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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Boris Alekseyevich Vvedensky (Russian: Борис Алексеевич Введенский; 19 April 1893 – 1 June 1969) was a Soviet radiophysicist, academic and university professor.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Boris Vvedensky was born in Moscow in the family of a professor at the Moscow Theological Academy. In 1911 he graduated from a high school in Moscow, and in 1915 from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the University of Moscow, from 1912 he worked in the laboratory of Vladimir Arkadiev, and in 1913 he became a laboratory assistant at the physics laboratory of Moscow University, and in 1915 a laboratory employee at the factory of military field telephones in Moscow. In 1916 he published his first scientific work.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From June 1916 to August 1917 he served in the Russian army, then returned to work at the telephone factory. In 1919 he became an employee of the laboratory of the Main Military-Engineering Directorate of the Red Army and a lecturer at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow State University. From 1923 to 1927 he was a senior researcher at the department magnetic State Experimental Electrotechnical Institute, then he became a senior researcher at the All-Union Electrotechnical Institute, where he later also served as head of the department and scientific director of the laboratory. From 1935 to 1940 he headed the laboratory of the Scientific and Research Institute in Leningrad (later he was a consultant at this institute) and was the scientific head of the laboratory of the Scientific and Research Institute of Physics at Moscow State University. In 1944 Vvedensky became the head of the laboratory and scientific director of the Scientific and Research Institute and from 1954 to the end of his life he headed the department of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. In 1934 he became a corresponding member and in 1943 an academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1929 he received the title of professor and in 1934 doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, and from 1946 to 1953 he was a member of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1945 he became deputy chairman, and in 1947 chairman (until 1951) of the All-Union Scientific Council on Radiophysics and Radio Engineering of the USSR Academy of Sciences.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 1949 to 1951 Vvedensky was a member of the main editorial board and then main editor of the second edition and then the head of preparatory work for the third edition of the \"Great Soviet Encyclopedia\" (1951–1959). From 1959 to 1969 he chaired the Scientific Council of the Sovetskaya Encyklopedija Publishing House. From 1959 to 1969 he was the editor-in-chief of the third edition of the \"Small Soviet Encyclopedia\", as well as the physical encyclopedia dictionary. In 1955 he became a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Vvedensky's first works dealt with various issues in the field of magnetism and the theory of eddy currents . In 1925, he invented a method for calculating eddy currents in a ferromagnet with \"magnetic viscosity\". Along with Grigory Landsberg, he is the author of the fundamental work “Modern Doctrine of Magnetism.” From 1927 to 1934 he took part in the compilation of the “Technical Encyclopedia\" in 26 volumes, edited by Ludwig Martens, author of articles on the subject of “radiophysics”.", "title": "Scientific work" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Another area of his activity was issues related to the generation and reception of radio waves, in particular VHF. In 1926 he published the book “Physical Phenomena in Electron Tubes,” dedicated to these problems. Subsequent work was devoted to the development of the theory of diffraction of ultrashort radio waves.", "title": "Scientific work" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1933, he noted the influence of layered inhomogeneity of the troposphere on the propagation of ultrashort waves. Subsequently, in two reviews (1941, 1943), he gave a scientific substantiation of the data available in the world literature on the influence of the troposphere on the propagation of ultrashort waves. From 1944, he carried out a number of studies related to elucidating the influence of the troposphere on the propagation of ultrashort waves and the formation of a new field of knowledge, radio meteorology.", "title": "Scientific work" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The battle of Gourma-Rharous took place on April 18, 2017, between French and Malian forces against an attacking Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin formed in March 2017 as a merger of five jihadist groups that initially rebelled against the Malian government in 2012. Prior to the attack on Gourma-Rharous, JNIM had launched an attack on Malian forces in Boulikessi.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At five in the morning local time, JNIM fighters attacked the military camp in Gourma-Rharous. At the time of the attack, the city was defended by units of the Malian Army, the Malian National Guard, in particular the 33rd Parachute Commando Regiment. The jihadists divided into two groups, and launched the attack with fifteen men in each group. One of the groups managed to enter the military base, but was quickly repulsed by Malian troops. Fighting then spread to the western part of the city. The attackers seized equipment and two pick-ups, and burned four other vehicles.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Malian authorities then alerted French Barkhane troops, who dispatched several helicopters. French forces intercepted the fleeing jihadists around thirty kilometers from the city, near Tin Ahara. Several jihadists were killed and two pick-ups were destroyed. MINUSMA helicopters were then dispatched to help the wounded, with the most seriously injured soldiers being taken to Gao for treatment.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "JNIM claimed responsibility for the attack that same day. French forces claimed the deaths or injuries of ten jihadists. Malian journalists later corroborated the deaths of six jihadists killed during the fighting for Gourma-Rharous, and ten killed and four captured by French forces. Two civilians were killed in the attack, both children.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Malian government initially released a toll of four soldiers killed and sixteen injured, which was corroborated by the French government. This toll was updated to five killed and ten wounded on the evening of April 18.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Lot, stylized as THE LOT, is an American luxury movie theater chain headquartered in La Jolla, California. Founded in 2015, the company operates primarily in Southern California as well as one location in Northern California. The chain's theater complexes are adjoined by sit-down restaurants, bars, and cafes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Lot was founded in 2015 in La Jolla, California, a community in San Diego. It was founded by Adolfo Fastlicht, a cinema proprietor who previously co-founded Cinemex. The company's name is a shortening of the word \"backlot\". The first location, a seven-screen multiplex located on Fay Avenue in La Jolla, cost US$18,000,000 to construct and opened on September 30, 2015.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On May 5, 2016, The Lot opened its second location in the Luce Auditorium, a former United States Navy facility at Liberty Station in San Diego. The former 2,200-seat auditorium was divided into six smaller auditoriums. Several parts of the historic theater, such as the original wood stage flooring and the proscenium arch, were preserved and incorporated into the lobby.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On April 26, 2018, The Lot opened its third location and first outside of San Diego County, a seven-screen complex at the Fashion Island mall in Newport Beach, California. On November 8, 2018, the company's fourth location was opened in San Ramon, California, as an inaugural tenant of the Bishop Ranch City Center mall.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Winnie Mae is a modified Lockheed 5C Vega flown by Wiley Post during the 1930 National Air Races, winning first place with a time of 9 hours, 9 minutes, and 4 seconds, as well as setting records for the fastest around-the-world flight in 1931, with a time of 8 days, 15 hours, and 51 minutes, the first solo around-the-world flight in 1933, and the flight altitude record in 1934, reaching 50,000 feet. The Winnie Mae was sold to the Smithsonian Institution after Wiley Post's death, where it is currently being displayed at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Winnie Mae was built in 1930 by the Lockheed Corporation in Burbank, California, with the serial number 122 as a Lockheed 5B model. In June of 1930, Florence C. Hall, an oil baron based in Chickasha, Oklahoma, purchased the Winnie Mae for $22,000 and named it after his daughter. The plane had been intended for personal use and Hall's personal pilot, Wiley Post, would pilot the aircraft. On August 27th, 1930, with permission from the plane's owner Florence C. Hall, Wiley Post entered the Winnie Mae in the National Air Races. Winning first place in the men's non-stop cross-country derby securing a cash prize of $7,500 and setting a record time of 9 hours, 9 minutes, and 4 seconds; an achievement which was painted on the plane's fuselage.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On June 23rd, 1931, Wiley Post along with Australian aviator Harold Gatty acting as navigator departed New York in an attempt to beat the record for the fastest around-the-world flight. After 14 refueling stops they landed back in New York on July 1st, 1931, having completed the circuit in 8 days, 15 hours, and 51 minutes. Being the first to complete an around-the-world flight in a fixed-wing aircraft and beating Hugo Eckener's previous record of 21 days, 5 hours, and 31 minutes in a Zeppelin. After completing the flight, Wiley Post acquired Winnie Mae from Florence C. Hall. On July 8th, 1931, Wiley Post competed in the National Air Races again with the Winnie Mae, being beaten by Jimmy Dolittle in a Laird Super Solution.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1932, Wiley Post converted the Winne Mae from a Lockheed 5B to a Lockheed 5C model and installed various other modifications. Its Wasp C engine was upgraded with cylinders from a Wasp C1, increasing the horsepower from 420 to 500. Its fixed-pitch propeller was upgraded to a Smith 450-SI variable-pitch propeller, and the wing's angle of incidence was decreased by 10 degrees to increase the plane's airspeed by approximately 10 MPH (16 KPH). In 1933, Wiley Post installed a Sperry gyroscopic autopilot, a fairly new invention at the time, and added six auxiliary fuel tanks in preparation for his solo around-the-world flight, giving the Winnie Mae a fuel capacity of 645 gallons.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On July 15th, 1933, Wiley Post departed Floyd Bennett Airfield, New York, in the Winnie Mae on what would become the first solo around-the-world flight. At 11:58 A.M. (AKST) on July 20th, 1933, after a 3,000-mile leg from Khabarovsk, Siberia to Nome, Alaska, Post overflew his destination and got lost, crash-landing next to a U.S. Army Signal Corps radio station at Flat, Alaska after 7 hours of searching for an airfield. The aircraft's wheels sank into the soft ground causing the plane to nose over, damaging its propeller, engine cowling, and right landing gear strut. Replacement parts were flown in from Fairbanks, Alaska, and after repairs, the Winnie Mae departed Alaska the following day at 7:28 A.M. (AKST). Post completed his record-breaking solo around-the-world flight in 7 days, 18 hours, and 49 minutes, stopping 11 times for fuel. When the Winnie Mae landed back in New York on July 22nd, over 50,000 spectators gathered to catch a glimpse of Wiley Post and his now-famous aircraft.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In early 1934, Wiley Post started modifying the Winnie May for high-altitude long-distance flights, supercharging the engine and adding jettisonable landing gear as well as a skid to land on, this design was chosen to reduce drag on the aircraft. The Winnie Mae could not be pressurized due to its wooden construction, so Post had a full-body pressure suit made with financial support from the Phillips Petroleum Company. On December 7th, 1934, Post flew the Winnie Mae to an estimated fifty thousand feet above Bartlesville, Oklahoma, unofficially setting the flight altitude record for a fixed-wing aircraft. Wiley Post understood that planes fly faster at higher altitudes, so he set out to beat the current cross-country speed record. After four failed attempts, Post settled for the Burbank, California, to Cleveland, Ohio, route, which he completed on March 15, 1935, covering the 2,035 miles in the stratosphere in 7 hours, 19 minutes at an impressive 340 MPH (547 KPH). For comparison, the Lockheed 5C Vega normally had a top speed of 185 MPH (298 KPH). The Winnie Mae was able to achieve its high speeds by flying in the jet stream, a fast-flowing atmospheric air current.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Wiley Post died in a plane crash on August 15, 1935, while flying a modified Lockheed Orion near Point Barrow, Alaska. Shortly after in 1936, Post's wife sold the Winnie Mae for $25,000 to the Smithsonian Institution, which still preserves it to this day at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Data from Lockheed Vega Winnie Mae | National Air and Space Museum", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "General characteristics", "title": "Specifications" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Performance", "title": "Specifications" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Marnie is a feminine given name derived from the name Marina. Marna is a Swedish variant. Awareness of the name in the Anglosphere increased due to the 1961 crime novel Marnie by Winston Graham and the 1964 psychological film thriller Marnie directed by Alfred Hitchcock.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bailey Law School was a private law school located in Black Mountain and Asheville, North Carolina. It was established in 1859 by judge John Lancaster Bailey in Black Mountain but moved to Asheville after the Civil War. It operated in Asheville for ten years before closing.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bailey Law School was established in 1859 by John Lancaster Bailey. Bailey was born in Pasquotank County, North Carolina in 1795 and graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1819. Bailey served as the attorney for the University of North Carolina, starting in 1832. He then studied law under James Iredell in Edenton, North Carolina. Iredell was the Attorney General of North Carolina and a justice with the Supreme Court of the United States. Bailey practiced law after receiving his license and also served in both branches of the state legislature and the North Carolina 1834 constitutional convention. In January 1837, he was elected a judge of the North Carolina Superior Court and served in this role for more than 25 years until he resigned on November 29, 1863.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Bailey first taught law students from his practice in Elizabeth City, North Carolina. He started a law school in Hillsborough, North Carolina, along with Frederick Nash who was a justice on the North Carolina Supreme Court. Their students came from across the South. The school was known for Bailey's large library.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Bailey purchased land near Black Mountain, North Carolina from Jesse Stepp in 1858. In February 1859, Bailey and his son, William Henry Bailey, advertised their intent to form a law school in Buncombe County, North Carolina on \"the first of March next\". His son had been the Attorney General of North Carolina. One established, Bailey Law School attracted students from across North Carolina. However, the school closed in 1861 because of the Civil War, with William and many of the school's students enlisting in the Confederate Army.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the war, Bailey reestablished the school in Asheville and also practiced law with James Green Martin. William Bailey did not return to the school and instead opened a law practice in Salisbury, North Carolina where he proposed to establish another law school.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Bailey Law School operated in Asheville for ten years before closing when Bailey died on June 30, 1877. It had one female student, Grace Hallyburton.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The law school was originally housed in a one-room log cabin at the North Fork, near the headwaters of the Swannanoa River outside of Black Mountain. The school was near Greybeard Mountain and ran close to the top of Black Mountain (now Mount Mitchell). The building faced the river and had the mountains to its rear. The students boarded at the Alexander Inn and had to climb a mountain to reach the cabin. After the Civil War, the school moved to Biltmore Avenue in Asheville where it was housed in a one-story structure.", "title": "Campus" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "After Bailey died in 1879, James G. Martin, an alumnus of the Bailey Law School, served as Bailey's executor and oversaw the sale of the original campus. One of the property's many owners was John Kerr Connally, another Bailey Law School alumnus. Later, it become the site of Zebulon Vance's Gombroon Estate. This property is now part of the Asheville watershed/North Fork Reservoir and part of the Mount Mitchell State Park.", "title": "Campus" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Bailey Law School had a chapter of Sigma Nu fraternity in 1871.", "title": "Student life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John Andrew Reynolds (August 15, 1820 – April 26, 1889) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1879 to 1882.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "John Andrew Reynolds was born on August 15, 1820, in Colerain Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. He attended West Nottingham Academy in Cecil County, Maryland.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1848, Reynolds was first lieutenant in the Maryland Militia during the Mexican–American War.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Reynolds worked in the merchandising business. He was school director in Sadsbury Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, for nine years. He was school director in Atglen. He was a deputy for the United States Marshals Service in 1870. He was also a fire insurance agent and grocer. He was treasurer of the Chester County Mutual Fire Insurance Company for four years.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Reynolds was a Republican. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1879 to 1882. He was justice of the peace of Atglen at the time of his death.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Reynolds married. He had four sons and two daughters.