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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ioanna Kimbook is a Cypriot actress based in London. She earned an Ian Charleson Award nomination for her work in theatre. On television, she is known for her roles in the Star series Wedding Season (2022) and the Channel 4 thriller The Couple Next Door (2023).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kimbook grew up on Cyprus. She is of Greek-Cypriot, Korean, and English heritage. She studied Acting at Bristol Old Vic Theatre School.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kimbook made her West End debut in Bitter Wheat at the Garrick Theatre. That same year, she had a role in The Duchess of Malfi at the Almeida Theatre. For her performance in the latter, Kimbook was nominated for an Ian Charleson Award. The following year, she made her television debut in an installment of the BBC Two dark comedy anthology Inside No. 9 as social media influencer Angel.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, Kimbook had a main role as Suji in the series Wedding Season, made for the Star platform on Disney+. She also made her feature film debut as a waitress named Grace in the horror thriller Choose or Die on Netflix, starred in Ella Greenwood's 2022 short film Bibimbap for One, and played Hero in the National Theatre production of Much Ado About Nothing. Kimbook returned to the Almeida Theatre for Daddy: A Melodrama in 2022 and Women, Beware the Devil in 2023. She played reporter Sophie Foxton in the Channel 4 thriller The Couple Next Door.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Category:Living people Category:21st-century Cypriot actresses Category:Alumni of Bristol Old Vic Theatre School Category:Cypriot people of English descent Category:Cypriot people of Korean descent Category:Greek Cypriot people", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bello Horizonte is a village and resort in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Bello Horizonte is located in the south of the department of Canelones, on the shores of the Río de la Plata, at km 57 of the Interbalnearia route. It bordered to the west with the Costa Azul resort and to the east with the Guazú-Virá resort.34", "title": "Geography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2011 Bello Horizonte had a population of 458.", "title": "Population" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rouben Azizian is a New Zealand academic of Armenian descent. He specialises in security studies and international relations in the Asia–Pacific. He is currently a full professor at Massey University and head of the Auckland branch of the New Zealand Institute of International Affairs.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Azizian was born in Yerevan, Armenia, on 25 March 1950. He acquired a Master of Arts degree at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations in 1972 and a PhD at the Diplomatic Academy of the USSR MFA in 1987.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Prior to becoming a full-time academic, Azizian worked as a Soviet (and later, Russian) diplomat. He was assigned to the missions in Nepal and Sri Lanka before he came to New Zealand in 1991 as a counsellor and deputy chief of mission at the Soviet embassy in Wellington. He quit his diplomatic career in 1994 but stayed in the country and started teaching at the Department of Political Studies at the University of Auckland.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Between 2002 and 2015, Azizian lectured and conducted research at the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies in Honolulu. He then returned to his New Zealand home to become the Director of Massey University's Centre for Defence and Security Studies. In 2019, he became the founding editor of New Zealand's first scholarly journal in his field, the National Security Journal.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In addition to his academic work, Azizian has appeared on numerous podcasts and interviews as an international relations commentator and foreign policy educator.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Rouben Azizian is married to Irina Matevosova. They have two daughters, Tamara and Sophia.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Srimanta is a given name. Notable people with this name include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Newerkla is a surname. It is very rare, but it can be found in Austria, Germany, or Brazil. Notable people with this surname include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ramón Arístides Chaparro Echave (Molle Molle; August 31, 1862 — Cuzco; March 14, 1902) was a Peruvian politician. He served as interim President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1895 to 1896, and was the youngest deputy of the history of Cuzco at the time.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born on the Molle Molle hacienda in Huanoquite District, Paruro Province, in the department of Cuzco. His parents were José Lucas Chaparro, who had been a constituent deputy in 1855 and 1867, and Paula Echave. He studied at the Colegio Peruano. Like his father, he was an ardent Pierolist and participated in the capture of the city of Cuzco within the framework of the Peruvian Civil War of 1894–1895. As a colonel, he also fought in the battle of Cabanillas.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He was elected deputy for the province of Paruro in the congress held in Arequipa in 1883 by President Lizardo Montero after the Peruvian defeat in the war with Chile and re-elected in 1886. After the he was elected deputy for the province of Paruro in 1895. province of Cusco while his father went to the province of Paruro.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After the Civil War of 1884–1885, he was elected deputy for the province of Cuzco in 1895, while his father was elected for the province of Paruro.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During his administration, Chaparro signed the Electoral Law enacted in 1896 as president of the Chamber of Deputies despite being only the second vice president because the regular members of the chamber did not want to sign said law whose debate had not yet concluded.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "He died of hepatitis in Cuzco in 1902 at the age of 39.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "José Lucas Chaparro Vizcarra (Cuzco; 1830 — November 14, 1906) was a Peruvian politician.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Cuzco, he was a member of the National Convention representing Urubamba Province between 1855 and 1857 which, during the second government of Ramón Castilla, drafted the Constitution of 1856, the sixth that governed the country.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1863 he held the position of subprefect of Paruro Province. He was elected member of the Constituent Congress of 1867 for the province of Paruro during the government of Mariano Ignacio Prado. This congress issued the Political Constitution of 1867, the eighth that governed the country, and which was only valid for five months: from August 1867 to January 1868.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Chaparro would be a conspicuous Pierolist leader in the region and leader of the Montoneras organised in the department of Cuzco. He actively participated in both the takover of his hometown, alongside his children, and the expulsion of the city's prefect, Pedro Mas, during the civil war of 1894 and 1895 in which he, together with David Samanez Ocampo, led the Pierolist side. Peruvian historian José Tamayo Herrera describes the actions of the family as follows:", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In Puno, Ramón Arístides Chaparro has organized a group that fights with the soldiers of Cáceres in Cabanillas. [...] The attackers formed a motley and curious legion of bearded men in outlandish dresses: the veteran of the Montoneros José Lucas Chaparro, an old man with a white beard whose years do not prevent him from pawning his rifle, the brilliant Ramón Arístides Chaparro—the youngest deputy in the entire history of Cuzco—colonel of Montoneros and main actor in the battle of Cabanillas, owner of unparalleled popularity [...].", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "His age and bearded appearance during the conflict is also highlighted by historian Luis E. Valcárcel.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1895, he was again elected deputy for the province of Paruro while his son Ramón was elected for the province of Cuzco.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "He died in Cuzco in 1906 from lung disease.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Vitebsk Government Academy of Veterinary medicine (Belarusian: Віцебская дзяржаўная акадэмія ветэрынарнай медыцыны) is a veterinary college located in the city of Vitebsk, Belarus.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Before Oct 1, 1994, the university was known as the Vitebsk Veterinary Institute of the Badge of Honor in the name of the October Revolution. In January 1995, Anatolii F. Mogilenko became the rector of the VGAVM.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Two new specializations were added to its department of medicine in 1996: one on toxicology and one on veterinary sanitation. In 1997, a specialization in veterinary bacteriology was added, in 1998 veterinary gynaecology and animal reproduction course was added, and since 2001, a specialization on illnesses of birds, fish, and bees.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since it was founded in 1924, the institute has taught over 30 thousand veterinary specialists.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The main body of the school is located in the former location of the Krestyansky bank.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The university consists of four departments:", "title": "Departments" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Camp Lapu-Lapu is a military installation of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the Lahug District of Cebu City, Philippines. It is currently the headquarters of the AFP Visayas Command, although in October 2022 it was announced that the AFP Visayas Command would relocate their headquarters after the Cebu provincial government announced that they would take back the land on which the camp stands.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "During the Marcos dictatorship, it was designated as one of the four provincial camps to become a Regional Command for Detainees (RECAD). It was designated RECAD III, housing prisoners from throughout the Visayas. Political detainees were typically brought there after initially being detained in other camps, such as nearby Camp Sergio Osmeña.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Camp Lapu-Lapu was first established after World War II, when the 3rd Military Area (3MA), a wartime military unit under the United States Armed Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) was moved from its headquarters at Camp Guadalupe (now Barangay Guadalupe) to what was then the Lahug District of Cebu City. This move later led to the establishment of the present Barangay Apas and laid the foundation for the transformation of it and its neighboring barangays into highly urbanized areas.", "title": "Establishment" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Camp Lapu-Lapu remained the headquarters of the units which evolved of the 3MA after the war, including the Battalion Combat Team in the 1950s, and then the 3rd Brigade Separate which later President Fidel V Ramos commanded as a Philippine Army general before his stint as Philippine Constabulary Chief. It also hosted the Central Mindanao Command (CEMCOM)which covered the Mindanao military operations during the 1970s phases of the Moro conflict. After the reorganization of the Armed Forces in 1975, the area became home to the 3rd Infantry Division (3ID) of the Philippine Army.", "title": "Postwar era" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During the Marcos dictatorship, Camp Lapu-Lapu was designated as one of the four provincial camps to become a Regional Command for Detainees (RECAD). It was designated RECAD III, housing prisoners from throughout the Visayas. Political detainees were typically brought there after initially being detained in other camps, such as nearby Camp Sergio Osmeña.", "title": "During the Marcos dictatorship" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Among those arrested in the first week of Martial Law was Lawyer Meinrado Paredes, who would later become a Regional Trial Court executive judge, was imprisoned at Camp Sergio Osmeña for three months, and then moved to Camp Lapulapu where he would remain for the remainder of the year he would spend as a political detainee. Redemptorist Priest Amado Picardal was also initially imprisoned and tortured at Camp Sergio Osmeña to before he was moved to Camp Lapulapu.", "title": "During the Marcos dictatorship" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Further reorganization of the AFP in the late 80s, transferred the 3ID to Jamindan, Capiz, and the subsequent creation of the Regional Unified Command (RUC). The RUC later merged with other regional commands to form the Visayas Command (VISCOM). VISCOM was organized as an operating unit of the AFP to control Internal Security Operation (ISO) in the Visayas, which then became the forefather of the present-day Central Command (CENTCOM), AFP.", "title": "AFP Visayas Command" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On August 11, 2021, the name of the Central Command was reverted to its original name as the Visayas Command.", "title": "AFP Visayas Command" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In October 2022 it was announced that the AFP Visayas Command would relocate their headquarters after the Cebu provincial government announced that they would take back the land on which the camp stands.", "title": "Future developments" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a timeline of History of Uganda. Each article deals with events in Uganda in a given year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Lawler Ministry is the incoming ministry of the 13th Chief Minister of the Northern Territory, Eva Lawler. It will come into operation on 21 December 2023 and succeed the Fyles ministry.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The ministry will be sworn in on 21 December 2023 following the resignation of Natasha Fyles as chief minister on 20 December following the undisclosed share and conflict of interest scandal.", "title": "Current ministry" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Pascal's Wager is a Soulslike video game developed by TipsWorks and published by Giant Network and Yooreka Studio.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Players control Terrence, a courier who is searching for his wife in a land overcome with darkness. Pascal's Wager is a Soulslike, a subgenre of action role-playing games that focus on difficult boss battles and precise timing during combat. Several other characters join Terrence during his quest, and players can use them to fight battles. During battles, players must manage their sanity. Each hit they make causes them to lose some sanity, and becoming insane grants enemies additional powerful attacks. Another meter that is filled after making attacks allows players to make their own special attacks. Upon death, players lose some of their currency, which are used for upgrades, and they return to a checkpoint.", "title": "Gameplay" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Pascal's Wager was developed in China. TipsWorks was founded in 2016 by developers who had previously worked on console games. Disliking the free-to-play model common in mobile games, they decided to produce a large, console-style game for mobile devices. Their primary influence were From Software's Souls games, but they also cited God of War, For Honor and Horizon: Zero Dawn. Pascal's Wager was initially planned to be a multiplayer game, but player feedback convinced them to take a more story-based approach.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Giant Network published Pascal's Wager for iOS on January 16, 2020; for Android on June 25, 2020; and for Windows on March 12, 2021. Yooreka Studio published it for Switch on July 14, 2022. The Tides of Oblivion DLC, which adds a new land to explore, was released in August 2020, and Dance of the Throne, which adds a new playable character, was first released in August 2022.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On Metacritic, Pascal's Wager received positive reviews for iOS and mixed reviews for Windows. Digital Trends said it has \"horrendous writing and voice acting\" but felt the gameplay is impressive for a mobile game. Polygon called it a shameless clone of Dark Souls with a terrible plot, but they recommended it to players who want to play a Soulslike game on mobile devices. Both sites said playing with a controller on mobile devices was mandatory due to poor touch-based controls. Although not impressed with the graphics or voice acting, TouchArcade said it \"feels great to play despite its quirks\". Reviewing Pascal's Wager on Switch, Digitally Downloaded said it is \"brutally clunky\", lacking creativity, and a poor mobile port.