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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lewis Geter (born December 11, 1969) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Nebraska Cornhuskers and Ohio Bobcats. Geter was the MAC Player of the Year while playing for the Bobcats in 1992. He played professionally for seven seasons with stints in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA), Puerto Rico, Spain, Venezuela, Argentina, the Dominican Republic, Israel, Portugal, France and Chile.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Geter was raised in the projects of Columbus, Ohio, by his mother, Betty, alongside two siblings. He began playing basketball as a child.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Geter attended Linden-McKinley High School in Columbus, where he led the basketball team to two state finals. He also played as a quarterback on the football team and an outfielder on the baseball team.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Geter received a full scholarship to attend the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. He was ineligible to play during his freshman season with the Cornhuskers in 1988–89. Geter decided to transfer during his sophomore year to be closer to home.", "title": "College career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Geter joined the Ohio Bobcats before the start of the 1990–91 season. He led the Bobcats in scoring (18.1) and rebounding (6.8) during his junior season and was selected to the All-Mid-American Conference (MAC) first-team as the runner-up in MAC Player of the Year voting. Geter led the MAC in scoring during his senior season with 20.9 points per game and was second in rebounding with 8.4 rebounds per game. He led the Bobcats to an 18–10 record and was selected as the MAC Player of the Year.", "title": "College career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Geter was inducted into the Ohio Athletics Hall of Fame in 2005.", "title": "College career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Geter was automatically eligible for the 1992 NBA draft but was not selected. He was invited to two tryouts with the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Geter played during the 1992 preseason with the Knicks and was called \"the most impressive\" amongst the team's options for a final roster spot. Despite playing well in limited preseason action, he was released on November 4, 1992, as the Knicks decided to keep Bo Kimble. Geter claims he was told by Knicks assistant coach, Jeff Van Gundy, that the position would have gone to him but the team did not want to pay out Kimble's guaranteed contract.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On November 26, 1992, Geter signed with the Columbus Horizon of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA). He averaged 5.7 points and 2.1 rebounds in 9 games played.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On October 1, 1993, Geter signed with the Knicks. He pulled his groin and was unable to play during most of the preseason camp. He was released on October 18, 1993.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On December 14, 1993, Geter signed with the Wichita Falls Texans of the CBA. He appeared in one game with the team during the 1993–94 season.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Geter played for Atléticos de San Germán of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional in Puerto Rico during the 1997 and 1999 seasons. He played for Seixal in Spain during the 1998–99 season. Geter played professionally for seven seasons with other stints in Venezuela, Argentina, the Dominican Republic, Israel, Portugal, France and Chile.", "title": "Professional career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Geter taught as a substitute teacher in Springfield, Virginia. He then worked at John J. Wright Middle School in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, and was the head basketball coach for a year. Geter worked as an assistant at the Culpeper Juvenile Detention Center and a resident supervisor at the Rappahannock Juvenile Detention Center. In 2001, he became the youth sports director at the Rappahannock Area YMCA. Geter is a physical education teacher at Tree of Life Christian Prep School in Fredericksburg, Virginia.", "title": "Post-playing career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Geter has two sons with his wife.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Geter is an ordained deacon at the Community Praise Center in Alexandria, Virginia.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a timeline of History of Malawi. Each article deals with events in Malawi in a given year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kalasa - The Symbol of Abundance is a 2023 Indian Telugu -language film written and directed by Konda Rambabu. The film stars Anurag and Sonakshi Varma in the lead roles. The film was produced by Dr. Rajeswari Chandraja Vadapalli under the banner of Chandraja Art Creations.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The film was produced by Dr. Rajeswari Chandraja Vadapalli under the banner of Chandraja Art Creations. The cinematography was done by Venkat Gangadhari, while editing was handled by Junaid Siddiqui.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Times Now critic stated that \"In conclusion, Kalasa: The Symbol Of Abundance is a cinematic gem that captivates the audience with its emotional depth, stellar performances, and a narrative that transcends the boundaries of conventional storytelling\" and rated three star out of five .Sakshi Post wrote \" This one is indeed a mind-bending thriller. The performances and the atmospheric set-up are commendable.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sharashova (Belarusian: Шарашова, Шарашэва, romanized: Šarašova, Šaraševa; Russian: Шерешево, romanized: Shereshevo) is an urban-type settlement in Pruzhany District, Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Sharashova selsoviet. As of 2023, it has a population of 1,514.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Andrè Schuen (born 1984 in La Val, South Tyrol) is an Italian baritone in opera, concert and lied. After education at the Mozarteum University Salzburg, he has been an ensemble member of the Graz Opera.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Andrè Schuen comes from a musical family of Ladin origins. His sisters Elisabeth and Marlene Schuen are members of the pop trio Ganes, which is closely linked to their local culture. He studied solo singing with Horiana Brănișteanu [de] and lied and oratorio with Wolfgang Holzmair at the Mozarteum University Salzburg. He also attended a number of master classes, including with Sir Thomas Allen, Brigitte Fassbaender, Marjana Lipovsek and Olaf Bär. In 2009, Schuen was a prize winner at the Internationale Sommerakademie Mozarteum Salzburg and won first prize in the Walter and Charlotte Hamel Foundation singing competition. In 2010 he graduated with distinction and was awarded the Hanna Ludwig Prize and the Lilli Lehmann Medal.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Schuen appeared for the first time at the Salzburg Festival in 2006, he performed the role of the footman in Ariadne auf Naxos at the Haus für Mozart in January 2008 and finally appeared in the title role of Le nozze di Figaro at the Mozarteum. In 2009 he appeared at the Salzburg Festival in Al gran sole carico d'amore by Luigi Nono, and in 2010 he was accepted into the festival's Young Singers Project. At the Salzburg Easter Festival he took on smaller roles in Salome (2011) and Carmen (2012), both conducted by Sir Simon Rattle, at the Summer Festival 2011 he appeared in Macbeth, staged by Peter Stein and conducted by Riccardo Muti, performed and sang in concert in Stravinsky's Rossignol under Ivor Bolton.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From September 2010 to June 2014, Schuen was an ensemble member of the Graz Opera, where he was successful in the opera roles of Jeletzky, Masetto, Belcore, Ford, Heerrufer, and as Papageno.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the 2011/12 season he appeared as Don Alvaro in Rossini's Il viaggio a Reims at the Flemish Opera in Antwerp and Ghent. Schuen sang the title role in Don Giovanni at the Opéra National de Montpellier in June 2013 and Guglielmo in Così fan tutte in December of the same year. In 2015 he made his debut as Ping in Puccini's Turandot at the Bregenz Festival.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "From the 2015/16 to 2017/18 season, Schuen was an artist in the \"Junge Wilde\" series at the Konzerthaus Dortmund.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 2023, Schuen appeared as Wolfram in Wagner's Tannhäuser at Berlin State Opera and as Count Almaviva in Mozart’s Le nozze di Figaro at Salzburg Festival.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Schuen is a sought-after oratorio singer. In addition to numerous masses and cantatas, he has sung the bass parts in Bach's Christmas Oratorio, St. John Passion and Mass in B minor, Haydn's Creation, Handel's Messiah, Mozart's Requiem, in Brahms' German Requiem, and the Christ in Bach's St. Matthew Passion and the baritone solos in Fauré's Requiem with the Berlin Philharmonic under Sir Simon Rattle in Madrid and Barcelona.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In the season 2022/2023, he performed in Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 under Andris Nelsons at Gewandhaus, Leipzig and in Mahler's Symphony No. 8 under Riccardo Chailly at La Scala, Milan.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In the lied area he works with the pianist Daniel Heide. His repertoire includes Schubert's Winterreise and Mahler's Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen. In 2009 he premiered Herbert Grassl [de]'s song cycle ... Bald ist mir nimmer kalt for voice and drums. In 2014 he made his debut with recitals at London's Wigmore Hall.", "title": "Life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Schuen has been the exclusive recording artist for Deutsche Grammophon since 2021.", "title": "Recordings" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Aruzhan Kalsayeva (born 21 July 2007) is a Kazakh rhythmic gymnast, member of the national group.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Aruzhan became a starter in the group in 2023, winning silver with 5 hoops and bronze with 3 ribbons & 2 balls at the World Cup in Tashkent. Later she finished 12th in the All-Around, and 7th with 3 ribbons & 2 balls in Portimão. Competing at the Asian Championships in Manila she was 4th in the All-Around and won silver in teams along Aruzhan Kassenova, Aidana Shayakhmetova, Ayaulym Kadir, Assel Shukirbay and individuals Elzhana Taniyeva, Aibota Yertaikyzy, Milana Parfilova, as well as bronze in both event finals. In July the group was 11th at the World Cup in Cluj-Napoca. Selected for the World Championships in Valencia she was 20th in the All-Around, 16th with 5 hoops and 23rd with 3 ribbons & 2 balls.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "José Ceballos was a Spanish Brigadier during the Venezuelan War of Independence and Governor of Coro Province in Venezuela in 1810 at the outbreak of the revolution.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was a protégé of the Captain General of Venezuela Vicente Emparan, and remained faithful to Spain at the outbreak of the Spanish-American independence revolution in 1810.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He defeated a Patriot army under command of the Marquis del Toro on 28 November 1810. In March 1812, he sent a column under the command of frigate captain Domingo de Monteverde, who led a dazzling military campaign that concluded with the fall of the First Republic of Venezuela in 1812.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "José Ceballos insisted on the need to attract the mestizos and slaves to the Royalist cause. In October 1813, he marched at the head of a division of 1,300 men, from Coro heading towards Barquisimeto. On the 19th of the same month he defeated a Republican detachment commanded by Colonel Manuel Aldao in Bobare, near Barquisimeto. Aware of this offensive, General Simón Bolívar advanced towards Barquisimeto and there, on 10 November, he was defeated by Ceballos. Bolívar retired to Valencia, where he reorganized his forces against Ceballos, who had advanced to Araure prior to the incorporation of the column commanded by José Yáñez. On 5 December, Ceballos presented battle to Bolívar and was defeated by the Republicans in the Battle of Araure.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He returned to Coro and at the beginning of 1814 he marched again with about 1,000 combatants against the Patriots. He gained two victories at Barquisimeto and Arao near San Carlos, but was decisively beaten at the Battle of Carabobo (1814).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1815, General Pablo Morillo appointed Ceballos as temporary governor of Caracas until he was relieved due to disagreements. He was replaced on 4 June 1816 by the expeditionary leader Salvador de Moxó y Quadrado who added the governorship of Caracas to his position as Captain General of Venezuela. Nothing more is known of Ceballos after this date.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Special Assistant to the President for Investment and Economic Affairs (SAPIEA) is the official aide of the President of the Philippines with regards to investment affairs. The holder of the position leads the Office of the Special Assistant to the President for Investment and Economic Affairs (OSAPIEA). The SAPIEA provides general supervision to the Economic Development Group, a multi-agency taskforce involving economic concerns that was previously helmed by Secretary of Finance.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Simultaneously, the SAPIEA is responsible for executing crucial economic initiatives of the Philippine government and ensuring that investment commitments obtained from foreign entities come to fruition. This involves supervising various departments, including the Department of Finance, the National Economic and Development Authority, the Department of Budget and Management and the Department of Trade and Industry.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2023, President Bongbong Marcos designated Frederick Go, the CEO and President of Robinsons Land Corporation, as the Special Assistant to the President for Investment and Economic Affairs (SAPIEA). This appointment was made through the issuance of Executive Order No. 49, wherein SAPIEA was tasked with overseeing the Office of the Special Assistant to the President for Investment and Economic Affairs (OSAPIEA). The mandate included direct supervision of various executive departments related to the economy, as well as other affiliated agencies involved in foreign investments, such as the Board of Investments, Philippine Economic Zone Authority, and the Securities and Exchange Commission. The SAPIEA also sit as a member of the NEDA Board.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The objective of these actions was to position the Philippines as an investment hub and materialize foreign investment pledges secured during the numerous international presidential trips made by President Marcos since assuming the presidency in 2022.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "O Priya Tumi Kothay (Bengali: ও প্রিয়া তুমি কোথায়; transl. Oh Dear, Where Are You) is a 2002 Bangladeshi romantic action film. The film is directed by Shahadat Hossain Liton and written and produced by Shahidul Islam Shahid under the banner of Abhinondon Cholochitro. It features Shakib Khan, Riaz, Shabnur in the lead roles. Also Misha Sawdagor, Wasimul Bari Rajib, Rehana Jolly and Afzal Sharif played supporting roles.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Anita Jatav an Indian politician currently Serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Hindaun Assembly constituency. She is Member of Indian National Congress.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The demography of the Teesside and Tees Valley area in England, is analysed by the Office for National Statistics and data produced for each of the Boroughs that make up the metropolitan area. The area of Teesside is made up of the Unitary Areas (Boroughs) of Middlesbrough, Stockton-On-Tees and Redcar and Cleveland all of which were once part of County Cleveland, but are now split between County Durham and North Yorkshire. The Teesside Built-up Area (BUA) or Tees Valley Combined Authority, is identified by the ONS for statistical purposes and also includes Darlington and Hartlepool.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The distinction between Teesside and Tees Valley is long and complicated, with different government departments having different distinctions and land divisions, and several local and regional governments overlapping in land administration and responsibilities. This fragmentation has led to speculation and confusion as to the specific areas that should be included in analytical assessments for Teesside. The former Cleveland County and new Tees Valley Combined Authority are the most agreed upon division, due to the cultural and historical groupings of the areas.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "This is using reliable and government given statistics, both as combined data and broken down to Unitary Area divisions.", "title": "Population" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The following information cannot be easily compared to the modern data, due to the fact that the administrative areas of the modern districts do not fully map to that of historical land divisions, meaning the population estimates for before 1981 must be taken with this context.", "title": "Population" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The University of Portsmouth mapped out historic data from 1801 to 1911, using modern Unitary Area land divisions to try and create estimates for what the population for each borough was like. The created estimates cannot be described as accurate, but use the non profit organisation UK Data Service's collection of sources, specifically the GBHDB.", "title": "Population" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The 1911 Preliminary Census Report, was a short summary of the changes in populations of the UK. In the section for towns, the settlements of Middlesbrough, Stockton, and Darlington are mentioned with details about their overall population change.", "title": "Population" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The religious statistics for 2021 for the Tees Valley Combined Authority, were released in the December 2022 statistics. For the area, the largest recorded group were Christian (50.7%), followed by None Religious (39.0%), the third largest was No Answer (5.2%), those identifying as Muslim came fourth (3.8%). The rest of the categories were all less than 1%, and so approximations of their total size may be inaccurate due to accuracy loss. Those identifying as Hindu were the fifth largest (0.5%), followed by equal percentages for Buddhist, Sikh and 'Other Religion'. Those identifying as Jewish recorded less than 0.1%, so the recorded number is unknown.", "title": "Religion, Language and Identity" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michael Kershaw (born August 25, 1976) is a Canadian college football coach. He is the head football coach for Mississippi College; a position he will hold in 2024. He also coached for Delta State and Rice. He played college football for Delta State as a quarterback.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Compagnie de l'Ouest algérien (OA) was a railway company created in 1881 to build and operate a network in the Department of Oran.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 1913, the total length of the network was 449 km.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The lines are of standard gauge, except for the Blida to Djelfa line, which is of narrow gauge, built at a gauge of 1055 mm.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Compagnie de l'Ouest algérien was integrated into the Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée by decree of 31 December 1920.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Conceded lines:", "title": "Lines" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Leased lines:", "title": "Lines" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Narrow gauge locomotives (1055mm)", "title": "Rolling Stock" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Standard gauge locomotives (1435mm)", "title": "Rolling Stock" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lorena Gallardo Cárdenas (born 10 February 1979) is a Chilean politician who served as member of the Constitutional Council.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Baptism of Fire (Hungarian: Tüzkeresztség) is a 1952 Hungarian drama film directed by Frigyes Bán and starring József Bihari, Gyula Gózon and Zoltán Makláry. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Imre Sörés.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Alan Hostetter is an American convicted criminal, anti-lockdown activist and founder of the American Phoenix Project who took part in the United States Capitol attack on January 6, 2021.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was sentenced on December 7, 2023 to 11 years and three months in prison, as well as $2,000 in restitution and a fine of $30,000, for four felonies related to the attack.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In the 1980s, Hostetter served in the United States Army after graduating from high school, during which time he was deployed to West Germany. He then worked for the Orange County Sheriff's Department in the 1990s and 2000s, becoming police chief of La Habra, California in 2009. He later gave up the position due to spinal problems less than a year later, moved to San Clemente and began a new career as a yoga instructor and sound healer.", "title": "Career and politics" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Following the early 2020 outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Hostetter quickly became involved in protests against Californian lockdown measures. During a protest in late May, he refused to let go of a chain link fence that had been erected to discourage people from parking and congregating near San Clemente Pier, despite police declaring an unlawful assembly. He was eventually arrested after law enforcement cut holes in the fence around his hands, and charged with resisting and obstructing an officer, refusal to disperse, and trespassing. The incident cemented Hostetter as a leader of the movement and was referred to by locals as \"Fence-gate\".", "title": "Anti-lockdown protests" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He went on to lead several protests, and founded the American Phoenix Project, a nonprofit organisation to support these protests, which spent $50,000 on a lawsuit filed by two organizations run by Harmeet Dhillon against the Californian lockdown policies. The lawsuit was later dismissed. Hostetter also attended a protest outside the house of Costa Mesa mayor Katrina Foley and spoke at a QAnon conference. He also became increasingly oppositional to California governor Gavin Newsom, and at a July 2020 rally said that the Founding Fathers would violently overthrow him if they were alive.", "title": "Anti-lockdown protests" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "When Joe Biden won the 2020 United States presidential election in November, Hostetter began to campaign against what he saw as a stolen election. He worked with American Phoenix Project director Russ Taylor, communicating with California-based members of the Three Percenters with plans to bring hatchets, guns and body armor to Washington, D.C. for the January 6 Trump rally. In a speech on December 19, 2020, Hostetter made a speech about members of Congress in Washington, D.C., telling the crowd to \"choke that city off, fill it with patriots... We either fix this mess and keep America America, or we become traitors, and those five million people outside the walls are gonna drag us out by our hair and tie us to a fucking lamppost. That’s their option.\" Hostetter and Taylor used a Telegram group chat named \"California Patriots - Answer the Call Jan. 6\" to tell his group to drive to D.C. instead of fly so they could take weapons with them.", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On January 5, Hostetter spoke at the Rally to Save America in front of the Supreme Court Building. Alice Butler-Short stated at the event that without Hostetter's sponsorship, they would not have their speaker setup. Hostetter claimed in his speech that \"we are at war in this country, we are at war tomorrow.\"", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On January 6, Hostetter met up with members of the \"DC Brigade\" and then attended the \"Stop the Steal\" rally, but did not go near as he had items the guards would not allow in. He was carrying a hatchet in his backpack, as well as tactical gear, a helmet, knives, stun batons, pepper spray and other gear. He made his way to the Capitol after Donald Trump's speech, and moved with the mob onto the Capitol's West Terrace, where he took a photo with Taylor. He did not enter the building nor assault police officers during the riot, but used a megaphone to encourage the crowd to push through the police line and breach areas of the Capitol.", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Hostetter was arrested in California on June 10, 2021 by the Federal Bureau of Investigation five months after the riot. He was indicted alongside five other men; Russell Taylor, Eric Scott Warner, Felipe Antonio Martinez, Derek Kinnison, and Ronald Mele. He was convicted of four felonies including conspiracy to obstruct an official proceeding and entering a restricted area with a deadly or dangerous weapon in an indictment that linked four of his co-defendants with the Three Percenters.", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Prosecutors requested a sentence of 151 months for Hostetter, claiming that he was a \"terrorist\" and that his law enforcement experience meant he should have known better. Taylor, who had pleaded guilty in April 2023 to a conspiracy charge, testified for the government at Hostetter's trial. Hostetter's lawyer was by Bilal Essayli but he represented himself during his closing arguments, during which he made conspiratorial claims that he had been manipulated into participating in the \"false flag\" riot by government informants and that Taylor had been part of the plot, as well as asserting that the killing of Ashli Babbitt was \"staged\" when Babbitt's mother was in the courtroom. He praised Republican candidate Vivek Ramaswamy for stating that the riot looked like \"an inside job,\" and downplayed the violence at the Capitol as \"basically the equivalent of a three-hour hissy fit.