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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama is the principal Sunni-Shafi'i Muslim scholarly body in Kerala. The council administers Shafi'ite mosques, institutes of higher religious learning (the equivalent of north Indian madrasas) and madrasas (institutions where children receive basic Islamic education) in india.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A forty-member 'mushawara' is the high command body of the Sunni council. As of 2020 the president was Sayed Jifri Muthukkoya Thangal.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cinnabarinus is a subgenus of fungi in the genus Cantharellus.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This subgenus has mainly small species with orange, pink or red tint. They have thin-walled hyphal ends at the cap surface.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The subgenus was established in 2013 based on phylogenetic analysis with Cantharellus cinnabarinus designated as the type species,", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Accepted species:", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 Liga 3 West Kalimantan is the seventh season of Liga 3 West Kalimantan organized by Asprov PSSI West Kalimantan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This competition was attended by 14 clubs. The winner of this competition will advance to the national phase.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Gabsis are the defending champion after winning it in the 2021 season.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "2023 Liga 3 West Kalimantan was attended by 14 teams.", "title": "Teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "Group stage" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Group stage" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "Group stage" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "", "title": "Group stage" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Trachyaretaon negrosanon is a stick insects species from the family Heteropterygidae native to Negros.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In habit the species corresponds to typical representatives of the Obrimini, but shows very characteristic features in both sexes. The females have a mossy green-brown overall color and reach a length of around 72 to 80 millimetres (2.8 to 3.1 in). Unique is a bright greenish-white spot located on the fourth tergite of the abdomen, which is wider at the base and narrows towards the posterior edge of the tergite. Rarely there is a small spot on the fifth tergite. The secondary ovipositor is formed dorsally from the the supraanal plate (epiproct), which is laterally straight and about 1.8 times longer than the anal segment. Longitudinally it is weakly pointed and gradually tapers to a bluntly rounded to weakly notched tip. The ventral subgenital plate of the ovopositor is long, lanceolate and clearly keeled in the basal half. It is pointed and overhangs the tip of the epiproct.", "title": "Characteristics" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The males are around 45 to 55 millimetres (1.8 to 2.2 in) long. The black colored sternites two to seven of the abdomen are characteristic of them. This coloring otherwise only occurs in the males of the much larger Trachyaretaon tumandok. Adulte males of Trachyaretaon negrosanon have less green coloring than the females. Light to medium brown tones usually dominate. An often yellow-brown, rarely greenish longitudinal line runs over the meso- and metanotum and, more indistinctly, over the first six abdominal segments. On the abdomen it is flanked by dark brown to almost black spots on these tergites. The underside is characterized by a longitudinal keel, which is very clearly visible on the mesosternum and metasternum and less clearly on the sternites of the abdomen.", "title": "Characteristics" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "As with all Obrimini, the eggs, which are 4.5 to 4.6 millimetres (0.18 to 0.18 in) mm long, 2.2 to 2.3 millimetres (0.087 to 0.091 in) mm wide and 2.5 to 2.6 millimetres (0.098 to 0.102 in) high, are laid in the ground using the laying spine at the end of the abdomen (ovipositor) deposited at a depth of only 1 to 2 centimetres (0.39 to 0.79 in). Their shell is mostly grey-brown. The upper quarter and operculum are dark gray to black and densely covered with short bristles. The micropylar plate has three wings, like in most Obrimini. The poterolateral wings are arched below and then strongly drawn upwards. Such upwardly curved side wings are otherwise only known from Trachyaretaon mangyan and Trachyaretaon tumandok. The micropyle lies in a notch in the lower middle wing. The nymphs hatch from the eggs after about three months. The almost white abdominal spot typical of the adult females can already be clearly seen on the otherwise bright green L1 nymphs. It still occurs here in both genders. The body surface of the younger nymphal stages is significantly spinier than that of the imagines. On the sides and middle of their abdominal segments there are large, triangular lobes that extend backwards. Males need five months and females around six months to become adults. Another five to six weeks later they begin laying eggs.", "title": "Way of life and reproduction" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In May 2008, Jeffebeck Arimas collected animals initially called as Trachyaretaon sp. 'Negros'. According to genetic analysis by Sarah Bank et al. published in 2021, this species does not belong to Trachyaretaon. It is more closely related to Sungaya. As early as 2011, an accidental hybridization occurred, with Sungaya aeta. The two female hybrids showed a combination of the white abdominal spot typical of Trachyaretaon negrosanon and the white bands on the femurs that occur in Sungaya aeta. They grew into adults but did not produce any eggs. Frank H. Hennemann described the species as Trachyaretaon negrosanon in 2023. The specific name is dedicated to the cultural group of the Negrosano, which stands for Negrenses in Cebuano language. This group is native to the provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental in Negros and on the island of Siquijor. A female collected by Arimas from Mount Kanlaon is deposited as holotype in the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels. Another eight females and nine males bred by Joachim Bresseel are also deposited in Brussels as paratypes. Other paratypes from Hennemann's breeding are deposited in his collection. These are 20 females, 29 males and 50 eggs. Trachyaretaon negrosanon is morphologicaly very similar to Trachyaretaon tumandok, wich is native to Panay and is presumably most closely related to it.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The first representatives of this species found their way into the terrariums of enthusiasts in 2008/2009. Eggs from specimens collected by Arimas in May 2008 in Negros Occidental Province were incubated by Bruno Kneubühler in Switzerland. The species was introduced to Europe for the first time in 2009 and named Trachyaretaon sp. 'Negros' distributed.", "title": "In terraristics" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Trachyaretaon negrosanon is easy to feed in the terrarium with the leaves of bramble, hazel, rhododendrons, ivy or beech. To enable egg laying, the bottom of the terrarium should be covered a few centimeters high with a slightly moist substrate of soil.", "title": "In terraristics" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nucrem is an Argentinean candy bar, created in 2009 by the confectionery company Georgalos. It is a sweet peanut butter bar, derived from traditional Eastern Mediterranean and Near East known as halva.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The company, founded in 1939 by Greek immigrant Miguel Nomikos Georgalos originally called La Greco-Argentina, was the original creator of the classic candy Mantecol, but it was forced to sell off the brand to Cadbury during the December 2001 crisis, through a leveraged buyout contract which included a clause that prohibited the manufacturing of similar products during a period of eight years.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Once the clause period finished, Georgalos launched “Nucrem”, claiming to use the original recipe for Mantecol, which was modified by Cadbury's. Unlike Mantecol, Nucrem claims to be composed by 0% trans fat, and a chocolate covered variety exists as well as a sugarless one.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "According to packaging, Nucrem is composed mainly of peanut butter, honey and sunflower oil. It is certified as gluten-free and kosher.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2022 Georgalos re-acquired the \"Mantecol\" brand, however production of Nucrem continued with the original recipe while Mantecol maintained Cadbury's formula.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Laura Verdonschot (born 4 December 1996) is a Belgian professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Cyclo-cross Team De Ceuster–Bonache.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1974 All-Southwest Conference football team consists of American football players chosen, at each position, as the best players in the Southwest Conference during the 1974 NCAA Division I football season. The selectors for the 1974 season included the Associated Press (AP) and the United Press International (UPI).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "AP = Associated Press", "title": "Key" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "UPI = United Press International", "title": "Key" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Bold = Consensus first-team selection of both the AP and UPI", "title": "Key" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Steam Lighter Clarence was a ship built in 1869. It was being operated by the New York and New Jersey Steamship Company when it wrecked off the coast of Brooklyn, New York in a storm on January 26, 1905.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 SAFF U-19 Championship is the 6th edition of the SAFF U-19 Championship, an international football competition for men's under-19 national teams organized by South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). It will take place from September 2025 in Kathmandu, Nepal.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "India are the defending champions, who won their second title in 2022 by defeating Bangladesh in the final on 5 August 2022.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Judeo-Roman (Italian: Giudaico-Romanesco) is the only still living dialect of the Judeo-Italian languages, historically used by the Jews living in Rome. It is spoken by 250 people, most of whom live in Italy. The language is on the decline and most of its remaining speakers are elderly. But an effort to save the language exists.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Judeo-Roman, like other Jewish languages, emerged due to the Jews of Rome being isolated in the Rome Ghetto, on order of the Pope. The language declined as Jews were emancipated and Roman Jews switched to the Roman dialect of Italian.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Younger Italian Jews are attempting to preserve the language.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Judeo-Roman has at least 360 Hebrew words and phrases in it. Many of these were used to conceal what user were saying from Christians. examples include:", "title": "Vocabulary" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Judeo-Italian has several letter shifts that differentiate it from standard Italian these include:", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "E to I (ex. Detto to Ditto)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "I to E (ex. Quelli to Quella)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "L to R (ex. Quarcuno to Qualcuno)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It also contains several vowel shifts and other changes:", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Loss of intial volwels (opure to pure)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Loss of final consonant (con to co')", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Contractions (ditte to dir ti)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Archaisms (di te to d'oo ti)", "title": "Grammar" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "A theater group called Chaimme 'a sore 'o sediaro e 'a moje (Chaim, the sister, the chairmaker and the wife) makes plays in Judeo-Roman.", "title": "In media" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "There is a collection of poems written by Crescenzo del Monte from 1908 and republished in 2007 in Judeo Roman. These works include The sonnets of Crescenzo del Monte.", "title": "In media" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Several Youtube videos have been posted in Judeo-Roman.", "title": "In media" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The UJ-25 Skyline is a jet-powered loitering munition in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The UJ-25 is a weaponized version of the Ukrjet UJ-23 Topaz target drone. Both aircraft have missile-like main bodies, forward-swept wings, V-tail configurations, and top-mounted air intakes at the rear of the fuselage feeding into a turbojet engine; the UJ-25 differs outwardly only by having forward canards. Although the Skyline's specifications are not known, the Topaz has a cruise speed of 600 km/h (370 mph), a top speed of 800 km/h (500 mph), endurance of 90 minutes, and a combat radius of 400 km (250 mi) with a payload weight of 10 kg (22 lb) and is guided either by manual control link or by following a preprogrammed route. As a one-way kamikaze drone, the UJ-25 could have a strike range of around 800 km (500 mi), long enough to reach Moscow. Its jet propulsion makes it harder to counter than piston engine Shahed-136 drones used by Russia, as its faster speed combined with relatively small size and low-observable characteristics reduces the reaction time for air defenses to attempt to intercept it.", "title": "Design" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The UJ-25 was first shown publicly in September 2023 in the background of a CNN interview about drone warfare during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Its first known combat use was on 22 December 2023 when one crashed into the roof of a house and failed to detonate in the Russian-occupied Ukrainian city of Berdyansk in eastern Zaporozhye Oblast.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jewel is an English primarily feminine given name often given in reference to the English vocabulary word meaning gemstone. The word jewel comes from the Old French word jouel, meaning toy or delight and was ultimately derived from the Latin term jocus, meaning joke. The name might have originated as an affectionate pet name or been inspired by other gemstone names also in fashion in the Anglosphere during the 19th century.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Inderjeet Singh (26 January 1926 – 22 December 2023), also known as Imroz, was an Indian visual artist and poet. He was the partner of the poet, novelist, and feminist writer Amrita Pritam, and they lived together until Amrita's death in 2005. He ran a monthly literary magazine Nagmani along with Amrita for 33 years.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Inderjeet Singh was born in 1926 at Chak number 36 in Lyallpur of undivided Punjab.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His journey from Inderjeet to Imorz was started when Amrita Pritam came into his life as an independent women. He loved her so much that Amrita wrote many couplets dedicated to him. Although the love story of Amrita and Sahir Ludhianvi was famous at that time. Both were open about their love towards each other. Sahir was a famous poet and lyricist in Hindi Cinema. He never lived with her. He was too busy in his professional and personal life. A new women singer Sudha Malhotra came into Sahir's life and Amrita was in disunion. At the same time, Inderjeet was working as an illustrator for Amrita. She found a solace and companionship in Inderjeet Imroz. She lived with Imroz her last 40 years until she died in October 2005. She became the subject of his paintings. His love for Amrita soon became an admiration for the people. A book titled Amrita Imroz: A Love Story written by Uma Trilok was solely based on Imroz and Amrita's love story.", "title": "Birth as Imroz" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Amrita's last literary work came in 2004 titled \"Main tainu pher milangi\" (I Will Meet You Again) was for Imroz. She wrote and admired how Imroz loved her in the same way as she loved Sahir Ludhianvi. With a strong belief that she will be back, in a nazm for Imroz in 2004, she wrote, “Main tainu pher milangi, Kithe… kis tarah… pata nahi… par tainu zaroor milangi…(I will meet you again… Where.. How?… I know not.. but I will meet you again).”", "title": "Birth as Imroz" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After Amrita started getting sick, Imroz started composing poems, and he continued to do so even after she died. Several of his poems were dedicated to her. He wrote poems for Amrita in all four of his poetry volumes. These include \"Jashan Jaari Hai\", \"Manchaaha Hi Rishta\", and \"Rang Tere Mere\", for which he received recognition. \"Kabhi kabhi khoobsurat khyaal, khoobsurat badan bhi akhtiyaar kar lete hain,\" Imroz wrote in a nazm titled \"Amrita\", beautiful bodies can sometimes be shaped by beautiful thoughts.", "title": "Birth as Imroz" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Boy Negro is a 1988 Philippine biographical action film directed by Pepe Marcos. The film stars Phillip Salvador in the title role. The film is based on the life of Arsenio Cayanan as told by the late crime columnist Max Buan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A sequel Anak ni Boy Negro was released in 1997.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of protected areas of the Republic of the Congo.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vikram Kochhar is an Indian actor known for his works in television and Hindi cinema. Kochchar graduated with arts degree from National School of Drama in 2009. Kochhar is known for his works in hits such as Matru Ki Bijlee Ka Mandola (2013), Ghanchakkar (2013), Trip to Bhangarh (2014), Angry Indian Goddesses (2015), Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi (2019), Kesari (2019), Thank God (2020), Mili (2022), Non Stop Dhamaal (2023), and Dunki (2023).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kochhar was born on September 9, 1983, in Gurgaon, India, and did his schooling from Army School Noida.", "title": "Early life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Aluminium indium antimonide, also known as indium aluminium antimonide or AlInSb (AlxIn1-xSb), is a ternary III-V semiconductor compound. The alloy can contain any ratio between aluminium and indium; that is, x in the formula can continuously take on any value between 0 and 1. AlInSb refers generally to any composition of the alloy.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The bandgap and lattice constant of AlInSb alloys are between those of pure AlSb (a = 0.614 nm, Eg = 1.62 eV) and InSb (a = 0.648 nm, Eg = 0.17 eV). At an intermediate composition (approximately x = 0.73), the bandgap transitions from an indirect gap, like that of pure AlSb, to a direct gap, like that of pure InSb.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "AlInSb films have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on gallium arsenide and gallium antimonide substrates. It is typically incorporated into layered heterostructures with other III-V compounds.", "title": "Preparation" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "AlInSb has been employed as a barrier material and dislocation filter for InSb quantum wells and in InSb-based devices.", "title": "Applications" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "AlInSb has been used as the active region of LEDs and photodiodes to generate and detect light at mid-infrared wavelengths. These devices can be optimized for performance around 3.3 μm, a wavelength of interest for methane gas sensing.", "title": "Applications" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jeju Dongmun Traditional Market (Korean: 제주 동문재래시장) is a covered traditional market in Jeju City, Jeju Province, South Korea. It is the oldest extant traditional market in Jeju.