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Bangladesh Cricket League One Day, is the 3rd edition of the BCL 1-Day, a List A cricket competition. It was held in Bangladesh, starting on 24 December 2023 and concluding on 30 December 2023. The tournament is followed by 2023–24 Bangladesh Cricket League . Central Zone is champion of the previous tournament, after they beat South Zone by 3 runs in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "North Zone defeat East Zone by 4 wickets in final and become two time champion of BCL 1-Day.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Source", "title": "Points table" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Series home at Cricheroes.in", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "ESPNCricinfo", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "External links" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Invengo (Chinese: 远望谷; SZSE: 002161), fully referred to as Invengo Information Technology Co., Ltd., also known as Yuanwanggu, is a Chinese IoT developer founded in 1993. It was listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in August 2007. Its main products are RFID and related products. It is the first public company in the RFID industry in domestic China, and a provider of Magic Passports for the Shanghai Disney Resort. The company was funded by Delta Capital, and the VC arm of UOB.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Headquartered in Shenzhen, Invengo established operations in South Korea, Singapore, Australia, and the US, among others. It acquired FE Technologies, SML and other RFID companies. In 2007, it implemented an $80 million RFID program for the Chinese Ministry of Railways. In September 2023, it participated as a contractor in the Guangxi Regional Cooperation and Integration Promotion Investment Program, which was financed by the Asian Development Bank.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1993, Invengo was formed in Shenzhen. In the same year, it set up Invengo Textile Services in France. It initiated the introduction of VC in 2003. In 2007, it landed on the SME Board, under the symbol \"002161.SZ\".", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2010, Invengo derived more than half of its revenue from railway contracts. In 2014, it took part in the development of the Australian app AUDIO. In the same year, it purchased FE Technologies.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Invengo's total revenue in the first quarter of 2016 exceeded 100 million yuan. In 2018, OEP 10 B.V. was bought by the firm. In March 2021, its textile services business was purchased by HID Global.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Indolent condition is a condition that continues for a prolonged period.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "An example would be Indolent chronic lymphocytic leukemia or indolent CLL, which is a slow-progressing blood and bone marrow cancer.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Torpedo!, subtitled \"A Tactical Study of Submarine and Anti-Submarine Warfare, 1941–1945,\" is a board wargame published by Simulations Canada in 1979 that simulates various naval engagements involving submarines World War II. It was the second in a series of three interlocking naval wargames.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Torpedo! is a two-person wargame in which one player controls one or more submarines and the other controls the forces searching for the submarine or protecting a target ship. It is played on a large (22\" x 28\") featureless hex grid map where each hex represents 100 yards (110 metres), and each turn represents 90 seconds of game time.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Scenarios vary from a single submarine versus a destroyer to large combined forces involving submarines, surface ships and airplanes.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Movement of both players is simultaneous, with each player preplotting their movement for the turn, and then revealing them at the same time. The turn then takes the following sequence, all done simultaneously for both players:", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In addition to rules about submarines, torpedoes and anti-sumbarine defenses, the game includes rules for convoys, anti-submarine aircraft and min-submarines.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Steven Newberg created a series of three naval wargames that used the same rules system: IJN (1978), which contained the basic rules for movement and combat; Torpedo! (1979), which added rules for submarines and anti-submarine searches; and Schnellboote, which added rules for PT boats and other small craft. All three were published by Simulations Canada with cover art by Rodger B. MacGowan. Using the three games together, players could design scenarios for any naval engagement in any theatre of World War II.", "title": "Publication history" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Kirk Stroup, in Fire & Movement, commented, \"While the game does not exactly bog down in paperwork — only sighted units are allowed on the board and search must be executed during each turn — there are moments when it resembles blind chess.\" Although Stroup identified a number of problems and glitches, he concluded on a positive noite, saying, \"A fun game to play, and one that is quite tense at times.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In Issue 11 of The Grenadier, Karl Wiegers complained that \"The effort invested by the designer in creating so many scenarios is pretty much lost in the abstraction of the game system; the tactical finesse needed by both participants in a submarine battle does not readily surface in Torpedo! It plays more like an episode of hide-and-go-seek than an actual World War II submarine action.\" Wiegers looked at the three interlocking games produced by Simulations Canada (IJN, Torpedo! and Schnellboote) and found that the identical game system used by all of them \"is easy to learn, and play moves quite rapidly ... Despite some shortcomings in realism, the main attraction of the games is their high playability.\" However, Weigers admitted that the lack of realism could be a problem for some players, writing, \"the gamer with a serious interest in WWII naval combat will only be partially satisfied ...The level of abstraction is just too great to be very rewarding, and all sorts of historically unreasonable things can happen in the course of a scenario.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In Issue 11 of The Wargamer, Jim Hind found major problems with the game, writing, \"Somewhere in the heart of Torpedo! there seems to be a workable system. But as it stands at the moment, the whole product cries out how they lovingly playtested it and proofread it, then depthcharged the results.\" Hind concluded \"This Torpedo! is a dud.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Cliff Sayre reviewed all three of Simulations Canada's naval games and felt that the designer \"has done an excellent job of retaining those aspects which should be significant in a naval game and yet retained a high degree of playability and simplicity.\" Sayre did feel that perhaps luck was more important than skill, noting, \"Luck of the die roll is a considerable factor in the games ... Winning does call for skill, but there will be times when the dice may rule.\" Despite this, Sayre concluded on a positive not, saying, \"I have enjoyed the three games very much. The game system offers features which are not available in any other games.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "In a retrospective review written almost twenty-five years after this game's publication, Joe Scoleri didn't like the highly abstracted air rules, writing, \"In short, if you are an air combat gamer looking for something with a more hard-core air-naval focus, this might not be your cup of tea. But if you are a naval gamer looking for a 'does-it-all' World War II system with a different flavor than the average tactical naval game, this is worth a look.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "KEG or Keg may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Eating Miss Campbell is a 2022 British comedy horror film directed by Liam Regan, starring Lyndsey Craine, Lala Barlow, Vito Trigo, Laurence R. Harvey, James Hamer-Morton, Charlie Bond, Emily Haigh, Michaela Longden, Sierra Summers, Alexander J Skinner, Justin A. Martell, Annabella Rich, Dani Thompson and Blade Braxton.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The film premiered at FrightFest on 26 August 2022.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "David Gelmini of Dread Central rated the film 4 stars out of 5 and wrote that it \"might just be one of the best high school cannibal movies ever to have been produced.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "PopHorror called the film a \"hilarious, knives-out, balls-to-the-wall blood fest from beginning to end.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Martin Unsworth of Starburst praised the \"spot-on satire on American high school life\", the performances and the cinematography.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "KKO may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Supersex is an upcoming Italian biographical drama television series based on the life of Rocco Siffredi, a famous Italian pornographic actor. It will be released on Netflix on 6 March 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In September 2022, it was announced that the series had been greenlit and filming had begun in Rome. Regarding the series, Rocco Siffredi commented, \"This beautiful story is inspired by my life, but it is not my life... Everything you will see in Supersex originates from me, but then the writer put a lot of herself into it.\"", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Actor Alessandro Borghi stated that he filmed 50 sex scenes in 95 days for the series.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Netflix released promotional images for the series in December 2023. It will premiere on the platform on 6 March 2024.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Captain Henry Dawes (d. 1667) was an officer in the English Royal Navy.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1665, he was appointed captain of the John and Thomas of forty-eight guns, and in the following year was promoted to command the Princess.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After taking several rich prizes, in April 1667 he sailed for Gottenburgh, and on 20 April fell in with a Dutch squadron of ships of war off the Dogger. Surrounded by such an host of foes, destruction appeared inevitable, yet he managed to fight his way through them all and escape. He reached Gottenburgh in safety; and having refitted his ship was on his return home, when he was attacked, on the coast of Norway, by two Danish men of war. He fell in the action. Thus Dawes, who had proved himself against the avowed and declared enemies of his country, perished in a contest with the ships of a nation with whom England was not at war.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Boureima Dicko, nom de guerre Ibrahim Malam Dicko, was a Burkinabe jihadist and the founder of Ansarul Islam.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Dicko was born in 1970 to a Fulani family from the commune of Soboulé, Soum Province, Upper Volta. He went to a regular school before entering a Quranic school in Burkina Faso, later studying abroad. He married the daughter of a prominent imam in Djibo. Dicko began preaching in villages across Soum in 2009 and local radio stations. Gaining popularity, he founded an Islamic association named Al-Irchad and then founded a Quranic school in 2012. Dicko's earlier speeches did not preach extreme jihadism, instead advocating for equality between the Fulani and the Rimaïbé, the descendants of formerly-enslaved populations who later assimilated into the Fulani.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In September 2013, Dicko was arrested along with twenty of his students by French forces of Operation Serval near Tessalit, Mali. Dicko had a bounty put on him for attempting to join Ansar Dine. He was handed over to Malian forces, and imprisoned in Bamako before being released in 2015. After his release, Dicko returned to Djibo and continued preaching in a mosque and on the radio. He was disowned by the emir of Djibo (his father-in-law) in early 2016, and forced to divorce his wife shortly afterward. He then took over leadership of Al-Irchad, but again left his role in summer 2016.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2015, Dicko attempted to join Katiba Macina led by increasingly-popular preacher Amadou Koufa. At the time, Katiba Macina had a small sleeper contingent of forty men in Soum Province of Burkina Faso. Koufa objected to a jihadist rebellion in Burkina Faso however, as he considered it premature and would disrupt supply lines of gas and food crucial to Katiba Macina's operations. Dicko, serving under Koufa, initially complied with these orders. A former member of Ansarul Islam testified that Dicko decided to spur a violent insurrection in Burkina Faso following Operation Ségueré in November 2016, where he saw Burkinabe soldiers publicly humiliating Fulani peasants.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Ansarul Islam was founded in November 2016 in the Foulsaré forest, coming to prominence in a press release where they claimed responsibility for the 2016 Nassoumbou attack against the Burkinabe army. In the press release, Dicko called himself the \"commander of believers\" and \"guide of Ansarul Islam\". According to the International Crisis Group, Ansarul Islam was born from the stigmatization of different social groups and classes in northern Burkina Faso. Dicko called into question the \"omnipotence of customary chiefdoms and the monopoly of religious authority held by maraboutic families, whom he accuses of enriching themselves at the expense of the populations.\" During his preaching years, Dicko had massive popularity among Burkinabe youth for these sentiments. While many of them rejected Dicko following his switch to armed insurgency, he kept a sizable number of followers to wage a low-intensity guerrilla campaign.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Despite maintaining close relations with Koufa, Dicko disagreed with Koufa's decision to merge into Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On June 27, 2017, the unofficial Facebook page of Ansarul Islam announced the instatement of Djaffar Dicko, Ibrahim Malam's brother, as head of Ansarul Islam. The post implied that Ibrahim Malam had been killed. Dicko had been present in the Foulsaré forest at the time of a French raid on May 2, in which he was targeted by French helicopters. A member of Dicko's entourage who was present during the raid stated that when Dicko ran off, he was weakened by his diabetes and without food and resources, he died of exhaustion shortly after the battle. Dicko was buried where he laid.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Wendy Hinton has formerly served as New Zealand's ambassador to Turkey. She was also New Zealand's ambassador to Poland and Ukraine from 2013 to 2017, and has served various other roles working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and United Nations. She graduated with a Bachelor of Art from the University of Otago in both History and French. She was one of ten ambassadors kicked out of Turkey for opposing the arrest of Osman Kavala.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Régis N'do (born 22 May 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Primeira Liga club Estrela Amadora. Born in the Ivory Coast, he has opted to play for the Burkina Faso national team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "N'do is a youth product of the Ivorian club Attecoube and the Malian club Derby Académie. He moved to Spain with Betis Deportivo 28 August 2019. In April 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, N'do was the only of 15 players that could not travel home after an extended lockdown due to difficulties in Mali and possible issues on return and was forced to train alone. On 31 August 2021 he extended his contract with Betis, and went on loan to Oliveira Hospital in the Liga 3 for the 2021–22 season. On 5 August 2022, he transferred to the Liga Portugal 2 club Estrela Amadora. He helped Estrela Amadora earn promotion to the Primeira Liga for the 2023–24 season.