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On the administrative level , the island of Dejima was part of the city of Nagasaki . | The island of Dejima was part of the city of Nagasaki . |
But after an uprising of the predominantly Christian population in the Shimabara-Amakusa region , the Tokugawa government decided to expel all Western nationals except the Dutch employees of the Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie , VOC ) . | After a rebellion of the mostly Christian population in the Shimabara-Amakusa region , the Tokugawa government banned all Western nationals except the Dutch employees of the Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie , VOC ) . |
Since 1609 , the Dutch had run a trading post on the island of Hirado . | Since 1609 the Dutch had a trading post on the island of Hirado . |
At first Portuguese traders were based in Hirado , but they moved in search of a better port . | At first Portuguese traders were based in Hirado . |
In 1922 , `` Dejima Dutch Trading Post '' was designated a Japanese national historic site . | `` Dejima Dutch Trading Post '' is now a Japanese national historic site . |
Dejima was built to constrain foreign traders as part of sakoku , the self-imposed isolationist policy . | Dejima was built to keep foreign traders out of Japan as part of `` sakoku '' self-imposed isolationist policy . |
Times were especially hard when the Netherlands ( then called the Batavian Republic ) was under French Napoleonic rule . | Life on Dejima became especially difficult when the Netherlands ( then called the Batavian Republic ) was under French Napoleonic rule . |
Trade declined in the 18th century , as only two ships per year were allowed to dock at Dejima . | This was because only two ships per year were allowed to dock at Dejima . |
Covering an area of 120 m x 75 m ( 9000 square meters , or 0.9 hectares ) , it later was integrated into the city . | It covers an area of 120 m x 75 m ( 9000 square meters , or 0.9 hectares ) and has now become part of the city of Nagasaki . |
In 1580 Sumitada gave the jurisdiction of Nagasaki to the Jesuits , and the Portuguese obtained the de facto monopoly on the silk trade with China through Macau . | In 1580 Sumitada gave the jurisdiction of Nagasaki to the Jesuits . |
The shogun Iemitsu ordered the construction of the artificial island in 1634 , to accommodate the Portuguese traders living in Nagasaki and prevent the propagation of their religion . | Shogun Iemitsu ordered the creation of the artificial island in 1634 . |
The 25 local Japanese families who owned the real estate received an annual rent from the Dutch . | 25 local Japanese families owned the land . |
The Dutch were not allowed to hold any religious services on the island . | Religious services were not allowed on the island . |
Every ship that arrived in Dejima was inspected . | Every ship that came to Dejima was inspected . |
From 1641 on , only Chinese and Dutch ships were allowed to come to Japan , and Nagasaki harbor was the only harbor to which their entry was permitted . | From 1641 on , only Chinese and Dutch ships were allowed to come to Japan . |
This island , which was formed by digging a canal through a small peninsula , remained as the single place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the Edo period . | It was the only place of direct contact and trade between Japan and the outside world during the Edo period . |
The Dutch were watched by a number of Japanese officials , gatekeepers , night watchmen , and a supervisor ( otona ) with about fifty subordinates . | The Dutch were watched by a number of Japanese officials , gatekeepers and night watchmen . |
Six years later the Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier landed in Kagoshima . | Six years later Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier came to the island of Kyushu at Kagoshima . |
The chief Dutch official in Japan was called the Opperhoofd by the Dutch , or Kapitan ( from Portuguese capitão ) by the Japanese . | The Japanese also called him Kapitan ( from Portuguese capitão ) . |
All ties with the homeland were severed at Dejima , and for a while , it was the only place in the world where the Dutch flag was flown . | For a time Dejima was the only place in the world where the Dutch flag was flown because they were not ruled by France . |
After the bankruptcy of the East-India Company in 1795 , the Dutch government took over exchange with Japan . | After that , the Dutch government took over the trade with Japan . |
They confiscated religious books and weapons . | Religious books and weapons were taken away . |
It contained houses for about twenty Dutchmen , warehouses , and accommodation for Japanese officials . | There were houses for about twenty Dutchmen and warehouses for goods . |
Dejima had become a failed investment and without the annual trading with Portuguese ships from Macau , the economy of Nagasaki suffered greatly . | Without the yearly Portuguese ships from Macau , the economy of Nagasaki suffered heavily . |
Dejima was a small island , 120 by 75 meters , linked to the mainland by a small bridge , guarded on both sides , and with a gate on the Dutch side . | The island was linked to the mainland by a small bridge with guards . |
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant , the other being the root . | A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant . |
The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes . | The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes , the nodes hold buds which grow into one or more leaves , flowers , cones or other stems etc. . |
In most plants stems are located above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems . | In most plants , stems are above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems called stolons or rhizomes . |
Stems have four main functions which are : Stems are often specialized for storage , asexual reproduction , protection or photosynthesis , including the following : See also : Stele ( biology ) Stem usually consist of three tissues , dermal tissue , ground tissue and vascular tissue . | Stems are often specialized for storage , asexual reproduction , protection or photosynthesis , including the following : The most important tissue inside the stem is the vascular tissue . |
Kamakura was designated as a city on November 3 , 1939 . | Kamakura was made a municipality on November 3 , 1939 . |
is a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture , Japan , about 50 kilometres ( 31 miles ) south-south-west of Tokyo . | It is about 50 kilometres ( 31 mi ) south of Tokyo . |
Abhisit earned a bachelor 's degree in philosophy , politics and economics ( PPE ) , first class honors , and a master 's degree in economics from St John 's College , Oxford . | Abhisit received at Bachelor 's Degree in Philosophy , Politics , and Economics ( PPE ) with first class honor and Master 's degree in Economics . |
He was the son of King Oswald of Northumbria , who was killed at the Battle of Maserfield in 642 . | He was the son of King Oswald of Northumbria , who was killed by Penda of Mercia at the Battle of Maserfield in 642 . |
However , when the armies of Oswiu and Penda met on 15 November at the Battle of the Winwaed , Œthelwald withdrew his forces . | But , when the armies of Oswiu and Penda met on 15 November at the Battle of the Winwaed , Athelwald withdrew to safety . |
He subsequently allied himself with Oswiu 's enemy , Penda of Mercia , and assisted Penda during his invasion of Northumbria in 655 . | At some point he allied himself with Oswiu 's enemy , Penda of Mercia . |
Bobby Darin ( born Walden Robert Cassotto ; May 14 , 1936 - December 20 , 1973 ) was an American singer , songwriter , and actor of film and television . | Walden Robert Cassotto ( May 14 , 1936 - December 20 , 1973 ) , better known as Bobby Darin , was an American pop singer , most famous during the 1950s . |
Bobby Darin married Sandra Dee in 1960 . | Darin was married to actress Sandra Dee from 1960 to 1967 . |
Shakhriyar Mamedyarov was born April 12 , 1985 in Sumgayit , Azerbaijan . | Shakhriyar Mamadyarov ( born 12 April 1985 in Sumgayit , Azerbaijan ) , is a chess grandmaster . |
He is also known to have quarreled with his staff officer Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald . | However , he quarreled with his staff officer Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald . |
Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski or Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski ( 1 March 1899 - 8 March 1972 ) was a high profile Nazi official of the Third Reich and a member of the SS , in which he reached the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer ( General ) . | Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski or Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski ( 1 March 1899 - 8 March 1972 ) , was a Nazi leader and a member of the SS , where he had the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer . |
In June 1942 , after the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in Prague , Hitler wanted Bach-Zelewski to take Heydrich 's place as the leader of the Reich Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . | In June 1942 , after the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in Prague , Adolf Hitler wanted von dem Bach-Zelewski to take Heydrich 's job as Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia . |
Until 1943 , Bach-Zalewski remained the HSSPF in command of `` anti-partisan '' units on the central front , a special command created by Adolf Hitler . | Until 1943 , von dem Bach-Zalewski was the HSSPF in command of `` anti-partisan '' units on the central front , a special command created by Adolf Hitler . |
On 23 October 1925 , he legally changed his surname to von dem Bach-Zalewski . | On October 23 , 1925 , he changed changed his last name to ` von dem Bach-Zalewski ` . |
In November 1914 , Erich von Zalewski volunteered for the Prussian army , becoming one of the youngest recruits and serving until the end of World War I . He was wounded twice , and awarded the Iron Cross . | In November 1914 Erich von Zalewski asked to join the Prussian army , and was one of the youngest soldiers and remained a soldier fighting for the army until the end of World War I . He was wounded twice , and was given the Cross of Honor ( Ehrenkreuz ) and then Iron Cross . |
Units under his command killed approximately 200,000 civilians ( more than 65,000 in mass executions ) and an unknown number of POWs . | Units under his command killed about 200,000 people including more than 65,000 executions , and an unknown number of POWs . |
Zelewski was born in Lauenburg , Pomerania , German Empire ( now Lębork , Poland ) , on 1 March 1899 . | He was born in Lauenburg , in Pomerania , in the old German Empire ( now called Lębork , Poland ) , on 1 March 1899 . |
