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clapnq

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[ { "title": "Money (The Office)", "text": "In the episode , Jan , now living with Michael , forces costly changes in Michael 's life . This causes Michael to worry about his financial situation . To remedy the problem , Michael leaves work early for a late night job as a telemarketer until 1 a.m. When Ryan finds out , he forces Michael to quit , who then fears that there is no way in which he can support Jan and himself . He hops a train to run away , but Jan meets him and tells him that they can work together to find a way to live . Meanwhile , Dwight pines over Angela , who is later asked out by Andy . After a pep - talk by Jim , Dwight returns as his normal annoying self , to Jim 's pleasure . Pam and Jim visit Dwight 's family farm , which he has fashioned into a bed and breakfast . ", "sentences": [ "In the episode , Jan , now living with Michael , forces costly changes in Michael 's life .", "This causes Michael to worry about his financial situation .", "To remedy the problem , Michael leaves work early for a late night job as a telemarketer until 1 a.m. When Ryan finds out , he forces Michael to quit , who then fears that there is no way in which he can support Jan and himself .", "He hops a train to run away , but Jan meets him and tells him that they can work together to find a way to live .", "Meanwhile , Dwight pines over Angela , who is later asked out by Andy .", "After a pep - talk by Jim , Dwight returns as his normal annoying self , to Jim 's pleasure .", "Pam and Jim visit Dwight 's family farm , which he has fashioned into a bed and breakfast ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the episode Pam and Jim visit Dwight's family farm, which he has fashioned into a bed and breakfast.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the episode , Jan , now living with Michael , forces costly changes in Michael 's life .", "Pam and Jim visit Dwight 's family farm , which he has fashioned into a bed and breakfast ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Pam and Jim visit Dwight's family farm in the Money episode.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the episode , Jan , now living with Michael , forces costly changes in Michael 's life .", "Pam and Jim visit Dwight 's family farm , which he has fashioned into a bed and breakfast ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "I Have a Dream", "text": "Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation , which freed millions of slaves in 1863 , King observes that : `` one hundred years later , the Negro still is not free '' . Toward the end of the speech , King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration on the theme `` I have a dream '' , prompted by Mahalia Jackson 's cry : `` Tell them about the dream , Martin ! '' In this part of the speech , which most excited the listeners and has now become its most famous , King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred . Jon Meacham writes that , `` With a single phrase , Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and Lincoln in the ranks of men who 've shaped modern America '' . The speech was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century in a 1999 poll of scholars of public address . ", "sentences": [ "Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation , which freed millions of slaves in 1863 , King observes that : `` one hundred years later , the Negro still is not free '' .", "Toward the end of the speech , King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration on the theme `` I have a dream '' , prompted by Mahalia Jackson 's cry : `` Tell them about the dream , Martin ! ''", "In this part of the speech , which most excited the listeners and has now become its most famous , King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred .", "Jon Meacham writes that , `` With a single phrase , Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and Lincoln in the ranks of men who 've shaped modern America '' .", "The speech was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century in a 1999 poll of scholars of public address ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed millions of slaves in 1863, King observes that: ``one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free''. King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred. Jon Meacham writes that, ``With a single phrase, Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and Lincoln in the ranks of men who've shaped modern America''.", "selected_sentences": [ "Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation , which freed millions of slaves in 1863 , King observes that : `` one hundred years later , the Negro still is not free '' .", "In this part of the speech , which most excited the listeners and has now become its most famous , King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred .", "Jon Meacham writes that , `` With a single phrase , Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and Lincoln in the ranks of men who 've shaped modern America '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "King began it with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation and observed that one hundred years later, the Negro were still not free. Toward the end of the speech, King improvised peroration on the theme \"I have a dream\" and described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred.", "selected_sentences": [ "Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation , which freed millions of slaves in 1863 , King observes that : `` one hundred years later , the Negro still is not free '' .", "Toward the end of the speech , King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration on the theme `` I have a dream '' , prompted by Mahalia Jackson 's cry : `` Tell them about the dream , Martin ! ''", "In this part of the speech , which most excited the listeners and has now become its most famous , King described his dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred .", "Jon Meacham writes that , `` With a single phrase , Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and Lincoln in the ranks of men who 've shaped modern America '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Human musculoskeletal system", "text": "This system describes how bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments . The bones provide stability to the body . Muscles keep bones in place and also play a role in the movement of bones . To allow motion , different bones are connected by joints . Cartilage prevents the bone ends from rubbing directly onto each other . Muscles contract to move the bone attached at the joint . ", "sentences": [ "This system describes how bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments .", "The bones provide stability to the body .", "Muscles keep bones in place and also play a role in the movement of bones .", "To allow motion , different bones are connected by joints .", "Cartilage prevents the bone ends from rubbing directly onto each other .", "Muscles contract to move the bone attached at the joint ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments. The bones provide stability and muscles keep bones in place. To allow motion, different bones are connected by joints and muscles contract to move the bone attached at the joint.", "selected_sentences": [ "This system describes how bones are connected to other bones and muscle fibers via connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments .", "The bones provide stability to the body .", "Muscles keep bones in place and also play a role in the movement of bones .", "To allow motion , different bones are connected by joints .", "Muscles contract to move the bone attached at the joint ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Promotion (chess)", "text": "Promotion is a chess rule that requires a pawn that reaches its eighth rank to be immediately replaced by the player 's choice of a queen , knight , rook , or bishop of the same color . The new piece replaces the pawn on the same square , as part of the same move . The choice of new piece is not limited to pieces previously captured , thus promotion can result in a player owning , for example , two or more queens despite starting the game with one . Pawn promotion , or the threat of it , often decides the result in an endgame . Since the queen is the most powerful piece , the vast majority of promotions are to a queen . Promotion to a queen is often called queening ; promotion to any other piece is referred to as underpromotion ( Golombek 1977 ) . ", "sentences": [ "Promotion is a chess rule that requires a pawn that reaches its eighth rank to be immediately replaced by the player 's choice of a queen , knight , rook , or bishop of the same color .", "The new piece replaces the pawn on the same square , as part of the same move .", "The choice of new piece is not limited to pieces previously captured , thus promotion can result in a player owning , for example , two or more queens despite starting the game with one .", "Pawn promotion , or the threat of it , often decides the result in an endgame .", "Since the queen is the most powerful piece , the vast majority of promotions are to a queen .", "Promotion to a queen is often called queening ; promotion to any other piece is referred to as underpromotion ( Golombek 1977 ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Promotion is a chess rule that requires a pawn that reaches its eighth rank to be immediately replaced by the player's choice of a queen, knight, rook or bishop of the same color. The choice of new piece is not limited to pieces previously captured, thus promotion can result in a player owning, for example, two or more queens despite starting the game with one.", "selected_sentences": [ "Promotion is a chess rule that requires a pawn that reaches its eighth rank to be immediately replaced by the player 's choice of a queen , knight , rook , or bishop of the same color .", "The choice of new piece is not limited to pieces previously captured , thus promotion can result in a player owning , for example , two or more queens despite starting the game with one ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Institutional review board", "text": "An institutional review board ( IRB ) , also known as an independent ethics committee ( IEC ) , ethical review board ( ERB ) , or research ethics board ( REB ) , is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical . Such boards are formally designated to approve ( or reject ) , monitor , and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans . They often conduct some form of risk - benefit analysis in an attempt to determine whether or not research should be completed . The purpose of the IRB is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study . Along with developed countries , many developing countries have established National , regional or local Institutional Review Boards in order to safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and international norms , regulations or codes . ", "sentences": [ "An institutional review board ( IRB ) , also known as an independent ethics committee ( IEC ) , ethical review board ( ERB ) , or research ethics board ( REB ) , is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical .", "Such boards are formally designated to approve ( or reject ) , monitor , and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans .", "They often conduct some form of risk - benefit analysis in an attempt to determine whether or not research should be completed .", "The purpose of the IRB is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study .", "Along with developed countries , many developing countries have established National , regional or local Institutional Review Boards in order to safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and international norms , regulations or codes ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "An institutional review board (IRB) is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical. The purpose of the IRB is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study.", "selected_sentences": [ "An institutional review board ( IRB ) , also known as an independent ethics committee ( IEC ) , ethical review board ( ERB ) , or research ethics board ( REB ) , is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical .", "The purpose of the IRB is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "An institutional review board (IRB) applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical. It is designated to approve, monitor , and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans, and often conducts risk-benefit analysis to determine whether or not research should be completed. It is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study. It is also to safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and international norms , regulations or codes.", "selected_sentences": [ "An institutional review board ( IRB ) , also known as an independent ethics committee ( IEC ) , ethical review board ( ERB ) , or research ethics board ( REB ) , is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical .", "Such boards are formally designated to approve ( or reject ) , monitor , and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans .", "They often conduct some form of risk - benefit analysis in an attempt to determine whether or not research should be completed .", "The purpose of the IRB is to assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study .", "Along with developed countries , many developing countries have established National , regional or local Institutional Review Boards in order to safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and international norms , regulations or codes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "2 Fast 2 Furious", "text": "After letting Dominic Toretto escape from the authorities , Brian O'Conner relocates from Los Angeles to Miami and makes a living by participating in illegal street races . Tej Parker organizes a local street race , involving Suki , Orange Julius , and Slap Jack , however , the race lacks a fourth driver . Tej calls Brian , who agrees to be the fourth needed for the race . Brian wins , giving a few thousand of his winnings to Tej to show his gratitude . The police then arrive , forcing all the racers to flee . Watched by undercover U.S. Customs Service agent Monica Fuentes , Brian is caught by the agents . He is taken into custody , but given a deal by his former boss , FBI agent Bilkins , and Customs agent Markham , to go undercover and bring down Argentinian drug lord , Carter Verone in exchange for the erasure of his criminal record . Brian agrees , but only if he is given permission to choose his own partner . This prompts him to travel to Barstow , California , where he enlists the help of Roman Pearce , his childhood friend who served jail time for housing stolen cars in a garage . Roman , currently on parole , blames Brian for his arrest , but reluctantly agrees to help , but only for the same deal Brian was offered . Roman and Brian are later hired by Verone , who tasks the duo to obtain a package from a confiscated car located in a lot . Markham , who mistakenly thinks that the duo are trying to run away , follows them to the lot . However , Roman relents , and shoots at Markham to help maintain his cover . He later confronts him for interference with the mission . Brian is able to gain knowledge of the plan , however , and tells Bilkins that Verone is reportedly aiming to launder his money in Miami , before escaping on his private jet . ", "sentences": [ "After letting Dominic Toretto escape from the authorities , Brian O'Conner relocates from Los Angeles to Miami and makes a living by participating in illegal street races .", "Tej Parker organizes a local street race , involving Suki , Orange Julius , and Slap Jack , however , the race lacks a fourth driver .", "Tej calls Brian , who agrees to be the fourth needed for the race .", "Brian wins , giving a few thousand of his winnings to Tej to show his gratitude .", "The police then arrive , forcing all the racers to flee .", "Watched by undercover U.S. Customs Service agent Monica Fuentes , Brian is caught by the agents .", "He is taken into custody , but given a deal by his former boss , FBI agent Bilkins , and Customs agent Markham , to go undercover and bring down Argentinian drug lord , Carter Verone in exchange for the erasure of his criminal record .", "Brian agrees , but only if he is given permission to choose his own partner .", "This prompts him to travel to Barstow , California , where he enlists the help of Roman Pearce , his childhood friend who served jail time for housing stolen cars in a garage .", "Roman , currently on parole , blames Brian for his arrest , but reluctantly agrees to help , but only for the same deal Brian was offered .", "Roman and Brian are later hired by Verone , who tasks the duo to obtain a package from a confiscated car located in a lot .", "Markham , who mistakenly thinks that the duo are trying to run away , follows them to the lot .", "However , Roman relents , and shoots at Markham to help maintain his cover .", "He later confronts him for interference with the mission .", "Brian is able to gain knowledge of the plan , however , and tells Bilkins that Verone is reportedly aiming to launder his money in Miami , before escaping on his private jet ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Brian O'Conner relocates from Los Angeles to Miami, then travels to Barstow, California.", "selected_sentences": [ "After letting Dominic Toretto escape from the authorities , Brian O'Conner relocates from Los Angeles to Miami and makes a living by participating in illegal street races .", "This prompts him to travel to Barstow , California , where he enlists the help of Roman Pearce , his childhood friend who served jail time for housing stolen cars in a garage ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Exoplanet", "text": "An exoplanet ( UK : / ˈɛk. soʊˌplæn. ɪt / , US : / ˌɛk. soʊˈplæn. ɪt / ) or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system . The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917 , but was not recognized as such . However , the first scientific detection of an exoplanet was in 1988 , although it was not accepted as an exoplanet until later . The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992 . As of 1 August 2018 , there are 3,815 confirmed planets in 2,853 systems , with 633 systems having more than one planet . ", "sentences": [ "An exoplanet ( UK : / ˈɛk.", "soʊˌplæn.", "ɪt / , US : / ˌɛk.", "soʊˈplæn.", "ɪt / ) or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system .", "The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917 , but was not recognized as such .", "However , the first scientific detection of an exoplanet was in 1988 , although it was not accepted as an exoplanet until later .", "The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992 .", "As of 1 August 2018 , there are 3,815 confirmed planets in 2,853 systems , with 633 systems having more than one planet ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917, but was not recognized as such. The first scientific detection of an exoplanet was in 1988, although it was not accepted as an exoplanet until later. The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917 , but was not recognized as such .", "The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted in 1917, however , the first scientific detection of an exoplanet was in 1988 , but it was not accepted as an exoplanet until later. The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992 .", "selected_sentences": [ "The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917 , but was not recognized as such .", "However , the first scientific detection of an exoplanet was in 1988 , although it was not accepted as an exoplanet until later .", "The first confirmed detection occurred in 1992 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "United States Secret Service", "text": "With a reported one third of the currency in circulation being counterfeit at the time , the Secret Service was created on July 5 , 1865 in Washington , D.C. , to suppress counterfeit currency . Chief William P. Wood was sworn in by Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch . It was commissioned in Washington , D.C. as the `` Secret Service Division '' of the Department of the Treasury with the mission of suppressing counterfeiting . The legislation creating the agency was on Abraham Lincoln 's desk the night he was assassinated . At the time , the only other federal law enforcement agencies were the United States Park Police , the U.S. Post Office Department 's Office of Instructions and Mail Depredations ( now known as the United States Postal Inspection Service ) , and the U.S. Marshals Service . The Marshals did not have the manpower to investigate all crime under federal jurisdiction , so the Secret Service began to investigate everything from murder to bank robbery to illegal gambling . After the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901 , Congress informally requested that the Secret Service provide presidential protection . A year later , the Secret Service assumed full - time responsibility for presidential protection . In 1902 , William Craig became the first Secret Service agent to die while serving , in a road accident while riding in the presidential carriage . ", "sentences": [ "With a reported one third of the currency in circulation being counterfeit at the time , the Secret Service was created on July 5 , 1865 in Washington , D.C. , to suppress counterfeit currency .", "Chief William P. Wood was sworn in by Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch .", "It was commissioned in Washington , D.C. as the `` Secret Service Division '' of the Department of the Treasury with the mission of suppressing counterfeiting .", "The legislation creating the agency was on Abraham Lincoln 's desk the night he was assassinated .", "At the time , the only other federal law enforcement agencies were the United States Park Police , the U.S. Post Office Department 's Office of Instructions and Mail Depredations ( now known as the United States Postal Inspection Service ) , and the U.S. Marshals Service .", "The Marshals did not have the manpower to investigate all crime under federal jurisdiction , so the Secret Service began to investigate everything from murder to bank robbery to illegal gambling .", "After the assassination of President William McKinley in 1901 , Congress informally requested that the Secret Service provide presidential protection .", "A year later , the Secret Service assumed full - time responsibility for presidential protection .", "In 1902 , William Craig became the first Secret Service agent to die while serving , in a road accident while riding in the presidential carriage ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The legislation creating the agency was on Abraham Lincoln's desk the night he was assassinated. With a reported one third of the currency in circulation being counterfeit at the time, the Secret Service was created on July 5, 1865 in Washington, D.C., to suppress counterfeit currency. Chief William P. Wood was sworn in by Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch.", "selected_sentences": [ "With a reported one third of the currency in circulation being counterfeit at the time , the Secret Service was created on July 5 , 1865 in Washington , D.C. , to suppress counterfeit currency .", "The legislation creating the agency was on Abraham Lincoln 's desk the night he was assassinated ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Iran crisis of 1946", "text": "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran , those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities . However , when this deadline came in early 1946 , the Soviets , under Joseph Stalin , remained in Iran and local pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed a separatist People 's Republic of Azerbaijan . In late 1945 , in addition to the People 's Republic of Azerbaijan , the Republic of Mahabad also came into existence , fueled by Kurdish separatists . Soon , the alliance of the Kurdish and People 's Azerbaijani forces , supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union , engaged in fighting with Iranian forces , resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties . Negotiation by Iranian premier Ahmad Qavam and diplomatic pressure on the Soviets by the United States eventually led to Soviet withdrawal and dissolution of the separatist Azeri and Kurdish states . The crisis is seen as one of the early conflicts in the growing Cold War at the time . ", "sentences": [ "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran , those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities .", "However , when this deadline came in early 1946 , the Soviets , under Joseph Stalin , remained in Iran and local pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed a separatist People 's Republic of Azerbaijan .", "In late 1945 , in addition to the People 's Republic of Azerbaijan , the Republic of Mahabad also came into existence , fueled by Kurdish separatists .", "Soon , the alliance of the Kurdish and People 's Azerbaijani forces , supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union , engaged in fighting with Iranian forces , resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties .", "Negotiation by Iranian premier Ahmad Qavam and diplomatic pressure on the Soviets by the United States eventually led to Soviet withdrawal and dissolution of the separatist Azeri and Kurdish states .", "The crisis is seen as one of the early conflicts in the growing Cold War at the time ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran, those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities, but the Soviets, under Joseph Stalin, remained in Iran. Soon, the alliance of the Kurdish and People's Azerbaijani forces, supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union, engaged in fighting with Iranian forces. Diplomatic pressure on the Soviets by the United States eventually led to Soviet withdrawal and dissolution of the separatist Azeri and Kurdish states.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran , those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities .", "However , when this deadline came in early 1946 , the Soviets , under Joseph Stalin , remained in Iran and local pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed a separatist People 's Republic of Azerbaijan .", "Soon , the alliance of the Kurdish and People 's Azerbaijani forces , supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union , engaged in fighting with Iranian forces , resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties .", "Negotiation by Iranian premier Ahmad Qavam and diplomatic pressure on the Soviets by the United States eventually led to Soviet withdrawal and dissolution of the separatist Azeri and Kurdish states ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran, the Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities, but the Soviets remained in Iran. Soon, the alliance of the Kurdish and People's Azerbaijani forces, supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union, engaged in fighting with Iranian forces resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran , those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities .", "However , when this deadline came in early 1946 , the Soviets , under Joseph Stalin , remained in Iran and local pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed a separatist People 's Republic of Azerbaijan .", "Soon , the alliance of the Kurdish and People 's Azerbaijani forces , supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union , engaged in fighting with Iranian forces , resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Lucky Spencer", "text": "Lucky Spencer is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera , General Hospital . He is the son of legendary supercouple , Luke and Laura Spencer , played by Anthony Geary and Genie Francis . His birth having been announced on - screen in 1985 , a ten - year - old Lucky was cast in 1993 , played by newcomer at the time , Jonathan Jackson . Jackson left the series in 1999 , and the character was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan , who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role . Lucky 's characterization changed throughout the different portrayers ; originally a street - smart con artist , Lucky develops an edge during Young 's tenure and more drastically changes during Vaughan 's portrayal , as Lucky becomes a struggling police officer . With Jackson 's reprisal , Lucky begins showing some of the character 's original quick - witted qualities , but after a series of harrowing storylines , Jackson left the series in December 2011 and the role was not recast. Jackson briefly reprised the role in July 2015 . ", "sentences": [ "Lucky Spencer is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera , General Hospital .", "He is the son of legendary supercouple , Luke and Laura Spencer , played by Anthony Geary and Genie Francis .", "His birth having been announced on - screen in 1985 , a ten - year - old Lucky was cast in 1993 , played by newcomer at the time , Jonathan Jackson .", "Jackson left the series in 1999 , and the character was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan , who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role .", "Lucky 's characterization changed throughout the different portrayers ; originally a street - smart con artist , Lucky develops an edge during Young 's tenure and more drastically changes during Vaughan 's portrayal , as Lucky becomes a struggling police officer .", "With Jackson 's reprisal , Lucky begins showing some of the character 's original quick - witted qualities , but after a series of harrowing storylines , Jackson left the series in December 2011 and the role was not recast.", "Jackson briefly reprised the role in July 2015 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Lucky Spencer, a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera, General Hospital, was played by Jonathan Jackson, Jacob Young and Greg Vaughan.", "selected_sentences": [ "Lucky Spencer is a fictional character from the ABC Daytime soap opera , General Hospital .", "His birth having been announced on - screen in 1985 , a ten - year - old Lucky was cast in 1993 , played by newcomer at the time , Jonathan Jackson .", "Jackson left the series in 1999 , and the character was played by Jacob Young and later Greg Vaughan , who was let go in 2009 to allow Jackson to reprise the role ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Three wise monkeys", "text": "The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th - century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō - gū shrine in Nikkō , Japan . The carvings at Toshogu Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro , and believed to have incorporated Confucius 's Code of Conduct , using the monkey as a way to depict man 's life cycle . There are a total of eight panels , and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2 . The philosophy , however , probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend , from China in the 8th century ( Nara Period ) . It has been suggested that the figures represent the three dogmas of the so - called middle school of the sect . ", "sentences": [ "The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th - century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō - gū shrine in Nikkō , Japan .", "The carvings at Toshogu Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro , and believed to have incorporated Confucius 's Code of Conduct , using the monkey as a way to depict man 's life cycle .", "There are a total of eight panels , and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2 .", "The philosophy , however , probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend , from China in the 8th century ( Nara Period ) .", "It has been suggested that the figures represent the three dogmas of the so - called middle school of the sect ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The philosophy of the Three wise monkeys probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend, from China in the 8th century. The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th - century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō - gū shrine in Nikkō, Japan.", "selected_sentences": [ "The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th - century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō - gū shrine in Nikkō , Japan .", "The philosophy , however , probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend , from China in the 8th century ( Nara Period ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "A 17th - century carving by Hidari Jingoro over a door of Toshogu Shrine in Nikkō , Japan and believed to have incorporated Confucius 's Code of Conduct , using the monkey as a way to depict man 's life cycle, where the iconic three wise monkeys are in panel 2 from a total of 8 panels. The philosophy probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend , from China in the 8th century.", "selected_sentences": [ "The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th - century carving over a door of the famous Tōshō - gū shrine in Nikkō , Japan .", "The carvings at Toshogu Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro , and believed to have incorporated Confucius 's Code of Conduct , using the monkey as a way to depict man 's life cycle .", "There are a total of eight panels , and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2 .", "The philosophy , however , probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai - Buddhist legend , from China in the 8th century ( Nara Period ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Polycrystalline silicon", "text": "Polysilicon is produced from metallurgical grade silicon by a chemical purification process , called the Siemens process . This process involves distillation of volatile silicon compounds , and their decomposition into silicon at high temperatures . An emerging , alternative process of refinement uses a fluidized bed reactor . The photovoltaic industry also produces upgraded metallurgical - grade silicon ( UMG - Si ) , using metallurgical instead of chemical purification processes . When produced for the electronics industry , polysilicon contains impurity levels of less than one part per billion ( ppb ) , while polycrystalline solar grade silicon ( SoG - Si ) is generally less pure . A few companies from China , Germany , Japan , Korea and the United States , such as GCL - Poly , Wacker Chemie , OCI , and Hemlock Semiconductor , as well as the Norwegian headquartered REC , accounted for most of the worldwide production of about 230,000 tonnes in 2013 . ", "sentences": [ "Polysilicon is produced from metallurgical grade silicon by a chemical purification process , called the Siemens process .", "This process involves distillation of volatile silicon compounds , and their decomposition into silicon at high temperatures .", "An emerging , alternative process of refinement uses a fluidized bed reactor .", "The photovoltaic industry also produces upgraded metallurgical - grade silicon ( UMG - Si ) , using metallurgical instead of chemical purification processes .", "When produced for the electronics industry , polysilicon contains impurity levels of less than one part per billion ( ppb ) , while polycrystalline solar grade silicon ( SoG - Si ) is generally less pure .", "A few companies from China , Germany , Japan , Korea and the United States , such as GCL - Poly , Wacker Chemie , OCI , and Hemlock Semiconductor , as well as the Norwegian headquartered REC , accounted for most of the worldwide production of about 230,000 tonnes in 2013 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Polysilicon is produced from metallurgical grade silicon by a chemical purification process. When produced for the electronics industry, polysilicon contains impurity levels of less than one part per billion, while polycrystalline solar grade silicon is generally less pure. A few companies from China, Germany, Japan, Korea and the United States accounted for most of the worldwide production.", "selected_sentences": [ "Polysilicon is produced from metallurgical grade silicon by a chemical purification process , called the Siemens process .", "When produced for the electronics industry , polysilicon contains impurity levels of less than one part per billion ( ppb ) , while polycrystalline solar grade silicon ( SoG - Si ) is generally less pure .", "A few companies from China , Germany , Japan , Korea and the United States , such as GCL - Poly , Wacker Chemie , OCI , and Hemlock Semiconductor , as well as the Norwegian headquartered REC , accounted for most of the worldwide production of about 230,000 tonnes in 2013 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "We Are the World", "text": "`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together . It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' . The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' . `` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse . Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together . Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus . Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge . This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' . `` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram . ", "sentences": [ "`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together .", "It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' .", "The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' .", "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .", "Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .", "Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .", "Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .", "This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' .", "`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner, Billy Joel, Michael Jackson, Diana Ross, Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson, Al Jarreau, Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry, Daryl Hall, Jackson, Huey Lewis, Cyndi Lauper, Kim Carnes, Bob Dylan, Ray Charles, Stevie Wonder, Charles and Ingram .", "selected_sentences": [ "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .", "Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .", "Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .", "Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .", "`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "We Are the World was sung by: Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner, Billy Joel, Michael Jackson, Diana Ross, Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson, Al Jarreau, Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry, Daryl Hall, Huey Lewis, Cyndi Lauper, Kim Carnes, Bob Dylan and Ray Charles.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .", "Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .", "Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .", "Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .", "`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Ed Whitlock", "text": "Whitlock , who ran as a teenager and took up the sport again in his forties , first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000 , at the age of 69 , with a time of 2 : 52 : 47 . He later extended this record , running a time of 2 : 58 : 40 at the age of 74 . At 73 , he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74 , running a 2 : 54 : 48 , his fastest time after turning 70 . According to an article in The New York Times , if age - graded , this time would be equivalent to a 20 - year - old running 2 : 03 : 57 and which would have been the fastest marathon ever run in 2010 . For an explanation of age - graded tables , see masters athletics . At the time of his death , Whitlock was known to be the only person over 70 to run a marathon in less than three hours . At age 85 , he became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than four hours at 3 hours , 56 minutes 34 seconds at the Toronto Waterfront Marathon in October 2016 . ", "sentences": [ "Whitlock , who ran as a teenager and took up the sport again in his forties , first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000 , at the age of 69 , with a time of 2 : 52 : 47 .", "He later extended this record , running a time of 2 : 58 : 40 at the age of 74 .", "At 73 , he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74 , running a 2 : 54 : 48 , his fastest time after turning 70 .", "According to an article in The New York Times , if age - graded , this time would be equivalent to a 20 - year - old running 2 : 03 : 57 and which would have been the fastest marathon ever run in 2010 .", "For an explanation of age - graded tables , see masters athletics .", "At the time of his death , Whitlock was known to be the only person over 70 to run a marathon in less than three hours .", "At age 85 , he became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than four hours at 3 hours , 56 minutes 34 seconds at the Toronto Waterfront Marathon in October 2016 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Ed Whitlock, who ran as a teenager and took up the sport again in his forties, first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000, at the age of 69, with a time of 2 : 52 : 47. At 73, he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74, running a 2 : 54 : 48, his fastest time after turning 70.", "selected_sentences": [ "Whitlock , who ran as a teenager and took up the sport again in his forties , first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000 , at the age of 69 , with a time of 2 : 52 : 47 .", "At 73 , he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74 , running a 2 : 54 : 48 , his fastest time after turning 70 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Ed Whitlock, first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000, at the age of 69, with a time of 2 : 52 : 47. At 73, he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74, running a 2 : 54 : 48, his fastest time after turning 70.", "selected_sentences": [ "Whitlock , who ran as a teenager and took up the sport again in his forties , first became the oldest person to run a marathon in less than three hours in 2000 , at the age of 69 , with a time of 2 : 52 : 47 .", "At 73 , he set a world record in the marathon for men 70 to 74 , running a 2 : 54 : 48 , his fastest time after turning 70 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "O'Hare station", "text": "O'Hare is the ' L ' station at the northwestern terminus of the CTA 's Blue Line . It is a subway station with two island platforms serving three tracks , located at O'Hare International Airport , 17 miles ( 27 km ) northwest of the Chicago Loop . The station is located underneath the O'Hare parking garage . Trains are scheduled to depart from O'Hare roughly every 2 -- 7 minutes during rush - hour periods and take about 40 minutes to travel to the Loop . It is the westernmost station of the ' L ' system . It is also the only CTA station without coordinates in Chicago 's grid system , as O'Hare lines up with no street in the city . It is the only CTA terminal located in a subway and also is the only terminal where a premium fare applies and is the only terminal that does not directly connect to any CTA or Pace buses . It is also one of two terminals ( the other being Dempster - Skokie on the Yellow Line ) that does not have a yard assigned to it ( the yard is located at Rosemont ) . ", "sentences": [ "O'Hare is the ' L ' station at the northwestern terminus of the CTA 's Blue Line .", "It is a subway station with two island platforms serving three tracks , located at O'Hare International Airport , 17 miles ( 27 km ) northwest of the Chicago Loop .", "The station is located underneath the O'Hare parking garage .", "Trains are scheduled to depart from O'Hare roughly every 2 -- 7 minutes during rush - hour periods and take about 40 minutes to travel to the Loop .", "It is the westernmost station of the ' L ' system .", "It is also the only CTA station without coordinates in Chicago 's grid system , as O'Hare lines up with no street in the city .", "It is the only CTA terminal located in a subway and also is the only terminal where a premium fare applies and is the only terminal that does not directly connect to any CTA or Pace buses .", "It is also one of two terminals ( the other being Dempster - Skokie on the Yellow Line ) that does not have a yard assigned to it ( the yard is located at Rosemont ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The station is located underneath the O'Hare parking garage and lines up with no street in the city.", "selected_sentences": [ "The station is located underneath the O'Hare parking garage .", "It is also the only CTA station without coordinates in Chicago 's grid system , as O'Hare lines up with no street in the city ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "O'Hare is the ' L ' station, a subway station located at O'Hare International Airport, at the northwestern terminus of the CTA 's Blue Line .", "selected_sentences": [ "O'Hare is the ' L ' station at the northwestern terminus of the CTA 's Blue Line .", "It is a subway station with two island platforms serving three tracks , located at O'Hare International Airport , 17 miles ( 27 km ) northwest of the Chicago Loop ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Auburn University traditions", "text": "After their planting in 1937 , two massive old - growth oak trees hung over the corner . A tradition developed in which , whenever there was cause for celebration in the Auburn community , the trees were festooned with toilet paper . Also known as `` rolling the corner '' or `` rolling Toomer 's , '' the tradition is often said to have begun when Toomer 's Drugs had the only telegraph in the city . During away football games , when employees of the local drug store received news of a win , they would throw the ticker tape from the telegraph onto the power lines . The apocryphal ticker tape origins are frequently taught prospective students and incoming freshman in various orientation activities , though there is zero evidence to support the theory . The corner likely first began to be rolled at least semi-regularly in the late 1960s or early 1970s . The massive celebration at Toomer 's Corner following Auburn 's win in the 1972 Iron Bowl ( the so - called `` Punt , Bama , Punt '' game ) is often cited as the first time the corner was rolled ; however , by that time fans had been rolling the corner for at least a year . Mainly used as a way to celebrate football victories , the tradition became a way to celebrate anything good that happened involving Auburn . The Student Government Association worked with the City of Auburn to bring pep rallies on the plains back to Toomer 's Corner during football season . ", "sentences": [ "After their planting in 1937 , two massive old - growth oak trees hung over the corner .", "A tradition developed in which , whenever there was cause for celebration in the Auburn community , the trees were festooned with toilet paper .", "Also known as `` rolling the corner '' or `` rolling Toomer 's , '' the tradition is often said to have begun when Toomer 's Drugs had the only telegraph in the city .", "During away football games , when employees of the local drug store received news of a win , they would throw the ticker tape from the telegraph onto the power lines .", "The apocryphal ticker tape origins are frequently taught prospective students and incoming freshman in various orientation activities , though there is zero evidence to support the theory .", "The corner likely first began to be rolled at least semi-regularly in the late 1960s or early 1970s .", "The massive celebration at Toomer 's Corner following Auburn 's win in the 1972 Iron Bowl ( the so - called `` Punt , Bama , Punt '' game ) is often cited as the first time the corner was rolled ; however , by that time fans had been rolling the corner for at least a year .", "Mainly used as a way to celebrate football victories , the tradition became a way to celebrate anything good that happened involving Auburn .", "The Student Government Association worked with the City of Auburn to bring pep rallies on the plains back to Toomer 's Corner during football season ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A tradition known as `` rolling the corner '' or `` rolling Toomer's'' is often said to have begun when Toomer's Drugs had the only telegraph in the city. The corner likely first began to be rolled at least semi-regularly in the late 1960s or early 1970s. The massive celebration at Toomer's Corner following Auburn's win in the 1972 Iron Bowl is often cited as the first time the corner was rolled; however, by that time fans had been rolling the corner for at least a year.", "selected_sentences": [ "A tradition developed in which , whenever there was cause for celebration in the Auburn community , the trees were festooned with toilet paper .", "Also known as `` rolling the corner '' or `` rolling Toomer 's , '' the tradition is often said to have begun when Toomer 's Drugs had the only telegraph in the city .", "The corner likely first began to be rolled at least semi-regularly in the late 1960s or early 1970s .", "The massive celebration at Toomer 's Corner following Auburn 's win in the 1972 Iron Bowl ( the so - called `` Punt , Bama , Punt '' game ) is often cited as the first time the corner was rolled ; however , by that time fans had been rolling the corner for at least a year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Praying (song)", "text": "`` Praying '' is a song recorded by American singer Kesha for her third studio album Rainbow ( 2017 ) . It was made available for digital download by Kemosabe Records on July 6 , 2017 as the record 's lead single . The track originates from Ryan Lewis , who contacted Kesha and offered her the song . `` Praying '' was written by the singer with Ben Abraham , Andrew Joslyn , and its producer , Lewis . Musically , the song is a gospel and soul - influenced pop piano ballad that features minimal production and accompaniment from violins , backing vocals and drums . Inspired by suicidal thoughts she has had in the past , Kesha said that `` Praying '' is about `` hoping everyone , even someone who hurt you , can heal '' . `` Praying '' was written to showcase the singer 's vocal range and to represent her as a person , and also features her nearly screaming at the top of her register . Various reviewers suggested that the song is about Dr. Luke , whom Kesha accused of sexual assault and emotional abuse in a lawsuit , although Luke is never mentioned in the song by name . ", "sentences": [ "`` Praying '' is a song recorded by American singer Kesha for her third studio album Rainbow ( 2017 ) .", "It was made available for digital download by Kemosabe Records on July 6 , 2017 as the record 's lead single .", "The track originates from Ryan Lewis , who contacted Kesha and offered her the song .", "`` Praying '' was written by the singer with Ben Abraham , Andrew Joslyn , and its producer , Lewis .", "Musically , the song is a gospel and soul - influenced pop piano ballad that features minimal production and accompaniment from violins , backing vocals and drums .", "Inspired by suicidal thoughts she has had in the past , Kesha said that `` Praying '' is about `` hoping everyone , even someone who hurt you , can heal '' .", "`` Praying '' was written to showcase the singer 's vocal range and to represent her as a person , and also features her nearly screaming at the top of her register .", "Various reviewers suggested that the song is about Dr. Luke , whom Kesha accused of sexual assault and emotional abuse in a lawsuit , although Luke is never mentioned in the song by name ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "``Praying'' was written by the singer Kesha with Ben Abraham, Andrew Joslyn, and its producer, Lewis.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` Praying '' is a song recorded by American singer Kesha for her third studio album Rainbow ( 2017 ) .", "`` Praying '' was written by the singer with Ben Abraham , Andrew Joslyn , and its producer , Lewis ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Blackstone River", "text": "The river is formed in Worcester , Massachusetts by the confluence of the Middle River and Mill Brook . From there , it follows a rough southeast course through Millbury , Sutton , Grafton , Northbridge , Uxbridge , Millville , and Blackstone . It then continues into Rhode Island , where it flows through Woonsocket , Cumberland , Lincoln , Central Falls , and Pawtucket , where the river then reaches Pawtucket Falls . After that , the river becomes tidal , and flows into the Seekonk River just north of Providence . Other tributaries join the Blackstone along the way , such as the West and Mumford River , at Uxbridge , and The Branch River in North Smithfield . ", "sentences": [ "The river is formed in Worcester , Massachusetts by the confluence of the Middle River and Mill Brook .", "From there , it follows a rough southeast course through Millbury , Sutton , Grafton , Northbridge , Uxbridge , Millville , and Blackstone .", "It then continues into Rhode Island , where it flows through Woonsocket , Cumberland , Lincoln , Central Falls , and Pawtucket , where the river then reaches Pawtucket Falls .", "After that , the river becomes tidal , and flows into the Seekonk River just north of Providence .", "Other tributaries join the Blackstone along the way , such as the West and Mumford River , at Uxbridge , and The Branch River in North Smithfield ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Blackstone River is formed in Worcester , Massachusetts, and it flows into the Seekonk River just north of Providence .", "selected_sentences": [ "The river is formed in Worcester , Massachusetts by the confluence of the Middle River and Mill Brook .", "After that , the river becomes tidal , and flows into the Seekonk River just north of Providence ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cheruthoni Dam", "text": "The water impounded by these three dams of Idukki , Cheruthoni & Kulamavu has formed a single reservoir spread over 60 sq.km on a height of 2300 ft above Mean Sea Level . The Idukki Dam is a double curvature arch dam constructed across Periyar River in a narrow gorge between two granite hills and is the tallest double curvature arch dam in Asia. Cheruthoni Dam is located 1 km west of Idukki dam . The spill way of the Idukki Reservoir is in the Cheruthoni dam . Kulamavu Dam was constructed to prevent the water escape through a rivulet called Kilivally , 30 km west to Idukki Arch Dam . It is a 100 metres tall Masonry gravity dam . Construction of this Cheruthoni Dam , Idukki Arch Dam and Kulamavu Dam created an artificial lake of 60 km and the water stored , is used for production of electricity at the Moolamattom Power house . The power house at Moolamattom is the biggest underground power station in India and the pressure shaft is the largest in the country . Cheruthoni is the largest and highest gravity dam in Kerala . Storage of water in Idukki Reservoir started in February , 1973 . Moolamattom Power Station was Commissioned in February 1976 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi . ", "sentences": [ "The water impounded by these three dams of Idukki , Cheruthoni & Kulamavu has formed a single reservoir spread over 60 sq.km on a height of 2300 ft above Mean Sea Level .", "The Idukki Dam is a double curvature arch dam constructed across Periyar River in a narrow gorge between two granite hills and is the tallest double curvature arch dam in Asia.", "Cheruthoni Dam is located 1 km west of Idukki dam .", "The spill way of the Idukki Reservoir is in the Cheruthoni dam .", "Kulamavu Dam was constructed to prevent the water escape through a rivulet called Kilivally , 30 km west to Idukki Arch Dam .", "It is a 100 metres tall Masonry gravity dam .", "Construction of this Cheruthoni Dam , Idukki Arch Dam and Kulamavu Dam created an artificial lake of 60 km and the water stored , is used for production of electricity at the Moolamattom Power house .", "The power house at Moolamattom is the biggest underground power station in India and the pressure shaft is the largest in the country .", "Cheruthoni is the largest and highest gravity dam in Kerala .", "Storage of water in Idukki Reservoir started in February , 1973 .", "Moolamattom Power Station was Commissioned in February 1976 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Idukki Dam is the tallest double curvature arch dam in Asia. Cheruthoni is the largest and highest gravity dam in Kerala.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Idukki Dam is a double curvature arch dam constructed across Periyar River in a narrow gorge between two granite hills and is the tallest double curvature arch dam in Asia.", "Cheruthoni is the largest and highest gravity dam in Kerala ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Languages with official status in India", "text": "The Constitution of India designates the official language of the Government of India as Hindi written in the Devanagari script , as well as English . There is no national language as declared by the Constitution of India . Hindi and English are used for official purposes such as parliamentary proceedings , judiciary , communications between the Central Government and a State Government . States within India have the liberty and powers to specify their own official language ( s ) through legislation and therefore there are 22 officially recognized languages in India of which Hindi is the most used . The number of native Hindi speakers ranges between 14.5 and 24.5 % in total Indian population , however , other dialects of Hindi termed as Hindi languages are spoken by nearly 45 % of Indians , mostly accounted from the states falling under the Hindi belt . Other Indian languages are each spoken by around 10 % or less of the population . ", "sentences": [ "The Constitution of India designates the official language of the Government of India as Hindi written in the Devanagari script , as well as English .", "There is no national language as declared by the Constitution of India .", "Hindi and English are used for official purposes such as parliamentary proceedings , judiciary , communications between the Central Government and a State Government .", "States within India have the liberty and powers to specify their own official language ( s ) through legislation and therefore there are 22 officially recognized languages in India of which Hindi is the most used .", "The number of native Hindi speakers ranges between 14.5 and 24.5 % in total Indian population , however , other dialects of Hindi termed as Hindi languages are spoken by nearly 45 % of Indians , mostly accounted from the states falling under the Hindi belt .", "Other Indian languages are each spoken by around 10 % or less of the population ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Constitution of India designates the official language of the Government of India as Hindi written in the Devanagari script, as well as English. There is no national language as declared by the Constitution of India. States within India have the liberty and powers to specify their own official language (s) through legislation.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Constitution of India designates the official language of the Government of India as Hindi written in the Devanagari script , as well as English .", "There is no national language as declared by the Constitution of India .", "States within India have the liberty and powers to specify their own official language ( s ) through legislation and therefore there are 22 officially recognized languages in India of which Hindi is the most used ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Titanic (1997 film)", "text": "Upon its release on December 19 , 1997 , Titanic achieved critical and commercial success . Nominated for 14 Academy Awards , it tied All About Eve ( 1950 ) for the most Oscar nominations , and won 11 , including the awards for Best Picture and Best Director , tying Ben - Hur ( 1959 ) for the most Oscars won by a single film . With an initial worldwide gross of over $1.84 billion , Titanic was the first film to reach the billion - dollar mark . It remained the highest - grossing film of all time until Cameron 's Avatar surpassed it in 2010 . A 3D version of Titanic , released on April 4 , 2012 to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $343.6 million worldwide , pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion and making it the second film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ) . In 2017 , the film was re-released for its 20th anniversary and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . ", "sentences": [ "Upon its release on December 19 , 1997 , Titanic achieved critical and commercial success .", "Nominated for 14 Academy Awards , it tied All About Eve ( 1950 ) for the most Oscar nominations , and won 11 , including the awards for Best Picture and Best Director , tying Ben - Hur ( 1959 ) for the most Oscars won by a single film .", "With an initial worldwide gross of over $1.84 billion , Titanic was the first film to reach the billion - dollar mark .", "It remained the highest - grossing film of all time until Cameron 's Avatar surpassed it in 2010 .", "A 3D version of Titanic , released on April 4 , 2012 to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $343.6 million worldwide , pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion and making it the second film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ) .", "In 2017 , the film was re-released for its 20th anniversary and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "With an initial worldwide gross of over $1.84 billion , Titanic was the first film to reach the billion - dollar mark .A 3D version of Titanic , released on April 4 , 2012 to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $343.6 million worldwide , pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion.", "selected_sentences": [ "With an initial worldwide gross of over $1.84 billion , Titanic was the first film to reach the billion - dollar mark .", "A 3D version of Titanic , released on April 4 , 2012 to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $343.6 million worldwide , pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion and making it the second film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Its initial worldwide gross was over $1.84 billion and an additional $343.6 million worldwide was earned by its 3D version, pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion.", "selected_sentences": [ "With an initial worldwide gross of over $1.84 billion , Titanic was the first film to reach the billion - dollar mark .", "A 3D version of Titanic , released on April 4 , 2012 to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $343.6 million worldwide , pushing the film 's worldwide total to $2.18 billion and making it the second film to gross more than $2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Mycenaean Greece", "text": "The usual form of burial during this period was inhumation . The earliest Mycenaean burials were mostly in individual graves in the form of a pit or a stone - lined cist and offerings were limited to pottery and occasional items of jewellery . Groups of pit or cist graves containing elite members of the community were sometimes covered by a tumulus ( mound ) in the manner established since the Middle Helladic . It has been argued that this form dates back to the Kurgan culture ; however , Mycenaean burials are in actuality an indigenous development of mainland Greece with the Shaft Graves housing native rulers . Pit and cist graves remained in use for single burials throughout the Mycenaean period alongside more elaborate family graves . The shaft graves at Mycenae within Grave Circles A and B belonging to the same period represent an alternative manner of grouping elite burials . Next to the deceased were found full sets of weapons , ornate staffs as well as gold and silver cups and other valuable objects which point to their social rank . Treasury ", "sentences": [ "The usual form of burial during this period was inhumation .", "The earliest Mycenaean burials were mostly in individual graves in the form of a pit or a stone - lined cist and offerings were limited to pottery and occasional items of jewellery .", "Groups of pit or cist graves containing elite members of the community were sometimes covered by a tumulus ( mound ) in the manner established since the Middle Helladic .", "It has been argued that this form dates back to the Kurgan culture ; however , Mycenaean burials are in actuality an indigenous development of mainland Greece with the Shaft Graves housing native rulers .", "Pit and cist graves remained in use for single burials throughout the Mycenaean period alongside more elaborate family graves .", "The shaft graves at Mycenae within Grave Circles A and B belonging to the same period represent an alternative manner of grouping elite burials .", "Next to the deceased were found full sets of weapons , ornate staffs as well as gold and silver cups and other valuable objects which point to their social rank .", "Treasury" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The earliest Mycenaean burials were mostly in individual graves in the form of a pit or a stone - lined cist and offerings were limited to pottery and occasional items of jewellery. Mycenaean burials are in actuality an indigenous development of mainland Greece with the Shaft Graves housing native rulers .", "selected_sentences": [ "The earliest Mycenaean burials were mostly in individual graves in the form of a pit or a stone - lined cist and offerings were limited to pottery and occasional items of jewellery .", "It has been argued that this form dates back to the Kurgan culture ; however , Mycenaean burials are in actuality an indigenous development of mainland Greece with the Shaft Graves housing native rulers ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Transduction (physiology)", "text": "In the auditory system , sound vibrations ( mechanical energy ) are transduced into electrical energy by hair cells in the inner ear . Sound vibrations from an object cause vibrations in air molecules , which in turn , vibrate your ear drum . The movement of the eardrum causes the bones of your middle ear ( the ossicles ) to vibrate . These vibrations then pass in to the cochlea , the organ of hearing . Within the cochlea , the hair cells on the sensory epithelium of the organ of Corti bend and cause movement of the basilar membrane . The membrane undulates in different sized waves according to the frequency of the sound . Hair cells are then able to convert this movement ( mechanical energy ) into electrical signals ( graded receptor potentials ) which travel along auditory nerves to hearing centres in the brain . ", "sentences": [ "In the auditory system , sound vibrations ( mechanical energy ) are transduced into electrical energy by hair cells in the inner ear .", "Sound vibrations from an object cause vibrations in air molecules , which in turn , vibrate your ear drum .", "The movement of the eardrum causes the bones of your middle ear ( the ossicles ) to vibrate .", "These vibrations then pass in to the cochlea , the organ of hearing .", "Within the cochlea , the hair cells on the sensory epithelium of the organ of Corti bend and cause movement of the basilar membrane .", "The membrane undulates in different sized waves according to the frequency of the sound .", "Hair cells are then able to convert this movement ( mechanical energy ) into electrical signals ( graded receptor potentials ) which travel along auditory nerves to hearing centres in the brain ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the auditory system, hair cells convert the mechanical energy into electrical signals (graded receptor potentials) which travel along auditory nerves to hearing centres in the brain.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the auditory system , sound vibrations ( mechanical energy ) are transduced into electrical energy by hair cells in the inner ear .", "Hair cells are then able to convert this movement ( mechanical energy ) into electrical signals ( graded receptor potentials ) which travel along auditory nerves to hearing centres in the brain ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)", "text": "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom , offering their assistance in securing filming locations , the use of Leavesden Film Studios , as well as changing the UK 's child labour laws ( adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on - set classes more flexible ) . Warner Bros. accepted their proposal . Filming began on 17 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July . Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station . Canterbury Cathedral and Scotland 's Inverailort Castle were both touted as possible locations for Hogwarts ; Canterbury rejected Warner Bros. proposal due to concerns about the film 's `` pagan '' theme . Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School . Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes . Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library . Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire . Filming in the street took two days instead of the planned single day , so payments to the street 's residents were correspondingly increased . For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location . London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room . London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies . The ", "sentences": [ "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom , offering their assistance in securing filming locations , the use of Leavesden Film Studios , as well as changing the UK 's child labour laws ( adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on - set classes more flexible ) .", "Warner Bros. accepted their proposal .", "Filming began on 17 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July .", "Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station .", "Canterbury Cathedral and Scotland 's Inverailort Castle were both touted as possible locations for Hogwarts ; Canterbury rejected Warner Bros. proposal due to concerns about the film 's `` pagan '' theme .", "Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School .", "Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes .", "Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library .", "Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire .", "Filming in the street took two days instead of the planned single day , so payments to the street 's residents were correspondingly increased .", "For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location .", "London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room .", "London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies .", "The" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Filming began on 17 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios. Principal photography took place at North Yorkshire's Goathland railway station. Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts, with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School. Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral. Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing, and Duke Humfrey's Library, part of the Bodleian. Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell, Berkshire. London's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank, while Christ Church, Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room. London Zoo and King's Cross Station were used as well.", "selected_sentences": [ "Filming began on 17 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July .", "Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station .", "Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School .", "Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes .", "Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library .", "Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire .", "For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location .", "London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room .", "London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone was filmed at Leavesden Film Studios, at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station, at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station , in Privet Drive, in Leavesden Film Studios , at London 's Australia House, at Christ Church , Oxford , and at Christ Church , Oxford .", "selected_sentences": [ "Filming began on 17 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July .", "Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station .", "Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School .", "Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes .", "Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library .", "Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire .", "For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location .", "London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room .", "London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Costa Maya", "text": "Costa Maya is a small tourist region in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico , the only state bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east . This municipality is close to Chetumal ( capital of the state ) on the border with Belize . The area was generally undeveloped but has been growing rapidly since construction of a large pier to accommodate cruise ships . Costa Maya is also the name of a subdivision near the village of Mahahual . The beach extends from Xcalak in the south to the southern border of Sian Ka'an in the north , a distance of approximately 100 kilometers ( 62 mi ) . The ", "sentences": [ "Costa Maya is a small tourist region in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico , the only state bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east .", "This municipality is close to Chetumal ( capital of the state ) on the border with Belize .", "The area was generally undeveloped but has been growing rapidly since construction of a large pier to accommodate cruise ships .", "Costa Maya is also the name of a subdivision near the village of Mahahual .", "The beach extends from Xcalak in the south to the southern border of Sian Ka'an in the north , a distance of approximately 100 kilometers ( 62 mi ) .", "The" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Costa Maya is a small tourist region in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico , the only state bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east .