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "N'do was born in the Ivory Coast to a Burkinabé father and Ivorian mother, and moved to Mali at a young age. He holds Malian, Ivorian and Burkinabé citizenship. In December 2023, he opted to play for the Burkina Faso national team. He was part of the extended squad pre-tournament for the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations.", "title": "International career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "KRM may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "David Segundo Chaparro Pareja (Cuzco; March 29, 1875 — Lima; July 27, 1963) was a Peruvian teacher, politician and jurist. He held a parliamentary position in the Peruvian congress for Cuzco Province.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Chaparro was born on March 29, 1875, in Cuzco. He was the son of José Valentín Chaparro and María Carmen Pareja. He studied at Saint Anthony the Abbot Seminary and in the National College of Sciences. His higher education studies were at the University of Cuczo and the University of Arequipa, graduating from the latter in 1904. He participated in the unsuccessful coup d'état in 1908, fighting in the battle of Calca. After another coup in 1909 that led to the declaration of a national amnesty, he left his refuge in the valley of Lares.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1910 he was appointed associate professor at the National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco, in 1911 he was appointed accidental professor of the Philosophy of Law and Civil Law courses; and in 1913 he was elevated to senior professor.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He held various judicial positions, in addition to being a member of the Superior Court of Justice of Cuzco in 1932. He was deputy director of the National College of Sciences, while in 1938 he was elected rector of the San Antonio Abad National University for a period 5 years; As soon as two years had passed since this election, by virtue of the New Organic Law of Education that was promulgated in 1941, he proceeded to a new election, being re-elected. In this role, he instituted for the first time the Social Assistance service so that students would have hospital medical services and medications in case of illness.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Together with Luis Pardo and Manuel Briceño, he is part of the former Archeology Board that in 1946, under technical advice, directed the intervention of the platforms on the east side of the Intihuatana sector because they were in a very poor state of conservation. In 1943 he received the Order of Merit of Chile, in the rank of commander. In 1960, he was appointed professor emeritus.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "He served as a substitute deputy for the province of Calca between 1907 and 1912 during the governments of José Pardo y Barreda and the first presidency of Augusto B. Leguía, and in 1913 as a deputy for the province of Cuzco; In this context, he was part of various Constitution, Legislation and other commissions. Additionally, he served as mayor of Cuzco for the periods of 1911-1912 and 1938–1942.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "'Round About Midnight at the Blue Note is a 1962 live album by Bud Powell and his Three Bosses Trio, with Pierre Michelot on bass and Kenny Clarke on drums, that was released in 1994 by Dreyfus Records. According to Allmusic, the album was recorded in 1962, but ESP-Disk and The Penguin Guide to Jazz dated the recording as 1961.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mauricio Umansky (born June 25, 1970) is a real estate agent. He is the co-founder and chief executive officer of The Agency. He is married to actress and television personality Kyle Richards.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Umansky was raised in Mexico. He moved from Mexico City to Los Angeles at a young age. He had neutropenia.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Umansky co-founded The Agency, which launched in September 2011, with Blair Chang and Billy Rose. Previously, he had worked at Hilton & Hyland.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He wrote the book The Dealmaker: How to Succeed in Business & Life Through Dedication, Determination & Disruption.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Umansky has appeared in The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, Buying Beverly Hills, and Dancing with the Stars.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Umansky and Kyle Richards met in 1994, and got married on January 20, 1996. The couple's three daughters were born in 1996, 2000, and 2008. Umansky and Richards had a home in Bel Air. The couple have reportedly separated.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Schnellboote, subtitled \"Tactical Small Craft Warfare, 1941–1945,\" is a board wargame published by Simulations Canada in 1984 that simulates various naval engagements involving small craft such as PT boats and E boats. It was the third in a series of three interlocking naval wargames.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Schnellboote is a two-person wargame in which one player controls one or more small craft and the other controls opposing forces. It is played on a large (22\" x 28\") featureless hex grid map where each hex represents 100 yards (110 metres), and each turn represents 90 seconds of game time.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Movement of both players is simultaneous, with each player preplotting their movement for the turn, and then revealing them at the same time. The turn then takes the following sequence, all done simultaneously for both players:", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Steven Newberg created a series of three naval wargames that used the same rules system: IJN (1978), which contained the basic rules for movement and combat; Torpedo! (1979), which added rules for submarines and anti-submarine searches; and Schnellboote, which added rules for torpedo boats and other small craft. All three were published by Simulations Canada. Combining the three games, players could design scenarios for any naval engagement in any theatre of World War II. Newberg later wrote, \"Scenarios tended to be fast and vicious, with either lots of casualties if the range got short, or a scattered confusion when closing did not happen. Pretty close to how these things actually went. This final title brought the series [of three games] up to almost 1,000 counters and coverage of every country and [naval vessel] combat class type of the war.", "title": "Publication history" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In Issue 102 of Strategy & Tactics, Douglas Niles commented, \"For aficianados of tactical naval games, Schnellboote has a lot to offer. This seems to be the area where SimCan does its best work, and their standards of accuracy and playability in naval games are displayed here.\" Niles liked the relatively simple rules, noting, \"Schnellboote avoids a lot of the complexity that is so common to tactical naval games, yet retains a high level of accuracy.\" Niles concluded, \"The scenarios can be fast, wild, and fierce, successful attributes of any successful wargame.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In a retrospective review written twenty years after this game's publication, Joe Scoleri commented \"With about six pages of rules (including tables), Schnellboote is a comparatively simple game, quick to set up and play. The downside of this is that the tactical depth is rather limited: the only really effective weapon in the game is the torpedo, and only then when it is fired at a range where it will reach its target within the turn at which it is launched, giving the target no time to outmaneuver it. That way, both players must usually aim for point-blank shots.\" Scoleri concluded, \"Overall, for the time at it was published, the game is quite good, but cannot really live up to today's expectations. Still, I would make the point that the game is probably the best tactical naval game system that can be described in six pages of rules.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sunshine on the Ice (Hungarian: Napfény a jégen) is a 1961 Hungarian comedy film directed by Frigyes Bán and starring Ferenc Bessenyei, Manyi Kiss and Mária Mezei. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director József Romvári.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Annapoorani is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Krishnan–Panju and written by Vietnam Veedu Sundaram from a story by Selvabharathi. The film stars K. R. Vijaya and R. Muthuraman, with Srikanth, Major Sundarrajan and Cho in supporting roles. It was released on 4 August 1978.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The music was composed by V. Kumar, with lyrics by Vaali. The song \"Unnai Paarkavendum\" attained popularity.", "title": "Soundtrack" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kausigan of Kalki appreciated the performance of Vijaya and Cho's humour but felt Sundaram's dialogues lacked his signature touch and in regards to Krishnan-Panju's direction he felt how can the feast be good if the ingredients and utensils bought for feast are not perfect and no use of pointing out the cook.", "title": "Release and reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Bruneian ambassador in Moscow is the official representative of the Government in Bandar Seri Begawan to the Government of Russia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 1 October 1991, the USSR and Brunei established diplomatic ties. Mahadi Maidin served as advisor-envoy in Moscow from 1999 to 2002. In 2004, Russia received its first ambassador of Brunei. Since February 2010, Brunei has been home to the Embassy of the Russian Federation.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "55°44′31″N 37°36′23″E / 55.7418406°N 37.6062528°E / 55.7418406; 37.6062528", "title": "List of ambassadors" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This sandbox is in the article namespace. Either move this page into your userspace, or remove the {{User sandbox}} template.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody, 422 US 405 (1975), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that Title VII disparate impact plaintiffs do not need to prove bad faith to be entitled to backpay. It also expanded on the holding from Griggs v. Duke Power that employment tests must be sufficiently job-related.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Before the enactment of Title VII, Albemarle Paper Company \"strictly segregated\" its production lines, giving the higher-paying and more skilled jobs strictly to white employees. This system persisted until 1968 when Albemarle and the employees' labor union enacted a new collective bargaining agreement.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The new agreement changed the existing seniority system. The agreement opened lines of progression to black employees that were previously open only to white employees. However, the system left the plant's black employees behind its white ones on every line of progression. \"The formerly 'Negro' lines of progression had been merely tacked on to the bottom of the formerly 'white' lines.\" In the 1950s, Albemarle began giving general ability tests to job applicants to sort them into the higher or lower-paying lines. Albemarle gave two tests, the Beta Examination and the Wonderlic test, which was at issue in Griggs v. Duke Power.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A class of former and then-present black employees sued Albemarle, as well as the union for violating Title VII. Initially, the plaintiffs sought only injunctive relief against policies, customs, or practices that violate Title VII under its disparate impact provision. In 1970, after a few years of discovery, the plaintiffs added a demand for backpay.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The district court ordered Albemarle to redo its seniority system but denied the plaintiff's claim for backpay because the plaintiffs had not shown bad faith on the part of Albemarle. The district court also refused to order changes or eliminate Albemarle's testing procedures. The Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the district court and ruled that backpay should have been awarded, rejecting the \"bad faith\" standard relied upon by the district court. The Fourth Circuit also ordered Albemarle to enjoin its use of the pre-employment tests.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The Supreme Court accepted cert to resolve the circuit split over the proper standard for awarding backpay, as well as what is required to show that pre-employment tests are sufficiently job-related.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Justice Potter Stewart delivered a 7-1 opinion for the court vacating the Fourth Circuit's decision and remanding for further proceedings. The court clarified the standard of culpability plaintiffs must prove to be eligible to receive backpay.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The court rejected the idea that plaintiffs had to show their employers' violations of Title VII were in bad faith. Justice Stewart explained that allowing backpay only where the employer acted in bad faith is inconsistent with the purpose of Title VII. Title VII specifically provides for \"make whole\" relief, where the \"injured party is to be placed, as near as may be, in the situation he would have occupied if the wrong had not been committed.\" Backpay is an important part of that relief and does not depend on employers' bad faith violations of the law. Justice Stewart also emphasized that the \"make whole\" purpose of Title VII, which includes backpay even against good faith violators of the law, is strongly supported by the legislative record around Title VII's enactment.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "However, Justice Stewart held that the plaintiffs may not be entitled to backpay if their demands for it are \"tardy [and] inconsistent\".Backpay is a form of equitable relief and awarding backpay is discretionary and requires a fact-based inquiry. Delayed and inconsistent demands for backpay may result in prejudice against the defendant, rendering backpay inappropriate. The Supreme Court remanded to lower courts to decide if the plaintiffs were entitled to backpay in light of the court's opinion.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The Court also reaffirmed the holding of Griggs v. Duke Power that \"employment tests that are discriminatory in effect unless the employer meets \"the burden of showing that any given requirement [has]… a manifest relationship to the employment in question. In the 1950s and '60s, Albemarle began using pre-employment tests, one of which was the Wonderlic and required a certain score for employees to be eligible for higher-paying jobs. Justice Stewart also approved of and cited EEOC's guidance on validating pre-employment tests. Albemarle's attempts to validate the tests as appropriately job-related fell flat.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "To be sufficiently job-related, the tests must accurately measure the ability of applicants to perform the job in question. Albemarle's attempt at validation failed on multiple fronts. The Beta Examination only correlated to job performance on three of Albemarle's eight lines. Albemarle administered two versions of the Wonderlic that while \"theoretically identical and interchangeable measures of verbal facility, significant correlations for one form but not for the other were obtained in four job groupings.\" Neither form showed a correlation to two of the eight lines. Additionally, the standards by which supervisors evaluated employees were \"extremely vague and fatally open to divergent interpretations.\"", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The court concluded that there was no way to know what criteria the supervisors were considering, or even whether different supervisors used the same criteria. There was therefore no way to know whether the criteria considered were sufficiently related to justify the employment practices with discriminatory impact.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The court vacated the Fourth Circuit's judgment and remanded to the district court for further proceedings.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Justice Thurgood Marshall wrote a concurring opinion to emphasize certain portions of the opinion regarding backpay. Title VII contains no bar to raising claims of backpay at any point in the litigation, even after trial had already begun. Justice Marshall emphasized that backpay should be granted to successful Title VII plaintiffs except in the most extreme circumstances. He left open the idea that Albemarle had been prejudiced by the plaintiff's lateness in adding the claim for backpay, but doubted Albemarle would be able to prove prejudice.