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Reynolds died following a stroke on April 26, 1889, at his home in Atglen. He was interred at Penningtonville Cemetery in Atglen.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Callao is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches the Paseo de la República.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Lampa. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On July 28, 2000, amid the protests known as the Four Quarters March, a fire began inside the building of the Bank of the Nation, located in the intersection with La Colmena Avenue. Despite claims by Minister of the Interior Walter Chacón of the opposite, the fire was caused by an explosion on the building's third floor which caused the structural integrity of the building's lower floors to be compromised, causing them to collapse and worsen the gravity of the situation. As a result, 6 security guards were killed in fire.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team will represent the University of Notre Dame as an independent during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Fighting Irish will be led by Marcus Freeman in his third year as Notre Dame's head coach. They will play their home games at Notre Dame Stadium in Notre Dame, Indiana.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The following coaches left the program:", "title": "Offseason" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The following coaches were hired:", "title": "Offseason" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Offseason" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "TBA: An additional non-ACC home game will be scheduled.", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Macro BMA, formerly known as Banco Itaú, is an Argentine banking entity owned by Banco Macro since November 2023. It was the Argentine subsidiary of the Brazilian bank Itaú Unibanco, founded in 1998 after the acquisition of Banco del Buen Ayre. Currently, the entity has 99 bank branches and 140 ATMs throughout the country, serving over 400,000 clients.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was founded in 1998 after the purchase of Banco Del Buen Ayre. The bank has 99 bank branches, 140 ATMs and 400,000 customers across the country.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The bank is one of the largest banks in Argentina, competing with BBVA, Grupo Financiero Galicia, Banco Patagonia, among others.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On August 24, 2023, Banco Macro purchased this bank from its then parent Itaú Unibanco for a price of US$50 million. On November 3, 2023, the entity was renamed Macro BMA.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Washoe was an 1864 steamboat of the Sacramento River watershed in California, United States.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Washoe suffered a catastrophic boiler explosion six months after she was launched. She was heading upriver from San Francisco to Sacramento when the boilers blew near Steamboat Slough, about 12 miles (19 km) north of Rio Vista. The explosion of 9 p.m. on September 5, 1864, resulted in 54 confirmed deaths and 67 missing passengers. Other accounts have the confirmed death toll from 70 to more than 80. The history of Sacramento County published in 1890 pegs the deal toll at close to 90. According to the New York Times, \"the engineer said before he died that the cause of the explosion was rotten iron in the boiler.\" According to another report, Washoe was racing Chrysopolis at the time of the explosion. Mark Twain was a news writer for the San Francisco Call at the time and wrote up the newspaper's mournful coverage of the tragedy. Owner Captain Kidd had her salvaged and restored and she steamed again until 1878 when a catastrophic fire put her out of service for good.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Crimes Against Humanity is a 2014 American comedy film directed by Jerzy Rose, starring Mike Lopez, Lyra Hill and Ted Tremper.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jessica Brice Young of Orlando Weekly rated the film 4 stars out of 5 and wrote that it \"comes on like an Iris Murdoch novel transposed to the here and now, each character fully realized and finely drawn.\" She praised the performances of Hill, Bodunrin, Larson, Heffron and Dumas.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Alexander Ortega of SLUG Magazine wrote: \"It’s not a banger, but this film is worth a gander if not for its darkly comedic tone and Brownie’s gleeful yet hopeful quasi-triumph in the end.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Nina Metz of the Chicago Tribune wrote that while the film \"has a languorous quality that borders on uncertainty\", Hill's \"wide-eyed, increasingly mangled deadpan gaze is worthy of a silent comedy all its own.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Dennis Harvey of Variety wrote that the film has \"a lot of snark but not much actual amusement\".", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Malawi is a land-locked country in southeastern Africa situated along the southernmost arm of the East African Rift-Valley System between latitudes 9°22’ and 17°03’ south of the equator, and longitudes 33°40’ and 35°55’ east of the Greenwich meridian. It shares borders with Tanzania in the north and northeast, Mozambique in the southwest, south, and east, and Zambia in the west. Malawi is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change as the vast majority of Malawians rely on small-scale, rain-fed agriculture, making them highly dependent on weather patterns. Climate change increasingly exacerbates droughts, flooding, and inconsistent rainfall—contributing to food insecurity and threatening to derail progress toward Malawi’s goal of self-reliance.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Malawi emitted a total of 10.85 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e) in 2011, accounting for merely 0.02 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The land-use change and forestry sector contributed 56 percent of Malawi's GHG emissions, followed by the agriculture, waste, and industrial processes sectors, which collectively contributed 40 percent, 2 percent, and 2 percent, respectively. Between 1990 and 2011, GHG emissions in Malawi witnessed a 14 percent increase, whereas the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) experienced a notable growth of 126 percent during the same time frame. However, despite the faster growth of GDP, Malawi's economy emitted approximately three times more GHGs relative to GDP compared to the global average in 2011, suggesting the potential for improvement. According to UNDP, Malawi had 0.04% Share of global GHG emissions, with 158 Climate Vulnerability Index ranking, 169 Human Development Index ranking, 51% Conditional emissions reduction target by 2040 as of July 2021.", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emissions" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Malawi has encountered climate change and climate variability in recent decades, leading to a proliferation of severe climate-related shocks that have experienced an increase in frequency over the past few decades resulting in a series of devastating climate shocks that have become more frequent in recent years. These shocks include irregular rainfall, droughts, extended periods of dry weather, and powerful winds. The altering climate has had an impact on numerous sectors of the economy, including agriculture, health, water, energy, transportation, education, gender, forestry, wildlife, and infrastructure.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Malawi experiences two primary seasons: the cool, dry season, which occurs between May and October, with average temperatures of approximately 13°C in June and July, and the hot, wet season, which takes place from November to April, with temperatures ranging from 30°- 35°C. Precipitation levels vary depending on the altitude, with rift valley floors receiving approximately 600 mm of rainfall annually and mountainous regions experiencing around 1600 mm. Local variations in rainfall are influenced by the intricate topography, leading to the diversion of moisture-laden winds, ultimately causing precipitation and rain shadow effects in different terrains.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Weather-related shocks are becoming increasingly frequent and devastating in the country, with notable examples being the major floods of 2015 and Cyclone Idai in 2019. Malawi is currently facing heightened surface run-off due to intensified rainfall, resulting in reduced water percolation and retention in groundwater supplies and surface water bodies. Many regions in the country are already observing a decline in the water table, with some perennial rivers transitioning into seasonal ones. The southern area, in particular, exhibits distinct hotspots for weather-related shocks attributed to the decline in annual rainfall and evapotranspiration.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Droughts and floods, the most severe of these hazards, have exhibited an increase in frequency, intensity, and magnitude over the past two decades, consequently leading to grave implications on food and water security, water quality, energy resources, and sustainable livelihoods of rural communities. Within the period from 1979 to 2008, a total of 2,596 individuals lost their lives due to natural disasters, and nearly an additional 21.7 million people experienced adverse effects. Floods and droughts stand as the primary cause of chronic food security, which remains widespread across various regions within the country.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Climate change results in increased variability in crop yields, impacting agricultural productivity - a vital sector for the economy of Malawi.The heightened risk of flooding poses a significant threat to the road infrastructure of Malawi, leading to transportation and connectivity issues.In the absence of climate-informed economic development, the World Bank cautions that climate change could potentially diminish Malawi's GDP by 3 to 9 percent by 2030, 6 to 20 percent by 2040, and 8 to 16 percent by 2050.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Drought and heavy rains pose challenges for Malawi, disrupting conventional farming practices and posing a threat to crop yields. As a response, farming families are implementing adaptive measures to address climate change, emphasizing the importance of resilience in the agriculture sector. Both droughts and floods have the potential to devastate crops and soil, which in turn jeopardizes farmers' harvests and agricultural sustainability. The rise in temperatures contributes to increased evapotranspiration and decreased soil moisture, having a detrimental impact on maize farming and food security. Climate change projections indicate that there will be changes in the suitability of crops, which will affect both staple and cash crops in Malawi. Moreover, Malawi is witnessing a rise in the frequency and intensity of climate-related events, further exacerbating the impact on the agriculture sector.Climate change results in a reduction in the availability of feed and forage, thereby impacting the nutritional resources for livestock. The Alterations in temperature and precipitation patterns give rise to water scarcity, thereby affecting the availability of water for livestock. The Escalating temperatures contribute to heat stress in livestock, thereby impacting their health and productivity. Climate change influences the prevalence of livestock diseases, thereby presenting additional challenges to animal health. In Malawi, climate change poses a significant threat to food security, necessitating farming families to adapt their production methods to mitigate the impacts of the changing climate.", "title": "Impact on the Natural Environment" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 2013, Malawi drafted a National Climate Change Policy intending to guide actions to reduce vulnerability to climate change for both humans and ecosystems. The policy focuses on adaptation and mitigation, technology transfer, and capacity building. In terms of mitigation, Malawi is committed to improving land use, implementing climate-smart agriculture, promoting renewable energy, utilizing the Clean Development Mechanism and voluntary carbon markets, as well as implementing REDD+.", "title": "Mitigation and adaptations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yantrarāja is the Sanskrit name for the ancient astronomical instrument called astrolabe. It is also the title of a Sanskrit treatise on the construction and working of the astrolabe composed by a Jain astronomer Mahendra Sūri in around 1370 CE.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The ideas leading to the construction of the astrolabe originated in the Hellenistic world. The earliest crude forms of the instrument are believed to have been constructed during second century BCE in Greece. The first person to give a description of the astrolabe was Theon of Alexandria (c.335 - 405 CE). Astrolabes were further developed in the medieval Islamic world where it was widely used as an aid for navigation and as an aid for finding the direction of Mecca. The earliest Arabic treatise on astrolabes was composed sometime around 815 CE.", "title": "Yantrarāja: The instrument" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It is not known when exactly the astrolabe reached India. al-Biruni ((973 – after 1050) has claimed in his Indica that he has composed a manual on astrolabes in Sanskrit. Probably he brought the astrolabe with him to Multan and taught its working principles to the Hindu astronomers there. With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, many Muslim scholars migrated to Delhi they and might have popularized the instrument among the astronomers there. It was Fīrūz Shah Tughlaq, the third Sultan of the Tughlaq dynasty who ruled over the Delhi Sultanate during 1351 - 1388, who took active interest in promoting the study and use of the astrolabe in India. This was the most important contribution of Fīrūz Shah Tughlaq in the field of astronomy. Mahendra Sūri, the astronomer who wrote the first ever Sanskrit manual on astrolabes was a court astronomer of Fīrūz Shah Tughlaq.", "title": "Yantrarāja: The instrument" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The earliest extant astrolabe constructed in India, now in a private collection in Brussels, is dated 1 February 1601. It was manufactured in Ahmedabad during the rein of Jahangir (1569 – 1627), the fourth Mughal emperor.", "title": "Yantrarāja: The instrument" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "With the support and patronage of Firuz Shah Tughlaq, Mahendra Sūri, a Jain astronomer composed the first ever Sanskrit manual on astrolabes. It was Sūri who coined the Sanskrit name \"Yantrarāja\" (\"the king of astronomical instruments\") for the astrolabe and he also titled his manual on astrolabes as Yantrarāja. Sūri composed the manual in 1370 CE. Mahendra Sūri's student Malayendu Sūri composed a commentary on Yantrarāja in 1382. Two other commentaries on Yantrarāja are known, one by Gopirāja written in 1540 and other by Yajñeśvara in 1842.", "title": "Yantrarāja: The manual" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Yantrarāja manual is divided into five chapters. The first chapter Gaṇitādhyāya discusses the theory behind the astrolabe. The second chapter Yantraghatanādhyāya is devoted to descriptions of the various components of the astrolabe. The third chapter Yantraracanādhyāya describes the details of the construction of the astrolabe. The fourth chapter Yantrasodhanādhyāya discusses method for ascertaining whether the astrolabe has been properly constructed. It is in the fifth and final chapter Yantravicāraṇādhyāya one can see descriptions on how to use the instrument for observational and computational purposes. This chapter also dwells on the different types of astronomical and trigonometrical problems that can be solved using the astrolabe.", "title": "Yantrarāja: The manual" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Over the centuries since the publication of Mahendra Sūri's Yantrarāja in 1370, several other Sanskrit manuals on the astrolabe have been composed. These include the following:", "title": "Other Sanskrit works on astrolabe" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Doug Scamman is a Republican former Speaker of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from Stratham, New Hampshire.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Scamman attended the University of New Hampshire with the help of scholarships and graduated with a degree in political science in 1964. He eventually ran for office and became a state representative and then Speaker of the House in the New Hampshire Legislature. Scamman and his wife, Stella, served as New Hampshire state campaign co-chairs for John Kasich's 2016 presidential campaign. He encouraged Kasich to run again in 2020.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VLN may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Wong Weng Ian is a professional wushu taolu athlete from Macau.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "At the delayed 2021 Summer World University Games, Wong won the silver medal in the jianshu and qiangshu event. A few months later, she won the bronze medal in duilian (alongside Sou Cho Man) at the 2023 World Wushu Championships.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Eric Gung-Hwa Lean (Chinese: 林耕華; born 1938) is a Taiwanese electrical engineer specializing in optoelectronics.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lean graduated from National Cheng Kung University in 1959 with a bachelor's of science degree in electrical engineering, and furthered his education in the subject at the University of Washington, where he earned a master's degree in 1963, followed by a doctorate in the same field at Stanford University in 1967. After completing his Ph.D., Lin worked at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center until 1992. During the 1980s, Lean was recruited by Pan Wen-Yuan to contribute his expertise in optoelectronics to the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). Lean formally joined the ITRI in 1992 as director of its Institute of Optoelectronics, and retired in 2000.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lean was elected a fellow of the Optical Society of America in 1990, to an equivalent honor by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 1997, and elected to academician status in Taiwan's Academia Sinica in 1998.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Guillermo Antonio Meijón Couselo (born March 14, 1958, in Pontevedra, Spain) is a Spanish teacher, writer, and politician, serving as a representative for Pontevedra in the Congress of Deputies during the X, XI, XII, XIII, and XIV legislative periods.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He studied the early years of his childhood at the Marist School of Santa María in Ourense. After permanently returning with his family to Pontevedra, he began his studies in Philosophy and Education Sciences at the UNED, where he obtained his bachelor's degree.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Since passing the civil service exams in 1979, he has worked professionally as a teacher and school counselor, although in an on-leave status since 2005 under the protection of a Special Services Commission. As a member of FETE-UGT, he has held various positions and was a member of the leadership in Galicia.