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is FK Mladá Boleslav's 122nd season in existence and 20th consecutive in the Czech First League. They will also compete in the Czech Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 16 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 21 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Capps Crossing is a 2017 American slasher film directed by Mike Stahl, starring Brian Cory, Alex Acosta, Parker Alexander, Marcus Parker, Isabel Siragusa, Ashley Sullivan and Quenya Tuck.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kieran Fisher of Scream rated the film 2 stars out of 5 and called it \"predictable in every way\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Matt Boiselle of Dread Central rated the film 2 stars out of 5 and called the premise \"as plain as blood splattered on a nice white wall\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kimber Myers of the Los Angeles Times wrote: \"Unfortunately, the worst fault in this horror movie isn’t the amateur performances, beginner-level editing or the special effects; it’s the dreadfully dumb script.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jacob M. Gile (1849—1937), was an American architect and building contractor in Colorado. He worked primarily in Pueblo, Colorado, and was active from 1900 to 1932.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Gile was born on March 18, 1849, in Lebanon, Boone County, Indiana. When he was a young child the family moved to Benton County, Iowa, where they lived until around 1867. Sometime after the death of his father, Gile moved to Maryville, Missouri where he learned the carpenter trade and became a building contractor. In 1890, he moved to Denver, Colorado.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Gile moved to Pueblo, Colorado in 1900, when he was hired to design and supervise the building construction of the Minnequa Hospital (1902). He also supervised construction of the International Order of Foresters Home for Indigents in Cañon City, Colorado. Its architect has not been documented but the design is considered characteristic of Gile's work.\" He worked with Pueblo architect John F. Bishop from 1902 to 1903, but worked alone for most of his career. Gile also worked with architects Robert Willison and Montana Fallis on the Vail Hotel (1910), and the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart (1912). Both buildings are located in Pueblo, Colorado and are listed on the National Register.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He died at the age of 89 on December 28, 1937, in Pueblo, Colorado.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Park Service.", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "U.S.A. Confidential is a 1948 book written by Jack Lait and Lee Mortimer (Crown Publishers). It was written as a \"travel guide\" describing lurid things such as \"reefer parties\", house of prostitution, gambling dives, gay parties and organised crime.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The book is divided into four parts, \"The Places\", \"The People\", \"The Lowdown\" and \"Behind the Scenes\".", "title": "Synopsis" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Film producer Edward Small acquired the rights to make a 1955 film based on chapter 25, \"Hoodlums' Hierarchy\"; the film declaring it was \"suggested by\" the title.", "title": "In popular culture" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1958 producer Leon Fromkess made a television series \"based on\" the same title.", "title": "In popular culture" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Asplenium bourgaei is a small fern.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A small (4–7 cm), mid-green fern with centrally-radiating small fronds divided into close oblong leaflets with deep lobes giving a very crinkly look to the fern, the middle leaflet bases not stalked but join the frond axis broadly (on the upper half of the leaflet base), the frond stalks are short, black on the underside (the whole frond and axis green upperside), and the fronds droop down when growing on the sides of rocks. The sori under the leaflets are linear, close to the leaflet axis.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Habitat: Shady limestone rock crevices.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Asplenium bourgaei can be found in East Aegean Islands, Crete, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey.", "title": "Range" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hydrocodone/homatropine, sold under the brand name Tussigondail among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of cough. It contains hydrocodone, as the bitartrate, an opioid agonist; and homatropine, as the methylbromide, a muscarinic antagonist. It is taken by mouth.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Hydrocodone/homatropine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1943.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ioland was a town in Ellis County, Oklahoma. It is near the Canadian River and borders the south-eastern part of the county.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The town was a part of the now non-existent Day County. It was the county seat for a short period of time until it was switched to Grand in November of 1893.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Panchak (transl. Quintet) is an upcoming Indian Marathi language comedy drama film directed by Rahul Awate and Jayant Jathar and produced by Madhuri Dixit along with her husband, Dr. Shriram Nene, under RnM Moving Pictures. The film features an ensemble cast of Adinath Kothare, Dilip Prabhavalkar, Bharati Achrekar, Anand Ingale, Tejashri Pradhan, Satish Alekar, Nandita Patkar, Sampada Kulkarni and Deepti Devi. The story revolve around a family with a fear of superstition and death.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is scheduled to release theatrically on 5 January 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The film was announced by Dixit on 10 October 2019 along with the Mahurat shoot. This marked her second production in Marathi films after 15th August. Panchak is shot in Konkan, Maharashtra. Kothare revealed that he was not the first choice for the part, but Dixit chose him.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The lyrics are written by Guru Thakur and the music is composed by Mangesh Dhakde.", "title": "Soundtrack" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Panchak had its premiere at 21st Pune International Film Festival on 5 February 2023, where it received standing ovation from the audience. The official title poster and the release date were released by the makers in the mid-October. The teaser was released on 1 December 2023, subsequently, the trailer was released on 12 Decmber 2023. The trailer garnered a great response from the audience, and Bollywood stars Kajol, Riteish Deshmukh, Shilpa Shetty, Karan Johar, and others praised it.", "title": "Release and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Handgod Abraham (born 23 November 1986) is a Haitian poet, cultural operator and entrepreneur. He is president and founding member of the Marathon du Livre, president of the user group of the Wikimedia community in Haiti and co-executive director of Éditions Pulùcia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Handgod Abraham was born on 23 November 1986. He did his primary education at the Sacré-Cœur school and his secondary studies at Notre-Dame college and Faustin Soulouque high school. He studied educational sciences and legal sciences.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Abraham collaborates in youth activities that promote works of art and literary works such as Literary cultural and artistic movement of young people ( MOLICAJ) and other youth groups from the city of Petit-Goâve and other cities in Haiti. He is secretary general of the Autonomous Cooperation of Technicians for Community Development and Animation (CATDACo). Handgod Abraham has already published three collections of poems, notably \"Tou Limen\" which was exhibited at the TDAART gallery in Petit-Goâve, \"In the landscape of my muse\" appreciated for the musicality of the verses. He also participates in several collective works. For years, he has chaired the Marathon du Livre, one of the biggest literary events in the city of Petit-Goâve. From 14 to 17 December 2017 he participated with Coutechève Lavoie Aupont as guests of honor in the first edition of the poetry festival in Jacmel. This festival was organized on the theme “Ekri Lavi”, at the initiative of “Espas Kiltirèl pou Rankont ak Inovasyon” (EKRI) in partnership with Éditions Pulùcia and other partners.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Abraham is a member of RADI (Rasanbleman pou Diyite Ayiti), a group of citizens composed of artists, writers, researchers and members of various liberal professions, which fights against inequalities social issues in Haiti.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Abraham follows in the footsteps of Georges Castera whom he met for the first and only time in 2015 at the Haiti International Book Fair under the initiative of the National Book Directorate (DNL). Handgod Abraham was signing with his collection titled \"Anba dra\" at the \"Festival Entènasyonal Literati Kreyòl\" at the \"Marathon du Livre\" and in \"Livres en liberté\" in December 2019. Alongside two other young poets, Ecclesiaste Étienne and Samuel Clermont, he received carte blanche at the sixth edition of LIVAKTE camping.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In February 2020, he received the \"Palme d'or\" from the magazine Palmes Magazine for his involvement in the socio-cultural management of his hometown and other cities in the country. In August 2020, on the occasion of the final of a text competition \"Petit-Goâve and its heritage\" organized in Petit-Goâve, he was one of the 10 young people honored as positive influencers for their contribution to the development of their community. Invited to the reopening of Jeux Dits Pwezi, at Vieux Four in the town of Jacmel, on 1 October 2020, he signed his collection of poems ''Anba dra''.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Moquegua is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches the Plaza Dos de Mayo.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. This straight line formed the colonial road to Callao and at its mouth was one of the arches of the Walls of Lima, the Portada del Callao, built in 1797.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Moquegua, after the Department of Moquegua. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On the morning of August 22, 1991, three car bombs were detonated by members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement, a terrorist organisation, who were distributed into three groups. Two of them, belonging to Electrolima, were located on the seventh block of the avenue, while the other, belonging to the Compañía Peruana de Teléfonos [es], was located on nearby Guillermo Dansey Avenue. A street vendor, who witnessed the action, entered the Dos de Mayo school alerting the students of the imminent attack, with the bombs exploding during their evacuation. In total 34 people were injured, including children, 30 commercial establishments were damaged, and the attackers fled towards the Plaza Dos de Mayo, Avenida Emancipación and Avenida Tacna.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2020, an explosive artifact was detonated in front of a shoe store, causing minor damages to its façade.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sharda Deepakraj Lala is a financial advisor and entrepreneur from Akola, Maharashtra, India. She is the founder of Siddhantha Wealth Managers", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gwangju Cinema (Korean: 광주극장; Hanja: 光州劇場; also Gwangju Theater) is a historic theater in Dong District, Gwangju, South Korea. The theater first opened on October 1, 1935, and screened its first film on October 10. At the time of its opening, it was the theater with the largest seating capacity in Korea. It has been described as the only single-screen theater left in the country, as multiplex theaters have become the norm. It now specializes in art films.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The theater has also historically hosted other types of productions, including concerts, pansori productions, and stage plays.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After the Japanese-owned movie theater Gwangjujwa burned down, the only other theater left in the city was the Imperial Theater (제국관; 帝國館), which was also owned by a Japanese person. In order to meet the need for not only a new movie theater, but also one owned by Koreans, a corporation for Gwangju Theater was established in 1933.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Construction on the theater began in 1934, and it finished on October 1, 1935. It opened as a two-story reinforced concrete building with a floor space of 400 pyeong (1,300 m). It was able to accommodate 1,200 people, twice as many as the other theater in the city at the time. The first screening was held on October 10. As the office of the Japanese Governor-General mandated that all theaters must show Japanese-language films, the first screening was of a Japanese film (日像月像; 1935). An interpretor described the events of the film for Koreans during its screening. The first Korean film shown was the 1935 Chunhyang jeon [ko]. This film was also the first Korean talkie.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Like other movie theaters in Korea, during the colonial period, Gwangju Cinema also served as a public forum for discussing politics. It held this role even after the 1945 liberation of Korea. For example, on October 21, 1948, shortly after the controversial establishment of the First Republic of Korea, protest films were shown that condemned both the South Korean and American governments. By December of that year, the theater was used to host cultural events sponsored by the United States, which led to it becoming a conduit for the spread of American culture in Korea. The theater continued operating even during the Korean War, when it was used to show newsreels to the public. It continued to be a place of significant societal importance until the mid-1960s.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "It was destroyed by a fire on January 18, 1968, around 4 a.m. According to one contemporary news article, it was caused by someone stealing a motor, which caused an electrical fire in the basement that ignited fireworks used for special effects. By then, the business was owned by the second generation of its original founding family. Despite advice to the contrary, the owner decided to reconstruct the theater. By October 4, the building was restored and renovated, with four floors above ground in the same architectural style as the original. A dressing room and waiting room for actors was installed behind the screen on the first floor.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The rise of multiplex theaters in South Korea during the 1990s significantly impacted single-screen theaters in the country. The theater survived in its single-screen form due to subsidies from the Korean Film Council. By contrast, other historic theaters, like the first movie theater in Korea Ae Kwan Theater, remodelled into multiplexes.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "As of 2021, the theater fills the niche of an art film theater, that focuses on local artists and international films. It has hosted a number of film festivals, including some that it has operated. It currently has a membership program that helps fund its continued operation. In December 2020, the Dong District government created a \"Movie Alley\" next to the theater.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Silas Brown Hunton (April 23, 1819 – August 4, 1900) was an American politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Diary of a cricket (Vietnamese: Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký) is a Vietnamese children novel written by Tô Hoài. The novel is about a cricket named Mèn and his adventure in a human village and the animal kingdom. The cricket protagonist was originally featured in a 1941 short story by Hoài's Con Dế Mèn (\"The Cricket\") to the Tân Dân Publishing House, which corresponds to the first three chapters of the modern edition. Around that year, he then wrote second story eponymously titled Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký (\"Diary of a cricket\"), which corresponds to the last seven chapters, and later editions of the novel merged it with Con Dế Mèn.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mèn, a cricket, born alongside two siblings, is separated from them after only two days according to the cricket family's tradition, and he relishes the independence it brings. Mèn, mischievous and playful, inadvertently causes the tragic death of Choắt (Mèn's neighbor, another cricket) by teasing Cốc (cormorant).", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "As Mèn remorsefully contemplates his actions, he is unexpectedly caught by two human children and lost independence. He is forced to fight against other insects for the children's amusement and was malnourished. A harsh lesson from Xiến Tóc (longhorn beetle) involving cutting of Mèn's antennae, led to Mèn's transformative awakening and growth in maturity. One day, while Mèn was trapped in a matchbox and the children's are playing soccer, Mèn seizes an opportunity to break free Freed from captivity, on the way Mèn goes back home, he rescued Trò (moth) from a group of spiders that bullied her due to her family's debt.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Mèn meets his mother and relatives again after the first adventure. While on the way visiting his older siblings, Mèn seeks a companion for a new adventure and encounters Dế Trũi, whom he had previously saved from peril.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "They become sworn brothers and \"set sail\" on a leaf, only to encounter treacherous waters and almost died from hunger and exhaustion before reaching the \"coastline\". On land, Mèn and Trũi are welcomed by the inhabitants of Đầm Lầy (swampy animal village), however, soon they leave due to the boastful and distasteful Cóc (toad) và Ếch Cốm (frog). They then travel to Cỏ May (grassy area), a region known for its martial spirit, where they win the fight against Bọ Ngựa và Bọ Muỗm (leader of the mantis and bush cricket clans respectively). Mèn and Trũi become leaders of the respective clans. Due to a territorial dispute with the more dominant grasshopper clan in the winter, Trũi is jailed by the clan leader Châu Chấu Voi ('elephant' grasshopper).", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Mèn then leaves and embarks on an independent journey. Many seasons later though, Mèn still do not find Trũi. He meet Xiến Tóc again, who has cut his antenna, now bored with life and plays with butterfly and cicada prostitutes. Xiến Tóc tell Mèn that Châu Chấu Voi is a person of good nature and Trũi is still in good health. Shortly after Mèn leaves, he is caught by Trả (bird) and forced to become a servant. Trũi and the Châu Chấu Voi clan then rescued Mèn. Mèn realized that the purpose of an insect's life is to collaborate on shared goals and coexist peacefully with the animal kingdom. He sent a message about that realization to the ants, which then spread the message to the entire animal kingdom.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "After the second adventure, he returns to his home. Mèn's mother and older anemic brother are now deceased. Mèn another brother, who was very stern and denied Mèn's invitation to join his adventures, now became much more manly. In the last chapter, Mèn reflects on his life and is in preparation for his third adventure.", "title": "Plot" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "As told by Hoài, the novel is influenced from his involvement with Vietnam's communist movement during his teenage years, and as such the cricket protagonist features a strong adventurous and driven personality.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The novel is very popular in Vietnam and is considered a classic of Vietnamese children books. In 2020, Kim Dong Publishing House's text-only edition of Diary of a cricket has been reprinted 87 times, the most out of all books by the publishing house. The novel has been translated to many languages. Theater adaptations of the novel have been performed in Ho Chi Minh City in 2018 and 2023.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Northern black-throated trogon (Trogon tenellus), also known as the graceful black-throated trogon, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It breeds in lowlands from southeast Honduras to northwest Colombia. It has a yellow belly, pale blue eyerings and a yellow bill. Like all trogons, the northern black-throated trogon has distinct sexual dimorphism. Male has a greenish-blue upperpart, while female has a brown one. It was previously considered conspecific with other black-throated trogons.