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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Anne Karin Torheim (born 12 May 1953) is a Norwegian poet and novelist.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She was born in Bergen, but grew up in Eid. She made her debut with the poetry collection Tida er verken ute eller inne (1990), and followed with Huset på halvvegen (1993) and Ferskentransporten. Memoranda (1996), all on the publishing house Det Norske Samlaget. These have been described as the \"Peach Trilogy\", and Torheim has been described by Janne Stigen Drangsholt as a poet in the \"lyrical tradition of Eldrid Lunden\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Det Nasjonale Boblegalleri (2000) was a collection of short prose, where the realistic was mixed with the surrealistic, irony and sarcasm to paint a portrait of Norwegian society. 2002's Kven er redd for Sonja Henie? was a novel about an artistically inclined woman who idolized Sonja Henie.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "As a translator to Norwegian Nynorsk, Torheim has among others been responsible for Alice Sebold's The Lovely Bones and The Almost Moon as well as Margaret Atwood's The Journals of Susanna Moodie and Morning in the Burned House.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lay Bankz is an American rapper and singer. After signing with Artist Partner Group in 2022, she released the singles \"Left Cheek (Doo Doo Blick)\", \"Na Na Na\", and \"Ick\", all of which became popular on TikTok.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bankz was born on June 11, 2004 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and raised in Southwest Philadelphia. She started writing raps at age 10 and released her first song, \"Passion\", in October 2019 when she was 15 years old. She signed to Artist Partner Group in 2022 and released her debut single with the label, \"Left Cheek (Doo Doo Blick)\", later that year. She was featured on the \"dance mix\" of Ciara's song \"Da Girls, released in May 2023. She also appeared on the NLE Choppa song \"It's Getting Hot\" in July 2023. In August 2023, she released the single \"Na Na Na\". Both \"Left Cheek (Doo Doo Blick)\" and \"Na Na Na\" went viral on TikTok. Her debut extended play, Now You See Me, was also released in August 2023. Her single \"Ick\" was released in September 2023 and also became popular on TikTok and on streaming services.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Bankz has described her music as \"every kind of genre you could ever think of\". Kenyatta Victoria of Essence wrote that she \"merges club and R&B music\". Billboard's Kyle Denis described it as Jersey club and Pitchfork's H.D. Angel described it as East Coast club and pop rap and wrote that her voice had an \"elegant, almost synthetic quality\" to it and that her instrumentals were \"busy\".", "title": "Musical style" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Shtorm (Russian: Шторм, romanized: Shtorm, lit. 'Storm') may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Omladinski fudbalski klub Odžaci is a football club based in Odžaci, Serbia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "OFK Odžaci was founded in 1969.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The club received media attention for transportation problems in 2017.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "OFK Odžaci hosts games at the City Stadium.", "title": "Stadium" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Madrasa-e-Aliya, also known as Government Oriental College, is an Islamic educational seminary situated in Rampur, Uttar Pradesh. It was established in 1774 by Nawab Faiz Ullah Khan, Nawabs of Rampur.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Its name was Rampur Madrasa but later changed to Madrasa-e-Aliya during the reign of Nawab Mohammad Saeed Khan. It has students belonged to Shia and Deobandi and it converted to a Barelvi madrasa in 1880 after Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi joined here as a teacher.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Karin Kinge Lindboe (born 16 March 1947) is a Norwegian children's writer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She was born in Oslo. Attending teachers' college, she also did undergraduate studies in English at the University of Bergen, and worked several years as a teacher in Oslo. She made her literary debut in 1992.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Her first book Mormors hjerte was published by Aschehoug, which remained her publisher for almost all her books, keeping a steady pace of one book each year except for 1996, 2002, 2003, 2009 and 2012 – until her last book Lucas Jackson in 2018.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Lindboe was noted for her trilogy set in the Bronze Age; Solkvinnens flamme (1998), Gaupesommer (1999) and Vinterkråke (2001). For her young adult fiction book Stella (2004) she was nominated for the Norwegian Critics Prize for Children's Literature. Lindboe later won this award for 2011's Etterpå varer så lenge, which handled loss of friends to cancer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Most of her later books featured the characters Sam and Noa, except for Far og Sachsenhausen (2016), a novel about her father's imprisonment in Sachsenhausen concentration camp.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Turkish war crimes are the violations of the international criminal law (including war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of genocide) which the official armed and paramilitary forces of Turkey are accused of committing. These accusations also extend to the aiding and abetting of crimes committed by non-state actors armed and financed by Turkey, including rebel groups in Syria. These war crimes have included murder, torture, terrorism, deportation or forced transfer, abduction, rape, looting, unlawful confinement, unlawful airstrikes or attacks against civilian objects.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "War crimes are defined as acts which violate the laws and customs of war established by the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, or acts that are grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol I and Additional Protocol II. The Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 extends the protection of civilians and prisoners of war during military occupation, even in the case where there is no armed resistance, for the period of one year after the end of hostilities, although the occupying power should be bound to several provisions of the convention as long as \"such Power exercises the functions of government in such territory.\"", "title": "Definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the final years of the Ottoman Empire's existence, the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) committed a genocide against their Armenian population. The Ottomans carried out organised, systematic massacres and deportations of Armenians throughout World War I, and portrayed acts of Armenian resistance as rebellions to justify further extermination. In early 1915, a number of Armenians volunteered to join the Russian forces, and the Ottoman government used this as a pretext to issue the Tehcir Law (Law on Deportation), which authorised the deportation of Armenians from the Empire's eastern provinces to Syria between 1915 and 1918. The Armenians were intentionally marched to death, and a number were attacked by Ottoman brigands. While an exact number of deaths is unknown, the International Association of Genocide Scholars estimates 1.5 million were killed. The government of Turkey has consistently denied the genocide, arguing that those who died were victims of inter-ethnic fighting, famine, or disease during World War I; these claims are rejected by most historians.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Other ethnic groups were also attacked by the Ottoman Empire during this period, including Assyrians and Greeks, and some scholars consider those events different parts of the same policy of extermination. An estimated 250,000 Assyrian Christians (about half of the population) and 350,000–750,000 Greeks were killed between 1915 and 1922.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Ottoman Empire often treated POWs poorly. Some 11,800 British Empire soldiers, most of them Indians, became prisoners after the siege of Kut in Mesopotamia in April 1916; 4,250 died in captivity. Although many were in a poor condition when captured, Ottoman officers forced them to march 1,100 kilometres (684 mi) to Anatolia. A survivor said: \"We were driven along like beasts; to drop out was to die.\"", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Historian Erik Sjöberg said that \"It seems, in the end, unlikely that the Turkish Nationalist leaders, though secular in name, ever had any intention of allowing any sizeable non-Muslim minority to remain.\" According to Rıza Nur, one of the Turkish delegates at Lausanne, wrote that \"disposing of people of different races, languages and religions in our country is the most … vital issue\". Many Greek men were conscripted into unarmed labor battalions where the death rate sometimes exceeded 90 percent. Raymond Kévorkian states that \"removing non-Turks from the sanctuary of Anatolia continued to be one of\" the Turkish Nationalists' main activities after World War I. Preventing Armenians and other Christians from returning home, and therefore allowing their properties to be retained by those who had stolen them during the war, was a key factor in securing popular support for the Turkish National Movement. Christian civilians were subjected to forced deportation to expel them from the country, a policy that continued after the war. These deportations were similar to those employed during the Armenian genocide and caused many deaths. Over 1 million Greeks were expelled, as were all remaining Armenians in the areas of Diyarbekir, Mardin, Urfa, Harput, and Malatia—forced across the border into French-mandate Syria.", "title": "Turkish War of Independence" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Vahagn Avedian argues that the Turkish War of Independence was not directed against the Allied Powers, but that its main objective was to get rid of non-Turkish minority groups. The Nationalist movement maintained the aggressive policy of the CUP against Christians. It was stated in a secret telegram from Foreign Minister Ahmet Muhtar (Mollaoğlu) to Kazım Karabekir in mid-1921 \"the most important thing is to eliminate Armenia, both politically and materially\". Avedian holds that the existence of the Armenian Republic was considered as the \"greatest threat\" for the continuation of Turkish state, and that for this reason, they \"fulfilled the genocidal policy of its CUP predecessor\". After the Christian population was destroyed, the focus shifted to the Kurdish population.", "title": "Turkish War of Independence" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The Turkish National Movement continued the genocidal, Ottoman-era policies towards Greeks during the war of independence. During the late spring of 1921, armed militias led by Topal Osman looted and burned Greek settlements around Samsun and massacred the civilian Greek population. Those who were not already killed were deported, being sent on death marches into the Anatolian interior. On 16 June 1921, the Turkish nationalist government of Ankara authorized the deportation of all Greek males between ages 16 and 50 who remained in Samsun, and mass arrests of local Greeks began the same day; however, in practice, all Greeks in the area (including women, children and elderly men) became targets of deportations and death marches.", "title": "Turkish War of Independence" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Roughly 21,000 people were deported from Samsun, and by September 1922, the city had almost no Greeks left.", "title": "Turkish War of Independence" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "During the 1920 Battle of Marash, thousands of repatriated Armenians were massacred by Turkish militias; a surgeon at a nearby hospital reported that around 3,000 Armenians at the Church of Saint Stephen had been killed by Turkish, Kurdish and Cherkess villagers. Some Armenians tried to hide in church buildings and schools, but eventually, all churches, and entire Armenian districts in Marash, were burnt to the ground. Early reports put the number of Armenian dead at no less than 16,000, although this was later revised down to 5,000–12,000, which were considered far more likely figures.", "title": "Turkish War of Independence" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The policy of deporting Ottoman Kurds from their indigenous lands began during World War I under the orders of Talaat Pasha, and continued after the founding of the Republic of Turkey. Although many Kurds were loyal to the empire (with some even supporting the persecution of Christian minorities by the CUP), Turkish authorities nevertheless feared the possibility that they would collaborate with Armenians and Russians to establish their own Kurdish state. In 1916, roughly 300,000 Kurds were deported from Bitlis, Erzurum, Palu and Muş to Konya and Gaziantep during the winter, and most died in a famine.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The official policy of the newly-founded Turkey was to dismantle traditional Kurdish Islamic tribal society and institutions, as well as to continue with the CUP's repressive and assimilationist policies. Consequently, the Kurds began to mobilize for a resistance, culminating with the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925, which prompted the mobilization of half of the Turkish army and a bombing campaign against the Kurds. The rebellion was ultimately crushed and Sheikh Said executed. later that year, the government initiated a pogrom in Diyarbakir, executing civilians and burning villages to the ground, which in total destroyed about 206 villages and killed 15,200 people. By late 1925, a new deportation law was implemented and the Kurdish elite - numbering about 500 - were deported to western Turkey.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In mid-1930, during the Ararat rebellion, the Turkish Armed Forces committed large-scale massacres against Kurdish villages in Ağrı Province that showed support for the rebels, killing between 4,500 to 15,000 people, many of them civilians. According to Cumhuriyet, the massacres left the Zilan River full of corpses, and villages on the outskirts of Mount Ararat were burned to the ground. The British Foreign Office argued \"that the Turkish 'success' near Ergish and Zilan [was, in reality] gained over a few armed men and a large percentage of non-combatants.\"", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In response to the Dersim rebellion, the Turkish Armed Forces launched military operations in 1937 and 1938 that devastated the region, killing between 13,000 to 40,000 people, and forcibly deporting 3,000 more. On 23 November 2011, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan apologized \"on behalf of the state\" over the killing of over 13,000 people during the rebellion. He described the massacre as \"one of the most tragic events of our near history\" saying that, whilst some sought to justify it as a legitimate response to events on the ground, it was in reality \"an operation which was planned step by step\".", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Since the 1970s, the European Court of Human Rights has condemned Turkey for thousands of human rights abuses against Kurdish people. The judgments are related to systematic executions of Kurdish civilians, forced recruitments, torturing, forced displacements, thousands of destroyed villages, arbitrary arrests, murdered and disappeared Kurdish journalists. According to David L. Philips, more than 1,500 people affiliated with the Kurdish opposition parties and organizations were murdered by unidentified assailants between 1986 and 1996. Government-backed mercenaries assassinated hundreds of suspected PKK sympathizers. The Turkish government is held responsible by Turkish human rights organizations for at least 3,438 civilian deaths in the conflict between 1987 and 2000.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "At the beginning of the conflict, the PKK's relationship with its civilian supporters created incentives for the Turkish government to use terrorism against Kurdish citizens in the Kurdish dominated southeast region of Turkey. Since the early 1980s, the authorities have systematically used arbitrary arrests, executions of suspects, excessive force, and torture to suppress opposition. In 1995, Human Rights Watch reported that it was common practice for Turkish soldiers to kill Kurdish civilians and take pictures of their corpses with weapons they carried only for staging the events. Killed civilians were shown to press as PKK \"terrorists\".", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "In January 2016, during a period of escalation in the conflict, more than 1000 scholars and academics from 90 Turkish Universities and abroad signed a petition entitled \"We will be not a party to this crime!\", calling for an end to the government's crackdown on the Kurdish activists and politicians, and a resumption of the peace process. They also criticized the use of tanks in urban centers, calling it a deliberate massacre of Kurdish people.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Since the 1990s,Turkish security services had resorted to enforced disappearances, wherein Kurds would be detained and never seen again, with only eyewitnesses coming forward to tell the story. In 1997, Amnesty International reported that disappearances and extrajudicial executions had emerged as new and disturbing patterns of human rights violations by the Turkish state. According to the Human Rights Association (İHD), there have been 940 cases of enforced disappearance since the 1990s. In addition to that, more than 3,248 people who were murdered in extrajudicial killings are believed to have been buried in 253 separate burial places. On 6 January 2011, the bodies of 12 people were found in a mass grave near an old police station in Mutki, Bitlis. A few months later, three other mass graves were reportedly found in the garden of Çemişgezek police station.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "The Stockholm Center for Freedom (SCF) documented eleven cases since 2016 in which people have been abducted by men identifying themselves as police officers. It appears to be mostly in the Turkish capital of Ankara as victims are forced into transit vans. Family members were unable to find out their locations from the state, indicating that they were detained secretly or by clandestine groups. In a case where one was finally located after 42 days missing, he was tortured for days, forced to sign a confession and handed over to police.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Until the 1970s, about 70% of the Kurdish population of Turkish Kurdistan, inhabited one of the approximately 20,000 Kurdish villages. But by 1985, only 58% of the population were still living in the rural areas and much of the countryside in Kurdish populated regions has been depopulated by the Turkish government, with Kurdish civilians moving to local centers such as Diyarbakır, Van, and Şırnak, as well as to the cities of western Turkey. The causes of the depopulation were, in most cases the Turkish state's military operations, and to a lesser extent, attacks by the PKK on villages it deemed defended by collaborators of the Turkish Government. Human Rights Watch has documented many instances where the Turkish military forcibly evacuated villages, destroying houses and equipment to prevent the return of the inhabitants. An estimated 3,000 Kurdish villages in Southeast Anatolia were virtually wiped from the map, representing the displacement of more than 378,000 people. During the 1990s, the Turkish military reportedly deployed the US manufactured helicopters Sikorsky and Cobra to drive out the Kurdish population from the villages. In November 1992, Turkish authorities demanded the Muhtar of the Kelekçi village to evacuate all their inhabitants. But as the villagers gathered in an area, the Turkish gendarmerie, using heavy weapons in armored vehicles began firing at the villagers and their houses. Soldiers set fire to and destroyed 136 houses. Some of the villagers escaped to nearby towns. On the 6 April 1993, the Turkish authorities returned and set fire to the remaining houses. Before its destruction, the village had a population of 500 inhabitants.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "In March 1994, 38 Kurdish villagers were killed and the villages of Koçağılı and Kuşkonar near the province of Şırnak were destroyed as a result of the Turkish Armed Forces' heavy bombardment.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "On 21 January 2016, a report published by Amnesty International stated that more than 150 civilians had been killed in Cizre. They reported that curfews had been imposed in more than 19 different towns and districts, putting the lives of hundreds of thousands of people at risk. Additionally, the report stated that the government's disproportionate restrictions on movement and other arbitrary measures were resembling collective punishment, a war crime under the 1949 Geneva Conventions.", "title": "War crimes against Turkish Kurds" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "Turkey was found guilty by the European Commission of Human Rights for displacement of persons, deprivation of liberty, ill treatment, deprivation of life and deprivation of possessions during their invasion of Cyprus. The Turkish policy of violently forcing a third of the island's Greek population from their homes in the occupied North, preventing their return, and settling Turks from mainland Turkey is considered an example of ethnic cleansing.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "In 1976, and again in 1983, the European Commission of Human Rights found Turkey guilty of repeated violations of the European Convention of Human Rights. Turkey has been condemned for preventing the return of Greek Cypriot refugees to their properties. The European Commission of Human Rights reports of 1976 and 1983 states that:", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Having found violations of a number of Articles of the Convention, the Commission notes that the acts violating the Convention were exclusively directed against members of one of two communities in Cyprus, namely the Greek Cypriot community. It concludes by eleven votes to three that Turkey has thus failed to secure the rights and freedoms set forth in these Articles without discrimination on the grounds of ethnic origin, race, religion as required by Article 14 of the Convention.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Enclaved Greek Cypriots in the Karpass Peninsula in 1975 were subjected by the Turks to violations of their human rights so that by 2001 when the European Court of Human Rights found Turkey guilty of the violation of 14 articles of the European Convention of Human Rights in its judgement of Cyprus v Turkey (application no. 25781/94), less than 600 still remained. In the same judgement, Turkey was found guilty of violating the rights of the Turkish Cypriots by authorising the trial of civilians by a military court.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "The European commission of Human Rights with 12 votes against 1, accepted evidence from the Republic of Cyprus, concerning the rapes of various Greek-Cypriot women by Turkish soldiers and the torture of many Greek-Cypriot prisoners during the invasion of the island. The high rate of rape reportedly resulted in the temporary permission of abortion in Cyprus by the conservative Cypriot Orthodox Church. According to Paul Sant Cassia, rape was used systematically to \"soften\" resistance and clear civilian areas through fear. Many of the atrocities were seen as revenge for the atrocities against Turkish Cypriots in 1963–64 and the massacres during the first invasion. It has been suggested that many of the atrocities were revenge killings, committed by Turkish Cypriot fighters in military uniform who might have been mistaken for Turkish soldiers. In the Karpass Peninsula, a group of Turkish Cypriots reportedly chose young girls to rape and impregnated teenage girls. There were cases of rapes, which included gang rapes, of teenage girls by Turkish soldiers and Turkish Cypriot men in the peninsula, and one case involved the rape of an old Greek Cypriot man by a Turkish Cypriot. The man was reportedly identified by the victim and two other rapists were also arrested. Raped women were sometimes outcast from society.