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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ludovick Grant, 1st Laird of Grant and 8th Laird of Freuchie (1641–1717) was a Scottish politician and soldier. He was the 19th Chief of Clan Grant and referred to as the 'Highland King'.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Grant was born at Freuchie Castle c. 1641, the eldest son of James Grant, 7th of Freuchie and Lady Mary Stewart, the daughter of James Stewart, 3rd Earl of Moray and Lady Anne Gordon, the daughter of George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly. His brother was Patrick Grant of Wester Elchies, progenitor of that clan branch. After his father died, he was raised under the guardianship of his uncle Patrick Grant, who thus became known as the 'Tutor of Grant'.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Grant was an active parliamentarian who sat as Member of Parliament for Elginshire from 1681. On one occasion at Westminster he insisted that his dissatisfaction with an Act of Parliament be noted for the record. The Duke of York was said to have remarked sarcastically: \"Let his Highland Majesty's protest be marked.\" From then onwards, he was referred to as the \"Highland King.\"", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1671 he married Janet, the daughter of Alexander Brodie, 2nd of Lethen (died 1688). His eldest son Brigadier General Alexander Grant, 2nd of Grant died in 1719. He was thus succeeded by the second eldest son Sir James Grant, 6th Baronet. His younger sons were Major George Grant of Culbin who was governor of Fort George and Colonel Ludovick Grant who was a planter and slave owner in Jamaica. His daughter Margaret was married to Simon 'the Fox' Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Grant led his clan during the 1689 Rising and raised a regiment on the side of the Williamite government, commanding a force of around 700 men. At the Battle of Cromdale on 30 April 1690 the Jacobites were defeated by Sir Thomas Livingstone. On 28 February 1694 he was awarded by William III with a royal charter for the regality of Grant, which was centered on the renamed and rebuilt Castle Grant, thus becoming Ludovick Grant, 1st of Grant - the 'Highland King'.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Elizabeth C. Keller (1837–1912) was an American physician and surgeon. She was also a member of the Boston School Committee.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Elizabeth Catherine (or Catharine) Rex born in a small town near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, April 4, 1837. She was the eighth of a family of twelve children: (Johann (b. 1821), Michael (b. 1823), Maria (b. 1825), Wilhelm (b. 1827), John (b. 1830), George (b. 1833), Thadeus (b. 1835), Lavina (b. 1839), Reuben (b. 18410, Ann (b. 1843), and Martin (b. 1845). Her father Captain Wilhelm William Rex (1789–1863), served in the War of 1812. He was a native of Adams County, Pennsylvania. The mother, Mary Magdalena (Minnich) (1800–1875), was born in the same county. The grandparents on both sides were German.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Her father was a farmer, and that required the children to work on the farm, too. Elizabeth learned all the jobs of farm work, from the building of stone walls, the clearing of fields, the shearing of sheep and the picking of geese to the spinning of flax and wool, and especially to the caring for sick and wounded animals.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Both father and mother were strong adherents of the Lutheran Church. Keller was endowed with a deeply religious nature. At an early age, became an active worker in the church, leading class meetings, giving Bible readings and teaching in Sunday school. At one time, she was almost persuaded that a missionary life was her vocation.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Elizabeth, with her brothers and sisters, attended the district school. She had a private tutor for three years.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "She worked as a teacher for seven years.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1857, she married Matthias McComsey (1818–1859), of Lancaster, Pennsylvania and within two years, was a mother and a widow. Their child was William Rex McComsey.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1860, she was appointed superintendent of the Lancaster Orphans' Home, which later became the Soldiers' Orphans' Home. For seven years, she had charge of the hundreds of children who were provided for in that institution. She was not only the teacher, but also their physician, treating the various diseases incident to childhood.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 1867, she married George L. Keller (b. 1833), and went to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to live.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Being around medical women there in connection with the Woman's Hospital, her natural tendency for medical work evolved, and with the approval of her husband, she entered the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania in the fall of 1868, graduating in March, 1871.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "After graduation, she almost immediately opened a dispensary and hospital in Bedford Street, Philadelphia.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In 1872, she was appointed successor to Dr. Ann Preston on the board of attending physicians of the Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia, a position which she held until 1875, when she was appointed resident physician of the New England Hospital for Women and Children in Boston. In 1877, she entered upon private practice in Jamaica Plain, one of the suburbs of Boston. From the time of her residency in the New England Hospital, she held the position of senior attending surgeon to that institution. The surgical work there embraced major as well as minor operations, amputations, abdominal sections, and fractures.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Since 1890, Keller was a member of the Boston School Committee. She was a member of the Committees on Text Books, Hygiene, and Examinations. She served as chair of a division which included seven large grammar schools.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Keller spent summer months at her mountain retreat in Jaffrey, New Hampshire.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "She planned and superintended the building of seven houses and remodeled another during the period of 1878–93.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "She has provided home and education for an adopted daughter and three orphaned nieces.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Elizabeth C. Keller died in Jamaica Plains, Massachusetts, November 29, 1912.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 UEFA Youth League knockout phase will begin on 6 February 2024 with the play-off round and concluded with the final on 22 April 2024 at Stade de Genève in Geneva, Switzerland, to decide the champions of the 2023–24 UEFA Youth League.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The eight second round winners from the Domestic Champions Path were drawn against the eight group runners-up from the UEFA Champions League Path, with the teams from the Domestic Champions Path hosting the match. Teams from the same association could not be drawn against each other.", "title": "Play-offs" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The draw was conducted on 8 November 2022 at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon. The play-offs were played over one leg on 7 and 8 February 2023.", "title": "Play-offs" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 SC Rheindorf Altach season is the club's 113th season in existence and its 79th consecutive season in the top flight of Austrian football. In addition to the domestic league, SC Rheindorf Altach will participate in this season's edition of the Austrian Cup. The season covers the period from 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: November 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 27 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The draw for the season's first round took place on 25 June.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 WSG Tirol season is the club's 94th season in existence and its fifth consecutive season in the top flight of Austrian football. In addition to the domestic league, WSG Tirol will participate in this season's edition of the Austrian Cup. The season covers the period from 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Last updated: November 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 27 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The draw for the season's first round took place on 25 June.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John Ivor Nicholls (2 December 1936 – 7 December 2013) was an international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned five international caps for the England national speedway team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Nicholls, born in Coventry, started racing around the oval tracks during the second half events at Brandon Stadium. In 1954, he gained a place in the Coventry Bees team as an injury replacement but raced mainly for Brafield Flying Foxes during the 1954 Southern Area League season.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He cemented a place in the Coventry side for the 1955 season, helping the Midlands team secure the runner-up position in the league and in 1956 had improved his average to 6.40. From 1957 to 1959, Coventry competed in the top division, known as the National league at the time and Nicholls was a first team regular and also represented England against Australia. However, halfway through the 1959 season he was loaned out to Oxford Cheetahs. In 1960, Oxford attempted to loan him again but Coventry told them he was not avalaible.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He helped Coventry win the 1960 Midland Cup, before completing his eighth and last season with the club in 1961. His last season in speedway was shared between Belle Vue Aces in the National League and Cradley Heath Heathens in the Provinical League.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 presidential campaign of Vladislav Davankov, deputy chairman of the State Duma was announced on 24 December 2023, during the New People party's congress.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The New People party was created in 2020 by Russian businessman Alexey Nechayev. In 2021, the party participated in the legislative election election for the first time and was able to gain 5.3% of the vote, gaining 13 seats in the State Duma. Vladislav Davankov was elected deputy chairman of the State Duma from the party.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Davankov did not publicly announce his participation in the elections, which is why the name of the candidate was not known before the party congress. At the end of 2022, there were rumors about the possible nomination by the New People party of former Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin as a presidential candidate. The possibility of Kudrin's nomination for president was not ruled out by party leader Alexei Nechaev.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In early December 2023, the New People's press service announced that the party was considering three candidates for the presidential nomination, namely Vladislav Davankov, State Duma deputy and former mayor of Yakutsk Sardana Avksentyeva and party leader Alexey Nechayev.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2023, Vladislav Davankov was a candidate for Mayor of Moscow. In the election held in September 2023, Davankov took 4th place, gaining 5.3% of the vote.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Vladislav Davankov was officially nominated as a presidential candidate at the congress of the New People Party, held on 24 December 2023. All 69 delegates voted for him.", "title": "Nomination" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Davankov was also endorsed by the Party of Growth, whose congress was held on the same day. Both parties have been part of a bloc called the Union of Progressive Political Forces since June 2023. In addition, at the congress of the New People party, the beginning of the process of uniting the two parties was officially announced.", "title": "Nomination" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Immediately after his nomination, Davankov made a speech in which he stated that the basis of his presidential program would be the expansion of civil and business freedoms and the fight against new prohibitions and restrictions. As part of the campaign, Davankov plans to visit about 30 cities to communicate with citizens and present them with his vision of what Russia should be like.", "title": "Campaign" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 24 December 2023, the day Davankov was nominated for president, it was announced that Sardana Avksentyeva would head the public support headquarters.", "title": "Campaign organizations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rajendra Meena (born 15 September 1974) is an Indian politician serving as a Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. From Mahuwa Assembly constituency, he is member of the Bhartiya Janta Party.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Karl Schädler (/ʃˈɛdlər/, German: [kˈaɾl ʃˈɛdlɜ]; 23 October 1804 – 30 January 1872) was a physician and political figure from Liechtenstein who served as the President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1862 to 1870.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A member of the prominent 19th-century Schädler family, he was a leading figure in the 1848 Liechtenstein revolution and represented the country in the National Assembly in Frankfurt, which led to the liberalization of the country and the introduction of the 1862 Constitution of Liechtenstein.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Schädler was born on 23 October 1804 in Eschen to the son of physician Gebhard Schädler and his mother Maria Katharina Hasler as one of nine children. From 1818 to 1824 he attended high school in Feldkirch, then from 1822 to 1824 he conducted a Philosophicum and from 1824 to 1829 he studied medicine in the University of Vienna. After a year of internship in his father's practice in Vaduz, he received a doctorate in medicine in the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 1830 to 1837 ran a medical practice in Bad Ems and from 1833 to 1838 he was a military doctor for a Graubünden battalion. At military courses in Thun, he met Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, the future Emperor of the French. In 1838 he returned to Vaduz in order to relive his sick father's medical practice. After his death in 1842, he took over the practice, which he ran until 1869 when it was taken over by his sons Albert and Rudolf.", "title": "Medical career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1844 he was appointed state physicist. During this time he pioneered increased training for midwives and forensic medical examinations of the Liechtenstein military. His practice conducted internal medicine and surgery. In 1848 Schädler conducted the first chloroform anaesthesia surgery in Liechtenstein, a year after it's introduction by James Young Simpson. He also owned vineyards and agricultural sites within the country.", "title": "Medical career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Schädler entered politics as a supporter of Peter Kaiser, having been influenced by his years in Switzerland. He supported the liberal ideas against the absolute monarchy of Aloys II, which led to the 1848 Liechtenstein revolution led around Kaiser. On 22 March 1848, the people's committee appointed a three-person committee to lead the Liechtenstein revolutionary movement, which included Kaiser, Schädler and Ludwig Grass. Together, they managed to maintain order in Liechtenstein.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "He was elected president of the constitutional council on 27 July 1848, tasked with creating the draft for a new Liechtenstein constitution, of which the main work was carried out by him and Michael Menzinger. After Peter Kaiser's withdrawal from politics in November, Schädler was the de facto leader of the Liechtenstein revolutionary movement. On 27 December, he was elected as Kaiser's successor as Liechtenstein's representative in the National Assembly in Frankfurt, where he served until April 1849 and took part in the creation of an imperial German constitution. He supported Pan-Germanism under Austrian leadership, due to the formation of a German without them would have isolated Liechtenstein and threatened it's independence. Notably, Schädler was pessimistic about the future of Liechtenstein, believing that with the rise of Pan-Germanism the country was better to join Austria.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In the National Assembly, he was a member of the Württemberger Hof, a centre-left faction. On 28 March 1849 the Assembly elected Frederick William IV of Prussia as Emperor of the Germans. Schädler, like many other Greater Germans, abstained from the vote in protest. He made several personal propositions in the Assembly, though with little success. Regarding the law in German elections, he campaigned for Liechtenstein to be its own constituency, rather than under the Austrian one. In addition, he also campaigned for the reduction of the country's financial and military obligations, which he succeeded in by having a demand that Liechtenstein contribute an additional 60 soldiers dropped.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "After constitutional council drafted a provisional constitution, Schädler was elected District Administrator on 7 March 1849 - the first democratic people's representation in Liechtenstein. The election was led by him and took place along a provisional electoral system designed by him. A major concern for Schädler was the legal anchoring of community autonomy; However, the new municipal regulations he developed were not approved by Aloys II. He had already raised the question of opening the customs borders between Liechtenstein and Austria with the Austrian representative in Frankfurt and in 1850 asked Aloys II to propose the idea to Franz Joseph I, which led to a customs union being formed between the two countries in 1852.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "After the failure of the revolution in Germany, Aloys II suspended the constitutional council and disbanded the office of District Administrator on 20 July 1852. Although he no longer held a political office, Schädler remained the leader of the democratic movement in Liechtenstein. Calls for a new constitution once again appeared early in the reign of Johann II and the constitutional council was reformed again led by Schädler, once again tasked with drafting a new constitution, of which, similarly to 1848, he did most of the work. The draft was reviewed by an unknown German legal expert and formed the basis of the 1862 Constitution of Liechtenstein, which was ratified on 26 September. It was heavily inspired by the constitution of Vorarlberg and largely addressed the demands of the revolutionaries in Liechtenstein.