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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "James Stewart Boyce (born 14 December 1941) is an Australian former rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Boyce was born in Sydney and attended Scots College, where he played in a GPS premiership with the 1st XV.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A winger, Boyce gained Wallabies selection the first time for the 1962 tour of New Zealand and scored 10 tries in his opening three tour matches, including six against Wairarapa. He was rewarded with a Test debut in Wellington. His 12 Wallabies caps included matches with twin brother Stewart, who would play on the other wing.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Boyce was vocal in his opposition to the 1971 South Africa tour of Australia taking place.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Edward Stewart Boyce (born 14 December 1941) is an Australian former rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A native of Sydney, Boyce is the twin brother of Wallabies winger Jim Boyce and attended Scots College.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Boyce played first-grade for Sydney University while studying medicine and starred in the team's 1961 Shute Shield title, with 14 tries during the campaign. He gained Wallabies selection the following year for New Zealand's visit, featurign in both Test matches. After a self imposed year long absence due to his studies, Boyce was a regular fixture on the wing for the Wallabies from 1964 to 1967. His two tries against New Zealand in Wellington on the 1964 tour helped the Wallabies to their greatest winning margin over the All Blacks. One of his teammate on that tour was his brother Jim, playing on the other wing. He played all five Tests on the 1966–67 tour of Britain, Ireland and France.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The prepositural collegiate basilica of San Giovanni Battista is a Catholic church in Busto Arsizio, dedicated to one of the patron saints of the city. Like the church of San Michele Arcangelo, this building also stands on the remains of a small chapel Longobarda about eight meters wide.In 1948 the church was elevated to the dignity of minor basilica. The bell tower was constructed from 1400 to 1418, and is the oldest part of the church.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is one of the most important baroque works in the province of Varese. Built to a design by Francesco Maria Richini., the foundation stone of the new basilica was laid on 26 May 1609, but the first service was not held until 1614, when the work was not yet completed, on the occasion of the patron saint's feast day. From the registers of the Fabrica di S. Giovanni and on the basis of the chronicles of the curate Pietro Antonio Crespi Castoldi, we know that from 1609 to 1613 the bones of the old cemetery near the church bell tower were removed and the perimeter foundations were laid, followed by the construction of the chapel dedicated to Sant'Ambrogio. The apses of the old church were demolished in 1610 and the main chapel was built between 1611 and 1612. The transept was completed in 1614 and its chapels were immediately used for the celebration of religious services. The foundations of the new façade were laid in March 1616 and in the same year the chapel of St. Charles and the chapel of the Relics were built. Work continued at a slow pace for various reasons, including the plague of 1630, and the dome was completed in 1635, 26 years after work began.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The basilica was consecrated in 1640 or 1646 by the bishop of Bobbino, Monsignor Francesco Maria Abbiati.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The imposing façade consists of a lower order of coupled Ionic style pilasters, a prothyrum with an arched pediment, doors made of copper and bronze with bas-reliefs depicting the life of St. John the Baptist (work of Enrico Astorri from 1908), statues of St. Ambrose, St. Charles Borromeo, Faith and Charity and countless other works from various eras. However, the façade was still incomplete: the upper part was completed between 1699 and 1701 by Domenico Valmagini, who inserted a large oval window, a double-curved broken pediment, the statues of St. Peter St. Paul and four prophets (all works by Giovanni Pozzi), and the central statue of St. John the Baptist (by Siro Zanelli), which represents the highest point of the façade.", "title": "Architectural Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Built in the early years of the 15th century, the basilica's bell tower was built for two reasons: one was obviously religious, since in 1400 the town of Busto Arsizio was experiencing a period of plague that increased religious commotion to the point of building a concrete work that symbolised the devotion of the people of Busto Arsizio. The second was military: the construction of the bell tower was, in fact, partly financed by the municipality, as it could have been used as a watchtower for defensive purposes, since the church was located not far from the centre of the rectangle of fortifications. In 1409, the main bell was cast and placed on the bell tower, while the construction was completed in 1418, the year Pope Martin V came to Milan for the consecration of the high altar of the Duomo.", "title": "Architectural Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Inside, the church is covered with barrel vaults and ribbed vaults, the three naves are separated by rows of Ionic style piers and columns. Under the arches hang large canvases depicting the life of St. John the Baptist, painted between the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century by unknown artists, with the exception of Jesus with the disciples of the Baptist and Herodias and Salome with the head of the Baptist, attributed to Carlo Preda. The left transept hosts, instead, two frescoes of the 17th century (Rest during the Flight into Egypt and Nativity), attributed to Antonio Crespi Castoldi. More recent (between 1904 and 1923) are the decorations with pinkish grit and variegated marble (by Giuseppe Cerami and Pirro Bottaro) and the frescoes of the dome (Glorification of the Baptist), the pendentives (Evangelists) and the vaults (Blessed Juliana and Blessed Bernardino, Immaculate Conception, The Eucharist and The Pope) and the minor transept (Four Prophets) all works by Carlo Grossi, as well as the Way of the Cross in bronze and the portals by Enrico Astorri (1908). On the other hand, carved wooden works such as the pulpit, the choir and the compass date back to the 18th century. Over a period of eight years, between 1757 and 1765, Biagio Bellotti realised the frescoes of the apsidal area of the church. On the vault of the chancel is depicted the Glory of St. Sabinus, in the apse basin Paradise and on the wall of the apse The Baptism of Jesus Christ in the waters of the Jordan.", "title": "Architectural Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Outside the church, on the right-hand side, is the \"mortorio\", a small temple by an unknown author, painted between 6 September 1689 and 2 November 1692, which was meant to remind passers-by of the mystery of death by displaying skulls, still visible today from Via Milano. Inside, there are paintings of angels and symbolism on the Passion. Paintings were also visible outside, works by the brothers Ambrogio Gelli, Francesco and Biagio Bellotti (the latter grandfather of the Bustocco painter of the same name), depicting the ages of man, the various aspects of death, virtues, purgatory and weeping angels, removed in 1975 and transferred to the Church of San Gregorio Magno in Camposanto.", "title": "Architectural Design" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "PWFP Rumble in Pakistan was a professional wrestling event produced by the Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan which was held at Dreamworld resort in Karachi on 28 April 2019.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Menahem Mann Ben Solomon ha-Levi Amelander was a Dutch-Jewish author and historian of the 18th century. He died before 1767. His 1743 Old Yiddish chronicle, Sheyris Yisroel (Remnant of Israel) is a continuation of his Yiddish translation of Josippon with a general history of the Jews in the diaspora until 1740. He also drew on the history of Jacques Basnage. Max Erik and Israel Zinberg considered it the foremost representative of its genre. It was cited by Abraham Trebitsch with his Qorot ha-'Ittim and Abraham Chaim Braatbard with his Ayn Naye Kornayk. Zinberg called it \"the most important work of Old Yiddish historiographical literature\".", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Daniel Nwanneka Chukwudozie (born 2 January 1957) is a Nigerian entrepreneur and business man. He is the chairman and chief executive officer of Dozzy Group, which is a conglomerate of many companies of about 2000-man workforce with interests in oil and gas, plastics, food and beverages, maritime and investments. One of the companies is Specialty Oil Company Nigeria Limited which produces the Powerflo engine oil and has a 70-million-litre-capacity oil storage depot in Calabar, Cross Rivers State. He is a fellow of the Nigerian Society of Engineers, a recipient of the Officer of the Order of the Niger national award, the Queen Victoria Commemorative Medal and the International Socrates Award by the Europe Business Assembly.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Chukwudozie was born on 2 January 1957 to Okolienta Chukwudozie and Hannah Ugoyibo of Ubahu in Okija, Ihiala Local Government Area of Anambra State. He is the first child of his parents, although he lost his father when he was still a child. Chukwudozie became apprenticed to traders from an early age, learning the rudiments of several businesses.", "title": "Early life and apprenticeship" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1981, Chukwudozie discovered an opportunity of importing products into Nigeria. Thus, armed with six thousand Naira and a four hundred and eighty Naira ticket to London, he ventured into international business. In his pursuit of economic success, he traveled to a number of countries, including China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Thailand, Korea, and Indonesia, where he imported commodities such as belts and other items to Nigeria.", "title": "Business career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Chukwudozie founded the Dozzy Oil and Gas Limited in Onitsha in 1994. His business grew gradually into the Dozzy Group, a conglomerate of twelve companies including Specialty Oil and Company Nigeria Limited which produces powerflo engine oil and hydraulic oil; Dozzy Plastic Industries Limited, which produces plastic chairs, fan blades, kitchen utensils, vehicle parts amongst others; Dozztephan Industry Limited, which produces beverages such as Piko fruit juice; King's crown Oil and Gas Limited; Hannah Energy Company Limited; Sungreen Oil and Gas Limited; Dozzy Integrated Power Limited; Dozzy Guttroff Industrial Gas Limited; Dozzy Plastics Limited; Dozzy Oil and Gas Limited; Dozzy Maritime Service FZE and, Dozzy Investment Limited. In addition to creating over 5,000 jobs, his commercial contributions in the food and beverage, plastics, lubricants, industrial gas, real estate, and hospitality sectors have served Nigerian consumers with goods like Piko juice, biscuits, farm-fresh yoghurts, bottled water, among others.", "title": "Business career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Chukwudozie is a recipient of many honorary degrees. They include Honorary Degree of Doctor of Business Administration by University of Nigeria, Nsukka; Honorary Doctorate Degree in Science (Honoris Causa) University of Calabar, Cross Rivers State (11 March 2017); Honorary Doctorate Degree in Science (Honoris Causa) Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun in Delta State (14 March 2017); Honorary Doctorate Degree in Business Management (Honoris Causa) by the Paul University, Awka, Anambra State amongst others. He was awarded The Sun Manufacturer of the Year 2018, the Industrialist of the year by the Grassroots Newspapers; voted the most respected Nigerian CEO 2010 by This Day Newspaper, Award of Excellence by the Nigerian Export Promotion Council amongst others. He is a recipient of the Officer of the Order of the Niger national award, the Queen Victoria Commemorative Medal and the International Socrates Award by the Europe Business Assembly.", "title": "Honours" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Chukwudozie is a fellow of the Nigerian Society of Engineers.", "title": "Fellowships" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Chukwudozie is married to Ada Chukwudozie, the current Chairperson of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria, southeast branch. They have six children. Their daughter, Sandra Chukwudozie, is an entrepreneur and clean energy activist.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 2633 was adopted on 26 May 2022. According to the resolution, the Security Council votes for renews arms embargo against South Sudan until 31 May 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "China, Gabon, India, Kenya and Russia abstained from vote.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Star Trek Adventures is a table-top roleplaying game based on the Star Trek franchise and published by Modiphius Entertainment. The game uses a modified version of the publisher's 2d20 system and has been in publication since 2017.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Core Rule Books", "title": "Official Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Supplements", "title": "Official Publications" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Adventures and Campaign Guides", "title": "Official Publications" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Israel Zinberg (also known as Yisroel Tsinberg; born Sergei Lazarevich Tsinberg) (1873-1943) was a Russian-Jewish chemist and a historian of Jewish literature born in Rivne. His works are considered significant in European Jewish Yiddish scholarship. He was not a professional historian, but worked as a chemical engineer in Petrograd and pursued literary history as an \"avocation.\" He was a member of the St. Petersburg school of Jewish scholars along with Simon Dubnow. He drew on the works of Moritz Steinschneider and Ber Borokhov as well as Solomon Birnbaum, Maks Erik, and Max Weinreich.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Allalasandra is a historic locality in North Bengaluru adjoining the Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra (GKVK) campus on Bellary road. Allalasandra is a part BBMP Ward Number 4, Byatarayanapura assembly (AC150) and Chikkaballapur parliamentary (PC27) constituencies with about 20,000 voters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This article draws on information contained in four inscription stones in Allalasandra and Jakkur, hero stones, a temple, historical and religious literature, to develop an understanding of the history of Allalasandra from the 10th century onwards. All of these are shown in the 'Inscription Stones of Bengaluru' Google map. Of the four inscriptions only two are traceable today. From these inscriptions it is possible to learn that the Allalasandra village and lake are at least 500 years old and that there were many people migrating to the area even then. This inscription mentions the donation of the entire village of Allalasandra to the Allalanatha temple at Jakkur.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The earliest map of Allalasandra is a 1905CE state land records map which shows the village and adjoining areas being of 2.47sq km, 7.78 km perimeter. The village is shown bounded by Yelahanka kasaba, Shivanahalli, Jakkur Plantation, Bytrayanapura, Kothi Hosahalli, Kodigehalli, Kodigehalli Plantation and Chikka Bommasandra villages. Today the same area has been apportioned between Allalasandra village, GKVK campus, upmarket Judicial Layout and some portions of Bellary road.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The four inscriptions are the", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "This inscription is documented in the 1905 edition of the Epigraphia Carnatica, volume 09 published by B.L.Rice as Bengaluru Taluk Inscription No 30. The inscription's installation date is given as Shaka 1462, Krodhi Samvatsara, Margashira, Shukla 5, which corresponds to Wednesday, 19 November 1544 A.D. according to the Julian calendar.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "This inscription is 133 cm high, 67 cm width and 13cm thick. This type of rock is rectangular granite. This inscription is engraved on both the front and back sides of the stone. The front side of the stone is dressed, while the backside of the stone is not dressed well. On the top of the stone is a drawing of the sun and moon, between which is a Sudarshan Chakra.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "This stone inscription has 19 lines on the front and six lines on the back and it can be observed that the scribe '0' is used at the beginning of each line to mark the lines and write directly.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The exact transliteration of the inscription in Kannada and ISAT (line numbers are not part of the original inscription, including them is a default practice with inscriptions) are as follows", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "This inscription is a record of the donation of the village of Allalasandra by local administrator, Rachur Narasappa, to the Allalanatha temple at Jakkur.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The religious merit of the donation was to benefit an official Marateya Vittaleshwara.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The scribe of this inscription wrote the inscription using simple language in a way that the common man could also understand it. The inscription is in Kannada language and Kannada script.", "title": "Allalasandra 1544 CE Rachur Narasappiah's Donation Inscription" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zhambyl (Kazakh: Жамбыл; Russian: Горы Джамбул) is a massif located in Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mount Zhambyl rises in an almost uninhabited area. Mirny, a mining town in the Moiynkum District, lies 55 kilometers (34 mi) to the east.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Zhambyl massif is a northern prolongation of the Chu-Ili Range. It is located off the southwestern slopes of the southern section of the Zheltau upland, on the other side of which lies the Balkhash-Alakol Basin. It extends from northwest to southeast for about 25 kilometers (16 mi) to the north of the Mayzharylgan. The Betpak-Dala desert lies to the west.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The highest point of the Zhambyl is 972 meters (3,189 ft) high Mount Kyzylbelen, rising near the northern edge.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The soil is gray and crumbly. Some of the plants found in the range include Artemisia santolina, Anabasis, Salsola arbuscula, as well as sedges, especially in the valleys.", "title": "Flora" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "'Pietro Antonio Crespi Castoldi' (Busto Arsizio 7 February 1557 - 10 November 1615) was an Italian historian and Catholic priest.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born on 7 February 1557 in Busto Arsizio, and was ordained a priest in 1581 by Charles Borromeo. He was a priest in Morazzone, a small town near Varese.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He remained priest at Morazzone until 1589, when he returned to Busto Arsizio, to curate the Basilica of Saint John the Baptist, after an epidemic hit much of the congregation He also served as curator of the Basilica’s archives.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1614 he wrote “De oppido Busti relationes”. Written in Latin, it became one of his most important works, and was translated by Luigi Belotti into Italian from 1925 to 1927.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dr Funsho Oladipo born (23 December 1950) is a Nigerian medical health care practitioner Specialising as as a General Practitioner (GP) and the managing director, R-Jolad Hospital in Lagos State Nigeria..He also Served as the Past National President of Offa Defendant Union (ODU) between 2019-2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born to the family of Mr and Mrs Oladipo Of Agbopa Family in Offa local government of Kwara State in 1950. He graduated with distinction from the University of Ibadan (Faculty of Medicine) in June 1978.", "title": "Early Life and Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Dr Funsho established R-Jolad Hospital in 1982 in Lagos State Nigeria and the hospital is multi specialist hospital in Gbagada axis from a primary health clinic with 10 beds into a 215-beds across different locations in Lagos. The hospital was specialist in obstetrics and gynaecology, cardiology, endocrinology, general surgery, urology, and orthopaedics.", "title": "R-JOLAD" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Offa Decendant Union under the leadership of Dr Funsho established Offa One innovation Hub which was aimed to create over 60,000 direct and indirect job for offa and it environs youth between 2021-2030 as stated by the National President During the unavailing of the project.", "title": "Offa One Innovation Hub" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He is a Nigerian medical health practitioner and the founder and director of R-Jolad Hospital in Lagos State Nigeria In 1979 he completed his internship at the General Hospital, Ilorin. He did his Mandatory National Youth Service Corps at the Shagamu Local Government Health Central in 1980, and he was engaged by the First Shadrack Hospital, Association Ave., Ilupeju, Lagos from 1980 – 1982. In 1982 Dr Funsho established R-Jolad Hospital in Lagos State Nigeria.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Boulos Shehadeh (1882–1943) was an Palestinian journalist and politician. He was the founder of the newspaper Mirat Al Sharq (Arabic: Mirror of the East). He also worked for various publications as a journalist.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Shehadeh was born in Ramallah in 1882. He had two brothers.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Shehadeh completed his high school education in the Zion College in Jerusalem and obtained a degree in Arabic language from the Shabab College, precursor of the English College.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Shehadeh started his journalistic career during his studies. He worked as a correspondent for various newspapers and became a columnist for the Beirut-based newspaper Lisan al Hal. His column was titled Ashwak wa zahr (Arabic: Thorns and Flowers). Following his graduation Shehadeh was employed as a teacher at the Orthodox School in Haifa and became its principal in 1907. He was a member of the Committee of Union and Progress. He had to leave his teaching and administrative post at the Orthodox School in 1907 due to a speech he gave in Haifa in which he expressed harsh criticisms against the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid. The Ottomans issued an arrest warrant for him, and he settled in Cairo, Egypt, where he worked for Al Zuhur, Al Muayyad, Al Muqattam, Al Hilal and Al Muqtataf. Shehadeh also wrote poems.", "title": "Career and activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Shehadeh returned to Palestine after the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 and continued to work as a teacher and journalist. He taught at the Orthodox School in Bethlehem and served as its principal until the beginning of World War I in 1914. He was then employed as a clerk in the Ottoman army in Beersheba. He worked as a pharmacist's assistant to his brother, Dr. Niqula Shehadeh, who was serving as the official municipality physician in Jenin and the head of the military hospital. Shehadeh was a teacher at the Rashidiya school in Jerusalem between 1919 and 1922.", "title": "Career and activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Shehadeh founded a newspaper entitled Mirat Al Sharq of which the first issue appeared on 17 September 1919. He also edited the paper. He participated in the establishment of the Arab National Party in 1923. He was a member of the Arab Executive Committee between 1926 and 1938 and was part of the delegations that participated in the Arab Congresses held in Jerusalem, Haifa, and Nablus. He was also among the founders of the National Defense Party in 1934.", "title": "Career and activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Shehadeh was married to Mary Sarrouf, and they had three children: two sons, Aziz (1921–1985) and Fouad (born 1925), and one daughter, Najla.", "title": "Personal life and death" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Shehadeh died in Jerusalem on 1 August 1943 and was buried in a cemetery in Ramallah.", "title": "Personal life and death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Pakistan Armed Services Board (FASB) is a welfare organization department under the Ministry of Defence in Pakistan. It was established to assist soldiers, sailors and airmen serving in various capacities in the armed forces.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The PASB was initially established as the Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen's Board in Bombay, Rawalpindi and Sheikhupura in 1919 after World War I. It was later renamed Pakistan Armed Services Board after the creation of Pakistan as a sovereign independent state. The Board has expanded from 28 District Armed Services Boards (DASBs) in 1947 to 63 DASBs.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "PASB provides various services including processing of cases, provision of general family pension, and special financial assistance from the Regimental Centre. It also provides guidelines for pensioners and administers a 2% disability quota.", "title": "Functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In December 2020, the Director General of PASB allocated a grant of Rs 850,000 for the construction of a boundary wall to secure the Defense Armed Services Board (DASB) office and land. However, DC Gujarat stopped the construction following which ex-servicemen protested.", "title": "Infrastructure development" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In November 2011, a document from the Ministry of Defence disclosed the supposed participation of nearly a hundred military officers in dishonest activities. This disclosure came after the Public Accounts Committee’s announcement that three high-ranking military generals were accountable for the losses of Rs1.8 billion in the scam involving the National Logistics Cell. Among the 88 officials charged with corruption was a high-ranking officer from the Pakistan Armed Services Board.", "title": "Controversies" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In October 2022, during an audit of MEO Quetta, the Auditor General of Pakistan (AGP) discovered an irregularity of Rs 82 million in the construction of the commercial plaza of the Pakistan Armed Services Board (PASB). A land measuring 1,517.52 square meters was leased to PASB for 30 years for the construction of Soldier House in Quetta. However, the land was used to build a commercial plaza without government approval, which is illegal and in violation of Cantonment Land Administration (CLA) rules.", "title": "Controversies" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Iranian influence in Lebanon dates to the 16th century and has grown considerably during the 20th century, first minimally under the Shah through the interchange of elites, specifically in Beirut and then significantly following the Iranian revolution and Iran's training and funding of Hezbollah. Iran has had a prominent influence in the social services, education, the economy and politics of Lebanon.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Critics have argued Lebanon provides Tehran access to the Mediterranean as well as regional influence through organizations such as Hezbollah, considered an Iranian proxy which conducts operations in nearby Syria in defense of the Bashar Al Assad regime, an Iranian ally.