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "As a result of the invasion, over 2000 Greek-Cypriot prisoners of war were taken to Turkey and detained in Turkish prisons. Some of them were not released and are still missing. In particular, the Committee on Missing Persons (CMP) in Cyprus, which operates under the auspices of the United Nations, is mandated to investigate approximately 1600 cases of Greek Cypriot and Greek missing persons.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "Article Four of the Treaty of Guarantee gives the right to guarantors of Cyprus (Turkey, Greece, and the United Kingdom) to take action with the sole aim of re-establishing the state of affairs. Turkey intervened after Greece's military junta tried to create a union with Cyprus by force, and the Council of Europe supported the legality of the first wave of the Turkish invasion that occurred in July 1974. However, the United Nations Security Council challenged the legality of Turkey's actions after this point, as the aftermath of the invasion did not safeguard the Republic's sovereignty and territorial integrity, but had the opposite effect: the de facto partition of the Republic and the creation of a separate political entity in the north. On 13 February 1975, Turkey declared the occupied areas of the Republic of Cyprus to be a \"Federated Turkish State\", to the widespread condemnation of international observers.", "title": "Turkish invasion of Cyprus" }, { "paragraph_id": 29, "text": "The 2021 and 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices mentioned that Turkish-affiliated groups committed human rights abuses in Syria, including killings, torture, sexual violence, transfer of detained civilians across the border into Turkey, enforce demographic change targeting Kurdish Syrians, recruitment of child soldiers, the looting and desecration of religious sites and private property and more.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 30, "text": "The UN Commission of Inquiry for Syria, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and human rights organisations reported that groups supported by Turkey have tortured and killed civilians. The Syrian National Army (SNA) justice system and detention network is under the command of the Turkish forces, and the UN commission reported on the presence of Turkish officials in interrogation sessions where torture was used. The Turkish supported Sultan Murad Division and Ahrar al-Sharqiya has also been accused of war crimes.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 31, "text": "In March 2020, a UN report accused rebels allied to Turkey for abuses on Kurdish-held areas during an assault, and said if the rebels were acting under the control of Turkish forces, the Turkish commanders may be liable for war crimes. In addition, it called on Turkey to investigate whether it was responsible for an air raid on a civilian convoy near Ras al-Ayn. Turkey denied a role in the attack, while the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said that it was conducted by Turkish aircraft. In September 2020, United Nations asked Turkey to investigate possible war crimes and other human rights violations carried out by Turkish-affiliated groups in the area that Turkey controls in Syria. Turkey accused the UN Human Rights Office of baseless claims and \"undue criticism\". The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights said that in the areas controlled by Turkey the number of crimes against civilians have been increased.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 32, "text": "Since mid-2014, both the PKK and international media have accused Turkey of supporting and collaboration with the Islamic State (IS), an Islamist militant group known for committing numerous crimes against humanity. Several of the allegation have focused on Turkish businessman and politician Berat Albayrak, who has faced calls for his prosecution in the United States. When the Islamic State kidnapped 49 Turkish diplomats from Mosul in June 2014, a columnist said that Turkey was now \"paying the price of its collaboration with terrorists\", in reference to the Islamist factions in the Turkish-backed FSA.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 33, "text": "Some news websites also criticised Turkey for \"doing nothing\" against the Islamic State. American website Al-Monitor stated in June 2014 that Turkey, by \"ignoring its own border security\", had allowed its border with Syria to become a \"jihadist highway\" for the Islamic State to let thousands of international jihadists, and other supplies, be smuggled to them in Syria. British newspaper The Guardian stated that Turkey, in late year 2014, \"for many months did little to stop foreign recruits crossing its border to ISIS\". In April 2018, Foreign Policy stated that in 2013 alone, some 30,000 militants illegally crossed into Turkish land, as the Syria–Turkey border was popular among foreign volunteers illegally crossing it to join the Islamic State in Syria. Furthermore, it was claimed that wounded Islamic State militants were treated in private-owned hospitals across southeastern Turkey. Among those receiving care was one of the top deputies of Islamic State chieftain Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Ahmet el-H, who was treated in a private hospital in Sanliurfa in August 2014.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 34, "text": "On 25 June 2015, Islamic State fighters detonated three car bombs in Kobanî, close to the Turkish border crossing. The IS fighters were reported to have disguised themselves as Kurdish security forces, before entering the town and shooting civilians with assault rifles and RPGs. IS also committed a massacre in the village of Barkh Butan, about 20 kilometres south of Kobanî, executing at least 26 Syrian Kurds, among them women and children. Kurdish rebel forces and the Syrian government claimed the vehicles had entered the city from across the international border. The pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democratic Party in Turkey argued that the Turkish government under Erdoğan supported the Islamic State, and that the Kobanî massacre was \"a part of this support\", a claim that Erdoğan himself rejected.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 35, "text": "Less than a week after Turkey launched Operation Olive Branch in 2018, Redur Xelil, a senior SDF official, said that at least 66 civilians were killed by aerial and artillery bombardment from Turkish forces, and accused Turkey of committing war crimes. Amnesty International reported that civilians were being killed by the Turkish Army due to indiscriminate shelling of civilian areas, an act that is in violation of international law. According to Amnesty, the situation \"painted a grim picture\" throughout numerous villages in Afrin, within which civilians were subjected to indiscriminate shelling that lasted for hours. They stated: \"The use of artillery and other imprecise explosive weapons in civilian areas is prohibited by international humanitarian law and all parties should cease such attacks immediately.\"", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 36, "text": "On 22 February 2018, Syrian government news outlets stated that Turkey was bombing humanitarian aid convoys that were on their way to Afrin. As a result, the Syrian Arab Red Crescent stated that they had suspended all aid convoys to Afrin because it was unsafe for them to head there. On the same day, a video surfaced that showed Turkish backed rebels executing a civilian driving a farm tractor. This was followed by another video by the same group that showed a summary execution of 6 civilians, including one woman near Jendires. In another bombing in the same area, Kurdish militia claimed that Turkish air strikes had killed 13 civilians, including several children.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 37, "text": "The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights estimates that around of 300,000 Kurdish people were displaced by the offensive. In the aftermath of the conflict, Turkish forces implemented a resettlement policy by moving refugees from Eastern Ghouta into the newly-empty homes. Many houses, farms, and other private property belonging to those that fled the conflict have been seized or looted by Turkish-backed rebels. In a study of 24 key informants from Afrin, all reported loss of housing, land or property following Operation Olive Branch. This led to accusations by both activists and residents that Turkey was engaging in demographic engineering or ethnic cleansing in Afrin.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 38, "text": "In October 2019, a report by Amnesty International accused Turkey and its allies for war crimes. Kumi Naidoo said that the Turkish military and their allies do not care about civilian lives, and the United States special envoy for Syria said that they had seen evidence of war crimes during Turkey's offensive against the Kurds in Syria, and had demanded an explanation from Turkey. U.S. officials were investigating a report that the restricted burning white phosphorus had been used during the Turkish offensive. Turkish officials denied that war crimes were committed. The United States Secretary of Defense, Mark Esper, said in an interview that Turkey \"appears to be\" committing war crimes in Syria, adding that there was footage showing the execution of Kurdish captives.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 39, "text": "The International Bar Association condemned the assaults against Syrian Kurds by Turkish forces in northern Syria, and called on Turkey to halt the attacks and respect the civilians as it is obligated by international laws, after the reports of Turkish-backed militias executing civilians. Furthermore, the same month during the hearing of the US Committee on Foreign Relations when Senator Cardin asked the ambassador Jeffrey if he is aware of reports of the United Nations and other groups about war crimes which have been committed by the Turkish forces in their invasion into Syria, the ambassador said:", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 40, "text": "We have seen some preliminary concerns. We have not seen any detailed reporting. The detailed reporting, of course--and there are volumes of it--is on the Assad regime's actions throughout Syria. But we are very, very concerned about what we and all of us have seen on video footage and some of the reports that we have received from our SDF colleagues, and we are looking into those as I speak.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 41, "text": "When then was asked if he was aware of Turkish war crimes, he stated that \"in at least one instance\", Turkish-backed Syrian rebels committed war crimes, and that they were \"reach[ing] out to Turkey to demand an explanation.\"", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 42, "text": "In November 2019, Turkish-backed forces were accused of committing war crimes after mobile phone footage surfaced showing them desecrating the bodies of dead Kurdish fighters. The UN warned that Turkey could be held responsible for the actions of its allies, while Turkey promised to investigate. U.S. officials said that some of the actions in these videos probably constitute war crimes. In addition, U.S. drones appeared to show Turkish-backed forces targeting civilians during their assault on Kurdish areas in Syria, these actions reported as possible war crimes. Democratic Maryland Senator Chris Van Hollen accused the Erdogan of \"using Jihadi proxies that include a lot of al Qaeda elements and they are committing human rights abuses, including that the Trump Administration has acknowledged are war crimes.\" The US State Department spokeswoman Morgan Ortagus told CNN \"we had serious concerns regarding reports that the Turkish-Supported Opposition may have engaged in violations of the law of armed conflict in northeast Syria, including reports of the killing of unarmed civilians and prisoners and reports of ethnic cleansing,\" adding that \"those concerns remain.\"", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 43, "text": "Serena Shim, a journalist of Press TV, was killed at a car crash with a heavy vehicle in Turkey in what are said, by her employer and her parents, to be suspicious circumstances. The car crash happened just days after she said that the Turkey's state intelligence agency, MIT, had threatened her and said she was spying, due to some of the stories she had covered about Turkey's stance on ISIL militants in Kobane. She also said that she had received images of ISIL militants crossing the Turkish border into Syria in World Food Organization and other NGOs trucks.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 44, "text": "Turkish journalist Arzu Yildiz was sentenced to 20 months in jail and lost her parental rights after showing a video related to a weapons-smuggling scandal denied by the Turkish government, in what her lawyer said was \"an act of revenge\" by Recep Tayyip Erdogan.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 45, "text": "On 12 October 2019, the Turkish-backed Ahrar al-Sharqiya murdered the Kurdish-Syrian politician Hevrin Khalaf.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 46, "text": "In 2015, Syria's antiquities chief has said Turkey was refusing to return looted objects from ancient heritage sites in Syria or to provide information about them. Turkey is also said to let ISIL smuggles Syrian antiquities through it. In an official letter to UN, the Russian envoy Vitaly Churkin stated that antiquities from Syria and Iraq are exported to Turkey. The main center for the smuggling of cultural heritage items is the Turkish city of Gaziantep, where the stolen goods are sold at illegal auctions. According to the envoy, new smuggling hubs are popping up on the Turkish-Syrian border, with the \"bulky goods\" being delivered by the Turkish transport companies. Smuggled artifacts then arrive in the Turkish cities of Izmir, Mersin and Antalya, where representatives of international criminal groups produce fake documents on the origin of the antiquities. Turkey responded that she will investigate the claims but believes that the accusations are politically motivated.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 47, "text": "Later on, reports emerged in 2019 that following the Operation Olive Branch, more than 16,000 artifacts such as glass, pottery and mosaics mostly from Afrin District, were looted and smuggled to Turkey by Syrian rebels.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 48, "text": "In 2022, the Russian Defence Ministry claimed that Turkish-backed forces illegally do excavations in northern Syria. They are using explosives and heavy equipments which destroy the ancient sites. Many also accused Turkey of turning a blind eye in these activities. Turkey in response, according to the Turkish defence, interior and culture and tourism ministries, deployed Turkish soldiers in some of the ancient sites in Syria and started operation to retrieve Syrian smuggled items in Turkey.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 49, "text": "In March 2020, nongovernmental organizations, the World Health Organization and the Kurdish-led administration in northeast Syria said that the water supply from the Alouk pumping station has been repeatedly interrupted after Turkey and its allies took control of the Allouk water station after the Turkish offensive in October 2019. In addition, local authorities and humanitarian groups in Northeast Syria said that they are unable to bring additional supplies into the region because the border with the Kurdistan Region of Iraq is closed. They all warned that doing these in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic is very dangerous.", "title": "Syrian civil war" }, { "paragraph_id": 50, "text": "The Turkish government linked think tank SETA withdrew a report detailing the composition of the Syrian National Army as it revealed the use of child soldiers. In addition, according to a report by Al-Monitor, citing sources on the ground, Turkey has deployed to Libya child soldiers from Syria. Of the 18,000 Syrian fighters Turkey sent to Libya in September 2020, 350 were children; 34 of the 471 fighters killed by August that year were also children.", "title": "Child soldiers in Syria and Libya" }, { "paragraph_id": 51, "text": "In July 2021, the United States of America added Turkey to the list of countries that implicated in the use of child soldiers, because it used them in Syria and Libya. The 2021 and 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices also mentioned the recruitment of child soldiers from Turkish-supported forces. Trafficking in Persons Reports mentioned that Turkey provided support (operational, equipment and financial) to armed groups in Syria which recruit and use child soldiers.", "title": "Child soldiers in Syria and Libya" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ridwan Mansyur (born 11 November 1959) is an Indonesian judge who presently serves as one of the justices of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia. Previously a secretary of the Supreme Court of Indonesia, he took his seat on the bench on the Constitutional Court on 8 December 2023, succeeding Manahan Sitompul.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Bapaiya, or Bapaiyya was a legendary dacoit of Gujarat who killed the Bahucharaji mata at Shankhalpur during her return to Kathiawar.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "When Bahuchara and her two sisters were returning from Marwad to Gujarat, they were attacked by Bapaiya plunderer at Shankhalpur. He killed two of the sisters of Bahuchara. To save herself from being raped and abduction, Bahuchara cut off ber breasts, with a sword carried by Charan women, and pronounced the dread Traga on the Bapaiya, cursing him and prophesying that he would become impotent. Bapaiya begged forgiveness, and the dying Charan girl Bahuchara realizing that the Traga having been called forth could not be recalled, advised Bapaiya to install her as a goddess and worship her image. Bahuchara also promised that any eunuch who would stay at her shrine dressed as a woman and worship her would attain salvation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After death of Bahuchara, Bapaiya, who was feeling guilty, erected a shrine of the goddess Bahuchara under a varakhda tree and passed his life in worship of the Bahuchara, but died on the way to Arnej and Balal.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nabil Amadu (born March 5, 1990) known by his stage name Rayoe (formerly Bils Rayoe), is a Ghanaian rapper and hip hop musician. He gained popularity as a dominant teen rapper in the late 2000s among high schools and colleges in Accra, Ghana. Rayoe began his music career professionally in 2007 as part of \"Souljas Inn\", a group he founded which included Ghanaian Singer, Chase Forever and other members. The group released their debut mixtape, \"Crunch Time,\" in the same year, although it made limited impact locally. In 2009, \"Souljas Inn\" collaborated with renowned Ghanaian music producer Richie Mensah of Lynx Entertainment to release the song \"One Day,\" which received extensive airplay on various radio stations in Ghana and was featured in several movies. That year, Rayoe also had a song feature with Senegalese-American singer Akon titled \"Tables Turn,\" which also included singer St. Kelly. However, in 2012, \"Souljas Inn\" disbanded as Rayoe decided to relocate to Los Angeles, California to pursue new opportunities.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Rayoe was born on March 5, 1990, in Accra, Ghana, to a middle- class Dagomba family with religious and well-educated parents. During his formative years, he split his time between Accra, Ghana, and Harlem, New York City, where he was exposed to hip hop music in diverse cultural environments. These experiences ignited his passion for rapping[8]. He attended Achimota High School, where he gained notoriety as a rapper through performances at various high schools and colleges in Ghana. After completing high school, Rayoe moved to the United States to seek greener pastures.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Souljas Inn - Crunch Time (2007)", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "\"Tables Turn\" (Feat Akon X St Kelly) - 2009[5] \"Bang It Out\" - 2009", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "\"Run Away\" (Feat St Kelly) - 2009", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "\"That Man\" (Feat Chase Forever) - 2012 \"Beauty and the Beast\" (Feat Q.ra) - 2012 \"Crazy World\" (Feat St Kelly) - 2013", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "\"I'm Your Boss\" (Feat St Kelly X Young Kazh) - 2013 \"Pull Up\" - 2016", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "\"Rari\" - 2016", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "\"And 1\" (Feat Dex Kwesi X Sarkodie) - 2017[12]", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "\"Swimming In Money\" (Feat Chase Forever) - 2017 \"So Exotic\" - 2018", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "\"Wocchardt\" (Feat Dex Kwesi) - 2019 \"Toast\" - 2020", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "\"Spicy\" (Freestyle) - 2020", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "\"Gangstas Freestyle\" - 2020 \"Wet Up\" - 2020", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "\"Bring Out\" (Feat Dex Kwasi) - 2020 \"FEDs DAY OUT\" - 2021", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "\"Cross Borders\" - 2021", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "\"Big Tymers\" (Feat Dex Kwesi) - 2022 \"Heaven Sent\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "\"Platinum\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "\"End Game\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "\"Kweku The Traveler\" (Freestyle) - 2022 \"Whip It\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "\"Extra\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "\"Jefe\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "\"Scriptures\" - 2022", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "\"No One Else\" (Feat Chase Forever) - 2022 \"Swerve\" - 2023", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "\"Balance Remix\" (Feat Chase Forever) - 2023 \"First Class\" - 2023", "title": "Mixtapes" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "\"Young N Gifted\" - 2023 \"Miracle Road\" - 2023", "title": "Mixtapes" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Liv Marit Weberg (born 4 May 1988) is a Norwegian children's writer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She grew up in Drammen. She made her literary debut in 2014 with the young adult fiction book Jeg blir heldigvis ikke lagt merke til, and followed with Påstander om meg i tilfeldig rekkefølge, both published by Aschehoug.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "For Jeg blir heldigvis ikke lagt merke til, Weberg was awarded the Ministry of Culture Award for Children's and Youth Literature [no].", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "}}", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Asiolasma angka, is a species of harvestmen belonging to the family Nemastomatidae. It is found in China, Gansu Province. It was described in the genus Asiolasma.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A relatively small species with rather flat body and short hood; only prolonged anterior part of prosoma with eye mound and hood slightly elevated, similar to geographically close species A. juergengruberi; body less massive than in A. schwendingeri, caused by smaller hood processes. Patella of pedipalp with a bent and pointed medio-distal apophysis; I-IV areas of opisthosoma each with a para-median pair of low tubercles.", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John J. Robison (1824–1897) was a 19th-century Michigan politician who was the mayor of Ann Arbor from 1886 to 1887. He also served as a state senator and county clerk.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Robison was born on August 13, 1824 in Phelps, New York to mother Gertrude Hoag and father Andrew Robison, both devoted Presbyterians. Andrew was originally a currier and tanner, but later became involved in general farming.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1843, Robison moved with his family to Sharon, Michigan. He was a schoolteacher in Sharon and Manchester for 18 terms, after which he devoted more attention to farming. On May 2, 1847, Robison married Altha E. Gillett and they subsequently had five children together.