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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Homecoming is the 1944 photograph of a soldier returning from war. The image was captured by Earle Bunker and it won the 1944 Pulitzer Prize for Photography. The image also won a national Associated Press news photo contest and it was featured in Life, Time and Newsweek.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On July 15, 1943 photographer Earle Bunker waited at the train depot in Villisca, Iowa. The town of Villisca, Iowa had a population of 1,100 and many came to the train station to welcome Lieutenant colonel Robert Moore home from war. Omaha World-Herald photographer Earle Bunker was also at the station waiting to capture the homecoming. Earle Bunker has said that he waited 24 hours to take the picture.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On February 17, 1943 Moore led a battalion of Iowa natives at Faid Pass battle. In December 1942, Lt. Col. Robert Moore had received the Silver Star for gallantry in action for his action in Algeria. On July 10, 1943 Mrs. Moore received the News that her husband would be returning home.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The image was selected along with another image to share the 1944 Pulitzer Prize for Photography. Many of the images which were submitted that year had a World War II theme. The Pulitzer Prize jurists were Robert E. McAlarney and Fred J. Pannwitt and they selected two war related photographs to win the 1944 Pulitzer Prize for Photography. Frank Filan's image entitled \"Tarawa Island\" and Bunker's \"Homecoming were very different images but they shared the 1944 prize.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lt. Col. Robert Moore was returning from a North Africa and he was met by his wife, Dorothy Dee (née) Moore, his 6-year-old daughter, Nancy; and his 2-year-old nephew named Michael Croxdale. In the image none of the faces of the subjects are visible. Bunker has said the flash bulb on his camera had failed on his first attempt to take the photo. He tossed the bulb under the train and he had to reset his camera which was a 9-pound Speed Graphic camera. He then had to rush the next shot and hope that the timing was right. He spun around and pressed the button just in time to capture the scene and his flash worked. The image was described as a father returning from a 16 month deployment as his young daughter falls into his arms. James Collings described the scene as \"a scene of a soldier crushing his daughter in his arms at a railroad station\".", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "New York Daily News columnist Ed Sullivan, said, \"It is one of the all-time top pictures of the war.\" It won a national Associated Press news photo contest and was used on literature distributed by the American Red Cross. The image was featured in Life, Newsweek and Time. Newsweek said, \"a picture that ranks with the war classics.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Leonard van Veldhoven is a Dutch architect and writer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Van Veldhoven was born in 1947 in The Hague.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1975, he founded his architectural firm, Van Veldhoven Partners. In 1985, Van Veldhoven Bastion Hotels, a hotel chain which expanded to 32 locations, including one in Germany, over the following decade.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1995, Van Veldhoven shifted his focus from architecture and hospitality to travel and writing. His travels through the Americas from 1996 to 1999, and a subsequent six-year sailing journey beginning in 2000 with his wife, artist Miriam Janssen, inspired a series of travel narratives and a novel titled White Sky.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Van Veldhoven has also contributed to the study of comtoise clocks, including the comprehensive Mayet Morbier Comtoise and a multilingual dictionary about the subject.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After relocating to Montolieu, France, in 2005, he continued his research into local history and clockmaking, resulting in publications that detail the village's heritage and the lives of a local clockmaking family through turbulent historical periods, such as Montolieu, son histoire et ses watchers and A box full of memories, chronicle of a French family in turbulent times: 1835-1964.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tylorrhynchus heterochetus, also known as the Japanese palolo is a species of edible ragworm.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The species can be commonly found in estuaries of the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. Its mature size is circa 5.65 cm.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The worm inhabits the muddy soil of estuaries and rice paddies. During the reproductive season in November and December, the worms swim up to the surface and migrate to sea at high tide. The males will turn to a white milky colour, wheras females will attain a white-green colour. As the worms reach the higher salinity seawater, they will release their gametes and die.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Due to pollution and changes to their natural environments, they are nowadays less numerous, and entirely extinct in some habitats.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The up to 35 cm deep burrows made by the worm in muddy sea beds help to bring oxygen to nitrifying bacteria.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "It is eaten as a local delicacy in the Chinese coastal provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and Zhejiang and in Northeast Vietnam. The worm has high nutritional value in protein and fats.", "title": "Relationship with humans" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In Vietnam, it is mainly used in a dish called Chả rươi, which has been known as a delicacy for centuries, especially in the area of Tứ Kỳ district, Hải Dương province.", "title": "Relationship with humans" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "As it only occurs during its breeding season, farmers can earn relatively high incomes from harvesting the worms. In some areas this has resulted in overfishing.", "title": "Relationship with humans" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It is also used in Traditional Chinese medicine. A study has shown that consumption of the worm has an anti-fatigue effect on mice.", "title": "Relationship with humans" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Since the worms are sensitive to changes in their environmental conditions, they are sometimes used by researches to monitor the quality of marine habitats.", "title": "Relationship with humans" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Din Mohammad Zangshahi(Persian/Balochi: دینمحمّد زنگشاهی;1958) was an Iranian Baloch especially versed in playing Ghaychak.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born in Balochistan, Iran, Din Mohammad Zangshahi was one of the musical sources of the border region in northern Balochistan and one of the few musical artists in the regions of Iran who wrote a book and recorded parts of his works and poems related to Balochi sounds and songs in \"Music of Balochistan. Zangshahi died on 4 August 2018 due to long-term liver disease in Mirjaveh Hospital at the age of 64", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Fabulous Fats Navarro, Vol. 2 is a studio album by Fats Navarro and released posthumously by Blue Note Records.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "All compositions by Tadd Dameron unless otherwise stated", "title": "Track listing" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Track listing" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 DePaul Blue Demons women's basketball team represented DePaul University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Blue Demons were led by thirty-eighth year head coach Doug Bruno and played their home games at the Wintrust Arena as members of the Big East Conference.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Blue Demons finished the season 16–17, 8–12 in Big East play to finish in seventh place. As a No. 7 seed, they defeated Providence in the first round of the Big East women's tournament before losing to Villanova in the quarterfinals.", "title": "Previous season" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "There were no recruiting classing class of 2023.", "title": "Offseason" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Source:", "title": "Schedule and results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "*The preseason and week 1 polls were the same.", "title": "Rankings" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hilda Mary Emily Ada Ruthven Murray (1875 – 1951) was an English philologist and literary scholar.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She was born 17 November 1875 in Mill Hill, London, daughter of the lexicographer Sir James Murray and his wife Ada, née Ruthven. She and her five siblings grew up writing out cards for her father’s Oxford English Dictionary in return for pocket money. She was educated at Oxford High School and achieved a First Class in English Language and Literature from Oxford University in 1899, also taking a Cambridge degree in 1926.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From 1899–1915 she was Lecturer in Germanic Philology at Royal Holloway. Afterwards she became director of studies and lecturer in medieval and modern languages, and subsequently in historical and comparative philology, at Girton College, Cambridge, where she was vice-mistress from 1924 to 1936.", "title": "Academic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "During her Oxford degree, Hilda continued her work on the Oxford English Dictionary, researching etymologies and providing statistical analysis for the introductory material.", "title": "Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1911, she published an edition and analysis of the Middle English poem Erthe upon Erthe with the Early English Text Society, collecting 25 versions of the poem from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries.", "title": "Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "She published an edition of Robert Henryson’s fifteenth-century Selected Fables in 1930.", "title": "Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "A kind but exacting tutor, she was reputed to have ‘one of the best memories in Europe’ and to be able to finish the Times crossword in five minutes.", "title": "Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "She died in Chichester, Sussex, on 23 August 1951.", "title": "Publications" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yun Hai (Chinese: 雲海; Wade–Giles: Yun Hai) is an American general store and wholesale e-commerce business based in New York City and Changhua County, Taiwan. Founded by Lisa Cheng Smith in 2019, the company sources cooking ingredients and dried fruit from Taiwan. Yun Hai received media attention after launching a Kickstarter campaign to import Taiwanese dried fruit as a response to China's ban on Taiwanese pineapples in March 2021.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Yun Hai was founded by Lisa Cheng Smith, a Taiwanese American who grew up in Texas, in 2019. As an online boutique, Yun Hai offered handpicked selection of gourmet foods made in Taiwan. The physical pantry shop in Brooklyn opened in June 2022.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The first product that Yun Hai sold was Su Chili Crisp, a hot sauce that Cheng Smith had enjoyed in Taiwan but was not available in the United States. Soon after that, Yun Hai started selling soy sauces and hot sauces, usually from second- or third-generation family-owned makers in Taiwan.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Following China's ban on Taiwanese pineapples (90% of which were exported to China at the time of the ban) in March 2021, Cheng Smith and co-owner Lillian Lin launched a Kickstarter campaign to import dried fruit from independent farmers in Taiwan. Expecting to raise around $12,000, the pair raised $113,050. Cheng Smith and Lin worked with Taiwanese farmers and farmer-owned cooperatives to dry and package pineapples. They added green mango, Irwin mango, pearl guava, and wax apple to their offerings shortly after.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On 30 March 2023, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen visited Yun Hai during her stopover in New York.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Yun Hai has two warehouses in the U.S., one in California and one in New York, and delivers products to consumers across the contiguous United States. While it has a physical storefront located in Brooklyn, Yun Hai generates most of its sales online. As of 2023, Yun Hai sells over 70 products through its website and over 100 in the shop.", "title": "Operations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Odonteus armiger is the only European species of the genus Odonteus. It belongs to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. This species lives a very hidden life and is therefore little known about it, despite its wide distribution.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Its body length is of 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in). The deep black, shiny body is short, rounded and strongly arched. Males have a narrow, movable horn at the base of the head. The females have a transverse ridge with two small bumps at this point. Other native beetles with a head horn are, for example, the european rhinoceros beetle or Copris lunaris. There are also two smaller horns on the sides of the male's neck shield. The antennae consist of movable leaves. Other similar genera are Geotrupes and Typhaeus, which lack the horn, the rimmed seam edge of the elytra and the tomentum spot on the front of the forelegs. They are also usually smaller then them.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The species is has a wide distribution in Europe. In the north, the species is found as far south as Sweden and the south of Great Britain. In the west, the species can be found as far as France and the north-eastern parts of Spain. In the south, the species is found as far north-east as Spain, southern France, northern Italy and the Balkan Peninsula and in the east, the species is found as far south as Russia (east to the Urals) and the Caucasus.", "title": "Distribution and habitat" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The species was first described in 1772 by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli under the name Scarabaeus armiger. Over time, the species was initially categorised in the Scarabaeidae family and later assigned to the Geotrupidae. It is now systematically classified as a member of the Bolboceratidae, a small family of the Scarabaeoidea. Numerous synonyms of the species can be found in the literature, for example Odontaeus armiger (Scopoli 1772), Bolboceras armiger (Scopoli 1772), Scarabaeus bicolor (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus mobilicornis (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus testaceus (Fabricius 1775), Scarabaeus rufescens (Ponza 1805) and Odontaeus fulvus (Mulsant & Rey 1871).", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sangte Aika (transl. Listen, I'll Tell You) is an Indian Marathi-language classic tamasha film directed and produced by Anant Mane, from a screenplay Vyankatesh Madgulkar, featured Jayshree Gadkar, Dada Salvi, Chandrakant, Suryakant, Hansa Wadkar, Sulochana Latkar, Vasant Shinde. The film was a huge commercial hit, ran over 131 weeks in Pune’s Vijayanand Theatre and screened alomost two year across the cities in Maharashtra, a record that later broken by the Hindi film Sholay. Afterwards, the movie served as the inspiration for Wadkar's 1970 autobiography of the same name.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The film was cinematographed by E. Mohammad and editing is handled by Gangaram Mathaphode. The music is composed by Vasant Pawar while sound design is by S. Damle.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The story of Sangate Aika revolves around the rivalry between character Chima, a tamasha performer and Mahadev Patil, a cruel and conceited landlord and village chief of Rajuri. Even though Patil hasn't been convicted, Chima is furious with him for killing her father and for openly opposing the village's feudal structure. Because Patil is unable to question his authority in the community, the narrative develops as he commits other atrocities. He sends Salaram, a dacoit, to kill Sakharam Shinde, an industrious but impoverished farmer, and then rapes Sakharam's wife Hansa because of his conceit about insignificant things like bullock cart racing. After his daughter was born, she passed away. Subsequently, Patil turns on Salaram and gives him up to the authorities. In a surprising turn of events, Salaram looks after Hansa during her pregnancy and gives the kid to Chima upon her passing. As a result, Patil's daughter Hansa, who is also named Patil, dances in a tamasha for his adversary. Chima. At last, Patil becomes concerned about his son's antics when he witnesses Krishna, his half-sister, constantly playing practical jokes and showing affection for Hansa. Chima purposefully cheers on the young man and makes fun of Patil for falling into the trap that fate has set for him. Unaware of his daughter's conception and upbringing, Patil is appalled by his son's wicked impulses and driven insane by this information. In the pivotal last scene, Chima, resolved to get retribution, makes her way back to Rajuri with the goal of outing Patil. She performs a song on stage and informs the stunned audience—among them Krishna—about Patil's crimes. Hansa is also there, sobbing as she stands next to her adoptive mother on stage. After all the information has been revealed, Patil approaches Tamasha in the last confrontation brandishing a gun. However, just as Patil is about to shoot Salram, a dacoit kills Salram. Hansa gives her brother Krishna a rakhi as the curtain descends.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film was released in 1959 in Maharshtra, becomes a major commercial success. Sangte Aika set a record by continuous screenings for almost 230 weeks. It also made a lasting impression on Marathi literature and theatre. Narwekar stated that Shikleli Baiko and Sangte Aika both reaffirmed the notion that the new Marathi film audience was concentrated in rural regions and was drawn to movies with a similar theme. Those who made films against this backdrop did so out of a natural desire to distance themselves from the limited urban Marathi film audience. Prior to independence, Marathi films were praised for their unique substance, and in light of this appreciation, Hindi versions were made shortly after.", "title": "Release and reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The number of tamasha films steadily grew between 1959 and 1972. Sangte Aika spent nearly 140–240 weeks in theaters. Production figures for the tamasha film increased starting in 1961. As a result, there were two in 1961 (Shahir Parshuram and Rangapanchami), two in 1964 (Sawaal Majha Aika! and Sundara Mana Madhye Bharli), three in 1967, five in 1970.The tamasha gained popularity in rural performing circuits with a cinematic rendition. As it was eventually performed in tiny towns and villages, this also had an impact on its performance elements. A form that the film industry had successfully taken was being influenced in the opposite way. It led to an odd historical turnabout for the tamasha as a folk art form and the film industry.", "title": "Impact" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The music composed by Vasant Pawar and the songs are sung by Asha Bhosale, Vitthal Shinde, Madhubala Jhaveri, and Kumud Pendekar, while the lyrics were provided by G. D. Madgulkar. The lavani song \"Bugadi Majhi Sandali Ga\" was becomes very popular at that time, sung by Asha Bhosale and picturised on Jayshree Gadkar.", "title": "Soundtrack" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VK Fest is an open air music festival, organized by the social networks \"VK\" and \"Radio Record\" in 2015. It usually takes place on a July weekend in Saint Petersburg.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "According to the organizers, at the 2016 festival there were 70 thousand people, and in 2017, there were 85 thousand people.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2017, on three musical stages were performances by around 40 musicians, among whom were Mumiy Troll, Elena Temnikova, Max Barskih, «Zveri», Jah Khalib, Big Russian Boss, Светлана Лобода, Neuromonakh Feofan, Max Korzh, Bi-2, Noize MC, Kasta, The Hatters, and Little Big. Speeches from bloggers and famous people made up a big part of the festival; among the speakers from that same 2017 festival include Sergey Druzhko, Olga Buzova, Анна Седокова, Dmitry Grishin, Egor Beroev, Timur Bekmambetov, Elena Letuchaya, and Mikhail Piotrovsky. More than 1.5 million viewers watched the live broadcast of the festival.