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Black-throated trogon (disambiguation)", "title": "See also" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Give Up the Grudge\" is a song by Canadian punk rock band Gob. The song was a hit in Canada, peaking at No. 11 on the country's rock chart. The song was featured on the soundtracks to the film American Wedding and Madden NFL 2004 video game.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Australia and New Zealand single", "title": "Track listing" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rugulopteryx is a genus of brown algae in the family Dictyotaceae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The genus Rugulopteryx contains the following species:", "title": "Species" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cyanomethine, or 4-amino-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine, is an amino and methylated derivative of pyrimidine with the chemical formula C6H9N3, belonging to a class named cyanalkines. Cyanomethine is a strongly basic colourless to white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. It is prepared by the trimerisation of acetonitrile with sodium or potassium, with the corresponding metal cyanide and C4H6N2 (possibly 2-methylimidazole or 3-methylpyrazole, imimoacetonitrile has been identified) as the main byproducts. It can also made by reaction of sodium methoxide and acetonitrile.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "An analogous compound of propionitrile is known as cyan(o)ethine.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Meta Katrine Nedergaard Ditzel (6 October 1910-19 June 1999) was a Danish politician who focussed on the issue of peace.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "From 1968 to 1975, she was a member of the Folketing (Danish parliament) for the Radical Left Party.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1942 she published a novel, Thi Adam dannedes først (Because Adam was formed first) which raised issues of tensions between women's roles in work and marriage.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rodolfo Calle Inca (born 23 September 1964) is a Bolivian small businessman, lawyer, and politician who served as a party-list member of the Chamber of Deputies from La Paz from 2010 to 2015.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The sole proprietor of a small enterprise, Calle gained prominence through organizational leadership among the capital's leather goods vendors. He served as vice president and president of the Departmental Federation of Micro and Small Enterprises of La Paz and was secretary of minutes at the National Confederation of Micro and Small Enterprises of Bolivia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A member of the Movement for Socialism, Calle represented the micro-enterprise sector on the party's parliamentary slate in the 2009 election and won a seat for La Paz Department in the Chamber of Deputies. He served only a single term and declined to seek reelection. He ceded his seat to Víctor Ramírez, who had been his constituent's original nominee the previous election.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Rodolfo Calle was born on 23 September 1964 in La Paz, in a household of modest means involved in the leather goods business. His mother, Bonifacia Inca, was a homemaker and small trader who made and sold leather products – mostly purses and the like. His father, Víctor Calle, served in the Armed Forces and died early during Rodolfo's childhood.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Calle attended primary and intermediate at the Holland and Félix Reyes Ortiz schools in La Paz and received his secondary baccalaureate [es] from the city's Adventist institute. He studied law at the Higher University of San Andrés and the Bolivian Technological University, but was forced to disenroll due to family matters – although he would eventually return to complete the degree. He also completed a diploma program in leadership at International IDEA.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Calle entered as an assistant at his brother-in-law's handbag factory at age 12 in 1976 and apprenticed there until he turned 17 in 1981. He became the sole proprietor of his own manufacturing plant shortly thereafter. The business went under several times before he could accrue the capital to keep it afloat, but it eventually grew into a moderately sized sized small enterprise.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Around the turn of the century, Calle began to take part in the guilds and employers' associations that make up the micro-enterprise sector. He became a figure of import among the city's leather goods merchants, serving as secretary of relations in the Union of Micro-entrepreneurs in Leather Goods between 2000 and 2002 before going on to found another organization, the Association of Micro-entrepreneurs in Leather Goods, which he led from 2006 to 2010.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "At the department level, Calle served as vice president of the Departmental Federation of Micro and Small Enterprises of La Paz from 2003 to 2009. He led the organization as its president during his term in parliament, circa 2010–2012, and remained in leadership as a board member and secretary of relations in the years that followed. Those posts propelled him to the national level, and he capped his career as secretary of minutes for the National Confederation of Micro and Small Enterprises of Bolivia (CONAMYPE), an office he held from 2009 to 2011.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Like many members of the country's small merchant class – who, despite belonging to the private sector, often teetered on the edge of informality, lived in precarious economic positions, and relied heavily on state services – Calle sympathized with the policies of the Movement for Socialism (MAS) and became a member of the party early on. Since the 2005 election, the MAS had developed an ongoing alliance with the country's small employers' associations, who leveraged the support of their base for positions of power in government.", "title": "Chamber of Deputies" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "This pact solidified with the admission of CONAMYPE as a member organization of the MAS in 2006 and continued through 2009, when the party offered the micro-enterprise sector a quota of candidates on its parliamentary lists. In La Paz, the local federation initially elected Víctor Ramírez as its nominee, but procedural hurdles prevented him from running. In his stead, Calle – who had been the second-most voted candidate – was given the nod to run. He was included on the MAS party list in La Paz and was elected to represent the department in the Chamber of Deputies.", "title": "Chamber of Deputies" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In office, Calle's legislative priorities centered on the needs of the micro-enterprise sector. He collaborated with members of the national confederation to sponsor legislation in favor of small and medium-sized enterprises; already in 2010, a draft bill aimed at properly defining the legal status of micro-enterprises and regulating their access to markets was presented, to be developed in cooperation with local and small business federations. The legislation was not taken up during Calle's term, but a finalized rendition of the bill was enacted into law by President Evo Morales in 2017.", "title": "Chamber of Deputies" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Calle contemplated remaining in politics beyond the end of his term but tempered expectations that he might seek reelection in 2014. He went on to back the nomination of Ramírez – the now-president of CONAMYPE, who had been the sector's original pick the previous cycle – to fill his seat in the Chamber of Deputies. After leaving office, Calle resumed business activities at his factory.", "title": "Chamber of Deputies" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Online and list sources", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Digital and print publications", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Academic journals", "title": "References" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Books and encyclopedias", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Ocoña is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Tacna Avenue [es].", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Ocoña, after the distrct of Camaná Province, in Arequipa. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "During the first presidency of Alan García, when the Dólar MUC [es] was instituted and high inflation combined with freedom of exchange made the purchase and sale of the U.S. dollar a profitable business, the Jirón Ocoña brought together a large number of money changers and currency exchange houses, causing it to be nicknamed the \"little Wall Street of Lima.\"", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Currently, the business of buying and selling foreign currencies is no longer concentrated in Jirón Ocoña, but it nevertheless continues to host a large number of these businesses.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Choco black-throated trogon (Trogon cupreicauda), also known as Kerr's black-throated trogon is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It breeds in lowlands of western Colombia and western Ecuador. It has a yellow belly, pale blue eyerings and a yellow bill. Like all trogons, the Choco black-throated trogon has distinct sexual dimorphism. Male has a greenish-blue upperpart, while female has a brown one. It was previously considered conspecific with other black-throated trogons.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Black-throated trogon (disambiguation)", "title": "See also" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is SK Sigma Olomouc's 16th season in existence and seventh consecutive in the Czech First League. They will also compete in the Czech Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 16 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 21 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Atlantic black-throated trogon (Trogon chrysochloros) is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It breeds in lowlands of eastern and southern Brazil, Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. It has a yellow belly, pale blue eyerings and a yellow bill. Like all trogons, the Atlantic black-throated trogon has distinct sexual dimorphism. The male has a greenish-blue upperpart, while the female has a brown one. It was previously considered conspecific with other black-throated trogons. The species epithet chrysochloros derives from the Greek χρυσος/khrusos means gold, and χλωρος/khlōros means green.", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Two subspecies are recognised:", "title": "Details" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Black-throated trogon (disambiguation)", "title": "See also" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is FK Pardubice's 16th season in existence and fourth consecutive in the Czech First League. They will also compete in the Czech Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 16 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 21 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Rising Sun (De opgaande zon) is a 1908 Dutch play by Herman Heijermans. The play has often been revived and performed in different countries.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The play was produced for Australian radio in 1942 under a special program called \"Plays from the Allies\", called a \"short series oi plays from Dutch Chinese, Russian and American sources—not necessarily plays which glorify those people but which show something of their native genius.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Leslie Rees, editor of ABC drama, called the play \"a drama of character. The relationships are so clear, so authentic and soundly-based. But the touching love of Matthew for his daughter Sonia and of Sonia for her father has something more; it soars. \"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The play was produced again by the ABC with Peter Finch in the lead role.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "ABC Weekly said the play \"portrays the troubles of Matthew Strong, whose small business is obliterated by a new and glaring chain store, The Rising Sun, or as Mathew in his refusal to accept setbacks calls it, The Never-Setting Sun. It is the delicate depiction of the love between Matthew and his daughter that gives the play its quality.\"", "title": "Premise" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jayendra Pratap Singh Rathore is an Indian politician. Rathore is a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council, represents Bharatiya Janata Party.He is a Minister of State (Independent Charge) Co-operation in Second Yogi Adityanath ministry.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 07 July 2022, the Chief Minister, Yogi Adityanath, of his Second Yogi Adityanath ministry appointed Jayendra Pratap Singh Rathore as theMinister of State (Independent Charge) Co-operation in Uttar Pradesh government.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gwangjujwa (Korean: 광주좌; Hanja: 光州座) was a historic theater that existed between 1916 and 1925 during the Japanese colonial period in Hwanggeum-dong, Dong District, Gwangju, Chōsen, Empire of Japan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was established by Japanese person Fujigawa Tadayoshi (藤川忠義). It had two stories and could seat around 300 people, although people were expected to be seated on tatami mats on the floor, instead of on chairs. It was located at what is now the Palace Tourist Hotel. It was known for not only screening films, but also for hosting various types of cultural performances, including plays and concerts. It was expanded in March 1924 and reopened on November 3, 1925. However, on November 8, 1931, it was destroyed due to an accidental fire caused by a candle Fujigawa had lit.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Professor Lalnilawma is an academician and politician from Mizoram, India. He is currently the Minister of State for Rural Developmnet, Horticulture and Public Health Engineering. He is the professor of Rural Development at Mizoram University. He was elected to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly from Tawi constituency in the 2023 general election as Zoram People's Movement candidate.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lalnilawma earned his Doctor of Philosophy in 1998 from Central Central Luzon State University in the Philippines. Prior to this, he completed his master's degree in Science and bachelor's degree in arts, both at Central Luzon State University and Spicer Adventist University respectively.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Quilca is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Alfonso Ugarte Avenue.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Quilca, after the district in Camaná Province, Arequipa. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the early morning of October 27, 2018, the Giacoletti Building, located on the street's first block, was damaged by a fire that lasted three hours. The building has remained empty since, still in a dilapidated state and without final demolition or reconstruction due to bureaucratic obstacles and financing problems. Currently, only the outer part of the building remains, although plans to rebuild it have been proposed.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tillie Thalia Amartey (born 20 April 2003) is an English actress and presenter. After making guest appearances in various series including 4 O'Clock Club, Doctors and Creeped Out, she portrayed Chloe in the CBBC musical series Almost Never from 2019 to 2021. Since then, she has been cast in The Teacher and Waterloo Road, as well as being set to compete in the 2023 Strictly Come Dancing Christmas Special. Amartey has also worked as a television presenter, having fronted various CBBC and CITV projects.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Amartey was born in Menston, Bradford, to a Ghanaian father and English mother. Amartey is also the niece of Spice Girls singer Mel B. She began acting at the age of seven after attending a local drama club and has been professionally represented by an acting agent since the age of ten. She studied at St Mary's Menston Catholic Voluntary Academy, later going on to study acting at RADA.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "When she was eight, Amartey was cast as Baby Nala in a touring stage production of The Lion King. However, after the first stop of the tour, Amartey began to feel homesick and her mother thought it was best for her to withdraw and wait for another role. Weeks later, she was cast in a high-profile Amazon Kindle advertisement. Amartey made her screen debut aged twelve in an episode of the CBBC series 4 O'Clock Club in 2016. She then appeared in a 2017 episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors. Of being on Doctors, she said: \"I learnt a lot being involved with Doctors as it was the first soap I had done and it was filmed at a very fast pace. [...] It was an emotional episode with lots of script and a chance to show my acting skills in a very different way.\"", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2019, Amartey began starring in the CBBC series Almost Never as Chloe, a role she played for three years. Then in 2022, she starred in the Channel 5 drama The Teacher, as well as beginning to present the CBBC show Love! Love! Love!. Amartey has also presented various projects for CITV. In 2023, Amartey competed in BBC's Strictly Come Dancing Christmas Special. She is also set to star in the BBC school drama Waterloo Road as Stacey Nevill from 2024.", "title": "Life and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "In mathematics, a supersolvable lattice is a graded lattice that has a maximal chain of elements, each of which obeys a certain modularity relationship. The definition encapsulates many of the nice properties of lattices of subgroups of supersolvable groups.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A finite group G {\\displaystyle G} is said to be supersolvable if it admits a maximal chain (or series) of subgroups so that each subgroup in the chain is normal in G {\\displaystyle G} . A normal subgroup has been known since the 1940s to be left and (dual) right modular as an element of the lattice of subgroups. Richard Stanley noticed in the 1970s that certain geometric lattices, such as the partition lattice, obeyed similar properties, and gave a lattice-theoretic abstraction.", "title": "Motivation" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A finite graded lattice L {\\displaystyle L} is supersolvable if it admits a maximal chain m {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {m} } of elements (called an M {\\displaystyle M} -chain or chief chain) obeying any of the following equivalent properties.", "title": "Definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "For comparison, a finite lattice is geometric if and only if it is atomistic and the elements of the antichain of atoms are all left modular.", "title": "Definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "An extension of the definition is that of a left modular lattice: a not-necessarily graded lattice with a maximal chain consisting of left modular elements. Thus, a left modular lattice requires the condition of (2), but relaxes the requirement of gradedness.", "title": "Definition" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "A group is supersolvable if and only if its lattice of subgroups is supersolvable. A chief series of subgroups forms a chief chain in the lattice of subgroups.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The partition lattice of a finite set is supersolvable. A partition is left modular in this lattice if and only if it has at most one non-singleton part. The noncrossing partition lattice is similarly supersolvable, although it is not geometric.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The lattice of flats of the graphic matroid for a graph is supersolvable if and only if the graph is chordal. Working from the top, the chief chain is obtained by removing vertices in a perfect elimination ordering one by one.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Every modular lattice is supersolvable, as every element in such a lattice is left modular and rank modular.