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Justice Rehnquist wrote a concurring opinion to clarify the difference between backpay and damages. Where damages are automatically granted to victorious plaintiffs, backpay is equitable relief that is governed by equitable considerations. Justice Rehnquist noted that Title VII already contains a limited good faith defense for employers who relied on EEOC guidance when making employment decisions. Expanding the defense to backpay would therefore be atextual", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Justice Blackmun wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment of the court, but disagreeing with some of the opinion. Justice Blackmun argued that good faith was an important factor to consider when deciding backpay and also argued that the EEOC's guidelines, upon which the majority opinion relied, were not subject to formal rulemaking under the Administrative Procedures Act. He also argued that the theories underlying the EEOC's guidance were untested and overly rigid.", "title": "Supreme Court" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Justice Burger wrote an opinion concurring in part or dissenting in part. He argued that under the majority's standard, backpay was inappropriate because Albemarle had already changed its policies. He argued that imposing backpay liability on employers whose illegal activity was in good faith provides them with little incentive to comply, absent a court order. Justice Burger also argued that the majority improperly relied on EEOC guidance because that guidance is not formal regulations and are therefore not entitled to the level of deference granted them by the majority.", "title": "Supreme Court" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "María Fernanda Lira Solis (born 7 April 1995) is a Mexican professional golfer who plays on the U.S.-based Epson Tour and Ladies European Tour.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Born in Mexico City, Lira began playing golf at the age of 7. She competed in several American Junior Golf Association events in the U.S., where she was runner-up at the 2013 AJGA Boys & Girls Senior Championship at Las Vegas and won the Oaks Course Classic at TPC San Antonio.", "title": "Amateur career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lira played college golf at the University of Central Arkansas between 2013 and 2018, where she won the 2015 UALR/ASU Women's Golf Classic.", "title": "Amateur career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Lira joined the Symetra Tour in 2019. She won her first title at the 2021 FireKeepers Casino Hotel Championship by 6 strokes ahead of four runners-up led by Lilia Vu, after shooting a final round 62.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2020 and 2021, she also played on the Women's All Pro Tour, a Symetra Tour feeder tour based in Texas, where she won two titles.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Lira earned her card for the 2024 Ladies European Tour at Q-School, after shooting an opening round of 62, the lowest round of the tournament.", "title": "Professional career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2022–23 Bangladesh Cricket League One Day, is the 2nd edition of the BCL 1-Day, a List A cricket competition. It was held in Bangladesh, starting on 20 November and concluding on 27 November 2022. The tournament is followed by 2022–23 Bangladesh Cricket League . Central Zone is champion of the previous tournament, after they beat South Zone by six wickets in the final.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "North Zone won the tournament, after they beat South Zone by 3 runs in the final in Sher-e-Bangla National Stadium .", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Indonesian Islamic State (abbreviated NII; also known as the name Darul Islam or DI which means \"Islamic State\") is a rebel group in Indonesia which aims to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia. It began on 7 August 1949 by a group of Muslim militia, coordinated by a Muslim politician, Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo in Cisampang Village, Ciawiligar, Kawedanan Cisayong, Tasikmalaya, West Java. This group recognizes Islamic sharia as a valid source of law. This movement has produced splinters and branches that range from Jemaah Islamiyah to non-violent religious groups.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This movement aimed to make the Republic of Indonesia which at that time had just proclaimed its independence and existed during the war with the Dutch Kingdom as a theocratic state with Islamic religion as the basis of the state. In its proclamation that \"The law that applies in the Islamic State of Indonesia is Islamic Sharia Law\", even more clearly in the law it is stated that \"The state is based on Islam\" and \"The highest law is Al Quran and Al Hadith\". The proclamation of the Islamic State of Indonesia firmly stated the state's obligation to make laws based on Islamic law, and a strong rejection of ideologies other than the Koran and Al Hadith, which they called \"infidel law\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In its development, NII recruited new students who came from outside Java to mendakterin (brainwashing), DI spread to several regions, especially West Java (along with bordering areas in Central Java), South Sulawesi , Aceh and South Kalimantan . To protect the train, the Cavalry of Siliwangi Military Command VI (now Kodam III) escorted the train with engineless panzers driven by West German Krupp D-52 steam locomotives. The Panzer contained TNI members who were ready with their weapons. If there is fighting between the TNI and DI/TII ahead, the train must stop at the nearest stop. The armed rebellion that lasted 13 years has hindered the community's economic growth. Thousands of mothers became widows and thousands of children became orphans. An estimated 13,000 Sundanese people, members of village security organizations (OKD) and soldiers died. The DI/TII member who died is not known exactly.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "After Kartosoewirjo was arrested TNI and executed in 1962, this movement became divided, but continued to exist secretly even though it was declared an illegal organization by the Indonesian government.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The DI/TII rebellion in Aceh began with the \"Proclamation\" Daud Beureu'eh that Aceh was part of the \"Indonesian Islamic State\" under the leadership of Imam Kartosuwirjo on 20 September 1953 .", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Daud Beureu'eh once held the position of \"Military Governor of Aceh\" when the first Dutch military aggression began on July 21, 1947, to defend Indonesian independence. The area of military control given to him by the Indonesian Government includes the Aceh Residency, Langkat Regency and Tanah Karo. The rank received by Daud Beureu'eh is major general with leadership over armed forces belonging to Indonesian National Army.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "As Military Governor he has full authority over the defense of the Aceh region and controls all government apparatus, both civil and military. As a cleric and former Military Governor, Daud Beureuh was able to gain followers. Daud Beureuh also succeeded in influencing Aceh Government officials, especially in the Pidie area. For some time Daud Beureuh and his subordinates were able to control parts of Aceh.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "After assistance arrived from North Sumatra and Central Sumatra, ABRI (TNI-POLRI) security restoration operations immediately began. After being pushed out of the big cities, Daud Beureuh continued his rebellion in the forests. The final resolution of the Daud Beureuh Rebellion was carried out with a \"Deliberation for Harmony of the Acehnese People\" in December 1962 on the initiative of the Commander of Kodam I/Iskandar Muda, Colonel General Makarawong.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In October 1950 DI/ TII was also recorded as carrying out a rebellion in South Kalimantan led by Ibnu Hadjar. The rebels caused disruption by attacking ABRI (TNI-POLRI) unit posts. In dealing with the DI/TII gang, the government initially took a peaceful approach to Ibnu Hadjar by giving him the opportunity to surrender and be accepted as a member of ABRI. Ibnu Hadjar pretended to surrender, but after surrendering he ran away again and carried out another rebellion so that the government was finally forced to assign ABRI troops (TNI-POLRI) to arrest Ibnu Hadjar. At the end of 1959 Ibnu Hadjar and all his gang members were caught and sentenced to death.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Amir Fatah is the figure who gave birth to DI/TII Central Java. Initially he was loyal to the Republic of Indonesia, but then his attitude changed to support the DI/TII Movement. This change in attitude was caused by several reasons. First, there are ideological similarities between Amir Fatah and S.M. Kartosuwirjo, both of whom are staunch supporters of Islamic ideology. Second, Amir Fatah and his supporters consider that the Indonesian Government and TNI officials serving in the Tegal-Brebes area have been influenced by \"Leftists\" and are interfering with the struggle of Muslims. Third, due to the influence of \"Leftists\", the Indonesian Government and TNI were deemed to not appreciate the struggle of Amir Fatah and his supporters during that time in the Tegal-Brebes area. Even the power he had established before the Second Military Aggression had to be handed over to the TNI under Wongsoatmojo. Fourth, there was an order for his arrest by Major Wongsoatmojo.", "title": "Movement" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The government plans to disband the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unity (KGSS) and distribute its members to the community. It turned out that Kahar Muzakkar demanded that the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Unit and other guerrilla units be included in one brigade called the Hasanuddin Brigade under his leadership. The demand was rejected because many of them were not eligible for military service. The government took the policy of channeling the former guerrillas into the National Tjadangan Corps (CTN). When he was appointed as Acting Deputy Commander of the Army and Tetorium VII, Kahar Muzakkar and his followers fled into the forest carrying full weapons and causing disturbances. Kahar Muzakkar changed the name of his troops to the Indonesian Islamic Army and declared it part of DI/TII Kartosuwiryo on 7 August 1953. On February 3 1965, Kahar Muzakkar was shot dead by ABRI (TNI-POLRI) troops in a shootout.", "title": "Movement" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Invisible Cage, also known as Blues for Bouffemont in some releases, is a studio album by jazz pianist Bud Powell with Michael Gaudry on bass and Art Taylor on drums. It was recorded in France shortly before Powell's return to the United States.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "All compositions by Bud Powell unless otherwise indicated", "title": "Track listing" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jaan Unt (November 7, 1947 – January 12, 2012) was an Estonian classical philologist, translator, and literary scholar. He translated from Ancient Greek, Latin, and Russian.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Jaan Unt was born in Tartu, the son of Valter Unt (1908–1964) and Asta Unt (née Haaristo, 1921–?). From 1955 to 1966, he studied Estonian philology at Tartu Secondary School No. 1, and then at Tartu State University from 1966 to 1968. He then served in the Soviet Army. From 1971 to 1976, he studied classical philology at Leningrad State University.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After his military service, Unt taught Estonian at Mustla High School [et]. From 1976 to 1980, he was a senior technical assistant in the History Institute's Feudal History Department at the Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, and from 1980 to 1985 he worked as a freelancer in Tartu. In 1985, he started working as a lecturer at Tartu State University, where he taught until 2008, ending his career as a lecturer in the chair of world literature.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Jaan Unt was the husband of the literary scholar and translator Kersti Unt [et] and the father of the literary scholar and translator Marja Unt [et] and Jaan-Kristjan Und.", "title": "Family" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "David Grierson Carter (born 7 December 1961) is an Australian former rugby union international.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Carter was born in the New South Wales town Quirindi and attended Sydney's Scots College.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A back-row forward, Carter was a NSW Country captain and gained five caps for the Wallabies, debuting as a number eight against the touring England team in 1988. He was capped twice on the 1989 tour of France.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Carter is the father of former Wallabies lock Sam Carter.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Dolores Cannon (April 15, 1931, St. Louis, Missouri – October 18, 2014, Fayetteville, Arkansas) was an American author and former UFO researcher.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cannon completed her education in 1947 when she was 16 years old. In 1951 she married Johnny Cannon and traveled with him the following 21 years. In the 1960's the couple used hypnotherapy to control their habits. While stationed in a Navy base in Texas one of their doctors asked them to help one of his patients to threat three medical condition, while in hypnosis the patient started talking about a previous life as a flapper in Chicago, during the following months the patient was regressed to five previous lives, this was the focus of her first book, \"Five lives Remembered\". In many American states the practice of hypnotherapy is not regulated and it's practices does not require a occupational licensing.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Cannon was an hypnotherapist who used Past life regression therapy as a way to explore the subconscious mind, that she also called the higher self. In her books, she wrote that Past life regression therapy brought her rare and even paranormal cases, these lead her to became a UFO researcher for 20 years and used her knowledge of regression therapy to help people believed to have been involved in alien abductions. She found a wide audience, partly thanks to many lectures abroad and articles by and about her in various international magazines. She also appeared on numerous television and radio programs.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Cannon was a heavy pepsi drinker during most of her life until her physician asked her to stop drinking it due to its sugar levels. Her daughter is Julia Cannon. Her husband died in 1994.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Cannon wrote 17 books about her research into hypnosis and UFOs, which were translated into more than 20 languages. Her three-volume series Conversations with Nostradamus contains the translations of almost 1,000 prophecies.", "title": "Bibliography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Vision of Saint Anthony of Padua may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Magdalen Margaret Christian Fergusson OBE FRSL is a British biographer and editor. In addition to serving as literary editor for The Tablet and as editor of the Royal Society of Literature Review, she is the writer of two biographies on British writers: George Mackay Brown: The Life (2006) and Michael Morpurgo: War Child to War Horse (2013).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "While working at the Royal Society of Literature (RSL) as secretary (a position she had held since 1989), Fergusson became interested in the writer George Mackay Brown after finding his work in the society's library. After spending some time working in the financial industry and for Harpers & Queen, she was sent by The Times to her first visit to Orkney, where she would interview Mackay Brown in anticipation of his upcoming novel Vinland.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "With the support of Mackay Brown and his editor Hugo Brunner, Fergusson decided to write a biography on him. Relying on sources like collections of uncatalogued letters associated with Mackay Brown and the assistance of Mackay Brown's siblings and literary executor Archie Bevan, the final product, George Mackay Brown: The Life, was released from Mackay Brown's publisher John Murray in 2006. The book was shortlisted for the 2006 Costa Book Award for Biography. In 2013, she published Michael Morpurgo: War Child to War Horse, another biography about a British novelist.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In addition to her contributions to national newspapers, she has worked as the literary editor for The Tablet and as editor of the Royal Society of Literature Review. In addition to her role as secretary, she has also served as a literary advisor in the RSL.