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, the festival was jointly held in three cities: — Saint Petersburg, Sochi and in Moscow.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2023, VK Fest took place on different days in five cities: 17 June in Vladivostok, 24 June in Novosibirsk, 1 and 2 July in Saint Petersburg, 8 July in Sochi, and 15 and 16 July in Moscow.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nymphaea × borealis is a species of waterlily native to Sweden, Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, and East European Russia. It is a natural hybrid of Nymphaea alba and Nymphaea candida.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The filament is lanceolate. The yellow stigma has a hemispherical, short projection in the centre of the stigma.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It exhibits an intermediate genome size.", "title": "Cytology" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Nymphaea × borealis exhibits lower fertility and pollen production.", "title": "Reproduction" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Nymphaea × borealis can be formed in areas of sympatric occurrence of the parent species, but the natural hybridisation of both parent species is not very frequent. Genetically confirmed hybrids are a rare occurrence.", "title": "Reproduction" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "It was first described by Edmond Gustave Camus in 1898.", "title": "Taxonomy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yoga is a 2020 book by the French writer Emmanuel Carrère.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The book begins as a personal essay about self-help, yoga and meditation retreats, but becomes an account of a period of depression and personal breakdown in the life of Emmanuel Carrère, triggered by the 2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting and involving the collapse of his marriage. He is committed to a psychiatric hospital, diagnosed with bipolar disorder and given ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy. Once he is out, he tries to find peace and occupy himself by travelling to Iraq to search for a Quran supposedly written with the blood of Saddam Hussein and to the island of Leros in Greece, where he tries to teach creative writing to newly arrived Asian men during the 2015 European migrant crisis.", "title": "Synopsis" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Rob Doyle of The Observer called Carrère \"a great pornographer of his own torments\" and his books \"wantonly self-referential\", and wrote that despite the disparate material that Yoga contains, Carrière turns it into an insightful story.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Upon the French publication, the book created discussions as Carrère's ex-wife Hélène Devynck [fr] accused him of violating a legal agreement to not write about her in his books. This led to discussions about how much the content in Yoga diverged from Carrère's real experiences due to all instances where he had removed material about his marriage. Randy Rosenthal of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the omissions leave \"a black hole\" at the book's centre that becomes \"an unforgivable flaw\".", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Glasgow Warriors Women are a select provincial rugby union side from Scotland. The team plays in the Celtic Challenge league.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Glasgow Warriors Women was formed in December 2023 by Glasgow Warriors and the Scottish Rugby Union to play in the Celtic Challenge. A cross-border women's rugby union competition that will be held annually, launched in 2023. Designed to develop players for the Celtic nations of Ireland, Scotland and Wales.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Glasgow Warriors women's side play their home matches at Scotstoun Stadium.", "title": "Stadium" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The coaching team was announced on 12 December 2023.", "title": "Coaches" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The squad for the 2023–24 Season was announced on 19 December 2023.", "title": "Current squad" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 28th December 2023, Emma Turner and Rhea Clarke were named as co-captains. Note: Flags indicate national union under World Rugby eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-World Rugby nationality.", "title": "Current squad" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 27 December 2023, Scottish Rugby announced 11 transitional players that could play for either Scottish Celtic challenge team. Transitional players were selected through a Scottish qualified programme, a programme to develop and support Scottish Qualified players living outside of Scotland, as well as players who have previously been involved with Scotland but currently live outside of Scotland.", "title": "Current squad" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "International players released to play for Glasgow Warriors in the Celtic Challenge league.", "title": "Current squad" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Chaney v. Schweiker refers to multiple distinct federal cases concerning Richard S. Schweiker, the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "IHDA may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1983 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 86th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The final was played on 25 September 1983 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Kinnitty and St Rynagh's, in what was their seventh meeting in the final overall and a first meeting in two years. Kinnitty won the match by 0-20 to 2-06 to claim their seventh championship title overall and a first title in four years.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Alda Grimaldi (6 October 1919 – 28 December 2023), known as Dada, was an Italian director and actress who was active from the 1940s to the 1960s.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Grimaldi was born in Sampierdarena in 1919. She began her acting career in Turin at the Fert Studio [it] in the 1940s.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1955, Grimaldi sterted working at RAI. The same year, she won a scholarship to attend a directing course at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Grimaldi was among the first women to work as a television director in the state television corporation in the early days of regular broadcasting. She directed, among other things, an episode of the 1958 didactic-theatrical program Il teatro dei ragazzi [it].", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1957, she was awarded the Saint-Vincent Prize for Journalism [it] in 1957.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "She died on 28 December 2023, at the age of 104.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Grimaldi was married to the Turin doctor Giovanni Rubino, who died in 1997.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "", "title": "External Links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mediasound was an American independent recording studio facility located at 311 West 57th Street in New York City established in 1969 by Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John P. Roberts.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The studio was founded by former JAC Recording engineer Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters, with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John Roberts. The search for a suitable location for the studio began in 1968 and resulted in the acquisition of the former Manhattan Baptist Church building.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Originally conceived as an 8-track studio, the concept was expanded to a 24-track state-of-the-art facility, increasing the budget from $100,000 to $700,000, and the studio opened in June 1969 with the former church's large wooden front door and 2,000 square foot main room with high ceilings and stained glass windows.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Sessions at Mediasound ranged from commercial jingles and movie soundtrack work to album projects, with the studio hosting a wide variety of artists in the 1970s, including Barry Manilow, Kool & the Gang, Stevie Wonder, Frankie Valli, Lou Reed, Gloria Gaynor, Engelbert Humperdinck, Ramones, and Blondie. Additionally, most of the music for Sesame Street was recorded at Mediasound, as a standing session was booked at 9 am with engineer Fred Christie for years.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Session musicians who worked at Mediasound included Paul Shaffer, Bob Babbitt, Allan Schwartzberg, Will Lee, and Marcus Miller. Numerous recording engineers worked at Mediasound, including Bob Clearmountain, Tony Bongiovi, Godfrey Diamond, Michael Barbiero, Michael Delugg, Harvey Goldberg, Ron Saint Germain, Michael Brauer, Don Wershba, and Ed Stasium, among others.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Harry Hirsch left Mediasound in 1973, and would go on to later found Sound Mixers, GRP Records' corporate studio, and Sound Tracks. In 1977, Bob Walters left to co-found Power Station with Tony Bongiovi. Joel Rosenman continued to oversee daily operations, with John Roberts overseeing finances for the studio.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1983, the studio was bought by Michael Hektoen, who managed it until it closed in the 1990s.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Okate Life (English: Same life) is a 2019 Telugu technological-drama film directed by M. Venkat. The film stars Jithan Ramesh and Shruti Yugal in the lead roles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Ram is a thrifty guy who runs an agency to help guys falls in love. He helps his friend, Venu, fall in love with Priya. In a sudden turn of events, Venu leaves Priya without telling Ram.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Tamil actor Jithan Ramesh was signed to play a lead role in a film about the effects of technology on people's emotions.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film's trailer was released by T. Harish Rao of the political party TRS. In February, Ramesh's brother Jiiva revealed the poster of the film, which showed the former dressed in various costumes and sporting a beard. The tagline of the film was revealed to be Handle with care. The film was scheduled to release on February 8.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo (Spanish: criollo venezolano), or Llanero / Llañero, is a stock horse breed from the Llanos region of Venezuela. It is descended from the Colonial Spanish horse, gradually introduced from the 16th century onwards, and is closely related to other Criollo and Paso Fino breeds. Small, sober and responsive, the Venezuelan Criollo is mainly used as a mount for stock cattle in its native region. They are still widely used for transporting goods and people.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The breed has excellent genetic diversity, and is therefore not threatened with extinction. Its main threat lies in the presence of parasites, notably Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which causes anaplasmosis. As its selection is still being organized, there is no stud book yet, and its numbers are unknown.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Spanish name Llanero translates as \"horse of the plains\". The DAD-IS database and the University of Oklahoma Encyclopedia (2007) refer to the breed as Llanero (without diacritical mark), while CAB International, the Delachaux guide and researchers from the teams of E. G. Cothran and J. L Canelón refer to it as \"Venezuelan Criollo\". However, the Delachaux guide also specifies the existence of the name Llañero (with diacritical mark).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Horses were extinct in South America around 10,000 BC, and the species only reappeared with the arrival of the crews of Christopher Columbus's second voyage in 1493. The Venezuelan breed is descended from the Colonial Spanish horse, introduced by settlers and conquistadores from the 16th century onwards - the same origin as the neighboring Trote y galope. In 1526, the settlement of Coro introduced local horse breeding. In 1528, King Charles V of Spain commissioned the Welser governors to import horses from Hispaniola, San Juan and Santiago de Cuba to Venezuela. It seems that horses abandoned by Don Pedro de Mendoza in 1535 near Buenos Aires also played a special role in the founding of the breed. The majority of these founding horses came from the Antilles, but a not inconsiderable number, acquired by the Welsers or by settlers, are thought to have come directly from Spain. Ambrosius Ehinger brought over 80 horses from Sanlúcar de Barrameda to Venezuela. Similarly, in 1545, Cristóbal Rodríguez, a settler in the Llanos, brought ten mares and two foals of the Andalusian breed directly from Jerez de la Frontera.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo breed originated in the Llanos plains of north-western Venezuela. The particularly harsh climate, with very dry winters, has led to a reduction in the size of the original Iberian herd.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo was described and characterized by Ángel Cabrera in his work published in Buenos Aires (1945), then by R. De Armas in his veterinary thesis published in 1946, which is the most complete description published of the breed. The structuring of Venezuelan Criollo breeding is more recent, and stems from the observation by local llaneros that their traditional horses are better adapted to the climate of their region than the American Quarter Horse. A group of researchers from the Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, in Barquisimeto, has conducted several studies on these horses. In 2011, when a genetic characterization study was published on 214 subjects of the breed in comparison with other South American horse breeds, there was still no stud book (or herd book).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "DAD-IS refers to it as a pony, but it is actually a small horse, typical of South American Criollos. Hendricks' book (University of Oklahoma, 2007) and the Delachaux guide (2014, which probably uses the latter's data) cite an average height of 1.42 m. The breed is close to the Argentine Criollo, but lighter in pattern, the result of the influence of the climate in its native region. The Venezuelan Criollo is also close to the Colombian Criollo. There are few phenotypic differences between horses from the states of Apure, Aragua and Mérida.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The head is rectilinear, sometimes slightly convex, and generally triangular in shape, with a broad base. Cheeks are prominent, eyes triangular and expressive. Medium-sized ears point upwards. The neck is of medium length, rather thick, with little definition at the throat. The chest is relatively narrow. The back is generally straight and strong, the rump rather swollen and short. The limbs are slender, ending in small, sturdy paws. Mane, tuft and tail are thick and abundant, but dewlap is rare.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The coat is generally characterized by the expression of the Dun gene (which includes the bay dun and grullo coats), with black manes and markings, but a wide variety of other coats are possible, including chestnut, bay in all shades, black, gray, roan, strawberry roan, palomino and piebald.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo is reputed to be very sober, requiring little food intake. They are well adapted to the climatic conditions of their region. Reputedly calm in character, they are responsive when called upon. Thanks to its selection for stock with livestock, it has inherited great endurance. Hematological alterations are considered to be one of the main unfavorable factors for horse breeding on the Venezuelan plains. A parasitological study carried out on two Venezuelan ranches shows that infestations with Trypanosoma evansi (7.3 %), Babesia equi (1.4 %) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (32.9 %) are possible, and are responsible for significant losses in farm horses.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo has excellent genetic diversity. All South American horse breeds seem to belong to the same gene cluster, noted \"h\", which is notably the case in this breed, this cluster also being common to Iberian horses and Sorraia. Several particularly rare alleles, although not very frequent, were detected in the 214 Venezuelan Criollo horses analyzed for the purposes of the study by E. G. Cothran and his team in 2011. The Venezuelan Criollo is genetically very close to the Chilote and the Colombian Paso Fino, and is also genetically close to the Puerto Rican Paso Fino. The greater closeness to these three breeds compared to other South American Criollo is consistent with the breed's history, with the main ancestors of the Venezuelan Criollo coming from the Caribbean.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo was the subject of a study to determine the presence of the DMRT3 gene mutation responsible for extra gaits: the study of 21 subjects failed to detect the presence of this mutation in 16.7 % of the horses tested, and the existence of horses with extra gaits was confirmed among the breed.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The Venezuelan Criollo is an essential partner for farm and ranch work. There is a difference in use according to sex: the horses put to work are very generally the males, while the females are put to breeding. These horses are mainly used as mounts for transporting people and goods in rural Venezuela. In particular, they are used for work riding with livestock. This use is predominant on Venezuela's large cattle farms. These horses help the Llaneros to stimulate, fetch and capture cattle destined for meat production in the country.", "title": "Usage" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "These horses also make good touring horses. Cross-breeding with other breeds is rare, as the horses resulting from such cross-breeding are generally less adaptable to the climatic conditions of the Llanos.", "title": "Usage" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The breed is unique to Venezuela, and is divided into three sub-populations in the states of Apure, Aragua and Mérida. The study conducted by Uppsala University, published in August 2010 for the FAO, identifies the Llanero as a local South American horse breed with an unknown level of threat. The teams of E. G. Cothran and Raymi Castellanos also list it as a \"local breed\". However, there is no record of numbers, particularly on DAD-IS (2018).", "title": "Breeding spread" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "According to the Delachaux guide (2014), awareness is growing of the large number of crosses made in the breed (which contradicts information from Venezuelan studies). According to Cothran et al. the excellent genetic diversity and large numbers make the threat of extinction very low, and should ensure the future of the Venezuelan Criollo, unless a genetic bottleneck occurs.", "title": "Breeding spread" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of Mers el-Kébir in 1497 is a conflict in which the Spanish Empire wanted to assert control over Oran and Mers el-Kébir, under the rule of Abu Abdallah IV, the Zayyanid Sultan of Tlemcen.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After the capture of Granada in 1492, a considerable number of Andalusian Moors settle in Oran, gaining notoriety for their acts of banditry committed against all vessels flying a Christian flag. The pirates of Oran plunder the entire western Mediterranean region, especially the entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar. They defy naval patrols and audaciously seize galleons from the Indies, even under the fire of Spanish batteries, constantly conducting armed raids on the coasts of Andalusia.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "King Ferdinand decides that several points along the African coast should be occupied. He dispatches the Duke of Medina-Sidonia in 1497 with ample forces to seize Oran and Mers el-Kébir, but the assault is swiftly repelled.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After the battle, Ferdinand conquered Melilla a few days later, following the engagement in Oran. He proceeded to capture strategic points in North Africa, and in 1505, he attempted again to seize Mers el-Kébir, successfully accomplishing it. Subsequently, he continued his conquest, capturing Peñón de Vélez in 1507, Oran in 1509, and Algiers, Bougie, and Tunis in 1510.