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Politically, he served as a councilor in the City Council of Pontevedra between 1999 and 2005. In that year, he ran on the socialist list for the Parliament of Galicia and was elected as a deputy for Pontevedra, a position he was reelected for in 2009. In the general elections of 2011, he was elected as a deputy for Pontevedra in the Congress and reelected in 2015, 2016, and 2019.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2023, both sources from the investigation into the Mediador case and from the socialist parliamentary group confirmed Guillermo Meijón's presence at a dinner with several socialist deputies, including Juan Bernardo Fuentes Curbelo [es], at the Ramses restaurant in Madrid. Meijón Couselo himself acknowledged attending at least one dinner at that restaurant, although he denied any connection to alleged parties in brothels or involvement in alleged favors to businessmen.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gürbüz Atabek, (13 August 1929, Arhavi, Artvin, Turkey — 7 February 2017, Istanbul), Turkish bureaucrat, governor and chief of the General Directorate of Security of Turkey from February 22, 1978, to June 6, 1978.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Atabek graduated from Haydarpaşa High School in 1948. Following his graduation from the Ankara University Faculty of Political Sciences, he completed his internship at the Ankara Civil Servant Office, to which he was appointed on July 18, 1952. Atabek served as a Manavgat District Governor, Ankara Police Department 4th Branch Directorate, Istanbul Police Department 2nd, 8th Branch Directorate, Deputy Chief of Police, Teacher at Istanbul Etiler Police School, Police Department and manager at Izmir Police Department. He served as the General Director of Security between 22 February 1978 and 6 June 1978. After leaving his post as the Chief of Police, he was appointed as the central governor of Turkey.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Template:Başlangıç kutusu", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "|- ! Police appointments |- |-", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "|Preceded by", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "| {{{title}}}", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "| Succeeded by", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "|- |}", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2022 Murfreesboro mayoral election took place on August 4, 2022. All Murfreesboro municipal elections are required to be non-partisan. Incumbent Republican mayor Shane McFarland ran for re-election, and won a third term in office in a 3-way race.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The mayoral election coincided with other elections, including races for Murfreesboro City Council.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "BetterMe is a health & wellness platform with 150 million users worldwide. BetterMe has developed two apps, BetterMe: Health Coaching and BetterMe: Mental Health. In 2018, BetterMe: Health Coaching app became the top 1 most downloaded app in the US.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The company was founded in 2016 in Kyiv by Victoria Repa. The company's first product was the BetterMe: Weight loss Workouts app, which was later renamed to BetterMe: Health Coaching. By 2018, this application became the top-grossing app in the United States with 10 million installs for the first year.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2018, the BetterMe: Meditation & Sleep app was released, the name of which was later changed to BetterMe: Mental Health. Also, in 2018, the BetterMen app was launched. In 2021 BetterMe: Health Coaching became one of the 17 best fitness apps according to the App Growth Awards.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The company provided free access to BetterMe: Health Coaching and BetterMe: Mental Health apps for Ukrainians, offering recommendations on psychological support for children, training for schoolchildren, diet in times of war, and other information.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2022, Apple recognized BetterMe as one of the world's best workout apps. It became one of the top three fitness apps in the world by active users.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "According to a study by Google for Startups, the company entered the TOP 7 startups in Central and Eastern Europe.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "BetterMe is headquartered in Kyiv, Ukraine, and as of September 2023, the company has more than 400 employees. Victoria Repa serves as the founder and CEO.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The company's products include an all-in-one health app; an app for a balanced and mindful life that offers daily plans, guided meditation courses, etc.; and a corporate wellness program for the workforce.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In March 2022, BetterMe, together with UNICEF Ukraine added a section for psychological assistance to children during the war within the BetterMe: Mental Health app.", "title": "Public activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In addition, the company began cooperating with the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to conduct online exercise classes in schools.", "title": "Public activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In 2022, the company launched two charitable sportswear collections with 100% of the proceeds going to charitable initiatives, including prosthetics for soldiers, to the NGO Zemlyachky for sewing military uniforms for women in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and the purchase of ambulances for United24.", "title": "Public activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In 2023, BetterMe: Health Coaching launched a Limb Loss Workouts for amputees.", "title": "Public activities" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Also, in 2023 BetterMe in collaboration with the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine and as part of the mental health program \"How are you?\", initiated by the first lady Olena Zelenska, has launched the Program for Improving Productivity at Work.", "title": "Public activities" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VFO may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 AFC Asian Cup is an international football tournament that will be held in the Qatar from 12 January to 10 February 2024. The 24 national teams involved in the tournament are required to register a squad with a minimum of 18 players and a maximum of 26 players, at least three of whom must be goalkeepers. Only players in these squads were eligible to take part in the tournament.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Before announcing their final squads, teams had to send AFC a provisional squad of 18 to 50 players; each country's final squad had to be submitted at least ten days prior to the first match of the tournament (Regulation 26.7.3). Replacement of players was permitted until six hours before the team's first Asian Cup game (Regulation 26.9).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In December 2023, AFC approved the increase of the maximum number of players included on the final list from 23 to 26 (Regulation 26.7).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The age listed for each player is as of 12 January 2024, the first day of the tournament. The numbers of caps and goals listed for each player do not include any matches played after the start of tournament. The nationality for each club reflects the national association (not the league) to which the club is affiliated. A flag is included for coaches that are of a different nationality than their own national team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Qatar announced a 27-men preliminary squad on 22 December 2023. The squad was reduced to 26 players on 30 December as Osamah Al-Tairi withdrew injured.", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Coach: Tintín Márquez", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "China announced their final squad on 12 December 2023. On 21 December, Nico Yennaris withdrew from the squad for personal reasons and was replaced by Xu Xin.", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Coach: Aleksandar Janković", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Tajikistan announced a 27-men preliminary squad on 12 December 2023.", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Coach: Petar Šegrt", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Lebanon announced a 31-men preliminary squad on 16 December 2023. The final squad was announced on 30 December 2023.", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Coach: Miodrag Radulović", "title": "Group A" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Australia announced their final squad on 22 December 2023.", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Coach: Graham Arnold", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Uzbekistan announced a 28-men preliminary squad on 30 December 2023.", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Coach: Srečko Katanec", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Syria announced a 33-men preliminary squad on 20 December 2023.", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Coach: Héctor Cúper", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "India announced a 50-men preliminary squad on 12 December 2023. The final squad was announced on 30 December 2023.", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Coach: Igor Štimac", "title": "Group B" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "Iran announced a 27-men preliminary squad on 31 December 2023.", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Coach: Amir Ghalenoei", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "United Arab Emirates announced a 31-men preliminary squad on 22 December 2023.", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Coach: Paulo Bento", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Hong Kong announced a 30-men preliminary squad on 19 December 2023. The final squad was announced on 26 December 2023, containing 25 players rather than the allowed 26.", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Coach: Jørn Andersen", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "Coach: Makram Daboub", "title": "Group C" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "Coach: Hajime Moriyasu", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "Indonesia announced a 29-men preliminary squad on 19 December 2023. The squad was reduced to 28 players as Yance Sayuri withdrew injured.", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 29, "text": "Coach: Shin Tae-yong", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 30, "text": "Iraq announced their final squad on 27 December 2023.", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 31, "text": "Coach: Jesús Casas", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 32, "text": "Vietnam announced a 34-men preliminary squad on 25 December 2023. Phạm Văn Luân was included to the squad on 28 December 2023. Nguyễn Thành Chung and Hoàng Văn Toản withdrew injured on 29 December and were replaced by Bùi Tiến Dũng and Hồ Tấn Tài. On 31 December 2023, Đặng Văn Lâm, Bùi Tiến Dũng, Nguyễn Đức Chiến and Nguyễn Thanh Nhàn withdrew injured.", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 33, "text": "Coach: Philippe Troussier", "title": "Group D" }, { "paragraph_id": 34, "text": "South Korea announced their final squad on 28 December 2023.", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 35, "text": "Coach: Jürgen Klinsmann", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 36, "text": "Malaysia announced their final squad on 19 December 2023.", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 37, "text": "Coach: Kim Pan-gon", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 38, "text": "Jordan announced a 30-men preliminary squad on 20 December 2023.", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 39, "text": "Coach: Hussein Ammouta", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 40, "text": "Coach: Juan Antonio Pizzi", "title": "Group E" }, { "paragraph_id": 41, "text": "Saudi Arabia announced a 30-men preliminary squad on 30 December 2023.", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 42, "text": "Coach: Roberto Mancini", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 43, "text": "Coach: Masatada Ishii", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 44, "text": "Kyrgyzstan announced a 32-men preliminary squad on 1 December 2023. Azim Azarov was included to the squad on 25 December. Erbol Atabayev withdrew injured on 30 December.", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 45, "text": "Coach: Štefan Tarkovič", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 46, "text": "Oman announced a 29-men preliminary squad on 10 December 2023. Muhammad Al-Amiri withdrew injured on 19 December and was replaced by Juma Al-Habsi.", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 47, "text": "Coach: Branko Ivanković", "title": "Group F" }, { "paragraph_id": 48, "text": "Clubs with 5 or more players represented are listed.", "title": "Player representation" }, { "paragraph_id": 49, "text": "Coaches in bold represented their own country.", "title": "Player representation" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Shelley Barker (born October 14, 1979, in Amherst) is a Canadian curler from Falmouth, Nova Scotia. She currently plays lead on Team Christina Black.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 2010, Barker played lead on the Nova Scotia rink skipped by Courtney Smith at the 2010 The Dominion Curling Club Championship. The team qualified for the playoffs through a tiebreaker before losing to Alberta in the semifinals. They rebounded in the bronze medal game by defeating Manitoba for third place. She competed in her second national event at the 2016 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship. Playing lead on the team with skip Doug MacKenzie, Jocelyn Nix and husband Richard Barker, the team just missed the playoffs, finishing fifth overall with a 6–4 record.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Barker played for several different skips throughout her career including Sarah Murphy, Kelly Backman and Nancy McConnery. For the 2018–19 season, she joined the Kristen MacDiarmid with third Kelly Backman and second Karlee Jones. The team made the playoffs in three of their four tour events this season, reaching the semifinals of the Dave Jones Mayflower Cashspiel and the New Scotland Clothing Ladies Cashspiel and the quarterfinals of the Lady Monctonian Invitational Spiel. At the 2019 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the team finished in a four-way tie for second place with a 4–3 record. They were able to beat Colleen Jones 11–5 in the tiebreaker before dropping the semifinal 8–6 to Mary-Anne Arsenault. Julie McEvoy took over skipping duties for Kristen MacDiarmid for the 2019–20 season. In their four tour events, they reached the playoffs twice. The team was not able to find success at the 2020 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, finishing winless through their seven games.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Team McEvoy disbanded after just one season together. For the 2020–21 season, Everist and Barker teamed up with Christina Black and Jenn Baxter. In their first event together, the team won the 2020 The Curling Store Cashspiel. The 2021 Nova Scotia Scotties was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia, so the Nova Scotia Curling Association appointed Team Jill Brothers to represent the province at the 2021 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Team Black won their first event of the 2021–22 season, The Curling Store Cashspiel, going undefeated to claim the title. They also reached the final of the Atlantic Superstore Monctonian Challenge, losing to the Andrea Crawford rink. In November, the team once again went undefeated to win the Tim Hortons Spitfire Arms Cash Spiel, defeating Jennifer Crouse in the final. At the 2022 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Team Black won all three qualifying events, winning the provincial title and securing their spot at the 2022 Scotties Tournament of Hearts. At the Hearts, Team Black finished the round robin with a 5–3 record, which was enough to qualify for the championship round. Along the way, they scored victories over higher seeded teams such as Alberta's Laura Walker and Manitoba's Mackenzie Zacharias. In their championship round match against Northern Ontario's Krista McCarville, Team Black got down 9–1 before coming back to make the game 9–8, eventually losing 11–8. This eliminated them from the championship.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Black rink began the 2022–23 season at the inaugural PointsBet Invitational where they lost to Kelsey Rocque in the opening round. They bounced back immediately in their next event, however, winning the New Scotland Clothing Women's Cashspiel in a 6–4 final over Tanya Hilliard. At the 2022 Tour Challenge Tier 2 Grand Slam of Curling event, the team went undefeated until the semifinals where they were defeated by Jessie Hunkin. Through November and December, they qualified for three straight finals. After losing to the Kaitlyn Lawes rink, skipped by Selena Njegovan, in the final of the 2022 Stu Sells 1824 Halifax Classic, they once again defeated Jennifer Crouse at the Tim Hortons Spitfire Arms Cash Spiel and then beat Marlee Powers in the final of the Bogside Cup. At the 2023 Nova Scotia Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Team Black won both the A and B events to earn two of the three spots in the playoffs. They then beat the Hilliard rink 9–4 in the semifinals to claim their second consecutive Nova Scottia Scotties title. This qualified the team for the 2023 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Kamloops, British Columbia where they again went 5–3 through the round robin. This qualified them for a tiebreaker where they stole in an extra end to upset the Lawes Wild Card rink. In the championship round, they again stole in an extra to beat Ontario's Rachel Homan rink before losing to Northern Ontario's McCarville in the seeding game. They then fell 9–4 to Team Canada's Kerri Einarson in the 3 vs. 4 game, settling for fourth.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Barker is employed as a small business credit coach at the Royal Bank of Canada. She is married to Richard Barker.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VKO may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Main Center for Special Communications (Russian: ФГУП «Главный центр специальной связи», abbreviated: ФГУП ГЦССС) is a federal body (unitary enterprise) in Russia subordinated to the Ministry of Communication, which is a courier service responsible for the transfer and delivery of secret and valuable items, medicines, weapons and dangerous goods, including cash using protected vehicles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The center is the successor of the special communication service of the People's Commissariat of the Interior of the Soviet Union and was the mission communication mechanism of the secret police of the Soviet Union from 1939. In 1988, within the service, the main center for special communication was established. On December 28, 1991, it was reorganized in its current form as a governmental body of the Russian Federation.