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Under the new constitution, Schädler was the first President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1862 to 1870. He was also chairman of the state committee and finance commission. Upon the opening of the Landtag of Liechtenstein on 29 December 1862, he declared that it's intention was to facilitate economic and cultural improvement as well as making ordinary citizens aware of their freedom and political rights. During this time, together with Governor of Liechtenstein Karl Freiherr Haus von Hausen they wrote many legislative laws and co-founded with first Liechtenstein newspaper Liechtensteinischen Landeszeitung, which he edited from 1863 to 1868. He resigned from the Landtag in 1871 due to his illness and died the next year on 30 January 1872, aged 67 years old.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Schädler married Katharina Walser (3 January 1819 – 19 January 1886) in 1844 and they had nine children together. His son Albert Schädler and Rudolf Schädler took over his medical practice in 1869. In addition to them and his other son Karl Schädler they served in the Landtag of Liechtenstein, with Albert being the President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein, from 1882 to 1885 and again from 1890 to 1918.", "title": "Personal life and family" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 TSV Hartberg season is the club's 78th season in existence and its sixth consecutive season in the top flight of Austrian football. In addition to the domestic league, TSV Hartberg will participate in this season's edition of the Austrian Cup. The season covers the period from 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: November 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 27 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The draw for the season's first round took place on 25 June.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Last Anniversary is an upcoming Australian television series. It is directed by John Polson, and is an adaption by Samantha Strauss from the Liane Moriarty novel of the same name and is produced by Nicole Kidman, who stars. It is also starring Teresa Palmer, Miranda Richardson and Danielle Macdonald.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Sophie Honeywell (Palmer) inherits a house on Scribbly Gum Island, left to her by her ex-boyfriend’s great-aunt Connie, however the island has many secrets.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Nicole Kidman and production partner Per Saari first discussed adapting the Liane Moriarty novel in 2019, but it only entered production in 2023. Kidman's Blossom Films is producing the series with Bruna Papandrea’s Made Up Stories and Fifth Season co-producing the project. The project was overseen by Brian Walsh of Foxtel prior to his death in 2023.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In November 2023 it was announced that joining Nicole Kidman in lead roles in the series would be Miranda Richardson, Teresa Palmer and Danielle Macdonald. Also in the cast were Helen Thomson, Susan Prior, Claude Scott-Mitchell, Charlie Garber Uli Latukefu and Jeremy Lindsay Taylor.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Moriarty insisted that the novel be filmed in Australia, because the location where the book is set it, on the Hawkesbury River in New South Wales, she reportedly considers to be a real character within the story, according to producer Jodi Matterson. Filming got underway in Sydney in November 2023.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The six-part series will be shown in Australia on the streaming service Binge.", "title": "Broadcast" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mihaaru Awards is a sport award show run by the local Maldivian newspaper, Mihaaru. The award ceremony was previously conducted with the name \"Haveeru Sports Awards\", however since Haveeru shut down its been operating under \"Mihaaru Awards\".", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Maurice Lorain Pears, CMG (c.1872 - 20 October 1916) was a British Army officer who acted as the Commanding Officer of the 17th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers, during the first half of World War I.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Pears was the eldest son of M.E. Pears, ISC and the grandson of Major-General Sir Thomas Pears .", "title": "Early Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Pears joined the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) and saw service in the Tirah campaign as a Lieutenant.", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Pears was promoted from Second Lieutenant to Lieutenant on 14th January 1893 . He was promoted to Captain on 18th March 1899 .", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Pears served with his regiment through the South African War. He later became a Staff Captain for Railways at the Army Headquarters. He was later seconded from the Cameronians to the Colonial Office in May 1903 before returning to Cameronians full-time in October 1905 .", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "At the time of the outbreak of the First World War, Pears was in East Africa but returned to the UK. Pears was a member of the Reserve of Officers and on his recall, he was gazetted to the North Eastern Railway Pals Battalion - the 17th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers. After serving time as Adjutant, he was made Commanding Officer on December 13, 1914 .", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The battalion was trained in Hull and on the East Yorkshire Coast before moving to France as part of the 32nd Division on the 20th November 1915 .", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The battalion endered the Trenches from the 2nd December 1915, where they undertook work as a pioneer unit. In the early stages of 1916, the battalion started work as a Railway Pioneer unit, laying railway lines near Vecquemont.", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Pears was Mentioned in Dispatched in June 1916. He was also made Companion of St. Michael and St. George at the same time.", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Pears was present with his battalion on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, 1st July 1916.", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Pears was taken seriously ill in August 1916, where he returned to England. He was succeded as battalion commanding officer by Major (later Lieutenant Colonal) W.D.V.O. King", "title": "Military career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Pears died on the 20th October 1916. He is buried in Brighton (Extra-Mural) Borough Cemetery.", "title": "Military career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Wolfsberger AC season is the club's 93rd season in existence and its 12th consecutive season in the top flight of Austrian football. In addition to the domestic league, Wolfsberger AC will participate in this season's edition of the Austrian Cup. The season covers the period from 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 9 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: November 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 27 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The draw for the season's first round took place on 25 June.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "#REDIRECT [[Sutherland Springs Church Shooting#Perpetrator]]", "title": "" } ]

[]

[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Moshe Musai (Hebrew: משה מוסאי; born 1942) is a former Israeli Paralympic swimmer.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Musai was born in Iran and emigrated with his family to Israel in 1950. From 1958 to 1961 he completed his military service in the Nahal Brigade and in 1967 he was enlisted to the Six Day War under the Paratroopers Brigade. He was injured in Jerusalem and paralyzed in both legs.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He competed in the 1972 Summer Paralympics and 1976 Summer Paralympics, taking part in five events as an individual competitor and reaching the final in two events: ranking sixth in the Men's 50 m Freestyle 4 tournament (1972) and eighth in the Men's 25 m Butterfly 4 tournament (1976). At the 1972 Games, he won a gold medal in the 3×50 m medley relay 2-4 tournament, alongside Moshe Levy and Joseph Wengier.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Musai was active with the Israel Sports Center for the Disabled and a member of the wheelchair basketball team for Beit Halochem. He was a member of Israel men's national wheelchair basketball team for fifteen years.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of events that happen during 1777 in Delaware.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "president:", "title": "incumbents" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "events" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In mechanism design, a regret-free truth-telling mechanism (or regret-free mechanism for short) is a mechanism in which each player who reveals his true private information does not feel regret after seeing the mechanism outcome. A regret-free mechanism incentivizes agents who want to avoid regret to report their preferences truthfully.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Regret-freeness is a relaxation of truthfulness: every truthful mechanism is regret-free, but there are regret-free mechanisms that are not truthful. As a result, regret-free mechanisms exist even in settings in which strong impossibility results prevent the existence of truthful mechanisms.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A mechanism is a function that gets as input the preferences of some n agents over a set of outcomes, and returns a single outcome. The agents' preferences are their private information; therefore, each agent can either report his true preferences, or report some false preferences.", "title": "Formal definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It is assumed that, once an agent observes the outcome of the mechanism, he feels regret if his report is a dominated strategy \"in hindsight\". That is: given all possible preferences of other agents, which are compatible with the observed outcome, there is an alternative report that would have given him the same or a better outcome.", "title": "Formal definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A regret-free mechanism is a mechanism in which an agent who reports his truthful preferences never feels regret.", "title": "Formal definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Camara, Hartline and Johnsen study principal-agent problems. These are incomplete-information games between two players called Principal and Agent, whose payoffs depend on a state of nature known only by the Agent. The Principal commits to a policy, then the agent responds, and then the state of nature is revealed. They assume that the principal and agent interact repeatedly, and may learn over time from the state history, using reinforcement learning. They develop mechanisms assuming that the agent is drived by regret-aversion.", "title": "In principal-agent problems" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Collina, Roth and Shao improve their mechanism both in running-time and in the bounds for regret (as a function of the number of distinct states of nature).", "title": "In principal-agent problems" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Frenandez studies regret-free truth-telling in two-sided matching, particularly in connection with the Gale–Shapley algorithm.", "title": "In matching" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Chen and Moller study regret-free mechanisms in school choice mechanisms.", "title": "In matching" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Arribillaga, Bonifacio and Fernandez study regret-free voting rules. They show that:", "title": "In voting" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Tamuz, Vardi and Ziani study regret in fair cake-cutting.", "title": "In fair division" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Cresto and Tajer also study regret in fair cake-cutting among two agents, where the regret comes from a change in preferences: after one player sees the choice of the other player, his preferences may change. They suggest a variant of cut and choose that avoids this kind of regret.", "title": "In fair division" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Roger M. Rowell (born November 28, 1939) is an American biochemist and wood scientist of the Forest Products Laboratory at Madison and emeritus professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who is an elected fellow (FIAWS) of the International Academy of Wood Science.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He obtained his bachelor of science degree in chemistry and mathematics from Southwestern College in Kansas in 1961, followed by an MSc degree in biochemistry from Purdue University in 1963. He got his PhD in biochemistry at the Purdue University in 1965, under the supervision of Professor R.L. Whistler.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Between 1966 and 2007, Rowell served as a leading research chemist at the USDA – Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin, with professorship appointments in the departments of Forestry and Biological Systems Engineering at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since 2009, he holds the title of emeritus professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His work includes more than 300 research papers, several international patents, and many conference presentations. Rowell's primary research has focused on biomaterials, wood chemistry, carbohydrate chemistry and chemical modification of wood.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He has been a visiting professor and scholar at several research institutes and universities in countries such as Japan, Sweden, China, Norway, South Korea, New Zealand. Rowell has served as a member of the editorial boards of various journals, including Forest Products Journal, Wood Science and Technology, and Wood Material Science and Engineering.", "title": "Education and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1991, Rowell received an award from the American Chemical Society for his research contributions in wood chemistry, primarily related to the acetylation of wood.", "title": "Recognition" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Rowell has been an elected fellow in the Cellulose, Paper and Textile Division of the American Chemical Society, and also, a fellow in the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. In 2009 he received the Outstanding Scientist Award of the USDA Forest Service as the research scientist of the year.", "title": "Recognition" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In October 2023, a referenced meta-research conducted by John Ioannidis and his team at Stanford University included Roger M. Rowell in Elsevier Data 2022, where he was ranked in the global top 2% of researchers of all time in the area of wood chemistry (forestry – chemistry).", "title": "Recognition" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Rowell lives permanently in Madison, Wisconsin. He has been married with Judith Kay since 1961, and they have three children and eight grandchildren.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The aerospace industry in Puerto Rico is a growing sector of the island's economy. It encompasses a wide range of activities, from manufacturing aircraft parts and components to research and development of new technologies. The industry benefits from Puerto Rico's strategic location, workforce, and government incentives.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The aerospace industry in Puerto Rico has its roots in the 1950s, when the U.S. military established bases on the island. These bases attracted major aerospace companies, such as Pratt & Whitney and Honeywell, which set up operations to support military aircraft.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Puerto Rico Aerospace and Defense (A+D) industry emerged in the early 1990s with Hamilton Sundstrand's acquisition of an existing manufacturer. Subsequent mergers saw Collins Aerospace and Pratt & Whitney become subsidiaries of Raytheon Technologies. In 2007, the industry took flight with major investments from Honeywell Aerospace and Lockheed Martin, both recruiting local engineering and IT talent. Honeywell grew substantially, building a world-class laboratory in Moca. AXON Puerto Rico (now DXC Technologies) arrived in 2010, employing hundreds. 2014 marked a historic agreement with Lufthansa Technik, establishing the first Americas maintenance, repair, and overhaul facility for the German company, with Avenger Aerospace Solutions providing testing and engineering support. Today, the industry continues to diversify and attract subsectors like research and development, space, and aircraft maintenance, solidifying its role as a strategic and emerging sector for Puerto Rico.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Several industrial parks dedicated to aerospace manufacturing were created, such as the Aguadilla International Airport and the Punta Salinas Industrial Complex.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Major aerospace companies with operations in Puerto Rico include:", "title": "Current status" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "These companies manufacture a wide range of aircraft parts and components, including engines, landing gear, and avionics. In addition to manufacturing, Puerto Rico is also home to a growing number of research and development facilities. These facilities are working on cutting-edge technologies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and satellite systems.", "title": "Current status" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "There are currently proposals to create a spaceport at the Ceiba airport.", "title": "Current status" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The Puerto Rican aerospace industry faces a number of challenges, including competition from other countries with lower labor costs. However, the industry also has a number of advantages, such as its proximity to the U.S. market, its skilled workforce, and its government incentives. The Puerto Rican government is supporting the growth of the aerospace industry, and it has implemented a number of programs to attract investment and create jobs.", "title": "Challenges and opportunities" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of mayors of Mableton, Georgia. The mayor is the highest elected official in the city and the current mayor is Michael Owens who was elected in the 2023 Mableton mayoral election.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mableton, Georgia was incorporated as a city on August 19, 1912 before being decorporated on August 17, 1916 as a result of a flood overwhelming the city's sewer system. In November 2023, the city was reincorporated in an election.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kuba Badach (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkuba ˈbadax]; born 24 August 1976) is a Polish singer, composer, arranger, music producer, music journalist and television personality. He's a co-founder and member of the band Poluzjanci and member of the band The Globetrotters. He's a two-time winner of the Polish music industry Fryderyk award", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The SAA Supa 8 2006 was the 32nd edition of the competition featuring the top 8-placed teams at the conclusion of the 2004–05 Premier Soccer League season and the 4th under its then sponsored name, the SAA Supa 8.