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "A finite matroid with a supersolvable lattice of flats (equivalently, a lattice that is both geometric and supersolvable) has a real-rooted characteristic polynomial. This is a consequence of a more general factorization theorem for characteristic polynomials over modular elements.", "title": "Properties" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Orlik-Solomon algebra of an arrangement of hyperplanes with a supersolvable intersection lattice is a Koszul algebra. For more information, see Supersolvable arrangement.", "title": "Properties" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Any finite supersolvable lattice has an edge lexicographic labeling (or EL-labeling), hence its order complex is shellable and Cohen-Macaulay. Indeed, supersolvable lattices can be characterized in terms of edge lexicographic labelings: a finite lattice of height n {\\displaystyle n} is supersolvable if and only if it has an edge lexicographic labeling that assigns to each maximal chain a permutation of { 1 , … , n } . {\\displaystyle \\{1,\\dots ,n\\}.}", "title": "Properties" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Wir sagen euch an den lieben Advent\" (We announce the dear Advent to you) is an Advent song with German text by Maria Ferschl written in 1954, and a melody by Heinrich Rohr. The song is part of the German Protestant hymnal Evangelisches Gesangbuch, the Catholic Gotteslob and many songbooks. It is suitable for children.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Maria Ferschl [de], an Austrian teacher who worked for the reform of Catholic liturgy, wrote the text of \"Wir sagen euch an den lieben Advent\" in Riedhausen in 1954. She based it on the order of service at the time, with relation of the four stanzas to the prescribed biblical readings on the four Sundays in Advent. The melody was composed the same year by Heinrich Rohr [de], Kirchenmusikdirektor in Mainz. It was first sung on Christmas Eve 1954 in the St. Michael church of Riedhausen.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The song was first published by Verlag Herder in 1954. In the Protestant hymnal Evangelisches Gesangbuch, it is EG 17. It was part of the Catholic Gotteslob of 1975 as GL 115, retained in the second edition as GL 223. It is featured in many songbooks, including some for children.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The song is in four stanzas of six lines each, with verses of four lines and a refrain. All stanzas begin with the same announcement in two lines, saying which candle of an Advent wreath is burning. Lines 3 and 4 are related to the biblical reading. The refrain calls to be joyful because the Lord is near.", "title": "Text and music" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The melody is in F major in a triple meter. It has a small range of only six notes, a simple rhythm and harmonies changing only between F major and C major, making it suitable for children. The melody of the first two lines is repeated for the next two lines.", "title": "Text and music" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The song was intended with the verses sung by a small schola and the refrain with the congregation joining. The candles of an Advent wreath can be lighted simultaneously.", "title": "Text and music" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mount Gakona is a 9,865-foot-elevation (3,007-meter) mountain summit in Alaska.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mount Gakona is located 22 miles (35 km) northeast of Paxson in the Delta Mountains which are a subrange of the Alaska Range. The heavily glaciated mountain ranks as the fourth-highest peak in the Delta Mountains. Precipitation runoff and glacial meltwater from the mountain's north slope drains to Johnson Glacier → Johnson River → Tanana River, whereas the south slope drains to the Gakona Glacier → Gakona River → Copper River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 4,865 feet (1,483 meters) above the Johnson Glacier in 1.3 mile (2.1 km). The first ascent of the summit was made on March 24, 1980, by Daniel Osborne, Steve O'Brien, Mark Hottman, and Toby Wheeler. The climbers reported that the mountain has two peaks separated one mile apart by a knife-edged ridge. The word \"Gakona\" /ɡəˈkoʊnə/ (Ggax Kuna' in Ahtna language) means \"rabbit\" or \"rabbit river.\" The mountain's toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Gakona is located in a tundra climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Weather systems are forced upwards by the Delta Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F. This climate supports the Johnson Glacier, Gakona Glacier, and smaller unnamed glaciers surrounding the peak.", "title": "Climate" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rhysida is a ransomware group that encrypts data on victims' computer systems and threatens to make it publicly available unless a ransom is paid. The group uses eponymous ransomware-as-a-service techniques, targets large organisations rather than making random attacks on individuals, and demands large sums of money to restore data. The group perpetrated the notable 2023 British Library cyberattack and Insomniac Games data dump. It has targeted many organisations, including some in the US healthcare sector, and the Chilean army.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In November 2023, the US agencies Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), FBI and MS-ISAC published an alert about the Rhysida ransomware and the actors behind it, with information about the techniques the ransomware uses to infiltrate targets and its mode of operation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The group takes its name from the genus of centipedes, and uses a centipede logo.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The US CISA report states:", "title": "Ransomware as a service" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Threat actors leveraging Rhysida ransomware are known to impact “targets of opportunity,” including victims in the education, healthcare, manufacturing, information technology, and government sectors. Open source reporting details similarities between Vice Society (DEV-0832) activity and the actors observed deploying Rhysida ransomware. Additionally, open source reporting has confirmed observed instances of Rhysida actors operating in a ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) capacity, where ransomware tools and infrastructure are leased out in a profit-sharing model. Any ransoms paid are then split between the group and the affiliates.", "title": "Ransomware as a service" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1962 Great Britain Lions tour was the Great Britain national rugby league team's 12th tour of Australasia and took place from May to August 1962. A total of 30 matches were played against local club and representative sides during the tour, including a three match Test match series against Australia and a two game series against New Zealand. The team additionally played three games in South Africa on the way home from the Australasia tour.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Great Britain won The Ashes against Australia following their home defeat in 1963, but lost both Tests against New Zealand.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The 26-man touring squad was selected on 22 March 1962, with Eric Ashton named as captain, and Derek Turner chosen as vice-captain. Colin Hutton was appointed to coach the team, and Wakefield Trinity chairman Stuart Hadfield was the tour manager.", "title": "Touring squad" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 season is 1. FC Slovácko's 97th season in existence and 15th consecutive in the Czech First League. They will also compete in the Czech Cup.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Win Draw Loss Fixtures", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Last updated: 16 December 2023 Source: Soccerway", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Last updated: August 2023. Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 21 June 2023.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kevin Eduardo Hernández Carlos (Meoqui, Chihuahua; May 15, 2000 – ), known artistically as Kevin Kaarl is a Mexican folk singer and composer. He released his first single \"Amor viejo\" on September 18, 2018, and began to capture the public's attention, with more than 7 million views on YouTube. Months later, in December of that same year, he rose to fame with the release of his \"Vámonos a mars\" single that reached more than 23 million views on YouTube and 104 million on Spotify. It achieved success thanks to the viral effect of social networks.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In his childhood and adolescence, Kevin participated in different choirs and musical bands. At the age of 7 he joined a youth band in Meoqui, Chihuahua. In elementary school, he joined the school choir, and years later he joined another band in his home town. In 2014 he stopped playing the guitar and singing to start a photography and film project. Before starting his musical project, Kaarl played guitar, while his twin brother Bryan, who plays the trumpet, sang backup vocals during their live performances.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kevin was studying communication due to his interest in photography, cinema and journalism before dedicating himself completely to music. Among his musical influences are Norteño, classical music and rock music, however, the main genres that make up his discography include folk, indie and alternative. On November 27, 2020, she released the music video for the song \"Es que yo te Quiero a ti\" as a show of support for the women victims of feminicide. In 2023, Billboard magazine recognized him as one of the 23 Latin artists who had the most impact on music that year.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kaarl has 2 studio albums: Hasta el fin del mundo (2019) y París, Texas (2022)., in addition to one EP, San Lucas (2019). Among his most popular songs are songs such as; \"San Lucas\", \"Vámonos a marte\" (\"Let's go to Mars\"), \"Colapso\" (\"Collapse\"), \"Es que yo te quiero a ti\" (\"I love you\"), \"Si supieras\" (\"If you only knew\"), \"Toda esta ciudad\" (\"This whole city\"), \"Amor viejo\" (\"Old love\"), \"Abrazado a ti\" (\"Hugging you\"), \"Mujer distante\" (\"Distant Woman\"), \"Tu si eres real\" (\"You're real\"), \"Cómo me encanta\" (\"How I love it\"). Several of them have entered the Top 10 in different countries; Vámonos a mars reached the number one position on the Top 40 Charts in Chile, \"San Lucas\" also reached number one on the Youtube Top 100 Songs charts in Mexico.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In addition to singing in Spanish, he also sings in English and has composed songs such as \"Next to you\", \"Good times\", \"Selfish pretty girl\", among others. He has also collaborated with artists such as Leon Bridges, and León Marinero, Daniel Quién and Pablo Díaz-Reixa.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "He has gained international popularity by performing outside of Mexico, in countries such as United States, and in Europe, including Spain and Germany, as well as in countries in South America, such as Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, Colombia, Perú and Ecuador. He has also played at music festivals such as Vive Latino, the Pal Norte and the Primavera Sound.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Kevin expressed a strong interest in music from an early age, participating in different school musical bands. In an interview with Ricardo O'Farrill he mentioned that he was also in norteño music groups during his childhood and adolescence with his twin brother Bryan. thus learning to play different instruments, including the guitar and the trumpet.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "As he grew up, he leaned more towards the guitar and, he says, he started writing songs out of boredom in his room as a hobby he decided to upload them to his YouTube channel and unexpectedly began to have many views, which made him focus more on this independent musical project. Before this project Kevin was interested in starting a photography project.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 2018, together with his twin brother, Bryan Kaarl, who acts as a trumpet player and doing second vocals, they would begin their musical project, Kevin Kaarl, releasing their first song «Amor viejo on YouTube, the which exceeded 19 million views. Some time later he would add his songs to digital platforms such as Spotify and Apple Music.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On February 28, 2019, his debut album, Hasta el fin del mundo, was released. It included singles such as, \"Si supieras\" (\"If you knew\"), \"Vámonos a marte\" and \"Colapso\", surpassing 100 million views on digital platforms. Later that same year, on November 7, he would release an EP titled San Lucas, from which his best-known singles are \"San Lucas\" and \"Abrazado a ti\". He also released different songs, such as \"Next to you\", a single he sings in English, \"Quédate\" and \"Más y más\", in a collaboration with Sebastián Romero.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In 2020, he released the single \"Es que yo te Quiero a ti\", during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the clip for this single, Kevin promoted the non-profit organization Justicia para nuestras hijas (\"Justice for our daughters\") and portrayed the pain suffered by families of victims of femicide in Mexico.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In 2021, Kevin only released two more works, \"Por ti me quedo en San Luis\", along with singer Un León Marinero and \"Toda esta ciudad\". In addition, he worked Mexican musician Daniel Quién's album Aroma a nostalgia on the song \"Dime que siempre vamos a estar juntos\" (\"Tell me that we are always going to be together\"). That same year, it was announced that he would be part of the list of artists at the Vive Latino 2022 festival.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "On June 14, 2021, Kevin announced that he was working on a new album, however, it was not until July 28, 2022, that he announced the release date of August 25, 2022, when he released his second studio album, Paris Texas.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "On June 2 the music video of \"Como me encanta\" was released on YouTube as the single that would open the new album. Paris Texas was inspired by the film Paris, Texas. The album is made up of 13 songs including singles like \"Como me encanta\" (\"How I Love It.\") The most listened to songs were \"Te quiero tanto\" (\"I love you so much\"), \"Siente más\" (\"Feel more\"), \"Llora más\" (\"Cry more\") and \"Nunca te supe cuidar\" (\"I never knew how to take care of you\").", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Most of the songs on Paris Texas were written and produced by Kaarl, however songs such as \"Cuéntame una historia de rencor\" was made in collaboration with the Spanish singer El Guincho. Likewise, the American producer Chris Coadi participated in songs like \"¿Por qué no me comprendes?\" (\"Why don't you understand me?\") and \"Nunca te supe cuidar\" (\"I never knew how to take care of you.\") That same year, in 2022, he announced his first international tour where he performed in American cities such as Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Houston, New York City and Chicago, in Europe in countries such as Spain and Germany, as well as Latin America and Mexico.", "title": "Biography and artistic career" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "In November 2020, he published his single \"Es que yo te Quiero a ti\". At the end of that month he released a music video, which points out the violence against women, feminicide and forced disappearance of women in Mexico. The video shows a mother trying to look for her daughter, raising awareness of the social problem taking on greater seriousness for young people. Regarding the song, Kevin commented: \"The meaning of 'Es que yo te quiero a ti' is very strong because it reflects the fear, helplessness, sadness and anger that people feel when a loved one is taken away from them.\" The song refers to the search for people who did not return home, as well as sentimental and personal themes. The original idea of making the video with this theme was proposed by Bruno Gaeta and Renata Rojas, directors of the video. In addition, the money raised from viewings of \"Es que yo te quiero a ti\" went to the Mexican non-governmental organization \"Justicia para nuestras hijas\" (\"Justice for Our Daughters\").", "title": "Philanthropy and activism" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Kevin Kaarl mixes folk and alternative indie in most of his songs, whether in Spanish or English. In the collaboration he has done with Un León Marinero in \"Por ti yo me quedo en San Luis\" he has not changed his type of style, since both share the same musical vibe, thus interpreting a folk song.", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Among his musical influences, Kevin says that when he starts a song he does not have a base of inspiration from a specific artist but, when listening to different songs from different artists and bands, he mixes bases of songs that he has heard to, finally, be able to get inspired. and have a solid foundation for his songs.", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "\"Mi estilo de música va basado mucho en las experiencias que he vivido y el cómo las he vivido, toda la mezcla de sentimientos que se me cruzaron en el momento y también un poco sobre mi perspectiva de la vida. Entonces al momento de escribir una canción intento describirlo con mi voz y mi guitarra.\"", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "\"My style of music is based a lot on the experiences I have lived and how I have lived them, the whole mix of feelings that crossed my mind at the time and also a little on my perspective on life. So when I write a song I try to describe it with my voice and my guitar.\"", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "Kevin in an interview for Diario Querétaro.", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "For the first time, he and his brother Bryan performed covers of singers like Christian Nodal, Chalino Sánchez, and typical songs from Norteño music. For the album Paris, Texas, Kaarl included new musical genres such as pop, alternative music and dream pop. The American band The Lumineers also served as inspiration for the EP, San Lucas to which has a touch of música campirana style, incorporating Mexican folkloric music combined with country music. Other artists that inspire Kevin are David Bowie and Beach House making reference to them on his album Paris, Texas. The song \"Como me encanta\" (\"How I Love It\") has chords similar to \"Heroes\".", "title": "Art" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "In 2018, during his studies in communication sciences, he began directing music videos, directing an alternative music video of the single \"Fuentes de Ortiz\" by the singer Ed Maverick, which was released that same year. Finally, the video clip was removed by Kevin's own decision, due to disagreements with Ed.", "title": "Other projects" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Later, upon moving to Chihuahua, Kaarl began composing his own music with songs like \"Baby blue\" or \"Amor viejo\" (\"Old love\"), at the same time he was studying. He started making some music videos and photographs with the help of his friends, and with his older brother's old Lumix camera. On September 18, 2018, he published his first lyrical video for the song \"Amor Viejo\" reaching more than 33 million views on YouTube.", "title": "Other projects" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Since 2020, Kevin has been in a relationship with lawyer Ashley Loya, who also acts in different music videos, such as \"San Lucas\" and \"Te quiero tanto\".", "title": "Private life" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "In an interview for Roberto Martínez, in his podcast Creativo, Kaarl mentioned that during the COVID-19 Pandemic he suffered from anxiety and depression which led him to feel disoriented, lose his personality and make his own decision to shave his head. His manager took the initiative to take him to therapy with a psychologist to try to resolve the problems that Kevin was going through. In the interview he also commented that he felt harassed because of the fame he was obtaining due to his multiple musical successes.", "title": "Private life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Blinaja (Albanian definite form: Blinajë), also known as the Blinaja Hunting Area of Special Importance (Albanian: Vendgjuetia me Rëndësi të Veçantë \"Blinaja\"), is a hunting area of special importance in Kosovo. It was initially established in 1955 and later re-established in February 2009 with a total area of 2,794 hectares (6,900 acres). The protection of this park falls under the responsibility of the Kosovo Forestry Agency.