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The center cooperates with large companies and government bodies in providing transport services and delivery of goods of great importance The center occupies a significant share of the market for money transfer and cash services in the regions of the country and is considered the most experienced body in providing services in this field and since 2013 its establishments express mail services of goods of utmost importance and money transfer From the currencies to the banks throughout the country As part of the delivery and forwarding services, the center is also responsible for delivering the question forms of the unified state test (the Russian state matriculation and psychometric exams) to the schools and academies and the institutions where the tests are held, Property security and valuable assets that are brought to Russia for display in museums including religious objects, the imperial crown and its replicas that are brought to display in museums throughout Russia. He played a central role in helping to move the government archives from the old building where they were to their new headquarters and was the only body entrusted with providing delivery services in regards to the delivery of postal items during the 2013 Summer Universiade, in which it played a central role as the exclusive delivery body. In addition, the center is responsible for moving the ballot boxes and ballots from the warehouses of the Central Election Commission of Russia to the voting stations, as well as securing the ballot processing system during the elections in the country. Every commodity that the center is responsible for transferring is insured in the amount of one hundred million dollars.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Centralized with a head office in Moscow and regional branches in Saint Petersburg, Kaluga, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Saratov, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk and Khabarovsk. The center has representations in 71 regions of Russia and over 180 departments and support units of the center operate, including a special communication point at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The center has at its disposal 7,000 weapons and over 1,700 different means of transportation moving on 1,200 regular routes with a length of 508,000 kilometers.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2000 Northwestern State Demons football team represented Northwestern State University as a member of the Southland Conference during the 2000 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by first-year head coach Steve Roberts, the Demons compiled an overall record of 6–5 with a mark of 3–4 in conference play, tying in fifth place in the Southland. Northwestern State played home games at Harry Turpin Stadium in Natchitoches, Louisiana.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In the spring of 2001, Northwestern State forfeited two wins from the 2000 season, over Troy State and Nicholls State, because an ineligible player had participated for the Demons in those games. With the forfeit, the Demons' record dropped to 4–7 overall and 1–6 in conference play, tying in last place in the Southland.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2018 Murfreesboro mayoral election took place on August 2, 2018. All Murfreesboro municipal elections are required to be non-partisan. Incumbent Republican mayor Shane McFarland ran for re-election, and won a second term in office with an uncontested race.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The mayoral election coincided with other elections, including races for Murfreesboro City Council.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Miss Universe Myanmar 2015 & 2016 was the 3rd(4th) Miss Universe Myanmar pageant, held at Gandamar Grand Ballroom, Mayangone Township, Yangon on 3 October 2015. In this edition, Miss Universe Myanmar Organization crowned two winners to compete in Miss Universe 2015 and Miss Universe 2016 pageants.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In the final round, broadcast live on MNTV. May Barani Thaw, was crowned Miss Universe Myanmar 2015 by Sharr Htut Eaindra, Miss Universe Myanmar 2014. And them, Htet Htet Htun, also was crowned Miss Universe Myanmar 2016 by May Barani Thaw, Miss Universe Myanmar 2015.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The winner of Miss Universe Myanmar 2015, May Barani Thaw represented for Myanmar at the Miss Universe 2015 in the AXIS, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, and the winner of Miss Universe Myanmar 2016, Htet Htet Htun represented for Myanmar at the SM Mall of Asia Arena, Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The following is a list of the City or District that held the local preliminary contests for the Miss Universe Myanmar 2015 & 2016 pageant.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Twenty contestants competed for the title.", "title": "Contestants" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WBL may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Santa Rosa, known as Jirón Antonio Miró Quesada (until 2017) and as Jirón Ayacucho before that, is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Miguel Grau Avenue.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Ayacucho, after the Department of Ayacucho. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From the 1930s until 2017, the street was renamed in honour of Antonio Miró Quesada de la Guerra [es]. This name remained until 2017, when it was renamed in honour of Saint Rose of Lima by the Municipality of Lima.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2016, four houses collapsed in the street's 12th block, affecting 13 families living there.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Guazuvirá Nuevo is a seaside resort on the Costa de Oro (Coast of Gold), in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Guazuvirá Nuevo is located in the southern area of the department of Canelones, on the coast of the Río de la Plata, and has its access from the Interspa Route at km 57,500. It is bordered by Bello Horizonte to the west and Guazú-Virá to the east.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Between Guazuvirá and Guazuvirá Nuevo there is a wetland where a bird viewpoint is located.", "title": "Places of interest" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dasybasis gentilis is a deer fly in the family Tabanidae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Australia", "title": "Distribution" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WHM may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WDN may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The NKVD prisoner massacre in Zolochiv was a Soviet war crime conducted by the NKVD in the city of Zolochiv, then located in occupied Poland (now in Ukraine). In the last days of June 1941, following the German invasion of the USSR, the Soviets executed an estimated 650 to 720 prisoners held in the Zolochiv prison. This atrocity was one of several prisoner massacres carried out by the Soviet secret police and army during the summer of 1941.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "During the interwar period, Zolochiv (Ukrainian: Золочів, Polish: Złoczów) was located within the borders of the Second Polish Republic and served as the center of the Zolochiv county in Tarnopol Voivodeship. After the German-Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, the city fell under Soviet occupation.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Those apprehended by the NKVD were confined in the cells of a pre-war Polish prison, located within the premises of Zolochiv Castle. The castle was located at Tarnopolska Street, on a hill in the eastern part of the city. The prison in Zolochiv was one of four Soviet prisons operating in the Lviv Oblast. It was referred to as 'Prison No. 3' in Soviet official documents.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany initiated an invasion of the Soviet Union. Owing to the swift progression of the German offensive, the NKVD began the process of exterminating political prisoners held within the war zone. In the summer of 1941, within the part of Poland occupied by the USSR, an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 individuals in prisons and detention centers were murdered.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "According to documents from Soviet archives, as of June 10, 1941, the prison in Zolochiv held 625 inmates. However, the number of prisoners was probably higher when the massacre commenced, as after the German invasion began, the NKVD began mass arrests of alleged 'enemies of the people.' These individuals were not registered in the prison records. After the outbreak of the German-Soviet war, militants of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists made an unsuccessful attempt to capture the prison.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Shortly thereafter, prison guards were strengthened. At the same time, the NKVD personnel began to liquidate the prisoners. There were no surviving prisoners to provide details on the exact course of the massacre. Nevertheless, the local population heard shots and screams coming from the castle day and night, which the Soviets tried unsuccessfully to drown out with the roar of truck or tractor engines.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On July 1, 1941, German troops entered Zolochiv. The inhabitants then went to the castle, hoping to find arrested relatives and friends there. However, no one was found alive in the deserted prison. Only the shallowly buried mass graves were discovered, which the NKVD men tried to hide with turf. Two graves were discovered in the inner courtyard, another two or three in the orchard, and others under the prison wall. The bodies of the victims were also found in cells and in the prison chapel. Most of the bodies had gunshot wounds, but some showed signs of bayonet blows, blows with a blunt instrument, and even torture. The bodies of pregnant women were also found in the graves. The bodies buried in graves under the prison wall were in such an advanced state of decomposition that the Germans forbade their exhumation. They issued an order to sprinkle them with lime and bury them again.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Austrian soldier and writer Bruno Brehm [de] recalled:", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Herbert squeezed through the crying women and children into the prison yard. Foul, stinking fumes enveloped him all over. Thousands of flies buzzed over the eight or ten long rows of bodies laid here. Among them walked bent women, still sobbing, trying to find their husbands and sons among the dead.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The exact number of victims remains difficult to determine. The July 12, 1941 report by Captain of State Security Andrei Filippov, head of the prison board of the NKVD of the Ukrainian SSR, provides only summary information about the fate of inmates from four prisons in Lviv Oblast (three in Lviv, one in Zolochiv). According to this document, a total of 2,464 inmates from both cities were reported as \"decreased according to the first category\", indicating they were executed. Ukrainian sources estimated the number of murdered at 649–752, while the German sources at approximately 700. Other witnesses, however, estimated that the number of victims was 650, 700 or 720 people. One-quarter of the victims were women. During the exhumation, approximately 80 corpses were identified, including 10 Jewish individuals who were merchants from Zolochiv and the surrounding area.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The 1995 publication Roads of Death by KARTA Center included information about a column of approximately one hundred prisoners being led out of Zolochiv prison. The prison warden allegedly told them that they would be taken to the nearest railway station and from there they would be taken deeper into the Soviet Union. In fact, almost all the prisoners were shot near the village of Folwarki (present-day Pidhorodne). Only three people were to survive, who managed to escape during the confusion caused by the German air raid. However, information about this crime is not confirmed in later studies on the NKVD prison massacres.", "title": "The massacre" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The bodies of identified victims were taken away by their families. The remaining bodies, over a hundred in number, were buried in a mass grave at the local Catholic cemetery. The ceremonial funeral of the victims of the prison massacre took place on July 6. Several thousand residents of Zolochiv took part in it.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Similar to other instances of prison massacres, accusations for the NKVD's crimes were directed at the local Jewish community. As per the antisemitic canard of Jewish Bolshevism, non-Jewish inhabitants perceived Jews as synonymous with the Soviet regime and its policies of terror. Furthermore, the acts of violence against the Jews of Zolochiv were probably inspired by members of one of the subunits of Einsatzgruppe C, who were present in the city in the first days of July.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "After occupying the city, the Germans, supported by young Ukrainians, drove a group of Jews to the Zolochiv castle, where they forced them to work exhuming the bodies of murdered prisoners. Captured Red Army soldiers were also forced to take part in the exhumation. During this work, the Jews and POWs were abused and killed. On July 4, the Germans carried out a mass execution of Jews in the castle. Only after two days, and not without difficulties, the riots were suppressed by the Wehrmacht. By then, hundreds of Zolochiv Jews had fallen victim to the pogrom. The Germans estimated the number of murdered Jews at approximately 300–500 people.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The prison massacre in the Zolochiv prison also served as a pretext for the Nazis to carry out mass and more systematic executions of Jews. On July 10, the Feldgendarmerie shot approximately 300 representatives of the Jewish intelligentsia in the city.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "{{Joseph Stalin} {{Massacres of Poles}", "title": "Bibliography" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "[[Category:1941 in Poland] [[Category:June 1941 events] [[Category:Massacres in the Soviet Union] [[Category:Massacres in Ukraine] [[Category:Massacres in Poland] [[Category:NKVD] [[Category:Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland 1939–1941] [[Category:Soviet World War II crimes in Poland]", "title": "Bibliography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Curry & Cyanide: The Jolly Joseph Case is a true-crime documentary directed by Christo Tomy, investigating six deaths in the same family and the woman at the center of the Koodathayi Cyanide killing case. It was released on Netflix on 22 December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The series is based on actual events in Koodathayi, a village in Kerala, India, between 2002 and 2016. Jolly Joseph, a mother and wife, was accused of poisoning six members of her family, including her first husband, with cyanide-laced food. She allegedly did this to inherit the family property and to marry her lover, who was her husband’s cousin. It is based on first-person testimonials of individuals involved in the case.", "title": "Background" } ]

[ "Template:Infobox film", "Template:Reflist", "Template:Cite news", "Template:Cite web" ]

[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WDD or Wdd may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Army of Thieves (Soundtrack from the Netflix Film) is the soundtrack to the 2021 film Army of Thieves directed by Matthias Schweighöfer. Featuring musical score jointly composed by Hans Zimmer and Steve Mazzaro, the score was released by Milan Records and Maisie Music Publishing in conjunction with the film's streaming release, October 29, 2021.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In August 2021, Schweighöfer took to Twitter to announce that Hans Zimmer would score music for the film. He joined the film during post-production stage, and Schweighöfer and editor Alexander Berner suggested editing the film without music. The film's co-producer Deborah Snyder said that Zimmer himself phoned the crew to watch the film and contribute to the music as well. Due to the time constraints, one of Zimmer's protégés Steve Mazzaro co-scored the film. The duo produced a blend of classical and modern soundscapes consisting drums, synths and orchestral music.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Calling it as \"a thoroughly enjoyable album\", James Southall of Movie Wave assigned three-and-a-half of five stars, saying \"The more heavy-duty, serious action material towards the end of the score [...] doesn’t do as much for me, but otherwise – while clearly this is not a major work – it’s all pulled together very well\". Filmtracks.com gave three stars to the album, saying \" a little patience may be required to appreciate the smart narrative of Army of Thieves, and it definitely requires a particular mood from the listener.\" David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter described it as \"a jaunty score by Hans Zimmer and Steve Mazzaro that turns suspenseful in appropriate moments\", Benjamin Lee of The Guardian and Noel Murray of Los Angeles Times called it as \"grand\" and \"powerhouse\". Mimi Anthikkad Chibber of The Hindu wrote \"The music of Army of Thieves reflects its Snyder pedigree [...] Hans Zimmer has created a peppy opera-infused score that has Wagner trending — Inspector Morse will surely be pleased.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rospechat' (Russian: ОАО Агентство Роспечать) is a Russian company specializing in the distribution of periodicals and related products. The company also offers services in the field of subscription, including corporate subscription for legal entities, internet subscription, wholesale and retail distribution services, marketing and advertising as well as forwarding and customs.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The company was created in 1994 as a result of the corporatization of the Soviet subscription and retail trading monopoly agency Soyuzpechat (Russian: ЦРПА «Союзпечать)..", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2002, the company was acquired from the workforce by the Basic Element holding, controlled at that time by Oleg Deripaska and Roman Abramovich, the transaction amount was estimated at $27-35 million, and the former deputy general director of GAZ, Svetlana Sokolova, was appointed head of the agency. In the mid-2000s, Basic Element included Rospechat in it's structure.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On June 30, 2015, Basic Element ceased to be the controlling shareholder, and the main owner of Rospechat became Pavel Ezubov, the cousin of Oleg Deripaska and the son of State Duma deputy Alexey Yezubov, who became the beneficiary of a Cypriot offshore holding more than 80% of the company’s shares.