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "She was appointed Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 2010. She was made Member of the Order of the British Empire at the 2012 New Year Honours \"for services to Literature\".", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Fergusson has two daughters.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "LVB may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "LXB may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lieutenant General Valeriy Mykolayovych Stepanov (Ukrainian: Валерій Миколайович Степанов; 11 January 1946 - 15 March 2008), was a Ukrainian army officer who had served as the first commander of the Carpathian Military District in independent Ukraine from 1992 to 1993.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Valeriy Stepanov was born on 11 January 1946 in Odesa.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 1968, he graduated from the Kyiv higher military command school, the Military Academy named after M. Frunze in 1976.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "He served as the commander of a motorized rifle platoon and company in the Central Group of Forces, chief of staff and deputy regiment commander, commander of a motorized rifle regiment and division in the forces of the Leningrad Military District, commander of the 94th motorized rifle division in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After graduating from the General Staff Academy in 1987, he became the chief of staff, first deputy commander of the 35th Army, commander of the 13th Combined Arms Army of the Carpathian Military District.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 28 January 1992, Stepanov was appointed the first commander of the Carpathian Military District in post-independent Ukraine.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "From 1993 to 1994, he was the deputy commander of the forces of the Odesa Military District for reforming the armed forces.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In September 1994, he was dismissed from Armed Forces of Ukraine. After his retirement, he worked as a department head and director of the Department of Defense Policy of the Odesa City Council. He headed the Public Organization of the Association of Veterans of Senior Officers of the City of Odesa.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "He died on 15 March 2008, and was buried in Odesa.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Saint Anthony with the Christ Child may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Heisk is a Scottish folk band. Its musical style is tailored for festival dance parties. It is composed of six women and emphasizes female empowerment in the Scottish traditional music scene.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The band was formed by Skeoch and Hawksworth after they witnessed a dearth of female representation at the Celtic Connections festival.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The band aims for a \"festival party vibe\". John Barlass of At the Barrier described the band's style as \"a blend of traditional influences from Scotland and Europe, all spiced up with healthy and enjoyable servings of funk, soul and unadulterated pop\".", "title": "Musical style" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Growing Stars, Inc. is an online tutoring company based in Pleasanton, California, which operates the eponymous personalized learning platform for students.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Growing Stars was established in November 2002 by Biju Mathew, an Indian-origin software engineer, and his friend Saji Philip with seed money of $500,000. Mathew recruited tutors from his hometown Kochi for math, science, and English, and the company began operations in January 2004 as a one-on-one homework outsourcing and test preparation tutoring service for students based in the United States. It later expanded to include students from countries such as Canada, Australia, and Great Britain. It ran a pilot for the Upward Bound program at Marist College, Poughkeepsie, New York.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Almonaster la Real Mosque (also known as Mezquita de Almonaster in Spanish) was an Islamic mosque located in this Spanish municipality in the Province of Huelva, Andalusia. It was built during the Caliphate of Córdoba, between the 9th and 10th centuries, inside the castle of Almonaster, on the remains of a Visigothic basilica of the 6th century, whose materials were reused. After the Christian Reconquest, it was converted into a chapel, under the patronage of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, and since then it has been the site of Catholic worship.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is a historical and artistic site of exceptional value, being the only Andalusian mosque that has been preserved almost intact in Spain in a rural area, preserving to this day the sobriety and seclusion typical of these buildings. With Roman, Caliphal and Christian elements, it was declared a National Monument on June 3, 1931, protected generically by the decree of April 22, 1949 and by Law 16/85 on Spanish Historical Heritage. Today it combines its religious function with that of a cultural center.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The mosque is built on a hill overlooking the town of Almonaster la Real. It is part of a complex that includes, in addition to the oratory, an old Muslim fortress annexed to a bullring.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It is a trapezoidal construction, a shape that was probably determined by the slope of the land. It is observed in the structure of the temple a classic organization of the places of Islamic worship, distinguishing two separate spaces: The courtyard of ablutions or sahn and the prayer hall or haram, forming a square area of about eleven meters on each side. The prayer hall consists of five naves of unequal width. Its arcades, like those of the Mosque of Córdoba, run transversally to the qibla. The central nave is wider than the next two, which in turn are wider than the outer two. The sections on the south side are wider than the others, resulting in a clear arrangement in the form of a letter \"T\". The courtyard, in the prolongation of the two western collateral naves, is partly excavated in the rock.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The building is made of brick, granite ashlars and masonry. For its construction, material was used, such as funeral arks, columns and Roman capitals from the 1st and 2nd centuries, as well as Visigothic fragments from the 5th and 6th centuries, such as a tombstone with an epitaph, an iconostasis door, a abacus and a lintel. The arches are made of brick and rest on a series of heteroclite supports. Some are column shafts, others are stone pillars.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The mihrab is a deep niche made of brick and stone of archaic appearance, which has lost its cladding. To the north, outside the building, west of the mihrab, rises a square minaret. It is probable that the mosque had only one entrance in the first northern section of the central nave. Its scarce light was received from the patio, the door and three narrow windows or loopholes, two of them to the left and right of the mihrab.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In the Christian period an apse was added to the mosque on the east side. Its brick hemispherical dome was built in the first half of the 18th century. It has remains of mural paintings from the same period with vegetal decoration and tondos with the Fathers of the Latin Church. Next to the apse is a sacristy and on the west side a portico. This gave the building a new central axis and, with it, a new liturgical orientation, corresponding to the new religion. The old door and the north side were also rebuilt. Sixteen undated tombs have been discovered in the prayer hall, while a large font is located in the northeast corner.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Art historians point out that the strong archaic and rustic character of the whole building is due either to the fact that the mosque was built in the early 9th century, or to the fact that it is a \"provincial version\" of the buildings of the period of the caliphs. The hierarchization of the prayer hall seems to support the second assumption.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It is considered that the site of the mosque was of great importance for the different peoples and cultures that, throughout history, passed through Almonaster, the present building remaining standing for more than a thousand years, used for religious purposes by Muslims and Christians.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In Roman period it seems that a military enclave existed in the place next to a building of sacred character. In the 6th century it was converted into a Visigothic monastery (hence the place name of the town of Almonaster - Almunnastyr - The monastery) that disappeared with the arrival of the Muslims to the Iberian Peninsula. The area was then conquered by the governor Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa, where Berber settlers, who depended on the Walids of Córdoba, settled. The first written testimony about Almonaster dates from 822, although the existence of the mosque is not mentioned:", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "... the iqlim of al-Munastyr and the others of the kúra of Seville collected more than 35,000 dinars from the gibáya.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Between the 9th and 10th centuries the mosque was erected on the site, using materials from the pre-existing Roman and Visigothic buildings, both in structure and decoration, especially columns and capitals. The architectural complex and the hamlet were also surrounded by a walled fence. During the Caliphate of Córdoba, until its decomposition, the settlement had importance in the area, which it maintained years later when Almonaster became part of the Taifa Kingdom of Badajoz. With the Almohad invasion this mountainous area struggled to remain independent until it ended up falling in 1111. Judging by the important defensive function of Al-Munastyr, during the last years of the advance of the Christian kingdoms, the human movement around Almonaster and its mosque must have been very important.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The Christians reconquered Almonaster in the 13th century, respecting the mosque and converting it into a chapel, making some minor modifications over the following years. In 1230, the Military Order of the Hospital, incorporated Almonaster and part of the mountain range to the Kingdom of Portugal, making possible the repopulation of the area. However, it was not until 1253 when Pope Innocent IV, in order to avoid disputes over the Algarve territory, incorporated the area east of the Guadiana to the Crown of Castile, specifically to the Kingdom of Seville, under the ecclesiastical lordship of the Archbishop of Seville.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Throughout the 13th and 14th centuries, practically the entire population lived sheltered behind the walls of the fortress, until the 15th century, when Almonaster ceased to be a defensive plaza. The Archbishopric of Seville stopped paying preferential attention to the temple, leading to a slow deterioration. Documents from 1583 are preserved that give news of the state of the temple, estimating its value at 14,000 ducats and calling the mosque \"the old Moorish church\". When it became a chapel, the mosque probably took the title of St. Mary, since in the 15th century the temple is already named under the title of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Today, in addition to being a Catholic church, the building serves as a cultural and interpretation center in the town.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Castianeira swiftay is a species of true spider in the family Corinnidae. It is found in Costa Rica. The species name was given in honour of the singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, \"...whose music has kept the first author energised and motivated through many late nights at the microscope\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Myrmecomorphic spiders less than 1 cm (6-8 mm) long, mostly reddish-brown in colour. Carapace and abdomen dark red, ocular area black with scattered silvery setae, distinct spot of white setae situated posteriorly on abdomen; sternum orange", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "\"Love Me Like an Outlaw\" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Kalsey Kulyk. She wrote the song with Davis Corley and Mark Addison Chandler. It became Kulyk's first top 30 hit at Canadian country radio. The song will be included on her upcoming album, set for release in February 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kulyk wrote the track with two other songwriters in Nashville in 2018. After holding the song for years, and becoming an independent artist, Kulyk elected to put the song on the list for her upcoming album. She received a great response from her producer and radio tracker, who told her she must record it. Kulyk stated \"sometimes you just got to go with your gut\".", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Jenna Melanson of Canadian Beats Media called \"Love Me Like an Outlaw\" a \"beautifully produced, perfectly delivered, poetic country\". New Country 103.1 named the song their \"Trending Track\" in August 2023.", "title": "Critical reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kulyk performed \"Love Me Like an Outlaw\" live for 92.9 The Bull. She later performed the song on television for Global News Morning Saskatoon on December 8, 2023.", "title": "Live performance" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The official music video for \"Love Me Like an Outlaw\" premiered exclusively on Tinnitist on November 21, 2023, and was made available on YouTube later that day. Kulyk and her husband Eric Ethridge shot and edited most of the footage for the video together. They filmed the video on a ranch belonging to a friend of Kulyk's cousin, and at Kulyk's cousin's cabin in Canmore, Alberta.", "title": "Music video" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Rajashekhar Mantha (born 29 October 1967) is an Indian advocate who is serving as permanent judge of Calcutta High Court since 16 September 2019. Previously, he was an additional judge from 21 September 2019 to 15 September 2019. He was known for his controversial judgements made against Government of West Bengal.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mantha was born on 29 October 1967. He studied at St. Xavier's Collegiate School in Kolkata as well as St. Paul's Boarding and Day's School. He obtained an LL.B. in April 1990 from Nagpur University's College of Law and earned an LL.M. in Commercial Corporate Laws in April 1991 from the University of London's King's College.", "title": "Early Life and Education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mantha joined the Bar Council of West Bengal in December 1991 as a lawyer. He became a Senior Advocate in July 2015. He was nominated as an additional judge in High Court of Calcutta in 2017. He was promoted to permanent judge in 2019.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Mantha since 2022, give indefinite protection to Opposition Leader of West Bengal Suvendu Adhikari by halting most of the criminal prosecutions against him until the court decided his petition. In reaction, in January 2023 fifteen attorneys besieged his courtroom and reportedly engaged in a heated argument with other attorneys who refused to follow their directive to boycott. Later, the court initiates contempt proceedings against them. The Bar Council assures that there will no more disruptions after that.", "title": "Controversies" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On January 9, Kolkata Police observed 1000 posters has sticked on Mantha's house at Jodhpur Park, as well as other 30 houses, walls and on Jodhpur Park Boys' School. The posters depicting Mantha protecting BJP leaders. Under the order of court, those posters were taken down, and arrested 6 accused.", "title": "Controversies" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The following is a list of the highest-grossing films in Vietnam, with gross revenue in Vietnamese đồng. This is not an official tracking of figures, as reliable sources that publish data are frequently pressured to increase their estimates.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lake Boren is located just south of downtown Newcastle, Washington. Lake Boren Park is located on its southwestern shore.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lake Boren, once named Etta Cartney Lake, was once much larger and deeper than it is now, with a depth of 90 feet (27 m) in 1883. It is fed by China Creek, which originates on Cougar Mountain. The creek was named for Chinese coal miners, who had racial confrontations with white miners. The lake overflowed onto a floodplain during the winter, which was used for grazing livestock during the summer. Before 1950, the lake had salmon runs that migrated from Lake Washington.