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Blinaja is situated in the western region of the lowland of Kosovo and is approximately 32 kilometres (20 mi) southwest of Pristina. The terrain elevates to heights ranging from 600 m (2,000 ft) to 850 m (2,790 ft) meters above sea level, encompassing a hilly expanse dedicated to hunting grounds.", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Within this hunting area, the living plant life showcases a multitude of indigenous species alongside a diverse wild fauna. The thriving vegetation is a product of historical evolutionary processes and favorable geographical, orographic, climatic, geological, and pedological conditions. The terrain is marked by a hill belt with moderate breaks and no distinct slopes. Hydrographically, there are small ravines that dry up completely in the summer. To ensure a consistent water supply, 30 water catchment dams have been built.", "title": "Biodiversity" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The majority of the forest cover, exceeding 90%, consists of coppice forests, while the remaining features include tall forests, meadows, pastures, water bodies, etc.", "title": "Biodiversity" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The most prevalent species cultivated in the Blinaja hunting area include roe deer, wild boar, fallow deer and red deer among others. In addition to these, the Blinaja hosts 82 carnivorous species found in Protected Areas of Nature, such as the wolf, fox, badger and the European wildcat, as well as birds like the imperial eagle, stone partridge and goshawk. Throughout the year and various seasons, the area also attracts numerous migratory birds that make intermittent stopovers.", "title": "Biodiversity" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Blinaja is a confined hunting ground, signifying restricted movement for both cultivated fauna and natural predators. The absence of predators emphasizes hunting as the primary method for regulating animal populations and sustaining biological balance. This approach prevents an excessive rise in animal numbers beyond the biological equilibrium, ensuring optimal conditions for food availability and the preservation of the ecosystem.", "title": "Biodiversity" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jorge Cauas (13 August 1934 – 22 December 2023) was a Chilean politician and diplomat who served as Minister of Finance and Ambassador to the United States.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of protected areas of the Togo.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jirón Callao is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Paruro. Its route extends to the west along Jirón Ica.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Its last block is known as Capón Street, and is the location of the city's Chinatown. The street has numerous food businesses selling Asian products, chifas and tea rooms.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535. In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Ucayali, after the Department of Ucayali. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a list of protected areas of the Rwanda.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This multi-page article lists pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Abbreviations are used in the list as follows:", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Lists of drugs 1–9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Fa | Fe | Fi | Fl | Fm–Ft | Fu–Fy", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bertana was a 7th-century abbess.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In a charter dated to 6 November 676 Bertana was granted 100 hides of land adjacent to the city of Bath to set up a nunnery there.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "G. T. Karber is an American author of the Murdle series of murder mystery puzzle books.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Karber was raised in Arkansas, the son of a judge and a civil rights attorney.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics and English literature from the University of Arkansas, and an MFA from the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "For Christmas 2023, Murdle was the bestselling book in the UK.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Karber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mayor Owens may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "George Lugalambi is a media development specialist and researcher currently serving as the executive director at the African Centre for Media Excellence (ACME). He was appointed to this position in July 2022, succeeding Peter Mwesige.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a journalist and newspaper editor of The Crusader. George also serves on the panel of judges for the Uganda National Journalism Awards. Between 2008 and 2011, he was the head of the Department of Journalism and Communication at Makerere University. Before he was appointed the head of the department at the school, in 1993 after graduation, George started teaching at the school and was later promoted to a senior lecturer in 2007 after attaining a doctorate in 2006. From mid-2011 to early 2017, he served as the Manager of the Capacity Development Programme for strengthening media oversight of the extractive sectors of oil, gas, and mining at the Natural Resource Governance Institute. He contributed to Global Muckrakers in 2014 and co-edited Africa Muckraking in 2017. In 2023, he was appointed the new president of Rotary Club Muyenga Tank Hill. George also coordinates the Uganda Media Sector Working Group (UMSWG) that was formed in 2022.", "title": "Work experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Before joining ACME, Lugalambi was an academic for a decade at Makerere University and moved into international media development in 2011 where he has spearheaded and executed media capacity development initiatives in several countries, including Uganda, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Myanmar, Guinea-Conakry, and Lebanon. He has also worked as a communication practitioner, specializing in social and behavior change as well as corporate communication. In addition to his work in Uganda, he has also made contributions in Rwanda, Ethiopia, and Zambia.", "title": "Work experience" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He holds a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Communication from the University of South Africa where he attained his doctorate in Journalism and Mass Communication in 2006.", "title": "Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "While working at The Crusader, he was arrested and detained overnight at the Kampala Central Police Station on the 17th of December 1998. He was charged before the Presiding Magistrate Jane Alividza at the Kampala Magistrate Court with promoting sectarianism which is contrary to section 42 a (i) (d) of the Penal Code Act as amended by Statute 9 of 1988.", "title": "Incidences" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rina Yasutake was a Japanese woman living in the United Kingdom who died after a long period of self-isolation. She subsequently became the subject of mysteries surrounding the nature of her death.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 2018, a Japanese woman named Rina Yatsuka lived in England with her mother Michiko Yasutake, 80, sister Yoshika Yasutake,51, and her brother Takahiro Yasutake, 56. Her mother got divorced and they moved to Britain after marrying a British man.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In childhood, Rina was a very talented student and performed well throughout her academic career. Her family was pretty self reliant. She was educated at a private school called Queen Mary's High School near Thirsk in North Yorkshire. Later on in life her talent got her a scholarship and got into Cambridge University. She studied classics and specialized in linguistics. She did not work full time but was a talented artist who on occasion sold her work.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After entering into university she cut of her contact with the classmates. As an adult the life of her changed very drastically. After graduation she didn't do any job. She didn't even tried to find any job. She vanished somewhere.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "She then lived with her family who was very reclusive and more cut off from the world. The family moved to Helmsley, where they lived for two decades but they were not part of the community. They don't even keep any device like television, radio, etc. in their house that they can enjoy. It seemed that it was very difficult for the family to communicate with the outside world. Even \"the Japanese they spoke was fairly unique.\" Their Japanese language was changing day by day. Rina's father in Japan passed away in her adulthood. After that she fell into bed for help. Her family noticed she had been behaving very strangely but they did not gave her any medication. Since 2013 she was treated for something be called \"an aggressive episode\".", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Sudden behavior changes were shown in her. By April 2018 she gradually stopped eating until she moved into her bed left. Her family didn't have any idea why this was happening. They didn't take her to hospital as they feared that something bad could happen to her.The family encouraged her to eat and told her that it was the past and nothing could change now. However she kept getting weaker and weaker. By this point Rina was 4.11 less than 90 pounds, 150 cm and lastly 41 kilogram. Rina's elder sister said she didn't say much to us. So we said to eat and drink more. She looked like she was nourished by eating her soul and was fulfilled.", "title": "Self isolation" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In August 2018, she stopped drinking and eating entirely. According to her family she stopped moving after that completely. She didn't respond any longer. This way she passed away at the age 49 years old. Then Rina was like this for over a month. In September 2018 Rina's two older siblings was going to local pharmacy everyday. The siblings were buying surgical spirit B.P, two bottles at a time, which they indicated to the pharmacist was for their sister. Staff reported that they could smell dead bodies. The pharmacist alerted the authorities, and an ambulance and police went to the house.", "title": "Self isolation" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Evidence from an ambulance worker said it was obvious Yasutake was dead. An inquest on Friday told that the partially mummified body of 49-year-old Rina Yasutake was found on a mattress in her home on 25 September 2018. Her family especially her elder sister Yoshika was not able to accept that she was dead. In fact she was not only denying her death but also assured that her body was warm and still had a pulse.", "title": "Investigation and trials" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Later on her body was taken, and a post-mortem examination took place. The Inspector Nichola Holden was given the duty to investigate this case, but after a lot of investigation she have seen that her family was still convinced that she was alive for many months. No expert has been able to suggest a cause of death. No evidence was found about how Rina died. The exact cause of death was uncertain also there was no reason for suspicious. Her family simply suffered from a rare mental affliction which has created a unique situation for the criminal court.It was very unusual but obviously very tragic and also very upsetting for the family as well, given they have lost a loved one.", "title": "Investigation and trials" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "People's Republic of China Exit and Entry Permit is a travel document issued by the People's Republic of China government to Chinese citizens for border trade and tourism.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Malikappuram : Apathbandhavan ayyappan (transl. Malikappuram:Ayyappa – transl. Ayyappan who helps during troublesome Times) is an Indian devotional television series which airing on Asianet and streaming on Disney+ Hotstar. The series revolves around the relationship between Muthassi, a devout grandmother, and her granddaughter Unnimol, both devotees of Ayyappan and desires to visit Sabarimala Temple. South Indian actress K. R. Vijaya and child artist Eithal play the lead roles This series is the fifth season of Swami Ayyappan franchise.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is produced by S.Murugan under the banner of SreeSaran Creations after the success of Padatha Painkili. K. R. Vijaya is making her television comeback with this series. Baby Eithal Evana Sherin is making her television debut along with debutantes Aarav and Sreedev.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Title tracks are adapted from Merryland 's production Swami Ayyappan and sabarimala Swami Ayyappan TV series.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Arnau Casas Arcas (born March 15, 2004) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a defender for Sarpsborg 08 FF.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Casas grew up aspiring to be a professional footballer, physiotherapist, or lawyer.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Casas played for Norwegian side Sarpsborg 08 FF.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Casas mainly operates as a defender and has been described as \"due to the elegance of him taking the ball from behind, is reminiscent of Piqué. Also for his leadership in ordering the team from behind. He also has a quality that makes him very difficult to overcome: he skillfully handles both legs\".", "title": "Style of play" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Casas is a native of Sant Cugat, Spain.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Francesco Daddi (Naples, 1864 – Chicago, 22 October 1945 ) was an Italian tenor. At the end of his career he also played bass roles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He began studying singing and piano, later dedicating himself to a career as an opera singer. He made his debut at the Teatro dal Verme in Milan in 1891 and the following year he created the role of Beppe in Ruggero Leoncavallo's opera Pagliacci in the same theater where he had made his debut. In 1900, he moved to London to sing at the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, where he performed an entire opera season.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His career was centered on supporting roles, which led him to sing in the United States. In 1907, he performed at the Manhattan Opera House. He sang tenor roles of supporting characters for several years, performing with famous singers such as Enrico Caruso, Marcella Sembrich, Louise Homer, Marcel Journet, and Antonio Scotti. He then moved to Chicago where he played comic bass roles until 1920, when he retired from the opera stage.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He made numerous phonograph recordings for Columbia Records, especially from 1900–1910.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michael Owens is an American politician serving as mayor of Mableton, Georgia, the largest city in Cobb County since April 21, 2023. He is the city's first mayor in over 100 years since it was reincorporated on November 8, 2022.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Owens grew up in rural North Carolina, his father and grandfather were both born in Columbus, Ohio. He stated that his grandparents had lived in Cobb County and that his relatives had lived \"up and down Veterans Memorial\" formerly known as Bankhead Highway. Owens served in the United States Marine Corps from June 1991 to June 1999 as a ground radio repairman. He also did some combat engineering and training in counterterrorism before going to a boot camp in Parris Island and an officer school in Quantico. He also worked as a business information security officer with consumer credit reporting agency Equifax.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the 2014 United States House of Representatives elections, he unsuccessfully challenged incumbent David Scott in the Democratic primary for Georgia's 13th congressional district. From 2016 to 2019, he served as Chair of the Cobb County Democratic Committee. In the 2020 United States House of Representatives elections, he unsuccessfully challenged incumbent David Scott again in the Democratic primary for Georgia's 13th congressional district. He unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination in the 2022 Georgia Secretary of State election in which he was endorsed by former Georgia governor Roy Barnes and senator Michael Rhett.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He announced he was running for mayor of Mableton in which he was again endorsed by Roy Barnes who grew up in Mableton. He was elected with 55.68% of the vote, while Aaron Carman received 44.32% of the vote. In July 2023, Owens and the city council attended a three-day training and orientation session at the headquarters of the Georgia Municipal Association. He also succeeded Mayor of Marietta Steve Tumlin as a member of the Cobb & Douglas County Board of Health.", "title": "Mayor of Mableton" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Owens has five children and lives in Cobb County.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1995 Asia Golf Circuit was the 34th season of the Asia Golf Circuit (formerly the Far East Circuit), one of the professional golf tours in Asia (outside of Japan) alongside the newly formed Asian PGA Tour.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The following table lists official events during the 1995 season.", "title": "Schedule" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The following events were sanctioned by the Asia Golf Circuit, but did not carry official money, nor were wins official.", "title": "Schedule" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Order of Merit was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars. The leading player on the Order of Merit earned status to play on the 1995 PGA of Japan Tour.", "title": "Order of Merit" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Ming-Đại Việt War of 1406–1428 was a conflict between the Ming dynasty of China and Vietnam (known as Đại Việt at the time). The Ming dynasty's objective was to annex Vietnam, and while they initially had some success, the Vietnamese ultimately defended their independence.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The war was sparked by a change in the ruling dynasty in Vietnam. The Ming dynasty did not recognize the legitimacy of the new Hồ dynasty, established in 1400, and demanded the return of the previous Trần dynasty. After their demands were rejected, they responded by invading Vietnam in 1406. The occupied territory was then formed into the province of Jiaozhi, becoming the fourteenth province of the Ming dynasy. Rebellions led by the princes of the Trần dynasty broke out against Chinese rule, but they were ultimately defeated. However, another rebellion led by Lê Lợi in 1418 proved to be too much for the Chinese to suppress. Due to military failures and the heavy cost of war, the Ming army eventually withdrew from Vietnam in 1428. This failure in Vietnam greatly undermined the authority of the Ming dynasty in Southeast Asia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Đại Việt (Vietnam, specifically the northern region of present-day Vietnam) had been politically independent of China since the 10th century, but was strongly influenced by Chinese culture. The founder of the Ming dynasty, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), considered the cost of expansion greater than the benefit of annexing what he considered \"barbaric and backward\" territories. Therefore, he included Đại Việt among the territories not to be conquered by his successors.