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was won by Kaizer Chiefs, who defeated Golden Arrows in the quarter-final, Moroka Swallows in the semi-final, and Supersport United in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Rotson Kilambe, who scored the winner and only goal of the game for Bloemfontein Celtic in the 2005 final, repeated the feat for Chiefs, scoring in the 62nd minute.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The following 8 teams are listed according to their final position on the league table in the previous season of the 2005–06 Premier Soccer League.", "title": "Teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "Final" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "La Boisserie, former personal residence of General de Gaulle in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises in Haute-Marne, has been a museum open to visitors since 1980, the owner of which is his son, Admiral Philippe de Gaulle.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "De Gaulle likes to come and rest in what he considers to be his true and only home, especially during his political “crossing the desert”. He writes for example: “I miss Colombey. I can’t see myself living anywhere else.” He takes refuge there to make important decisions, in calm and solitude. Even when elected President of the French Republic, he initially refused to stay at the Élysée, contrary to protocol. He ended up living in the presidential palace but continued to spend a lot of time and every other weekend with his family in Colombey. In 1969, de Gaulle resigned and retired to his house with his wife. He died there on November 9, 1970.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Yvonne de Gaulle lived in La Boisserie until 1978, when she left it permanently for Paris, where she entered the retirement home of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception. She died a year later at the Val-de-Grâce hospital, at the age of 79, on November 8, 1979, the day before the 9th anniversary of her husband's death.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The house and its park, including the fence overlooking the street, are listed as historic monuments by a decree of September 6, 2004.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The residence was labeled Maisons des Illustres in 2011.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Chung Sun-lin (Chinese: 鍾孫霖) is a Taiwanese geologist.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Chung earned his bachelor's (1981), master's (1984), and doctoral (1990) degrees, all in geology, from National Taiwan University. Chung began his teaching career at his alma mater as a lecturer between 1991 and 1994, held an associate professorship at NTU from 1994 to 1998, was subsequently promoted to full professor, and was appointed to a distinguished and chair professorship in 2006, a position he retained until retirement in 2014. Chung was also affiliated with Academia Sinica's Institute of Earth Sciences as an associate research fellow, starting in January 2001. Sung was promoted to distinguished research fellow in May 2014, and became institute director in May 2017.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Chung was elected to fellowship within the Geological Society of America and the Mineralogical Society of America in 2005 and 2012, respectively. In 2014, he was awarded the TWAS Prize in Earth Sciences. In 2018, Chung was elected to The World Academy of Sciences as a fellow. Chung was elected a member of Academia Sinica in 2016, and a fellow of the American Geophysical Union in 2023.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "JOM Charity Award is an annual award giving to celebrate the achievements of individuals/organization or companies. The Awards have helped to reshape the narrative around change makers.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Josephine Oboh Macleod Charity (SCIO) SC048839, also known as Jom Charityis the parents body of the JOM Charity Awards founded in 2017 by Josephine Oboh Macleod.The award is presented as an accolade in the art, culture, fair trade, community, heritage, science, human rights, and environment industry.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The selection process for these individuals/organizations/companies involved nominations, thorough background checks based on their impact, and board justifications.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The meticulous selection process involves a combination of votes from the public and industry professionals, ensuring that only the best of the best are honored.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the conclusion of the nomination phase, the selection process Will progress into a strategic questionnaire phase. This stage aims to engage a diverse demographic of millions of people aged 18 to 70, encompassing a wide spectrum of lifestyles.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Qarachil expedition, led by Muhammad bin Tughluq in 1338 CE, was a significant military campaign undertaken by the Delhi Sultanate. While some historians, such as Sir Wolseley Haig, suggest that this expedition was part of a larger Nagarkot campaign, Ziya-ud-din Barani mentioned it as a part of the planned Khurasan expedition. The objective of this expedition was not to facilitate the acquisition of Khurasan or China, as erroneously attributed by later writers such as Firishta and Yahya bin Ahmad. Instead, it aimed to secure India's northern frontier after rounding off all other frontiers. The Sultanate army captured a place called Jidya. In the aftermath of the expedition, even though the Tughlaq army of 10,000 lost their lives due to the advance they made to the mountains, the ruler of that area, made a treaty with Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. Accordingly, the ruler of that area agreed to pay certain money to the Sultan for using the territory lying at the foothills and accepted the overlordship of the Sultan.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tayo Aina (born December 9,1992) is a Nigerian YouTuber, photographer, and travel content creator known for his content that delves into lifestyle, travel, and culture. As of 2023, he has over 700 thousand subscribers on his YouTube channel. He is an award winner at Future Awards Africa 2022 for Content Creation", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born and raised in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, Tayo Aina attended Ifako International Secondary School before earning his bachelor's degree at the Federal University of Technology Akure.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Aina is a content creator who was inspired by the dynamism of Lagos and the absence of its digital representation, made transition to the YouTube platform. Aina received attention and recognition resulting in his achievement of the Future Awards Africa 2022 Prize for Content Creation. TECNO brand acknowledged Aina's journey.", "title": "YouTube and filmmaking" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Aina's storytelling has attracted collaborations with artiste like Adekunle Gold and Davido.", "title": "YouTube and filmmaking" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Aina collaborated on a documentary addressing the Boko Haram insurgency in the northern region. The video highlighting UNDP's efforts for positive change, has garnered over 1 million views on YouTube.", "title": "YouTube and filmmaking" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Charity of Lima (Spanish: Beneficiencia de Lima), officially the Society of Charity of Metropolitan Lima (Spanish: Sociedad de Beneficencia de Lima Metropolitana), is a charitable organisation that serves the city of Lima, in Peru.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was founded on June 12, 1834 through a Supreme Decree of General Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada, provisional president of Peru, and through him it was in charge of the charitable establishments of Lima. This institution was responsible for the first lotteries in the country, the Lima and Callao Lottery.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2009, it became a public organisation directly attached to the Ministry of Women and Social Development, after ceasing to be a subsidiary of the National Comprehensive Program for Family Welfare (INABIF) of the same ministry; and later in 2011 it became administered by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima, after the approval of the Annual Plan for Transfers of Sectoral Competencies to Regional and Local Governments made in 2007.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since September 13, 2018, by Legislative Decree No. 1411, it becomes a private entity, financed by donations.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2020, for its 187th anniversary, the \"Live to Serve\" campaign was developed for the neediest in the city of Lima. In which it extends to 553 housed in different care centers (175 for minors in the Puericultorio Perez Aranibar and 378 older adults).", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Heroes' Gate (Arabic: بوابة الأبطال), also known as Riyadh Western Gate (Arabic: بوابة الرياض الغربية), is a pair of arch-gateway monuments situated at the Qiddiya civilian checkpoint on Highway 40 (Makkah al-Mukarramah Road) in southwestern Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, officially partitioned between King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy from the north and Nemar suburb from the south. Opened in 2013, it commemorates the 1902 Battle of Riyadh and is a visitor attraction besides being a stopover for travellers passing through the city’s western exit.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The monument was inaugurated in 2013 during the reign of King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz and pays a tribute to King Abdulaziz ibn Saud and his companions in their efforts to recapture the walled town of Riyadh in a battle in 1902. It resembles the cylindrical mudbrick watchtowers of Masmak Fortress and those of the former city walls of Riyadh.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The monument showcases a model of King Abdulaziz's sword, cleaving a sizeable rock that symbolizes the hardships endured by the people in the former days, paving the way for prosperity as spring flowed. Behind it stand 13 flags, each representing a governorate of Saudi Arabia. Surrounding the monument are 64 panels that are inscribed with the names of companions of King Abdulaziz, who assisted him during the battle for the takeover of Riyadh.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Construction for the project began during the reign of King Fahd bin Abdulaziz, either in 2003 or 2004 and was a brainchild of Prince Turki bin Talal al-Saud. The monument was inaugurated by Prince Khalid bin Bandar al-Saud, the Governor of Riyadh Province in April 2013.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Turia Chand Baskey is a Santhali writer and editor. He was awarded Sahitya Akademi Award for Santali literature in 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Baskey hails from Jhargram. His real name is Taraceen Baskey. He passed from Silda Chandra Sekhar College and joined in a service under Indian Railway. Later he works as a teacher at Babupur Agricultural High School at Sutahata, Haldia. Baskey edited Tirandaj literary magazine and wrote 27 books in Ol Chiki. In 2015 he received Sarada Prasad Kisku memorial Award conferred by the Santhali Academy of West Bengal. West Bengal Government awarded him Shikhsaratna in 2023. Baskay was awarded Sahitya Akademy for his short story collection Jaba Baha In 2023.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"The House With the Whitewashed Gable\" is a 1967 country song written by Neil Levenson and performed by Irish showband singer Joe Dolan and his band, the Drifters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The song is based on the Ron Dante song \"221 East Maple,\" with the typically American street address changed to the rural Irish setting of a farmhouse with a gable covered in whitewash.", "title": "Song history" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "\"The House With the Whitewashed Gable\" was released on 10 February 1967, reaching number one in the Irish Singles Chart on 20 February 1967.", "title": "Song history" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Levi B. Kaler (January 26, 1828 – September 1, 1906) was an American politician from Pennsylvania. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1885 to 1886.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Levi B. Kaler was born on January 26, 1828, in Robeson Township, Pennsylvania, to Elizabeth (née Umstead) and John Kaler. His father was a farmer and officer of the St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal Church. His grandfather Matthias Kaler was a German immigrant who served in the Revolutionary War and was a justice of the peace in Berks County. He grew up in Berks County and worked on his father's farm. He was educated in common schools and was instructed privately by Reverend Henry Miller.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At the age of 19, Kaler became a salesman with William Nyce, a dry goods and grocery dealer in Phoenixville. After seven years, Nyce retired and Kaler and another clerk Kevin Wagoner bought the store and renamed it Kaler & Wagoner. Their business was the first to use gas for lighting in Phoenixville. He was a school board member in Phoenixville from 1856 to 1862. In 1866, he was elected to the board of managers and served as secretary of the Morris Cemetery in Phoenixville. He was involved in the construction of the Masonic Hall in Phoenixville and was president of its board of managers.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kaler served on Phoenixville council from 1872 to 1873. While on the council, he helped push for the erection of the water works in Phoenixville. He was chief burgess in Phoenixville in 1874. He was a Whig and after its dissolution became a Republican. He served as a Republican in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, representing Chester County from 1885 to 1886.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Kaler was director of the Phoenixville National Bank and later became president of the bank. He was director of the Pickering Valley Railroad Company for at least 12 years and was director of the Fidelity Mutual Life Association of Philadelphia. He was president of the Phoenix Creamery Association. He was deacon of the First Baptist Church in Phoenixville and served as its treasurer for a number of years. He was superintendent of the church's sunday school for more than 50 years. For more than 20 years, he was clerk and treasurer of the Central Union Association of Baptist Churches. He was a member of the Wire Picket Fence Company of Phoenixville. In 1883, he started purchasing real estate in Florida. As of 1893, he owned 22.5 acres (9.1 ha) of orange groves in Florida.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Kaler married Anne Oliver Nyce on September 17, 1860. They had four children, including Annie E. N. Nyce. His wife died in 1869. He married Anne S. White, daughter of Samuel White, of Phoenixville on July 16, 1874.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Kaler died of heart disease on September 1, 1906, in Phoenixville. He was interred at Morris Cemetery in Phoenixville.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Awni El-Dous (2010 or 2011 – 7 October 2023) was a Palestinian YouTuber. His content centred around making gaming videos without commentary, with videos on PUBG Mobile and Pro Evolution Soccer 2017 among others. His channel was created on 2 May 2020, however he didn't upload his first gaming video until 12 December that year. On 18 August 2022, he made a short video thanking his fans for helping him reach 1,000 subscribers, \"So now folks, let me introduce myself: I am a Palestinian from Gaza, aged 12 years old. The goal of this channel is to reach 100,000 subscribers. And 500,000, then 1 million, and God willing to reach 10 million subscribers with your support and love\". On 3 August 2023 he would publish his final video, in which he played Counter Strike.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "His father was a computer engineer, which gave Awni his love for computers. Awni would copy his father, pulling apart laptops and attempting to put them back together. In photos shared on the Facebook page of his school, Safad Primary School (A) for Boys, he is shown standing in front of a blackboard holding a motherboard, leading a lesson on computer technology as a part of the Little Teachers Initiative. A member of his family called him \"engineer Awni\" because of his love for computers.", "title": "Life and family" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Ashraf El-Dous, a distant relative of Awni who works as a programmer and helps to run several YouTube channels, stated that Awni would frequently come to him for advise on his channel, with Awni referring to him as \"brother Ashraf\". He told the BBC \"His ambition was to be my competitor or colleague - He created a YouTube channel. It wasn't that big, it didn't have any big views. Every start-up is hard at the beginning.\" His aunt, Ala'a, said that he idolised YouTubers who made his hobby their career, saying \"He wanted to be like them - to have followers and fans\"", "title": "Life and family" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 7 October 2023, at around 8:20pm that night, the top of the building was hit by 2 Israeli bombs, destroying it. The 3 storey building in Zeitoun, Gaza housed 3 generations of their family, with each branch housed on different floors. Awni lived on a floor with his mother, father, 2 older sisters and 2 younger brothers, all of whom were killed in the bombing. 15 people were killed in total, 7 of them being children. His uncle, Mohammad El-Dous, who was in the building at the time and lost his son in the attack, told Amnesty International \"Two bombs fell suddenly on top of the building and destroyed it. My wife and I were lucky to survive because we were staying on the top floor. She was nine-months pregnant and gave birth at al-Shifa hospital a day after the attack. Our entire family has been destroyed.\"", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Shortly after his death, one of his teachers shared a photo of himself with Awni, saying that he had an \"ever-lasting smile\". Ala'a said of him that he was \"very happy and confident\", and that on one \"very wonderful night\" she remembered watching a film with Awni and his siblings, sharing crisps and chocolates. She recalled the last time she saw him, at a family breakfast three weeks before his death, where she looked at his nephew and said \"Awni is becoming a man.\"", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "One of Awni's YouTube idols, AboFlah, a famous Kuwaiti YouTuber, released a video on 23 October 2023 about Awni after seeing a video shared on Instagram. The video, from Basr3, showed Awni's video announcing the aims of his channel, with the caption \"I checked his account, and I found out he was following me. Then, I checked the direct messages and I saw that he had texted me, but I didn't see the messages. The amount of fury I felt is indescribable.\" One of the messages read \"I swear, I love you and I love your videos. Keep going, legend!\" AboFlah then choked up, turned to the camera and said \"I hope he didn't text me. I hope he didn't know me. Please, tell me you didn't contact me.