\r\nThe beach extends from Xcalak in the south to the southern border of Sian Ka'an in the north.", "selected_sentences": [ "Costa Maya is a small tourist region in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico , the only state bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east .", "The beach extends from Xcalak in the south to the southern border of Sian Ka'an in the north , a distance of approximately 100 kilometers ( 62 mi ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Costa Maya is in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico, and it is bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east. The municipality is close to Chetumal on the border with Belize.", "selected_sentences": [ "Costa Maya is a small tourist region in the municipality of Othón P. Blanco in the state of Quintana Roo , Mexico , the only state bounded by the Caribbean Sea to its east .", "This municipality is close to Chetumal ( capital of the state ) on the border with Belize ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Monkey's uncle", "text": "The term monkey 's uncle , most notably seen in the idiom `` ( well ) I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' , is used to express complete surprise , amazement or disbelief . It can also be used to acknowledge the impossibility of a situation , in the same way that `` pigs might fly '' is used . An example is if one says : `` I may agree that if two plus two equals five , then I am a monkey 's uncle '' . `` I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' has been said to date from after 1925 , the date of the widely publicized Scopes Trial in the United States , where the term first appears . The Oxford English Dictionary 's earliest example is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925 . It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists . The notion `` that ( people ) were descended from apes was considered blasphemous ... by Darwin 's contemporaries '' , and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use . ", "sentences": [ "The term monkey 's uncle , most notably seen in the idiom `` ( well ) I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' , is used to express complete surprise , amazement or disbelief .", "It can also be used to acknowledge the impossibility of a situation , in the same way that `` pigs might fly '' is used .", "An example is if one says : `` I may agree that if two plus two equals five , then I am a monkey 's uncle '' .", "`` I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' has been said to date from after 1925 , the date of the widely publicized Scopes Trial in the United States , where the term first appears .", "The Oxford English Dictionary 's earliest example is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925 .", "It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists .", "The notion `` that ( people ) were descended from apes was considered blasphemous ... by Darwin 's contemporaries '' , and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The earliest example of the term monkey 's uncle, seen in the idiom \"I 'll be a monkey 's uncle\", is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925. The phrase was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists. The notion that people were descended from apes was considered blasphemous, and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use.", "selected_sentences": [ "The term monkey 's uncle , most notably seen in the idiom `` ( well ) I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' , is used to express complete surprise , amazement or disbelief .", "The Oxford English Dictionary 's earliest example is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925 .", "It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists .", "The notion `` that ( people ) were descended from apes was considered blasphemous ... by Darwin 's contemporaries '' , and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pro Football Hall of Fame Game", "text": "The two teams that play in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game are typically selected by the league in advance of the remainder of the preseason schedule . The participants are usually announced around the time that the new Hall of Fame members are announced , which coincides with Super Bowl week . Often if a particularly notable player will be entering the Hall of Fame that year a team they were strongly associated with may be selected to play in the game to help maximize attendance and publicity of the game itself . Since 1971 , the opponents for each game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team . In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year . An all - NFC matchup was scheduled for 2011 , but it was canceled due to the 2011 NFL lockout ; the following year , another intra-conference matchup of two NFC teams took its place . Since 2012 , both competing teams in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year . ", "sentences": [ "The two teams that play in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game are typically selected by the league in advance of the remainder of the preseason schedule .", "The participants are usually announced around the time that the new Hall of Fame members are announced , which coincides with Super Bowl week .", "Often if a particularly notable player will be entering the Hall of Fame that year a team they were strongly associated with may be selected to play in the game to help maximize attendance and publicity of the game itself .", "Since 1971 , the opponents for each game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team .", "In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year .", "An all - NFC matchup was scheduled for 2011 , but it was canceled due to the 2011 NFL lockout ; the following year , another intra-conference matchup of two NFC teams took its place .", "Since 2012 , both competing teams in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Since 1971 , the opponents for each Pro Football Hall of Fame Game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team . In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titansand the Buffalo Bills was inducted into the Hall that year . In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year .", "selected_sentences": [ "Since 1971 , the opponents for each game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team .", "In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year .", "Since 2012 , both competing teams in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Since 1971, the opponents for each Pro Football Hall of Fame Game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team. In 2009, as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League, the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL, the Tennessee Titansand the Buffalo Bills was inducted into the Hall that year. Since 2012, both competing teams in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year.", "selected_sentences": [ "Since 1971 , the opponents for each game have traditionally included one AFC team and one NFC team .", "In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year .", "Since 2012 , both competing teams in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "First Battle of the Marne", "text": "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I. By the end of August 1914 , the whole Allied army on the Western Front had been forced into a general retreat back towards Paris . Meanwhile , the two main German armies continued through France . It seemed that Paris would be taken as both the French and the British fell back towards the Marne River . The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne . It was the first major clash on the Western Front and one of the most important single events in the entire war . The German retreat left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins and Germany had no hope of a quick victory in France . Its army was left to fight a long war on two fronts . ", "sentences": [ "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I.", "By the end of August 1914 , the whole Allied army on the Western Front had been forced into a general retreat back towards Paris .", "Meanwhile , the two main German armies continued through France .", "It seemed that Paris would be taken as both the French and the British fell back towards the Marne River .", "The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne .", "It was the first major clash on the Western Front and one of the most important single events in the entire war .", "The German retreat left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins and Germany had no hope of a quick victory in France .", "Its army was left to fight a long war on two fronts ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I. It seemed that Paris would be taken as the two main German armies continued through France. The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne, and it was one of the most important single events in the entire war. The German retreat left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins.", "selected_sentences": [ "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I.", "Meanwhile , the two main German armies continued through France .", "It seemed that Paris would be taken as both the French and the British fell back towards the Marne River .", "The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne .", "It was the first major clash on the Western Front and one of the most important single events in the entire war .", "The German retreat left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins and Germany had no hope of a quick victory in France ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I. The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne, and it was one of the most important single events in the entire war.", "selected_sentences": [ "The battle of the Marne was a major turning point of World War I.", "Meanwhile , the two main German armies continued through France .", "It seemed that Paris would be taken as both the French and the British fell back towards the Marne River .", "The war became a stalemate when the Allied Powers won the Battle of the Marne .", "It was the first major clash on the Western Front and one of the most important single events in the entire war .", "The German retreat left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins and Germany had no hope of a quick victory in France ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Gangnam Beauty", "text": "Gangnam Beauty ( Hangul : 내 아이디 는 강남 미인 ; RR : Nae Aidineun Gangnammiin ; lit . My ID is Gangnam Beauty ) is a 2018 South Korean television series starring Im Soo - hyang , Cha Eun - woo , Jo Woo - ri and Kwak Dong - yeon . The series is based on the webtoon of the same name published in 2016 by Naver Webtoon . It premiered on JTBC on July 27 , 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23 : 00 ( KST ) . ", "sentences": [ "Gangnam Beauty ( Hangul : 내 아이디 는", "강남 미인 ; RR : Nae Aidineun Gangnammiin ; lit .", "My ID is Gangnam Beauty )", "is a 2018 South Korean television series starring Im Soo - hyang , Cha Eun - woo , Jo Woo - ri and Kwak Dong - yeon .", "The series is based on the webtoon of the same name published in 2016 by Naver Webtoon .", "It premiered on JTBC on July 27 , 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23 : 00 ( KST ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "My ID is Gangnam Beauty is a 2018 South Korean television series premiered on JTBC on July 27, 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23: 00 (KST).", "selected_sentences": [ "My ID is Gangnam Beauty )", "is a 2018 South Korean television series starring Im Soo - hyang , Cha Eun - woo , Jo Woo - ri and Kwak Dong - yeon .", "It premiered on JTBC on July 27 , 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23 : 00 ( KST ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "My ID is Gangnam Beauty premiered on JTBC on July 27 , 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23 : 00 ( KST ) .", "selected_sentences": [ "My ID is Gangnam Beauty )", "It premiered on JTBC on July 27 , 2018 and aired every Friday and Saturday at 23 : 00 ( KST ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Killing Season (film)", "text": "The project was originally set in the 1970s and titled Shrapnel . It was being considered by John Travolta and Nicolas Cage as a project to follow up on their film Face / Off and by director John McTiernan as a directing vehicle . Subsequently renamed and modified to take place in modern - day Appalachia , and co-financed and co-produced by Corsan , Nu Image and Millennium Films , filming began on January 16 , 2012 , in the Appalachian Mountains of north Georgia . Major filming was scheduled for Tallulah Gorge State Park and Black Rock Mountain State Park . The locations in Rabun County were chosen by director Mark Steven Johnson to create the effect and mood he had previously seen in the film Deliverance . Other minor filming locations included Sofia , Bulgaria , Sweetwater Creek State Park , and the Pine Mountain Gold Museum in Stockmar Park , Villa Rica . International sales for Killing Season , offered by the American Film Market , commenced on November 2 , 2011 , in Santa Monica . American cellist / singer / songwriter Ben Sollee contributed solo cello performances as well as an original song , `` Letting Go '' , for the end credits . ", "sentences": [ "The project was originally set in the 1970s and titled Shrapnel .", "It was being considered by John Travolta and Nicolas Cage as a project to follow up on their film Face / Off and by director John McTiernan as a directing vehicle .", "Subsequently renamed and modified to take place in modern - day Appalachia , and co-financed and co-produced by Corsan , Nu Image and Millennium Films , filming began on January 16 , 2012 , in the Appalachian Mountains of north Georgia .", "Major filming was scheduled for Tallulah Gorge State Park and Black Rock Mountain State Park .", "The locations in Rabun County were chosen by director Mark Steven Johnson to create the effect and mood he had previously seen in the film Deliverance .", "Other minor filming locations included Sofia , Bulgaria , Sweetwater Creek State Park , and the Pine Mountain Gold Museum in Stockmar Park , Villa Rica .", "International sales for Killing Season , offered by the American Film Market , commenced on November 2 , 2011 , in Santa Monica .", "American cellist / singer / songwriter Ben Sollee contributed solo cello performances as well as an original song , `` Letting Go '' , for the end credits ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The filming was in the Appalachian Mountains of north Georgia, Tallulah Gorge State Park and Black Rock Mountain State Park, Sweetwater Creek State Park , and the Pine Mountain Gold Museum in Stockmar Park in Villa Rica, and in Sofia , Bulgaria.", "selected_sentences": [ "Subsequently renamed and modified to take place in modern - day Appalachia , and co-financed and co-produced by Corsan , Nu Image and Millennium Films , filming began on January 16 , 2012 , in the Appalachian Mountains of north Georgia .", "Major filming was scheduled for Tallulah Gorge State Park and Black Rock Mountain State Park .", "Other minor filming locations included Sofia , Bulgaria , Sweetwater Creek State Park , and the Pine Mountain Gold Museum in Stockmar Park , Villa Rica ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Addicks Reservoir", "text": "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10 . It extends slightly north of Clay Road , and between Barker - Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east . State Highway 6 bisects the reservoir north to south . In addition to the Reservoir 's flood damage reduction mission , recreation and nature observation opportunities abound through the approximately 26,000 acres ( 105 km2 ) of land that makes up Addicks and Barker reservoirs , which are often dry wooded areas in normal times . The West Houston Airport is located within the western edge of the Addicks reservoir , between Barker - Cypress Road and State Highway 6 . ", "sentences": [ "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10 .", "It extends slightly north of Clay Road , and between Barker - Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east .", "State Highway 6 bisects the reservoir north to south .", "In addition to the Reservoir 's flood damage reduction mission , recreation and nature observation opportunities abound through the approximately 26,000 acres ( 105 km2 ) of land that makes up Addicks and Barker reservoirs , which are often dry wooded areas in normal times .", "The West Houston Airport is located within the western edge of the Addicks reservoir , between Barker - Cypress Road and State Highway 6 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10. It extends slightly north of Clay Road and between Barker-Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east. State Highway 6 bisects the reservoir north to south. The West Houston Airport is located within the western edge of the Addicks reservoir, between Barker-Cypress Road and State Highway 6.", "selected_sentences": [ "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10 .", "It extends slightly north of Clay Road , and between Barker - Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east .", "State Highway 6 bisects the reservoir north to south .", "The West Houston Airport is located within the western edge of the Addicks reservoir , between Barker - Cypress Road and State Highway 6 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10. It extends slightly north of Clay Road and between Barker-Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east.", "selected_sentences": [ "Addicks Reservoir is situated on the north side of Interstate 10 .", "It extends slightly north of Clay Road , and between Barker - Cypress Road to the west and Sam Houston Tollway to the east ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "German Shepherd", "text": "The German Shepherd ( German : Deutscher Schäferhund , German pronunciation : ( ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt ) ) is a breed of medium to large - sized working dog that originated in Germany . The breed 's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language ( sometimes abbreviated as GSD ) . The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland . The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog , with their origin dating to 1899 . As part of the Herding Group , German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep . Since that time however , because of their strength , intelligence , trainability , and obedience , German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work , including disability assistance , search - and - rescue , police and military roles , and even acting . The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom . ", "sentences": [ "The German Shepherd ( German : Deutscher Schäferhund , German pronunciation : ( ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt ) ) is a breed of medium to large - sized working dog that originated in Germany .", "The breed 's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language ( sometimes abbreviated as GSD ) .", "The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland .", "The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog , with their origin dating to 1899 .", "As part of the Herding Group , German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep .", "Since that time however , because of their strength , intelligence , trainability , and obedience , German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work , including disability assistance , search - and - rescue , police and military roles , and even acting .", "The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The German Shepherd originated in Germany. It was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "selected_sentences": [ "The German Shepherd ( German : Deutscher Schäferhund , German pronunciation : ( ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt ) ) is a breed of medium to large - sized working dog that originated in Germany .", "The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "People Are Crazy", "text": "`` People Are Crazy '' centralizes on the male narrator and an old man whom he meets in a bar . In the first verse , the two of them converse , which leads to the old man saying , `` God is great , beer is good / And people are crazy . '' They continue to converse throughout the second verse as well before parting ways . In the third verse , some time has passed , and the narrator reads the old man 's obituary in the paper . He discovers that the now dead old man was a millionaire and `` left his fortune to / Some guy he barely knew '' ( i.e. , the narrator ) . After this discovery , the narrator also declares that `` people are crazy . '' The song has a 4 / 4 time signature and a moderate tempo , and is set in the key of F major , using a main chord pattern of F -- C -- Dm -- B ♭ . Currington 's vocals range from B ♭ 3 to D5 . ", "sentences": [ "`` People Are Crazy '' centralizes on the male narrator and an old man whom he meets in a bar .", "In the first verse , the two of them converse , which leads to the old man saying , `` God is great , beer is good /", "And people are crazy . ''", "They continue to converse throughout the second verse as well before parting ways .", "In the third verse , some time has passed , and the narrator reads the old man 's obituary in the paper .", "He discovers that the now dead old man was a millionaire and `` left his fortune to / Some guy he barely knew '' ( i.e. , the narrator ) .", "After this discovery , the narrator also declares that `` people are crazy . ''", "The song has a 4 / 4 time signature and a moderate tempo , and is set in the key of F major , using a main chord pattern of F -- C -- Dm -- B ♭ .", "Currington 's vocals range from B ♭ 3 to D5 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The song `` People Are Crazy '' has a 4 / 4 time signature and a moderate tempo, using a main chord pattern of F -- C -- Dm -- B ♭, and Currington's vocals range from B ♭ 3 to D5.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` People Are Crazy '' centralizes on the male narrator and an old man whom he meets in a bar .", "In the first verse , the two of them converse , which leads to the old man saying , `` God is great , beer is good /", "The song has a 4 / 4 time signature and a moderate tempo , and is set in the key of F major , using a main chord pattern of F -- C -- Dm -- B ♭ .", "Currington 's vocals range from B ♭ 3 to D5 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Munich Agreement", "text": "The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany 's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country 's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers , for which a new territorial designation `` Sudetenland '' was coined . The agreement was signed in the early hours of 30 September 1938 ( but dated 29 September ) after being negotiated at a conference held in Munich , Germany , among the major powers of Europe , excluding the Soviet Union . Today , it is widely regarded as a failed act of appeasement toward Germany . The purpose of the conference was to discuss the future of the Sudetenland in the face of ethnic demands made by Adolf Hitler . The agreement was signed by Germany , France , the United Kingdom and Italy . Sudetenland was of immense strategic importance to Czechoslovakia , as most of its border defenses , and banks were situated there , as well as heavy industrial districts . Part of the borderland was occupied and annexed by Poland . ", "sentences": [ "The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany 's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country 's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers , for which a new territorial designation `` Sudetenland '' was coined .", "The agreement was signed in the early hours of 30 September 1938 ( but dated 29 September ) after being negotiated at a conference held in Munich , Germany , among the major powers of Europe , excluding the Soviet Union .", "Today , it is widely regarded as a failed act of appeasement toward Germany .", "The purpose of the conference was to discuss the future of the Sudetenland in the face of ethnic demands made by Adolf Hitler .", "The agreement was signed by Germany , France , the United Kingdom and Italy .", "Sudetenland was of immense strategic importance to Czechoslovakia , as most of its border defenses , and banks were situated there , as well as heavy industrial districts .", "Part of the borderland was occupied and annexed by Poland ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers, for which a new territorial designation ``Sudetenland'' was coined. The purpose of the conference was to discuss the future of the Sudetenland in the face of ethnic demands made by Adolf Hitler. Today, it is widely regarded as a failed act of appeasement toward Germany.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany 's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country 's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers , for which a new territorial designation `` Sudetenland '' was coined .", "Today , it is widely regarded as a failed act of appeasement toward Germany .", "The purpose of the conference was to discuss the future of the Sudetenland in the face of ethnic demands made by Adolf Hitler ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Book of Numbers", "text": "Numbers begins at Mount Sinai , where the Israelites have received their laws and covenant from God and God has taken up residence among them in the sanctuary . The task before them is to take possession of the Promised Land . The people are counted and preparations are made for resuming their march . The Israelites begin the journey , but they `` murmur '' at the hardships along the way , and about the authority of Moses and Aaron . For these acts , God destroys approximately 15,000 of them through various means . They arrive at the borders of Canaan and send spies into the land . Upon hearing the spies ' fearful report concerning the conditions in Canaan , the Israelites refuse to take possession of it . God condemns them to death in the wilderness until a new generation can grow up and carry out the task . The book ends with the new generation of Israelites in the Plain of Moab ready for the crossing of the Jordan River . ", "sentences": [ "Numbers begins at Mount Sinai , where the Israelites have received their laws and covenant from God and God has taken up residence among them in the sanctuary .", "The task before them is to take possession of the Promised Land .", "The people are counted and preparations are made for resuming their march .", "The Israelites begin the journey , but they `` murmur '' at the hardships along the way , and about the authority of Moses and Aaron .", "For these acts , God destroys approximately 15,000 of them through various means .", "They arrive at the borders of Canaan and send spies into the land .", "Upon hearing the spies ' fearful report concerning the conditions in Canaan , the Israelites refuse to take possession of it .", "God condemns them to death in the wilderness until a new generation can grow up and carry out the task .", "The book ends with the new generation of Israelites in the Plain of Moab ready for the crossing of the Jordan River ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Numbers begins at Mount Sinai and the task is to take possession of the Promised Land. The book ends with the new generation of Israelites in the Plain of Moab ready for the crossing of the Jordan River.", "selected_sentences": [ "Numbers begins at Mount Sinai , where the Israelites have received their laws and covenant from God and God has taken up residence among them in the sanctuary .", "The task before them is to take possession of the Promised Land .", "The book ends with the new generation of Israelites in the Plain of Moab ready for the crossing of the Jordan River ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Castillo de San Marcos", "text": "The Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States . Located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine , Florida , the fort was designed by the Spanish engineer Ignacio Daza . Construction began in 1672 , 107 years after the city 's founding by Spanish Admiral and conquistador Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , when Florida was part of the Spanish Empire . The fort 's construction was ordered by Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega after the destructive raid by the English privateer Robert Searles in 1668 . Work proceeded under the administration of Guerra 's successor , Manuel de Cendoya in 1671 , and the first coquina stones were laid in 1672 . The construction of the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695 , though it would undergo many alterations and renovations over the centuries . ", "sentences": [ "The Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States .", "Located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine , Florida , the fort was designed by the Spanish engineer Ignacio Daza .", "Construction began in 1672 , 107 years after the city 's founding by Spanish Admiral and conquistador Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , when Florida was part of the Spanish Empire .", "The fort 's construction was ordered by Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega after the destructive raid by the English privateer Robert Searles in 1668 .", "Work proceeded under the administration of Guerra 's successor , Manuel de Cendoya in 1671 , and the first coquina stones were laid in 1672 .", "The construction of the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695 , though it would undergo many alterations and renovations over the centuries ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States, located in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. Construction began in 1672 and the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States .", "Located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine , Florida , the fort was designed by the Spanish engineer Ignacio Daza .", "Construction began in 1672 , 107 years after the city 's founding by Spanish Admiral and conquistador Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , when Florida was part of the Spanish Empire .", "The construction of the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695 , though it would undergo many alterations and renovations over the centuries ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Blue in Green", "text": "It has long been speculated that pianist Bill Evans wrote `` Blue in Green '' , even though the LP and most jazz fakebooks credit only Davis with its composition . In his autobiography , Davis maintains that he alone composed the songs on Kind of Blue . The version on Evans ' trio album Portrait in Jazz , recorded in 1959 , credits the tune to `` Davis - Evans '' . Earl Zindars , in an interview conducted by Win Hinkle , said that `` Blue in Green '' was 100 - percent written by Bill Evans . In a radio interview broadcast on May 27 , 1979 , Evans himself said that he had written the song . On being asked about the issue by interviewer Marian McPartland , he said : `` The truth is I did ( write the music ) ... I do n't want to make a federal case out of it , the music exists , and Miles is getting the royalties ... '' Evans recounted that when he suggested that he was entitled to a share of the royalties , Davis wrote him a check for 25 dollars . ", "sentences": [ "It has long been speculated that pianist Bill Evans wrote `` Blue in Green '' , even though the LP and most jazz fakebooks credit only Davis with its composition .", "In his autobiography , Davis maintains that he alone composed the songs on Kind of Blue .", "The version on Evans ' trio album Portrait in Jazz , recorded in 1959 , credits the tune to `` Davis - Evans '' .", "Earl Zindars , in an interview conducted by Win Hinkle , said that `` Blue in Green '' was 100 - percent written by Bill Evans .", "In a radio interview broadcast on May 27 , 1979 , Evans himself said that he had written the song .", "On being asked about the issue by interviewer Marian McPartland , he said : `` The truth is I did ( write the music ) ...", "I do n't want to make a federal case out of it , the music exists , and Miles is getting the royalties ... ''", "Evans recounted that when he suggested that he was entitled to a share of the royalties , Davis wrote him a check for 25 dollars ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It has long been speculated that pianist Bill Evans wrote ``Blue in Green'', even though the LP and most jazz fakebooks credit only Davis with its composition. In his autobiography, Davis maintains that he alone composed the songs on Kind of Blue. Evans himself said that he had written the song. Evans recounted that when he suggested that he was entitled to a share of the royalties, Davis wrote him a check for 25 dollars.", "selected_sentences": [ "It has long been speculated that pianist Bill Evans wrote `` Blue in Green '' , even though the LP and most jazz fakebooks credit only Davis with its composition .", "In his autobiography , Davis maintains that he alone composed the songs on Kind of Blue .", "In a radio interview broadcast on May 27 , 1979 , Evans himself said that he had written the song .", "Evans recounted that when he suggested that he was entitled to a share of the royalties , Davis wrote him a check for 25 dollars ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory", "text": "Principal photography commenced on August 31 , 1970 , and ended on November 19 , 1970 . The primary shooting location was Munich , Bavaria , West Germany , because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States and the setting was conducive to Wonka 's factory ; Stuart also liked the ambiguity and unfamiliarity of the location . External shots of the factory were filmed at the gasworks of Stadtwerke München ( Emmy - Noether - Straße 10 ) ; the entrance and side buildings still exist . The exterior of Charlie Bucket 's house , which was only a set constructed for the film , was filmed at Quellenstraße in Munich , Bavaria . Charlie 's school was filmed at Katholisches Pfarramt St. Sylvester , Biedersteiner Straße 1 in Munich . Bill 's Candy Shop was filmed at Lilienstraße , Munich . The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria . ", "sentences": [ "Principal photography commenced on August 31 , 1970 , and ended on November 19 , 1970 .", "The primary shooting location was Munich , Bavaria , West Germany , because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States and the setting was conducive to Wonka 's factory ; Stuart also liked the ambiguity and unfamiliarity of the location .", "External shots of the factory were filmed at the gasworks of Stadtwerke München ( Emmy - Noether - Straße 10 ) ; the entrance and side buildings still exist .", "The exterior of Charlie Bucket 's house , which was only a set constructed for the film , was filmed at Quellenstraße in Munich , Bavaria .", "Charlie 's school was filmed at Katholisches Pfarramt St. Sylvester , Biedersteiner Straße 1 in Munich .", "Bill 's Candy Shop was filmed at Lilienstraße , Munich .", "The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The primary shooting location was Munich, West Germany, because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States. The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria.", "selected_sentences": [ "The primary shooting location was Munich , Bavaria , West Germany , because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States