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Robison began dabbling in politics in 1862 when he was first elected to the Michigan Senate. He was re-elected in 1864, and in 1866 he was re-nominated for the position but declined to run. Robison was elected as County Clerk of Washtenaw County in 1868 and again in 1870. He was a delegate for the 1872 Democratic National Convention in Baltimore. He was also nominated for a seat in the U.S. Congress in 1874 and 1876, but was defeated both times. In 1878, Robison was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Robison moved to Ann Arbor upon being elected County Clerk in 1882, with his term commencing on January 1, 1883; he was re-elected to the post in 1884. In 1886, he was elected mayor of Ann Arbor and served for one term.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1887, Robison bought the Main Street Jail in Ann Arbor and turned it into his family home. Robison died on Tuesday, October 26, 1897 at 6 a.m.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Afua Owusu Asantewaa Aduonum (born 11 May 1990), better known as Afua Asantewaa, is a Ghanaian media personality, journalist, and entrepreneur. She is the chief executive officer of Askof Productions Ltd, organizers of the Ghana Outstanding Women Awards, the Pose For Africa Models Reality Show, and Miss Kidi Ghana.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In December 2023, she attempted to break the Guinness World Record for the longest individual singing marathon. She sang for 126 hours and 52 minutes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Afua Asantewaa Aduonum was born on 11 May 1990.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Asantewaa began her career as a journalist and worked for several Ghanaian media companies. She is the chief executive officer of Askof Productions Ltd, organizers of the Ghana Outstanding Women Awards, the Pose For Africa Models Reality Show, and Miss Kidi Ghana.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Asantewaa is married to sports journalist Kofi Aduonum. They have three children.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In December 2023, Asantewaa announced she would be attempting to break the record for the longest individual singing marathon. She began singing on 24 December 2023, at Akwaaba village, located in Accra, Ghana. She broke the record on 28 December 2023. On 29 December 2023, Asantewaa concluded her attempt, having sung for 126 hours and 52 minutes. The record has yet to be verified.", "title": "Longest singing marathon record" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The reigning world record holder for the longest singing marathon in the Guinness Book of Records, Sunil Waghmare, sang for 105 hours in 2012. Many prominent Ghanaian individuals also travelled to show their support and appreciation for Asantewaa. This includes Ghanaian musicians such as KiDi, Kuami Eugene, Kojo Antwi, Fancy Gadam, Sista Afia, Efya, Wendy Shay, Celestine Donkor, Obaapa Christy; actors such as Nana Ama McBrown, Salinko, Akrobeto, and Fella Makafui, as well as Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia.", "title": "Longest singing marathon record" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Following her attempt, Asantewaa was named tourism ambassador.", "title": "Longest singing marathon record" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "West Park is a public park in Macclesfield, in Cheshire, England, about 0.5 kilometres (0.3 mi) north-west of the town centre. It was opened in 1854, and is listed Grade II in Historic England's Register of Parks and Gardens.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The park was created as a result of a movement among working-men's clubs in Macclesfield for a memorial to the former Prime Minister Robert Peel, who had died in 1850. John May, a councillor who had organised the first works outing to Blackpool from Macclesfield, proposed that money collected should be used not to erect a statue but to create a public park.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After a public meeting in 1853, an area of land known as Town Field, and 8 acres (3.2 ha) from the Westbrook Estate, were purchased. Work on the park started early in 1854. It was designed by William Barron; he had redesigned the gardens of Elvaston Castle, residence of the Earl of Harrington who owned land near Macclesfield. The park, known then as Peel Park, was opened on 2 October 1854.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Two Russion cannons captured in the Crimean War were placed in the park in 1857. They were removed during the Second World War.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Three early medieval cross shafts, formerly at Ridge Hall Farm in Sutton Lane Ends, were moved to the park by 1864. They are at the intersection of two paths in the east of the park, and are a scheduled monument. They date from the late 9th or early 10th century; there are similar crosses at Wincle and Astbury.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "West Park Museum, situated to the north of the main entrance, was opened in 1898. It was donated to the town by Marianne Brocklehurst, a collector of Egyptian antiquities. The building, of brick with terracotta dressings and a clerestory, is Grade II listed.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The area of the park is 6.2 hectares (15 acres). The main entrance is on Prestbury Road; from here there is a driveway through the park towards the location where once stood Westbrook House, now demolished. Westbrook House and its grounds were originally intended as part of the park, but were not included on its opening in 1854. East of the driveway there are informal paths around a bowling green, said to be one of the largest in England, which is overlooked by a grass terrace.", "title": "Description and facilities" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "West of the driveway there is an open area for games, around which there are winding paths. A skateboard track is situated near the museum. There are mature trees enclosing the open areas.", "title": "Description and facilities" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Other facilites include a children's play area, a café, a picnic area and ornamental gardens.", "title": "Description and facilities" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Media related to West Park, Macclesfield at Wikimedia Commons", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 WCT New Year Curling in Miyota (Japanese: WCT ニューイヤーカーリング in 御代田 2024) is currently being held from December 29 to January 1 at the Curling Hall Miyota in Miyota, Japan. The total purse for the event is ¥ 2,000,000. It is the second event on the World Curling Tour Japan for the 2023–24 curling season.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The teams are listed as follows:", "title": "Teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Final Round Robin Standings", "title": "Round robin standings" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "All draw times are listed in Japan Standard Time (UTC+09:00).", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Friday, December 29, 8:30 am", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Friday, December 29, 12:20 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Friday, December 29, 4:10 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Friday, December 29, 8:00 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Saturday, December 30, 9:00 am", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Saturday, December 30, 1:00 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Saturday, December 30, 5:00 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Sunday, December 31, 9:00 am", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Sunday, December 31, 1:00 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Sunday, December 31, 5:00 pm", "title": "Round robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Source:", "title": "Playoffs" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Monday, January 1, 8:30 am", "title": "Playoffs" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Monday, January 1, 1:00 pm", "title": "Playoffs" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "José Fritsch (born 6 August 1954) is a Brazilian teacher and politician who served as the first minister of the Ministry of Fishing and Aquaculture from 2003 to 2006. Before being minister, he was the mayor of the city of Chapecó and served as a state deputy in his home state of Santa Catarina. He is a long-time member of the Workers' Party (PT).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Fritsch was born in the western part of Santa Catarina to small-scale farmers. He moved to Chapecó at 12 years old, where he studied at the Diocesan Seminary. He is married and has four children. He graduated with a degree in social studies from University of West Santa Catarina (Unoesc), and later took course in philosophy and public policy in Germany. While in Florianópolis, he participated in the founding of the Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT), while also helping to establish the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) in the mid-1970s. In the 1980s, he worked with the landless workers' movement.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1994, he was elected a state deputy in Santa Catarina. In 1996, he was elected as the mayor of Chapecó, and was reelected in 2000. He resigned from office in 2002 to run to become the governor of Santa Catarina, but did not advance into the second round. He was succeeded as mayor by Pedro Uczai [pt]. He would run again in 2006, but would again not advance to the second round. He became the first minister of the Ministry of Fishing and Aquaculture at the invite of president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in late 2002.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lauren Dahl (October 24, 1978 - December 12, 2004) was a Canadian actress and artist. She is known for her roles in The Last Don, Finding Kelly and Diagnosis: Murder.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dahl was born in North York, Ontario, Canada. She attended Cardinal Carter Academy for the Arts in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lauren Dahl appeared in the miniseries The Last Don. Other television shows include Party of Five and Diagnosis: Murder playing Dr. Carla Meyer. She appeared in the mystery film, Finding Kelly. Dahl moved to Los Angeles where she apprenticed under renowned artist Bryten Goss. Recently, her work was displayed at an art show in Los Angeles hosted by actor Danny Masterson and purchased by celebrities such as Jason Lee.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Dahl has two sisters, Caitlin Dahl and Melinda Dahl, who are both actresses.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "North York artist Lauren Bess Dahl Foley died in a car accident in Hollywood, Los Angeles on December 12, 2004. She was killed instantly when the driver of the car she was in lost control on a foggy night and collided with a van. The Lauren Dahl Artist Foundation has been created to preserve her work and assist other artists to promote their work.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zafrul Ahsan Lari (1909 – 27 February 1975) was an ICS (Punjab Cadre) Administrator from the 1934 batch. His career in civil service is distinct. He worked during Partition of India 1947 at a senior level in which civil administration and government in Punjab were under stress due to the influx of refugees from the Indian side of Punjab, providing stability to the civil service run the newly born country, Pakistan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Zafrul Ahsan Lari was born in Lar, Deoria district, Uttar Pradesh, India in 1909. He was born to parents (Father Abdus Shakoor) who belonged to the historic local Muslim community Iraqi Biradari. He received a B.A. in English literature from Allahabad University in 1930 and was appointed on probation to teach English Literature at Allahabad University for more than one year. Afterward, he fulfilled the U.P. civil service requirement serving the state government in Aligarh for a short time from February 1933 to July 1934.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Zafrul Ahsan Lari passed the Indian civil service examination that took place in Delhi in January 1934. He completed his probationary year of service at St John’s College, Oxford and joined the Indian Civil Service in 1934 under the British government in India. He returned to India and was appointed low-level district administrator(s), to get on-field administrative experience, serving the Punjab government until he reached the Deputy Commissioner position in Jhelum (1946). Punjab government appointed him Additional Deputy Commissioner on 11 August 1947 and promoted him Deputy Commissioner of Lahore on Independence Day (14 August 1947) for looking into refugee camps and refugee rehabilitation issues when Lahore was an uninhabitable place. He had received an additional charge as Chairman of the Lahore Improvement Trust on 1 September 1947, to rebuild Lahore. He rebuilt the burnt-out Shah Almi in the old town by widening the road and developed new areas like Gulberg and Samanabad, to cater to the influx of population.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Toward the end of 1946, the 20-year-old Punjab government dominated by the Unionist party was replaced by the Pakistan Muslim League as a result of new elections in 1946. Two years later on 26 May 1949 when the new Punjab government/or governor appointed him the chairman of the Thal Development Authority on 26 May 1949, he created new cities called Jauharabad, Quaidabad, and Liaquatabad by granting land to anyone who was prepared to settle and work there, thus drawing them away from old towns which were being choked by the influx of refugees.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Zafrul Ahsan established the foundation of PIA after he was appointed the first managing director of PIA by the government of Pakistan in 1956. He worked relentlessly toward the creation of a functional national airline and in his 4-year tenure got the ball rolling and set the shape of things to come. The PIA Head Office building at Karachi Airport, which houses all the major departments of the airline, was the brainchild of Mr. Zafar-ul-Ahsan.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "President Sikandar Mirza abrogated the Constitution, dissolved the National and Provincial Assemblies, and declared Martial Law, on 7 October 1958. After the Martial Law, he retired from the civil service job in Pakistan. Not only did the ICS and CSP officers facilitate development, but they also took a leadership role in economic and urban planning. Mr. Zafar-ul-Ahsan Lari is an example, an ICS officer who, after retirement, turned into a patriotic entrepreneur. He built the first Soda Ash factory in Pakistan. Before retirement, he was also instrumental in setting up the aforementioned Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) from scratch.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Lari died in Karachi on 27 February 1975.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lotus Lake Thirunavaya Or and Migratory Birds Sanctuary Thirunavaya ({{[[Module:{{{1}}}|#invoke:{{{1}}}]]|function}}) is a Wetland, Lake and Birds Sanctuary located in Tirunavaya, Many backwaters can be seen here, including South Pallar lotus Lake, Valiyaparapoor lotus Lake and Edakulam lotus Lake, which is commonly known as Lotus Lake Wetland Thirunavaya , Malappuram district in Kerala, India. the bird sanctuary is visited by many migratory bird.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Thirunavaya Lotas lake and Lotas farm popular tourist destination on the Malappuram district in kerala, India. it is famous for the lotus plants on the lake and the temples near the lake, the Thirunavaya Navamukunda Temple. Lotus flower is exported to many states of India from here, lotus flower is directly exported from here to many temples in India, lotus cultivation and lotus lake are done by the local people here mostly Muslim farmers.", "title": "Lotus Lake Thirunavaya" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The main attractions are the migratory birds like Asian Openbill Stork, Egret and Beaks and more are seen here. During the September-February season sighting of rare migratory birds are common here as well as the like waterfowl, koel, owl, egret, heron, cormorant, moorhen, darter, and brahminy kite, and other birds are seen here during their respective migratory seasons. Some of the migratory birds come from the Himalayas, and a few from Siberia.", "title": "Migratory Birds Sanctuary Thirunavaya" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Lotus Lake and sanctuary is spread over 20 acres (8.1 ha) on the southern bank of the Bharathappuzha River", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lotus Lake Thirunavaya is 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) from Tirunnavaya railway station. State Highway No. 66 leads to Puthanathani and Kuttippuram in opposite directions. Kozhikode International Airport is 40 km (25 mi) from Thirunavaya.", "title": "Geography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mount Dech is a 7,475-foot-elevation (2,278-meter) mountain summit in Alaska.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mount Dech is the third-highest peak in the Takhinsha Mountains which are a subrange of the Saint Elias Mountains. It is located 14 miles (23 km) southwest of Haines on the northern boundary of Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the mountain's north slope drains to the Chilkat River, whereas the south slope drains to Glacier Bay. Although modest in elevation, topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 3,500 feet (1,067 meters) above the Garrison Glacier in one mile (1.6 km). The mountain was named by a group of climbers led by Lawrence E. Nielsen who made the first ascent of the summit on June 19, 1966. The peak's toponym is a Tlingit word meaning \"two.\" The mountain's toponym has not been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names, and it will remain unofficial as long as the USGS policy of not adopting new toponyms in designated wilderness areas remains in effect.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Dech is located in a tundra climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Takhinsha Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. This climate supports the Bertha, Casement, and Garrison glaciers surrounding the peak.", "title": "Climate" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "One Pact (Korean: 원팩트; RR: Weonpaekteu; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean boy band formed and managed by Armada Ent in 2023. The group consists of 5 members: Jongwoo, Jay Chang, Seongmin, Tag and Yedam. They debuted on November 30, 2023, with the extended play (EP) Moment.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "One Pact derived from two words: \"one\" and \"impact\", meaning \"to unite together to create a big impact.\"", "title": "Name" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On September 27, 2023, Armada Ent announced Jongwoo as the first member of the group.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In October 2023, Armada Ent revealed Seongmin, Tag and Yedam as other members of the group from 4th to 6th, respectively. On October 10, Armada Ent announced the group's pre-debut tour entitled \"2023 One Pact Fan on Tour 'The Pact'\" in Japan and Thailand in November 2023. On October 18, Jay Chang was announced as the final member of the group after he debuted as a soloist. One Pact released the performance videos of pre-debut songs \"G.O.A.T\" and \"Hot Stuff\" (멋진 거) on their official YouTube account on the 24th and 27th, respectively.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On November 1, 2023, Armada Ent confirmed that One Pact would debut on November 30. One Pact held a media showcase on the afternoon for their debut EP on November 30 at Ilchi Art Hall in Gangnam, Seoul. On the same day, One Pact released their debut EP Moment with the lead single \"Must Be Nice\" (주겠다).", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dalatangi (Icelandic: Dalatangi) is the outermost headland between the Seyðisfjörður and the Mjóifjörður on the east coast of Iceland. There are two lighthouses there. The older one was built in 1895, making it the oldest lighthouse in Iceland. Its construction was initiated by the shipowner Otto Wathne [is] from Seyðisfjörður. The older lighthouse was replaced by a taller one in 1908, fell into disrepair and was rebuilt in 1985–1987. Since then it has been under the care of the Sjóminjasafn Austurlands Maritime Museum and has been a listed building since 2006. The taller tower has also served as a weather station since 1938 until today. The tower height is 10m, the fire height is 19m.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Mjóafjarðarvegur [is] leads directly from the ring road with a distance of 47 kilometres (29 mi) to the headland.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "65°16′12″N 13°34′33″W / 65.27000°N 13.57583°W / 65.27000; -13.57583", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Abhishek Kumar is an Indian computational biologist working as a Faculty Scientist at Institute of Bioinformatics in Bangalore, India. He is specialized in genomics, bioinformatics and transcriptomics. His most notable accomplishment is the sequencing of the largest number of marine fungus genomes that is available in publicly accessible domain. He is renowned for his extensive research on the genetics of familial cancer and for developing pipelines for the analysis of over three hundred samples of different cancer types as well as whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing data while affiliated with the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ). His major research interests are evolutionary and biodiversity genomics, and multi-omics approaches to human diseases and for drug discovery from microbes. He is a recipient of the Ramalingaswami Fellowship from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kumar pursued his M.Sc. in Biotechnology from the Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India followed by his Ph.D. from the University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany. Later, he was employed as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Padova in Italy.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He developed pipelines for Roche 454-based transcriptome analysis for fishes and insects while serving as the University of Padova's Postdoctoral Fellow. After that, he relocated to the University of Kiel's Institute of Botany in Germany, where he developed multi-omics techniques to characterize potential drug-like compounds, discovered the marine fungi's biosynthetic gene clusters, and researched fungal adaptations. He currently has the distinction of having sequenced the most number of publicly available marine fungus genomes. Throughout this time, he developed close relationships with numerous European organizations from Denmark, Germany, France and Poland. Eventually, he relocated to Heidelberg, Germany to join the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) as a Research Scientist, where he focused on the genetics of family cancer and created pipelines for the analysis of over three hundred samples of different cancer types as well as whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing data.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After joining Institute of Bioinformatics, he is more involved in applying multi-omics techniques in order to study neurological illnesses and cancer, and he develops computational pipelines for in-depth genomic analysis.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "USNS Balboa (T-EMS-2) will be the eighteenth overall Spearhead-class expeditionary fast transport, and second of the Expeditionary Medical Ship sub-class. She will be operated by the United States Navy's Military Sealift Command.