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Michelle Pfeiffer\" is the debut single by American singer-songwriter Hayden Silas Anhedönia, under the stage name of Ethel Cain. Named after the actress of the same name, it contains the featuring of American rapper Lil Aaron, and was released on February 11, 2021, as the lead single from Cain's third extended play (EP) titled Inbred.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On February 11, 2021, the singer released \"Michelle Pfeiffer\" and announced her third extended play as Ethel Cain, Inbred, which was released on April 23.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "\"Michelle Pfeiffer\" is a indie rock song, and was described by Pitchfork as \"sawtoothed\" and \"stylish, toxic, and beyond high off its own feelings\". A power ballad, it tells the story of \"doomed lovers wasted on their own longing\". According to The Fader, Cain \"glamorized\" the \"cinematic appeal\" with the song. Its lyrics \"covers the pain of the kind of longing that makes you act truly recklessly\".", "title": "Composition and reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "\"This song was just a breath of fresh air from a fresh start,\" Ethel said. She also stated:", "title": "Composition and reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "\"It was my first time ever in LA, in a studio for the first time ever with Aaron, and it felt like I was finally being seen for the artist I'd been trying to be for years. I've always idolized Michelle Pfeiffer and thought she was a picture perfect bombshell so when I was in the back of my uber with the windows down, headed to the studio bright and early that first morning and humming a little chorus melody to myself, I felt like a bombshell of my own. It felt like my life had finally started.\"", "title": "Composition and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zaynab is a 1930 Egyptian silent film directed by Mohammed Karim, and starring Bahiga Hafez", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A love story between Zeinab who works as a wage earner on agricultural lands and Ibrahim who supervises the farming of these lands. Her family rejects their marriage and make her marry a wealthy man, while Ibrahim gets drafted in the army leaving his sweetheart behind.", "title": "Plot" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Joe Oltmann is an American podcaster and political activist.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Oltmann is the founded of FEC United, a political organization that advocates for candidates for public office in the State of Colorado and has been involved in the Stop the Steal campaign in its efforts to spread disinformation about the 2020 US Presidential election results. He is also the host of the podcast Conservative Daily, where he shares far right theories and opinions, such as his support of Russia's invastion of Ukraine. Some of his comments have led to defamation suits, such as his claim that a LGBTQ magazine journalists was an accessory to the murder of a women who later proved to still be alive. His election denialism extended beyond the 2020 Election, when in 2022 he hosted a rally to protest the results of the US midterm Congressional election, claiming they had been skewed by fradulent activity.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1984 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 87th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kinnitty entered the championship as the defending champions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The final was played on 14 October 1984 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Kinnitty and St Rynagh's, in what was their eighth meeting in the final overall and a second successive meeting. Kinnitty won the match by 1-12 to 1-06 to claim their eighth championship title overall and a second successive title.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "redirectDoctor Zhivago (film)#Legacy", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Halyna Mykhailivna Chorna, neé Myts (born 18 November 1967) is a Ukrainian politician, public figure, and journalist. People's Deputy of Ukraine of the 7th convocation. Member of the faction All-Ukrainian Union “Svoboda” (“Freedom”).", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vladimir Georgyevich Sviridov (Russian: Владимир Георгиевич Свиридов; 13 October 1955 - November 2023), was a Russian army officer and the former Commander of the 6th Air Force and Air Defense Army serving from 2005 to 2009, and was a Lieutenant General of Aviation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In November 2023, Svirodov was found dead with his wife and was part of the mysterious deaths during the Russo-Ukrainian war.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Vladimir Sviridov was born on 13 October 1955 in the city of Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol Krai.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1975, he entered and in 1979 graduated from the Stavropol Higher Military Aviation School of Air Defense Pilots and Navigators. He continued his service as a pilot, senior pilot, aviation flight commander in the Far Eastern Military District, aviation flight commander, deputy squadron commander, and aviation squadron commander in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1992 he graduated from the Yu. A. Gagarin Air Force Academy. He erved in the following positions: deputy commander of a bomber aviation regiment for flight training in the Transcaucasian and North Caucasus Military Districts (SKVO), commander of a bomber aviation regiment, deputy commander of a bomber division in the North Caucasus Military District, commander of a bomber aviation division in the Far Eastern Military District.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2002, he graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia. He was then appointed deputy commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Army.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 6 June 2005, by Decree of the President of the Russia, he was appointed commander of the 6th Air Force and Air Defense Army.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 2007, in his interview with the Russian magazine Take Off that pilots were receiving inadequate training, Sviridov complained, \"A pilot must have about 100 hours of flight time per year for full combat readiness. However, this is not yet the case. The average flight time in the army is currently 25-30 hours.\" In another interview, he criticized the too low level of training of officers. \"It is, however, very popular in Russia,\" he said.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In December 2009, at age 54, he was fired due to his harsh criticisms, and had been replaced by Aleksandr Duplinsky, and had retired as a lieutenant general as of 2009.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On 16 November 2023, Svirirdov was found dead in his home in Andzhiyevsky, in Stavropol Krai, at the age of 68, along with his wife, Tatyana, aged 72.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "According to initial investigations, they had been dead for around a week; according to the Russian news agency RIA Novosti, there would be “no trace of violent death”. A malfunction in the heating system following a power outage caused their carbon monoxide poisoning. However, on-site measurements did not reveal any carbon monoxide concentration limits being exceeded.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "They had two children.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2021 European Champions Cup was the 58th iteration of the top European baseball club competition. It was held in Ostrava and Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic from 13 to 17 July 2021.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The cup featured eight teams: hosts Arrows Ostrava from Czech Republic, Rouen Huskies form France, Bonn Capitals and Heidenheim Heideköpfe from Germany, Fortitudo Bologna and Parma Baseball from Italy and Amsterdam Pirates and Curaçao Neptunus from the Netherlands.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Parma Baseball won the tournament after defeating Bonn Capitals 6–4 in the final game. Fortitudo Bologna claimed the bronze medal with a victory over Curaçao Neptunus 11–9. Infielder Alex Sambucci from Parma Baseball received the Most Valuable Player award of the tournament.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In Your Dreams is a South African fantasy drama television series written by Gareth Crocker and directed by Crocker and Fred Wolmarans. It is the first scripted television series by Amazon Studios produced in South Africa.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Marcus and Lloyd, best friends from childhood and business partners in a pest control business, activate a powerful magical statue shown to them by Dineo, their former classmate who Marcus is in love with. The statue brings to life their dreams, nightmares, and fears. Marcus and Lloyd's apparations haunt them until they overcome them with the help of Dineo.", "title": "Synopsis" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In Your Dreams is the first scripted television series by Amazon Studios produced in South Africa. The series is produced by Motion Story, an independent South African production company.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The series debuted on Amazon Prime on 24 November 2023.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Uruguayan intrastate war (Spanish: Guerra Interna) was a short military conflict in which the Uruguayan Government carried out a general crackdown on left-wing guerrillas through the implementation of martial law. The Intrastate War was declared by the Uruguayan Parliament on April 15, 1972.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The intrastate war was declared after a period of widespread political violence. Amidst a deep inflationary crisis, the government had assumed the role of fixing prices and salaries through the COPRIN institution, and had announced a raise in wages by 20% for April 1972 despite the trade unions had asked for a 40%. This led to a resume of social mobilizations, which had been mitigated in previous months, both from trade unions and from student organizations.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Urban guerrillas intensified their activity that month: an army lieutenant was shot in the stomach by Raúl Sendic at Mercedes, left-wing guerrillas raided the National Council of Family Allocations and a home appliances store, and right-wing paramilitary groups attacked the homes of Zelmar Michelini and Enrique Rodríguez Fabregat. One of the most impressive terrorist blows was the jailbreak from the Punta Carretas prison by 21 members of the Tupamaros.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The most important attack, however, was the series of murders carried out by the Tupamaros on April 14. In the early morning, the terrorist group executed three soldiers who were travelling in a car. Corvette captain Ernesto Motto was also killed that morning while leaving his house, and professor Armando Acosta y Lara was shot dead by a sniper outside his home. The Tupamaros also tried to kill Miguel Sofía, an alleged leader of the Death Squads. In the failed operation, two tupamaros were killed and policeman Juan Carlos Reyes was severely wounded.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The same day, the Joint Forces broke into the home of tupamaros Luis Martirena and Ivette Jiménez, who were killed afterwards. Eleuterio Fernández Huidobro and David Cámpora, who were hiding at the house, were jailed after the operation. The Army broke into another house later that day, in an operation in which four people were killed.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "13 murders were carried out in total. Later that day, the Police Forces invaded the headquarters of the Communist Party of Uruguay, of the March 26 Movement and of the Christian Democratic Party. President Juan María Bordaberry announced through cadena nacional that he would ask the Parliament to declare the country in a state of civil war the following day. The event was labeled as the \"day of blood\", and not only marked the beginning of the primacy of the Armed Forces in the counterterrorist campaign, but also decreased dramatically the popularity of the guerillas. Fernández Huidobro would later admit that the offensive had been a \"serious mistake\".", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The next day, in the Parliamentary session that would discuss the declaration, senator Enrique Erro read a series of documents compiled by the Tupamaros, called the \"Actas de Bardesio\", in which the guerrilla justified the previous day killings by claiming that those executed were directive figures of the far-right Death Squads. The report, allegedly written by a photographer kidnapped by the Tupamaros, accused the government of approving the actions of the Squads, which it responsibilized for the forced disappearance of tupamaro Héctor Castagnetto. The work claimed that the photographer had witnessed as a member of the Squads how Castagnetto was personally tortured by Miguel Sofía and other important figures, and stated that two Brazilian policemen had been involved in the operation. The photographer would later tell police that his statements were false and were obtained under psychological torture.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Nevertheless, the public image of the Tupamaros was greatly damaged after the events. The movement had already informed communist senator Rodney Arismendi that they were prepared to start waging full-scale war against the Army on April 14, an initiative which the MP deemed \"insane\". The Parliament voted in favor of the declaration, with the support of both Blanco and Colorado representatives. A series of far-right terrorist attacks were carried out during the session: the embassy of the Soviet Union and the house of various left-wing figures were stormed, and a group of young men who insulted Broad Front politicians from the stands of the Parliament later attempted to beat up Erro. Highschool classes were cancelled for 10 days. After a period of enforced martial law, the state of civil war was replaced by the definitive State Security Law.", "title": "Background and declaration" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On April 17 the Joint Forces carried out an operation against the Communist Party, in which a policeman and eight communists were killed. The army claimed that the activists had shot first, while the Communist Party stated that the procedure had the killing of the activists as an explicit motivation considering the incoherences in the official version.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "After an event of friendly fire in which two soldiers died during a procedure, Bordaberry was advised by the intelligence agency to reassemble the military leadership. Generals Gregorio Álvarez and Ramón Trabal, leaders of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and of the Information Service, drafted a plan aimed at \"winning the war\", based on cutting off supplies to the guerrillas by a strict social surveillance, an extensive work of counterintelligence, and the sabotage of Tupamaro recruitment campaigns.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The military kept carrying out search and seizure procedures all over the country, what led to shootouts in Fray Bentos and Mercedes which left two soldiers severely wounded. On April 24–25, seven tupamaros were detained in Dolores and other one was killed. Four days later, left-wing general Líber Seregni gave a speech calling for peace, stating that \"if we are at war, there are two ways to end it: either through dialogue or through extermination\" and called for an \"just\" agreement between the government and the guerrillas.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Bordaberry was infuriated by the speech, and gave an aggressive address through cadena nacional against the \"wolves in sheep's clothing\" who pretended to be \"apostles of peace\", emphasizing on the duty of the state to destroy the guerrillas. The president manifested his desire for peace, but stated that \"authentic and lasting\" peace required the \"good faith and honesty of those who invoke it\". Bordaberry criticized the Broad Front as hypocritical, stressing that the party had previously justified terrorist violence and embraced ideologically intolerant beliefs, and celebrated ironically that \"it is never too late to sit at the peace table\". However, the president argued, the death of policemen and of guerrilla fighters were not equal and, due to respect for the first ones, the conflict was to be resumed.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "By the end of April, guerrillas had killed 5 people and perpetrated 37 terrorist attacks (22 against buildings and 15 against vehicles), 10 Tupamaros and 7 communists had been executed by the Joint Forces, 64 people had been imprisoned and 11 terrorist hideouts had been discovered, of which 3 were located in the countryside.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The guerrillas continued their attacks. On May 9, the OPR-33 kidnapped the businessman Hugo Molaguero, who was released in August after being subject to \"inhumane treatment\". Soon after, the government detained Tupamaro leaders Mario Píriz Budes and Mauricio Rosencof. On May 18, the MLN-T attempted a terrorist attack against the commander-in-chief of the Army, Florencio Gravina, in which four soldiers who served as guards were shot dead inside their jeep. José Mujica defined the killings as \"a typical war action\" at the \"home of the top commander of an Army that was at war\", while a military chief stated that \"not even in wars people are killed this way\". The murder of four soldiers on the national Armed Forces Day was particularly significant, as it managed to convince the sectors of the army that resisted its new role to continue with the fight.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "On May 13 an official report by the Army announced that the Joint Forces had successfully detained 256 people, 70 long weapons and 500 short ones had been seized and 40 hideouts had been discovered. Since the declaration of the war, 18 people had been killed. On May 16, 16 tupamaros were arrested at Treinta y Tres. On May 22, the Joint Forces broke into an abandoned \"Jail of the People\" (Spanish: Cárcel del Pueblo) at Constitución street, a facility used as a prison for clandestine tortures and kidnaps by the Tupamaros, as well as into their explosives factory, and discovered one of their undercover infirmaries the following day.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The same day accusations of torture in Uruguayan barracks were presented at the senate. Two days later, the claims were confirmed when young Christian-democratic activist Luis Carlos Batalla was beaten to death at a military facility in Treinta y Tres. The minister of Defense was later interpelled by the Parliament.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The main Jail of the People, which remained in activity, was discovered on May 26 and its two prisoners, Ulysses Pereira Reverbel and Carlos Frick Davie were released. The jail was placed below a normal house in which a family lived. The Army had engaged in search and seizure in nearby homes, and carried out a large-scale operation for the release of the hostages. The guards of the prison were given the order to execute the prisoners if the government found the facilities, but they ignored it. The fall of the Jail was a huge morality blow to the Tupamaro movement, to the point that leading guerrilla figures like Amodio Pérez or Mariano Píriz Budes started collaborating secretly with the Joint Forces to save their lives. These defections were central for the disbandment of the movement soon after.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "The Tupamaro movement was quickly neutralized afterwards. On May 27 numerous tupamaros were arrested at Paysandú. On May 31, 20 alleged guerrilla fighters were arrested at Melo, other 7 were detained at Maldonado, 10 at Paso de los Toros, 8 at San José and 43 at Artigas. On June 13, the Tupamaros' Paysandú branch was completely defeated after an operation that killed 3 men and imprisoned 94. Later that month, 59 suspected fighters were detained at Treinta y Tres, 49 at Artigas, 68 remnants of the Paysandú branch, 19 at Salto and 12 at Florida. In July, 45 tupamaros were arrested at Paso de los Toros, 34 at Florida and 39 at Río Negro. The perpetrators of the murders of Delega and Acosta y Lara, of the kidnap of Molaguero and of the massacre at Gravina's house were arrested as well that month. In August, 31 fighters surrendered at Paysandú, 13 were arrested at Salto and 13 others were captured at Colonia.