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the 1390s, the Đại Việt emperors of the Trần dynasty lost power to the minister Lê Quý Ly (1335–1407, from 1400 Hồ Quý Ly). The latter incurred the displeasure of the Ming government when he crossed the border in the north and occupied the Siming district of Guangxi. In the south, Vietnam was repeatedly attacked by the Champa until 1390, when the Cham withdrew after their king fell in battle. In 1400, during civil war in China, Hồ Quý Ly overthrew the Trần dynasty and declared himself emperor of the new Hồ dynasty, changing the name of the state to Đại Ngu. In 1402, he abdicated in favor of his son Hồ Hán Thương, but still held power. In May 1403, he sent a message to the Ming emperor Yongle in Nanjing asking for recognition of his son's rule, on the grounds that the previous dynasty had died out and his son was the nephew of the Trần emperor.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In October 1404, Trần Thiêm Bình, the prince of the overthrown dynasty, arrived in Nanjing and accused Hồ Quý Ly of betraying the rightful ruler. He demanded his own enthronement. The emperor recognized Trần Thiêm Bình's claim in 1405 and invited Hồ Quý Ly to do the same. Hồ Quý Ly had no choice but to confess his crimes and agree to reinstate the Trần dynasty. In the spring of 1406, Trần Thiêm Bình traveled to Vietnam, but on 4 April, shortly after crossing the Sino-Vietnamese border, he was killed by Hồ's Vietnamese forces, along with most of his Chinese escort. When news of the massacre reached Nanjing, the Yongle Emperor, who was already hostile towards the Vietnamese due to their incursions into Champa, Guangxi, and Yunnan, decided to punish them.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 11 May 1406, the Yongle Emperor appointed Zhu Neng, the Duke of Cheng, as the commander of the punitive expedition. He also selected the experienced generals Zhang Fu and Mu Sheng as his deputies. However, before crossing the border, Zhu Neng died in November. As a result, the other two generals had to jointly lead the expedition. With a force of 215,000 men, they launched their attack from Yunnan and Guangxi. The attack was swift and successful, as the Ming troops were able to cross the border on 19 November 1406.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "By 20 and 26 January 1407, they had conquered the two capitals of Vietnam—Đông Đô (the Eastern Capital, present-day Hanoi) and Tây Đô (the Western Capital). Hồ Quý Ly and his family retreated to the south, where he organized a new army. However, the war continued for another six months before Hồ Quý Ly and his son were ultimately defeated and captured. They were then taken to Nanjing on 16 June 1407. Zhang Fu gathered the remaining supporters of the Trầns and organized their petition for Vietnam to join the Ming dynasty. The Yongle Emperor, pleased with the easy victory, officially incorporated Vietnam into the Ming dynasty as Jiaozhi Province on 5 July 1407, and began establishing an administration. Zhang Fu successfully crushed the remaining resistance and returned to China with most of the army in 1408.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The rapid conquest of Vietnam in 1406-1407 was a unique event in the history of Sino-Vietnamese conflicts from the 10th to the 20th century. Unlike previous conflicts where Vietnam successfully defended its independence, this time they were unable to do so. Despite careful preparations since 1401, several factors led to the collapse of the Vietnamese defense. On the defenders' side, there was a strong aversion to the new dynasty, low morale, and poor leadership by Hồ Quý Ly. On the other hand, the attackers had capable generals, particularly Zhang Fu, and well-equipped Ming armies with superior firearms and artillery. These weapons were particularly effective against both Vietnamese infantry and elephants, which had been a formidable force in the past. The Ming artillery also played a crucial role in defeating the Vietnamese fleet in river battles.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Vietnam became a part of the Ming dynasty as the Jiaozhi Province, on equal footing with the other provinces. The province was divided into 41 sub-prefectures and 208 counties. The province was led by former minister Huang Fu, but his relationship with the Ming court was problematic. An administration was established, consisting of both Chinese and Vietnamese officials. Future officials were educated in Confucian schools taught by Chinese teachers. The population was subject to taxes and labor duties similar to those in China. Colonies of military peasants were also formed, but they were unable to produce enough food to sustain the army stationed in Vietnam. As a result, food, weapons, and equipment had to be imported from China at a high cost. In contrast, Vietnamese experts were sent to China, with 7,600 merchants and craftsmen being sent to Nanjing in 1407. Additionally, the Vietnamese eunuch Nguyễn An played a major role in designing the new Ming capital of Beijing.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "After Vietnam became a part of the empire, it still felt like a foreign country to the Chinese. This was evident in the fact that officers were often sent there as a form of punishment, and positions in the civil administration were frequently given to individuals who had failed their civil service exams.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In September 1408, Trần Ngỗi launched an anti-Chinese resistance and declared the restoration of the Trần dynasty in the occupied territory. In response, Mu Sheng was sent from Yunnan to Vietnam to suppress the rebellion. However, the rebels were able to use their knowledge of the environment and gain support from the local inhabitants, successfully defending themselves against Mu Sheng's army. In early 1409, Zhang Fu joined the battle and ultimately defeated and captured Trần Ngỗi in December 1409. He was then recalled to the Mongol border.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "However, the fighting did not cease. Trần Quý Khoáng, the nephew of Trần Ngỗi, became the leader of the rebels. The Ming court offered him the rank of provincial governor, but Trần Quý Khoáng refused and the war continued. In early 1411, Zhang Fu returned with reinforcements and defeated the rebels twice, ultimately capturing their capital, Nghệ An (which the Chinese had already lost in 1408). Despite this victory, the fighting persisted. In 1414, Ming troops occupied four prefectures in the south of Vietnam, which had previously been conquered by Champa. However, the Ming's clumsy diplomacy worsened relations with Champa when they rejected her request to return these territories. The turning point in the war came on 30 March 1414, when Trần Quý Khoáng was captured. After his capture, the Vietnamese resistance weakened and in 1416, most of the Ming army was withdrawn.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "However, the period of calm was short-lived. The eunuch Ma Ji was sent to Vietnam, where his demands for excessive benefits and levies caused discontent among the local population. By the time Li Bin arrived in February 1417 to replace Zhang Fu, the situation had already begun to deteriorate. In late 1417, the Vietnamese, many of whom were military and civilian officials appointed by the Ming government, rebelled once again. The leader of the rebellion was Lê Lợi, who had previously fought under Trần Quý Khoáng and now declared himself king. Despite losing battles in 1419 and 1420, Lê Lợi turned to guerrilla tactics with the support of the local population. Despite the Ming government's deployment of a large number of troops, they were unable to defeat the Vietnamese. In 1422, Li Bin died and two years later, the Yongle Emperor, the main proponent of the expansionist policy at the Ming court, also died.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In 1424, the Hongxi Emperor dismissed Huang Fu, the governor of the province, and replaced him with Chen Zhi, Earl of Yongchang. According to historians, this decision to remove an experienced and respected governor was a grave mistake. Chen Zhi was unsuccessful in his role, facing challenges with supplies and a lack of knowledge about local conditions. As a result, on 8 May 1426, the Xuande Emperor made the decision to replace him with General Wang Tong. At the same time, the emperor announced to his ministers his intention to end the war in Vietnam. However, there were differing opinions among the ministers. Jian Yi and Xia Yuanji argued for the continuation of the war, while Yang Shiqi and Yang Yong supported the emperor's decision. Ultimately, it was decided to strengthen the army in Vietnam by sending 20,000 soldiers from China and recruiting 30,000 Vietnamese soldiers locally. Additionally, military peasants were mobilized, which further strained the supply situation for the troops.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Now the army of Lê Lợi had strengthened and was not inferior in weaponry to the Ming forces. The army was largely composed of Vietnamese soldiers led by Chinese officers. In the winter, Lê Lợi attacked the Ming garrisons and defeated them in several battles, causing the Ming forces to lose tens of thousands of soldiers. In January 1427, the emperor decided to send strong reinforcements to Vietnam, appointing Liu Sheng as their commander. At the same time, he sent Huang Fu to Vietnam. In April 1427, after a months-long siege, the Vietnamese captured the fortress of Xương Giang. This victory marked a turning point in the war–a shift from guerrilla tactics to a regular army capable of openly confronting the enemy. In September 1427, when Liu Sheng's army of 150,000 men approached the borders, Lê Lợi unexpectedly sent a message to the Ming court, proposing to recognize Trần Cảo, a descendant of the Trần dynasty, as the ruler of Vietnam if the Chinese guaranteed autonomy. A few days later, Liu Sheng's army was defeated and lost 70,000 men. Wang Tong then agreed to Lê Lợi's terms and began to retreat to China. The Ming court only learned of Lê Lợi's offer on 16 November, a month after Liu Sheng's defeat. The ministers were still divided in their opinions on the conflict, but the emperor accepted Lê Lợi's proposal to restore the Trần dynasty and in the first months of 1428, both the military and civilian personnel of the Ming court left Vietnam. However, after his victory, Lê Lợi informed the Chinese envoys that Trần Cảo had died and he would rule alone. He also refused to repatriate the remaining Chinese soldiers and officials.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "In 1428 and 1429, the Xuande Emperor demanded the restoration of the Trần dynasty. However, it was not until 1431, after receiving a humble letter from Lê Lợi, that he recognized Lê Lợi's rule over Vietnam de facto. This recognition was given with the title of \"administrator of the affairs of Annam\", rather than as king. It wasn't until 1436, under the new Emperor Yingzong, that Lê Lợi's successor was officially recognized as the ruler of Vietnam.", "title": "The war" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The Chinese occupation of Vietnam had a significant impact on the restored Vietnamese state, particularly in the military field. The use of advanced firearms allowed Vietnam to ultimately win the centuries-long war against Champa in the 16th century. Additionally, the twenty years of annexation to the Ming dynasty greatly influenced Vietnamese culture and administrative practices.", "title": "The war" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2019 FIBA 3x3 U18 Europe Cup – Men's tournament is the fifth edition of this continental championship. The event was held in Tbilisi, Georgia. It was contested by 12 teams.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lithuania won their first title with a win against France in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, was given the hosting rights.", "title": "Host selection" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Six teams qualified automatically, while two teams from qualifiers that were held in France, Italy and Hungary completed the field of twelve.", "title": "Qualified teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The seeding and groups were as follows:", "title": "Seeding" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "All times are local.", "title": "Knockout stage" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "These players were given the awards after the competition:", "title": "Awards" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "George Nicholas Wilson (born March 12, 1942) was a former Arkansas State Legislator.. Wilson served in the Arkansas Senate from 1971 to 2000 including as President of the Arkansas Senate from 1987 to 1988. He was convicted of racketeering and tax fraud. After his conviction he and his wife deducted the restitution from their taxes before being forced to repay the money with interest. He was a delegate at Arkansas' 1969 Constitutional Convention.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "His post office was list as in Pocohantas. He was part of a corrupt ring of Arkansas lawmakers.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Eliana Burki (13 September 1983 in Feldbrunnen – 24 April 2023 in Switzerland) was a Swiss musician, best known for her unconventional playing of the alphorn. She composed and performed on the alphorn as a lead instrument in multiple genres, including pop, funk and world music. At the same time, she succeeded in creating her own musical niche, which brought her international attention, media coverage and bookings for concerts all over the world.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Eliana Burki has been playing the alphorn since she was six years old. One of her first public appearances was at the Northwestern Switzerland Yodeling Festival in Schönenwerd, when she played among men at the age of nine. As she didn't like the traditional behaviour surrounding the alphorn, she didn't play in a traditional costume, as is usually the case when playing the alphorn. As a teenager, she discovered her fondness for blues and jazz compositions.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Burki broke off her training as a veterinary assistant at the age of 16. She studied piano and singing at the Basel University of Music, as alphorn was not available as a subject. She repeatedly played classical alphorn concerts as a soloist with various orchestras. In addition to her work as a musician, she provided free music therapy at a children's clinic in Davos for children with cystic fibrosis.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Burki and her band (I Alpinisti) have performed worldwide. She made special appearances at the team draw for Euro 2008 and as an ambassador for Swiss music. The CD Heartbeat, which was produced with David Richards at Mountain Studios, was released in 2007. This was followed in 2011 by the album Travellin' Root, produced by John Boylan. On the album Alpine Horn Symphonic (2012), she performed as a soloist with the Munich Radio Orchestra led by Johannes Schlaefli, playing works by Daniel Schnyder, Jean Daetwyler and herself.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Her album Arcardia (2016) was created in collaboration with producer Christian Lohr and the Solis String Quartet. Burki made her last concert appearance on 14 February 2023 as a soloist in Jean Daetwyler's Alphorn Concerto with the Braunschweig State Orchestra at the Scharoun Theatre in Wolfsburg. In addition to classic wooden alphorns, Burki also used lighter, extendable instruments made of carbon fibre. The \"Burki horn\", an alphorn she developed with a trumpet/whale horn valve (wind instrument) attachment, also allows the formation of chromatic tones, in contrast to the scale of the classical instrument, which is limited to the natural tone series.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Burki lived in Solothurn and Los Angeles, and the last two years before her death in Biel, Switzerland. She died on 24 April 2023 at the age of 39 as a result of a brain tumour. She is survived by her partner, the US writer Blas Ulibarri, and two children.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Small Prix Walo 2006", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Prix Walo 2012 in the section Jazz/Blues/World Music", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "On 19 March 2014, 69-year-old Nancy Gan Wan Geok (颜婉玉 Yán Wǎnyù) was murdered by her newly hired maid, an 18-year-old Indonesian named Dewi Sukowati, who slammed Gan's head against a wall before throwing her body into a swimming pool of Gan's house, resulting in Gan's death from a brain injury and drowning. Gan, a socialite who allegedly abused Dewi prior to the killing itself. Dewi was arrested and charged with murder, but after she was assessed to be suffering from diminished responsibility at the time of the murder, Dewi's charge was reduced to manslaughter before her trial started, and she pleaded guilty to the reduced charge. on the same date when she submitted her plea of guilt, Dewi was sentenced to 18 years' imprisonment on 31 May 2016.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 19 March 2014, inside her bungalow at Victoria Park, Bukit Timah, an elderly woman was found dead in her swimming pool and with head injuries. On that same day itself, the woman's newly hired maid, a 23-year-old Indonesian citizen, was arrested on suspicion for murdering her employer. The maid was reportedly hired less than a week prior to the murder of Gan.", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The victim was later identified as 69-year-old socialite Nancy Gan Wan Geok, a Hong Kong-born Singaporean who was the ex-wife of a Hong Kong politician. Gan herself was a porcelain painter and pianist who was known for her engagement in philanthropic activities and contributing her artworks to charity. At the time of her death, Gan left behind five sisters, two brothers and two children (aged in their 30s) from one of Gan's previous marriages. Gan's daughter Sharon Lim was living in London, where she worked as a doctor, while Gan's son Victor Lim lived together with her in Singapore and was on a business trip in Seoul, South Korea, and he was rushing back to Singapore after receiving news of his mother's death.", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Forensic pathologist Dr Wee Keng Poh later conducted an autopsy on the victim. He found that Gan sustained a fractured skull that led to head injuries which were sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death. Dr Wee also stated that the drowning itself had also primarily contributed to her death, and hence concluded the cause of death to be both drowning and the fatal head injuries Gan sustained. Although the crime scene itself was clean, forensic experts were able to use forensic technology to reveal the bloodstains that had been reportedly washed by the maid, including a trail of blood that started from the bedroom of the victim to the swimming pool, suggesting that Gan was dragged to the pool after she was allegedly killed in her bedroom.", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Three days later, a funeral was held at Mount Vernon Sanctuary funeral home on 22 March 2014, with Gan's friends and family members attending the funeral itself before her cremation a day later. Gan's family were reportedly still in shock over what happened, and Gan's second sister Helen Gan remembered the victim as \"a generous person, very giving, very affectionate\". None of the political figures or dignitaries from Gan's social circle was invited out of consideration to keep the wake private. Gan's second ex-husband Hilton Cheong-Leen, a former Hong Kong politician, was also present at the funeral. Gan's stepdaughter Flora Cheong-Leen told a newspaper that although she was not close to her stepmother, she was saddened to learn about Gan's murder. Gan's family members, however, stated that they had never met her maid, who was charged with her murder two days before the funeral.", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The murder of Nancy Gan was the second case of a maid killing her employer or the employer's family member(s) during that month itself. Earlier this month, a 24-year-old Myanmar maid Than Than Win was arrested for murdering her employer's 87-year-old mother-in-law Yong Wan Lan. Than was later found guilty of manslaughter and jailed for 13 years in July 2015.", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 20 March 2014, a day after Nancy Gan was murdered, her new maid, identified as 23-year-old Dewi Sukowati, was officially charged with murder in the Subordinate Courts of Singapore. Under the law, offenders convicted of murder could face the death penalty. Mohamed Muzammil bin Mohamed, a veteran lawyer who formerly represented several maids charged with murder (including Sundarti Supriyanto who killed her abusive employer), was engaged by the Indonesian embassy to defend Dewi during her upcoming murder trial. Dewi was also ordered to undergo psychiatric remand at Changi Women's Prison