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Sediment from China Creek reduced the depth of the lake to 34 feet (10 m). The creek was channelized in the 1960s, stopping flooding and allowing for development near the lake. A culvert mostly stopped salmon migration in the 1950s.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Lake Boren Park has many amenities, including a fishing dock, tennis courts, a basketball court, a sand volleyball court, a play area and picnic shelters. It is home to community events, such as concerts, Fourth of July fireworks, and Newcastle Days.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "There are many hiking trails near Lake Boren. The Waterline trail travels just to the west of Lake Boren Park, connecting it to the May Creek Trail and downtown Newcastle.. The CrossTown trail runs east from Lake Boren Park, connecting to the large trail network of Cougar Mountain Regional Wildland Park", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The lake is popular for fishing. It has been stocked with rainbow trout by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife since the salmon run was cut off.. Other fish species in the lake include brown bullhead, coastal cutthroat trout, largemouth bass, and yellow perch.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Lake Boren has 660 acres (270 ha) of watershed area. It is a mesotrophic lake.", "title": "Description" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Markeith is a masculine given name, a conflation of the names Mark and Keith, meaning 'warrior' or 'woodland'. Notable people with the given name include:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Caligophryne is a genus of frog in the superfamily Hyloidea, clade Brachycephaloidea. It contains the single species C. doylei and is the only member of the family Caligophrynidae. It is endemic to the highest parts of the Cerro de la Neblina tepui on the border of Brazil and Venezuela.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The genus name is a combination of caligo, the Latin word for mist, and phryne, Greek for toad. The species name references famed British writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who wrote The Lost World, a novel that featured prehistoric creatures surviving on a South American plateau.", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Caligophryne was described in 2023 alongside Neblinaphryne, another ancient frog genus thought to belong to its own family that is also endemic to the Neblina massif; both are the first frog taxa described simultaneously as a new species, genus, and family since the purple frog in 2003. Their persistence in the region supports the hypothesis of the tepuis serving as refugia for early Cenozoic taxa. Caligophryne is thought to be the sister group to the Brachycephalidae, a group now restricted to the Atlantic Forest, from which it diverged during the early Eocene.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Due to its very restricted range at the highest reaches of the Neblina massif, this species is thought to be at high risk from climate change and potential introduction of chytridomycosis, and it has thus been recommended it be classified as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List.", "title": "Threats" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Crakk also known as Crakk - Jeethegaa Toh Jiyegaa! is an upcoming 2024 Indian Hindi-language sports action film directed by Aditya Datt and produced by Vidyut Jammwal under Action Hero Films. It stars Vidyut Jammwal, Nora Fatehi, Amy Jackson and Arjun Rampal. It is billed as the first-ever extreme sports action film in India. The film marks the second collaboration of Dutt and Jammwal after Commando 3 (2019).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Crakk is scheduled to be released on 23 February 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A Mumbai-based slum dweller embarks on a journey into the dangerous world of underground sports, where only victory can promise the participants' survival.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Under his production banner Action Hero Films, Vidyut Jammwal collaborates with Aditya Datt for a film titled Crakk, which marks their second venture after Commando 3 and also billed as India's extreme sports-action film. The film stars Arjun Rampal and Jacqueline Fernandez. However, Jacqueline gets replaced with Nora Fatehi due to a legal dispute. The shooting was wrapped on 18 December 2023.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The film will be released on 23 February 2024.", "title": "Release" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Crakk at IMDb", "title": "External Links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Shanghai Micro Electronics Equipment (Group) Co., Ltd. (SMEE), is a manufacturer of semiconductor manufacturing equipment based in Shanghai, China. The company is involved in the manufacture and sale of lithography scanners (including DUV immersion lithography scanners) and inspection tools to the semiconductor manufacturing industry; it also provides support services for its machines to its customers.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Prior to 2023, SMEE's most advanced product was the SSA600, which has a scanning resolution that is capable of fabricating 90 nm-process class integrated circuit silicon chips. The SSA600 series machines has been described by observers as an immersion deep ultraviolet lithography tool which features an argon fluoride (ArF) excimer laser emitting coherent ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 193 nm.", "title": "Product history" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In December 2023, western media reported that SMEE has completed the initial development of its new SSA800-10W immersion lithography machine which has a scanning resolution capable of fabricating 28 nm-process class chips. Instances of the new machine may have been delivered to manufacturers such as SMIC and to research institutes. SSA800 continues to use ArF laser as its light source but also includes better tools and components which enable manufacturers to fashion circuit features associated with 28 nm-process technology. It is unclear at this point if SSA800, or a future refinement of the machine, can be employed on processes below 28 nm. (Generally, photolithography techniques developed in the field of multiple patterning allow immersion lithography machines using ArF laser light sources to achieve integrated circuits features associated with technology as low as 7 nm-processes; for example, in 2016, media reports implied that Intel's then new 10 nm-process used immersion DUV machines along with self-aligned double patterning techniques rather than EUV technology.) Western media also reported that SSA800 is designed so that none of its components include intellectual property that originate in the United States . SMEE's SSA800 machine lags photolithography industry leader ASML Holding in time: ASML first delivered 28 nm-capable machines to TSMC in 2011.", "title": "Product history" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "SMEE's SSA800 scanners apparently will be followed up by the even more advanced SSA900, with a resolution of 22 nm. It is not publicly known in what time frame SMEE will embark (or may already have embarked) upon the development of an EUV lithography scanner that may in time compete with the EUV machines currently produced by ASML.", "title": "Product history" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In December 2022, as part of the United States' effort to impede Chinese development of advanced semiconductor equipment, the United States Department of Commerce added SMEE to the Bureau of Industry and Security's Entity List.", "title": "United States sanctions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Never Gonna Get It may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hendrikus Marie Gerardus 'Harrie' Smeets (22 October 1960 – 20 December 2023) was a Dutch Roman Catholic prelate who was bishop of Roermond from 2018 to 2023. He died of a brain tumour on 20 December 2023, at the age of 63.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vladimir Volkov may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Magatte Wade is a Senegalese entrepreneur, raised in France, made famous initially for a TEDTalk she made in 2017 about what she argues is an excessive regulatory environment in Africa which forces young Africans to emigrate for economic reasons. Wade is also known since at least 2004 for her business and entrepreneurial ventures including creating a soft drink company that sells soft drinks in the United States and global markets using traditional African ingredients, such as hibiscus.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Wade was born in Senegal, though she was raised in France.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Wade said in an interview with Forbes Africa that, \"I turned down business degrees at Harvard and Stanford, because they would have ruined me as an entrepreneur. These courses teach you to be a good manager, but not an entrepreneur.\"", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Wade speaks the Wolof, French, and English languages fluently.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Wade began her entrepreneurial career in 2004 by creating a soft drink company called Adina World Beat Beverages that made drinks using traditional African ingredients. She then went on to form a cosmetics and beauty company called The Tiossano Tribe, named after a Senegalese word meaning \"origins\".", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In an interview with Forbes Wade said in response to the question, \"What are the biggest challenges you’ve faced in doing business?\" that:", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The negative perception that most Americans have about Africa. Either they believe that it is a disaster and thus I can't possibly build a business based on producing goods in Africa, or they believe that it is a disaster and want me to build a \"pity-based\" brand where Americans buy the products because they feel sorry for Africans. The notion that Africans can be capable, hard-working, successful professionals creating world-class products and services is largely alien to the American mindset. The media and, sadly, the NGOs, are largely responsible for this perception of Africa. But because I believe in \"Criticize By Creating\", I created Tiossan as a fun and value-creation oriented way to positively change the perception that the world has of Africa.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 2019, a piece published by FEE argued that Wade really identified a core issue relating to the different levels of economic success that are present around the globe, specifically among post-colonial geo-locales (such as Singapore), and Wade would repeatedly ask, \"Why is it that those post-colonial locations are rich, but resource rich Africa is not?\" to which she concluded, \"...in wealthier nations, commerce and trade are allowed to occur and even encouraged. In places like Hong Kong and Dubai, she saw, it was much easier for individuals to start and operate a business than it was in her own country. And more business means more economic opportunities for the entire country.\"", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In an op-ed published in 2021 in the Wall Street Journal, Wade stated opposition to proposals from the COP26 that would restrict African use of fossil fuels. Wade stated that, \"We want to help with climate change, but our lives and economies depend on fossil fuels.\"", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Wade has argued that \"...corruption rather than colonialism as a key cause of impoverishment in some parts of Africa.\"", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Magatte Wade is an affiliate of the libertarian group the Atlas Network and coordinates efforts on behalf of the organization in Africa.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Wade has appeared on some major podcasts and other media including the Lex Fridman podcast and the Jordan Peterson podcast.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Neblinaphryne is a genus of frog in the superfamily Hyloidea, clade Brachycephaloidea. It contains the single species N. mayeri and is the only member of the family Neblinaphrynidae. It is endemic to the highest parts of the Cerro de la Neblina tepui on the border of Brazil and Venezuela.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The genus name is a combination of neblina, the Portuguese word for mist, and phryne, Greek for toad. The species name honors Brazilian army general Sinclair James Mayer, who helped organize research expeditions to the Pantepui region.", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Neblinaphryne was described in 2023 alongside Caligophryne, another ancient frog genus thought to belong to its own family that is also endemic to the Neblina massif; both are the first frog taxa described simultaneously as a new species, genus, and family since the purple frog in 2003. Their persistence in the region supports the hypothesis of the tepuis serving as refugia for early Cenozoic taxa. Neblinaphryne is thought to be the sister group to all other Brachycephaloidea aside from Ceuthomantis, and is thought to have diverged from the group near the end of the Paleocene.", "title": "Taxonomy" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Due to its very restricted range at the highest reaches of the Neblina massif, this species is thought to be at high risk from climate change and potential introduction of chytridomycosis, and it has thus been recommended it be classified as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List.", "title": "Threats" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023–24 Saint Louis Billikens women's basketball team represents Saint Louis University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Billikens, led by second-year head coach Rebecca Tillett, play their home games at Chaifetz Arena in St. Louis, Missouri as members of the Atlantic 10 Conference.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Billikens finished the 2022–23 season 17–18, 10–6 in A–10 play to finish in a tie for third place. They defeated Saint Joseph's, Rhode Island, and UMass to win their first ever A–10 tournament championship, to clinch the conference's automatic bid into the NCAA tournament, their first NCAA tournament appearance in program history. They were placed in the Seattle Regional 3 as the #13 seed, where they would be defeated by Tennessee in the first round.", "title": "Previous season" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Sources:", "title": "Schedule and results" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "C-type may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "C-Type may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "C type may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Gopal Sharma (born 5 March 1959) is an Indian politician serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Assembly, he is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, and represents the Civil Lines Assembly constituency from Jaipur district.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was elected as MLA from the Civil Lines assembly constituency, defeating Pratap Singh Khachariyawas, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), by a margin of 28,329 votes.", "title": "Political career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Bangladesh Cricket League is an List-A cricket version of Bangladesh Cricket League tournament that began in Bangladesh in the 2021–22 season.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Amrita Ahluwalia is a British pharmacologist and professor of vascular pharmacology at Queen Mary University of London. Her research considers the development of therapeutics for cardiovascular inflammation. She was awarded the WISE Research Award in 2015.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Ahluwalia studied pharmacology as an undergraduate at the University of Bath. During her undergraduate degree she spent a year at Glaxo, where the systems and efficiency impressed her. Here she explored drugs that looked to improve coronary vascular function, and was first introduced to animal dissection. At Glaxo she also started using in vivo assays. She was a doctoral researcher at the Queen Mary University of London William Harvey Research Institute, where she studied the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory actions of topical steroids. After earning her doctorate she moved to St George's, University of London, where she worked with Patrick Vallance.