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He received a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering from the University of Oklahoma in 1953, where he was a member of Phi Kappa Psi fraternity.
He was also the elected president of the senior class.
He later earned Master of Science and Ph.D. degrees from Stanford University in electrical engineering in 1957 and 1960, respectively.
Garriott served as electronics officer in the United States Navy from 1953 to 1956.
From 1961 through 1965, he was an assistant professor and associate professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University.
He performed research and led graduate studies in ionospheric physics after obtaining his doctorate, and authored or co-authored more than 45 scientific papers, chapters and one book, principally in areas of the physical sciences.
As a prerequisite of the era's scientist-astronaut training, he completed a one-year United States Air Force pilot training program in 1966, receiving qualification as pilot in jet aircraft.
In 1965, Garriott was one of the six scientist-astronauts selected by NASA.
His first spaceflight, the Skylab 3 mission in 1973, set a world record for duration of approximately 60 days, more than double the previous record.
Extensive experiments were conducted of the Sun, of Earth resources and in various life sciences relating to human adaptation to weightlessness.
His second space flight was aboard STS-9 (Spacelab-1) in 1983, a multidisciplinary and international mission of 10 days aboard Space Shuttle "Columbia".
Over 70 separate experiments in six different disciplines were conducted, primarily to demonstrate the suitability of Spacelab for research in all these areas.
He operated the world's first amateur radio station from space, W5LFL, which expanded into an important activity on dozens of shuttle flights, Space Station Mir and the International Space Station, with scores of astronauts and cosmonauts participating.
Between these missions, Garriott received a NASA fellowship in the Space Station Project Office.
In this position he worked closely with the external scientific communities and advised the project manager concerning the scientific suitability of the space station design.
Garriott held the distinction of being the NASA astronaut with the earliest-obtained PhD degree, having earned his PhD from Stanford University in 1960, two years before Robert A. Parker who obtained his PhD from Caltech in 1962.
On September 10, 1973, controllers in Houston were startled to hear a woman's voice beaming down from Skylab.
The voice startled capsule communicator (CAPCOM) Bob Crippen by calling him by name, and then the woman explained: "The boys haven't had a home-cooked meal in so long I thought I'd bring one up."
After several minutes in which she described forest fires seen from space and the beautiful sunrise, the woman said: "Oh oh.
I have to cut off now.
I think the boys are floating up here toward the command module and I'm not supposed to be talking to you."
As the Skylab astronauts later revealed, Garriott had recorded his wife, Helen, during a private radio transmission the night before.
After leaving NASA in June 1986, Garriott consulted for various aerospace companies and served as a member of several NASA and National Research Council Committees.
From January 1988 until May 1993, he was vice president of space programs at Teledyne Brown Engineering.
This division, which grew to over 1,000 people, provided payload integration for all Spacelab projects at the Marshall Space Flight Center and had a substantial role in the development of the U.S. laboratory for the International Space Station.
Garriott devoted time to several charitable activities in his hometown, including the Enid Arts and Sciences Foundation of which he was a co-founder in 1992.
Later, he accepted a position as adjunct professor in the Laboratory for Structural Biology at the University of Alabama in Huntsville and participated in research activities there involving new microbes he returned from extreme environments such as very alkaline lakes and deep sea hydrothermal vents.
Hyperthermophiles were returned from several dives in Russian MIR submersibles to the Rainbow Vent Field at a depth of 2,300 meters near the Azores in the central Atlantic Ocean.
Other research activities included three trips to Antarctica from which 20 meteorites were returned for laboratory study.
Garriott formed a 501(c)(3) public philanthropic Garriott Family Foundation to finance the aforementioned adventure travel for himself, his wife and other members of his family.
Garriott married Helen Mary Walker, his high school sweetheart, in 1952.
They had four children: Randall O.
(born 1955), Robert K. (born 1956), Richard A.
(born 1961, a computer programmer and the creator of the "Ultima" computer game series), and Linda S. (born 1966).
After he divorced his first wife, Garriott married Evelyn L. Garriott, who had three children from a previous relationship.
His son Richard was launched as a space tourist on board Soyuz TMA-13 on October 12, 2008, the first American and the second person worldwide to follow a parent into space.
Owen Garriott was in mission control at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for the launch and was in attendance when his son returned 12 days later.
Garriott died on April 15, 2019, at his home in Huntsville, Alabama.
Garriott was a member of the following organizations: American Astronautical Society (fellow), American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (associate fellow), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, American Geophysical Union, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Association of Space Explorers (Board of Directors), Astronaut Scholarship Foundation (vice president and vice chairman).
Garriott received the following honors: National Science Foundation Fellowship, 1960–1961; Honorary Doctorate of Science, Phillips University (Enid, Okla.), 1973; NASA Distinguished Service Medal, 1973; Fédération Aéronautique Internationale V. M. Komarov Diploma for 1973; the Octave Chanute Award for 1975; and the NASA Space Flight Medal, 1983.
The three Skylab astronaut crews were awarded the 1973 Collier Trophy "For proving beyond question the value of man in future explorations of space and the production of data of benefit to all the people on Earth."
Gerald Carr accepted the 1975 Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy from President Ford, awarded to the Skylab astronauts.
He was one of five Oklahoman astronauts inducted into the Oklahoma Aviation and Space Hall of Fame in 1980, the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997, the Oklahoma Military Hall of Fame in 2000, and the Enid Public Schools Hall of Fame in 2001.
Garriott was presented an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Phillips University in 1973.
A street named after him in Enid, Oklahoma, serves as one of the city's main thoroughfares.
It is part of U.S. Route 412.
Garriott was co-author, with fellow astronaut Joseph Kerwin and writer David Hitt, of "Homesteading Space", a history of the Skylab program, published in 2008.