\"", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "He was sentenced on December 7, 2023 to 11 years and three months in prison, plus $2,000 in restitution and a fine of $30,000 by judge Royce C. Lamberth. His sentence was just shorter than the 12 years recommended by the Department of Justice. He is expected to be in prison by January 5, 2024.", "title": "January 6 United States Capitol attack" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "HD 170773 (HR 6948; 14 G. Coronae Australis) is a solitary star located in the southern constellation Corona Australis. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.22, placing it near the limit for naked eye visibility, even under ideal conditions. The object is located relatively close at a distance of 120 light-years based on Gaia DR3 parallax measurements and it is drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −25.2 km/s. At its current distance, HD 170773's brightness is diminished by an interstellar extinction of 0.19 magnitudes and it has an absolute magnitude of +3.38.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "HD 170773 has a stellar classification of F5 V, indicating that it is an ordinary F-type main-sequence star that is generating energy via hydrogen fusion at its core. It has also been given a classification of F5 IV, indicating that it is a slightly evolved subgiant that is ceasing hydrogen fusion at its core. It has 1.30 times the mass of the Sun and 1.43 times the radius of the Sun. It radiates 3.62 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,694 K, giving it the typical yellowish-white hue of a F-type star. HD 170773 has a near solar metallicity of [Fe/H] = −0.02 and it is estimated to be 1.5 billion years old. It spins fairly quickly with a projected rotational velocity of 67.2 km/s.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The star has a debris disk located 78 AU away and it has a temperature of 43 K. It was first observed in 1986 by astronomers K. Sakadane and M. Nishida in their survey of Vega-like stars due to the star displaying an infrared excess that could suggest the presence of a circumstellar disk. However, the actual disk was not discovered until 2004 using the Spitzer Space Telescope. There might be a second cooler disk surrounding the star, but subsequent observations have not confirmed this.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Marissa West is vice president for North America at General Motors since December 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Between April 2022 and December 2023, West was president and managing director of General Motors Canada.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2019, West was Executive Chief Engineer for GM global mid-size and medium-duty truck where she led the design, engineering, and development of GM trucks. Prior to that West was Director of Global Noise & Vibration and Vehicle Dynamics Center.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "West obtained undergraduate and master's degrees in mechanical engineering from Michigan State and University of Michigan, and joined General Motors as an intern and then full time after graduating in 2003.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "West lives in Toronto with her husband Bob and their four children.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle for Belgrade was a battle taking place during the German invasion of Yugoslavia. The battle mainly took place in the air, as there was no major military presence in Belgrade at the time of the invasion. After bombing raids from the German Luftwaffe, German tank divisions reached Belgrade on 12 April 1941, and subsequently captured the city. there were some small attempts to deter the German troops, but all proved unsuccessful. The capture of Belgrade was a major factor in the surrender of Yugoslavia on 17 April 1941. After the end of this battle, Belgrade was occupied by Nazi Germany until 24 November 1944, a period of over 3+1⁄2 years.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Myanmar National League will be the 15th season of first-division domestic football in Myanmar. It will consist of twelve teams, as two teams from the 2023 MNL-2 were promoted.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Shan United are the defending champions after winning their fourth consecutive title in the 2023 season.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "title": "Clubs" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "", "title": "Clubs" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "Clubs" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Madness of Two is a 1982 Australian television movie directed by Hugh Keays-Byrne better known as an actor.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Molly Domino lives with her husband Michael and two childen, Eve and Peter, in a lighthouse on a remote island. Molly and Michael are very religious. A handsome helicopter pilot expresses interest in Eve. This leads Michael to shoot the pilot and Eve. Molly then shoots her son.", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The film was based on a script by Jackie McKimmie originally called Duet which she wrote as a feature but then sold to producers who made it as a telemovie. She later said \"I was on the set every day. The producers were very happy to have me involved in all aspects of the production so right from pre-production through to post-production I was there nearly every day. I picked up a lot just from being there - a lot of things went wrong so that meant a better chance to learn than if everything went really smoothly.\"", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The film was shot on location on Bribie Island.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The film screened a number of times on Australian television. According to one reviewer \"this is the most explicit of Australian films on the potential for madness and for righteous violence amongst strict, patriachal families, all in the name of a very literal reading and Bible reading.\"", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Nesto (styled as nesto) is a fintech company and Canadian digital mortgage lender based in Montreal, Quebec, with a Canada-wide presence.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "nesto emerged when tech entrepreneur Malik Yacoubi and his partner Karim Benabdallah aimed to start a fintech venture. Following prior successes including Mobilito, sold to Cossette in 2010, they collaborated with Diagram's Daniel Robichaud, who suggested enhancing transparency in Canada's mortgage market, a concept they embraced. In 2018, joined by mortgage expert Chase Belair and partner Damien Charbonneau, they established the company. A product was launched in 2019.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In June 2020, nesto raised CA$11.5 million in Series A funding. In June 2021, the company raised CA$76 million in a Series B round. In December 2022, nesto secured CAD $80 million (USD $58 million) in Series C funding. By the end of 2022, the company had raised over CA$165 million. Investors include the Québec government (through Investissement Québec) BMO Capital Partners, the National Bank of Canada’s corporate venture capital arm, NAventures and Portage Ventures, and Power Corp.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "By June 2021, nesto had partnered with 11 mortgage providers, including Toronto-Dominion Bank. In January 2021, it announced a partnership with real estate agency Proprio Direct. In May 2021, Equitable Bank launched a digital mortgage service in partnership with nesto. In December 2022, IGM Financial Inc. purchased a minority stake in nesto and partnered with the company for the launch of its Mortgage Cloud service, stating that nesto would provide white label mortgage services to IG clients. Over 20 lenders currently work with the company, including TD, Scotiabank, Desjardins, and MCAP Financial.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In March 2023, it was announced that nesto received the Mortgage Lender of the Year Award from the Canadian Lenders Association (CLA).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In December 2023, Canada Life announced that the company had entered into a partnership with Nesto to transfer the service and administration of its residential mortgages starting in January. The move followed Canada Life's decision to exit the residential mortgage market in 2022, with Nesto taking over the management of existing and maturing mortgages.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "As of June 2021, 50% of Nesto's mortgage volume was in Quebec, 40% in Ontario, and 10% elsewhere in the country. According to La Presse, Nesto ranked among the top third of international companies on a scale of rapidly growing companies in December 2022, with the highest likelihood of expanding in the next 18 to 24 months.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In April 2023, nesto was the national lender with the lowest rate.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "According to the Financial Post, in 2021, nesto had a Net Promoter Score of 77, more than double the average score for banks and financial services.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In 2023 Deloitte recognized nesto as one of Canada's fastest growing tech companies based on what it described as nesto's “rapid revenue growth, entrepreneurial spirit, and bold innovation\".", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "nesto is an online lender that allows users to find and compare mortgage rates. Their platform automates parts of the mortgage application and underwriting and provides mortgage and refinancing rates that are more competitive than those offered by conventional banks and brokers. The company claims that owing to the platform's digitalized workflow, every nesto broker has the capability to manage tenfold the standard industry volume. Users can browse the full list of choices available to them in the market. The application process is handled entirely online. Access to nesto's product requires a credit score of at least 650.", "title": "Services" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In June 2022, nesto introduced a 150-day rate hold, allowing customers to lock in a rate as protection against potential future increases and encouraging them to move their existing mortgages to nesto. The company noted rising renewal and new-mortgage numbers. Their 150-day rate hold is the longest in Canada.", "title": "Services" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "nesto is based in Montreal, and licensed and operating in all Canadian jurisdictions.", "title": "Services" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2023 Taichung Blue Whale season was the club's 10th season and their 10th season in Taiwan Mulan Football League. Marking the club's 10th anniversary, the game jersey featured a golden 10th anniversary commemorative logo for all games in the season.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On 9 December 2023, Taichung Blue Whale mathematically won their 5th Taiwan Mulan Football League title with one game remaining.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Source:", "title": "Competitions" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Source: Ordered by , and = Number of bookings; = Number of sending offs after a second yellow card; = Number of sending offs by a direct red card.", "title": "Statistics" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Narendra Bhooshan is an Indian bureaucrat and an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer, currently serving as the Principal Secretary of the Science & Technology Department in the Government of Uttar Pradesh. Over his career, Bhooshan has assumed various key positions in notable Government projects and administrative roles including Chief Executive Officer of Greater Noida, Mission Director of India's National Food Security Mission, and managing director of Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation and Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Between 2015 and 2018, Bhooshan served as the Mission Director of India's National Food Security Mission followed by heading the Unique Identification Authority of India as Deputy Director General (DDG) for two years under the Ministry of Information Technology and Electronics.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Bhooshan was brought to the forelight when he became the Chief Executive Officer of Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh in 2018. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he was appointed by Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath to lead the response efforts in Gautam Budh Nagar, one of the areas most severely affected by the pandemic. He is credited with bringing the situation under control in the region. As CEO Greater Noida, Bhooshan also played a key role on the board of the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) NAIL, tasked with establishing the Jewar Airport, which is anticipated to become the largest airport in India upon completion.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Before joining Government of India, on deputation from the UP Government in 2011, Bhooshan had also served as the managing director of Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation and the Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation and as District Migistrate of Mathura and Firozabad.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Prince François of Luxembourg (François Henn Luis Marie Guillaume; born 27 March 2023) is the second child of Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume and Hereditary Grand Duchess Stéphanie. He was born at Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital in Luxembourg City. He is third in the line of succession to the throne of Luxembourg.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Michael Huntley, known professionally as Huntley, is an American blues rock singer-songwriter. He is the winner of season 24 of the American talent competition The Voice, having competed on the team coached by Niall Horan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Huntley is originally from Spring Hill, Florida, but moved to Fredericksburg, Virginia. Huntley briefly moved to Nashville, Tennessee to pursue a career in music but moved back to Fredericksburg prior to auditioning for The Voice. He has two children: a daughter, Stella, born in 2016; and a son, Michael Jr., born in 2021.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2022, Huntley independently released his debut single, \"Holdin' On\".", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2023, Huntley competed in the 24th season of The Voice. In the blind auditions, he sang \"She Talks to Angels\" by Black Crowes. The season's four coaches, John Legend, Gwen Stefani, Niall Horan, and Reba McEntire turned their chairs for him. Before choosing his coach, Huntley brought his daughter, Stella, on stage where it was then revealed that she would pick his coach. She chose Team Niall, making Huntley a part of Horan's team.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Huntley went on to win the season on December 19, 2023, giving his coach Niall Horan his second consecutive win, after his contestant in season 23, Gina Miles, won the season in May 2023. Ultimately, Huntley won US$100,000 and a record deal with Republic Records, a label owned by Universal Music Group.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On December 23, 2023, Huntley performed the National Anthem at the Buffalo Bills vs. Los Angeles Chargers football game.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In an interview with The Free Lance–Star in 2022, Huntley described his genre as \"singer-songwriter country, definitely Southern blues rock 'n' roll.\" Throughout his time on The Voice, Huntley was often compared to the likes of Chris Stapleton, among others.", "title": "Artistry" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Edwin Robert Procunier (1 October 1927 - 26 September 2011) was a Canadian playwright, teacher and art collector. He founded the London Community Players, and was President of Theatre Ontario and the St. Thomas-Elgin Public Art Centre. Upon his death he bequeathed 372 paintings from his collection to the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, where they are on display in The Rooms museum.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Procunier was born on 1 October 1927 in Lamaline, Newfoundland, to William Procunier and Minnie (née Pugh). His father died when he was three years old and he and his brother George were raised by their mother in Harbour Grace. They moved to Ontario when Edwin was 15 so he could attend university. Edwin took Honours English at University of Western Ontario, his MA at Queen's University, and his teacher's certificate at the Ontario College of Education, University of Toronto. He taught English at Brantford Collegiate High School, and later at Althouse College, University of Western Ontario. He founded the London Community Players, and was President of Theatre Ontario and the St. Thomas-Elgin Public Art Centre. He lectured for the Canadian Opera Company.", "title": "Life and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Procunier wrote 27 stage plays, produced across Canada and on CBC Radio.", "title": "Plays" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Procunier bequeathed 372 paintings from his collection to the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, where they are on display in The Rooms museum. He also established the Procunier Family Music Scholarship at Memorial University of Newfoundland. Procunier Hall at The Palace Theatre, London, Ontario was dedicated to him after his death.", "title": "Legacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The village of Kalya is in Kasaba Hobli of Magadi Taluk in the Ramanagara district of Karnataka, India.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kalya is a historic village and has been called Kalleha, Kalyaha and Kalleha Pattana in inscriptions. 28 inscriptions, three tiger-hunting hero stones, four Veera Masti stones, Nisidhi stones, a lingamudra stone, Kalleshwara temple, the gadige of the famous 12th-century Telugu poet Palkuriki Somanatha, a Veerashaiva Jangam Mutt, a Jain manasthamba are some ancient artefacts found in Kalya. In addition, pre-historic rock art and pre-historic tools have been reported from Kalya, indicating that this village has been a human settlement for 3500–4000 years.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kalya is well known for a 1368CE inscription that relates to a dispute between Jains and Sri Vaishnavas during the time of King Bukkaraya II.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Four of the twenty eight inscriptions are currently described in this article.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple is located in the village of Kalya, at Kasaba Hobli Magadi Taluk, in the Ramnagara district of Karnataka. The singarajayya Divige-Harivana Donated inscription was found here. The inscription was in Kannada script and the Kannada language. The time period of the inscription is dated to March 22, 1536 Common Era (CE), and the size of the inscription is 102 centimeter tall by 244 centimeter wide (inscription area), and the typical character size is 6.8 centimeter tall, 5.2 centimeter wide, and 0.3 centimeter deep.", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "GPS location of the inscription: 12°58'44.3\"N 77°10'44.8\"E", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The inscription was discovered on a boulder to the north of the Kalleshvara temple by the Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Project team in April 2022. The inscription is dated to March 22, 1536 Common Era (CE).", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The inscription stone measures 102 cm tall and 244 cm wide (inscription area), while the characters are approximately 6.8 cm tall, 5.2 cm wide, and 0.3 cm deep. The inscription is inscribed in the Kannada language and Kannada script.", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The inscription is of 6 lines and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST are as follows:", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "The inscription documents Singarajayya's generous gifts to the god Kalleshwara, including a bronze lamp (Divige), a plate (Harivana), along with other pooja articles and land dedicated to supporting food offerings.", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Three other inscriptions also mention Singarajayya the donor:", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "1) Magadi taluk inscription number 21, Epigraphia Carnatica vol. 9 and inscription number 40 of this article are other records of similar donations by Singarajayya.", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "2) Magadi taluk inscription number 21 Epigraphia Carnatica vol. 9 (mg21) also mentions Singarajayya as a nephew of King Achutaraya of the Karnataka empire.", "title": "Kalleshwara Temple, 1536 CE, Singarajayya Divige-Harivana donation inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "The inscription was discovered on a boulder to the north of the Kalleshwara temple by the Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Project team in April 2022. The inscription is dated to 1549CE.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara temple 1549CE Immadi inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "The inscription is in Kannada script and Kannada language which was used in the 1549 Common Era (CE) period.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara temple 1549CE Immadi inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "The inscription stone measures 82 cm tall by 112 cm wide, while the characters are11.1 cm tall, 7.2 cm wide & 0.3 cm deep.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara temple 1549CE Immadi inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The inscription is of 6 lines and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST are as follows.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara temple 1549CE Immadi inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "The Immadi inscription is worn out and sentences cannot be read properly and only the year, month and the word Immadi are readable. As the word Immadi also appears in adjacent inscriptions, it can be understood the reference is to Immadi Kemparasa who was ruling in the year 1549CE.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara temple 1549CE Immadi inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "The inscription was discovered on the steps leading to Kalleshwara Temple by the Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Project team in April 2022. The inscription is dated to 17th century.", "title": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 17th century Mahabhaktha inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "The Mahabhaktha Inscription is in Kannada script and Kannada language which was written in the 17th century (based on paleography).", "title": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 17th century Mahabhaktha inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "The inscription stone measures 36 cm tall by 144 cm wide, while the characters are approximately 8.9 cm tall, 3.8 cm wide & 0.4 cm deep.", "title": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 17th century Mahabhaktha inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "The inscription is of 2 lines and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST are as follows.", "title": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 17th century Mahabhaktha inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "The inscription is incomplete and appears to mention a devotee from a place name beginning or containing the term \"Talada\".", "title": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 17th century Mahabhaktha inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "The Kalya Kalleshwara Temple is located in the village of Kalya,at Kasaba Hobli Magadi Taluk,in the Ramanagar district of Karnataka. The Ballabatta Boulder inscription was found here. The inscription was in Kannada script and the Kannada language. The time period of the inscription is dated to July 18, 1531 (July), and the size of the inscription is 57 centimeters tall by 117 centimeters wide (inscription area), and the typical character size is 6.6 centimeters tall, centimeter wide, and 0.6 centimeters deep.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "GPS location of the inscription: 12°58'44.3\"N 77°10'44.8\"E", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Discovered by the Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation project team in April 2022. The inscription is dated July 18, 1531.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "The inscription stone measures 57 cm tall and 117 cm wide (inscription area). while the characters are approximately 6.6 cm tall, 8.2 cm wide, and 0.6 cm deep. The inscription is inscribed in the Kannada language and Kannada script.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "The inscription is of 4 lines, and the transliterated text of the inscription in Kannada and IAST is as follows:", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "A very worn-out incomplete inscription seems to be a record of a Ballalbatta donating some lands to the God Kalleshwara.", "title": "Kalya Kalleshwara Temple 16th-century Ballabatta boulder inscription" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Atomic Café was a discotheque and live club that ran from January 1997 to the end of 2014 in Munich, Germany. The club was a regular venue for up-and-coming international bands and was award winning for playing music styles Indie, Beat, Garage, Punk, Psychedelic Pop, Northern Soul, Deep Funk and at times Drum and Bass. The club gained international fame in the relevant scenes. The overall design was guided by the two graphic designers Christian Heine and Roland Schunk (also Designer of Plattenkreisel), who founded and ran the club. It was decorated in blood red, orange, sun yellow and cyan; the design was based on Verner Panton, Googie architecture and the Space Age design of the 1960s. The capacity was up to 400 people.