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Despite the Tupamaros counterattacked and killed 7 people, the movement had been almost completely dismantled by the crackdown and lost any real possibility of seizing power. Among the seven murdered was the brother of Gregorio Álvarez, colonel Artigas Álvarez, who was shot dead in front of his family while taking his children to school. The public outrage and protests sparked by the case, as Álvarez was widely seen as a moderate figure with no ties to torture procedures, caused a radicalization of the Army's counterterrorism policies: after Álvarez's murderer was arrested in August, the Joint Forces beat him into a coma. The tupamaro's family later claimed that, by order of Gregorio Álvarez, the fighter had been denied food and medical care once hospitalized, what had eventually killed him 17 days later.", "title": "Operations and development" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "The state of war was formally replaced by the State Security Law on July 10, but the conflict continued and the crackdown went even further. The Law gave the army even more power to defeat the guerrillas, created new crimes and gave a wider jurisdiction to military courts. The SSL also officially allowed the army to hold prisoners at their barracks.", "title": "Outcome and negotiations" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "On June 26, by order of Bordaberry, the government arranged a meeting with imprisoned Tupamaro leaders, and offered to accept their unconditional surrender. Cristi and Álvarez had communicated to the president on the previous day that the Tupamaros were willing to surrender in exchange for a series of political and economic reforms, as well as for being condemned to prison farms, but Bordaberry rejected the proposal and asked for their full demobilization and later unconditional judgement. After the meeting, Fernández Huidobro was sent by the government to negotiate the surrender with the Tupamaro leaders who were not arrested yet. The commanders openly rejected the state proposal and wrote their own project, which included a large amount of laws to be approved in exchange for the groups demobilization. After the rejection of the proposal by the Army, Raúl Sendic went personally to negotiate at the military facilities, but he was informed that the negotiations had been stopped by order of the government.", "title": "Outcome and negotiations" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "After the official refusal, the Tupamaros tried to start a political scandal and organized a public meeting of the March 26 Movement in which the population was informed that the Army was negotiating with guerrilla fighters at military facilities. The top military commanders issued a statement denying any involvement, but evidence of the events was presented at the Parliament and caused general outrage. Despite other attempts of negotiation were briefly tried, they were cancelled abruptly. The Army executed three imprisoned tupamaros, and the guerrillas reacted by murdering colonel Álvarez. The short truce between both sides was definitively over, armed violence intensified and tortures became more common short after.", "title": "Outcome and negotiations" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "Sendic, the last tupamaro leader who had not yet been caught, tried to continue negotiating with General Julio Marenales, but stopped after the killing of another fighter. Sendic was finally imprisoned on September 1. The movement, however, was not dissolved and kept taking part in political and armed actions after the capture of Sendic. The Tupamaros remained active in Uruguay until November 1973, and later operated in exile. A few thousands of tupamaro exiles remained in Argentina, Cuba and Chile, and tried to organize a return to the country. After some attempts of international coordination, the isolation and lack of communication between cells caused the failure of the project.", "title": "Outcome and negotiations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 1 was the first event of the season and was held in Östersund, Sweden, from 25 November to 3 December 2023. The event consisted of three individual competitions and two relay races for both genders and two mixed relays. World cup leaders after the events in Östersund were Philipp Nawrath for men and Franziska Preuß for the women.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The events took place at the following times.", "title": "Schedule of events" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 50th G7 summit is set to be held from 13 to 15 June 2024 in the city of Fasano in Apulia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The choice of Fasano as the headquarters of the G7 was announced by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni in November 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "All G7 member states will participate in the summit, including the representatives of the European Union. The President of the European Commission has been a permanently welcome participant at all meetings since 1981.", "title": "Leaders at the summit" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Italy will hold the presidency of the G7 for 2024.", "title": "Leaders at the summit" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1978 Volvo Tennis Classic, also known as the Washington Indoor, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Charles E. Smith Center in Washington, D.C. in the United States that was part of the 1978 Grand Prix circuit. It was the seventh edition of the tournament and was held from March 13 through March 19, 1978. First-seeded Brian Gottfried won his second consecutive singles title at the event and earned $21,250 first-prize money after defeating fourth-seeded Raúl Ramírez in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Brian Gottfried defeated Raúl Ramírez 7–5, 7–6", "title": "Finals" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Bob Lutz / Stan Smith defeated Arthur Ashe / John McEnroe 6–7, 7–5, 6–1", "title": "Finals" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andrew Pavlo, best known as Andy Pavlo, is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. He conducts research on database management systems and is especially interested in \"main memory systems, self-driving / autonomous architectures, transaction processing systems, and large-scale data analytics\". Pavlo is also a co-founder and CEO of OtterTune, a database startup that provides automatic database tuning services.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Pavlo went to Mt. Hebron High School.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Pavlo received a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science from Rochester Institute of Technology in 2005 and a Master of Science degree in 2006. He then went to Brown University, obtaining his second Master of Science degree in 2009. Supervised by Stanley Zdonik, Pavlo obtained his PhD in Computer Science from Brown with his dissertation On Scalable Transaction Execution in Partitioned Main Memory Database Management Systems, which won the 2014 SIGMOD Jim Gray Doctoral Dissertation Award.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Pavlo became an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University in 2013 and an Associate Professor in 2019.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In March 2020, Pavlo and his two PhD students Dana Van Aken and Bohan Zhang co-founded OtterTune, a company focused on automatically optimizing cloud databases. He has been the company's CEO in additional to his professorship at Carnegie Mellon University. OtterTune launched in May 2021 and, in 2022, raised 12 million dollars in its series A round.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Pavlo received a Sloan Research Fellowship in 2018 and a NSF CAREER Award in 2019. He has also received research grants from companies such as Google and Facebook.", "title": "Awards and recognitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Pavlo won the 2014 SIGMOD Jim Gray Doctoral Dissertation Award for his PhD dissertation On Scalable Transaction Execution in Partitioned Main Memory Database Management Systems. His PhD students Joy Arulraj and Huanchen Zhang received this award under his supervision in 2019 and 2021, respectively.", "title": "Awards and recognitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Icilio Zuliani (29 October 1909 – 9 May 1945) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a forward in Serie B and Serie C for Fiumana.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A noted anti-fascist, Zuliani collaborated with partisans during the Second World War. He was arrested in April 1944 and jailed in Trieste before being moved to the Dachau concentration camp. In December, he was moved to Buchenwald concentration camp, where he was imprisoned until liberation in April 1945. However, weakened by dysentery, Zuliani died on 9 May 1945, the day after the German surrender.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yanyong Zhang (Chinese: 张燕咏) is a Chinese computer scientist whose interests include the security and privacy of wireless sensor networks, edge computing, and the internet of things. She is a professor in the School of Computer Science at the University of Science and Technology of China.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Zhang was an undergraduate at the University of Science and Technology of China, where she earned a bachelor's degree in computer science in 1997. She went to the Pennsylvania State University for graduate study in computer science and engineering, completing her Ph.D. there in 2002. Her doctoral dissertation, Scheduling and Resource Management for Next Generation Clusters, was supervised by Anand Sivasubramaniam.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She joined the Rutgers University Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering as an assistant professor in 2002, and was promoted to associate professor in 2008 and full professor in 2015, before returning to the University of Science and Technology of China as a professor in 2018. Her students at Rutgers included Wenyuan Xu.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Zhang was named as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2018 class of fellows, \"for contributions to robust and efficient large-scale sensor networks\".", "title": "Recognition" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is an incomplete list of cricketers who played for the former Hindus team in first-class matches. Hindus was an active team in Bombay for forty years from 1906 to 1946, and took part in the annual Bombay Tournament. Seasons given are the first and last in which each player represented Hindus, but they may not have played in all the interim seasons and many played for other senior teams besides Hindus. Players in bold played international cricket.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "† Names followed by the dagger symbol are the players who took part in Hindus' inaugural first-class match on 8–10 February 1906.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Last updated 28 December 2023.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Goryō Eji (御陵衛士, Guards of Emperor's Tomb) was a significant group that emerged in Japan during the 1860s. This historical entity played a notable role in the tumultuous period marking the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the beginning of the Meiji Restoration.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Goryō Eji was formed in March 1867, following the death of Emperor Komei. Ito Kashitaro, a key figure who separated from the Shinsengumi, a group guarding Kyoto during the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate, initiated the formation of this group. The primary purpose of the Goryō Eji was to protect the imperial palace of Emperor Komei and later extended to include broader political objectives.", "title": "Formation and purpose" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "One of the pivotal events involving the Goryō Eji was the assassination of Ito Kashitaro. On December 13, 1867, members of the Shinsengumi assassinated Ito, leading to a significant confrontation between the two groups. This incident, known as the Incident at Aburano Koji, was a turning point, after which the Goryō Eji faced challenges to its existence and objectives.", "title": "Key events and incidents" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Goryō Eji attracted members primarily from the Shinsengumi, sharing similar aims. Key members included Ito Kashitaro's younger brother, Mikisaburo Suzuki, Tainoshin Shinohara, Tōdō Heisuke, and several others, totaling 15 in all. The group was ideologically divided between Kinno-Tobaku (loyal to the emperor and aiming to overthrow the shogunate) and Sabaku (supporters of the Bakufu, the shogunate government).", "title": "Membership and ideology" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The assassination of Ito and subsequent events led to the dissolution of the Goryō Eji. The surviving members joined the Sekihotai Army, forming its second unit. The Goryō Eji's activities, although short-lived, were part of the broader political and military struggles of the period, significantly influencing the transition from the Edo period to the Meiji Restoration.", "title": "End and legacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 World Series of Poker (WSOP) will be the 55th edition of the World Series of Poker, an annual series of poker tournaments. It will be held from May 28-July 17 at the Horseshoe Las Vegas and Paris Las Vegas in Las Vegas, Nevada. The $10,000 No-Limit Hold'em Main Event begins on July 3, with the champion being determined on July 17.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The full schedule of events is expected to be announced in early 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Four referendums will take place in Liechtenstein in 2024, three on 21 January 2024 and one on 25 February 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jim Breaks (1940 – 25 December 2023) was an English professional wrestler.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jim Breaks was born in Bradford in 1940. Throughout his career he won the British Welterweight Championship eight times, and the British Lightweight Championship nine times.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Breaks was found not competent to stand trial for the 2017 murder of his ex-partner Donna Cowley. He died in Gran Canaria on 25 December 2023, at the age of 83.", "title": "Life and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "First Secretaries of the Communist Party of Turkmenistan", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1985 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 88th staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kinnitty entered the championship as the defending champions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The final was played on 13 October 1985 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Kinnitty and Seir Kieran, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Kinnitty won the match by 3-18 to 2-08 to claim their ninth championship title overall and a third successive title.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Arthur Cyril Greenfield (5 March 1887 – 9 October 1966) was an English first-class cricketer and an officer in the British Army.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The son of J. H. Greenfield, he was born at Wandsworth in March 1887. He was educated at Lancing College. After leaving Lancing, he went to British India at work for David Sassoon & Co. in Karachi. During the First World War, he was commissioned into the British Indian Army Reserve of Officers as a second lieutenant in January 1915, with promotion to lieutenant following in January 1916. Toward the of the war, he was made a temporary captain in May 1918, and a temporary major in September of the same year, while commanding an Imperial Service Unit in the 4th Gwalior Imperial Service Infantry. Following the war, he was promoted to the full rank of captain in January 1919.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Whilst in India, Greenfield made three appearances in first-class cricket for the Europeans cricket team. Two of these came in the 1921–22 and 1922–23 Bombay Quadrangular Tournament against the Hindus and the Parsees, with his third match coming against the touring Marylebone Cricket Club at Karachi. In these, he scored 57 runs at an average of 14.15, with a highest score of 31. He later retired to England, where he died in October 1966 at the Kent and Sussex Hospital following a short illness; he was survived by his widow and two sons.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "LaDarius or La'Darius is a masculine given name which may either be a combination of the element la and the name Darius, or a combination of the Greek word lados and the Latin word arius, which means 'princely' or 'noble'.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Notable people with the given name include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Supranational elections scheduled to be held in 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zonja Elizabeth Wallen-Lawrence (September 17, 1892 – January 28, 1986) was a Swedish-born American biochemist, college professor, and nutritionist. She worked for the United States Department of Agriculture in the 1920s, and was a chemistry professor at Vassar College and Mount Holyoke College.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Wallén was born in Stockholm, the daughter of Carl Wilhelm Wallén and Eva Charlotta Andersdotter Wallén. She moved to the United States in 1903, with her family. She graduated from the University of Chicago in 1915, and earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry there in 1936. For the 1927–1928 academic year, she held a fellowship from the Evaporated Milk Association to do research at the University of Chicago.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Wallen taught chemistry at the University of Chicago from 1916 to 1918. From 1917 to 1920 and from 1922 to 1923, she taught chemistry at Vassar College. She taught at Mount Holyoke College from 1918 to 1920.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Walle-Lawrence and her husband lived on the Gila River Indian Reservation from 1920 to 1921, as employees of the Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department of Agriculture. They collected handmade baskets and other artifacts during their time at Gila River, some of which are now in the collection of the National Museum of the American Indian.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During World War II, Wallen-Lawrence taught public nutrition classes for the American Red Cross at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. After the war, she was a member of the executive committee of the St. Louis Consumer Federation, and the Fight Inflation Committee of Greater St. Louis, and active in the American Association of University Women (AAUW). She consulted on campaigns for dairy inspection and bread enrichment. \"We have such a tremendous fund of knowledge, which doesn't which doesn't do much good until it is in the hands of the layman, or more specifically the housewife, and is understood by everyone,\" she explained in 1950, about her nutrition education work.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In the 1920s and 1930s, while Wallen-Lawrence was an academic biochemist, she published her research in professional journals including Journal of Agricultural Research, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Experimental Biology and Medicine.", "title": "Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Wallen married physician and medical researcher John Vincent Lawrence in 1920. Her husband died in 1960, and she died in 1986, at the age of 93, in Washington, D.C.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kent Stermon (1972—2022) was a Florida businessman and Republican activist. He was a political associate and friend of Ron DeSantis, who appointed Stermon to the Florida Board of Governors in 2019. He died by suicide following sexual misconduct allegations.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kent Stermon was born in Collinsville, Illinois, on January 24, 1972. He received his bachelor's degree in finance from Georgia State University. Stermon's college roommate was former Florida representative Travis Cummings.