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Iran has longstanding connections with Lebanon, particularly through its Shi'ite community, the largest among the country's 18 recognized sects. Many Lebanese clerics have ties to Iran, either originating from there, receiving training under Iranians, or maintaining strong Iranian connections. Musa al-Sadr, an Iranian-born cleric from a prominent Lebanese theological family, played a pivotal role in mobilizing Lebanon's Shiite community. In 1974, he founded the Movement of the Disinherited, which later formed the armed wing Amal during the Lebanese civil war. While Sadr disappeared in 1978, Amal continues to be one of Lebanon's major Shiite parties.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Critics point to 1982 as a significant milestone in Iranian-Lebanese relations when Tehran facilitated the establishment of Hezbollah. Iranian operational and financial support played a crucial role in shaping Hezbollah into a powerful militia, serving as a significant deterrent against Israel. Hezbollah's symbolic and strategic successes against Israel elevated Iran's influence in Levantine politics and enhanced its appeal across the Arab world. Despite Hezbollah's political ascendance as the second major Shiite party, driven by its advocacy for Shiite rights, social services, and resistance against Israel, its ties to Iran have disrupted Lebanon's delicate political balance and heightened sectarian tensions. Iranian influence is said to have contributed to the rise of secterianism in Lebanon, which according to critics has damaged the Lebanese economy.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Relations between Iran and Lebanon have historical roots that precede the establishment of modern Lebanon. In the 16th century, the Safavid dynasty adopted Shiism as the official religion, deviating from the prevailing Sunni Islam in the region, enlisted Shiite clerics from Jabal Amel, a region in south Lebanon which already had a Shiite community established since the 11th century, to promote Shiism as a state religion, leading to the flourishing of clerical and family exchanges. The Lebanese maintained a distinct identity and developed stronger ties with Iraq than with Persian-speaking Iran. Additionally, Beirut's emergence as a significant Middle East commercial and cultural hub attracted Iranian elites, with two prime ministers under the last shah receiving their education there.", "title": "Pre-Iranian Revolution history" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In the latter half of the 20th century, individuals opposing the Iranian monarchy sought refuge in Lebanon. Some actively participated in Lebanese politics and underwent training in Palestinian camps before and during the Lebanese civil war.", "title": "Pre-Iranian Revolution history" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Under the Shah's rule, Iran's involvement in Lebanon primarily entailed funding for Shiite social institutions, with a strategic interest in countering radical ideologies and maintaining regional stability. However, by the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, Iran's engagement intensified, particularly with the emergence of Musa al-Sadr and the shifting political mobilization of Lebanese Shi'ites. Al-Sadr's alliances with regional powers marked a significant turning point, signaling a deeper involvement by Iran in Lebanon beyond the initial minimal engagement under the Shah.", "title": "Pre-Iranian Revolution history" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Musa al-Sadr, initially engaged with the Shah of Iran, accepting Iranian funding for Lebanese Shiite social institutions. However, their relationship soured in the 1970s, with al-Sadr becoming critical of the Iranian government. Dissenters from Iran arrived in Lebanon during this period, disseminating an anti-Shah message and receiving military training, primarily through the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).", "title": "Pre-Iranian Revolution history" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Iran has equipped the Lebanese group, Hezbollah with advanced weaponry. Hezbollah has been described as an Iranian proxy. Iran is said to have effectively established a force aimed at deterring Israel and targeting Israeli assets in potential regional conflicts. Hezbollah's armament includes an arsenal of approximately 40,000 rockets and missiles, featuring mid-range options like Zelzal 1 and Zelzal 2 with a range of 95 to 130 miles, along with a variant of the Fateh 110 reaching up to 155 miles. Hezbollah is said to have 150,000 missiles.", "title": "Hezbollah" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Hezbollah has provided operatives and logistical support to Iran, according to critics this has allowed Iran plausible deniability in its involvement. Notably, Argentine prosecutors have accused Hezbollah and Iran of orchestrating the 1994 bombing of a Jewish community center in Buenos Aires. Hezbollah is also purported to have assisted Iraqi Shiite militias aligned with Iran, and at least one Hezbollah operative was apprehended by U.S. forces in Iraq. However, backing Hezbollah does not uniformly translate into unwavering allegiance or support for Iran among Lebanese Shiites.", "title": "Hezbollah" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Shiites acknowledge Iran's support in pressuring Israel's withdrawal, there exists a wide spectrum of opinions about Iran as a political model, with many harboring concerns about its long-term intentions. Hezbollah's influence is intricately tied to its domestic standing and regional image, both of which have suffered due to perceptions of being an Iranian proxy.", "title": "Hezbollah" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Iran has allocated millions of dollars for infrastructure development in Lebanon, including the construction of bridges, roads, schools, and hospitals. Over ninety schools in Lebanon have been built with Iranian financial support, primarily through the government-funded Reconstruction Crusade (Jihad-i Sazendagi). Numerous Iranian institutions, such as the Committee of Imam Khomeini and the Iranian Red Crescent, operate in Lebanon with resources sourced from the state budget or government-transferred properties.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The Iranian government also launched the Arabic TV station al-Aalam in the early 21st century, managed by Hezbollah members near the Iranian embassy in Beirut. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the supreme leader of the Islamic Republic and the second-highest religious authority (Marja taqlid) among Lebanese Shiites, has offices in the suburbs of Beirut and southern Lebanon. While these offices officially serve as religious headquarters, they are also utilized by the Iranian intelligence service and Hezbollah for information gathering, political and security meetings, surveillance, and even as military courts and detention facilities.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Lebanon is currently in economic and political crisis, marked by the failure to form a government. The deadlock is a result of the internal alignment between Lebanese President Michel Aoun and politician Gebran Bassil, who aim for complete control over the government. Regionally, Iran by itself or through Hezbollah has been accused of seeking to keep Lebanon hostage to leverage it in negotiations with the West.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Conditions in Lebanon have deteriorated in the 2010s and 2020s, characterized by internal unrest, protests, economic struggles, and a devalued currency. Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros Al-Rai delivered a politically charged sermon, urging the Lebanese people to reclaim the identity of Lebanon and emphasizing the role of the Lebanese Army as the legitimate force for defense.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The Patriarch's previous speech, likened to a historic call for Syria to withdraw from Lebanon in 2000, explicitly referred to Hezbollah and Iran. Dissatisfaction with Hezbollah and Iranian influence is evident in protests, with crowds expressing sentiments against Iran. Israel is fortifying its northern borders and cautioning Hezbollah against attacking, while Russia, during a Hezbollah delegation visit, reportedly conveyed a message from Israel warning of military escalations.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "In September 2021, despite lacking representation in key leadership positions, Lebanese Hezbollah coordinated the importation of over one million gallons of Iranian diesel fuel into Lebanon. This shipment marked the initial delivery of a series totaling more than 13 million gallons, with an Iranian vessel unloading the fuel at the Syrian port of Banias for subsequent overland transport across the Syrian border into Lebanon. The Lebanese which grappled with the Lebanese 2021-Today economic crisis the truck convoy was greeted with celebration by Hezbollah members and many Lebanese citizens facing severe hardships. On September 24, Hezbollah announced the successful arrival of a second Iranian ship in Baniyas, emphasizing that its fuel cargo would also be destined for Lebanon.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Due to Iran's influence in Lebanon, in 2021, Saudi Arabia banned imports from Lebanon.", "title": "Iranian influence in the Economy" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Hezbollah currently possesses a restricted capacity to engage airborne targets, relying on short-range antiaircraft guns, man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) such as the Iranian Misagh (modeled after the Chinese QW-1). Khordad-15, an Iranian air defence system similar to the American patriot, which can engage up to six fighter-jet size targets from 120 km.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Hezbollah, considered an Iranian proxy and part of the “Axis of Reistance” possesses Iranian-designed rockets, including Raad (Arabic for Thunder), Fajr (Dawn), and Zilzal (Earthquake), which surpass Katyushas in both payload capacity and range.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "In septembe 2023, Israel alleged that Iran was constructing an airstrip in southern Lebanon with the potential for launching attacks. A source not affiliated with Israel, familiar with the location, indicated that the site could support large drones, possibly weaponized, modeled after an Iranian design.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Weapons and gear including advanced systems, GPS for missiles and more precise rockets were transported via flights to Beirut international Airport which is controlled by the Lebanese armed forces. These flights were conducted by the Iranian civilian airline Qeshm Air, known for its connections to the IRGC Quds forces. In recent months, reports emerged about a reform at Beirut International Airport in Lebanon and Iran. According to this reform, Iranian visitors no longer need to get their passports stamped upon entering Lebanon.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "Critics, particularly Shi'ite Lebanese opponents of Hezbollah, have cautioned that this change allows the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps to increase their subversive activities in Syria and Lebanon. Critics argue it facilitates the transportation of Iranian forces and Shiite militia members to Syria via Beirut without leaving a record. Despite denials of any reform by Lebanese General Security, the Lebanese Ambassador to Iran clarified to the media that entry for Iranian visitors was now documented separately. He explained that the new measure aimed to promote Iranian tourism in Lebanon and assist Iranian civilians planning to visit the US later. Similar procedures were reportedly implemented for Palestinians with Palestinian Authority passports to address issues related to Israeli stamps.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "During the Second Lebanon War in 2006, the Israeli air force targeted Beirut Airport due to Hezbollah's use of the facility for smuggling weapons from Iran. In 2008, the attempt by the March 14 alliance, which opposed Hezbollah, to remove Wafiq Shoukeir, the security chief at Beirut Airport, was one of the factors contributing to the violent riots in Lebanon. Shoukeir, aligned with Hezbollah, granted the organization significant freedom of action at the airport. In 2013, members of the March 14 alliance once again raised concerns, stating that the airport was \"occupied by Hezbollah and Iran.\" Lebanese Member of Parliament Nadim Gemayel, affiliated with the Kataeb Party, which opposes Hezbollah, voiced complaints in August 2018, asserting that Lebanese authorities were relinquishing control of Beirut Airport to Hezbollah, abandoning their own authority.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "According to Mansour, the strategic importance of Lebanon to Iran is likely to grow, which according to Mansour poses challenges for the survival of the Lebanese state. Russia is said to have also seen an opportunity to influence Lebanon and reduce U.S. presence in the region but faces complexities in outmaneuvering Iran according to Mansour. Mansour called for a more assertive U.S. stance against Iran and its proxies for meaningful assistance to the Lebanese people.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "In October 2023, Iranian backed Hezbollah clashed with Christians opposed to Hezbollah near the Israeli border after Hezbollah sought to establish military infrastructure in the Christian village of Ain Ebel. Christians from another village in Southern Lebanon also complained of Hezbollah trying to create military infrastructure in the town.", "title": "Iranian military equipment and activity in Lebenon." }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "Most Iranian government ministries maintain an office in Beirut, including the Ministries of Education, Welfare, Telecommunications, Intelligence, Health, and Culture and Islamic Guidance.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "In the midst of a 2006 governmental crisis in Lebanon, Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah urged his supporters to prepare for mass protests with the aim of overthrowing the Western-backed government led by Prime Minister Siniora. The crisis unfolded as five Hezbollah-aligned politicians resigned from Siniora's cabinet, following failed negotiations. These talks intended to grant Hezbollah increased influence over the government, including the power to veto decisions.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "Additionally, the dispute extended to a UN-drafted plan investigating the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri, a murder widely suspected to have originated from Syria, a key supporter of Hezbollah. Hezbollah's objective appears to be the dissolution of the existing government, compelling new elections. While the current administration contends its constitutional capacity to operate without the Hezbollah-allied ministers, the potential weakening is notable, given that the Hezbollah axis, predominantly Shiite, represents Lebanon's largest single religious community.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 29, "text": "The unfolding events were described as increasing Iranian influence in Lebanon. The prevailing anti-American sentiment in the Arab world more pro-West Siniora government, and offered a boost to the Iranian-backed Hezbollah axis. Following the 2006 crisis, concerns arouse regarding Lebanon potentially becoming a puppet state under Iranian control, given the growing electoral support for Hezbollah.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 30, "text": "In 2017 a Lebanese military court handed down a death sentence to Sheikh Ahmed Assir, a prominent local Sunni jihadi leader. Assir had been incarcerated since 2015 for orchestrating clashes between his followers and the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) in Sidon two years prior, resulting in the deaths of 17 soldiers. While Assir's impending execution may not have evoked sympathy from most Lebanese, the announcement led to Sunni protests across the state. For some Sunnis, the treatment of Assir symbolized the growing, conspicuous dominance of the Shi'a militia Hezbollah backed by Shi’a Iran in Beirut.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 31, "text": "In 2022, former prime minister and sunni Muslim leader, Saad al Hariri stepped away from Lebanese politics, strengthening Iranian influence through Shi’ite Hezbollah. Hariri left his role in public discourse, citing Iranian influence as a reason for his lack of optimism regarding Lebanon's future.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 32, "text": "In recent years, following economic crisis and lack of stability in Lebanon, Lebanese Christians have abandoned pro-Hezbollah political parties which led to the Pro-Iran parliamentary political parties losing their majority in Lebanese parliament.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 33, "text": "Iranian influence in Lebanon has raised fears among Christians of an existential crisis according to Habib C. Malik, a researched in the Philos project. Malik wrote in the Christian Post that Iran and its proxies seek to remove Christians in non violence from the Middle East as well as creating conditions which would encourage Christians in Lebanon to emigrate.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 34, "text": "The leader of the opposition Kataib party, Samy Gemayel said in a TV interview that the Lebanese state has surrendered to Hezbollah. Another Christian leader suggested Christian militias were considered military struggle against Hezbollah.", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 35, "text": "In October 2023 MP Fadi Karam of the Lebanese Forces partyon told Radio Free Lebanon: \"The decision on war [in Lebanon] is currently in the hands of Iran. [The principle of] 'the unity of the fronts' means revoking the sovereignty and the independence of Iraq, Syria and Lebanon.\"", "title": "Iranian influence in Politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 36, "text": "The Iranian government sponsors numerous Lebanese students affiliated with Hizballah in Iranian universities and seminaries, particularly in Qom. Qom's seminary has a dedicated school for foreign students, offering distinct educational programs that encompass both political and theological training for these individuals.", "title": "Iranian influence in Education, Welfare and Religion" }, { "paragraph_id": 37, "text": "According to the Washington institute, Iran seeks to persuade Lebanese Shiites that the Islamic Republic not only supports their struggle against Israel but also addresses their essential needs. Hizballah has benefited from Iran's generosity, establishing a reputation for stepping in when the central government falls short in meeting the people's welfare needs. The well-funded welfare initiatives for Lebanese Shiites, supported by a propaganda apparatus, is said to contribute to Hizballah's widespread popularity among ordinary Lebanese Shiites and has consequently posed challenges for Shiite leaders outside the Hizballah faction.", "title": "Iranian influence in Education, Welfare and Religion" }, { "paragraph_id": 38, "text": "Iran has funded 2,500 Lebanese Shiite clerics, paying them monthly salaries.", "title": "Iranian influence in Education, Welfare and Religion" }, { "paragraph_id": 39, "text": "Criticism of Iran among Lebanese Shiite clerics, according to the Washington institute because is muted in regards to the Iranian revolution despite several have changed their views regards the favorability. According to Michael Barak, a growing number of Shi’ites have joined protests against Iranian backed Hezbollah.", "title": "Iranian influence in Education, Welfare and Religion" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The State Journal may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Apteropilo is a genus of beetles in the subfamily Clerinae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Second Battle of La Puerta (Spanish: Segunda Batalla de La Puerta) was a battle fought between Royalists of the Spanish Empire and the Second Republic of Venezuela on 15 June 1814. It was a crushing defeat for the Republicans and a turning point in the war that led to the fall of the Second Republic of Venezuela.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Republicans had won the Battle of Carabobo on 28 May and had become overconfident when they decided to confront the irregular Royalist army, made up mainly of llanero horsemen, commanded by José Tomás Boves. The two armies met at the gorges of La Puerta, near the Sémen River and San Juan de Los Morros, in the current state of Guárico.", "title": "The Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The battle ended with the total rout of the troops of the Second Republic of Venezuela. Boves had all the prisoners executed, including Colonel Diego Jalón.", "title": "The Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 18 June, Bolívar and Mariño arrived in Caracas with 400 survivors, closely pursued by the Royalist vanguard of Captain Ramón González (1,500 cavalry). On 25 June, José Félix Ribas and 400 cavalry managed to stop González's division and delay its advance to the capital. Meanwhile, Boves had decided to first besiege Valencia with the bulk of his army, but its garrison resisted during 21 days.", "title": "Consequences" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The heroic resistance of Valencia, gave the Republicans the time to regroup in Caracas. Ribas only managed to gather less than 2,000 soldiers. It was obvious that it was impossible to defend the capital and on 6 July, Bolívar evacuated Caracas and two thirds of the population, in a long march that is known as the Emigration to East.", "title": "Consequences" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bernie Haynes Robynson (1900—2001), was an American printmaker, illustrator, graphic artist, and educator. He is associated with the graphic history within the Harlem Renaissance, a Black cultural movement of the 1920s in New York City.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bernie Haynes Robynson was born in 1900 in Paris, Kentucky into an African American family. Some of his early records use the name Bernice Haynes Robynson. He attended classes at Knoxville College, the YMCA School of Art, the National Academy of Design, and the Art Students League of New York. Robynson had studied under Augusta Savage; British painter and sculptor, Charles Louis Hinton; and cartoonist, Mort Burger.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Robynson did commercial artwork for the Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company, and the Fuller Poster Company. His illustrations were published in The New York Age, The Crisis, and Amsterdam News.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Photographer and painter, James C. Thibodeaux had been one of Robynson's students.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He died on December 20, 2001. The Oregon Historical Society Research Library has a collection of his posters. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University also contains his work in the collection. The W. E. B. Du Bois Papers at the Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries contain the 1929 mailing address for Robynson, who was working as an illustrator for The Crisis at the time.", "title": "Death and legacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 season was Torpedo's 77th year in existence and 14th consecutive season in the top flight of Georgian football. In addition to the national league and David Kipiani Cup, the club participated in this season's edition of the Georgian Super Cup and UEFA Europa Conference League as the cup holder of the previous year.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The season covers the period from 1 January to 31 December 2023. This was the second full season under the New Vision University management after they purchased the club in September 2021.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Аs Georgia co-hosted UEFA European U21 Championship this summer, Kutaisi's central stadium underwent a thorough reconstruction. For this reason, Torpedo were unable to play home matches at their arena until the 22nd round.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The team had a promising start to the season. With a single defeat in the initial nine games, they were 3rd, five points behind the table leaders. But having picked up six points in the next second nine-match period, they dropped to 6th. By the summer break, Torpedo had experienced a significant squad and staff overhaul, which included their head coach as well.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The club drastically improved in the second half of the season. They gained as many points in their last nine games (21) as in the first eighteen matches. Ultimately, Torpedo leapfrogged their three opponents and finished among the top three for the first time in five years.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 13 January, Levan Mchedlidze, Dino Hamzić and Mate Tsintsadze left Torpedo while Oto Goshadze and Davit Samurkasovi joined the club.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 20 January, Torpedo signed Kayke David.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On 11 February, the club announced the transfer of Nika Kacharava.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 24 February, Torpedo welcomed Aldair Neto and Sunday Faleye.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On 31 March, Levan Osikmashvili was signed on loan from Dinamo Tbilisi until the end of the season.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "On 8 May, head coach Kakha Chkhetiani left Torpedo by mutual agreement with the club sitting 6th in the league table.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "On 16 May, Roin Kvaskhvadze, Giorgi Kimadze and Levan Gegetchkori left the team.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "On 17 May, the club announced that Steve Kean was appointed as a new head coach.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "On 27 May, Nika Kacharava parted ways with Torpedo.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "On 16 June, Davit Samurkasovi and Giorgi Kukhianidze left the club.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "On 23 June, Akaki Shulaia left Torpedo by mutual agreement.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "On 28 June, assistant manager Nilton Terroso as well as players Rahmat Akbari, Francois Ekongolo and Filip Kljajić joined Torpedo.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "On 8 July, Tornike Akhvlediani moved to Samtredia on loan.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "On 12 July, Anri Chichinadze, Giorgi Pantsulaia and Nikola Ninković signed with Torpedo on 1.5 year-long deals each. They were joined by Omran Haydary.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "On 24 July, Avtandil Labadze, Juba Dvalishvili and Sunday Faleye left for Samtredia.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "On 2 December, after a 2–2 draw at Dinamo Batumi, Torpedo finished the season 3rd and secured both the bronze medals and a UEFA Europa Conference League spot for next year.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "All data regarding players and squad numbers are valid as of 2 December 2023, the last match of the 2023 season. Appearances include the Erovnuli Liga only.", "title": "Squad" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Squad" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Win Draw Loss", "title": "Pre-season friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Source: Competitions", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Main article: 2023 Erovnuli Liga", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "Last updated: complete. Source: See Results", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "At the end of this season, the Erovnuli Liga named Giorgi Arabidze as midfielder of the year and included him and Lasha Shergelashvili in Team of the Year at its annual ceremony.", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "Several members of Torpedo were also recognized during the season.", "title": "Awards" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mihalkovo (Bulgarian: Михалково) is a village in southern Bulgaria. It has a population of 227 as of 2022. Mihalkovo is a spa resort.