For his exploits in Warsaw , Bach-Zelewski was awarded the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross by the Nazi regime on 30 September 1944 . | For what he did in Warsaw , the Nazi Government gave him the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross on September 30 , 1944 . |
Bach-Zalewski was rapidly promoted and , by the end of 1933 , had reached the rank of Major General ( SS-Brigadeführer ) . | He was quickly promoted and by the end of 1933 had reached the rank of SS-Brigadeführer . |
He went on to have the Polish sounding `` Zelewski '' officially removed from his name in November 1941 . | He removed `` Zelewski '' from his name in November 1941 because of its Polish sound . |
A Nazi Party member of the Reichstag from 1932 to 1944 , Bach-Zalewski participated in the Night of the Long Knives in 1934 , taking the opportunity to have Buchwald murdered . | He was a member of the Reichstag from 1932 to 1944 , he took part in the Night of the Long Knives in 1934 , and had Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald murdered . |
Born Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski , he legally added `` von dem Bach '' to the family name late in 1933 . | His name when he was born was Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski . |
After more than two months of heavy fighting and the total destruction of Warsaw , Bach-Zelewski managed to take control of the city while committing the cruelest atrocities in the process . | After more than two months of heavy fighting and the total destruction of Warsaw he then was able to control the city . |
By 1937 , Bach-Zalewski had become the Higher SS and Police Leader , Höherer SS - und Polizeiführer ( HSSPF ) in Silesia and also served as the Commander of SS main district South East ( SS-Oberabschnitt Südost ) . | By 1937 he had become the Höherer SS - und Polizeiführer ( HSSPF - Higher SS and Police Leader ) in Silesia . |
Bach-Zalewski was the only HSSPF in the occupied Soviet territories to retain genuine authority over the police after Hans-Adolf Prützmann and Jeckeln lost theirs to the civil administration . | Von dem Bach-Zalewski was the only HSSPF in the Soviet areas taken over by the Germans to have real authority over the police after Hans-Adolf Prützmann and Jockeln lost theirs to the civil government . |
From 1934 he served as leader of SS main districts ( SS-Oberabschnitten ) initially in East Prussia and after 1936 in Silesia . | He served in many Nazi party jobs , first in East Prussia and after 1936 in Silesia . |
In July 1943 , Bach-Zelewski became commander of the so-called `` Bandenkämpfverbände '' ( `` Band-fighting Unit '' ) , responsible for the mass murder of 35,000 civilians in Riga and more than 200,000 in Belarus and eastern Poland . | On 22 June 1941 , von dem Bach-Zelewski became HSSPF in the Heeresgruppe Mitte ( Army Group Center ) ; in July 1943 , he became commander of the `` Bandenkämpfverbände '' ( `` Band-fighting Units '' ) , that carried out the mass murder of 35,000 people in Riga and more than 200,000 in Belarus and eastern Poland . |
On 2 August 1944 , Bach-Zelewski took command of all German troops fighting against the Warsaw Uprising . | On 2 August 1944 , he took command of all soldiers fighting against the Warsaw Uprising as Korpsgruppe Bach . |
The authorities designated him as the future HSSPF in Moscow ; however , the Wehrmacht failed to take the city . | The government was going to make him the future HSSPF in Moscow ; however , the Wehrmacht did not get into the city . |
Frogger is an arcade game introduced in 1981 . | Frogger is an arcade video game made in 1981 by Konami . |
The player guides a frog which starts at the bottom of the screen . | The frog starts at the bottom of the screen . |
To do this , each frog must avoid cars while crossing a busy road and navigate a river full of hazards . | The frog must first cross a busy road . |
Frogger is still popular and clones can be found on many Internet game sites . | Frogger is very popular and there are many newer Frogger games . |
The electric flux over a surface S is therefore given by the surface integral : where E is the electric field and dS is a differential area on the closed surface S with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction . | Using full vector notation , the electric flux through a small area is given by The electric flux over a surface S is therefore given by the surface integral : where E is the electric field and dA is a differential area on the surface with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction . |
Thus , the SI base units of electric flux are kg · m3 · s − 3 · A − 1 . | So , the SI base units of electric flux are kg \* m3 \* s − 3 \* A − 1 . |
It is important to note that while the electric flux is not affected by charges that are not within the closed surface , the net electric field , E , in the Gauss ' Law equation , can be affected by charges that lie outside the closed surface . | But the net electric field , E , in the Gauss ' Law equation , can be affected by charges that lie outside the closed surface . |
While Gauss ' Law holds for all situations , it is only useful for `` by hand '' calculations when high degrees of symmetry exist in the electric field . | Gauss ' Law is true in all situations , but people can only use it to calculate when high degrees of symmetry exist in the electric field . |