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Over 2,000 national and international live acts performed on the Atomic Café stage. For many artists their first appearance in Germany was in the Atomic Café - for example, the Arctic Monkeys and Mumford & Sons. National and international artists held their private aftershow parties or gave unannounced concerts like Pete Doherty and Die Toten Hosen.", "title": "Concerts" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Local and international DJ's played over 5,000 parties. Besides there were other events such as readings, underground film premieres, Super-8 films, Lomo evenings, and Tiki ceremonies.", "title": "Club nights" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The club ran its own football team and ran a record label under the name Panatomic Music Co. One of its compilers Martin Hemmel was a precursor of the French Yé-Yé revival with the compilation series French Cuts.", "title": "Club nights" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2013 The Atomic Café was the first venue to receive the newly-established Program Award of the German Federal Government (highest category). The club took first place in the Musikexpress reader vote for Best Club of 2014.", "title": "Awards" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On January 1st, 2015 it finally had to give way to a Lacoste flagship store. After closure over 100 exhibits were added to the collection of the Munich Stadtmuseum. In 2014 and 2015 a documentary film was made about the Atomic Café with the title 'This is Atomic Love', which premiered on May 5, 2017 and ran several times at the International Documentary Film Festival Munich, where it was given an 'Audience Favourite' award. From July 24, 2021 the Munich Stadtmuseum brought the exhibition \"Here Comes the Night, Club Culture in Munich\" on the subject of post-war Munich nightlife with The Atomic Café recreated as a walk-in installation; it was extended twice until January 7th, 2024 due to its success. Since September 2023 The Atomic Café has been relaunched as a fortnightly club night in Munich's cultural centre Gasteig.", "title": "Closure and aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Lizzie Glasier (married name: Elizabeth Glasier Foster; 9 May 1869 – 15 January 1947) was a Scottish socialist lecturer, activist, and pioneer of Socialist Sunday Schools.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Elizabeth Glasier was born in 1869, the daughter of John Bruce and Isabella McNicoll. John Bruce had eloped with the much younger McNicoll around 1857, leaving his wife Elizabeth Lindsay and their three children. A number of children born to Bruce and McNicoll were registered over subsequent years, with the surname McNicoll, but those of Elizabeth and her brother John Bruce Glasier (who gave his birth date as 25 March 1859) do not appear to have been. After John Bruce's death in December 1870, Isabella adopted the surname Glasier. In 1891, Isabella and her children were living in Govan, with Elizabeth listed as a \"Teacher of music\".", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On Isabella Glasier's death in 1911, she was mourned by the Labour Leader as \"the mother and inspirer of one of the earliest pioneers and two of the most devoted propagandists of our gospel\". As well as her children, the funeral was attended by Ramsay MacDonald and Ethel Bentham.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Glasier married press reporter Frederick George Foster in Camberwell, London in 1914. Foster was also involved in socialism and education.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "A member of the Glasgow Women's Labour League (of which she became president), in 1895 Lizzie Glasier wrote to the Labour Leader canvassing for the idea of establishing classes for children connected with \"every branch of the I.L.P. and other Socialist bodies throughout the country\". On 2 February 1896, socialist lecturer Caroline Martyn, called a meeting to form the Glasgow Socialist Sunday School, becoming its secretary.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "This has been described as the origin of the modern Socialist Sunday School movement, and what became a nationwide network of Socialist Sunday Schools. F. Reid described the work of \"second-rank adherents [of the Labour movement] who achieved no national prominence\", like Lizzie Glasier and Archie McArthur, as being particularly important to the development of the Socialist Sunday School movement.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Lizzie Glasier edited the monthly magazine The Young Socialist. In its pages, she gave outspoken support to the demands of workers in the strikes involving seamen, dockers, railwaymen, and miners 1911–12. Editorship was taken over in the 1920s by Glasier's friend May Westoby.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "In 1907, Glasier responded to an attack by some of Glasgow's Christians which suggested that Socialist Sunday Schools were irreligious. Her pamphlet was titled A Reply to the Sabbath school teacher's Magazine. She argued elsewhere that socialism was the highest religion, writing:", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Socialism contains in itself a system of ethics which when brought into operation, and practised by humanity will lead to the perfect fulfilment of that highest and holiest aspiration of all religions—The Brotherhood of Man.... It has become as a religious faith, which no opposition or persecution is likely to weaken or dim; which no discouragement can turn its disciples aside from.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "In addition to her work for the Labour movement, Glasier became well known for her work on behalf of children. She wrote four volumes on the decorative forms of school needlecraft, which influenced methods used in schools – its general methods being incorporated into The Handbook of Suggestions to Teachers, issued by the Board of Education in 1927. She was also a founder and Principal of the E.N.A. School of Needlecraft, which instructed teachers in new methods, seeking particularly to abolish minute sewing, which she viewed as injurious to young children.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Glasier also wrote and privately published a pamphlet about John Bruce Glasier's poetry.", "title": "Socialist Sunday Schools" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "In her later years, she and her husband lived with Katherine Bruce Glasier at Glen Cottage, Earby. In West Craven, she remained active in working with children and mothers, including as part of the Clinic Sewing Circle, and the Nursing Association. A regional paper described her as \"frail in physique, but lion-hearted\".", "title": "Later years" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Elizabeth Glasier Foster died in January 1947 at Southend Municipal Hospital, Rochford, following a fall some weeks earlier.", "title": "Later years" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Glen Cottage, preserved in memory of Katherine Bruce Glasier, later became a youth hostel.", "title": "Later years" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Smith Island is an island in the Prince William Sound in Chugach, Alaska, United States. It is located to the east of Eleanor Island, north of Montague Island, and west of Hinchinbrook Island. The island has an maximum elevation of 440 feet (130 m) above the sea level. Its name was first recorded in a land surbey in 1900.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "60°31′33.74″N 147°21′34.63″W / 60.5260389°N 147.3596194°W / 60.5260389; -147.3596194", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Terrapin attack is a cryptographic attack on the commonly used ssh protocol that is used for secure command-and-control throughout the Internet. The Terrapin attack can reduce the security of ssh by using a downgrade attack via man-in-the-middle interception. The attack works by prefix truncation; the injection and deletion of messages during feature negotiation, manipulating sequence numbers in a way that causes other messages to be ignored without an error being detected by either client or server.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "According to the attack's discoverers, the majority of ssh implementations were vulnerable at the time of publication. The designers of SSH have implemented a fix for the Terrapin attack, but the fix is only effective when both client and server implementations have been upgraded to support it.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "However, the risk is mitigated by the requirement to intercept a genuine ssh session, and that the attack can only delete messages at the start of a negotiation, fortuitously resulting mostly in failed connections. The ssh developers have stated that the major impact of the attack is to degrade the keystroke timing obfuscation features of ssh.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It has been given the CVE ID CVE-2023-48795. In addition to the main attack, two other vulnerabilities were found in AsyncSSH, assigned the CVE IDs CVE-2023-46445 and CVE-2023-46446.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Christian Ulbrich (born 1966) is a German executive who is the president and chief executive officer of real estate services company JLL.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After graduating from the University of Hamburg, Ulbrich initially worked in finance roles at MeesPierson and Rabobank Nederland. In 1996, he was named the CEO of Bank Companie Nord, following which he was hired by Warburg Bank to lead its real estate group HIH.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "He was hired by real estate services company JLL to manage its German operations in 2005. In 2016, JLL named him as its global president and the company's global CEO. According to the German business publication Immobilien Zeitung, he was the first German in global leadership of one of the major real estate companies.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Since then, Christian Ulbrich has promoted the use and further development of technologies in the company. As part of this, he created JLL Spark, an investment fund that supports technology startups with products for the real estate industry.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Ulbrich is part of the World Economic Forum's International Business Council and its Alliance of CEO Climate Leaders.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Madeleine Lamberet (1908-1999) was a French artist, primary school teacher and anarchist activist.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Madeleine Lamberet was born on 6 March 1908, in the Parisian suburb of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. An artist from an early age, she studied at the École des Arts Décoratifs and was an apprentice to the neo-impressionist painters Maurice Denis, Paul Signac and Édouard Vuillard. After exhibiting her first works at the 1929 Salon d'Automne, she went to Andorra, where she painted portraits and landscapes. In 1934, she won the Prix Blumenthal for painting.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, she and her sister Renée Lamberet crossed the border into Spain, where Madeleine took sketches of anarchist militiamen and Renée collected testimonies for her history of the conflict. She was involved with the activities of Solidaridad Internacional Antifascista and wrote articles about the Spanish Revolution for Le Libertaire. In 1937, Madeleine moved to Barcelona, where she painted a series of portraits of anarchist militiamen; she then returned to Paris, where she worked as an art teacher at a primary school. After the defeat of the Spanish Republicans in 1939, she went to the France-Spain border and provided aid to refugees, depicting the internment camps in her drawings. During the Nazi occupation of France, she helped hide members of the French Resistance by engaging in the forgery of documents.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Following the end of World War II, Lamberet travelled to Bulgaria in order to help Bulgarian anarchists flee repression by the communist government. There she met her life-long partner Georges Balkanski [bg], who she helped escape to France in 1949. She became closely involved in the activities of the exiled Spanish and Bulgarian anarchist movements, through which she joined the Confédération Nationale du Travail (CNT), the French branch of the International Workers' Association (IWA). She donated a number of paintings to the CNT, during their labour disputes in the 1970s. The CNT helped put together an exhibition of her drawings in June 1998.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lamberet continued her work as an art teacher until 1969, when she retired. Her sister Renée died in 1980, and her partner Georges Balkanski died in October 1996. Madeleine Lamberet herself died on 9 May 1999, in the 18th arrondisement of Paris. Her body was cremated on 14 May 1999.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Suresnes-Longchamp station is a former French railway station on the line from Puteaux to Issy-Plaine (Moulineaux line), which became a tram station on line 2 of the Île-de-France tramway (line T2). It is located in the territory of the commune of Suresnes, in the department of Hauts-de-Seine, in the Île-de-France region. It is also close to the Longchamp racecourse (located in Paris).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The station was put into service in 1889 and closed in 1993. It was transformed into a tram station and reopened, like the line, in 1997. Its passenger building was repurposed; it houses the Musée d'histoire urbaine et sociale de Suresnes, opened in 2013.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Having become a tram station of the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP), it is served by the trains of line T2.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "French subordinators (also known as subordonnants or conjonctions de subordination) are words that primarily indicate that the clauses they introduce are subordinate to the main clause. In French, subordinators form a distinct lexical category and include words such as que (that) and si (whether/if).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Syntactically, these subordinators typically precede the subordinate clause. Semantically, they are primarily functional, serving to connect the subordinate clause to the main clause without adding significant meaning themselves.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In French linguistics, the term subordonnant is commonly used to include, along with subordinators, relative pronouns, and prepositions. This article deals only with subordinators.", "title": "Terminology and membership" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Key French subordinators include:", "title": "Membership" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Each subordinator can be illustrated with examples:", "title": "Membership" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Like English, French distinguishes subordinators from other grammatical categories such as prepositions and adverbs. A major difference is that the subordinators are semantically empty, while other words – such as comme (\"like\"), lorsque (\"when\"), puisque (\"since\") – that are loosely described as conjonctions de subordination have particular meanings.", "title": "Subordinators vs other categories" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The House of Mystery is an American radio dramatic mystery anthology that was broadcast on Mutual from January 15, 1945, until December 25, 1949.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "John Griggs portrayed Roger Elliott, the host and narrator. Elliott, a ghost chaser and \"scientist of the supernatural\", sought to disprove the existence of phantoms and ghosts. Episodes of The House of Mystery used a storytelling scenario. Elliott related tales to a group of children and offered them an opportunity to ask questions at the end of his story. His tales included \"mysterious lights, footprints that vanished before the eyes, and things that went bump in the night.\" Episodes were based \"on a foundation of strong stories and scientific accuracy.\"", "title": "Format" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Bob Maxwell created The House of Mystery after Dr. Robert Thorndyke of Columbia University conducted a survey that indicated that boys and girls over a wide range of ages \"preferred supernatural mystery to any other format\". Frances Dexter produced the program, and Olga Druce directed it. The program's mood was established at the beginning of each episode with \"creepy organ music and the salutation Thisssss is the Houssssse ... of Mysssstery!\" George Wright played the organ.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From January 15, 1945, through May 11, 1945, the program was 15 minutes long and was broadcast Monday-Friday. It was taken off the air to accommodate the move of Captain Midnight from ABC to Mutual. The House of Mystery returned on September 15, 1946, as a 30-minute program on Saturdays at noon, Eastern Time with General Foods as sponsor, promoting Post-Toasties cereal. It ended in that time slot on June 1, 1946, and returned to the air on Sundays at 4 p.m. E. T. from October 6, 1946, through December 25, 1949, with General Foods continuing as sponsor.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Some individuals and organizations were concerned about possible negative effects that programs like The House of Mystery might have on children. Druce acknowledged that such shows could frighten children initially. She said, \"We ask the parents to cooperate and sit with the children for about five programs explaining such things as the announcer pitching his voice low to create a mysterious atmosphere. Soon the child will lose all fear and enjoy the drama.\" In that way, she said, children would \"learn to overcome fear through reasoning and enlightenment.\" She noted that each episode demonstrated that \"a logical solution to the supernatural\" existed. Druce also pointed out that some people who objected to mystery programs had condemned them without ever listening to them.", "title": "Effects on children" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1946, the Ohio State Institute for Education by Radio recognized The House of Mystery with one of 13 awards presented to national network radio programs. During the organization's 10th annual American exhibition, the show received a first for children's programming. The citation accompanying the award said, \"This program merits the award because it achieves the objectives essential in a program for children. First and foremost, it entertains; second, it is good radio drama; third, the suspense is resolved within the program, and fourth, it shows that superstition and fear are based on ignorance.\"", "title": "Recognition" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "A pilot for a TV version of The House of Mystery was made in 1954, but it was never broadcast. Dan O'Herlihy portrayed Elliott, and Maxwell was the producer.", "title": "Television" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The National System of Nature Conservation Units (Portuguese: Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza), abbreviated SNUC, is a set of regulations and official procedures that enable the federal, state and municipal government departments, as well as private initiative, to create, implement and manage Conservation Units (UC) in order to organize nature preservation in Brazil.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The SNUC originated in the 1970s, when the former Brazilian Forestry Development Institute - IBDF (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal), supported by the Brazilian Foundation for Nature Conservation (Fundação Brasileira para a Conservação da Natureza), created the Plan for the System of Conservation Units in Brazil (Plano do Sistema de Unidades de Conservação do Brasil), officially published in 1979. The project contained specific objectives necessary for nature conservation in Brazil and proposed new categories of natural resource management, which were not provided for in the legislation of the time - the Brazilian Forest Code of 1965 and the Fauna Protection Act of 1967. A second stage of the plan, drawn up by the IBDF, was sanctioned by the government in 1982 and published under its current name and acronyms - the National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In order to provide legal support for the system, it became necessary to create a law that incorporated the concepts defined for the categorization and establishment of conservation units in Brazil. In July 1988, the Pro-Nature Foundation - FUNATRA (Portuguese: Fundação Pró-Natureza), with resources initially provided by the Special Secretariat for the Environment - SEMA (Secretaria Especial do Meio Ambiente) and the IBDF, gathered a group of specialists to review and update the definitions of the categories of conservation units and to develop a draft law. In 1989, the work concluded and resulted in two draft laws published by IBAMA and FUNATRA.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The texts were discussed in both the executive and legislative branches. After undergoing considerable changes, they were published in the form of Law No. 9.985, of July 18, 2000. Decree No. 4.340, of August 22, 2002, regulates the SNUC.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The SNUC promotes nature conservation in Brazil by providing legal mechanisms to the federal, state and municipal governments and to private initiative in order to:", "title": "Objectives" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The SNUC uses the name Conservation Unit (UC) to describe protected areas, which are territorial spaces, including jurisdictional waters, with relevant natural characteristics and defined conservation objectives and boundaries. The SNUC provides legal mechanisms for the creation and management of protected areas in the three levels of administration and private initiative, enabling the development of collective strategies for the preservation of natural areas. The involvement of society in the management of Conservation Units is also regulated by the system, which strengthens the connection between the state, citizens and the environment. The federal government's Conservation Units are managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio).", "title": "Conservation Unit" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The SNUC provides for twelve complementary categories of conservation units organized according to their management objectives and types of use in two large groups:", "title": "Conservation Unit" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The following table presents an overview of the categories of protected areas and compiles the correlation between the international classification of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the SNUC:", "title": "Conservation Unit" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "The availability of official information on all Brazilian conservation units through the National Registry of Conservation Units (CNUC) is an important step towards consolidating the SNUC.", "title": "Conservation Unit" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Under current Brazilian legislation, Conservation Units are created by presidential or state decree after an evaluation of their ecological importance and can only be altered or reduced through bills. However, in 2012, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved, and President Dilma Rousseff sanctioned and transformed into federal law, a Provisional Measure that redefined the boundaries of seven Conservation Units in the Amazon.", "title": "Conservation Unit" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The National Registry of Conservation Units - CNUC (Portuguese: Cadastro Nacional de Unidades de Conservação) is an integrated database system with regularized information on the protected areas of the SNUC managed by the three levels of administration and by private entities. The Ministry of the Environment is responsible for organizing the CNUC, as established in article 50 of Law No. 9,985 of 2000. As of September 2020, there were 2,487 Conservation Units registered with the CNUC. The specific objectives of the CNUC can be summarized as:", "title": "National Register of Conservation Units" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Bibasis etelka, the great orange awlet, is a species of skipper described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1871.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The distribution of Bibasis etelka is mostly Southeast Asia.", "title": "Distribution" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Template:Округа УРСРLuhansk Okruha (Ukrainian: Луганська округа) was an okruha of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1923 to 1930. Its administrative center was the city Luhansk.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It was established on 7 March 1923, within Donets Governorate.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In June 1925, the governorate system was abolished in Ukraine and the districts became the first-level administrative divisions of the Ukrainian SSR.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In June 1930, Starobilsk Okruha [uk] was abolished, and its former territory was merged into Luhansk Okruha.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The okruha itself was abolished on 2 September 1930, and its constituent raions became directly subordinated to the Ukrainian SSR.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "This is a timeline of History of Maldives. Each article deals with events in Maldives in a given year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Best Christmas Pageant Ever is an upcoming American Christmas film, directed by Dallas Jenkins, based on the children's novel of the same name by Barbara Robinson. It stars Judy Greer, Pete Holmes, Molly Belle Wright, and Nolan Grantham.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Best Christmas Pageant Ever is scheduled to be released theatrically by Lionsgate on November 15, 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In November 2023, it was reported that an adaptation of The Best Christmas Pageant Ever was in the works at Lionsgate, with Dallas Jenkins directing the film.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Principal photography began in December 2023, in Canada.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The Best Christmas Pageant Ever is scheduled to be released in the United States on November 15, 2024.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 33rd Central American Championships in Athletics were held at the Estadio Nacional in San José, Costa Rica, on 6 and 7 May 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A total of 45 events were contested, 22 by men, 22 by women, as well as one mixed event.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "* Host nation (Costa Rica)", "title": "Medal table" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Shahabad Vidhan Sabha seat was one of the seats in Karnataka state assembly in India until 2008 when it was made defunct. It was part of Gulbarga Lok Sabha seat.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "", "title": "Election results" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "17°20′N 76°50′E / 17.33°N 76.83°E / 17.33; 76.83", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Darren Burke (born 25 April 1967) is a Canadian university professor, researcher and entrepreneur.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Darren Burke was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He completed an undergraduate degree in Physical Education and a master's degree in Science from Dalhousie University. He was awarded a PhD in Exercise Physiology at the University of Saskatchewan in 2001 with the thesis \"Individual creatine pool size and responsiveness associated with creatine supplementation\".", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In 2001, Burke started a tenure track role as an assistant professor at St. Francis Xavier University in 2001, and was promoted to associate professor with Tenure in 2004. In 2008, he left his academia career to start his first business. He applied his research to create a new line of sports nutrition products encompassing protein powders, energy capsules, and muscle-enhancing supplements tailored for professional athletes.