\" Upon seeing that Awni had messaged him, he suddenly got up from his chair, burst into tears and walked out of the room. One of the messages read \"Nothing compares to Palestine's winter in Gaza; the atmosphere is legendary. We're drinking sahlab. It's so good. We're also eating roasted chestnuts. I hope you come to Palestine. Much love.\" Another read \"You're my role model and everything I wish for. I hope you never stop posting.\" AboFlah said during the video \"I don't want to talk like I'm 30 or 40 years old, but it's such a shame for this child to die… This child is one of many others who are even younger than him. If God wills it, they'll be birds of Paradise.\"", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "When interviewed by the BBC, he said \"It was very touching to hear that he looked up to me as a role model.\" When asked why he believes that Awni has made such a large impact, he said \"Fans see themselves in Awni. We are all Awni.\"", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "At the time of the video's release, Awni's channel had just over 50 thousand subscribers. AboFlah asked his subscribers to help Awni reach his goal of 100 thousand subscribers. Awni's subscriber count ballooned following his death. On the week of 15-21 October, Awni's subscriber count skyrocketed, receiving almost 26,000 subscribers, receiving another almost 700,000 subscribers the next week.", "title": "Death" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The comments sections of several of his videos are now flooded with supportive messages and condolences, congratulating him on reaching various subscriber milestones. One such message reads \"You did it brother, your channel has now almost reached 1.5 M subscribers. May Allah place you in the best Jannah Rest in peace[sic]\".", "title": "Death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Paula Karina Gómez Martinez (born 31 January 1985) is an Argentine Paralympic judoka who competes in international judo competitions. She is a Pan American champion and a three-time Parapan American Games medalist. She also competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Monte Coltignone is a mountain of Lombardy, Italy, with an elevation of 1,479 metres (4,852 ft). It is located in the Orobic Alps, overlooking the town of Lecco.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It lies south of the Grignetta and Pian dei Resinelli, north of Monte San Martino, Corno Regismondo and Corno Medale, east of Lake Como and Pizzo Forcellino, and west of Ballabio and the Valsassina.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Coltignone is mostly made of limestone. Its peak can be reached by three hiking paths of varying levels of difficulty.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) intangible cultural heritage elements are the non-physical traditions and practices performed by a people. As part of a country's cultural heritage, they include celebrations, festivals, performances, oral traditions, music, and the making of handicrafts. The \"intangible cultural heritage\" is defined by the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, drafted in 2003 and took effect in 2006. Inscription of new heritage elements on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists is determined by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, an organisation established by the convention.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Qatar signed the convention on 1 September 2008.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Safe Harbor is an upcoming crime drama television series from Mark Williams, starring Charlie Murphy, Alfie Allen and Jack Gleeson.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Tobias (Allen) and Marco (Martijn Lakemeier) are hackers who become involved with organised crime when they cross paths with members of the Irish mob, Sloane (Murphy) and her brother Farrell (Gleeson). They employ them to hack into the security system Europe’s largest shipping port, in Rotterdam, to enable undetected deliveries of drug shipments.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mark Williams is producing with Femke Wolting from Dutch company Submarine and Germany company Night Train Media on the project. Dutch streamer Videoland is the anchor commissioner.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Filming begun in Rotterdam in 2023, with filming scheduled for early 2024 in Belgium and Ireland. Mark Williams is directing along with Arne Toonen.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In November 2023, Charlie Murphy, Alfie Allen, Jack Gleeson and Martijn Lakemeier were cast in lead roles.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Frank Cassenti was a French stage and film director and screenwriter. He directed the film The Song of Roland.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mustapha Aarab (born January 19, 2004, in Agadir, Morocco) is a Moroccan actor. At the age of 17, he moved to Sweden with his mother.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mustapha Aarab was born in the city of Agadir, Morocco, and moved to Sweden with his mother at an early age, where he began to act while still young. He was able to gain attention through his participation in performances that revealed his talent.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mustapha Aarab is a Moroccan actor who began his artistic career in Sweden, debuting in 2019 as Zack in the series Beartown. He was chosen for this role in view of his fluent Arabic language, a requirement for the part. Although he appeared in only four episodes, his performance was admired by critics and attracted the attention of viewers as a result of his acting skills.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2021, Mustapha Aarab played the lead role in the romantic drama Vinterviken, based on a novel for teenagers. It was shown on the Netflix platform under the name JJ+E. He played the role of John-John, attracting recognition and gaining a niche for himself in the film industry.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Aarab was one of four candidates nominated for the Swedish Film Institute's best male actor award for his role as John-John in Vinterviken.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Barak Hiram (born in 1979) is an IDF officer with the rank of Brigadier general, currently serving as the commander of the 99th Infantry Division. Previously, he served as the commander of the Golani Brigade, the commander of the live-fire training center in the IDF, the commander of the Golan Brigade, the commander of Golani's training base, and the commander of Battalion 51.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Hiram was born and raised in Haifa. He studied at the Reali School in his city of residence. He enlisted in the IDF in 1997 and began his service in the pilots' course. After five months, he dropped out of the course, was placed in the Golani Brigade, and was accepted into the Egoz unit. He underwent training as a fighter and an infantry commanders' course, returned to the unit as a team sergeant, and participated in combat in South Lebanon. After an infantry officers' course, he was appointed as a team commander in the unit. Later, he served as the operational company commander in Battalion 13 and led it, among other things, in combat in the Gaza Strip. He was then appointed as the commander in the Egoz unit and commanded it during the Second Lebanon War. During the fighting, he was seriously injured and lost one of his eyes. For the way he fought and commanded the company, he was awarded a commendation by the division commander from the Gaash formation. Later, he served as the commander of the training school in the Egoz unit. In 2008–2009, he served as the deputy commander of Battalion 12. After the death of his successor, Eliraz Peretz, he returned for a while to serve as the deputy commander of the battalion. He was later appointed as the cycle commander in the Golani training base. He then went abroad for studies.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On June 25, 2012, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant colonel and appointed as the commander of Battalion 51, serving in this role until July 6, 2014. In July 2014, he was appointed as the commander of Golani's training base, serving in this role until August 2016. On September 1, 2016, he was promoted to the rank of colonel and appointed as the commander of the Golan Brigade, a position he held until July 15, 2018. He then went abroad for a year of studies. In 2019, he was appointed as the commander of the live-fire training center in the IDF, a role he held until 2020. On August 2, 2020, he was appointed as the commander of the Golani Brigade, serving in this position until July 18, 2022.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On August 11, 2022, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier general and appointed as the commander of the 99th Infantry Division. On July 17, 2023, it was decided to appoint him as the next commander of the Gaza Division.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On Saturday, 7 October, 2023, with the start of a surprise attack on Israel, he traveled on his own initiative to the Southern Command. Hiram was instructed to engage in combat with terrorists in Netivot. He ordered the entire division to assemble in Beit Kama, and with a small force, he arrived in Netivot and took command of the fighting also in the communities of Sa'ad, Be'eri, Alumim, and Re'im. Forces from various units (Sayeret Matkal, Shaldag Unit, Commando Brigade) arrived to him, which he directed to combat in the different communities.", "title": "Iron Sword War" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "At 11 AM, he arrived with his team in Alumim, where the readiness company managed to defend the village, and the force under his command killed three terrorists. Shortly after, he continued with fighters from various units to Kibbutz Be'eri, where a long and casualty-heavy battle ensued until Monday afternoon. During the fighting.", "title": "Iron Sword War" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Hiram lives in Tekoa, married to Bat Zion, and is a father of four. He holds a bachelor's degree in military history from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and a master's degree in business administration from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.", "title": "Personal Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Brede Mette' or Bræ'e Mæt, is a Danish card game, originating in Funen for 2 or more players. It is reminiscent of the North Jutland game of Rakker. It has been played in Denmark since at least 1950.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Jokers are removed from a standard 52-card Danish pattern pack. Aces are high, 2s are low. The highest card is the trump Ace. The Queen of Hearts cannot be beaten, only passed on or picked up.", "title": "Cards" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The first dealer is chosen by any agreed means. The dealer shuffles the cards and deals each player 3 cards. The remainder are placed face down as the stock and the top card is turned face up and placed next to it. This upcard determines the trump suit. The cards of the trump suit can beat all the cards of any other suit except ♦Q.", "title": "Preliminaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "First hand (i.e. the one to the left of the dealer), starts by placing one or more cards of equal rank on the table, e.g. two 5s. If any of the remaining players also have a card of that rank, in this case another 5, it (or they) may be added before second hand (card player) has played. Now second hand must eithre a) beat the cards played to the table individually (in this case ♥5 and ♣5) or b) holding a card of the same rank, e.g. ♦5, pass the pile of 3 cards back to first hand, or c) beat all 3 cards individually (if wanting, for example, to get rid of more cards). If unable to do any of these, second hand must pick up the card(s) and the turn goes to the next player. Every time a player has less than three cards in hand, more cards must be drawn to get back up to three again. This is done as soon as the number of cards drops below 3 which may occur several times during a turn. If there are not enough cards in stock, the player draws all the remainder.", "title": "Play" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Exchanging works in this way. Suppose first hand opens by playing 2 Queens to the table. If second hand has two trumps and 2 Kings of the same suits, the 2 trumps may be placed on top of the Kings. Second hand then draws 2 cards (if below 3 cards in hand) and if these are not trumps, or cards of the same suit as the kings, but have a higher rank (e.g. 2 aces), choose to use these to beat the Kings instead, and pick up the trumps again.", "title": "Exchanging" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "To beating one or more cards, a player must either have a card of higher rank or have one that is a trump (however, if the earlier player has played a trump, this must be overtrumped – see illustration.", "title": "Beating" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Brede Mette is the \"Red Queen\" (rutter dame or rutter dam) i.e. the ♦Q. She cannot be beaten or trumped, but can be passed on. Whoever ends up with this card at the end of the game is Brede Mette and has lost the game.", "title": "Brede Mette" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) intangible cultural heritage elements are the non-physical traditions and practices performed by a people. As part of a country's cultural heritage, they include celebrations, festivals, performances, oral traditions, music, and the making of handicrafts. The \"intangible cultural heritage\" is defined by the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, drafted in 2003 and took effect in 2006. Inscription of new heritage elements on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists is determined by the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, an organisation established by the convention.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bahrain signed the convention on 7 March 2014.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle Of Djidiouïa was a battle that happened in 1694, between the Deylik of Algiers and the Sultanate of Morocco.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After the Algerians took The eastern side of The Moulouya River In 1692 Ismail Ibn Sharif tried to reconquer it in 1693 Ismail Ben Sharif Carred alot for the Eastern Side Of The Moulouya River, as it included cities Like, Oujda, Fguig, Berkane and many more, and had big economic and historical importance for the Moroccan state.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Ismail Ibn Sherif, in a strategic military move, dispatched a formidable army that skillfully crossed the challenging terrain of the Moulouya River, venturing deep into Algerian Territory. Their mission unfolded until they reached the pivotal point of Relizane, where they were met with staunch resistance from a well-prepared Algerian Army.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The ensuing battle, marked by intense clashes and strategic maneuvers, ultimately saw the Moroccan forces thwarted in their ambitious attempt to dismantle Algerian cores on the eastern banks of the Moulouya River, resulting in a decisive Victory for Algeria and Dey Chabane.", "title": "Battle" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the defeat, Ismael launched 5 more attacks On the Moulouya (1696 1700 1701 1703 1707) all ending in total failure resulting in Algeria occupying Eastern Morocco for more then 100 years (until 1795).", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Bhopal Vidhan Sabha or the Bhopal Legislative Assembly was the unicameral state legislature of Bhopal state in India.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The seat of the Vidhan Sabha was at Bhopal, the capital of the state.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The history of the Bhopal legislature can be traced back to 1951, when the Parliament of India past a low to create a Legislative Assembly to same part C stats, Bhopal included.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The only election to Bhopal Legislative Assembly were held on March 27 1952. The state was divided in to 30 constituencies, seven two-member constituencies and sixteen single-member constituencies. the Indian National Congress wan 25 out of 30 seats.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Assembly was margd whith the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly on 1 November 1956, following the marging of the stase of bhopal whith Madhya Pradesh, onder the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. The tenure of this first Vidhan Sabha was very short, and it was dissolved on 5 March 1957.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 USC Trojans football team will represent the University of Southern California (USC) as a first-year member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team is led by their third-year head coach Lincoln Riley, and will play their home games at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum located in Los Angeles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The 2024 season will be the Trojans first year in the Big Ten Conference since departing from the Pac-12 Conference.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "at Allegiant Stadium • Las Vegas, NV", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "at Michigan Stadium • Ann Arbor, MI", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "at Huntington Bank Stadium • Minneapolis, MN", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "at SECU Stadium • College Park, MD", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "at Husky Stadium • Seattle , WA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "at Rose Bowl Stadium • Pasadena , CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum • Los Angeles, CA", "title": "Games summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "^ : the players who still have to make an official choice and the players who are eligible for the Covid year.", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "redshirt year used / redshirt year eligible / * Former Walk-on / LDS Mission", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "– 82 players on scholarship / 85 scholarships permitted", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "The Trojans have lost 17 players via transfer.", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "The Trojans have added 8 players via transfer.", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Offense", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "USC signed 19 players in the 2024 recruiting cycle. 1 committed not signed during the Early Signing Day (December 20, 2023)", "title": "Personnel" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Key: POS: Position, SOLO: Solo Tackles, AST: Assisted Tackles, TOT: Total Tackles, TFL: Tackles-for-loss, SACK: Quarterback Sacks, INT: Interceptions, BU: Passes Broken Up, PD: Passes Defended, QBH: Quarterback Hits, FR: Fumbles Recovered, FF: Forced Fumbles, BLK: Kicks or Punts Blocked, SAF: Safeties, TD : Touchdown", "title": "Statistics" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Farma (series 3), is the third series of Farma, the Polish version of the reality television franchise The Farm. The season consists of 16 Poles live on a farm like it was 100 years ago and face against each other win the grand prize of 100,000zł. The main twist this season is for the first time, all the starting contestants on the farm are women. No men joined the farm on the first couple of days. The series is hosted again by Marcelina ZawadzkaIlona Krawczyńska and premieres on 8 January 2024 on Polsat.