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mihalkovo is located in Smolyan Province and has a territory of 32.70 km. It is part of Devin Municipality and lies 21 km north of the municipal center Devin. The closest settlements are the villages of Selcha to the west, Stomanevo to the south and Churekovo to the east. Mihalkovo is served via the third class III-866 road Smolyan–Devin–Stamboliyski.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mihalkovo is situated in the western part of the Rhodope Mountains on the river Vacha, between the reservoirs of Tsankov Kamak upstream to the south and Vacha downstream to the north, both part of the Dospat–Vacha Hydropower Cascade (500.2 MW).", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Some 900 m east of the village is located the only naturally aerated water spring in Bulgaria, discovered in 1936. It has a temperature of 18–26 °C and output of 18 °L/s. Its mineral composition is similar of those in the springs of Vichy in France and Kislovodsk in Russia. The water is used both for spa treatment and for bottling.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The most important sectors are tourism and agriculture. The main crop are potatoes. There are fish farms in Vacha Reservoir and a bottling workshop.", "title": "Economy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Valentyna Mykolaivna Yeshchenko (born 10 August 1946) is a Ukrainian political activist, Honored Doctor of Ukraine, and chief physician of Novopetrivtsi District Hospital, Vyshgorod District, Kyiv Region. People's Deputy of Ukraine of the 1st convocation.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rivnopil (Ukrainian: Рівнопіль; Russian: Ровнополь) is a village in Volnovakha Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at about 66.44 kilometres (41.28 mi) southwest (SW) from the centre of Donetsk city. It belongs to Khlibodarivka rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In March 2022, Russian troops seized the settlement.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2001 the settlement had 1,423 inhabitants. Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:", "title": "Demographics" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Policie Hvar is a Czech-Slovak crime comedy television series. The series was initially produced under title Dobro došli. It was produced by TV Nova in cooperation with TV Markíza.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Series is set on a Croatian island Hvar. A pair of Czech-Slovak detectives Michal and Ivana helps to solve crimes related to Czech and Slovak tourists. While Michal is a witty, sarcastic \"old school\" detective, Ivana is a free-spirited, vivacious woman. Together they must restore the broken harmony of the sunny island. Together they get to investigate even the most serious crimes.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Nissan Leaf (first generation) is a compact car that was manufactured by Japanese automaker Nissan Motor Company from 2010 to 2017. A battery electric vehicle, its name—stylised as LEAF—serves as a backronym to \"leading environmentally-friendly affordable family car.\" It is the world's first series-produced battery electric automobile and has been offered exclusively as a five-door hatchback.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Leaf—Nissan's second battery-electric automobile—debuted on 2 August 2009. It is the first generation of the model and was succeeded by the second generation in 2017. Before official production commencement, Nissan developed three prototype battery electric vehicles—dubbed the EV-01, EV-02 and EV-12. The Leaf followed the unsuccessful Altra and began production in Japan on 22 October 2010. The Smyrna plant commenced manufacture of the Leaf on 13 December 2012, and the Sunderland plant followed on 27 March 2013. It was launched in Japan and the United States in December 2010, with subsequent introductions in several European countries and Canada in 2011.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Initially, the Leaf was available exclusively with a large battery pack composed of 192 flat, laminated lithium-ion cells developed in collaboration with NEC, which offers advantages such as simplified design, efficient cooling, and optimal packaging. The battery pack is located under the floor and between the wheels, optimising the vehicle's handling and interior space. The 80 kW (110 hp) AC electric motor can be powered for up to 100 miles (160 km) when the battery is fully charged. Recharging can take 16 hours on 110V or 8 hours on 220V power. Fast charging is also available with a specific charger, which can restore 80% of the battery capacity in approximately 30 minutes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Leaf has garnered both acclaim and criticism from multiple automotive critics. Car and Driver, an American automotive magazine, expressed unfavourable opinions about the inexpensive materials used in the vehicle, asserting that they seem more fitting for a car priced at half its actual cost. However, they commended the Leaf for its spacious boot/trunk, along with features like standard heated seats and, in higher-end models, a heated steering wheel and leather seats. Opinions on the battery performance and safety aspects vary, with some finding the battery and range underwhelming and others expressing concerns about safety levels.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Nissan introduced its first battery electric vehicle, the Nissan Altra, at the Los Angeles International Auto Show on 29 December 1997. The Altra EV was in production from 1998 to 2002, with a limited production of approximately 200 vehicles primarily used as fleet vehicles for companies such as electric utilities. During the same period, Nissan also developed the Nissan Hypermini, conducting a demonstration programme and selling a limited number to government and corporate fleets in Japan from 1999 to 2001. A small fleet of Hyperminis underwent field testing in various Californian cities between 2001 and 2005.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2009, Nissan unveiled the EV-11 prototype electric car, which was based on the Nissan Tiida hatchback. The prototype featured a substitution of the conventional gasoline engine with an all-electric system, comprising an 80 kW (110 hp)/280 N⋅m (210 lbf⋅ft) electric motor, a 24 kWh lithium-ion battery pack with an estimated range of 175 km (109 miles) on the United States Environmental Protection Agency's LA-4 or \"city\" driving cycle. Noteworthy features included a navigation system and remote control and monitoring capabilities via a cellphone connection through Nissan's secure data centre to the car. The technology in the EV-11 had previously undergone development and testing in the EV-01 and EV-02 test cars, both equipped with an all-electric powertrain and using the Nissan Cube (Z11) as a development mule. The EV-11 prototype was publicly showcased on 26 July 2009. A week later, on 2 August 2009, Nissan unveiled the Leaf at its Yokohama headquarters and committed to initiating retail sales in both the North American market and Japan by the end of 2010.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Nissan has an installed capacity to produce 250,000 Leafs per year; 150,000 at Smyrna, U.S., 50,000 at Oppama, Japan, and 50,000 at Sunderland, England.", "title": "Manufacture" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The first vehicles sold in the U.S. were produced at Nissan's plant in Oppama, Japan, which started production on 22 October 2010. The plant has an annual production capacity of 50,000 vehicles. Production of the electric car faced disruption for several months starting in March 2011 due to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan. Consequently, Nissan fell short of its 2011 production target of 50,000 Leafs. Anticipating a rebound in production and an expanded market presence, Nissan aimed to boost sales to 40,000 units in 2012, up from 20,000 in 2011. This strategy involved normalising production output and introducing the Leaf to additional European countries and regional markets in the U.S.", "title": "Manufacture" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Despite cumulative sales exceeding 49,000 Leafs by December 2012, Nissan experienced only a 22% increase in sales during 2012, which Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn deemed \"a disappointment for us.\" He attributed this to factors such as the adverse dollar-yen exchange rate affecting the Leaf's price. Recognising the pricing issues with the original Leaf models, Ghosn highlighted the decision to reduce the price of the 2013 model year Leaf by 18%. This reduction was made possible by the initiation of U.S. production of the electric car on a new assembly line in Smyrna, Tennessee, contributing to lowered production costs. Nissan has also implemented measures to enhance production efficiency and decrease component costs, with a particular focus on the battery pack—the most expensive component of the vehicle.", "title": "Manufacture" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Commercial production in the United States commenced on 9 January 2013 at Nissan's manufacturing facility in Smyrna, Tennessee. The plant underwent modifications, supported by a US$1.4 billion loan from the U.S. Department of Energy, enabling the production of the Nissan Leaf and its advanced batteries. The Smyrna plant was anticipated to manufacture up to 150,000 Leaf and 200,000 battery packs annually. Nissan initially planned to unveil the upgraded 2013 model year Nissan Leaf for the North American market in December 2012, but the introduction was rescheduled to January 2013 during the North American International Auto Show. The Smyrna plant began producing lithium-ion cells on 13 December 2012. These cells are utilised in the battery pack of the 2013 model year Leaf manufactured at the adjacent assembly plant. The cell fabrication factory in Smyrna is the largest plant in the U.S. that builds automotive-scale lithium-ion batteries, and it can produce batteries for up to 200,000 electric vehicles a year.", "title": "Manufacture" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Production of the Leaf at Nissan's Sunderland plant in England commenced on 28 March 2013. Nissan secured a £20.7 million grant from the British government and up to £220 million from the European Investment Bank. With a capacity to produce 60,000 lithium-ion batteries and 50,000 Leafs annually, the plant caters exclusively to the European market.", "title": "Manufacture" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The 2011 and 2012 model years received a five-star overall rating from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), while the 2013 and 2014 model years are rated four stars overall. The latter rating is attributed to lower scores in front and side tests for passengers.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The Nissan Leaf was awarded with the \"Top Safety Pick\" designation by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) in 2011. The Leaf received top ratings of \"Good\" for front, side, and rear impact crash tests, and also on rollover protection. The injury measurements except one received a \"Good\" rating, indicating a relatively low risk of significant injuries in crashes based on the IIHS's severity scale. In 2012, the European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP) conducted testing on a Nissan Leaf. The specific model subjected to the assessment was a 1,545 kg (3,406 lb), right-hand-drive, 80 kW (110 hp) small family hatchback. Electronic stability control was included as standard equipment and successfully met Euro NCAP's test requirements. The driver and front passenger seats are equipped with a standard seatbelt reminder system. Additionally, a driver-set speed limitation device is also part of the standard equipment.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In response to the considerable noise reduction inherent in electric vehicles operating at low speeds, the 2011 Nissan Leaf incorporates digital warning sounds—distinct for forward and reverse motions—to notify pedestrians, including those with visual impairments, and others of its presence. Nissan introduced the Vehicle Sound for Pedestrians (VSP) system for this purpose, also utilised in the Nissan Fuga hybrid. The VSP system generates audible alerts detectable by individuals outside the vehicle while avoiding distraction to occupants inside. During the sound's development, Nissan conducted behavioral research on the visually impaired, collaborating with cognitive and acoustic psychologists. The sine-wave sound system spans from 2.5 kHz to 600 Hz, ensuring audibility across age groups. It produces varying high-low sounds based on speed, acceleration, or deceleration, ceasing at 30 km/h (18.6 mph) and resuming below 25 km/h (16 mph). The 2011 model allowed drivers to temporarily disable the sounds, but the system automatically resets to \"On\" at the next ignition cycle. Controlled by a computer and synthesizer in the dash panel, the sound emanates from a speaker in the front driver's side wheel well. Nissan discontinued the option to disable the pedestrian alert from the 2012 model onward, anticipating a U.S. ruling by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Upon publicising the new sounds, the U.S. National Federation of the Blind commented that \"while we were pleased that the alert existed, we were unhappy that the driver could turn it off.\" In the United Kingdom, compliance with local regulations necessitated the removal of the Leaf's electric warning sound, as the law mandates the capability to disable any hazard warning sound between 11:00 pm and 6:00 am—a feature not supported by the Leaf's audible warning system.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The Leaf's battery pack benefits from protective structural steel reinforcement, safeguarding it against crash damage. To prevent shock and fire hazards, the Leaf is equipped with a battery safety system triggered during a crash involving the deployment of airbags. The airbag control unit signals a mechanical disconnection of the high voltage from the vehicle. In December 2011, Nissan reported, as an indication of the Leaf safety performance, that none of the around two dozen Leafs that were destroyed during the March 2011 tsunami caught fire and their batteries remained intact. As of December 2011, no fires after a crash have been reported in the U.S. associated with the Leaf or other plug-in electric cars available in the market.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The Leaf incorporates the CarWings telematics system, initially exclusive to Japan. Operated via a GPRS radio, akin to mobile phone connectivity, CarWings engages whenever the car is within cell tower range. This system enables various user functionalities, including mapping the car's position, estimating range, and identifying available charging stations. It tracks and compiles statistics on distance travelled and energy consumption, generating daily, monthly, and annual reports displayed on the Leaf's digital screens. All information is available on the Leaf's digital screens. Owners can remotely control the air-conditioner, heater, and charging functions through a smartphone app or secure web page, even when the vehicle is powered down. his feature allows pre-heating or pre-cooling during charging, minimising battery usage for climate control. The onboard timer allows pre-programmed charging during off-peak rates. Additionally, the Leaf's SL trim incorporates a small solar panel on the roof/spoiler, providing a trickle charge to the auxiliary battery. The Leaf's SL trim has a small solar panel at the rear of the roof/spoiler that can trickle charge the auxiliary battery.", "title": "Features" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "In its five-cycle testing, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) determined the 2011 model Leaf's energy consumption to be 0.212 kWh/km (34 kWh/100 miles). The Leaf received a combined fuel economy rating of 99 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPGe) (2.4 L/100 km), equivalent to 106 mpg‑US (2.2 L/100 km; 127 mpg‑imp) in city driving and 92 mpg‑US (2.6 L/100 km; 110 mpg‑imp) on highways. For the 2013 model year, it achieved a 15% improvement in its EPA fuel economy combined ratings. According to the EPA, the 2013 Leaf improved its energy consumption to 115 mpg‑e (29 kW⋅h/100 mi; 18.2 kW⋅h/100 km) from 99 mpg‑e (34 kW⋅h/100 mi; 21 kW⋅h/100 km), giving 129 mpg‑e (26 kW⋅h/100 mi; 16.2 kW⋅h/100 km) in city driving and 102 mpg‑e (33 kW⋅h/100 mi; 21 kW⋅h/100 km) on highways.", "title": "Sustainability" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "According to the EPA, the 2014 and 2015 model year Leafs have an energy consumption of 30 kWh/100 miles, for a combined city/highway rating of 114 mpg‑e (30 kW⋅h/100 mi; 18.4 kW⋅h/100 km); 126 MPGe (26.7 kW⋅h/100 mi; 16.6 kW⋅h/100 km) city and 101 MPGe (33.4 kW⋅h/100 mi; 20.7 kW⋅h/100 km) highway. The 2016 Leaf with the smaller 24 kWh battery has the same ratings and energy consumption as the 2014/15 models, while the trims with the larger 30 kWh has the same energy consumption of 30 kWh/100 miles, but was rated 112 MPGe (30.1 kW⋅h/100 mi; 18.7 kW⋅h/100 km) for combined city/highway; 124 MPGe (27.2 kW⋅h/100 mi; 16.9 kW⋅h/100 km) city and 101 MPGe (33.4 kW⋅h/100 mi; 20.7 kW⋅h/100 km) highway.", "title": "Sustainability" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "In February 2014, the Automotive Science Group (ASG) conducted a comprehensive study assessing the life cycle of over 1,300 automobiles in nine categories sold in North America. The findings revealed that, among advanced automotive technologies, the Nissan Leaf demonstrated the smallest life-cycle environmental footprint of any model year 2014 automobile available in the North American market with a minimum four-person occupancy. The study concluded that the increased environmental impacts of manufacturing the battery electric technology are more than offset by the enhanced environmental performance during operational life. The assessment utilised the average electricity mix of the U.S. grid in 2014.", "title": "Sustainability" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "In December 2014, Nissan announced that Leaf owners have collectively driven 1 billion kilometres (625 million miles). This amount of electric distance translates into avoiding 180 million kilograms of CO2 emissions by driving an electric car in comparison to travelling with a gasoline-powered car. In December 2016, Nissan reported that Leaf owners worldwide achieved the milestone of 3 billion kilometres (1.9 billion miles) driven collectively through November 2016, saving nearly 500 million kilograms of CO2 emissions.", "title": "Sustainability" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "In North America, the Nissan Leaf falls under the classification of a compact car, while in the UK, it is categorised as a small family car or a C-segment car. The Leaf's boot/trunk space is rated at 24 cu ft (679.6 L) with rear seats up and 30 cu ft (849.5 L) with rear seats down. The lower portion of the vehicle is equipped with aerodynamic panelling aimed at minimising drag and enhancing overall aerodynamics. Nissan states that the 2011 model year Leaf has a drag coefficient of Cd=0.29 which was further improved to Cd=0.28 in 2012 for the 2013 model year. American automotive magazine Car and Driver, using a wind tunnel, measured a drag coefficient of Cd=0.32 for the 2012 model year Leaf.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "The battery was developed and engineered by the Automotive Energy Supply Corporation (AESC), a joint venture between Nissan, NEC, and NEC Energy Devices. Its placement and distribution—below the seats and rear foot space—help lower of the car's centre of gravity and increase structural rigidity compared to a conventional five-door hatchback. The battery comprises 48 modules, each accommodating four battery cells, culminating in a total of 192 cells. The battery's nominal capacity is rated at 24.15 kWh, while its usable capacity was assessed at 21.381 kWh. The battery and control module together weigh 218 kg (480 lb) the specific energy of the cells is 140 W·h/kg. In 2011, Nissan projected a minimum battery lifespan of 10 years, retaining 80% usable capacity after five years. However, data collected from over 400,000 Leafs sold in Europe indicated a battery lifespan of 22 years, surpassing the initial presumption by 10–12 years.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Nissan provided guidelines to help owners enhance the longevity and charging performance of the lithium-ion battery. These recommendations include avoiding extended exposure to ambient temperatures exceeding 120 °F (49 °C) and refraining from storing the vehicle in temperatures below −13 °F (−25 °C) for more than 7 days. It is advisable to limit the state of charge to 70% to 80% when frequently using fast or quick charging and to allow the battery charge to drop below 80% before initiating a recharge. Owners are also cautioned against leaving the vehicle unattended for over 14 days, particularly when the Li-ion battery available charge gauge indicates zero or near-zero state of charge. In addition to the main battery, the Leaf also has an auxiliary 12-volt lead–acid battery that provides power to the car computer systems and accessories such as the audio system, supplemental restraint systems, headlights and windshield wipers.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "In the US market, SV and SL trims feature an SAE J1772 connector designed for (120/240 volts AC). Utilising standard mains electricity and the provided cable, the vehicle replenishes approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) of range per hour. The SL trim offers an optional CHAdeMO port, enabling a charge from fully discharged to 80% capacity in approximately 30 minutes. Nissan cautions that if fast charging constitutes the primary method of recharging, a normal and gradual battery capacity loss of about 10% more than regular 240-volt charging may occur over a 10-year period. Various other make compatible charging stations, and both companies and local governments are actively involved in diverse initiatives to establish electric vehicle network of public charging stations for electric vehicles.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Models featuring a 3.6 kW onboard charger can achieve a full recharge from empty in seven to eight hours, using a 220/240-volt supply. Models equipped with a 6.6 kW onboard charger can be fully recharged in four hours from a 220/240-volt outlet.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "The United States Environmental Protection Agency officially rates the range of the Nissan Leaf at 117 kilometres (73 mi), significantly lower than Nissan's quoted figure of 160 kilometres (99 mi). The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), responsible for labeling alternative fuel vehicles, challenges the EPA's assessment, contending that the accurate range falls within 154 and 177 km (96 and 110 miles). Although the FTC does not conduct its own tests as EPA does, it relies on standards established by SAE International and the data provided by automakers. The Leaf has a range of 175 km (109 miles) on the New European Driving Cycle.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "According to evaluations from third-party test drives conducted in the U.S., the actual range achievable on a single charge can fluctuate by up to 40% in real-world conditions. Reports indicate a range spanning from approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) to nearly 222 kilometres (138 mi), contingent on factors such as driving habits, load, traffic conditions, weather (including wind and atmospheric density), and accessory usage. Nissan's own tests on the Leaf, conducted under various scenarios to estimate real-world range, yielded a worst-case scenario of 76 kilometres (47 mi) and a best-case scenario of 222 kilometres (138 mi). The table below summarises the results from each scenario tested using the EPA's L4 test cycle, with the EPA rating provided as a reference:", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "American organisation Consumer Reports conducted a test on a 2011/12 model Nissan Leaf loaner, evaluating its performance as a daily commuter in cold weather. The average range achieved was 105 km (65 miles) per charge, with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 °F (−7 to −1 °C). During one trip in temperatures as low as 10 °F (−12 °C), the range indicator started at 32 km (20 miles). After covering 13 km (8 miles), the Leaf experienced a drastic loss of power, gradually slowing down until the final stretch was completed at almost walking speed. Consumer Reports concluded that while the Leaf functions as designed in cold temperatures, there is a need for a more accurate range panel indicator.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 29, "text": "In June 2011, Nissan observed that, on average, owners recharge their electric vehicles for two hours nightly, and some owners are able to cover two days on a single charge. In October 2011, Nissan North America provided insights from a larger sample of 7,500 Leafs on U.S. roads, indicating that the average driver covers 60 km (37 miles) daily, with an average trip length of 11 km (7 miles) measured as the distance between power on and power off.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 30, "text": "According to Nissan, the U.S. 2013 model year Leaf has a more efficient heating system that allows the Leaf to extend its range in cold-weather conditions by 32 to 40 km (20 to 25 miles). The EPA rating increased from 117 km (73 miles) in previous models to 121 km (75 miles). Nissan clarified that the ratings are not directly comparable due to changes in EPA test procedures for electric cars in 2013. Before 2013, the agency estimated the range assuming the battery pack was charged to 100% of its capacity. Nissan estimated that the MY2013 Leaf has a range figure of 135 kilometres (84 mi) from a 100% charge (Long-Distance Mode) and a figure of 106 kilometres (66 mi) from an 80% charge (Long-Life Mode). The new EPA testing procedure considers the average of these two ranges. The improved Long-Distance Mode range results from enhancements to the regenerative braking system, overall weight reduction, and improved aerodynamics.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 31, "text": "The 2013 European version, has a certified range of 200 km (120 miles) under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), up from 175 km (109 miles) for the 2011/12 model.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 32, "text": "The official EPA range for the 2014 and 2015 model year Leaf, increased from 121 to 135 km (75 to 84 miles). The difference in range is due to a technicality, as Nissan decided to eliminate the EPA blended range rating, which was an average of the 80% charge range and the 100% charge range. For the 2014 model year, only the 100% charge range figure applies.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 33, "text": "Nissan enhanced the car's range on a full charge by incorporating a larger battery capacity. The SL and SV trims are equipped with a 30 kWh battery, while the S trim originally retained the smaller 24 kWh battery from earlier Leaf models. However, during the 2016 model year, Nissan transitioned the base Leaf S model from a 24 kWh to a 30 kWh battery.