sentence1
stringlengths 1
8.54k
| sentence2
stringlengths 1
15.9k
⌀ |
|---|---|
More elaborate slide rules allow other calculations , such as square roots , exponentials , logarithms , and trigonometric functions . | More complex slide rules allow other calculations , such as square roots , exponentials , logarithms , and trigonometric functions . |
For example , to calculate 3 × 2 , the 1 on the top scale is moved to the 2 on the bottom scale . | For example , to calculate 3 \* 2 , the 1 on the top scale is moved to the 2 on the bottom scale . |
The slide rule is used primarily for multiplication and division , and also for functions such as roots , logarithms and trigonometry , but is not normally used for addition or subtraction . | The slide rule is used primarily for multiplication and division , and also for `` scientific '' functions such as roots , logarithms and trigonometry , but does not generally perform addition or subtraction . |
The second method utilizes a sliding linear L scale available on some models . | The second method uses a sliding linear L scale available on some models . |
The slide rule , also known colloquially in the United States as a slipstick , is a mechanical analog computer . | The slide rule , also known as a slipstick , is a mechanical analog computer . |
Some slide rules ( `` duplex '' models ) have scales on both sides of the rule and slide strip , others on one side of the outer strips and both sides of the slide strip ( which can usually be pulled out , flipped over and reinserted for convenience ) , still others on one side only ( `` simplex '' rules ) . | Some slide rules ( `` duplex '' models ) have scales on both sides of the rule and slide strip , others on one side of the outer strips and both sides of the slide strip , still others on one side only ( `` simplex '' rules ) . |
This works because the distances from the `` 1 '' are proportional to the logarithms of the marked values : Operations may go `` off the scale ; '' for example , the diagram above shows that the slide rule has not positioned the 7 on the upper scale above any number on the lower scale , so it does not give any answer for 2 × 7 . | Operations may go `` off the scale ; '' for example , the diagram above shows that the slide rule has not positioned the 7 on the upper scale above any number on the lower scale , so it does not give any answer for 2 × 7 . |
The S scale has a second set of angles ( sometimes in a different color ) , which run in the opposite direction , and are used for cosines . | For angles from around 5.7 up to 90 degrees , sines are found by comparing the S scale with C . The S scale has a second set of angles ( sometimes in a different color ) , which run in the opposite direction , and are used for cosines . |
Most slide rules consist of three linear strips of the same length , aligned in parallel and interlocked so that the central strip can be moved lengthwise relative to the other two . | The strips are aligned in parallel and interlocked so that the central strip can be moved lengthwise relative to the other two . |
In such cases , the user may slide the upper scale to the left until its right index aligns with the 2 , effectively dividing by 10 ( by subtracting the full length of the C-scale ) and then multiplying by 7 , as in the illustration below : Here the user of the slide rule must remember to adjust the decimal point appropriately to correct the final answer . | In such cases , the user may slide the upper scale to the left until its right index aligns with the 2 , effectively multiplying by 0.2 instead of by 2 , as in the illustration below : Here the user of the slide rule must remember to adjust the decimal point appropriately to correct the final answer . |
In general , mathematical calculations are performed by aligning a mark on the sliding central strip with a mark on one of the fixed strips , and then observing the relative positions of other marks on the strips . | Mathematical calculations are done by aligning a mark on the sliding central strip with one on one of the fixes strips . |
Tangents are found by comparing the T scale with the C ( or D ) scale for angles less than 45 degrees . | Tangents are found by comparing the T scale with C or , for angles greater than 45 degrees , CI . |
Many slide rules have S , T , and ST scales marked with degrees and minutes ( e.g. some Keuffel and Esser models , late-model Teledyne-Post Mannheim-type rules ) . | Many slide rules have S , T , and ST scales marked with degrees and minutes . |
William Oughtred and others developed the slide rule in the 17th century based on the emerging work on logarithms by John Napier . | William Oughtred and others developed the slide rule in the 1600s . |
Slide rules manufactured for specialized fields such as aviation or finance typically feature additional scales that aid in calculations common to that field . | Some slide rules have been made for specialised fields of application , for example aviation or finance . |
Before the advent of the pocket calculator , it was the most commonly used calculation tool in science and engineering . | Before electronic calculators were developed , slide rules were the tool used most often in science and engineering . |
Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in physics ( computational physics ) , astrophysics , chemistry and biology , human systems in economics , psychology , social science , and engineering . | They are used in many ways including in astronomy , economics and sciences such as physics and biology . |
Passive sub-irrigation , also known as passive hydroponics or semi-hydroponics , is a method wherein plants are grown in an inert porous medium that transports water and fertilizer to the roots by capillary action from a separate reservoir as necessary , reducing labor and providing a constant supply of water to the roots . | This method is also known as passive hydroponics or semi-hydroponics . |
This research , however , overlooked the fact that hydroponics has other advantages including the fact that the roots of the plant have constant access to oxygen and that the plants have access to as much or as little water as they need . | The roots of the plant hang in the air and the advantage of this system is that the roots have good access to oxygen . |
When it opened , it had the steepest drop of any wooden roller coaster in the world at 76 degrees , until the record was broken by T Express in 2008 by one degree . | It has the steepest drop of any wooden roller coaster in the world , at 76 degrees . |
El Toro , a Spanish term meaning The Bull , is a wooden roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson , New Jersey . | El Toro ( The Bull ) is a wooden roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson , New Jersey , United States . |
El Toro is very different from a traditional wooden roller coaster because it uses prefabricated wooden track . | El Toro is quite different than most other wooden roller coasters because it is made out prefabricated track , which means that the pieces of track were cut in a factory and do not need to be cut by hand . |
The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States . | The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement in the United States in the early and mid 1800s . |
Both intelligent patrons of literature and art , Anna Amalia and Charles Augustus attracted to their court the leading German scholars , including Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Friedrich Schiller and Johann Gottfried Herder , and made their residence Weimar an important cultural center in an era referred to as Weimar Classicism . | Both intelligent patrons of literature and art , Anna Amalia and Charles Augustus attracted to their court the leading scholars in Germany , including Goethe , Schiller and Herder , and made Weimar an important cultural center . |
His son Ernest Augustus II , who succeeded him in 1748 , died in 1758 , whereafter Empress Maria Theresa appointed his young widow , Duchess Anna Amalia , regent of the country and guardian of her infant son , Charles Augustus . | Ernest Augustus II , who succeeded in 1748 , died in 1758 , and his young widow , Anna Amalia , became regent for her infant son , Charles Augustus . |
The regency of energetic Anna Amalia and the reign of Charles Augustus , who was raised by the writer Christoph Martin Wieland , formed a high point in the history of Saxe-Weimar . | The regency of Anna Amalia and the reign of Charles Augustus were important in the history of Saxe-Weimar . |
In 1809 Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach , which had been united only in the person of the duke , were formally merged into the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach . | In 1809 Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach , which had been separate duchies with the same duke became one country as the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach . |
However , at the same time he joined Prussia in the War of the Fourth Coalition against the French Empire , and after the defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt was forced to accede the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 . | After France won the Battle of Jena , Saxe Weimar was forced to join the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806 . |
Other important influences on the war novel included the tragedies of such dramatists as Euripides , Seneca the Younger , Christopher Marlowe , and Shakespeare . | Euripides , Seneca the Younger , Christopher Marlowe , and William Shakespeare wrote plays that are important influences on war novels . |
An example of one such work is Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen 's Simplicius Simplicissimus , a semi-autobiographical account of the Thirty Years ' War . | One example is Simplicissimus by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen . |
It is sometimes referred to as military fiction . | It is sometimes called military fiction . |
The war novel 's main roots lie in the epic poetry of the classical and medieval periods , especially Homer 's The Iliad , Virgil 's The Aeneid , the Old English saga Beowulf , and different versions of the legends of King Arthur . | Some of the most famous epic poems are The Iliad by Homer , The Aeneid by Virgil , the Old English saga Beowulf , and the legends of King Arthur . |