for three weeks. Her parents were also summoned to provide assistance in investigations.", "title": "Investigations" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "During the course of investigations however, it was discovered that Dewi was possibly not 23 years old at the time of the murder, and her lawyer also requested to the court to amend her age. It was first reported by the Indonesian media that Dewi's registered date of birth on her passport, which was 5 August 1990, was likely to be false, and for this issue, Dewi's father was summoned to Singapore to assist in investigations regarding this matter and the Indonesian authorities also conducted a probe on the individuals who took part in the falsification of Dewi's age. Eventually, the authorities verified that Dewi's actual age was 18 years and seven months old at the time of the offence and her actual date of birth was 5 August 1995. Given her true age was 18 at the time of the murder, Dewi could still be sentenced to death if she was found guilty of murder, because the laws of Singapore allowed the courts to impose a death sentence for offenders aged 18 and above at the time of the offence, should such convicts were found guilty of whichever crime that warrants capital punishment. On the other hand, criminals aged below 18 at the time of the offence would be spared the gallows and instead sentenced to life imprisonment if they were found guilty of murder.", "title": "Investigations" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 21 April 2015, Dewi's murder charge was reduced to a lesser offence of culpable homicide not amounting to murder, also known as manslaughter in Singapore's legal terms, and the reduction of the charge allowed Dewi to no longer face the death penalty for murdering Gan. The possible punishment Dewi would face for manslaughter is either life imprisonment or up to 20 years' jail.", "title": "Investigations" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "According to Dr Kenneth Koh, a psychiatrist from the Institute of Mental Health, he found that Dewi was suffering from \"acute stress reaction\", a psychological disorder resulting from exposure to trauma. According to Dr Koh, Dewi's condition, coupled by social factors such as her young age, her past experiences of abuse by her father, had significantly impaired her judgment, impulse control and mental responsibility at the time of the murder. Therefore, Dewi's murder charge was reduced on the grounds of diminished responsibility.", "title": "Investigations" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Nancy Gan Wan Geok was born in Hong Kong on 27 February 1945, and she spent her childhood growing up in Singapore. Gan was the oldest of eight children, and her father was a commander. Gan studied overseas at one point during her schooling years, and she graduated from Trinity College London, and became a classical pianist. Gan also became a porcelain painter after she first picked up the craft in 1974. Gan had held exhibitions of her porcelain paintings in Hong Kong from 1988 to 1992, and she also held such events in other countries like Singapore, the United States and Australia.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "When she reached adulthood, Gan was married to a Malaysian surgeon (surnamed Lim) and had two children (one son and one daughter), but shortly after the birth of their son, Gan's first husband died. Afterwards, Gan married a second time to Hong Kong politician Hilton Cheong-leen in 1988, and had four stepchildren from Cheong-Leen's first marriage (including Flora Cheong-Leen). Gan and Cheong-leen later divorced on an unknown date.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "After her divorce, Gan returned to Singapore and settled there up until her death. Gan would continue to paint landscapes, flora and fauna on porcelain and regularly donate her artworks to charity, and also devoted much of her time to philanthropic activities in Singapore and the Far East. Gan herself also participated in fund-raising activities for the Singapore Association of the Visually Handicapped, Singapore Cancer Society and the Bone Marrow Donor Programme. Gan was described by her kin and friends to be gregarious, neat in appearance and talented, and she was known for her kind-hearted and well-mannered character.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Born on 5 August 1995, Dewi Sukowati was the eldest of three daughters in her family, who all came from Pati, a village in Central Java, Indonesia. She reportedly had a bad relationship with her father, who constantly abused her. Her sisters were aged 17 and four respectively at the time she was tried for killing Nancy Gan.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Dewi studied up to her third year in secondary school, and due to her family's poverty, Dewi was sent to work as a maid. However, she did not go through the normal procedure of having a three-month mandatory training as a maid. Instead, Dewi underwent a one-day crash course of training as a maid and was therefore sent off to Singapore for employment despite being ill-equipped. Not only that, although Dewi was 18 years old and had not attained the legal minimum age of 23 to work as a maid in Singapore, her date of birth was changed to 5 August 1990 to make her five years older than her real age, enabling her to bypass the legal requirements. She was hired by Nancy Gan and her first day of work at Gan's household was on 13 March 2014. However, for the first six days of her work, Dewi was allegedly receiving verbal and physical abuse from Gan, due to Dewi not performing up to her expectations as a maid. On the first day, Dewi was reportedly poked on the head by Gan, who also used a broomstick to hit her on her head.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The following was the official version of the murder of Nancy Gan, based on the confession of Dewi Sukowati and other evidence gathered by the authorities.", "title": "Account of the murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "On 19 March 2014, the sixth day of Dewi's job at Gan's house, Dewi woke up at 5.30am to start her work for the day itself. Two hours later, Dewi was tasked by Gan to bring her a glass of water. However, after doing so, Gan splashed the water on Dewi's face and threw the tray onto the floor, as the maid was using the wrong type of tray for the glass of water, and that was not the first time she made the same mistake. Dewi tried picking it up but Gan grabbed it first and hit Dewi on the head, and after scolding Dewi, Gan threatened that she would cut down Dewi's monthly salary to S$200 a month.", "title": "Account of the murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "According to Dewi, after she endured six days of alleged abuse and upon hearing the threat of getting her pay cut, it became the proverbial straw that broke the camel's back and Dewi finally lost her cool. Dewi grabbed hold of Gan's hair and hands and swung her employer's head against the wall. Dewi stated that she originally meant to slam Gan's face against the wall, but instead, Gan was hit on the back of her head against the wall because she resisted in the course of the scuffle. This led to fractures of her skull and Gan fell unconscious after getting hit. Dewi was greatly panicked at the sight of massive bleeding from Gan's wound and it took her ten minutes before Dewi checked to see if Gan had died. After feeling a weak heartbeat from Gan's chest, Dewi decided to place Gan's body in the swimming pool of the house in order to drown her and make it look like Gan committed suicide, and she did so out of fear that Gan might wake up and call the police. During the process of dragging Gan's body to the pool, Dewi was reminded of the resentment and anger she harboured towards Gan for the alleged mistreatment and hence she slammed Gan's head against the edge of a ceramic-tiled staircase step. After placing the body in the pool, Dewi also threw her employer's sandals into the pool to further create the false impression of a suicide.", "title": "Account of the murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "After she threw Gan's corpse into the swimming pool, Dewi rushed back into the house to clean it and remove the bloodstains. She first cleaned away the trail of blood from the deceased's bedroom to the swimming pool by mopping the floor multiple times, and disposed of the bloodstained items from Gan's bungalow. Dewi also changed into a fresh set of clothes because her own clothes were stained with the blood of her employer, and she soaked her blood-stained clothing in a pail inside her room's toilet to remove the bloodstains.", "title": "Account of the murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "Once she finished cleaning the house, Dewi went outside to a neighbour's house to seek help, and later, she managed to approach a dispatch driver named Mohammad Hasri bin Abdul Hamid, and told him that her employer was in the swimming pool and she needed help. Mohammad Hasri entered the house with Dewi and after seeing Gan's body in the pool, he called the police and it thus led to the arrest of Dewi as a result.", "title": "Account of the murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "Less than a year after the reduction of her murder charge, Dewi Sukowati was originally scheduled to stand trial at the High Court on 5 January 2016 for manslaughter, but due to the prosecution requiring more time to study the mitigation plea from the defence, the trial was delayed until a later date. Eventually, four months later, on 31 May 2016, Dewi officially stood trial at the High Court, where she pleaded guilty to manslaughter. The trial was presided by Judicial Commissioner Foo Chee Hock of the High Court.", "title": "Trial of Dewi Sukowati" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "The prosecution, led by Deputy Public Prosecutors Chee Min Ping and James Low, sought the second-highest sentence of 20 years' imprisonment for Dewi, stating that even though she suffered from diminished responsibility at the material time, Dewi nonetheless initiated a “brutal” and “deliberate” attack on a vulnerable victim, and her mental condition was not severe enough to prevent her from realising the gravity and consequences of her actions, and there was no justification for Dewi to take a life even in such a situation where she had to deal with an abusive employer. On the other hand, Dewi's lawyer Mohamed Muzammil Mohamed argued in mitigation that Dewi should be given a lower jail term of between ten and 12 years, citing that Dewi had underwent abuse from Gan and she did not receive sufficient training before her employment and hence was inexperienced in her line of work and she was incapable of adjusting to life in a foreign country, and thus asked for leniency in her case. Mohamed also submitted an affidavit containing the testimony of Nurul Putri Mildanti, an Indonesian maid who used to work at Gan's house in 2013, who also stated that she was regularly scolded and hit by Gan whenever she did not perform up to expectations, although the judge would later reject this affidavit due to it not being admissible.", "title": "Trial of Dewi Sukowati" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "On the same date of Dewi's conviction, Judicial Commissioner Foo delivered his verdict. On one hand, he accepted that Dewi was suffering from diminished responsibility at the material time, and he also accepted other factors such as Dr Koh's contention that Dewi could still recover with appropriate treatment and had a low risk of re-offending, her young age, her personal circumstances, the abuse and provocation issued by Gan and the need for rehabilitation. On the other hand, however, Judicial Commissioner Foo directed his attention to the aggravating factors of the crime, stating that even though it was not disputed that Dewi was provoked into fracturing Gan's skull by slamming her head on the wall, Dewi's subsequent actions of throwing the unconscious Gan into the swimming pool to properly render her dead and attempt to cover up the crime as suicide demonstrated a high degree of calculation and premeditation. Judicial Commissioner Foo also found that in the face of the provocation given, Dewi had reacted grossly out of proportion and thus savagely and brutally inflicted the injuries on Gan, so much so that in the absence of drowning, Gan's head injuries alone were sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death. Judicial Commissioner Foo also stated that by killing Gan in cold blood at the sanctity of Gan's home, Dewi betrayed the trust reposed in her as the caregiver of Gan's home and hence, Judicial Commissioner Foo concluded that a harsh sentence was warranted for the purposes of deterrence and retribution.", "title": "Trial of Dewi Sukowati" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Therefore, Judicial Commissioner Foo sentenced 20-year-old Dewi Sukowati to jail for 18 years, and ordered her jail term to commence from the date of her arrest on 19 March 2014.", "title": "Trial of Dewi Sukowati" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "In September 2016, Dewi Sukowati appealed against her jail term of 18 years, on the grounds that it was manifestly excessive. Mohamed Muzammil Mohamed continued to represent her in the appeal, while the prosecution was led by Mohamed Faizal Mohamed Abdul Kadir and Teo Lu Jia. On 16 January 2017, Dewi's appeal against her sentence was dismissed by the Court of Appeal.", "title": "Dewi's appeal" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "The appellate court's three judges - Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon and two Judges of Appeal Judith Prakash and Tay Yong Kwang - found that the 18-year sentence was not manifestly excessive in Dewi's case, even though they accepted the mitigating factors of Dewi's case, such as the low degree of premeditation, the provocation by Nancy Gan, Dewi's mental condition and her tender age of 18 at the time of the offence, reason being they found that after the first assault, Dewi's subsequent acts of throwing the unconscious victim into her swimming pool and covering up the death as suicide were demonstrative of her intention to silence Gan and avoid retribution from the authorities for having assaulted Gan, and based on the precedent cases of maids killing their employers or their employers' family member(s), the nature of Dewi's case was aggravated and brutal and it was comparable to the more serious cases where the maximum sentence of life in prison or 20 years in jail was imposed, and hence, they found no initiative to reduce Dewi's jail term, and thus upheld the trial decision.", "title": "Dewi's appeal" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "Currently, Dewi is incarcerated at Changi Women's Prison since March 2014. Should she maintained good behavior while in prison, Dewi would be released on parole after completing at least two-thirds of her sentence (equivalent to 12 years).", "title": "Dewi's appeal" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "In the aftermath of the case, in light of the increasing number of underaged maids gaining employment in Singapore by falsifying their ages, the Ministry of Manpower was introducing measures to clamp down on those who were responsible for the breaches of the minimum age requirement of foreign maids. In 2018, an employment agency proprietor Khor Siew Tiang, a 35-year-old Singapore permanent resident, was arrested for attempting to send two 13-year-old girls from Myanmar into Singapore as domestic maids, and she faced either a fine or a jail term not exceeding six months for this offence. Khor was eventually fined S$5,000 after she pleaded guilty in court that same year.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "The Indonesian government also paid more attention to the plight of their citizens who worked as maids in Singapore and other countries as a result of the case, which highlighted the abuse and poor working conditions which Indonesian maids had faced in other countries. Therefore, the Indonesian government also sought to discuss with the host countries to improve the working conditions of maids from Indonesia.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Giulia Cecchettin (May 5, 2001 – November 11, 2023) was an Italian college student who was murdered by her ex-boyfriend Filippo Turetta on November 11, 2023. Her murder sparked protests against femicide and public opinion on domestic violence.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Giulia Cecchettin was born in Padua on 5 May 2001 to her parents, Gino Cecchettin and Monica Camerotto. She had two siblings, Elena and Davide. She enrolled at University of Padua, where she studied engineering. During this, she met Filippo Turetta, and they began a relationship for one year before they broke up. Her sister Elena revealed that Turetta was possessive during the relationship; in the autumn of 2023, Filippo began to behave possessively, confiding in Giulia that he felt depressed and did not see a future without her and threatened suicide. Giulia and Filippo continued to go out together occasionally, and she feared extreme gestures on his part. She confided that she felt the ex's pressure as blackmail.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the Autumn of 2023, Cecchettin ended her relationship with Filippo after one year, after sending an email to her university professor about dinner with Turetta at 5.15 pm on Saturday, 11 November 2023. and left her home around 6 pm to go, accompanied by Filippo, to a shopping center in Marghera to pair of shoes, her family became worried because they didn't hear of her so they reported to the police. apparels to find them in social media until a witness came forward to the family reporting that he had witnessed, from his home balcony, a violent argument between Filippo and Guila who ask for her help, the witness called the Carabinieri but no avail. later video showed Filippo Turetta beating his ex-girlfriend first in the car and then in the parking lot until she fell to the ground bleeding. Police sent an arrest warrant to Turetta for murder and Cecchettin's body was discovered near Venice. The German police arrested Turetta on 25 November Turetta was extradited to Italy, with a special Air Force flight that landed in Venice , and incarcerated in the prison of Verona", "title": "Murder" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Cecchettin's funeral was held at the Abbey of Santa Giustina in Padua, officiated by the bishop of Padua Claudio Cipolla , in the presence of approximately 8,000 people and civil and military authorities, including the Minister of Justice Carlo Nordio and the president of the Veneto region Luca Zaia which she buried next to her mother Monica who died by cancer on October 22 2023 her father Gino made eulogy urged men change their attitude toward women", "title": "Funeral and reaction" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The blockbuster film There's Still Tomorrow impacted how domestic violence affected every women in Italy.", "title": "Funeral and reaction" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Alwande Benedict Roaldsøy (born June 9, 2004) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Atalanta U23.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Roaldsøy was born to a South African mother and a Norwegian father.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Roaldsøy played for Italian side Atalanta U23.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Roaldsøy mainly operated as a midfielder.", "title": "Style of play" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Roaldsøy is the son of Pål Roaldsøy.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of Kunjpura, fought on October 17, 1760, was a significant engagement during the Maratha-Afghan Wars. Led by the prominent Maratha commander Bhau marched towards Kunjpura, approximately 150 kilometers north of Delhi, due to high floods preventing the transportation of supplies from the Panjab, particularly from Sirhind. This was a significant temptation for Bhau to embark on the journey.