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 34, "text": "The 2016 Nissan Leaf equipped with the 30 kWh battery has an official EPA range of 172 km (107 miles), while the NEDC estimates the range to be 249 km (155 miles). The range for the Leaf with the smaller 24 kWh is 135 km (84 miles), the same as the 2014/15 model year.", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 35, "text": "Nissan unveiled the Nissan Leaf Aero Style concept car at the 2011 Tokyo Auto Salon. The Leaf Aero Style exterior has a new front bumper, extended side skirts, restyled mirrors, LED daytime driving lights, and special wheels.", "title": "Related cars" }, { "paragraph_id": 36, "text": "Nissan unveiled the Leaf Nismo RC (Racing Competition) demonstration car at the 2011 New York International Auto Show. This electric car has the same battery pack and motor as the Leaf but is designed and constructed as a racing car with a full carbon fiber monocoque body which makes it about 40% lighter than the production Leaf. Leaf Nismo RC is projected to have a running time of around 20 minutes under racing conditions, and in preliminary testing it accelerated from 0 to 62 mph (0 to 100 km/h) in 6.85 seconds and has a top speed of 93 mph (150 km/h). Nissan built eight of these rear-wheel drive cars.", "title": "Related cars" }, { "paragraph_id": 37, "text": "Nismo introduced another concept from at the 2011 Tokyo Motor Show, known as the Leaf Nismo Concept. Designed as a standard highway-capable vehicle, it shares the same 80 kW electric motor as the standard Leaf. Nissan announced in January 2013 that the Leaf Nismo would be manufactured in limited quantities by mid-2013, exclusively for the Japanese market. While maintaining the Leaf's electric drivetrain without additional power enhancements, the Leaf Nismo features an aerodynamic body kit influenced by the electric Leaf RC demonstrator, new alloy wheels, and interior improvements.", "title": "Related cars" }, { "paragraph_id": 38, "text": "The Infiniti LE is a battery electric, compact executive concept car that was unveiled at the 2012 New York International Auto Show. Built on the same platform as the Leaf, it was anticipated to serve as Nissan's luxury electric car and was initially slated for production in 2014. However, in May 2013, the company announced a delay, citing the need to await inductive charging industry standards before launching the vehicle. Ultimately, the Infiniti LE never proceeded to production.", "title": "Related cars" }, { "paragraph_id": 39, "text": "Nissan and its joint venture partner, Dongfeng Motor unveiled a production version of the Venucia e30 electric car at the 2012 Auto Guangzhou. An earlier version, the Venucia E-Concept, was unveiled at the 2012 Beijing Auto Show. Initially scheduled for production in China by 2015, the Venucia e30 was officially launched in the Chinese market in September 2014. The Venucia e30 shares the bodywork, dimensions, electric-drive specifications and several other aspects of the Leaf. Dongfeng Nissan started pilot projects in 15 Chinese cities to promote the Venucia e30 with local governments. In April 2014, Dongfeng Nissan announced an earlier-than-scheduled start to retail sales for the Venucia e30.", "title": "Related cars" }, { "paragraph_id": 40, "text": "In 2010, the Leaf received the Green Car Vision Award at the Washington Auto Show from the Green Car Journal. The Journal commended the Leaf for offering features, styling, and a driving experience that caters to a sophisticated market, while producing zero localised emissions and requiring no petroleum fuels. Popular Mechanics, upon awarding the Leaf its 2010 Breakthrough Award, explained that the Nissan Leaf is \"not the first pure EV, but [...] hits the mainstream like none of its predecessors.\" Popular Mechanics also alluded to the Leaf's 160 km (100 miles) range, which is said to be \"enough for most commuters for the price of an average vehicle – and with a much lower operating cost than gasoline-powered vehicles.\"", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 41, "text": "The Leaf garnered several other notable awards, including the 2011 European Car of the Year, the 2011 Eco-Friendly Car of the Year by Cars.com, and the 2011 Green Fleet Electric Vehicle of the Year. Mother Earth News included it among the \"Best Green Cars\" of 2011, and also was ranked first in Kelley Blue Book Top 10 Green Cars for 2011. It Leaf achieved global recognition by winning the 2011 World Car of the Year and being a finalist for the 2011 World Green Car. Ward's Auto also acknowledged the Leaf's 80 kW electric motor in its 2011 list of Ward's 10 Best Engines. Furthermore, at the Tokyo Motor Show in December 2011, the Leaf was awarded with the 2011–2012 Car of the Year Japan.", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 42, "text": "American magazine Car and Driver criticised the Leaf for having only one 12-volt accessory port. The magazine pointed out that, despite expectations of an electric vehicle being capable of charging a cell phone continuously, the Leaf's 192 lithium-ion battery cells prioritize energy for forward motion. Any power allocation to non-propulsion features, such as headlights, air conditioning, and the stereo, is noted to impact the vehicle's maximum range, emphasising the cost associated with diverting energy from the primary function. Car and Driver noted the use of inexpensive materials in the vehicle, deeming them more appropriate for a car half its actual price. Despite this, the magazine praised it for its spacious trunk and standard heated seats and, in higher-end models, a heated steering wheel and leather seats.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 43, "text": "British magazine What Car? characterised the car as easy to drive, cost-effective to operate, and spacious. Nevertheless, they raised concerns about its compact boot, extended charging time, and diminished range in cold weather conditions. They described the equipment levels as \"generous,\" stating that the entry-level model features a commendable amount of standard features. British magazine car described the Leaf as both \"soothing and stressful.\" The soothing aspects include a relaxing drive, minimal vibrations, and a quiet cabin. Commendation was given for its comfortable seats and an the \"inviting\" interior. However, the process of unplugging and coiling the cable into the boot before departure was likened by Car as the \"21st-century equivalent of hand cranking your car,\" often resulting in a wet cable that accumulates leaves. Car also expressed concerns about the vehicle's poor battery life in cold weather and the frequent need for charging.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 44, "text": "British newspaper The Guardian described the Leaf's styling as \"quirky,\" admiring its headlights likened to \"frogs' eyes.\" The newspaper stated that it is fun to drive in a \"dodgem-like way,\" praising its fast acceleration and its effective performance in snowy conditions. British service company RAC praised its sufficient amount of space, describing it as \"bright and airy.\" They commended the good quality materials used throughout, the equitable amount of rear leg and headroom, and its respectable luggage capacity, given its large battery pack.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Porsche Carrera Cup Middle East is the inaugural season of the Porsche Carrera Cup Middle East. The season began at Bahrain International Circuit on 2 November and will finish at Jeddah Corniche Circuit on 9 March.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is Venezia FC's 117th season in existence and the club's second consecutive season in the second division of Italian football. The season covers the period from 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Source: Competitions", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Last updated: October 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 11 July 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "An amappo (アマッポ) is a traditional bear and deer hunters' trap of the Ainu people of the northern Japanese archipelago and Sakhalin. Amappo-based traps were also used by ethnic Japanese matagi hunters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mechanically, the amappo is a simple crossbow of elastic yew wood set in a low post with a release mechanism actuated by a tripwire strung across a desire path. When an animal traversing the path disturbs the tripwire, a loaded arrow is released. These arrows were wrapped in birchbark to protect them from rain, marked with a family symbol to indicate ownership of the kill, and coated with a paste of surku (スㇽク), a lethal poison derived from aconitum ground in a mortar and pestle specially set aside for the purpose.", "title": "Summary" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Hunting by amappo was usually carried out in spring and autumn, when dense foliage made sighting prey more difficult and cold weather slowed the decomposition of carcasses.", "title": "Use" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The elevation of the tripwire was adjusted depending on the animal being targeted in order to improve the chance of the arrow striking the heart. For example, a tripwire for deer would be strung roughly 10 centimeters higher than that for a bear.", "title": "Use" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A number of methods were developed to prevent passersby from inadvertently tripping an amappo. For one, the tripwire was typically allowed a degree of slack so that the trajectory of a released arrow would pass behind the thigh of a standing person. Another technique was to carve images of bows and arrows into nearby tree trunks to warn about the presence of an amappo.", "title": "Use" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Many recipes for surku were handed down by different Ainu villages, but aconitum was invariably the base. Aconitum flowers gathered in the mountains were allowed to dry for at least one month before being ground and mixed with water, whereupon the strength of the poison would be tested.", "title": "Preparation, efficacy, and handling of surku" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "If the level of toxicity was too low, even if the arrow hit the target, the prey would escape. Conversely, if the toxicity was too strong, the poison would spread throughout the prey's body, rendering its meat inedible. Furthermore, in cases of excessive toxicity, the animal's fur would soon fall out, ruining even the pelt. However, when hunters faced a man-eating bear (ウェンカムイ, wenkamuy), the greatest possible level of toxicity was used as the meat and pelts of such bears were taboo.", "title": "Preparation, efficacy, and handling of surku" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "According to information obtained by the surgeon Sekiba Fujihiko [ja] from the Ainu of the Saru River and Hidaka Mountains, brown bears poisoned with surku initially react violently but gradually become quiet, stiffening their limbs and foaming at the mouth before dying after about two hours. If the surku was formulated to have stronger toxicity, it will kill within one hour.", "title": "Preparation, efficacy, and handling of surku" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The meat of animals killed by surku could be eaten as long as \"a fistful\" of tissue was gouged out from around the site of the arrow impact and discarded. However, even the remaining meat could never be eaten raw, and needed to be cooked.", "title": "Preparation, efficacy, and handling of surku" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John O'Gorman may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jayant Jathar is an Indian film editor and director who predominantely works in Marathi film industry. His directorial debut is the upcoming film Panchak.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Henry Ross Power OBE DL (31 December 1897 – 12 May 1963) was an English first-class cricketer and an officer in the British Indian Army.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The son of Kingsmill Power, he was born at Kensington in December 1897. Power was educated at Rossall School, after which he went to British India to attend the Cadet College at Wellington, graduating from there into the British Indian Army (BIA) as a second lieutenant in April 1916, which was nearly two years into the First World War. He was attached to the 37th Dogras, with whom promotion to lieutenant followed in April 1917. Following the end of the war, he was promoted to captain in April 1920. While serving in India, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for the Europeans cricket team. The first came for the Europeans against the Hindus at Lahore in 1927–28 Lahore Tournament, with his second coming for the Punjab Governor's XI against Northern India in March 1928; In the latter match, he scored a century with a score of 136.", "title": "Life and military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Power was promoted to major in the BIA in April 1934, while in September of that year he was appointed to be an instructor at the Indian Military Academy. Having vacated his appointment as an instructor in August 1937, Power would go onto serve in the Second World War. During the war, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in April 1942, Following the end of the war, he promoted to colonel in May 1947, antedated to April 1945. He retired from active service in September 1948, two years after the end of the war and just over a year after Indian Independence; the latter event resulting in his transfer to the special list of the British Army. After the end of his military career, he maintained a military association by being a member of the Territorial Army, with the 10th/11th Surrey Battalion. Power was made an Order of the British Empire in the 1956 Birthday Honours and was later appointed a deputy lieutenant for Surrey in September 1959. He was awarded the Cadet Forces Medal in September 1961, having resigned his commission in the TA in the same month.", "title": "Life and military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Power died in May 1963 at Cobham, Surrey. He was married to Josephine Lesley St. John Wilson, the daughter of Henry Wilson, who was the Bishop of Chelmsford from 1929 to 1950.", "title": "Life and military career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Iryna Oleksiivna Yefremova (born 26 March 1959) is a Ukrainian politician. People's Deputy of Ukraine of the 8th convocation. Since October 5, 2018, a member of the Central Election Commission of Ukraine.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Independent Children's Monitor (Aroturuki Tamariki) is a departmental agency within New Zealand's Education Review Office. It was established by the New Zealand Government in 2019 to ensure organisations working with children, young people, and their families were complying with the National Care Standards. On 1 May 2023, its role was expanded to include oversight over the entire Oranga Tamariki (Ministry for Children) system. As of 2023, Arran Jones was the Chief Executive of the Independent Children's Monitor while Nova Banaghan served as the Chief Monitor.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Arran Jones serves as Chief Executive of the Independent Children's Monitor while Nova Banaghan served as the Chief Monitor. The Monitors are also supported by several Māori leaders known as Te Kāhui. As of 2023, Te Kāhui consists of Mark Wiremu Solomon, Druis Barrett, Katie Murray and Eugene Ryder. The Independent Children's Monitor also reports to Minister for Social Development and Employment Louise Upston.", "title": "Leadership and functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Independent Children's Monitor is governed by the Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Act 2022, which requires the agency to act independently of all government agencies that it monitors. Per law, its operations and findings are independent of government ministers and agencies. The Monitor also submits its reports to Parliament, whose Ministers do not have the power to comment on drafts. The Independent Children's Monitor also works with the Children and Young People's Commission and the Office of the Ombudsman. While the Commission focuses more on advocacy, the Children's Monitor is primarily a monitoring agency.", "title": "Leadership and functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Children's Monitor monitors the Oranga Tamaraki system by ensure that organisations working with children and young people comply with their goals and legal requirements, monitor compliance with the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989, National Care Standards regulations, and the Oversight of the Oranga Tamariki System Act 2022, and monitor systems-based performance by using an outcomes-based approach to vulnerable children and young people. Besides interacting with children, young people and their communities, the Children's Monitor also works with government agencies such as Oranga Tamariki and the New Zealand Police, and community organisations including Māori and iwi (tribal) organisations.", "title": "Leadership and functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Independent Children's Monitor was established in 2019 to ensure that organisations working with children and young people complied with the Government's National Care Standards. It was first established as a business unit of the Ministry of Social Development.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In August 2022, the Sixth Labour Government passed two new laws replacing the Office of the Children's Commissioner with the Children and Young People's Commission and sharing oversight of the Oranga Tamariki system between the Independent Monitor and Ombudsman.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In mid April 2023, Deputy Public Service Commissioner Heather Baggott confirmed the appointment of Arran Jones to the positions of Independent Monitor of the Oranga Tamariki System and Chief Executive of the Independent Children's Monitor, commencing 1 May 2023. The Independent Children's Monitor's role was also expanded to include oversight of the entire Oranga Tamariki system. The organisation was also reconstituted as a departmental agency within the Education Review Office.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Official website", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Children and Young People's Commission (Mana Mokopuna) is an independent Crown entity established by the New Zealand Government in July 2023 as a successor to the former Office of the Children's Commissioner. Like its predecessor, Maka Mokopuna advocates for children's rights in New Zealand, provides advice and guidance to the government and agencies, and lobbies for children in the decision-making process. The Commission consists of the Chief Children's Commissioner and five part-time Commissioners.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Commission is an independent Crown entity consisted of the Chief Children's Commissioner and five Commissioners. As of December 2023, Maka Mokopuna's membership consists of the Chief Children's Commissioner Dr. Claire Ahmad, Deputy Children's Commissioner Donna Matahaere-Atariki, and Children's Commissioners Dr. Julie Wharewera-Mika, Ronelle Baker, and Josiah Tualamali'i.", "title": "Leadership and functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Commission's regulatory framework is the Children and Young People's Commission Act 2022 and the companion Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Act 2022. Under the Oversight of Oranga Tamariki Act, the Commission retains the responsibility to monitor Oranga Tamariki's youth residences under the Optional Protocol on the Convention against Torture (OPCAT), including the use of both planned and unplanned visits. The Commission also works with the Independent Children's Monitor, which also assumed the monitoring functions of the former Office of the Children's Commissioner. The Commission focuses more on advocacy for children and young people.", "title": "Leadership and functions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 24 August 2022, the Sixth Labour Government passed the Children and Young People's Commission Act 2022, which replaced the Office of the Children's Commissioner with the Children and Young People's Commission. The law change was opposed by all parties excepted the governing Labour Party.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Commission formally came into existence on 1 July 2023, assuming the functions of the Office of the Children's Commissioner. The last Children's Commissioner Judge Frances Eivers served as the first Chief Children's Commissioner until 31 October 2023. She was succeeded by Dr. Ahmad, who was succeeded by Matahaere-Atariki, Dr Wharewera-Mika, Tualamali'I, and Baker.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Official website", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Here are the list of Miss Intercontinental winner from different countries. The current Miss Intercontinental is Chatnalin Chotjirawarachat of Thailand, who was crowned on December 15, 2023, at Sharm El-Sheik, Egypt.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "2019 World Wrestling Champions was a professional wrestling event, promoted by Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan. The event took place on 21 December 2019 at the Dreamworld Resorts in Karachi, Sindh. It was the second pay-per-view event of Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan, with Rumble in Pakistan being the first.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The card consisted of nine matches including the main event for the inaugural PWFP World Heavyweight Championship between Rhyno, Jordan, Matt Cross, Danny, RJ Faddy and Low Rider in a 6-men ladder match.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2017, Nauman Suleman opened first ever Pakistani professional wrestling academy in Karachi. Many wrestlers were selected. They bought a complex at North Nazimabad Town which is now named as the \"PWFP Complex\" and started to hold shows there.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "PWFP features professional wrestling matches that involve different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds and storylines. Wrestlers portray heroes, villains, or less distinguishable characters in scripted events that build tension and culminate in a wrestling match or series of matches. Storylines are produced on PWFP Seasons episodes.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lou Gotti announced that he his going to Pakistan to sign an deal with Nauman Suleman. Later on Nauman Suleman rejected the deal an offered another deal to Lou Gotti. After that Lou Gotti got furious and challenged Nauman Suleman to a singles match for the company takeover.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "A triple-threat match was set for the PWFP Ultimate Championship between Sammy Guevara, Raja Naveed and Joe Alonzo. Sammy Guevara escaped from the match and didn't arrived. Then JTG replaced Sammy Guevara. The match then became the #1 Contender for the PWFP Ultimate Championship.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "There were four wrestlers absent from the event including international wrestlers Shad Gaspard and PWFP Ultimate Champion Sammy Guevara. Shawn Hernandez also remained absent from the event.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Local Pakistani wrestlers Ramzan Khan and Juma Zaib were also absent from the event. Juma Zaib's match with Sher Khan in a tables match was cancelled with Sher Khan becoming partner of Sardar in the triple threat tag-team match.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In November 2019, PWFP held a press conference. Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan's chairman Nauman Suleman and Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan's executive vice president Kamran Mughal attended the press conference along with Dreamworld Resort's Head of Marketing Faraz-al-Huda. PWFP superstars Jordan, Danny, AA Junior and others had also attended the press. In the press conference, it was announced that there would be a PWFP World Heavyweight Championship Qualifying Tournament. On 1 December 2019, The PWFP World Heavyweight Championship Qualifying Tournament took place in the PWFP Complex. Jordan, Danny and RJ Faddy had won their matches and had qualified for the six-men ladder match at 2019 World Wrestling Champions.", "title": "Event" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On 19 December 2019, International superstars including Rhyno, Matt Cross, Nigel Rabid, Lou Gotti, arrived at the Jinnah International Airport. They were received by Nauman Suleman and Kamran Mughal at the Jinnah International Airport. They were taken to the Dreamworld Resorts in vans. On the next day, Alberto Del Rio arrived at Jinnah International Airport.", "title": "Event" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The 2019 World Wrestling Champions kickoff was between Raja Naveed, JTG and Joe Alonzo. He was supported by the crowd and mostly everyone was cheering for him to win the match. He had won the match to become the #1 Contender for the PWFP Ultimate Championship. A special match was made between Nauman Suleman (Chairman of Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan) and Lou Gotti (Chairman of VIP Wrestling). Both had many arguments on Facebook pages and it was decided that the winner of the match would takeover the other's company. When Nigel Rabid was conducting interviews at the Dreamworld Resorts, he was talking about the event while Lou Gotti took the mike from Nigel and Nauman Suleman appeared. They had a fight at the interviews. When the match took place at Dreamworld Resorts, Lou Gotti attacked Nauman Suleman from behind. However The match ended in a draw by double-pin. Cashe Trigger defeated Alex Cuevas. Then came the first ever Pakistani professional luchador match between AA Junior and Shaheen. Next came the triple-threat tag team match. Fil Bane betrayed his partner Ninzayi and attacked him. He helped his group Oblivion (Cain and Abel) to win the match and so did the Oblivion won. Then was the Biker Gang's member match between Khan Badshah and Khan Rider in which Khan Badshah defeated Khan Rider. Demon Saqib had become the new PWFP Hardcore Championship by defeating Arbab Fahim Kasi \"Panda\" and Lucifer. in a triple threat hardcore match. Alberto Del Rio was also in the event and he was scheduled to wrestle a mystery wrestler. The mystery wrestler was PWFP'S Superstar Articmyt. It was a buried alive match. Alberto Del Rio had won the match.", "title": "Event" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The main event was for the inaugural PWFP World Heavyweight Championship in a 5-men ladder match between Matt Cross, Rhyno, The Danny, RJ Faddy and Low Rider. The Danny defeated all four superstars to become the first ever PWFP World Heavyweight Champion.", "title": "Event" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Template:Source Wikipedia", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "REDIRECTBasshunter#Philanthropy", "title": "" } ]

[]