For a closed Gaussian surface , electric flux is given by : where E is the electric field , S is any closed surface , Q is the total electric charge inside the surface S , ε0 is the electric constant ( a universal constant , also called the `` permittivity of free space '' ) ( ε0 ≈ 8.854 187 817 ... x 10 − 12 farads per meter ( F · m − 1 ) ) . | For a closed Gaussian surface , electric flux is given by : where QS is the net charge enclosed by the surface ( including both free and bound charge ) , and ε0 is the electric constant . |
It is part of the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area , which was home to 5,564,635 people at the 2010 census . | It is part of the Greater Miami Metropolitan Statistical Area , which was home to 5,564,635 people at this census . |
Lauderhill , officially the City of Lauderhill , is a city in Broward County , Florida . | Lauderhill is a town in south Florida . |
The first known Swedish document reporting temperatures in this modern `` forward '' Celsius scale is the paper Hortus Upsaliensis dated 16 December 1745 that Linnaeus wrote to a student of his , Samuel Nauclér . | The first known document reporting temperatures in this modern `` forward '' Celsius scale is the paper Hortus Upsaliensis dated 16 December 1745 that Linnaeus wrote to a student of his , Samuel Nauclér . |
This pressure is known as one standard atmosphere . | This pressure is known as one atmosphere . |
His custom-made `` linnaeus-thermometer '' , for use in his greenhouses , was made by Daniel Ekström , Sweden 's leading maker of scientific instruments at the time and whose workshop was located in the basement of the Stockholm observatory . | His custom-made `` linnaeus-thermometer , '' to use in his greenhouses , was made by Daniel Ekström , then Sweden 's leading maker of scientific instruments . Eckstöm 's workshop was in the basement of the Stockholm observatory . |
As often happened in this age before modern communications , numerous physicists , scientists , and instrument makers are credited with having independently developed this same scale ; among them were Pehr Elvius , the secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( which had an instrument workshop ) and with whom Linnaeus had been corresponding ; Daniel Ekström ( SV ) , the instrument maker ; and Mårten Strömer ( 1707-1770 ) who had studied astronomy under Anders Celsius . | As often happened in this age before modern communications , many physicists , scientists , and instrument makers are given credit with independently making the same measurement scale ; among them were Pehr Elvius , the secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( which had an instrument workshop ) , who Linnaeus had also talked to ; Christin of Lyons ; Daniel Ekström , the instrument maker ; and Mårten Strömer ( 1707-1770 ) who had studied astronomy under Anders Celsius . |
He proposed that the zero point of his temperature scale , being the boiling point , would be calibrated at the mean barometric pressure at mean sea level . | He decided that zero on his temperature scale ( water 's boiling point ) would be set at the standard barometric pressure at sea level . |
Temperatures on the centigrade scale were often reported simply as degrees or , when greater specificity was desired , as degrees centigrade . | Temperatures on the centigrade scale were often reported as `` degrees '' or `` degrees centigrade . '' |
The symbol for temperature values on this scale is ° C. Because the term centigrade was also the Spanish and French language name for a unit of angular measurement ( 1\/10 ,000 of a right angle ) and had a similar connotation in other languages , the term centesimal degree was used when very precise , unambiguous language was required by international standards bodies such as the BIPM . | Because the name `` centigrade '' was also the Spanish and French language name for a unit of angular measurement ( one-hundredth of a right angle ) and had a similar meaning in other languages , the term `` centesimal degree '' was used when very precise , clear language was required for international communication , such as by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures ( BIPM ) . |
In his paper Observations of two persistent degrees on a thermometer , he recounted his experiments showing that the melting point of ice is essentially unaffected by pressure . | He showed that the melting point of ice was basically unaffected by air pressure . |
It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) , who developed a similar temperature scale . | This unit was created by Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) , a Swedish astronomer . |
In 1744 , coincident with the death of Anders Celsius , the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus ( 1707-1778 ) reversed Celsius 's scale . | In 1744 , the year Anders Celsius died , the famous Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus ( 1707-1778 ) used a reversed version of Celsius 's scale when he bought his first thermometer . |
In 1742 , Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) created a temperature scale which was the reverse of the scale now known by the name `` Celsius '' : 0 represented the boiling point of water , while 100 represented the freezing point of water . | In 1742 , Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) made a `` reversed '' version of the modern Celsius temperature scale . |