and the setting was conducive to Wonka 's factory ; Stuart also liked the ambiguity and unfamiliarity of the location .", "The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The primary shooting location was Munich, Bavaria, West Germany, because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States. The locations include the gasworks of Stadtwerke München, Quellenstraße in Munich, Bavaria, Katholisches Pfarramt St. Sylvester, Biedersteiner Straße 1, and Lilienstraße in Munich. The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria.", "selected_sentences": [ "The primary shooting location was Munich , Bavaria , West Germany , because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States and the setting was conducive to Wonka 's factory ; Stuart also liked the ambiguity and unfamiliarity of the location .", "External shots of the factory were filmed at the gasworks of Stadtwerke München ( Emmy - Noether - Straße 10 ) ; the entrance and side buildings still exist .", "The exterior of Charlie Bucket 's house , which was only a set constructed for the film , was filmed at Quellenstraße in Munich , Bavaria .", "Charlie 's school was filmed at Katholisches Pfarramt St. Sylvester , Biedersteiner Straße 1 in Munich .", "Bill 's Candy Shop was filmed at Lilienstraße , Munich .", "The closing sequence when the Wonkavator is flying above the factory is footage of Nördlingen in Bavaria ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Indirect rule", "text": "Indirect rule was cheaper and easier for the European powers , and in particular it required fewer administrators , but it did have a number of problems . In many cases , European authorities empowered local traditional leaders , as in the case of the monarchy of Uganda , but if no suitable leader could be found ( in the traditional Western sense of the term ) , the Europeans would simply choose local rulers to suit them . This was the case in Kenya and Southern Nigeria , and the new leaders , often called `` warrant chiefs '' , were not always supported by the local population . The European ruling classes also often chose local leaders with similar traits to their own , despite these traits not being suited to native leadership . Many were conservative elders , and thus indirect rule fostered a conservative outlook among the indigenous population and marginalised the young intelligentsia . Written laws , which replaced oral laws , were less flexible to the changing social nature , old customs of retribution and justice were removed or banned , and the removal of more violent punishments in some areas led to an increase in crime . Furthermore , leaders empowered by the governments of European powers were often not familiar with their new tasks , such as recruitment and tax . ", "sentences": [ "Indirect rule was cheaper and easier for the European powers , and in particular it required fewer administrators , but it did have a number of problems .", "In many cases , European authorities empowered local traditional leaders , as in the case of the monarchy of Uganda , but if no suitable leader could be found ( in the traditional Western sense of the term ) , the Europeans would simply choose local rulers to suit them .", "This was the case in Kenya and Southern Nigeria , and the new leaders , often called `` warrant chiefs '' , were not always supported by the local population .", "The European ruling classes also often chose local leaders with similar traits to their own , despite these traits not being suited to native leadership .", "Many were conservative elders , and thus indirect rule fostered a conservative outlook among the indigenous population and marginalised the young intelligentsia .", "Written laws , which replaced oral laws , were less flexible to the changing social nature , old customs of retribution and justice were removed or banned , and the removal of more violent punishments in some areas led to an increase in crime .", "Furthermore , leaders empowered by the governments of European powers were often not familiar with their new tasks , such as recruitment and tax ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Indirect rule was cheaper and easier for the European powers, and in particular it required fewer administrators, but it did have a number of problems as they were not always supported by the local population. Many chosen by the European ruling classes were conservative elders, and thus indirect rule fostered a conservative outlook among the indigenous population and marginalized the young intelligentsia.", "selected_sentences": [ "Indirect rule was cheaper and easier for the European powers , and in particular it required fewer administrators , but it did have a number of problems .", "This was the case in Kenya and Southern Nigeria , and the new leaders , often called `` warrant chiefs '' , were not always supported by the local population .", "The European ruling classes also often chose local leaders with similar traits to their own , despite these traits not being suited to native leadership .", "Many were conservative elders , and thus indirect rule fostered a conservative outlook among the indigenous population and marginalised the young intelligentsia ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Minnesota Twins", "text": "The name `` Twins '' was derived from the popular name of the region , the Twin Cities ( Minneapolis and St. Paul ) . The NBA 's Minneapolis Lakers had relocated to Los Angeles in 1960 due to poor attendance which was believed to have been caused in part by the reluctance of fans in St. Paul to support the team . Griffith was determined not to alienate fans in either city by naming the team after one city or the other , so his desire was to name the team the `` Twin Cities Twins '' , however MLB objected . Griffith therefore named the team the Minnesota Twins . However , the team was allowed to keep its original `` TC '' ( for Twin Cities ) insignia for its caps . The team 's logo shows two men , one in a Minneapolis Millers uniform and one in a St. Paul Saints uniform , shaking hands across the Mississippi River within an outline of the state of Minnesota . The `` TC '' remained on the Twins ' caps until 1987 , when they adopted new uniforms . By this time , the team felt it was established enough to put an `` M '' on its cap without having St. Paul fans think it stood for Minneapolis . The `` TC '' logo was moved to a sleeve on the jerseys , and occasionally appeared as an alternate cap design . Both the `` TC '' and `` Minnie & Paul '' logos remain the team 's primary insignia . As of 2010 , the `` TC '' logo has been reinstated on the cap as their logo . 1960s ", "sentences": [ "The name `` Twins '' was derived from the popular name of the region , the Twin Cities ( Minneapolis and St. Paul ) .", "The NBA 's Minneapolis Lakers had relocated to Los Angeles in 1960 due to poor attendance which was believed to have been caused in part by the reluctance of fans in St. Paul to support the team .", "Griffith was determined not to alienate fans in either city by naming the team after one city or the other , so his desire was to name the team the `` Twin Cities Twins '' , however MLB objected .", "Griffith therefore named the team the Minnesota Twins .", "However , the team was allowed to keep its original `` TC '' ( for Twin Cities ) insignia for its caps .", "The team 's logo shows two men , one in a Minneapolis Millers uniform and one in a St. Paul Saints uniform , shaking hands across the Mississippi River within an outline of the state of Minnesota .", "The `` TC '' remained on the Twins ' caps until 1987 , when they adopted new uniforms .", "By this time , the team felt it was established enough to put an `` M '' on its cap without having St. Paul fans think it stood for Minneapolis .", "The `` TC '' logo was moved to a sleeve on the jerseys , and occasionally appeared as an alternate cap design .", "Both the `` TC '' and `` Minnie & Paul '' logos remain the team 's primary insignia .", "As of 2010 , the `` TC '' logo has been reinstated on the cap as their logo .", "1960s" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The name ``Twins'' was derived from the popular name of the region, the Twin Cities (Minneapolis and St. Paul). Griffith was determined not to alienate fans in either city by naming the team after one city or the other. The team was allowed to keep its original ``TC'' (for Twin Cities) insignia for its caps.", "selected_sentences": [ "The name `` Twins '' was derived from the popular name of the region , the Twin Cities ( Minneapolis and St. Paul ) .", "Griffith was determined not to alienate fans in either city by naming the team after one city or the other , so his desire was to name the team the `` Twin Cities Twins '' , however MLB objected .", "However , the team was allowed to keep its original `` TC '' ( for Twin Cities ) insignia for its caps ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Vallabhbhai Patel", "text": "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India , Patel organised relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace . He led the task of forging a united India , successfully integrating into the newly independent nation those British colonial provinces that had been `` allocated '' to India . Besides those provinces that had been under direct British rule , approximately 565 self - governing princely states had been released from British suzerainty by the Indian Independence Act of 1947 . Threatening military force , Patel persuaded almost every princely state to accede to India . His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising , earning him the sobriquet `` Iron Man of India '' . He is also remembered as the `` patron saint of India 's civil servants '' for having established the modern all - India services system . He is also called the `` Unifier of India '' . ", "sentences": [ "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India , Patel organised relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace .", "He led the task of forging a united India , successfully integrating into the newly independent nation those British colonial provinces that had been `` allocated '' to India .", "Besides those provinces that had been under direct British rule , approximately 565 self - governing princely states had been released from British suzerainty by the Indian Independence Act of 1947 .", "Threatening military force , Patel persuaded almost every princely state to accede to India .", "His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising , earning him the sobriquet `` Iron Man of India '' .", "He is also remembered as the `` patron saint of India 's civil servants '' for having established the modern all - India services system .", "He is also called the `` Unifier of India '' ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India, Vallabhbhai Patel organized relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace. His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising, earning him the sobriquet ``Iron Man of India''.", "selected_sentences": [ "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India , Patel organised relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace .", "His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising , earning him the sobriquet `` Iron Man of India '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India, Patel organized relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace. His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising, earning him the sobriquet `` Iron Man of India ''.", "selected_sentences": [ "As the first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India , Patel organised relief efforts for refugees fleeing from Punjab and Delhi and worked to restore peace .", "His commitment to national integration in the newly independent country was total and uncompromising , earning him the sobriquet `` Iron Man of India '' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Three-Fifths Compromise", "text": "The Convention had unanimously accepted the principle that representation in the House of Representatives would be in proportion to the relative state populations . However , since slaves could not vote , leaders in slave states would thus have the benefit of increased representation in the House and the Electoral College . Delegates opposed to slavery proposed that only free inhabitants of each state be counted for apportionment purposes , while delegates supportive of slavery , on the other hand , opposed the proposal , wanting slaves to count in their actual numbers . The compromise that was finally agreed upon -- of counting `` all other persons '' as only three - fifths of their actual numbers -- reduced the representation of the slave states relative to the original proposals , but improved it over the Northern position . An inducement for slave states to accept the Compromise was its tie to taxation in the same ratio , so that the burden of taxation on the slave states was also reduced . ", "sentences": [ "The Convention had unanimously accepted the principle that representation in the House of Representatives would be in proportion to the relative state populations .", "However , since slaves could not vote , leaders in slave states would thus have the benefit of increased representation in the House and the Electoral College .", "Delegates opposed to slavery proposed that only free inhabitants of each state be counted for apportionment purposes , while delegates supportive of slavery , on the other hand , opposed the proposal , wanting slaves to count in their actual numbers .", "The compromise that was finally agreed upon -- of counting `` all other persons '' as only three - fifths of their actual numbers -- reduced the representation of the slave states relative to the original proposals , but improved it over the Northern position .", "An inducement for slave states to accept the Compromise was its tie to taxation in the same ratio , so that the burden of taxation on the slave states was also reduced ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Convention accepted that representation in the House of Representatives would be in proportion to the relative state populations. Delegates opposed to slavery proposed that only free inhabitants of each state be counted, while delegates supportive of slavery, opposed, wanting slaves to count. The compromise that was finally agreed upon - of counting ``all other persons'' as only three-fifths of their actual numbers reduced the representation of the slave states, but improved it over the Northern position.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Convention had unanimously accepted the principle that representation in the House of Representatives would be in proportion to the relative state populations .", "Delegates opposed to slavery proposed that only free inhabitants of each state be counted for apportionment purposes , while delegates supportive of slavery , on the other hand , opposed the proposal , wanting slaves to count in their actual numbers .", "The compromise that was finally agreed upon -- of counting `` all other persons '' as only three - fifths of their actual numbers -- reduced the representation of the slave states relative to the original proposals , but improved it over the Northern position ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Geography of Chicago", "text": "One special feature of the Chicago area was the now - vanished Mud Lake in the Des Plaines River watershed . During heavy periods of rain or when the Des Plaines overflowed its banks due to downstream ice dams in the early spring , the river would flow through Mud Lake to the South Branch of the Chicago River , forming a favorite portage for early traders and creating the path of the future I&M and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canals . When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s , the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River 's mouth . Indeed , Chicago 's low lying geography , which ultimately became crucial to its boom town development ( as the site of the Chicago Portage and canal ) , could not initially attract substantial early settlement because the tall grass prairie around its lake and river systems was underlain by hard packed glacial clay , making much of the area forbidding wetlands . Thus , the paradox of Chicago 's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of this geography , but also overcoming its limitations . ", "sentences": [ "One special feature of the Chicago area was the now - vanished Mud Lake in the Des Plaines River watershed .", "During heavy periods of rain or when the Des Plaines overflowed its banks due to downstream ice dams in the early spring , the river would flow through Mud Lake to the South Branch of the Chicago River , forming a favorite portage for early traders and creating the path of the future I&M and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canals .", "When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s , the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River 's mouth .", "Indeed , Chicago 's low lying geography , which ultimately became crucial to its boom town development ( as the site of the Chicago Portage and canal ) , could not initially attract substantial early settlement because the tall grass prairie around its lake and river systems was underlain by hard packed glacial clay , making much of the area forbidding wetlands .", "Thus , the paradox of Chicago 's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of this geography , but also overcoming its limitations ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s , the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River 's mouth .\r\nThus, the paradox of Chicago 's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of its geography, but also overcoming its limitations .", "selected_sentences": [ "When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s , the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River 's mouth .", "Thus , the paradox of Chicago 's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of this geography , but also overcoming its limitations ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s, the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River's mouth. In early spring the Des Plaines river would overflow \r\nthrough Mud Lake to the South Branch of the Chicago River, forming a favorite portage for early traders. Thus, the paradox of Chicago's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of its geography, but also overcoming its limitations.", "selected_sentences": [ "During heavy periods of rain or when the Des Plaines overflowed its banks due to downstream ice dams in the early spring , the river would flow through Mud Lake to the South Branch of the Chicago River , forming a favorite portage for early traders and creating the path of the future I&M and Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canals .", "When the city we know today was initially founded in the 1830s , the land was swampy and most of the early building began on low dunes around the Chicago River 's mouth .", "Thus , the paradox of Chicago 's development as a city in the 19th century became taking advantage of this geography , but also overcoming its limitations ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Stranger Things", "text": "The first season begins in November 1983 , when Will Byers is abducted by a creature from the Upside Down . His mother , Joyce , and the town 's police chief , Jim Hopper , search for Will . At the same time , a young psychokinetic girl called Eleven escapes from the laboratory and assists Will 's friends , Mike , Dustin , and Lucas , in their own efforts to find Will . The second season is set a year later , starting in October 1984 . Will had been rescued , but few know of the details of the events . When Will is found to be still influenced by entities from the Upside Down , his friends and family learn there is a larger threat to their universe from the Upside Down . ", "sentences": [ "The first season begins in November 1983 , when Will Byers is abducted by a creature from the Upside Down .", "His mother , Joyce , and the town 's police chief , Jim Hopper , search for Will .", "At the same time , a young psychokinetic girl called Eleven escapes from the laboratory and assists Will 's friends , Mike , Dustin , and Lucas , in their own efforts to find Will .", "The second season is set a year later , starting in October 1984 .", "Will had been rescued , but few know of the details of the events .", "When Will is found to be still influenced by entities from the Upside Down , his friends and family learn there is a larger threat to their universe from the Upside Down ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first season begins in November 1983, when Will Byers is abducted by a creature from the Upside Down. A young psychokinetic girl called Eleven escapes from the laboratory and assists Will's friends, Mike, Dustin and Lucas, in their efforts to find Will.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first season begins in November 1983 , when Will Byers is abducted by a creature from the Upside Down .", "At the same time , a young psychokinetic girl called Eleven escapes from the laboratory and assists Will 's friends , Mike , Dustin , and Lucas , in their own efforts to find Will ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Yadkin River", "text": "The Yadkin River is one of the longest rivers in North Carolina , flowing 215 miles ( 346 km ) . It rises in the northwestern portion of the state near the Blue Ridge Parkway 's Thunder Hill Overlook . Several parts of the river are impounded by dams for water , power , and flood control . The river becomes the Pee Dee River at the confluence of the Uwharrie River south of the community of Badin , NC and east of the town of Albemarle , NC . The river flows into South Carolina near Cheraw , which is at the Fall Line . The entirety of the Yadkin River and the Great Pee Dee River is part of the Yadkin - Pee Dee River Basin . ", "sentences": [ "The Yadkin River is one of the longest rivers in North Carolina , flowing 215 miles ( 346 km ) .", "It rises in the northwestern portion of the state near the Blue Ridge Parkway 's Thunder Hill Overlook .", "Several parts of the river are impounded by dams for water , power , and flood control .", "The river becomes the Pee Dee River at the confluence of the Uwharrie River south of the community of Badin , NC and east of the town of Albemarle , NC .", "The river flows into South Carolina near Cheraw , which is at the Fall Line .", "The entirety of the Yadkin River and the Great Pee Dee River is part of the Yadkin - Pee Dee River Basin ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Yadkin River rises in the northwestern portion of the state near the Blue Ridge Parkway's Thunder Hill Overlook. The river becomes the Pee Dee River at the confluence of the Uwharrie River south of the community of Badin, NC and east of the town of Albemarle , NC.", "selected_sentences": [ "It rises in the northwestern portion of the state near the Blue Ridge Parkway 's Thunder Hill Overlook .", "The river becomes the Pee Dee River at the confluence of the Uwharrie River south of the community of Badin , NC and east of the town of Albemarle , NC ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Anti-lock braking system", "text": "Typically ABS includes a central electronic control unit ( ECU ) , four wheel speed sensors , and at least two hydraulic valves within the brake hydraulics . The ECU constantly monitors the rotational speed of each wheel ; if it detects the wheel rotating significantly slower than the speed of the vehicle , a condition indicative of impending wheel lock , it actuates the valves to reduce hydraulic pressure to the brake at the affected wheel , thus reducing the braking force on that wheel ; the wheel then turns faster . Conversely , if the ECU detects a wheel turning significantly faster than the others , brake hydraulic pressure to the wheel is increased so the braking force is reapplied , slowing down the wheel . This process is repeated continuously and can be detected by the driver via brake pedal pulsation . Some anti-lock systems can apply or release braking pressure 15 times per second . Because of this , the wheels of cars equipped with ABS are practically impossible to lock even during panic braking in extreme conditions . ", "sentences": [ "Typically ABS includes a central electronic control unit ( ECU ) , four wheel speed sensors , and at least two hydraulic valves within the brake hydraulics .", "The ECU constantly monitors the rotational speed of each wheel ; if it detects the wheel rotating significantly slower than the speed of the vehicle , a condition indicative of impending wheel lock , it actuates the valves to reduce hydraulic pressure to the brake at the affected wheel , thus reducing the braking force on that wheel ; the wheel then turns faster .", "Conversely , if the ECU detects a wheel turning significantly faster than the others , brake hydraulic pressure to the wheel is increased so the braking force is reapplied , slowing down the wheel .", "This process is repeated continuously and can be detected by the driver via brake pedal pulsation .", "Some anti-lock systems can apply or release braking pressure 15 times per second .", "Because of this , the wheels of cars equipped with ABS are practically impossible to lock even during panic braking in extreme conditions ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "When a wheel significantly rotates faster or slower compared to the vehicle speed, the anti-lock braking system includes a central electronic unit (ECU), the function of which is to control the braking force applied to the wheel, making it turn faster or slower. Some anti-lock systems can apply or release braking pressure 15 times per second .", "selected_sentences": [ "Typically ABS includes a central electronic control unit ( ECU ) , four wheel speed sensors , and at least two hydraulic valves within the brake hydraulics .", "The ECU constantly monitors the rotational speed of each wheel ; if it detects the wheel rotating significantly slower than the speed of the vehicle , a condition indicative of impending wheel lock , it actuates the valves to reduce hydraulic pressure to the brake at the affected wheel , thus reducing the braking force on that wheel ; the wheel then turns faster .", "Conversely , if the ECU detects a wheel turning significantly faster than the others , brake hydraulic pressure to the wheel is increased so the braking force is reapplied , slowing down the wheel .", "Some anti-lock systems can apply or release braking pressure 15 times per second ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Homonym", "text": "In linguistics , homonyms , broadly defined , are words which sound alike or are spelled alike , but have different meanings . A more restrictive definition sees homonyms as words that are simultaneously homographs ( words that share the same spelling , regardless of their pronunciation ) and homophones ( words that share the same pronunciation , regardless of their spelling ) -- that is to say they have identical pronunciation and spelling , whilst maintaining different meanings . The relationship between a set of homonyms is called homonymy . Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk ( part of a plant ) and stalk ( follow / harass a person ) and the pair left ( past tense of leave ) and left ( opposite of right ) . A distinction is sometimes made between true homonyms , which are unrelated in origin , such as skate ( glide on ice ) and skate ( the fish ) , and polysemous homonyms , or polysemes , which have a shared origin , such as mouth ( of a river ) and mouth ( of an animal ) . ", "sentences": [ "In linguistics , homonyms , broadly defined , are words which sound alike or are spelled alike , but have different meanings .", "A more restrictive definition sees homonyms as words that are simultaneously homographs ( words that share the same spelling , regardless of their pronunciation ) and homophones ( words that share the same pronunciation , regardless of their spelling ) -- that is to say they have identical pronunciation and spelling , whilst maintaining different meanings .", "The relationship between a set of homonyms is called homonymy .", "Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk ( part of a plant ) and stalk ( follow / harass a person ) and the pair left ( past tense of leave ) and left ( opposite of right ) .", "A distinction is sometimes made between true homonyms , which are unrelated in origin , such as skate ( glide on ice ) and skate ( the fish ) , and polysemous homonyms , or polysemes , which have a shared origin , such as mouth ( of a river ) and mouth ( of an animal ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In linguistics, homonyms, broadly defined, are words which sound alike or are spelled alike, but have different meanings. Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk (part of a plant) and stalk (follow / harass a person) and the pair left (past tense of leave) and left (opposite of right).", "selected_sentences": [ "In linguistics , homonyms , broadly defined , are words which sound alike or are spelled alike , but have different meanings .", "Examples of homonyms are the pair stalk ( part of a plant ) and stalk ( follow / harass a person ) and the pair left ( past tense of leave ) and left ( opposite of right ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Turning point of the American Civil War", "text": "The Battle of Antietam , fought September 17 , 1862 , was the bloodiest single day of conflict in American military history . But it also had two strategic consequences . Although considered a tactical draw between the Army of the Potomac and the much smaller Army of Northern Virginia , it marked the end of Robert E. Lee 's invasion of the North . One of his goals was to entice the slave - holding state of Maryland to join the Confederacy , or at least recruit soldiers there . He failed in that objective ; he also failed in marshaling Northern fears and opinions to pressure a settlement to the war . ", "sentences": [ "The Battle of Antietam , fought September 17 , 1862 , was the bloodiest single day of conflict in American military history .", "But it also had two strategic consequences .", "Although considered a tactical draw between the Army of the Potomac and the much smaller Army of Northern Virginia , it marked the end of Robert E. Lee 's invasion of the North .", "One of his goals was to entice the slave - holding state of Maryland to join the Confederacy , or at least recruit soldiers there .", "He failed in that objective ; he also failed in marshaling Northern fears and opinions to pressure a settlement to the war ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Battle of Antietam, fought September 17, 1862, was the bloodiest single day of conflict in American military history. It marked the end of Robert E. Lee's invasion of the North to entice the slave holding state of Maryland to join the Confederacy, or at least recruit soldiers there. He failed in that objective; he also failed in marshaling Northern fears and opinions to pressure a settlement to the war.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Battle of Antietam , fought September 17 , 1862 , was the bloodiest single day of conflict in American military history .", "One of his goals was to entice the slave - holding state of Maryland to join the Confederacy , or at least recruit soldiers there .", "He failed in that objective ; he also failed in marshaling Northern fears and opinions to pressure a settlement to the war ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Samurai", "text": "Following the Battle of Hakusukinoe against Tang China and Silla in 663 AD , which led to a retreat from Korean affairs , Japan underwent widespread reform . One of the most important was that of the Taika Reform , issued by Prince Naka - no - Ōe ( Emperor Tenji ) in 646 AD . This edict allowed the Japanese aristocracy to adopt the Tang dynasty political structure , bureaucracy , culture , religion , and philosophy . As part of the Taihō Code of 702 AD , and the later Yōrō Code , the population was required to report regularly for the census , a precursor for national conscription . With an understanding of how the population was distributed , Emperor Monmu introduced a law whereby 1 in 3 -- 4 adult males were drafted into the national military . These soldiers were required to supply their own weapons , and in return were exempted from duties and taxes . This was one of the first attempts by the Imperial government to form an organized army modeled after the Chinese system . It was called `` Gundan - Sei '' ( ja : 軍団 制 ) by later historians and is believed to have been short - lived . The Taihō Code classified most of the Imperial bureaucrats into 12 ranks , each divided into two sub-ranks , 1st rank being the highest adviser to the Emperor . Those of 6th rank and below were referred to as `` samurai '' and dealt with day - to - day affairs . Although these `` samurai '' were civilian public servants , the modern word is believed to have derived from this term . Military men , however , would not be referred to as `` samurai '' for many more centuries . ", "sentences": [ "Following the Battle of Hakusukinoe against Tang China and Silla in 663 AD , which led to a retreat from Korean affairs , Japan underwent widespread reform .", "One of the most important was that of the Taika Reform , issued by Prince Naka - no - Ōe ( Emperor Tenji ) in 646 AD .", "This edict allowed the Japanese aristocracy to adopt the Tang dynasty political structure , bureaucracy , culture , religion , and philosophy .", "As part of the Taihō Code of 702 AD , and the later Yōrō Code , the population was required to report regularly for the census , a precursor for national conscription .", "With an understanding of how the population was distributed , Emperor Monmu introduced a law whereby 1 in 3 -- 4 adult males were drafted into the national military .", "These soldiers were required to supply their own weapons , and in return were exempted from duties and taxes .", "This was one of the first attempts by the Imperial government to form an organized army modeled after the Chinese system .", "It was called `` Gundan - Sei '' ( ja : 軍団 制 ) by later historians and is believed to have been short - lived .", "The Taihō Code classified most of the Imperial bureaucrats into 12 ranks , each divided into two sub-ranks , 1st rank being the highest adviser to the Emperor .", "Those of 6th rank and below were referred to as `` samurai '' and dealt with day - to - day affairs .", "Although these `` samurai '' were civilian public servants , the modern word is believed to have derived from this term .", "Military men , however , would not be referred to as `` samurai '' for many more centuries ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "After the Taika Reform issued by Prince Naka - no - Ōe in 646 AD, the Japanese aristocracy adopted the Tang dynasty political structure, and the population was required to report regularly for the census. Emperor Monmu introduced a law whereby 1 in 3 -- 4 adult males were drafted into the national military. This was one of the first attempts by the Imperial government to form an organized army modeled after the Chinese system. The Taihō Code classified most of the Imperial bureaucrats into 12 ranks, and those of 6th rank and below were referred to as `` samurai '' and dealt with day - to - day affairs.", "selected_sentences": [ "One of the most important was that of the Taika Reform , issued by Prince Naka - no - Ōe ( Emperor Tenji ) in 646 AD .", "This edict allowed the Japanese aristocracy to adopt the Tang dynasty political structure , bureaucracy , culture , religion , and philosophy .", "With an understanding of how the population was distributed , Emperor Monmu introduced a law whereby 1 in 3 -- 4 adult males were drafted into the national military .", "This was one of the first attempts by the Imperial government to form an organized army modeled after the Chinese system .", "The Taihō Code classified most of the Imperial bureaucrats into 12 ranks , each divided into two sub-ranks , 1st rank being the highest adviser to the Emperor .", "Those of 6th rank and below were referred to as `` samurai '' and dealt with day - to - day affairs ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Peachtree Road Race", "text": "It is estimated that the AJC Peachtree Road Race costs over $1,000,000 , if in - kind contributions are included . The race must pay between $25,000 and $30,000 to government agencies for their costs of supporting the race . T - shirts for runners and volunteers are estimated to cost over $200,000 . The race also pays $25,000 for its timing system and $100,000 for contract labor . The AJC Peachtree Road Race was estimated in 2003 to have an economic impact over $10,000,000 . Profits from the race entry fees and sponsorships are