[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan (PWFP) also known as PWF Pakistan is a Pakistani wrestling promotion, founded in 2012 in Karachi, Pakistan. Its inception was by PWFP president and chairman Nauman Suleman. Kamran Mughal joined Nauman Suleman as the Executive Vice President. Since July 28 of 2017.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 12 April 2012, Pakistan Pro Wrestling Federation Entertainment (PPWFE) held their first-ever show in Karachi with a little over 90 people at Kalyana Academy. Initially, the drive started with 12 people, but as the trainings began, the people began to understand that it's not a cakewalk, they backed out after just 2 days of training and only 4 people left which were Nauman Suleman, Ali Qazi, Haider Naqvi and Muhammad Yousaf (Cena Jr.).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "This marked the new beginning of pro-wrestling in Pakistan after nearly 5 decades since Antonio Inoki tried to open a wrestling school in Pubjab which never saw the light of the day.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The company was named \"Ring of Slam\" which was situated at 24/7 Gym in Karachi. All matches were held on a wrestling ring which cost around 600,000 PKR. On Jan 9, 2018, PWFP held its first-ever mega public-driven event at Atrium Mall. They introduced a National Television Championship which was defended in the Mall. The ROS World Heavyweight Championship was also introduced.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Then after a few months, they changed the company's name to Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan to become more nation-friendly. On Jul 28th, 2018, PWFP introduced their PWFP Season 1. In December 2018, the PWFP Ultimate Championship was introduced with Jordan being the first champion. In April 2019, PWFP announced a new PWFP Hardcore Championship which would be defended in a Royale Battle match. On April 28, 2019, PWFP held its first pay-per-view event \"Rumble in Pakistan\" in Karachi. It gained a lot promotion. Panda won 30 Men First Ever Rumble in Pakistan and became the inaugural PWFP Hardcore Champion. In 2019, RJ Faddy became the head coach of Pro Wrestling Federation of Pakistan. In August 2019, actor Waqas Pasha became the ring announcer and commentator for PWFP.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On Dec 21, 2019, PWFP held its second event \"World Wrestling Champions\" in which many international superstars came to Pakistan including Altberto Del Rio, Rhyno, Matt Cross, JTG and others.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On July 28, 2018, PWFP held its first season named the \"PWFP Season 1\". Every year, they have PWFP Seasons. They started PWFP Season 2 on June 22, 2019. On March 8, 2020, PWFP Season 3 started. Since the COVID-19 pandemic in the beginning of 2020, all major events and shows planned by PWFP took a hit but, they were not cancelled and 2021 will see all those events coming back in a bigger and better way than they were initially planned for.", "title": "Seasons" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "PWFP's first pay-per-view PWFP Rumble in Pakistan was aired on Geo Super at Eid-ul-Fitr. Their second event World Wrestling Champions will also be aired.", "title": "Programming" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In November 2019, Lou Gotti announced at VIP Wrestling Dallas that he would go global. He revealed that he will go to Pakistan and VIP Wrestling Dallas had signed the partnership with PWFP.", "title": "Partnerships" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On 21 February 2020, Australasian Wrestling Federation announced that they have a partnership with PWFP. They announced that there would be a Pakistan vs Australia series in 2020. which got delayed due to Covid. These series will now take place in 2022.", "title": "Partnerships" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Template:PWFP", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Template:Source Wikipedia", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Marie Christiane Dorine Chukowry, or Dorine Cukowry, (born 1974) is a Mauritian politician.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Chukowry was born in Port Louis. She received her primary school education at Loretto Convent of Port Louis, before starting her secondary school education at London College, which she subsequently left in order to complete her secondary school education at St Batholomew College. She graduated with a Higher School Certificate in 1992 from the latter.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She then worked at the same St Batholomew College as a clerk, where she was later promoted to School Principal.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Whilst working Chukowry also studied accounting, graduating with a Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.. She then undertook postgraduate studies in Counselling (Master of Arts in Counselling) and in educational administration and technology (Master of Science), followed by a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.).", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Dorine Chukowry's interest in politics started when her husband joined the MMM in the 1990s. By 2007 she had also joined the MMM via the Women's Wing. In 2009 she was elected by the party members, securing the seat of Treasurer.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "She served as Councillor at the Municipality of Port Louis following her election in 2012. Dorine Chukowry then became Deputy Lord Mayor, and on 20 December 2013 she was elected as Lord Mayor of Port Louis as a candidate of the MSM-MMM coalition, thus becoming the first female Lord Mayor of the capital city of Mauritius.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2018 Dorine Chukowry resigned from the MMM and joined the MSM after waging lengthy and bitter skirmishes with MMM politicians Veda Baloomoody and Arianne Navarre-Marie.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "At the 2019 General Elections she stood as a candidate of the MSM at Constituency No.1 Port Louis West-GRNW and was elected, serving as Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) of the MSM-ML coalition government led by Pravind Jugnauth. In August 2023 Dorine Chukowry replaced Soodesh Callichurn as Minister of Commerce and Consumer Protection. Since 2019 Callichurn held this ministry as an interim measure.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Josh Silver (born September 15, 1989) is a British author. He is a former actor and mental health nurse. His debut novel, HappyHead, the first in a dystopian series of YA books, was nominated for the 2024 Carnegie Medal for writing and named an Amazon Best YA book of 2023. The sequel, Dead Happy, is slated for release in the UK on May 2nd, 2024. The series will be published by Delacorte at Penguin Random House in the USA in autumn, 2024. The screen rights were acquired by actor Taron Egerton and Range Media Partners in a highly competitive auction pre-publication.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Silver grew up in the Lake District and moved to Manchester when he was a teenager. He attended RADA at the age of 17. After appearing on Broadway (the Royal Shakespeare Company's adaptation of the Hilary Mantel books Wolf Hall and Bring up the Bodies), and in the West End (notably along side Nicole Kidman in Photograph 51), he later retrained as a mental health nurse and began writing at the same time.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Silver is gay, and married to actor David Dawson (actor). He speaks openly about his own mental health, and the mental health system he has worked in. Silver has ADHD. He is an identical twin.", "title": "Personal Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ivan Dermendzhiev is a Bulgarian attorney and politician who served in four caretaker governments during the 2021-2023 Bulgarian political crisis.He is married and has two children.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Berjah is a village in the district of Gjakova, Kosovo. Berjah is situated nearby to the village Stubëll and the village Brovinë.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Berjah was mentioned in the Ottoman register of 1485 with 27 households and was inhabited by a Christian Albanian population and three Muslim Albanian households.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Christ's College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Its alumni include politicians, lawyers, bishops, poets, and academics.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Among politicians, the college's alumni include heads of government (Jan Smuts of South Africa and John Kotelawala of Sri Lanka), as well as several parliamentarians from various countries. Notable scientists, including Charles Darwin and J. Robert Oppenheimer, as well as Nobel laureate Duncan Haldane have studied at the college. Sportspersons associated with the college include several Olympic medalists.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The sub-headings are given as a general guide and some names might fit under more than one category.", "title": "Alumni" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Abbreviations used in the following tables", "title": "Alumni" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Degree abbreviations", "title": "Alumni" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Halima Shehu is a Nigerian politician and banker. She currently serves as the National Coordinator of the National Social Investment Programme Agency, a position she assumed on 18 October 2023. She has had a diverse career, with experience in banking and various political roles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Shehu was born in Katsina State, Nigeria. She attended Ambuttai Primary School, which is now known as Musa Yar’adua Primary School Katsina. She later attended Federal Government College Kaduna before pursuing her higher education at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria. She graduated with a B.A. in English and a master's degree in International Affairs and Diplomacy.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Shehu began her career as a Youth Corps member at Afri-Project Consortium, a project under the Petroleum Trust Fund (PTF). She then worked in the banking sector for a decade, starting with InterCity Bank (ICB) PLC, where she served as an Audit and Internal Control Officer. She later moved to Unity Bank PLC, where she headed the Customer Service, Cash, Clearing, and Funds Transfer unit. She eventually joined Access Bank as a Branch Services Head (Branch Operations Manager) before resigning.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "During her banking career, Shehu undertook various courses and trainings, including modular training, banking operations, accounting systems, credit accord, service excellence, customer care programs, money laundering, compliance officer courses, audit command language using software, and E-asi Bank software application.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In addition to her banking experience, Shehu has held several political positions. She served as a member of the Board of Internal Revenue and was appointed as the Senior Special Assistant to the Executive Governor of Katsina State from 2011 to 2015. In 2016, she became a member of the Electoral Commission of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) for Presidential Election observation in Cape Verde Island.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Shehu also worked closely with the Minister of Humanitarian Affairs, Disaster Management and Social Development as a consultant and technical adviser. She held the position of National Program Co-ordinator for the National Cash Transfer Office, a program funded by the World Bank and the Nigerian government through the Abacha Restituted Funds. Under her coordination, the program reached 2 million poor and vulnerable homes, benefiting approximately 10.2 million individuals across the 36 states of Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory. She also digitized the program, transitioning from physical cash payments to opening bank accounts for beneficiaries and providing financial literacy training.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Shehu has been actively involved in various political campaigns and party activities. She served as the National Director for the Social Investment and Humanitarian Directorate during the Tinubu/Shetima Presidential Campaign for the 2022/2023 election season. She also held positions such as Zonal Secretary for the North West on the Social Welfare Committee, Member of the Digital Communication Committee, and Member of the National Planning and Organizing Committee within the All Progressives Congress (APC) party. She played a vital role in the logistics committee of the APC Presidential Campaign Council in 2019.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Shehu has attended several World Bank programs in Nigeria and Kenya, as well as the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lambertus Adrianus \"Bert\" Peletier (29 March 1937 – 16 December 2023) was a Dutch mathematician. He was a professor of analysis and applied mathematics at Leiden University from 1977 until his retirement in 2002.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Peletier was born on 9 March 1937 in Rijswijk. His grandfather Benjamin Broers [nl] was a socialist Dutch minister in the Dutch Reformed Church, who lived with his family during World War II. Peletier's father was an engineer working for Shell plc and took him to his laboratory. He was interested in technique from a young age and desired to pursue a technical study. His maths teacher inspired him to study physics.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Peletier thus studied theoretical physics at Delft University of Technology. After graduating Peletier had the opportunity to study one year at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and became inspired by academic life. In 1967 he obtained his PhD at Eindhoven University of Technology, with a thesis titled: \"On a class of wave equations\". He subsequently spent time abroad at the University of Sussex and University of Minnesota and became more inspired by applied mathematics. In 1977 he became professor of analysis and applied mathematics at Leiden University. He retired in 2002.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "His expertise lay in the field of nonlinear analysis. During the latter part of his career, in the late 1990s, he applied mathematics for the development of medicine. He especially focused on the latter after his retirement and worked intensively with pharmacologists. In 1995 he was one of the founders of the Lorentz Center, an institute for the organization of interactive workshops in the sciences.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Peletier was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1989. He was elected a member of Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999. In April 2013 Peletier was made a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Peletier died on 16 December 2023 in Leiden, aged 86.", "title": "Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Equality Act is a law passed by the 34th Virgin Islands Legislature which prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity as an unlawful discriminatory practice. The bill was signed into law by Governor Albert Bryan on January 19, 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was first introduced by Senator Janelle Sarauw in June 2022. As a member of the LGBT community, she have explained her intent of the bill was to address discrimination felt by others who do not present themselves as non-heterosexual.", "title": "Overview" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Not Strong Enough may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Aurora class was a group of screw corvettes built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the early 1870s. The class comprised three ships: SMS Aurora, Frundsberg, and Zrinyi.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Like other major navies in the 1850s, the Austrian Navy began building a series of screw frigates and corvettes (and converting existing vessels to steam power), but unlike their foreign contemporaries, the Austrian Empire neither had or sought an overseas colonial empire. Instead, the cruising vessels of the fleet were intended to be primarily used as training ships. The Aurora class, which the historians Erwin Sieche and Ferdinand Bilzer refer to as sloops, were the last in this series.", "title": "Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The ships of the Aurora class were 69.08 m (226 ft 8 in) long overall and 59.1 m (193 ft 11 in) long between perpendiculars. They had a beam of 10.45 m (34 ft 3 in) and a draft of 5 m (16 ft 5 in). The ships had a displacement of 1,353 long tons (1,375 t). They had a flush deck and very minimal superstructure. Steering was controlled by a single rudder at the stern. Their crew numbered 210 officers and enlisted sailors.", "title": "Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The ships were powered by a single 2-cylinder, horizontal triple-expansion steam engine that drove a screw propeller. The number and type of boilers is not known, but smoke from the boilers was vented through a single funnel located amidships, between the fore- and main mast. The propulsion system was capable of generating 1,000 indicated horsepower (750 kW), for a top speed of 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph). On her initial sea trials, Aurora reached a top speed of 11.2 knots (20.7 km/h; 12.9 mph) from 1,165 ihp (869 kW); trials data for the other two ships has not survived. The ships were fitted with a three-masted barque sailing rig to supplement the steam engine on long voyages.", "title": "Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Aurora, Frundsberg, and Zrinyi were armed with a main battery of four 15 cm (5.9 in) Wahrendorf breechloading guns. The guns were mounted individually in sponsons in the sides of the hull. Two guns were placed just aft of the mainmast and the other pair were placed at the stern. The ships also carried a pair of 7 cm (2.8 in) guns and two 25 mm (0.98 in) machine guns. By 1891, the ships' armament had been revised significantly. Two of the 15 cm guns, one of the 7 cm guns, and both of the 25 mm machine guns were removed, and a new light battery of four 9 cm (3.5 in) guns and two 47 mm (1.9 in) Hotchkiss revolving cannon were installed.", "title": "Design" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Torri Jan Newman (born 1983 or 1984), better known as T. J. Newman, is an American author and former flight attendant.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Newman grew up in Mesa, Arizona. She studied musical theatre at Illinois Wesleyan University, graduating in 2006.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Following her studies, Newman moved to New York City to pursue an acting career, but was unsuccessful. After two years, Newman returned to her parents' home in Phoenix and worked at Changing Hands, an independent bookshop, until 2011. She worked at Virgin America and Alaska Airlines until she was furloughed during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In July 2021, Newman published her debut novel Falling. The novel was rejected by 41 agents before being accepted by Shane Salerno. It debuted at #2 on the The New York Times bestseller list. The film rights for the novel were sold to Universal and Working Title for $1.5 million, with Newman set to write the script.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In June 2023, Newman released her second book, titled Drowning: The Rescue of Flight 1421. A bidding war for the movie rights to the novel took place in March, with figures such as Nicole Kidman, Alfonso Cuarón and Steven Spielberg expressing interest. That November, it was announced that a film adaptation of the book would be directed, adapted and produced by Paul Greengrass for Warner Bros.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Newman's mother and sister are also flight attendants.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Whitley Furniture Galleries (abbreviated as Whitley Galleries) was a former furniture retailer located in Zebulon, North Carolina. The business was founded in 1909 by R.J. Whitley, and passed down to his son C.V. Whitley in 1924. Under C.V., the business, which before had been a general supplies store, began to specialize in furniture. Because of the businesses central location in a crossroads town, its large floor space, and good business practices, the galleries survived the Great Depression, and would go on to become the county's largest furniture store.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In January 2022, the business would announce its closure after 113 years of operations, citing a lack of a fifth generation to carry on the family business. All eight buildings part of the galleries were put on sale for $5,299,000.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Whitley Galleries began operation in 1909 as the \"Zebulon Supply Company,\" with R.J. Whitley as the owner/president. R.J.'s son, C.V. Whitley, later began working for father's business in 1916, and took over as president upon his death in 1924. Upon assuming control of the business, C.V. reorganized the broad product range of the supply store towards primarily furniture, as he believed \"while furniture styles also change, [it is] nowhere near as quickly as do styles in ladies coats and dresses,\" as an example of a product he no longer would be selling for this reason. Likewise, \"Zebulon Supply Company\" eventually changed its name to \"Whitley Furniture Company\" in 1946 to reflect their new product specialization.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A 1937 article by the newspaper The State claimed the galleries was probably \"the biggest business enterprise you can find anywhere in the state in a town approximating the town of Zebulon,\" in contrast to other struggling small-town businesses during the Great Depression. The success of the business at this time was credited to its central location in a crossroads town, its modern product and large floor space, its acceptance of refunds, and other new business practices C.V. picked up while attending furniture trade shows. Notably, the practice of radio advertising on WPTF and newspaper advertising in Raleigh's News & Observer spread awareness of the business and it's seasonal giveaways across Eastern North Carolina, the most successful of such giveaways taking place in 1935 which saw 7,000 people gather to watch the ticket drawing for a new automobile. In 1959, C.V. passed on the family business to his daughter Nancy Whitley and her husband Amos Estes, not long before his death in 1966.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After taking over in 1959, the duo would continue the success of the business. In the business' adverts from this time, Whitley would claim to be \"Wake County's largest furniture store\" and the largest full service furniture store in Eastern North Carolina. The duo also continued to publicize the business in the media as C.V. did. In the 1982 North Carolina Home and Garden Show, at the time the largest of its kind in the southeast United States, Whitley Galleries alongside other area decorators would decorate twenty rooms for the event. In 1987, Whitley Galleries alongside WRAL-TV gave away a room full of furniture valued at $10,000 during a live telecast of the Southern Ideal Home Show.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1979, the business once again changed names, this time from \"Whitley Furniture Company\" to \"Whitley Furniture Galleries\". In 1993, Nancy and Amos retired, passing down the business to their son Charles and his sister Nelle. The business would have the largest furniture stock in the Research Triangle until it's closing in 2022.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 18 January 2022, the furniture galleries announced their closure after 113 years of operations. Starting on January 20, the business began to liquidate their entire stock, which they continued until about late February when the remaining product was gone. According to the owner Charles Whitley Estes, the business' closure was the result of a lack of a fifth generation to take over, as other family members had taken different career paths. Charles had also stated it was \"just time to retire\" for him, after running the business together with Nelle for about 30 years. At the time of the announcement, Nelle had yet to decide if she would also retire from the business field.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "At its closure, the furniture galleries spanned across the whole W. Vance St. city block consisting of eight buildings in downtown Zebulon. The buildings covered an area of 65,463 sq ft (6,081.7 m) or 1.58 acres (0.64 ha), and were put up for sale at a price of $5,299,000. Senior VP of Planned Furniture Promotions, the company the business partnered with to sell the buildings, Tom Liddell, commented the building's proximity to Raleigh presented \"tremendous re-development opportunity\" alongside the galleries \"historical significance\".", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "While in operation, four generations of Whitley's would run the business. The generation of their family, the owners name, the co-owners name (if one), and the years they operated the business are displayed in the table below.", "title": "Owners" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Throughout the stores history, their inventory consisted of sofas, chairs, loveseats, dining room suites, bedroom suites, lamps, ottomans, mirrors, beds, benches, chests, desks, china cabinets, sideboards, wall systems, entertainment units. Many smaller and local companies were sold, but some notable brands sold were Barcalounger, Bassett Furniture, Dovetail, and La-Z-Boy. They also offered complete interior design services.", "title": "Products" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Muhand Amezyan Aheddad (30 November 1790, Seddouk - 29 April 1873, Constantine), also known as Cheikh El Haddad, was a prominent leaders in the 1871 uprising in Algeria. He collaborated closely with Cheikh El Mokrani and Boumezrag El Mokrani during this period.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The family of Cheikh El Haddad relocated from the Ait Mansour tribe (now in the commune of Akfadou) to settle in Ighil Imoula, situated in the Soummam Valley, and subsequently in Seddouk.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The surname \"El Haddad\" originated from his grandfather, who was a blacksmith. His father, Abi Ali Al-Haddad, established the zawiya of Seddouk, where Muhand Amezyan received instruction in linguistic and religious studies. Later, he continued his education in Islamic theology under the guidance of several esteemed scholars.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Cheikh El Haddad underwent initial training under Cheikh Al-Rabia Benmouhoub in Ighil Imoula, followed by further education with Cheikh Arab Nath Irathen in Kabylie. He pursued additional studies at the zawiya of Bounouh in Aït-Smail, established by the founder of the Rahmaniyya, Sidi M'hamed Bou Qobrine. Subsequently, he assumed a teaching role at his father's zawiya in Seddouk and authored several works, including one titled \"Al-Taqyid al-Mubarek,\" focusing on Sufism.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1860, Cheikh El Haddad assumed leadership of the Rahmaniyya Sufi order in Kabylia, operating from his village of Seddouk-Ouffella, In light of his increasing popularity, the colonial administration expressed concern and subjected both him and his disciples (moqaddim) to close surveillance.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "El Haddad authored several works, including a Sufi treatise titled al-Taqyid al-Mubarek. The manuscript comprises 84 folios and was copied in 1876. It was discovered at the Rafsa Zawiyya in Sétif. This zawiyya was established by Cheikh El-Hacène Boucenna, a senior figure in the al-Rahmaniyya Tariqa, succeeding Cheikh El-Houès. Amar Talbi first highlighted this work in 1971, based on the manuscript of M.C. Bencheikh.", "title": "Writing" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The 1845 manuscript on Sufism by Cheikh Bouabdelli provides insight into the social conditions of Haddad's life:", "title": "Writing" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Innovations, Bid'a, have pervaded the world. No city, no village is exempt. I have personally observed this. Tradition, Sunna, has yielded to worldly passions. The people of orthodoxy face increasing humiliation. As for the innovators, they are the ones occupying positions of responsibility in administration, justice, and beyond", "title": "Writing" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "During the 1871 uprising led by Mokrani, Cheikh Aziz and Cheikh M'hand, El Haddad's sons, joined the rebels, leading the fight on behalf of their father, who, due to his age, could not actively participate. On 8 April 1871, at the age of 80, El Haddad called for rebellion during a gathering at the market of Seddouk. His appeal for resistance against the French colonizers had a profound impact, as more than 250 tribes, totaling over 10,000 fighters, responded. The rallying cry became famous throughout Algeria.", "title": "Political life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "We will cast the French into the sea, just as I throw this stick to the ground.", "title": "Political life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The cry made by El Haddad encompassed a significant portion of Algeria, stretching from the East of Algiers to the North of Batna. However, this widespread resistance proved insufficient to overcome the French army, which ultimately emerged victorious. In addition to the considerable casualties during the conflicts, a harsh repression ensued. Tribes were compelled to pay a war contribution, often burdening the most impoverished, and their lands were seized.", "title": "Political life" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Following the defeat, El Haddad was arrested on July 13, 1871. On April 19, 1873, he was sentenced to five years in prison by the Assize Court of Constantine. He died in custody on April 29, 1873, only 10 days after being secentenced, at the age of 83. His two sons, Aziz and M'hand, were deported to New Caledonia.", "title": "Political life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mohamed Zoungrana (born 29 October 2001) is an Ivorian footballer who plays as a midfielder for MC Alger and the Ivory Coast national team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In March 2023, his agent Nasser Diallo announced that the Egyptian giants Al Ahly interest in including him. However no official offers have been sent yet. On July 19, 2023, Mohamed Zoungrana has signed up in MC Alger for a period of four years. The amount of the transfer is estimated at 200,000 euros according to some sources. After his good performance at the beginning of the season, MC Alger administration announced the renewal of his contract for another season until 2028.