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "As of the mid-2010s, Rospechat had about 4 thousand kiosks in 19 regions of Russia, the company also maintained a subscription catalog and organized the traditional form of subscription to periodicals through the Russian Post. In 2021 it was published that Rospechat decided to exit the kiosk's market, transferred all its regional assets to other distributors with about 500 of the 2,000 retail outlets were transferred to a company called Antares while some of them were purchased and some were leased.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Media related to Rospechat' at Wikimedia Commons", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michelle R. Arkin, Ph.D., is the Thomas William and Frederick John MacWilliam Distinguished Professor at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Arkin obtained her B.A. degree in chemistry from Bryn Mawr College and her Ph.D. in chemistry at the California Institute of Technology with Jacqueline Barton. Later, Arkin held a Damon Runyon postdoctoral fellowship at Genentech under the mentorship of James A. Wells.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Arkin was a founding scientist at Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, where she helped discover and develop the anti-inflammatory drug lifitigrast (developed by SARcode/Shire), and anti-cancer experimental therapeutic vosaroxin (Sunesis).", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Arkin is the Thomas William and Frederick John MacWilliam Distinguished Professor at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Her lab at UCSF focuses on developing methodologies and functional molecules that target undruggable proteins, including challenging targets in diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Her lab also studies the chemical biology of protein-protein interaction networks. Arkin was appointed as the Chair of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at UCSF in early 2021. Arkin is the Director of the Small Molecule Discovery Center (SMDC) at UCSF, a center that collaborates with academics, pharmaceutical companies, and government labs to develop drug leads and chemical probes that address unmet medical needs. Arkin is an investigator in the UCSF Cancer Center, the Bakar Aging Research Institute, and the Rainwater Foundation's Tau Consortium.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "She is also an Adjunct Professor at the Buck Institute for Research in Aging. She is involved with the academic drug discovery community, as Director and former President of the Academic Drug Discovery Consortium, editor of the National Institutes of Health Assay Guidance Manual, and Fellow and former Director of the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening. Arkin is a cofounder and Director of Ambagon Therapeutics and cofounder of Elgia Therapeutics.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WLK or Wlk may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vinod Kumar Sultanpuri is an Indian politician, social worker and incumbent Member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Kasauli Assembly constituency as a member of Indian National Congress defeating Rajiv Saizal of Bharatiya Janata Party by the margin of 6,768 votes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He is son of Krishna Dutt Sultanpuri, a six-term Member of Parliament.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Khlong Mae Kha (Thai: คลองแม่ข่า, pronounced [kʰlɔ̄ːŋ mɛ̂ kʰàː]) is a khlong (canal) in Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The waterway acted as an outer moat around the city of Chiang Mai. It is a drainage route to the Ping river. The current flows through Don Kaeo subdistrict, Mae Rim district passing through subdistricts of Pa Daet and Mae Hia in the area of Mueang Chiang Mai district. From there, it flow continues up till it joins the Lam Mueang Kang before emptying into the Ping river in the Pa Deat area, total length approximately 31 km (19.3 mi).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the past, the water conditions were clean and clear, can be used for consumption. Later it became spoiled and polluted. At present, there are efforts by the Chiang Mai government to revive this canal to return it to its former beauty and cleanliness like Japan's Otaru canal or South Korea's Cheonggyecheon.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "18°46′38″N 98°59′44″E / 18.7771121°N 98.9955363°E / 18.7771121; 98.9955363", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WWH may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WTE or Wte may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Telaquana Mountain is an 8,070-foot-elevation (2,460-meter) mountain summit in Alaska.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Telaquana Mountain is located 130 miles (209 km) west-southwest of Anchorage in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve. The remote glaciated mountain ranks as the third-highest peak in the Neacola Mountains which are the northernmost subrange of the Aleutian Range. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the mountain's north slope drains into Trail Creek, which is a tributary of the Telaquana River, whereas the south slope drains to the Mulchatna River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,070 feet (936 meters) above an unnamed glacier in the north cirque in one-half mile (0.8 km). The mountain's name is associated with nearby Lake Telaquana which in the Denaʼina language means \"the salmon go up that lake.\" The name was applied in 1928 by the U.S. Geological Survey and the toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. The mountain holds special significance for the Denaʼina people who call the mountain Nduk'eyux Dghil'u which means \"Animal goes in mountain.\" In their legend, all the animals on earth were released from the inside of Telaquana Mountain, such that the mountain is why wild game exists.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "According to the Köppen climate classification system, Telaquana Mountain is located in a tundra climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. This climate supports four unnamed glaciers surrounding the peak.", "title": "Climate" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Dunlop Series will be a Australian motor racing competition for Supercars as a support series. It will be the twenty-fifth running of the Supercars Development Series, the second tier of competition in Supercars racing. Since joining as a class in 2021 this marks at the same time as the seventeeth running of the Super3 Series, the third tier of competition in Supercars racing (Officially in 2019 as the Kumho Tyre Super3 Series).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "AIM Motorsport Australia will expand to a two car team after purchasing another ex-Tickford Racing Ford Mustang GT.", "title": "Entries" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lochie Dalton switched from Brad Jones Racing to Tickford Racing.", "title": "Entries" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Max Vidau graduated from the Porsche Carrera Cup Australia to join Anderson Motorsport.", "title": "Entries" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Campbell Logan graduated from the Toyota 86 Racing Series to join Walkinshaw Andretti United.", "title": "Entries" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Deep Raj (born 7 October 1988) is an Indian politician, social worker and incumbent Member of Legislative Assembly for Karsog Assembly constituency as a member of Bharatiya Janata Party. In 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, Deep Raj defeated the Mahesh Raj of Indian National Congress by the margin of 10,534 votes.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Qinru Qiu is a Chinese-American computer engineer whose research interests include efficient energy use in computing, and neuromorphic computing. She is a professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Syracuse University, and the director of the university's Electrical Engineering and Computer Science graduate program.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Qiu has a 1994 bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Zhejiang University. She went to the University of Southern California for graduate study, earning a master's degree in 1998 and completing her Ph.D. in 2001.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She was a faculty member in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Binghamton University before moving to her present position at Syracuse.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Qiu was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, \"for contributions to modeling and optimization of energy efficient computing systems\".", "title": "Recognition" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John Donning (c.1530 - 1578 or after), of Chichester and Rye, Sussex, was an English Member of Parliament.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Rye in 1571. He was Mayor of Rye 1567-8, 1570-1, 1571-2, and 1573-4. The last recorded mention of him is in 1578.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "{{subst:l|1530", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Donning may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Peter Noel Kay (born 21 March 1966) is an Australian former rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kay, born in Adelaide, South Australia, attended Evans High School in the western Sydney suburb of Blacktown.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A prop, Kay played 20 years of first-grade rugby for Parramatta Two Blues. He debuted for New South Wales in 1987, forming a front row with Ewen McKenzie and Eddie Jones. His solitary international cap came the following year in the 2nd Test against England at Concord Oval, Sydney, which the Wallabies won 28—8.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Clement Cobbe (born after 1527 - died ?1574), of Rye, Sussex, was an English Member of Parliament.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Rye in 1572. He was Mayor of Rye 1566-7.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WOU or Wou may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gaymer is a term used to describe gay gamers.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Gaymer may also refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": ", was an English Member of Parliament.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Rye in .", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "{{subst:l|", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Power Sphera Universe is a media franchise created by Animonsta Studios.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "These short specials were released on the occasion of Eid ul fitr.", "title": "Short specials" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lokender Kumar is an Indian politician, social worker and incumbent Member of Legislative Assembly for Anni assembly constituency as a member of Bharatiya Janata Party. In 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections, Lokender Kumar defeated the Kishori Lal of Indian National Congress party.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andrew Alec Stewart (born 16 June 1953) is an Australian former rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Educated at North Sydney Boys High School, Stewart was a openside flanker and played first-grade for Northern Suburbs.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Stewart was capped three times for the Wallabies. His extra pace helped earn him a Test debut against the All Blacks at the Sydney Cricket Ground in 1979 and he put in a commendable performances in a Wallabies win, which secured the Bledisloe Cup for the first time in 30 years. He gained two further caps on the 1979 tour of Argentina.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Operation Osoaviakhim was a secret Soviet operation under which more than 2,500 former Nazi German specialists (Специалисты; i.e. scientists, engineers and technicians who worked in specialist areas) from companies and institutions relevant to military and economic policy in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany (SBZ) and Berlin, as well as around 4,000 more family members, totalling more than 6,000 people, were transported from former Nazi Germany as war reparations to the Soviet Union. It took place in the early morning hours of October 22, 1946 when MVD (previously NKVD) and Soviet Army units under the direction of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD), headed by Ivan Serov, rounded up German scientists and transported them by rail to the USSR.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Much related equipment was also moved, the aim being to literally transplant research and production research centers such as the V-2 rocket center of Mittelwerk, from Germany to the Soviet Union, and collect as much material as possible from test centers such as the Luftwaffe's central military aviation test center at Erprobungstelle Rechlin, taken by the Red Army on 2 May 1945.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the night of 21st of October 1946, the day following the 1946 Soviet occupation zone state elections as well as the 1946 Berlin state election until 22. October 1946, soviet officers accompanied by a translator as well as an armed soldier stopped by the homes of German specialists, ordering them to pack their belongings. Trucks and trains had been prepared and were standing ready for the immediate transport of around 6,500 people against their will.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the following List, duration of stay in the USSR is stated, if known.", "title": "Jet engine and aviation industry" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Details as mentioned above are not known in this section.", "title": "Other affected facilities (incomplete)" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Audley Dannett (c.1546-91), of St. Andrew-in-the-Wardrobe, London, was an English Member of Parliament.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Rye in 1589.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "{{s", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is FK Jablonec's 79th season in existence and 30th consecutive in the Czech First League. They will also compete in the Czech Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 16 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 21 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "XCS may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The discography for German composer and musician Johann Sebastian Bach consists of 5 studio albums.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hospet Vidhan Sabha seat was one of the seats in Karnataka state assembly in India until 2008 when it was made defunct. It was part of Bellary Lok Sabha seat.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "18°01′05″N 77°00′37″E / 18.018162°N 77.010178°E / 18.018162; 77.010178", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In Taoism, body gods (shēnshén, 身神) or internal gods (nèishén, 内神) are deities situated within the human body. As many as 36,000 inner gods are described, \"who raise the whole body and let it ascend to Heaven.\" Often they appear as \"bureaucrats reporting to the stars.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Taoist conception of the body contains a number of \"body residents\", including gods, hun and po souls, and disease-causing spirits such as the Three Corpses (sanchong, 三蟲). Meditation can allow the adept to control or manage these entities. The 2nd century Taipingjing describes one such method:", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "There are ten spirits of spring that look like boys dressed in blue; ten spirits of summer that look like boys dressed in red; ten spirits of fall that appear like boys dressed in white; ten spirits of winter that look like boys dressed in black; twelve spirits of the four seasons that seem to be boys dressed in yellow. These are the gods residing in the inner organs of male adepts. The same numbers of gods [in female form] reside in those of a female. Males best meditate on [the gods] in male form, while females envision them in female form. Each should be [painted] about one chi [roughly one foot] tall. [If] the images are nicely painted and lovable, adepts will feel happy and their spirit souls promptly return to the body.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Inner gods are among the earliest images in Taoism, but literary sources predate any visual iconography. Body gods can be traced to the social and political upheaval of the declining Han dynasty, where a \"process of deification\" on the microcosmic level supplanted a notion of organs as impersonal storehouses of qi. The body was therefore transformed into the \"dwelling place of powerful internal spirits or gods.\" The \"impersonal entities\" seen in earlier texts such as the Huainanzi or Guanzi transitioned to anthropomorphic gods of the body. Anthropomorphism made the visualization of cosmic principles easier and emphasized their \"living\" or generative functions. The identification of the body with the celestial realm originates in yin-yang cosmology and the wuxing. Meditation \"accordingly served to turn the adept’s body into a cosmic body, a 'theater of moving gods.'\" The first systematic description of inner gods is found in the Yellow Court Classic, where each organ is designated as a ministry and is managed by a god residing in a palace.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A late 2nd century commentary on the Daodejing, the Master of the Riverbank, contains a description of five spirits inhabiting the liver, lungs, heart, kidney, and spleen. These organs can be emptied of \"excessive emotions and desires\" to make room for the descent of cosmic deities. The early medieval Laozi zhongjing describes a pantheon of inner gods in a hierarchical arrangement similar to the Eastern Han court, supported by eight-thousand attendants. The Central Scripture describes the lung as a secretary, the liver as a librarian, the heart as a minister of military affairs, the left kidney as a minister of education, and the right kidney as the minister of public works.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Taipingjing describes Taiyi (太一 \"the one\"), initially personified as an astral deity at the center of the universe, as an inner god:", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On the head, the One is the top; Among the seven orifices, it is found in the eyes; In the center of the body, it is the navel; Among the five orbs, it is the heart; Among the members of the body, it is the hands; Among the bones, it is the spinal column; In the flesh of the body, it is found in the five orbs and the stomach.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The Sanhuangsanyijing opens with a method for moving Taiyi from the Upper Cinnabar Field to the Middle Cinnabar Field, located in the heart, then to the top of the spleen, and finally between the kidneys and below the navel. Taiyi's integration as a internal god situated a state of cosmic unity within the body.