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Ahluwalia joined the faculty at the University College London, where she was part of the Cruciform Project that would become the Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research. She eventually returned to Queen Mary University of London, where she was made Professor of Pharmacology. Her early research focussed on the development of therapeutics for cardiovascular inflammation. She identified a new Nitric Oxide synthesis pathway, and found that beetroot could lower hypertension.", "title": "Research and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the early 2000s she started working on an endothelial mediator that required the generation of a knockout mouse, and, to maximise efficiency, used female as well as male mice in her clinical trials. She showed that pharmaceuticals aimed at reducing blood pressure used a different biological pathway in female (as opposed to male) mice, which resulted in the release of different mediators.", "title": "Research and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Today, Ahluwalia studies how sex differences impact drug action of cardiovascular disease. The majority of FDA-approved pharmaceuticals have adverse effects in women. Her human studies have shown that women recover from inflammation quicker, which is why they are less susceptible to coronary disease.", "title": "Research and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 2005 she established the British Pharmacological Society women's mentoring programme, and established the Women in Pharmacology Committee in 2007. She served as Director of the William Harvey Research Institute from 2013 to 2020. She is the current Director of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration Cardiovascular Clinical Trials Unit. She has served as Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Pharmacology since 2016.", "title": "Research and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "LHG may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Qingheying station (Chinese: 清河营站; pinyin: Qīnghéyíng Zhàn) is an underground station of Line 17 of the Beijing Subway. It is planned to open on 30 December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The station is located under the interchange between Shui'an South Street (水岸南街) and Beiyuan East Road (北苑东路) in Qingheying Village, where the station name comes from, in Laiguangying, Chaoyang, Beijing.", "title": "Location" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The station is an underground station with 1 island platformwith a total length of 360 metres and a total width of 21.1 metres.", "title": "Station layout" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ido Kas (born in 1985) is an Israel Defence Force officer with the rank of Colonel, currently serving as the commander of the Fire arrows Formation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kas was born and raised in Kfar Bilu. He enlisted in the IDF and volunteered for Shayetet 13. After completing his combat training and operational service, he finished an infantry officers' course. He served in various staff and command positions in Shayetet 13. In 2021, he was appointed as the head of the office of the Chief of General Staff Aviv Kochavi and later, Herzi Halevi. On September 4, 2023, he was appointed as the commander of the Fire arrows Formation. Kas commanded the brigade in the Iron Swords War, where it fought in the northern Gaza Strip in the Beit Hanoun and Beit Lahiya area, destroying Hamas infrastructure and killing many Hamas operatives. Subsequently, the brigade fought in the Jabalia refugee camp, where it also destroyed terrorist infrastructure and targeted Hamas operatives.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Liam Vrolijk is a Dutch chess grandmaster.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In December 2018, he tied for first place with GM Ottomar Ladva in the Groningen Chess Festival. Vrolijk lost the championship to Ladva on tiebreaks, though defeated GM Roeland Pruijssers in the final round.", "title": "Chess career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In April 2020, Vrolijk was defeated by Ahmed Adly in the Sunway Sitges International Online Chess Open, which was the first online Swiss tournament held under classical time controls.", "title": "Chess career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In February 2021, he tied for 13th place with a score of 8.5/11 in the Titled Tuesday Blitz tournament. At the event, he managed draws against higher-rated players Mustafa Yılmaz and Rudik Makarian.", "title": "Chess career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He is scheduled to compete in the Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2024.", "title": "Chess career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lobivia calorubra is a species of Lobivia found in Bolivia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lobivia calorubra is a type of cactus with stems that can reach heights of 6-7 feet and widths of 14 cm. These stems have 16 ribs and areoles, each bearing a single central spine that can grow up to 2.5 cm long, as well as 9-13 slightly curved radial spines. The flowers of this species are noteworthy for their orange-red upper parts and bluish-pink bases, reaching sizes of up to 15 cm.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "This species is native to Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, and Tarija found between Comarapa and San Isidro in Bolivia. It is found at elevations ranging from 2,400 to 3,000 meters and in grassland environments.", "title": "Distribution" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Ireland women's cricket team are scheduled to tour Zimbabwe in January and February 2024 to play the Zimbabwe women's cricket team. The tour will consist of three Women's One Day International (WODI) and five Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) matches. The T20I matches will be used as the preparation ahead of the 2024 ICC Women's T20 World Cup Qualifier.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Silurus lithophilus, the Rock catfish, is a species of catfish found in Asia, and is endemic to the Lake Biwa basin in Japan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This species reaches a length of 58.0 cm (22.8 in).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Eswatini also known as Swaziland, a landlocked nation located in Southern Africa, is characterized by a subtropical climate that features wet and hot summers as well as cold and dry winters. The country has expressed concern regarding the impact of climate change on its existing social challenges, which include but are not limited to issues such as poverty, a high prevalence of HIV, and food insecurity. Furthermore, it is anticipated that climate change will significantly impede the country's development progress, by Vision 2022.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The GHG mitigation assessment indicates that Eswatini emitted 4.5 million tonnes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (equivalent to CO2) in the year 2017. The primary contributors to these emissions were the energy sector, as well as agriculture, forestry, and land use, accounting for 39% and 56% of the total emissions, respectively. Industrial processes and waste were also significant contributors.", "title": "Greenhouse Gas Emissions" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The mean annual rainfall in South Africa varies from approximately 1,500 mm in the northern Highveld to 500 mm in the southern lowland. The rainiest periods occur from November to February, coinciding with the typically hottest time of the year. The mean monthly temperature ranges from 15°C to 23.4°C. During this period, the mean monthly precipitation ranges from 11.9 mm in June to 143.3 mm in January. As a result, the country experiences an average annual rainfall of over 800 mm, based on the latest climatology from 1991-2020.", "title": "Climatology" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Swaziland is situated in the summer rainfall region of the subcontinent, where approximately 80% of the precipitation occurs during the summer months, specifically from October to March. The climate also experiences significant temperature and precipitation variations from west to east due to an altitude decrease of around 4,000 feet over a distance of about 80 kilometers.", "title": "Climate Change Impacts" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Climate change is expected to adversely affect Swaziland's health sector. Increased temperatures may lead to a rise in vector-borne diseases, posing a significant threat.", "title": "Climate Change Impacts" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Severe droughts have rendered 25% of the population in Swaziland vulnerable, facing challenges of food and water insecurity. These consequences are linked to climate change impacts.", "title": "Climate Change Impacts" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Climate change is anticipated to cause overall warming and drying in Swaziland, leading to more frequent and intense droughts and floods. Adaptation initiatives focus on managing water resources in response to these changes.", "title": "Climate Change Impacts" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Climate change has been attributed to the decline in food production in Swaziland. Visible effects underscore the reality and urgency of addressing climate change impacts.", "title": "Climate Change Impacts" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The government of Eswatini has taken several steps to mitigate and adapt to climate change. These include the development of a National Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan, which outlines the country’s vision and objectives for climate change adaptation and mitigation. The country has also implemented a number of projects aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting renewable energy, including the installation of solar panels on public buildings and the promotion of energy-efficient lighting.", "title": "Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cretadhefdaa is an extinct genus of frog from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Kem Kem Group of Morocco. It contains only the species C. taouzensis from the middle Cenomanian Douira Formation, known from some vertebrae and cranial elements. The genus name is a combination of Cretaceous and dhefdaa, the Arabic word for \"frog\", while the species name references the city of Taouz, near which it was discovered.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cretadhefdaa is a member of the modern frog group Neobatrachia, making it the oldest known neobatrachian outside of South America, and the second neobatrachian known from the Mesozoic of Africa along with the much later Beelzebufo. Africa is thought to have been an important region for the evolution of the Neobatrachia, namely for the diverse superfamily Ranoidea, of which no Cretaceous fossils are known. Cretadhefdaa shares some morphological similarities with Ranoidea, although it cannot be confidently assigned to the group.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The phrase \"Republicans pounce\" refers to an alleged phenomenon of media bias in the United States against Republicans and conservatives in terms of how political news stories and headlines are framed. Proponents of the concept argue that journalists tend to downplay controversies and potentially negative stories about Democrats, liberals, and progressives by emphasizing the Republican response to the story, rather than the negative aspects of the story themselves. The literal phrase \"Republicans pounce\" may or may not be used in the news coverage, as well as similar formulations such as Republicans \"seizing on\" controversies or \"licking their chops.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Wall Street Journal editor James Freeman writes: \"The long-running joke among right-leaning media skeptics is that when leftist politicians support destructive policies or make outrageous claims, reporters ignore them—except when they can be used to cast conservatives as opportunistic and self-interested critics of the bad ideas.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Modern opinion polls have generally shown that many Americans believe the mass media has a left-wing bias. A September 2014 Gallup poll found that 44 percent of Americans (and 70 percent of conservatives) think the mass media is \"too liberal,\" while 19 percent believe it is \"too conservative.\" Another Gallup poll in 2017 found that 62 percent of Americans thought the media had a partisan bias; of these, 64 percent thought it favored Democrats, while 22 percent thought it favored Republicans.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A 2020 study found that a \"dominant majority\" (60 percent) of U.S. political journalists identified as Democrats or Democratic-leaning. However, the study also found no statistical significance in journalists' response rates to a fictitious local candidate's request for news coverage, regardless of how the candidate identified politically.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Commentators have explicitly cited various news articles as examples of the \"Republicans pounce\" phenomenon. These include the 2015 story \"Republicans seize on Planned Parenthood video\" in The Hill; the 2019 story \"Ocasio-Cortez Team Flubs a Green New Deal Summary, and Republicans Pounce\" in The New York Times; and the 2023 story \"Republicans pounce on Biden over appearance of Chinese spy balloon\" in Yahoo! News.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The 1933 New York Times article \"Revived Republicans Pounce on Democrats\" may be one of the first occurrences of this phrasing in print. However, the overwhelming majority of \"Republicans pounce\" headlines in the Times or The Washington Post have been printed in the 21st century.", "title": "Examples" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Commentary writer Noah Rothman argues that \"Republicans pounce\" is a \"narrative construction [that] distracts from Democratic scandals or failures of governance,\" adding: \"The story is never the story; for political reporters and editors alike, the Republican reaction to the story is the preferred prism through which to view events Democrats find... discomforting.\"", "title": "Analysis" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Washington Examiner editor Nicholas Clairmont has claimed that the use of the \"Republicans pounce\" trope is a form of \"othering\" by journalists, although not necessarily deliberate or inaccurate. He argues that this phrase furthers the impression that \"Republicans aren’t people or valid political actors, they aren’t one of two parties vying equally to govern and legislate, and they certainly aren’t presenting an opposing political argument you might wish to consider. They’re stalking through the bushes, hidden and hungry and violent.\"", "title": "Analysis" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "National Review political correspondent Jim Geraghty has criticized \"Republicans pounce\" headlines for contributing to political polarization, writing: \"If a politician says that allegations of mismanagement, bad judgment, scandals, corruption, or other bad news are baseless partisan nonsense, or 'fake news,' people who already like that politician will see a psychological permission slip to tune out that scandal or problem. And when members of the media echo that defense by shoehorning the story into the 'more of the usual partisan finger-pointing and bickering' template, most people tune it out... The consequences of a policy of dismantling the police matter more than who’s pouncing over the proposal.\"", "title": "Analysis" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Conservative writers Charles C. W. Cooke and John Hirschauer have linked \"Republicans pounce\" to the media's assertions that Republican politicians are engaging in \"culture wars.\" Cooke writes: \"Almost invariably, the press assumes that what the Democrats are doing is normal and that what Republicans are doing is not — even when it is the Democrats who are proposing big changes... This formulation always results in the GOP being cast as the aggressor.\"", "title": "Analysis" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The legitimacy of \"Republicans pounce\" as an indicator of media bias is disputed. In a 2019 search of the Factiva news archive, Wall Street Journal editor James Freeman found 311 occurrences of the phrasing \"Democrats pounce,\" compared with 245 occurrences of \"Republicans pounce.\" While this suggested that the framing has been applied more toward Democrats, Freeman acknowledged that the phenomenon was \"difficult to measure qualitatively.\"", "title": "Legitimacy" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Washington Post reporter Aaron Blake has claimed that the use of the \"pounce\" framing \"appears to be pretty bipartisan in its implementation.