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 27 October 2023, Secretary of the Navy Carlos Del Toro announced that the ship would be named after Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD), which is informally known as \"Balboa Naval Hospital\", to \"honor the legacy and commitment of Navy doctors, nurses, corpsmen, and staff of Balboa Naval Hospital in caring for the needs of U.S. Service Members\". The name dates back more than a hundred years, when a naval medical tent was first erected in the middle of San Diego's Balboa Park (on the site of the present day NMCSD), for the Panama-California Exposition in 1915. Also announced was ship sponsor Deborah Paxton, RN, MSN, wife of General John Paxton, the 33rd Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Beginning with EPF-14, the ships will be designated as EPF Flight II, with increased health services capabilities while still maintaining most of the original mission of the ship. The Flight II variant is designed to bring enhanced medical capabilities at the request of Combatant Commanders, and allows patients to recover onboard rather than in a higher-level facility. They can respond faster, and to more places than the Navy's larger, slower and unarmed hospital ships. The EPF Flight II design includes upgrades to the medical facilities for resuscitation and surgery, enhanced support of V-22 flight operations, and enhanced launch and recovery of 11-meter rigid inflatable boats.", "title": "Expeditionary Medical Ship" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In January 2023, the Navy announced that three Expeditionary Medical Ships (EMS) had been approved in the 2023 military budget. These will be T-EMS-1, T-EMS-2, and T-EMS-3. These are planned to be about 118m versus the earlier ships 103 metres (338 ft), and have a draft of 4.5 metres (15 ft) for operations in \"austere ports\". The EMS will have four operating rooms and 124 medical beds, separated into acute care, acute isolation, ICU, and ICU isolation spaces. Two 11-meter rigid-hulled inflatable boats allow for the transfer of patients from other ships or water rescue; the flight deck has room for a single V-22, or an H-53 or H-60 helicopter.", "title": "Expeditionary Medical Ship" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Maldives-Saudi Relations are the bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Republic of Maldives.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and the Maldives were established on 17 March 1981 during the presidency of former Maldivian President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, who ruled the country for three decades until 2008. These relations increased between the two countries after a visit by Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz, when he was Crown Prince at the time, in the month of February 2014 to the Republic of Maldives. King Salman donated the construction of 10 mosques in the Maldives.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Republic of Maldives opened an embassy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Capital, Riyadh and was opened on 12 May 2008. The current ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is Mohamed Khaleel.", "title": "Diplomatic Missions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia established an embassy in the Republic of Maldives' capital, Malé on 2 August 2015. The current ambassador to the Republic of Maldives is Matrek Abdullah Al-Ajalin Aldosari.", "title": "Diplomatic Missions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Asiolasma schwendingeri is a species of harvestmen belonging to the family Nemastomatidae. It is found in Vietnam, Ha Noi Province. It was described in the genus Asiolasma.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Asiolasma schwendingeri is the largest and most long-legged of all Asiolasma species, with rather flat body, anterior part of prosoma including eye mound and hood slightly elevated (in lateral view), visual impression of body massive caused by short hood but slender and fanned tubercles of hood; conspicuously long and slender pedipalps only in this species; pedipalpal tibia and tarsus together longer than femur (in both sexes.", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "King Mongkut's University may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Asiolasma juergengruberi is a species of harvestmen belonging to the family Nemastomatidae. It is endemic to northern Yunnan Province China. It was described in the genus Asiolasma.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Asiolasma juergengruberi is a medium-sized, rather globular species with flat ocular tubercle (i.e. ocularium) and hood and with relatively short hood projection; 2nd cheliceral article with pointed hook on broad elevated apophysis. The male penis shaft is extremely slender, with short enlarged base, and glans/truncus armature containing two proximally dislocated lateral spicules.", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Empire Cinema, formerly the Odeon Cinema, is a cinema in Maney, Sutton Coldfield in West Midlands. England. Built in 1936, it is notable for its Art Deco style. It is a Grade II listed building. It closed in 2020; its future re-opening, as the Royal Cinema, was announced in December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The cinema is situated on Maney Corner, at the junction of Holland Road with the A5127 Birmingham Road.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It was built as one of the Odeon Cinemas of Oscar Deutsch. The architect was Cecil Clavering of the Harry Weedon partnership. The style, by the same firm, was first produced for the Odeon, Kingstanding, and further Odeon Cinemas in similar style were built in York, Harrogate and Scarborough. The listing text describes that the foyer, staircase and auditorium are \"each defined as a separate block in a complex, carefully massed and expressionistic composition\" inspired by the Titania-Palast [de] in Berlin, built in 1928.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The cinema opened on 18 April 1936; the first film shown was First a Girl. It seated 1028 in the stalls and 572 in the balcony. From April 1972 there were three screens: one was viewed from the balcony, and two, each seating 132, were created in the rear stalls below. A fourth screen was created in 1987 in the former front stalls.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2006, Empire Cinemas took over this and several other Odeon Cinemas, and it was renamed the Empire Cinema. It closed in March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic; after briefly re-opening later in the year, it closed in November 2020.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In December 2023 it was announced that the cinema had been bought by PDJ Management Ltd; it would be restored and re-opened in 2024 as the Royal Cinema.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Commanders of the Air Force is the head of the Kenya Air Force. The post was created in 1964 with Group Captain Ian Stockwell of the Royal Air Force as the first commander. The current Commanders of the Air Force is Lt. Gen. John Mugaravai Omenda, who was appointed on 23 July 2021.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Suh Pann-Ghill is a South Korean neuroscientist. He has served as a professor and vice president for research at UNIST and the third president of the Korea Brain Research Institute.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He is a Master of Science, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, and Doctor of Philosophy in biochemistry from Seoul National University.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Suh performed his postdoc at the Lab of Cell Signaling of the National Institutes of Health. He then became a professor and chair of the Dept. of Life Science at POSTECH. He has also served as the president of the Korean University Council of Research and Industry Cooperation, chairman of the National Council of Basic Sciences & Technology in Korea, professor and vice president for research at UNIST, and president of the Korea Brain Research Institute.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Category:1952 births Category:Living people Category:South Korean scientists Category:South Korean neuroscientists Category:Seoul National University alumni", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "A Bacchanalian Revel Before a Term is an oil painting by Nicolas Poussin, dated to 1632–1633, which is now in the National Gallery in London.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The principal group consists of two nymphs and two fauns (emblem of the four seasons), dancing joyously in a ring. While thus performing their rounds, one of the former is squeezing the juice of grapes from her hand on two bacchanalian boys, who are struggling together to catch it; a third, overcome with its potent effects, lies asleep near them. In the opposite side is a term adorned with flowers, in front of which is a satyr endeavouring to embrace a nymph who in her struggles has fallen. One of her companions has seized the sylvan by the horn, and is about to inflict a blow on him with an empty golden vase, but is prevented by the prostrate female, and also by one of the dancers. A thick grove bounds the view on this side and on the other is a rocky landscape represented under the aspect of a fine evening.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Engraved by Huart, De Paray, and S. S. Smith.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Smith (1837) comments, \"This chef d'œuvre of art is a highly classic and poetical exposition of the mystic rites of the sylvan deity\". On the other hand, Wright (1985) considers this picture \"One of Poussin's few attempts at the genuinely humorous.\"", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Speicher railway station (German: Bahnhof Speicher) is a railway station in Speicher, in the Swiss canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. It is a station on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+⁄8 in) metre gauge St. Gallen–Trogen railway line (since 2018 Appenzell–St. Gallen–Trogen railway line) of Appenzell Railways.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "As of the December 2023 timetable change, the following services stop at Speicher:", "title": "Services" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In the domain of wireless communication, air-to-ground channels (A2G) are used for linking airborne devices, such as drones and aircraft, with terrestrial communication equipment. These channels are instrumental in a wide array of applications, extending beyond commercial telecommunications — including important roles in 5G and forthcoming 6G networks, where aerial base stations are integral to Non-Terrestrial Networks — to encompass critical uses in emergency response, environmental monitoring, military communications, and the expanding domain of the internet of things (IoT). A comprehensive understanding of A2G channels, their operational mechanics, and distinct attributes is essential for the enhancement of wireless network performance (range of signal coverage, data transfer speeds, and overall connection reliability).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In wireless communication networks, the channel of propagation serves as the medium between the transmitter and the receiver. The characteristics of this channel largely dictate the operational limits of wireless networks in terms of range, throughput, and latency, thereby significantly influencing technological design decisions. Consequently, the characterization and modeling of these channels are of paramount importance.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A2G channels are notably characterized by a high probability of line-of-sight (LOS) propagation, a critical factor for higher frequency transmissions like mmWaves and THz. This feature leads to enhanced reliability of links and a reduction in the necessary transmission power to meet the desired link budget. Moreover, for non-line-of-sight (NLOS) links, especially at lower frequencies, the variations in power are less pronounced compared to terrestrial communication networks, attributed to the fact that only the ground-based elements of the link encounter obstacles affecting propagation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitter propagate in multiple directions. These waves interact with the environment via different propagation phenomena before reaching the receiver. The figure below demonstrates how processes like specular reflection, diffraction, scattering, and penetration, or a combination thereof, can play a role in wave propagation. It's also important to consider the potential obstructions in the signal's path.", "title": "Basics of signal propagation" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The signal received is essentially a combination of multiple versions of the original signal, known as Multipath Components (MPCs), each arriving with varying amplitude, delay (phase), and direction. This results in a coherent aggregate of all these signal copies, which may enhance or weaken the overall signal, depending on the random phases of these components.", "title": "Basics of signal propagation" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Radio channels are typically characterized as a superposition of various fading phenomena:", "title": "Basics of signal propagation" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "H = Λ + X s h + X S S , {\\displaystyle H=\\Lambda +X_{sh}+X_{SS},}", "title": "Basics of signal propagation" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Here, Λ {\\displaystyle \\Lambda } refers to the distance-dependent Pathloss (PL), X s h {\\displaystyle X_{sh}} denotes Shadow fading, which accounts for large-scale power variations due to environmental factors, and X S S {\\displaystyle X_{SS}} represents Small-Scale or fast fading. The following sections detail the modeling of these components.", "title": "Basics of signal propagation" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "There exist several channel models not drawing an explicit distinction between LOS and NLOS channels. However, the most common channel modeling approach consists of the four following steps:", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In cases where the distinction between LOS (Line-of-Sight) and NLOS (Non-Line-of-Sight) links is made, modeling the LOS probability P LOS {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{LOS}}} becomes critical. The most popular approach to deriving these statistics is based on creating a geometrical model (e.g., Manhattan grid) of the propagation environment.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Simplified 2D model: a popular approach suggested by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). According to ITU , the LOS probability is given by:", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "P LOS = ∏ n = 0 m [ 1 − exp ( − [ h UAV − ( n + 1 2 ) ( h UAV − h G ) m + 1 ] 2 2 Ω 2 ) ] , {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{LOS}}=\\prod _{n=0}^{m}\\left[1-\\exp \\left(-{\\frac {\\left[h_{\\text{UAV}}-{\\frac {(n+{\\frac {1}{2}})(h_{\\text{UAV}}-h_{\\text{G}})}{m+1}}\\right]^{2}}{2\\Omega ^{2}}}\\right)\\right],}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "where m = floor ( d h ς ξ − 1 ) {\\displaystyle m={\\text{floor}}\\left(d_{h}{\\sqrt {\\varsigma \\xi }}-1\\right)} , d h {\\displaystyle d_{h}} is the horizontal distance between the UAV and the ground node, h UAV {\\displaystyle h_{\\text{UAV}}} and h G {\\displaystyle h_{\\text{G}}} are the terminal heights, ς {\\displaystyle \\varsigma } is the ratio of land area covered by buildings compared to the total land area, ξ {\\displaystyle \\xi } is the mean number of buildings per km, and Ω {\\displaystyle \\Omega } is the scale parameter of building heights distribution (assumed to follow a Rayleigh distribution). In some cases, it is more convenient to express the LOS probability as a function of incident or elevation angle.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Note that the expression is independent of the azimuth angle, consequently, the orientation over the city layout is not taken into account resulting in a 2D model even though the terminal heights are used.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The NLOS probability is computed from the LOS probability by the following equation:", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "P NLOS = 1 − P LOS . {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{NLOS}}=1-P_{\\text{LOS}}.}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Path loss represents the reduction in power density of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates through space. This attenuation is a critical factor in wireless communication, including A2G channels. A basic path loss model considers a Line-of-Sight (LOS) scenario where the signal travels freely without obstructions between the transmitter and receiver. The formula for calculating the received signal power under these conditions is as follows:", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "P R = P T × G T × G R × ( λ 4 π d ) η , {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{R}}=P_{\\text{T}}\\times G_{\\text{T}}\\times G_{\\text{R}}\\times \\left({\\frac {\\lambda }{4\\pi d}}\\right)^{\\eta },}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Here, P T {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{T}}} denotes the power of the transmitted signal, G T {\\displaystyle G_{\\text{T}}} and G R {\\displaystyle G_{\\text{R}}} are the gains of the transmitting and receiving antennas, respectively, λ {\\displaystyle \\lambda } is the wavelength of the carrier signal, and d {\\displaystyle d} represents the distance between the transmitter and receiver. The Path Loss Exponent (PLE), η {\\displaystyle \\eta } , typically has a value of 2 in a free-space environment, indicative of free-space propagation. However, PLE can take other values depending on the propagation environment. Therefore, the general expression for path loss can be represented as:", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Λ = ( 4 π d λ ) η . {\\displaystyle \\Lambda =\\left({\\frac {4\\pi d}{\\lambda }}\\right)^{\\eta }.}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "However, real-world A2G communication scenarios often differ from ideal free-space conditions. The log-distance path loss model, which considers a reference point for free-space propagation, is frequently utilized to estimate path loss in more complex environments (expressed in decibels):", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Λ ( d ) = Λ 0 + 10 η log ( d d 0 ) , {\\displaystyle \\Lambda (d)=\\Lambda _{0}+10\\eta \\log \\left({\\frac {d}{d_{0}}}\\right),}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "where Λ 0 {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{0}} is the path loss at a reference distance d 0 {\\displaystyle d_{0}} , which can be calculated or predetermined based on free-space path loss ( Λ 0 = 20 log [ 4 π d 0 λ ] {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{0}=20\\log \\left[{\\frac {4\\pi d_{0}}{\\lambda }}\\right]} ).", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Incorporating both LOS and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions, the average path loss can be estimated by combining the path loss values for these two scenarios :", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Λ = P LOS × Λ LOS + ( 1 − P LOS ) × Λ NLOS , {\\displaystyle \\Lambda =P_{\\text{LOS}}\\times \\Lambda _{\\text{LOS}}+(1-P_{\\text{LOS}})\\times \\Lambda _{\\text{NLOS}},}", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "In this formula, Λ LOS {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{\\text{LOS}}} and Λ NLOS {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{\\text{NLOS}}} refer to the path loss values for LOS and NLOS conditions, respectively, while P LOS {\\displaystyle P_{\\text{LOS}}} indicates the likelihood of an LOS link between the UAV and the ground station. The respective PLE values for Λ LOS {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{\\text{LOS}}} and Λ NLOS {\\displaystyle \\Lambda _{\\text{NLOS}}} are detailed in various studies.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "Additionally, atmospheric absorption and rain attenuation can also lead to significant power loss for mmWaves and THz frequency bands.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "Beyond path loss, the presence of large structures like buildings, trees, and vehicles introduces specific, random variations in the power of received signals. These changes, known as Shadow fading, generally evolve at a slower pace, spanning tens to hundreds of wavelengths. Shadow fading at a given distance d {\\displaystyle d} is typically represented as a normal random variable X s h {\\displaystyle X_{sh}} in decibels (dB), with a variance σ {\\displaystyle \\sigma } . This variance reflects the deviations in received power around the mean path loss.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "On a smaller scale, fading involves rapid changes in received signal strength over shorter distances, typically within the span of a few wavelengths. These fluctuations arise from the interference of Multipath Components (MPCs) that converge at the receiver. To quantify this behavior, statistical models such as the Rayleigh and Rice distributions are frequently used. Both are founded on complex Gaussian statistics. In environments with many MPCs, each with distinct amplitudes and random phases, small-scale fading often adheres to a Rayleigh distribution. Particularly in Air-to-Air (A2A) and Air-to-Ground (A2G) channels, where Line-of-Sight (LOS) propagation predominates, a Ricean distribution is a more appropriate model. Additionally, other models like Nakagami, chi-squared ( χ 2 {\\displaystyle \\chi ^{2}} ), and non-central χ 2 {\\displaystyle \\chi ^{2}} distributions are also considered relevant in certain scenarios. Notably, the χ 2 {\\displaystyle \\chi ^{2}} family of distributions encompasses many of these models.", "title": "Channel modeling" }, { "paragraph_id": 29, "text": "For the modeling of small-scale fading, Geometry-Based Stochastic Channel Models (GBSCM) are among the most widely used methodologies. These models are developed through empirical measurements or geometric analysis and simulation, accommodating the inherently stochastic nature of signal variation. GBSCM is particularly effective in modeling narrow-band channels or the taps of wideband models that employ a tapped delay line approach.", "title": "Channel modeling" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "On December 5, 2023, Yan signed a one–year, $500,000 contract with the Saitama Seibu Lions of Nippon Professional Baseball.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2013 Vietnam Championship Series A Winter Season is the first split of the first season of Vietnam's fully professional League of Legends league after renaming from Glorious Arena.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Top 8 team from 2013 VCS A Winter Qualifiers", "title": "Participants" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Matches are best of one", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "₫200,000,000 Vietnamese Dong are spread among the teams as seen below:", "title": "Final standings" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "As of this edit, this article uses content from \"Garena Premier League\", which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Amit Patkar is an Indian politician from Goa. He serves as president of Goa Pradesh Congress Committee. He belongs to the Indian National Congress", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He unsuccessfully contested 2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election from Curchorem as an Indian National Congress candidate.", "title": "Political Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Political Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kamalapur (Bengali: কমলাপুর) is a neighbourhood in Dhaka. It is under the thana of Motijheel. Kamalapur is famously known for hosting Bangladesh's largest and most important railway station, the Dhaka Railway Station.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kamalapur is under Motijheel Thana, administered by Dhaka South City Corporation. Kamalapur is in Ward No. 8 of DSCC, formerly in Ward No. 31. It is in Zone 2 of DSCC.", "title": "Geography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Ninety-First Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 4, 1993, to January 3, 1995, in regular session, and also convened in two special sessions.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This was the first legislative session after the redistricting of the Senate and Assembly according to a decision of a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin in 1992.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 3, 1992. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 6, 1990.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Members of the Senate for the Ninety-First Wisconsin Legislature:", "title": "Members" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Members of the Assembly for the Ninety-First Wisconsin Legislature:", "title": "Members" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Four Hills Tournament (German: 72. Vierschanzentournee), part of the 2023–24 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup, takes place at the four traditional venues of Oberstdorf, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Innsbruck and Bischofshofen, located in Germany and Austria, between 28 December 2023 and 6 January 2024. It is the 72nd edition of the event.