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[ { "title": "Medjugorje", "text": "A Vatican commission set up by Pope Benedict XVI in 2010 to study the Medjugorje question was reported on 18 January 2014 to have completed its work , the results of which it would communicate to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith . Headed by Cardinal Camillo Ruini , Pope Francis commented the report as `` very , very good '' on 13 May 2017 when speaking to journalists . According to Italian media , the Ruini report divided the investigation into three main parts : the early apparitions from 24 June 1981 to 3 July 1981 , the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , and the pastoral situation . The commission expressed positive findings in favor of recognizing the supernatural nature of the first appearances , and rejected the hypothesis of a demonic origin of the apparitions . Yet , the commission expressed that an opinion can not be reached towards the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , despite majority of the commission recognized the positive spiritual fruits that Medjugorje has brought to pilgrims , including Pope Francis who commented the pastoral situation in Medjugorje : `` The third , the core of the Ruini report , the spiritual fact , the pastoral fact . People go there and convert . People who encounter God , change their lives ... but this ... there is no magic wand there . And this spiritual and pastoral fact ca n't be ignored . ''", "sentences": [ "A Vatican commission set up by Pope Benedict XVI in 2010 to study the Medjugorje question was reported on 18 January 2014 to have completed its work , the results of which it would communicate to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith .", "Headed by Cardinal Camillo Ruini , Pope Francis commented the report as `` very , very good '' on 13 May 2017 when speaking to journalists .", "According to Italian media , the Ruini report divided the investigation into three main parts : the early apparitions from 24 June 1981 to 3 July 1981 , the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , and the pastoral situation .", "The commission expressed positive findings in favor of recognizing the supernatural nature of the first appearances , and rejected the hypothesis of a demonic origin of the apparitions .", "Yet , the commission expressed that an opinion can not be reached towards the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , despite majority of the commission recognized the positive spiritual fruits that Medjugorje has brought to pilgrims , including Pope Francis who commented the pastoral situation in Medjugorje : `` The third , the core of the Ruini report , the spiritual fact , the pastoral fact .", "People go there and convert .", "People who encounter God , change their lives ...", "but this ... there is no magic wand there .", "And this spiritual and pastoral fact ca n't be ignored . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of French monarchs", "text": "The Valois line looked strong on the death of Henry II , who left four male heirs . His first son , Francis II , died in his minority . His second son , Charles IX , had no legitimate sons to inherit . Following the premature death of his fourth son Hercule François , and the assassination of his third son , the childless Henry III , France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne . The best claimant , King Henry III of Navarre , was a Protestant , and thus unacceptable to much of the French nobility . Ultimately , after winning numerous battles in defense of his claim , Henry converted to Catholicism and was crowned king , founding the House of Bourbon . This marked the second time the thrones of Navarre and France were united under one monarch ; as different inheritance laws had caused them to become separated during the events of the Hundred Years Wars . The House of Bourbon would be overthrown during the French Revolution , replaced by the short - lived French Republic .", "sentences": [ "The Valois line looked strong on the death of Henry II , who left four male heirs .", "His first son , Francis II , died in his minority .", "His second son , Charles IX , had no legitimate sons to inherit .", "Following the premature death of his fourth son Hercule François , and the assassination of his third son , the childless Henry III , France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne .", "The best claimant , King Henry III of Navarre , was a Protestant , and thus unacceptable to much of the French nobility .", "Ultimately , after winning numerous battles in defense of his claim , Henry converted to Catholicism and was crowned king , founding the House of Bourbon .", "This marked the second time the thrones of Navarre and France were united under one monarch ; as different inheritance laws had caused them to become separated during the events of the Hundred Years Wars .", "The House of Bourbon would be overthrown during the French Revolution , replaced by the short - lived French Republic ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", "text": "Deplorable conditions for the thousands of slaves in Saint - Domingue , the most profitable slave colony in the world , led to the uprisings which would be known as the first successful slave revolt in the New World . Free persons of color were part of the first wave of revolt , but later former slaves took control . In 1794 the Convention dominated by the Jacobins abolished slavery , including in the colonies of Saint - Domingue and Guadeloupe . However , Napoleon reinstated it in 1802 and attempted to regain control of Saint - Domingue by sending in thousands of troops . After suffering the losses of two - thirds of the men , many to yellow fever , the French withdrew from Saint - Domingue in 1803 . Napoleon gave up on North America and agreed to the Louisiana Purchase by the United States . In 1804 , the leaders of Saint - Domingue declared it as an independent state , the Republic of Haiti , the second republic of the New World .", "sentences": [ "Deplorable conditions for the thousands of slaves in Saint - Domingue , the most profitable slave colony in the world , led to the uprisings which would be known as the first successful slave revolt in the New World .", "Free persons of color were part of the first wave of revolt , but later former slaves took control .", "In 1794 the Convention dominated by the Jacobins abolished slavery , including in the colonies of Saint - Domingue and Guadeloupe .", "However , Napoleon reinstated it in 1802 and attempted to regain control of Saint - Domingue by sending in thousands of troops .", "After suffering the losses of two - thirds of the men , many to yellow fever , the French withdrew from Saint - Domingue in 1803 .", "Napoleon gave up on North America and agreed to the Louisiana Purchase by the United States .", "In 1804 , the leaders of Saint - Domingue declared it as an independent state , the Republic of Haiti , the second republic of the New World ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 14)", "text": "Alex and Jo drive to Iowa to locate his mom , only to find that she no longer exhibits schizophrenic behavior and that she 's even returned to her old job . Richard and Bailey battle to keep the hospital from being sued by Vikram ; although Bailey stands by the initial firing , Richard empathizes as he reflects on the times he operated while inebriated . As Amelia helps Betty detox , Arizona struggles to accept that Sofia stole money . Meredith kills time before her presentation throwing darts with a guy she eventually learns is a surgeon who 's there to see her . Their conversation leads Meredith to decide that the `` Grey Method '' should be renamed the `` Grey - Cerone Method . '' After Alex works things out with his mom , Jo extends a declined invitation to their wedding . Bailey allows Vikram to return under strict probationary rules ; Amelia visits an AA group after Betty makes an escape , and Arizona calls Callie to say that she thinks it 's time for her and Sofia to move to New York .", "sentences": [ "Alex and Jo drive to Iowa to locate his mom , only to find that she no longer exhibits schizophrenic behavior and that she 's even returned to her old job .", "Richard and Bailey battle to keep the hospital from being sued by Vikram ; although Bailey stands by the initial firing , Richard empathizes as he reflects on the times he operated while inebriated .", "As Amelia helps Betty detox , Arizona struggles to accept that Sofia stole money .", "Meredith kills time before her presentation throwing darts with a guy she eventually learns is a surgeon who 's there to see her .", "Their conversation leads Meredith to decide that the `` Grey Method '' should be renamed the `` Grey - Cerone Method . ''", "After Alex works things out with his mom , Jo extends a declined invitation to their wedding .", "Bailey allows Vikram to return under strict probationary rules ; Amelia visits an AA group after Betty makes an escape , and Arizona calls Callie to say that she thinks it 's time for her and Sofia to move to New York ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sustainability", "text": "The figure ( right ) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN Human Development Index ( a measure of standard of living ) . The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while , at the same time , maintaining sustainable resource use . The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable . As always , population growth has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use . The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels ; that is , to not exceed `` one planet '' consumption . Information generated by reports at the national , regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time .", "sentences": [ "The figure ( right ) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN Human Development Index ( a measure of standard of living ) .", "The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while , at the same time , maintaining sustainable resource use .", "The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable .", "As always , population growth has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use .", "The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels ; that is , to not exceed `` one planet '' consumption .", "Information generated by reports at the national , regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Collagen", "text": "The molecular and packing structures of collagen have eluded scientists over decades of research . The first evidence that it possesses a regular structure at the molecular level was presented in the mid-1930s . Since that time , many prominent scholars , including Nobel laureates Crick , Pauling , Rich and Yonath , and others , including Brodsky , Berman , and Ramachandran , concentrated on the conformation of the collagen monomer . Several competing models , although correctly dealing with the conformation of each individual peptide chain , gave way to the triple - helical `` Madras '' model of Ramachandran , which provided an essentially correct model of the molecule 's quaternary structure although this model still required some refinement . The packing structure of collagen has not been defined to the same degree outside of the fibrillar collagen types , although it has been long known to be hexagonal or quasi-hexagonal . As with its monomeric structure , several conflicting models alleged that either the packing arrangement of collagen molecules is ' sheet - like ' or microfibrillar . The microfibrillar structure of collagen fibrils in tendon , cornea and cartilage has been directly imaged by electron microscopy . The microfibrillar structure of tail tendon , as described by Fraser , Miller , and Wess ( amongst others ) , was modeled as being closest to the observed structure , although it oversimplified the topological progression of neighboring collagen molecules , and hence did not predict the correct conformation of the discontinuous D - periodic pentameric arrangement termed simply : the microfibril . Various cross linking agents like L - Dopaquinone , embeline , potassium embelate and 5 - O - methyl embelin could be developed as potential cross-linking / stabilization agents of collagen preparation and its application as wound dressing sheet in clinical applications is enhanced .", "sentences": [ "The molecular and packing structures of collagen have eluded scientists over decades of research .", "The first evidence that it possesses a regular structure at the molecular level was presented in the mid-1930s .", "Since that time , many prominent scholars , including Nobel laureates Crick , Pauling , Rich and Yonath , and others , including Brodsky , Berman , and Ramachandran , concentrated on the conformation of the collagen monomer .", "Several competing models , although correctly dealing with the conformation of each individual peptide chain , gave way to the triple - helical `` Madras '' model of Ramachandran , which provided an essentially correct model of the molecule 's quaternary structure although this model still required some refinement .", "The packing structure of collagen has not been defined to the same degree outside of the fibrillar collagen types , although it has been long known to be hexagonal or quasi-hexagonal .", "As with its monomeric structure , several conflicting models alleged that either the packing arrangement of collagen molecules is ' sheet - like ' or microfibrillar .", "The microfibrillar structure of collagen fibrils in tendon , cornea and cartilage has been directly imaged by electron microscopy .", "The microfibrillar structure of tail tendon , as described by Fraser , Miller , and Wess ( amongst others ) , was modeled as being closest to the observed structure , although it oversimplified the topological progression of neighboring collagen molecules , and hence did not predict the correct conformation of the discontinuous D - periodic pentameric arrangement termed simply : the microfibril .", "Various cross linking agents like L - Dopaquinone , embeline , potassium embelate and 5 - O - methyl embelin could be developed as potential cross-linking / stabilization agents of collagen preparation and its application as wound dressing sheet in clinical applications is enhanced ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "United Church of Christ", "text": "The Office of General Ministries ( OGM ) is responsible for administration , common services ( technology , physical plant , etc . ) , covenantal relations ( ecumenical relations , formal relations to other settings of the church ) , financial development , and `` proclamation , identity and communication '' . The current General Minister and President is the Rev. Dr. John C. Dorhauer . Local Church Ministries ( LCM ) is responsible for evangelism , stewardship and church finance , worship and education , Pilgrim Press and United Church Resources ( the publishing house of the United Church of Christ ) , and parish life and leadership ( authorization , clergy development , seminary relations , parish leadership , etc . ) . The position of Executive Minister of Local Church Ministries is vacant . Wider Church Ministries ( WCM ) is responsible for partner relations * ( relations with churches around the world , missionary work , etc . ) , local church relations * ( as relates to world ministries and missions ) , global sharing of resources , health and wholeness ministry , and global education and advocacy * . The starred ' * ' ministries are carried out through the Common Global Ministries Board , a joint instrumentality of the United Church of Christ and the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ) , based in Indianapolis , Indiana . WCM is sometimes referred to as the United Church Board for World Ministries , the historic successor to the Congregationalist American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and the E&R affiliated Board of International Missions The current Executive Minister for Wider Church Ministries is the Rev. Rev. Jim Moos . Justice and Witness Ministries ( JWM ) is responsible for ministries related to economic justice , human rights , justice for women and transformation , public life and social policy , and racial justice . In addition to its offices in Cleveland , JWM also maintains an office on Capitol Hill in Washington , D.C. The current Executive Minister for Justice and Witness Ministries is Rev. Traci D. Blackmon . JWM also maintains an office called `` Minister for Children , Families and Human Sexuality Advocacy '' that promotes the Our Whole Lives sex education curriculum . Affiliated", "sentences": [ "The Office of General Ministries ( OGM ) is responsible for administration , common services ( technology , physical plant , etc . )", ", covenantal relations ( ecumenical relations , formal relations to other settings of the church ) , financial development , and `` proclamation , identity and communication '' .", "The current General Minister and President is the Rev. Dr. John C. Dorhauer .", "Local Church Ministries ( LCM ) is responsible for evangelism , stewardship and church finance , worship and education , Pilgrim Press and United Church Resources ( the publishing house of the United Church of Christ ) , and parish life and leadership ( authorization , clergy development , seminary relations , parish leadership , etc . ) .", "The position of Executive Minister of Local Church Ministries is vacant .", "Wider Church Ministries ( WCM ) is responsible for partner relations * ( relations with churches around the world , missionary work , etc . ) , local church relations * ( as relates to world ministries and missions ) , global sharing of resources , health and wholeness ministry , and global education and advocacy * .", "The starred ' * ' ministries are carried out through the Common Global Ministries Board , a joint instrumentality of the United Church of Christ and the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ) , based in Indianapolis , Indiana .", "WCM is sometimes referred to as the United Church Board for World Ministries , the historic successor to the Congregationalist American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and the E&R affiliated Board of International Missions", "The current Executive Minister for Wider Church Ministries is the Rev. Rev. Jim Moos .", "Justice and Witness Ministries ( JWM ) is responsible for ministries related to economic justice , human rights , justice for women and transformation , public life and social policy , and racial justice .", "In addition to its offices in Cleveland , JWM also maintains an office on Capitol Hill in Washington , D.C.", "The current Executive Minister for Justice and Witness Ministries is Rev. Traci D. Blackmon .", "JWM also maintains an office called `` Minister for Children , Families and Human Sexuality Advocacy '' that promotes the Our Whole Lives sex education curriculum .", "Affiliated" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Abner Doubleday", "text": "At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg , July 1 , 1863 , Doubleday 's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brigadier General John Buford . When his corps commander , Major General John F. Reynolds , was killed very early in the fighting , Doubleday found himself in command of the corps at 10 : 50 am . His men fought well in the morning , putting up a stout resistance , but as overwhelming Confederate forces massed against them , their line eventually broke and they retreated back through the town of Gettysburg to the relative safety of Cemetery Hill south of town . It was Doubleday 's finest performance during the war , five hours leading 9,500 men against ten Confederate brigades that numbered more than 16,000 . Seven of those brigades sustained casualties that ranged from 35 to 50 percent , indicating the ferocity of the Union defense . On Cemetery Hill , however , the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty , and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle ; it would be decommissioned in March 1864 , its surviving units consolidated into other corps .", "sentences": [ "At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg , July 1 , 1863 , Doubleday 's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brigadier General John Buford .", "When his corps commander , Major General John F. Reynolds , was killed very early in the fighting , Doubleday found himself in command of the corps at 10 : 50 am .", "His men fought well in the morning , putting up a stout resistance , but as overwhelming Confederate forces massed against them , their line eventually broke and they retreated back through the town of Gettysburg to the relative safety of Cemetery Hill south of town .", "It was Doubleday 's finest performance during the war , five hours leading 9,500 men against ten Confederate brigades that numbered more than 16,000 .", "Seven of those brigades sustained casualties that ranged from 35 to 50 percent , indicating the ferocity of the Union defense .", "On Cemetery Hill , however , the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty , and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle ; it would be decommissioned in March 1864 , its surviving units consolidated into other corps ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The London Studios", "text": "Studio 7 - 2,050 sq ft ( 190 m ) - Located in the studio block on the river 's bank , this studio presents panoramic views over the London skyline , including St. Paul 's Cathedral , through its floor - to - ceiling windows . Studio 7 was home to the London News Network 's local news bulletins from 1993 until 2004 . It was built in 1993 for the newly created London News Network , a company which provided local news for the ITV Network in London . Prior to 1993 , LWT , the London weekend ITV franchisee , had produced news bulletins for London on Friday evenings , Saturdays and Sundays from studio 10 , whilst Thames Television had provided its own news during the rest of the week from its own studios . The new partnership between the new London weekday licensee Carlton and LWT meant one news bulletin would be seen all week , ' London Tonight ' . After the Carlton and Granada merger to form ITV plc however , LNN was disbanded and Independent Television News took over the contract . London Tonight is now produced in their studios on Grays Inn Road . It was then used as the home of ITV Sport and also for Loose Women , I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! NOW ! , Strictly Come Dancing - It Takes Two , and various specials for Canadian television . ITV 's breakfast programme Daybreak used the studio from 6 September 2010 to 31 August 2012 . For the launch of Daybreak , the studio was converted to high - definition . It has continued to be used by ITV Sport , most recently for its coverage of IPL Cricket on ITV4 , as well as use for CBBC 's Friday Download .", "sentences": [ "Studio 7 - 2,050 sq ft ( 190 m ) - Located in the studio block on the river 's bank , this studio presents panoramic views over the London skyline , including St. Paul 's Cathedral , through its floor - to - ceiling windows .", "Studio 7 was home to the London News Network 's local news bulletins from 1993 until 2004 .", "It was built in 1993 for the newly created London News Network , a company which provided local news for the ITV Network in London .", "Prior to 1993 , LWT , the London weekend ITV franchisee , had produced news bulletins for London on Friday evenings , Saturdays and Sundays from studio 10 , whilst Thames Television had provided its own news during the rest of the week from its own studios .", "The new partnership between the new London weekday licensee Carlton and LWT meant one news bulletin would be seen all week , ' London Tonight ' .", "After the Carlton and Granada merger to form ITV plc however , LNN was disbanded and Independent Television News took over the contract .", "London Tonight is now produced in their studios on Grays Inn Road .", "It was then used as the home of ITV Sport and also for Loose Women , I 'm a Celebrity ...", "Get Me Out of Here !", "NOW ! , Strictly Come Dancing -", "It Takes Two , and various specials for Canadian television .", "ITV 's breakfast programme Daybreak used the studio from 6 September 2010 to 31 August 2012 .", "For the launch of Daybreak , the studio was converted to high - definition .", "It has continued to be used by ITV Sport , most recently for its coverage of IPL Cricket on ITV4 , as well as use for CBBC 's Friday Download ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "iMac (Intel-based)", "text": "A Retina Display `` 5K '' model with a resolution of 5120 × 2880 was introduced alongside the previous year 's models during a keynote on October 16 , 2014 . This 27 - inch model was given faster Haswell processors and its two Thunderbolt ports were updated to Thunderbolt 2 . Secondary storage was also upgraded to a 1 TB Fusion drive as standard and video options changed over to AMD Radeon R9 M290X and M295X . A 21.5 - inch `` 4K '' model with a resolution of 4096 × 2304 was released on October 13 , 2015 .", "sentences": [ "A Retina Display `` 5K '' model with a resolution of 5120 × 2880 was introduced alongside the previous year 's models during a keynote on October 16 , 2014 .", "This 27 - inch model was given faster", "Haswell processors and its two Thunderbolt ports were updated to Thunderbolt 2 .", "Secondary storage was also upgraded to a 1 TB Fusion drive as standard and video options changed over to AMD Radeon R9 M290X", "and M295X .", "A 21.5 - inch `` 4K '' model with a resolution of 4096 × 2304 was released on October 13 , 2015 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of world junior records in athletics", "text": "Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Meet Place Age Ref Video 50 m 5.67 Kareem Kelly United States 19 February 2000 Los Angeles Invitational Los Angeles , United States 7003689800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 324 days 55 m 6.07 Leonard Scott United States 20 February 1999 Gainesville , United States 7003697200000000000 ♠ 19 years , 32 days 60 m 6.51 Mark Lewis - Francis Great Britain 11 March 2001 World Championships Lisbon , Portugal 7003676300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 188 days 200 m 20.37 Walter Dix United States 11 March 2005 Fayetteville , United States 7003697900000000000 ♠ 19 years , 39 days 300 m 32.87 Tyrese Cooper United States 4 February 2017 Armory Track Invitational New York City , United States 7003616400000000000 ♠ 16 years , 320 days 400 m 44.80 Kirani James Grenada 27 February 2011 SEC Championships Fayetteville , United States 7003675300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 179 days ( 10 ) 500 m 59.83 Abdalleleh Haroun Qatar 17 February 2016 Globen Galan Stockholm , Sweden 7003626800000000000 ♠ 17 years , 59 days 800 m 1 : 44.35 Yuriy Borzakovskiy Russia 30 January 2000 Dortmund , Germany 7003686700000000000 ♠ 18 years , 293 days 1000 m 2 : 15.77 Abubaker Kaki