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2013 his company, Rivalus was acquired by Nutrivo. In 2017, Burke started working on a sustainable technology to decrease food waste and conserve nutrients in fruits and vegetables which would have otherwise been discarded. In 2018, he partnered with former NHL hockey player TJ Galiardi to launch Outcast Foods which is a sustainable technology-based company aimed at upcycling discarded fruits and vegetables bound for landfills. He served as the CEO of Outcast Foods till the end of 2021.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the same year he received the EY Entrepreneur of the Year for Atlantic Canada.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Burke returned to academia in 2023 as an Industry Professor at McMaster University to help the university set up a makerspace and develop a curriculum for Entrepreneurship and Innovation.", "title": "Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Pablo Javier Alvarez García (born 29 June 1992) is a Honduran professional footballer who plays as goalkeeper for Victoria", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He made his professional debut in a match against Honduras Progreso that ended 2-1 then a game verses Real Sociedad He was also part in a match where he played a game at 2013/14 Champions League.", "title": "Club career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ski Crazed is a 1987 skiing game video game developed by JAM Software and published by Baudville.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Ski Crazed was the first game developed by JAM Software. It was originally titled Ski Stud and was programmed by Jason Rubin in a weekend. Baudville bought the game from JAM Software for US$250. The publisher announced the game for the Apple II in September 1987 as part of its third-quarter release plans. It was shipped in October 1987.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Computer Entertainer gave the game a score of 3 out of 4, stating: \"There’s nothing serious here, from the funny-looking skier to the messages which your ski instructor indicates to you. Including the construction set gives the game the extra added fun that makes the difference\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The game sold 1,000 copies. and the company made about US$1,500 from the game.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight, 465 U.S. 271 (1984), was a collective bargaining rights case brought before the United States Supreme Court. The decision had effects on how the First Amendment to the United States Constitution is interpreted.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The appellants, the Minnesota State Board for Community Colleges (Board) and the Minnesota Community College Faculty Association (MCCFA), had agreed among themselves to establish \"meet and confer committees\" for discussing any campus policy issues not subject to mandatory bargaining. They had legally done so under a provision of the Minnesota Public Employee Labor Relations Act (PELRA).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A group of 20 Minnesota community college faculty not represented by the MCCFA sued in District Court over the committees, successfully arguing that their First and Fourteenth Amendment speech and associational rights had been violated by their exclusion from their employer's policymaking process.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The MCCFA then counter-sued the faculty, and succeeded in establishing before the Supreme Court that PELRA's \"meet and confer\" provisions do not violate the Constitution. In her majority opinion, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote that \"nothing in the First Amendment or in this Court's case law interpreting it suggests that the rights to speak, associate, and petition require government policymakers to listen or respond to communications of members of the public on public issues.\"", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Text of Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight, 465 U.S. 271 (1984) is available from: Justia Library of Congress", "title": "Further reading" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "", "title": "Further reading" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tibor Del Grosso (born 27 July 2003) is a Dutch cyclo-cross and road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Alpecin–Deceuninck Development Team. He won the silver medal in the men's under-23 race at the 2023 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships. He also occasionally competes in cross-country mountain biking, having won the 2022 national under-23 championships.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sir James Campbell of Auchinbreck, 5th Baronet (1679 – 14 October 1756) was a Scottish Jacobite politician and landowner. He was Lord Commissioner of Justiciary for the Highlands between 1701 and 1711, and Member of Parliament for Argyllshire between 1703 and 1707. Considered a prominent Argyll laird, the fortune of the Campbells of Auchinbreck had however deteriorated since 1685.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Sir James Campbell was the son of Sir Duncan Campbell, 4th Baronet (died c. 1700) and Lady Henrietta Lindsay, daughter of Alexander Lindsay, 1st Earl of Balcarres. His grandmother Lady Anna Mackenzie, governess to William III, married his grandfather Lord Balneil and then remarried Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll. He was educated at the University of Glasgow (1695).", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The progenitor of the Campbells of Auchinbreck Dugald Campbell was made a baronet in 1627. The Auchinbreck Campbells descend from Dugald Campbell of Kilmichael (fl. 15th century), a son of Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell, who received a large charter for the lands of Auchinbreck in 1452. The Campbells of Auchinbreck, regarded as among the most considerable branches of Clan Campbell, were one of the very few Campbell branches to support the Jacobite cause.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1700 he succeeded his father to the Campbell baronetcy, of Auchinbreck (Nova Scotia) and as the laird of Auchinbreck. He was Lord Commissioner of Justiciary for the Highlands between 1701 and 1711. He was Member of Parliament for Argyllshire between 1703 and 1707. He was a Burgess of Edinburgh and of Inveraray.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "As a prominent Argyll laird, his support to the Jacobite cause was significant in the West Highlands. He was a Jacobite conspirator since 1715, as he felt that the Dukes of Argyll had neglected his family during the course of their misfortunes. Restoring the Stuart monarchs also provided Auchinbreck with opportunity to regain wealth and prominence which was not otherwise attainable. During the Jacobite rising of 1745 Auchinbreck, who considered himself too elderly too participate in the rebellion, was arrested and imprisoned at Dumbarton Castle. He was later released and was not among those executed for treason. Auchinbreck was attainted and his large Argyll estates were confiscated nonetheless. Forced to live off of sparse Jacobite remittances, he died on 14 October 1756 at Lochgair.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Sir James was married three times and had 17 children. He married firstly Margaret Campbell, the daughter of Campbell of Carradale. He married secondly Janet MacLeod, the daughter of Iain Breac MacLeod of MacLeod, 18th Chief of Clan MacLeod. He married thirdly, his 'cousin', Susanna Campbell, the daughter of Campbell of Cawdor.", "title": "Family" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "His daughter Anne was married to Donald Cameron of Lochiel, Chief of Clan Cameron, popularly known as the 'Gentle Lochiel', who played an important role in the '45. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his grandson, Sir James Campbell, 6th Baronet (1721–1814), who was the only son of Duncan Campbell (his eldest son by Janet MacLeod).", "title": "Family" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Following the death of his grandson in 1814, the baronetcy became extinct.", "title": "Family" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ahmed Khaleel (Dhivehi:އަހްމަދު ޚަލީލް, born March 17 1962) is a Maldivian diplomat and the former Ambassador to Japan. He also studied in Majeediyya School for 10 years. He served as the non-resident ambassador to the Republic of Korea. He served as the Under-Secretary for Bilateral Relations at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during 2016-2018, before becoming the MInister of State for Foreign Affairs in November 2018.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1981 and first worked at the Immigration Bureau for about six months, then worked at the Office of the High Commission in Sri Lanka, where he was the third secretary.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "From October 1983 to June 1984, He completed a Foreign Service Training Programme in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. From October 1991 to June 1992, he also completed a Diplomat Training Programme at Oxford University in England.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "From 2006 to 2007, he served as Chargé d'Affaires of the Maldives to Japan and he was involved in the opening of the embassy, and then from 2007 to 2009 as an Ambassador to the United Nations.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He was also the Ambassador of the Maldives to Japan from 2009 to 2016 (the presentation of his credentials was held in 2010, a year after his appointment)", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On 11 March 2011, during Khaleel's third year as Ambassador to Japan, the Great East Japan Earthquake occurred, causing extensive damage mainly on the Pacific coast of the Tōhoku region. From August 26th to 27th of the same year, he engaged in relief activities in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, the disaster-stricken area, together with Yoshitaka Shindo, a member of the House of Representatives who was then the secretary-general of the Japan-Maldives Friendship Parliamentary League. (This was the first time that Khaleel accompanied Japan.)", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On 18 April, 2013, he visited South Korea's capital Seoul as a non-resident ambassador to the Republic of Korea and presented his credentials to President Park Geun-hye at the Blue House.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On 15 December 2015, while Khaleel was serving as ambassador to Japan, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe hosted a luncheon for 24 Japanese-speaking ambassadors from various countries to Japan to the Prime Minister's official residence, Khaleel being one of them.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On 3 October 2016, Khaleel was appointed as the Under-Secretary for Bilateral Relations at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. On 14 June 2018, he participated in the first Japan-Maldives Policy Dialogue which was held in Tokyo as Vice-Minister for Bilateral Relations and exchanged opinions with Nariki Takizaki, the Director of Southern Asia, and others.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "On 22 November 2018, he was appointed Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. On 27 August 2019, he participated in the 2nd Japan-Maldives Policy Dialogue held in Malé, the capital of Maldives, as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, and exchanged opinions with Shigeki Takizaki, the Director of Southeast and Southwest Asian affairs department. On 4 March 2021, he participated in the 3rd Japan-Maldives Policy Dialogue held in and online video conference format as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and exchanged opinions with Kenichi Kobayashi, the Director-General of Southeast and Southwest Asian Affairs department.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "On 4 October 2021, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Khaleel signed and exchanged letters with Keiko Yanai, Ambassador of Japan to the Maldives, in Malé regarding the Economic and Social Development Plan, a grant aid with a maximum of 400 million yen. On 30 May 2022, a letter was signed and exchanged with Midori Takeuchi, Ambassador of Japan to the Maldives, in Malé regarding the \"Economic and Social Development Plan\" 650 million yen grant aid.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "On 27 September 2022, the funeral of the late Shinzo Abe was held in Tokyo, attended by Foreign Minister Abdulla Shahid, Ambassador to Japan Hassan Sobir, and Deputy Ambassador Mohammad Ameetou Ahmed Manik.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "On 4 April 2023, he participated in the 4th Japan-Maldives Policy Dialogue held in Tokyo as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and exchanged opinions with Yutaka Arima, Director of Southeast and Southwest Asian Affairs department.", "title": "Diplomatic Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jogimatti Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Chitradurga district of Karnataka. The wooded region of Jogimatti is a hill station and is rich in biodiversity. The area is picturesque, and is relatively compact with a wide range of flora and fauna. It is notified through an official notification on 23 December 2015. Jogimatti Sanctuary covers an area of 100.48 km of grasslands and shrub forests, approximately. In the hilly forests of Jogimatti jackals, wolves, sloth bears and leopards roam amidst windmills.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Jogimatti forests are home to one of the few wild surviving endangered leopards. In the hilly forests of Jogimatti, Indian jackals, wolves, sloth bears, porcupines, and jungle cats roam amidst windmills. With its contiguous single-block intersperse of hillocks and plains, the Jogimatti forest is known as ‘Ooty of Dryland’.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "There is a long-standing demand to clearing the proposal of declaring Kappathagudda as a conservation reserve and the state government, after persistent calls from the activists, notified this ecologically-sensitive region as a Wildlife Sanctuary. The hillocks are referred to as Western Ghats of north Karnataka region.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Activists claim that the government has, for long, did not act against illegal mining activities around the Jogimatti wildlife sanctuary. This has posed a serious threat to wildlife, flora and human habitats. A proposal to declare it as eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) is pending from 2019.", "title": "Mining" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "14°09′45″N 76°23′51″E / 14.16250°N 76.39750°E / 14.16250; 76.39750", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Cult Killer is an upcoming American thriller horror film Directed by Jon Keeyes and written by Charles Burnley starring Alice Eve and Antonio Banderas.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In order to clear the name of her mentor (Banderas), a young investigator (Eve) forms an alliance with a serial killer (Hennig).", "title": "Premise" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Written by Charles Burnley, it is directed by Jon Keeyes. The film original had the working title The Last Girl. The film is produced by Jordan Yale Levine, Jordan Beckerman, and Michael J. Rothstein for Yale, as well as Richard Bolger and Conor Barry from Hail Mary Pictures, and Richard Clabaugh.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Alice Eve, Shelley Hennig and Antonio Banderas joined the cast in June 2022.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Principal photography took place in Ireland and was completed in September 2022.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The film is set to be released on 19 January 2024.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Abu Zaabal Specialized Chemicals Company or Military Factory 18, is an Egyptian government joint-stock company, one of the companies of the National Authority for Military Production affiliated with the Ministry of Military Production. It was established in 1950 in the Abu Zaabal area in Qalyubia Governorate. It works in the field of military and civilian industries.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Abu Zaabal Specialized Chemicals Company was established in 1950, and in 1959 the company introduced the manufacture of industrial explosives (dynamite) to meet the needs of mines and quarries, as well as the needs of oil exploration and major construction projects.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "One of the most notable achievements in this field is the High Dam project, which used 12,000 tons of dynamite produced by the company.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Products were developed to keep pace with the requirements of the local market, such as industrial nitrocellulose for the manufacture of paints, pure edible oil (cotton seed, sunflower and natural palm oil, agricultural fertilizers and industrial detergents for various purposes).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Abu Zaabal’s products are at a global level in terms of quality and are ISO 9001 and ISO 45001 certified. The company’s export programs cover the Arab countries, the Middle East region and African countries.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Abu Zaabal Specialized Chemicals Company has specialized technical cadres at a high level, where training courses are conducted in the field of blasting technology.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Northern Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the Northern Ontario women's curling championship, will be held from January 25 to 28 at the NEMI Recreation Complex in Little Current, Ontario. The event will be held in conjunction with the 2024 Northern Ontario Men's Provincial Curling Championship, the provincial men's championship. The winning rink will represent Northern Ontario at the 2024 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Canada's national women's curling championship in Calgary, Alberta.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The teams are listed as follows:", "title": "Teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Source:", "title": "Round robin standings" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "All draws are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Thursday, January 25, 8:00 pm", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Friday, January 26, 2:30 pm", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Friday, January 26, 7:30 pm", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Saturday, January 27, 2:30 pm", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Saturday, January 27, 7:30 pm", "title": "Round-robin results" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Sunday, January 28, 9:30 am or 1:30 pm", "title": "Final" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "", "title": "Final" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Peter Frederick Kelly (7 May 1935 – 2 January 2023) was an international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned one international cap for the England national speedway team.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Kelly, born in Manchester, first appeared in the British leagues in 1959, riding for Yarmouth Bloaters but only began to race regularly for the Stoke Potters during the 1960 Provincial Speedway League season. The following season, he stayed with Stoke but also raced in the top league with Belle Vue Aces.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Kelly raced with Belle Vue and Bradford Panthers in 1962 before sealing a move to Newcastle Diamonds in 1963. At Newcastle, he made significant progress in terms of form from 1963 to 1967 and twice averaged over eight. He helped Newcastle win the 1964 Provincial Speedway League title.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "At the beginning of the 1968 season, Kelly announced his retirement from speedway, largely due to a serious crash he was involved in at Hackney.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "He reversed his decision in 1969, returning to race for Berwick Bandits for three seasons from 1969 to 1971, under the promotion of Liz and Ken Taylor.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Kelly later emigrated to New Zealand, where he died in 2023.", "title": "Biography" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Valparaíso school shootings were two spree shootings that occurred on 17 December 1999, occurring at the B-29 Valparaíso high school and the Eduardo de la Barra Valparaíso high school, both located in Valparaíso, capital of the Valparaíso Region in central Chile. The perpetrator, recently dismissed physics professor Iván Arancibia Navarro, killed three people in total, including his own infant daughter, three-year-old Tamara Arancibia, before attempting to commit suicide with a self-inflicted gunshot. After being rushed to a nearby hospital, he recovered and was eventually declared not guilty by reason of insanity, as he was suffering from a delusional psychosis. Overcome from depression caused by his daughter's death, Arancibia eventually committed suicide in his parents' home in 2011. The incident has been recognized as the first school shooting in Chilean history.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "At approximately 9 AM on 17 December 1999, Iván Arancibia went to the engineering faculty of the Catholic University of Valparaíso to order nearly 200 photocopies of a pamphlet he authored where he claimed to have designed a way to generate free energy using water, which he then distributed among the students of the faculty. After this unusual event episode, which already gave clear signs of his deteriorated mental state, at 11:15 he showed up at the B-29 Valparaíso high school (now known as Bicentennial Valparaíso high school) in Valparaíso, his foemer workplace. That morning, the establishment was being used as one of the venues to take the Academic Aptitude Test, the national University admissions exams in Chile. Arancibia was accompanied by his three-year-old daughter Tamara Arancibia and carried a box wrapped in gift paper.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After being let into the establishment (despite not being supposed to work that day) Arancibia went with his daughter to the office of the school's director, Eliseo Nogué Gutiérrez. After a brief exchange of words, Arancibia extracted a 7.65 mm Lorcin pistol (which he had bought just two weeks before) and a six-round magazine from the package and murdered Nogué with two shots to the chest and one to the head. He then proceeded to also kill his own daughter with a bullet to the chest and another to the head. Virtually no one heard the shots, since Arancibia used a garbage bag as a silencer. Although it is theorized that he killed his daughter after Nogué to avoid \"future suffering\" caused by his father's actions, it is also possible that he murdered her before Nogué to demonstrate that his threats were serious. The corpses of Eliseo Nogué and Tamara Arancibia wouldn't be discovered until 11:40, at which point Arancibia had long left the building.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "At 11:20 Arancibia headed on foot seven blocks towards the Eduardo de la Barra Valparaíso high school, where the headquarters of the Municipal Corporation of Valparaíso (Coordinación Municipal de Valparaíso, CMV) were located. Carrying the same package, he entered the office of the CMV education director, Luis Inocencio Alvear, at 11:30. Repeating the previous method, Arancibia took out the pistol hidden in the gift box and, in front of the horrified officials who were there, killed Inocencio with four bullets at close range, three of them in the chest and one in the head. In the midst of panic and confusion, Arancibia finally broke into the office of the CMV manager, Víctor Quezada, who he pointed at with his pistol. However, upon realizing that he had already used 11 bullets and only had one more left in the magazine, Arancibia decided to commit suicide by shooting himself in his mouth at 11:32. Despite causing serious loss of brain matter, the shot did not kill him and Arancibia managed to recover after spending two months hospitalized at the Carlos van Buren Hospital in Valparaíso, despite losing vision in one eye.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "At the time of the events, then-mayor of Valparaíso Hernán Pinto was in a nearby square, carrying out a Christmas activity with low-income minors. While giving his speech, Pinto jokingly commented, \"What are those baddies doing now?\" after hearing the sirens of police vehicles, mistakenly assuming that the origin of the tumult was due to some farewell trick played by senior students taking their college entrance exams.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "All three victims had a shared funeral on 18 December. Arancibia and Nogué were buried at Valparaíso Cemetery N°3, whereas Inocencio was buried at the El Sendero Park Cemetery.", "title": "Events" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Iván Jesús Arancibia Navarro (12 February 1952 – 27 December 2011) was a Chilean physics teacher and perpetrator of the 1999 Valparaíso school shootings.", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Iván Arancibia was described as an intelligent, introverted, perfectionist, and extremely meticulous man, fond of order and cleanliness, concerned with ethics and traditional values, although he often gave out inappropriate comments, and with a marked superiority complex due to his exceptional intellectual and scientific abilities. Since his youth, he had a withdrawn personality, with a special interest in science, for which he studied physics pedagogy at the Pedagogical Institute, now the Playa Ancha University, of his native Valparaíso. Once graduated, he married the basic teacher Gabriela Chandía, with whom he had three children.", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In 1976, during the military dictatorship, Arancibia went into exile in Sweden, where he worked as a teacher and specialized in systems analysis at the University of Gothenburg, while Chandia stayed in Chile to finish his studies. After a brief stay in Ecuador, he returned to his country in 1989, where, already separated from his wife, he resumed his relationship with Heidi Aguad, a student of pedagogy in natural sciences at the University of Chile in Valparaíso that he met before getting married. Their only daughter, Tamara, would be born in 1996. In 1991, Arancibia joined the teaching staff of the Municipal Corporation of Valparaíso (CMV).", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "As a physics and mathematics teacher, he was characterized by his strict discipline and, above all, by his excessive academic rigor, which had left many of his students with practically unrecoverable grade averages. Due to multiple complaints from students and parents received between June and September 1999, in October of that year the Municipal Corporation of Valparaíso decided to remove Arancibia from his academic functions so that he would begin to perform administrative tasks, as coordinator of the science area. social. Arancibia, however, refused to comply with the decision and filed a complaint with the College of Teachers, as well as an appeal for protection before the Court of Appeals of Valparaíso.", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "On December 16, 1999, one day before the attack, Arancibia appeared at the editorial office of the newspaper La Estrella de Valparaíso (\"The Star of Valparaíso\") to publicly denounce his employment situation. Arancibia declared that he had been \"humiliated\" simply for demanding discipline from his students, and that the director of the educational establishment where he worked had removed him from teaching in contravention of a Labor Inspection ruling in his favor, decreed in November. When the reporter who interviewed him asked him the name of the institution where he worked, Arancibia responded: \"You will know soon.