In it , Linnaeus recounted the temperatures inside the orangery at the Botanical Garden of Uppsala University : Since the 19th century , the scientific and thermometry communities worldwide referred to this scale as the centigrade scale . | In it , Linnaeus reported the temperatures inside the orangery at the Botanical Garden of Uppsala University : '' ... since the caldarium ( the hot part of the greenhouse ) by the angle of the windows , merely from the rays of the sun , obtains such heat that the thermometer often reaches 30 degrees , although the keen gardener usually takes care not to let it rise to more than 20 to 25 degrees , and in winter not under 15 degrees ... '' For the next 204 years , the scientific and thermometry communities worldwide called this scale the `` centigrade scale . '' |
Celsius , also known as centigrade , is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature . | Celsius ( more precisely , a degree Celsius ) , sometimes called centigrade , is a unit of measurement used in many countries to measure temperature . |
Eventually , the lyrics written by Hafeez Jullundhri were approved and the new national anthem was broadcast publicly for the first time on Radio Pakistan on 13 August 1954 , sung by Hafeez Jullundhri himself . | The national anthem of Pakistan was written some time later by the Urdu poet Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez Jullundhri . |
Sinhala has its own writing system , the Sinhala alphabet , which is a member of the Brahmic family of scripts , and a descendant of the ancient Indian Brahmi script . | Sinhala has its own writing system ( see Sinhala script ) which is an offspring of the Indian Brahmi script . |
It belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages . | It belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family . |
Sinhala is also spoken , as a second language by other ethnic groups in Sri Lanka , totalling about 3 million . | Sinhala is spoken by about 19 million people in Sri Lanka , about 16 million of them are native speakers . |
The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives and Minicoy Island ( India ) , Dhivehi . | The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives , Dhivehi . |
Sinhala is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka . | It is one of the constitutionally-recognised official languages of Sri Lanka , along with Tamil . |
The Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , commonly known as the North American opossum , is the only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico . | The Virginia Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , sometimes called a possum , is a marsupial . |
The Virginia opossum is the original animal named `` opossum '' . | There are many marsupials in Australia , but the Virginia Opossum is the only North American marsupial . |
The Julian Day Number ( JDN ) is the integer assigned to a whole solar day in the Julian day count starting from noon Greenwich Mean Time , with Julian day number 0 assigned to the day starting at noon on January 1 , 4713 BC , proleptic Julian calendar ( November 24 , 4714 BC , in the proleptic Gregorian calendar ) . | The Julian day or Julian day number ( JDN ) is the number of days that have passed since the initial epoch defined as noon Universal Time ( UT ) Monday , January 1 , 4713 BC in the Julian calendar . |
The Julian Date ( JD ) of any instant is the Julian day number for the preceding noon plus the fraction of the day since that instant . | The Julian date ( JD ) is a continuous count of days and fractions elapsed since the same initial epoch . |
Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene . | Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' , because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene . |
Approximately 100 species of apes lived during this time . | About 100 species of ape lived at that time , and cetaceans were very common in the seas . |
The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene . | They are set at regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene epochs . |
Mammals and birds were well-established . | Modern families of mammals and birds existed . |
The Miocene follows the Oligocene epoch and is followed by the Pliocene epoch . | As the earth cooled , it went from the Oligocene epoch , through the Miocene , and into the Pliocene . |
A sliding cursor with a vertical alignment line is used to find corresponding points on scales that are not adjacent to each other or , in duplex models , are on the other side of the rule . | A sliding cursor with a vertical alignment line is used to find corresponding points on scales that are not next to each other or , in duplex models , are on the other side of the rule . |
The use of slide rules continued to grow through the 1950s and 1960s even as digital computing devices were being gradually introduced ; but around 1974 the electronic scientific calculator made it largely obsolete and most suppliers left the business . | The use of slide rules continued to grow through the 1950s and 1960s even as digital computing devices were gradually introduced ; but around 1974 the electronic scientific calculator made the slide rule largely obsolete and most suppliers exited the business . |
We wanted to find 2 × 7 , but instead we calculated ( 2\/10 ) × 7 = 0.2 × 7 = 1.4 . | We wanted to find 2 × 7 , but instead we calculated 0.2 × 7 = 1.4 . |
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