He was co-author of "Introduction to Ionospheric Physics" with Henry Rishbeth.
Garriott was also a contributor to the book "NASA's Scientist-Astronauts" by David Shayler and Colin Burgess.
Garriott wrote the foreword to the book.
"The text of this article is based on Garriott's biography from NASA, dated August 2002.
(Archived)"
Emerald, Victoria
Emerald is a suburb in the Greater Melbourne area of Victoria, Australia, 44 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shires of Cardinia and Yarra Ranges local government areas.
Emerald recorded a population of 5,778 at the 2016 Census.
Emerald also includes Cardinia Reservoir, Melbourne's second largest reservoir.
The Emerald Post Office opened on 22 December 1899.
Emerald is known for the Emerald Lake (Lake Treganowan).
The lake offers barbecue facilities, children's playgrounds, a pool, paddle boats, walking tracks, fishing, Environment Centre, model railway, café and a railway station for the Puffing Billy Railway.
The Puffing Billy Railway is a heritage steam operated railway opened in 1900, which runs between Belgrave and Gembrook, now recreating the heyday in the 1920s of this narrow-gauge line.
It has three stations within Emerald—at Emerald, Nobelius and Lakeside, with Nobelius only being a "Stops if required" station.
Also, Nobelius Siding is located between Emerald and Nobelius stations which is only stopped at for functions, or the regular "Dinner Train" at the former Nobelius Nurseries Packing Shed adjacent to the siding.
The areas around Emerald are excellent for finding chanterelles and other edible mushrooms, and are a popular destination for mushroom hunters each autumn.
There is also an Emerald and District museum set in the Nobelius Heritage Park.
It adjoins Emerald Lake Park.
FunFest is a day-long family street party event which kicks off the PAVE Festival which runs annually for 7–10 days in April.
On FunFest day there are road closures on the northern part of Kilvington Drive, all of Puffing Billy Place and the western part of Heroes Avenue, to prevent motor vehicle traffic entering, allowing many stalls to be established and enjoyed by the thousands of local residents and visitors that attend the event.
FunFest has a great community feel with stalls, music, dance and plenty of free entertainment for all ages.
The FunFest was preceded for many years by the Emerald WinterFest which was held annually in July.
The Great Train Race (GTR) is an annual fun run from Belgrave to Emerald Lake in which participants attempt to beat Puffing Billy to the finish line and is organised by volunteers of the Puffing Billy Preservation Society.
The route from Belgrave to Emerald Lake which participants run is 13.2 km long, and in 2006 had 2,403 participants in the 25th Great Train Race.
Participants of the GTR may win prizes; The first Male and Female runners of the 2007 GTR held on 6 May received a return flight to Antarctica as well as a unique Great Train Race trophy.
For details on the Great Train Race, visit Great Train Race.
The PAVE Festival is the largest festival in the Dandenong Ranges and Cardinia Shire, running over 7–10 days and incorporating all forms of the Arts.
PAVE stands for "Performing And Visual arts in Emerald", which is an Annual Festival which takes place every year in mid April, having started in 2006.
The festival includes a number of activities taking place at different locations around Emerald over a number of days.
Such activities include the Emerald Arts Society art exhibition at the Environment Centre at Emerald Lake, a burlesque dance and circus performance, the popular "Women in Song" featuring 4 female singer songwriters, live Comedy, a photography exhibition, an exhibition and demonstration of local art courses and lessons, The Emerald FunFest, Literary events such as Poet's Breakfast, Yarn Event and Golden Cow Literary night, Voice concert, classical performance by Dandenong Ranges Orchestra, Storytelling, Open Gardens, a historic tour of Emerald and top quality live music.
The 2011 festival featured Joe Camilleri and the Black Sorrows, The Ska Vendors and Kerri Simpson, Lloyd Speigel, Lily and King.
For many years, Emerald had an annual Carols by Candlelight at Worrell Reserve.
However, it ceased to run in 2009 due to insurance issues.
It moved instead to a smaller version at St. Mark's Church.
Cardinia Reservoir is situated entirely in Emerald, Victoria.
It is south of the main township and the southern border of the suburb follows the Reservoir Boundary.
It is the second largest reservoir in Melbourne's water supply.
On the Southern side of the Reservoir there is a large park run by Parks Victoria.
Facilities include barbecues and toilets and is open every day of the year.
The park is home to many species of wildlife including Kangaroos, Wombats and Possums.
It is even possible to walk across one of the dam walls at the park.
Despite being predominately located in the suburb of Emerald, the entrance to the park is approximately 10 minutes drive out of Emerald in Narre Warren East.
Cardina Reservoir is the designated place to hold water when the Desalination plant is operating.
There is a pipe running between Wongthaggi and Cardina Reservoir to make this possible.
Emerald has a Kindergarten and a Pre School, Emerald Primary School (with roughly 400 students) which serves the local area and a secondary school, Emerald Secondary College which serves the Southern Dandenong Ranges region.
Emerald has its own library at Worrell Reserve as part of the Casey Cardinia Library Corporation.
The Emerald Community House runs adult education, pre-accredited ACFE training courses and hobby courses.
There are also childcare programs, out of school hours care and children's extension programs and disability services.
The University of the Third Age (U3A) is located in U3A House, 402 Main Street.
Emerald has a part-time Police Station, a full-time Ambulance Station as well as a volunteer CFA Brigade and SES Unit.
The Emerald Fire Brigade is located on Emerald-Monbulk Road near the roundabout of Belgrave-Gembrook Road, and attends approximately 190 Emergency Incidents per year.
The Brigade trains on Wednesday evenings and Sunday mornings and new members are always welcome.
The Emerald Volunteer State Emergency Service Unit is located on Old Gembrook Road near the Corner of Sherriff Road.