\"", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "On 20 December 1999, while still recovering in the hospital from his suicide attempt, Arancibia was formally arrested and later prosecuted for two counts of homicide and one count of parricide.", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "In May 2000, various psychiatric examinations carried out on Arancibia declared him mentally unfit for trial. Despite the reopening of the case in August 2000 as ordered by the Court of Appeals of Valparaíso, on 7 September 2001, Arancibia was definitively dismissed by Judge Jaquelinne Nash when it was determined that he suffered from a case of delusional psychosis and therefore not guilty by reason of insanity. He was hospitalized for several years in the Dr. Philippe Pinel Psychiatric Hospital in Putaendo, where he was eventually discharged after seven years of treatment.", "title": "Perpetrator" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "After being discharged, he moved to his parents' house, in Viña del Mar. Distraught by the regret of killing his own daughter, something he still felt responsible for, he committed suicide by suffocating with a bag over his head on 27 December 2011. Heidi Aguad reported that she forgave him, that she \"still loved him\" and that \"may God forgive him\".", "title": "Perpetrator" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Color Purple is the 2023 film adaptation of Brenda Russell's 2005 musical which is also based on Alice Walker's 1982 novel of the same name. The second feature adaptation of the novel—first being the 1985 film directed by Steven Spielberg—the film is directed by Blitz Bazawule, with Spielberg producing the film with Quincy Jones (who composed the first film), Scott Sanders and Oprah Winfrey.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Three soundtrack albums were released for the film. The first album, The Color Purple (2023 Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) was released on December 15, 2023, featuring songs from the film's cast members. The second album, The Color Purple (Music From and Inspired by the Motion Picture) is set to be released on December 22, 2023, that would contribute music from popular artists. Both the albums were executive produced by Jones, Sanders and Larry Jackson. The third album, The Color Purple (2023 Original Motion Picture Score), featuring the film's original score composed by Kris Bowers. It is set to be released on December 25, 2023 alongside the film.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Color Purple featured musical performances from the Broadway production and the original 1985 film. Bazawule described the challenging aspect is being \"how to make Broadway music more cinematic\", hence he took the influences of African-American music and transitioned it to gospel, blues and jazz to achieve the same. 13 songs from the musical were not included in the film, whereas the song \"She Be Mine\", which was cut from the musical had been reinstated in the film.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Kris Bowers met Bazawule in late-2021, six months before the film began production. They discussed on whether the score needed to glue with the songs, for which he replied \"Even if the score was going to have its own identity, it was important that we had some sort of tangential connection between the songs and whatever I was writing\". His early involvement was mostly on the process of pre-recording and arranging the songs. Bazawule showed Bowers, several storyboards for the two-hour version of the film so that he could underly the emotional and character-based themes for the film.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "For Mister's (Domingo) theme, he incorporated a banjo which has \"an underlying, eerie texture that represents the twisted internal world for him\". For other characters, most of the score carried their \"internal feelings\" throughout their journey, but in a way that is different from the songs. For Celie's (Fantasia) theme, it had a sense of simplicity and a bit of loneliness in the beginning. The score begins with a sparse note, but as her story grows and she steps into power, it grows into a full blown orchestral sound. He wanted the theme to have the brightness and joy as well as scope and scale to it, especially during the emotional moments. A 22-feet gramaphone has been used as an integral part of the film score.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "At sequences, where Celie and Shug Avery (Henson) celebrated the color purple, the score had to compliment the scene and not to overpower. Hence, he recorded the sequence with close microphones and a smaller ensemble to give an intimate feeling.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On November 10, 2023, Warner Bros. submitted two original songs from the film for award submission as a part of their For Your Consideration campaign; the titles were revealed to be \"Keep It Movin'\" and \"Superpower (I)\". The former was released as a single on November 11, 2023. The song was composed by the record production and songwriting duo Nova Wav, which involeves Denisia Andrews and Brittany Coney, and is produced by Nick Baxter, Stephen Bray, Morten Ristorp and the director himself under the pseudonym \"Blitz the Ambassdor\". Halle Bailey and Phylicia Pearl Mpasi performed the song.", "title": "Releases" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The second single \"Lifeline\" was released on November 27; the same day the soundtrack being announced. Alicia Keys co-wrote and co-produced the song, with Marshmello, Tricky Stewart and production team TMS. It was described by Keys as a \"heartfelt ode to the unequivocal comfort emanating from friends, family, and community that holds us up as we face life's challenging moments.\"", "title": "Releases" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On November 27, WaterTower Music, Warner Records and Gamma Records announced the release of the soundtrack featuring performances from the cast members—Taraji P. Henson, Danielle Brooks, Colman Domingo, Corey Hawkins, H.E.R., Halle Bailey, Phylicia Pearl Mpasi, and Fantasia Barrino. The album featured numbers from both the musical as well as the 1985 film. The album was released on December 15.", "title": "Releases" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Besides the original soundtrack, an \"Inspired by\" album was unveiled by the producers featuring contributions from popular artists such as Alicia Keys, Usher, Mörda, Mary J. Blige, Megan Thee Stallion, Jennifer Hudson, Keyshia Cole, Ludmilla, Jorja Smith, Coco Jones, Mary Mary, Missy Elliott. The album is set to be released on December 22. The album also featured tracks from the first album (1–18) along with the new additions, consisting of around 37 tracks in total.", "title": "Releases" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "The score album to the film composed by Kris Bowers is set to be released by WaterTower Music on December 25, 2023.", "title": "Releases" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Writing for Soul Bounce, D-Money reviewed the soundtrack, saying \"It might all seem a bit overstuffed — and with a runtime nearly as long as the film itself, one could argue that it is — but the hodgepodge approach works in its own way as it offers a little something for everyone to enjoy.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Fred Topel of United Press International said that the songs are \"rousing\" and the choreography being \"energetic\" even in serious numbers.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood wrote \"Kris Bowers has provided an underscore that perfectly suits the action but respects the sound legions of fans of the live show will be expecting.\"", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Carla Renate of TheWrap said that Kris Bowers \"does a wonderful job of marrying a new score with selections from the Broadway production\".", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "In December 2023, the score was shortlisted for Best Original Score at the 96th Academy Awards, as well as Best Original Song for \"Keep It Movin'\" and \"Superpower (I)\".", "title": "Accolades" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII (پی پی-13، راولپنڈى-8) was a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab. This constituency was created after Rawalpindi District gained 1 seat after 2018 Delimitations. After 2023 Delimitations The constituency was abolished after Rawalpindi lost 1 seat.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "From 2018 some areas of PP-6 Rawalpindi-VIII Become PP-13 Rawalpindi-VIII With Some changes has follow (a) Gorakh Pur Qanungo Halqas of Rawalpindi Tehsil (b)The following Qanungo Halqas of Chaklala Cantonment (1) Charge No.4,(2) Morgah (3) Kotha Kalan (4) Topi and (5) Chaklala-I of Rawalpindi District.", "title": "2018 Elections" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "General elections are scheduled to be held on 25 July 2018.", "title": "2018 Elections" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The men's 60 kg competition of the judo events at the 2023 Parapan American Games was held on November 20 at the Contact Sports Center (Centro de Entrenamiento de los Deportes de Contacto) in Santiago, Chile. A total of 10 athletes from 9 NOC's competed.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tsotne Patsatsia (Georgian: ცოტნე ფაცაცია; born 28 March 2000) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Erovnuli Liga club Dinamo Batumi.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Patsatsia has won the top Georgian league and received the Goal of the Year award.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Patsatsia started his professional career at Liga 2 club Merani Martvili where he spent five seasons. At age 17, he made a debut as a substitute in a 5–0 away win against Guria.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On 27 November 2018, Patsatsia scored his first goal in a 2–0 home win over Merani Tbilisi. Around the same time, he took part in two matches for Georgia U19s in 2019 European Championship qualifiers.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After the 2018 season, Patsatsia was loaned to Gagra. In early 2020, the player rejoined Merani who made an unsuccessful attempt to advance to the Erovnuli Liga via playoffs a year later.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In January 2023, Merani announced that their head coach and twelve players, including Patsatsia, would leave the club following a financial crisis. The player moved to Shukura Kobuleti and in his very first top-league game netted from the penalty spot against Dinamo Batumi. He bagged an equalizer in the second match as well against the same opponents, although in both cases Shukura failed to claim a point. Overall, he scored seven times for the bottom-placed team.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Patsatsia's performance on the pitch drew attention from Dinamo Batumi who signed him during the summer transfer window.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The last of the three goals that Patsatsia scored for his new club was a 57m wonder strike from his own half, which sealed not only a 3–0 victory over Telavi, but also champion's fate in favour of Dinamo Batumi. At the end of this season, Patsatsia was announced the winner of the Goal of the Year award.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Dinamo Batumi", "title": "Honours" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Erovnuli Liga (1): 2023", "title": "Honours" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Erovnuli Liga Goal of the Year award: 2023", "title": "Honours" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Memory (1924) is an 8-foot-tall bronze sculpture of a woman by Cyrus E. Dallin located in the Sherborn War Memorial in Sherborn, Massachusetts' Central Cemetery.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The sculpture depicts a female figure of Memory standing with her right hand held to her cheek in contemplation. Her left arm holds a World War I Doughboy helmet encircled by a laurel wreath. She is standing in a contrapposto position wearing a high-wasted robe. This posture in dress combined with the viewers position looking up at the work places prominence on the hips.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The sculpture rests atop a granite plinth in an impressive granite exedra of New Hampshire Granite designed by Boston architect William Ware Dinsmore. Immediately behind the sculpture is a tall wall with two benches embedded in lower walls on either side. Six bronze plaques with the names of town residents who died in defense of their country from as early as King Philip's War through World War I. Among the sixteen American Civil War casualties are two men from the 54 Massachusetts Regiment. That regiment is honored in the Shaw Memorial by Augustus Saint-Gaudens in Boston.", "title": "Description" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "William Bradford Homer Dowse, a town resident and prominent lawyer, businessman and philanthropist, funded the sculpture to honor the men of Sherborn who died in wars from 1676-1918. The statue and monument were dedicated on October 14, 1924 at a ceremony marking the town’s 250th anniversary.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2017 the town received a grant from the Massachusetts Preservation Projects Fund to restore the statue as light green copper sulfate corrosion was visible on the head and hands with black copper sulfide settling into the garment folds. The restoration left the statue with a uniform dark bronze color that makes discerning the sculptural details challenging.", "title": "History" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Kim In-sik ( Korean : 김인식 ) is a politician from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). He served as Vice Premier of North Korea, Chairman of the Capital Construction Committee, and member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "His place and date of birth are unknown. He graduated from Kimchaek University of Technology, and was subsequently appointed deputy director of the General Bureau of Capital Construction in 1991. He was elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea at the 3rd Party Representative Meeting of the Workers' Party of Korea held on September 28, 2010. When Kim Jong Il passed away on December 17, 2011, he was elected as a member of the National Funeral Commission.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "At the 5th Session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly held on April 13, 2012, he was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of the Cabinet and Chairman of the Capital Construction Commission. He was not elected as a delegate to the 13th Supreme People's Assembly on March 9, 2014, and was dismissed as Vice Premier of North Korea and Chairman of the Capital Construction Committee in April of the same year.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Category:North Korean communistsCategory:Members of the 6th Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Women's Liberation House, also known simply as Women's House, was the headquarters for the Women's Liberation Movement and epicentre for organizing around issues impacting women in Sydney and across Australia from the late-1960s through the 1990s.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The Women's Liberation Movement in Sydney can be traced to 1969, when Australian and recently arrived American women began meeting in groups in the inner suburbs of Glebe and Balmain to discuss feminist and leftist political ideas arriving to Australia through contacts and publications with the Women's Liberation Movement in the United States.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In Glebe, the group of feminists included an American filmmaker, Martha Ansara, recently arrived from Boston via California, Australians Sandra Hawker, Margaret Elliot and another American, Coonie Sandford, the latter two recently returned to Sydney from the United States.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "They decided to host a meeting to discuss Women's Liberation and an anti-Vietnam demonstration on 15 December 1969, distributed a pamphlet they had prepared titled Only the Chains Have Changed to announce \"inaugural\" public meeting of Sydney Women's Liberation for 14 January 1970. The embryonic group of feminists in Glebe was the core of the collective responsible for setting up Women's Liberation House in 1970 at its first location at 67 Glebe Point Road, in a residential property made available by another early Sydney feminist, Barbara Levy.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The front room of the house was used as a meeting room for discussion, behind which was a periodicals room containing radical and feminist magazines and pamphlets, many from the United States and brought to Sydney's Women House by Martha Ansara and the other Americans.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Women's House quickly became the hub for information and organizing around radical and feminist issues and activism in Sydney. The House welcomed women of a variety of walks of life and left-wing political persuasions, including anarchist libertarians, communists and socialists, working-class and middle-class women, straight and lesbian, white, aboriginal and mixed-race women. All were invited to join the Women's Liberation Movement, to attend the meetings of other women's groups meeting there, or to participate in \"consciousness-raising\" sessions at which they could open up and share their personal experiences of being women.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The Glebe Point Road location was also where Sydney's first Women's Liberation newsletter, MeJane, was edited and composed by hand using dry-transfer Letraset typeface and graphical elements, then printed and distributed by volunteers throughout Sydney neighbourhoods. The first issue was launched in March 1971.", "title": "Founding" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "By end-1971, some 16 different Women's Liberation groups had been formed across Sydney and the activities at Women's House had outgrown the Glebe Point Road premises.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "In Spring 1972, members of the collective located suitable new premises in an old, two-story building at 25 Alberta Street, just south of Sydney's Hyde Park. Using proceeds from the March 1972 International Women's Day event to cover the rent, Women's House opened in its new location in May 1972.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Over the next four years, the Alberta Street location became the heartbeat of the women's movement in Sydney. It was the locus of activism for radical feminist women and organizations, a hub of activism attracting the likes of veteran campaigners Joyce Stevens, Mavis Robertson and Bessie Guthrie, as well as young feminist university students, activists and aspiring muckraking journalists, like Wendy Bacon and Anne Summers.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Dozens of newly formed feminist activist groups worked from Women's House at 25 Alberta Street, including the Women's Abortion Action Campaign group, which in October 1972 organized a \"Women's Speak Out for Abortion\" meeting, gathering women at Women's House to talk about their own personal experiences with pregnancy termination.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "During early 1973, meetings were held every Monday evening at Women's House to launch a “Women’s Commission” congress, to bring together in Sydney in March an estimated 600 women of a range of backgrounds and political affiliations across two days of discussion on a variety of issues of importance to feminists.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Immediately following a pro-abortion protest march through Sydney streets at end-June, Stevens and other organizers gathered activists at Women's House to plan the Control Abortion Referral Service collective, which launched in July and for the next four years operated on a part-time basis from Women's House, with counsellors helping women seeking contraception advice, pregnancy testing and safe and affordable options for pregnancy termination.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In addition to the Women's Abortion Action Campaign (WAAC), other established and ad-hoc activist groups organized a plethora of meetings and events from Women's House in the early years, including \"Theory and Action\" discussion groups, protests over treatment meted out to young women at the Parramatta Girls Taining School, an Alternative Trade Women's Union (ACTU) conference and establishment of a Women's Trade Union Action (WTUA) committee referral service at Women's House, providing advice on \"job problems, inquiries about awards, wages, conditions, union rules, etc.\"", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "A landmark national Feminism/Socialism Conference in 1974 also was organized out of Sydney's Women's House, as was the National Conference on Abortion and Contraception that took place in Sydney on 14–15 June 1975.", "title": "25 Alberta Street" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "In March 1976, the Women's Liberation Movement announced that as the Alberta Street premises had become \"too small for all the demands put on it,\" Women's House would be moving yet again, this time purchasing a newly renovated house near the Central Railway station, promising a large meeting room, several offices and a shopfront to better serve the feminist community. Women's House moved in July 1976 to the new premises at 62 Regent Street, at the corner of Redfern Road in Chippendale.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "The Control abortion referral service also relocated to the Chippendale premises and in early 1977 it's waning part-time service was reinvigorated with the help of feminist healthworkers who had resigned in December 1976 in protest over conditions at two clinics run by Australia's largest abortion provider at the time, Population Services International.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Former PSI staffers Margaret Hooks, Rosemary Elliot, Dr. Margaret Taylor and others joined feminist reproductive-rights advocate Lynne Hutton-Williams in approaching the Control collective to help it vet abortion doctors in the greater Sydney area using criteria that included their willingness to incorporate counselling as an essential part of their services. They also increased Control's staffing so the referral service could provide full-time information and counselling, five days and three nights per week, to women seeking advice on abortion, pregnancy, single parent families and contraception.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "Women's House would remain at the new premises until 1987, with the collective providing space for feminist activists fighting against the conservative Liberal government's cuts to welfare benefits impacting services for women and children, WAAC extending its work on contraception and abortion services to immigrant and marginalized women, alternative union activism for women via the Working Women's Charter Campaign and efforts to rally and inform women to activism through the launch of Rouge, a national feminist newspaper produced at the Women's House premises.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "By 1979, however, Women's House was facing financial issues, launching a call for more support and beginning a series of annual fetes to help raise money to keep the space operational. At the same time, priorities in the women's movement were clearly shifting and with Women's House the locus of planning activities for a second Sydney WLM conference, the theme of the conference was \"What do we want and how do we get it?\", speaking volumes about the transition the movement was experiencing.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "After 1980 federal elections saw the conservative coalition government of Malcolm Fraser cling to a third term, the focus of organizing at women's House was squarely on mitigating high unemployment rates among women and the impact of ongoing budget cuts to social services. The emphasis was clear in the 1982 IWD theme settled on by organizers working out of Women's House: \"Cuts to women's services, child care, health centres, refuges and attacks on women's right to abortion\".", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Campaigning against anti-abortion groups, the WAAC continuing to organize from the Regent Street premises. The centre also regularly hosted Socialist Lesbian group meetings and lent its space to \"Women Behind Bars\" for organizing around its \"Empty Mulawa - No New Gaols\" campaign.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "The 1983 election of a Labor government under Bob Hawke held out promise of relief for the most vulnerable in society. But, Labor dropped protectionism in favour of globalization, deregulated banking and finance and restructured the role of trade unions, while failing to fully restore social services impacting women to their pre-Fraser levels.