Sudan 21 February 2008 Stockholm , Sweden 7003681900000000000 ♠ 18 years , 245 days 1500 m 3 : 36.28 Belal Mansoor Ali Bahrain 20 February 2007 Stuttgart , Germany 7003670000000000000 ♠ 18 years , 126 days Mile 3 : 55.02 German Fernandez United States 28 February 2009 Big 12 Championships College Station , United States 7003669300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 118 days 2000 m 4 : 59.02 Remi Limo Kenya 17 February 2007 Birmingham , United Kingdom 7003695400000000000 ♠ 19 years , 14 days 3000 m 7 : 32.87 Hagos Gebrhiwet Ethiopia 3 February 2013 New Balance Grand Prix Boston , United States 7003684300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 268 days 5000 m 12 : 53.29 Isaiah Kiplangat Koech Kenya 11 February 2011 PSD Bank Meeting Düsseldorf , Germany 7003626300000000000 ♠ 17 years , 54 days ( 11 ) 50 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 6.52 + Liu Xiang China 24 February 2002 Meeting Pas de Calais Liévin , France 7003679900000000000 ♠ 18 years , 224 days 60 m hurdles ( 99 / 100 cm ) 7.40 Trey Cunningham United States 12 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003677300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 198 days 60 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 7.55 Liu Xiang China 10 February 2002 Ghent , Belgium 7003678700000000000 ♠ 18 years , 212 days 300 m hurdles 35.93 OT Petteri Pulkkinen Finland 19 February 1992 Finnish Championships Tampere , Finland 400 m hurdles 50.41 OT Wouter Le Roux South Africa 9 February 2005 Botnia Games Mustasaari , Finland 7003696300000000000 ♠ 19 years , 23 days High jump 2.35 m Vladimir Yashchenko Soviet Union 12 March 1978 European Championships Milan , Italy 7003699900000000000 ♠ 19 years , 59 days Pole vault 5.75 m Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 February 2017 Millrose Games New York City , United States 7003630300000000000 ♠ 17 years , 93 days 5.82 m Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003633100000000000 ♠ 17 years , 121 days 5.83 m A Armand Duplantis Sweden 12 January 2018 UCS Spirit National Pole Vault Summit Reno , United States 7003663800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 63 days Long jump 8.22 m Viktor Kuznetsov Ukraine 22 January 2005 Brovary , Ukraine 7003676700000000000 ♠ 18 years , 192 days Triple jump 17.20 m Melvin Raffin France 3 March 2017 European Championships Belgrade , Serbia 7003678100000000000 ♠ 18 years , 206 days Shot put ( 6 kg ) 22.96 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 29 December 2016 Spała , Poland 7003722700000000000 ♠ 19 years , 287 days 22.48 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 8 January 2016 Toruń , Poland 7003687100000000000 ♠ 18 years , 297 days Shot put ( 7.26 kg ) 21.05 m Terry Albritton United States 22 February 1974 New York City , United States 7003697900000000000 ♠ 19 years , 39 days Heptathlon ( Junior ) 5984 pts Eusebio Cáceres Spain 6 -- 7 March 2010 San Sebastián , Spain 7003675300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 178 days 6.94 ( 60 m ) , 7.96 m ( long jump ) , 13.19 m ( shot put ) , 1.96 m ( high jump ) / 7.90 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.60 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 51.42 ( 1000 m ) Heptathlon ( Senior ) 6022 pts Gunnar Nixon United States 27 -- 28 January 2012 Razorback Invitational Fayetteville , United States 7003695400000000000 ♠ 19 years , 15 days 7.10 ( 60 m ) , 7.53 m ( long jump ) , 13.97 m ( shot put ) , 2.15 m ( high jump ) / 8.21 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.50 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 40.15 ( 1000 m ) 5000 m walk ( track ) 18 : 51.9 ( ht ) Vasiliy Mizinov Russia 6 January 2016 Rodionova Race Walking Memorial Chelyabinsk , Russia 7003658200000000000 ♠ 18 years , 8 days 4 × 200m relay 1 : 25.36 André Volkmann Alexander Kosenkow Marc - Oliver Schmidtchen Jens Weissbach Germany 2 March 1996 Liévin , France 7003692800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 354 days 4 × 400m relay 3 : 13.06 New Bern NC Andrew Hendrix Fuqauwn Green Miles Sparks Anthony Hendrix United States 6 February 2009 Millrose Games New York City , United States 4 × 800m relay 7 : 36.99 Albemarle High School Zach Vrhovac Luke Noble Garrett Bradley Anthony Kostelac United States 15 March 2009 New Balance Nationals Indoor Roxbury Crossing , United States 7003645300000000000 ♠ 17 years , 243 days 7003673500000000000 ♠ 18 years , 160 days 7003641800000000000 ♠ 17 years , 208 days 7003646400000000000 ♠ 17 years , 254 days", "sentences": [ "Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Meet Place Age Ref Video 50 m 5.67 Kareem Kelly United States 19 February 2000 Los Angeles Invitational Los Angeles , United States 7003689800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 324 days 55 m 6.07 Leonard Scott United States 20 February 1999 Gainesville , United States 7003697200000000000 ♠ 19 years , 32 days 60 m 6.51 Mark Lewis - Francis Great Britain 11 March 2001", "World Championships Lisbon , Portugal 7003676300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 188 days 200 m 20.37 Walter Dix United States 11 March 2005 Fayetteville , United States 7003697900000000000 ♠ 19 years , 39 days 300 m 32.87 Tyrese Cooper United States 4 February 2017 Armory Track Invitational New York City , United States 7003616400000000000 ♠ 16 years , 320 days 400 m 44.80 Kirani James Grenada 27 February 2011 SEC Championships Fayetteville , United States 7003675300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 179 days ( 10 ) 500 m 59.83 Abdalleleh Haroun Qatar 17 February 2016 Globen Galan Stockholm , Sweden 7003626800000000000 ♠ 17 years , 59 days 800 m 1 : 44.35 Yuriy Borzakovskiy", "Russia 30 January 2000 Dortmund , Germany 7003686700000000000 ♠ 18 years , 293 days 1000 m 2 : 15.77 Abubaker Kaki Sudan 21 February 2008 Stockholm , Sweden 7003681900000000000 ♠ 18 years , 245 days 1500 m 3 : 36.28 Belal Mansoor Ali Bahrain 20 February 2007 Stuttgart , Germany 7003670000000000000 ♠ 18 years , 126 days Mile 3 : 55.02 German Fernandez United States 28 February 2009 Big 12 Championships College Station , United States 7003669300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 118 days 2000 m 4 : 59.02 Remi Limo Kenya 17 February 2007 Birmingham , United Kingdom 7003695400000000000 ♠ 19 years , 14 days 3000 m 7 : 32.87 Hagos Gebrhiwet Ethiopia 3 February 2013 New Balance Grand Prix Boston , United States 7003684300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 268 days 5000 m 12 : 53.29 Isaiah Kiplangat Koech Kenya 11 February 2011 PSD Bank Meeting Düsseldorf , Germany 7003626300000000000 ♠ 17 years , 54 days ( 11 ) 50 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 6.52", "+ Liu Xiang China 24 February 2002 Meeting Pas de Calais Liévin , France 7003679900000000000 ♠ 18 years , 224 days 60 m hurdles ( 99 / 100 cm )", "7.40", "Trey Cunningham United States 12 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003677300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 198 days 60 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 7.55", "Liu Xiang China 10 February 2002 Ghent , Belgium 7003678700000000000", "♠ 18 years , 212 days 300 m hurdles 35.93 OT Petteri Pulkkinen Finland 19 February 1992 Finnish Championships Tampere , Finland 400 m hurdles 50.41 OT Wouter Le Roux South Africa 9 February 2005 Botnia Games Mustasaari , Finland 7003696300000000000 ♠ 19 years , 23 days High jump 2.35 m", "Vladimir Yashchenko Soviet Union 12 March 1978 European Championships Milan , Italy 7003699900000000000", "♠ 19 years , 59 days Pole vault 5.75 m", "Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 February 2017 Millrose Games New York City , United States 7003630300000000000", "♠ 17 years , 93 days 5.82 m", "Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003633100000000000 ♠ 17 years , 121 days 5.83 m", "A Armand Duplantis Sweden 12 January 2018 UCS Spirit National Pole Vault Summit Reno , United States 7003663800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 63 days Long jump 8.22 m", "Viktor Kuznetsov Ukraine 22 January 2005 Brovary , Ukraine 7003676700000000000 ♠ 18 years , 192 days Triple jump 17.20 m", "Melvin Raffin France 3 March 2017 European Championships Belgrade , Serbia 7003678100000000000 ♠ 18 years , 206 days Shot put ( 6 kg ) 22.96 m", "Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 29 December 2016 Spała , Poland 7003722700000000000", "♠ 19 years , 287 days 22.48 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 8 January 2016 Toruń , Poland 7003687100000000000", "♠ 18 years , 297 days Shot put ( 7.26 kg ) 21.05 m Terry Albritton United States 22 February 1974 New York City , United States 7003697900000000000 ♠ 19 years , 39 days Heptathlon ( Junior ) 5984 pts Eusebio Cáceres Spain 6 -- 7 March 2010 San Sebastián , Spain 7003675300000000000 ♠ 18 years , 178 days 6.94 ( 60 m ) , 7.96 m ( long jump ) , 13.19 m ( shot put ) , 1.96 m ( high jump ) /", "7.90 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.60 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 51.42 ( 1000 m )", "Heptathlon ( Senior ) 6022 pts Gunnar Nixon United States 27 -- 28 January 2012 Razorback Invitational Fayetteville , United States 7003695400000000000 ♠ 19 years , 15 days 7.10 ( 60 m ) , 7.53 m ( long jump ) , 13.97 m ( shot put ) , 2.15 m ( high jump ) /", "8.21 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.50 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 40.15 ( 1000 m ) 5000 m walk ( track ) 18 : 51.9 ( ht )", "Vasiliy Mizinov Russia 6 January 2016 Rodionova Race Walking Memorial Chelyabinsk , Russia 7003658200000000000 ♠ 18 years , 8 days 4 × 200m relay 1 : 25.36 André Volkmann Alexander Kosenkow Marc - Oliver Schmidtchen Jens Weissbach Germany 2 March 1996 Liévin , France 7003692800000000000 ♠ 18 years , 354 days 4 × 400m relay 3 : 13.06", "New Bern NC Andrew Hendrix Fuqauwn Green Miles Sparks Anthony Hendrix United States 6 February 2009 Millrose Games New York City , United States 4 × 800m relay 7", ": 36.99 Albemarle High School Zach Vrhovac Luke Noble Garrett Bradley Anthony Kostelac United States 15 March 2009 New Balance Nationals Indoor Roxbury Crossing , United States 7003645300000000000 ♠ 17 years , 243 days 7003673500000000000 ♠ 18 years , 160 days 7003641800000000000 ♠ 17 years , 208 days 7003646400000000000 ♠ 17 years , 254 days" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Michael J. Fox", "text": "Since 1999 , Fox has mainly worked as a voice - over actor in films such as Stuart Little and Disney 's Atlantis : The Lost Empire . On the CBS TV show The Good Wife , he earned Emmy nominations for three consecutive years for his recurring role as crafty attorney Louis Canning . Fox has also taken recurring guest roles and cameo appearances in Boston Legal , Scrubs , Curb Your Enthusiasm and Rescue Me . He has released three books : Lucky Man : A Memoir ( 2002 ) , Always Looking Up : The Adventures of an Incurable Optimist ( 2009 ) , and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Future : Twists and Turns and Lessons Learned ( 2010 ) . He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010 . He also was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 .", "sentences": [ "Since 1999 , Fox has mainly worked as a voice - over actor in films such as Stuart Little and Disney 's Atlantis : The Lost Empire .", "On the CBS TV show The Good Wife , he earned Emmy nominations for three consecutive years for his recurring role as crafty attorney Louis Canning .", "Fox has also taken recurring guest roles and cameo appearances in Boston Legal , Scrubs , Curb Your Enthusiasm and Rescue Me .", "He has released three books : Lucky Man : A Memoir ( 2002 ) , Always Looking Up : The Adventures of an Incurable Optimist ( 2009 ) , and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Future :", "Twists and Turns and Lessons Learned ( 2010 ) .", "He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010 .", "He also was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Deadpool (film)", "text": "The writers worked to keep the script 's pop - culture references up - to - date over the years of development . Kinberg confirmed that the film would make fun of Deadpool 's portrayal in X-Men Origins : Wolverine . It also makes jokes at the expense of Green Lantern . While Miller felt that it was okay for audience members to not understand all of the jokes in the film , he wanted to avoid things specifically targeted to comic fans , saying that `` any joke that an audience needs to look up on the internet after the movie is not something I 'm in favour of . '' The film 's post-credits scene is a parody of the equivalent scene from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , where the title character breaks the fourth wall like Deadpool . In the scene , Deadpool wears a bath robe and tells the audience to go home . He also confirms that Cable will appear in the sequel . After reading the scene , a Fox executive described the film as `` Ferris Bueller 's Day Off meets Natural Born Killers '' , which the writers felt was an accurate description . Co-writer", "sentences": [ "The writers worked to keep the script 's pop - culture references up - to - date over the years of development .", "Kinberg confirmed that the film would make fun of Deadpool 's portrayal in X-Men Origins : Wolverine .", "It also makes jokes at the expense of Green Lantern .", "While Miller felt that it was okay for audience members to not understand all of the jokes in the film , he wanted to avoid things specifically targeted to comic fans , saying that `` any joke that an audience needs to look up on the internet after the movie is not something I 'm in favour of . ''", "The film 's post-credits scene is a parody of the equivalent scene from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , where the title character breaks the fourth wall like Deadpool .", "In the scene , Deadpool wears a bath robe and tells the audience to go home .", "He also confirms that Cable will appear in the sequel .", "After reading the scene , a Fox executive described the film as `` Ferris Bueller 's Day Off meets Natural Born Killers '' , which the writers felt was an accurate description .", "Co-writer" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Indus River", "text": "The 2011 Sindh floods began during the Pakistani monsoon season in mid-August 2011 , resulting from heavy monsoon rains in Sindh , eastern Balochistan , and southern Punjab . The floods caused considerable damage ; an estimated 434 civilians were killed , with 5.3 million people and 1,524,773 homes affected . Sindh is a fertile region and often called the `` breadbasket '' of the country ; the damage and toll of the floods on the local agrarian economy was said to be extensive . At least 1.7 million acres ( 690,000 ha ; 2,700 sq mi ) of arable land were inundated . The flooding followed the previous year 's floods , which devastated a large part of the country . Unprecedented torrential monsoon rains caused severe flooding in 16 districts of Sindh .", "sentences": [ "The 2011 Sindh floods began during the Pakistani monsoon season in mid-August 2011 , resulting from heavy monsoon rains in Sindh , eastern Balochistan , and southern Punjab .", "The floods caused considerable damage ; an estimated 434 civilians were killed , with 5.3 million people and 1,524,773 homes affected .", "Sindh is a fertile region and often called the `` breadbasket '' of the country ; the damage and toll of the floods on the local agrarian economy was said to be extensive .", "At least 1.7 million acres ( 690,000 ha ; 2,700 sq mi ) of arable land were inundated .", "The flooding followed the previous year 's floods , which devastated a large part of the country .", "Unprecedented torrential monsoon rains caused severe flooding in 16 districts of Sindh ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of Orange Is the New Black characters", "text": "Tiffany dislikes Piper after she is placed on the WAC committee despite Piper not having run for the position , and also has a long - running hostile relationship with Alex , with the two of them clashing frequently . Although it is Piper who gets Tiffany released from the psych ward , Tiffany declares a violent vendetta against Piper , eventually attempting to kill her after Piper rebuffed her religious beliefs , but instead Piper beats her up badly . After the beating she appears to have gotten over her vendetta , presumably because Piper 's beating allowed her to get a new set of porcelain teeth at the expense of the prison . Tiffany loses her religious fervor , becoming more easy - going and moderate in her beliefs after attending regular counseling sessions with Healy . Nevertheless , her old friends are now unafraid to stand up to her , and abandon her , leaving her on her own . Ultimately , she finds an unlikely friend in Big Boo , who has also been abandoned by her friends , and Tiffany subsequently cuts her hair short on Boo 's advice .", "sentences": [ "Tiffany dislikes Piper after she is placed on the WAC committee despite Piper not having run for the position , and also has a long - running hostile relationship with Alex , with the two of them clashing frequently .", "Although it is Piper who gets Tiffany released from the psych ward , Tiffany declares a violent vendetta against Piper , eventually attempting to kill her after Piper rebuffed her religious beliefs , but instead Piper beats her up badly .", "After the beating she appears to have gotten over her vendetta , presumably because Piper 's beating allowed her to get a new set of porcelain teeth at the expense of the prison .", "Tiffany loses her religious fervor , becoming more easy - going and moderate in her beliefs after attending regular counseling sessions with Healy .", "Nevertheless , her old friends are now unafraid to stand up to her , and abandon her , leaving her on her own .", "Ultimately , she finds an unlikely friend in Big Boo , who has also been abandoned by her friends , and Tiffany subsequently cuts her hair short on Boo 's advice ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Nationalist Movements in India", "text": "Indian textile industry also played an important role in the freedom struggle of India . The merchandise of the textile industry pioneered the Industrial revolution in India and soon England was producing cotton cloth in such great quantities that the domestic market was saturated and foreign markets were required to sell the production . On the other hand , India was rich in cotton produce and was in a position to supply British mills with the raw material , they required . This was the time when India was under British rule and the East India Company had already established its roots in India . Raw materials went to England at very low rates and cotton cloth of refined quality was brought back to India and sold here at very high prices . This was draining India 's economy and the textile industry of India suffered greatly . This led to a great resentment among cotton cultivators and traders .", "sentences": [ "Indian textile industry also played an important role in the freedom struggle of India .", "The merchandise of the textile industry pioneered the Industrial revolution in India and soon England was producing cotton cloth in such great quantities that the domestic market was saturated and foreign markets were required to sell the production .", "On the other hand , India was rich in cotton produce and was in a position to supply British mills with the raw material , they required .", "This was the time when India was under British rule and the East India Company had already established its roots in India .", "Raw materials went to England at very low rates and cotton cloth of refined quality was brought back to India and sold here at very high prices .", "This was draining India 's economy and the textile industry of India suffered greatly .", "This led to a great resentment among cotton cultivators and traders ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 1)", "text": "`` A '' makes Hanna eat cupcakes , making her think about being bulimic again . `` A '' saves Aria 's and Ezra 's relationship . Emily 's mom finds drugs in Maya 's bag , and brings the bag to Maya 's parents , thus sending her to juvie . Spencer unravels the Ali murder , thinking Ian is the killer . She also finds out that her sister , Melissa , is trying to get pregnant . In the end , a video of Ali and Ian is shown , the camera falls , leaving the watchers hearing someone choking someone . A body is thrown to the ground , Ali 's hand appearing in front of the screen . Her name bracelet brings the girls to think Ian killed Ali .", "sentences": [ "`` A '' makes Hanna eat cupcakes , making her think about being bulimic again .", "`` A '' saves Aria 's and Ezra 's relationship .", "Emily 's mom finds drugs in Maya 's bag , and brings the bag to Maya 's parents , thus sending her to juvie .", "Spencer unravels the Ali murder , thinking Ian is the killer .", "She also finds out that her sister , Melissa , is trying to get pregnant .", "In the end , a video of Ali and Ian is shown , the camera falls , leaving the watchers hearing someone choking someone .", "A body is thrown to the ground , Ali 's hand appearing in front of the screen .", "Her name bracelet brings the girls to think Ian killed Ali ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Electromagnetic radiation", "text": "p = E c = h f c = h λ . ( \\ displaystyle p = ( E \\ over c ) = ( hf \\ over c ) = ( h \\ over \\ lambda ) . )", "sentences": [ "p = E c", "= h", "f c", "= h", "λ .", "( \\ displaystyle p = ( E \\ over c )", "= ( hf \\ over c )", "= ( h \\ over \\ lambda ) . )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Postulates of special relativity", "text": "( x 1 − y 1 ) 2 + ( x 2 − y 2 ) 2 + ( x 3 − y 3 ) 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ quad ( \\ sqrt ( ( x_ ( 1 ) - y_ ( 1 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) + ( x_ ( 2 ) - y_ ( 2 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) + ( x_ ( 3 ) - y_ ( 3 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) ) ) )", "sentences": [ "( x 1 − y 1 ) 2", "+ ( x 2 − y 2 ) 2", "+ ( x 3 − y 3 ) 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ quad ( \\ sqrt ( ( x_ ( 1 ) - y_ ( 1 ) )", "^", "( 2 ) +", "( x_ ( 2 ) - y_ ( 2 ) ) ^", "( 2 ) +", "( x_ ( 3 ) - y_ ( 3 ) ) ^", "( 2 ) ) ) )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Yield (chemistry)", "text": "Purification steps always lower the yield , through losses incurred during the transfer of material between reaction vessels and purification apparatus or imperfect separation of the product from impurities , which may necessitate the discarding of fractions deemed insufficiently pure . The yield of the product measured after purification ( typically to > 95 % spectroscopic purity , or to sufficient purity to pass combustion analysis ) is called the isolated yield of the reaction . Yields can also be calculated by measuring the amount of product formed ( typically in the crude , unpurified product ) relative to a known amount of an added internal standard , using techniques like gas / liquid chromatography , or NMR spectroscopy . A yield determined using this approach is known as an internal standard yield . Yields are typically obtained in this manner to accurately determine the quantity of product produced by a reaction , irrespective of potential isolation problems . Additionally , they can be useful when isolation of the product is challenging or tedious , or when the rapid determination of an approximate yield is desired . Unless otherwise indicated , yields reported in the synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry literature refer to isolated yields , which better reflect the amount of pure product one is likely to obtain under the reported conditions , upon repeating the experimental procedure .", "sentences": [ "Purification steps always lower the yield , through losses incurred during the transfer of material between reaction vessels and purification apparatus or imperfect separation of the product from impurities , which may necessitate the discarding of fractions deemed insufficiently pure .", "The yield of the product measured after purification ( typically to > 95 % spectroscopic purity , or to sufficient purity to pass combustion analysis ) is called the isolated yield of the reaction .", "Yields can also be calculated by measuring the amount of product formed ( typically in the crude , unpurified product ) relative to a known amount of an added internal standard , using techniques like gas / liquid chromatography , or NMR spectroscopy .", "A yield determined using this approach is known as an internal standard yield .", "Yields are typically obtained in this manner to accurately determine the quantity of product produced by a reaction , irrespective of potential isolation problems .", "Additionally , they can be useful when isolation of the product is challenging or tedious , or when the rapid determination of an approximate yield is desired .", "Unless otherwise indicated , yields reported in the synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry literature refer to isolated yields , which better reflect the amount of pure product one is likely to obtain under the reported conditions , upon repeating the experimental procedure ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Blond", "text": "Roman fresco from Pompeii showing a Maenad in silk dress , 1st century AD Ancient Roman fresco ( detail ) featuring Perseus and the head of Medusa , Stabiae , Italy , 1st century AD . Fresco depicting a seated woman , from the Villa Arianna at Stabiae , 1st century AD Fresco of a man holding a papyrus roll , Pompeii , Italy , 1st century AD Heracles and Omphale , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 45 -- 79 AD ) Roman fresco of a blond maiden reading a text , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 60 - 79 AD ) , Pompeii Mosaic of Aphrodite from Pompeii Achilles and Agamemnon , from a fresco of Pompeii , 1st century AD Dye worker 's shop of Veranius Hypsaeus , fresco from Pompeii , 1st century AD A maenad holding a cupid , Pompeii , 1st century AD The so - called `` Venus in a bikini '' , from the House of Julia Felix , Pompeii , Italy actually depicts the Roman goddess Aphrodite as she is about to untie her sandal , with a small Eros squatting beneath her left arm Ancient Roman bust of Antinous , made during the reign of Hadrian ( 117 -- 138 AD ) , National Archaeological Museum in Athens . Remnants of a Roman bust of a youth with a blond beard , perhaps depicting Roman emperor Commodus ( r . 177 -- 192 ) , National Archaeological Museum , Athens Polychrome marble statue depicting the goddess Tyche holding the infant Plutus in her arms , 2nd century AD , Istanbul Archaeological Museum Ancient Roman statue of Isis , in the Collection of Greek and Roman Antiquities in the Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna ; first half of the 2nd century AD , found in Naples , Italy ; made out of black and white marble . Marble table support adorned by a group including Dionysos , Pan and a Satyr ; Dionysos holds a rhyton in the shape of a panther ; traces of red and yellow colour are preserved on the hair of the figures and the branches ; from an Asia Minor workshop , AD 170 -- 180 , National Archaeological Museum , Athens , Greece Bust of Tiberius Julius Sauromates II ( d . 