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "HS137 Schattenbergschanze, Germany 29 December 2023", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "HS142 Große Olympiaschanze, Germany 1 January 2024", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "HS128 Bergiselschanze, Austria 3 January 2024", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "HS142 Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze, Austria 6 January 2024", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The final standings after all four events:", "title": "Overall standings" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Richard F. Canning was an American attorney who was the president of the American Hockey League from 1957 to 1961.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Canning graduated from Brown University in 1932 and Harvard Law School in 1935. He was admitted to the Rhode Island bar in 1935 and practiced with Letts & Quinn and its successor firms, Letts, Quinn, & Licht and Licht & Semonoff. He also served as the city solicitor of Cranston, Rhode Island.", "title": "Legal career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1945, Canning became the legal counsel for the Rhode Island Auditorium. In this role, Canning was also involved with the AHL's Providence Reds. In 1952, Reds owner Louis Pieri resigned as club president following a dispute with American Hockey League president Maurice Podoloff. Canning succeeded him as team president and took his seat on the league's board of directors. Canning was elected vice president of the AHL in 1954 and was promoted to executive vice president three years later. On October 7, 1957, Canning was elected president of the American Hockey League, a position he held until 1961, when he resigned to focus on his law practice. He returned to the role as governor for the Reds and in 1974 became the AHL's as vice president and general counsel. In 1972, Canning received the James C. Hendy Memorial Award, which is given annually to an executive who has made the most outstanding contribution to the American Hockey League. In 1990, the league honored Canning with the Richard F. Canning Trophy, which is awarded to the Eastern Conference playoff champions. Canning died on August 6, 1990, in Providence, Rhode Island. He was 78 years old.", "title": "American Hockey League" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mariana Oleskiv (born April 10, 1982, in Lviv ) is a Ukrainian high-ranking official who has been working in the field of tourism and MICE since 2002", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In March 2020 she was appointed Chairperson of the State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine, the main mission of which is to implement state policy in the field of tourism and resorts of Ukraine. The Agency's activities primarily focus on the development of the tourism potential of regions as well as conducting marketing campaigns to promote the country as an appealing tourist destination, both domestically and internationally.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "1988 - 1999 - Lyceum No. 2 with an emphasis on English language studies.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "1999 - 2004 - Ivan Franko National University of Lviv .", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Fluent in Ukrainian and English.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "2008 –was responsible for technical support organization for EBRD annual meetings in Ukraine.", "title": "Work Experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "2013 - 2015 - Head of the Travel Agencies and Travel Bureaus \"Slupskyi\" LLC . She was engaged in the development of organizational and financial project management methods, including promoting Ukraine as an attractive country for conducting business events.", "title": "Work Experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "2016 – 2018 – Head of KP \"Lviv Tourism Development Center\" of Lviv City Council . Mariana managed the operations of the enterprise that included Tourist Information Centers, a Marketing department, and City Museum. She was also responsible for the promotion of Lviv on international markets and collaborations with international organizations. Mariana launched the Lviv City Card – a tourist card that provides access to the most popular sights and public transport. Under Mariana's leadership, Lviv was granted the privilege to host participants of the 5th European Cities Marketing (ECM) organization's meeting for Tourist Information Centers of European Cities.", "title": "Work Experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "March 2020 - was appointed Chairperson of the State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine (SATD).", "title": "Work Experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In September 2020, she became a member of the working group within the Committee on Humanitarian and Information Policy concerning the state, issues, and development prospects of tourism in Ukraine, specifically for the \"Travel Ukraine\" initiative focused on domestic tourism development.", "title": "Work Experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "During the summer season of 2021, Mariana launched a marketing campaign, thanks to which approximately 60 thousand Saudi Arabians visited Ukraine.", "title": "Other activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In April 2022, at the initiative of Mariana Oleskiv and the SATD team, the Russian Federation was suspended from the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), resulting in the immediate loss of its rights and privileges. In fact, this is the only UN organization that completely suspended the membership of the Russian Federation.", "title": "Other activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In May 2022, under the leadership of Mariana Oleskiv, SATD became a member of the European Travel Commission (ETC). ETC officially invited SATD to join the organization.", "title": "Other activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In March 2023, Mariana was appointed Commissioner of the Ukrainian pavilion at the world's largest architectural exhibition – Biennale Architettura 2023.", "title": "Other activity" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "In September 2023, SATD won the Silver Dolphin award for the best corporate and documentary film at the Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards.", "title": "Other activity" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Robert Quibel, nicknamed Bob Quibel (October 12, 1930, Le Havre, France – January 17, 2013, Baillet-en-France, France) was a French double bassist, arranger and bandleader.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The son of a chauffeur and a cleaning lady, he studied at the minor seminary in Rouen, but was expelled in 1947 for reading Alfred de Musset's La Confession d'un enfant du siècle [fr].", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Returning to live in Le Havre, he wrote small articles for local newspapers. He then worked for a magazine called \"Butterfly\", which published articles in French and English, where he was editor-translator and editorial secretary.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Robert Quibel, who in his youth had been a member of a choir and had learned harmony, started out in the late 1950s as a musician in variety and jazz bands. He was a member of the Benny Bennet and Jacques Hélian orchestras. He also played in the Olympia orchestra under Daniel Janin. In 1960, he was one of the singers in the vocal group Les Barclay, directed by Christiane Legrand.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "From 1962, he was a member of Claude Bolling's trio, with drummer Peter Giger. In 1962–63, he can be heard in Claude Bolling's sextet, alongside Pierre Dutour or Jean-Claude Naude (trumpet), Gérard Badini (tenor sax), Claude Gousset or Nat Peck (trombone) and Peter Giger (drums). In 1963, he joined the group \"The 4 Trombones Incorporated \", initiated by trombonist Raymond Fonsèque, with Charles Orieux, Michel Camicas, François Guin (trombones), Bernard Vitet (tp & flugelhorn), Jean-Louis Chautemps (saxophone) and Peter Giger (drums), who recorded four original compositions by Raymond Fonsèque (not commercially released). In 1968, he accompanied several trombonists (Raymond Fonsèque, François Guin, Luis Fuentes, Christian Guizien, Charles Rieux, Slide Hampton) at the Concert de Jazz au Studio 105 devoted to the trombone.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "He also exercised his talents as a lyricist, as for Jack Ary and his High Society Cha Cha in 1959, with the title Mah Jong Cha Cha, or for Fernand Raynaud in 1965 (Cuisses de grenouille, co-written with Micheline Schotsmans). He also composed for singers such as Ricet Barrier [fr] (Le Noël du chasseur, 1968).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1963, at the Olympia, he met Jacques Martin, then a presenter, who was to become the star presenter from the 1970s to the 1990s. From then on, the two men became inseparable, collaborating on radio, television and at galas organized by Jacques Martin.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1979, for example, he was heard in the cellar of the Hot Club de France in a trio with pianist Didier Aubin and drummer Carl Régnier.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In the 1980s, Robert Quibel was arranger, conductor and composer of music and songs for animated TV series (Sport Billy, Heckle et Jeckle), as well as phonographic adaptations of Disney Studios animated shorts and features, in collaboration with Disques Adès. He is also arranger and conductor for several Jacques Martin records and for Francine Bell's album (1983).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Robert Quibel has collaborated with many famous artists, including crooner Paul Anka, singers Serge Reggiani, Catherine Sauvage and even Édith Piaf, with whom he had the honor of playing at her last concert at the Olympia.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In addition to numerous themes and theme music for Jacques Martin's television programs, Robert Quibel composed À la mémoire de Duke Ellington, a suite for brass quintet.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "As a musician:", "title": "Discography" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "As arranger and conductor:", "title": "Discography" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "As a lyricist:", "title": "Discography" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Music for the stage:", "title": "Composition" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Film music:", "title": "Composition" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hong Xiaoyong (Chinese: 洪小勇; born March 1963) is a diplomat who served as the Chinese Ambassador to Vietnam (2014-2018) and Singapore (2018-2022).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in 1963 in Jiangsu Province, Hong graduated from Peking University. Following graduation, he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1984 and served in the Asian department of the ministry from 1984 to 1985. He was appointed as a staff member and attaché at the Chinese Embassy in Japan in 1985, and served till 1989.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From 1989 to 1994, he served as attaché, third secretary, and second secretary within the Asian department. In 1994, he was appointed as second secretary at the Chinese Embassy in Japan and from 1998 to 2003, he served as second secretary, first secretary, deputy director and director of the Asian department. From 2003 to 2007, he served as counsellor to the Permanent Mission of China to the United Nations, and counselor and director of the Asian department in the ministry.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 2007 to 2011, he served minister counselor at the Chinese Embassy in Singapore, and deputy director of the General Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and counselor of the General Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From November 2011 to April 2014, Hong served as the Deputy Commissioner of the Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Hong Kong.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On May 2014, he was appointed as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. On 20 May 2014, he presented his credentials to President of Vietnam Trương Tấn Sang and on 30 July 2014, at a reception hosted by Vietnamese political bureau member Nguyễn Thiện Nhân, Hong stated that relations between China and Vietnam is a \"valuable asset of the two nations which should be further developed for future generations.\" In May 2016, just before President of the United States Barack Obama's visit to Vietnam, Hong met with Minister of Defense of Vietnam Ngô Xuân Lịch and reached an agreement regarding military cooperation between China and Vietnam. Hong's tenure as an ambassador to Vietnam ended on February 2018.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On March 2018, he was appointed as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Singapore. On 28 March 2018, he presented his credentials to President of Singapore Halimah Yacob. In July 2020, in an interview with Singaporean Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao, Hong stated that China-Singapore relations \"has grown into mutually beneficial cooperation between a large country and a small country.” Hong's tenure as ambassador to Singapore ended on March 2022.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dereje Wordofa Gidda DBA (born 1 February 1966) is an Ethiopian humanist, development expert, social policy analyst and United Nations diplomat. He currently serves as the 4th and first African president of SOS Children’s Villages - the world’s largest non-profit organization focused on catering for children without parental care. Previously, he served as assistant secretary general of the United Nations Population Fund, head of regional policy at Oxfam and deputy program director of Save the Children UK. Wordofa holds doctorate degree in business administration (DBA) from University of Bradford.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dereje Wordofa was born in 1966 in Ethiopia to Haregewoin Beyene Zemariam (mother) and Wordofa Gidda Degefa (father). He Attended Hailemariam Mamo School in Debre Berhan for his high school education before proceeding to Addis Ababa University where he earned a bachelor’s degree in business management in 1987. He obtained an MSc in social policy planning in developing countries from the London School of Economics in 1996 and an MBA from Oxford Brookes University in 2013. From 2014 to 2021, he studied for a doctor in business administration at the University of Bradford.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Wordofa spent a decade of his early career working for Save the Children (UK) in Ethiopia. He had a stint at the American Friends Service Committee as a regional director for Africa where he formulated public policy and developed comprehensive advocacy strategy. He was Oxfam country representative in Uganda and later became head of policy. In this position, he coordinated the organisation’s programmes and liaised with government, non-governmental organisations and donors and provided strategic leadership to regional policy advisors of Oxfam.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2014, he joined SOS Children’s Villages – an international nonprofit organization focused on helping children without parental care as an international director for Eastern and Southern African region and later became deputy chief operating officer for Africa and the Middle East where he improved programme quality and child safeguarding in the regions. He left SOS Children’s Villages to join United Nations as an assistant secretary general and deputy executive director of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), April 2018. In this position, Wordofa promoted UNFPA global programmes on sexual reproductive health and rights and represented the UN Secretary General at engagements with heads of government of member states and other partners advocating for action on the Sustainable Development Goals.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Wordofa returned to SOS Children’s Villages in 2021. He contested for the presidency of the organization and won. He is the first African and the 4th president of the organization’s over 70 years history as of the time of his election in June 2021.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Wordofa married Tigist Gedlu Hailemariam in January 1994. He has two daughters, Fikir Dereje and Selam Dereje.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Probiotic Probio DR10, is the consumer brand name for a probiotic strain developed by Fonterra Research Development Centre (FRDC), patented and commercialised in the 1990s following the screening of over 2,000 strains. Probio DR10 is also known under the name of the ingredient trade mark HN019*.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The strain involved is a lactic acid bacterium of Bifidobacterium lactis, originally isolated from yoghurt. The publication of complete genomic sequence in 2018 has enabled the implementation of strict measures to ensure the control of product quality, safety and purity of the B. lactis HN019 strain.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Probio DR10 strain is available in a range of finished formats, providing it with great potential to be applied across the food and beverage, dietary supplement, and pharmaceutical industries.Bifidobacterium lactis is found in Anmum Materna and Anmum Essential Gold in the Malaysian market.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Studies on Probio DR10 indicate positive effects on various aspects of the digestive system. These include:", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Probio DR10 demonstrated extensive immune-stimulating effects in animal models as well as healthy adult and elderly clinical studies. In a randomised controlled trial (RCT) conducted with children aged 1 to 3 years, it was found that the incidence of high fever and severe acute lower respiratory infections was reduced by 5% and 35% respectively, in children who received Probio DR10 along with a prebiotic, in comparison to those who were administered a placebo.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "A separate RCT also showed that the supplementation of Probio DR10 in children aged 2 to 5 years reduced the incidence of diarrhoea and fever by 16.1% and 12.7% respectively during the rainy season.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Probio DR10 may increase the population of beneficial gut microflora of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Probio DR10 has also been shown to help maintain a healthy/normal gut microbiota against the ageing process by competing with and excluding harmful pathogens, operating at both taxonomical and functional levels.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Probio DR10 helps maintain the integrity of the gut epithelium, which is a layer of cells lining the inner surface of the intestine. Probio DR10 also helps regulate the host immune defence against pathogens.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "A 2010 study also found that combining Probio DR10 with an oligosaccharide prebiotics results in a decrease in the incidence of dysentery.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Probio DR10 has demonstrated a positive effect on individuals suffering from constipation. A New Zealand study involving 100 adults with functional gastrointestinal symptoms showed that the supplementation of Probio DR10 for 2 weeks alleviated constipation by reducing the gut transit time.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Reductions in the frequency of other functional gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting, regurgitation, abdominal pain, nausea, gurgling, irregular bowel movements, diarrhoea and flatulence were also observed in the same study.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Probio DR10 may potentially divert colon fermentation towards the production of non-gaseous end products. This characteristic of Probio DR10 may support tolerance for the fermentation of oligosaccharides within the body, which aligns with clinical findings that Probio DR10 reduces the occurrence of flatulence.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The fermentation of Probio DR10 produces lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, indicating their potential involvement in the digestion of dietary elements, without distinguishing between their source, whether it be carbohydrates or proteins.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Studies have shown that not all probiotics are equally effective. The efficacy of probiotics is strain-specific. Therefore, the recommendations of probiotics should tie specific strains to the health benefits as shown in the human studies.", "title": "Benefits of Probio DR10TM~" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Probio DR10 demonstrates an excellent ability to adhere to epithelial cells, a strong capacity to endure and survive in a low pH environment, resistance to bile salts as well as the ability to modulate the immune response.", "title": "Mechanism of action" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Studies indicate that this strain acts on intercellular junctions, especially tight junctions. Tight junctions are situated in the most apical part of the cell and consist of two key proteins, claudin and occludin. These proteins play a crucial role in establishing the epithelial barrier, which acts as a safeguard against the entry of macromolecules, including lipids and proteins.", "title": "Mechanism of action" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "These junctions are vital for controlling the permeability of the epithelium. Any changes in their function can lead to increased inflammation, and subsequently, the development of diseases.", "title": "Mechanism of action" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "The presence of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in human food has been documented since 1980, but it was likely part of human diets before that.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "The China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA) has also approved the use of B. lactis in food for the general and paediatric population.", "title": "Safety" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "A 2018 study found that Probio DR10 is well-tolerated in adults and did not induce changes in physical activity, food intake, or body weight. Probio DR10 also has an established safety data in pregnant and lactating women as shown in studies.", "title": "Safety" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Natalie Campbell is a British social entrepreneur, broadcaster and campaigner based in London.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Campbell is the CEO of Belu Water and Chancellor of the University of Westminster.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Natalie Campbell was born in Hammersmith and grew up in Willesden Green and Hendon, north west London. She graduated from Lancaster University in 2006 with a business degree, before taking Masters in journalism from City University and in social entrepreneurship from Goldsmiths University.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "She has also undertaken post graduate Leadership studies at Harvard and served as a visiting lecturer in Entrepreneurship at Kingston University.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In November 2022, Campbell was announced as Chancellor of the University of Westminster.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Campbell is an award-winning social entrepreneur and the CEO of ethical water company Belu. Belu gives all its net profit to the charity WaterAid.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "She has worked as a broadcaster on talkRadio, served on the London Economic Action Partnership (LEAP), and as a Civil Service Commissioner.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Campbell was a board member of volunteering charity vInspired and Chair of the National Council for Voluntary Youth Services 2014-2016.", "title": "Voluntary and Public Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "She served as a board member of the UK Big Lottery Fund and was a founding director of The Royal Foundation.", "title": "Voluntary and Public Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Campbell applied to be the Conservative Party candidate for Mayor of London for the 2024 election. In October 2023, she announced she would be running as an Independent candidate.", "title": "Voluntary and Public Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In the 2020 Birthday Honours, Campbell was awarded an MBE \"for for services to social entrepreneurship and business\".", "title": "Awards" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Pro Golf Tour will be the 28th season of the Pro Golf Tour (formerly the EPD Tour), a third-tier tour recognised by the European Tour.