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Stermon cultivated relationships with members of the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office (JSO). He was given badges allowing him access to the JSO headquarters by three consecutive Republican sheriffs, beginning with current congressman John Rutherford in 2013. He was particularly close with Chief Mike Williams, another of the sheriffs who renewed his access to the JSO headquarters.", "title": "Jacksonville politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the weeks before his death, Stermon's access to JSO facilities became a public controversy. It was learned that Stermon had used his badges more than 700 times—far more frequently than any others with JSO headquarter access—including multiple accesses after normal business hours. Current Jacksonville Sheriff T.K. Waters no longer allows “special access to individuals outside of the need for official business.” Stermon was also an ally of Jacksonville Mayor Lenny Curry. In a since-deleted tweet in December 2022, Mayor Curry defended Stermon against local lawyer John Phillips, who tweeted about potential changes to Stermon's badge access to JSO headquarters. Curry called Phillips a ‘media [expletive] with no compass’ and told him to ‘pound sand, chump,’ saying that he felt ‘compelled to reply’ since Phillips mentioned ‘[his] friend, Kent.’ Phillips also owns the Jacksonville-based publication Folio Weekly, which published a piece critical of Stermon and sheriff Mike Williams in June 2022.", "title": "Jacksonville politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Stermon was a member of the host committee of the 2020 Republican National Convention.", "title": "Jacksonville politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2019, Florida Trend listed Stermon as one of six individuals in DeSantis’ inner circle, along with Casey DeSantis, Matt Gaetz, Richard Corcoran, Byron Donalds, and Susie Wiles, calling him \"one of DeSantis' closest friends\". Stermon's citation in a 2020 listing of the most influential people in Florida politics read \"It's good to be the governor's bestie\".", "title": "Relationship with Ron DeSantis" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Of the $140,000 Stermon has spent in political contributions in the state of Florida, more than $60,000 has gone to Ron DeSantis's political operations. He is considered the most high-profile of DeSantis's longtime donors. Stermon \"told the Times/Herald that he and DeSantis became friends through mutual social circles in Jacksonville nearly 10 years ago, before DeSantis ran for Congress, and he's since helped DeSantis' campaigns as a 'labor of love'\".", "title": "Relationship with Ron DeSantis" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "From July to November 2016, when DeSantis needed to change residency due to federal congressional redistricting, he rented a Flagler Beach condo owned by Stermon. After DeSantis announced his campaign for governor, Stermon hosted an early fundraiser and was appointed to his transition team. In October 2019, Casey DeSantis took a controversial trip from Tallahassee to Jacksonville by private jet to attend a Republican party fundraiser hosted by Stermon’s company, TMM.", "title": "Relationship with Ron DeSantis" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 2019, Governor DeSantis appointed Stermon to the Florida Board of Governors, which oversees the state university system.", "title": "Relationship with Ron DeSantis" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In November 2022, Stermon engaged in a sextortion scheme, offering a young family friend backstage access to Taylor Swift in exchange for nude photos. On November 18, 2022, the victim went to Stermon's office, where he detained her and demanded favors. On November 29, 2022, Stermon met with the victim and her father at Panera. Following a confrontation, Stermon fled, and police were informed.", "title": "Sexual misconduct allegations" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The State Attorney's office released its report in September 2023. It concludes that Stermon \"would have been charged with the criminal offenses of solicitation for prostitution, false imprisonment, theft by false pretenses, unlawful use of a two-way communications device and obtaining by false representation\".", "title": "Sexual misconduct allegations" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "On Thursday, December 8, 2022, Stermon died by suicide. He shot himself in his truck at the Atlantic Beach post office. He left a suicide note. Earlier in the week, he had been hospitalized for a stroke.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Grunwald Square (Polish: Plac Grunwaldzki) is an urban square in Warsaw, Poland. It is located in the district of Żoliborz, at the crossing of Broniewskiego Street, Jana Pawła II Avenue, Popiełuszki Street, Wojska Polskiego Avenue, and Matysiakówny Street.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The square was named in 1926 after the village of Grunwald, Warmian–Masurian in Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, which on 15 July 1410, was the site of the Battle of Grunwald, that ended in a decisive Polish–Lithuanian victory.", "title": "Name" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Grunwald Square was designed between 1920 and 1922, as part of planning road system near the Warsaw Citadel. Its authors were Antoni Jawornicki and Józef Jankowski. It was originally envisioned as a half-circle with five-way crossing of newly planned streets, then named Marynarki, Lotnictwa, Kawalerii, and Artylerii. The square and nearby roads begun being constructed in the 1930s, however the works on the project were halted before its full complition.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 14 August 1998, at the square was unvailed the Monument to the Ministry Endeavour of Polish Americans. It was proposed by the Polish Army Veterans' Association in America, and made by Baltazar Brukalski and Andrzej Pityński. It was dedicated to the Polish American and Polish Canadian who served in the Blue Army during the First World War, the Polish–Ukrainian War, and the Polish–Soviet War.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Grunwald Square is located at the crossing of Broniewskiego Street, Jana Pawła II Avenue, Popiełuszki Street, Wojska Polskiego Avenue, and Matysiakówny Street.", "title": "Characteristics" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "At the square is located the Monument to the Military Endeavour of Polish Americans made by Baltazar Brukalski and Andrzej Pityński. It is dedicated to the Polish American and Polish Canadian soldeirs who served in the Blue Army during the First World War, the Polish–Ukrainian War, and the Polish–Soviet War.", "title": "Characteristics" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Calicium corynellum is a species of pin lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It is found scattered across parts of Europe, North America, and Asia, where it grows on rock surfaces in shaded and humid locations.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The species was first formally described by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius as Lichen corynellus. He transferred it to the genus Calicium in 1803. Edvard August Vainio proposed a new genus for it, Caliciella, in 1927. Leif Tibell documented Acharius' type specimens and designated a lectotype from this material in 1987. Historically, there were uncertainties as to whether the species was a lichen, or a lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The classification of Calicium corynellum as a distinct species was confirmed in 2020. Researchers conducted a study to investigate its taxonomic status, given previous uncertainties surrounding its identity. A molecular phylogenetics analysis based on nuclear rDNA sequences from a broader sample size underscored the genetic difference between C. corynellum and C. viride. The study thus consolidated C. corynellum as a distinct species in the Caliciaceae, in spite of its resemblance to C. viride.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Calicium corynellum has specific morphological characteristics that set it apart from Calicium viride. The ascomata (fruiting bodies) of C. corynellum, are greyish white and has shorter stalks. It has narrow spores, a feature distinct from C. viride, which are broader. The thallus (the vegetative tissue of lichens) of C. corynellum is of a leprose type, contrasting the granular to verrucose thallus of C. viride.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In terms of chemical components, C. corynellum contains rhizocarpic and usnic acids. Although C. viride also contains rhizocarpic acid, it features epanorin instead of usnic acid. However, the concentration of these acids varies significantly in both species, making this factor less reliable for distinguishing between them.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Found scattered across parts of Europe, North America, and Asia, Calicium corynellum prefers specific environmental conditions. Unlike most calicioid lichens, C. corynellum favours rock surfaces, primarily siliceous rocks, found in shaded and humid locations. This preference for rocky habitats differentiates it from many others in the same genus that grow on trees or soil.", "title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Much like other lichen species, Calicium corynellum is integral to the ecosystems it inhabits. As a primary coloniser, it plays a role in soil formation by breaking down rock surfaces and incorporating organic matter into the mineral substrate. Its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen also enriches the nutrient content of the surrounding environment.", "title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Lichens such as C. corynellum can indicate environmental health and air quality, as they are highly sensitive to air pollutants. By monitoring its presence or absence of these sensitive species, scientists can gauge the level of pollutants and inform environmental policies.", "title": "Habitat, distribution, and ecology" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bankrupting the Enemy: The U.S. Financial Siege of Japan Before Pearl Harbor is a 2007 economic history book by Edward S. Miller.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In Bankrupting the Enemy, Miller argues that economic sanctions held against Japan in response to the invasion of Manchuria and Second Sino-Japanese War, and the freezing of assets critical to the Japanese economy, forced them to declare war on the United States. It is the first book to be released that specifically focuses on the financial embargo of Japan, which Miller argues was the most critical aspect that pushed Japan towards attacking Pearl Harbor. The book argues that while President Franklin D. Roosevelt enacted policy to \"bring Japan to its senses, not its knees\", this goal was intercepted by bureaucrats who prevented Japan from buying any resources necessary for its economic survival.", "title": "Content" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Strategic Studies Quarterly stated that \"books about finance, international trade, and economic analysis usually do not end up in the collections of many military professionals; Bankrupting the Enemy should\", and gave praise to its research and \"easy-to-read style\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Enterprise & Society was more positive, calling it a \"fascinating and exceptionally presented book\", and said that \"the content is detailed and factual, but Miller's cleanly written narrative retains its interest and pace throughout.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Financial History Review gave praise to Bankrupting the Enemy, saying \"this is a great book, and it will be of interest to researchers and laymen, and everybody interested in the origins of the Pacific War, Japanese economic history and US policy history\", however they noted that some aspects of the book, such as its elaborate descriptions of production processes, would not be of interest to all readers. They also lamented a lack of Japanese primary sources, as did The Journal of Economic History, who further criticised its dry tone, saying that it \"reads as if a wartime bean counter were painstakingly describing the input-output matrix for the entire Japanese wartime economy\", and went on to suggest that a cliometric analysis of the impacts of the economic sanctions would have improved the book.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Halgaitosaurus is an extinct genus of araeoscelidian reptile from the late Pennsylvanian of Utah. It contains a single species, Halgaitosaurus gregarius, which is known from the \"Virgilian\" (Gzhelian)-age Halgaito Formation in Bears Ears National Monument. The fossils of Halgaitosaurus include a number of partial skeletons and isolated bones discovered in blocks of siltstone collected from the Birthday Quarry, a multi-taxon bonebed in Valley of the Gods. Halgaitosaurus makes up about 55% of the fossil material in the 20 blocks recovered from the site. Its fossils show a wide range of body sizes, and their preservation in close company may indicate that it was a gregarious animal, hence the species name.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Halgaitosaurus shows many features in common with araeoscelidians. The cervical (neck) vertebrae are elongated, and all vertebrae in front of the hip have a midline keel on the underside. Moreover, the front edge of the scapula slants backwards, the limbs are long and roughly equal in length, and the femur is much thicker than the humerus. The coracoid has a prominent thumb-like attachment point for the triceps muscle, a trait shared by Araeoscelis. There were eight cervical vertebrae, less than Araeoscelis (9) but more than Petrolacosaurus (6). The maxilla has about 25 teeth, more than Araeoscelis (19) but less than Petrolacosaurus (35). The fourth and fifth teeth in the maxilla are caniform (enlarged and fang-like), while teeth 10-18 are also slightly larger than adjacent parts of the tooth row.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The frontals are similar to Araeoscelis, meeting together as a V-shaped projection wedging between the nasals. Unlike Araeoscelis, Halgaitosaurus may have had two temporal fenestrae. Excavations on the edges of the postorbital and parietal strongly suggest the presence of an upper temporal fenestra, visble from above. Likewise, the postorbital is proportionally similar to Petrolaceosaurus and the jugal has a right-angled rear edge, both of which may indicate that it had a lower temporal fenestra on the side of the skull. The jugal barely meets the lower edge of the skull, in contrast to other araeoscelidians.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Grand Kyiv Ballet, also called Kyiv Grand Ballet or Kiev Grand Ballet, is an independent touring ballet company of Ukrainian ballet dancers from Kyiv temporarily operating from the International Ballet Academy in Bellevue, Washington, USA while in refuge from the Russian invasion of Ukraine.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Grand Kyiv Ballet was founded in 2014 by Oleksandr Stoianov, a premiere of the National Ballet of Ukraine, beginning with a French tour of 35 theaters, with a troupe consisting of approximately 35 performers..", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "This group includes dancers who have performed in the National Opera of Ukraine.. Stoianov is the founder, artistic director, and principal dancer of the group. Stoianov's wife, Katerina Kukhar, is a principal dancer of the National Opera of Ukraine, and of the Grand Kyiv Ballet.. Both Stoianov and Kukhar are graduates of the Kyiv State Choreographic College..", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kukhar said their family had been in Kyiv on February 24, 2022, and became refugees during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In December, 2023, Stoianov told media that many of the performers of the Grand Kyiv Ballet use the money they earn through their performances to support their families in Ukraine.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Grand Kyiv Ballet works to support ballet dancers from Ukraine find places to train around the world, estimating they have helped more than 200 ballet children.. In October, 2023, Kukhar expressed the importance of providing an opportunity for Ukrainian dancers to continue their careers following the destruction of many theaters in Ukraine, to share Ukrainian culture, and collecting funds to provide support to Kyiv State Ballet College.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2023, the Grand Kyiv Ballet's website listed their projects as:", "title": "Projects" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In January, 2023, the National Opera of Ukraine, based in Kyiv, issued a statement that independent companies with names similar to the Grand Kyiv Ballet are not official affiliates of the National Opera of Ukraine.", "title": "National Opera of Ukraine statement" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The National Opera of Ukraine's statement also references the similarly-named independent ballet company, Kyiv City Ballet, a different ballet company founded in 2012 by Ivan Kozlov, (with the similarly-named Kyiv City Ballet's website in 2023 itself containing a similar advisement to \"beware of imitations\").", "title": "National Opera of Ukraine statement" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In their statement, the National Opera of Ukraine emphasized their disagreement over performances of Russian composer Tchaikovsky's works, the Nutcracker and Swan Lake, during Russia's invasion of Ukraine. This opinion is not universally shared in the Ukrainian music community, with others emphasizing Tchaikovsky's connection to Ukraine including Tchaikovsky's Ukrainian heritage, Ukrainian influences on Tchaikovsky's music, and Tchaikovsky's time spent in Ukraine.", "title": "National Opera of Ukraine statement" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andy Snitzer (born November 28, 1962) is an American saxophonist, composer, and arranger. He is known for his work as a session musician with numerous famous artists, including Paul Simon, Aretha Franklin, Sting, The Rolling Stones, and Chaka Khan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Snitzer was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Rochester, New York. He began playing the saxophone at a young age and attended the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, where he studied with Ramon Ricker.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After moving to New York City, Snitzer pursued a career as a session musician and composer. He provided the saxophone solo in Boy Meets Girl's 1988 hit \"Waiting for a Star to Fall\". He has contributed to numerous film and television soundtracks, including The Firm, The Prince of Tides, The Manchurian Candidate, and Law & Order. Snitzer has also been involved in several Broadway productions, including The Lion King and The Producers. Snitzer has released several albums as a solo artist, including Ties That Bind, In the Eye of the Storm, Some Quiet Place, and Traveler. His music is a blend of contemporary jazz, pop, and R&B. Ties That Bind received critical acclaim for its \"sensuous melodies and rich harmonies\" and was described as \"one of the most enjoyable smooth jazz albums of the year\" by JazzTimes. Snitzer has also collaborated with other artists, including David Sanborn, Bob James, and Eric Marienthal. He has written music for television commercials and produced his own music for several artists. Snitzer won the Grammy for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album at the 60th Grammy Awards as part of the Jeff Lorber Fusion.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The following lists events during 2013 in the Republic of the Sudan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Source:", "title": "Holidays" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michelle Meagher is a British lawyer, author and campaigner. Meagher is advocating for an overhaul of competition policy away from the Chicago School antitrust consumer-centered paradigm.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Meagher was born in the UK. She is British of Bangladeshi origin. Her parents wanted her to become a medical doctor. Meagher chose instead to study Philosophy, politics and economics at Oxford University and competition law at Georgetown University.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After her studies she worked for competition law firms.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2013, Meagher was emotionally affected by the Rana Plaza tragedy, in which an eight-story commercial building collapsed in the Bangladesh capital Dhaka, killing over 1,100 people, principally garment factories workers. Meagher's maternal family came from Dhanmondi area of Dhaka, situated close to the district where Rana Plaza was once located and Meagher identified with the victims of the tragedy.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "As an M&A lawyer facilitating mergers between large companies, Meagher was confronted with a crisis of consciousness. She saw irresponsible corporate governance structures resulting from unfettered competition for profits as the ultimate reason behind the Rana Plaza tragedy. Consequently, Meagher quit her job with a renowned multinational law firm.