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "(ages stated are at time of contest)", "title": "Finishing order" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Goldie is a Philadelphia based restaurant serving vegan Israeli food. The restaurant was created by Michael Solomonov under his CookNSolo restaurant group, and it has multiple locations throughout Philadelphia. The restaurant is named after the Hebrew word for night. The restaurant serves food that is kosher and vegan, including falafel dishes and tehini shakes. The restaurant's head chef is Caitlin McMillan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "More than 400 people attended protests outside of Goldies restaurants after the restaurant fired three staff members for showing pro-Palestinian sentiments following the October 7, 2023 attacks by Hamas. either by wearing Palestinian flag pins or for showing support on social media. The restaurant group, CookNSolo, donated one day profits to a medical organization that provides gear to the IDF and also organized galas to show support for PACs for pro-Israel officials and lobbyists. The Philly Palestine Coalition called for a boycott of CookNSolo restaurants. Governor Josh Shapiro condemned the protest, as did President Biden and other political officials, claiming the chant was antisemitic for having targeted a restaurant owned by an Israeli-Jewish owner.", "title": "Operations" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vitalis Gruodis (24 March 1921 – 30 December 2011) was a Lithuanian theater actor and director of the first Lithuanian television broadcast. He is the father of director Rimantas Gruodis. Gruodis is responsible for creating around thirty documentaries, as well as a multitude of Soviet-era Lithuanian films and plays for children.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Vitalis Gruodis was born on 24 March 1921 in the village of Tolovka, in the Samara Oblast of Russia. Gruodis' grandparents were deported to Russia because of their participation in the 1863 January Uprising. In 1922 Gruodis and his parents returned to Lithuania, were provided with land, and worked as farmers in the Rokiškis district municipality. From 1939 to 1941 he attended the Šiauliai state drama theater, and upon graduating in 1941, began work as an actor and director. From 1947 to 1954 Gruodis switched to acting and directing in the Lithuanian National Drama Theatre in Vilnius. From 1947 to 1949 Gruodis was the director of the LSSR Writers' Union Literature Foundation. From 1949 to 1951 he was the director of the Lietuva ensemble, the only professional ensemble of dancers and players of traditional instruments in the Baltic States.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1954 Vitalis Gruodis was appointed the director of the Lithuanian committee for radio and television. In 1957, along with fellow actor and friend Anupras Lauciūnas, Gruodis became responsible for directing and launching the first national broadcast on television. In 1957 Gruodis was the director of the first television-broadcast play in Lithuania O vis dėl to ji sukasi. From 1967 to 1970 Gruodis acted as director of Lithuanian Film Studios. After a brief stint of directing radio and television in Ulanbataar from 1983, Gruodis retired from his position in 1990. From 1997 to 2008 Gruodis acted in a total of five films.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Vitalis Gruodis died on 30 December 2011 in Vilnius.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "David Logan was an American politician who served as Kentucky State Treasurer from 1807 to 1808. He was appointed treasurer by governor Christopher Greenup to fill the unexpired term of his father John Logan, who died in office.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Proctor Valley Monster is a folkloric story detailing a cryptid that lurks in Proctor Valley usually sightings tend to link the monster to the Proctor Valley Road that runs right through the valley, Southeast of San Diego County connecting the Chula Vista Neighborhood of Eastlake to Jamul.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The cryptid's appearance is still debated with locals. Accounts vary but 2 of the most agreed upon versions of the creature say it resembles a tall, hairy, Bigfoot like appearance or a \"disarranged cow\" like bovine type. The nearby Bonita Museum & Cultural Center claims to have an unknown humanoid footprint of a creature on display many locals attribute this as concrete evidence of the cryptid.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Proctor Valley Monster has inspired a comic book series produced by Boom! Studios titled \"Proctor Valley Road\" in which the cryptid is blamed for the disappearances of a group of students participating in a Ghost Tour of the road.", "title": "In popular culture" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Bonita Museum & Cultural Center has hosted Film Festivals dedicated to celebrating the Proctor Valley Monster.", "title": "In popular culture" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of Gharyan, which unfolded from April 2019 to August 2019, was a significant conflict during the Second Libyan Civil War. The opposing forces were the Libyan National Army (LNA), led by General Khalifa Haftar, and the Government of National Accord (GNA), headed by Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The offensive commenced on April 4, 2019, with the LNA successfully capturing Gharyan on the first day. Subsequently, on April 8, 2019, reports from Libya Al Ahrar TV, as cited by The Libya Observer, indicated the arrival of a team of French \"military experts\" in Gharyan. These experts reportedly established a control room to monitor the attack on Tripoli, suggesting international involvement in the conflict.", "title": "Initial offensive" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On April 10, the GNA reported launching airstrikes on LNA targets within Gharyan. By April 15, the LNA military information division announced the arrival of \"large reinforcements\" in LNA-controlled Gharyan, signaling preparations for an intensified assault on the capital, Tripoli.", "title": "Escalation and reinforcements" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "By May 13, the GNA declared that Haftar's forces had gained control over both Tripoli airport and Gharyan. However, the GNA air force continued to target these areas. On June 26, the GNA claimed the recapture of Gharyan, citing the deaths of numerous LNA soldiers in the town and the capture of at least 18 others. GNA air force further targeted LNA convoys withdrawing from the area.", "title": "Haftar's advances and GNA counterattacks" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Between August 20 and 29, 2019, the LNA made several attempts to recapture Gharyan. These attempts proved unsuccessful. The former leader of Gharyan operations room of pro-Haftar forces Col. Fawzi Buhrara was captured while hiding in Gharyan during these attempts.", "title": "Ongoing struggle and failed attempts" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On October 7, the GNA had claimed that UAE's drones carried out attacks in Gharyan, south of the capital Tripoli. The UAE denied these claims.", "title": "Ongoing struggle and failed attempts" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gandhi is the working title of an upcoming biographical historical drama television series from Applause Entertainment, about the life and times of Mahatma Gandhi. The series entered production in 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The series' are expected to detail extensive portions of his life, from his early actions in South Africa through to his role as the Father of the Nation.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In May 2022, Applause Entertainment were reported to be working on a biographic multi-series television series on Mahatma Gandhi, with a working title of Ghandi, dubbed \"India's The Crown after they acquired the rights to the Ramachandra Guha biographies Gandhi Before India and Gandhi: The Years That Changed the World.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In July 2022, Hansal Mehta, was named director and showrunner with Siddhartha Basu named as historical consultant, factual advisor and creative consultant.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The series is expected to be produced with a worldwide audience in mind. Filming is expected to take place in Gujarati, Hindi and English for authenticity.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In May 2022, Pratik Gandhi was cast in the lead role. He has previously played Gandhi before in Manoj Shah’s Gujarati play Mohan No Masalo. Speaking about his casting, he was quoted as saying it was “important” and “one of the biggest of my life”, adding that he was “I am very inspired by…his simplicity. I have seen people around me adapt to simplicity and I am most inspired by that.”", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The series entered production in 2023 with filming locations including South Africa, India and the UK.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Founders of Independence Society (Spanish: Sociedad Fundadores de la Independencia), officially the Meritorious Society \"Founders of Independence, Victors on May 2, 1866 and Qualified Defenders of the Homeland\" (Spanish: Benemérita Sociedad Fundadores de la Independencia, Vencedores el 2 de mayo de 1866 y Defensores Calificados de la Patria), is a Peruvian civic-patriotic association headquartered in Lima, the first of its kind in the country.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The society currently brings together its members in activities that worship the memory of the heroes and founding fathers of Peru's independence. The society has the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception as its Protector and Saint Rose of Lima as its Patroness. The company is an entity attached to the Ministry of Defense of Peru.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Once the operations aimed at consolidating the Independence of Peru were concluded, many of the Peruvians who participated in those days were left in the greatest distress, since the fiscal coffers did not have enough money to solve their needs.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A group of ex-combatants formed, among others, by Colonels Casimiro Negrón de la Fuente, José Domingo Espinar, Juan Basilio Cortegana and Canon Juan Sánchez achieved that on September 28, 1857, 140 heroes of independence signed in the Chapter House of the Convent of San Francisco the installation document in which the then Humane Society of the Founders of Independence (Spanish: Sociedad Humanitaria de los Fundadores de la Independencia) is established. The then President of the Republic, Ramon Castilla, was appointed as its President and General Juan Francisco de Vidal as its Active President.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the Peruvian victory at the Battle of Callao, President Mariano Ignacio Prado ordered that the name be extended in order to facilitate the entry of the combattants into the association.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Once the War of the Pacific was over, and Peruvian territory was no longer occupied, new institutions emerged with similar purposes. With the objective of unifying these institutions, by decree of November 2, 1937, all of them were incorporated into the society, adopting the name it has today.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On September 5, 1917, the Congress of Peru, chaired by Juan Pardo y Barreda [es], promulgated Law No. 2432, recognising the society as an official institution; with the right to be represented in civic ceremonies and to occupy, within protocol precedence, a place after the General Commanders of the Armed Institutes.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "After the negotiations with President Augusto B. Leguía, the transfer to the society of the building constructed for the residence of Andrés Avelino Cáceres in 1924 was obtained. The transfer of the property was completed by the month of December and was inaugurated on the occasion of the first centennial of the battle of Ayacucho.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The society currently has a headquarters located on Av. Arequipa, in the Santa Beatriz neighbourhood. The building was originally built to be the residence of Andrés Avelino Cáceres, as well as a museum—the Museo de la Breña—due to his death in 1923, however, the building was transferred to the society.", "title": "Headquarters" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The institutional headquarters is the main location of the society in which solemn sessions are held annually to honour the memory of various national heroes and celebrate commemorative dates. For this purpose, the premises have a solemn session hall adorned with various paintings, busts and statues of the heroes of the history of Peru. President Augusto B. Leguía commissioned Waring & Gillow Ltd. of London to make the furniture, curtains, carpets and decorations for the Session Hall and the President's room at the company's headquarters.", "title": "Headquarters" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The institutional headquarters of the society was declared Cultural heritage of Peru on February 9, 1999.", "title": "Headquarters" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "The following is a list of associates who have served as active presidents of the institution:", "title": "List of presidents" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "", "title": "List of presidents" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Detective Touré is an upcoming Spanish police procedural comedy television series based on the same-titled book series by Jon Arretxe.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Touré, an immigrant from Guinea who settles in San Francisco street in Bilbao, faces challenges and mysteries of various kinds, while using his wit and personality to solve each case that comes his way in the most creative and unexpected way possible.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Filming took place in Bilbao between June 2023 and September 2023.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The following is a list of power transfers between national heads of state, heads of government, prime ministers, and other equivalent positions in the year 2023. All countries which act as de facto sovereign states, per the criteria at List of sovereign states, are included.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tanner Green (born March 3, 1993) is a Canadian professional gridiron football fullback for the Edmonton Elks of the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Following high school, Green did not play football and had work as an industrial painter. After four years away from the game, he joined a recreational team where teammates suggested that he play football in university. Green sent tape to several universities and opted to join the Concordia Stingers of U Sports football, where he played from 2016 to 2017. He played in 12 games where he recorded six carries for 11 yards and one touchdown in addition to one reception for five yards.", "title": "University career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Green was drafted in the fourth round, 32nd overall, by the Edmonton Elks in the 2018 CFL Draft and signed with the team on May 16, 2018. He made his professional debut on July 13, 2018, in the team's win against the Toronto Argonauts. He played in eight regular season games, while also spending time on the practice roster, where he recorded seven special teams tackles. In 2019, he received more playing time on offense, recording three receptions for 33 yards, while also tallying 12 special teams tackles and one forced fumble in 12 games played. He also made his post-season debut as he played in both post-season games and recorded three special teams tackles. He did not play in 2020 due to the cancellation of the 2020 CFL season, but signed a three-year contract extension on December 31, 2020.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "During the 2021 season, Green scored his first career touchdown on November 13, 2021, against the Saskatchewan Roughriders, on a five-yard pass from Taylor Cornelius. He played in 12 regular season games that year where he had two receptions for 11 yards and a touchdown and a career-high 15 special teams tackles. In 2022, Green played in 15 regular season games and recorded four catches for 49 yards and one touchdown and 12 special teams tackles. In 2023, he played in 12 games and had 14 special teams tackles, but finished the year without a reception for the first time since his rookie season. On December 1, 2023, it was announced that Green had signed a two-year contract extension with the Elks.", "title": "Professional career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Francis Henry Buzzacott (1861-1947) was an American hunter, conservationist, army scout, and explorer famous for writing the Hunter's and Trapper's Complete Guide and the Complete American and Canadian Sportsman's Encyclopedia, better known today as Buzzacott's Masterpiece.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "During the Indian Wars of the 1870s, Buzzacott worked as a guide, trapper and frontiersman in the American West. In between expeditions, he found employment as a seal hunter, sailor on a whaleboat, and commercial fisherman. Later in life he became interested in human sexuality, and published a scientific study of bisexuality and human hermaphrodites in 1914.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "As an explorer and guide with over 40 years' experience, Buzzacott participated in many expeditions during the late Victorian era. These included the British South African Expedition of 1879, Jeannette expedition of 1879–81, Lady Franklin Bay Expedition of 1881–84, and the Walter Wellman Polar Expedition of 1906. He was also a member of the American Geological Society, National Rifle Association, and the National Geographic Association.", "title": "Expeditions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 1885 to 1898, Buzzacott enlisted in the American army as a scout. He saw action in the Spanish-American War and Philippine–American War. He became a supporter of the temperance movement after witnessing the effects of excessive alcohol consumption on his fellow soldiers. During the 1890s he invented a portable bread oven for the US Army. After leaving the army he was involved with the early Boy Scout movement in America.", "title": "Military service" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Wisconsin Badgers football team will represent the University of Wisconsin–Madison as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Badgers are led by second-year head coach Luke Fickell and will play home games at Camp Randall Stadium located in Madison, Wisconsin.