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The following table lists official events during the 2024 season.", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2023 was the 6th edition of the Hoa hậu Hoàn vũ Việt Nam pageant, held at Tea Resort Prenn, Đà Lạt, Lâm Đồng, Vietnam on December 31, 2023.This was also the first Miss Cosmo Vietnam competition held by Công ty Cổ phần Hoàn vũ Sài Gòn (Unicorp) under the name Hoa hậu Hoàn vũ Việt Nam, before being granted to a new national license holder. Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2022 Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Châu from Tây Ninh will crown her successor at the end of the event. The new Miss Cosmo Vietnam will represent Vietnam at Hoa hậu Hoàn vũ Quốc tế 2024 - (English name: \"Miss Cosmo International 2024\") organized by UNI Media.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "§ – Voted into Top 16 by viewers.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Initially, there were 40 contestants who passed the real traffic challenge, but there were only 38 backup contestants left for the semi-finals tonight because some contestants withdrew from the competition before the semi-final night.", "title": "Contestants" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ashraf Amra is a Palestinian freelance photojournalist who has won multiple local and international awards for this photography. His images have been published in major news outlets including The New York Times, BBC and The Guardian.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Amra began his career in photojournalism in the early 2000s, when he was living in the Deir al-Balah area of the Gaza Strip. Amra claims he was given a camera by some older journalists so he could take pictures of incidents which took place near a checkpoint in the Deir al-Balah area.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Amra started working as a freelance photojournalist with many international newspapers. During this time, he won several local and international awards for his work.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2016, Amra came second place in the Top News category in the Andrei Stenin International Photo Contest, and was invited to Moscow to attend the award ceremony. This was the second year in a row that he came second place. However, Amra was unable to attend the award ceremony due to travel restrictions imposed on residents of the Gaza Strip by the Israeli authorities. This was also the second year in a row that Amra had been unable to attend the award ceremony. Amra blamed the Israelis for his inability to attend the award ceremony, as well as the Palestinian Journalists’ Syndicate for \"disunity\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On 15 September 2023, Amra was covering a Palestinian protest near the Gaza-Israel border in the Khan Yunis area. During the protest, Israeli forces used live ammunition, rubber bullets and tear gas, which resulted in the injury of 12 Palestinians, including Amra, who received a severe hand injury. Amra was taken to Turkey for treatment by the Anadolu news agency, for whom Amra was working at the time.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "During the 2023 Israel-Hamas War, Amra wrote a series of articles for Al Jazeera, which documented the hardships experienced by Palestinian civilians in Gaza.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "OXI or Oxi may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gia Ionesco is a Romanian-born keyboardist, composer, and bandleader, known for his contributions to the genres of jazz, avant-garde, jazz fusion, progressive rock, and third stream music.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Gia Ionesco was born in Bucharest, Romania. He comes from a family of distinguished scientists: his father, a Ph.D. member of the Romanian Academy of Sciences, and his mother, a nuclear physicist.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His high school band, Pegasus, participated in major Romanian jazz and rock festivals. Later, his involvement with the group Om led to collaborations with well-known Romanian musicians and participation in diverse musical projects, including movie music and a rock opera.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He attended the Graphic Arts & Music School No. 3, Berzei, in Bucharest, from 1972 to 1976, where he studied both music and graphic arts. From 1978 to 1986, he studied a master's degree in the Faculty of Hydraulic pumps and Turbines at the Politehnica University of Bucharest.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1985, he achieved Professional Accreditation as a Piano Solo Virtuoso, Category 1, from the Romanian Ministry of Education. From 1984 to 1988, he studied jazz piano, improvisation, and harmony under Professor Marius Popp, and classical piano and harmony with Professor Dan Mizrahi at the Popular Conservatory of Music in Bucharest.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1968–1990, he also studied advanced classical piano, musical composition with Professor Anca Stephanesco, later at Brussel Conservatory of Music. From 1970 to 1996, Ionesco worked with composition, forms, harmony, counterpoint, orchestration, and arrangement under the guidance of Professor Richard Bartzer at The Bartzer Consort in Bucharest. Additionally, between 1985 and 1989, he studied in Electro-Acoustics and Musical Recordings at TVR under the leadership of Fromi Moreno, a composer, producer, and sound engineer.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "From 1990 to 1993, he was a student at the Rubin Academy of Music in Jerusalem, Israel, where he studied under the legendary Viaceslav Ganelin focusing on advanced piano, and with Nachum Perifercovich and Peter Wertheimer on forms, composition, arrangement, and contemporary improvisation. In 2003, he participated in a Postgraduate Seminar in Musical Composition led by Chick Armando Corea in Massachusetts, US.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Studying in Politehnica University of Bucharest, Gia Ionesco remained active musically, composing and performing for weekly live TV The Seven P.M. Show. He also organized concerts and festivals and performed on radio and television broadcasts. In 1984–1985 he collaborated to the soundtrack of the films The Cell and Another Universe, TV series produced and directed by Constantin Chelba for RTV Studios. In 1986, he records The Snow Man, a show produced by Lidia Oprea for RTV.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 1989, Ionesco worked as production coordinator and columnist for the music section of the Romanian Observer. He obtained the only existing newspaper interview with the famous conductor Sergiu Celibidache.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "At the start of the 1990s, He performed with noted saxophonist Peter Wertheimer and then formed the popular fusion group Changes, featuring famed drummer Asaf Sirkis and bassist Gabriel Meir. They performed at major jazz festivals in Israel and released three successful albums for the Jazzis label, Changes One, Changes Two and Super Changes, produced by Adam Baruch. Ionesco composed, arranged, performed, co-produced and engineered most of the material on those discs.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In 1992, Gia immigrated to Canada. After teaching at some of Toronto's premier music schools, New Conservatory of Music, Cosmo Music School, Ionesco started Gia's Music School Inc., in Richmond Hill in 1999. The school still operates, enjoying a sterling reputation. In 2006, he wrote a book for children, Gia's Kids: A New Approach to Piano Playing and an easy-to-use notebook for music students.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "At the period, Gia Ionesco produced a range of albums, including \"After Was Before\" (1999), \"Excerpts From Three Worlds\" (2001), \"Quizzarre Pictorials\" (2005), \"Debate\" (2008), and \"Piano Of Love\" (2010), released on his label Terrace Update. His work, particularly noted in \"After Was Before,\" blends various influences like rock, jazz, classical, and traditional Romanian music, highlighting his eclectic style.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In 2010, Gia Ionesco established the ensemble Gia and the Unpredictable Update. That year, they released two albums: \"Metamorph Math\" and \"The Purpose and Some Recalls.\"", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In 2010, Ionesco contributed to the soundtrack of \"The Kennedys\" TV series, making his first global TV appearance in May 2011.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "At the same year, Gia and the Unpredictable Update recorded a live performance at The Richmond Hill Centre for the Performing Arts, later released as the album \"Anatomical Signatures\" in 2012. A smaller, trio version of the group, featuring Ionesco, Wilson Laurencin, and Pat Kilbride, also performed and released the album \"The Son of Anatomical Signatures\" in 2012, recorded live at Toronto's Gate 403.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Gia and the Unpredictable Update performed at several renowned venues in Toronto, including Hugh's Room, The Old Mill, Palais Royale, The Rex, and The Painted Lady. The ensemble also performed at the Toronto Jazz Festival in 2011 and released the compilation album \"Variable Victors\" in 2012. They celebrated the Chinese New Year at the Living Arts Centre of Mississauga in February 2012. In July 2012, Ionesco also worked with his inspiration and mentor, Chick Corea, at Tanglewood, Massachusetts.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "In May 2013, Gia Ionesco and his ensemble, Gia and the Unpredictable Update, performed at the Shanghai Spring International Music Festival. The group also conducted a tour, playing in four Chinese cities.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "In 2013, they released \"Stratagem,\" a compilation album from their earlier works. The ensemble returned to China in September 2014 to perform at the Hong Kong Jazz Festival and other venues in cities like Beijing and Guangzhou. Additionally, Ionesco's biography were featured in an interview and documentary on Romania TV International's show \"Lumea si noi\" (The World and Us).", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Also, Ionesco worked on a project with Gia & The Superstars, recording at Kaleidoscope Sound studio in Union City, New Jersey. This ensemble prepared for the release of \"Stunt Rules\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "In September 2015, Ionesco, alongside renowned drummer Virgil Donati and bass player Pat Kilbride, performed at Adelaide Hall in Toronto. This performance was recorded and released as the album \"Incentrance\" in November 2016.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "In 2016, Gia Ionesco signed with AMG/UNIVERSAL MUSIC GROUP INTERNATIONAL, becoming the first musician born in Romania to achieve this milestone.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "In December 2016, Ionesco's ensemble, Gia & The Unpredictable Update, released a new live recording album, \"The Voyage of Uncle Clue,\" featuring a diverse lineup of musicians. Additionally, by the end of December 2016, they released another live album, \"Far Forward,\" recorded at Hugh's Room in Toronto.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "In 2016, Gia Ionesco collaborated with John Beetle Bailey, a producer and sound engineer, and Mark S. Berry, a movie and TV producer and promoter.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "In 2023, Ionesco had appearances on Canadian TV and radio stations, including a feature on the show \"Jazz Gone Wild\" with Jaymz Bee on Jazz FM 91.1. At the same year, Gia Ionesco signed with AMG/Sony INTERNATIONAL in the US and secured European representation through KOBALT RECORDS in Germany.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Gia Ionesco appearance on radio shows across various countries including France, Italy, Germany, the UK, the US, Romania, Thailand, and India.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Japan joined World War I in the first place just to get colonies out of it. During October 1914, the Japanese sent vessels to occupy German colonies in the Mariana, Marshall, Palau and Caroline Islands. These islands were later used for strategic advantage in World War II.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Japan joined the war since they were already in an alliance with the British Empire and wanted to gain more territories. Japan joined the war on August 23, 1914, and attacked German colonies in China on August 27.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "During World War I, Japan was in an alliance with Britain and decided to go to war with Germany. Japan started to besiege German possessions in China at first. Japan then sent the Imperial Japanese Navy out to the Pacific islands held by the Germans. The British however were annoyed by the Japanese aggression in the Pacific as they told them not to attack them.", "title": "Actions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Germany did not plan on defending the islands, since they did not think that they would be attacked. When the Japanese did so, there was only slight resistance by German officers, police and locals, which did not stop the Japanese invading the islands.", "title": "Actions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the Japanese had occupied the German islands, they were not faced with any rebellion of some sort.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Following the initial Japanese occupation of the islands, a policy of secrecy was adopted. Japan made it plain that it did not welcome the entry of foreign ships into Micronesian waters, even those of its wartime allies. This was known as the South Seas Mandate.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the predominant omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) found in the brain.It makes up over 90% of the omega-3 PUFAs in the brain and 10-20% of its total lipids.DHA is part of the structural components of the cell membrane in the brain as well as the retina; therefore, it has multiple functions in brain and eye health.The consumption of DHA (e.g. from fatty fish such as salmon, herring, mackerel and sardines) contributes to numerous physiological and behavioural benefits, including those on cognition.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "As the primary structural component of nerve cells in the brain, DHA's function is to aid in the passage of information through nerve cells and to allow optimal functioning of neural cell membrane proteins (such as receptors and enzymes).DHA also helps in the maintenance of normal neural functions and brain plasticity.Besides that, DHA is also involved in gene expression, neurotransmitter release, signal transduction, myelination, and neuron growth and differentiation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "DHA also helps the brain develop and performs cognitive tasks such as:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "• DHA builds up in brain regions linked to learning, including the hippocampus and cerebral cortex.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "• DHA also alters gene expression in the brain tissue that influences neurite outgrowth, which in turn promote learning.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "• Executive cognitive function such as focused attention are assumed to be attributed to DHA-rich frontal lobes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "• By promoting the synthesis of specific proteins that allow electrical signals in the brain, DHA enhances memory and learning.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The frontal lobe of the brain is especially sensitive to DHA intake during its development.The frontal lobe is responsible for performing higher-order cognitive functions, including sustained attention, planning, and problem solving, while the prefrontal lobe is responsible for social, emotional, and behavioural development.Hence, maintaining optimal DHA concentrations in these brain regions is critical during brain development and maturation, during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "• DHA is essential for the normal development and function of the retina.It is the major PUFA found in the retinal tissue and is part of the component structure of retinal cell membranes.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "• DHA is associated with its role in cardiovascular protection and lowering the risk of coronary artery disease. DHA supplementation has been shown to improve high-density lipoprotein (‘good cholesterol’), and lower total cholesterol as well as blood pressure levels.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "• DHA has shown potent anti-tumour activity in leukaemia, breast, endometrial, gastric, liver, prostate, and lung cancers via numerous mechanisms including triggering cancer cell death, inducing cellular stress, and inhibiting tumour angiogenesis and metastasis.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "• DHA possesses anti-inflammatory properties and its increased level in rheumatoid arthritis patients' diets may decrease pain and inflammation in their joints.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "• Omega-3 PUFAs such as DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are effective in the prevention and treatment of asthma and allergic diseases.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Optimal DHA level is important for brain development and maturation.Therefore, health experts have set daily recommendations for DHA intake in children.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The table below shows the daily DHA / DHA + EPA intake recommended by experts for children of different ages as per the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) recommendation:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Finding the right milk powder product is essential for their development. One of the examples - Anmum Essential Gold, it can help to meet the expert recommended DHA level for children aged 1 to 6 years old. Experts recommend DHA intake of 10-12 mg/day for children 12-24 months, 100-150 mg/day of DHA+EPA for children 2-4 years old and 150-200 mg/day of DHA+EPA for children 4-6 years old.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Check the label of your child’s milk powder today to know the DHA level your child is consuming if it meets the expert recommended DHA level.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Providing your child with optimal DHA level is important to facilitate learning, support IQ development and memory.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Teodor Vîrnav (1801 – 1868) was a Romanian writer and translator. Born in Moldavia, he settled in Bessarabia (presently in Moldova) after the 1812 partition of Moldavia at the end of the Russo-Turkish War.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Vîrnav was born in Florești, Moldavia in a family of a minor nobleman. He received education at home, including knowledge of Romanian and Greek languages. From 1818, he lived in Bessarabia. He briefly served in the court of the city of Khotyn as a \"writer in the Moldavian language\" (\"scriitor în limba moldovenească\"), and later became the head of a bureau.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1822, he acquired estates near Iași and Khotyn and resided in the village of Burlănești (now Edineț district). In 1840, he moved to the village of Pociumbeni, where he lived until the end of his life, engaging in agricultural activities.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Theodor Vîrnăv was the first Moldavian memoirist.", "title": "Creation" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He was the author of satirical works and lyrical poetry. Only the satire \"Greedy Neighbor\" has survived to the present day. He published in 1845 his autobiographical narrative \"The Story of My Life\". Folklorist A. Horovei, to whom the manuscript of this book came, published it in a separate edition in 1908. In the preface, he wrote that this work is \"one of the few documents that illuminate our life at the beginning of the last century.\"", "title": "Creation" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Lumières Award for Best International Co-Production (French: Prix Lumières de la meilleure coproduction internationale) is an award given to an international co-production financed by a French company and released in France in the previous year. It has been presented annually by the Académie des Lumières since 2020. It replaced the Lumières Award for Best French-Language Film that was awarded from 2003 to 2019 to a French-language film made outside France.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The award is given to a film co-produced with a French contribution of at least 30% percent. It was established by the Académie des Lumières to salute the international presence of France and of French producers who make cinema possible in all parts of the world.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the following lists, the titles and names with a blue background are the winners and recipients respectively; those not in bold are the nominees.", "title": "Winners and nominees" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VKB may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "WKM Gallery is a contemporary art gallery in Hong Kong.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "WKM Gallery opened in 2023 in Wong Chuk Hang, the Southside of Hong Kong. The gallery space is designed by CASE-REAL led by Japanese Architect Koichi Futatsumata. The inaugural exhibition \"Metamorphosis: Japan’s Evolving Society” was held on 24 November 2023 featured many works by Japanese artists Yuichi Hirako, Tatsuhito Horikoshi, Ei Kaneko, Takumi Kokubo, Akitsuna Komori, Hiroya Kurata, Tomona Matsukawa, Ryo Matsuoka, Minori Oga, Hiro Sugiyama, Ichi Tashiro and TIDE.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "VKK may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Siedel Rothorn, also known as Rothorn or Corno Rosso, is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, with an elevation of 3,289 metres (10,791 ft).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is located on the Swiss-Italian border, between the Piedmontese Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in Italy and Canton Valais in Switzerland.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Its Italian side is rocky and steep, containing the small Siedel glacier, whereas the Swiss side is party covered by the Gries glacier. The Siedel Rothorn lies between the Blinnenhorn (to the north) and the Bättelmatthorn (to the south), to which it is linked by ridges.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Although less famous than Ofenhorn or Basòdino, the Siedel Rothorn is taller, the second tallest peak of Val Formazza after the nearby Blinnenhorn. The peak can be climbed from Rifugio 3A or Rifugio Città di Busto.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 All Thailand Golf Tour will be the 26th season of the All Thailand Golf Tour (formerly the TPC Tour), one of the main professional golf tours in Thailand since it was formed in 1999.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The following table lists official events during the 2024 season.", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "James Gilmore Balmer (June 18, 1894 – December 8, 1968) was an American sports and entertainment executive from Pittsburgh who worked for the Harris chain of theaters. He was also the longtime general manager of the Harris-owned Pittsburgh Hornets of the American Hockey League and served as league president from 1961 to 1964.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Balmer began his career in 1909 as a secretary to John P. Harris and Harry Davis. In 1913, Balmer helped open the Garden Pier in Atlantic City, New Jersey. In 1917, he managed the Harry Davis Grand Opera Company at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia. Balmer joined the Stanley Company of America in 1925 after they purchased the Grand Theatre from Harris and Davis. In addition to managing the Grand, Balmer also opened and managed the Stanley and Enright theaters. After Warner Bros. acquired the Stanley Company, Balmer served as the district manager for their theaters in West Virginia. In 1934, Balmer rejoined Harris Amusement Company, which was rebuilding under Harris' son, John H. Harris.", "title": "Theater" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In addition to working with the Harris chain of theaters, Balmer also managed the Duquesne Gardens and the Pittsburgh Hornets hockey team. From 1961 to 1964, Balmer was president of the American Hockey League. In 1963, Balmer received the James C. Hendy Memorial Award, which is given annually to an executive who has made the most outstanding contribution to the AHL.", "title": "Hockey" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1917, Balmer married Grace Martin Cuddy of Pittsburgh. They had two sons and one daughter. One of their sons, James Balmer Jr., was a lead designer for Harley Earl and designer of the Xerox 914, the first commercially successful photocopier.