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2020, Meagher published the book Competition is Killing Us, in which she argues for a redesign of competition law to control the power of Big Tech.", "title": "Anti-monopoly work" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Meagher repeatedly denounced the concentration of corporate power, regulatory intervention to rebalance the interests of shareholders with the interests of citizens, such as mandatory sharing of anonymized data by Big Tech companies with their smaller competitors.", "title": "Anti-monopoly work" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 2021, Meagher co-founded the European anti-monopoly organisation Balanced Economy Project, with the journalist Nicholas Shaxson.", "title": "Anti-monopoly work" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Meagher is a senior policy fellow at the Centre for Law, Economics and Society, University College London (UCL). Meagher's contribution to the anti-monopoly movement has been likened to Lina Khan in the US, among other antitrust legal scholars.", "title": "Anti-monopoly work" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Wurtsmith Air Museum is an aviation museum located at Oscoda–Wurtsmith Airport in Oscoda, Michigan focused on the history of Wurtsmith Air Force Base and aviation in northeastern Michigan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Following the end of the Cold War, the U.S. Air Force announced the closure of a number of air force bases in Michigan. This led to efforts to found aviation museums at the former bases such as the K. I. Sawyer Heritage Air Museum. A group at Wurtsmith Air Force Base partnered with the Yankee Air Force to establish as the Wurtsmith Division on 8 December 1993. It opened in 1997 in three hangars at the base.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "By July 2012, the museum had separated from the Yankee Air Force and become the Wurtsmith Air Museum.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The museum opened three new exhibits in 2023.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Exhibits at the museum cover subjects such as women in aviation, General Paul Wurtsmith, 920th Air Refueling Squadron, the Army Air Service and a Link Trainer.", "title": "Exhibits" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Olavo de Souza Flores (4 August 1931 – 6 August 2013), better known as Sarará, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a midfielder.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Porto Alegre, he played for GS Força e Luz, EC Cruzeiro and Grêmio, where he began his professional career. In 1955 he transferred to São Paulo, where he was part of the state champion squad in 1957, under the command of Béla Guttmann. Sarará played in the grand final replacing an injured Dino Sani. He also played for América Mineiro, Sport Recife as well as clubs in the interior of São Paulo. After retiring, he worked as an accountant.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Template:Infobox - politikLeo Freundlich (April 23, 1875 - February 12, 1953) was an Austrian and Czech journalist and politician of German nationality and Jewish origin, in the early 20th century a social democratic member of the Imperial Council, in the interwar period the diplomatic representative of Albania in Austria.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born in Bielsko-Biała, Galicia, in a Jewish family. He was active in the socialist movement from a young age. He worked as an editor of the workers' press in Ústí nad Labem. Here he met his future wife, Emmy Freundlich (1878–1848), the daughter of the former mayor of Ústí Kögler. They married in Scotland in 1900 and moved to Šumperk. Both spouses were publicly and politically active. They participated in the establishment of a consumer cooperative. Leo Freundlich published the leftist paper Volkswacht. He was imprisoned for three weeks for verbal attacks on the Catholic Church.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At the beginning of the century, he became involved in national politics. In the elections to the Imperial Council in 1907, held for the first time under universal and equal suffrage, he won a mandate in the Imperial Council (national legislature) for the German electoral district of Morava 16. He joined the parliamentary faction of the Social Democratic Party of Austria. He introduces himself professionally as editor-in-chief.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Shortly after his departure from the Reichstag, Leo Freundlich divorced his wife Emma, who then permanently profiled herself as a prominent figure in the Austrian labor movement and cooperatives. In 1911–1912, Leo Freundlich dealt extensively with the Albanian question in Vienna. He published a set of analyses on Albanian ethnicity and spoke sympathetically of Albanian national aspirations. Most notably, his book Albania's Golgotha in 1913 presented a series of reports on the massacres of Albanians by Serbian troops during the Balkan Wars.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the interwar period, Freundlich worked in Vienna as Albania's press secretary. Ahmet Zogu chose him for this position. He was even involved in the unsuccessful selection of a wife for the Albanian ruler, and in the 1930s he lobbied for Albanian business interests in Central Europe. He lived in Vienna until August 1938, but due to escalating racial persecution in Nazi Germany, he moved to Switzerland, where he worked in the Albanian representation at the League of Nations in Geneva. He remained here even during the World War, when he lived in poor conditions and was financially supported by his two daughters who lived in New York. When the Communists took power in Albania after the war, he tried unsuccessfully to appeal to the Deputy Prime Minister, Koçi Xoxe, with the wish to become the Albanian Honorary Consul in Vienna. He died in 1953 near Geneva.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Orazgeldi Aydogdyev (Cyrillic: Оразгельды Айдогдыев) is a Turkmen politician and former Vice President of Turkmenistan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Aydogdyev was born in 1948 in Mary Region. He graduated from the Turkmen State University in 1971, and from the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in 1980.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Aydogdyev was a head of department in Mary regional committee of the Communist Party of Turkmenistan from 1980 to 1991. He was the deputy chairman of the People's Deputies in the Mary Regional Council from 1991 to 1992.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In June 1992 Aydogdyev was appointed as Vice President of Turkmenistan, and he was responsible for overseeing media. He was removed as vice president in April 2001. He had been the minister of culture since 1995, and was fired from that position for shortcomings in November 2003.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Frances Coombe (born 1992 or 1993) is a Canadian model.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Coombe grew up in Toronto alongside his sister and brother. At age five, he became a vegetarian. His extracurriculars included dance and music. He was interested in fashion and arts from a young age, but hadn't considered modeling as a career until he was scouted.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Coombe was scouted by Elite Toronto in the 10th grade.", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Coombe began modeling in Toronto in late 2009. In 2010, he won the P&G Beauty and Grooming Award for Best New Face. He began modeling for Muse Model Management in 2011.", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In fall 2013, Coombe modeled in Milan for the first time, where he walked in runway shows for Alberta Ferretti, Bottega Veneta, Just Cavalli, and Moschino. In 2015 and 2017, Coombe walked the runway for Gucci.", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Coombe has appeared in Elle Canada, Glamour Italia, Harper’s Bazaar, L'Officiel Malaysia, Vogue Germany, Vogue Italia, Vogue Ukraine, and Vogue UK. He has worked on ad campaigns for Fleur du Mal, Red Valentino, and Norma Kamali. He has also paticipated in runway shows for Carolina Herrera and Viktor & Rolf.", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2023, Coombe filed a lawsuit against Muse Model Management, saying that after coming out as non binary to the company in October 2021, he had been subject to a hostile work environment. Muse told Coombe they would continue to treat him as a woman in the modelling realm. During a photoshoot in 2021, which Coombe had arranged in order to remarket himself as an androgynous model, Muse \"insisted that [Coombe] wear women’s clothing, i.e., a bikini, and refused to permit him to wear men’s boxer briefs or men’s shoes,\" according to the lawsuit. After coming out to the company in 2022 as a transgender man, Coombe says he was removed from Muse's website without notice and was told in a meeting with the company that they would not allow him to work as a male model, saying he was \"insufficiently masculine\".", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Coombe has since found work with another company.", "title": "Modeling career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Coombe moved to New York at age 18, and lived on the Upper East Side as of 2014.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In 2022, Coombe came out as a gay trans man, after previously identifying as non-binary. He began HRT in January 2022.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Coombe is of partial Scottish descent.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "National Puzzle Day is an American observance that occurs January 29 every year.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This observance began in January 2002. It was created by Jodi Jill, a puzzle enthusiast.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Some people observe National Puzzle Day by playing various types of puzzles, or going to various puzzle events. During the month of January, some puzzles are given away to educators or offered at reduced price promotions. Some libraries run puzzle swaps as an event on this day and sell puzzles with the donating proceeds of puzzle sales to benefit various organizations or charities.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Nicholls Colonels softball team will represent Nicholls State University during the 2024 NCAA Division I softball season. The Colonels play their home games at Swanner Field at Geo Surfaces Park and are led by third-year head coach Justin Lewis. They are members of the Southland Conference.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "UK parliamentary caucuses are political organisations in the House of Commons", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Conservative Party (UK) (350)", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Labour Party (UK) (198)", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Liberal Democrats (UK) (15)", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Scott Dyk is an American politician serving as a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives from the 23rd district, alongisde Nico Rios.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mira Sintra-Meleças Station (Portuguese: Estação Ferroviária de Mira Sintra-Meleças) is a railway station located in the city of Sintra, Portugal. It is served by the Linha do Oeste and a spur of the Sintra Line. It is operated by Lisbon CP and managed by Infraestruturas de Portugal.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The station is located between various towns and municipalities, and serves much of the surrounding area.", "title": "Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Regional and InterRegional services stop at Mira Sintra-Meleças Station roughly eight times daily in each direction.", "title": "Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Urban trains stop at Mira Sintra-Meleças Station at approximately 1-hour intervals on weekends and off-peak periods on weekdays. During peak periods, trains stop at Agualva-Cacém Station at approximately 30-minute intervals.", "title": "Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A pharmacy is located inside the station, and bus service is provided by a loop on the east side of the station.", "title": "Station layout" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Mira Sintra-Meleças Station is composed of two island platforms serving four tracks.", "title": "Station layout" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Although the section of the Linha do Oeste that the station lies on entered service on 21 May 1887, the station only opened on 29 November 2004, over a century later. Plans to create a proper station in the area formed in the 1990s. The station was built to replace the Meleças halt that had previously served the area.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" (Italian: Gruppo Artiglieria da Montagna \"Agordo\") is an inactive mountain artillery group of the Italian Army, which was based in Bassano del Grappa in Veneto. The group consisted of batteries formed in 1913 in Libya. The batteries were reformed during World War II and assigned to the Alpine Artillery Group \"Val Tagliamento\", which was assigned in 1943 to the 6th Alpine Artillery Regiment (Italy). The Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" was formed in 1953 and assigned to the 6th Mountain Artillery Regiment of the Alpine Brigade \"Cadore\". In 1975 the group became an autonomous unit and was granted a flag and coat of arms. After the end of the Cold War the group was disbanded in 1991.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Italian mountain artillery has served since its inception alongside the infantry's Alpini speciality, with whom the mountain artillery shares the distinctive Cappello Alpino. The regimental anniversary falls, as for all artillery regiments, on June 15, the beginning of the Second Battle of the Piave River in 1918.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1913 three Royal Italian Army batteries with 70/15 cannons deployed in recently conquered Libya were renumbered and renamed as 41st, 42nd, and 43rd mountain artillery batteries. During World War I the three batteries remained in Libya on occupation duty and were disbanded in 1919 after the war.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1939 the depot of the 3rd Alpine Artillery Regiment \"Julia\" in Gorizia formed the Alpine Artillery Group \"Val Tagliamento\", which consisted of the 41st, 42nd, and 43rd batteries. The group was assigned to the I Alpine Valley Group, which was manned by reservists and sent in December 1940 to Albania for the Greco-Italian War. After the war the Alpine Artillery Group \"Val Tagliamento\" was transferred to Montenegro on occupation duty. In August 1942 the group returned to Italy and in November of the same year it participated in the Axis occupation of Vichy France. On 1 January 1943 the group was assigned to the 6th Alpine Artillery Regiment, which was tasked with coastal defense duties in Liguria. In August 1943 the Alpine Artillery Group \"Val Tagliamento\" left the regiment and was disbanded, with its personnel and materiel used to help reform the 3rd Alpine Artillery Regiment \"Julia\", which had been destroyed in January 1943 in the Soviet Union during Operation Little Saturn.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On 1 July 1953 the 6th Mountain Artillery Regiment was reformed in Belluno and was assigned to the Alpine Brigade \"Cadore\". The regiment included the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" with M30 107mm mortars, which had been named for the village of Agordo in the Cadore region. On 15 March 1955 the army's General Staff ordered that also groups with M30 107mm mortars should receive traditional mountain battery numbers and consequently the batteries of the Group \"Agordo\" received the numbers and traditions of the batteries of the alpine Artillery Group \"Val Tagliamento\". The group then consisted of the following units:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1956 the Group \"Agordo\" was equipped with Brandt AM-50 120mm mortars and in April 1957 the group moved to Feltre. On 6 January 1959 the regiment received 105/14 mod. 56 pack howitzers and each of the regiment's three groups now fielded two howitzer and one mortar battery:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In October 1963 the regiment was called up help mount the rescue operation and cleanup after the Vajont dam disaster. For its work and conduct in the aftermath of the disaster the regiment was awarded a Gold Medal of Civil Valour, which was affixed to the regiment's flag and is depicted on the regiment's coat of arms. On 1 April 1970 the group's mortar batteries was equipped with 105/14 mod. 56 pack howitzers.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "During the 1975 army reform the army disbanded the regimental level and newly independent battalions and groups were granted for the first time their own flags. On 15 September 1975 the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" in Feltre was disbanded. On 11 November the 6th Mountain Artillery Regiment was disbanded and the next day the Mountain Artillery Group \"Pieve di Cadore\" in Bassano del Grappa was renamed Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\". The group was assigned to the Alpine Brigade \"Cadore\" and consisted of a command, a command and services battery, and three batteries with 105/14 mod. 56 pack howitzers, with one of the batteries being mule-carried. At the time the group fielded 610 men (35 officers, 55 non-commissioned officers, and 520 soldiers).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 12 November 1976 the President of the Italian Republic Giovanni Leone issued decree 846, which granted the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" a new flag. On 1 October 1982 the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" was equipped with M114 155mm howitzers.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "After the end of the Cold War the Italian Army began to draw down its forces. In March 1991 the 42nd and 43rd batteries of the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" were disbanded, followed by the command of the group on 26 March. The same day the Mountain Artillery Group \"Lanzo\" moved from Belluno to Bassano del Grappa and incorporated the 41st Battery. On 10 April of the same year the flag of the Mountain Artillery Group \"Agordo\" was transferred to the Shrine of the Flags in the Vittoriano in Rome.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jenö Pataky (1914–1996) was a Hungarian stage, film and television actor. He played supporting roles in a number of Hungarian films.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Atta Charyyev (Cyrillic: Ата Чарыев) is a Turkmen politician and former Vice President of Turkmenistan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Charyyev was born in 1932. He graduated from Turkmen Agricultural Institute in 1955. He worked as an engineer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Charyyev was appointed as the first deputy chairman of the council of ministers of Turkmenistan from January to December 1991, and then as First Vice President from January 1992 to June 1992. He was responsible for economy and investment.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In June 1992 Charyyev was sent as ambassador to Iran. In 1994 he was recalled from Tehran, and forced into retirement.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1997 he critizized the government in Radio Liberty.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "MIR (formerly Mr. International Rubber) is a multi day convention and contest celebrating the rubber, kink, and BDSM communities. Established in 1997, MIR occurs annually in Illinois during the autumn, drawing participants and attendees from all over the world. Events include workshops, socials, dances, market, and the contest.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "MIR started in 1997 being hosted at the bar, Cell Block, and has been run every year since. In 2009 MIR contest moved to the Center on Halsted to account for larger crowds. In 2020 MIR 24 was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. MIR 27 in 2023 moved to a new location in Skokie, Illinois. At MIR 27 it was announced that the event would be gender inclusive and allow contestants of all genders to compete.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Below is a table of MIR contest winners.", "title": "MIR contest winners" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Peny Boone is an American football running back who last played for the Toledo Rockets. He previously played for the Maryland Terrapins.