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Ge Hong's Baopuzi elevates Taiyi above all others, prescribing a practice referred to as \"guarding the One\" (shouyi, 守一). It describes the One as", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "0.9 inch[es] in length in the male, and 0.6 inch[es] in the female. Sometimes it is in the lower cinnabar field 1.4 inches beneath the navel. At other times it is in the central cinnabar field, i.e., the golden gate or purple palace, in the heart.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Category:Taoism Category:Taoist deities", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WMX or Wmx may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Transport in Surat is shared by public, and private transport. Surat has Rapid Transport System with BRTS Surat , Surat Metro (Under Construction), Railways etc. Surat has 861 Buses", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Surat has taxi services that is oprational mostly aroun Surat Railwaystation, apart from this Surat has private cab services like Ola Caba, Uber, Jugnoo etc.", "title": "Road" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Auto rickshaws are the most preferable mode of public transport in Surat", "title": "Road" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Surat railway station is the main railway stations of surat along with gothangam, Kosad, Utran, Udhna Junction, Bhestan, Niyol, Maroli and Sachin. Surat Railway Station is the 2nd Busiest railway station after Borivali in Mumbai division of Western Reailways, and soon to be devepled as Multi-Modal Transportation Hub (MMTH)", "title": "Rail" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Surat Metro is under Construction Metro Train System on surat. it has 2 lines (Green Line & Red Line) and 38 Stations", "title": "Rail" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Surat will be part of Mumbai–Ahmedabad High Speed Rail Corridor also Known as Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train", "title": "Rail" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Surat has Ferry Service oprating from Hazira to Ghogha of Bhavnagar Distrct this service is 90 km and oprating twice daily.", "title": "Ferry" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Surat International Airport is the nearest Airport of Surat with Direct connectivity to Sharjah and Dubai.", "title": "Air" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Surat Airport is also connected via major cities of lindia like Bangalore, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Chennai, Coimbatore, Diu, Goa–Dabolim, Goa–Mopa, Indore, Jaipur, Udaipur, Pune Belgaum, Kishangarh oprated by major Airlines such as Air India Express, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Star Air", "title": "Air" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The Expanded terminal of Surat International Airport was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 17 December 2023", "title": "Air" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WNV may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vinod Kumar is an Indian politician, social worker and incumbent Member of Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly for Nachan Assembly constituency as a member of Bharatiya Janata Party. In 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly elections, Vinod Kumar defeated Naresh Kumar of Indian National Congress party by the margin of 8,956 votes.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sergiu Cioclea (born 12 September 1974) is an economist from Moldova. He was born in Chişinău and has served as the head of the National Bank of Moldova since April 2016 until November 2018, when was replaced by Octavian Armașu.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cioclea worked for BNP Paribas (2008–2015).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "E. S. Elliott was the pen name of Emily Steele Elliott (1836–1897), an English poet, hymnwriter, novelist, and editor. She was the author of several well-known books and of some missionary hymns. She also edited a missionary magazine.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Emily Elizabeth Steele Elliott was born in Brighton, Sussex, England, 22 July 1836. Her father was Rev. Edward Bishop Elliott, and Charlotte Elliott, the hymnist, was her aunt.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Among Christmas hymns designed for children, two popular ones were written by Elliott. One begins with the line, \"There came a little child to earth,\" which was popular in England, but was not known to many singing congregations in the U.S.. The second hymn was just as suitable for adults as for youth. It was privately printed in 1864 for the use of the choir and school of St. Mark's Church, Brighton, England. The hymn has passed into almost every standard hymnal published in the U.S. at the turn of the 20th century. It starts with, \"Thou didst leave Thy throne and Thy kingly crown\", and is usually sung to the music by Barnby or Matthews.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "She wrote a large number of hymns which were issued in book form in 1866, and following this volume came Chimes for Daily Service, and Chimes of Consecration.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "For six years, Elliott served as editor of the Church Missionary Juvenile Instructor.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "She died in Islington, London on 3 August 1897.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Azhar Mahmood SI(M) is a Rear Admiral and Flag Officer in the Pakistan Navy, presently holding the positions of Commander Central Punjab and Commandant of the Pakistan Naval War College, Lahore.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mahmood was commissioned into the Operations Branch of the Pakistan Navy in 1993. He is a graduate of the Pakistan Navy War College Lahore, Defence Services Command and Staff College Bangladesh, and the National Defence University Islamabad.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Throughout his career, Mahmood has held various command and staff appointments. His command roles include Commanding Officer of PMSS Barkat, PMSS Kashmir, PNS Tariq; Commander of the 9th Auxiliary and Mine Warfare Squadron; and Commander of the 25th Destroyer Squadron. He has also served in international capacities, as chief of staff to the Commander Combined Task Force-150 at HQ NAVCENT Bahrain, and in key positions such as Director Studies at the National Defence University Islamabad and Director of Foreign Military Collaboration at Naval Headquarters.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Mahmood was the Mission Commander during the Pakistan Navy Ship ALAMGIR’s overseas deployment around Africa and aligned with the Engage Africa Policy of the Government of Pakistan. This diplomatic mission included visit of the ship to Egypt, Turkey, Algeria, Senegal, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Kenya, during which free medical camps were established. These camps, staffed by a team of senior doctors, offered free consultations and medicines to citizens of these nations, reflecting both diplomatic engagement and humanitarian efforts of Pakistan Navy.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In recognition of his service, Mahmood has been conferred upon the Sitara-e-Imtiaz and Tamgha-e-Imtiaz.", "title": "Awards and decorations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yuliia Oleksiivna Vahanova (Ukrainian: Юлія Олексіївна Ваганова) is a Ukrainian art historian and cultural manager. Acting Director General of the Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko National Museum of Art (since 2021).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Graduated from the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine (art historian).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She worked on the Art-Affisha program of the Yutar TV and radio company, as an assistant and director of the Center for Contemporary Art at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, deputy director of the National Art Museum of Ukraine, curator of the National Oleksandr Dovzhenko Film Centre, and deputy director of museum and exhibition work at Mystetskyi Arsenal.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since 2021, he has been acting director general of the Bohdan and Varvara Khanenko National Museum of Art.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Badarou is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "#REDIRECT [[Water positive]]", "title": "" } ]

[]

[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Christy Brothers and Company Limited was a UK electricity engineering company which provided equipment, staffing and management to a number of electricity undertakings, worked as subsidiary companies, in Cornwall, Devon, Somerset and Suffolk.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Christy Brothers was founded in 1883 as an electrical engineering and contracting firm. The company started to provide electric lighting of towns and villages from about 1900. It acquired a controlling interest in eight electric power companies.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The constituent companies:", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The generating capacity of the plant at each company was as follows.", "title": "Operations" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Note: oil is oil-fired plant, water is water powered (hydro-electric)", "title": "Operations" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The principal operating parameters of the constituent companies in 1937 is shown in the table.", "title": "Operations" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The principal operating parameters of the constituent companies in 1947 is shown in the table.", "title": "Operations" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The annual turnover and profit of Christy Brothers 1926-32 was as shown.", "title": "Finances" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In March 1933 Christy company offered £225,000 worth of shares on the Stock Exchange.", "title": "Finances" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The company directors in 1933 were:", "title": "Directors" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The company's registered address was 171 Broomfield Road, Chelmsford, Essex.", "title": "Directors" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The Christy Brothers and Company Limited and all its constituent companies were abolished on 31 March 1948 when the British Electricity Industry was nationalised. The generating plant and transmission systems devolved to the British Electricity Authority and the distribution systems to the appropriate geographical Electricity Board, for example the Eastern Electricity Board, the Southern Electricity Board, etc.", "title": "Abolition" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The company was one of five electricity undertakings that operated over large geographical areas. Its assets were divided between two or more Area Electricity Boards. The five companies were:", "title": "Abolition" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Devin A. Jopp (born 1974 in Greensboro, MD) is the Chief Executive Officer for the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the leading professional association for infection preventionists (IPs) and epidemiologists. Jopp is professionally known for his contributions to the healthcare field, particularly in the advancement of patient safety, infection prevention and control, health IT, and healthcare policy. Additionally, he is recognized as for organizational development and leadership within the nonprofit sector.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Devin Jopp was born and raised in Greensboro, MD, located on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. His father, Harold D. Jopp Jr, EdD., and mother, Margaret Jopp, EdD, are both retired educators and leaders who worked in higher education. Jopp completed his Associate's Degree from Chesapeake College and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in computer information systems from the College of Notre Dame of Maryland. He also went on to receive a Master of Science degree in computer and information sciences from Hood College, and a Doctor of Education (EdD) in human and organizational learning from the Executive Leadership Program at the George Washington University.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Dr. Jopp began his career in technology, holding various positions in higher education at Chesapeake College and briefly engaging in manufacturing at Celeste Industries. Subsequently, he transitioned into the nonprofit sector, starting in Washington, DC as the IT Manager at the National Paint and Coatings Association (American Coatings Association). Later, he assumed a position at the Chesapeake Bay Foundation as the Director of IT. Jopp transitioned to the healthcare sector, serving as the Chief Information Officer and also overseeing the membership and business programs as the Chief Operating Officer of Business Programs at the Health Insurance Association of America (HIAA) from 1999 to 2003, before its merger with the American Association of Health Plans (AAHP) to form what is now known as America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP). During his tenure, Jopp led the development of the Chief Information Officer Council, comprised of CIOs from leading national health insurers. Additionally, at this time, Jopp served on a panel with the Utilization Review Accreditation Commission (URAC) that led to the development of a health website accreditation program by Utilization Review Accreditation Commission (URAC) to address content trustworthiness on health websites.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Following this, Jopp served as the Chief Administrative Officer at the Utilization Review Accreditation Commission (URAC) from 2004 to 2005, focusing on optimizing operations and implementing cost-effective strategies in healthcare management accreditation. He led the development of AccreditNet, a tool designed to automate the accreditation process and enable customer self-service.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Jopp went to work as the Chief Operating Officer for the Service Corp of Retired Executives (SCORE), a national nonprofit organization funded by the Small Business Administration (SBA). Jopp played a key role in developing and leading a strategy to overhaul the organization's IT systems and infrastructure. Additionally, he spearheaded the development of two public/private consortium during the Obama administration as part of President Obama’s Startup America’s Initiatives. One consortium, entitled “e-business Now”, aimed to accelerate the adoption of 4G technologies by small businesses with SCORE collaborating with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Small Business Administration and various technology companies such as AT&T, Best Buy, Cisco, Constant Contact, Google, Hewlett-Packard, Intuit, Microsoft, Skype and Time Warner Cable. The second consortium, in conjunction with the White House and the Walmart Foundation, was titled \"Veterans Fast Launch\", providing mentoring, tools, and training to military personnel and their families.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Jopp returned to the healthcare sector, serving as the CEO of the Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange (WEDI) from 2011 to 2015. WEDI serves as a formal advisor to the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 which acts as an authoritative body on the use of health IT to improve health information exchange, enhance care quality, and reduce costs. During Jopp's leadership at WEDI, he played a pivotal role in the development of the WEDI Report in 2013, commemorating the 20th anniversary of the 1993 WEDI Report that contributed to the creation of the HIPAA legislation. In collaboration with healthcare, corporate, and government organizations, Jopp facilitated the creation of a new framework for the future of health information exchange. Jopp worked with the Honorary Chair of the 2013 WEDI Report Commission, the former Secretary of HHS, The Honorable Louis W. Sullivan, M.D., in shaping the content of the report.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2015, Jopp led efforts to try to eliminate the traditional “paper clipboard” in physician offices and automate and standardize the elements used for patient check-in. Jopp also led efforts to help launch the nationwide implementation of ICD-10. In partnership with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid, he provided guidance and developed a tracking system to identify challenges and solutions to the deployment of ICD-10, in the article \"How WEDI, CMS Are Easing the ICD-10 Transition\". Additionally, Jopp led the successful partnership with EHNAC to build an accreditation program for practice management systems used in physician offices. His tenure at WEDI also included serving on the Board of Directors for The Sequoia Project, the nonprofit organization which works to advance nationwide health information exchange.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "From 2016 to 2020, Jopp served as the CEO of the American College Health Association (ACHA), a leadership organization for health and wellness. During his tenure, Jopp implemented an organizational membership model that allowed unlimited memberships to ACHA for each university member. He also initiated the College Health & Wellness Professional certification program. Additionally, Jopp led the 100 year anniversary celebration for ACHA and was co-authored a seminal article chronicling the second 50 years of college health. During his tenure, Jopp also launched the Connected College Health Network, the largest data warehouse initiative in college health and wellness and introduced a new website, HealthyStartU, which universities could adopt to facilitate the health and wellness transition of college students.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "As the current CEO of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), Jopp has played a key role in advancing infection prevention and control and led efforts to help address the COVID-19 pandemic. He led the development of the \"Building Infection Safe Communities\" initiative, resulting in activities in over 35 states to implement parts of the framework aimed at preventing public health outbreaks. Jopp also led the effort to build the first ever Infection Preventionist Academic Pathway (IPAP) to facilitate new Infection Preventionists to more readily enter the career. As part of the IPAP, the Department of Labor established an apprenticeship program in 2023. Additionally, he led the development of APIC’s new certification preparation program to help infection preventionists (IPs) working in long-term care settings sit for the Certification Board for Infection Control and Epidemiology’s (CBIC’s) new Long-term Care Certification in Infection Prevention (LTC-CIP). Jopp serves as a member of the Global IPC Network (GIPCN) with the World Health Organization and contributed to the development of the first-ever WHO Global Strategy on Infection Prevention & Control.