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Balmer was a founding member of the Variety Club and was the charity's president from 1930 to 1932.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Balmer died of a heart attack on December 8, 1968, after delivering an address at the Pittsburgh Athletic Association.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kuber may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Republic of Maldives is a Saudi diplomatic mission located in the capital, Malé, and headed by the Ambassador of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, Mutrak bin Abdullah Al-Ajalin.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Embassy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Republic of Maldives is a Saudi diplomatic mission located in the capital, Malé, and headed by the Ambassador of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, Mutrak bin Abdullah Al-Ajalin.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Valmonte may refer to", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii, the blackspot porgy or Galápagos seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. This fish is endemic to the Galápagos Islands in the eastern Pacific Ocean.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii was first formally described as Sargus pourtalesii in 1881 by the Austrian ichthyologist Franz Steindachner with its type locality given as the Galápagos Islands. The genus Archosargus is placed in the family Sparidae within the order Spariformes by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World. Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparinae, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii has a specific name honouring the Swiss-born American marine biologist Louis François de Pourtalès who was a companion of Louis Agassiz on the Hassler's 1871-1872 voyage from Boston to San Francisco via the Strait of Magellan, it was on this voyage that the type was collected.", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii has an oval shaped, deep, laterally compressed body with a small blunt head, the dorsal and ventral profiles of the head being convex. It has moderately sized eyes, a small horizontal mouth and the preorbital bone overlaps the rear of the maxilla. The teeth at the front of the jaw are broad and flattened, the upper jaw has three rows of molar-like teeth at the sides. The margin of the preoperculum is smooth, with no serrations or spines. The dorsal fin is long and not high and is supported by 12 or 13 spines, the front spine points towards the front and may be embedded, and 9 or 10 soft rays. The [anal fin]] contains 3 spines, the second spine being very robust, and 9 or 10 soft rays. The pectoral fin is long, clearly greater in length than the pelvic fins. It is pale blue on the upper body and silvery on the lower body with 7 longitudinal gold stripes along the flanks and a black spot high on the flank above the pectoral fin. This species has a maximum published total length of 36.5 cm (14.4 in).", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii is found in the Eastern Pacific Ocean where it is endemic to the waters around the Galápagos Islands where it is found in shallow waters at depths between 1 and 30 m (3 ft 3 in and 98 ft 5 in) of sheltered bays and lagoons close to mangroves, as well as in sheltered areas of sand substrate.", "title": "Distribution and habitat" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii is an omnivore and has been recorded as eating seaweeds, seagrasses, benthic molluscs, benthic worms, benthic crustaceans and zooplankton.", "title": "Biology" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Archosargus pourtalesii is sometimes caught by nets set illegally by fishers, however, its flesh is not highly valued and does not get a high price in markets.", "title": "Fisheries" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cora Harrison is an Irish author. She writes critically acclaimed historical detective novels primarily based in Ireland, and has also written many books for children of all ages. Her mystery series include The Burren Mysteries set in 16th-century West Ireland; the Reverend Mother Mystery series set in the 1920s Cork during the Irish Civil War; the Gaslight series based on the real life friendship between Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins, acting as amateur detectives in 19th century London; and many others.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Harrison was born in Cobh, in County Cork. However, she grew up mostly in Cork, until she was 21. At the age of 7 she became sick, and had hardly visited school until she was 13. She had been bed-ridden for weeks at a time, and entertained herself by making up stories and drawing matching historical figures and clothes. She rarely wrote down these stories because of her bad hand writing and spelling.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She recovered at the age of 14 and returned to school. Her favorite subject was History, and yet, she chose to study German and French at University College Cork.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After she graduated, she moved to London, where she worked at the Linguaphone language school. She married Frank, bore two children, and moved to Kent, where she started teaching at a primary school as their children were growing up. She later became a Head teacher. She taught for 25 years.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the 1990s, the Harrisons retired to a cottage they bought in Kilfenora, in County Clare, which borders the The Burren. The cottage had 20 acres of land, including a river and an Iron Age Fort. They planned on setting up an Autarky farm there, but failed.", "title": "Career as an author" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Harrison has always liked mystery novels, but had never considered writing them herself. When she got infected with a Mrsa bacteria while visiting a hospital, she fell ill for months. She was weak and depressed, and suffered pains. Her son suggested that she write a book. This suggestion, combined with the fact that the nearby Cahermaughten Fort used to host an Early Irish law school at the 16th century, lead to her first book, My Lady Judge.", "title": "Career as an author" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Since then, she has written dozens of books, for various ages. Harrison also regularly visited Irish schools, giving readings from her books, with the purpose of encouraging children to write.", "title": "Career as an author" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In the Burren mysteries, the heroine is Mara, a judge acting under the Brehon law. The first book takes place in 1509, in The Burren, County Clare, Ireland, in Henry VIII's first year reigning as King.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The Burren series, while a murder mystery series, is set against the background of Irish Brehon law. Harrison saw Brehon law as less violent, or more just: \"very egalitarian\". Punishment was mostly through fines. England's invasion of Ireland replaced the Brehon law, which was a community law, with the laws of the English king. By comparison to capital punishment of the English king's law, its most severe punishment, given for the murder of a family member, was to be put to sea and left to drift on the tide in a boat with no oars.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The proximity of the ancient Brehon law school to her cottage in Ireland captured Harrison's imagination. The first draft of the first book was written with a male hero judge, but following her agent's advice, she converted the hero to the heroine Mara. These books were published mostly by Severn House, though the first was sold to Macmillan Books and the second to Minotaur Books.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Reverend Mother Mysteries series takes place in Cork during the Irish War of Independence in the 1920s. The heroine is a Catholic abbess. Asked 'Why did you choose a religious figure as the protagonist?', in an interview with Publishers Weekly, Harrison states that she: \"chose a woman of power, and a very highly respected person in the city.\" She describes the background setting of the series: \"Up to a decade or two previously, the Catholic church was subject to serious restrictions in Ireland, which were only completely lifted when Ireland attained complete freedom in the 1920s.\"", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The result of this persecution was that \"religious figures who had suffered, and even died for their faith, were held in very high esteem in the Ireland of the 1920s, and they had a very strong influence, especially amongst the working class.\"", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Harrison adds, \"The problem, I’ve always felt, with Agatha Christie’s Miss Marple lies in her credibility, in the respect which is accorded to her opinions. That would not have been the case with the Reverend Mother.\"", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The Gaslight mysteries take place in 19th century London, with Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins as the amateur detectives.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The Jane Austen historical series, published by Pan Macmillan UK in 2010, is intended for girls.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The Debutante series takes place in London, 1920s.", "title": "Works" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Prior to writing adult novels, Harrison wrote many children's novels, the most important of which was the Drumshee chronicles and Drumshea Timeline series. She also wrote the London Mysteries, and the Wolfcub series. She also wrote single books: Gorgeous, Two mad dogs, The cardinal's court, and False accusations.", "title": "Works" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of local government area results for the 2022 Tasmanian local elections.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Killer Book Club (Spanish: El club de los lectores criminales) is a 2023 Spanish slasher film directed by Carlos Alonso from a screenplay by Carlos García Miranda based on the novel by García Miranda which stars Veki Velilla.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After the accidental killing of a lecturer, a group of college students keen on horror fiction film and literature agree on a pact of silence, but a masked killer clown takes them down one by one.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The script is based on the book El club de los lectores criminales by Carlos García Miranda. The film is a Brutal Media production. It was scored by Arnau Bataller. While the novel takes place in the Complutense University of Madrid, the film avoids any explicit mention to the setting, with footage otherwise shot in Toledo, in between the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences of the University of Castilla-La Mancha and the Hospital de Tavera.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film was released on Netflix on 25 August 2023.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "According to the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, Killer Book Club has a 8% approval rating based on 12 reviews from critics, with an average rating of 4.2/10.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "John Serba of Decider.com gave the film a negative recommendation, deeming it to be \"just another brutal mediocrity among many\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "David Lorao of HobbyConsolas rated the film with 62 points ('acceptable') writing that it is an \"interesting Spanish slasher film that has a magnetic premise, but that fizzles out as its short running time progresses until it reaches an ending without much emotion\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Matt Donato of Bloody Disgusting lamented that \"the story behind Killer Book Club feels more like an inorganic vanity project to see how close the production can replicate Scream without copyright infringement\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Chase Hutchinson of Collider gave the film a C- rating pointing out that it \"relies on recycled tropes and contrivances of the genre, feeling most like a ripoff of Scream\".", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Antoine Hippolyte Trilhac (known as Hippolyte Triat; 14 October 1812 – 11 January 1881), was a French strongman and entrepreneur, one of the founding fathers of modern physical culture and fitness centers.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Hippolyte Triat was born Antoine Hippolyte Trilhac on 14 October 1812 to Marguerite Bailesse and Félix Trilhac in Saint-Chaptes in the Gard. Félix was aged 50 when his child was born and he worked as a gardener for Marie Anne Aubin de Bellevue, widow of François Paul de Brueys d'Aigalliers. Triat was the youngest of a large family; he lost his parents at the age of four, and was subsequently raised by his older sister in Nîmes. At six, he was kidnapped by vagabonds, then sold to a troupe of Italian acrobats in Nice. He stayed with them for seven years, traveling to Italy, Austria, before settling in Spain. Triat became a mascot, was dressed as a girl, and worked as a rope dancer in the troupe under the name of young Isela. In 1825, the troupe disbanded, and he remained a Spaniard named Consuelo, and formed with the man and two of his sons, a weightlifting and physique posing group called \"Les Alcides\". Triat became popular in Spain and was known by the nickname of \"L'Enfant\" (The Child). While on tour in Burgos in 1828, his left leg was broken by a horse's hooves when he tried to stop it from eloping. The accident forced him to remain in Burgos for a long time. He was taken in by Mme Montsento, a lady-patroness from Burgos, who cared for and educated him. The wealthy benefactor paid his education tuition at the Jesuit college of Burgos where he remained until he was 22. During this time he learned French and Spanish, and read classical and renaissance gymnastics and physical education literature volumes in the school library. Among these books were the works of Girolamo Mercuriale, d’Andry, and Chevalier Capriani. While persisting in his physical exercises and instructing a few followers, Triat engaged in the formulation and organization of ideas that would eventually shape his physical education methods.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1834, he set up an itinerant sports show and pioneered a novel performance featuring physique posing, closely resembling the one subsequently used by Eugen Sandow. His acts were met with success in Spain and England, and took him as far as Brussels, where he opened his first gymnasium at 7 Rue de Ligne in 1840; the gym was successful among the Belgian fashionable elite and operated until 1849. Hippolyte moved to Paris around 1846, and joined forces with Nicolas Dally (1795–1862) to found a joint-stock company with the aim of opening a large gymnasium on the Allée des Veuves, the future Avenue Montaigne. This 40 m × 21 m (131 ft × 69 ft) space became known as the \"Gymnase Triat\", changing location several times. In 1848, Triat and Dally wrote a letter to the Provisional Government calling for the creation of a Ministry of Physical Education. In 1855, Due to the maintenance demands of the existing premises, Triat relocated his operations across the street to number 36. Despite its smaller size, the new gymnasium was known for its remarkable beauty.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Triat saw himself as a \"gymnasiarch\", a hygienic sports educator with orthopedic aims. His pupils and clients included aristocrats and members of the Parisian haute bourgeoisie. Among them were Prince Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, novelist Paul Féval, authors Jules Vallès and Eugène Paz. At the end of the 1860s, having earned up to 400,000 francs in revenue, he set his sights on building a huge sports complex on the Île Saint-Germain, a \"gymnastics school\", the plans for which were drawn up by Théodore Charpentier's son. The Franco-Prussian war compromised the project. Triat, reclusive in Paris at the time of the Paris Commune, was appointed by Jules Allix, a communard, to lead a battalion of gymnasts. Triat became further implicated when he permitted his gymnasium to be used for meetings. Denounced, Triat was imprisoned by the National Assembly loyalists, then released in July 1871. The Triat gymnasium still existed in 1872, advertising its new hydrotherapy-based treatments.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1873, Triat moved gym to a final, smaller space at 22 Rue du Bouloi. He participated in the 1878 Universal Exhibition where he presented a scale model of his gymnasium, which closed the following year. Relatively forgotten, Triat, who left a widow named Marie-Françoise-Cornélie Pasquet, died at 22 Rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau in Paris on 11 January 1881: Jules Allix paid tribute to him and allowed his remains to be buried in his family's tomb in the Montmartre Cemetery.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "According to French physical culturist and academic Edmond Desbonnet, Triat measured 1.79 m (5.9 ft) tall in 1854, and weighed 95 kg (209 lb). He was capable of lifting a 91 kg (201 lb) dumbbell. In his Parisian gymnasium, he played master of ceremonies and trained athletes collectively in various strength disciplines, which the public could watch: \"Triat, doing away with complicated apparatus, invented his parquet method, where the pupil, with a pair of 6-pound dumbbells, a 12-pound bar and a few clubs, acquires good muscularity before tackling suspension exercises, climbing, jumps, etc.\"", "title": "Appearance and legacy" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Triat is credited with opening the first commercial gymnasium in Belgium. He is featured in a number of paintings; Ernest Hébert's painting, Esclave près d'un tombeau dans la campagne romaine (1841 [?], Musée Hébert) is said to have been inspired by the athlete; another, showing him in mid-body carrying a club, identifies him as \"Gymnasiarch, Grand Master founder of the Order of the Regeneration of Man\". He is also featured on a medallion portrait engraved by Maurice Borrel (Salon of 1855), and an enamel portrait (Salon of 1878) by Thérèse-Mirza Allix. In weightlifting, it was customary to call certain weights \"Triat dumbbells\".", "title": "Appearance and legacy" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Media related to Hippolyte Triat at Wikimedia Commons", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Olivia Arévalo Lomas (February 1937 – 19 April 2018) was a Peruvian Onanya of Shipibo-Conibo Indigenous people of Ucayali region, a Ayahuasca plant medicine healer, and environmental and cultural rights activist. She advocated “for the recognition of indigenous communities' rights and the preservation of their ancestral territories.” She was also being \"considered a wealth of knowledge about Amazonian plants and native traditions.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Olivia Arévalo Lomas was born in February 1937 in the village of Victoria Gracia in Peru's central Amazon region of Ucayali. Between 2009 and 2011, Arévalo worked at the Temple of the Path of Light, a traditional medicine center, Peru.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She briefly appeared in the films directed by Jan Kounen that made her known to outside of Peru. These films are Other Worlds (2005) and 8 (2008). She also sang sacred songs. She is featured on the Resurrector produced album Onáyabaon Bewá – Messages from Mother Earth, as part of Liberation Movement, a music and art collective founded in 2010 in San Francisco.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Arévalo was murdered on 19 April 2018 near her home, Coronel Portillo Province, Ucayalí, Peru. She was “shot twice in her chest” allegedly by Sebastian Woodroffe, a native of Vancouver Island, Canada, who was later killed by a group of local communities. Woodroffe is believed to have travelled to Peru to study hallucinogenic medicine to treat drug addictions so he could become a counselor for drug addicts. He lived in the region and was believed to be one of Arévalo's patients at the Temple of the Path of Light.", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mr Loverman is an upcoming television series starring Lennie James based on the novel of the same name by Bernadine Evaristo.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Antiguan-born Londoner Barrington Jedidiah Walker (James) has his marriage collapse after a decades-long affair with his male best friend is revealed.", "title": "Synopsis" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In June 2023, it was announced that Lennie James was to star and executive produce the eight-part series Mr Loverman for BBC One, based on the novel of the same name by Bernadine Evaristo. It is adapted by Nathaniel Price and the director is Hong Khaou.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Filming got underway in October 2023. Filming locations included Queen's Park, London.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The series is expected to be broadcast in the UK in 2024.", "title": "Broadcast" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hermann Norden FRGS (1871–1931) was a travel writer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and the American Geographical Society.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His book \"White and Black in East Africa\" was criticised in African Affairs as \"of a surface nature... marred by many inaccuracies, exaggerations and statements which are both sweeping and incorrect.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "His book \"Byways of the Tropic Seas: Wanderings Among the Solomons and in the Malay Archipelago\" was criticised in Nature as superficial and inaccurate.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "For his book \"Africa's Last Empire\", he met Ras Tafari (Haile Selassi).", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gladys Agness Newton born Gladys Agness Miller (March 6, 1901 – November 24, 1988) was an Australian community worker. She started the Slow Learning Children's Group which became the Activ Foundation and in 2023 it had over 2,000 employees.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Newton was born in 1901 in Paddington near Kalgoorlie. Her parents were Mabel Lucy (born Addicott) and Robert Henry Miller. Her father ran a shop. She left Kalgoorlie aged sixteen and she became a stenographer in Perth.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1948 she and her husband Arthur took their child from the school where he was being bullied. They enrolled him in a small class organised by the University of Western Australia's psychology department. Her son had his education there with other children who also had intellectual disabilities.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "She called a meeting in 1951 that was attended by parents, like herself, of children with intellectual disabilities and from that meeting the Slow Learning Children's Group of Western Australia was formed. Gertrude Ruston became the group's president and served until 1954. Newton was the group's organising secretary. The group's core value was that their children were Australian citizens and the state had a duty of care. They believed that their children did not require mainstream schools but facilities where they could be trained. They wanted to see workshops and segregated schools for their children and, when they became adults, then again separate establishments.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Newton died in 1988 in Subiaco. In 1989 \"Our children: a history of the Slow Learning Children's Group of WA, 1951–1988\" was published written by Heather Hunt. The Slow Learning Children's Group became the Activ Foundation and it had over 2,000 employees in 2023. In 1967 her work was recognised during a debate at the Western Australian parliament.", "title": "Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "William Joseph Squires (born 29 April 2004) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for National League North club Southport, on loan from EFL League One club Blackpool.