210 AD ) , ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom in Roman Crimea , one of Rome 's client states Asclepius ( center ) arrives in Kos and is greeted by Hippocrates ( left ) and a citizen ( right ) , mosaic , 2nd -- 3rd century AD Ludovisi Gaul 2nd - century AD Roman copy of a 3rd - century BC Hellenistic original from Pergamon , Palazzo Altemps A blond man in a Roman fresco from Klagenfurt , Austria , Landesmuseum für Kärnten A mosaic from Tusculum depicting Athena , 3rd century AD Roman mosaic depicting a feminine personification , from the Boathouse of Psyche in Daphne ( suburb of Antioch ) , beginning of 3rd century AD , Louvre Museum A boy holding a platter of fruits and what may be a bucket of crabs , in a kitchen with fish and squid , on the June panel from a mosaic depicting the months ( 3rd century ) A mosaic of young boys hunting from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A mosaic depicting a game hunt , from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A Roman fresco depicting the goddess Diana hunting , 4th century AD , from the Via Livenza hypogeum in Rome Mosaic depicting Odysseus , from La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Mosaic of a princess of Skyros ( detail from a larger scene of the Iliad showing Achilles and Odysseus ) from the villa of La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Achilles being adored by princesses of Skyros , a scene from the Iliad where Odysseus ( Ulysses ) discovers him dressed as a woman and hiding among the princesses at the royal court of Skyros . A late Roman mosaic from La Olmeda , Spain , 4th -- 5th centuries AD Color", "sentences": [ "Roman fresco from Pompeii showing a Maenad in silk dress , 1st century AD Ancient Roman fresco ( detail ) featuring Perseus and the head of Medusa , Stabiae , Italy , 1st century AD .", "Fresco depicting a seated woman , from the Villa Arianna at Stabiae , 1st century AD Fresco of a man holding a papyrus roll , Pompeii , Italy , 1st century AD Heracles and Omphale , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 45 -- 79 AD ) Roman fresco of a blond maiden reading a text , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 60 - 79 AD ) , Pompeii Mosaic of Aphrodite from Pompeii Achilles and Agamemnon , from a fresco of Pompeii , 1st century AD Dye worker 's shop of Veranius Hypsaeus , fresco from Pompeii , 1st century AD", "A maenad holding a cupid , Pompeii , 1st century", "AD The so - called `` Venus in a bikini '' , from the House of Julia Felix , Pompeii , Italy actually depicts the Roman goddess Aphrodite as she is about to untie her sandal , with a small Eros squatting beneath her left arm Ancient Roman bust of Antinous , made during the reign of Hadrian ( 117 -- 138 AD ) , National Archaeological Museum in Athens .", "Remnants of a Roman bust of a youth with a blond beard , perhaps depicting Roman emperor Commodus ( r . 177 -- 192 ) , National Archaeological Museum , Athens Polychrome marble statue depicting the goddess Tyche holding the infant Plutus in her arms , 2nd century AD , Istanbul Archaeological Museum Ancient Roman statue of Isis , in the Collection of Greek and Roman Antiquities in the Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna ; first half of the 2nd century AD , found in Naples , Italy ; made out of black and white marble .", "Marble table support adorned by a group including Dionysos , Pan and a Satyr ; Dionysos holds a rhyton in the shape of a panther ; traces of red and yellow colour are preserved on the hair of the figures and the branches ; from an Asia Minor workshop , AD 170 -- 180 , National Archaeological Museum , Athens , Greece Bust of Tiberius Julius Sauromates II ( d . 210 AD ) , ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom in Roman Crimea , one of Rome 's client states Asclepius ( center ) arrives in Kos and is greeted by Hippocrates ( left ) and a citizen ( right ) , mosaic , 2nd -- 3rd century AD Ludovisi Gaul 2nd - century AD Roman copy of a 3rd - century BC Hellenistic original from Pergamon ,", "Palazzo Altemps A blond man in a Roman fresco from Klagenfurt , Austria , Landesmuseum für Kärnten A mosaic from Tusculum depicting Athena , 3rd century AD Roman mosaic depicting a feminine personification , from the Boathouse of Psyche in Daphne ( suburb of Antioch ) , beginning of 3rd century AD , Louvre Museum A boy holding a platter of fruits and what may be a bucket of crabs , in a kitchen with fish and squid , on the June panel from a mosaic depicting the months ( 3rd century )", "A mosaic of young boys hunting from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A mosaic depicting a game hunt , from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily ,", "4th century AD A Roman fresco depicting the goddess Diana hunting , 4th century AD , from the Via Livenza hypogeum in Rome Mosaic depicting Odysseus , from La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Mosaic of a princess of Skyros ( detail from a larger scene of the Iliad showing Achilles and Odysseus ) from the villa of La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Achilles being adored by princesses of Skyros , a scene from the Iliad where Odysseus ( Ulysses ) discovers him dressed as a woman and hiding among the princesses at the royal court of Skyros .", "A late Roman mosaic from La Olmeda , Spain , 4th -- 5th centuries AD Color" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom", "text": "Filming in Hawaii began on June 13 , 2017 . On June 21 , 2017 , filming began at Heʻeia Kea Small Boat Harbor in Heʻeia , Hawaii . More than half of the harbor was closed for filming , which required the use of smoke machines . Scenes were scheduled to be shot at the harbor throughout the end of the month . On June 22 , 2017 , the film 's official title was announced as Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom . At the time , filming was underway at Kualoa Ranch on the Hawaiian island of Oahu . On July 7 , 2017 , filming took place at Oahu 's Hālona Blowhole . Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard were seen on the ocean beach during filming of Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom . Filming concluded on July 8 , 2017 . Bayona said that making the film was the biggest challenge of his life .", "sentences": [ "Filming in Hawaii began on June 13 , 2017 .", "On June 21 , 2017 , filming began at Heʻeia Kea Small Boat Harbor in Heʻeia , Hawaii .", "More than half of the harbor was closed for filming , which required the use of smoke machines .", "Scenes were scheduled to be shot at the harbor throughout the end of the month .", "On June 22 , 2017 , the film 's official title was announced as Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom .", "At the time , filming was underway at Kualoa Ranch on the Hawaiian island of Oahu .", "On July 7 , 2017 , filming took place at Oahu 's Hālona Blowhole .", "Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard were seen on the ocean beach during filming of Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom .", "Filming concluded on July 8 , 2017 .", "Bayona said that making the film was the biggest challenge of his life ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Transamination", "text": "Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism of PLP dependent enzyme catalyzed transamination . Aminotransferase reaction occurs in two stages consisting of three steps : Transimination , Tautomerisation and Hydolysis . In the first stage , alpha amino group of the aminoacid is transferred to PLP yielding an alpha ketoacid and PMP . In the second stage of the reaction , in which the amino group of PMP is transferred to a different alpha Ketoacid to yield a new alpha amino acid and PLP . The product of transamination reactions depend on the availability of α - keto acids . The products usually are either alanine , aspartate or glutamate , since their corresponding alpha - keto acids are produced through metabolism of fuels . Being a major degradative aminoacid pathway , lysine , proline and threonine are the only three amino acids that do not always undergo transamination and rather use respective dehydrogenase .", "sentences": [ "Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism of PLP dependent enzyme catalyzed transamination .", "Aminotransferase reaction occurs in two stages consisting of three steps : Transimination , Tautomerisation and Hydolysis .", "In the first stage , alpha amino group of the aminoacid is transferred to PLP yielding an alpha ketoacid and PMP .", "In the second stage of the reaction , in which the amino group of PMP is transferred to a different alpha Ketoacid to yield a new alpha amino acid and PLP .", "The product of transamination reactions depend on the availability of α - keto acids .", "The products usually are either alanine , aspartate or glutamate , since their corresponding alpha - keto acids are produced through metabolism of fuels .", "Being a major degradative aminoacid pathway , lysine , proline and threonine are the only three amino acids that do not always undergo transamination and rather use respective dehydrogenase ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Middle ear", "text": "The structure of the middle ear in living amphibians varies considerably , and is often degenerate . In most frogs and toads , it is similar to that of reptiles , but in other amphibians , the middle ear cavity is often absent . In these cases , the stapes either is also missing or , in the absence of an eardrum , connects to the quadrate bone in the skull , although , it is presumed , it still has some ability to transmit vibrations to the inner ear . In many amphibians , there is also a second auditory ossicle , the operculum ( not to be confused with the structure of the same name in fishes ) . This is a flat , plate - like bone , overlying the fenestra ovalis , and connecting it either to the stapes or , via a special muscle , to the scapula . It is not found in any other vertebrates .", "sentences": [ "The structure of the middle ear in living amphibians varies considerably , and is often degenerate .", "In most frogs and toads , it is similar to that of reptiles , but in other amphibians , the middle ear cavity is often absent .", "In these cases , the stapes either is also missing or , in the absence of an eardrum , connects to the quadrate bone in the skull , although , it is presumed , it still has some ability to transmit vibrations to the inner ear .", "In many amphibians , there is also a second auditory ossicle , the operculum ( not to be confused with the structure of the same name in fishes ) .", "This is a flat , plate - like bone , overlying the fenestra ovalis , and connecting it either to the stapes or , via a special muscle , to the scapula .", "It is not found in any other vertebrates ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "United States non-interventionism", "text": "The economic depression that ensued after the Crash of 1929 , also continued to abet non-intervention . The attention of the country focused mostly on addressing the problems of the national economy . The rise of aggressive expansionism policies by Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan led to conflicts such as the Italian conquest of Ethiopia and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria . These events led to ineffectual condemnations by the League of Nations . Official American response was muted . America also did not take sides in the brutal Spanish Civil War .", "sentences": [ "The economic depression that ensued after the Crash of 1929 , also continued to abet non-intervention .", "The attention of the country focused mostly on addressing the problems of the national economy .", "The rise of aggressive expansionism policies by Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan led to conflicts such as the Italian conquest of Ethiopia and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria .", "These events led to ineffectual condemnations by the League of Nations .", "Official American response was muted .", "America also did not take sides in the brutal Spanish Civil War ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Candle", "text": "As the mass of solid fuel is melted and consumed , the candle becomes shorter . Portions of the wick that are not emitting vaporized fuel are consumed in the flame . The incineration of the wick limits the exposed length of the wick , thus maintaining a constant burning temperature and rate of fuel consumption . Some wicks require regular trimming with scissors ( or a specialized wick trimmer ) , usually to about one - quarter inch ( ~ 0.7 cm ) , to promote slower , steady burning , and also to prevent smoking . In early times , the wick needed to be trimmed quite frequently . Special candle - scissors , referred to as `` snuffers '' were produced for this purpose in the 20th century and were often combined with an extinguisher . In modern candles , the wick is constructed so that it curves over as it burns . This ensures that the end of the wick gets oxygen and is then consumed by fire -- a self - trimming wick .", "sentences": [ "As the mass of solid fuel is melted and consumed , the candle becomes shorter .", "Portions of the wick that are not emitting vaporized fuel are consumed in the flame .", "The incineration of the wick limits the exposed length of the wick , thus maintaining a constant burning temperature and rate of fuel consumption .", "Some wicks require regular trimming with scissors ( or a specialized wick trimmer ) , usually to about one - quarter inch ( ~ 0.7 cm ) , to promote slower , steady burning , and also to prevent smoking .", "In early times , the wick needed to be trimmed quite frequently .", "Special candle - scissors , referred to as `` snuffers '' were produced for this purpose in the 20th century and were often combined with an extinguisher .", "In modern candles , the wick is constructed so that it curves over as it burns .", "This ensures that the end of the wick gets oxygen and is then consumed by fire -- a self - trimming wick ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Plant breeding", "text": "The majority of commercially released transgenic plants are currently limited to plants that have introduced resistance to insect pests and herbicides . Insect resistance is achieved through incorporation of a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) that encodes a protein that is toxic to some insects . For example , the cotton bollworm , a common cotton pest , feeds on Bt cotton it will ingest the toxin and die . Herbicides usually work by binding to certain plant enzymes and inhibiting their action . The enzymes that the herbicide inhibits are known as the herbicides target site . Herbicide resistance can be engineered into crops by expressing a version of target site protein that is not inhibited by the herbicide . This is the method used to produce glyphosate resistant crop plants ( See Glyphosate )", "sentences": [ "The majority of commercially released transgenic plants are currently limited to plants that have introduced resistance to insect pests and herbicides .", "Insect resistance is achieved through incorporation of a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) that encodes a protein that is toxic to some insects .", "For example , the cotton bollworm , a common cotton pest , feeds on Bt cotton it will ingest the toxin and die .", "Herbicides usually work by binding to certain plant enzymes and inhibiting their action .", "The enzymes that the herbicide inhibits are known as the herbicides target site .", "Herbicide resistance can be engineered into crops by expressing a version of target site protein that is not inhibited by the herbicide .", "This is the method used to produce glyphosate resistant crop plants ( See Glyphosate )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Education reform", "text": "Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education . Historically , reforms have taken different forms because the motivations of reformers have differed . However , since the 1980s , education reform has been focused on changing the existing system from one focused on inputs to one focused on outputs ( i.e. , student achievement ) . In the United States , education reform acknowledges and encourages public education as the primary source of K - 12 education for American youth . Education reformers desire to make public education into a market ( in the form of an input - output system ) , where accountability creates high - stakes from curriculum standards tied to standardized tests . As a result of this input - output system , equality has been conceptualized as an end point , which is often evidenced by an achievement gap among diverse populations . This conceptualization of education reform is based on the market - logic of competition . As a consequence , competition creates inequality which has continued to drive the market - logic of equality at an end point by reproduce the achievement gap among diverse youth . Overall , education reform has and continues to be used as a substitute for needed economic reforms in the United States .", "sentences": [ "Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education .", "Historically , reforms have taken different forms because the motivations of reformers have differed .", "However , since the 1980s , education reform has been focused on changing the existing system from one focused on inputs to one focused on outputs ( i.e. , student achievement ) .", "In the United States , education reform acknowledges and encourages public education as the primary source of K - 12 education for American youth .", "Education reformers desire to make public education into a market ( in the form of an input - output system ) , where accountability creates high - stakes from curriculum standards tied to standardized tests .", "As a result of this input - output system , equality has been conceptualized as an end point , which is often evidenced by an achievement gap among diverse populations .", "This conceptualization of education reform is based on the market - logic of competition .", "As a consequence , competition creates inequality which has continued to drive the market - logic of equality at an end point by reproduce the achievement gap among diverse youth .", "Overall , education reform has and continues to be used as a substitute for needed economic reforms in the United States ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of Dragon Ball Super episodes", "text": "65 19 `` Is This the Final Judgement ? ! The Ultimate Power of the Absolute God '' / `` Saigo no shipan ka ! ? Zettai shin no kyūkyoku no pawā '' ( 最後 の 審判 か ! ? 絶対 神 の 究極 の 力 ( パワー ) ) November 6 , 2016 May 26 , 2018", "sentences": [ "65 19 `` Is This the Final Judgement ? !", "The Ultimate Power of the Absolute God '' / `` Saigo no shipan ka ! ?", "Zettai shin", "no kyūkyoku no pawā ''", "( 最後 の 審判 か ! ?", "絶対 神 の 究極 の 力 ( パワー ) )", "November 6 , 2016 May 26 , 2018" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again", "text": "Back in the present , the guests have arrived at the party and Sophie is reunited with her other two fathers and Sky . Sophie reveals to Sky she is pregnant and has never felt closer to her mother , having now understood what her mother went through . Bill and Rosie reunite over their grief for Donna . Sophie 's estranged grandmother and Donna 's mother , Ruby , arrives despite Sophie deciding not to invite her . She reveals that Sky tracked her down in New York and she wants to build a real relationship with Sophie . Sophie then performs a song with Tanya and Rosie in honor of her mother , with her grandmother tearfully telling her afterward how proud she is of her . It is then revealed that the manager of the hotel , Fernando , is Ruby 's ex-lover from 1959 in Mexico , and the two are joyously reunited .", "sentences": [ "Back in the present , the guests have arrived at the party and Sophie is reunited with her other two fathers and Sky .", "Sophie reveals to Sky she is pregnant and has never felt closer to her mother , having now understood what her mother went through .", "Bill and Rosie reunite over their grief for Donna .", "Sophie 's estranged grandmother and Donna 's mother , Ruby , arrives despite Sophie deciding not to invite her .", "She reveals that Sky tracked her down in New York and she wants to build a real relationship with Sophie .", "Sophie then performs a song with Tanya and Rosie in honor of her mother , with her grandmother tearfully telling her afterward how proud she is of her .", "It is then revealed that the manager of the hotel , Fernando , is Ruby 's ex-lover from 1959 in Mexico , and the two are joyously reunited ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Ink Master (season 10)", "text": "Skill of the Week : Accuracy With nine artists remaining , they must compete in a marathon where they have to tattoo a different creature of land , sea or sky in each round . Team Safety Marathon - Round 1 : The teams created octopus tattoos with one artist doing the linework while the other adds in the shadding before the third artist colors the tattoo . The winning team in this round will be safe from elimination . As winner of the last elimination tattoo , Josh assigned all the human canvases . Best Tattoo of the Day : Team Anthony Team Safety Marathon -- Round 2 : Team DJ and Team Steve work on pegasus tattoos . But they wo n't be doing it alone as each team must tag team its respective partner and coach every hour . Best Tattoo of the Day : Team DJ Face Off Tattoo : Steve watches his team square off in a fight for survival as they tattooed a full - bodied jaguar in the style selected by him which was realistic black and grey . Eliminated : FAME Note : This episode was released online ahead of its respective airdate .", "sentences": [ "Skill of the Week : Accuracy With nine artists remaining , they must compete in a marathon where they have to tattoo a different creature of land , sea or sky in each round .", "Team Safety Marathon - Round 1 : The teams created octopus tattoos with one artist doing the linework while the other adds in the shadding before the third artist colors the tattoo .", "The winning team in this round will be safe from elimination .", "As winner of the last elimination tattoo , Josh assigned all the human canvases .", "Best Tattoo of the Day : Team Anthony Team Safety Marathon --", "Round 2 : Team DJ and Team Steve work on pegasus tattoos .", "But they wo n't be doing it alone as each team must tag team its respective partner and coach every hour .", "Best Tattoo of the Day : Team DJ Face Off Tattoo : Steve watches his team square off in a fight for survival as they tattooed a full - bodied jaguar in the style selected by him which was realistic black and grey .", "Eliminated :", "FAME Note : This episode was released online ahead of its respective airdate ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Fitness culture", "text": "Personal trainers act as representative roles that represent the fitness club . It is a kind of representation for customers in term of satisfaction and loyalty to that particular fitness institution . Trainers also act as brokers , or agents , to create a link between the activities of their customers and the purchase of extra goods and services that their customers need for particular activities such as shoes for specific training , clothing , or home equipment . Trainers are also motivators of the goods and services . They are required to have technical skills in order to provide professional fitness services to their customers and they need to have good communication skills meant to persuade their customers to do more in the fitness institution , which in turn means purchasing more goods and services . Finally , personal trainers also act as entrepreneurs : creating a large network of customers for different goods and services in order to produce profits . From this point of view , personal trainers are intermediaries between customers and the fitness institution , playing a crucial role in the commercialization of fitness culture .", "sentences": [ "Personal trainers act as representative roles that represent the fitness club .", "It is a kind of representation for customers in term of satisfaction and loyalty to that particular fitness institution .", "Trainers also act as brokers , or agents , to create a link between the activities of their customers and the purchase of extra goods and services that their customers need for particular activities such as shoes for specific training , clothing , or home equipment .", "Trainers are also motivators of the goods and services .", "They are required to have technical skills in order to provide professional fitness services to their customers and they need to have good communication skills meant to persuade their customers to do more in the fitness institution , which in turn means purchasing more goods and services .", "Finally , personal trainers also act as entrepreneurs : creating a large network of customers for different goods and services in order to produce profits .", "From this point of view , personal trainers are intermediaries between customers and the fitness institution , playing a crucial role in the commercialization of fitness culture ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of The Love Boat episodes", "text": "A woman whom Stubing likes ( Barbara Rush ) comes on board but before he could make a move she hooks up with another man ( Jon Cypher ) . A friend of Doc 's ( Barbi Benton ) comes on board with her boyfriend ( Dack Rambo ) . Now she wants a commitment but the guy keeps on making excuses to the point of faking an illness . Doc tries to help her by calling his bluff but discovers he actually truly is sick . And an underage couple ( Timothy Patrick Murphy and Cristen Kauffman ) comes on board to lose their virginity together . The girl 's father ( Frank Aletter ) who 's an exec of the line tells Stubbing to make sure nothing happens between them . And Stubing lays that task on Gopher . Also", "sentences": [ "A woman whom Stubing likes ( Barbara Rush ) comes on board but before he could make a move she hooks up with another man ( Jon Cypher ) .", "A friend of Doc 's ( Barbi Benton ) comes on board with her boyfriend ( Dack Rambo ) .", "Now she wants a commitment but the guy keeps on making excuses to the point of faking an illness .", "Doc tries to help her by calling his bluff but discovers he actually truly is sick .", "And an underage couple ( Timothy Patrick Murphy and Cristen Kauffman ) comes on board to lose their virginity together .", "The girl 's father ( Frank Aletter ) who 's an exec of the line tells Stubbing to make sure nothing happens between them .", "And