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In addition to Jopp’s professional work as a nonprofit executive leader, he also is a contributor to Forbes, as part of Forbes Nonprofit Council, and also is the author of a book entitled \"Boardcraft: Building Corporate Board Intelligence\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. Jopp led efforts by the American College Health Association to develop guidelines for reopening colleges that had closed due to the pandemic. The development of these guidelines enabled colleges to safely re-open at a time when K-12 schools remained primarily closed during the fall of 2020. Dr. Jopp's contributions laid the groundwork for the subsequent establishment of the Campus COVID-19 Vaccination and Mitigation (CoVAC) initiative, which received funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Jopp was a frequent speaker on college reopening during COVID-19.", "title": "COVID-19 Pandemic Response" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In December 2020, Jopp became the CEO of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control & Epidemiology (APIC) and joined the National Advisory Council for the COVID-19 Collaborative. In 2021, representing APIC and the COVID-19 Collaborative, Dr. Jopp led the drafting team for the report titled \"Roadmap to Healthy Schools: Building Organizational Capacity for Infection Prevention & Control (IPC)”.", "title": "COVID-19 Pandemic Response" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Dr. Jopp initiated a partnership with Argentum, the trade association representing assisted living facilities, to develop training programs for front-line workers focused on Infection Prevention and Control Training for Assisted Living Centers.", "title": "COVID-19 Pandemic Response" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Later, Dr. Jopp led efforts to develop the report titled \"Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Balancing Patient Safety & Pandemic Response”, presenting a series of recommendations to enhance pandemic readiness. Additionally, in partnership with Ohio State University, Jopp commissioned a study published in the American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC) that investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infection preventionists.", "title": "COVID-19 Pandemic Response" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "In August 2023, Dr. Jopp joined the National Health Council (NHC) Board of Directors, collaborating with other nonprofit leaders to forge consensus and drive patient-centered health policy.", "title": "Today" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Dr. Jopp received recognition as a top association executive from DCA Live in 2022 and holds membership in the Forbes Nonprofit Council. Additionally, he achieved inclusion among the Top 100 most influential Healthcare Leaders worldwide in 2020 and was recognized as one of the Top 50 Health IT Experts in 2015.", "title": "Recognition" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Dr. Jopp is married to Dr. Sandhya Jopp, and together they have three children.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Roberto Yohana Nditi (born 1 October 2000) is a footballer who plays for Scottish club Forfar Athletic as a defender. Born in England, he represents Tanzania at international level.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Basingstoke, Nditi spent his early career with Reading, where he was captain of their under-16 team. He turned professional in June 2019, and in September 2019 he moved on loan to Eastbourne Borough. He was released by Reading at the end of the 2019–20 season, and after leaving Reading he played for Bracknell Town.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He signed with Forfar Athletic in February 2021, being linked with a transfer to Hearts, before moving to Queen of the South for the 2021–22 season. After one season he returned to Forfar.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In December 2023, Nditi was called up by the Tanzania national team for the delayed 2023 Africa Cup of Nations in January 2024.", "title": "Inernational career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Born in England, Nditi has Tanzanian and Italian heritage. His father Eric is from Tanzania. His half-brother is former Chelsea trainee Adam Nditi, while his two younger brothers, twins Zion and Paulo, are also footballers.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Primarily a central defender, Nditi can play anywhere in defence.", "title": "Style of play" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Aleš Juchelka (born April 18, 1976, Ostrava, Czech Republic) is a Czech politician, presenter, screenwriter, and dramaturge. Since October 2017, he has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic, elected as an independent for the ANO 2011 movement. Prior to this, from 2010 to 2014, he served as a councilor in the city of Ostrava representing TOP 09.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In the municipal elections of 2010, he was elected as a councilor of the city of Ostrava, leading the candidate list for TOP 09. He sought reelection as the lead candidate for TOP 09 in the 2014 elections. However, this time he was unsuccessful, as the party did not secure representation in the council. He also did not become a councilor in the Moravská Ostrava and Přívoz municipal district, despite leading the TOP 09 candidate list there.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the municipal elections of 2018, he ran as a member of the ANO 2011 movement for a position in the Moravská Ostrava and Přívoz municipal district council but was unsuccessful.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Similarly, in the 2022 municipal elections, he ran unsuccessfully for a position in the Moravská Ostrava and Přívoz council, occupying the 15th position on the ANO 2011 candidate list.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2015, he left TOP 09, and in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic in 2017, he was elected as an independent for the ANO 2011 movement in the Moravian-Silesian Region, occupying the third position on the candidate list.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In the elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic in 2021, he ran for ANO 2011 in the third position in the Moravian-Silesian Region. He received 6,080 preferential votes, thus becoming a member of parliament once again.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 45th Yokohama Film Festival (第45回ヨコハマ映画祭) will be held on 4 February 2024. The awards were announced on 11 December 2023.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Last Repair Shop is a 2023 American short documentary film directed by Ben Proudfoot and Kris Bowers. The documentary is about a Los Angeles downtown warehouse where a dwindling handful of devoted craftspeople keep over 80,000 student instruments in good repair. Produced by Breakwater Studios, the film had its world premiere on September 1, 2023 at 50th Telluride Film Festival, and on September 24, 2023, at 2023 Calgary International Film Festival, where it won the Best Documentary Short Film award.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It also won Best Short Documentary award at 8th Critics' Choice Documentary Awards and was shortlisted for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film at the 96th Academy Awards.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It was made available for streaming on YouTube and Los Angeles Times on November 8, 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Proudfoot and Bowers previously co-directed Concerto is a Conversation, a 2022 Oscar nominee in the short documentary category. That film's producer, Jeremy Lambert, passed along an article on the Los Angeles Unified School District's 64-year-old workshop.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "That workshop, much smaller than Bowers had imagined when he was an LAUSD student, became the subject of the film, including profiles of four of the workshop's craftspeople. Bowers, whose first instrument was a school-provided saxophone, felt they should profile students, as well. Among the staff interviewed was Steve Bagmanyan, a piano technician and Azerbaijan refugee, who had tunned the pianos Bowers had used in elementry and middle school.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The film had its world premiere on September 1, 2023 at 50th Telluride Film Festival in 'Main Slate: Episodic Form and Short Form' section. It was screened at Middleburg Film Festival in October 2023.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On October 18, 2023 Searchlight Pictures and L.A. Times Studio acquired the film and set the online streaming release date.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "It was made available for streaming on YouTube and Los Angeles Times on November 8, 2023.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It is the first time that L.A. Times Studio has featured on Oscars shortlist, made possible by this film.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Wissembourg station is a railway station serving the town Wissembourg, Bas-Rhin department, northeastern France. It is a terminal station at the junction of two railway lines: towards Strasbourg and Neustadt an der Weinstraße (Germany). The station is served by regional trains towards Haguenau and Strasbourg (TER Grand Est) and towards Landau and Neustadt an der Weinstraße (Deutsche Bahn).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "49°01′54″N 7°57′00″E / 49.03167°N 7.95000°E / 49.03167; 7.95000", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lumion is a real-time 3D architectural visualization software developed by Act-3D B.V., a privately owned Dutch company, developer of the Quest3D engine, headquartered in Sassenheim, Netherlands. Primarily used in architecture, landscaping, urban planning and interior design, Lumion allows the creation of high-resolution renders and visualizations.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Act-3D, a company behind Lumion, was founded in 1998 in Leiden, Netherlands.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In September 2001, the company developed Quest3D, a proprietary 3D engine utilized in the areas of architecture, product design, computer games, training software, and simulation environments.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Act-3D shifted focus to architectural 3D rendering shortly after its inception. The first version of Lumion software was released in December 2010.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lumion has Pro and Standard licenses for commercial use. Lumion also has two educational licenses for non-commercial use only, Lumion Student and Lumion Faculty.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Lumion offers real-time rendering, allowing users to view changes and updates instantly.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "It also has integration with popular CAD software, such as Revit, SketchUp, AutoCAD, Archicad, and many more. Lumion LiveSync was introduced for the first time in 2018 for Sketchup, enabling real-time model-to-render synchronization.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "LiveSync feature allows CAD modeling and Lumion rendering integration for simultaneous work in both environments with modifications that are instantly visible within the context of a lifelike landscape, including realistic skies, vegetation, furniture, and other rendered elements.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Lumion's render engine combines rasterization technology with ray tracing for realistic light behavior and automatically generates realistic indirect lighting, reflections, and shadows.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "It is compatible with both Nvidia and AMD GPUs.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Lumion's system requirements vary by version, generally recommending a powerful graphics card, sufficient RAM, and a high-speed processor for optimal performance. A benchmark test is available for individual assessment (Lumion benchmarks the user's computer graphics card, graphics memory, CPU, and system memory; if any of these components have a red score, the user may need to upgrade this component for a better Lumion use).", "title": "System requirements" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Illés Trangus (Slovak: Eliáš Trangus, about 1704 – 11 December 1761) Hungarian physician, pharmacy owner, first chief physician (Hungarian: főorvos) of Gömör and Borsod County.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "As the son of Illés Trangus Sr. (1669–1737), a lutheran pastor, and Zsuzsanna Katalin Alauda (1676–1733), he was probably born in or around Sabinov (Hungarian: Kisszeben), and declared himself a Hungarian from Szeben, or Cibinio-Hungarian in Latin. Between 1728 and 1731, he completed his studies at Halle University (today: Martin Luther University), and in his dissertation he discussed the healing of the rich.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His first wife was Judit Kruss (1712–1741), his second wife was Erzsébet Mária Raymann (1718–1764), the daughter of János Ádám Raymann, a doctor from Prešov (Hungarian: Eperjes). He first lived in Rožňava (Hungarian: Rozsnyó), and in the early 1730s he settled in Miskolc, where he founded the Arany Szarvas (Golden Deer) Pharmacy and opened a medical practice.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Later his son, Mihály Teofil Gottlieb Trangus became a physician too.", "title": "Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Alexander Černý (born May 21, 1953, Olomouc, Czech Republic) is a Czech politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic from 2002 to 2021 and a councilor of the Olomouc Region from 2000 to 2020. He is a member of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Since 1990, he has been a professional employee of the KSČM. He has been actively involved in local politics for an extended period. In the municipal elections of 1994, 1998, 2002, and 2010, he was elected as a councilor of the city of Olomouc representing KSČM. As of 1998, he was mentioned professionally as the chairman of the local KSČM organization. He is also a member of the Central Committee of KSČM and the Executive Committee of the Central Committee of KSČM.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Abu Sufian bin Ali (born 23 March 1966) is a Brunei diplomat who became the ambassador to Belgium from 2017 to 2021, and the permanent representative to the United Nations (UN) in Geneva.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Abu Sufian received his Bachelor of Arts in international relations from Staffordshire Polytechnic in the United Kingdom in 1990. Additionally, he has attended several courses, including the 7th Annual Young Professional Conference in San Francisco, the 7th Special Training on WTO Dispute Settlement and Practices in Geneva, a Programme on Preventive Diplomacy and Conflict Resolution in Washington, D.C, and an Executive Development Programme at the Ministry of Defence.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From 1990 to 1994, Abu Sufian served as a researcher at the Department of Economy within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Subsequently, in 1994-1995, he continued his research role at the China and ASEAN Department of Political Affairs within the same ministry. His diplomatic assignments include being a Second Secretary at the Brunei Permanent Mission to the UN and other international organisations, including the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva, from 1995 to 1998. Following this, he held the position of First Secretary at the same mission from 1998 to 2000.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 2000 to 2001, Abu Sufian took on the role of chargé d'affaires. He served as the Deputy Director of the Policy Planning Department at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2001 to 2004. In 2004-2005, he held the position of Deputy Director of the Department of International Organisation, followed by his role as Deputy Director of the Department of Multilateral Economy from 2005 to 2008. During 2006-2007, he temporarily assumed the role of Acting Director of the Department of International Trade.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "His involvement in international negotiations includes being a member of the Brunei delegation for the Brunei-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (BJEPA) from 2006 to 2008. During these negotiations, he served as Co-Chair of the Group on Improving the Business Environment and the Chapter on Cooperation. Simultaneously, he played a significant role in BJEPA energy negotiations. In the period of 2006-2009, he served as the chief negotiator for Brunei on the ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement. From 2008 to 2012, he finally was promoted to the position of Director of the Department of International Trade.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Additionally, from 2008 to 2012, he was part of the delegation negotiating an agreement between Brunei, ASEAN, Australia, and New Zealand on free trade. He played a key role in the final negotiations for the creation of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and assumed the role of co-chair of the Committee on Commodities Trade under the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand (AANZ) FTA during the early stages of its implementation.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Not long after being presented his letter of credential on 29 November 2012, Abu Sufian was approved by Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah for a meeting with him at Qashr Al-Meezaan on 8 December. Later on the 20th, he submits his credentials to Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. From 5 July 2013, he obtained non-resident ambassadorship to Ukraine. Concurrently, he held the important positions of permanent representative to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTB) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna. On 19 September 2013, he met IAEA Director General Yukiya Amano bilaterally during the IAEA's 57th General Conference in Vienna.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Transitioning to his role in defence, from 2014 to 2016, he served as the Deputy Permanent Secretary with a focus on Defense Policy and Development at the Ministry of Defense. After being appointed as the new ambassador to Belgium, Abu Sufian received his new letter of credential from Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah at Istana Nurul Iman on 13 August 2016. At this capacity, he would hold accredations to Benelux countries, the European Union (EU), the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Hungary, Sweden, and Denmark. He would also on 22 February 2017, present his credentials to King Willem-Alexander at the Noordeinde Palace. Additionally, he replaced Serbini Ali as the new Head of Mission of Brunei to the European Union. In 2017, he was also the chairman ASEAN Brussels Committee. During his tenure, he saw the Sultan's visit to Brussels to attend the 12th Asia-Europe Summit Meeting in October 2018.", "title": "Diplomatic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Abu Sufian was born in Kuala Belait on 23 March 1966, married to Anisamawati Osman and together they have three children. His hobbies included playing golf, jogging, badminton and football.