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "Dislocations in the economy in the 1980s were accompanied by polarization of society and there was a strong backlash against progressive organizations and movements. Along with other progressive groups, in the mid-1980s Women's House became the target of far-right attacks, which included burglaries and theft of files, documents and mailing lists, as well as vandalism to the property's facade and threatening phone calls.", "title": "Regent Street, Chippendale" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "Dwindling support and the attacks took their toll and in 1988 Women's House moved from the Regent Street premises, working from temporary locations until it relocated to 63 Palace Street, Petersham in March 1989.", "title": "Palace Street, Petersham" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Over the next seven years, the WLM organized from the Petersham premises against efforts by Right to Life groups and hostile legislators to undermine abortion rights, mobilized to combat insecurity and violence against women, and continued to host talks and conferences at Women's House to educate women in the areas of Feminist Theory and Lesbian Studies.", "title": "Palace Street, Petersham" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "In 1997, after an accidental fire destroyed the Petersham premises, Women's House moved to premises at 43 Bedford Street in Newtown, with Lesbian Line, Women's Incest Survivor Network (WISN) and Lesbian Space Inc, sharing the new premises with WAAC and the Sydney Women's Liberation Newsletter.", "title": "Bedford Street, Newtown" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Trumpchi E8 is an plug-in hybrid minivan produced by Chinese automobile manufacturer GAC Group and sold under the Trumpchi brand since 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Renderings of the Trumpchi E8 were first revealed online in August 2023. It is the plug-in hybrid version of the hybrid Trumpchi M7, which has not yet been officially revealed as of 2023 but has been shown in MIIT documents prior to the E8's reveal. The E8 went on sale in China in December 2023.", "title": "Overview" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Trumpchi E8 is available in both the PRO and MAX trims. Both trim models are powered by a 2.0L hybrid engine which has an output of 103 kW (138 hp) and 180 N⋅m (130 lb⋅ft) of torque and a motor powered by a 25.57kWh ternary lithium battery pack that produces 134 kW (180 hp) and 300 N⋅m (220 lb⋅ft) of torque. Its China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC) electric range is 150 km (93 mi) with its combined range exceeding 1,200 km (750 mi).", "title": "Specifications" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Sacred Heart Church (Spanish: Iglesia del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús), also known as the Church of the Orphans (Spanish: Iglesia de los Huérfanos), is a Catholic church dedicated to the Sacred Heart, located at the intersection of Jirón Azángaro and Jirón Apurímac in the historic centre of Lima, Peru.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The first chapel in the area was built at the beginning of the 17th century and was financed by the Spanish Luis de Ojeda, known as 'Luis Pecador'. In its origins it was linked to the shelter of orphans, hence its name and its dedication to the Virgin of Atocha. In 1612 this was elevated to the category of vice-parish. In 1657 the church was intervened but the nature of the changes made is unknown. The temple appears with a different and inverse layout with the current one in the plan of the Mercedarian Pedro Nolasco Mere de 1685. It had a double-sided coverage on a wooden framework. The earthquakes of 1687 devastated the structure.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Since the earthquakes and during the first decades of the 18th century, the site was used as a warehouse for carriages and as a stable. In 1742 the land changed hands and it was decided to build a new church designed whose dimensions coincide with those of the current one, and which was by Manuel de Torquemada and built by Cristóbal de Vargas. The earthquake of 1746 caused the collapse of this second structure, which had been completed that same year. Despite the destruction, there are indications that the current construction has the same plans as that of that time. The temple was inaugurated on April 6, 1766. The design is attributed to the Jesuit priest Juan Rehr [es].", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It is the only Catholic temple in Peru and Latin America with an elliptical plan, similar to that of the Catholic temples of Austria. It is in the Rococo limeño style, with late Baroque ornamentation. It has a light blue vaulted roof, from the beginning of its construction, which sought to imitate the nuances of the sky.", "title": "Architecture" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "The main door on the main façade is flanked between twin bell towers. These have an octagonal plan on which there is a drum with the same shape that rests on four pillars. They also have a balustrade over the entablature.", "title": "Architecture" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The façade is composed of two bodies. The first is made of stone and contains the entrance opening, pilasters and a frieze with triglyphs and metopes in the Corinthian style. The second is characterized by the counterpoint between curved and straight lines, which gives rise to binary pilasters, pinnacles and an oblong elliptical window, above which is the single niche on the façade, which contains the effigy of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Due to the contrast between the bodies, the church harbors stylistic similarities with the Panteón de los Próceres and the Colegio Máximo de San Pablo in Lima [es], and due to the use of multiple binary pilasters with the church of San Pedro. For its part, the side cover is from the 19th century and its design is neoclassical.", "title": "Architecture" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The interior is made up of the subchoir, the nave and the presbytery, with the addition on the right side of a baptistery that evokes the main façade of the Saint Thomas Aquinas School [es]. Around the curvature there are four shallow niche chapels.", "title": "Architecture" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Denis Noel Ingoldsby (born 28 June 1959) is an British music manager and executive producer known as the original music manager of the girl group Eternal and the co-founder of the music management company First Avenue Management. He acted as executive producer for the band t.A.T.u. and Michael Jackson. In 2007, his son Kes Ingoldsby was cleared of murder, as a jury determined that Ingoldsby had acted in self-defence.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Red Baron Airport Airpark is an airpark and private airport in Oasis, Idaho. It is owned by Red Baron Estates Pilots & HOA, located on Red Baron Estates, and named after the Red Baron. Just south of I-84, 1id4 is 20.7 nautical miles SE from Boise Airport (BOI) and 16.1 nautical miles north of Mountain Home Air Force Base (MUO). As of 2023-12-20 there have been no arrivals for a year.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Srijon Chowdhury (b. 1987) is an American contemporary Surrealist painter who combines realism and symbolism with mythology to create his works. Chowdhury lives and works in Los Angeles.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Srijon Chowdhury was born in Bangladesh. In 2009, Chowdhury received his Bachelors in Studio Art from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities and his Masters in Fine Art in 2013 from Otis College of Art and Design.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Chowdhury's work characteristically includes art historical references, often incorporating religion, myth, and symbolism. His themes include poetry, the Bible and the occult. Chowdhury's historical references have included inclusion of poetry (William Blake), subjects inspired by Medieval Manuscripts, and references to a proposed architectural structure by 16th-century philosopher Giulio Camillo.", "title": "Work and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The paintings of Chowdhury are considered to be vanitas (“vanity” in Latin) many showing the transience of life and the certainty of death.", "title": "Work and career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2022, Chowdhury had his debut solo museum exhibition at the Frye Museum in Seattle, Washington.", "title": "Work and career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 3rd Carmen Awards ceremony, presented by the Andalusian Film Academy, will take place on 3 February 2024 at Huelva's Casa Colón [es].", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In November 2023, during the Huelva Ibero-American Film Festival, Huelva was announced as the host city. In December 2023, actor José Luis Gómez was announced as the recipient of the Carmen Honorary Award. Nominations were read by director-producer Remedios Málvarez and actor Vicente Vergara on 20 December 2023.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The nominations are listed as follows:", "title": "Nominations" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Pīr Ḥusayn (died late 1379) was Emir of Erzincan from 1362 until his death. He was originally the ruler of Karahisar and arrived in Erzincan on 8 June 1362 and succeeded Ahī Ayna, who died on 2–3 July 1362 reportedly as a shahīd (martyr). In Abū Bakr Quṭbī's Ta'rīkh-i taqwīm, Pīr Ḥusayn is mentioned as an emīr-zāda (lit. 'son of an emir') directly following the statement about Ahī Ayna's demise, hinting at the possibility he was Ahī Ayna's son.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Pīr Ḥusayn's ascendance to the throne was not straightforward as Erzincan was in the midst of a civil war. He \"gained independence\" on 10 July, having clashed with emirs opposing to his rule, who eventually fled to Bayburt and Tercan. On 11 September, he gained control of Bayburt after a 32-day siege.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Although there is a coin specimen minted in Erzincan for ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn 'Ali dating back to 1366, Pīr Ḥusayn most likely exercised further autonomy, especially following the temporary political vacuum caused by Ghiyath al-Dīn Muhammad I's death in 1365. However, there aren't any sufficient accounts of the period until Pīr Ḥusayn's death in 1379.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "A copy of Rumi's Masnavī prepared by Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn al-Mawlawī in January–February 1373 probably in Erzincan for \"Tāj al-Dīn Shaykh Ḥusayn Beg\" is attributed to Pīr Ḥusayn's patronage.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Richanda Rhoden (1917-2016) was a Native-American painter, socialite, and New York icon best known as the wife of famed artist, John Rhoden. Rhoden is known for incorporating Native-American symbols and mythology into her work. Her career only began posthumously with Rhoden's first solo exhibition / tribute curated by neighbor and friend, Emily Weiner (cofounder of Soloway Gallery).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Rhoden (née Phillips) was half Cherokee and half Menominee. Her parents met in Pennsylvania at the Indian Industrial School. Richenda was named after Richard Henry Pratt, the founder of the school. Richenda was given the name Paytoemahtamo, a Menominee name which means great woman.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Her father went to Northwestern law school and later became the 1st Native-American judge in Washington State and later the mayor of Aberdeen.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Richanda attended the University of Washington in Seattle, where she met college sweetheart, Lawrence Lew Kay, whom she married and who subsequently died in WWII. Wanting a new start, Richanda decided to move to New York city to attend Columbia University and pursue a Master's Degree in Asian Art. While at Columbia, she met John Rhoden, a rising artist star from Birmingham, Alabama.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 1951, Richanda gave up her studies to follow John to Italy for his Fulbright Fellowship. The couple never had children and travelled extensively for John's art career.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In 1960, the Rhoden's decided to purchase a converted livery stable, built in 1899, and located at 23 Cranberry Street, Brooklyn, New York in the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood of New York. Rumor has it that Isamu Noguchi was also interested in the building, but that the Rhoden's purchased it before him.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "After moving to New York, Rhoden became a neighborhood legend. While her husband John was managing a successful career, Rhoden began curating and developing exhibitions held in the living room of her apartment.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Rhoden is also credited with starting the Cranberry Street Fair which earned her a nomination from her neighbors for \"New Yorker of the Week\" on the local television network.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Towards the end of her life, Rhoden began to use a wheelchair. With her limited mobility, she decided to convert the frieght elevator of her house into her studio. She died only four months before her 100th birthday.", "title": "Life and Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "By all accounts Rhoden was a prolific artist, painting every single day of her life. The subjects of Richenda's paintings are often sacred geometry, animals, and nature and were informed by her Native-American culture often including layers of Native-American mythology and folklore.", "title": "Art Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "It is unlcear how often Rhoden exhibited her work, but archives of her life with her husband point to the couple often exhibiting together abroad during their travels.", "title": "Art Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "After Rhoden's death, Soloway Gallery decided to stage a solo / tribute exhibition of Rhoden's work. The gallery's curated selections highlighted the ways in the which Rhoden's work both was, and was not, positioned during her lifetime.The paintings selected were in the vein of abstract impressionism completed mostly between the 50's and 80s, but with a highly contemporary feel. Most all of the works are in oil, are untitled, and undated which curator, Emily Weiner, was able to save from the Rhoden's heirless estate.", "title": "Art Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "The show is important in that Rhoden included the use of Native-American imagery in her works. In Untitled (Bear), (c. 1970) a towering bear highlights the myths included in both Cherokee and Menominee culture. For the Cherokee, the bear was something to be feared. A violent enemy. For the Menominee, the bear is more akin to ancestors. In Rhoden's depiction, the viewer is tasked with ascertaining whether the bear is meant to protect or devour.", "title": "Art Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In a review of the show by Art Forum, writer Mira Dayal illustrates the absence of Rhoden's work from public consumption quite clearly when she states \"[the] images evoke the constraints of interiority, protection, and domesticity that bound Rhoden’s work from circulation.\" Rhoden spent much of her life supporting her husband's career.", "title": "Art Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Of Rhodan's work, Dayal is quick to mention that the works fall between \"exuberant and tortured\" and that the visitor is surrounded by Rhoden's fragmented and \"hallucinatory visions\" often portrayed in signature pastel hazes and in \"fleshy pinks, oranges and jaundiced yellows.\"", "title": "Art Career" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup (official: BMW IBU World Cup Biathlon) will be a multi-race series over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union (IBU). It will be the 48th official edition for men and 43rd edition for women of the highest international race series in biathlon.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The season will start on 30 November 2024 in Kontiolahti, Finland and will end on 23 March 2025 in Oslo Holmenkollen, Norway.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The highlight of the season will be the 2025 Biathlon World Championships in Lenzerheide, Switzerland, whose results are not included in the World Cup standings (except for the national standings).", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "All 10 locations hosting world cup events in this season (including Leznerheide – venue of the World Championships).", "title": "Map of world cup hosts" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "World Championships", "title": "Map of world cup hosts" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Table showing the World Cup podium places (gold–1st place, silver–2nd place, bronze–3rd place) by the countries represented by the athletes.", "title": "Podium table by nation" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The table shows the number of points won in the 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup for men and women. Relay events do not impact individual rankings.", "title": "Points distribution" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "The following notable biathletes are expected to be retired during or after the 2024–25 season:", "title": "Retirements" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "George Curtis (February 23, 1796 – January 9, 1856), was an American banker and politician who served as Speaker of the Rhode Island House of Representatives from 1837 to 1839.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Curtis was born in Worcester, Massachusetts on February 23, 1796. He was the eldest son of David Curtis and Susannah (née Stone) Curtis.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "His paternal grandparents were Elizabeth (née Heywood) Curtis and John Curtis of Worcester, a direct descendant of soldier and politician Ephraim Curtis (himself a nephew of Ephraim Curtis, the prominent colonial soldier who fought in King Philip's War). His maternal grandparents were Dorothy (née Fletcher) Stone and Lt. Samuel Stone of Rutland, Massachusetts.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Curtis began his banking career with J.B. Wood in Providence, Rhode Island before becoming cashier of the Exchange Bank of Providence at the age of twenty-three. In 1835, he became treasurer of the Providence and New York Transportation Company, the first steamship and railroad transport company operating between New York City and Boston.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "While in Providence, he served as a member of the Providence school committee from 1828 to 1837, Warden of the Second Ward of Providence; President of the Common Council from 1834 to 1837, Representative from Providence to the General Assembly from May 1832 to October 1832 and, again, in August 1835, serving through January 1839. In October 1837, he was chosen Speaker of the Assembly and served in that role until January 1839 when he moved to New York. From June 1836 to May 1837, he was also a bank commissioner.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Upon the formation of the Bank of Commerce of New York in 1839, he moved to New York City and became cashier of the Bank, holding that position until 1852 when he resigned to become the senior partner of the private banking house of Curtis, Beals & Fearing.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "In 1854, upon the formation of the Continental Bank of New York, he was became president of the bank, holding that position until his death in 1856. In 1841, he was elected a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce of which he served as First Vice-president from 1854 until his death. He was heavily involved in the establishment of the New York Clearing House Association in 1853, of which he drafted the constitution, which was adopted in 1854. In that organization, he served as chairman of various committees. He was a trustee of several public and private trusts in New York and served as a member of the finance committee and vice-president of the New England Society of New York for a number of years.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On March 6, 1821, Curtis was first married to Mary Elizabeth Burrill (1798–1826), a daughter of U.S. Senator James Burrill Jr. and Sally (née Arnold) Burrill. Before her death in July 1826, they were the parents of:", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "On April 3, 1834, he remarried to Julia Bowen Bridgham (1810–1874), the daughter of Elizabeth (née Paine) Bridgham and Samuel W. Bridgham, the first mayor of Providence, Rhode Island who had previously served as Attorney General of Rhode Island (succeeding James Burrill Jr.), and chancellor of Brown University. Before his death, they were the parents of:", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Curtis died in Jacksonville, Florida, where he had gone with his wife and youngest son to restore his health, on January 9, 1856. His body was returned to Providence where he was buried in the North Burial Ground there. His widow died in New York City in December 1874.", "title": "Personal life" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Through his son Edward, he was a grandfather of artist Constance Curtis, and authors George De Clyver Curtis, and Natalie Curtis, a prominent ethnomusicologist (who married artist Paul Burlin).", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Khouzestan Oxin Steel company (Persian: شرکت فولاد اکسین خوزستان) is an Iranian steel company that produces various types of steel sheets needed to manufacture storage tanks for petroleum products and other steel products. Oxin Steel was founded in 2005 and began mass production in 2009. Currently, the company's production capacity is equivalent to one million tons of steel products per year. The company's head office and manufacturing plant are located in Ahvaz. From 2009 to 2021, the company's annual production was about 700,000 tons, while its stated capacity is one million and 50 thousand tons.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In response to the need and completion of the supply chain for industries requiring wide steel sheets and heat treatment operations such as oil, gas, petrochemicals, marine industries and machinery manufacturing, as well as to meet the needs of Iran’s strategic industrial products, Khouzestan Oxin Steel Company was established in 2005. The company started mass production in 2009. After its establishment from 2005 to 2008, the plant installation operations took place. In 2009, the plant was launched and started operating, and in 2010, mass production began. In 2012, it surpassed the production threshold of 600 thousand tons. Also in 2013, it launched heat treatment furnaces and production of specialty products, and was introduced by the Iran Standards Organization as the top steel company in the country. Organizational values, quality focus, teamwork, meritocracy, customer orientation, continuous improvement and social responsibility are considered as this company's organizational values.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "53% of the products manufactured by this company are used in oil and gas transmission lines, more than 30% are related to companies producing pressure vessels and tanks for oil and gas storage, and about 10% are used in building materials. The nominal capacity of Oxin Steel Company is one million and 50 thousand tons per year. The nominal production capacity of sheets in this company is announced to be 1,050 thousand tons per year, about 210 thousand tons of which have the possibility of heat treatment operations. The raw material consumed in this company is steel slabs supplied from continuous casting steel plants. The dimensions of these steel slabs are 110 to 130 millimeters in thickness, 1,200 to 2,200 millimeters in width and 3,000 to 4,500 millimeters in length.", "title": "Products" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Tatyana Ivanovna Lebedeva (Russian: Татьяна Ивановна Лебедева; 1850–1887) was a Russian Narodnik revolutionary. A member of the executive committee of Narodnaya Volya, she participated in the assassination of Alexander II of Russia and was tried during the Trial of the 20.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Tatyana Lebedeva was born in 1850, in the town of Bogorodsk. She spent her early life living with her brother Peter, the local judge of the Zamoskvorechye District. Radical activists, such as members of the Chaikovsky Circle, frequently gathered at their house. Before long, Lebedeva had herself joined the Narodniks. She taught at workers' schools, distributed radical literature and organised workers.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lebedeva was arrested for the first time on June 1874, along with her sister-in-law Vera, on charges of propaganda. She was convicted in 1877, during the Trial of the 193. She then met Mikhail Frolenko, who she later married. In 1879, Lebedeva joined the executive committee of the terrorist organization Narodnaya Volya. That same year, she began planning an assassination attempt in Odesa. In December 1880, she participated in the robbery of a bank in Chișinău.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 1881, she took part in the assassination of Alexander II, helping to construct and lay a land mine under Saint Petersburg's Malaya Sadovaya Street. After the arrest of Mikhail Frolenko, Lebedeva attempted to secure a prison visit for his mother and visited her constantly, despite the risk of her own arrest. Frolenko himself remembered that she \"[took] so little shelter that it looked as if she wished to be arrested\". She was finally arrested on 3 September 1881.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "She was tried as part of the Trial of the 20, during which Frolenko reported that she had confessed to her role in the production of the bomb, despite no informant being aware of her part in the assassination. Frolenko explained this behaviour as her being \"afraid that she would not be spared and would not be released from the death penalty. She did not want to lag behind her comrades and she did her best to help the judges to hang her together with the others.\" She was found guilty of regicide and sentenced to penal labour for an indefinite period. Her health rapidly deteriorated during her time in the prison camps of Siberia. She died in 1887, in the Kara katorga.", "title": "Biography" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Lebedeva served as the inspiration for the character of Tanya Repina, in Sergey Stepnyak-Kravchinsky's 1889 novel Andrei Kozhukhov. After her death, terrorist attacks continued throughout the Russian Empire. During the Russian Revolution of 1905, revolutionaries in her home town of Bogorodsk disarmed the police, organized tax noncompliance and forebade local clerks from working. After the establishment of the Soviet Union, Lebedeva was condemned by a secretary of the Communist Party committee in Bogorodsk: \"she killed a good tsar, is it worth keeping her memory alive?\" Her childhood home was later destroyed and replaced with a bathhouse.", "title": "Legacy" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The following is a list of speakers of the Arizona House of Representatives since statehood.