\" Searching U.S. newspapers and wire services between 2010 and 2019, Blake found 1,732 instances of Democrats or liberals \"pouncing,\" versus 1,427 instances of Republicans or conservatives doing the same. However, he cautioned that this approach had several limitations: it did not survey cable news; it did not include similar verbs such as \"seize on\"; and it did not assess the severity of the controversy being \"pounced\" upon. Mother Jones writer Kevin Drum argues that only limited conclusions can be drawn from simple keyword searches, writing: \"What we really need to know is whether Republicans suffer more than Democrats from a general framing that focuses on the opposition response instead of the initial miscue.\"", "title": "Legitimacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1994 All-Southwest Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Southwest Conference teams for the 1994 NCAA Division I-A football season. The selectors for the 1994 season included the Associated Press (AP).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "AP = Associated Press", "title": "Key" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a timeline of History of Sudan. Each article deals with events in Sudan in a given year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Silurus grahami is a species of catfish found in Asia and is endemic to Yunnan, China.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "This species reaches a length of 42.6 cm (16.8 in).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The fish is named in honor of missionary John Graham (d. 1947), who collected numerous fishes in Yunnan, China, including this type specimen.", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Etymology" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Hongjunying station (Chinese: 红军营站; pinyin: Hóngjūnyíng Zhàn) is an underground station of Line 17 of the Beijing Subway. It is planned to open on 30 December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The station is located under the interchange between Hongjunying South Road (红军营南路) and Beiyuan East Road (北苑东路) on the border between Hongjunying Village, where the station name comes from, and Xinsheng Village, in Laiguangying, Chaoyang, Beijing.", "title": "Location" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The station was formerly named as Yongshiying (Chinese: 勇士营) station. In 2023, the station was renamed as Hongjunying.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "NNK may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg. Since the show's debut in 1999 on Nickelodeon, numerous fan theories, or assumptions about the show and its characters, have been made, with some being regarded as \"weird\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Krabby Patty is a veggie burger sold by the Krusty Krab, a fictional restaurant in SpongeBob SquarePants. Numerous theories have spawned of what the Krabby Patty secret formula is made out of, ranging from completely nothing to cocaine. A notable theory about the Krabby Patty secret formula explains that Krabby Patties are made out of crab meat. Support for this theory comes from the season 3 episode Mid-Life Crustacean, in which Mr. Krabs states, \"So that's what I taste like.\". In 2017, the series's creator Stephen Hillenburg confirmed that the Krabby Patty contained no animal products, thus debunking the crab meat theory. Another theory explains that the Krabby Patty secret formula is made out of \"Poseidon Powder\", which according to Urban Dictionary, is slang for cocaine.", "title": "Fan theories" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Some notable theories about the main characters of SpongeBob SquarePants include:", "title": "Fan theories" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Other theories about the characters include SpongeBob SquarePants having a god complex and Patrick Star having antisocial personality disorder.", "title": "Fan theories" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Bikini Bottom is a fictional city in SpongeBob SquarePants that is set below Bikini Atoll. A theory regarding Bikini Bottom explains that nuclear radiation from Operation Crossroads mutated the marine life of Bikini Bottom.", "title": "Fan theories" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lobivia pugionacantha, is a species of Lobivia found in Argentina and Bolivia.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lobivia pugionacantha typically grows individually, though it can also form clusters. The shoots are spherical to egg-shaped, with a cloudy gray-green color, reaching heights of 8 to 15 centimeters and diameters of up to 4.5 centimeters. These shoots develop a long taproot and have about 17 ribs. Each shoot bears four to seven light yellow spines, which can be quite variable in shape, sometimes resembling daggers. These spiness point sideways and can reach lengths of up to 2.5 centimeters or more.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The flowers of Lobivia pugionacantha are funnel-shaped and emit a fragrant scent during the day. They come in shades ranging from yellow to pink or orange-red, measuring up to 4.5 centimeters in both length and diameter. The spherical fruits are semi-dry and split open upon maturity.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Accepted subspecies:", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "This species is found in the Bolivian regions of Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, Potosí, Tarija, and possibly La Paz, as well as in the Argentine province of Jujuy at altitudes ranging from 3500 to 4000 meters.", "title": "Distribution" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "First described as Echinopsis pugionacantha in 1931 by Joseph Nelson Rose and Friedrich Bödeker, the specific name \"pugionacantha\" is a combination of the Latin word \"pugio,\" meaning 'dagger,' and the Greek word \"akantha,\" meaning 'thorn.' Curt Backeberg later reclassified the species under the genus Lobivia in 1936.", "title": "Taxonomy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Type H or H-type may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Yitzhak (Itzik) Cohen (born in 1977) is an IDF officer with the rank of Brigadier general, currently serving as the commander of the Steel Formation. Previously, he served as the commander of the 80th Division, the Sinai Division, the Givati Brigade, the Judah Formation, the Arava Formation, the Givati Brigade’s training base, and the Tzabar Battalion.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Cohen was born and raised in Jerusalem. He enlisted in the IDF in 1995 and was placed in the Rotem Battalion of the Givati Brigade. He underwent infantry combat training, completed an infantry commanders’ course, and an officers' course. After finishing the course, he returned to the Rotem Battalion as a company commander. He then served as a battalion commander in the Givati Brigade between 2002–2003, leading the unit in combat against Palestinian political violence during the Second Intifada in the Gaza Strip. Later, he became the deputy commander of the Givati reconnaissance unit between 2006–2007. Afterward, he went to pursue higher education and returned to the Givati Brigade as the operations officer, serving in this role between 2008–2009, including during Operation Cast Lead.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2009, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel and appointed as the commander of the Tzabar Battalion, serving until 2011. He then served as the head of the Urban Warfare branch in the military training department between 2011–2012. Subsequently, he was appointed as the commander of the Givati Brigade’s training base between 2012–2014. During Operation Protective Edge, he joined the fight as a staff officer in the Givati Brigade’s command. On October 23, 2014, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel and appointed as the commander of the Arava Formation, serving until June 2016. On July 5, 2016, he was appointed as the commander of the Judah Formation, a position he held until August 6, 2018. Afterwards, he was a participant in the National Security College in the 46th cycle (2018–2019). On July 14, 2019, he was appointed as the commander of the Givati Brigade, serving until July 7, 2021, when he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier general.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On August 4, 2021, he was appointed as the commander of the 80th Division. On May 18, 2022, he was also appointed as the acting commander of the Sinai Division, serving in this role until August 2022. During his tenure as the commander of the 80th Division, he was reprimanded following a shooting incident on the Israel-Egypt border in which three soldiers were killed, due to his overall responsibility and lack of oversight in implementing procedures. He served in this position until August 6, 2023.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On September 20, 2023, he was appointed as the commander of the 'Steel Formation', and he is currently commanding it in the Iron Swords War.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Cohen resides in Negba, is married to Chava, and is a father of four. He is a graduate of the Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya in Government and Strategy and holds a degree in Political Science from the University of Haifa.", "title": "Personal Life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Urban Myth Theatre Company, formerly named Unley Youth Theatre and then Urban Myth Theatre of Youth, was a youth theatre company in Adelaide, South Australia. It was often referred to as simply Urban Myth.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Unley Youth Theatre was founded by theatre director Brigid Kitchin in the Adelaide suburb of Unley in 1981. With support from Unley Council, the theatre operated from the \"Cottage\" on Edmund Avenue, for 31 years. Sometime before 2009, it changed its name to Urban Myth Theatre of Youth.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The company catered for children and young people between the ages of 5 and 26, and was Adelaide's only not-for-profit youth theatre company. It provided education in all aspects of theatre, including acting, directing, theatre design, and technical theatre, as well as marketing skills. In 2010, actor Hugh Sheridan, who had himself started his acting career at age 5 at Unley Youth Theatre, became patron of the company.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In November 2009, seven actors from Urban Myth Theatre of Youth, along with artistic director Glenn Hayden and general manager Jo Coventry, travelled to Mumbai, India, to present a production as part of the Thespo Youth Theatre Festival over three weeks, including at the Prithvi Theatre. They also engaged in workshops with Theatre Bombay.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "By 2012, more than 10,000 young people in Adelaide, rural South Australia, and internationally, had been mentored by Urban Myth, through both workshops and stage productions. Several students credited their time at the company as helpful in combating their social anxiety and depression. Urban Myth worked with school teachers and community groups to support curriculum needs.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "For many years, the state government helped to fund Urban Myth through Arts SA, using Carclew Youth Arts' funding programme, and the company received between $50,000 and $300,000 in grant funding annually in total. However, the federal government funding body, the Australia Council for the Arts, cut its triennial funding by $80,000 (63%) in 2011, which restricted the company's ability to create a strategic plan, and there was a lot more competition for grants by other not-for-profits by this time.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2012 Urban Myth moved to the Goodwood Institute, as the company needed more space. At this time, it changed its name from Urban Myth Theatre of Youth to Urban Myth Theatre Company. Carclew funding paid all transfer costs and signed an additional three-year financial agreement to help Urban Myth get reestablished at its new venue, which seated 212 people. This was seen as partial compensation for the loss of funding from the Australia Council.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Artistic director Glenn Hayden left the company in August 2014, with his last production being Romeo and Juliet.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "However, by 2014, the company found itself $70,000 in debt and unable to pay its staff (three full-time, one part-time), and rent for the privately-owned Goodwood Institute was $55,000 per year. The building's heritage listing placed restrictions on advertising that could have brought income to the theatre company. At that time, the SA Government was providing around $97,000. Supporters rallied, gathering signatures on a petition, writing to ministers, and organising a flash mob at Parliament House.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Having decided to voluntarily wind up the company at a board meeting on 15 September 2014, former Urban Myth general manager Rebecca Pannell (who had only been appointed in March of that year), along with visual artist and curator Kat Coppock, set up a crowd-funding campaign to support the staging of a play that over 50 young people had been working on for the previous two years, called Warren, written by Sean Riley.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "A Special General Meeting was held on 25 November 2014, after the September meeting voted to explore possibilities other than liquidation. At this meeting, members decided to dissolve the organisation and apply for deregistration.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Unley Youth Theatre/Urban Myth produced over 160 plays during the course of its history.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In 2014, a collective comprising former tutors, directors, writers, and others managed to found a new organisation, SAYarts (South Australian Youth Arts), focused on youth theatre. Led by former Urban Myth general manager Bec Pannell, the co-founders included playwright Sean Riley, actor Claire Glenn, dance teacher Nicole Allen, and various guest tutors. Their first production was Warren in 2014, which had been rescued by the Urban Myth crowdfunding campaign. SAYarts offers regular classes, as well as an opportunity for students aged 13-18 to create and present work with a professional playwright in the Adelaide Fringe each year. SAYarts has staged performances in DreamBIG, AGSA Neo, WOMADelaide, as well as presenting several original shows each year.", "title": "SAYarts" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Many alumni of Unley Youth Theatre and Urban Myth went on to study theatre-related courses at NIDA, WAAPA, ACArts, and Flinders University.", "title": "Alumni" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Alumni of the company include:", "title": "Alumni" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "East Niles is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California. The CDP is within the Bakersfield's census county division, and borders the city of Bakersfield to the north and the southwest, Bakersfield Country Club to the northwest, Hillcrest and Potomac Park to the west, and Fairfax to the south. As listed in the Geographic Names Information System, its elevation is 576 feet.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Its population was 28,390 at the 2020 census, the first census it was included in.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Karmma Calling (transl. Fate Calling) is an upcoming Indian Hindi-language drama thriller television series directed by Ruchi Narain. Produced by Ashutosh Shah under the banner of R.A.T Films, it stars Raveena Tandon, Namrata Sheth and Varun Sood. It is the remake of ABC series Revenge, and is scheduled to premiere on Disney+ Hotstar on January 26, 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It is based on Mike Kelley's Revenge. The series was announced on Disney+ Hotstar. Raveena Tandon, Namrata Sheth and Varun Sood were signed as the lead. The teaser of the series was released on December 14, 2023.", "title": "Production" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Mithijhora is a 2023 Indian Bengali Drama television series that released on 27 November 2023 on Zee Bangla. The series is produced under the banner of Organic Studios. It stars Aratrika Maity, Saptarshi Roy and Debadrita Basu in lead roles.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cottonwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California. The CDP is within the Bakersfield's census county division, and borders the city of Bakersfield on every side except the west, where it abuts Casa Loma. As listed in the Geographic Names Information System, its elevation is 387 feet.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Its population was 3,971 at the 2020 census, the first census it was included in.", "title": "" } ]

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