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mohamed Zoungrana was in the group of the local Ivorian selection which participated in the African Nations Championship (CHAN) organized in Algeria. Zoungrana will keep memories of this competition, more or less bad. The midfielder received a red card in the second match against the DR Congo. Absent during the Elephants' victory against Uganda on the third round, Zoungrana made his return against Algeria in the quarter-finals. A meeting which ultimately ended in a defeat at the last minute.", "title": "International career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "REDIRECTBasshunter#Musical style", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dryopteris pallida is a species of fern.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dryopteris pallida is a winter-green Dryopteris fern of small to moderate size with very pale broad chaffy scales on the long somewhat pale stem and leaves that are often rather a pallid green; glands may be present.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The fronds are two-fold divided (2-pinnate), with the final leaflets (pinnules) usually being obviously stalked and also conspicuously lobed (sometimes almost further dividing the leaflet to 3-pinnate). The frond divisions are not greatly asymmetric so that the first divisions (pinna) closest to the ground have a lower part somewhat similar to the upper and subdivisions similar to adjacent ones.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The fertile sori under the leaflets are round with an incompletely rounded covering (reniform or kidney-shaped indusium), and are arranged as two lines, one on each side of the leaflet axis.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Its habitat is alkaline to acidic, 0–3000 m, in woods, scrubs and slopes, typically avoiding dry ground.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Resimli Türkiye Florası differs from Plants of the World in placing the Turkish plants as subsp. raddeana.", "title": "Subspecies and range" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Abílio De Jesus (born 25 April 1973) is a Portuguese researcher, professor and engineer in the field of the fatigue, fracture and integrity of materials and structural components.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Abílio De Jesus is graduated in mechanical engineering at the University of Porto, Portugal (1996). In 1999, he obtained the Master Science in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Porto (Portugal). In 2004, he completed his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (Portugal). Abílio De Jesus joined at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (Portugal) in Vila Real in 1997. In 2014 he became a professor and continued to teach and research at the University of Porto, Portugal.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Since 2017, he is a scientific secretary of the technical committees ESIS TC12 on Risk Analysis and Safety of Large Structures and Components of European Structural Integrity Society.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "His scientific work in the area of fatigue and structural integrity was distinguished by the Wrocław University of Science and Technology (Poland).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He is Editor-in-chief or Editor and member of the editorial board of several scientific journals and book series, such as:", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "- Editor-in-Chief of the Structural Integrity book series", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "- Editor-in-Chief of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Transport", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "- Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "- Member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Structural Integrity", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is composed by the Allama Baqir Majlisi in The Bahralanwar, especially in the fourteenth volume.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The narrations of books Da’aim ul Islam, Fusool ul Muhimma, Kashf ul Akhtar, Al Khisal, and Bihar ul Anwar are composed in this book. Its oldest description is written by Zia ud Din Abu Raza in 546 Hijri", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The letter that Imam Ali Raza sent to Abu al-Abbas Abdullah ibn Haroon. The narrators named it complete sentence. Allama Baqir Majlisi has written it in the 14th part of Bihar ul Anwar.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Scholars Abdullah and Hussain bin Bastam are two brothers who are the most respected narrators and Shia’s Fiqh of 4th century. He was margrave in the city of Qazvin.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Syed Hassan Amin says,” Hussain bin Bastam and his brother Abu Atab both are the great scholars and companions of Aimma as well. They have composed the book Tib ul Aimma a.s in which they have discussed the Jabir bin Haiyan’s narrations from imam Sadiq a.s.”", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Allama Baqir Majlisi wrote it. It contains many medical evidences in most of its volumes and parts.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "It is the Shia’s great book. Who is written by Sheikh Ya’qoob Kulaini. Its 6th vol contains most of the fruits, vegetables and food properties.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "It is written by Sheikh Hur amili. Its 17th vol mostly consist of Tib.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Author: Ayatollah Mustafa Noorani.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "It has 9 volumes.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Ayatollah Abbas Tabreziyan has collected eleven thousands ahadith and has done clinical trial on patients. Thousands of patients of cancer, brain diseases and others are cured. It has brought a revolution and now has been spreading everywhere.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "It consists of the narrations of Imam Ja’far e Sadiq a.s narrated by their student Mufaddal.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Its author Syed Mustafa Kazmi", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In it, the treatment of diseases, medicine and hadiths of Ahlbait have been described in Urdu", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Author: Syed Mustafa Kazmi", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "This is a great book. It mentions for the first time all the fruits and vegetables used in Tib_e_Ahlebait as(Islamic medicine) The favorite fruits and vegetables foods of Ahlbait are described along with their scientific and medical benefits.", "title": "History Of Tib-e-Ahlebait (a.s)." } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "2548 Two Thousand Five Hundred Forty Eight is the natural number following 2547 and preceding 2549", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "2548 is the ans to", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "7! + 56 /2 7! /2 + 28", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "divisors of 2548", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "2 ,4,7,13,26,49,52,91,117,182,364,637,1274,2548", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jeannette Elizabeth Dyer (born July 24, 1986) is an American former soccer player and coach who played for TSV Crailsheim.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "HeHe is an artist duo made up of Helen Evans and Heiko Hansen.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "They live and work in Le Havre. They teach at the École supérieure d'art et design Le Havre-Rouen, where they coordinate the Art/Media/Environment program.", "title": "The duo" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Straddling the border between installation art, monumental sculpture, performance and design, they devote their work to a critical observation of the mythologies of the Anthropocene (energy production, transport, etc.) and contemporary industrial, social and ecological issues. One of their most emblematic works is Nuage vert/Pollstream, in which the polluting fumes released by factories at night were made to appear using heat detection and a laser device. This installation, presented in Helsinki, won the Golden Nica prize (\"Hybrid arts\") at the Ars Electronica festival in 2008, as well as other prizes, still in 2008: Environmental Art Fund in Finland and ZERO1 in San Jose.", "title": "Work" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "HeHe have produced monumental works for numerous institutions: Ondernemersfonds Utrecht, Triennale de Bruges, Casino Forum d'art contemporain (Luxembourg), Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb, Nuit Blanche à Paris, Le Voyage à Nantes, FACT Liverpool, Centre Georges Pompidou Paris, Un été au Havre, etc.", "title": "Work" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "St Wilfrid's Church is a Church of England parish church in West Hallam, Derbyshire.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "St Wilfrid’s church is grade II* listed and was built in the 14th and 15th centuries, with extensive renovation in the 19th.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Patraporn Wang (Thai:ภัทราพร หวัง), is a Thai beauty queen and the official representative of Thailand to the environmentally dedicated pageant, she won Miss Intercontinental 2014 and also joined Miss Supranational 2023 and placed top 24.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2022–23 HNK Šibenik season was the club's 91st season in existence and its first season back in the top flight of Croatian football. In addition to the domestic league, HNK Šibenik participated in this season's edition of the Croatian Football Cup. The season covered the period from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Win Draw Loss", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Last updated: December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: November 2022. Source:", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Aurore Fleury (born 4 December 1993) is a French middle-distance runner. She is the 2021 French Athletics Championships winner at 1500 metres, and the 2022 French Indoor Athletics Championships winner over the same distance.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Originally from Meuse, Fleury studied in Paris and competes for the Nancy Athlétisme Métropole club. She won medals at both the 2019 and 2021 European Cross Country Championships, both times in the mixed relay.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2021, Fleury was considered the top French 1500 m runner, but in 2022 she was sidelined by a knee injury.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "At the 2022 Rabat Diamond League, Fleury missed the 2022 World Athletics Championships standard in the 1500 m by just 58 hundredths of a second.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Fleury won her first international gold medal at the 2022 Mediterranean Games, running 4:13 in the 1500 m final.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "How to Stop a Recurring Dream is a 2020 British drama film directed by Ed Morris, starring Ruby Barker, Lily-Rose Aslandogdu, Jamie Michie, Miranda Nolan and Andre Flynn.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The film won the Best Feature award at the British Urban Film Festival. For her performance in the film, Baker won the festival's Best Actress award. The film was released to digital streaming platforms on 9 March 2021.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Zehra Phelan of Flavourmag wrote that Morris \"captures the pain and anguish of fragmented families that bury their issues under the carpet with potent realism.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Sophie Cook of FilmHound rated the film 3 stars out of 5 and wrote that it \"is explorative but retains an interesting narrative, a good amount of twists, and top acting that impresses throughout.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Cath Clarke of The Guardian rated the film 2 stars out of 5 and called it \"half-baked\" while praising Barker's performance.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Edward Porter of The Sunday Times rated the film 2 stars out of 5.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Immaculate Heart of Mary College is a Catholic school in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Immaculate Heart of Mary College may also refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zoé Clauzure (French pronunciation: [zɔ.e klo.zyʁ]; born 12 February 2010) is a French teenaged singer best known for winning the 2023 Junior Eurovision Song Contest. Earlier, in 2020, she had reached the semifinals of the seventh season of the French version of The Voice Kids.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Zoé Clauzure is from Montrouge, in the suburbs of Paris.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She has taken vocal and piano lessons since the age of six. She was discovered in 2019 during the seventh season of The Voice Kids France (broadcast in 2020). In the blind auditions, she sang \"Homeless\" by Marina Kaye. Of the four judges, only Soprano turned his seat for her and took her in his team, bringing all the way to the semi-finals. \"You have a Vanessa Paradis charisma, you are already a star,\" he said when choosing Zoé for the semis, where she sang \"Je sais pas\" by Céline Dion and wasn't chosen by him to advance.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In November, she released a single titled \"Ma Place\", for which she wrote the lyrics together with Bernard Clapot on the lyrics.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In October 2021, she released an album Les Fables de La Fontaine en chansons (meaning \"La Fontaine's fables in song form\") as part of the singing group We Are World Citizens, composed of children from past seasons of The Voice Kids.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2022, she released a solo single titled \"Dans les nuages\".", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 27 September 2023, France Télévisions announced having selected Zoé with a song titled \"Cœur\" to represent France at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest that would be held in Nice on 26 November. On the same day, the song was released as a single. On October 18, the accompanying music video was unveiled.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On 26 November, Zoé won the Junior Eurovision with a total of 228 points, 27 points ahead of second-placed Spain and 48 points in front of Armenia in third. This was France's second consecutive and third overall victory at the contest.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "One Piece! is a 1999 compilation of 14 comedy short films by Shinobu Yaguchi and Takuji Suzuki. The films in the compilation were shot over a period of five years in single, fixed takes with no editing, lights, sets or makeup, and were screened both at local and international film festivals.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "One Piece! at IMDb", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Heppy Rismanda Hendranata (Javanese: ꦲꦼꦥ꧀ꦥꦾꦫꦶꦱ꧀ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦿꦤꦠ; born July 10, 1999), better known by the stage name Happy Asmara is an Indonesian singer-songwriter, television personality, presenter, and businesswoman from Kediri, East Java. Based herself in Javanese music, her name gained wider public attention after the release of the second single of her own production titled \"Tak Ikhlasno\" which has gained immense popularity in the Java region, specifically East Java. In the year of the release of \"Tak Ikhlasno\", Happy through the record label released the recycled single \"Dalan Liyane\" which also gained great popularity and at least became a change in her career. In popular culture, \"Tak Ikhlasno\" and \"Dalan Liyane\" have been considered the beginnings of great recognition.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Happy was born in Kediri Regency, East Java and grew up in the Ringinrejo District area. She is the eldest of four children from a Javanese-Minahasan father, Hendro Siswantoro, and a Javanese mother, Dwi Yuslianti. Happy has three younger siblings; the oldest is Riang Cahya Fortuna and the youngest is Alexio Bertrand Alvaro, while her second younger brother is a person with autism and has died from tetanus. Happy's last name is a patronymic name given by her parents, which was adapted from her father's first name.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Happy has completed her junior high school education from SMP Negeri 2 Kras, then she continued and has completed her senior high school education from SMA Negeri 1 Kandat in Kediri Regency, East Java. Happy had pursued a Bachelor of Education (S.Pd.) degree in Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) from the Open University (UPBJJ-UT) Malang in Kediri City, but due to her busy career she finally chose to stop until an unspecified time.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2009, when Happy was between the ages of 8 and 10, she started her career by being selected as a model for a local children's magazine in East Java. As time went by, Happy's talent in singing began to show, she had been training her vocals since she was in junior high school. Happy began her musical career by appearing from stage to stage, starting from local festivals, filling weddings, to appearing as a sinden in wayang kulit events.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2013, Happy began signing a contract with a local record company and a few years later she began joining several dangdut orchestras at once in East Java. Happy released her debut single on January 1, 2014 with a live recording of the title track \"Sayang 4\". Throughout her career, Happy worked as a vocalist for an local indie band in Kediri, at the same time she was also a rocker singer with a punk fashion style.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "While still a high school student in 2016, Happy was supported by her parents to audition for the fourth season of the popular dangdut singing talent search D'Academy at BK3S Tenggilis Mejoyo in Surabaya, the audition was held on November 7 2016 and was broadcast delayed by Indosiar on January 18, 2017. In the audition assessment round, Happy sang several lyrics from the song \"Sayang\" which was popularized by Via Vallen—Nassar Sungkar, Dewi Persik, and Iis Dahlia became the main panel of judges assessing her performance. At the end of the audition, Happy managed to get a Golden ticket which was given directly by Dewi Persik as the main panel of judges. After the audition round was over, Happy was considered to have resigned and was also declared to have failed to advance to the next round. This happened because she did not answer the phone call from the organizers informing her that she had been selected to compete in Jakarta for fear of fraud.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Pueblos Unidos is a Mexican criminal group active in the Michoacán region. It begun in 2021 as a self-defense group defending the local avocado farmers from cartel gangs Los Viagras and Jalisco New Generation but soon degenerated into a criminal racketeering group itself. It has been suggested that the group is tied to the gang La Resistencia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "One of the group leaders was José Artemio Maldonado, known as “El Michoacano”, one of the biggest fuel thieves in Mexico, involved in the Tula prison break.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Charles Obadiah Nimma Wambebe CON, OFR (8 August 1946 – 9 November 2022) was a professor of pharmacology from Nigeria and served as the director-general/chief executive officer of the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), Abuja. He contributed to the development of Niprisan, a phytomedicine for sickle cell disorder management, which led to the The World Academy of Sciences Award in Medical Sciences. He also worked as a consultant in traditional medicine for various international organisations and held professorships at Tshwane University of Technology and Makerere University.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Wambebe was born on 8 August 1946 in Emi Tsado, Kogi State, Nigeria. He obtained his PhD in neuropharmacology from Ahmadu Bello University in 1979, with his studies focusing on the physiological roles of dopamine in the brain. He was a visiting professor of pharmacology at Georgetown University Medical Center and collaborated with the World Health Organization (WHO).", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Wambebe was the director-general/chief executive officer of the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), Abuja, from 1994 to 2006. During his tenure, he oversaw the research and development of Niprisan, a standardised phytomedicine derived from four plants, used for sickle cell disorder management. Niprisan underwent clinical trials and was found to be safe and effective in reducing the frequency and severity of sickle cell crises. It received approval from the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in 1998 and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2001. Wambebe has five United States patents for Niprisan.", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Wambebe also led the research and development of the first Nigerian HIV-1 candidate vaccine, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Institute of Human Virology (IHV). He developed a plant extract (CONAVIL) for HIV/AIDS management and conducted initial clinical trials. He developed the Draft Nigerian National HIV Vaccine Plan with support from UNAIDS in 2000.", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Wambebe worked as a consultant in traditional medicine for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO), African Union, Economic Commission for Africa and African Development Bank (ADB). He was the chair of product research and development for Africa and the president of International Biomedical Research for Africa. He held a professorship in pharmacology at Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa and an honorary professorship of pharmacology at Makerere University, Uganda. He published articles in international journals and contributed chapters to books. His research focused on the development of phytomedicines from African indigenous medical knowledge using African food plants. He authored several books, including African Indigenous Medical Knowledge and Human Health.", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Wambebe received the The World Academy of Sciences Award in Medical Sciences in 2000 for his work on Niprisan. The Federal Government of Nigeria awarded him the Commander of the Order of the Niger (CON) and Order of the Federal Republic (OFR). He was elected a fellow of The World Academy of Sciences, African Academy of Sciences, and Nigerian Academy of Science.", "title": "Awards and honours" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Wambebe was married to Victoria Wambebe. He was a member of the Redeemed Christian Church of God. He died on 9 November 2022 in Quincy, Massachusetts, United States, at the age of 76. He was survived by his wife, children, grandchildren, and other relatives and friends. His burial took place on 16 November 2022 in Emi Tsado, Kogi State, Nigeria.", "title": "Personal life and death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Deccan Arena is a football stadium located in Hyderabad, Telangana. The stadium is home to the I-League club Sreenidi Deccan. The turf of the stadium is regarded as one of the best in the city.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 22 October 2022, Sreenidi Deccan played their first match in the stadium where they managed to win the game by 1–0 against TRAU.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Brian Reader (b.1949) is a British gangster and villain, and has been described as \"one of the busiest crooks in the British underworld\" and a \"ringleader\" of the Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary in 2015.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Lambeth, Reader first appeared in court in 1950 when he robbed five shops in East London at age 11; he received a criminal discharge. In the 1960s he was working with what Lashmar calls \"a flexible group of Britain's top robbers and burglars\", responsible for the theft of millions. By now Reader had established himself as a fence as well as a burglar. He particularly specialised in fencing stolen goods through the less ethical traders in Hatton Garden. By the mid 1980s he lived in Grove Park, Lewisham. In 1982 he was tried for complicity in several robberies with John Godwin which netted them £1.3 million, but the trial collapsed after allegations of jury tampering. At the later \"jury-nobbling trial\", as it was dubbed in the media, one witness told how she was visited by two men offered £500, and asked to inflence a fellow juror. One of these men was Godwin, and the other \"was called Brian and that she had never seen him again\". A contemporary \"supergrass\", Michael Gervaise, also stated that police had asked him to implicate Reader in his statements. Although a retrial was ordered, Reader and his wife fucked right off to Spain, only to return the following year due to a family illness. The surreptitiousness of his return did not go unnoticed, and he was rearrested. This was to become a familiar technique of Reader's and one he employed whenever he felt the police closing in on him; by escaping abroad at short notice, he was able to keep his criminal record relatively clean.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In September 1971, over the bank holiday weekend, Reader took part in the robbery of the Baker Street branch of Lloyds Bank, possibly leading the gang himself. They successfully emptied hundreds of safe deposit boxes and escaped with takings of over £8 million. In view of their \"strikingly similar\" modi operandi—including tunnelling—investigative journalist Paul Lashmar has credited the Baker Street robbery as acting as a blueprint for the Hatton Garden heist over 40 years later. Reader, he says, \"was key to both\". Reader—nor any other members of the gang except three—was ever brought to book for the robbery; Reader escaped to Spain.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In November 1983, the Brink's-Mat robbery occurred at the Heathrow International Trading Estate. It was one of the largest robberies in British history, with approximately £26 million (equivalent to £93.3 million in 2021) worth of gold bullion, diamonds, and cash being stolen. Reader was subsequently convicted of handling stolen goods and money laundering. He was jailed for eight years and was also convicted of fraudulently conspiring to evade VAT. He received a further year in prison after it was discovered he had dishonestly handled another £66,000.