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bhau, the Maratha leader, traveled approximately 150 kilometers north of Delhi to Kunjpura due to high floods preventing the transportation of supplies from the Panjab, particularly from Sarhind. This was a significant attraction for Bhau to embark on the journey. Bhau arrived in Kunjpura on October 16. Najabat Khan, the governor of Kunjpura, had arranged two lines of defense outside and inside the town's walls. Abdus Samad Khan, the governor of Sarhind, and Qutab Shah Rohilla, a religious preceptor of Najib, led 5,000 men outside the walls. Inside the walls, Najabat Khan commanded 10,000 Afghans. The Marathas encircled them during the night and attacked in the morning on October 17. Both Afghan commanders fought valiantly, but Ibrahim Khan Gardi's artillery heavily bombarded them. Abdus Samad was killed, and Qutab Shah was injured. The remaining Afghans and Rohillas forced Najabat Khan to open a gate to let them in. The Marathas also rushed in simultaneously. The town and fort were immediately taken over. Qutab Shah was brutally tortured to death for his previous act of beheading Dattaji. Najabat Khan passed away due to his injuries. His two sons were apprehended and perished during the Panipat campaign. His third son Daler Khan managed to escape and succeeded his father later on. The Marathas seized an enormous amount of loot, including 64 lakhs of rupees in cash, two lakh maunds of wheat and other provisions, 3,000 horses, many camels, numerous guns, and an abundance of ammunition.", "title": "Battle" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Charles William Field JP (30 January 1863 – 24 May 1930) was an English first-class cricketer and an officer in the British Indian Army.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Field was born in British India at Patna in January 1863. He attended the Royal Military College at Sandhurst, graduating from there into the Royal Norfolk Regiment as a second lieutenant in August 1883. Shortly thereafter, he transferred to the South Wales Borderers in October 1883. He transferred to the British Indian Army in August 1887, with Field being attached to the Bengal Staff Corps and given the rank of lieutenant. He was based in India at Multan Cantonment, where he was a cantonment magistrate; in June 1893, he was appointed a justice of the peace by Sir Dennis Fitzpatrick. In India, Field made three appearances in first-class cricket for the Europeans cricket team, all against the Parsees; two of these came in the 1902–03 Bombay Presidency Matches, with the other coming in the 1907–08 Bombay Presidency Match. In these, he scored a total of 61 runs and took two wickets.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Following prior promotions to captain and major, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in August 1909. After spending ten years in civil employment, he was transferred to the supernumerary list of the British Indian Army in February 1915. Following the end of the First World War, retired from active service in October 1921. Field retired to England, where he died in May 1930 at Fleet, Hampshire.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Raja Shabir Khan is an Indian documenarty filmmaker from Kashmir who won two National Film Awards for his movie Shepherds of Paradise, The Best Non-Feature Film and Best Cinematography at the 60th National Film Awards in 2013.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Raja was inspired by his father, an art lover, to pursue filmmaking. Raja began creating documentary films while still in school. During his school years, he directed and wrote the short film Pagla Baba, which earned him the Bronze Remi Award at the World Film Festival 2007 in Houston, Texas.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Hailing from the Chanapora area on the outskirts of Srinagar, Khan graduated and did a PG Diploma in direction and screenplay writing from the Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute in Kolkata.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Raja received widespread acclaim for his first independent documentary, Angels of Troubled Paradise. The film aimed to portray the hardships of a child who gathers and sells scrap from tear smoke shells to make a living. It was broadcast in Tokyo, Singapore, and various international festivals.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "His film Banafshe was showcased at the Osian’s Film Festival in New Delhi and received wide acclaim and praise.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2013, Raja received two National Film Awards for his movie Shepherds of Paradise, The Best Non-Feature Film and Best Cinematography at the 60th National Film Awards. The movie was featured at the Guwahati International Film Festival, hosted by Jyoti Chitraban Film Studio, a government entity in Assam, in collaboration with the Dr. Bhupen Hazarika Regional Government Film and Television Institute in Guwahati. The documentary was also broadcast in Singapore, South Korea, the United States, and Japan, in addition to being featured in festivals worldwide. The film depicts the challenges faced by the Bakerwals, nomadic shepherds in Kashmir, as they strive to sustain their way of life.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "He has also produced several other documentaries, including Fear And Freedom, Vanishing Glaciers, Line of Control, and The Last Hope.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Raja has served as a jury member at the National Students Film Festival and the Himalayan Future Festival held in Ladakh.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "His upcoming film, 'Rugby, Crows, and Hijab,' explores the theme of overcoming challenges.", "title": "Early life and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Elliot Speller-Gillott is a British actor and musician who is best known for starring alongside Nick Helm in the BBC Three sitcom Uncle (2014-2017).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Speller-Gillott made his acting debut in 2010, playing a role in the long-running British medical drama Holby City. He was also cast in a Swedish advert for headache medication.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At the age of 12, he starred in the broadcast pilot of Uncle on Channel 4, which was later commissioned for three seasons by BBC Three. Speller-Gillott played Erol, who forms an unlikely friendship with his uncle Andy (Nick Helm) through circumstance and their shared love of music. The pair performed many songs throughout the series.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2017, Speller-Gillott stated he intended to pursue music, with the aim of joining an orchestra or a band.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "[[Homer A. Glor", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bruno Santon (25 June 1942 – 15 December 2023) was an Italian footballer who played as a midfielder.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Santon played for Livorno, scoring 24 goals in 85 appearances in Serie B. Born in Marghera, he also played for Venezia, Cagliari, Mantova and Lucchese.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His wife, with whom he had two children, was from Livorno and he remained in the city after his retirement from playing, where he worked at a petrol station. Santon died on 15 December 2023, at the age of 81.", "title": "Personal life and death" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2010–11 season was CD Numancia's 66th season in existence and second consecutive in the Segunda División. They also competed in the Copa del Rey.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Players" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Win Draw Loss", "title": "Pre-season and friendlies" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Source: Competitions", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The league fixtures were unveiled on 20 July 2010.", "title": "Competitions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Monte Tre Croci is one of the main peaks of the Campo dei Fiori massif in the Varese Prealps, Lombardy, Italy. It has an elevation of 1,111 metres (3,645 ft).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The peak derives its name (\"Mount Three Crosses\") from three large wooden crosses that had been placed near its top in 1636, replaced in 1900 by marble crosses and finally by concrete ones in 1974.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Grand Hotel Campo dei Fiori and the upper terminal of the Vellone-Grand Hotel Campo dei Fiori funicular, both abandoned (since 1968 and 1953, respectively), are located near its top.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Overlooking the city of Varese, Monte Tre Croci is frequently hiked owing to its easy access from the hamlet of Santa Maria del Monte, atop the Sacro Monte di Varese.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rhys Joseph Wright Bennett (born 30 October 2003) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Manchester United.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bennett is from Denton, Greater Manchester. He attended Stalybridge Celtic Juniors’ soccer school as a six-year-old. He went to school at Russell Scott Primary School in Tameside, and Audenshaw High School.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A product of the Manchester United academy, Bennett joined United at U10 level. He signed a first professional contract with the club in 2022. Bennett captained the Manchester United FA Youth Cup side to victory in the 2021-22. He travelled with the United first team squad on their mid-season training camp to Spain in December 2022, and missed six months at the start of 2023 with injury.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In July 2023, he signed a new professional contract with the club. He was was named as part of the senior United match-day side, in December 2023 in an away Premier League tie with West Ham United.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Homer Alonzo Glore (1874–1944) was an American medical doctor and politician who served as the first mayor of Mableton, Georgia when it was incorporated in 1912.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Glore family history in the United States can been traced back to Virginia, when in 1717 Michael Glore arrived on a ship from Holland. Homer's paternal grandfather Abram Glore (1798–1871) built a log cabin in DeKalb County before moving to Cobb County where he built a second log cabin which was awarded to someone else in the Gold Lottery of 1832. He built a third log cabin in 1841 which he, his wife Tabitha and his ten children moved into in 1841. Homer's father James Robert Glore (1832–1886) was notable for being the first white child born in the Cherokee village of Sweetwater. James married Mary Frances Alexander Glore and had three children including Homer. Homer's sister Alice Glore (1872–1940) married Robert E. Daniell and they had eight children including Forrest Daniell (1890–1921). He also had a younger brother called Honor M. Glore.", "title": "Ancestry and family" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Homer Alonzo Glore was born in 1874. He graduated from Atlanta Medical College (now Emory University) in 1896 and became a medical doctor. He opened a drug store in Mableton, Georgia known as the Mableton Drug Store and Post Office in 1911.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Mableton was incorporated on August 19, 1912 and the legislation incorporating the city stated that the municipal government of the town be vested in a mayor and four councilmen who had to be bona fide resident of said town for six months preceding their election to office. It also stated that the regular term of office for the mayor and councilmen was one year. Glore was elected as the first mayor of Mableton which had a population of about 200. Glore did not seek reelection and was succeeded by W.H. Stroud. On August 17, 1916, the town's charter was repealed and Mableton was disincorporated. Glore was postmaster at Mableton for over 16 years, from 1921 until 1938, when he resigned due to ill health.", "title": "Early life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He and his wife Ida Elizabeth Dodgen had three children: Cecil Utilla Glore (1896–1978), Homer Alonzo Glore (1901–1976) and Louis Harold Glore (1909–1991) who was known as Harold. Homer died in 1944. Ida died of a heart attack on July 18, 1947.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Cecil was a teacher at Mableton Grammar School and married Roy Franklin Daniell in 1916, they had no children.. Homer was an attorney for the Atlanta and West Point Railroad. Harold was an attorney for the Pullman Company from 1930 to 1946 before becoming a law assistant to the Supreme Court of Georgia from 1948 to 1960 and working in private law practice from 1960 until his retirement in 1985. The brothers had a law firm together in Mableton called Glore & Glore and both were members of the Cobb County Bar Association, Georgia Bar Association and Old War Horse Lawyers Club. Harold would later write a book about the history of his family and Mableton and upon his death he had no surviving immediate relatives.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Club Sportiv Minerul 1947 Ocna Dej, commonly known as Minerul Ocna Dej, formerly known as Someșul Dej, is a Romanian football club based in Ocna Dejului, Cluj County, which currently competes in Liga III, the third tier of the Romanian football, following their promotion from the Liga IV – Cluj County at the end of the 2019–20 season.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The club was founded in 1947 as Minerul Ocna Dej by the workers of the mining exploitation Salina Ocna Dej and played most of its history in the fifth tier and more than thirty-five seasons in the fourth league.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Minerul promoted for the first time to third division winning the Divizia D – Cluj County at the end of the 1998–99 season, but after was ranked 11th in the 1999–2000 season “The Miners” relegated after finished in 15th-place in the next season.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "For miners followed more than twenty seasons in the fourth and fifth division. In 2016, the club was taken over by the local businessman Vicențiu Știr who founded in 2017 another club, ACS Vicențiu Dej.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Vicențiu Dej promoted to 4th league after was finished 2nd in the Dej Zone of the 2017–18 season of the Liga V – Cluj County and was renamed as Someșul Dej before the next season.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "After the 2019–20 season was suspended in March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania, Someșul won the Liga IV – Cluj County championship play-off in the 90th minute against Victoria Cluj and, despite finished last in the promotion group, the team led by Gheorghe Barbu promoted to Liga III benefiting from the withdraw of Voința Budeasa.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In the first season in Liga III, Someșul finished in 7th place, 6 points ahead of CSM Satu Mare and Progresul Șomcuta Mare, thus avoiding relegation in the fourth league.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In the 2021–22 season, Someșul obtained their highest league finish as ranked 4th in the Series X play-offs.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Someșul merged in the summer of 2022, with the other club financially sustained by Vicențiu Știr, Minerul Ocna Dej, to form Minerul 1947 Ocna Dej.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The Miners played its home matches at the Vad Sport Base, based in Vad, which holds 650 seats and having natural grass.", "title": "Ground" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Liga IV – Cluj County", "title": "Honours" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Liga V – Cluj County", "title": "Honours" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lawrence Blackwell (died February 23, 1987) was an American politician from Pine Bluff, Arkansas, who served in the Arkansas Senate from 1947 to 1955. He was president pro tempore of the Arkansas Senate in 1955. Blackwell helped legislate oversight of the Arkansas Highway Commission.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vielasia is an extinct genus of bats from the Early Eocene of Europe. They are known from hundreds of specimens, some of them unusually complete, from a 50 million-year-old cave deposit in southern France and are the oldest bats definitively known to have lived in caves. The only known species is estimated to have weighed about 19 g (0.67 oz), compared with a median value of 14 g (0.49 oz) for living bat species. It is regarded as closely related to, but outside, the clade of all living bats, but already shared many features with modern species. For example, some details of the skeleton, including the shape and size of the inner ear canal, indicate that it was capable of both powered flight and echolocation, and that it probably ate flying insects.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "War and Love may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Maria Ignatevna Kutitonskaya (Russian: Мария Игнатьевна Кутитонская) was a Ukrainian Narodnik revolutionary. After involvement with a revolutionary circle in Odesa, she was exiled to Siberia. There she attempted to assassinate the military governor Luka Illyashevich [ru].", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Maria Kutitonskaya was born into a noble family in Odesa, in 1856. She graduated from school in 1875 and went on to serve in the Odesa City Duma. The following year, she travelled to Paris, where she met Russian revolutionary German Lopatin. After returning to Odesa, she joined the revolutionary circle led by Ivan Kovalskyy [uk; ru]. She was arrested for her participation in the circle on 20 July 1878, but was released on bail.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 19 June 1879, she was arrested again for her continued association with revolutionaries in Odesa. She was found guilty by the Odesa Military District on 5 August and sentenced to 15 years of penal labour, but her sentence was commuted to 4 years by the governor of Odesa. On 15 January 1880, she arrived at the Kara katorga to begin her sentence. On 23 July 1882, she was transferred to the settlement in Aksha.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 16 September 1882, she shot at the governor of Transbaikal Oblast, Luka Illyashevich [ru], in revenge for violence committed against exiles. On 17 November 1882, she was tried for the assassination attempt in Chita and sentenced to death, but the sentence was commuted to indefinite penal labour. She wasn't transferred back to Kara, as the authorities feared her influence on the other prisoners. Instead she was imprisoned in Irkutsk on 7 January 1883. She died there from tuberculosis on 4 May 1887.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Inter-Religious Council of Ethiopia (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሃይማኖት ተቋማት ጉባኤ) is an interfaith organization that promotes peace, security and harmony of all major religions in Ethiopia. Verified by the Ministry of Federal Affairs, it was established in 2010 and expanded its mission through federal, regional and district levels. The interfaith council planned to develop advocacy workshops and implements various projects. Its vision is stated to \"develop religious freedom and equality based on peace, love and tolerance, which will be mutually beneficial to all.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Council has one national and two regional consultative and experienced workshops which involved 870 religious leaders and faith-based organization on the issues of religious harmony and plurality. Each adherents of religion has the right to establish educational institution, publishing and distributing books, newspapers and magazines. The Council addresses issues on women and children welfare, maternal and youth reproductive health, HIV/AIDS and harmful traditional practices.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Council also has the right to participate decision-making in political activities in accordance with the constitutional separation of state and religion.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Council membership includes seven major denominations:", "title": "List of members" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "James Purkins and J. H. Purkins should link here", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "James H. Purkins (1814-?) was a state legislator in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas House of Representatives from 1860-1863 and in the Arkansas Senate in 1866-1867.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He was born and raised in Essex County, Virginia. He came to Randolph County Ariansas in 1856. He served in the Confederate Army. He lived in Pocahontas, Arkansas in Randolph County, Arkansas.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He was editor and publisher of the Randolph Scalpel newspaper established in 1877. It affiliated with the Democratic Party. The paper ceased publication in 1882. J. A. C. Jackson was its editor and owner by 1880. Jackson worked afterwards at the Randolph Democrat.", "title": "" } ]

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