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Boone attended Martin Luther King High School in Detroit, Michigan. As a junior, Boone rushed for 773 yards and eight touchdowns. He finished his junior year rushing for 111 yards in the state title game, leading Martin Luther King to a state title. A four-star recruit, he committed to play college football at the University of Maryland, College Park over offers from Purdue, Indiana, and Tennessee.", "title": "High school career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After playing sparingly at Maryland for two seasons, only rushing the ball a total of 58 times, Boone entered the transfer portal.", "title": "College career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After transferring to Toledo, Boone rushed for 418 yards and three touchdowns in 2022. The following season, he rushed for 1,400 yards and 15 touchdowns, being named the MAC Offensive Player of the Year. Against Western Michigan, Boone rushed for a career-high 211 yards and two touchdowns in a 49–31 victory. On December 26, 2023, Boone announced his decision to enter the transfer portal for a second time.", "title": "College career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Boone is the younger brother of late NFL running back Zurlon Tipton.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Johnny Kung Fu is a platformer developed and published by UFO Interactive Games for Nintendo 3DS' now-defunct Nintendo eShop in 2012. It is the first game in the Johnny series.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The game received \"unfavorable\" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nymphaea × daubenyana is a species of waterlily endemic to Chad, but has been introduced to Florida, USA. It is a natural hybrid of Nymphaea micrantha and Nymphaea nouchali var. caerulea.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It has a tuberous rhizome. The cordate, elliptical-roundish, 30 cm wide leaves have an entire margin. The adaxial surface is coloured brightly green with red marks. The abaxial leaf surface is pale - brownish red. Proliferating tissue is found on the leaf blade above the attachment point of the petiole.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The blue flowers are 10 cm wide. The narrow petals have an acute apex. The ovules are bitegmic and anatropous. The flowers are fragrant.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A chromosome count of 89 or 87 chromosomes has been reported.", "title": "Cytology" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Vegetative reproduction through foliar proliferation occurs in Nymphaea × daubenyana.", "title": "Reproduction" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "It was first described by W.T.Baxter ex Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny (1795-1867) in 1864.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Brachyceras.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "It is named after Professor Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny.", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It is suited for cultivation in small ponds, containers, and aquaria. It is a fast growing and floriferous species. Despite being a tropical waterlily, it is relatively cold-tolerant.", "title": "Cultivation" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Suite mignonne, Op. 98a, is a three-movement concert suite for two flutes and string orchestra written in 1922 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Suite champêtre, Op. 98b, is a three-movement concert suite for string orchestra written in 1921 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Suite caractéristique, Op. 100, is a three-movement concert suite for harp and string orchestra written in 1922 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tokay Rhapsody (Hungarian: Tokaji rapszódia) is a 1937 Hungarian comedy film directed by Johann von Vásáry and starring Ági Donáth, Blanka Szombathelyi and Árpád Lehotay. It was shot at Hunnia Studios in Budapest and on location around Lake Balaton. The film's sets were designed by the art director Márton Vincze.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Lachish ewer is an artifact as important as pithos A from Kuntillet Ajrud and the cultic stand from Ta'anach. The jar shows an example of how the tree and pubic triangle can be synonymous or interchangeable; author mentions five others. The common goats flanking a tree motif is known from very early examples, like old Babylonian Akkadian, on. During this era they symbolize the goddess Asherah.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The jug was discovered at Tell ed-Duweir, identified as the site of the ancient city of Lachish, one of the most important cities in the Kingdom of Judah. It is one of the most common points of reference to demonstrate the development of the Semitic or early Hebrew script as well as Judean art and Canaanite religion.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Elat_jug_of_Lachish - additional photos", "title": "External" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Australian Nouveau Theatre, also known as the Anthill Theatre, was a Melbourne-based theatre company under the direction of Jean-Pierre Mignon. Operating from 1980 to 1994, it concentred on classic European drama, often in experimental productions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After early productions at La Mama and the Pram Factory, the Australian Nouveau Theatre took over the Temperance Hall in Napier Street, South Melbourne in 1981, renaming it the Anthill Theatre.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Its notable works include an innovative 1983 production of Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, a Molière triptych first performed in 1984, and Julie Forsyth's solo performance of Kid's Stuff by Raymond Cousse. Various Australian Nouveau Theatre productions toured Australia and were performed at major international arts festivals.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Australian Nouveau Theatre moved to the larger and newly developed Gasworks Theatre in 1992, before closing under funding pressure in 1994.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ella Dawn Jenkins (born 1988 or 1989), also known by her artist name EllaHarp, is an American harpist and singer. She first received attention in the 2010s, as a blogger in the tiny-house movement.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jenkins grew up in Malibu. At age 16, her family moved to Frazier Park, in Kern County, California. Her paternal grandfather was arranger and composer Gordon Jenkins.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At age 7, Jenkins began taking piano lessons, but she switched to harp at age 8 after discovering her love for the instrument.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Jenkins attended the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama, where she earned a bachelor’s degree in Scottish Music. While attending school, she sometimes busked in Glasgow to supplement her income.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the early 2010s, one of Jenkin's harps was destroyed when she checked it on a flight. She learned to play the banjo, a more easily transportable instrument, as she was worried about flying with a harp again. In mid-2016, Jenkins decided to design a harp specifically with airplane overhead luggage compartments in mind. Her smaller model has an aluminum frame, which allows strings to have more tension compared to a wooden frame; aluminum is also more durable and less at risk to temperature fluctuations than wood. Her model has only 29 strings, rather than the usual 30; she left out the high A string, as she rarely used it. Jenkins and her then-boyfriend began experimenting with several different models, and by 2022 the pair had made three aluminum harps, two of which Jenkins has flown with successfully. Jenkins has also built a banjo, which fits into a harp case.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Jenkins released her debut album, Who Asked you Back, in February 2018. Her goal with the album was to challenge listeners' perceptions of harp music, with some tracks having blues influences. Guitarist Sam Eigen guested on several of the album's tracks.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2021, Jenkins released her second album, Screaming into the Void. The titular track was released as a single in April 2020, and a music video for the song was released in September 2021.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In June 2023, she released her third album, Lost in January.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In the early 2010s, Jenkins was a blogger in the tiny-house movement. She also taught tiny house workshops throughout the United States while working for Tumbleweed Tiny House Company.", "title": "Tiny-house movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Jenkins built her tiny home over the course of a year, with her stepfather's help, in the driveway of her parents' house. She lived in her tiny house for about five years, at times with her boyfriend and dog. She moved out of her tiny house in 2017, saying her \"life goals...outgrew the tiny house\".", "title": "Tiny-house movement" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Vtuber Awards, also styled as The VTuber Awards, are awards presented to the best in the VTuber industry. The first ceremony was held in 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Users are given an option to submit nominations, and afterwards they are given an option to choose one nominee for each category. All VTubers are eligible for nominations.", "title": "Process" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The current categories are:", "title": "Categories" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The 2023 Vtuber Awards were held on December 16, 2023 at the WePlay Esports Arena in Los Angeles, California. It was hosted by Filian in a room normally for esports and broadcast on her Twitch channel. Mythic Talent, Filian's agency, was the producer of the ceremony.", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Although VTubers had a dedicated Streamy Awards category and won Content Creator of the Year at The Game Awards 2023, The Vtuber Awards were, according to Morgan Sung at TechCrunch, \"one of the first of its kind [...] for VTubing\". Regarding the idea for The Vtuber Awards, Filian said: \"In every awards show, VTubers are often a footnote or sometimes treated as a unique, strange thing, and so the idea for these awards is like, 'Why not have a show for ourselves?'\".", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "While hosting the ceremony, Filian had to spend more than seven hours in a motion capture suit with only two bathroom breaks, a contrast to her usual streams at home. Due to privacy concerns, behind-the-scenes photographers had to use a stand-in crew member in place of Filian, who reportedly felt awkward in performing as a VTuber in front of other people. The ceremony was held in an virtual stage designed in Unreal Engine, after plans for a physical stage was scrapped because according to Chief Visionary Officer of WePlay Studios Maksym Bilonogov, \"it's not the way, it’s not the right philosophy\". According to Filian, WePlay Studios covered around half of the total production costs, which ultimately amounted to a total around USD $100,000, with the remaining costs split between Mythic Talent and Filian herself through the show's sponsors.", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Among VTubers affiliated with VShojo, Zentreya received three nominations and Ironmouse won three awards. Several other VShojo VTubers also received awards and nominations, including Matara Kan, Henya the Genius, Projekt Melody, and Zentreya. MrAJCosplay of Anime News Network praised Projekt Melody's acceptance speech for her Lewdtuber of The Year award as \"a wonderful speech about the award representing how far the community has come in breaking down social barriers\".", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In addition to several nominations, Hololive Production and its affiliated VTubers won nine of the awards at the 2023 Vtuber Awards, including Best VTuber Organization. Nijisanji VTubers also had several nominations and awards, including two wins by Selen Tatsuki for Best FPS VTuber and Gamer of the Year. Shylily, in addition to presenting the Miss Vtuber Award to Ironmouse, won the Best Chatting/Zatsu Vtuber Award.", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (‡). The lists are arranged alphabetically, except for the winner.", "title": "2023 Vtuber Awards" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The British occupation of Trujillo and the Tiger Islands was a brief occupation of the Honduran port of Trujillo and the Tigre Islands", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "During Juan Lindo Zelaya's presidency (1847-52), Great Britain pressured Honduras for debt payments. In October 1849, HMS Plumper entered Trujillo harbor, demanding compensation for seized mahogany from Belizean lumber companies. British forces briefly occupied Trujillo, extorting 1200 pesos. The newly appointed British consul, Frederick Chatfield, independently ordered the seizure of Tigre Island to ensure compensation. On October 16, 1849, HMS Gorgon troops occupied the island without Honduran resistance. However, this occupation, not approved by the Foreign Office, was disowned and reversed.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Crush\" is a song recorded, written and produced by American singer Ethel Cain. It was released on March 18, 2021, as the second single from her third extended play (EP) titled Inbred, which was released a month after.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cain started 2021 by releasing the single \"Michelle Pfeiffer\" and announcing her third extended play, Inbred. A month after, she announced and released the second single, \"Crush\". A self-directed visualizer was plubished alongside the song. A music video for the song was released on August 3, 2021. She directed it along with her sister, Salem. \"We just ran around our house and the little town we lived in for three days and shot some fun footage that I felt matched the vibe of the song\", said the singer. She also stated that she wanted to make a video \"as experimental as 'Crush' was musically\".", "title": "Background and music videos" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A stripped version of the song was released on September 24, 2021. The music video for the song, directed by Anhedönia and shot by her sister, sees Cain joined by Dan Geraghty of Twenty One Pilots on a trampoline, being filmed on a home-movie style.", "title": "Background and music videos" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In a press release, about the theme of the song, Ethel Cain said:", "title": "Theme and style" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "I really had no business at 16 having week-long relationships with random 23-year-old drifter students but at the time I just thought they were so cool. You know, the deadbeat stoner skater boys who definitely weren’t making it over the county line. It was out of total innocence that I ever envisioned a future with them but damn it if I didn’t daydream about them all the same. Good men die too, and all that.", "title": "Theme and style" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Cain gained popularity with the single, which is more of a pop song than her usual alternative style. She talked about her \"fear\" of making pop music, saying that \"once you make pop music, your other genres won't be taken as seriously\", but \"she has worked to make the music she wants\".", "title": "Theme and style" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bryan West is a journalist and current dedicated Taylor Swift Reporter for the newspaper company Gannett, mainly working for The Tennessean and USA Today.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "West was educated at the Medill School of Journalism. While there, he reported for the Northwestern News Network, and interned at The Today Show and NBC News. He went on to work as a broadcast news reporter and producer for eight years at local news outlets in Phoenix, Arizona; AZCentral and then 12 News. In 2014, he was awarded the Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Award for investigative journalism, and also won two Emmys during this time.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "West was announced as Gannett's first ever dedicated Taylor Swift reporter on November 6, 2023, with Variety breaking the news. The two-month search for the role made headlines when it began publicly on September 12, followed by a similar request for a Beyoncé reporter. Applicants had included an established White House reporter as well as several fans of Swift. West had stated 13 reasons why he should be hired in his video application, including his journalism experience, the fact that he had already met Swift through his work on the opening night of the 2018 Reputation Stadium Tour, and that he was able to report without bias, listing \"It's Nice to Have a Friend\", “Stay Stay Stay,” and “False God” as songs he disliked. He moved to Nashville for the job.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "West received criticism from fans of Swift and newspaper watchdogs; he had described himself in his Variety interview as \"a fan of Taylor,\" leading journalists to question whether he would be unbiased in his reporting, while fans debated whether West was a big enough fan himself. Others suggested that a woman would have been better suited to the role. Chief communications officer of Gannett, Lark-Marie Antón, responded to the criticism in an email, stating that \"Haters gonna hate,\" and that West's experience \"made him the best candidate for this role.\"", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Northwestern State Lady Demons softball team will represent Northwestern State University during the 2024 NCAA Division I softball season. The Lady Demons play their home games at Lady Demon Diamond and are led by first year head coach Lacy Prejean. They are members of the Southland Conference.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Seringia collina is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a low growing, small rounded shrub with hairy branches, oblong to egg-shaped leaves and usually purple flowers in groups of 3 to 6.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Seringia collina is a low growing, small rounded suckering shrub that typically grows up to 0.3–1.5 m (1 ft 0 in – 4 ft 11 in) high and 0.5–2 m (1 ft 8 in – 6 ft 7 in) wide, its branchlets covered with rust-coloured hairs. The leaves are oblong to egg-shaped, 10–50 mm (0.39–1.97 in) long and 4–15 mm (0.16–0.59 in) wide on a petiole 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long, with narrow stipules up to 5 mm (0.20 in) long at the base. The upper surface of the leaves has a sparse covering of star-shaped hairs and the lower surface is covered with dense, star-shaped hairs and a few glandular hairs. The flowers are purple, rarely white, up to 15 mm (0.59 in) wide, borne in groups of 3 to 6 on a peduncle 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) long opposite the leaves. The sepals are wider than long, joined at the base for less than half their length, and there are no petals. The staminodes are tiny, and the filaments are longer than the anthers. Flowering occurs from January to November and the ovary is hairy with segmented carpels.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "This species was first formally described in 1928 by Karel Domin who gave it the name Keraudrenia collina in Bibliotheca Botanica from specimens he collected near Jericho. In 2016, C.F.Wilkins and Whitlock transferred the species to Seringia as S. collina in Australian Systematic Botany. The specific epithet (collina) means \"living an hills\".", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Seringia collina is widespread in Queensland where it grows in sandy clay soils on low hills and plains, and often on roadsides.", "title": "Distribution and habitat" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The species has been listed as \"least concern\" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992.", "title": "Conservation" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ida Vasilevna Galich (Russian: И́да Васи́льевна Га́лич (after marriage — Basieva; born 3 May 1990, East Germany) is a Russian TV presenter, singer, and blogger.