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Russian Wikipedia blackout was a temporary shutdown of the Russian Wikipedia on July 10, 2012, in protest against the amendments to the law \"On the Protection of Children from Information Harmful to their Health and Development\" being considered in the Russian State Duma, as well as to draw public attention to Russian Internet Restriction Bill . On the day after the blackout, the title page of Russian Wikipedia displayed an information banner calling for opposition to the adoption of this bill.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Russian Internet Restriction Bill was introduced to the State Duma on June 7, 2012, and was already passed in the first reading on July 6, despite the proposal of the Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights to withdraw it from consideration. By the second reading, deputies made some amendments. On July 11, the bill was adopted by the State Duma in the second and third readings unanimously, and was approved by the Federation Council on July 18. On July 28, the relevant Federal Law of the Russian Federation N139-FZ was finally adopted and signed by President Vladimir Putin, entering into force upon publication in Rossiyskaya Gazeta on July 30, 2012.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The decision to blackout was made on the eve of the anticipated second reading of the bill. To make the decision to blackout, a discussion was held on Russian Wikipedia. The corresponding press release emphasized that \"these amendments may become the basis for real censorship on the Internet...\". The action was supported by several Internet resources, including the three other language sections of Wikipedia (Italian, Bashkir and Yakutian), the blog platform Live Journal, the social network VKontakte, the search engine Yandex, the wiki site Lurkmore, the imageboard 2ch.so and the Runet citation site Bash.im. Words of solidarity were also expressed by official representatives of a number of Internet companies, who expressed concern that \"there was no real discussion of the bill either in the expert community or in the authorities,\" calling on lawmakers to postpone the adoption of the bill and to carry out its serious revision.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "The Russian Wikipedia blackout was preceded by the Italian Wikipedia blackout on October 4, 2011, and the English Wikipedia blackout on January 18, 2012.", "title": "Previous blackouts" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Italian Wikipedia went on blackout in protest against the DDL intercettazioni bill being considered in the country's parliament. The bill would make it mandatory to correct or remove from the Internet any information deemed damaging to one's reputation, without even needing a court order or a formal order from law enforcement. During the blackout, going to any page on the Italian Wikipedia redirected to the relevant statement (Italian). The Wikimedia Foundation announced support for the Italian section on the same day. In total, the petition has been viewed more than 8 million times.", "title": "Previous blackouts" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "The English Wikipedia was temporarily shut down on January 18, 2012, joining the actions of opponents of the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and Protect Intellectual Property Act (PIPA) bills being debated in the U.S. Congress. The main reason for the protests was the wording of the proposed laws, which toughen measures to stop copyright infringement outside the United States. According to the protesters, some provisions of these laws were overly rigid or vague, and their application in practice could cause serious harm to Freedom of speech on the internet, the Internet community, and Websites whose content is created by visitors. In protest of SOPA and PIPA, some websites, such as the English Wikipedia, Mojang AB, and the social news site Reddit, have disabled access to their pages for periods ranging from 12 to 24 hours. Other websites, such as Google, Mozilla, and several sections of Wikipedia in other languages (including Russian), posted banners on their pages protesting the bills and urging visitors to oppose the passage of SOPA and PIPA by the U.S. Congress. A number of major IT companies, including Twitter, Facebook, EBay, and Kaspersky Lab, also spoke out against the bills. The goal of the protests was achieved: the very next day, 18 U.S. Senators out of 100, including 11 of the bill's sponsors, announced that they no longer supported the bill, making its passage by Congress virtually impossible.", "title": "Previous blackouts" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On June 7, 2012, the draft Federal Law of the Russian Federation \"On Amendments to the Federal Law \"On Protection of Children from Information Harmful to their Health and Development\" and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation on Restricting Access to Illegal Information on the Internet\" was submitted to the State Duma. This draft law envisages the introduction of provisions into federal laws implying the creation of an information system \"Unified Registry of Domain Names...\", which would allow to restrict access to Internet sites containing illegal information. A number of experts have expressed fears that this bill will be used to censor the Internet.", "title": "Russian Internet Restriction Bill" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On July 9, 2012, at 15:30 (UTC), two Russian Wikipedia users initiated a poll called \"Strike against censorship in Runet\". The organizers proposed to close access to Russian Wikipedia for 24 hours from midnight on July 10. As a sign of protest \"against the introduction of censorship in Runet\" it was supposed to redirect users to the press release about the blackout. The choice of date was explained by the fact that on July 10 the bill was scheduled for consideration in the second reading, although on the website of the State Duma it was dated July 11. \"The strike attracted media attention already at the stage of organizing the poll, which contributed to the high activity of the participants. Almost 200 participants were in favor of the proposal, 27 suggested limiting it to a press release, and about 50 did not support the initiative at all. In the situation of time pressure, the final decision was made only by 21 o'clock (UTC), the section worked unstably for about an hour after that, and only by morning the planned demonstration of the banner with a link to the page about bill #89417-6 was finally set up. Information about the blackout spread very quickly on the Runet.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "From 21:00 on July 9 to 20:00 on July 10, 2012 (UTC), a blackout against amendments to the law \"On Information\" continued on Russian Wikipedia. Attendance on Ukrainian Wikipedia on July 10 was a record five times higher than usual.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "During the day on July 10, the executive director of Wikimedia RU, Stanislav Kozlovsky, explained the position of the Russian Wikipedia community and the Foundation to interested parties. In particular, he gave interviews about the action to journalists of Echo of Moscow in the program \"Razvorot\", as well as to the magazine Snob.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "During the action, the media also sought clarification from other Wikipedia contributors. For example, in an interview with LifeNews, Wikipedia administrator Maxim Mozul, criticizing the bill, summarized: \"I hope that parliamentarians will take into account the nuances and Wikipedia will not be affected. If it does affect us, no one will delete anything. In the situation with the closure of the encyclopedia in Iran or China, no one deleted anything. I think this is the right thing to do.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Since the discussion of the draft law took place on July 11, 2012, it was decided to extend the protest action, but in a different form. During this day, a banner containing text similar to the previous day's press release with relevant links was placed at the top of the project's title page.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "On July 11, the action was supported by colleagues from other language sections of Wikipedia. As a sign of solidarity with the protest of Russian Wikipedians, banners were placed on the title pages of the Italian, Bashkir and Yakutian sections.", "title": "Developments" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Since the blackout initiative was unexpected for the Internet community, and the decision was made in a hurry, colleagues did not have time to react quickly and hold synchronized coordinated actions, but tried to show solidarity with Wikipedia.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "One of the first to join the protest was the imageboard 2ch.so, which, although it did not \"shut down\", disabled the possibility of publishing new entries and placed a line on all pages: \"2ch.so vs. Russian firewall. Support free communication! Posting will be disabled for 24 hours in protest against Runet censorship\" with a link to a page supporting the Wikipedia initiative.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "By noon, the action met with massive support from Twitter users. The hashtags #RuWikiBlackout, #Wikipedia and even the number of the controversial bill 89417-6 topped the top of Russian Twitter trends.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "At around 14:00 am, a post appeared on Habrahabr that drew attention to Russian Internet Restriction Bill and provided detailed instructions on how to write a petition to the Chairman of the State Duma, Sergey Naryshkin, requesting that the bill be withdrawn from consideration; later, it was suggested that a letter to the President be duplicated as well. The link to this note was widely circulated on the Internet. In particular, this information with a link to the \"protest page\" of Wikipedia was duplicated by Bash.im (\"Runet Citatnik\") in a text banner on the main page. Later, a link to this note also appeared from Wikipedia's press release.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "On the afternoon of July 10, LiveJournal spoke out against the bill by placing a banner on its homepage, linking to a page with the text: \"Amendments to the law may lead to the introduction of censorship in the Russian-language segment of the Internet, the creation of blacklists and stop-lists, and the blocking of certain sites. Unfortunately, the practice of applying the law in Russia suggests a high probability of exactly this, the worst scenario\" and a link to an article about the bill on Wikipedia.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "By the evening of July 10, VKontakte, the largest social network in Runet, placed a banner poster on all its pages with the text: \"The Russian State Duma is hearing a law on introducing censorship on the Internet. Details on ru.wikipedia.org\", the effectiveness of which led to a brief crash of the Habrahabr website, which was also linked to.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "On July 11, following Wikipedia, LiveJournal and Vkontakte, Yandex \"reminded deputies that freedom of speech is no less important than the fight against child pornography,\" calling on the State Duma to stop, and symbolically corrected the company's slogan on its homepage by crossing out the second word in the phrase \"Everything can be found\".", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "On the same day, July 11, Lurkmore supported the action by changing its logo and placing a link to the article \"Censorship\" on its main page.", "title": "Supporting the blackout" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "Support for the Wikipedia blackout was not absolute, and there were some criticisms.", "title": "Critique" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "For example, Alexander Amzin, then a columnist for Lenta.ru, compared Wikipedia editors to emergency doctors, rescue workers, and nuclear power plant personnel, saying that they \"have no moral right to stop access to the resource\".", "title": "Critique" }, { "paragraph_id": 23, "text": "The Safe Internet League called Wikipedia's action \"an attempt to draw attention to itself,\" while assuring that the amendments do not imply censorship of Runet.", "title": "Critique" }, { "paragraph_id": 24, "text": "The Russian Wikipedia blackout aroused media interest even at the preparation stage. In particular, Lenta.ru published a note about the blackout while it was underway, and later was one of the first to report on its start. Wikinews, a friendly news project in Russian and English, was also among the first to announce the start of the campaign.", "title": "Media coverage of the action" }, { "paragraph_id": 25, "text": "Later the action was actively covered by Russian media, news agencies and portals, including: RIA Novosti, NTV, Radio Liberty, Interfax, Kommersant, Echo of Moscow, RBC, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, BFM. ru, Metro International, CNews, Radio France International, Rosbalt, Argumenty i Fakty, Deutsche Welle, Gazeta.Ru, Snob, NEWSru, LifeNews.", "title": "Media coverage of the action" }, { "paragraph_id": 26, "text": "World news agencies and publications also informed their readers, among them English-language ones: Russia Today, CNET News, BBC News, The Washington Post, The Guardian, Associated Press, Reuters, CNN, Daily Mail; German: Bild (with reference to DPA); French-language ones: France 24 (with reference to France-Presse), Le Monde, Le Figaro, Ouest-France.", "title": "Media coverage of the action" }, { "paragraph_id": 27, "text": "After the end of the action, some publications devoted review articles to its analysis.", "title": "Media coverage of the action" }, { "paragraph_id": 28, "text": "The query \"Why is Wikipedia closed?\" was one of the most popular queries on the Yandex search engine in 2012.", "title": "Media coverage of the action" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Local elections were held in San Juan on May 14, 2007, within the Philippine general election. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, the congressman, and the councilors, six of them in the two districts of the municipality.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The municipal government of San Juan was preparing for the plebiscite for the municipality's cityhood on March 27, 2007, the town's 100th anniversary. The cityhood bill was lapsed into law, more than one month before the elections.", "title": "Before Elections" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Mayor Joseph Victor \"JV\" Ejercito, Vice Mayor Leonardo \"Boy\" Celles, and Rep. Ronaldo \"Ronny\" Zamora ran for re-election for third term. Both of them ran under Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino.", "title": "Background" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Rep. Ronaldo \"Ronny\" Zamora was re-elected.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Mayor Joseph Victor \"JV\" Ejercito was re-elected.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Second District Councilor Francisco Javier \"Francis\" Zamora won overwhelmingly against his only opponent, Alexander \"Alex\" Enriquez.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "The municipality of San Juan was converted into city pursuant to Republic Act No. 9388, An Act Converting the Municipality of San Juan into Highly-Urbanized City To Be Known as City of San Juan. The cityhood bill (House Bill 5828) was sponsored by Rep. Ronaldo \"Ronnie\" Zamora in House of Representatives and worked for its approval. The said bill was lapsed into law even without the sign of the president (in accordance to Article VI, Section 27, Paragraph 1 of the 1987 Constitution).", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Holsted Speedway Center or Moldow Speedway Arena is a motorcycle speedway facility located about 6 kilometres south of Holsted, Denmark. The track is off the Ribevej road that runs south from railway town. The stadium is the home track for the Holsted Tigers, who race in the Danish Speedway Leagues.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The track opened on 4 June 1989, replacing the old Holsted Goerklint Speedway track.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "On 28 July 1996, the arena hosted the 1996 Intercontinental final and then in 2000 and 2003 was selected for rounds of the Speedway World Team Cup and Speedway World Cup respectively.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, the Danish Individual Speedway Championship was held at the Center for the 13th time in its history.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "", "title": "References" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Vanadium bromide may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Chromium bromide may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Jennifer Mittelstadt is Professor of History at Rutgers University. In 2022, she was awarded a Guggenheim fellowship in U.S. History. She has a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Mittelstadt is professor of History at Rutgers College. In 2017-2018, she served as the Harold K. Johnson Chair in Military History at United States Army War College.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Sources" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Astrid Hengsbach (born 23 March 1979) is a German former Paralympic rower who competed at international rowing competitions. She is a Paralympic silver medalist at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "In 2010, Hengsbach was involved in a car accident and suffered from a stiffened ankle joint and limited motion in her right hand.", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Germanium bromide may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "On December 19, 2023, Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz, the Minister of Culture and National Heritage in Poland, dismissed the then-current state media directors and their supervisory boards, most notably those of public broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP), appointing new ones in their place. The move was met with criticism and accusations of illegality by the dismissed management and the opposition Law and Justice (PiS) party, causing a parliamentary intervention in the TVP headquarters.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "After Law and Justice won the parliamentary election in 2015, TVP reporting began to align with the PiS government's policies opposing EU federalization, illegal immigration, and 'normalizing' relations with Russia. During its 8 year rule, TVP consistently praised the PiS government and disparaged the opposition. It was widely regarded by national and international media watchdogs to be extremely biased and highly selective. In the lead-up to the 2023 election, British newspaper Guardian described TVP as a propaganda arm of PiS, while the Polish opposition referred to it as a factory of hate. The reform and depoliticization of the state media became a campaign promise of the main opposition party, the Civic Coalition, which included it in its list of \"100 concrete promises for the first 100 days of government.\"", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "After winning the 2023 parliamentary election, the October 15 Coalition, consisting of the Civic Coalition, Poland 2050, Polish People's Party and The Left, included plans to reform state media in their coalition agreement.", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "On December 14, citing journalistic freedom and independence, a protest of the Warsaw club of Gazeta Polska \"in defense of free media\" was held in front of one of the TVP buildings. attended by employees of the state-owned station, as well as Law and Justice politicians.", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "On the same day, at the request of a group of Law and Justice deputies, the Constitutional Tribunal banned the possibility of removals and changes to the TVP and Polish Radio board of directors until the hearing scheduled for January 16, 2024. This ban, however, was deemed as non-binding by some lawyers and the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage itself.", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "On December 19, 2023, the Sejm passed a resolution on \"restoring the legal order and the impartiality and integrity of the public media and the Polish Press Agency\" with 244 votes in favor. There were 84 votes against and 16 abstentions. More than 100 Law and Justice deputies did not participate in the vote, having instead gone to the TVP headquarters to protest the change.", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "On the same day, Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz dismissed the authorities of public media, including TVP. Sienkiewicz would then appoint Tomasz Sygut to be TVP's new CEO.", "title": "Prelude" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "On December 20, Piotr Zemła [pl], the newly appointed head of TVP's supervisory board, arrived at the television headquarters on Woronicza Street. He was met by Law and Justice MPs and TVP employees occupying the building, who questioned his authority and the legality of the decision to change the station's authorities. Due to the turmoil at the building, Joanna Borowiak, a Law and Justice MP, was hospitalized. Jacek Sasin blamed the incident on \"a person accompanying the new director\", while Szymon Hołownia, serving as the Marshal of the Sejm, indicated that it may have been done by a security employee.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "It was decided by Sygut that TVP Info should go off air; this was carried out at 11:18:31 a.m. CET, with both the terrestrial broadcast and the online stream being suddenly switched to TVP1's broadcast at first and then going on to alternate between TVP1's programming, TVP Polonia's programming, and repeats of Ranczo. TVP3, TVP World, and TVP Parlament (and for some reasons Alfa TVP) also went off air, with TVP3's national programming being switched to that of TVP2 (internal broadcasting of TVP3's regional outputs would continue unabated however) and programming for TVP World being changed to that of TVP Polonia, while TVP Parlament's programming was not switched to that of any other TVP channel and so that particular channel was effectively taken off air completely. People attempting to visit the official websites for TVP Info, TVP3, TVP World, or TVP Parlament were instead redirected to the main TVP website. News programs that would normally air on TVP1 (Teleexpress, Wiadomości) and TVP2 (Panorama) were instead replaced by fillers featuring each channel's respective logos.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "At 12:17 p.m., Adrian Borecki, a Wiadomości journalist, interrupted the broadcast of the Agrobiznes program on TVP1 to inform that channel's viewers of the situation. He announced that a special edition of Wiadomości would continue to air on TVP1 from that point until \"the very end\". Half a minute later, the broadcast was interrupted and replaced by a standby sequence of the TVP1 logo.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Sometime after 2 p.m., Samuel Pereira [pl], the head of TVP Info, began a live stream on its YouTube channel. The stream featured the TVP Info broadcast, recorded with a phone camera, that would have been airing if the channel had not gone off the air. The stream was taken down in less than half an hour.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "A group of IT specialists from TVP secured the new management's access to the broadcaster's social media, removing the role of administrator from its key representatives. TVP Info's Twitter account, managed personally by Samuel Pereira, remained under the control of the old management despite changes in other social media accounts.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "At 7:30 p.m., instead of the usual Wiadomości program, a short announcement was broadcast on TVP1 (and, by extension, TVP Info) in which presenter Marek Czyż announced that what he declared to be \"unbiased news\" would be returning and that the next day's broadcast of Wiadomości would go ahead as normal. At the same time, former TVP presenters appeared in a special edition of Wiadomości which, while using the program's usual studio, was broadcast on Telewizja Republika.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "In the evening, TVP began sending dismissal emails to some of its employees.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "On December 21, a new program was announced to replace Wiadomości, set to be broadcast during the same 7:30 p.m. timeslot as its predecessor. The new program's name was kept a closely guarded secret until the first broadcast, whereupon it was revealed to be 19.30. The program's intro and theme music had already been prepared before the takeover. Teleexpress and Panorama remained off air on December 21 and reportedly were to remain so until TVP's post-takeover operations were fully stabilized.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Protests in and around TVP buildings by TVP staff and sympathetic politicians and members of the public would continue after December 20. Since those taking place on December 24 coincided with Wigilia celebrations, that day saw protesters exchanging Christmas wafers among themselves in the traditional manner and the occupied Televison Information Agency [pl] building being visited by a priest. December 24 also saw Mateusz Matyszkowicz [pl], the CEO of TVP prior to the takeover, resign from his position, with the pre-takeover supervisory board appointing Maciej Łopiński as his successor. Piotr Zemła, the newly appointed head, stated the supervisory board did not appoint Łopiński, clarifying that Tomasz Sygut remained the only current CEO of TVP.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "On December 25, National Broadcasting Council president Maciej Świrski [pl] drew attention to what he described as the \"destruction\" of TVP's archives, with the takedown of the TVP Info website, the removal of the Reset [pl] and Resortowe dzieci [pl] documentaries as well as various films and concerts pertaining to folk culture from TVP VOD, and the removal of recorded Jacek Kowalski [pl] concerts from TVP3 Poznań being enumerated by Świrski as specific examples of this behaviour. Świrski urged the authors of any removed material to contact the National Broadcasting Council.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "On December 26, TVP3 returned to the air at 10:00 a.m. It did not include the regional programming that was the primary focus of the station, despite said programming continuing to be produced as normal. During the night, the National Media Council appointed Wiadomości anchor and former Televison Information Agency president Michał Adamczyk [pl] as the CEO of TVP despite the role having already been given to Tomasz Sygut during the initial takeover. The previously appointed Łopiński was not dismissed either. Adamczyk issued a statement in which he characterized the actions of the new government as being \"illegal\" and causing \"huge damage\", and promised to \"restore legal and corporate order in [TVP] as soon as possible, punish those responsible for breaking the law, and resume the operation of all broadcasters.