used to fund the Atlanta Track Club . ", "sentences": [ "It is estimated that the AJC Peachtree Road Race costs over $1,000,000 , if in - kind contributions are included .", "The race must pay between $25,000 and $30,000 to government agencies for their costs of supporting the race .", "T - shirts for runners and volunteers are estimated to cost over $200,000 .", "The race also pays $25,000 for its timing system and $100,000 for contract labor .", "The AJC Peachtree Road Race was estimated in 2003 to have an economic impact over $10,000,000 .", "Profits from the race entry fees and sponsorships are used to fund the Atlanta Track Club ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The race must pay between $25,000 and $30,000 to government agencies for their costs of supporting the race . T - shirts for runners and volunteers are estimated to cost over $200,000 . The race also pays $25,000 for its timing system and $100,000 for contract labor .Profits from the Peachtree Road Race entry fees and sponsorships are used to fund the Atlanta Track Club .", "selected_sentences": [ "The race must pay between $25,000 and $30,000 to government agencies for their costs of supporting the race .", "T - shirts for runners and volunteers are estimated to cost over $200,000 .", "The race also pays $25,000 for its timing system and $100,000 for contract labor .", "Profits from the race entry fees and sponsorships are used to fund the Atlanta Track Club ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Rhea (mythology)", "text": "According to Hesiod , Cronus sired six children by Rhea : Hestia , Demeter , Hera , Hades , Poseidon , and Zeus in that order . Gaia and Uranus told Cronus that just as he had overthrown his own father , he was destined to be overcome by his own child ; so as each of his children was born , Cronus swallowed them . Rhea , Uranus and Gaia devised a plan to save the last of them , Zeus . Rhea gave birth to Zeus in Crete , and gave Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes , which he promptly swallowed ; Rhea hid her infant son Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida . Her attendants , the warrior - like Kouretes and Dactyls , acted as a bodyguard for the infant Zeus , helping to conceal his whereabouts from his father . According to Plato , Phorcys , Cronus and Rhea were the eldest children of Oceanus and Tethys . ", "sentences": [ "According to Hesiod , Cronus sired six children by Rhea : Hestia , Demeter , Hera , Hades , Poseidon , and Zeus in that order .", "Gaia and Uranus told Cronus that just as he had overthrown his own father , he was destined to be overcome by his own child ; so as each of his children was born , Cronus swallowed them .", "Rhea , Uranus and Gaia devised a plan to save the last of them , Zeus .", "Rhea gave birth to Zeus in Crete , and gave Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes , which he promptly swallowed ; Rhea hid her infant son Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida .", "Her attendants , the warrior - like Kouretes and Dactyls , acted as a bodyguard for the infant Zeus , helping to conceal his whereabouts from his father .", "According to Plato , Phorcys , Cronus and Rhea were the eldest children of Oceanus and Tethys ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Rhea gave birth to Zeus, her sixth son, in Crete, and hid her infant son Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida. Her attendants, the warrior - like Kouretes and Dactyls, acted as a bodyguard for the infant Zeus, helping to conceal his whereabouts from his father.", "selected_sentences": [ "According to Hesiod , Cronus sired six children by Rhea : Hestia , Demeter , Hera , Hades , Poseidon , and Zeus in that order .", "Rhea gave birth to Zeus in Crete , and gave Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes , which he promptly swallowed ; Rhea hid her infant son Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida .", "Her attendants , the warrior - like Kouretes and Dactyls , acted as a bodyguard for the infant Zeus , helping to conceal his whereabouts from his father ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The House of the Rising Sun", "text": "Like many classic folk ballads , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' is of uncertain authorship . Musicologists say that it is based on the tradition of broadside ballads , and thematically it has some resemblance to the 16th - century ballad The Unfortunate Rake . According to Alan Lomax , `` Rising Sun '' was used as the name of a bawdy house in two traditional English songs , and it was also a name for English pubs . He further suggested that the melody might be related to a 17th - century folk song , `` Lord Barnard and Little Musgrave '' , also known as `` Matty Groves '' , but a survey by Bertrand Bronson showed no clear relationship between the two songs . Lomax proposed that the location of the house was then relocated from England to New Orleans by white southern performers . However , Vance Randolph proposed an alternative French origin , the `` rising sun '' referring to the decorative use of the sunburst insignia dating to the time of Louis XIV , which was brought to North America by French immigrants . ", "sentences": [ "Like many classic folk ballads , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' is of uncertain authorship .", "Musicologists say that it is based on the tradition of broadside ballads , and thematically it has some resemblance to the 16th - century ballad The Unfortunate Rake .", "According to Alan Lomax , `` Rising Sun '' was used as the name of a bawdy house in two traditional English songs , and it was also a name for English pubs .", "He further suggested that the melody might be related to a 17th - century folk song , `` Lord Barnard and Little Musgrave '' , also known as `` Matty Groves '' , but a survey by Bertrand Bronson showed no clear relationship between the two songs .", "Lomax proposed that the location of the house was then relocated from England to New Orleans by white southern performers .", "However , Vance Randolph proposed an alternative French origin , the `` rising sun '' referring to the decorative use of the sunburst insignia dating to the time of Louis XIV , which was brought to North America by French immigrants ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "According to Alan Lomax, ``Rising Sun'' was used as the name of a bawdy house in two traditional English songs and it was also a name for English pubs. Vance Randolph proposed an alternative French origin, the ``rising sun'' referring to the decorative use of the sunburst insignia dating to the time of Louis XIV, which was brought to North America by French immigrants.", "selected_sentences": [ "According to Alan Lomax , `` Rising Sun '' was used as the name of a bawdy house in two traditional English songs , and it was also a name for English pubs .", "However , Vance Randolph proposed an alternative French origin , the `` rising sun '' referring to the decorative use of the sunburst insignia dating to the time of Louis XIV , which was brought to North America by French immigrants ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Human Again (song)", "text": "The song is an upbeat waltz , with lyrics sung by several of the enchanted objects / house servants in the castle of the Beast , who are hopeful that now that he and Belle are getting closer to one another , they could fall in love and break the spell on their castle , which would restore all of them to human form . The song also expands the role of The Wardrobe , giving her a solo verse in the number . In the film , where it falls between `` Something There '' and `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Human Again '' is primarily performed by Lumière ( Jerry Orbach ) , Cogsworth ( David Ogden Stiers ) , Mrs. Potts ( Angela Lansbury ) , and The Wardrobe ( Jo Anne Worley ) . Neither Belle nor the Beast sing in the song , but they are seen in a brief scene where Belle teaches the Beast to read starting with Romeo & Juliet ( King Arthur in the stage version and demo ) . ", "sentences": [ "The song is an upbeat waltz , with lyrics sung by several of the enchanted objects / house servants in the castle of the Beast , who are hopeful that now that he and Belle are getting closer to one another , they could fall in love and break the spell on their castle , which would restore all of them to human form .", "The song also expands the role of The Wardrobe , giving her a solo verse in the number .", "In the film , where it falls between `` Something There '' and `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Human Again '' is primarily performed by Lumière ( Jerry Orbach ) ,", "Cogsworth ( David Ogden Stiers ) , Mrs. Potts ( Angela Lansbury ) , and The Wardrobe ( Jo Anne Worley ) .", "Neither Belle nor the Beast sing in the song , but they are seen in a brief scene where Belle teaches the Beast to read starting with Romeo & Juliet ( King Arthur in the stage version and demo ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The song is an upbeat waltz, with lyrics sung by several of the enchanted objects / house servants in the castle of the Beast, who are hopeful that now that he and Belle are getting closer to one another, they could fall in love and break the spell on their castle, which would restore all of them to human form. The song also expands the role of The Wardrobe, giving her a solo verse in the number. Cogsworth (David Ogden Stiers), Mrs. Potts (Angela Lansbury), and The Wardrobe (Jo Anne Worley).", "selected_sentences": [ "The song is an upbeat waltz , with lyrics sung by several of the enchanted objects / house servants in the castle of the Beast , who are hopeful that now that he and Belle are getting closer to one another , they could fall in love and break the spell on their castle , which would restore all of them to human form .", "The song also expands the role of The Wardrobe , giving her a solo verse in the number .", "Cogsworth ( David Ogden Stiers ) , Mrs. Potts ( Angela Lansbury ) , and The Wardrobe ( Jo Anne Worley ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In the film, ``Human Again'' is primarily performed by Lumière (Jerry Orbach), Cogsworth (David Ogden Stiers), Mrs. Potts (Angela Lansbury), and The Wardrobe (Jo Anne Worley).", "selected_sentences": [ "In the film , where it falls between `` Something There '' and `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Human Again '' is primarily performed by Lumière ( Jerry Orbach ) ,", "Cogsworth ( David Ogden Stiers ) , Mrs. Potts ( Angela Lansbury ) , and The Wardrobe ( Jo Anne Worley ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Languages of Burkina Faso", "text": "The official language is French , which was introduced when France colonized Burkina Faso in 1919 . French is the principal language of administrative , political and judicial institutions , public services , and the press . It is the only language for laws , administration and courts . French is the language of instruction in the nation 's schools . However , fewer than 15 percent of the population uses French on a day - to - day basis . Despite this low percentage , there is a high amount of support in keeping French as the language of instruction because it provides children a pathway to social mobility and assures continued economic support for education . In fact , according to a 1998 report , `` Burkinabe saw no interest in sending their children to school to learn a language that they already spoke at home '' . ", "sentences": [ "The official language is French , which was introduced when France colonized Burkina Faso in 1919 .", "French is the principal language of administrative , political and judicial institutions , public services , and the press .", "It is the only language for laws , administration and courts .", "French is the language of instruction in the nation 's schools .", "However , fewer than 15 percent of the population uses French on a day - to - day basis .", "Despite this low percentage , there is a high amount of support in keeping French as the language of instruction because it provides children a pathway to social mobility and assures continued economic support for education .", "In fact , according to a 1998 report , `` Burkinabe saw no interest in sending their children to school to learn a language that they already spoke at home '' ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The official language of French was introduced when France colonized Burkina Faso in 1919. Despite the fact that fewer than 15 percent of the population uses French on a day - to - day basis, there is a high amount of support in keeping French as the language of instruction because it provides children a pathway to social mobility and assures continued economic support for education.", "selected_sentences": [ "The official language is French , which was introduced when France colonized Burkina Faso in 1919 .", "However , fewer than 15 percent of the population uses French on a day - to - day basis .", "Despite this low percentage , there is a high amount of support in keeping French as the language of instruction because it provides children a pathway to social mobility and assures continued economic support for education ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "We Are the World", "text": "`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together . It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' . The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' . `` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse . Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together . Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus . Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge . This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' . `` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram . ", "sentences": [ "`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together .", "It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' .", "The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' .", "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .", "Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .", "Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .", "Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .", "This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' .", "`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "``We Are the World'' opens with Lionel Richie, Stevie Wonder, Paul Simon, Kenny Rogers, James Ingram, Tina Turner and Billy Joel singing the first verse. Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow, completing the first chorus together. Dionne Warwick, Willie Nelson and Al Jarreau sing the second verse, before Bruce Springsteen, Kenny Loggins, Steve Perry and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus. Co-writer Jackson, Huey Lewis, Cyndi Lauper and Kim Carnes follow with the song's bridge. It concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .", "Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .", "Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .", "Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .", "`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Dukes of Hazzard", "text": "In 1977 , Waldron was approached by Warner Bros. with the idea of developing Moonrunners into a television series . Waldron reworked various elements from Moonrunners , and from it was devised what would become The Dukes of Hazzard . Production began in October 1978 with the original intention of only nine episodes being produced as mid-season filler . The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers , Georgia and surrounding areas , including some location work in nearby Atlanta . After completing production on the fifth episode , `` High Octane '' , the cast and crew broke for Christmas break , expecting to return in several weeks ' time to complete the ordered run of episodes . In the meantime , executives at Warner Bros. were impressed by the rough preview cuts of the completed episodes and saw potential in developing the show into a full - running series ; part of this plan was to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank , California , primarily to simplify production as well as develop a larger workshop to service the large number of automobiles needed for the series . ", "sentences": [ "In 1977 , Waldron was approached by Warner Bros. with the idea of developing Moonrunners into a television series .", "Waldron reworked various elements from Moonrunners , and from it was devised what would become The Dukes of Hazzard .", "Production began in October 1978 with the original intention of only nine episodes being produced as mid-season filler .", "The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers , Georgia and surrounding areas , including some location work in nearby Atlanta .", "After completing production on the fifth episode , `` High Octane '' , the cast and crew broke for Christmas break , expecting to return in several weeks ' time to complete the ordered run of episodes .", "In the meantime , executives at Warner Bros. were impressed by the rough preview cuts of the completed episodes and saw potential in developing the show into a full - running series ; part of this plan was to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank , California , primarily to simplify production as well as develop a larger workshop to service the large number of automobiles needed for the series ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers , Georgia and surrounding areas , including some location work in nearby Atlanta. Executives at Warner Bros planned to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank , California.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers , Georgia and surrounding areas , including some location work in nearby Atlanta .", "In the meantime , executives at Warner Bros. were impressed by the rough preview cuts of the completed episodes and saw potential in developing the show into a full - running series ; part of this plan was to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank , California , primarily to simplify production as well as develop a larger workshop to service the large number of automobiles needed for the series ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers, Georgia and surrounding areas, including some location work in nearby Atlanta. Executives at Warner Bros planned to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank, California.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first five episodes were filmed in Covington and Conyers , Georgia and surrounding areas , including some location work in nearby Atlanta .", "In the meantime , executives at Warner Bros. were impressed by the rough preview cuts of the completed episodes and saw potential in developing the show into a full - running series ; part of this plan was to move production from Georgia to the Warner Bros. lot in Burbank , California , primarily to simplify production as well as develop a larger workshop to service the large number of automobiles needed for the series ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Derrickhand", "text": "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another . They almost always reports directly to the driller . The name derrickhand comes from the position they typically occupy , which is at the top of the derrick . From this position they guide the stands of drill pipe , typically 90 feet ( 27 meters ) long , into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping ( removing the drill string ) out of the hole . When tripping into the hole ( or `` running in '' ) they will pull the pipe out of the fingers and guide it into the elevators suspended from the top drive . Traditionally , the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer ( see drilling fluid ) when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick . In this capacity it their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels , viscosity and the mud weight ( density ) , adding sacks of chemicals ( 25 - 100 lb each ) to the mud or oil to maintain the desired properties , and monitor the mud level in the mud pits to aid well control . They are also responsible for the shale shakers and mud pumps ( making sure they run well and fixing them as needed ) . The derrickhand is also responsible for the transfer of additional fluids or chemicals ( e.g. : Barite , Bentonite or oil - based fluids ) from bulk silos or tanks ( tank farm ) to the mud system . ", "sentences": [ "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another .", "They almost always reports directly to the driller .", "The name derrickhand comes from the position they typically occupy , which is at the top of the derrick .", "From this position they guide the stands of drill pipe , typically 90 feet ( 27 meters ) long , into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping ( removing the drill string ) out of the hole .", "When tripping into the hole ( or `` running in '' )", "they will pull the pipe out of the fingers and guide it into the elevators suspended from the top drive .", "Traditionally , the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer ( see drilling fluid ) when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick .", "In this capacity it their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels , viscosity and the mud weight ( density ) , adding sacks of chemicals ( 25 - 100 lb each ) to the mud or oil to maintain the desired properties , and monitor the mud level in the mud pits to aid well control .", "They are also responsible for the shale shakers and mud pumps ( making sure they run well and fixing them as needed ) .", "The derrickhand is also responsible for the transfer of additional fluids or chemicals ( e.g. : Barite , Bentonite or oil - based fluids ) from bulk silos or tanks ( tank farm ) to the mud system ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another. The name derrickhand comes from the position they typically occupy, which is at the top of the derrick. From this position they guide the stands of drill pipe into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping ( removing the drill string ) out of the hole. Traditionally, the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick. In this capacity it is their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels, viscosity and the mud weight. The derrickhand is also responsible for the transfer of additional fluids or chemicals from bulk silos or tanks to the mud system.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another .", "The name derrickhand comes from the position they typically occupy , which is at the top of the derrick .", "From this position they guide the stands of drill pipe , typically 90 feet ( 27 meters ) long , into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping ( removing the drill string ) out of the hole .", "Traditionally , the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer ( see drilling fluid ) when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick .", "In this capacity it their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels , viscosity and the mud weight ( density ) , adding sacks of chemicals ( 25 - 100 lb each ) to the mud or oil to maintain the desired properties , and monitor the mud level in the mud pits to aid well control .", "The derrickhand is also responsible for the transfer of additional fluids or chemicals ( e.g. : Barite , Bentonite or oil - based fluids ) from bulk silos or tanks ( tank farm ) to the mud system ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another. They guide the stands of drill pipe into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping (removing the drill string) out of the hole. Traditionally, the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick. In this capacity it is their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels, viscosity and the mud weight. The derrickhand is also responsible for the transfer of additional fluids or chemicals from bulk silos or tanks to the mud system.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Derrickhand or Derrickman position varies greatly from one drilling rig to another .", "From this position they guide the stands of drill pipe , typically 90 feet ( 27 meters ) long , into the fingers at the top of the derrick while tripping ( removing the drill string ) out of the hole .", "Traditionally , the derrickhand also works closely with the mud engineer ( see drilling fluid ) when not tripping pipe since they are not needed in the derrick .", "In this capacity it their responsibility to monitor pH and calcium levels , viscosity and the mud weight ( density ) , adding sacks of chemicals ( 25 - 100 lb each ) to the mud or oil to maintain the desired properties , and monitor the mud level in the mud pits to aid well control .", "They are also responsible for the shale shakers and mud pumps ( making sure they run well and fixing them as needed ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Saturated and unsaturated compounds", "text": "In organic chemistry , a saturated compound is a chemical compound that has a chain of carbon atoms linked together by single bonds . Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes . An unsaturated compound is a chemical compound that contains carbon - carbon double bonds or triple bonds , such as those found in alkenes or alkynes , respectively . Saturated and unsaturated compounds need not consist only of a carbon atom chain . They can form straight chain , branched chain , or ring arrangements . They can have functional groups , as well . It is in this sense that fatty acids are classified as saturated or unsaturated . Only unsaturated compounds are those in which addition reaction can be obtained . ", "sentences": [ "In organic chemistry , a saturated compound is a chemical compound that has a chain of carbon atoms linked together by single bonds .", "Saturated hydrocarbons are called alkanes .", "An unsaturated compound is a chemical compound that contains carbon - carbon double bonds or triple bonds , such as those found in alkenes or alkynes , respectively .", "Saturated and unsaturated compounds need not consist only of a carbon atom chain .", "They can form straight chain , branched chain , or ring arrangements .", "They can have functional groups , as well .", "It is in this sense that fatty acids are classified as saturated or unsaturated .", "Only unsaturated compounds are those in which addition reaction can be obtained ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A saturated compound is a chemical compound that has a chain of carbon atoms linked together by single bonds and \r\nan unsaturated compound is a chemical compound that contains carbon - carbon double bonds or triple bonds , such as those found in alkenes or alkynes , respectively .", "selected_sentences": [ "In organic chemistry , a saturated compound is a chemical compound that has a chain of carbon atoms linked together by single bonds .", "An unsaturated compound is a chemical compound that contains carbon - carbon double bonds or triple bonds , such as those found in alkenes or alkynes , respectively ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hurricane Irma", "text": "Irma developed from a tropical wave near Cape Verde on August 30 . Favorable conditions allowed Irma to rapidly intensify into a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir -- Simpson wind scale by late on August 31 . However , the storm 's intensity fluctuated between Categories 2 and 3 for the next several days , due to a series of eyewall replacement cycles . On September 4 , Irma resumed intensifying , becoming a Category 5 hurricane by early on the next day , and acquiring annular characteristics . On September 6 , Irma peaked with 180 mph ( 285 km / h ) winds and a minimum pressure of 914 hPa ( 27.0 inHg ) , making it the second most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017 , behind only Hurricane Maria , and the strongest worldwide in 2017 , in terms of wind speed . Another eyewall replacement cycle caused Irma to weaken back to a Category 4 hurricane , but the storm re-attained Category 5 status before making landfall in Cuba . Although land interaction weakened Irma to a Category 2 storm , the system re-intensified to Category 4 status as it crossed the warm waters of the Straits of Florida , before making landfall on Cudjoe Key with winds at 130 mph , ( 215 km / h ) on September 10 . Irma weakened to Category 3 status , prior to another landfall in Florida on Marco Island later that day . The system degraded into a remnant low over Alabama and ultimately dissipated on September 13 over Missouri . ", "sentences": [ "Irma developed from a tropical wave near Cape Verde on August 30 .", "Favorable conditions allowed Irma to rapidly intensify into a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir -- Simpson wind scale by late on August 31 .", "However , the storm 's intensity fluctuated between Categories 2 and 3 for the next several days , due to a series of eyewall replacement cycles .", "On September 4 , Irma resumed intensifying , becoming a Category 5 hurricane by early on the next day , and acquiring annular characteristics .", "On September 6 , Irma peaked with 180 mph ( 285 km / h ) winds and a minimum pressure of 914 hPa ( 27.0 inHg ) , making it the second most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017 , behind only Hurricane Maria , and the strongest worldwide in 2017 , in terms of wind speed .", "Another eyewall replacement cycle caused Irma to weaken back to a Category 4 hurricane , but the storm re-attained Category 5 status before making landfall in Cuba .", "Although land interaction weakened Irma to a Category 2 storm , the system re-intensified to Category 4 status as it crossed the warm waters of the Straits of Florida , before making landfall on Cudjoe Key with winds at 130 mph , ( 215 km / h ) on September 10 .", "Irma weakened to Category 3 status , prior to another landfall in Florida on Marco Island later that day .", "The system degraded into a remnant low over Alabama and ultimately dissipated on September 13 over Missouri ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Irma made landfall on Cudjoe Key with winds at 130 mph on September 10, 2017.", "selected_sentences": [ "On September 6 , Irma peaked with 180 mph ( 285 km / h ) winds and a minimum pressure of 914 hPa ( 27.0 inHg ) , making it the second most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017 , behind only Hurricane Maria , and the strongest worldwide in 2017 , in terms of wind speed .", "Although land interaction weakened Irma to a Category 2 storm , the system re-intensified to Category 4 status as it crossed the warm waters of the Straits of Florida , before making landfall on Cudjoe Key with winds at 130 mph , ( 215 km / h ) on September 10 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Precedent", "text": "In common law legal systems , a precedent , or authority , is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts . Common law legal systems place great value on deciding cases according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar and predictable outcomes , and observance of precedent is the mechanism by which that goal is attained . The principle by which judges are bound to precedents is known as stare decisis . Black 's Law Dictionary defines `` precedent '' as a `` rule of law established for the first time by a court for a particular type of case and thereafter referred to in deciding similar cases '' . Common law precedent is a third kind of law , on equal footing with statutory law ( statutes and codes enacted by legislative bodies ) , and delegated legislation ( in U.K. parlance ) or regulatory law ( in U.S. parlance ) ( regulations promulgated by executive branch agencies ) . ", "sentences": [ "In common law legal systems , a precedent , or authority , is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts .", "Common law legal systems place great value on deciding cases according to consistent principled rules so that similar facts will yield similar and predictable outcomes , and observance of precedent is the mechanism by which that goal is attained .", "The principle by which judges are bound to precedents is known as stare decisis .", "Black 's Law Dictionary defines `` precedent '' as a `` rule of law established for the first time by a court for a particular type of case and thereafter referred to in deciding similar cases '' .", "Common law precedent is a third kind of law , on equal footing with statutory law ( statutes and codes enacted by legislative bodies ) , and delegated legislation ( in U.K. parlance ) or regulatory law ( in U.S. parlance ) ( regulations promulgated by executive branch agencies ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In common law legal systems, a precedent, or authority, is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts. The principle by which judges are bound to precedents is known as stare decisis.", "selected_sentences": [ "In common law legal systems , a precedent , or authority , is a principle or rule established in a previous legal case that is either binding on or persuasive for a court or other tribunal when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts .", "The principle by which judges are bound to precedents is known as stare decisis ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Calum Scott", "text": "On 11 April 2015 , Scott 's audition for the ninth series of Britain 's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV . Just before his audition , his sister Jade also auditioned , but was stopped early on both of her songs by Simon Cowell . Jade received three `` No '' votes from Amanda , David , and Simon ( Aleisha 's vote was unannounced as it was not needed ) . Despite obvious nerves at seeing his sister get rejected , Calum performed a cover of Robyn 's `` Dancing on My Own '' , which he had heard Kings of Leon performing on BBC Radio 1 's Live Lounge in 2013 . Following a standing ovation from the judging panel , Simon Cowell pressed the Golden Buzzer giving Scott an automatic place in the live shows . Explaining his decision to send Scott straight to the semi-finals , Cowell said : `` I 've never ever in all the years I 've done this show heard a guy with the talent you 've got . Seriously . And the version was sensational , and that shows to me that you 're more than a singer , you 're an artist and that 's why you got that ( the buzzer ) . '' After this audition , Scott received support from stars such as Little Mix and Ashton Kutcher . ", "sentences": [ "On 11 April 2015 , Scott 's audition for the ninth series of Britain 's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV .", "Just before his audition , his sister Jade also auditioned , but was stopped early on both of her songs by Simon Cowell .", "Jade received three `` No '' votes from Amanda , David , and Simon ( Aleisha 's vote was unannounced as it was not needed ) .", "Despite obvious nerves at seeing his sister get rejected , Calum performed a cover of Robyn 's `` Dancing on My Own '' , which he had heard Kings of Leon performing on BBC Radio 1 's Live Lounge in 2013 .", "Following a standing ovation from the judging panel , Simon Cowell pressed the Golden Buzzer giving Scott an automatic place in the live shows .", "Explaining his decision to send Scott straight to the semi-finals , Cowell said : `` I 've never ever in all the years I 've done this show heard a guy with the talent you 've got .", "Seriously .", "And the version was sensational , and that shows to me that you 're more than a singer , you 're an artist and that 's why you got that ( the buzzer ) . ''", "After this audition , Scott received support from stars such as Little Mix and Ashton Kutcher ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "On 11 April 2015, for the ninth series of Britain's Got Talent, Calum Scott performed a cover of Robyn's ``Dancing on My Own'', which he had heard Kings of Leon performing on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge in 2013.", "selected_sentences": [ "On 11 April 2015 , Scott 's audition for the ninth series of Britain 's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV .", "Despite obvious nerves at seeing his sister get rejected , Calum performed a cover of Robyn 's `` Dancing on My Own '' , which he had heard Kings of Leon performing on BBC Radio 1 's Live Lounge in 2013 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Old Flames Can't Hold a Candle to You", "text": "`` Old Flames Ca n't Hold a Candle to You '' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt . It was a number 14 U.S. country hit for Joe Sun in 1978 , and a number 86 hit for Brian Collins the same year . It was later covered by Dolly Parton , who took it to the top of the U.S. country singles charts in August 1980. . Parton included her version on her 1980 Dolly , Dolly , Dolly album , and it was released as the album 's second single after the success of `` Starting Over Again '' . In 2013 , Sebert 's daughter , Kesha , released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed . A new version featuring Parton is a track on Kesha 's 2017 album Rainbow . ", "sentences": [ "`` Old Flames Ca n't Hold a Candle to You '' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt .", "It was a number 14 U.S. country hit for Joe Sun in 1978 , and a number 86 hit for Brian Collins the same year .", "It was later covered by Dolly Parton , who took it to the top of the U.S. country singles charts in August 1980. .", "Parton included her version on her 1980 Dolly , Dolly , Dolly album , and it was released as the album 's second single after the success of `` Starting Over Again '' .", "In 2013 , Sebert 's daughter , Kesha , released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed .", "A new version featuring Parton is a track on Kesha 's 2017 album Rainbow ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "`` Old Flames Ca n't Hold a Candle to You '' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt . It was later covered by Dolly Parton. In 2013 , Sebert 's daughter , Kesha , released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed .", "selected_sentences": [ "`` Old Flames Ca n't Hold a Candle to You '' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt .", "It was later covered by Dolly Parton , who took it to the top of the U.S. country singles charts in August 1980. .", "In 2013 , Sebert 's daughter , Kesha , released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "``Old Flames Can't Hold a Candle to You'' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt. It was later covered by Dolly Parton. In 2013, Sebert's daughter, Kesha, released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` Old Flames Ca n't Hold a Candle to You '' is a country song written by singer - songwriter Pebe Sebert and Hugh Moffatt .", "It was later covered by Dolly Parton , who took it to the top of the U.S. country singles charts in August 1980. .", "In 2013 , Sebert 's daughter , Kesha , released an acoustic cover of the song as part of her extended play Deconstructed ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Draft Day", "text": "As in the film , the Cleveland Browns made splashes at the draft , trading up to select quarterback Johnny Manziel with the 22nd pick . The team also made several deals , trading away their fourth pick to the Buffalo Bills but for their ninth pick , as well as their 2015 first round pick . They later traded up to the eighth pick to draft Justin Gilbert . Finally , after watching Manziel drop farther than projected , they again traded up for the 22nd pick . Chris Berman , who played himself in the fictionalized draft , commented at the 2014 NFL Draft that the events surrounding the Cleveland Browns were more exciting than the film . Unlike the film , the Browns selected the much - hyped Heisman Trophy winning quarterback , as opposed to passing on Bo Callahan , the fictionalized first pick favorite . ", "sentences": [ "As in the film , the Cleveland Browns made splashes at the draft , trading up to select quarterback Johnny Manziel with the 22nd pick .", "The team also made several deals , trading away their fourth pick to the Buffalo Bills but for their ninth pick , as well as their 2015 first round pick .", "They later traded up to the eighth pick to draft Justin Gilbert .", "Finally , after watching Manziel drop farther than projected , they again traded up for the 22nd pick .", "Chris Berman , who played himself in the fictionalized draft , commented at the 2014 NFL Draft that the events surrounding the Cleveland Browns were more exciting than the film .", "Unlike the film , the Browns selected the much - hyped Heisman Trophy winning quarterback , as opposed to passing on Bo Callahan , the fictionalized first pick favorite ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The movie Draft Day is based on the team Cleveland Browns including Justin Gilbert, Johnny Manziel and Chris Berman who played himself in the fictionalized draft.", "selected_sentences": [ "Chris Berman , who played himself in the fictionalized draft , commented at the 2014 NFL Draft that the events surrounding the Cleveland Browns were more exciting than the film ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Bee Gees", "text": "The Bee Gees were a pop music group formed in 1958 . Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry , Robin , and Maurice Gibb . The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music , but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success : as a popular music act in the late 1960s and early 1970s , and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the mid-to - late 1970s . The group sang recognisable three - part tight harmonies ; Robin 's clear vibrato lead vocals were a hallmark of their earlier hits , while Barry 's R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the mid-to - late 1970s and 1980s . The Bee Gees wrote all of their own hits , as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists . ", "sentences": [ "The Bee Gees were a pop music group formed in 1958 .", "Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry , Robin , and Maurice Gibb .", "The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music , but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success : as a popular music act in the late 1960s and early 1970s , and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the mid-to - late 1970s .", "The group sang recognisable three - part tight harmonies ; Robin 's clear vibrato lead vocals were a hallmark of their earlier hits , while Barry 's R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the mid-to - late 1970s and 1980s .", "The Bee Gees wrote all of their own hits , as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Bee Gees consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb, wrote all of their own hits, as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists.", "selected_sentences": [ "Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry , Robin , and Maurice Gibb .", "The Bee Gees wrote all of their own hits , as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The One and Only Ivan", "text": "When Ruby , a baby elephant is brought to the Big Top Mall to live with Stella and learn new tricks , things begin to change . Stella 's old injury causes her to get sick . Just before Stella succumbs to her illness and passes away , she asks Ivan to take care of Ruby and find her a better place . Ivan promises he will take care of Ruby , even though he does not know how he will manage to do it . After Stella 's death , Ivan begins to remember his life before the Big Top Mall , and what it was like to have freedom , if only to have stories to tell to Ruby . While Mack , the owner of the Big Top Mall is trying to train Ruby to do tricks , Ivan witnesses first hand the abuse to which she is subjected and starts to decide how to keep his promise to Stella . ", "sentences": [ "When Ruby , a baby elephant is brought to the Big Top Mall to live with Stella and learn new tricks , things begin to change .", "Stella 's old injury causes her to get sick .", "Just before Stella succumbs to her illness and passes away , she asks Ivan to take care of Ruby and find her a better place .", "Ivan promises he will take care of Ruby , even though he does not know how he will manage to do it .", "After Stella 's death , Ivan begins to remember his life before the Big Top Mall , and what it was like to have freedom , if only to have stories to tell to Ruby .", "While Mack , the owner of the Big Top Mall is trying to train Ruby to do tricks , Ivan witnesses first hand the abuse to which she is subjected and starts to decide how to keep his promise to Stella ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Ruby , a baby elephant is brought to the Big Top Mall to live with Stella and learn new tricks. Stella gets sick and just before Stella passes away, she asks Ivan to take care of Ruby and find her a better place. While Mack, the owner of the Big Top Mall is trying to train Ruby to do tricks, Ivan witnesses first hand the abuse to which she is subjected and starts to decide how to keep his promise to Stella.", "selected_sentences": [ "When Ruby , a baby elephant is brought to the Big Top Mall to live with Stella and learn new tricks , things begin to change .", "Stella 's old injury causes her to get sick .", "Just before Stella succumbs to her illness and passes away , she asks Ivan to take care of Ruby and find her a better place .", "While Mack , the owner of the Big Top Mall is trying to train Ruby to do tricks , Ivan witnesses first hand the abuse to which she is subjected and starts to decide how to keep his promise to Stella ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "List of original Coronation Street characters", "text": "The biggest change to hit the cast occurred in 1964 when Tim Aspinall , a young man bursting with ideas , was named as the new producer . Within days , he had axed several fan favourites including Frank Barlow , Harry and Concepta Hewitt , and most controversially , Martha Longhurst . It was later reported that ITV bosses had stepped in to save Albert Tatlock , Ken and Valerie Barlow , and Lucille Hewitt from the chop . Martha was a particular favourite with viewers , who enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell , due to their many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals . Martha 's death caused outrage with the public and the cast , so much so that actress Violet Carson , who played Ena , almost refused to take part in Martha 's final scene . ", "sentences": [ "The biggest change to hit the cast occurred in 1964 when Tim Aspinall , a young man bursting with ideas , was named as the new producer .", "Within days , he had axed several fan favourites including Frank Barlow , Harry and Concepta Hewitt , and most controversially , Martha Longhurst .", "It was later reported that ITV bosses had stepped in to save Albert Tatlock , Ken and Valerie Barlow , and Lucille Hewitt from the chop .", "Martha was a particular favourite with viewers , who enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell , due to their many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals .", "Martha 's death caused outrage with the public and the cast , so much so that actress Violet Carson , who played Ena , almost refused to take part in Martha 's final scene ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Martha Longhurst was a particular favourite with viewers , who enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell , due to their many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals .", "selected_sentences": [ "Within days , he had axed several fan favourites including Frank Barlow , Harry and Concepta Hewitt , and most controversially , Martha Longhurst .", "Martha was a particular favourite with viewers , who enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell , due to their many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Martha Longhurst enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell, with many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals.", "selected_sentences": [ "Within days , he had axed several fan favourites including Frank Barlow , Harry and Concepta Hewitt , and most controversially , Martha Longhurst .", "Martha was a particular favourite with viewers , who enjoyed her friendship with Ena Sharples and Minnie Caldwell , due to their many scenes sat in the snug of the Rovers Return gossiping about the locals ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Great Chicago Fire", "text": "The fire started at about 9 : 00 p.m. on October 8 , in or around a small barn belonging to the O'Leary family that bordered the alley behind 137 DeKoven Street . The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire , but city officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze . There has , however , been much speculation over the years . The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow , who allegedly knocked over a lantern ; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern . Still other speculation suggests that the blaze was related to other fires in the Midwest that day . ", "sentences": [ "The fire started at about 9 : 00 p.m. on October 8 , in or around a small barn belonging to the O'Leary family that bordered the alley behind 137 DeKoven Street .", "The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire , but city officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze .", "There has , however , been much speculation over the years .", "The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow , who allegedly knocked over a lantern ; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern .", "Still other speculation suggests that the blaze was related to other fires in the Midwest that day ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "City officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze . The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow , who allegedly knocked over a lantern ; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern .", "selected_sentences": [ "The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire , but city officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze .", "The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow , who allegedly knocked over a lantern ; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "City officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze. The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow, who allegedly knocked over a lantern; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern.", "selected_sentences": [ "The shed next to the barn was the first building to be consumed by the fire , but city officials never determined the exact cause of the blaze .", "The most popular tale blames Mrs. O'Leary's cow , who allegedly knocked over a lantern ; others state that a group of men were gambling inside the barn and knocked over a lantern ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Industrial Revolution", "text": "In 1793 , Samuel Slater ( 1768 -- 1835 ) founded the Slater Mill at Pawtucket , Rhode Island . He had learned of the new textile technologies as a boy apprentice in Derbyshire , England , and defied laws against the emigration of skilled workers by leaving for New York in 1789 , hoping to make money with his knowledge . After founding Slater 's Mill , he went on to own 13 textile mills . Daniel Day established a wool carding mill in the Blackstone Valley at Uxbridge , Massachusetts in 1809 , the third woollen mill established in the US ( The first was in Hartford , Connecticut , and the second at Watertown , Massachusetts . ) The John H. Chafee Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor retraces the history of `` America 's Hardest - Working River ' , the Blackstone . The Blackstone River and its tributaries , which cover more than 45 miles ( 72 km ) from Worcester , Massachusetts to Providence , Rhode Island , was the birthplace of America 's Industrial Revolution . At its peak over 1100 mills operated in this valley , including Slater 's mill , and with it the earliest beginnings of America 's Industrial and Technological Development . ", "sentences": [ "In 1793 , Samuel Slater ( 1768 -- 1835 ) founded the Slater Mill at Pawtucket , Rhode Island .", "He had learned of the new textile technologies as a boy apprentice in Derbyshire , England , and defied laws against the emigration of skilled workers by leaving for New York in 1789 , hoping to make money with his knowledge .", "After founding Slater 's Mill , he went on to own 13 textile mills .", "Daniel Day established a wool carding mill in the Blackstone Valley at Uxbridge , Massachusetts in 1809 , the third woollen mill established in the US ( The first was in Hartford , Connecticut , and the second at Watertown , Massachusetts . )", "The John H. Chafee Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor retraces the history of `` America 's Hardest - Working River ' , the Blackstone .", "The Blackstone River and its tributaries , which cover more than 45 miles ( 72 km ) from Worcester , Massachusetts to Providence , Rhode Island , was the birthplace of America 's Industrial Revolution .", "At its peak over 1100 mills operated in this valley , including Slater 's mill , and with it the earliest beginnings of America 's Industrial and Technological Development ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1793, Samuel Slater founded the Slater Mill at Pawtucket, Rhode Island. After founding Slater's Mill, he went on to own 13 textile mills.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1793 , Samuel Slater ( 1768 -- 1835 ) founded the Slater Mill at Pawtucket , Rhode Island .", "After founding Slater 's Mill , he went on to own 13 textile mills ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "T-Dog (The Walking Dead)", "text": "In the season premiere `` What Lies Ahead '' , T - Dog and the remaining survivors begin travelling to Fort Benning when they encounter a blockade of abandoned vehicles , and Dale 's RV breaks down . When a large herd of walkers approaches , T - Dog slices his arm on a car door , while some of the walkers chase after Sophia , who goes missing . In the episode `` Bloodletting '' , he shows concern about being the only African - American member of the group and asks Dale to run away with him . Dale believes that T - Dog has contracted a blood infection from his wound , and Daryl later gives Dale some painkillers and doxycycline antibiotics that Merle had been carrying around . In the episode `` Save the Last One '' , Glenn and T - Dog journey to Hershel 's farm , where T - Dog receives medical treatment for blood poisoning . In the episode `` Cherokee Rose '' , the group is allowed to stay at the farm while they search for Sophia . T - Dog helps extract a walker from one of the farm 's wells , but when the walker bursts open it contaminates the water , and T - Dog kills it with an axe . In the episode `` Chupacabra '' , when Daryl returns to camp after searching for Sophia , Andrea spots him in the distance but confuses him for a walker and shoots him . T - Dog finds Daryl wounded , and discovers that he had found Sophia 's doll . In the episode `` Secrets '' , T - Dog helps give firearm training to some of the others at the farm . In the episode `` Pretty Much Dead Already '' , Shane Walsh breaks open Hershel 's barn , where he had been sheltering walkers who had been his family , friends , and neighbors , and T - Dog helps shoot the walkers as they come out of the barn . In the episode `` Nebraska '' , T - Dog helps burn the walker bodies . In the episode `` Triggerfinger '' , T - Dog is seen with the group when Shane reveals that Lori is pregnant , and later when the group discusses what to do with Randall , who was captured some of the others after his group attacked them . In the episode `` Judge , Jury , Executioner '' , T - Dog is seen attending the group debate over Randall 's fate , and later witnesses Daryl mercy killing Dale after he had been ripped open by a walker . In the episode `` Better Angels '' , Hershel allows the group to stay at his farm indefinitely following Dale 's death . T - Dog helps the group move into Hershel 's home , and he later notices that Randall is no longer in the barn where he was being held . In the season finale `` Beside the Dying Fire '' , walkers overrun the farm , and he escapes with a few other survivors . He is keen on moving on and escaping , but Lori convinces him to turn back to get Rick and the others . ", "sentences": [ "In the season premiere `` What Lies Ahead '' , T - Dog and the remaining survivors begin travelling to Fort Benning when they encounter a blockade of abandoned vehicles , and Dale 's RV breaks down .", "When a large herd of walkers approaches , T - Dog slices his arm on a car door , while some of the walkers chase after Sophia , who goes missing .", "In the episode `` Bloodletting '' , he shows concern about being the only African - American member of the group and asks Dale to run away with him .", "Dale believes that T - Dog has contracted a blood infection from his wound , and Daryl later gives Dale some painkillers and doxycycline antibiotics that Merle had been carrying around .", "In the episode `` Save the Last One '' , Glenn and T - Dog journey to Hershel 's farm , where T - Dog receives medical treatment for blood poisoning .", "In the episode `` Cherokee Rose '' , the group is allowed to stay at the farm while they search for Sophia .", "T - Dog helps extract a walker from one of the farm 's wells , but when the walker bursts open it contaminates the water , and T - Dog kills it with an axe .", "In the episode `` Chupacabra '' , when Daryl returns to camp after searching for Sophia , Andrea spots him in the distance but confuses him for a walker and shoots him .", "T - Dog finds Daryl wounded , and discovers that he had found Sophia 's doll .", "In the episode `` Secrets '' , T - Dog helps give firearm training to some of the others at the farm .", "In the episode `` Pretty Much Dead Already '' , Shane Walsh breaks open Hershel 's barn , where he had been sheltering walkers who had been his family , friends , and neighbors , and T - Dog helps shoot the walkers as they come out of the barn .", "In the episode `` Nebraska '' , T - Dog helps burn the walker bodies .", "In the episode `` Triggerfinger '' , T - Dog is seen with the group when Shane reveals that Lori is pregnant , and later when the group discusses what to do with Randall , who was captured some of the others after his group attacked them .", "In the episode `` Judge , Jury , Executioner '' , T - Dog is seen attending the group debate over Randall 's fate , and later witnesses Daryl mercy killing Dale after he had been ripped open by a walker .", "In the episode `` Better Angels '' , Hershel allows the group to stay at his farm indefinitely following Dale 's death .", "T - Dog helps the group move into Hershel 's home , and he later notices that Randall is no longer in the barn where he was being held .", "In the season finale `` Beside the Dying Fire '' , walkers overrun the farm , and he escapes with a few other survivors .", "He is keen on moving on and escaping , but Lori convinces him to turn back to get Rick and the others ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the season premiere T - Dog and the remaining survivors begin travelling to Fort Benning. T - Dog slices his arm on a car door and contracts a blood infection from his wound. Glenn and T - Dog journey to Hershel's farm, where T - Dog receives medical treatment for blood poisoning. T - Dog helps give firearm training to some of the others at the farm. Shane Walsh breaks open Hershel's barn, where he had been sheltering walkers who had been his family, friends and neighbors, and T - Dog helps shoot the walkers as they come out of the barn. In the episode ``Better Angels'', Hershel allows the group to stay at his farm indefinitely. T - Dog helps the group move into Hershel's home. In the season finale walkers overrun the farm, he escapes with a few other survivors. He is keen on moving on and escaping, but Lori convinces him to turn back to get Rick and the others.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the season premiere `` What Lies Ahead '' , T - Dog and the remaining survivors begin travelling to Fort Benning when they encounter a blockade of abandoned vehicles , and Dale 's RV breaks down .", "When a large herd of walkers approaches , T - Dog slices his arm on a car door , while some of the walkers chase after Sophia , who goes missing .", "Dale believes that T - Dog has contracted a blood infection from his wound , and Daryl later gives Dale some painkillers and doxycycline antibiotics that Merle had been carrying around .", "In the episode `` Save the Last One '' , Glenn and T - Dog journey to Hershel 's farm , where T - Dog receives medical treatment for blood poisoning .", "In the episode `` Secrets '' , T - Dog helps give firearm training to some of the others at the farm .", "In the episode `` Pretty Much Dead Already '' , Shane Walsh breaks open Hershel 's barn , where he had been sheltering walkers who had been his family , friends , and neighbors , and T - Dog helps shoot the walkers as they come out of the barn .", "In the episode `` Better Angels '' , Hershel allows the group to stay at his farm indefinitely following Dale 's death .", "T - Dog helps the group move into Hershel 's home , and he later notices that Randall is no longer in the barn where he was being held .", "In the season finale `` Beside the Dying Fire '' , walkers overrun the farm , and he escapes with a few other survivors .", "He is keen on moving on and escaping , but Lori convinces him to turn back to get Rick and the others ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Finances of the British royal family", "text": "The finances of the British royal family come from a number of sources . The UK Parliament supports the monarch and other members of the royal household financially by means of the Sovereign Grant , a percentage of the annual profits of the Crown Estate which is intended to meet the costs of the sovereign 's official expenditures . This includes the costs of the upkeep of the various royal residences , staffing , travel and state visits , public engagements , and official entertainment . Other sources of income include revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall , a parliamentary annuity , and income from private investments . The Keeper of the Privy Purse is Head of the Privy Purse and Treasurer 's Office and has overall responsibility for the management of the sovereign 's financial affairs . ", "sentences": [ "The finances of the British royal family come from a number of sources .", "The UK Parliament supports the monarch and other members of the royal household financially by means of the Sovereign Grant , a percentage of the annual profits of the Crown Estate which is intended to meet the costs of the sovereign 's official expenditures .", "This includes the costs of the upkeep of the various royal residences , staffing , travel and state visits , public engagements , and official entertainment .", "Other sources of income include revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall , a parliamentary annuity , and income from private investments .", "The Keeper of the Privy Purse is Head of the Privy Purse and Treasurer 's Office and has overall responsibility for the management of the sovereign 's financial affairs ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The UK Parliament supports the monarch and other members of the royal household financially by means of the Sovereign Grant, a percentage of the annual profits of the Crown Estate. Other sources of income are revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall, a parliamentary annuity, and income from private investments.", "selected_sentences": [ "The UK Parliament supports the monarch and other members of the royal household financially by means of the Sovereign Grant , a percentage of the annual profits of the Crown Estate which is intended to meet the costs of the sovereign 's official expenditures .", "Other sources of income include revenues from the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall , a parliamentary annuity , and income from private investments ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Verses upon the Burning of our House", "text": "Verses upon the Burning of our House ( full title : Here follow some verses upon the burning of our house , July 10 , 1666 ) is a poem by Anne Bradstreet . She wrote it to express the traumatic loss of her home and most of her material . However , she expands the understanding that God had taken them away in order for her family to live a more pious life . She feels guilty that she is hurt from losing earthly possessions . It is against her belief that she should feel this way ; showing she is a sinner . Her deep puritan beliefs brought her to accept that the loss of material was a spiritually necessary occurrence . She reminds herself that her future , and anything that has value , lies in heaven . Though she feels guilty , she knows that she is one of the fortunate ones who have salvation regardless ; God gives it to his followers , and will help them fight their sin on this earth . The burning of her house was to fight her family 's sins of material idols . ", "sentences": [ "Verses upon the Burning of our House ( full title : Here follow some verses upon the burning of our house , July 10 , 1666 ) is a poem by Anne Bradstreet .", "She wrote it to express the traumatic loss of her home and most of her material .", "However , she expands the understanding that God had taken them away in order for her family to live a more pious life .", "She feels guilty that she is hurt from losing earthly possessions .", "It is against her belief that she should feel this way ; showing she is a sinner .", "Her deep puritan beliefs brought her to accept that the loss of material was a spiritually necessary occurrence .", "She reminds herself that her future , and anything that has value , lies in heaven .", "Though she feels guilty , she knows that she is one of the fortunate ones who have salvation regardless ; God gives it to his followers , and will help them fight their sin on this earth .", "The burning of her house was to fight her family 's sins of material idols ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Anne Bradstreet wrote it to express the traumatic loss of her home and most of her material, however, she expands the understanding that God had taken them away in order for her family to live a more pious life. Her deep puritan beliefs brought her to accept that the loss of material was a spiritually necessary occurrence. She reminds herself that her future, and anything that has value, lies in heaven. The burning of her house was to fight her family's sins of material idols.", "selected_sentences": [ "Verses upon the Burning of our House ( full title : Here follow some verses upon the burning of our house , July 10 , 1666 ) is a poem by Anne Bradstreet .", "She wrote it to express the traumatic loss of her home and most of her material .", "However , she expands the understanding that God had taken them away in order for her family to live a more pious life .", "Her deep puritan beliefs brought her to accept that the loss of material was a spiritually necessary occurrence .", "She reminds herself that her future , and anything that has value , lies in heaven .", "The burning of her house was to fight her family 's sins of material idols ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha", "text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not . They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them . They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules . The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting . The date of election of speaker is fixed by the President . Further , all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker . The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament . The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha is the Chairman , who is the Vice President of India . In the warrant of precedence , the speaker of Lok Sabha comes next only to The Deputy Prime Minister of India . Speaker has the sixth rank in the political executive of India ", "sentences": [ "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not .", "They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them .", "They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules .", "The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting .", "The date of election of speaker is fixed by the President .", "Further , all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker .", "The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament .", "The counterpart of the Speaker in the Rajya Sabha is the Chairman , who is the Vice President of India .", "In the warrant of precedence , the speaker of Lok Sabha comes next only to The Deputy Prime Minister of India .", "Speaker has the sixth rank in the political executive of India" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not . They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them . They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules . The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting . Further , all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker . The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not .", "They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them .", "They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules .", "The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting .", "Further , all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker .", "The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not . They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them. They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence, motion of adjournment, motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules. The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting. Further, all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker. The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha conducts the business in house ; and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not .", "They maintain discipline and decorum in the house and can punish a member for their unruly behaviour by suspending them .", "They also permit the moving of various kinds of motions and resolutions such as a motion of no confidence , motion of adjournment , motion of censure and calling attention notice as per the rules .", "The Speaker decides on the agenda to be taken up for discussion during the meeting .", "Further , all comments and speeches made by members of the House are addressed to the speaker .", "The speaker also presides over the joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cranberry", "text": "Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U.S. states of Massachusetts , New Jersey , Oregon , Washington , and Wisconsin , as well as in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia , New Brunswick , Ontario , Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island , Newfoundland and Quebec . British Columbia 's Fraser River Valley region produces 17 million kg of cranberries annually from 1,150 hectares , about 95 % of total Canadian production . In the United States , Wisconsin is the leading producer of cranberries , with over half of U.S. production . Massachusetts is the second largest U.S. producer . Small volume production occurs in southern Argentina , Chile and the Netherlands . ", "sentences": [ "Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U.S. states of Massachusetts , New Jersey , Oregon , Washington , and Wisconsin , as well as in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia , New Brunswick , Ontario , Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island , Newfoundland and Quebec .", "British Columbia 's Fraser River Valley region produces 17 million kg of cranberries annually from 1,150 hectares , about 95 % of total Canadian production .", "In the United States , Wisconsin is the leading producer of cranberries , with over half of U.S. production .", "Massachusetts is the second largest U.S. producer .", "Small volume production occurs in southern Argentina , Chile and the Netherlands ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U.S. states of Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oregon, Washington and Wisconsin. Wisconsin is the leading producer of cranberries and Massachusetts is the second largest.", "selected_sentences": [ "Cranberries are a major commercial crop in the U.S. states of Massachusetts , New Jersey , Oregon , Washington , and Wisconsin , as well as in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia , New Brunswick , Ontario , Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island , Newfoundland and Quebec .", "In the United States , Wisconsin is the leading producer of cranberries , with over half of U.S. production .", "Massachusetts is the second largest U.S. producer ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Child care", "text": "Child care , or otherwise known as daycare , is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time . The age ranges anywhere from six weeks up to age thirteen . Child care is the action or skill of looking after children by a day - care center , nannies , babysitter , teachers or other providers . Child care is a broad topic that covers a wide spectrum of professionals , institutions , contexts , activities , social and cultural conventions . Early child care is an equally important and often overlooked component of child development . Child care providers can be children 's first teachers , and therefore play an integral role in systems of early childhood education . Quality care from a young age can have a substantial impact on the future successes of children . The main focus of childcare is on the development of the child , whether that be mental , social , or psychological . ", "sentences": [ "Child care , or otherwise known as daycare , is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time .", "The age ranges anywhere from six weeks up to age thirteen .", "Child care is the action or skill of looking after children by a day - care center , nannies , babysitter , teachers or other providers .", "Child care is a broad topic that covers a wide spectrum of professionals , institutions , contexts , activities , social and cultural conventions .", "Early child care is an equally important and often overlooked component of child development .", "Child care providers can be children 's first teachers , and therefore play an integral role in systems of early childhood education .", "Quality care from a young age can have a substantial impact on the future successes of children .", "The main focus of childcare is on the development of the child , whether that be mental , social , or psychological ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Child care, or otherwise known as daycare, is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time. Its main focus is on the development of the child, whether that be mental, social, or psychological .", "selected_sentences": [ "Child care , or otherwise known as daycare , is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time .", "The main focus of childcare is on the development of the child , whether that be mental , social , or psychological ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Autonomic nervous system", "text": "The autonomic nervous system has three branches : the sympathetic nervous system , the parasympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system . Some textbooks do not include the enteric nervous system as part of this system . The sympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` fight or flight '' system , while the parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` rest and digest '' or `` feed and breed '' system . In many cases , both of these systems have `` opposite '' actions where one system activates a physiological response and the other inhibits it . An older simplification of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems as `` excitatory '' and `` inhibitory '' was overturned due to the many exceptions found . A more modern characterization is that the sympathetic nervous system is a `` quick response mobilizing system '' and the parasympathetic is a `` more slowly activated dampening system '' , but even this has exceptions , such as in sexual arousal and orgasm , wherein both play a role . ", "sentences": [ "The autonomic nervous system has three branches : the sympathetic nervous system , the parasympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system .", "Some textbooks do not include the enteric nervous system as part of this system .", "The sympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` fight or flight '' system , while the parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` rest and digest '' or `` feed and breed '' system .", "In many cases , both of these systems have `` opposite '' actions where one system activates a physiological response and the other inhibits it .", "An older simplification of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems as `` excitatory '' and `` inhibitory '' was overturned due to the many exceptions found .", "A more modern characterization is that the sympathetic nervous system is a `` quick response mobilizing system '' and the parasympathetic is a `` more slowly activated dampening system '' , but even this has exceptions , such as in sexual arousal and orgasm , wherein both play a role ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The sympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` fight or flight '' system , while the parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` rest and digest '' or `` feed and breed '' system. In many cases , one system activates a physiological response and the other inhibits it. The sympathetic nervous system is a `` quick response mobilizing system '' and the parasympathetic is a `` more slowly activated dampening system.