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 2018, Galich released the songs «Дима», «Ты попал», and «Найти тебя». The song «Найти тебя» came with a music video that featured Anna Sedokova, Nadezhda Sysoeva, Yulia Koval & Anton Karavaytsev. In 2019, the track «Предприниматель» was released, which came with a music video. That same year, Galich participated on the show Comment Out with rapper Kievstoner. In 2019, Galich started her own show under the title «1−11».", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 11 May 2018, Galich married Alan Basiev. On 14 August 2019 she announced she was pregnant. In mid December 2020, the couple announced they would be breaking up.", "title": "Personal Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "As of 2020, Ida Galich has 6 singles and 6 videoclips.", "title": "Discography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Blanka Szombathelyi (1918–1999) was a Hungarian stage and film actress. She was born in Transylvania in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in territory that was subsequently part of Romania. During the 1930s she played ingénues in a number of Hungarian films, generally comedies. Following the end of the Second World War she emigrated from Hungary with her husband the athlete Ferenc Orbán setting first in Switzerland and then in Los Angeles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "]", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "One Mile Creek Power Station is a former hydro-electric generating station in Queenstown, New Zealand. The power station was commissioned in 1924 to provide electric power for lighting in Queenstown. A re-inforced concrete arch dam was constructed in One Mile Creek to divert water into a penstock that supplied a pelton wheel turbine in a powerhouse constructed near to the shore of Lake Wakatipu. The station was officially opened on 18 September 1924 and operated until 1966 when it was decommissioned. The headworks of the scheme were subsequently used by the Queenstown Borough Council for water supply purposes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A charitable trust was formed in 2002 to undertake restoration of the building and re-instatement of the generating equipment as a heritage project, and the work was completed in 2005.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The One Mile Creek Walk generally follows the steep route of the penstocks from the powerhouse up to the dam. The walk passes through beech forest that is the closest area of native forest to Queenstown.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Museum of International Propaganda is a non-profit institution that opened its doors in 2016 in San Rafael, California.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Museum of International Propaganda features a permanent collection of propaganda posters, paintings, sculptures, and artifacts from more than 25 countries. The main gallery showcases unique and educational images, representing the political art of various nations, including North Korea, Cuba, Nazi Germany, China, Iran, and the Soviet Union. Compiled over 30 years, these objects were predominantly designed and financed by various governments, dictators, and special interests with specific political goals. The non-profit museum's mission is to acquire, preserve, and exhibit political art produced during the 20th century. Through exhibitions, educational lectures, discussions, films, and writings, the museum aims to assist the public in understanding the significant impact that propaganda had on history, culture, and politics, projecting its influence powerfully into contemporary life.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Founded by Tom and Lilka Areton, who have operated a non-profit student exchange program for almost 40 years, the museum's origins trace back to the couple's extensive travels, during which they collected political propaganda. Tom, having lived in socialist Czechoslovakia during his youth, and Lilka, who's traveled to the Soviet Union since 1960, were deeply influenced by their experiences. Tom's mother endured both Nazi and Communist propaganda for over 60 years. The couple met in 1969 at the International Center in New York, married, and relocated to Northern California in 1970.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Tom pursued film study at NYU and Law and Economics in San Francisco, while Lilka earned a PhD from San Francisco's Institute for Advanced Study of Human Sexuality. Their academic backgrounds led to the establishment of a student exchange nonprofit organization in 1977. Following the fall of communism in Eastern Europe in 1989, the Aretons acquired numerous artifacts that people were discarding.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The concept of the museum took shape in mid-2010 when the couple visited North Korea, Berlin, and Cuba. Tom and Lilka Areton transformed a former children's shoe store into the museum, personally designing exhibits and arranging objects that span the 20th and 21st centuries. Tom's daughter assisted in exhibit design, and Tom crafted all large-print display copy. Notably, a painting of Lenin, hanging above the reception desk, was discovered at a flea market in an abandoned soccer stadium in Warsaw. The museum also features a wristwatch, a gift for Chinese soldiers who participated in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, alongside Chinese propaganda.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The museum's exhibits guide visitors through seven themes, techniques, and styles of propaganda:", "title": "Exhibitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "San Luis Obispo (SLO) County wine is a appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County, California which is sandwiched between Santa Barbara County to the south and Monterey County at the northern boundary on the Pacific coast. Its location sits half way between the cities of San Francisco and Los Angeles on the north-south axis of U.S. Route 101 and Pacific Coast Highway (PCH). The county lies entirely within the Central Coast viticultural area. County names in the United States automatically qualify as legal appellations of origin for wine produced from grapes grown in that county and do not require registration with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury. The term \"SLO\" is a historical and commonly used reference for the county and its county seat, San Luis Obispo, initials as well as a description of the region’s relaxed culture. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 3,616 square miles (2,314,000 acres) of which 3,299 square miles (2,111,000 acres) is land and 317 square miles (820 km) (comprising 8.8%) is water. San Luis Obispo county is home to some of California’s coolest winemaking areas similar to climatic influences as its northern counterparts, Napa and Sonoma counties. The proximity of the Pacific coastline to the viticultural areas of San Luis Obispo Coast (SLO) Coast, and at the county’s southern end, Arroyo Grande Valley, influences their vineyards to the cool marine air.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The county is home to sixteen distinctive viticultural areas (AVA) including the spacious Paso Robles with its eleven sub-region AVAs, the diminutive neighbor, York Mountain and the elongated newcomer, San Luis Obispo (SLO) Coast.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Despite conflicting accounts, the first recorded planting of a vineyard was probably by the Spanish Jesuit Missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino at Misión San Bruno in Baja California in 1683 implanting the first variety named \"Misionéro.\" In 1779, Franciscan missionaries under the direction of the Spanish Father Junípero Serra planted California's first vineyard at Mission San Juan Capistrano. The mission’s historical journals document that between May 1779 and 1781, the padres supervised six ‘campesinos’ from Baja California in planting 2,000 grapevines at the mission. These grapevines, Vitis vinifera, were originally transported by ship from Spain and later became known in the New World as Mission Grapes. The vines arrived in Mexico around the year 1540 and cuttings were planted throughout Mexico and spread north with Spanish explorers in the 1620s. Cuttings were later planted in 1769 at the site of the first mission founded in San Diego and dominated California wine production until about 1880.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The first winery in Alta California was built at San Juan Capistrano in 1783; both red and white wines (sweet and dry), brandy, and a port-like wine called Angelica were all produced from the Mission grape. Father Serra founded eight other California missions, hence, he has been called the \"Father of California Wine.\" The county’s historic landmark, \"Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa\" was founded September 1, 1772 by Father Serra in the current town of San Luis Obispo. The mission was named after Saint Louis of Anjou, the bishop of Toulouse, the namesake of the region and town. Father Serra sent an expedition down south from the capital of Alta California, Monterey, to build the San Luis Obispo mission. A cross was erected near San Luis Obispo Creek and Serra celebrated the first mass. Following the mass, Father Junípero Serra left the construction responsibilities to Father Jose Cavaller. The California Missions were developed over three decades that included structure construction, crops, livestock, vineyards, and wineries. Each site gradually came to its peak during the 1830s and 1840s. In the 1830s the Franciscans produced as much as 50,000 gallons of wine a year at the San Gabriel Mission, the fourth of 21 missions founded in California in 1771. The San Gabriel Mission, built from 1791 to 1805 using brick, mortar, and cut stone, is the oldest structure of its kind south of Monterey. The Franciscans planted the first working vineyard in California. A large “mother vine” that was planted in 1861 has grown to notable size and length. It is the same variety as the original vines brought from Spain and still produces fruit. However, there are no records of a vineyard or winemaking in San Luis Obispo prior to 1820s when over one hundred barrels of wine a year are recorded for Mission San Luis Obispo. Its vineyard became the mission system’s largest after the Mission San Gabriel.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The oldest recorded residence in San Luis Obispo County is the Dana Adobe in Nipomo which was originally built on a Mexican land grant of nearly 38,000 acres (15,000 ha) and presented in 1837 to William Goodwin Dana, originally from Boston, Massachusetts, who named it Rancho Nipomo. Captain Dana, married Maria Josefa Carrillo in 1829, the daughter of the original Governor of Alta California, Carlos Antonio Carrillo. By the 1840s, Dana established a large cattle ranch, built his home, and eventually raised 21 children. The ranch also had planted crops and vineyards. From the 1860s to the 1890s, Pierre Hypolite Dallidet was renown as the first commercial winemaker and also became the first commercial distiller in San Luis Obispo County. His legend is one of adventure, service to his country, viticulture, and travels abroad, from his village in southwestern France to Tahiti to Hangtown and finally to San Luis Obispo. He pioneered commercial wine and brandy making, sourcing fruit from his own vineyards and orchards. He was famous for assisting the French government in saving the premium French grape varietals decimated by the Phylloxera epidemic that destroyed historic French vineyards in the 1870s.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "San Luis Obispo county is hemmed-in close to the Pacific coastline by the Santa Lucia Range while over the hills lies the southern end of the Central Valley, which connects this area with northern California. At the county’s northern border, its largest viticultural area, Paso Robles, encompasses 669,253 acres (1,046 sq mi) defined by rolling hills and valleys with an average elevation between 600 and 1,000 feet (183–305 m). The boundaries of the Paso Robles area are characterized by township and range lines, the county line, and straight lines from points of reference. These boundary descriptions are the most practical approximation of the ridge lines that enclose the viticultural area. The soils of the area are generally alluvial and terrace deposits, usually fertile and well-drained. The area is bounded on the west and south by the Santa Lucia mountain range whose crest averages between 2,300 and 2,850 feet (701–869 m). The Cholame Hills to the east crest at about the 3,000 feet (914 m) elevation. The Salinas River has its headwaters at Santa Margarita Lake just south of the boundary and flows northward through the area into the Salinas Valley located in Kings and Monterey counties. The Salinas River is the major drainage of the area, although it is also characterized by numerous creeks and streams. The area is protected from marine air intrusion and coastal fogs by the Santa Lucia Mountains on the west and south. This is a marked contrast to the York Mountain and SLO Coast viticultural areas to the west and south where coastal fogs are common with cooler temperatures in the summer months. The Paso Robles viticultural area is classified as Region III, with 3,001 to 3,500 degree days (GDD) of heat. This characterizes the area with a warmer climate by 500 to 1,000 degree days than the area to the west and south, and a cooler climate by 500 or more degree days than the area lying to the east. Rainfall within the area averages between 10 and 25 inches (250–640 mm) annually. However, rainfall is the highest on the crest of the Santa Lucia Mountain range in York Mountain with 50 inches (1,270 mm) annual precipitation with an average 4.24 inches (107.70 mm) during the growing season. Paso Robles growers generally augment rainfall by irrigation from wells and reservoirs. The area has a diurnal, beginning and ending of the day, temperature change of 40 to 50 °F (4–10 °C). This results from low to moderate humidity which is conducive to radiant cooling of the land surface. Regular afternoon winds disturb the local inversions, thereby promoting radiative cooling. The areas outside of Paso Robles viticultural area have a diurnal fluctuation of between 20 and 30 °F (−7 and −1 °C) caused by the flow of cool, moist marine air accompanied by fog intrusions. The area east of the area has a climate associated with the San Joaquin Valley, that is, less radiative cooling, more stable inversions, and higher evening temperatures.", "title": "Terroir" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On November 10, 2014, TTB issued the final rule in the Federal Register establishing eleven distinct appellations within the existing Paso Robles viticultural area. The county's western terrain, where SLO Coast AVA lies, is composed of coastal terraces, foothills, and small valleys along the Pacific Coast oriented on a east-west axis allowing the area to experience the fog and cool marine air. According to the SLO Coast petition, 97 percent of the area is at or below 1,800 feet (550 m) in elevation, which corresponds to the approximate limit of the influence of the maritime climate.", "title": "Terroir" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "At the southern boundary of SLO Coast viticultural area and straddling the county's border is the Santa Maria Valley viticultural area of Santa Barbara County. Santa Maria Valley's flatter topography exposes it to the marine air breezes, therefore, the Growing degree day (GDD) accumulations are higher and the valley is characterized as Region II, and a lower average maximum growing season temperatures. Fog occurs over 55 percent of all nights during the growing season within the southern region of San Luis Obispo county.", "title": "Terroir" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "San Luis Obispo Coast (SLO Coast) became the latest viticultural area in the county receiving TTB recognition on April 8, 2022, after reviewing the petition from the SLO Coast AVA Association, proposing to establish the “San Luis Obispo Coast” AVA. The expansive area encompasses approximately 480,585 acres (750.914 sq mi) stretching over 70 miles (110 km) along the Pacific coastline from Ragged Point southbound on the Pacific Coast Highway and Highway 101 to the northern outskirts of Santa Maria at the intersection of State Highway 166 and Highway 101. It includes the coastal communities of San Simeon, Cambria, Cayucos, Morro Bay, Avila Beach, Pismo Beach, Arroyo Grande and Nipomo while encompassing the county seat of San Luis Obispo. The TTB approved the petition’s two names, \"San Luis Obispo Coast\" and \"SLO Coast\", to identify the viticultural area’s description and wine labeling. The term \"SLO\" is a historical and commonly used reference for the county and town initials as well as a description of the region’s relaxed culture. SLO Coast encompasses the established Edna Valley and Arroyo Grande Valley viticultural areas. There are over 50 wineries, as well as an estimated 78 commercial vineyards cultivating approximately 3,942 acres (1,595 ha) with most of the vineyards located within 6 miles (9.7 km) of the Pacific Ocean defining its grapes and wines.", "title": "New AVA" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "35°13′04″N 120°36′27″W / 35.2176662°N 120.6075959°W / 35.2176662; -120.6075959", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Category:California wine Category:American Viticultural Areas of Southern California Category:San Luis Obispo County, California Category:Geography of San Luis Obispo County, California", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Share and Share Alike is a British radio sitcom that aired on BBC Radio 4 from 24 July to 18 September 1978. Written by Harold Snoad and Michael Knowles, the series starred Hugh Paddick and Michael Robbins as two brothers who must learn to live peacefully with one another to inherit the fortune from their mother's will.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Due to the BBC's policy of wiping material after broadcast, only three episodes of the series were kept in the BBC's archives: \"Missing Persons\", \"Shared Interests\", and the final episode, \"The Séance\". However, in 2001, as part of the BBC's Treasure Hunt campaign, Harold Snoad returned copies of the entire series, including an unbroadcast pilot episode starring Reg Varney, to the BBC's radio department.", "title": "Archival status" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Local elections were held in San Juan on May 10, 2004, within the Philippine general election. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the councilors, six of them in the two districts of the municipality.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "According to former President Joseph Estrada's camp, a possible rivalry between his sons former Mayor Jose \"Jinggoy\" Estrada Jr. and Mayor Joseph Victor \"JV\" Ejercito has been speculated. It was because the former president tasked his elder son, Jinggoy to watch over their constituents and take care of them. The speculations came to an end when Ejercito announced his re-election.", "title": "Before Elections" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mayor Joseph Victor \"JV\" Ejercito was on his first term, and he ran for re-election for second term. He faced Enrico \"Erick\" San Juan of Lakas–CMD and Edgardo \"Eddie\" Marasigan of DGIPP.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Vice Mayor Leonardo \"Boy\" Celles was on his first term, and he ran for re-election for second term. He was challenged by former Vice Mayor Philip Cezar, Second District Councilor Rolando \"Totoy\" Bernardo, Alfonso \"Poncy\" Quirino, and Juan Benalla.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Rep. Ronaldo \"Ronny\" Zamora was on his first consecutive and fourth non-consecutive term, and he ran for re-election for second consecutive and fifth non-consecutive term. He was challenged by Atty. Ericson \"Eric\" Alcovendaz of NPC.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Celles and Cezar both ran under PMP.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Rep. Ronaldo \"Ronny\" Zamora won over Atty. Ericson \"Eric\" Alcovendaz.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Mayor Joseph Victor \"JV\" Ejercito was re-elected.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Vice Mayor Leonardo \"Boy\" Celles defeated his closest opponents, including former Vice Mayor Philip Cezar and Second District Councilor Rolando \"Totoy\" Bernardo.", "title": "Results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2019 FIBA 3x3 U18 World Cup consists of two sections:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Artêmio Sarcinelli (29 December 1932 – 28 November 2006), simply known as Sarcinelli, was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Sarcinelli played professionally for just three clubs: São Cristóvão, São Paulo and Flamengo. In 1954, his name appeared on the list of 18 additional names sent by the then CBD and prepared by coach Zezé Moreira for that year's World Cup in case the 22 names registered for that world cup were replaced, as required by FIFA.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Sarcinelli died on 28 November 2006, in João Neiva, Espírito Santo, due to an intestinal infection. The AA Ferroviária stadium in João Neiva currently bears his name.", "title": "Death" } ]

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