\" At the time of Adamczyk being appointed, he and other individuals were continuing their occupation of the Televison Information Agency building.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 18, "text": "As of December 27, TVP's new management did not foresee having to make any penalty or compensation payments in relation to commercial breaks being disrupted to various degrees, up to and including not being aired at all, during the takeover. On the same day, Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz put TVP, Polish Radio, and the Polish Press Agency in a state of liquidation, citing president Andrzej Duda's decision to stop funding public media as the reason. Sienkiewicz claimed his actions would ensure that the companies would continue operations, necessary restructuring could be carried out, and employees could avoid layoffs. The liqudation also had the effect of annulling the various attempts to appoint alternative CEOs for TVP. Samuel Pereira claimed the liquidation was actually an attempt to bypass the National Court Register should it not validate the takeover, while president Duda's chief of staff Marcin Mastalerek [pl] published a statement which described the liquidation as \"an admission of defeat by the government\" and \"proof of the complete powerlessness of the authorities who have not found any legal way to change the leadership of these companies.\" December 27 also saw a formal announcement by TVP World that its operations had been suspended until mid-January. Shortly afterwards, its director Filip Styczyński stated that he had been relieved of his duties.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 19, "text": "On December 28, multiple outlets reported that TVP Info's broadcasting was to be resumed on December 29.", "title": "Takeover" }, { "paragraph_id": 20, "text": "Members of the Law and Justice party claimed that the takeover had been done illegally. A similar standpoint was taken by the Law and Justice-controlled National Media Council, who described the takeover as \"an attack on public media.\" The Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights' Polish branch [pl] described the takeover as raising serious legal and constitutional doubts in the light of previous case law by the Constitutional Tribunal, while nevertheless emphasizing the Law and Justice party's rampant politicization of Polish public media.", "title": "Reactions" }, { "paragraph_id": 21, "text": "The government claims that the takeover was possible as a result of a legislative loophole, where the Minister of Culture was able to apply the Commercial Companies Code directly.", "title": "Reactions" }, { "paragraph_id": 22, "text": "The president Andrzej Duda called on the Council of Ministers to respect the legal order, and would later refer to the situation around the takeover when announcing his intention to veto the new government's budget (which included 3 billion PLN for public media) on December 23. Prime Minister Donald Tusk responded by claiming that the measures were intended to restore legal order and decency in public life, in line with the president's intentions.", "title": "Reactions" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Grom (Russian: Гром, lit. 'Thunder') is a Russian unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) being developed by Kronshtadt. It was first unveiled at ARMY-2020 forum.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "A full size mockup of the Grom UCAV was unveiled at Army-2020 by Kronshtadt.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "\"Grom\" is being designed to operate in conjunction with fighters such as Su-35 and Su-57; according to main designer of Kronstadt, the main task of this UCAV is to save the lives of pilots and piloted aircraft themselves.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "\"Grom\" will be able to carry Kh-38 air-to-surface guided missiles. The weapons will be placed on four hardpoints - two under the wings and two inside the fuselage. The Tactical Missiles Corporation has developed air-to-surface missiles for this drone, prepared the Izdeliye 85 guided missile, as well as KAB-250 and KAB-500 guided bombs. The Grom drone will be capable of not only operating with its own weapons, but also controlling a swarm of 10 units of Molniya strike drones launched from another carrier.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "During Army-2022 forum Kronshtadt representatives confirmed that government contracts for the development of the drone were signed, and it was at the stage of preliminary design.", "title": "Development" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Data from TASS, RG.ru", "title": "Specifications (Grom)" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "General characteristics", "title": "Specifications (Grom)" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Performance", "title": "Specifications (Grom)" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Armament", "title": "Specifications (Grom)" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zirconium bromide may refer to:", "title": "" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Pacific Empire League is a collegiate summer baseball league based on the west coast of the United States with six teams from California and Oregon. The league was founded on December 13, 2023.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "On December 13, 2023, six long-standing collegiate summer baseball teams, the Healdsburg Prune Packers, Humboldt Crabs, Lincoln Potters, Medford Rogues, Solano Mudcats and West Coast Kings came together to form the new Pacific Empire League. Teams in the PEL will play a 55-game regular season that will culminate in a 3-game Championship Series. The league is designated as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization represented by engaged, productive, and committed Board Representatives from each member team.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "", "title": "Current teams" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Zijad Lugavić (born 15 October 1973) is a Bosnian politician serving as the 32nd mayor of Tuzla since December 2022. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Lugavić was born in Tuzla in 1973. He graduated from the University of Tuzla. He worked in administrative bodies and in the real sector before becoming mayor of Tuzla.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Lugavić was born on 15 October 1973 in Tuzla, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia. He graduated from the Faculty of Economics at the University of Tuzla in 2000. He obtained his master's degree from the Faculty of Economics in Tuzla in 2014, and the title of Doctor of Social Science in the field of economics in 2020.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "Lugavić was part of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War in the 1990s. Following the war and his undergraduate studies, he worked in administrative bodies and as a interpreter in a number of international organizations, before moving to the real sector.", "title": "Early life and education" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Lugavić is a member of the Social Democratic Party. When Jasmin Imamović, long-time mayor of Tuzla, got elected to the national House of Representatives in the 2022 general election, he was forced to resign as mayor. Following his resignation, Lugavić, a close associate of Imamović, was unanimously elected as the acting mayor on 2 December 2022.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Early elections to elect a new mayor of Tuzla were held on 5 February 2023. In the election, Lugavić was elected with 47.77%, a plurality of the vote.", "title": "Political career" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Lugavić is married and has two children. He lives with his family in Tuzla.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 1874 Victorian colonial election was held from 25 March to 22 April 1874 to elect the 8th Parliament of Victoria. All 79 seats in 49 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though eleven seats were uncontested.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "There were 24 single-member, 21 two-member and 4 three-member electorates.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "The Premier James Francis fought the 1874 general election on a proposition for constitutional reform to settle disputes between the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council by joint sittings. After the inconclusive election results became known, the editorial in The Argus commented: \"In no one case does it appear that the proposed scheme of constitutional reform exercised any material effect upon the decision of the constituencies\". Although Francis continued as Premier after the election, the results precluded any prospect of passing the constitutional reform he had advocated.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "With no formal party structure, elected members were mainly classified as 'Ministerial', 'Opposition' or 'Doubtful', with unelected candidates given no classification. 'Ministerial' members were considered to be supporters of the government of the previous parliament, 'Opposition' members were those \"opposed to the Government either on general grounds or on the special reform proposition\". Those members whose views were unknown were classified as 'Doubtful'.", "title": "Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "After early attempts at passing a reform bill failed, Francis resigned in late July 1874 due to a serious bout of pleurisy. He was succeeded as Premier by the Attorney-General George Kerferd, who accepted that constitutional reform in the existing parliament would not be possible. Kerferd made only one change to the ministry, with James Service replacing Edward Langton as treasurer. The Local Government Act was passed in December 1874, but very little else was achieved due to continual political obstruction.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "In late July 1875 the government's budget was carried in the parliament by a just single vote. In response Kerferd requested a dissolution, which was refused by the Acting-Governor, Sir William Stawell, prompting the resignation of Kerferd and his ministry. The liberal politician, Graham Berry, then met with the acting-governor and undertook to form a ministry. As Premier, Berry also took on the role of treasurer. He submitted a protectionist budget to the Legislative Assembly in September 1875, a significant part of which was a land tax. However Berry lacked a majority in parliament after a moderate liberal faction led by Sir James McCulloch had refused to join his ministry.", "title": "Aftermath" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Berry's revenue-raising land tax proposal provoked a political backlash. In October McCulloch's faction joined with Kerferd's supporters to carry a resolution for more general direct taxation measures. Berry responded to the defeat in parliament by requesting that the acting-governor grant a dissolution, but Stawell again refused the request. Berry resigned and McCulloch, who had been Premier on three previous occasions, returned to office. McCulloch then brought in a budget with generalised taxation features, without singling out the landholding class. Berry's subsequent attempts to block supply were to no avail, and McCulloch's ministry remained in office until the May 1877 elections. By means of political agitation and mass meetings, Berry consolidated his leadership of a radical opposition by polarising the parliament and branding McCulloch a reactionary. His land tax proposal became the central plank of his liberal protectionist movement to contest the election in 1877.", "title": "Aftermath" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Ewan Horrocks is an English actor. He has appeared in the Netflix series The Last Kingdom as Ælfweard of Wessex and in the historical drama series Domina as Drusus.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "He was born and raised in Halifax, Yorkshire. He has one sister. He worked as a lifeguard in a local swimming pool prior to acting. Aged 16 years-old, he joined the National Youth Theatre and an acting school in Manchester.", "title": "Early life" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Horrocks had his first television role playing young Drusus, the son of Livia Drusilla, in Roman historical Domina in 2021.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In 2022, Horrocks played Aelfweard, the son of Edward the Elder. He reprised the role in the 2023 film The Last Kingdom: Seven Kings Must Die.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In 2023, he was cast in The Yellow Tie alongside John Malkovich, playing a young Sergiu Celibidache, and European 20th Century historical drama Miss Fallaci.", "title": "Career" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "He is no relation to actress Jane Horrocks.", "title": "Personal life" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The Battle of the Messina Convoy was a night naval action fought on 2 June 1943 off Cape Spartivento, Calabria, between an Allied flotilla composed of the British destroyer HMS Jervis and the Greek destroyer Vasilissa Olga and an Italian convoy escorted by the Spica-class torpedo boat Castore.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The British destroyer HMS Jervis and the Greek Vasilissa Olga carried out a night search along the Gulf of Squillace, where they found a small two-steamer convoy escorted by the Italian torpedo boat Castore at approximately 1:45 am. Supported by a Wellington bomber which dropped flares on the target, the Allied units engaged the Italian steamers Vragnizza (1592 GRT) and Postumia (595 GRT), which were carrying supplies and ammunitions. The destroyers lost track of the convoy after the intervention of the escort, which laid smoke and returned fire. Castore was disabled and sank before sunrise, but her counterattack allowed the steamers to limp away. Vragnizza and Postumia, both damaged during the action, reached Messina at 16:30 (4:30 pm).", "title": "Battle" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The history of Cadusii is the history of an Iranian tribe who lived in the Parachoatras range southwest of the Caspian Sea in Gilan province.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "They appear to have constantly been at war with their neighbours. First subjected by the Assyrians, if we believe to Diodorus' doubtful sources, they were then brought in at least nominal subjection to the Medes, until they rebelled at the time of the king of the Medes Artaeus. In Ctesias' tale (reported by Diodorus) the war originated from an offence the king gave to an able powerful Persian, called Parsondes. After the offence Parsondes retired himself in the Cadusii's land with a small force and he attached himself with the most powerful of the local lords by offering his sister in marriage to him. At this point the country, who was subject to at least a nominal subjugation to the Medes, rebelled and chose as its war-leader Parsodes, giving him command of their army. Against these the Medes armed no less than eight hundred thousand men (these are the numbers given by Ctesias, which shouldn't be given much trust). Artaeus failed miserably in his attempt to reconquer the Cadusii and Parsodes was triumphantly elected king by the winners. Parsodes waged continuous raids in Media for all his long kingdom, and so did those who succeeded him, generating a state of perpetual enmity and warfare between Cadusii and Medes that continued until the fall of the Medes in 559 BC. But it must be remembered that all Greek records on the East before Cyrus must be treated with the utmost skepticism. This said, it may be that behind this legend there is a part of truth if we believe some scholars who identify Artaeus with Herodotus' Deioces, or better Duyakku, an important Mede chief in the age of Assyrian hegemony. Another point of interest in this story is that Ctesias here mentions for the first time the Cadusii. What seems more certain (in the report of Nicolaus of Damascus) is that near to the end of the Mede kingdom the Cadusii played an important role in bringing its downfall by allying themselves with the Medes' enemies, the Persians. Ernst Hertzfeld maintains that the mythic original inhabitants of Gilan were Cadusii, and that this area was the residence of mythic Kavi or Kayanid (Kai-Kobad, Kai-Hosrau). Enemies of the Cadusii inhabitanting Eranvej were called Aneran (non-Iranians), which in Sassanid times was transformed into the chimeric Turan tribe. Possibly the Kayanids correspond to the Median Deiocids of Herodotus. He also believed that the name Parsondes is etymologically identical to the name Afrasiab.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "It does not seem that the Persians had initially great difficulties in submitting the Cadusii; they were immediately loyal allies of Cyrus the Great (559–529 BC), firstly against the Medes and secondly against the Babylonians. And their submission seems to have been something more than nominal considering that Xenophon tells us that Cyrus assigned to a son called Tanaoxares (probably Smerdis) the satrapy of Cadusia. But by the times of Darius the Great Persian full control on the region must have suffered a partial setback, since we never hear their name in Herodotus or in Persian inscriptions in the lists of peoples and territories being part of the empire. In an unknown year they had been, it would seem, successfully submitted and probably added to the satrapy of Media or that of Hyrcania; this because it is told that in 406 BC Cyrus the Younger, a son of the High King Darius II (423–404 BC), had just led an expedition against the Cadusii in revolt. Cyrus' expedition was a success as three years later the Cadusii fought at Cunaxa under the banners of Artaxerxes II (404–358 BC) against Cyrus. But their obedience to Artaxerxes II didn't keep long; we see them rebelling in 385 and 358 BC. The first rebellion was defeated by a great army led by the same Artaxerxes. In the victory paid a key role the king's advisor Tiribazus, who smartly tricked the chief rebels in submitting themselves to the king. Another man who distinguished himself in the campaign was Datames, who would rise to become one of the most brilliant Persian generals. The conflict of 358 under Artaxerxes III (358–338 BC) was the last major clash between Cadusii and Persians; for the last years of the empire the Cadusii remained submissive. This war was important since it gave an occasion for the Persian general Codomannus, to distinguish himself in a sole combat against a Cadusian chief; an action that paved him the road to the throne as Darius III (336–330 BC).", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "In the Macedonian conquest of the east the Cadusii remained loyal to the Persians all the way up to Darius III's bitter end; we read of their cavalry fighting against Alexander at Gaugamela (331 BC) and of preparing to send reinforcements to the High King after the battle. But at the end they were subdued by Alexander's general Parmenion. In the subsequent Eastern wars they are mentioned as the allies of one or other party. After the division of Alexander's empire they became part of the Seleucid empire; in this context we read of them fighting for the Seleucids in the battle of Raphia against the Egyptians (217 BC), and their name is cited by Antiochus III's (223–187 BC) envoys at Aegium to the Achaeans as one of the many people under the sway of the Seleucids. But the crushing Romans victory at Magnesia started the disintegration of Seleucid power and the loss of all eastern territories. From this moment, little is known of Cadusian history; they seem to have been early submitted by the Parthians. As their allies Mark Anthony met them in 36 BC during his Parthian campaign; and two centuries later Caracalla in 216 repeated the campaign also entering in contact with the Cadusii. Excepting a forged letter by a Cadusian chief named Velenus to the Sasanian king Shapur I in 260, this is practically the last source that speaks of the Cadusii as an existing people; at this point they seem to vanish probably merging with other Caspian tribes. Modern day Talysh people generally identify themselves with the ancient Cadusians.", "title": "History" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). \"Cadusii\". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.", "title": "External links" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Sasquatch Sunset is an upcoming American drama film, directed, and produced by David Zellner and Nathan Zellner, from a screenplay by David Zellner. It stars Jesse Eisenberg, Riley Keough, Nathan Zellner and Christophe Zajac-Denek. Ari Aster serves as an executive producer under his Square Peg banner.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "It will have its world premiere at the 2024 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2024.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "In August 2022, Jesse Eisenberg announced his involvement in the film, with David Zellner and Nathan Zellner directing, stating: “In full makeup. In full body hair. No lines, I grunt, but no lines, and I'm so looking forward to this.\"", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "It will have its world premiere at the 2024 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2024. Prior to, Bleecker Street acquired distribution rights to the film. It will also screen at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival in February 2024, as part of the Berlinale Special section.", "title": "Release" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Race and Racism: A Comparative Perspective is a 1967 non-fiction book by Pierre L. van den Berghe, published by John Wiley & Sons.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The author discusses and contrasts the societies of Brazil, Mexico, South Africa, and the United States and their racial issues. Theodosius Dobzhansky, who reviewed the book for The Quarterly Review of Biology, described the work as \"a serious and closely argued sociological study\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Augie Fleras, author of the book chapter \"Race and Racism by Pierre van den Berghe: A Fifty Year Retrospect,\" described the work as a \"seminal text on race relations\" and \"a contemporary classic\". Reviewer J. Milton Yinger, who reviewed the book for Science, stated that the point of the book is to \"contribute to the development of a comparative science of racism\".", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "There is an introduction characterized by Dobzhansky as \"long\", in which Berghe states his thesis.", "title": "Contents" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "In the final two chapters, the thesis is re-emphasized.", "title": "Contents" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "According to Dobzhansky, the book does not often discuss \"Biological aspects of race\".", "title": "Contents" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Oliver C. Cox of Lincoln University of Jefferson City, Missouri stated that the book \"is certainly well worth reading\" due to the \"elaborate analysis\" inside; he argued that he still had questions about the relationships between racial groups that the book had not provided answers for.", "title": "Reception" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Yinger stated that the \"acerbic style\", inability \"to examine instances of the rigidities and errors he laments\" and \"sweeping generalizations\" hamper the book's introduction.", "title": "Reception" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "The 2024 Northern Ontario Men's Provincial Curling Championship, the men's provincial curling championship for Northern Ontario, will be held from January 24 to 28 at the NEMI Recreation Complex in Little Current, Ontario. The event will be held in conjunction with the 2024 Northern Ontario Scotties Tournament of Hearts, the provincial women's curling championship. The winning rink will represent Northern Ontario at the 2024 Montana's Brier, Canada's national men's curling championship in Regina, Saskatchewan.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "The teams are listed as follows:", "title": "Teams" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "Source:", "title": "Knockout brackets" }, { "paragraph_id": 3, "text": "All draws are listed in Central Time (UTC−06:00).", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 4, "text": "Wednesday, January 24, 9:00 am", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 5, "text": "Wednesday, January 24, 2:00 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 6, "text": "Wednesday, January 24, 7:00 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 7, "text": "Thursday, January 25, 9:30 am", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 8, "text": "Thursday, January 25, 3:30 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 9, "text": "Thursday, January 25, 8:00 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 10, "text": "Friday, January 26, 9:30 am", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 11, "text": "Friday, January 26, 2:30 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 12, "text": "Friday, January 26, 7:30 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 13, "text": "Saturday, January 27, 9:30 am", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 14, "text": "Saturday, January 27, 2:30 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 15, "text": "Saturday, January 27, 7:30 pm", "title": "Knockout Results" }, { "paragraph_id": 16, "text": "Sunday, January 29, 9:30 am", "title": "Playoffs" }, { "paragraph_id": 17, "text": "Sunday, January 28, 1:30 pm", "title": "Playoffs" } ]

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[ { "paragraph_id": 0, "text": "Goolihatti is a 2015 Indian Kannada-language film directed by Shashank Raj. Pavan Surya, Tejaswini Gowda and Mamatha Rahuth in lead role, produced by Kiran Kumar M G. It was theatrically released on 26 June 2015.", "title": "" }, { "paragraph_id": 1, "text": "Filming was completed on 12 August 2014.", "title": "Production" }, { "paragraph_id": 2, "text": "A reviewers of Vijaya Karnataka wrote \"The director who wins in capturing the Mylaralinga Jatra, stumbles while making the scenes. A song heard at bad times, amidst loud background music, Goolihatti does not remain in the mind\". A reviewer of Deccan Herald says \"Sadly, minus subtle, but spiritedly etched Poorni, though her fights are rendered comedic, and her well-rounded family we empathise with, Shashankar Raj’s Gooli Hatti, is the pits\". Sunanya Suresh from The Times of India wrote \"This film is for those who like their dose of masala films, for it has the staple action, romance, comedy and item number. For the rest, you could skip it\".", "title": "Reception" } ]

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