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Squires signed his first professional contract with Blackpool in May 2022, a one-year deal with the option for a further 12 months; Academy director Ciaran Donnelly said that Squires \"has an ultra-professional approach to everything he does\". A youth-team player with Blackpool from the age of nine, he had been a part of the under-19 team that reached quarter-finals of the FA Youth Cup and won the Lancashire FA Professional Youth Cup, making 44 appearances in the 2021–22 campaign. He was loaned out to Bamber Bridge in the Northern Premier League Premier Division, before being recalled on 7 October 2023. He made his first-team debut for Blackpool at Bloomfield Road on 10 October 2023, in a 5–2 win over Liverpool U21 in the group stage of the EFL Trophy. On 15 December 2023, he joined National League North club Southport on a one-month loan.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Miriam Maa is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Malathy Narayan. The film stars Rekha, Ezhil Durai and Ashiq Hussain in the lead roles. The film was released theatrically on 22 December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The first look poster of the film was released in June 2023, with the makers announcing that the film would narrate the story of a 50-year-old who undergoes IVF treatment to get pregnant. Rekha Harris was cast in the lead role, with debutant director Malathy Narayan also appearing in the film as an actress. The shoot of the film took place throughout late 2023, and was majorly shot in Korukkupet.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The film had a theatrical release on 22 December 2023 across Tamil Nadu. A critic from Times of India gave the film a middling review noting it was \"a well-intentioned if not well-made movie with its heart in the right place\". A reviewer from Dina Thanthi also gave the film a positive review, praising Rekha's performance.", "title": "Release and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Santa Terezinha or Santa Terezinha I is a neighborhood in the Brazilian municipality of Coronel Fabriciano, in the interior of the state of Minas Gerais. It is located in the Senador Melo Viana district, in Sector 1. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), its population in 2010 was 1 712 inhabitants (2.0% of the municipality's total), distributed over an area of 0.3 km².", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The neighborhood was created in the 1960s after the area, which belonged to former Mayor Rubem Siqueira Maia, was allotted. At the end of the 1980s, the Church of Saint Theresa was built and became one of the main venues for activities and events for the population.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the middle of the 19th century, there was a small port at the mouth of the Caladão Stream, where goods and people were shipped to neighboring settlements via the Piracicaba River. At the end of the 1910s, when the Vitória-Minas Railway (EFVM) and the Calado Station were built, the population grew as workers settled in the area, forming the current central zone of Coronel Fabriciano.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The area where the Santa Terezinha neighborhood is located, as well as the neighboring Santa Terezinha II and the region encompassed by the Aldeia do Lago and Mangueiras districts, belonged to the doctor Rubem Siqueira Maia, who was the first mayor of Coronel Fabriciano. The land was part of the Santa Terezinha Farm, named by Rubem and his daughter-in-law, Idalina Winter, after the saint of the same name. The site was allotted in 1964 by Imobiliária Santa Terezinha, owned by the Maia family, giving rise to the neighborhoods.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the 1980s, after the urban center had been consolidated, discussions began in favor of building a chapel. A plot of land was provided by the City Hall and the Church of Saint Theresa was built in 1988, through the donations and collective actions. The then parish priest, Father Élio Ataíde, donated the chairs for the church, which underwent renovations two decades later and was reopened in 2014.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Santa Terezinha neighborhood has a total area of 0.1 km² and is bordered by Bom Jesus (to the north), Santa Helena (to the west), Caladinho, Aparecida do Norte (to the east) and Santa Terezinha II and the municipality of Timóteo (to the south). It covers the area where the Caladão Stream flows into the Piracicaba River. Although the neighborhood is bordered by the creek, flooding is not frequent in this stretch, as the accumulated water drains into the Piracicaba. There are trees on Julita Pires Bretas Avenue, which divides the Santa Terezinha and Santa Helena neighborhoods. In the upper part, landslides occasionally occur in areas on the edge of slopes.", "title": "Geography and demography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2010, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) estimated that 887 inhabitants lived in the neighborhood, which is comparable to cities in Minas Gerais such as São Sebastião do Rio Preto and Paiva. Among the 63 neighborhoods in Fabriciano, Santa Terezinha ranked ranked 21th in terms of population, comprising 2.0% of the municipal population and 3.7% of the population of the Senador Melo Viana district, with a population density of 5,316.77 inhabitants per square kilometer. Of the total number of inhabitants, 809 were men (47.2% of the total) and 903 women (52.8%), distributed in 560 households. The Church of Saint Theresa is the headquarters of the Community of Santa Terezinha, whose Catholic pastoral work is subordinate to the Parish of Saint Sebastian, under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Itabira-Fabriciano.", "title": "Geography and demography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The water supply service is provided by Companhia de Saneamento de Minas Gerais (Copasa), while the electricity supply is the responsibility of Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (Cemig), with 100% of the population having access to the electricity network. There are schools and health facilities in the surrounding neighborhoods and in the central area of the city. No buses pass through the neighborhood, except on Rubem Siqueira Maia and Julita Pires Bretas avenues.", "title": "Infrastructure and leisure" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The Church of Saint Theresa is one of the main buildings in the Santa Terezinha neighborhood. The Catholic community occasionally organizes leisure activities for the population, including typical food stalls and musical shows, as well as providing space for campaigns and events. The Feast of Saint Theresa, celebrated annually in October with processions, masses and special celebrations and a novena in honor of the community's patron saint, as well as concerts, is notable. The singing duo Leslie and Laurie, who performed for the first time in the church choir in 2008, stood out in musical performances around the city. In 2016, they were finalists in the first season of the Brazilian edition of The Voice Kids, a talent show promoted by Rede Globo.", "title": "Infrastructure and leisure" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The Paulo Paulino Ribeiro Pitch, located next to the church, was restructured by the City Hall in 2008. It is named after a resident who developed social and sports work in the residential area and created the Náscoli, a local amateur soccer team. A 9 meter high image of the Divine Mercy was installed in the highest part of the neighborhood. The statue, installed by the Parish of Saint Sebastian in 2013, can be observed from different parts of downtown Fabriciano.", "title": "Infrastructure and leisure" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "B. Lalchhanzova is an Indian politician from Mizoram, who is currently the Minister of State for Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department and Land Revenue & Settlement Department for the Government of Mizoram.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was elected to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly for the Aizawl East 2 Assembly constituencyin the 2023 general election as a candidate for the Zoram People's Movement. He is also the founder Director of Cod-Nerc, an NGO established in 1992 working on sustainable development.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "B. Lalchhanzova completed his Post Graduate in Master of Arts (Social Works), Mizoram University in 2005.", "title": "Education" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Unnaithan Thambi (transl. You only, brother) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language film directed and co-edited by R. Vittal, and written by Panchu Arunachalam. The film stars Jaishankar and Jayachitra. It was released on 30 August 1974. The film's storyline was later adapted for Raja Chinna Roja (1989), also written by Arunachalam.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jaishankar is the caretaker in a household managed by Ashokan. After Ashokan loses his vision, Jaishankar manages things in the household, and exposes the treachery of Ashokan's brother-in-law.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The film has several dialogues which Sridhar Swaminathan, writing for Hindu Tamil Thisai, feels were in support of M. G. Ramachandran.", "title": "Themes" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The music was composed by Vijaya Bhaskar, with lyrics by Kannadasan.", "title": "Soundtrack" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Unnaithan Thambi was released on 30 August 1974. Kanthan of Kalki wrote .", "title": "Release and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Sudair PV IPP is a solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant located in Sudair Industrial City, Saudi Arabia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Sudair Solar PV Project, a substantial solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant, is in the final stages of commissioning in Sudair Industrial City, Saudi Arabia. This initiative is a key component of the Public Investment Fund (PIF)'s renewable energy program, aimed at achieving 70% of Saudi Arabia’s renewable energy by 2030 as outlined in Saudi Vision 2030. Furthermore, the project aligns with the Saudi Green Initiative, a comprehensive effort to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and foster a circular carbon economy.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Sudair Solar PV Project boasts a robust capacity of 1,500 MW, with the ability to supply power to approximately 185,000 households . The undertaking involves a substantial investment of SAR 3.4 billion ($924 million) and forms part of Saudi Arabia’s broader renewable energy strategy, targeting 58.7 GW of clean energy by 2030.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "This project incorporates bi-facial solar panels with single-axis tracking technology, optimizing sun absorption and enhancing overall system efficiency. Encompassing an area of 30.8 square kilometers, the project comprises 4.5 million solar modules.", "title": "Technology" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Forecasts suggest that the Sudair Solar PV Project will annually offset an estimated 2.9 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions, making a substantial contribution to environmental sustainability. In addition, the initiative is expected to generate employment opportunities, with 1,200 jobs during the construction phase and 120 permanent jobs during operation.", "title": "Impact" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Led by a consortium comprising ACWA Power, Water and Electricity Holding Company (Badeel), and Saudi Aramco Power Company, the project was awarded in January 2021, construction of the project completed and commissioned partially in 2023 and is slated for full completion by 2024 .", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dominique Devenport (born Januray 1 1996) is Swiss-American actress who best known as Empress Sissi in 2021 RLF TV Series Sisi", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 A-League Men match between Melbourne City and Brisbane Roar at AAMI Park, Melbourne, took place on Thursday, 28 December 2023. Melbourne City won 8–1, which is the joint biggest win in the history of the competition, matching the record set by Adelaide United when they beat North Queensland Fury 8–1 and Newcastle Jets 7–0, and matching their own record when they beat Melbourne Victory 7–0.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Going into round 10 of 27 of the 2023–24 A-League season, Melbourne City were 7th in the ladder, one point behind Adelaide United. Since the appointment of Aurelio Vidmar at the start of November, City had lost just one game, and were on a 4-match unbeaten streak, their latest result being a 0–0 against cross-city rivals Melbourne Victory. Brisbane Roar lost their head coach Ross Aloisi, following his appointment at Chinese club Shanghai Port. Luciano Trani was promoted to caretaker manager ahead of the match. Brisbane Roar were fifth on the ladder, one point ahead of Adelaide United, though slipping down the table following back-to-back losses to Western United and Central Coast Mariners.", "title": "Background" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Brothers Grimm Poetics Professorship is a visiting professorship established within the University of Kassel since the summer semester of 1985.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Bhavnagar Terminus - Haridwar Express is a weekly Express connects between Bhavnagar Terminus in Gujarat and Haridwar in Uttarakhand. It operates by the Western Railway zone with 19271/19272 numbers.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It has an average speed of 50 km/h as 19271/Bhavnagar Terminus–Haridwar Weekly Express and covers 1574 km in 31h 20m and with averages speed of 50 km/h as 19272/Haridwar–Bhavnagar Terminus Weekly Express and covers 1574 km in 31h 25m.", "title": "Service" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The importance Halts of the train are :", "title": "Routes and Halts" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The train will reverse from :", "title": "Rake Reversal" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Trains from Bhavnagar Terminus :", "title": "See also" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Trains from Haridwar Junction :", "title": "See also" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "a. Runs one day in a week for every direction", "title": "Notes" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The New National Party (German: Neue Nationale Partei), short-form: NNP, was a minor political party in Germany based in Berlin.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The NNP was founded on 23. October 2014 in Berlin. The party no longer showed activity after 2016 and was taken from lists of the Federal Returning Officer in late 2021.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In its party program, the NNP started that Germany is a multi-ethnic state and that the party seeks to reclaim the term \"nation\" from right-wingers through a civic and global understanding of nationhood. It seeked to make immigration as easy as possible while recognizing every peaceful citizen, regardless of ethnicity, religion, or ancestry; as a welcome addition to the nation. As an end goal in that regard, the party stated that it wished to create a global community where national borders take on no more than ceremonial character, similar to borders in federal systems, which anyone can cross at any time without even noticing it.", "title": "Ideology" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The party defined itself as social and liberal as well as positioning itself in favour of the social market economy while also advocating for strong regulations and state intervention in the economy.", "title": "Ideology" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In a 2016 Facebook post, the party took a opposing stance to the gender star.", "title": "Ideology" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Edward George Broadrick (29 July 1864 – July 1929) was a British colonial administrator who served in British Malaya.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Broadrick was born on 29 July 1864 in Plymouth, and was educated at Sherborne School.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Broadrick began his career in the civil service as a clerk in the H.M.Office of Works. In 1887, he was appointed cadet in the Straits Settlements, and after passing the civil service examination in 1889 was appointed acting District Officer at Nibong Tebal. In 1895, he was acting Second Magistrate, Penang, combining the role with that of Second Protector of Immigrants, and two years later he was appointed District Officer, Dindings.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 1897 to 1902, he served in Malacca as the officer in charge of the Treasury, as Municipal Commissioner, and Collector of Land Revenue followed by two years as Senior District Officer, Province Wellesley. In 1904, he went to Singapore where he became President of the Municipal Commission, and Colonial Treasurer, before being appointed Postmaster General, Assistant Colonial Secretary and First Magistrate.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1911, he left Singapore for Selangor where he was appointed acting Secretary to the British Resident. The same year he served as acting British Resident before he was promoted to British Resident, Selangor, in 1912, occupying the position until his retirement in 1919.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Broadrick came from a traditional military family. His father was a colonel in the Royal Artillery, and his great-grandfather commanded the Royal Engineers in the Peninsula War. He continued the tradition by joining the Singapore Volunteer Rifles in 1888, and rose up the ranks becoming Lieut. Colonel and first-in-command in 1906. He was a keen cricketer and President of the Selangor Cricket Club.", "title": "Personal life and death" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1896, he married Edith Carey. He retired in 1919, and died in London in July 1926, aged 65. Broadrick Road in Kuala Lumpur was named after him.", "title": "Personal life and death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vivesini (English: Thinker) is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Bhavan Rajagopalan. The film stars Nassar, Kavya and Suraj in the lead roles. The film was released theatrically on 15 December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bhavan Rajagopalan began work on Vivesini in November 2019, with production eventually completed in 2021 owing to delays related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nassar was the only senior actor cast in the film, with rookie actors Kavya and Mekha Rajan also selected for pivotal roles.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Prior to the release of the film, it was showcased at screenings in the UK during January and July 2023.", "title": "Release and reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film had a theatrical release on 15 December 2023 across Tamil Nadu. A critic from ABP News gave the film a positive review and predicted that it would have a good run on a streaming platform. A reviewer from Maalaimalar praised the plot of the film.", "title": "Release and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Špunti na cestě is a 2022 Czech comedy and family series. The series was directed by Jiří Chlumský while script was written by Marcel Bystroň and Petr Hudský. The series is a sequel of a film River Rascals, which was seen in cinemas by almost half a million viewers. Jiří Langmajer, Pavel Liška, Tatiana Dyková, Anna Polívková or Jana Kvantiková reprized their roles from the series, Miroslav Donutil, Pavla Gajdošíková, or David Novotný appeared in the series.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The thirteen-part series premiered on 7 January 2022 on ČT1.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The series tells the story of the Veselý family, who go on vacation. However, instead of the originally planned trip to the sea, they find themselves in a modified residential bus. During the holidays, they experience many moments together that gradually bring the disparate family together.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Cast" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "Episodes" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rachael Annie Cox-Davies (1862 – 1944) was a British nurse and founding member of the Royal College of Nursing.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She was born in Llangenny on 4 September 1862, the fourth of five children of attorney Edward Cox Davies and his wife Charlotte, née Homfray.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Educated at the Anglican St Stephen's College, Clewer, she trained as a nurse at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, from 1893 to 1896, where she remained a nurse until she travelled to South Africa in 1899 to nurse in the Boer War. She then served as matron of the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital and the New Hospital for Women in Soho.", "title": "Nursing career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "During her eighteen-year stint as matron of the Royal Free Hospital from 1905 to 1922, she served as a principal matron of the Territorial Force Nursing Service and was appointed a lady of grace in the Order of St John in March 1912.", "title": "Nursing career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "She received the Royal Red Cross (First Class) in January 1916 with the addition of a bar in January 1919 in recognition for her work as principal matron of the First London General Hospital, a temporary military hospital during World War I.", "title": "World War I" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1916 she was one of the founding members of the College of Nursing, and remained on its council for the rest of her life. She contributed to the establishment of the college's Irish board and is credited with securing the present headquarters of the college by persuading Annie Pearson, Viscountess Cowdray, in the course of a ten-minute taxi ride, to donate a new building at 20 Cavendish Square.", "title": "Royal College of Nursing and other positions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "She also held the posts of honorary secretary of the Association of Hospital Matrons, which she helped to found, and director of the National Council of Nurses, and was member of several General Nursing Council committees.", "title": "Royal College of Nursing and other positions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In June 1923 she was appointed CBE.", "title": "Royal College of Nursing and other positions" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "She died at her home in St John's Wood, London, on 30 October 1944.", "title": "Death and legacy" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Royal Free Hospital offers a Rachael Cox-Davies scholarship in her name.", "title": "Death and legacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rapti Eye Hospital is a 50 bedded government hospital located in Tulsipur, Dang in Lumbini Province of Nepal. The hospital provides healthcare services specialized in eye. It is referred as one of the largest eye care hospital in Nepal.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was established in 1986 with the support of NCA, Norway and inaugurated by the then king of Nepal, Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev. Later, on 1st January 1998 NABP took over the role of NCA as funding partner to Rapti Eye Hospital till 2011. Starting from 2074 BS (2017-2018), ophthalmic science is being taught in the hospital.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The hospital provides following services:", "title": "Departments" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Viola minuscula, the northern white violet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Violaceae, native to Canada, the United States, and the Dominican Republic. A perennial found in many different kinds of wetland habitats, in warmer parts of the United States it is confined to mountainous areas.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "smooth white violet", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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