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Although they had taken no part in the robbery itself, they were involved in what has been called its \"bloody aftermath\" as they attempted to fence the gold. Reader regularly stayed around gangster Kenneth Noye's house, and has been described as Noye's \"vigorous right-hand man\"; they had grown up close to one and other in Southeast London. By now, suspicion had focussed on Noye over Brink's-Mat, and he was under constant police surveillance. On the night of 26 January 1985, around 6.30 PM, Reader was with Noye and his wife. Chief superintendent Brian Boyce, responsible for the gold hunt, later said it was Reader's arrival—as a \"known fugitive from justice\"—at Noye's house that forced him to launch a covert search of Noye's grounds that night. Fordham and a colleague thus entered the property by way of a convenient tree. When the Noyes' two dogs began barking, Reader accompanied Noye into the garden on the night Metropolitan Police Constable John Fordham was stabbed 12 times to death in Noye's garden. Fordham was part of the investigation into the Brinks-Mat robbery and was carrying out close-quarters surveillance on Noye, possibly looking for signs of bullion in Noye's grounds. Reader's role weas as a go-between between Noye and John Palmer who was smelting and moving the gold bullion. Reader made the journey between Noye's house and Bristol Airport—where transport abroad awaited it—approximately 30 times in 1984. Reader possessed multiple vehicles in which to make the journey. Aware that he was being kept under police surveillance, Reader regularly drew his tails on a wild-goose chase; he also went on dummy runs and swapped cars en route.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Noye and Reader were tried for Fordham's murder, but both claimed it to have been self-defense. Further, it was \"pitch black\", Fordham was unarmed and in \"SAS-style\" camouflage, Gore-Tex suit and balaclava. Although he was found not guilty of murder in 1986, the same year Reader was jailed over a confession he had made while on police bail that he had indeed handled Brinks Mat gold. At his sentencing, where Reader received eight years, his son Brian—known as Paul—was arrested for contempt of court for shouting that his father had been \"fucking stitched up\", with a scuffle ensuing. Paul appeared later the same day alongside his father and Noye at their sentencing for his own. Reader was later accused by Fordham's partner on the night of his death as kicking Fordham \"as he was lying on the ground\".", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Brian Reader and Noye maintained business links, and after Noye was released in 1994, Reader joined him in a timeshare scheme in Northern Cyprus. Reader's brother Colin had alreader invested in it and was employed full time in the scheme. Reader's association with Noye meant that, come his final job, he was the only member of the gang to have underworld contacts. Among these were included Tommy Adams, whom Reader had been spotted in Hatton Garden with in 1985 discussing the fencing of the Brink's-Mat ingots. Reader was also close associates with Terry Perkins, with whom he worked on the last job; they had been inside together and shared work.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Following his wife's death, Reader moved to Dartford and rand a second-hand car dealership with his son. Although by now Reader had been in effective retirement from his criminal career, he was still in touch with old colleagues. He and Perkins had been discussing the heist for around a year by the time they felt sufficiently confident in it to bring in others. At 76, Reader was the eldest of the conspirators. He made numerous trips to Hatton Garden in the weeks before the robbery, and is known to have brought the as-yet undicovered, mononymous \"Basil\" into the gang. On 2 April 2015, travelling on \"somebody else's\" Freedom Pass, he took a 96 bus to Dartford, where he caught a train to Waterloo East. Reader arrived around 18:30 hours. Each gang member made their way separately to 88–90 Hatton Garden. They managed to drill through the thick concrete foundations, but had stop work when they found their passage blocked by cabinets bolted to the other side of the wall. By the end of the night—the burglary took place over a bank holiday weekend—relations between several members of the gang and Reader were at breaking point, with serious consideration being given to evicting Reader from the scheme that night. In the event he pulled out of the job, and did not turn up on the night of the 3rd. Further problems arose when it became clear that Reader intended to collect his agreed cut regardless of the degree to which he had participated.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "By the time of his arrest for the Hatton Garden robbery, he was said to have earned \"millions\" from his trade and \"had a reputation as one of the country's most audacious burglars\". He was arrested on 19 May 2015, with diamond cutting equipment and the scarf he had worn on the night both being found in his house. He had failed to dispose of his mobile phone. Police also found a book detailing the life and career of a diamond trader. In March the following year he pled guilty to a charge of conspiracy at Woolwich Crown Court. He was sentenced to six years and three months in prison. He was unable to attend the gang's sentencing hearing following a stroke; his counsel suggested that Reader may have had a life expectancy of only a few months by this time. The journalist Paul Moreton has described Reader as being \"now deaf, half blind and at death's door, according to his lawyer\". In 2018, under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, he and three Hatton Garden associates were condemned to pay back £27.5 million between them. Sentenced by video link in March 2016, Reader served it in Belmarsh Prison, where on one occasion he collapsed and was left without care for two days by authorities, The Independent newspaper reported. While undergoing treatment at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, Reader was guarded by a nine-man-strong squad of police officers, six of whom were armed. He was released in March 2019.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "He was a thief forty years ago. They never took no chances, had it all their own way. Like all them thieves then. All that fucking business, all his partners, and all that, they weren't worth a wank. He's done nothing, the cunt, you would think he would shut up, Tel.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Daniel Jones, one of Reader's heist colleagues, reflecting critically on his and Reader's relationship to Levi, c. 2017.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The author Jonathan Levi has described Reader as having \"short white hair, full lips [and] still tough looking though also increasingly physically frail\". Known as \"The Master\", \"Diamond geezer\" and \"The Guv'nor\", Levi says Reader possesses natural leadership qualities \"with a commanding presence and decisive attitude\". Journalist Paul Peachey has suggested that \"the septuagenarian revelled in his reputation as a feared and dangerous armed robber\". Levi states Reader to be both methodical and, when required, menacing, although he suggests that colleagues have occasionally accused Reader of walking off a job in a huff. Perkins, for example, later expressed \"particular ire\" for Reader, arguing that while \"he was a proper thief 40 years ago\", by now he was a \"old ponce\" who spent his time \"talking about all our yesterdays. He bottled it at the last minute. He's supposed to be a full-on face.\" This—combined with Reader's perceived high-handedness and possible incompetence—resulted in tensions developing between Reader and several other members of the gang, to such a degree that they contributed to the unravelling of their plans. Reader also suffered multiple strokes and had recently recovered from prostate cancer.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Levi has argued that the main attraction to journalists and writers of Reader's gang is their generally elderly age and the \"old school\" nature of the job. As such, Reader has been portrayed several times in film and television. In 2016's Hatton Garden: The Heist, directed by Terry Lee Coker, he was played by Sidney Livingstone. Two years later, he was played by—in Levi's view a \"slightly miscast\"—Larry Lamb in Ronnie Thompson's The Hatton Garden Job, and in James Marsh's ensemble the same year—King of Thieves—Michael Caine played Reader as a \"rheumy-eyed ... lifelong crook first done for nicking tinned peaches 60 years previously\". Caine had expressed earlier enthusiasm, saying he would \"do it in an instant\". 2019 saw Reader played by Kenneth Cranham in ITV's four-part part TV series, Hatton Garden (\"a perfect foil to [Timothy Spall's] Perkins and the way they wind each other up is believable\"). In May the same year he was portrayed by James Nelson-Joyce in The Gold, a British TV series about the Brinks Mat investigation.", "title": "Portrayals" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is an incomplete list of Filipino full-length films, both mainstream and independently produced, released in theaters and cinemas in 2024. Some films are in production but do not have definite release dates.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hermegildo Camilo (born Hermenegildo Camelo; 16 October 1935 – 29 September 2009), known professionally as H. Britton, was an Indian singer, actor, lyricist, composer, playwright, director and producer who worked on the Konkani stage. A versatile performer, Camilo is best known for portraying female characters in tiatr productions, and has also composed more than 700 songs.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Hermegildo Camilo, originally named Hermenegildo Camelo, was born on 16 October 1935 in Agaçaim, Goa, which was part of Portuguese India during the Portuguese Empire (now in India), to Francisco Camelo and Maria Augusta Cardoso who hailed from Ribandar.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Camilo made a significant move to Bombay (now Mumbai) in order to pursue his acting career. During his time in Bombay, he actively engaged with different theater troupes, dedicating a major portion of his life to this city alongside his wife and two children. Although he primarily resided in Bombay, he would occasionally travel to Goa specifically for his tiatr shows. As time went on, Camilo eventually decided to permanently settle in Britona, Bardez, located in the state of Goa.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "During the late 1960s, Camilo participated in an annual tiatr performance organized by the residents of Britona on the occasion of the feast of Our Lady of Penha de França. Specifically traveling from Bombay (now Mumbai) to attend the village celebration, Camilo's presence was announced, generating much anticipation among the audience, which consisted of over 600 tiatr enthusiasts. The villagers held Camilo in high regard, as he had not performed in a tiatr production for four years, making his return a highly anticipated event. When Camilo took the stage, he delivered a humorous song that elicited uproarious laughter from the entire audience. The crowd continuously called for an encore, expressing their admiration through applause and whistling.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "According to Tomazinho Cardozo, a former president of the Tiatr Academy of Goa, Camilo's second song was exceptional. In this performance, Camilo portrayed a female character, captivating the audience with his distinctive style, including his attire, body language, gestures, and facial expressions. Cardozo describes Camilo's portrayal as that of a flawless young lady who humorously criticized the boys in her song. Despite the playful criticism, the boys in the audience enthusiastically called for Camilo to return to the stage for multiple encores. Cardozo refers to Camilo as \"Hermegildo,\" as he was highly cherished by the residents of Britona during that period. It is worth noting that even though Camilo had gained significant recognition as an artist under the name \"H. Britton\" on the tiatr stage in Bombay, the villagers of Britona still preferred to address him with his first name \"Hermegildo.\" Cardozo asserts that Camilo's singing, dancing, and portrayal of female characters were unparalleled in tiatr history, establishing his dominance as a female artist for an extended period despite the occasional breaks to pursue better opportunities abroad.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Camilo, upon his return, reembraced his passion for tiatr. Known for his vocal abilities, acting prowess, and lyrical talent, his compositions were characterized by their thematic depth, clever wit, and delightful humor. Camilo's creative repertoire encompassed over 700 original songs, complemented by his collaborations with tiatr artists such as M. Boyer and Jacinto Vaz. In addition to his musical contributions, he also ventured into playwriting and directing, showcasing his versatility within the realm of full-length tiatrs. His inaugural tiatr production titled Ekvottachem Foll achieved success.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Among Camilo's popular tiatrs that resonated with audiences were Custom Officer, Jivit Kuwaitchem (Life in Kuwait), Bebdo Put (Drunkard Son), and Bunhad Naslolem Ghor (House without Foundation). However, it was as a singer that he was known among the populace. His discography boasted numerous albums, with songs like \"Bandra Festac\", \"Marialina\", and \"Pandu Lampiaum\" transcending time to become facets of the cultural heritage. Cardozo writes, Camilo's contribution as a \"female\" artist in the tiatr domain was invaluable, particularly during periods characterized by a scarcity of female performers. By assuming roles traditionally assigned to women, he played a pivotal role in preserving the vitality of Konkani tiatr, ensuring its enduring prominence as a dynamic dramatic art form in Goa.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "O Heraldo writes, Camilo left a mark on the world of entertainment with his unique artistic style and vocal talents. He excelled in the portrayal of female characters, a practice that was considered socially unconventional during the period in which he thrived. Camilo's on-stage presence was characterized by his comedic persona, often evoking uproarious laughter from audiences as he donned vibrant sarees. His vocal versatility was truly remarkable, effortlessly transitioning between male and female registers with skill. Such was his mastery of female mannerisms that he occasionally prompted mistaken identity, with spectators genuinely perceiving him as a woman.", "title": "Style and reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 24 September 2009, Camilo, died at his residence in Penha de França, Goa, after a brief illness. His funeral took place three days later at Britona Cemetery. A large number of individuals gathered at Camilo's residence to pay their final respects to him.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Among those who paid their last respects to Camilo were prominent politicians such as Dayanand Narvekar, the MLA of Aldona, and Dr. Wilfred de Souza, the Vice Chairman of the Goa State Planning Board. Moreover, numerous personalities from the tiatr community attended the funeral. Individuals among them included Tomazinho Cardozo, the President of the Tiatr Academy of Goa, Prince Jacob, Cyriaco Dias, Sabina Alvares, Adv Mike Mehta, Anil Kumar, Bond Braganza, Jessy, Diana, Sabina Alvares, Mario Menezes, Osvi Viegas, Patrick Dourado, Xavier Paclo, Xavier Mascarenhas, C. D'Silva, Bab Andrew, Boneventur DPetro, Maestro Agnel, and Anceto Lawrenco.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Camilo was mourned by the then Chief Minister of Goa, Digambar Kamat, who expressed his condolences and acknowledged the significant loss his passing represented. Kamat recognized Camilo as one of the towering personalities of Goan tiatr and lamented the void created on the Konkani tiatr stage that would be difficult to fill. He extended his sympathies to the bereaved family.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Tomazinho Cardozo, who had a four-decade-long association with Camilo, praised him as a highly talented artist who had captured the hearts of the masses. Cardozo specifically highlighted Camilo's portrayal of female roles and emphasized that his contributions to tiatr would be forever remembered by fellow tiatrists. In an interview, Cardozo further emphasized the profound impact of Camilo's demise on the Konkani tiatr stage, describing him as one of the most gifted artistes in the field and a seasoned tiatrist. Cardozo commended Camilo's five-decade-long service to the Konkani tiatr stage, noting his contribution to its development. He also lauded Camilo's vocal abilities as a singer and his talents as a lyricist, with his songs characterized by wit and humor that captivated tiatr lovers in Goa and beyond. The Tiatr Academy of Goa also expressed their condolences.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Prince Jacob acknowledged Camilo's artistic prowess and his ability to mesmerize audiences with his captivating voice. Jacob credited Camilo with making significant contributions to the advancement of Konkani tiatr. He further acknowledged Camilo's unique talent for portraying female characters, a skill seldom seen among younger artists. Jacob described Camilo as a straightforward and compassionate individual, underscoring the tremendous loss his departure represented for the industry.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Cyriaco Dias highlighted Camilo's multifaceted talents as a lyricist, singer, and director. Recalling their collaboration in the 1960s, Dias mentioned the admiration Camilo received for his portrayal of female roles and commended his skill as a humorist.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Advocate Mike Mehta regarded Camilo as a stalwart of the tiatr industry, noting his ability to select subjects for his songs that resonated deeply with the public and gained widespread popularity. Mehta mourned the loss of the stage artiste and emphasized the irreplaceable void left by Camilo's departure, deeply affecting tiatr enthusiasts.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Leslie Pereira, a stage actor who had worked closely with Camilo, expressed his grief, acknowledging Camilo's talent in portraying female characters. Similarly, Albert Cabral expressed doubt that anyone could match Camilo's expertise in dressing up and imitating women. Both Pereira and Cabral anticipated the enduring impact of Camilo's absence. Theatre director Roseferns hailed Camilo as a legendary figure and a cherished friend among his tiatr colleagues.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Betty Nakibuuka also known as Betty Nakibuuka Senyonjo (born in 1975) is a Ugandan gospel musician, songwriter, and worshipper. She is the mother of the gospel artist Gloria Mulungi, also known as Baby Gloria. Some of her most notable songs include 'Baddu ba Yesu', 'Tukutendereza', 'Luyimba lwange', and 'Munene Munene', among others. With a career spanning over two decades, she has established herself as a prominent figure in the Ugandan gospel music industry.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Betty Nakibuuka was born as the eleventh child out of twelve siblings. At the young age of 14, she commenced employment. Together with her mother, Rose Nakato, Nakibuuka engaged in the selling of second-hand garments after school hours to generate funds for educational expenses and necessities. When her mother began experiencing joint pain and swelling, Nakibuuka embarked on the endeavor alone. In 1991, while carrying out her regular trade, Nakibuuka encountered preachers who convinced the adolescent to \"entrust all her burdens to Jesus Christ the savior. Nakibuuka possessed a fondness for children from a young age, prompting her involvement in the church's Sunday school dedicated to the youth. She began composing and recording songs with the young ones. She then encountered a reception and admiration for her singing talent which paved the way for recording offers for her debut album. She ventured into musical endorsements for esteemed corporations like House of Manji, Silky Pads, and Britania.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Some of her songs:", "title": "Discography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Nakibuuka is married to John Senyonjo and the couple was wedded on the 3rd of November 1999 at Full Gospel Church in Makerere. The couple has three children including the gospel artist Gloria Mulungi, also known as Baby Gloria.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "William Gray, Willis Gray, William E. Gray", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "William E. Gray, who went by the first name Willis, was a state legislator in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1881. A Republican, he represented Pulaski County. He was African American.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 (MALP-2) is a lipopeptide Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and 6 agonist. It is used in immunological research to simulate Mycoplasma bacterial infections and activate immune cells. MALP-2 holds promise as a novel vaccine adjuvant due to its activation of TLRs. It also promotes vascular, bone, and wound healing.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "MALP-2 has the structure S-2,3-bis(palmityloxy)-(2R)-propyl-cysteinyl-GNNDESNISFKEK and is derived from the CGNNDESNISFKEK peptide in which in the N-terminus cysteine residue sidechain is linked to a diacylglycerol where the two acyl groups are both derived from palmitic acid.", "title": "Structure" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "MALP-2 was initially named mycoplasma-derived high-molecular-weight material (MDHM) and, as the name suggests, had originally been isolated from Mycoplasma fermentans as an amphiphilic molecule with macropage-activating properties. This discovery helped explain how Mycoplasma bacteria can provoke immune responses despite lacking a cell wall.", "title": "Discovery" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bițu Fălticineanu (April 16, 1925 – January 5, 2012) was a Romanian film director.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Fălticineanu was born in the city of Sibiu in 1925. Throughout his career, he worked with artists at the Constantin Tanase Theatre, creating entertainment duos such as Stela Popescu and Alexandru Arşinel, and Nae Lăzărescu and Vasile Muraru [ro].", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the 2011–2012 performance season at the Constantin Theatre, many of his works were performed, such as \"Applause, Applause\", \"Idols of Women\", \"Revista Magazinelor\", and \"Arca lui Nae şi Vasile\". He also directed \"Hello, here is Stroe!\", which was dedicated to the 105th aniversary of the birth of Nicolae Stroe [ro]. He produced over 200 shows throughout his career, working as long as just a year before his death.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He died on January 5, 2012 of a long-term illness, and is buried in the Bucharest Sephardic Jewish Cemetery.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of Tizi Ouzou, also known as the Battle of Boukhalfa or the Battle of Rajaouna in June 1845, took place in the eastern outskirts of Algeria around the city of Tizi Ouzou.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "General Jean-François Gentil participated in the battle against the tribes of Tizi Ouzou in June 1845 The former Agha, known as Belqasem Oqasi, alongside the Khalifa Ahmed ben Salem, endeavored in March 1845 to incite rebellion among the tribes surrounding the Sebaou Valley near Tizi Ouzou Their objective was to regain influence over the region. They promised the tribes the imminent arrival of Prince Abd al-Qadir following his remarkable victories in the western region of Algeria Some factions from Ait Irathen From Larbaa Nath Irathen, Ait Fraoussen From Mekla, and Ait Jnad, responded to the call of Belqasem Oqasi and Ahmed ben Salem. They rallied to expel the leaders appointed by France in the region.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "However, the French occupation forces swiftly mobilized their collaborating troops at the onset of the rebellion, fortifying themselves in \"Burj Tizi Ouzou\" in the Rajaouna Mountains. They communicated the precarious situation to the Governor-General in Algiers General De Bar dispatched approximately 200 cavalry, overseen by the Commander of the Yser Region, to Tizi Ouzou to reinforce the appointed leaders and repel the tribal resistance's attack This support was followed by the arrival of another contingent of knights sent by the Commander of the Khachna Region, known as \"The Arab General,\" to reinforce the defenders of Tizi Ouzou.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The two forces, the tribal resistance on one side and the French collaborators on the other, clashed in the region of \"Ouled Boukhelifa\" (Boukhalfa) at the beginning of June 1845. There, Belqasem Oqasi and Ahmed ben Salem, along with the tribal resistors supporting them, suffered defeat, The resistance suffered some casualties, leading them to abandon Belqasem Oqasi and his successor, especially after discovering the camp of General Jean-François Gentil, who had arrived to support the French collaborators in Tizi Ouzou.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After this, The leadership of France's allies in the Kabyle region was reinforced and it marked an extension of french influence in Kabylia.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lissandro Formica (born 2 October 2009), performing under the mononym Lissandro, is a French teenaged singer best known for winning the 2022 Junior Eurovision Song Contest. Earlier, in 2020, he had reached the final of the seventh season of the French version of The Voice Kids.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lissandro was born on 2 October 2009 in the Moselle department.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He was discovered during the seventh season of The Voice Kids France (recorded mostly in 2019, broadcast in 2020), where he reached the final.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, he was internally selected by France Télévisions to represent France at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest with a song titled \"Oh Maman!\".", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On 28 October 2022, the song was released as a single. On November 6, the accompanying music video was unveiled.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 11 December, Lissandro won the Junior Eurovision with a total of 203 points, above second-place Armenia with 180 points and third-place Georgia with 161. This was France's second victory at the contest, after that of Valentina in 2020 with her song \"J'imagine\".", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Never Let Me Go (Thai: เพื่อนายแค่หนึ่งเดียว; RTGS: Phuea Nai Khae Nueng Diao) is a 2022 Thai television series, starring Naravit Lertratkosum and Phuwin Tangsakyuen", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Directed by Tichakorn Phukhaotong, produced by GMMTV and Hard Feeling Film, the series was announced at the GMMTV \"BORDERLESS\" event on December 1, 2021. The series premiered on GMM 25 and YouTube on December 13, 2022. The series concluded on February 28, 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Nuengdiao is the heir to a prestigious family. His status has forced him to grow up isolated with no room for imperfection. Then his father is shot to death right in front of him. Now he and his mother's lives are in danger. The son of a loyal Kiattrakulmethee family employee, Palm is appointed to protect him from the dangers in and outside school. In his life of uncertainty, Palm's presence leads Nuengdiao to new experiences.", "title": "Synopsis" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 76th Directors Guild of America Awards, honoring the outstanding directorial achievement in feature films, documentary, television and commercials of 2023, will be presented on February 10, 2024. The nominations for the television and documentary categories will be announced on January 9, 2024, while the nominations for the feature film categories will be announced on January 10, 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Silas Casey III (11 September 1841 – 14 August 1913) was a United States Navy rear admiral. He served as commander of the Pacific Squadron from 1901 to 1903.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Casey was born at his family's property in Washington County, Rhode Island in 1841. He was the son of U.S. Army officer Silas Casey, so his family moved along with his father's changing military assignments. The younger Casey entered the United States Naval Academy as an acting midshipman from New York state on 25 September 1856. He graduated as a midshipman in June 1860.