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, Los Angeles, California", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "at SHI Stadium, Piscataway, New Jersey", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "at Ryan Field, Evanston, Illinois", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "at Kinnick Stadium, Iowa City, Iowa", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "at Memorial Stadium, Lincoln, Nebraska", "title": "Game summaries" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "at Camp Randall Stadium, Madison, Wisconsin", "title": "Game summaries" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yesterday I Heard The Rain is an album by American singer Tony Bennett, released on July 22, 1968 on Columbia as CS 9678. it includes the singles \"A Fool of Fools\" and the title track, \"Yesterday I Heard The Rain\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Billboard described it as \"He has never sounded better. An exceptional package of ballad material, that ranges from \"Love Is Here to Stay\" fo his most recent singles \"Yesterday, I Heard the Rain.\" A lesser known Gershwin effort \"Hi -Ho\" is a stand- out\".", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Blackrock Town Hall, Library and Technical Institute (Irish: Halla an Bhaile, Leabharlann agus Institiúid Theicniúil An Charraig Dhubh), is a municipal complex in Main Road, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland. The complex consists of a series of buildings formerly known individually as Blackrock Town Hall, Blackrock Library and Blackrock Technical Institute, but now accommodates the Blackrock Further Education Institute as well as an enlarged public library.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After significant population growth, largely associated with its development as a residential suburb of Dublin, the township of Blackrock appointed town commissioners in 1863. The town commissioners decided to erect a town hall at an early stage: the site they selected was on the north side of Main Street. The building was designed in the neoclassical style, built in ashlar stone at a cost of £3,500 and was completed in 1865. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of five bays facing onto Main Street. The central bay, which was slightly projected forward, featured a round headed opening flanked by pairs of Ionic order pilasters supporting a cornice. The other bays on the ground floor were fenestrated with round headed windows installed within recesses, while the first floor was fenestrated by sash windows with architraves and segmental pediments supported by brackets. At roof level, there were prominent eaves supported by brackets, and an open pediment in the central bay with a clock in the tympanum.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The local Presbyterian Church, which had established its local congregation in 1895, met in the town hall until St. Andrew's Church on Mount Merrion Avenue was completed in 1899. In 1899, the town commissioners were replaced by an urban district council, with the town hall becoming the offices of the new council. During her visit to Dublin in April 1900, the route taken by Queen Victoria's carriage took her past the town hall on her journey from Kingstown, now Dún Laoghaire, to central Dublin.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the early 20th century, following a consultation, the new council decided to extend the building to the southeast with the creation of a library, financed by a grant of £3,000 from the Scottish-American philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie, and with the creation of a new Technical Institute. The site was donated by the member of parliament, William Field.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The library, at the centre of the extended frontage, was slightly projected forward and was more elaborate than the town hall, with an ornate open pediment above the front door, full-height pilasters flanking each of the bays, panels containing swags above the first floor windows, and a long balustraded parapet at roof level, broken by a round-headed pediment above the central bay. Conversely, the technical institute, on the right of the extended frontage, exactly mirrored the style of the town hall, on the left of the extended frontage. The extension was carried out by a local contractor, C. T. Jolley, to a design by George Luke O'Connor.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The town hall continued to be an important venue for public events: in August 1927, the Irish republican and leader of Fianna Fáil, Éamon de Valera, gave a speech in the town hall on his intention \"to broaden and widen the Free State Assembly\". It ceased to be the local seat of government in 1930 when Blackrock became part of the borough of Dún Laoghaire. In the 1950s, a Basque-Irish language activists, Deasún and Lucy Bhreatnach, established an Irish language school (gaelscoil) in the town hall. By the early 1970s, the town hall was becoming dilapidated: it served as the home of Dublin City Ballet and the Irish National College of Dance from 1982 to 1988.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In the early 21st century, a major programme of refurbishment works, involving the remodelling of much of the interior of the complex to accommodate the Blackrock Further Education Institute, was initiated and financed by the Department of Education. The works, which cost €9.5 million, were carried out by Collen Construction to a design by architects, McCollough Mulvin, and the completed building was handed over by the Tánaiste, Eamon Gilmore, in May 2014.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Omar Baroud (born 1991/1992) is a Dutch actor and writer based in London. He is known for his theatre work and his role in the Star series Wedding Season (2022).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Baroud was born in Lelystad, Netherlands to a Curaçaoan mother and a Lebanese father and spent some of his childhood on the island of Curaçao. Baroud moved to England at age 14, where he attended the ACS International School in Cobham. He studied Political Science at university, before going on to train at the Central School of Speech and Drama, graduating in 2016 with a Master of Arts in Acting.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After graduating from drama school, Baroud appeared in the 2017 productions of Fennel-Spiked Lamb at the Bunker, All Places That the Eye of Heaven Visits alongside Mark Rylance, The Last Ones at Jermyn Street Theatre, and Irvine Welsh's Creatives for the Edinburgh Fringe Festival. This was followed by his television debut in an episode of the 2018 Netflix series The Innocents and a role in Shirleymander at the Playground Theatre. In 2019, Baroud had a recurring role as Ron in the first series of the BBC One drama Baptiste and was an understudy for A Song at Twilight at the Theatre Royal in Bath. In 2021, he appeared in As You Like It at the Watermill Theatre and returned to the Edinburgh Fringe for You Bury Me.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, Baroud took over the role of Cliff Bradshaw in the West End production of Cabaret at the Playhouse Theatre and had his first main television role as Jackson in the series Wedding Season, made for the Star platform on Disney+. After winning the 2021 MTI Stiles + Drewe Mentorship Award, Baroud made his writing debut with the musical After Elijah, which he presented in July 2022 at The Other Palace. The production was directed by Matthew Xia with musical direction by Flynn Sturgeon, and the cast included Sharif Afifi, Parisa Shahmir, Nick Carter, Jodie Jacobs, Stephen Rahman-Hughes and Lanna Joffrey.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "John J. Dixon is an American football cornerback for the Penn State Nittany Lions. He previously played for the South Carolina Gamecocks.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dixon attended George D. Chamberlain High School in Tampa, Florida. He committed to the University of South Carolina to play college football.", "title": "High school career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Dixon played at South Carolina in 2010 and 2020. In two seasons, he had 37 tackles and an interception. Dixon transferred to Penn State University in 2021. In his first season at Penn State, he played in 12 games and had 10 tackles. In 2022, he played in 13 games with six starts and recorded 23 tackles, two interceptions and three sacks. As a senior in 2023, Dixon had 26 tackles, one interception and 4.5 sacks. He was selected to play in the 2024 Senior Bowl.", "title": "College career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Elizabeth Orbeliani (b. 1871 - d. 1942)(Georgian: ელისაბედ ორბელიანი) was a Georgian poet and translator.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1919-1920, Orbeliani was the editor of French and English-language newspapers of the Democratic Republic of Georgia: \"Free Georgia\" and \"Republic of Georgia\" (both in French) and \"Herald of Georgia\" (in English). She produced a French translation of the medieval Georgian poem The Knight in the Panther's Skin, as well as works of classical Georgian authors, such as Alexander Chavchavadze, Grigol Orbeliani, Nikoloz Baratashvili, Vazha Pshavela, and others.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Starting in 1918, at the invitation of the Council of Georgian University Professors, Orbeliani taught French and English courses at what is now the Tbilisi State University, the first full university of independent Georgia.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This article lists orbital and suborbital launches during the first half of the year 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "For all other spaceflight activities, see 2024 in spaceflight. For launches in the second half of 2024, see List of spaceflight launches in July–December 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lola, the Movie (Spanish: Lola, la película) is a 2007 Spanish biographical drama film directed by Miguel Hermoso from a screenplay by Antonio Onetti [es] which stars Gala Évora as the title character.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Starting in 1931 in Jerez de la Frontera and ending in Madrid in 1958, the plot follows the life of young Lola Flores, the launch of her musical career as a dancer-singer in association with Manolo Caracol, and her love relations and attempts to create a family.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The film is an Ensueño Films and Prodigius Audiovisual production.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film opened the 10th Málaga Film Festival on 9 March 2007. Distributed by DeAPlaneta, it was released theatrically in Spain on 16 March 2007.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Jonathan Holland of Variety wrote that the film \"looks and sounds fine but remains happily hagiographic\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Mirito Torreiro of Fotogramas rated the film 3 out of 5 stars, highlighting the way Évora takes over Lola Flores' character as the film's hallmark, while negatively citing the beginning of the film which may have been cut.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Chala (Bulgarian: Чала) is a village in southern Bulgaria. It has a population of 108 as of 2022.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Chala is located in the southwestern part of Smolyan Province and has a territory of 12.185 km. It is part of Borino Municipality. The closest settlements are the villages of Borino to the north, Yagodina to the east, Buynovo to the south and Zmeitsa to the west. The village is situated in the western part of the Rhodope Mountains in the valley of the river Vacha. Landmarks in its vicinity include Yagodinska Cave and Buynovo Gorge.", "title": "Geography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Capture of Baghdad by Egyptian Sultan Barquq and Jalayirid Sultan Ahmad Jalayir. The city was taken without resistance in 1394.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1393, Timur renewed war with Ahmad. Near the end of August, he arrived in Baghdad, where Ahmad was residing. Deciding that defending the city was impossible, Ahmad fled and traveled to Egyptian-held Syria, and was granted asylum by Sultan Barquq.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Barquq received the Jalayirid Sultan, Ahmad, with senior Egyptian statesmen. The first time the Jalayirid Sultan saw the Sultan of Egypt, Barquq, wanted to kiss Sultan Barquq’s hand, but Barquq prevented him, hugged him, welcomed him, and gave him a lot of money, gold, concubines, and Egyptian forces under his command, and he was very generous to him that Sultan Ahmad was astonished by this great Egyptian generosity.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Days after this reception, many Mongol messengers brought with them a letter from their king, Timur, requesting the handover of the Jalayirid Sultan. Sultan Barquq replied to them:", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "\"How is it permissible, in the law of chivalry and loyalty, to handover our guest? And our lodger and the one who took refuge with us? Handing over Al-Qan Ahmad is impossible.”", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After that, the Egyptian Sultan prepared the entire Egyptian army and left at the head of the Egyptian army with the Jalayirid Sultan, heading to the Levant to fight Timur, king of the Mongols. As they entered the Levant, news came that Timur had fled with his forces as he heard about the arrival of the Egyptian army.", "title": "Capture" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Sultan Barquq ordered the Jalayirid Sultan Ahmad to go back to Baghdad and wrote for him a letter to be the Sultan of Baghdad. He gave him five hundred thousand dirhams and a lot of horses, camels, and cloth, and provided him with an Egyptian military force supporting him. When saying goodbye, the Jalayirid Sultan wanted to bow and kiss the ground at the feet of Sultan Barquq, but Sultan Barquq did not allow him out of respect and reverence for him, he stood up and hugged him and bid him farewell, then they separated.", "title": "Capture" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Smalyany (Belarusian: Смальяны, romanized: Smaĺjany; Russian: Смольяны, romanized: Smolyany) is an agrotown in Orsha District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Smalyany selsoviet. It is situated 24 kilometres (15 mi) west-northwest of Orsha.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, Russian troops led by Peter Wittgenstein defeated French forces at the Battle of Smoliani.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1926, 950 Jews lived in the settlement, just over half of the total population. During the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the settlement was captured by German forces of Army Group Centre on 9 July 1941. The Germans established a ghetto [ru], possibly during the fall of 1941; the ghetto was disestablished on 5 April 1942 before a mass shooting of Jews took place. The Soviet Extraordinary State Commission (ChGK) estimated the number of victims to be 610, with a list compiled by the ChGK containing the names of 254 Jews.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Radhika Preeti (born 20 January 1997) is an Indian actress, known for Embiran (2019), Raja Loves Radhe (2018), and Adi Oka Idile.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of the nearest supergiant stars (luminosity class Ia, Iab or Ib) to Earth, located at a distance of up to 1,100 light-years (340 parsecs) from Earth.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Some of the brightest stars in the night sky, such as Rigel and Antares, are on the list.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Myiomima sarcophagina is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Brazil.", "title": "Distribution" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Gage Golf and Curling Club (French: Club de Golf et Curling Gage) is a golf and curling club located at CFB Gagetown in Oromocto, New Brunswick.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The golf club was built in 1950 and was designed by C. E. Robbie Robinson.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2016, the golf course was damaged when someone drove onto the course, leaving behind empty beer cans in the process.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The curling club made news in 2020 when it sent a team to the Brier, the Scotties Tournament of Hearts and an junior mixed doubles event in Sweden.", "title": "Provincial champions (curling)" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Winners of the New Brunswick Tankard:", "title": "Provincial champions (curling)" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "* No Tankard held that year due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick. Team selected to represent New Brunswick at the Brier.", "title": "Provincial champions (curling)" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Winners of the New Brunswick Scotties Tournament of Hearts:", "title": "Provincial champions (curling)" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The club won the Canadian Curling Club Championships in 2023, when Abby Burgess and her rink of Brooke Tracy, Samantha Crook and Hannah Williams won the women's event.", "title": "Provincial champions (curling)" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The South Africa national under-15 football team, is a youth football (soccer) team, which represents South Africa and is controlled by the South African Football Association, the governing body for football in South Africa. The team's main objectives is to develop players for the Amajimbos team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The pool of players for the team is identified during the SAFA/FIFA Talent Development Scheme (TDS) Tournament and the National Schools Championships.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Their first official match was held on 12 December 2023 against Ivory Coast, which they lost 4–2.Their second match was held on the 17th of December 2023 against Morocco, which they won 3-1.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The following players were called up for the matches against Morocco under-15 and Ivory Coast under-15 on 12 and 17 December 2023, respectively.", "title": "Current players" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "", "title": "Current players" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 Mableton mayoral election took place on March 21, 2023 with a runoff held on April 18, 2023 as no candidate got 50% of the vote in the general election. Aaron Carman gained the most votes in the first round but lost the runoff to former Cobb County Democratic Committee chair Michael Owens who became the first mayor of Mableton, Georgia in over 100 years. Despite the runoff election being described as \"historic\", only 6,113 votes were cast and voter turnout remained low at 12.9% of about 47,200 voters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mableton had previously been incorporated as a city on August 19, 1912 but was disincorporated four years later when a flood overwhelmed its sewer system. The nonprofit organization South Cobb Alliance started the campaign for Mableton to be incorporated. Mableton was the last of four proposed new cities in Metro Atlanta to be approved; the other three, East Cobb, Lost Mountain and Vinings, all failed to be incorporated as municipalities in referendums. In May 2022, Brentin Mock of Bloomberg News described the city movement in Metro Atlanta as being \"defeated\". Though Mock reported that Mableton was different as it was the only one out of the four to have a majority non-white population and is assembling around \"principles of diversity, affordability and inclusive voting rights\". Politically, Mableton is in Cobb County whose board of commissioners was majority white and Republican for most of its history, until 2020 when it became majority black and Democrat. According to a preliminary analysis from Cobb County, the incorporation of Mableton would result in a net annual loss of $8 million from the city's budget after accounting for the services that the county would no longer provide for it.