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Throughout his career, he has earned the following honours;", "title": "Honours" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Haguenau station is a railway station serving the town Haguenau, Bas-Rhin department, northeastern France. It lies at the junction of the railway line from Strasbourg to Wissembourg, and the branch line to Niederbronn-les-Bains. The station is served by regional trains towards Strasbourg, Wissembourg and Niederbronn-les-Bains.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "48°48′49″N 7°46′56″E / 48.81361°N 7.78222°E / 48.81361; 7.78222", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andrés Atayde Rubiolo (Mexico City, February 1, 1985) is a Mexican politician, member of the National Action Party. From 2015 to 2018, he was a multi-member local deputy. He is the current president of the capital PAN.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Son of Andrés Atayde Pacheco and Catalina Rubiolo (originally from Argentina), he was born into a circus family. His grandfather was one of the founders of the famous Atayde Hermanos Circus, which was founded at the end of the 19th century during the Porfiriato era in Mexico.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He studied Economics and Political Science at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM). He also holds a Master's degree in Government and Public Policy from the Panamerican University. He is currently pursuing a Master's Degree in Business Administration at ITAM.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "At the age of seventeen, in 2003, he joined the ranks of the National Action Party, influenced in part by fellow PAN member and diplomat Tarcisio Navarrete.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He began his political career as a youth leader in Benito Juárez. In 2005, he worked as an advisor at Seguro Popular. Later, he was elected Regional Secretary of Youth Action from 2010 to 2013.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Between 2012 and 2015 he served as Director of Medical and Social Services in the current Benito Juárez mayor's office. After the 2015 local midterm elections, he served as local representative for the principle of proportional representation of the VII Legislature of the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District (ALDF) for the period 2015-2018.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Member of the Legislative Assembly of Mexico City", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In the last legislature of the Legislative Assembly, Atayde Rubiolo chaired the Finance Committee. There, he met his counterparts Israel Betanzos and Nora Arias, current local leaders of the Institutional Revolutionary and Democratic Revolution parties.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 2018, he was elected President of the PAN of Mexico City for the 2018-2021 triennium, succeeding Mauricio Tabe Echartea. On September 15, 2021, he reported that he requested a license as a local leader to seek his reelection as head of PAN CDMX, being reelected for one more term until 2024 after the results delivered in the 2021 election in the City.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Khlong Tan (Thai: คลองตัน, pronounced [kʰlɔ̄ːŋ tān]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) in Khlong Toei district, Bangkok. In 2021, it had a population of 10,573 people.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "A Hawking star is a theoretical type of star, where a star's core is replaced by a very small, substellar, primordial black hole, and the star is powered by black hole accretion gravity engine instead of fusion stellar core. It is named for Stephen Hawking, who proposed the existence of primordial black holes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The existence and frequency of Hawking stars would be a test for the existence of primordial black holes and their commonality, and test their candidacy as a form of dark matter.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "These stars are theorized to exist in the contemporary universe, and not a similar type of star from the early universe, quasi-stars, where very large gas clouds directly collapse into forming black holes and also having a star's envelope surrounding that, with black hole accretion powering the star. Unlike the primordial quasi-stars, Hawking stars would have the size of contemporary stars instead of being much larger than those.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "See also" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Davanagere Vidhan Sabha seat was one of the seats in Karnataka state assembly in India until 2008 when it was made defunct. It was part of Davangere Lok Sabha seat.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "14°28′01″N 75°55′12″E / 14.467043°N 75.919995°E / 14.467043; 75.919995", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Susanna Zerbini (born 1948) is an Italian geophysicist, geodesist, and geodynamicist. She is known as a pioneer in developing and applying satellite geodesy for research in geodynamics and Earth system sciences.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Zerbini completed classical secondary school education (including Latin and Greek) and then decided to become a scientist. In 1972 she graduated from the University of Bologna with a Ph.D. (Laurea) in physics. From 1973 to 1981 she was supported by fellowships from the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italian National Council of Research) and Zonta International. From 1975 to 1976 and again from 1978 to 1979 she held appointments as a visiting scientist in geoastronomy at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. At the University of Bologna, she was from 1981 to 1987 a research associate, from 1987 to 2011 an associate professor of geodesy, and from 2011 to 2018 a full professor in the department of physics. In 2018 she retired as professor emerita.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Zerbini played a key role in explaining anomalous orbital effects for PAGEOS (PAssive Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) — a balloon satellite was launched by NASA in June 1966. PAGEOS was important in research on direct solar radiation and terrestrial albedo radiation. She identified the flux of micrometeoroids in the near-Earth environment as the cause of unexpected oblateness and precession of PAGEOS. She developed models for precise computations of the orbits of LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2. Her research was important for using the LAGEOS data for precisely determining Earth's crustal motion, especially for the Mediterranean region and the San Andreas Fault. She was the leader for Italy's science participation in the LAGEOS-2 mission jointly sponsored by the USA (via NASA) and by Italy.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Beginning in the 1990s, much of Zerbini's research has focused on studies of changes in sea levels. She was one of the main organizers of the European Union project SEa Level Fluctuations (SELF), consisting of two parts: SELF-1 and SELF-2, designed to study sea-level variations of the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. In the SELF project from 1993 to 1998, scientists from Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, and Russia used GPS techniques to measure sea-level variations to an accuracy of a few millimeters per year. The SELF scientists made use of tide gauges, satellite-oriented reference and intermediate stations, and water vapor radiometers (WVRs). The basic aim of SELF-1 and SELF-2 was the synchronization by GPS of a large, coordinated ensemble of tide gauges surrounding the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea – thus allowing, in data analysis, the separation of sea-level changes from tectonic movements. In the first decade of the 21st century, she and her colleagues used GPS and large, coordinated ensembles of superconducting gravimeters to study changes in Earth's mascons for the purpose of better understanding of tectonic movements.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In more recent years, she has done research on sea-level changes by rescuing and analyzing data from tide gauge data dating back to 1873. For better understanding of climate change, she and her colleagues compare tide gauge data with long-period time series of GPS heights and gravity data acquired at the radio observatory in Medicina.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Zerbini has served on numerous scientific committees, panels, and advisory boards. She was from 2007 to 2008 a member of the Board of Administrators of the Italian Space Agency (ASI), from 2008 to 2010 a member of the Waldo E. Smith Medal Committee of the American Geophysical Union (AGU), and from 2009 to 2011 the chair of the Vening Meinesz Medal Committee of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). She was from 1992 to 1996 an associated editor for geodesy in the AGU's Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth. For Elsevier's Journal of Geodynamics, she was from 1996 to 2002 an associate editor and is since 2002 a member of the journal's editorial board.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Zerbini was elected in 1999 a Fellow of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). In 2001 she was awarded the \"Gold Badge\" of the European Geophysical Society (EGS), which was merged in 2002 into the European Geosciences Union (EGU). In 2009 she was awarded the EGU's Vening Meinesz Medal.", "title": "Education and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Duncan Mackenzie Ivison (born 1965) is a Professor of political philosophy and incoming Vice Chancellor of the University of Manchester where he will succeed Nancy Rothwell in August 2024. He formerly served as Deputy Vice Chancellor at the University of Sydney.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Ivison completed his Bachelor of Arts degree at McGill University, in Montreal, where he grew up, followed by a Master of Science and PhD at the London School of Economics in 1993.", "title": "Education and early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Ivison is a political philosopher with interests in political theory, the history of political thought and moral philosophy. His publications include work on postcolonial liberalism and Indigenous rights.", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Previously, Ivison held appointments at the University of Toronto, University of York and was a postdoctoral fellow at Australian National University (ANU).", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Ivison is a Fellow of the Royal Society of New South Wales (FRSN) and the Australian Academy of the Humanities (FAHA).", "title": "Career and research" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bertha Baroness von Meduna (27 September 1836 – 5 September 1899) was Chamber Woman at the royal court of Princess Sophie of Bavaria, who was the Archduchess of Austria and mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born as Bertha Barbara Karolina Freifrau Negelin von Blumenfeld in Dornbach, Vienna, on 27 September 1836, she was the daughter of Alois Negelin von Blumenfeld and Karolina Wiese. The nobility of the family dates back to a certain Franz Joseph Negelin, son of Johann Baptist Negele, who ascended in the service of Empress Maria Theresia. As member of the Austrian Imperial Council, Negelin was awarded the nobility title von Blumenfeld in 1763 and knighthood in 1767.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She served as lady's maid and Chamber Woman at the court of Archduchess Sophie from 1854 until her death in 1872, received from the Archduchess an estate in St. Christophen, Neulengbach, and was awared by Emperor Franz Joseph a Golden Cross of Merit with the Crown in 1898.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 25 February 1874 she married Josef Meduna (19 March 1842, Chrudim – 14 May 1913, St. Christophen), property owner and mayor of St. Christophen.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Meduna family had their home and property in St. Christophen at the end of Schubertgasse, which is now surrounded by the houses of the new \"Meduna settlement\". The Meduna-Marterl, a wayside shrine on the former Meduna property commemorates the plague year of 1713 in which 27 people died.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After her death on 5 September 1899, her husband errected a family crypt (topped by a 3-meter tall chapel) at the south-western perimeter of the cemetery in St. Christophen, on parcel 14/4. It contains a prayer stool Baroness Meduna had received from Archduke Franz Karl of Austria after Archduchess Sophie's death in 1872. The stool was made from the headboard of the bed in which the old Emperor's mother died and is decorated with the likeness of Archduchess Sophie on her deathbed. A prayer book containing a manual inscription and dedication of the Archduchess was also placed in Baroness Meduna's crypt chapel:", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jakkur is a suburb in the northern part of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Located on the eastern side of the National Highway 44 between Yelahanka and Hebbal. Primarily a residential locality the area is also known for the Jakkur Aerodrome ,Jakkur lake, and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. Jakkur Aerodrome spread over 200 acres, opened in 1948 is now a pilot training school.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jakkur is also a historic locality of Bengaluru as testified by the 4 inscriptions and, hero stones there. This article is about these inscriptions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The four inscriptions are:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From these inscriptions we learn that Jakkur is at least as old as from the 9th -10th century. These inscriptions also informs us that Jakkur Lake, regarded as one of the biggest lakes of Bangalore, existed even seven centuries ago.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Two herostones, one a self-sacrifice memorial stone from the 14th century and another a Maha-Satistone from 16th-17th centuries are also found at Jakkur.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Though this inscription is related to a Allalanatha temple in Jakkur, it is tragic that the 600-year-old Allalanatha temple of Jakkur is not traceable today.", "title": "Jakkur 1432 CE God Allalanatha Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The inscription was discovered in December 2021 by the side of a road by citizen researchers K R Narasimhan and Dhanpal Manchenahalli. Subsequently the inscription has been shifted to a nearby ground. The installation date of the inscription in the Julian Roman calendar 10 April 1432 (Indian Calendar- Paridhavi Samvatsara and Chaitra Shukla 10).", "title": "Discovery and Dating" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The inscription is on a granite stone is 62 centimeter, 33 centimeter wide and 17 centimeter thick. On the right side of the stone is an inscription in nine lines, On the left side there is an relief of the Vishnu Chakra and on the front there is a sculpture of Anjaneya standing with hands folded in the Anjani mudra. Anjaneya sculptured pillar is related with Vaishnava temple, it can be said that the wheel is the Sudarshan Chakra of Vishnu.", "title": "Characteristic of stone" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The Inscription is in Kannada language and Kannada script of the fifteenth century.", "title": "Language and Script" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The inscription is of 9 lines and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST are as follows:", "title": "Transliteration and Translation of the Inscription in IAST and Modern Kannada" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "This inscription is a record of the donation of a Garuda pillar to a Allalanatha temple in 1432 CE. As the letters of the inscription are worn out, the full inscription is not readable.", "title": "Transliteration and Translation of the Inscription in IAST and Modern Kannada" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Jakkur is famous for some inscriptions in which this 1000 CE Kalnadu inscription is included.", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "From this inscription it can be known that Jakkur has a history of thousand years. As the stone is broken the full inscription is not available for reading the broken inscription seems to indicate Sanjayappa of this village sacrificed his life and his family was made some donation. Such grants were given so that the families of heroes who have fought for society or died to protect their village were financially supported. Such grants were called Kalnatu/Kalnadu.", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "This inscription was discovered by researchers K. R. Narasimhan and P. L. Udaya Kumar (23-Dec-2017).", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "This inscription belongs to about 10th century and is in Kannada language and kannada script.", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The stone on which this inscription is engraved is of granite, 75 cm height and 75 cm width, 15 cm thickness. The upper left corner of the stone is broken and only six lines of writing can be recognized.", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The inscription is of 6 lines and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST are as follows:", "title": "Jakkur 1000CE Kalnadu Inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Kalnadu was given to Sanjapayya of Sunnadu (small country) Jakkur, He who destroyed it the inscription records the curse that Kavile was killed in Varanasi. As the statute is vague, it is not possible to know the full gist.", "title": "Summary of the inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "The Jakkur Prashasti Inscription is an ancient and significant epigraphic record found in the village of Jakkur.", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "This inscription was discovered by KR Narasimhan and Dhanapal Manchenahalli. Then the stone was found buried in the soil. Later with the cooperation of locals Srikanthappa, Ravigowda, Nagarajappa, Srinivas to nearby KV Bhairegowda Kalamandir.(13°04'44.1'N 77°36'26.1°E)", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "There is no reference to time of this Inscription however, on paleographic grounds the inscription has been dated to the 10th century.", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "The inscription is of 5 lines, and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST is as follows", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "This inscription is engraved on a granite stone, The stone is 72cm tall 108cm wide and 15 thick. The front side of the stone has been dressed and prepared for inscribing while the back side is not prepared in anyway. The irregular edges of the stone indicate the stone has been broken.", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "The inscription is in 10th century Kannada script and language.", "title": "Reference" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "The inscription mentions a conflict between Ballavathirayanna, the ruler of Navalakka, and Birudasedeva of Gobetta. And at that time Jakkuru village belonged to Gangavadi ninety six thousand country.", "title": "Reference" } ]

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