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After graduation, Casey was assigned to the steam frigate USS Niagara from 1860 to 1862. After the outbreak of the American Civil War, he was promoted to master on 31 August 1861 and participated in an engagement with the shore batteries at Pensacola, Florida in October 1861. Promoted to lieutenant effective 16 July 1862, Casey served as executive officer of the gunboat USS Wissahickon in the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron from 1862 to 1863. He participated in several engagements with Fort McAllister at Savannah, Georgia in 1862 and the first naval attack on Charleston, South Carolina in April 1863.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 1863 to 1865, Casey served as executive officer on the sidewheel steamship USS Quaker City in the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, participating in the first and second naval attacks on Fort Fisher at Wilmington, North Carolina in December 1864 and January 1865. After the war, he served as navigating officer on the gunboat USS Winooski in the Atlantic Squadron from 1865 to 1867. Casey was promoted to lieutenant commander on 25 July 1866. He next served on the staff of the Naval Academy as a seamanship instructor from 1867 to 1870.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "From 1870 to 1873, Casey served as executive officer on the screw frigate USS Colorado, which was the flagship of Rear Adm. John Rodgers in the Asiatic Squadron. During the Battle of Ganghwa, he led a battalion of sailors in the attack on Korean Fort Sondolmok (later called Fort McKee) near the mouth of the Han River in June 1871. From 1873 to 1874, Casey was an ordnance officer at the Philadelphia Navy Yard. On 14 June 1874, he was promoted to commander.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "From 1875 to 1876, Casey served as commanding officer of the training ship USS Portsmouth along the Pacific coast. From 1876 to 1879, he was inspector for the Twelfth Lighthouse District. From 1880 to 1882, Casey served in the European Squadron, commanding the screw sloop USS Wyoming and the screw corvette USS Quinnebaug. From 1882 to 1884, he was an equipment officer at the Washington Navy Yard. From 1884 to 1889, Casey was inspector for the Fifth Lighthouse District and commander of the receiving ship USS Dale at the Washington Navy Yard.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 12 February 1889, Casey was promoted to captain. In July 1890, he was assigned to the fitting out of the protected cruiser USS Newark and then served as her first commanding officer from February 1891 to May 1893. From April 1894 to February 1897, Casey was commanding officer of the receiving ship USS Vermont at the New York Navy Yard. from February to November 1897, he served as commanding officer of the armored cruiser USS New York.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "From January 1898 to January 1901, Casey was commandant of the League Island Navy Yard. He was promoted to commodore on 11 May 1898 and rear admiral on 3 March 1899. In January 1901, Casey assumed command of the Pacific Squadron from Rear Adm. Albert Kautz. His flagship was the battleship USS Wisconsin until 9 December 1902, when he shifted his flag to his former command, the USS New York. On 11 September 1903, he retired from active duty, having reached the mandatory retirement age of sixty-two.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Casey was the son of Silas Casey and Abby Perry (Pearce) Casey. His older brother was U.S. Army engineer Thomas Lincoln Casey.", "title": "Personal Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Casey married Sophie Gray Heberton (1 March 1843 – 8 August 1922) on 4 October 1865. They had two daughters.", "title": "Personal Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Casey and his wife lived in Washington, D.C. after his retirement. In 1913, he died at Warm Springs, Virginia and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. His wife and eldest daughter were later interred beside him.", "title": "Personal Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Club Virginia Orchestra (Spanish: Orquesta Club Virginia) is a 1992 Spanish comedy film directed by Manuel Iborra [es] from a screenplay he co-wrote with Joaquín Oristrell. It stars Jorge Sanz, Antonio Resines, Santiago Ramos, Enrique San Francisco, Emma Suárez, and Juan Echanove.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Inspired by the life of Santi Arisa [es] and set in 1967, the plot follows the plight of a Spanish provincial orchestra touring in the Middle East during the Six Day War.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Shooting locations in Morocco included Marrakesh, Taroudant, Tangier, and Tétouan.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film was released theatrically in Spain on 11 September 1992.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tim van de Loo (born 22 March 2003) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Eerste Divisie club Telstar.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Van de Loo was born in Nieuw-Vennep, North Holland, and played youth football for Alphense Boys. During his time in the under-18s, he was coached by former professional footballer Julian Jenner. In 2021, Van de Loo joined Telstar's youth academy. On 14 August 2023, he made his professional debut, replacing Zakaria Eddahchouri in the 76th minute of a 1–0 loss to Jong PSV in the Eerste Divisie. Van de Loo quickly became a regular starter in head coach Mike Snoei's squad. His first assist came on 29 September, contributing to a 3–2 win against Jong Ajax by setting up Danzell Gravenberch's goal for a 2–1 lead. Later, on 28 November 2023, he inked his inaugural professional contract with Telstar, committing to the club until 2026.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sugar Zaza (Hebrew: שוגר זאזא) is the nickname for the Israeli comedian duo of Tom Trager (born January 6, 1988) and Or Paz (born October 6, 1988). The two began working in 2006 as part of \"Flix\" website run by Tapuz, later creating television productions and beginning a YouTube channel for comedy sketches and web series.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On Flix, the duo published many collaborative skits with other actors, the first being called \"The Ackerman Family\", released on September 19, 2006. The skit was a parody of American sitcoms, and was about 12 minutes long. They published 22 more skits up until the end of June 2008.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In early 2009, Trager and Paz published the first episode of the animated web television series, Ahmed and Salim for the Carton Network Adult Swim block. They produced and voice all the characters for the show as their first successful venture into the American media market. The show was a parody of Islamist fundamentalism. The series would produce 22 episodes in total, and would be their first global success.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Following the success of Ahmed and Salim, a 22-minute pilot of a television show was produced for a series on Bip, which aired in 2010. The channel was shut down at the end of 2010, and the series was never produced.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2010, the producers of Night Tube [he] reached out to Trager and Paz with a request to produce another series, Mindy and the Magician. Following production, the deal fell apart after refusal to air the series by the duo due to the fact that the series was intended for too niche of a market, and was not something they were interested in sharing. Following the refusal, the content was aired anyways, and the Israel National Council for the Child criticized the creators, claiming that the series was innapropriate for its intended demographic and featured themes of pedophilia that shouldn't be shown to children, and filed a lawsuit with the judicial system. The court threw out the suit, saying that the complaint had a lack of grounds and no real way to pursue a conviction. In a later interview, both Trager and Paz claimed that the videos were never intended to be broadcast on television, and were created for a small group of people, and the videos were subsequently deleted when they began to gain traction online.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After the end of production for Ahmed and Salim, the duo began a YouTube channel for publishing both web series and one-off comedic sketches. On November 9, 2011, they released the music video \"The GAG Quarter - le Internet Medley\", a medley of songs originating from Youtube videos and various internet memes. The video has been comercially successful, and has over 43 million views as of December 2023.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On August 22, 2013, Sugar Zaza released \"Director Zero\", in which a character named Zero (portrayed by Trager) was introduced as a satire on the Ugly Israeli [he] sterotype. The video garnered hundreds of thousands of views, mostly domestically in Israel. In 2014, the duo launched a crowdfunding campaign on Headstart to produce a feature film based on Zero. The campaign recieved great support and raised ₪30,000. The rest of the budget was supplemented by Comedy Central Israel, who helped produce it. Movie Zero [he] was broadcast in early 2015 on the channel, and was published a few days later on their YouTube channel, where it has garnered 3 million views as of December 2023.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 2015, Trager, with help by Paz, began a new YouTube channel and Facebook series called \"Megaphone\" where he makes jokes about topics such as pride parades, the slut walk, homophobia, and other contemporary topics in Israeli society. In 2018, the two teamed up with Israeli businessman Oded Faran and created a merchandise shop called the \"Unnecessary Virtual Store\". They began changing the tone of their channel, transitioning from edgier, satirical jokes to a more family-friendly and soft humor, to the dismay of many of their longtime viewers.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In Zecember 2022, the duo, in collaboration with Ron Minis, formed the punk band \"Why Am I Alive?\", and released their first album, titled \"I Wish I Were Dead\" alongside the singles \"If my phone says 'seen' then why don't you answer?\" and \"Why do I need to tip if there is already shipping charges?\". In March 2023, they began touring.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rivoire is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Boys in the Boat (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack to the 2023 film of the same name directed by George Clooney. The film's musical score is composed by Alexandre Desplat whose soundtrack consisting of 22 tracks released by Sony Classical Records on December 22, 2023, three days ahead of the film's release.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Boys in the Boat, marked Desplat's fifth collaboration with Clooney, following The Ides of March (2011), The Monuments Men (2014), Suburbicon (2017) and The Midnight Sky (2020). His inclusion was confirmed in early October 2023. Desplat felt that he never worked on a \"full-fledged sports film\" and felt the film as \"a good way of starting\" exploring Joe's journey and the sports as well. Recorded at the Abbey Road Studios in August–November 2023, Desplat simultaneously worked on this score along with Nyad.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Music critic Jonathan Broxton called it as \"a real return to form for Alexandre Desplat after a few years of ups and downs\". Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood said \"Two-time Oscar winner Alexandre Desplat's lovely score avoids the usual beats for this genre and is well matched to what we see on screen\". Variety-based Owen Gleiberman described the score as \"thick with traditional combat valor\", while Mae Abdulbaki of Screen Rant and Amy Nicholson of The New York Times called it as \"moving\" and \"plucky\". Sheri Linden of The Hollywood Reporter said that Desplat's \"gentle, versatile score is fully in tune with\". Tim Grierson of Screen International described it as a \"fleet, thrilling orchestral music\". Nick Schager of The Daily Beast wrote \"Alexandre Desplat’s accompanying musical compositions lean into the sequence’s melodramatic atmosphere, the result being a form-content synergy that establishes rowing as a sport predicated on the harmony between man, craft, instrument, and nature.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hannah Grae is a rock musician from Port Talbot. Several of her works have gone viral online, and she released a mini-album, Hell Is a Teenage Girl, in April 2023. She is a member of Loud LDN.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Grae was born in Port Talbot, and has a brother. Her parents worked as a drama teacher and in the film industry. Growing up, she was a fan of Hannah Montana, having first developed interest through a shared given name, and found her double life as a schoolgirl by day and a popstar by night aspirational; from her, she became a fan of Taylor Swift. She later became a fan with Justin Bieber when she was ten. She was inspired to make her own music after watching an episode of Friends in which Phoebe Buffay wrote a song; her first work was a song called \"The Chicken Song\", and her first works were acoustic piano-based songs.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She later took over her father's studio; in a September 2023 interview with Rolling Stone, she stated that her father had built it in her garden seven years earlier, that it started off as his office but turned into a Ninjutsu studio, and that after her brother formed a band and took over the cabin, they had to soundproof it following a complaint from Neath Port Talbot County Borough Council. She later diversified into rock-based cover versions and reworkings, such as a version of Olivia Rodrigo's \"Drivers License\" from the perspective of her ex-boyfriend's new partner; in 2021, she uploaded a parody of Aqua's \"Barbie Girl\" with lyrics about sexual harassment to YouTube and TikTok, which went viral on both platforms, with commenters treating the comments section as a safe space and sharing their own stories of abuse. Moved by the response, she began composing original songs.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Grae's debut single, released in September 2022, was \"Propaganda\", a song about the pressures of social media. In November, she released \"Time of Your Life\", a song about adolescent issues, alongside a video filmed in a Port Talbot comprehensive school. She then released the singles \"I Never Say No\" and \"Hell Is a Teenage Girl\", the latter of which took its name from a line in Jennifer's Body, and then in April 2023, she released \"Jaded\", an attempt at writing about feelings of inferiority in relationships; all five singles appeared on her mini-album Hell Is a Teenage Girl, which she released later that month, and intended as a riposte to her bullies. After she finished writing Hell Is a Teenage Girl, she took a five-month break, during which time she moved to London, doing so in January 2022; she resumed writing as a way of distracting herself from external pressures.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Her next single, \"Screw Loose\", was released on 25 August 2023, and was written about feelings of confusion in her new surroundings; the following day, she and Nieve Ella performed at Reading Festival. In September 2023, she then released \"It Could've Been You\", a pop-punk record about heartbreak which had previously been teased on TikTok and gone viral, and which NME likened to Blink-182's \"All the Small Things\" with lyrics \"similar to Paramore’s \"Misery Business\"; a music video was filmed at The George Tavern, and was released in October 2023. For Halloween, she released \"Who Dunnit?\", an experimental song about not being taken seriously accompanied by a music video, and in December 2023, she appeared on Dork's Hype List.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Hell Is a Teenage Girl was inspired by Paramore, My Chemical Romance, Queen, and Taylor Swift. In an interview with The Line of Best Fit in September 2023, Grae cited the honesty of Alanis Morissette as a \"huge influence\"; the piece also noted that Grae's music was \"littered with female influences, from Swift’s songwriting sentimentalities and melodic prowess to the energy of No Doubt\", and sported \"a powerful vocal dexterity that, at its highest reaches, carries echoes of [...] Hayley Williams and [...] Demi Lovato\". When writing \"It Could've Been You\", she referenced Bowling for Soup, Green Day, Paramore, American Hi-Fi, Avril Lavigne, Mean Girls and Shrek, and when writing \"Who Dunnit?\", she was initially inspired by \"Heart of Glass\" by Blondie. For some of her songs, she writes as her influences, imagining what Swift or Morissette would write about a particular topic. She is a member of Loud LDN, a collective of London-based women and genderqueer musicians founded in May 2022.", "title": "Artistry" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Almir José de Oliveira Gabriel COMM (Belém, August 18, 1932 - Belém, February 19, 2013) was a Brazilian doctor and politician affiliated to the Brazilian Labor Party (PTB). He was governor of Pará for two terms, senator and mayor of the capital Belém.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Almir Gabriel is the son of Inácio Cúri Gabriel and Palmira de Oliveira Gabriel and was born in Belém do Pará on August 18, 1932. In 1956, he graduated in medicine from the Federal University of Pará (UFPA). During his undergraduate studies, he participated in the student movement as president of the academic directory and as vice-president of the União Acadêmica Paraense. After graduating, he became a doctor at Petrobras and began a specialization course in thoracic surgery at the National Tuberculosis Service in Rio de Janeiro, which he completed in 1958.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After returning to Belém, he headed the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital between 1962 and 1965, known as the Barros Barreto Sanatorium at the time. In 1966, he specialized in cardiovascular surgery at the Cardiology Institute of the São Paulo State Department of Public Health and Social Assistance. In 1971, he returned to the direction of the Barros Barreto Sanatorium, where he remained for another five years. In 1975, he took courses in national security and development at the Associação dos Diplomados da Escola Superior de Guerra (ADESG) in Belém.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Almir Gabriel was married to Maria do Socorro França Gabriel, with whom he had four children, and died on February 19, 2013, in Belém at the age of 80 from multiple organ failure after suffering from pulmonary emphysema and heart insufficiency.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1977, Almir Gabriel began his political career after being appointed director of the National Division of Sanitary Pneumology at the Ministry of Health, where he remained until 1979. In 1978, he also assumed the position of interim secretary of the National Secretariat for Special Health Programs. Later, he was hired by Governor Alacid Nunes to occupy the office of Secretary of Health of Pará, between March 1979 and September 1983.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1983, he was appointed mayor of Belém by Governor Jader Barbalho. In the same year, he drafted the bill that created the Parliamentary Welfare Institute in Belém, which guaranteed a pension to councillors after eight years in office. He joined the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) the following year and left the mayor's post in January 1986.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In the November 1986 elections, Almir Gabriel was elected senator for the PMDB with 463,774 votes and became eligible to attend the National Constituent Assembly (ANC), responsible for drafting Brazil's 1988 Constitution. Sworn in on February 1, 1987, he was appointed by PMDB leader Mário Covas as rapporteur for the Social Order Commission, which dealt with issues related to workers' rights, health, security, the environment and minorities. In the same year, he was a member of the Systematization Committee and an alternate member of the Subcommittee on Science and Technology and Communication, the Committee on the Family, Education, Culture and Sports, Science and Technology and Communication of the ANC.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "During the debates in the Constituent Assembly, Almir Gabriel supported the rupture of diplomatic relations with countries that carried out policies of racial discrimination, the collective injunction, the 40-hour working week, the six-hour non-stop shift, proportional prior notice, the nationalization of the subsoil, the limitation of real interest rates to 12% per year, the prohibition of the blood trade, the creation of a fund to support agrarian reform and the expropriation of areas considered productive for the purposes of agrarian reform.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "He was also against the legalization of jogo do bicho, the five-year term of President José Sarney, presidentialism and the oil distribution monopoly. After the promulgation of the Constitution on October 5, 1988, he resumed his regular legislative work in the Senate, serving as general rapporteur of the Joint Budget Committee in the same year.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In 1989, he joined the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), an organization formed in June of the previous year as a result of the discontent of some parliamentarians with the outcome of the Constituent Assembly votes. In the direct elections for President of the Republic in November, he was the candidate for vice-president on Mário Covas' (PSDB) platform. With a total of 7,790,392 votes (11.51% of the valid votes), he came fourth, behind Fernando Collor de Melo, of the National Reconstruction Party (PRN), Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, of the Workers' Party (PT) - who went on to the second round in December, when Collor was victorious - and Leonel Brizola, of the Democratic Labor Party (PDT).", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In 1990, Almir Gabriel ran for governor of the state of Pará on the Frente Popular Novo Pará Coalition, the result of an alliance between the PSDB, the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), the PDT and the PT. He came third with 230,242 votes (16.28% of the valid votes) and resumed his mandate as senator. In July 1994, Gabriel was awarded the Order of Military Merit by President Itamar Franco with the rank of Special Commander.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In 1994, Almir Gabriel ran again for governor of Pará in a PSDB coalition with the Liberal Front Party (PFL), PDT, Brazilian Labor Party (PTB), Popular Socialist Party (PPS), PSB, PCB and PCdoB. In the first round, Almir Gabriel came second with 458,000 votes (37.21% of the valid votes) against 471,165 votes for Jarbas Passarinho (PPR). In the second round, Almir Gabriel obtained the support of the PT, whose candidate, Valdir Ganzer, had come third in the first round, and won 870,827 votes (62.73% of the valid votes), winning the election. He took office on January 1, 1995, and in his first month, he requested federal funds to complete major projects, such as the Trans-Amazonian Highway and the Tucuruí Dam.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In the 1998 elections, Almir Gabriel ran for re-election on the União pelo Pará Coalition formed by PSDB, PTB, PPS, Brazilian Progressive Party (PP), Liberal Party (PL), Green Party (PV), Social Christian Party (PSC), National Mobilization Party (PMN), Social Democratic Party (PSD) and Avante (PTdoB). He received 773,185 votes (44.54% of the valid votes) and proceeded to the second round alongside runner-up Jader Barbalho. In the second round, Almir Gabriel received 981,409 votes (53.89% of the valid votes) and won the election for governor of Pará.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "After four years out of public life, Almir Gabriel ran again for the government of Pará in the 2006 elections, with Valéria Pires Franco as his vice-governor candidate. União pelo Pará, his coalition, included 15 parties: PSDB, PFL, PTB, PSC, PL, PV, PTdoB, PMN, PP, Party of the Nation's Retirees (PAN), Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB), Humanist Party of Solidarity (PHS), Christian Labor Party (PTC), Progressive Republican Party (PRP) and Reconstruction of the National Order Party (PRONA). The election was decided in the second round; Ana Júlia Carepa received 54.92% of the votes (1,673,648 votes) and defeated Gabrial, who received only 45.07% of the valid votes (1,373,474 votes).", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "In 2009 Almir Gabriel left the PSDB and in 2011 he joined the PTB, where he was mentioned as a candidate to run for mayor of Belém in the 2012 elections. However, he never ran.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Almir Gabriel became internationally known for the Eldorado do Carajás Massacre, one of Brazil's main agrarian conflicts, which took place during his first term as governor of Pará in 1996. In the event, the Pará State Military Police were ordered to clear the road between Marabá and Parauapebas, obstructed by around 3,500 landless workers. The confrontation between the police and the protesters left 19 dead (many of them with signs of execution), and 80 injured (69 landless and 11 police officers). Although he was never held formally responsible for what happened, Almir Gabriel was identified by the Landless Workers' Movement (MST) as the mastermind, since he allegedly ordered the road to be cleared by violent force.", "title": "Controversies" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Northwestern Wildcats football team will represent Northwestern University as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They are led by second-year head coach David Braun and will play their home games at Ryan Field located in Evanston, Illinois.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Depelsha Thomas McGruder is the vice president, chief operating officer, and treasurer of the Ford Foundation. She is also the founder of Moms of Black Boys (MOBB) United, a non-profit organization advocating for Black boys and young men as well as increased accountability for law enforcement.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "McGruder was born in Atlanta, Georgia. She earned her BA in broadcast journalism from Howard University in 1994 and followed by her MBA from Harvard Business School in 1998.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "McGruder worked at MTV as a senior director for business development. In 2006, she was promoted to senior vice president of business operations and strategy for MTV, where she was responsible for strategy, growth planning, and operational improvements. She also worked as an executive for Black Entertainment Television. McGruder attributes her career success to a specific strategy of \"climbing the ranks by working in a range of corporate functions\", keeping focus on whether each assignment helps her on achieving specific career goals.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2016, after the police killings of Alton Sterling and Philando Castile, McGruder started the Facebook group \"Moms of Black Boys United\" (MOBB). Within a month, the group had grown to over 117,000 members. McGruder ascribes the growth of MOBB to the \"urgent need for discussion around the topic of police brutality and the fact that many mothers share the same fears, concerns, frustrations, anger and anxiety surrounding the issue.\" Based on its success, MOBB evolved into two non-profit organizations: Moms of Black Boys United, a 501(c)(3) focused on raising support and changing perceptions, and MOBB United for Social Change, a 501(c)(4) that seeks to influence policy \"around how Black men and young men are treated and perceived by law enforcement and society at the local, state, and federal levels\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2018, McGruder became chief operating officer of New York Public Radio. In 2020, McGruder joined the Ford Foundation as its chief operating officer and treasurer, overseeing finance and global operations for the $13 billion foundation.", "title": "Career" } ]

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