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In November 2022, the city was reincorporated in an election with 53% of the vote and a margin of just over 1,700 votes. The majority of no votes were concentrated in the north of Mableton, where household income is higher. Human resources director Mark Sette said it was a \"power grab\" to annex unincorporated areas of north Mableton to \"pay for all of the projects that they want down there [in south Mableton]\". Thousands of people signed a petition to de-annex areas that voted no from the city. Mableton was different in that the supporters of de-annexation were multi-racial and multi-generational while organizers of similar secession movements tended to be mainly older white residents.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Michael Owens stated that he was not against de-annexation but that his focus was on the majority of Mableton residents who wish to be in the city. LaTonia Long and Michael Murphy both opposed de-annexation. Mayoral candidate Aaron Carman said that he supported the people involved in the de-annexation effort but stated that if the de-annexation efforts do not pass, Mableton needed someone that could \"bring the city together\". State representative David Wilkerson submitted two de-annexation bills that would have allowed some areas to de-annex from Mableton but both failed in the Georgia General Assembly. A compromise bill in response to the bills submitted by Wilkerson was drafted by state representatives Terry Cummings and Michael Smith but this also failed as it was not published in time.", "title": "Background" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Birthplace of Charles de Gaulle (French: Maison natale de Charles de Gaulle) is a French museum located in Lille, in the Hauts-de-France, France. Previously, the museum was the home of Charles de Gaulle's maternal grandparents, where he was born in 1890.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Property of the Charles-de-Gaulle Foundation, the house is currently managed by the Departmental Council of Nord. Opened to the public in 1983, it has been classified as a monument historique since 1989 and obtained the Maisons des Illustres label in 2011. Located at 9 rue Princesse, in the Old Lille district, the museum welcomes between 19,000 and 20,000 visitors each year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Repat Armenia Foundation (Armenian: «Վերադարձ Հայաստան» հիմնադրամ), is a non-governmental, non-profit organization dedicated to promoting repatriation to Armenia and supporting the integration of individuals and families into Armenian society.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Founded in August 2012, the organization operates with a full-time staff based in Yerevan, along with a global network of supporters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Repat Armenia was founded in 2012 by 12 like-minded repatriates and diasporans. The organization initially aimed to create an informational platform to provide potential repatriates with practical advice on various aspects of repatriation and integration. Over time, Repat Armenia evolved into an institution with a staff, offering individualized support to those considering repatriation.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Repat Armenia provides a range of services for those considering a move to Armenia. These services include online and offline consultations introducing pre-repatriation programs and opportunities, covering repatriation and integration topics, information resources on moving, living, and working in Armenia, employment assistance, networking events, and a dedicated medical health insurance program for community members.", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Repat Armenia has organized over 20 Imagine Armenia forums in key Armenian Diaspora communities around the world like Boston, Moscow, Kyiv, Toronto, Montreal, Tbilisi, Paris and others. Armenian communities have had an opportunity to learn about the experiences of repatriates, different organizations and businesses that have succeeded in Armenia. During the forums, the audience would learn more about the volunteer and professional opportunities to work and gain experience in Armenia.", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2016, Repat Armenia created an Internet-based platform, which allowed users to quickly find information about the wide array of restaurants, shops and cafes owned by Syrian-Armenians in Yerevan. It also enabled Syrian business owners to broaden their clientele and to develop a better and sustainable client base. Besides basic contact and location information, the profile for each business includes a personal story about the founder and CEO, boosted with photos and/or videos about each in order to really make it a multimedia directory. More than 1000 Syrian-Armenians were engaged in this project.", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The Repat Start Up Mentorship Program assisted innovative individuals who were ready to start a new project that would directly impact the development of Armenia. Participants received one-on-one professional mentorship tailored to their needs, and the program covered the cost of rent at a coworking space for a full year. Additionally, the program provided business, legal and accounting assistance as well as marketing and PR assistance in the form of meet-and-greet events, content on the Repat Armenia website, and interviews with different media outlets, as well as introductory networking with professionals in Armenia and the Diaspora․", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The Repat Armenia Foundation successfully implemented a pilot program “Armenia Works 4U” at the end of 2021 for the professional repatriation of Lebanese Armenians. 80% of those repatriated under this program continued their careers in Armenia. Given the growing interest in repatriation and its exceptional importance for strengthening the Motherland, the program was expanded for Armenians living in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus in spring 2022. The program is currently on hold.", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Repat Armenia's free-of-charge Armenian language courses are designed for recent repatriates' social and professional integration in Armenia. The courses available are:", "title": "Services and programs" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The organization has a community of over 12,000 members, including repatriates and expatriates from various countries, as well as Diasporan Armenians. It receives approximately 1,000 requests for repatriation and integration assistance annually, with applicants spanning a wide range of backgrounds and nationalities.", "title": "Impact" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Since 2021, Repat Armenia has published a comprehensive guide for repatriation, offering practical information and guidance on various aspects of moving to, living in, and working in Armenia. The guide covers topics such as obtaining citizenship and residency, relocating belongings, registering an address, securing a social security number, enrolling in schools, opening bank accounts, obtaining health insurance, and finding accommodation. It is available in English, Russian and French.", "title": "Impact" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Wesley Dual da Rocha (born January 15, 2006) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Barcelona.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dual is nicknamed \"Wes\". He is of Brazilian descent.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Dual has represented Spain internationally at youth level.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Dual mainly operates as a midfielder and has been described as \"more of an interior midfielder but can also play as a pivot when needed and stands out for his dynamism and ability to cover every blade of grass on the pitch. Good at ball recovery, his positioning is also a strong facet\".", "title": "Style of play" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Dual is a native of Lleida, Spain.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Peninsula campaign order of battle includes:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1978 All-Southwest Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Southwest Conference teams for the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. The selectors for the 1978 season included the Southwest conference coaches (the \"Coaches\" team).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Coaches = selected by Southwest Conference coaches", "title": "Key" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "1978 College Football All-America Team", "title": "See also" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This article lists orbital and suborbital launches planned for the second half of the year 2024, including launches planned for 2024 without a specific launch date.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "For all other spaceflight activities, see 2024 in spaceflight. For launches in the first half of 2024, see List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2024.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Charles de Gaulle Foundation (Fondation Charles de Gaulle), previously Institut Charles-de-Gaulle has worked since 1971 to publicize and perpetuate the action of General de Gaulle (1890-1970), leader of Free France at the time of World War II, and President of the French Republic from 1959 to 1969.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The foundation organizes conferences with academics and witnesses of the time, and conferences intended for a less specialized audience.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It publishes the periodical magazine Espoir.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It manages the birthplace of Charles de Gaulle in Lille and the Domaine de la Boisserie, his former residence in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The foundation helped create:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "A specialized library and an archive are available to researchers and students in its research and documentation center.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The electoral campaign for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election of Anies Baswedan, former governor of Jakarta was officially launched on 3 October 2022 after Nasdem Party leader Surya Paloh officially declared Anies Baswedan as their presidential candidate for the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. In September 2023, National Awakening Party (PKB) joined Anies Coalition and endorsed PKB's chairman Muhaimin Iskandar as Anies running mate.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Anies Baswedan was elected the governor of Jakarta, capital of Indonesia, in 2017. In 2018, then-candidates Prabowo Subianto asked Anies to become his running mate for the 2019 presidential election but refused due to his commitment as governor until 2022. Nearing the end of his term, his name came up again as a potential presidential candidate. The incumbent president, Joko Widodo (“Jokowi”) was governor of Jakarta before his candidacy as president in 2014. Anies was once one of the candidates at the Democratic Party convention in 2013, but lost to Dahlan Iskan. In the end the Democratic Party failed to register their nominee for having their seat below the presidential threshold.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In October 2022 after speculations from media outlets, Nasdem officially endorsed Anies Baswedan as their candidate for the 2024 election at their headquarters in jakarta. Chairman of Nasdem Party, Surya Paloh said he chose Anies as he is ‘the best’ candidate. Anies was one of the founders of the National Democrat organisation, the namesake of the Nasdem Party.", "title": "Announcement" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In January 2023, Democratic Party and Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) joined Nasdem to endorse Anies candidacy. Democrat and Anies previously had several meetings regarding his intention to become presidential candidate in late 2022 while PKS is one of the political parties that endorsed Anies during the 2017 Jakarta Gubernatorial election.", "title": "Announcement" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Several politicians have been named by the campaign team as a potential running mate for Anies, including Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (Chairman of Democratic Party), Khofifah Indar Parawansa (Governor of East Java (2019–present)), Yenny Wahid (Politician and daughter of the 4th President of Indonesia Abdurrahman Wahid), Andika Perkasa (former Commander of Indonesian National Armed Forces), Ahmad Heryawan (Governor of West Java (2008-2018)), and Susi Pudjiastuti (entrepreneur and Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia (2014-2019).", "title": "Running mate" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After months of deliberation from Anies inner circle, on 1 September 2023, Anies and Nasdem officially announced Muhaimin Iskandar (Gus Imin) as their vice-president candidate and National Awakening Party (PKB) endorsement for their candidacy at Hotel Majapahit, Surabaya. Previously, PKB was endorsing Prabowo's candidacy with Muhaimin as the leading running mate. After a sudden change in their coalition's name from Great Indonesia Awakening Coalition (KKIR) to Advanced Indonesia Coalition (KIM) the alliance with Prabowo and Gerindra was technically over and PKB withdrew their endorsement.", "title": "Running mate" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The announcement of Muhaimin and PKB sparked controversy within Anies coalition as Democratic Party and PKS were not previously notified by them of Muhaimin's candidacy. The announcement shocked the party. They claimed that Anies was already asking AHY to be his running mate but there was no agreement from Nasdem and Anies as they are still waiting for other potential candidates. Anies and Nasdem claimed that days before the announcement, he admittedly asking the president of Democratic Party, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) to be his running mate, but the Democrats urged Anies and the coalition to announce the candidacy soon due to logistics pressure. After an emergency meeting held at Democratic Party founder Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's house in Cikeas, Bogor Regency, the Democrats announced their withdrawal from Anies coalition. Shortly after, the party joined Prabowo coalition, albeit their effort to offer AHY as Prabowo's candidate failed as Gibran Rakabuming was chosen as his running mate. PKS on the other hand, were disappointed by the sudden announcement of Muhaimin and PKB, but remains committed to the coalition.", "title": "Running mate" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Withdrawn support:", "title": "Coalition parties" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 21 November 2023, Anies and Muhaimin announced the members of AMIN National Campaign Team (Timnas AMIN) to support their campaign during the general campaign period. Air Marshal (Ret.) Muhammad Syaugi Alaydrus was announced as their \"Captain\". Other high level members included former Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Sudirman Said, former Minister of Trade Thomas Lembong, former Corruption Eradication Commission chairman Abraham Samad, former Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia Hamdan Zoelva and many others.", "title": "Campaign team" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Seven Days Battles order of battle includes:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Smysl pro tumor (Sense of Tumour) is a comedy drama television series directed by Tereza Kopáčová. It is an adaptation of Belgian series Gevoel voor Tumor. First 2 episodes were presented at 2023 Serial Killer Festival. It starts broadcast on 7 January 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Story is about young student of medicine Filip who is diagnosed cancer. Disease changes Filip's life and life of his family. The illness will help him to find love, as well as to appreciate his own family, whose members will go through a great test of life.", "title": "Plot" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 UCLA Bruins football team will represent the University of California, Los Angeles in the Big Ten Conference during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bruins are led by seventh-year head coach Chip Kelly and will play their home games at the Rose Bowl located in Pasadena, California.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The 2024 season will be the Bruins first in the Big Ten Conference since departing from the Pac-12 Conference.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Schedule" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Madrasa Jamia Shahbazia or The Bhagalpur Madrasa is an Islamic seminary established during the reign of Jahangir by Shahbaz Muhammad Bhagalpuri, a Sufi saint at the Mullachak Sharif, Bhagalpur district of Bihar.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was started with around 150 students and gained 200 students very soon after its establishment. He established the Shahbazi Masjid beside the Madrasa.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Shah Shuja, the son of Shah Jahan granted the land measuring 500 Bighas in Kahalgaon and 19 Bighas in Bhagalpur. Later, Shah Jahan again granted 200 Bighas in Kahalgaon area.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It runs according to the Dars-e-Nizami and follows the teaching of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, the founder of revivalist Barelvi movement of Sunni Islam.", "title": "Recognitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Shahbazia Library which is under the Madrasa is recognised as a MCPC centre under National Mission for Manuscripts.", "title": "Recognitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vibhuti Thakur (born 8 March 1984) is an Indian actress who mainly works in television serials and web series. She is mostly known for her roles in Bandini (2009), Doli Armaano Ki (2013), Rishton Ka Chakravyuh (2017), Naati Pinky Ki Lambi Love Story (2020), Faltu (2022) and Kyunki... Saas Maa Bahu Beti Hoti Hai (2023).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "She was born on 8th March 1984 in Mumbai. Vibhuti studied from Sri Kalhidhar Mission High School before completing her BSc (Hons) from MVLU College. She is married to Yashpal Thakur.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "She started her career in 2009 by playing a role in Ekta Kapoor's Bandini, starring Ronit Roy. In 2012, she played a role in Devyani, produced by Anuj Saxena. In 2013, she featured in Zee TV drama Doli Armaano Ki, which also featured Neha Marda and Mohit Malik in lead roles. In 2016, Vibhuti appeared in historical fictional drama series Chandra Nandini aired on Star Plus under Balaji Telefilms. In 2017, she played a key role in another Star Plus drama Rishton ka Chakravyuh starring Mahima Makwana, Narayani Shastri and Sangita Ghosh. In 2020, she featured in Colors TV drama Naati Pinky Ki Lambi Love Story. In the same year, she appeared in Tera Yaar Hoon Main, produced by Shashi Mittal and Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal with Sudeep Sahir and Sayantani Ghosh in lead roles.