Stubing lays that task on Gopher .", "Also" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Name of France", "text": "Before being named France , the land was called Gaul ( Latin : Gallia ; French : Gaule ) . This name continued to be used even after the beginning of the reign of the Franks ' Kings Clovis I , Charles Martel , Pepin the Short , and Charlemagne . In fact , for as long as the cultural elites of Europe used Latin predominantly , the name Gallia continued to be used alongside the name France . In English usage , the words Gaul and Gaulish are used synonymously with Latin Gallia , Gallus and Gallicus . However the similarity of the names is probably coincidental ; the English words are borrowed from French Gaule and Gaulois , which appear to have been borrowed themselves from Germanic walha - , the usual word for the non-Germanic - speaking peoples ( Celtic - speaking and Latin - speaking indiscriminately ) . The Germanic w is regularly rendered as gu / g in French ( cf . guerre = war , garder = ward ) , and the diphthong au is the regular outcome of al before a following consonant ( cf . cheval ~ chevaux ) . Gaule or Gaulle can hardly be derived from Latin Gallia , since g would become j before a ( cf . gamba > jambe ) , and the diphthong au would be incomprehensible ; the regular outcome of Latin Gallia would have been * Jaille in French. ( 3 ) ( 4 )", "sentences": [ "Before being named France , the land was called Gaul ( Latin : Gallia ; French : Gaule ) .", "This name continued to be used even after the beginning of the reign of the Franks ' Kings Clovis I , Charles Martel , Pepin the Short , and Charlemagne .", "In fact , for as long as the cultural elites of Europe used Latin predominantly , the name Gallia continued to be used alongside the name France .", "In English usage , the words Gaul and Gaulish are used synonymously with Latin Gallia , Gallus and Gallicus .", "However the similarity of the names is probably coincidental ; the English words are borrowed from French Gaule and Gaulois , which appear to have been borrowed themselves from Germanic walha - , the usual word for the non-Germanic - speaking peoples ( Celtic - speaking and Latin - speaking indiscriminately ) .", "The Germanic w is regularly rendered as gu / g in French ( cf .", "guerre = war , garder = ward ) , and the diphthong au is the regular outcome of al before a following consonant ( cf . cheval ~ chevaux ) .", "Gaule or Gaulle can hardly be derived from Latin Gallia , since g would become j before a ( cf .", "gamba > jambe ) , and the diphthong au would be incomprehensible ; the regular outcome of Latin Gallia would have been * Jaille in French.", "( 3 ) ( 4 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Anglican Diocese of Leeds", "text": "As the largest and most populous city in the area , it was generally felt that Leeds should be the diocesan see . Thus , the new diocese would be the Diocese of Leeds and its diocesan bishop the Bishop of Leeds . Accordingly , none of the three cathedrals would be a `` principal cathedral '' . Rather , they would have equal status , with a merged college led by a presiding dean ( initially the senior one by tenure -- i.e. Jonathan Greener , Dean of Wakefield -- but later the one appointed by the diocesan bishop ) , while each cathedral 's dean would remain in charge of his or her own cathedral . Additionally , the Leeds Minster would become the pro-cathedral for the new diocese if and when the diocesan bishop decides . The governance of that church would not change , but the rector would become a canon of the diocesan college .", "sentences": [ "As the largest and most populous city in the area , it was generally felt that Leeds should be the diocesan see .", "Thus , the new diocese would be the Diocese of Leeds and its diocesan bishop the Bishop of Leeds .", "Accordingly , none of the three cathedrals would be a `` principal cathedral '' .", "Rather , they would have equal status , with a merged college led by a presiding dean ( initially the senior one by tenure -- i.e. Jonathan Greener , Dean of Wakefield -- but later the one appointed by the diocesan bishop ) , while each cathedral 's dean would remain in charge of his or her own cathedral .", "Additionally , the Leeds Minster would become the pro-cathedral for the new diocese if and when the diocesan bishop decides .", "The governance of that church would not change , but the rector would become a canon of the diocesan college ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Grateful Dead", "text": "With the exception of 1975 , when the band was on hiatus and played only four concerts together , the Grateful Dead performed many concerts every year , from their formation in April 1965 , until July 9 , 1995 . Initially all their shows were in California , principally in the San Francisco Bay Area and in or near Los Angeles . They also performed , in 1965 and 1966 , with Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters , as the house band for the Acid Tests . They toured nationally starting in June 1967 ( their first foray to New York ) , with a few detours to Canada , Europe and three nights at the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt in 1978 . They appeared at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Festival Express train tour across Canada in 1970 . They were scheduled to appear as the final act at the infamous Altamont Free Concert on December 6 , 1969 after the Rolling Stones but withdrew after security concerns . `` That 's the way things went at Altamont -- so badly that the Grateful Dead , prime organizers and movers of the festival , did n't even get to play , '' staff at Rolling Stone magazine wrote in a detailed narrative on the event ''", "sentences": [ "With the exception of 1975 , when the band was on hiatus and played only four concerts together , the Grateful Dead performed many concerts every year , from their formation in April 1965 , until July 9 , 1995 .", "Initially all their shows were in California , principally in the San Francisco Bay Area and in or near Los Angeles .", "They also performed , in 1965 and 1966 , with Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters , as the house band for the Acid Tests .", "They toured nationally starting in June 1967 ( their first foray to New York ) , with a few detours to Canada , Europe and three nights at the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt in 1978 .", "They appeared at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Festival Express train tour across Canada in 1970 .", "They were scheduled to appear as the final act at the infamous Altamont Free Concert on December 6 , 1969 after the Rolling Stones but withdrew after security concerns .", "`` That 's the way things went at Altamont -- so badly that the Grateful Dead , prime organizers and movers of the festival , did n't even get to play , '' staff at Rolling Stone magazine wrote in a detailed narrative on the event ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Framingham Heart Study", "text": "So called `` high normal blood pressure '' increases risk of cardiovascular disease ( high normal blood pressure is called prehypertension in medicine ; it is defined as a systolic pressure of 120 -- 139 mm Hg and / or a diastolic pressure of 80 -- 89 mm Hg ) . Lifetime risk of developing elevated blood pressure is 90 % . Obesity is a risk factor for heart failure . Serum aldosterone levels predict risk of elevated blood pressure . Lifetime risk for obesity is approximately 50 % . The `` SHARe '' project is announced , a genome wide association study within the Framingham Heart Study . Social contacts of individuals are relevant to whether a person is obese , and whether cigarette smokers decide to quit smoking . Four risk factors for a precursor of heart failure are discovered . 30 - year risk for serious cardiac events can be calculated . American Heart Association considers certain genomic findings of the Framingham Heart Study one of the top research achievements in cardiology . Some genes increase risk of atrial fibrillation . Risk of poor memory is increased in middle aged men and women if the parents had suffered from dementia .", "sentences": [ "So called `` high normal blood pressure '' increases risk of cardiovascular disease ( high normal blood pressure is called prehypertension in medicine ; it is defined as a systolic pressure of 120", "-- 139 mm", "Hg and / or a diastolic pressure of 80 -- 89 mm Hg ) .", "Lifetime risk of developing elevated blood pressure is 90 % .", "Obesity is a risk factor for heart failure .", "Serum aldosterone levels predict risk of elevated blood pressure .", "Lifetime risk for obesity is approximately 50 % .", "The `` SHARe '' project is announced , a genome wide association study within the Framingham Heart Study .", "Social contacts of individuals are relevant to whether a person is obese , and whether cigarette smokers decide to quit smoking .", "Four risk factors for a precursor of heart failure are discovered .", "30 - year risk for serious cardiac events can be calculated .", "American Heart Association considers certain genomic findings of the Framingham Heart Study one of the top research achievements in cardiology .", "Some genes increase risk of atrial fibrillation .", "Risk of poor memory is increased in middle aged men and women if the parents had suffered from dementia ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of earthquakes in New Zealand", "text": "Date Location Region Magnitude ( M ) Magnitude ( M ) Depth Latitude Longitude Fatalities Further information 1815 New Plymouth Taranaki 7.0 25 km 38.99 ° S 174.00 ° E 1817 Fiordland South Island 7.0 25 km 45.99 ° S 167.00 ° E 1826 Fiordland South Island 8.0 8.0 25 km 44.99 ° S 167.00 ° E 1835 South Auckland Auckland 7.0 25 km 36.99 ° S 175.00 ° E Apparently a large shallow earthquake followed by aftershocks . Evidence rests on a single report that has so far not been verified 1838 Waitotara Forest Manawatu 7.0 25 km 39.39 ° S 176.10 ° E 26 May 1840 Paraparaumu Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 175.00 ° E 8 Jul 1843 Near Taihape Manawatu 7.6 7.6 12 km 39.59 ° S 176.20 ° E 1843 Wanganui earthquake 13 Jul 1846 Snares Islands Southland 6.3 25 km 47.00 ° S 166.00 ° E 19 Nov 1846 Karamea West Coast 6.5 25 km 41.00 ° S 172.00 ° E 4 Dec 1846 Wellington Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 174.50 ° E 16 Oct 1848 Blenheim Marlborough 7.4 7.8 12 km 41.89 ° S 173.60 ° E 1848 Marlborough earthquake 27 Jul 1851 Motueka Tasman 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 173.00 ° E 23 Jan 1855 Lake Wairarapa Wairarapa 8.2 8.2 33 km 41.198 ° S 175.20 ° E 9 1855 Wairarapa earthquake 23 Feb 1863 Waipukurau Hawke 's Bay 7.5 25 km 40.00 ° S 176.50 ° E 1863 Hawke 's Bay earthquake 19 Oct 1868 Cape Farewell Tasman 7.2 12 km 40.20 ° S 173.00 ° E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 5 Jun 1869 Christchurch Canterbury 4.7 -- 5.7 5 km 43.55 ° S 172.60 ° E 1869 Christchurch earthquake 18 Jul 1876 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.8 50 km 40.19 ° S 175.80 ° E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 25 Jun 1881 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.7 33 km 40.39 ° S 175.60 ° E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 5 Dec 1881 Castle Hill Canterbury 6.0 12 km 43.13 ° S 171.77 ° E Damaged stone buildings in Christchurch , including ChristChurch Cathedral 1 Sep 1888 Lewis Pass Canterbury 7.0 7.1 12 km 42.59 ° S 172.55 ° E 1888 North Canterbury earthquake 23 Jun 1891 Port Waikato Auckland 6.2 12 km 37.43 ° S 174.43 ° E Felt in Auckland / Waikato 12 Feb 1893 Nelson Tasman Bay 6.7 70 km 40.99 ° S 173.80 ° E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 18 Aug 1895 Taupo Bay of Plenty 6.0 12 km 38.80 ° S 176.80 ° E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 8 Dec 1897 Wanganui Manawatu 6.5 40 km 39.99 ° S , 175.00 ° E Felt throughout North Island , Strong in Wanganui", "sentences": [ "Date Location Region Magnitude ( M ) Magnitude ( M ) Depth Latitude Longitude Fatalities Further information 1815 New Plymouth Taranaki 7.0 25 km 38.99 °", "S 174.00 °", "E 1817 Fiordland South Island 7.0 25 km 45.99 °", "S 167.00", "°", "E 1826 Fiordland South Island 8.0 8.0 25 km 44.99", "°", "S 167.00 °", "E 1835 South Auckland Auckland 7.0 25 km 36.99 °", "S", "175.00", "°", "E Apparently a large shallow earthquake followed by aftershocks .", "Evidence rests on a single report that has so far not been verified 1838", "Waitotara Forest Manawatu 7.0 25 km 39.39 ° S 176.10 °", "E 26 May 1840 Paraparaumu Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 175.00", "°", "E 8 Jul 1843 Near Taihape Manawatu 7.6 7.6 12 km 39.59 ° S 176.20", "° E 1843 Wanganui earthquake 13 Jul 1846 Snares Islands Southland 6.3 25 km 47.00 ° S 166.00", "°", "E 19 Nov 1846 Karamea West Coast 6.5 25 km 41.00 ° S 172.00 °", "E 4 Dec 1846 Wellington Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 174.50 °", "E 16 Oct 1848 Blenheim Marlborough 7.4 7.8 12 km 41.89", "° S 173.60 °", "E 1848 Marlborough earthquake 27 Jul 1851 Motueka Tasman 6.0 25 km 41.00 ° S 173.00 °", "E 23 Jan 1855 Lake Wairarapa Wairarapa 8.2 8.2 33 km 41.198 °", "S 175.20 °", "E 9 1855 Wairarapa earthquake 23 Feb 1863 Waipukurau Hawke 's Bay 7.5 25 km 40.00 ° S 176.50 °", "E 1863 Hawke 's Bay earthquake 19 Oct 1868 Cape Farewell Tasman 7.2 12 km 40.20", "° S 173.00", "°", "E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 5 Jun 1869 Christchurch Canterbury 4.7 -- 5.7 5 km 43.55 °", "S 172.60 °", "E 1869 Christchurch earthquake 18 Jul 1876 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.8 50 km 40.19 ° S 175.80 °", "E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 25 Jun 1881 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.7 33 km 40.39 ° S 175.60", "°", "E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 5 Dec 1881 Castle Hill Canterbury 6.0 12 km 43.13 °", "S 171.77 °", "E Damaged stone buildings in Christchurch , including ChristChurch Cathedral 1 Sep 1888 Lewis Pass Canterbury 7.0 7.1 12 km 42.59 ° S 172.55 ° E 1888 North Canterbury earthquake 23 Jun 1891 Port Waikato Auckland 6.2 12 km 37.43", "° S", "174.43 °", "E Felt in Auckland / Waikato 12 Feb 1893 Nelson Tasman Bay 6.7 70 km 40.99 °", "S", "173.80", "°", "E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 18 Aug 1895 Taupo Bay of Plenty 6.0 12 km 38.80 ° S 176.80 °", "E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 8", "Dec 1897 Wanganui Manawatu 6.5 40 km 39.99 °", "S , 175.00 ° E Felt throughout North Island , Strong in Wanganui" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Guardians of the Galaxy (film)", "text": "Vin Diesel as Groot : A tree - like humanoid who is the accomplice of Rocket . Diesel stated that he provided the voice and motion capture for Groot , after originally being in talks to star in a new Phase Three Marvel film . Diesel also provided Groot 's voice for several foreign - language releases of the film . Krystian Godlewski portrayed the character on set , though his acting was not used in the final character CGI . On the character , which Gunn based on his dog , Gunn said , `` All the Guardians start out the movie as bastards -- except Groot . He 's an innocent . He 's a hundred percent deadly and a hundred percent sweet . He 's caught up in Rocket 's life , really . '' Gunn added that the design and movement of Groot took `` the better part of a year '' to create . Gunn added , `` The ways in which Vin Diesel says , ' I am Groot , ' I am astounded . All of the ' I am Groots ' that were earlier voices did n't sound very good at all ... Vin came in and in one day , laid down all these ' I am Groot ' tracks , and he 's a perfectionist . He made me explain to him with ever ( sic ) ' I am Groot , ' exactly what he was saying ... It was amazing when we first put that voice in there how much the character changed and how much he influenced the character . '' Regarding the limited words used by Groot , Diesel said in many ways this was , `` ... the most challenging thing to ask an actor to do . '' Diesel found an emotional note in his performance , invoking the death of his friend and Fast and Furious co-star Paul Walker , saying , `` This was in December ( 2013 ) , and the first time I came back to dealing with human beings after dealing with death , so playing a character who celebrates life in the way Groot does was very nice . '' Groot 's form and size - changing abilities are seen , with Gunn stating that he has the ability to grow in the film .", "sentences": [ "Vin Diesel as Groot : A tree - like humanoid who is the accomplice of Rocket .", "Diesel stated that he provided the voice and motion capture for Groot , after originally being in talks to star in a new Phase Three Marvel film .", "Diesel also provided Groot 's voice for several foreign - language releases of the film .", "Krystian Godlewski portrayed the character on set , though his acting was not used in the final character CGI .", "On the character , which Gunn based on his dog , Gunn said , `` All the Guardians start out the movie as bastards -- except Groot .", "He 's an innocent .", "He 's a hundred percent deadly and a hundred percent sweet .", "He 's caught up in Rocket 's life , really . ''", "Gunn added that the design and movement of Groot took `` the better part of a year '' to create .", "Gunn added , `` The ways in which Vin Diesel says , ' I am Groot , ' I am astounded .", "All of the ' I am Groots ' that were earlier voices did n't sound very good at all ...", "Vin came in and in one day , laid down all these ' I am Groot ' tracks , and he 's a perfectionist .", "He made me explain to him with ever ( sic ) '", "I am Groot , ' exactly what he was saying ...", "It was amazing when we first put that voice in there how much the character changed and how much he influenced the character . ''", "Regarding the limited words used by Groot , Diesel said in many ways this was , `` ... the most challenging thing to ask an actor to do . ''", "Diesel found an emotional note in his performance , invoking the death of his friend and Fast and Furious co-star Paul Walker , saying , `` This was in December ( 2013 ) , and the first time I came back to dealing with human beings after dealing with death , so playing a character who celebrates life in the way Groot does was very nice . ''", "Groot 's form and size - changing abilities are seen , with Gunn stating that he has the ability to grow in the film ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Burning of Washington", "text": "The British government , already at war with Napoleonic France , adopted a defensive strategy against the United States when the Americans declared war in 1812 . Reinforcements were held back from Canada and reliance was instead made on local militias and native allies to bolster the British Army in Canada . However , after the defeat and exile of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 , Britain was able to use its now available troops and ships to prosecute its war with the United States . In addition to reinforcements sent to Canada , the Earl of Bathurst , Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , dispatched an army brigade and additional naval vessels to Bermuda , from where a blockade of the US coast and even the occupation of some coastal islands had been overseen throughout the war . It was decided to use these forces in raids along the Atlantic seaboard to draw American forces away from Canada . The commanders were under strict orders , however , not to carry out operations far inland , or to attempt to hold territory . Early in 1814 , Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane had been appointed Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Navy 's North America and West Indies Station , controlling naval forces based at the new Bermuda dockyard and the Halifax Naval Yard which were used to blockade US Atlantic ports throughout the war . He planned to carry the war into the United States by attacks in Virginia and against New Orleans . Admiralty", "sentences": [ "The British government , already at war with Napoleonic France , adopted a defensive strategy against the United States when the Americans declared war in 1812 .", "Reinforcements were held back from Canada and reliance was instead made on local militias and native allies to bolster the British Army in Canada .", "However , after the defeat and exile of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 , Britain was able to use its now available troops and ships to prosecute its war with the United States .", "In addition to reinforcements sent to Canada , the Earl of Bathurst , Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , dispatched an army brigade and additional naval vessels to Bermuda , from where a blockade of the US coast and even the occupation of some coastal islands had been overseen throughout the war .", "It was decided to use these forces in raids along the Atlantic seaboard to draw American forces away from Canada .", "The commanders were under strict orders , however , not to carry out operations far inland , or to attempt to hold territory .", "Early in 1814 , Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane had been appointed Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Navy 's North America and West Indies Station , controlling naval forces based at the new Bermuda dockyard and the Halifax Naval Yard which were used to blockade US Atlantic ports throughout the war .", "He planned to carry the war into the United States by attacks in Virginia and against New Orleans .", "Admiralty" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Merchant of Venice", "text": "The play was entered in the Register of the Stationers Company , the method at that time of obtaining copyright for a new play , by James Roberts on 22 July 1598 under the title The Merchant of Venice , otherwise called The Jew of Venice . On 28 October 1600 Roberts transferred his right to the play to the stationer Thomas Heyes ; Heyes published the first quarto before the end of the year . It was printed again in 1619 , as part of William Jaggard 's so - called False Folio . ( Afterward , Thomas Heyes ' son and heir Laurence Heyes asked for and was granted a confirmation of his right to the play , on 8 July 1619 . ) The 1600 edition is generally regarded as being accurate and reliable . It is the basis of the text published in the 1623 First Folio , which adds a number of stage directions , mainly musical cues .", "sentences": [ "The play was entered in the Register of the Stationers Company , the method at that time of obtaining copyright for a new play , by James Roberts on 22 July 1598 under the title The Merchant of Venice , otherwise called The Jew of Venice .", "On 28 October 1600 Roberts transferred his right to the play to the stationer Thomas Heyes ; Heyes published the first quarto before the end of the year .", "It was printed again in 1619 , as part of William Jaggard 's so - called False Folio .", "( Afterward , Thomas Heyes ' son and heir Laurence Heyes asked for and was granted a confirmation of his right to the play , on 8 July 1619 . )", "The 1600 edition is generally regarded as being accurate and reliable .", "It is the basis of the text published in the 1623 First Folio , which adds a number of stage directions , mainly musical cues ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "X-Men: Days of Future Past", "text": "A mutant who can absorb the life force and mutant abilities of anyone she touches . Kinberg wrote a shorter part for Paquin than initially planned because she did not have much time to be on - set . During post-production , Paquin 's role was reduced to a cameo after most of her scenes were cut ; these scenes were later restored on an alternate version of the film , which was released to home media . According to Kinberg , Rogue was to be rescued by the future Magneto and Xavier to provide the elder characters a mission , `` something like Unforgiven '' . Eventually the producers felt it was a subplot that did `` not service the main story '' , and reshot scenes to replace them . However , she was still featured in the film 's various promotional materials . Paquin later stated that she still had fun making the film and did not mind that the majority of her scenes had been cut from it .", "sentences": [ "A mutant who can absorb the life force and mutant abilities of anyone she touches .", "Kinberg wrote a shorter part for Paquin than initially planned because she did not have much time to be on - set .", "During post-production , Paquin 's role was reduced to a cameo after most of her scenes were cut ; these scenes were later restored on an alternate version of the film , which was released to home media .", "According to Kinberg , Rogue was to be rescued by the future Magneto and Xavier to provide the elder characters a mission , `` something like Unforgiven '' .", "Eventually the producers felt it was a subplot that did `` not service the main story '' , and reshot scenes to replace them .", "However , she was still featured in the film 's various promotional materials .", "Paquin later stated that she still had fun making the film and did not mind that the majority of her scenes had been cut from it ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Texas annexation", "text": "On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) . When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer . Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans . The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union . Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 . Following the annexation , relations between the United States and Mexico deteriorated due to an unresolved dispute over the border between Texas and Mexico , and the Mexican - American War broke out only a few months later .", "sentences": [ "On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) .", "When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer .", "Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans .", "The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union .", "Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 .", "Following the annexation , relations between the United States and Mexico deteriorated due to an unresolved dispute over the border between Texas and Mexico , and the Mexican - American War broke out only a few months later ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Magic Mirror (Snow White)", "text": "In Once Upon a Time , the Magic Mirror started out as a Genie ( played by Giancarlo Esposito ) where he and his lamp were discovered by King Leopold . King Leopold feels he no need to wish for anything and uses the first and second wishes to free the Genie from the lamp and to give the third wish to the Genie . The Genie expresses the desire to find true love , so King Leopold takes the Genie to his castle as he believes the Genie can find true love there . He falls in love with the King 's wife Queen Regina and gives her a hand mirror . The King reads in the Queen 's diary that she has fallen in love with the man who gave her the hand mirror and asks the Genie to locate him . The Queen is then locked in her room to prevent her from leaving the King . To free her , her father has the Genie bring her a locked box , which turns out to be filled with poisonous vipers from Agrabah so the Queen can kill herself . Instead , the Genie uses the vipers to kill King Leopold and allow the Queen to be with him . She tells him that since the vipers were from his country , the guards will find out that he was the murderer and flee . Realizing the Queen never loved him , he uses his wish to be always with her and to never leave her sight . This traps him in the hand mirror . As a spirit in the Magic Mirror , he is able to move between and see through all other mirrors in the Enchanted Forest . He is used by Regina to spy on and locate others .", "sentences": [ "In Once Upon a Time , the Magic Mirror started out as a Genie ( played by Giancarlo Esposito ) where he and his lamp were discovered by King Leopold .", "King Leopold feels he no need to wish for anything and uses the first and second wishes to free the Genie from the lamp and to give the third wish to the Genie .", "The Genie expresses the desire to find true love , so King Leopold takes the Genie to his castle as he believes the Genie can find true love there .", "He falls in love with the King 's wife Queen Regina and gives her a hand mirror .", "The King reads in the Queen 's diary that she has fallen in love with the man who gave her the hand mirror and asks the Genie to locate him .", "The Queen is then locked in her room to prevent her from leaving the King .", "To free her , her father has the Genie bring her a locked box , which turns out to be filled with poisonous vipers from Agrabah so the Queen can kill herself .", "Instead , the Genie uses the vipers to kill King Leopold and allow the Queen to be with him .", "She tells him that since the vipers were from his country , the guards will find out that he was the murderer and flee .", "Realizing the Queen never loved him , he uses his wish to be always with her and to never leave her sight .", "This traps him in the hand mirror .", "As a spirit in the Magic Mirror , he is able to move between and see through all other mirrors in the Enchanted Forest .", "He is used by Regina to spy on and locate others ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Gun laws in Florida", "text": "Open carry when on foot in a public area is generally illegal , but is permitted in certain circumstances , as defined by Florida statute 790.25 ( 3 ) . For example , open carry is permitted while hunting , fishing , camping , gun shows , or while shooting , and while going to and from such activities . The open carry ban statute was challenged in court but the ban was upheld . In 2010 , Florida was one of seven states that had a ban on open carrying of a weapon . In 2015 , Florida is one of five states that has a ban on open carrying of a firearm . There were 2 bills in the works to legalize open carry to those possessing a valid concealed weapons license ( see hb163 and sb300 )", "sentences": [ "Open carry when on foot in a public area is generally illegal , but is permitted in certain circumstances , as defined by Florida statute 790.25 ( 3 ) .", "For example , open carry is permitted while hunting , fishing , camping , gun shows , or while shooting , and while going to and from such activities .", "The open carry ban statute was challenged in court but the ban was upheld .", "In 2010 , Florida was one of seven states that had a ban on open carrying of a weapon .", "In 2015 , Florida is one of five states that has a ban on open carrying of a firearm .", "There were 2 bills in the works to legalize open carry to those possessing a valid concealed weapons license ( see hb163 and sb300 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Clark Sisters", "text": "One of the Clarks ' signature songs `` Is My Living In Vain '' was remade by R&B quartet Xscape , as well as Light Records gospel quartet Zie'l . An early Clark favorite `` Endow Me '' from their chart topping album You Brought The Sunshine was remade by Coko featuring Faith Evans , Fantasia Barrino , and Lil ' Mo on her 2006 gospel debut . `` You Brought The Sunshine '' has been covered by artists such as Al Green , Kelly Price , Shirley Murdock , Out of Eden , Melinda Doolittle and LeJeune Thompson . The ending vamp of the song `` I 've Got An Angel '' from the ( 1986 ) Heart & Soul album of the Clark Sisters was used by Aaliyah in the song `` Never Givin ' Up '' off of her 1996 album `` One In A Million '' . `` Hallelujah '' from the Clark Sisters was sung in the Derek Luke film Antwone Fisher , starring Denzel Washington . Mary J. Blige sampled The Clark Sisters ' 1980 `` They Were Overcome ( By the Word ) '' from their `` Is My Living in Vain ? '' album . She used the sample on `` Checkin ' for Me , '' from her 2001 smash album , `` No More Drama . '' Rapper Jay - Z sampled their song `` Ha Ya '' , as well as Beyoncé 's vocals covering the song , on the track `` Family Feud '' on his album , 4 : 44 .", "sentences": [ "One of the Clarks ' signature songs `` Is My Living In Vain '' was remade by R&B quartet Xscape , as well as Light Records gospel quartet Zie'l .", "An early Clark favorite `` Endow Me '' from their chart topping album You Brought The Sunshine was remade by Coko featuring Faith Evans , Fantasia Barrino , and Lil ' Mo on her 2006 gospel debut .", "`` You Brought The Sunshine '' has been covered by artists such as Al Green , Kelly Price , Shirley Murdock , Out of Eden , Melinda Doolittle and LeJeune Thompson .", "The ending vamp of the song `` I 've Got An Angel '' from the ( 1986 ) Heart & Soul album of the Clark Sisters was used by Aaliyah in the song `` Never Givin ' Up '' off of her 1996 album `` One In A Million '' .", "`` Hallelujah '' from the Clark Sisters was sung in the Derek Luke film Antwone Fisher , starring Denzel Washington .", "Mary J. Blige sampled The Clark Sisters ' 1980 `` They Were Overcome ( By the Word ) ''", "from their `` Is My Living in Vain ? ''", "album .", "She used the sample on `` Checkin ' for Me , '' from her 2001 smash album , `` No More Drama . ''", "Rapper Jay - Z sampled their song `` Ha Ya '' , as well as Beyoncé 's vocals covering the song , on the track `` Family Feud '' on his album , 4 : 44 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Central Intelligence Agency", "text": "Feelers the CIA had put out to Iraq in the form of eight of their best officers in Kurdish territory in Northern Iraq hit a goldmine , unprecedented in the famously closed , almost fascist Hussein government . By December 2002 the CIA had close to a dozen good networks in Iraq and would advance so far that they would penetrate Iraq 's SSO , and even tap the encrypted communications of the Deputy Prime Minister , even the bodyguard of Hussein 's son became an agent . As time passed , the CIA would become more and more frantic about the possibility of their networks being compromised , `` rolled up '' . To the CIA , the Invasion had to occur before the end of February 2003 if their sources inside Hussein 's government were to survive . The rollup would happen as predicted , 37 CIA sources recognized by their Thuraya satellite telephones provided for them by the CIA . Former", "sentences": [ "Feelers the CIA had put out to Iraq in the form of eight of their best officers in Kurdish territory in Northern Iraq hit a goldmine , unprecedented in the famously closed , almost fascist Hussein government .", "By December 2002 the CIA had close to a dozen good networks in Iraq and would advance so far that they would penetrate Iraq 's SSO , and even tap the encrypted communications of the Deputy Prime Minister , even the bodyguard of Hussein 's son became an agent .", "As time passed , the CIA would become more and more frantic about the possibility of their networks being compromised , `` rolled up '' .", "To the CIA , the Invasion had to occur before the end of February 2003 if their sources inside Hussein 's government were to survive .", "The rollup would happen as predicted , 37 CIA sources recognized by their Thuraya satellite telephones provided for them by the CIA .", "Former" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Desert", "text": "Coastal deserts are mostly found on the western edges of continental land masses in regions where cold currents approach the land or cold water upwellings rise from the ocean depths . The cool winds crossing this water pick up little moisture and the coastal regions have low temperatures and very low rainfall , the main precipitation being in the form of fog and dew . The range of temperatures on a daily and annual scale is relatively low , being 11 ° C ( 20 ° F ) and 5 ° C ( 9 ° F ) respectively in the Atacama Desert . Deserts of this type are often long and narrow and bounded to the east by mountain ranges . They occur in Namibia , Chile , southern California and Baja California . Other coastal deserts influenced by cold currents are found in Western Australia , the Arabian Peninsula and Horn of Africa , and the western fringes of the Sahara .", "sentences": [ "Coastal deserts are mostly found on the western edges of continental land masses in regions where cold currents approach the land or cold water upwellings rise from the ocean depths .", "The cool winds crossing this water pick up little moisture and the coastal regions have low temperatures and very low rainfall , the main precipitation being in the form of fog and dew .", "The range of temperatures on a daily and annual scale is relatively low , being 11 ° C ( 20 ° F ) and 5 ° C", "( 9 ° F ) respectively in the Atacama Desert .", "Deserts of this type are often long and narrow and bounded to the east by mountain ranges .", "They occur in Namibia , Chile , southern California and Baja California .", "Other coastal deserts influenced by cold currents are found in Western Australia , the Arabian Peninsula and Horn of Africa , and the western fringes of the Sahara ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Singin' in the Rain", "text": "After a rival studio has an enormous hit with its first talking picture , the 1927 film The Jazz Singer , R.F. decides he has no choice but to convert the next Lockwood and Lamont film , The Dueling Cavalier , into a talkie . The production is beset with difficulties , including Lina 's grating voice and strong New York accent . An exasperated diction coach tries to teach her how to speak properly , but to no avail . The Dueling Cavalier 's test screening is a disaster ; the actors are barely audible thanks to the awkward placing of the microphones , Don repeats the line `` I love you '' to Lina over and over , to the audience 's derisive laughter , and in the middle of the film , the sound goes out of synchronization , with hilarious results as Lina shakes her head while the villain 's deep voice says , `` Yes ! Yes ! Yes ! '' and the villain nods his head while Lina 's squeaky soprano says , `` No ! No ! No ! ''", "sentences": [ "After a rival studio has an enormous hit with its first talking picture , the 1927 film The Jazz Singer , R.F. decides he has no choice but to convert the next Lockwood and Lamont film , The Dueling Cavalier , into a talkie .", "The production is beset with difficulties , including Lina 's grating voice and strong New York accent .", "An exasperated diction coach tries to teach her how to speak properly , but to no avail .", "The Dueling Cavalier 's test screening is a disaster ; the actors are barely audible thanks to the awkward placing of the microphones , Don repeats the line `` I love you '' to Lina over and over , to the audience 's derisive laughter , and in the middle of the film , the sound goes out of synchronization , with hilarious results as Lina shakes her head while the villain 's deep voice says , `` Yes !", "Yes !", "Yes ! ''", "and the villain nods his head while Lina 's squeaky soprano says , `` No !", "No !", "No ! ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Water splitting", "text": "Some prototype Generation IV reactors , such as the High - temperature engineering test reactor , operate at 850 to 1000 degrees Celsius , considerably hotter than existing commercial nuclear power plants . General Atomics predicts that hydrogen produced in a High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor ( HTGR ) would cost $1.53 / kg . In 2003 , steam reforming of natural gas yielded hydrogen at $1.40 / kg . At 2005 gas prices , hydrogen cost $2.70 / kg . Hence , just within the United States , a savings of tens of billions of dollars per year is possible with a nuclear - powered supply . Much of this savings would translate into reduced oil and natural gas imports .", "sentences": [ "Some prototype Generation IV reactors , such as the High - temperature engineering test reactor , operate at 850 to 1000 degrees Celsius , considerably hotter than existing commercial nuclear power plants .", "General Atomics predicts that hydrogen produced in a High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor ( HTGR ) would cost $1.53 / kg .", "In 2003 , steam reforming of natural gas yielded hydrogen at $1.40 / kg .", "At 2005 gas prices , hydrogen cost $2.70 / kg .", "Hence , just within the United States , a savings of tens of billions of dollars per year is possible with a nuclear - powered supply .", "Much of this savings would translate into reduced oil and natural gas imports ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Nefertiti, Queen of the Nile", "text": "In Thebes , Benakon reveals to Tenet that he is her father . He also tells her that she is not to be a priestess ; the old pharaoh had agreed that she should marry Amenophis on his death . He gives her the new name Nefertiti and says she is to be the Queen of the Nile . Amenophis accepts her as his wife , unaware that Nefertiti is the same person as the `` Tenet '' he had given to Tumos . Tumos , an obstacle in the whole plan , has been arrested by Benakon . He eventually escapes from prison , but is attacked and mauled by a lion . He survives and is nursed by Merith ( Liana Orfei ) , an artist 's model who is in love with him . Nefertiti is told he is dead .", "sentences": [ "In Thebes , Benakon reveals to Tenet that he is her father .", "He also tells her that she is not to be a priestess ; the old pharaoh had agreed that she should marry Amenophis on his death .", "He gives her the new name Nefertiti and says she is to be the Queen of the Nile .", "Amenophis accepts her as his wife , unaware that Nefertiti is the same person as the `` Tenet '' he had given to Tumos .", "Tumos , an obstacle in the whole plan , has been arrested by Benakon .", "He eventually escapes from prison , but is attacked and mauled by a lion .", "He survives and is nursed by Merith ( Liana Orfei ) , an artist 's model who is in love with him .", "Nefertiti is told he is dead ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Step pyramid", "text": "Ziggurats were huge religious monuments built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley and western Iranian plateau , having the form of a terraced step pyramid of successively receding stories or levels . There are 32 ziggurats known at , and near , Mesopotamia . Twenty - eight of them are in Iraq , and four of them are in Iran . Notable Ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah , Iraq , the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad , Iraq , Chogha Zanbil in Khūzestān , Iran , the most recent to be discovered -- Sialk near Kashan , Iran and others . Ziggurats were built by the Sumerians , Babylonians , Elamites and Assyrians as monuments to local religions . The probable predecessors of the ziggurat were temples supported on raised platforms or terraces that date from the Ubaid period during the fourth millennium BC , and the latest date from the 6th century BC . The earliest ziggurats probably date from the latter part of the Early Dynastic Period of Sumer . Built in receding tiers upon a rectangular , oval , or square platform , the ziggurat was a pyramidal structure . Sun - baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside . The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance . Kings sometimes had their names engraved on these glazed bricks . The number of tiers ranged from two to seven , with a shrine or temple at the summit . Access to the shrine was provided by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit . It was also called Hill of Heaven or Mountain of the gods .", "sentences": [ "Ziggurats were huge religious monuments built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley and western Iranian plateau , having the form of a terraced step pyramid of successively receding stories or levels .", "There are 32 ziggurats known at , and near , Mesopotamia .", "Twenty - eight of them are in Iraq , and four of them are in Iran .", "Notable Ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah , Iraq , the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad , Iraq , Chogha Zanbil in Khūzestān , Iran , the most recent to be discovered -- Sialk near Kashan , Iran and others .", "Ziggurats were built by the Sumerians , Babylonians , Elamites and Assyrians as monuments to local religions .", "The probable predecessors of the ziggurat were temples supported on raised platforms or terraces that date from the Ubaid period during the fourth millennium BC , and the latest date from the 6th century BC .", "The earliest ziggurats probably date from the latter part of the Early Dynastic Period of Sumer .", "Built in receding tiers upon a rectangular , oval , or square platform , the ziggurat was a pyramidal structure .", "Sun - baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside .", "The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance .", "Kings sometimes had their names engraved on these glazed bricks .", "The number of tiers ranged from two to seven , with a shrine or temple at the summit .", "Access to the shrine was provided by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit .", "It was also called Hill of Heaven or Mountain of the gods ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Peanuts Movie", "text": "When the Little Red - Haired Girl moves into his neighborhood , Charlie Brown becomes infatuated with her , though worries his long - running streak of failures will prevent her from noticing him . After Lucy tells him he should try being more confident , Charlie Brown decides to embark upon a series of new activities in hope of finding one that will get the Little Red - Haired Girl to notice him . His first attempt is to participate in the school 's talent show with a magic act and Snoopy helps as well as Woodstock . However , when Sally 's act goes wrong , Charlie Brown sacrifices his time for her , then rescues his sister from being humiliated , although he humiliates himself in return . Charlie Brown subsequently decides to impress the Little Red - Haired Girl with dance skills , so he signs up for the school dance and gets Snoopy to teach him all his best moves . At the dance , Charlie Brown starts to attract praise for his skills , but then he slips and sets off the sprinkler system , causing the dance to be cut short and all the other students to look down upon him once more .", "sentences": [ "When the Little Red - Haired Girl moves into his neighborhood , Charlie Brown becomes infatuated with her , though worries his long - running streak of failures will prevent her from noticing him .", "After Lucy tells him he should try being more confident , Charlie Brown decides to embark upon a series of new activities in hope of finding one that will get the Little Red - Haired Girl to notice him .", "His first attempt is to participate in the school 's talent show with a magic act and Snoopy helps as well as Woodstock .", "However , when Sally 's act goes wrong , Charlie Brown sacrifices his time for her , then rescues his sister from being humiliated , although he humiliates himself in return .", "Charlie Brown subsequently decides to impress the Little Red - Haired Girl with dance skills , so he signs up for the school dance and gets Snoopy to teach him all his best moves .", "At the dance , Charlie Brown starts to attract praise for his skills , but then he slips and sets off the sprinkler system , causing the dance to be cut short and all the other students to look down upon him once more ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sara Tancredi", "text": "In the last third of the season , Sara becomes Michael 's only remaining ally , as Lincoln makes a deal with The Company to get Scylla back in exchange for Michael 's surgery . Michael refuses to accept this deal , and escapes from The Company 's clutches after the surgery with Sara 's help . The plot of the next few episodes see Michael and Lincoln 's teams working against each other to acquire Scylla . Sara 's character gives critical help to Michael , such as distracting a guard at the airport where they capture Vincent Sandinsky , a scientist that appears to have ties to The Company . Sara also attempts to comfort Michael after he learns that his mother , Christina Rose Scofield , is still alive and a Company operative and the buyer of Scylla . In the same episode it is revealed that Sara is pregnant with Michael 's child . In `` Cowboys and Indians '' , Michael and Lincoln put their differences aside and work together to steal Scylla from Christina . Meanwhile , Sara is kidnapped by The Company to hold Michael at ransom . In this and the next episode `` Rate of Exchange '' , Sara shares screen - time with T - Bag for the first time . She is almost raped by him , but is rescued by Michael at the last minute . In the series finale , they hand Scylla over to the UN and are all exonerated . Their happiness is short - lived when it is revealed that Michael 's tumor is back . In the epilogue of the series set four years later , Sara is shown living in Panama with her son , Michael Scofield Jr. ( presumably she is forced to relocate there after her escape from prison as documented in the Final Break ) . She then appears at Michael 's grave with her son at the reunion of many of the series ' principal characters - Lincoln , Mahone and Sucre . She lays flowers on Michael 's grave and the series ends with all the characters walking towards the seaside in the sun .", "sentences": [ "In the last third of the season , Sara becomes Michael 's only remaining ally , as Lincoln makes a deal with The Company to get Scylla back in exchange for Michael 's surgery .", "Michael refuses to accept this deal , and escapes from The Company 's clutches after the surgery with Sara 's help .", "The plot of the next few episodes see Michael and Lincoln 's teams working against each other to acquire Scylla .", "Sara 's character gives critical help to Michael , such as distracting a guard at the airport where they capture Vincent Sandinsky , a scientist that appears to have ties to The Company .", "Sara also attempts to comfort Michael after he learns that his mother , Christina Rose Scofield , is still alive and a Company operative and the buyer of Scylla .", "In the same episode it is revealed that Sara is pregnant with Michael 's child .", "In `` Cowboys and Indians '' , Michael and Lincoln put their differences aside and work together to steal Scylla from Christina .", "Meanwhile , Sara is kidnapped by The Company to hold Michael at ransom .", "In this and the next episode `` Rate of Exchange '' , Sara shares screen - time with T - Bag for the first time .", "She is almost raped by him , but is rescued by Michael at the last minute .", "In the series finale , they hand Scylla over to the UN and are all exonerated .", "Their happiness is short - lived when it is revealed that Michael 's tumor is back .", "In the epilogue of the series set four years later , Sara is shown living in Panama with her son , Michael Scofield Jr. ( presumably she is forced to relocate there after her escape from prison as documented in the Final Break ) .", "She then appears at Michael 's grave with her son at the reunion of many of the series ' principal characters - Lincoln , Mahone and Sucre .", "She lays flowers on Michael 's grave and the series ends with all the characters walking towards the seaside in the sun ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Mid-ocean ridge", "text": "The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself . Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old . The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges . Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches . As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid . The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere .", "sentences": [ "The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself .", "Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old .", "The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges .", "Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches .", "As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid .", "The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Nile", "text": "Nile The river in Uganda Countries Egypt , Sudan , South Sudan , Ethiopia , Uganda , Congo , Kenya , Tanzania , Rwanda , Burundi , Eritrea Major cities Jinja , Juba , Khartoum , Cairo Physical characteristics Main source White Nile Rwanda 2,700 m ( 8,900 ft ) 02 ° 16 ′ 56 '' S 29 ° 19 ′ 53 '' E  /  2.28222 ° S 29.33139 ° E  / - 2.28222 ; 29.33139 2nd source Blue Nile Lake Tana , Ethiopia 12 ° 02 ′ 09 '' N 037 ° 15 ′ 53 '' E  /  12.03583 ° N 37.26472 ° E  / 12.03583 ; 37.26472 River mouth Mediterranean Sea Egypt Sea level 30 ° 10 ′ N 31 ° 09 ′ E  /  30.167 ° N 31.150 ° E  / 30.167 ; 31.150 Coordinates : 30 ° 10 ′ N 31 ° 09 ′ E  /  30.167 ° N 31.150 ° E  / 30.167 ; 31.150 Length 6,853 km ( 4,258 mi ) Width Maximum width : 2.8 km ( 1.7 mi ) Depth Average depth : 8 -- 11 m ( 26 -- 36 ft ) Discharge Average rate : 2,830 m / s ( 100,000 cu ft / s ) Basin features Basin size 3,400,000 km ( 1,300,000 sq mi )", "sentences": [ "Nile The river in Uganda Countries Egypt , Sudan , South Sudan , Ethiopia , Uganda , Congo , Kenya , Tanzania , Rwanda , Burundi , Eritrea Major cities Jinja , Juba , Khartoum , Cairo Physical characteristics", "Main source White Nile Rwanda 2,700 m ( 8,900 ft ) 02 ° 16 ′ 56 '' S 29 ° 19 ′ 53 '' E  /  2.28222 ° S 29.33139", "°", "E  / - 2.28222 ; 29.33139 2nd source Blue Nile Lake Tana , Ethiopia 12 ° 02", "′ 09 ''", "N 037 ° 15 ′ 53 '' E  /  12.03583 ° N 37.26472 °", "E  / 12.03583 ; 37.26472 River mouth Mediterranean Sea Egypt Sea level 30 ° 10 ′ N 31 ° 09", "′ E  /  30.167 ° N 31.150 °", "E  / 30.167 ; 31.150 Coordinates : 30 ° 10 ′ N 31 ° 09 ′ E  /  30.167 ° N 31.150 °", "E  / 30.167 ; 31.150 Length 6,853 km ( 4,258 mi )", "Width Maximum width : 2.8 km ( 1.7 mi ) Depth Average depth : 8 -- 11 m ( 26 -- 36 ft )", "Discharge Average rate : 2,830 m / s ( 100,000 cu ft / s ) Basin features Basin size 3,400,000 km ( 1,300,000 sq mi )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "YouTube Play Button", "text": "The Silver Play Button , for channels that surpass 100,000 subscribers . Old version made of nickel plated copper - nickel alloy . The Gold Play Button , for channels that surpass 1,000,000 subscribers . Made of golden plated brass . The Diamond Play Button , for channels that surpass 10,000,000 subscribers . Made of silver plated metal inset with a large piece of crystal in the shape of a play button triangle . In December 2016 , YouTuber PewDiePie received a ruby trophy , known as the Ruby Play Button , as a gift for reaching 50,000,000 subscribers . It was made in the shape of his channel 's logo , a hand in the process of giving a fist bump . It came with several mini-awards to give out to subscribers that was with him the longest and are still active . It is not referenced in the Creators Award page and it is unknown if such a trophy will be given out to any other YouTuber who surpasses the milestone in the future .", "sentences": [ "The Silver Play Button , for channels that surpass 100,000 subscribers .", "Old version made of nickel plated copper - nickel alloy .", "The Gold Play Button , for channels that surpass 1,000,000 subscribers .", "Made of golden plated brass .", "The Diamond Play Button , for channels that surpass 10,000,000 subscribers .", "Made of silver plated metal inset with a large piece of crystal in the shape of a play button triangle .", "In December 2016 , YouTuber PewDiePie received a ruby trophy , known as the Ruby Play Button , as a gift for reaching 50,000,000 subscribers .", "It was made in the shape of his channel 's logo , a hand in the process of giving a fist bump .", "It came with several mini-awards to give out to subscribers that was with him the longest and are still active .", "It is not referenced in the Creators Award page and it is unknown if such a trophy will be given out to any other YouTuber who surpasses the milestone in the future ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Torrey DeVitto", "text": "DeVitto was born and raised in Huntington on Long Island , New York and Winter Park , Florida . Her parents are Mary ( née Torrey ) and Liberty DeVitto ; her father was a long - time drummer for Billy Joel . They met in 1983 . Her mother had been Stevie Nicks 's best friend since the late 1970s and met DeVitto 's father when he was the drummer on Nicks ' Wild Heart Tour . On the day of her birth , Joel was performing at the Wembley Arena and made a special note before beginning `` The Longest Time '' that DeVitto 's wife was having a baby , causing a standing ovation for DeVitto , who was playing the drums at the concert . She was named Torrey after her mother 's maiden name . She has an older sister Devon , and two younger sisters Maryelle and baby sister whose name has not yet been revealed . Her sister Maryelle was a contestant in the Discovery Kids reality competition show Endurance . As a child , DeVitto spent a lot of time touring with her parents .", "sentences": [ "DeVitto was born and raised in Huntington on Long Island , New York and Winter Park , Florida .", "Her parents are Mary ( née Torrey ) and Liberty DeVitto ; her father was a long - time drummer for Billy Joel .", "They met in 1983 .", "Her mother had been Stevie Nicks 's best friend since the late 1970s and met DeVitto 's father when he was the drummer on Nicks ' Wild Heart Tour .", "On the day of her birth , Joel was performing at the Wembley Arena and made a special note before beginning `` The Longest Time '' that DeVitto 's wife was having a baby , causing a standing ovation for DeVitto , who was playing the drums at the concert .", "She was named Torrey after her mother 's maiden name .", "She has an older sister Devon , and two younger sisters Maryelle and baby sister whose name has not yet been revealed .", "Her sister Maryelle was a contestant in the Discovery Kids reality competition show Endurance .", "As a child , DeVitto spent a lot of time touring with her parents ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Cytokinesis", "text": "At the cytokinesis furrow , it is the actin - myosin contractile ring that drives the cleavage process , during which cell membrane and wall grow inward , which eventually pinches the mother cell in two . The key components of this ring are the filamentous protein actin and the motor protein myosin II . The contractile ring assembles equatorially ( in the middle of the cell ) at the cell cortex ( adjacent to the cell membrane ) . Rho protein family ( RhoA protein in mammalian cells ) is a key regulator of contractile ring formation and contraction in animal cells . The RhoA pathway promotes assembly of the actin - myosin ring by two main effectors . First , RhoA stimulates nucleation of unbranched actin filaments by activation of Diaphanous - related formins . This local generation of new actin filaments is important for the contractile ring formation . This actin filament formation process also requires a protein called profilin , which binds to actin monomers and helps load them onto the filament end . Second , RhoA promotes myosin II activation by the kinase ROCK , which activates myosin II directly by phosphorylation of the myosin light chain and also inhibits myosin phosphatase by phosphorylation of the phosphatase - targeting subunit MYPT . Besides actin and myosin II , the contractile ring contains the scaffolding protein anillin . Anillin binds to actin , myosin , RhoA and CYK - 4 , and thereby links the equatorial cortex with the signals from the central spindle . It also contributes to the linkage of the actin - myosin ring to the plasma membrane . Another protein , septin , has also been speculated to serve as a structural scaffold on which the cytokinesis apparatus is organized . Following its assembly , contraction of the actin - myosin ring leads to ingression of the attached plasma membrane , which partitions the cytoplasm into two domains of emerging sister cells . The force for the contractile processes is generated by movements along actin by the motor protein myosin II . Myosin II uses the free energy released when ATP is hydrolysed to move along these actin filaments , constricting the cell membrane to form a cleavage furrow . Continued hydrolysis causes this cleavage furrow to ingress ( move inwards ) , a striking process that is clearly visible through a light microscope .", "sentences": [ "At the cytokinesis furrow , it is the actin - myosin contractile ring that drives the cleavage process , during which cell membrane and wall grow inward , which eventually pinches the mother cell in two .", "The key components of this ring are the filamentous protein actin and the motor protein myosin II .", "The contractile ring assembles equatorially ( in the middle of the cell ) at the cell cortex ( adjacent to the cell membrane ) .", "Rho protein family ( RhoA protein in mammalian cells ) is a key regulator of contractile ring formation and contraction in animal cells .", "The RhoA pathway promotes assembly of the actin - myosin ring by two main effectors .", "First , RhoA stimulates nucleation of unbranched actin filaments by activation of Diaphanous - related formins .", "This local generation of new actin filaments is important for the contractile ring formation .", "This actin filament formation process also requires a protein called profilin , which binds to actin monomers and helps load them onto the filament end .", "Second , RhoA promotes myosin II activation by the kinase ROCK , which activates myosin II directly by phosphorylation of the myosin light chain and also inhibits myosin phosphatase by phosphorylation of the phosphatase - targeting subunit MYPT .", "Besides actin and myosin II , the contractile ring contains the scaffolding protein anillin .", "Anillin binds to actin , myosin , RhoA and CYK - 4 , and thereby links the equatorial cortex with the signals from the central spindle .", "It also contributes to the linkage of the actin - myosin ring to the plasma membrane .", "Another protein , septin , has also been speculated to serve as a structural scaffold on which the cytokinesis apparatus is organized .", "Following its assembly , contraction of the actin - myosin ring leads to ingression of the attached plasma membrane , which partitions the cytoplasm into two domains of emerging sister cells .", "The force for the contractile processes is generated by movements along actin by the motor protein myosin II .", "Myosin II uses the free energy released when ATP is hydrolysed to move along these actin filaments , constricting the cell membrane to form a cleavage furrow .", "Continued hydrolysis causes this cleavage furrow to ingress ( move inwards ) , a striking process that is clearly visible through a light microscope ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Magick (Thelema)", "text": "Yoga , as Crowley interprets it , involves several key components . The first is Asana , which is the assumption ( after eventual success ) of any easy , steady and comfortable posture so as to maintain a good physique which complements the high level of enlightenment that meditation is accompanied with . Next is Pranayama , which is the control of breath . Yogis believe that the number of breaths a human takes are counted before one is even born and thus , by controlling the intake one may also be able to control the life . Mantram , the use of mantras enables the subject to use the knowledge of the Vedas `` Atharva Veda '' in this context adequately . Yama and Niyama are the adopted moral or behavioral codes ( of the adept 's choosing ) that will be least likely to excite the mind . Pratyahara is the stilling of the thoughts so that the mind becomes quiet . Dharana is the beginning of concentration , usually on a single shape , like a triangle , which eventually leads to Dhyana , the loss of distinction between object and subject , which can be described as the annihilation of the ego ( or sense of a separate self ) . The final stage is Samādhi -- Union with the All ; it is considered to be the utmost level of awareness that one could possibly achieve . According to Hindu mythology , one of their main three deities , Shiva , had mastered this and thus was bestowed upon with stupendous power and control .", "sentences": [ "Yoga , as Crowley interprets it , involves several key components .", "The first is Asana , which is the assumption ( after eventual success ) of any easy , steady and comfortable posture so as to maintain a good physique which complements the high level of enlightenment that meditation is accompanied with .", "Next is Pranayama , which is the control of breath .", "Yogis believe that the number of breaths a human takes are counted before one is even born and thus , by controlling the intake one may also be able to control the life .", "Mantram , the use of mantras enables the subject to use the knowledge of the Vedas `` Atharva Veda '' in this context adequately .", "Yama and Niyama are the adopted moral or behavioral codes ( of the adept 's choosing ) that will be least likely to excite the mind .", "Pratyahara is the stilling of the thoughts so that the mind becomes quiet .", "Dharana is the beginning of concentration , usually on a single shape , like a triangle , which eventually leads to Dhyana , the loss of distinction between object and subject , which can be described as the annihilation of the ego ( or sense of a separate self ) .", "The final stage is Samādhi -- Union with the All ; it is considered to be the utmost level of awareness that one could possibly achieve .", "According to Hindu mythology , one of their main three deities , Shiva , had mastered this and thus was bestowed upon with stupendous power and control ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Phryne Fisher", "text": "Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Television Drama Series ( 2016 ) Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2016 ) Australian Film Institute Award Winner for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2014 ) Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama ( Essie Davis , 2013 ) Logie Awards , Gold Logie Award Nomination ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Best Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Outstanding Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Popular Actress ( Ashleigh Cummings , 2013 ) Sichuan Television Festival , Gold Panda Award Nomination for Best Writing for a Television Series ( 2013 )", "sentences": [ "Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Television Drama Series ( 2016 )", "Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2016 )", "Australian Film Institute Award Winner for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2014 )", "Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama ( Essie Davis , 2013 )", "Logie Awards , Gold Logie Award Nomination ( Essie Davis , 2016 )", "Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Best Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 )", "Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Outstanding Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 )", "Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Popular Actress ( Ashleigh Cummings , 2013 )", "Sichuan Television Festival , Gold Panda Award Nomination for Best Writing for a Television Series ( 2013 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "New trade theory", "text": "The theory was initially associated with Paul Krugman in the late 1970s ; Krugman claims that he heard about monopolistic competition from Robert Solow . Looking back in 1996 Krugman wrote that International economics a generation earlier had completely ignored returns to scale . `` The idea that trade might reflect an overlay of increasing - returns specialization on comparative advantage was not there at all : instead , the ruling idea was that increasing returns would simply alter the pattern of comparative advantage . '' In 1976 , however , MIT - trained economist Victor Norman had worked out the central elements of what came to be known as the Helpman -- Krugman theory . He wrote it up and showed it to Avinash Dixit . However , they both agreed the results were not very significant . Indeed , Norman never had the paper typed up , much less published . Norman 's formal stake in the race comes from the final chapters of the famous Dixit -- Norman book .", "sentences": [ "The theory was initially associated with Paul Krugman in the late 1970s ; Krugman claims that he heard about monopolistic competition from Robert Solow .", "Looking back in 1996 Krugman wrote that International economics a generation earlier had completely ignored returns to scale .", "`` The idea that trade might reflect an overlay of increasing - returns specialization on comparative advantage was not there at all : instead , the ruling idea was that increasing returns would simply alter the pattern of comparative advantage . ''", "In 1976 , however , MIT - trained economist Victor Norman had worked out the central elements of what came to be known as the Helpman -- Krugman theory .", "He wrote it up and showed it to Avinash Dixit .", "However , they both agreed the results were not very significant .", "Indeed , Norman never had the paper typed up , much less published .", "Norman 's formal stake in the race comes from the final chapters of the famous Dixit -- Norman book ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Default gateway", "text": "A packet addressed outside of this range , for this example , addressed to 192.168. 12.3 , can not travel directly to the destination . Instead it must be sent to the default gateway for further routing to their ultimate destination . In this example , the default gateway uses the IP address 192.168. 4.1 , which is resolved into a MAC address with ARP in the usual way . The destination IP address remains 192.168. 12.3 , but the next - hop physical address is that of the gateway , rather than of the ultimate destination .", "sentences": [ "A packet addressed outside of this range , for this example , addressed to 192.168.", "12.3 , can not travel directly to the destination .", "Instead it must be sent to the default gateway for further routing to their ultimate destination .", "In this example , the default gateway uses the IP address 192.168.", "4.1 , which is resolved into a MAC address with ARP in the usual way .", "The destination IP address remains 192.168.", "12.3 , but the next - hop physical address is that of the gateway , rather than of the ultimate destination ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of laptops", "text": "hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( July 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs attention from an expert in History of Science . Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article . WikiProject History of Science may be able to help recruit an expert . ( November 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "sentences": [ "hide This article has multiple issues .", "Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .", "( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )", "This article possibly contains original research .", "Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .", "Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .", "( July 2008 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "This article needs attention from an expert in History of Science .", "Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article .", "WikiProject History of Science may be able to help recruit an expert .", "( November 2008 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "In-N-Out Burger", "text": "This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) In", "sentences": [ "This section needs additional citations for verification .", "Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .", "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .", "( August 2012 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "In" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Bachelor's degree", "text": "University admission is extremely competitive , with attendant advantages and disadvantages . Nonetheless , it takes four to five years to complete a bachelor 's degree . In cases of poor performance , the time limit is double the standard amount of time . For example , one may not study for more than 10 years for a five - year course . Students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer . Nigerian universities offer B.Sc. , B. Tech. ( usually from Universities of Technology ) , B. Arch . ( six years ) , and other specialized undergraduate degrees , such as B. Eng . Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES ( Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme ) but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees . A semester for project work / thesis is required , not excluding course work , during the bachelor thesis in the final year . The classifications of degrees : first - class , second - class ( upper and lower ) , third - class ( with honours ; i.e. , B.Sc . ( Hons ) ) and a pass ( no honours ) . First - and second - class graduates are immediately eligible for advanced postgraduate degrees ( i.e. , M.Sc. and Ph. D . ) , but other classes may be required for an additional postgraduate diploma before such eligibility .", "sentences": [ "University admission is extremely competitive , with attendant advantages and disadvantages .", "Nonetheless , it takes four to five years to complete a bachelor 's degree .", "In cases of poor performance , the time limit is double the standard amount of time .", "For example , one may not study for more than 10 years for a five - year course .", "Students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer .", "Nigerian universities offer B.Sc. , B. Tech.", "( usually from Universities of Technology ) , B. Arch .", "( six years ) , and other specialized undergraduate degrees , such as B. Eng .", "Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES ( Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme ) but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees .", "A semester for project work / thesis is required , not excluding course work , during the bachelor thesis in the final year .", "The classifications of degrees : first - class , second - class ( upper and lower ) , third - class ( with honours ; i.e. , B.Sc .", "( Hons ) ) and a pass ( no honours ) .", "First - and second - class graduates are immediately eligible for advanced postgraduate degrees ( i.e. , M.Sc. and Ph. D . )", ", but other classes may be required for an additional postgraduate diploma before such eligibility ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Bill of Rights 1689", "text": "by assuming and exercising a power of dispensing with and suspending of laws and the execution of laws without consent of Parliament ; by prosecuting the Seven Bishops ; by establishing of the court of commissioners for ecclesiastical causes ; by levying taxes for the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative as if the same was granted by Parliament ; by raising and keeping a standing army within this kingdom in time of peace without consent of Parliament ; by causing Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when papists were both armed and employed contrary to law ; by violating the freedom of election of members to serve in Parliament ; by prosecutions in the Court of King 's Bench for matters and causes cognizable only in Parliament , and by divers other arbitrary and illegal courses ; by employing unqualified persons on juries in trials , and jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders ; by imposing excessive bail on persons committed in criminal cases against the laws made for the liberty of the subjects ; by imposing excessive fines and illegal and cruel punishments ; by making several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied ; all which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm .", "sentences": [ "by assuming and exercising a power of dispensing with and suspending of laws and the execution of laws without consent of Parliament ;", "by prosecuting the Seven Bishops ;", "by establishing of the court of commissioners for ecclesiastical causes ;", "by levying taxes for the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative as if the same was granted by Parliament ; by raising and keeping a standing army within this kingdom in time of peace without consent of Parliament ;", "by causing Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when papists were both armed and employed contrary to law ;", "by violating the freedom of election of members to serve in Parliament ; by prosecutions in the Court of King 's Bench for matters and causes cognizable only in Parliament , and by divers other arbitrary and illegal courses ; by employing unqualified persons on juries in trials , and jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders ;", "by imposing excessive bail on persons committed in criminal cases against the laws made for the liberty of the subjects ;", "by imposing excessive fines and illegal and cruel punishments ; by making several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied ; all which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Ford Explorer", "text": "The Mazda Navajo is a rebadged version of the first - generation Ford Explorer Sport that was sold during the 1991 to 1994 model years . It was Mazda 's first sport - utility vehicle in North America and was sold exclusively in the United States ( Mazda 's Canadian division declined to market the vehicle ) . At its launch , the Navajo was sold in a single configuration , a three - door body with four - wheel drive . As with the Explorer , it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant . The Navajo was Motor Trend magazine 's Truck of the Year for 1991 . The Navajo was not offered in Japan .", "sentences": [ "The Mazda Navajo is a rebadged version of the first - generation Ford Explorer Sport that was sold during the 1991 to 1994 model years .", "It was Mazda 's first sport - utility vehicle in North America and was sold exclusively in the United States ( Mazda 's Canadian division declined to market the vehicle ) .", "At its launch , the Navajo was sold in a single configuration , a three - door body with four - wheel drive .", "As with the Explorer , it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant .", "The Navajo was Motor Trend magazine 's Truck of the Year for 1991 .", "The Navajo was not offered in Japan ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Confidence interval", "text": "Pr θ , φ ( u ( X ) < θ < v ( X ) ) ≥ γ for all ( θ , φ ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ Pr ) _ ( \\ theta , \\ varphi ) ( u ( X ) < \\ theta < v ( X ) ) \\ geq \\ gamma ( \\ text ( for all ) ) ( \\ theta , \\ varphi ) \\ , )", "sentences": [ "Pr θ , φ ( u ( X ) < θ < v ( X ) )", "≥", "γ for all ( θ , φ ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ Pr )", "_", "( \\ theta , \\ varphi )", "( u ( X ) <", "\\ theta < v ( X ) )", "\\ geq \\ gamma ( \\ text ( for all ) )", "( \\ theta , \\ varphi )", "\\ , )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Individualism", "text": "The Russian - American poet Joseph Brodsky once manifested that `` The surest defense against Evil is extreme individualism , originality of thinking , whimsicality , even -- if you will -- eccentricity . That is , something that ca n't be feigned , faked , imitated ; something even a seasoned imposter could n't be happy with . '' Ralph Waldo Emerson famously declared `` , `` Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist '' -- a point of view developed at length in both the life and work of ( Henry David ) Thoreau . Equally memorable and influential on Walt Whitman is Emerson 's idea that `` a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds , adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines . '' ... Emerson opposes on principle the reliance on social structures ( civil , religious ) precisely because through them the individual approaches the divine second hand , mediated by the once original experience of a genius from another age : `` An institution , '' as he explains , `` is the lengthened shadow of one man . '' To achieve this original relation one must `` Insist on one 's self ; never imitate '' for if the relationship is secondary the connection is lost . ''", "sentences": [ "The Russian - American poet Joseph Brodsky once manifested that `` The surest defense against Evil is extreme individualism , originality of thinking , whimsicality , even -- if you will -- eccentricity .", "That is , something that ca n't be feigned , faked , imitated ; something even a seasoned imposter could n't be happy with . ''", "Ralph Waldo Emerson famously declared `` , `` Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist '' -- a point of view developed at length in both the life and work of ( Henry David ) Thoreau .", "Equally memorable and influential on Walt Whitman is Emerson 's idea that `` a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds , adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines . ''", "...", "Emerson opposes on principle the reliance on social structures ( civil , religious ) precisely because through them the individual approaches the divine second hand , mediated by the once original experience of a genius from another age : `` An institution , '' as he explains , `` is the lengthened shadow of one man . ''", "To achieve this original relation one must `` Insist on one 's self ; never imitate '' for if the relationship is secondary the connection is lost . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of mathematical symbols", "text": "= : : = ≡ : ⇔ ≜ ≝ ≐ = : ( \\ displaystyle = : ) : = ( \\ displaystyle : = ) ≡ ( \\ displaystyle \\ equiv ) \\ equiv : ⇔ ( \\ displaystyle : \\ Leftrightarrow ) : \\ Leftrightarrow ≜ ( \\ displaystyle \\ triangleq ) \\ triangleq = d e f ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) ) ( = ) ) ) \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) ) ( = ) ≐ ( \\ displaystyle \\ doteq ) \\ doteq definition is defined as ; is equal by definition to everywhere x : = y , y = : x or x ≡ y means x is defined to be another name for y , under certain assumptions taken in context . ( Some writers use ≡ to mean congruence ) . P ⇔ Q means P is defined to be logically equivalent to Q . cosh ⁡ x : = e x + e − x 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ cosh x : = ( \\ frac ( e ^ ( x ) + e ^ ( - x ) ) ( 2 ) ) ) ( a , b ) : = a ⋅ b − b ⋅ a ( \\ displaystyle ( a , b ) : = a \\ cdot b-b \\ cdot a )", "sentences": [ "= : : = ≡ : ⇔ ≜ ≝ ≐", "= : ( \\ displaystyle = : ) :", "= ( \\ displaystyle : = ) ≡ ( \\ displaystyle \\ equiv )", "\\ equiv : ⇔ ( \\ displaystyle :", "\\ Leftrightarrow ) :", "\\ Leftrightarrow ≜ ( \\ displaystyle \\ triangleq )", "\\ triangleq = d e f ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) )", "( = ) ) )", "\\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) )", "( = ) ≐ ( \\ displaystyle \\ doteq )", "\\ doteq definition is defined as ; is equal by definition to everywhere x : = y , y = : x or x ≡ y means x is defined to be another name for y , under certain assumptions taken in context .", "( Some writers use ≡ to mean congruence ) .", "P ⇔ Q means P is defined to be logically equivalent to Q .", "cosh ⁡ x : = e x + e", "− x 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ cosh", "x : = ( \\ frac ( e ^ ( x ) + e ^ ( - x ) )", "( 2 ) ) )", "( a , b ) : = a ⋅ b − b ⋅ a ( \\ displaystyle ( a , b ) : = a \\ cdot b-b \\ cdot a )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Uluru", "text": "While exploring the area in 1872 , Giles sighted Kata Tjuta from a location near Kings Canyon and called it Mount Olga , while the following year Gosse observed Uluru and named it Ayers Rock , in honour of the Chief Secretary of South Australia , Sir Henry Ayers . Further explorations followed with the aim of establishing the possibilities of the area for pastoralism . In the late 19th century , pastoralists attempted to establish themselves in areas adjoining the Southwestern / Petermann Reserve and interaction between Aṉangu and white people became more frequent and more violent . Due to the effects of grazing and drought , bush food stores became depleted . Competition for these resources created conflict between the two groups , resulting in more frequent police patrols . Later , during the depression in the 1930s , Aṉangu became involved in dingo scalping with ' doggers ' who introduced Aṉangu to European foods and ways .", "sentences": [ "While exploring the area in 1872 , Giles sighted Kata Tjuta from a location near Kings Canyon and called it Mount Olga , while the following year Gosse observed Uluru and named it Ayers Rock , in honour of the Chief Secretary of South Australia , Sir Henry Ayers .", "Further explorations followed with the aim of establishing the possibilities of the area for pastoralism .", "In the late 19th century , pastoralists attempted to establish themselves in areas adjoining the Southwestern / Petermann Reserve and interaction between Aṉangu and white people became more frequent and more violent .", "Due to the effects of grazing and drought , bush food stores became depleted .", "Competition for these resources created conflict between the two groups , resulting in more frequent police patrols .", "Later , during the depression in the 1930s , Aṉangu became involved in dingo scalping with ' doggers ' who introduced Aṉangu to European foods and ways ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Scientific method", "text": "Goldhaber and Nieto published in 2010 the observation that if theoretical structures with `` many closely neighboring subjects are described by connecting theoretical concepts then the theoretical structure ... becomes increasingly hard to overturn '' . When a narrative is constructed its elements become easier to believe . For more on the narrative fallacy , see also Fleck 1979 , p. 27 : `` Words and ideas are originally phonetic and mental equivalences of the experiences coinciding with them ... Such proto - ideas are at first always too broad and insufficiently specialized ... Once a structurally complete and closed system of opinions consisting of many details and relations has been formed , it offers enduring resistance to anything that contradicts it . '' Sometimes , these have their elements assumed a priori , or contain some other logical or methodological flaw in the process that ultimately produced them . Donald M. MacKay has analyzed these elements in terms of limits to the accuracy of measurement and has related them to instrumental elements in a category of measurement .", "sentences": [ "Goldhaber and Nieto published in 2010 the observation that if theoretical structures with `` many closely neighboring subjects are described by connecting theoretical concepts then the theoretical structure ... becomes increasingly hard to overturn '' .", "When a narrative is constructed its elements become easier to believe .", "For more on the narrative fallacy , see also Fleck 1979 , p. 27 : `` Words and ideas are originally phonetic and mental equivalences of the experiences coinciding with them ...", "Such proto - ideas are at first always too broad", "and insufficiently specialized ...", "Once a structurally complete and closed system of opinions consisting of many details and relations has been formed , it offers enduring resistance to anything that contradicts it . ''", "Sometimes , these have their elements assumed a priori , or contain some other logical or methodological flaw in the process that ultimately produced them .", "Donald M. MacKay has analyzed these elements in terms of limits to the accuracy of measurement and has related them to instrumental elements in a category of measurement ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Final Fantasy VII", "text": "Releases not under the Compilation label include Maiden Who Travels the Planet , which follows Aerith 's journey in the Lifestream after her death , taking place concurrently with the second half of the original game . In 1998 , the Official Final Fantasy VII Strategy Guide was licensed by Square Soft and published by Brady Games . Final Fantasy VII Snowboarding is a mobile port of the snowboard minigame featured in the original game , featuring different courses for the player to tackle . The game is downloadable on V Cast - compatible mobile phones , and was first made available in 2005 in Japan and North America . In September 2009 Jason P. Blahuta , Michel S. Beaulieu Wiley created `` Final Fantasy and Physiology : The Ultimate Walkthrough '' . This eBook is a philosophical guide as to why and how players use certain characters in the Final Fantasy series , explains how gamer 's perception of a character 's weapon and clothing designs can change how they use them . The writers inform the reader that this eBook will give them an in - depth understanding of themselves and the game which will enhance their gaming experience .", "sentences": [ "Releases not under the Compilation label include Maiden Who Travels the Planet , which follows Aerith 's journey in the Lifestream after her death , taking place concurrently with the second half of the original game .", "In 1998 , the Official Final Fantasy VII Strategy Guide was licensed by Square Soft and published by Brady Games .", "Final Fantasy VII Snowboarding is a mobile port of the snowboard minigame featured in the original game , featuring different courses for the player to tackle .", "The game is downloadable on V Cast - compatible mobile phones , and was first made available in 2005 in Japan and North America .", "In September 2009 Jason P. Blahuta , Michel S. Beaulieu Wiley created `` Final Fantasy and Physiology :", "The Ultimate Walkthrough '' .", "This eBook is a philosophical guide as to why and how players use certain characters in the Final Fantasy series , explains how gamer 's perception of a character 's weapon and clothing designs can change how they use them .", "The writers inform the reader that this eBook will give them an in - depth understanding of themselves and the game which will enhance their gaming experience ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of Newfoundland and Labrador", "text": "In 2003 , the federal government declared a moratorium on the last remaining cod fishery in Atlantic Canada , in the Gulf of St. Lawrence . While Newfoundland was again the most directly affected province by this decision , communities on Quebec 's North Shore and in other parts of Atlantic Canada also faced difficulties . Premier Grimes , facing a pending election that fall , used the Gulf cod decision and perceived federal bias against the province as a catalyst to try to rally citizens around his administration . Grimes called for a review of the Act of Union by which the province had become a part of Canada . On 2 July 2003 , the findings of the Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada , which Grimes had created in 2002 , were released . It noted the following stressors in the relationship between the province and Canada :", "sentences": [ "In 2003 , the federal government declared a moratorium on the last remaining cod fishery in Atlantic Canada , in the Gulf of St. Lawrence .", "While Newfoundland was again the most directly affected province by this decision , communities on Quebec 's North Shore and in other parts of Atlantic Canada also faced difficulties .", "Premier Grimes , facing a pending election that fall , used the Gulf cod decision and perceived federal bias against the province as a catalyst to try to rally citizens around his administration .", "Grimes called for a review of the Act of Union by which the province had become a part of Canada .", "On 2 July 2003 , the findings of the Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada , which Grimes had created in 2002 , were released .", "It noted the following stressors in the relationship between the province and Canada :" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Jay Treaty", "text": "The Jeffersonians were opposed to Britain , preferring support for France in the wars raging in Europe , and they argued that the treaty with France from 1778 was still in effect . They considered Britain as the center of aristocracy and the chief threat to the United States ' Republican values . They denounced Hamilton and Jay ( and even Washington ) as monarchists who betrayed American values . They organized public protests against Jay and his treaty ; one of their rallying cries said : Damn John Jay ! Damn everyone that wo n't damn John Jay ! Damn every one that wo n't put lights in his window and sit up all night damning John Jay !", "sentences": [ "The Jeffersonians were opposed to Britain , preferring support for France in the wars raging in Europe , and they argued that the treaty with France from 1778 was still in effect .", "They considered Britain as the center of aristocracy and the chief threat to the United States ' Republican values .", "They denounced Hamilton and Jay ( and even Washington ) as monarchists who betrayed American values .", "They organized public protests against Jay and his treaty ; one of their rallying cries said : Damn John Jay !", "Damn everyone that wo n't damn John Jay !", "Damn every one that wo n't put lights in his window and sit up all night damning John Jay !" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Cali Cartel", "text": "Political violence was largely discounted by the Cali Cartel , as the threat of violence often sufficed . The organization of the cartel was structured so that only people who had family in Colombia would handle operations that involved both Cali and U.S. sites , keeping the family within reach of the cartel . Family members became the cartel 's insurance against members going to assisting officials or refusing payments of product received . The threat of death also hung over those who made mistakes . It is believed the cartel would often kill junior members who made gross errors . Social", "sentences": [ "Political violence was largely discounted by the Cali Cartel , as the threat of violence often sufficed .", "The organization of the cartel was structured so that only people who had family in Colombia would handle operations that involved both Cali and U.S. sites , keeping the family within reach of the cartel .", "Family members became the cartel 's insurance against members going to assisting officials or refusing payments of product received .", "The threat of death also hung over those who made mistakes .", "It is believed the cartel would often kill junior members who made gross errors .", "Social" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "2017 UEFA Champions League Final", "text": "First half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 8 5 Shots on target Saves 0 Ball possession 45 % 55 % Corner kicks 0 Fouls committed 10 13 Offsides 0 Yellow cards Red cards 0 0 Second half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored 0 Total shots 13 Shots on target 0 Saves 0 Ball possession 47 % 53 % Corner kicks 0 Fouls committed 13 5 Offsides Yellow cards Red cards 0 Overall Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 11 18 Shots on target 5 Saves Ball possession 46 % 54 % Corner kicks Fouls committed 23 18 Offsides Yellow cards 5 Red cards 0", "sentences": [ "First half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 8 5 Shots on target Saves 0", "Ball possession 45 % 55 % Corner kicks 0", "Fouls committed 10 13 Offsides 0 Yellow cards Red cards 0 0", "Second half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored 0", "Total shots 13 Shots on target 0", "Saves 0", "Ball possession 47 % 53 % Corner kicks 0", "Fouls committed 13 5 Offsides Yellow cards Red cards 0", "Overall Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 11 18 Shots on target 5 Saves Ball possession 46 % 54 % Corner kicks Fouls committed 23 18 Offsides Yellow cards 5 Red cards 0" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Isoroku Yamamoto's sleeping giant quote", "text": "hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . ( May 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( June 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Naval", "sentences": [ "hide This article has multiple issues .", "Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .", "( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )", "This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations .", "Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations .", "( May 2008 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "This article needs additional citations for verification .", "Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .", "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .", "( June 2012 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "Naval" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Six Million Dollar Man", "text": "Steve Austin and Jaime Sommers returned in three subsequent made - for - television movies : The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1987 ) , Bionic Showdown : The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1989 ) which featured Sandra Bullock in an early role as a new bionic woman ; and Bionic Ever After ? ( 1994 ) in which Austin and Sommers finally marry . Majors reprised the role of Steve Austin in all three productions , which also featured Richard Anderson and Martin E. Brooks , and Lindsay Wagner reprising the role of Jaime Sommers . The reunion films addressed the partial amnesia Sommers had suffered during the original series , and all three featured Majors ' son , Lee Majors II , as OSI agent Jim Castillian . The first two movies were written in the anticipation of creating new bionic characters in their own series , but nothing further was seen of the new characters introduced in those produced . The third TV movie was intended as a finale .", "sentences": [ "Steve Austin and Jaime Sommers returned in three subsequent made - for - television movies : The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1987 ) , Bionic Showdown : The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1989 ) which featured Sandra Bullock in an early role as a new bionic woman ; and Bionic Ever After ?", "( 1994 ) in which Austin and Sommers finally marry .", "Majors reprised the role of Steve Austin in all three productions , which also featured Richard Anderson and Martin E. Brooks , and Lindsay Wagner reprising the role of Jaime Sommers .", "The reunion films addressed the partial amnesia Sommers had suffered during the original series , and all three featured Majors ' son , Lee Majors II , as OSI agent Jim Castillian .", "The first two movies were written in the anticipation of creating new bionic characters in their own series , but nothing further was seen of the new characters introduced in those produced .", "The third TV movie was intended as a finale ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Tom Lehrer", "text": "The record deal with Reprise Records for the That Was The Year That Was album also gave Reprise distribution rights for his earlier recordings , as Lehrer wanted to wind up his own record imprint . The Reprise issue of Songs by Tom Lehrer was a stereo re-recording . This version was not issued on CD , but the songs were issued on the live Tom Lehrer Revisited CD . The ( live ) recording included bonus tracks `` L-Y '' and `` Silent E '' , two of the ten songs that Lehrer wrote for the PBS children 's educational series The Electric Company . Lehrer later commented that worldwide sales of the recordings under Reprise surpassed 1.8 million units in 1996 . That same year , the album That Was The Year That Was went gold . The album liner notes ( and Lehrer himself in one routine ) promote his songs with self - deprecating humor . ( `` I know it 's very bad form to quote one 's own reviews , but there is something the New York Times said about me ( in 1958 ) , that I have always treasured : ' Mr. Lehrer 's muse ( is ) not fettered by such inhibiting factors as taste . '' )", "sentences": [ "The record deal with Reprise Records for the That Was The Year", "That Was album also gave Reprise distribution rights for his earlier recordings , as Lehrer wanted to wind up his own record imprint .", "The Reprise issue of Songs by Tom Lehrer was a stereo re-recording .", "This version was not issued on CD , but the songs were issued on the live Tom Lehrer Revisited CD .", "The ( live ) recording included bonus tracks `` L-Y '' and `` Silent E '' , two of the ten songs that Lehrer wrote for the PBS children 's educational series The Electric Company .", "Lehrer later commented that worldwide sales of the recordings under Reprise surpassed 1.8 million units in 1996 .", "That same year , the album That Was The Year That Was went gold .", "The album liner notes ( and Lehrer himself in one routine ) promote his songs with self - deprecating humor .", "( `` I know it 's very bad form to quote one 's own reviews , but there is something the New York Times said about me ( in 1958 ) , that I have always treasured : ' Mr. Lehrer 's muse ( is ) not fettered by such inhibiting factors as taste . '' )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "PID controller", "text": "PID 0.60 K u ( \\ displaystyle 0.60 ( K_ ( u ) ) ) 1.2 K u / T u ( \\ displaystyle 1.2 ( K_ ( u ) ) / T_ ( u ) ) 3 K u T u / 40 ( \\ displaystyle 3 ( K_ ( u ) ) ( T_ ( u ) ) / 40 )", "sentences": [ "PID 0.60 K u ( \\ displaystyle 0.60 ( K_ ( u ) ) )", "1.2 K u / T u ( \\ displaystyle 1.2 ( K_ ( u ) )", "/ T_", "( u ) )", "3 K u T u / 40 ( \\ displaystyle 3 ( K_", "( u ) )", "( T_ ( u ) ) / 40 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The whole nine yards", "text": "The Oxford English Dictionary finds the earliest published non-idiomatic use in an 1855 Indiana newspaper article . The earliest known idiomatic use of the phrase is from 1907 in Southern Indiana . The phrase is related to the expression the whole six yards , used around the same time in Kentucky and South Carolina . Both phrases are variations on the whole ball of wax , first recorded in the 1880s . They are part of a family of expressions in which an odd - sounding item , such as enchilada , shooting match , shebang or hog , is substituted for ball of wax . The choice of the number nine may be related to the expression `` To the nines '' ( to perfection ) .", "sentences": [ "The Oxford English Dictionary finds the earliest published non-idiomatic use in an 1855 Indiana newspaper article .", "The earliest known idiomatic use of the phrase is from 1907 in Southern Indiana .", "The phrase is related to the expression the whole six yards , used around the same time in Kentucky and South Carolina .", "Both phrases are variations on the whole ball of wax , first recorded in the 1880s .", "They are part of a family of expressions in which an odd - sounding item , such as enchilada , shooting match , shebang or hog , is substituted for ball of wax .", "The choice of the number nine may be related to the expression `` To the nines '' ( to perfection ) ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Missile gap", "text": "`` I would n't want to be quoted on this ... We 've spent $35 or $40 billion on the space program . And if nothing else had come out of it except the knowledge that we gained from space photography , it would be worth ten times what the whole program has cost . Because tonight we know how many missiles the enemy has and , it turned out , our guesses were way off . We were doing things we did n't need to do . We were building things we did n't need to build . We were harboring fears we did n't need to harbor . ''", "sentences": [ "`` I would n't want to be quoted on this ...", "We 've spent $35 or $40 billion on the space program .", "And if nothing else had come out of it except the knowledge that we gained from space photography , it would be worth ten times what the whole program has cost .", "Because tonight we know how many missiles the enemy has and , it turned out , our guesses were way off .", "We were doing things we did n't need to do .", "We were building things we did n't need to build .", "We were harboring fears we did n't need to harbor . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Factor analysis", "text": "The data collection stage is usually done by marketing research professionals . Survey questions ask the respondent to rate a product sample or descriptions of product concepts on a range of attributes . Anywhere from five to twenty attributes are chosen . They could include things like : ease of use , weight , accuracy , durability , colourfulness , price , or size . The attributes chosen will vary depending on the product being studied . The same question is asked about all the products in the study . The data for multiple products is coded and input into a statistical program such as R , SPSS , SAS , Stata , STATISTICA , JMP , and SYSTAT .", "sentences": [ "The data collection stage is usually done by marketing research professionals .", "Survey questions ask the respondent to rate a product sample or descriptions of product concepts on a range of attributes .", "Anywhere from five to twenty attributes are chosen .", "They could include things like : ease of use , weight , accuracy , durability , colourfulness , price , or size .", "The attributes chosen will vary depending on the product being studied .", "The same question is asked about all the products in the study .", "The data for multiple products is coded and input into a statistical program such as R , SPSS , SAS , Stata , STATISTICA , JMP , and SYSTAT ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Desiccant", "text": "Sometimes a humidity indicator is included in the desiccant to show , by color changes , the degree of water - saturation of the desiccant . One commonly used indicator is cobalt chloride ( CoCl ) . Anhydrous cobalt chloride is blue . When it bonds with two water molecules , ( CoCl 2H O ) , it turns purple . Further hydration results in the pink hexaaquacobalt ( II ) chloride complex ( Co ( H O ) ) Cl .", "sentences": [ "Sometimes a humidity indicator is included in the desiccant to show , by color changes , the degree of water - saturation of the desiccant .", "One commonly used indicator is cobalt chloride ( CoCl ) .", "Anhydrous cobalt chloride is blue .", "When it bonds with two water molecules , ( CoCl 2H O ) , it turns purple .", "Further hydration results in the pink hexaaquacobalt ( II ) chloride complex ( Co ( H O ) )", "Cl ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Amazon River", "text": "While debate as to whether the Amazon or the Nile is the world 's longest river has gone on for many years , the historic consensus of geographic authorities has been to regard the Amazon as the second longest river in the world , with the Nile being the longest . However , the Amazon has been measured by different geographers as being anywhere between 6,259 and 6,992 kilometres ( 3,889 and 4,345 mi ) long . It is often said to be `` at least '' 6,400 kilometres ( 4,000 mi ) long . The Nile is reported to be anywhere from 5,499 to 6,690 kilometres ( 3,417 to 4,157 mi ) . Often it is said to be `` about '' 6,650 kilometres ( 4,130 mi ) long . There are many factors that can affect these measurements .", "sentences": [ "While debate as to whether the Amazon or the Nile is the world 's longest river has gone on for many years , the historic consensus of geographic authorities has been to regard the Amazon as the second longest river in the world , with the Nile being the longest .", "However , the Amazon has been measured by different geographers as being anywhere between 6,259 and 6,992 kilometres ( 3,889 and 4,345 mi ) long .", "It is often said to be `` at least '' 6,400 kilometres ( 4,000 mi ) long .", "The Nile is reported to be anywhere from 5,499 to 6,690 kilometres ( 3,417 to 4,157 mi ) .", "Often it is said to be `` about '' 6,650 kilometres ( 4,130 mi ) long .", "There are many factors that can affect these measurements ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Test probe", "text": "A high frequency oscilloscope presents a matched load ( usually 50 ohms ) at its input , which minimizes reflections at the scope . Probing with a matching 50 - ohm transmission line would offer high frequency performance , but it would unduly load most circuits . An attenuator ( resistive divider ) can be used to minimize loading . At the tip , these probes use a 450 ohm ( for 10 × attenuation ) or 950 ohm ( for 20 × attenuation ) series resistor . Tektronix sells a 10 × divider probe with a 9 GHz bandwidth with a 450 ohm series resistor . These probes are also called resistive divider probes , since a 50 ohm transmission line presents a purely resistive load .", "sentences": [ "A high frequency oscilloscope presents a matched load ( usually 50 ohms ) at its input , which minimizes reflections at the scope .", "Probing with a matching 50 - ohm transmission line would offer high frequency performance , but it would unduly load most circuits .", "An attenuator ( resistive divider ) can be used to minimize loading .", "At the tip , these probes use a 450 ohm ( for 10 × attenuation ) or 950 ohm ( for 20 × attenuation ) series resistor .", "Tektronix sells a 10 × divider probe with a 9 GHz bandwidth with a 450 ohm series resistor .", "These probes are also called resistive divider probes , since a 50 ohm transmission line presents a purely resistive load ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sandor Clegane", "text": "With the rest of House Stark believed dead and the Riverlands now under the rule of House Frey , Clegane decides to ransom Arya to her aunt Lysa Arryn in the Vale . During their journey , Arya reveals to Clegane that she has not forgiven him for killing Mycah and has vowed to kill him . The duo arrive in the Vale to find that Lysa has ostensibly committed suicide . Returning from the Bloody Gate , they encounter Brienne of Tarth , sworn sword to Arya 's mother Catelyn , who had promised to take the Stark children to safety . When Arya refuses to go with Brienne , she and Clegane engage in a brawl that culminates in her throwing Clegane off a cliff , gravely wounding him . Though he begs Arya to kill him , she instead leaves him to die . Season", "sentences": [ "With the rest of House Stark believed dead and the Riverlands now under the rule of House Frey , Clegane decides to ransom Arya to her aunt Lysa Arryn in the Vale .", "During their journey , Arya reveals to Clegane that she has not forgiven him for killing Mycah and has vowed to kill him .", "The duo arrive in the Vale to find that Lysa has ostensibly committed suicide .", "Returning from the Bloody Gate , they encounter Brienne of Tarth , sworn sword to Arya 's mother Catelyn , who had promised to take the Stark children to safety .", "When Arya refuses to go with Brienne , she and Clegane engage in a brawl that culminates in her throwing Clegane off a cliff , gravely wounding him .", "Though he begs Arya to kill him , she instead leaves him to die .", "Season" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Grand Canyon", "text": "This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Guano", "sentences": [ "This section does not cite any sources .", "Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources .", "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .", "( January 2016 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "Guano" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Walking Dead (season 6)", "text": "Glenn 's fake death in the third episode , `` Thank You '' , was a major source of controversy . The Hollywood Reporter heavily criticized the decision of the writers to create the story line . Daniel Fienberg felt apathetic about the decision and said , `` I 'm not sure I care about ( ... ) the way his death would impact the ensemble . If he 's dead , the loss will be felt most by Maggie , but Maggie just had her sister die a few episodes ago , so there 's no variation anymore to making Lauren Cohan wail , no matter how entirely convincingly she does it . To me , The Walking Dead has lost whatever core of human relationships it ever had , and whether Glenn lives or dies , it just feels mechanical now . '' Tim Goodman expressed shock over the concept of Glenn potentially being alive saying , `` I honestly do n't think showrunner Scott M. Gimple is dumb enough to fake this death somehow , not with how implausible it would be for Glenn to survive it . '' The Hollywood Reporter later declared that the show had `` lost its credibility '' when Glenn was revealed to be alive in the seventh episode , `` Heads Up . '' Scott Gimple responded to the controversy surrounding this . He said , `` We 've had instances of people in a very emotional state -- Tyreese jumping into the middle of a large herd and fighting his way out ; a man cut off his own hand and fights his way through a department store full of walkers . These things are part of the world . Glenn had the bad luck of being knocked off that dumpster by Nicholas , ending his own life but ( Glenn ) had the good luck of Nicholas landing on him . There 's a lot of very specific facts about it that I think a lot of people have sort of gotten wrong . But breaking it down shot for shot ... I think we 're past that point . I do n't think this is any sort of new instance that broke the rules of our show at all . I think it 's very much in line with everything we 've done before . I do n't think there 's a credibility issue . '' Erik Kain for Forbes felt that the decision ruined Glenn 's storyline . He declared season 6 `` a mixed bag '' and was frustrated with the decision to hold off Glenn 's fate for 3 episodes . He said , `` ... the showrunners spent three more episodes essentially refusing to move the plot forward . We got one good backstory , and then two episodes where almost nothing happened to anyone we cared about . We learned that Maggie was pregnant and that 's about all . '' When speaking of the confirmation of Glenn being alive , Kain felt the decision was `` implausible '' from the inconsistency of his fall and camera angle tricks . He also felt the decision to `` ( drag ) it out for weeks '' had `` effectively ( killed ) off all the tension ( ... ) at the end of episode 3 . '' Brian Moylan of The Guardian was also critical , saying : `` Glenn is alive , and The Walking Dead will never be the same ... It would rather kill off a main character than pull a lame switcheroo . Until now . ''", "sentences": [ "Glenn 's fake death in the third episode , `` Thank You '' , was a major source of controversy .", "The Hollywood Reporter heavily criticized the decision of the writers to create the story line .", "Daniel Fienberg felt apathetic about the decision and said , `` I 'm not sure I care about ( ... )", "the way his death would impact the ensemble .", "If he 's dead , the loss will be felt most by Maggie , but Maggie just had her sister die a few episodes ago , so there 's no variation anymore to making Lauren Cohan wail , no matter how entirely convincingly she does it .", "To me , The Walking Dead has lost whatever core of human relationships it ever had , and whether Glenn lives or dies , it just feels mechanical now . ''", "Tim Goodman expressed shock over the concept of Glenn potentially being alive saying , `` I honestly do n't think showrunner Scott M. Gimple is dumb enough to fake this death somehow , not with how implausible it would be for Glenn to survive it . ''", "The Hollywood Reporter later declared that the show had `` lost its credibility '' when Glenn was revealed to be alive in the seventh episode , `` Heads Up . ''", "Scott Gimple responded to the controversy surrounding this .", "He said , `` We 've had instances of people in a very emotional state -- Tyreese jumping into the middle of a large herd and fighting his way out ; a man cut off his own hand and fights his way through a department store full of walkers .", "These things are part of the world .", "Glenn had the bad luck of being knocked off that dumpster by Nicholas , ending his own life but ( Glenn ) had the good luck of Nicholas landing on him .", "There 's a lot of very specific facts about it that I think a lot of people have sort of gotten wrong .", "But breaking it down shot for shot ...", "I think we 're past that point .", "I do n't think this is any sort of new instance that broke the rules of our show at all .", "I think it 's very much in line with everything we 've done before .", "I do n't think there 's a credibility issue . ''", "Erik Kain for Forbes felt that the decision ruined Glenn 's storyline .", "He declared season 6 `` a mixed bag '' and was frustrated with the decision to hold off Glenn 's fate for 3 episodes .", "He said , `` ... the showrunners spent three more episodes essentially refusing to move the plot forward .", "We got one good backstory , and then two episodes where almost nothing happened to anyone we cared about .", "We learned that Maggie was pregnant and that 's about all . ''", "When speaking of the confirmation of Glenn being alive , Kain felt the decision was `` implausible '' from the inconsistency of his fall and camera angle tricks .", "He also felt the decision to `` ( drag ) it out for weeks '' had `` effectively ( killed ) off all the tension ( ... ) at the end of episode 3 . ''", "Brian Moylan of The Guardian was also critical , saying : `` Glenn is alive , and The Walking Dead will never be the same ...", "It would rather kill off a main character than pull a lame switcheroo .", "Until now . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "United States free speech exceptions", "text": "The most complex special capacity of the government is when it functions , in one way or another , as the Subsidizer of the speech in question . As a general rule , the government can itself say whatever it wants to , even if this `` favors one viewpoint over another '' . But , the government may not impose conditions on how subsidy recipients spend money they get from other sources . If the government is using the speakers to express its own message , it is constitutional . But this analysis changes if the government is trying to encourage a `` diversity of private views indiscriminately '' . If it is indiscriminate , then under Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez ( 2001 ) , the government must be acting in a viewpoint - neutral way . However , if the government is basing some judgment of `` quality '' on the views , then only `` invidious viewpoint discrimination '' is barred .", "sentences": [ "The most complex special capacity of the government is when it functions , in one way or another , as the Subsidizer of the speech in question .", "As a general rule , the government can itself say whatever it wants to , even if this `` favors one viewpoint over another '' .", "But , the government may not impose conditions on how subsidy recipients spend money they get from other sources .", "If the government is using the speakers to express its own message , it is constitutional .", "But this analysis changes if the government is trying to encourage a `` diversity of private views indiscriminately '' .", "If it is indiscriminate , then under Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez ( 2001 ) , the government must be acting in a viewpoint - neutral way .", "However , if the government is basing some judgment of `` quality '' on the views , then only `` invidious viewpoint discrimination '' is barred ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Rear-view mirror", "text": "hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( March 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Rear", "sentences": [ "hide This article has multiple issues .", "Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .", "( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )", "This article needs additional citations for verification .", "Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .", "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .", "( March 2009 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "This article possibly contains original research .", "Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .", "Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .", "( March 2009 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "Rear" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Pretty Little Liars (season 6)", "text": "Determined to give the unexpected scholarship money back , Hanna is willing to risk losing her chance at going to her school of choice . Alison learns more about her brother which , in turn , finds it difficult to connect a murderer to the little boy she has seen in photos and her memories . Meanwhile , Rosewood High is considering not letting the Liars attend their senior prom due to high risk security issues . Charles and Red Coat are seen in a room , watching the gallery display and plotting to sabotage Aria 's work . They succeed , and humiliate Aria by displaying a gruesome picture of Aria , Emily , Spencer , and Hanna in the morgue while they were trapped in the dollhouse . Aria is devastated and finds comfort from Ezra . Meanwhile , Hanna and Spencer visit a man named Rhys Matthews to inquire Hanna 's scholarship money and are stunned to notice how similar Rhys is to Jason , as they believe Rhys to be Charles . The Liars , except Aria , follow Rhys to an abandoned dollhouse where they find him working with Clark . When they inform Aria about what they saw , she is disillusioned . Red Coat is seen eavesdropping on Ashley and Ella . '", "sentences": [ "Determined to give the unexpected scholarship money back , Hanna is willing to risk losing her chance at going to her school of choice .", "Alison learns more about her brother which , in turn , finds it difficult to connect a murderer to the little boy she has seen in photos and her memories .", "Meanwhile , Rosewood High is considering not letting the Liars attend their senior prom due to high risk security issues .", "Charles and Red Coat are seen in a room , watching the gallery display and plotting to sabotage Aria 's work .", "They succeed , and humiliate Aria by displaying a gruesome picture of Aria , Emily , Spencer , and Hanna in the morgue while they were trapped in the dollhouse .", "Aria is devastated and finds comfort from Ezra .", "Meanwhile , Hanna and Spencer visit a man named Rhys Matthews to inquire Hanna 's scholarship money and are stunned to notice how similar Rhys is to Jason , as they believe Rhys to be Charles .", "The Liars , except Aria , follow Rhys to an abandoned dollhouse where they find him working with Clark .", "When they inform Aria about what they saw , she is disillusioned .", "Red Coat is seen eavesdropping on Ashley and Ella . '" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "World War I", "text": "September saw the Allies advance to the Hindenburg Line in the north and centre . The Germans continued to fight strong rear - guard actions and launched numerous counterattacks on lost positions , but only a few succeeded , and those only temporarily . Contested towns , villages , heights , and trenches in the screening positions and outposts of the Hindenburg Line continued to fall to the Allies , with the BEF alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September . On 24 September an assault by both the British and French came within 3 kilometres ( 2 mi ) of St. Quentin . The Germans had now retreated to positions along or behind the Hindenburg Line . An", "sentences": [ "September saw the Allies advance to the Hindenburg Line in the north and centre .", "The Germans continued to fight strong rear - guard actions and launched numerous counterattacks on lost positions , but only a few succeeded , and those only temporarily .", "Contested towns , villages , heights , and trenches in the screening positions and outposts of the Hindenburg Line continued to fall to the Allies , with the BEF alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September .", "On 24 September an assault by both the British and French came within 3 kilometres ( 2 mi ) of St. Quentin .", "The Germans had now retreated to positions along or behind the Hindenburg Line .", "An" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Apple of my eye", "text": "Gregory I. Pope ( January 1 , 1999 ) . King Alfred 's West - Saxon Version of Gregory 's Pastoral Care . Elibron.com . p. 68 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4021 - 9636 - 2 . Retrieved October 17 , 2012 .", "sentences": [ "Gregory I. Pope ( January 1 , 1999 ) .", "King Alfred 's West - Saxon Version of Gregory 's Pastoral Care .", "Elibron.com .", "p. 68 .", "ISBN 978 - 1 - 4021 - 9636 - 2 .", "Retrieved October 17 , 2012 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Freedom of the seas", "text": "According to international law , Article 92 of the convention which describes ships shall sail under the flag of one state only and , save in exceptional cases expressly provided for in international treaties or in this Convention , shall be subject to its exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas ; however , when a ship is involved in certain criminal acts , such as piracy , any nation can exercise jurisdiction under the doctrine of universal jurisdiction . High seas were defined as any part of the sea that was not either territorial sea or internal waters , territorial waters and exclusive economic zones . Article 88 of the 1982 Convention states that the high seas shall be reserved for peaceful purposes . Many countries engage in military maneuvers and the testing of conventional weapons and nuclear weapons on the high seas . In order to deliver the right punishment to the right person or state , ships must be registered to a country to show proof of ownership . The owner of the vessel sometimes prefers to pay the lower registration fees by picking countries such as Panama , Bermuda , Italy , Malta and the Netherlands . According to Cruise Lines International Association , 90 % of commercial vessels calling on U.S. ports fly foreign flags . To avoid the high cost with more rules and regulations , ships and tankers sometime prefer lower cost registration with a lower standard of inspection and regulation by picking a country that exercises less control over their registered ships , though many ships are owned by individuals or companies in another country ( most commonly Japan and Greece ) under a system called `` flag of convenience '' . Registering a ship in Panama means that the ship is governed by the maritime rules of Panama rather than the ship owner 's country . Ship owners do this because Panama has low taxes and fewer labor and safety regulations than most other countries . Ship owners can make their staff work longer hours in less safe environments , and therefore maximize their profits . Other countries , including Liberia , Cyprus and the Bahamas also offer flags of convenience , but Panama has the most ships registered under the scheme . Ships registered with the US will cost more , and the employee wages will be even higher . Freedom of the seas allows a ship to move freely on the ocean as long as it follows international law .", "sentences": [ "According to international law , Article 92 of the convention which describes ships shall sail under the flag of one state only and , save in exceptional cases expressly provided for in international treaties or in this Convention , shall be subject to its exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas ; however , when a ship is involved in certain criminal acts , such as piracy , any nation can exercise jurisdiction under the doctrine of universal jurisdiction .", "High seas were defined as any part of the sea that was not either territorial sea or internal waters , territorial waters and exclusive economic zones .", "Article 88 of the 1982 Convention states that the high seas shall be reserved for peaceful purposes .", "Many countries engage in military maneuvers and the testing of conventional weapons and nuclear weapons on the high seas .", "In order to deliver the right punishment to the right person or state , ships must be registered to a country to show proof of ownership .", "The owner of the vessel sometimes prefers to pay the lower registration fees by picking countries such as Panama , Bermuda , Italy , Malta and the Netherlands .", "According to Cruise Lines International Association , 90 % of commercial vessels calling on U.S. ports fly foreign flags .", "To avoid the high cost with more rules and regulations , ships and tankers sometime prefer lower cost registration with a lower standard of inspection and regulation by picking a country that exercises less control over their registered ships , though many ships are owned by individuals or companies in another country ( most commonly Japan and Greece ) under a system called `` flag of convenience '' .", "Registering a ship in Panama means that the ship is governed by the maritime rules of Panama rather than the ship owner 's country .", "Ship owners do this because Panama has low taxes and fewer labor and safety regulations than most other countries .", "Ship owners can make their staff work longer hours in less safe environments , and therefore maximize their profits .", "Other countries , including Liberia , Cyprus and the Bahamas also offer flags of convenience , but Panama has the most ships registered under the scheme .", "Ships registered with the US will cost more , and the employee wages will be even higher .", "Freedom of the seas allows a ship to move freely on the ocean as long as it follows international law ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Cumulus cloud", "text": "In this phase , water vapor condenses on various nuclei present in the air , forming the cumulus cloud . This creates the characteristic flat - bottomed puffy shape associated with cumulus clouds . The height of the cloud ( from its bottom to its top ) depends on the temperature profile of the atmosphere and the presence of any inversions . During the convection , surrounding air is entrained ( mixed ) with the thermal and the total mass of the ascending air increases . Rain forms in a cumulus cloud via a process involving two non-discrete stages . The first stage occurs after the droplets coalesce onto the various nuclei . Langmuir writes that surface tension in the water droplets provides a slightly higher pressure on the droplet , raising the vapor pressure by a small amount . The increased pressure results in those droplets evaporating and the resulting water vapor condensing on the larger droplets . Due to the extremely small size of the evaporating water droplets , this process becomes largely meaningless after the larger droplets have grown to around 20 to 30 micrometres , and the second stage takes over . In the accretion phase , the raindrop begins to fall , and other droplets collide and combine with it to increase the size of the raindrop . Langmuir was able to develop a formula which predicted that the droplet radius would grow unboundedly within a discrete time period .", "sentences": [ "In this phase , water vapor condenses on various nuclei present in the air , forming the cumulus cloud .", "This creates the characteristic flat - bottomed puffy shape associated with cumulus clouds .", "The height of the cloud ( from its bottom to its top ) depends on the temperature profile of the atmosphere and the presence of any inversions .", "During the convection , surrounding air is entrained ( mixed ) with the thermal and the total mass of the ascending air increases .", "Rain forms in a cumulus cloud via a process involving two non-discrete stages .", "The first stage occurs after the droplets coalesce onto the various nuclei .", "Langmuir writes that surface tension in the water droplets provides a slightly higher pressure on the droplet , raising the vapor pressure by a small amount .", "The increased pressure results in those droplets evaporating and the resulting water vapor condensing on the larger droplets .", "Due to the extremely small size of the evaporating water droplets , this process becomes largely meaningless after the larger droplets have grown to around 20 to 30 micrometres , and the second stage takes over .", "In the accretion phase , the raindrop begins to fall , and other droplets collide and combine with it to increase the size of the raindrop .", "Langmuir was able to develop a formula which predicted that the droplet radius would grow unboundedly within a discrete time period ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Electoral College (United States)", "text": "Countervailing analyses which do take into consideration the sizes of the electoral voting blocs , such as the Banzhaf power index ( BPI ) model based on probability theory lead to very different conclusions about voters relative power . In 1968 , John F. Banzhaf III ( who developed the Banzhaf power index ) determined that a voter in the state of New York had , on average , 3.312 times as much voting power in presidential elections as a voter in any other U.S. state . It was found that based on 1990 census and districting , individual voters in California , the largest state , had 3.3 times more individual power to choose a President than voters of Montana , the largest of the minimum 3 elector states . Because Banzhaf 's method ignores the demographic makeup of the states , it has been criticized for treating votes like independent coin - flips . More empirically based models of voting yield results that seem to favor larger states less . Disadvantage", "sentences": [ "Countervailing analyses which do take into consideration the sizes of the electoral voting blocs , such as the Banzhaf power index ( BPI ) model based on probability theory lead to very different conclusions about voters relative power .", "In 1968 , John F. Banzhaf III ( who developed the Banzhaf power index ) determined that a voter in the state of New York had , on average , 3.312 times as much voting power in presidential elections as a voter in any other U.S. state .", "It was found that based on 1990 census and districting , individual voters in California , the largest state , had 3.3 times more individual power to choose a President than voters of Montana , the largest of the minimum 3 elector states .", "Because Banzhaf 's method ignores the demographic makeup of the states , it has been criticized for treating votes like independent coin - flips .", "More empirically based models of voting yield results that seem to favor larger states less .", "Disadvantage" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Radioactive decay", "text": "d N j d t = − λ j N j + λ j − 1 N ( j − 1 ) 0 e − λ j − 1 t . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) N_ ( j ) ) ( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) ) = - \\ lambda _ ( j ) N_ ( j ) + \\ lambda _ ( j - 1 ) N_ ( ( j - 1 ) 0 ) e ^ ( - \\ lambda _ ( j - 1 ) t ) . )", "sentences": [ "d N j d t = − λ j N j", "+ λ", "j − 1 N ( j − 1 ) 0", "e", "− λ j − 1 t .", "( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) N_ ( j ) )", "( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) )", "= - \\ lambda _", "( j ) N_", "( j )", "+ \\ lambda _", "( j - 1 ) N_", "( ( j - 1 ) 0 ) e ^ ( - \\ lambda _", "( j - 1 ) t ) . )" ] } ]

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