\" In sexual arousal and orgasm , both systems play a role .", "selected_sentences": [ "The sympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` fight or flight '' system , while the parasympathetic nervous system is often considered the `` rest and digest '' or `` feed and breed '' system .", "In many cases , both of these systems have `` opposite '' actions where one system activates a physiological response and the other inhibits it .", "A more modern characterization is that the sympathetic nervous system is a `` quick response mobilizing system '' and the parasympathetic is a `` more slowly activated dampening system '' , but even this has exceptions , such as in sexual arousal and orgasm , wherein both play a role ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Agent Orange", "text": "In mid-1961 , President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam asked the United States to conduct aerial herbicide spraying in his country . In August of that year , the Republic of Vietnam Air Force conducted herbicide operations with American help . But Diem 's request launched a policy debate in the White House and the State and Defense Departments . However , U.S. officials considered using it , pointing out that the British had already used herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency in the 1950s . In November 1961 , President John F. Kennedy authorized the start of Operation Ranch Hand , the codename for the U.S. Air Force 's herbicide program in Vietnam . ", "sentences": [ "In mid-1961 , President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam asked the United States to conduct aerial herbicide spraying in his country .", "In August of that year , the Republic of Vietnam Air Force conducted herbicide operations with American help .", "But Diem 's request launched a policy debate in the White House and the State and Defense Departments .", "However , U.S. officials considered using it , pointing out that the British had already used herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency in the 1950s .", "In November 1961 , President John F. Kennedy authorized the start of Operation Ranch Hand , the codename for the U.S. Air Force 's herbicide program in Vietnam ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In mid-1961, President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam asked the United States to conduct aerial herbicide spraying in his country. U.S. officials considered using it, pointing out that the British had already used herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency in the 1950s.", "selected_sentences": [ "In mid-1961 , President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam asked the United States to conduct aerial herbicide spraying in his country .", "However , U.S. officials considered using it , pointing out that the British had already used herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency in the 1950s ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "British Empire", "text": "The British Empire comprised the dominions , colonies , protectorates , mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states . It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries . At its height , it was the largest empire in history and , for over a century , was the foremost global power . By 1913 , the British Empire held sway over 412 million people , 7001230000000000000 ♠ 23 % of the world population at the time , and by 1920 , it covered 35,500,000 km ( 13,700,000 sq mi ) , 7001240000000000000 ♠ 24 % of the Earth 's total land area . As a result , its political , legal , linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread . At the peak of its power , the phrase `` the empire on which the sun never sets '' was often used to describe the British Empire , because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories . ", "sentences": [ "The British Empire comprised the dominions , colonies , protectorates , mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states .", "It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries .", "At its height , it was the largest empire in history and , for over a century , was the foremost global power .", "By 1913 , the British Empire held sway over 412 million people , 7001230000000000000 ♠ 23 % of the world population at the time , and by 1920 , it covered 35,500,000 km ( 13,700,000 sq mi ) , 7001240000000000000 ♠ 24 % of the Earth 's total land area .", "As a result , its political , legal , linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread .", "At the peak of its power , the phrase `` the empire on which the sun never sets '' was often used to describe the British Empire , because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. The phrase ``the empire on which the sun never sets'' was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.", "selected_sentences": [ "The British Empire comprised the dominions , colonies , protectorates , mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states .", "At the peak of its power , the phrase `` the empire on which the sun never sets '' was often used to describe the British Empire , because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "United States home front during World War II", "text": "Greater wartime production created millions of new jobs , while the draft reduced the number of young men available for civilian jobs . So great was the demand for labor that millions of retired people , housewives , and students entered the labor force , lured by patriotism and wages . The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service . With new shorter women clerks replacing taller men , some stores lowered shelves to 5 feet 8 inches ( 1.73 m ) . Before the war most groceries , dry cleaners , drugstores , and department stores offered home delivery service . The labor shortage and gasoline and tire rationing caused most retailers to stop delivery . They found that requiring customers to buy their products in person increased sales . ", "sentences": [ "Greater wartime production created millions of new jobs , while the draft reduced the number of young men available for civilian jobs .", "So great was the demand for labor that millions of retired people , housewives , and students entered the labor force , lured by patriotism and wages .", "The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service .", "With new shorter women clerks replacing taller men , some stores lowered shelves to 5 feet 8 inches ( 1.73 m ) .", "Before the war most groceries , dry cleaners , drugstores , and department stores offered home delivery service .", "The labor shortage and gasoline and tire rationing caused most retailers to stop delivery .", "They found that requiring customers to buy their products in person increased sales ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "There was such a demand for labor that millions of retired people , housewives , and students entered the labor force. The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service, and due to the the labor shortage, gasoline and tire rationing, most retailers stopped home delivery services.", "selected_sentences": [ "So great was the demand for labor that millions of retired people , housewives , and students entered the labor force , lured by patriotism and wages .", "The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service .", "Before the war most groceries , dry cleaners , drugstores , and department stores offered home delivery service .", "The labor shortage and gasoline and tire rationing caused most retailers to stop delivery ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "There was such a demand for labor that millions of retired people, housewives, and students entered the labor force. The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service, and due to the labor shortage and gasoline and tire rationing, most retailers stopped home delivery services requiring customers to buy their products in person that led to increased sales.", "selected_sentences": [ "So great was the demand for labor that millions of retired people , housewives , and students entered the labor force , lured by patriotism and wages .", "The shortage of grocery clerks caused retailers to convert from service at the counter to self - service .", "Before the war most groceries , dry cleaners , drugstores , and department stores offered home delivery service .", "The labor shortage and gasoline and tire rationing caused most retailers to stop delivery .", "They found that requiring customers to buy their products in person increased sales ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pluto (mythology)", "text": "Pluto ( Greek : Πλούτων , Ploutōn ) was the ruler of the underworld in classical mythology . The earlier name for the god was Hades , which became more common as the name of the underworld itself . In ancient Greek religion and mythology , Pluto represents a more positive concept of the god who presides over the afterlife . Ploutōn was frequently conflated with Ploutos ( Πλοῦτος , Plutus ) , a god of wealth , because mineral wealth was found underground , and because as a chthonic god Pluto ruled the deep earth that contained the seeds necessary for a bountiful harvest . The name Ploutōn came into widespread usage with the Eleusinian Mysteries , in which Pluto was venerated as a stern ruler but the loving husband of Persephone . The couple received souls in the afterlife , and are invoked together in religious inscriptions . Hades , by contrast , had few temples and religious practices associated with him , and he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone . ", "sentences": [ "Pluto ( Greek : Πλούτων , Ploutōn ) was the ruler of the underworld in classical mythology .", "The earlier name for the god was Hades , which became more common as the name of the underworld itself .", "In ancient Greek religion and mythology , Pluto represents a more positive concept of the god who presides over the afterlife .", "Ploutōn was frequently conflated with Ploutos ( Πλοῦτος , Plutus ) , a god of wealth , because mineral wealth was found underground , and because as a chthonic god Pluto ruled the deep earth that contained the seeds necessary for a bountiful harvest .", "The name Ploutōn came into widespread usage with the Eleusinian Mysteries , in which Pluto was venerated as a stern ruler but the loving husband of Persephone .", "The couple received souls in the afterlife , and are invoked together in religious inscriptions .", "Hades , by contrast , had few temples and religious practices associated with him , and he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Pluto was the ruler of the underworld in classical mythology. The earlier name for the god was Hades, which became more common as the name of the underworld itself. Pluto was venerated as a stern ruler but the loving husband of Persephone. Hades, by contrast, he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone.", "selected_sentences": [ "Pluto ( Greek : Πλούτων , Ploutōn ) was the ruler of the underworld in classical mythology .", "The earlier name for the god was Hades , which became more common as the name of the underworld itself .", "The name Ploutōn came into widespread usage with the Eleusinian Mysteries , in which Pluto was venerated as a stern ruler but the loving husband of Persephone .", "Hades , by contrast , had few temples and religious practices associated with him , and he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)", "text": "The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean : The Curse of the Black Pearl , which received positive reviews from critics and grossed US $ 654 million worldwide . After the first film 's success , Walt Disney Pictures revealed that a trilogy was in the works . The franchise 's second film , subtitled Dead Man 's Chest , was released three years later in 2006 ; the sequel proved successful , breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere . Dead Man 's Chest ended up being the number one film of the year upon earning almost $1.1 billion at the worldwide box office . The third film in the series , subtitled At World 's End , followed in 2007 earning $960 million , and Disney released a fourth film , subtitled On Stranger Tides , in 2011 in conventional 2D , Digital 3 - D and IMAX 3D . On Stranger Tides succeeded in also grossing more than $1 billion , becoming the second film in the franchise and only the eighth film in history to achieve this . ", "sentences": [ "The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean : The Curse of the Black Pearl , which received positive reviews from critics and grossed US $ 654 million worldwide .", "After the first film 's success , Walt Disney Pictures revealed that a trilogy was in the works .", "The franchise 's second film , subtitled Dead Man 's Chest , was released three years later in 2006 ; the sequel proved successful , breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere .", "Dead Man 's Chest ended up being the number one film of the year upon earning almost $1.1 billion at the worldwide box office .", "The third film in the series , subtitled At World 's End , followed in 2007 earning $960 million , and Disney released a fourth film , subtitled On Stranger Tides , in 2011 in conventional 2D , Digital 3 - D and IMAX 3D .", "On Stranger Tides succeeded in also grossing more than $1 billion , becoming the second film in the franchise and only the eighth film in history to achieve this ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. The franchise's second film subtitled Dead Man's Chest was released three years later in 2006. The one subtitled At World's End followed in 2007, and On Stranger Tides in 2011.", "selected_sentences": [ "The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean : The Curse of the Black Pearl , which received positive reviews from critics and grossed US $ 654 million worldwide .", "The franchise 's second film , subtitled Dead Man 's Chest , was released three years later in 2006 ; the sequel proved successful , breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere .", "The third film in the series , subtitled At World 's End , followed in 2007 earning $960 million , and Disney released a fourth film , subtitled On Stranger Tides , in 2011 in conventional 2D , Digital 3 - D and IMAX 3D ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "One Thousand and One Nights", "text": "The history of the Nights is extremely complex and modern scholars have made many attempts to untangle the story of how the collection as it currently exists came about . Robert Irwin summarises their findings : `` In the 1880s and 1890s a lot of work was done on the Nights by Zotenberg and others , in the course of which a consensus view of the history of the text emerged . Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia . At some time , probably in the early 8th century , these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla , or ' The Thousand Nights ' . This collection then formed the basis of The Thousand and One Nights . The original core of stories was quite small . Then , in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century , this original core had Arab stories added to it -- among them some tales about the Caliph Harun al - Rashid . Also , perhaps from the 10th century onwards , previously independent sagas and story cycles were added to the compilation ( ... ) Then , from the 13th century onwards , a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt , many of these showing a preoccupation with sex , magic or low life . In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book 's title . '' ", "sentences": [ "The history of the Nights is extremely complex and modern scholars have made many attempts to untangle the story of how the collection as it currently exists came about .", "Robert Irwin summarises their findings : `` In the 1880s and 1890s a lot of work was done on the Nights by Zotenberg and others , in the course of which a consensus view of the history of the text emerged .", "Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia .", "At some time , probably in the early 8th century , these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla , or ' The Thousand Nights ' .", "This collection then formed the basis of The Thousand and One Nights .", "The original core of stories was quite small .", "Then , in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century , this original core had Arab stories added to it -- among them some tales about the Caliph Harun al - Rashid .", "Also , perhaps from the 10th century onwards , previously independent sagas and story cycles were added to the compilation ( ... )", "Then , from the 13th century onwards , a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt , many of these showing a preoccupation with sex , magic or low life .", "In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book 's title . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia. At some time, probably in the early 8th century, these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla, or 'The Thousand Nights'. The original core of stories was quite small. Then, in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century, this original core had Arab stories added to it. Then, from the 13th century onwards, a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt. In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book's title.''", "selected_sentences": [ "Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia .", "At some time , probably in the early 8th century , these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla , or ' The Thousand Nights ' .", "The original core of stories was quite small .", "Then , in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century , this original core had Arab stories added to it -- among them some tales about the Caliph Harun al - Rashid .", "Then , from the 13th century onwards , a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt , many of these showing a preoccupation with sex , magic or low life .", "In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book 's title . ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Blood plasma", "text": "Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension ; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells . It makes up about 55 % of the body 's total blood volume . It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid ( all body fluid outside cells ) . It is mostly water ( up to 95 % by volume ) , and contains dissolved proteins ( 6 -- 8 % ) ( i.e. -- serum albumins , globulins , and fibrinogen ) , glucose , clotting factors , electrolytes ( Na , Ca , Mg , HCO , Cl , etc . ) , hormones , carbon dioxide ( plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation ) and oxygen . Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body . It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders . ", "sentences": [ "Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension ; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells .", "It makes up about 55 % of the body 's total blood volume .", "It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid ( all body fluid outside cells ) .", "It is mostly water ( up to 95 % by volume ) , and contains dissolved proteins ( 6 -- 8 % ) ( i.e. -- serum albumins , globulins , and fibrinogen ) , glucose , clotting factors , electrolytes ( Na , Ca , Mg , HCO , Cl , etc . ) , hormones , carbon dioxide ( plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation ) and oxygen .", "Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body .", "It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Blood plasma holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension, this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid. Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body. It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders.", "selected_sentences": [ "Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension ; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells .", "It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid ( all body fluid outside cells ) .", "Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body .", "It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird", "text": "Atticus does not want Jem and Scout to be present at Tom Robinson 's trial . No seat is available on the main floor , so by invitation of the Rev. Sykes , Jem , Scout , and Dill watch from the colored balcony . Atticus establishes that the accusers -- Mayella and her father , Bob Ewell , the town drunk -- are lying . It also becomes clear that the friendless Mayella made sexual advances toward Tom , and that her father caught her and beat her . Despite significant evidence of Tom 's innocence , the jury convicts him . Jem 's faith in justice becomes badly shaken , as is Atticus ' , when the hapless Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from prison . ", "sentences": [ "Atticus does not want Jem and Scout to be present at Tom Robinson 's trial .", "No seat is available on the main floor , so by invitation of the Rev. Sykes , Jem , Scout , and Dill watch from the colored balcony .", "Atticus establishes that the accusers -- Mayella and her father , Bob Ewell , the town drunk -- are lying .", "It also becomes clear that the friendless Mayella made sexual advances toward Tom , and that her father caught her and beat her .", "Despite significant evidence of Tom 's innocence , the jury convicts him .", "Jem 's faith in justice becomes badly shaken , as is Atticus ' , when the hapless Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from prison ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The accusers Mayella and her father, Bob Ewell, won the trial despite significant evidence of Tom Robinson's innocence; the jury convicts him.", "selected_sentences": [ "Atticus does not want Jem and Scout to be present at Tom Robinson 's trial .", "Atticus establishes that the accusers -- Mayella and her father , Bob Ewell , the town drunk -- are lying .", "Despite significant evidence of Tom 's innocence , the jury convicts him ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "At Tom Robinson's trial, Atticus establishes that the accusers - Mayella and her father, Bob Ewell, the town drunk - are lying. Despite significant evidence of Tom's innocence, the jury convicts him.", "selected_sentences": [ "Atticus does not want Jem and Scout to be present at Tom Robinson 's trial .", "Atticus establishes that the accusers -- Mayella and her father , Bob Ewell , the town drunk -- are lying .", "Despite significant evidence of Tom 's innocence , the jury convicts him ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sleeping with the Enemy (The Simpsons)", "text": "Late one night , Nelson is singing about his long lost father , while Lisa , unable to take any more starvation , eats an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny . The next day , Nelson helps Lisa get back at Sherri and Terri for teasing her . Nelson unleashes a skunk , which sprays both of them , while Lisa and the rest of the children point and sing a modified version of Jingle Bells . Both twins are horrified and run off screaming . When Lisa and Nelson return home , they find Nelson 's father , who Bart found working at a freak show in a circus . It turns out that Nelson 's dad had really gone to the Kwik - E-Mart ( which Nelson has repeatedly stated previously in the series ) , where he had gotten a severe allergic reaction from eating a chocolate bar full of peanuts . Coincidentally , the circus had made a stop in the Kwik - E-Mart parking lot , and the unscrupulous ringmaster noted the peanut matter and kept him as a forced freak for his traveling show . Nelson 's mother finally returns , after going to Hollywood and getting the lead role in Macbeth , playing Lady Macbeth . At the conclusion of this episode , Nelson appreciates what Bart did but says in an oddly kindly tone that this wo n't prevent him from beating Bart up in the future . Hearing this , Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues , but Lisa says that it 's a `` very open - ended problem '' and ( like many women and girls in real life ) she will never be content with her body image . Homer tries to goad Lisa into changing her mind and giving him comfort in resolution , but she refuses to do so . ", "sentences": [ "Late one night , Nelson is singing about his long lost father , while Lisa , unable to take any more starvation , eats an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny .", "The next day , Nelson helps Lisa get back at Sherri and Terri for teasing her .", "Nelson unleashes a skunk , which sprays both of them , while Lisa and the rest of the children point and sing a modified version of Jingle Bells .", "Both twins are horrified and run off screaming .", "When Lisa and Nelson return home , they find Nelson 's father , who Bart found working at a freak show in a circus .", "It turns out that Nelson 's dad had really gone to the Kwik - E-Mart ( which Nelson has repeatedly stated previously in the series ) , where he had gotten a severe allergic reaction from eating a chocolate bar full of peanuts .", "Coincidentally , the circus had made a stop in the Kwik - E-Mart parking lot , and the unscrupulous ringmaster noted the peanut matter and kept him as a forced freak for his traveling show .", "Nelson 's mother finally returns , after going to Hollywood and getting the lead role in Macbeth , playing Lady Macbeth .", "At the conclusion of this episode , Nelson appreciates what Bart did but says in an oddly kindly tone that this wo n't prevent him from beating Bart up in the future .", "Hearing this , Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues , but Lisa says that it 's a `` very open - ended problem '' and ( like many women and girls in real life ) she will never be content with her body image .", "Homer tries to goad Lisa into changing her mind and giving him comfort in resolution , but she refuses to do so ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In episode Sleeping with the Enemy of The Simpsons, Lisa was unable to take any more starvation and ate an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny.", "selected_sentences": [ "Late one night , Nelson is singing about his long lost father , while Lisa , unable to take any more starvation , eats an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny .", "At the conclusion of this episode , Nelson appreciates what Bart did but says in an oddly kindly tone that this wo n't prevent him from beating Bart up in the future ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In episode Sleeping with the Enemy of The Simpsons, Lisa was unable to take any more starvation and ate an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny. Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues, but Lisa says that it's a ``very open-ended problem'' and (like many women and girls in real life) she will never be content with her body image.", "selected_sentences": [ "Late one night , Nelson is singing about his long lost father , while Lisa , unable to take any more starvation , eats an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny .", "Hearing this , Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues , but Lisa says that it 's a `` very open - ended problem '' and ( like many women and girls in real life ) she will never be content with her body image ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Band gap", "text": "In solid - state physics , a band gap , also called an energy gap or bandgap , is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist . In graphs of the electronic band structure of solids , the band gap generally refers to the energy difference ( in electron volts ) between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band in insulators and semiconductors . It is the energy required to promote a valence electron bound to an atom to become a conduction electron , which is free to move within the crystal lattice and serve as a charge carrier to conduct electric current . It is closely related to the HOMO / LUMO gap in chemistry . If the valence band is completely full and the conduction band is completely empty , then electrons can not move in the solid ; however , if some electrons transfer from the valence to the conduction band , then current can flow ( see carrier generation and recombination ) . Therefore , the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid . Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators , those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors , while conductors either have very small band gaps or none , because the valence and conduction bands overlap . ", "sentences": [ "In solid - state physics , a band gap , also called an energy gap or bandgap , is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist .", "In graphs of the electronic band structure of solids , the band gap generally refers to the energy difference ( in electron volts ) between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band in insulators and semiconductors .", "It is the energy required to promote a valence electron bound to an atom to become a conduction electron , which is free to move within the crystal lattice and serve as a charge carrier to conduct electric current .", "It is closely related to the HOMO / LUMO gap in chemistry .", "If the valence band is completely full and the conduction band is completely empty , then electrons can not move in the solid ; however , if some electrons transfer from the valence to the conduction band , then current can flow ( see carrier generation and recombination ) .", "Therefore , the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid .", "Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators , those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors , while conductors either have very small band gaps or none , because the valence and conduction bands overlap ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In solid state physics, a band gap is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist. Therefore, the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid. Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators, those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors.", "selected_sentences": [ "In solid - state physics , a band gap , also called an energy gap or bandgap , is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist .", "Therefore , the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid .", "Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators , those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors , while conductors either have very small band gaps or none , because the valence and conduction bands overlap ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Peter and Rosemary Grant", "text": "Peter Raymond Grant , FRS , FRSC , and Barbara Rosemary Grant , FRS , FRSC , are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University . Each currently holds the position of emeritus professor . They are known for their work with Darwin 's finches on Daphne Major , one of the Galápagos Islands . Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing , tagging , and taking blood samples from finches on the island . They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime , or even within a couple of years . Charles Darwin originally thought that natural selection was a long , drawn out process . The Grants have shown that these changes in populations can happen very quickly . ", "sentences": [ "Peter Raymond Grant , FRS , FRSC , and Barbara Rosemary Grant , FRS , FRSC , are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University .", "Each currently holds the position of emeritus professor .", "They are known for their work with Darwin 's finches on Daphne Major , one of the Galápagos Islands .", "Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing , tagging , and taking blood samples from finches on the island .", "They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime , or even within a couple of years .", "Charles Darwin originally thought that natural selection was a long , drawn out process .", "The Grants have shown that these changes in populations can happen very quickly ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Peter Raymond Grant, FRS, FRSC, and Barbara Rosemary Grant, FRS, FRSC, are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University. They are known for their work with Darwin's finches on Daphne Major, one of the Galápagos Islands. Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing, tagging, and taking blood samples from finches on the island. They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime, or even within a couple of years.", "selected_sentences": [ "Peter Raymond Grant , FRS , FRSC , and Barbara Rosemary Grant , FRS , FRSC , are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University .", "They are known for their work with Darwin 's finches on Daphne Major , one of the Galápagos Islands .", "Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing , tagging , and taking blood samples from finches on the island .", "They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime , or even within a couple of years ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "First Fleet", "text": "It was soon realised that Botany Bay did not live up to the glowing account that the explorer Captain James Cook had provided . The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor . First contact was made with the local indigenous people , the Eora , who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers . The area was studded with enormously strong trees . When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder . The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms . The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude . Crucially , Phillip worried that his fledgling colony was exposed to attack from Aborigines or foreign powers . Although his initial instructions were to establish the colony at Botany Bay , he was authorised to establish the colony elsewhere if necessary . An ", "sentences": [ "It was soon realised that Botany Bay did not live up to the glowing account that the explorer Captain James Cook had provided .", "The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor .", "First contact was made with the local indigenous people , the Eora , who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers .", "The area was studded with enormously strong trees .", "When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder .", "The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms .", "The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude .", "Crucially , Phillip worried that his fledgling colony was exposed to attack from Aborigines or foreign powers .", "Although his initial instructions were to establish the colony at Botany Bay , he was authorised to establish the colony elsewhere if necessary .", "An" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor . The area was studded with enormously strong trees . When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke. The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms . The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude .", "selected_sentences": [ "The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor .", "The area was studded with enormously strong trees .", "When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder .", "The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms .", "The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Norman Bates", "text": "After Norman 's father died , Norman and his mother lived alone together `` as if there was no one else in the world '' until Norman reached adolescence , when his mother met Joe Considine ( Chet Rudolph in Psycho IV : The Beginning ) and planned to marry . Considine convinced Norma to open a motel . Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered both of them with strychnine . After committing the murders , Norman staged it like murder - suicide , making it look as if Norma had killed her fiancé and then herself . After a brief hospitalization for shock , he developed dissociative identity disorder , assuming his mother 's personality to repress his awareness of her death and to escape the feelings of guilt for murdering her . He inherited his mother 's house -- where he kept her corpse in the fruit cellar -- and the family motel in the ( fictional ) small town of Fairvale , California . ", "sentences": [ "After Norman 's father died , Norman and his mother lived alone together `` as if there was no one else in the world '' until Norman reached adolescence , when his mother met Joe Considine ( Chet Rudolph in Psycho IV : The Beginning ) and planned to marry .", "Considine convinced Norma to open a motel .", "Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered both of them with strychnine .", "After committing the murders , Norman staged it like murder - suicide , making it look as if Norma had killed her fiancé and then herself .", "After a brief hospitalization for shock , he developed dissociative identity disorder , assuming his mother 's personality to repress his awareness of her death and to escape the feelings of guilt for murdering her .", "He inherited his mother 's house -- where he kept her corpse in the fruit cellar -- and the family motel in the ( fictional ) small town of Fairvale , California ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered his mother met Joe Considine.", "selected_sentences": [ "After Norman 's father died , Norman and his mother lived alone together `` as if there was no one else in the world '' until Norman reached adolescence , when his mother met Joe Considine ( Chet Rudolph in Psycho IV : The Beginning ) and planned to marry .", "Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered both of them with strychnine ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "When Noman's mother met Joe Considine and planned to marry, driven over the edge with jealousy, Norman murdered both of them with strychnine.", "selected_sentences": [ "After Norman 's father died , Norman and his mother lived alone together `` as if there was no one else in the world '' until Norman reached adolescence , when his mother met Joe Considine ( Chet Rudolph in Psycho IV : The Beginning ) and planned to marry .", "Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered both of them with strychnine ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Mercury in fish", "text": "The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals . Mercury and methyl mercury are present in only very small concentrations in seawater . However , they are absorbed , usually as methyl mercury , by algae at the start of the food chain . This algae is then eaten by fish and other organisms higher in the food chain . Fish efficiently absorb methyl mercury , but excrete it very slowly . Methyl mercury is not soluble and therefore not excreted . Instead , it accumulates , primarily in the viscera , although also in the muscle tissue . This results in the bioaccumulation of mercury , in a buildup in the adipose tissue of successive trophic levels : zooplankton , small nekton , larger fish , and so on . The older that such fish become , the more mercury they may have absorbed . Anything that eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated . This process explains why predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than could be accounted for by direct exposure alone . Species on the food chain can amass body concentrations of mercury up to ten times higher than the species they consume . This process is called biomagnification . For example , herring contains mercury levels at about 0.1 parts per million , while shark contains mercury levels greater than 1 part per million . ", "sentences": [ "The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals .", "Mercury and methyl mercury are present in only very small concentrations in seawater .", "However , they are absorbed , usually as methyl mercury , by algae at the start of the food chain .", "This algae is then eaten by fish and other organisms higher in the food chain .", "Fish efficiently absorb methyl mercury , but excrete it very slowly .", "Methyl mercury is not soluble and therefore not excreted .", "Instead , it accumulates , primarily in the viscera , although also in the muscle tissue .", "This results in the bioaccumulation of mercury , in a buildup in the adipose tissue of successive trophic levels : zooplankton , small nekton , larger fish , and so on .", "The older that such fish become , the more mercury they may have absorbed .", "Anything that eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated .", "This process explains why predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than could be accounted for by direct exposure alone .", "Species on the food chain can amass body concentrations of mercury up to ten times higher than the species they consume .", "This process is called biomagnification .", "For example , herring contains mercury levels at about 0.1 parts per million , while shark contains mercury levels greater than 1 part per million ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals. Anything that eats fish also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated.", "selected_sentences": [ "The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals .", "Anything that eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Gossip Girl", "text": "There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale . Dan had always struggled to be an insider among the Upper East Side and had supposedly created Gossip Girl to gain more power and had been the one `` pulling the strings the whole time '' as mentioned by Serena in the finale . However , there was much speculation and controversy regarding this decision . Penn Badgley who played Dan , stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense . There were times during the show where he would be alone and read a Gossip Girl post and be completely blown away by it . ", "sentences": [ "There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale .", "Dan had always struggled to be an insider among the Upper East Side and had supposedly created Gossip Girl to gain more power and had been the one `` pulling the strings the whole time '' as mentioned by Serena in the finale .", "However , there was much speculation and controversy regarding this decision .", "Penn Badgley who played Dan , stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense .", "There were times during the show where he would be alone and read a Gossip Girl post and be completely blown away by it ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale. Penn Badgley who played Dan, stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense.", "selected_sentences": [ "There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale .", "Penn Badgley who played Dan , stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "New Zealand", "text": "New Zealand ( / ˈziːlənd / ( listen ) ; Māori : Aotearoa ( aɔˈtɛaɾɔa ) ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean . The country geographically comprises two main landmasses -- the North Island ( Te Ika - a-Māui ) , and the South Island ( Te Waipounamu ) -- and around 600 smaller islands . New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga . Because of its remoteness , it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans . During its long period of isolation , New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal , fungal and plant life . The country 's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions . New Zealand 's capital city is Wellington , while its most populous city is Auckland . ", "sentences": [ "New Zealand ( / ˈziːlənd / ( listen ) ;", "Māori : Aotearoa ( aɔˈtɛaɾɔa ) ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean .", "The country geographically comprises two main landmasses -- the North Island ( Te Ika - a-Māui ) , and the South Island ( Te Waipounamu ) -- and around 600 smaller islands .", "New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga .", "Because of its remoteness , it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans .", "During its long period of isolation , New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal , fungal and plant life .", "The country 's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions .", "New Zealand 's capital city is Wellington , while its most populous city is Auckland ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean . New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga .", "selected_sentences": [ "New Zealand ( / ˈziːlənd / ( listen ) ;", "Māori : Aotearoa ( aɔˈtɛaɾɔa ) ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean .", "New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pharynx", "text": "In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system . ( The conducting zone also includes the nose , larynx , trachea , bronchi , and bronchioles , and their function is to filter , warm , and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs . ) The pharynx makes up the part of the throat situated immediately behind the nasal cavity , behind the mouth and above the esophagus and larynx . The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections : the nasopharynx , the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx . It is also important in vocalization . ", "sentences": [ "In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system .", "( The conducting zone also includes the nose , larynx , trachea , bronchi , and bronchioles , and their function is to filter , warm , and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs . )", "The pharynx makes up the part of the throat situated immediately behind the nasal cavity , behind the mouth and above the esophagus and larynx .", "The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections : the nasopharynx , the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx .", "It is also important in vocalization ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The pharynx is part of the digestive system and of the conducting zone of the respiratory system, and is also important in vocalization.", "selected_sentences": [ "In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system .", "It is also important in vocalization ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The pharynx is part of the digestive system and of the conducting zone of the respiratory system. The pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. and is important in vocalization.", "selected_sentences": [ "In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system .", "The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections : the nasopharynx , the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx .", "It is also important in vocalization ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Brown bear", "text": "The brown bear has lost 98 % of its habitat in the lower 48 states . About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains . The Alaskan population is estimated at 32,000 individuals . The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem . The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of northwest Wyoming is estimated to hold about 674 -- 839 grizzly bears , followed slightly the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem of northwest Montana with about 765 animals , the Cabinet - Yaak Ecosystem of northwest Montana and northeast Idaho with about 42 - 65 bears of the species , the Selkirk Ecosystem of northeast Washington and northwest Idaho with only about 40 -- 50 animals and even less the North Cascades Ecosystem of northcentral Washington with about 5 -- 10 grizzlies . These five ecosystems combine for a total of a maximum 1,729 wild grizzlies still persisting in the contiguous United States . Unfortunately , these populations are isolated from each other , inhibiting any genetic flow between ecosystems and creating low genetic diversity in remaining populations which can have negative long - time effects . This isolation poses one of the greatest threats to the future survival of the grizzly bear in the contiguous United States . Although there is no record of their existence in the United States east of the Rocky Mountain and Great Plain regions in human history , fossil records from Kentucky and the Ungava Peninsula do in fact show that grizzly bears once roamed in eastern North America . Mexico ", "sentences": [ "The brown bear has lost 98 % of its habitat in the lower 48 states .", "About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains .", "The Alaskan population is estimated at 32,000 individuals .", "The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem .", "The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of northwest Wyoming is estimated to hold about 674 -- 839 grizzly bears , followed slightly the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem of northwest Montana with about 765 animals , the Cabinet - Yaak Ecosystem of northwest Montana and northeast Idaho with about 42 - 65 bears of the species , the Selkirk Ecosystem of northeast Washington and northwest Idaho with only about 40 -- 50 animals and even less the North Cascades Ecosystem of northcentral Washington with about 5 -- 10 grizzlies .", "These five ecosystems combine for a total of a maximum 1,729 wild grizzlies still persisting in the contiguous United States .", "Unfortunately , these populations are isolated from each other , inhibiting any genetic flow between ecosystems and creating low genetic diversity in remaining populations which can have negative long - time effects .", "This isolation poses one of the greatest threats to the future survival of the grizzly bear in the contiguous United States .", "Although there is no record of their existence in the United States east of the Rocky Mountain and Great Plain regions in human history , fossil records from Kentucky and the Ungava Peninsula do in fact show that grizzly bears once roamed in eastern North America .", "Mexico" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains. The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem .", "selected_sentences": [ "About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains .", "The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Colosseum", "text": "The Colosseum or Coliseum ( / kɒləˈsiːəm / kol - ə - SEE - əm ) , also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin : Amphitheatrum Flavium ; Italian : Anfiteatro Flavio ( aŋfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo ) or Colosseo ( kolosˈsɛːo ) ) , is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome , Italy . Built of travertine , tuff , and brick - faced concrete , it is the largest amphitheatre ever built . The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum . Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir Titus . Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ) . These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty , and the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name ( Flavius ) . ", "sentences": [ "The Colosseum or Coliseum ( / kɒləˈsiːəm / kol - ə - SEE - əm ) , also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin : Amphitheatrum Flavium ; Italian : Anfiteatro Flavio ( aŋfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo ) or Colosseo ( kolosˈsɛːo ) ) , is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome , Italy .", "Built of travertine , tuff , and brick - faced concrete , it is the largest amphitheatre ever built .", "The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum .", "Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir Titus .", "Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ) .", "These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty , and the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name ( Flavius ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The construction of the Colosseum in Rome began in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80. Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ).", "selected_sentences": [ "The Colosseum or Coliseum ( / kɒləˈsiːəm / kol - ə - SEE - əm ) , also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin : Amphitheatrum Flavium ; Italian : Anfiteatro Flavio ( aŋfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo ) or Colosseo ( kolosˈsɛːo ) ) , is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome , Italy .", "Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir Titus .", "Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cristina Yang", "text": "Cristina is re-hired and Owen asks for a divorce once Cristina wants to reconcile . Shocked , Cristina agrees , but later finds out that the potential conflict of interest regarding the plane crash lawsuit was a key motive behind Owen 's request and confronts him . Owen tells her that he ' feels responsible ' and was worried as he thought she was dead . They have a sexual relationship after divorcing . The hospital is sued and found guilty of negligence . The surviving doctors , including Yang , must receive $15 million of compensation each , which leads the hospital to a near bankruptcy as the insurers refuse to pay . Yang , Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) , and the other surviving doctors buy the hospital with the help of the Harper - Avery Foundation to prevent it from closing , and each become members of the new directing board . After buying the hospital , Yang realizes that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen because he still wants kids and she still does n't . ", "sentences": [ "Cristina is re-hired and Owen asks for a divorce once Cristina wants to reconcile .", "Shocked , Cristina agrees , but later finds out that the potential conflict of interest regarding the plane crash lawsuit was a key motive behind Owen 's request and confronts him .", "Owen tells her that he ' feels responsible ' and was worried as he thought she was dead .", "They have a sexual relationship after divorcing .", "The hospital is sued and found guilty of negligence .", "The surviving doctors , including Yang , must receive $15 million of compensation each , which leads the hospital to a near bankruptcy as the insurers refuse to pay .", "Yang , Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) , and the other surviving doctors buy the hospital with the help of the Harper - Avery Foundation to prevent it from closing , and each become members of the new directing board .", "After buying the hospital , Yang realizes that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen because he still wants kids and she still does n't ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Cristina Yang realizes after buying the hospital, that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen as he still wants kids and she still does not .", "selected_sentences": [ "Shocked , Cristina agrees , but later finds out that the potential conflict of interest regarding the plane crash lawsuit was a key motive behind Owen 's request and confronts him .", "After buying the hospital , Yang realizes that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen because he still wants kids and she still does n't ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Glow stick", "text": "The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye ( sensitizer , or fluorophor ) . This creates an exothermic reaction . The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate . The chemical in the glass vial is hydrogen peroxide . By mixing the peroxide with the phenyl oxalate ester , a chemical reaction takes place , yielding two moles of phenol and one mole of peroxyacid ester ( 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione ) . The peroxyacid decomposes spontaneously to carbon dioxide , releasing energy that excites the dye , which then relaxes by releasing a photon . The wavelength of the photon -- the color of the emitted light -- depends on the structure of the dye . The reaction releases energy mostly as light , with very little heat . The reason for this is that the reverse 2 + 2 photocycloaddition of 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione is a forbidden transition ( it violates Woodward -- Hoffmann rules ) and can not proceed through a regular thermal mechanism . Oxidation ", "sentences": [ "The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye ( sensitizer , or fluorophor ) .", "This creates an exothermic reaction .", "The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate .", "The chemical in the glass vial is hydrogen peroxide .", "By mixing the peroxide with the phenyl oxalate ester , a chemical reaction takes place , yielding two moles of phenol and one mole of peroxyacid ester ( 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione ) .", "The peroxyacid decomposes spontaneously to carbon dioxide , releasing energy that excites the dye , which then relaxes by releasing a photon .", "The wavelength of the photon -- the color of the emitted light -- depends on the structure of the dye .", "The reaction releases energy mostly as light , with very little heat .", "The reason for this is that the reverse 2 + 2 photocycloaddition of 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione is a forbidden transition ( it violates Woodward -- Hoffmann rules ) and can not proceed through a regular thermal mechanism .", "Oxidation" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye. The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate and a vial of hydrogen peroxide. By mixing them the reaction releases energy mostly as light and with very little heat.", "selected_sentences": [ "The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye ( sensitizer , or fluorophor ) .", "The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate .", "The chemical in the glass vial is hydrogen peroxide .", "By mixing the peroxide with the phenyl oxalate ester , a chemical reaction takes place , yielding two moles of phenol and one mole of peroxyacid ester ( 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione ) .", "The reaction releases energy mostly as light , with very little heat ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pierre de Coubertin", "text": "The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris . Once there , participants divided the congress into two commissions , one on amateurism and the other on reviving the Olympics . A Greek participant , Demetrius Vikelas , was appointed to head the commission on the Olympics , and would later become the first President of the International Olympic Committee . Along with Coubertin , C. Herbert of Britain 's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission . In its report , the commission proposed that Olympic Games be held every four years and that the program for the Games be one of modern rather than ancient sports . They also set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games , the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , and the second , the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris . Coubertin had originally opposed the choice of Greece , as he had concerns about the ability of a weakened Greek state to host the competition , but was convinced by Vikelas to support the idea . The commission 's proposals were accepted unanimously by the congress , and the modern Olympic movement was officially born . The proposals of the other commission , on amateurism , were more contentious , but this commission also set important precedents for the Olympic Games , specifically the use of heats to narrow participants and the banning of prize money in most contests . ", "sentences": [ "The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris .", "Once there , participants divided the congress into two commissions , one on amateurism and the other on reviving the Olympics .", "A Greek participant , Demetrius Vikelas , was appointed to head the commission on the Olympics , and would later become the first President of the International Olympic Committee .", "Along with Coubertin , C. Herbert of Britain 's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission .", "In its report , the commission proposed that Olympic Games be held every four years and that the program for the Games be one of modern rather than ancient sports .", "They also set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games , the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , and the second , the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris .", "Coubertin had originally opposed the choice of Greece , as he had concerns about the ability of a weakened Greek state to host the competition , but was convinced by Vikelas to support the idea .", "The commission 's proposals were accepted unanimously by the congress , and the modern Olympic movement was officially born .", "The proposals of the other commission , on amateurism , were more contentious , but this commission also set important precedents for the Olympic Games , specifically the use of heats to narrow participants and the banning of prize money in most contests ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris. Along with Coubertin, C. Herbert of Britain's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission and set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games, the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, and the second, the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.", "selected_sentences": [ "The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris .", "Along with Coubertin , C. Herbert of Britain 's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission .", "They also set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games , the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , and the second , the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris .", "Coubertin had originally opposed the choice of Greece , as he had concerns about the ability of a weakened Greek state to host the competition , but was convinced by Vikelas to support the idea ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Doctor (title)", "text": "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning . The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre ( dɔˈkeːrɛ ) ' to teach ' . It has been used as an academic title in Europe since the 13th century , when the first Doctorates were awarded at the University of Bologna and the University of Paris . Having become established in European universities , this usage spread around the world . Contracted `` Dr '' or `` Dr . '' , it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate ( e.g. PhD ) . In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners , regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral - level degree . ", "sentences": [ "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning .", "The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre ( dɔˈkeːrɛ ) ' to teach ' .", "It has been used as an academic title in Europe since the 13th century , when the first Doctorates were awarded at the University of Bologna and the University of Paris .", "Having become established in European universities , this usage spread around the world .", "Contracted `` Dr '' or `` Dr . ''", ", it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate ( e.g. PhD ) .", "In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners , regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral - level degree ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word and used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate. It is contracted ``Dr'' or ``Dr.'' and there is no difference between them.", "selected_sentences": [ "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning .", "Contracted `` Dr '' or `` Dr . ''", ", it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate ( e.g. PhD ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word and used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate. It is contracted to ``Dr'' or ``Dr.''. In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners, regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral level degree.", "selected_sentences": [ "Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning .", "Contracted `` Dr '' or `` Dr . ''", ", it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate ( e.g. PhD ) .", "In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners , regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral - level degree ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "United States House Committee on Ways and Means", "text": "Because of its wide jurisdiction , Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy . Although it lacks the prospects for re-election help that comes with the Appropriations Committee , it is seen as a valuable post for two reasons . First , since its range is so broad , members with a wide array of policy concerns often seek positions , simply to be able to influence policy decisions . Some recent major issues that have gone through this committee include welfare reform , a Medicare prescription drug benefit , Social Security reform , George W. Bush 's tax cuts , and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) and the Central America Free Trade Agreement ( CAFTA ) . Second , given the wide array of interests that are affected by the committee , a seat makes it very easy to collect campaign contributions . ", "sentences": [ "Because of its wide jurisdiction , Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy .", "Although it lacks the prospects for re-election help that comes with the Appropriations Committee , it is seen as a valuable post for two reasons .", "First , since its range is so broad , members with a wide array of policy concerns often seek positions , simply to be able to influence policy decisions .", "Some recent major issues that have gone through this committee include welfare reform , a Medicare prescription drug benefit , Social Security reform , George W. Bush 's tax cuts , and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) and the Central America Free Trade Agreement ( CAFTA ) .", "Second , given the wide array of interests that are affected by the committee , a seat makes it very easy to collect campaign contributions ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy .\r\nSome recent major issues that have gone through Ways and Means include welfare reform, a Medicare prescription drug benefit, Social Security reform George W. Bush 's tax cuts, and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Central America Free Trade Agreement.", "selected_sentences": [ "Because of its wide jurisdiction , Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy .", "Some recent major issues that have gone through this committee include welfare reform , a Medicare prescription drug benefit , Social Security reform , George W. Bush 's tax cuts , and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) and the Central America Free Trade Agreement ( CAFTA ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Drinking establishment", "text": "A drinking establishment is a business whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises . Some establishments may also serve food , or have entertainment , but their main purpose is to serve alcoholic beverages . There are different types of drinking establishment ranging from seedy bars or nightclubs , sometimes termed `` dive bars '' , to 5,000 seat beer halls and elegant places of entertainment for the elite . A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence . Although the terms are increasingly used to refer to the same thing , there is a difference between pubs , bars , inns , taverns and lounges where alcohol is served commercially . A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests . The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek ταβέρνα / taverna . ", "sentences": [ "A drinking establishment is a business whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises .", "Some establishments may also serve food , or have entertainment , but their main purpose is to serve alcoholic beverages .", "There are different types of drinking establishment ranging from seedy bars or nightclubs , sometimes termed `` dive bars '' , to 5,000 seat beer halls and elegant places of entertainment for the elite .", "A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence .", "Although the terms are increasingly used to refer to the same thing , there is a difference between pubs , bars , inns , taverns and lounges where alcohol is served commercially .", "A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests .", "The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek ταβέρνα / taverna ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence .\r\nA tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests .", "selected_sentences": [ "A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence .", "A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "A public house, informally known as a `` pub '', is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence. A tavern or pot - house is, loosely, a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and, more than likely, also be served food, though not licensed to put up guest . The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek taverna.", "selected_sentences": [ "A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence .", "A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests .", "The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek ταβέρνα / taverna ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]