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, Vibhuti played a role in Hindi language drama Faltu, which streamed on Disney+ Hotstar. In the same year, she was roped in for The Trial: Pyaar Kaanoon Dhokha, starring Kajol and produced by Suparn Verma. In 2022, she was also roped in to play a prominent role in Rohit Shetty's television series Indian Police Force, alongside Sidharth Malhotra, Shilpa Shetty and Vivek Oberoi. It is set to be released in 2024 on Amazon Prime Video. In 2023, she featured in Kyunki... Saas Maa Bahu Beti Hoti Hai, starring Manasi Joshi Roy and Navika Kotia.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Battle of Shiloh order of battle includes:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Site isolation is a feature in certain web browsers that allow cross-origin sites to be isolated from each other. The feature was originally proposed by Reis et al. in 2009, with subsequent iterations from Microsoft, in the form of their implementation of the feature in the Gazelle research browser. However, the feature failed to gain traction due to issues surrounding its implementation and performance concerns.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 2018, following the release of the Spectre and Meltdown vulnerabilities to the public, Google started work on adding site isolation in Chrome eventually culminating in a 2019 release of the feature. In 2021, Firefox also launched their own version of site isolation which they had been working on under the codename Project Fission.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Despite the security benefits of this feature, researchers have also found security issues surrounding various aspects of this feature. These include issues with the perceived protection against transient attacks such as Spectre and Meltdown, as well as new timing and resource exhaustion attacks enabled by this feature.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Until 2017, the predominant security architecture of major browsers adhered to the process-per-instance model. This entailed the browser comprising distinct sandboxed processes, including the browser process, GPU process, networking process, and rendering process. The singular rendering process would engage with other privileged services when necessary to execute elevated actions when viewing a web page.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Although this model successfully prevented problems associated with malicious Javascript gaining access to the operating system, it lacked the capability to isolate websites from each other adequately. Despite these concerns, the adoption of a more robust model faced limited traction due to perceived issues with newer models, particularly those related to performance and memory.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2017, the disclosure of Spectre and Meltdown exploits, however, altered this landscape. While previously accessing restricted memory was a relatively involved process requiring a compromised renderer, the Spectre vulnerability made it much easier to access arbitrary memory. This exposed the issues of the process-per-instance security model, as using Javascript, the website could read almost all memory in the rendering process, including memory storing potentially sensitive information from previously rendered cross-origin pages. Consequently, a new security architecture that allowed the separation of the rendering of different web pages into entirely isolated processes was required.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Over the years, multiple versions of the site isolation architecture have been proposed. In 2009, Reis et al. proposed the first version of the process-per-site model to isolate web pages based on the page's web origin. This was subsequently improved upon by the Gazelle research browser, which separated specific document frames based on their web principal, a security barrier that corresponded with the specific document that was being loaded. Around the same time, work was also being done on the OP (which would later become the OP2 browser), IBOS, Tahoma and the SubOS browser all of which proposed different paradigms to solve the issue of process separation amongst sites.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 2019, Google Chrome released a conference paper in USENIX Security 2019 that detailed changes to their existing browser security model in response to the recent research proving that the Spectre attack could be used inside the rendering process of the browser. The paper proposed changes to the model that borrowed heavily from Reis et al.'s work in 2009. Chrome's implementation of site isolation would use web origins as a primary differentiator of a 'site' at a process level. Additionally, the Chrome team also implemented the idea of websites frames being executed out of process, a feature that had been suggested by the Gazelle web browser, as well as the OP and OP2 web browsers. This required a significant re-engineering of Chrome's process handling code, requiring over 4000 commits over a period of 5 years from 320 contributors.", "title": "Modern implementation" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Chrome's implementation of site isolation allowed them to eliminate multiple universal cross-site scripting (uXSS) attacks, which allowed attackers to compromise the same-origin policy. The Chrome team found that all 94 uXSS attacks reported in between 2014 and 2018 would be rendered ineffective by the deployment on Site Isolation. In addition to this, the Chrome team also claimed that their implementation of site isolation would be effective at preventing various variations of the Spectre and Meltdown group of timing attacks that relied on the victim address space being on the same process as the attacker process.", "title": "Modern implementation" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In March 2021, Firefox announced that they would also roll out their implementation of site isolation. This feature had been in development for multiple months under the codename Project Fission. Firefox's implementation iterated on a few of the flaws that had been found in Chrome's implementation namely the fact that similar web pages were still vulnerable to uXSS attacks. Similar to Chrome, the project also required a rewrite of the process handling code in Firefox.", "title": "Modern implementation" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Historically, site isolation has only been implemented by research browsers. This was because the approach was considered to be resource and memory intensive due to duplication in the amount of space taken up per memory process. This was reflected in real world implementations as well. Chrome's implementation of site isolation on average took one to two cores more than the same without site isolation. Additionally, engineers working on the site isolation project observed a 10 to 13 percent increase in memory usage when site isolation was used.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Chrome was the industry's first major web browser to adopt site isolation as a defense against uXSS and transient execution attacks. To do this, they overcame multiple performance and compatibility hurdles, and in doing so, they kickstarted an industry-wide effort to improve browser security. However, despite the exciting achievements of the technology, site isolation is not considered a silver bullet. In particular, site isolation's ability to defend against timing attacks has been found to be incomplete. In 2021, Agarwal et al. were able to develop a exploit, called Spook.js that was able to break Chrome's Spectre defenses and exfiltrate data across web page in different origins. In the same year, researchers at Microsoft, were able to leverage site isolation to perform a variety of timing attacks that allowed them to leak cross-origin information by careful manipulation of the inter-process communication protocols employed by site isolation.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In 2023, researchers at Ruhr University Bochum showed that they were able to leverage the process architecture required by site isolation to exhaust system resources and also perform advanced attacks like DNS poisoning.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Talaiyeh missile (Persian: موشک طلائیه) (full name: Talaiyeh strategic cruise missile system) is an Iranian missile system that has a range of more than 1000 km; and it is a smart missile that can change targets mid-mission.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The mentioned missile has the ability to select the desired targets through the missile itself. This mother system also has a high capability to surprise its targets.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cold Springs is a ghost town in Kiowa County, Oklahoma. The town was 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Roosevelt. It is now in the Great Plains State Park, in the Mountain Park Wildlife Management Area Site 2.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cold Springs was established in the valley of Otter Creek a bit after the creation of the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Indian Reservation by lottery in 1901. The area was fertile, with a surplus of water. It was near the recently built Frisco Railroad. For a minor amount of time, two towns, North Cold Springs and South Cold Springs, existed adjacent to each other. North Cold Springs stopped existing, and South Cold Springs loaded the depot of its twin town and added it to their town. North Cold Springs was later recognized as a health and recreation area. A sizable hotel was built, and trains from Hobart brought hundreds of visitors to the town, now seen a resort of sorts. As of 1915 the town also had a lumberyard, dry goods store, butcher, blacksmith shop, filling station, four general stores, a cotton gin, telephone exchange, and later a cheese factory. Near South Cold Springs, several granite quarries were built. These quarries would send granite to several parts of the nation. Polishing plants were also opened near Cold Springs, and they would polish some of the granite. The town was never big, despite it being considered a resort town. Cold Springs slowly lost its populous and businesses in the 1930s. Less than 50 people were living in the town by then.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Historial Charles de Gaulle is a French museum located in the Hôtel national des Invalides in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. The Historial aims to present the history of the man of June 18, 1940, General Charles de Gaulle.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The absence of a place of Gaullian memory in the capital led the President of the Republic, Jacques Chirac, to launch on November 9, 2004 the project of a Historial in Les Invalides, in connection with the Army Museum. The Hôtel des Invalides was chosen for its prestige, its importance in the History of France, its geography but above all for the available space.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Historial is part of the modernization program of the Army Museum: ATHENA (Armes, Techniques, Histoire, Emblématique, Nation, Armée) from 2003 to 2009. This program aims to transform the museum from an object into History Museum, drawing on three emblematic figures from the collections: Louis XIV, Napoleon Ier and Charles de Gaulle.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Museum already has a section in its tour dedicated to the General, but only on his role during the World War II. The creation of the Historial gives a new dimension with a space totally dedicated to Charles de Gaulle, well beyond the world conflict.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The project was launched a year later, on November 9, 2005, the 35th anniversary of the death of Charles de Gaulle. Project management is carried out by the Army Museum and the de Gaulle Foundation, under the supervision of the Ministry of the Armed Forces. As for the realization, it is entrusted to the architects Alain Moatti and Henri Rivière who were selected from several candidates for their proposal to combine contemporary architecture with that of the 17th century3.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "To build the Historial, major work was necessary: digging 12 meters deep under one of the courtyards of the Hôtel des Invalides. During the work, workers discovered remains of a German bunker dating from the Occupation during the World War II. Bunker which had to be destroyed “man-made” in order not to weaken the structure of the surrounding buildings.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On February 22, 2008, the President of the Republic Nicolas Sarkozy inaugurated the Historial Charles de Gaulle, which officially opened its doors the next day.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The project cost around 18 million euros.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Buynovo is a Bulgarian toponym that may refer to the following places:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Theatre Square (Spanish: Plazuela del Teatro) is a public square located next to the Teatro Segura in the second block of Jirón Huancavelica, part of the historic centre of Lima, Peru.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The second block of the current jirón Huancavelica was the location of one of the busiest comedy corrals in Lima since 1614. It was built in front of the 'false door' of the convent of San Agustín and would become the main centre of theatrical activity in the city.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It was after the independence of Peru when a small square was opened with the purpose of enhancing the façade of the Teatro Principal, in whose vicinity a growing audience gathered. In 1822, José de San Martín asked the community of San Agustín to donate land to build the plaza. Shortly after, the supreme delegate, José Bernardo de Tagle y Portocarrero, ordered the arrangement of an elongated space that would serve as a public walk. It was initially called September 7 Square, in memory of the landing of the Liberating Expedition in Paracas and the abandonment of Lima by the royalist troops. For this reason, the first stone of a future monument to San Martín was also placed there, which never came to fruition.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "With the passage of time, this space would end up being called Plazuela del Teatro or Plazuela de la Comedia. Starting in 1846, it acquired a new appearance when the Portal de San Agustín was built in front of the theater coliseum. This configuration has essentially been maintained over time, even after the modernization of the square in the 1960s.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the mid-19th century, the city of Lima experienced a proliferation of hotels and inns. One of the main ones was the Hotel del Universo, located in the Portal de San Agustin located in the Plazuela del Teatro, owned by the French citizen Estanislao Courtheoux. According to the chronicle of Manuel Atanasio Fuentes, in the hotel there was no food or coffee service, only furnished rooms. It was in one of these rented apartments on the upper floors of the Hotel del Universo that the National Club was initially established on October 19, 1855. Likewise, during the period of the Peruvian civil war of 1894-1895 that faced Nicolás de Piérola With Cacerist troops, Piérola established his headquarters in the Plazuela del Teatro, four blocks from the Plaza de Armas.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The Monument to César Vallejo is a bronze monument of famous Peruvian poet and writer, César Vallejo. The statue is the work of artist Miguel Baca Rossi, from Chiclayo, and was inaugurated on April 15, 1983.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of Antietam order of battle (or the Battle of Sharpsburg order of battle) includes:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Total Express is a Brazilian cargo airline based in Barueri. It was established in 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Total Express Linhas Aéreas was founded in 2023. On November 28, 2023 it acquired an active AOC and commenced operations.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Total Express fleet consists of the following aircraft (as of December 2023):", "title": "Fleet" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Maris Curran is an American filmmaker. She is best known for directing the films Five Nights in Maine and Jeannette.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Maris earned her BA from Smith College and an MFA from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. She participated in the Whitney Independent Study Program at the Whitney Museum of American Art and won a Fulbright Scholarship to Mexico City. In 2015, she directed her debut feature film, Five Nights in Maine, starring David Oyelowo, Teyonah Parris, Rosie Perez and Dianne Wiest, which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically. In 2016, she directed the documentary short, The Man Is the Music, about the artist and musician Lonnie Holley. In 2018, her short documentary film, While I Yet Live, about five quilters and freedom fighters from Gee's Bend, Alabama premiered at the Berlinale.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2022, Maris directed the feature documentary, Jeannette, about Jeannette Feliciano, a survivor of the Orlando Pulse nightclub massacre. The film provides an intimate window into the aftermath of trauma. She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2023.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Tuireamh na hÉireann\" ([ˈt̪ˠɪɾʲ.avˠ nˠə ˈheːɾʲ.ən̪ˠ], \"Lament for Ireland\"), also called \"Aiste Sheáin Uí Chonaill\" (\"Seán Ó Conaill's Essay\") is an Irish-language poem of the mid-17th century. The poem gives a history of Ireland from the Great Flood to the Cromwellian war. Its composition is dated to 1655–59, and it was written by Seán Ó Conaill (c.1675–c.1725) of the Iveragh Peninsula, a dependent of MacCarthy Mór.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Piaras Béaslaí considered \"Tuireamh na hÉireann\" to be an inferior imitation of \"An Síogaí Rómhánach.\"", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The poem refers to the Cromwellian conquest as ‘an cogadh do chríochnaigh Éire’ (the war that finished Ireland).", "title": "Text" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On \"Tuireamh na hÉireann,\" Vincent Morley wrote that it was \"arguably one of the most important works ever written in Ireland. Composed in simple metre, easily understandable and capable of being learned by heart, this poem supplied an understanding of Irish history for the Catholic majority (monoglot speakers of Irish who could neither read nor write for the next two hundred years).\" It was significantly shorter and easier to understand than Foras Feasa ar Éirinn (c. 1634). In the mid-18th century, Fr Francis O'Sullivan noted that the poem was \"repeated and kept in memory on account of the great knowledge of antiquity comprehended in it.\"", "title": "Legacy" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The first English translation was published by Michael Clarke (1750–1847) in 1827.", "title": "Translation" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Cecile O’Rahilly translated it Five Seventeenth Century Political Poems (1946).", "title": "Translation" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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