Since 19 March 1803 , Rheinfelden has been the capital of a district of the same name , in the canton of Aargau . | Since 19 March 1803 , Rheinfelden has been the capital of the district of the same name , in the canton of Aargau . |
Bernhard brought them weapons , but in the second passage on 3 March they were heavily defeated , as he and his men unexpectedly re-appeared on the battlefield , with Savelli and Werth falling into captivity . | Bernhard brought them weapons , but in the second passage on 3 March they were defeated , as he and his men unexpectedly re-appeared on the battlefield , with Savelli and Werth falling into captivity . |
In 1745 , during the War of the Austrian Succession , the French made a fortress on the same ground and also blasted a portion of the city wall . | In 1745 , during the War of the Austrian Succession , the French made a fortress on the same ground and also ruined part of the city wall . |
Between 1633 and 1638 the Thirty Years ' War reached Fricktal , where Rheinfelden played an important role . | Between 1633 and 1638 , the Thirty Years ' War reached Fricktal , where Rheinfelden played a big role . |
On 17 July 1796 Rheinfelden was again occupied and looted by the French . | On 17 July 1796 , Rheinfelden was again occupied and looted by the French . |
As a result of the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797 , the Fricktal became a French protectorate , forming the front line between the French Revolutionary and the Austrian troops in the War of the Second Coalition . | Because of the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797 , the Fricktal became a protectorate of the French , making the front line between the French Revolutionary and the Austrian troops in the War of the Second Coalition . |
With the beginning of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ( the German Mediatisation ) , Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved the canton of Fricktal . | With the beginning of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ( the German Mediatisation ) , Napoleon Bonaparte removed the canton of Fricktal . |
Towards the end of the 4th century a border fort was constructed at the western settlement . | Towards the end of the 4th century , a fort was built at the western settlement . |
In the year 45 BC , a few kilometres further west , the settlement Augusta Raurica was founded , the first Roman town in Switzerland , near modern Kaiseraugst . | In the year 45 BC , a few kilometers west , the village Augusta Raurica was made , the first Roman town in Switzerland , near modern Kaiseraugst . |
The Protestants lost this encounter and moved on . | The Protestants lost this battle and moved on . |
The name means the fields of the Rhine , as the town is located on the Hochrhein . | The name means the fields of the Rhine , as the town is on the Hochrhein . |
On 20 February 1802 Rheinfelden was made a district capital of the newly created Canton of Fricktal , ( Principality of Frickgau ) , joining the Helvetic Republic in August , the point at which the city became decisively Swiss . | On 20 February 1802 , Rheinfelden was made the capital city of the new Canton of Fricktal , joining the Helvetic Republic in August , the point at which the city became mostly Swiss . |
On 28 February the Battle of Rheinfelden began , as the city was attacked by numerically-superior Imperial and Bavarian troops under the command of Johann von Werth and Federico Savelli . | On 28 February , the Battle of Rheinfelden began , as the city was attacked by the bigger Imperial and Bavarian troops sent by Johann von Werth and Federigo Savelli . |
The area around Rheinfelden was already settled in the Middle Stone Age , around 10,000 years before the present day . | The area around Rheinfelden was already settled about 10,000 years ago . |
On 5 February 1638 , the city was besieged by Protestant troops under the command of Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar . | On 5 February 1638 , the city was put under attack by Protestant troops sent by Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar . |
On 15 July 1633 , Swedish and French troops devastated the city . | On 15 July 1633 , Swedish and French troops ruined the city . |
During the Rappenkrieg , a peasant uprising that lasted from 1612 until 1614 , the city was unsuccessfully besieged but devastated . | During the Rappenkrieg ( a peasant uprising that lasted from 1612 until 1614 ) , the city was ruined . |
In 1678 , French troops under the command of François de Créquy fired at the city . | In 1678 , French troops sent by François de Créquy fired at the city . |
The entire old town of Rheinfelden is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . | The old town of Rheinfelden is on the Rhine river . |
The Rhine is navigable by ship from Rheinfelden all the way to the North Sea . | The Rhine can be traveled down by ship from Rheinfelden all the way to the North Sea . |
The collective language codes in ISO 639-2 are listed below . | The list below shows all the codes in ISO 639-2 . |
While most languages are given one code by the standard , twenty of the languages described have two three-letter codes , a `` bibliographic '' code ( ISO 639-2 \ / B ) , which is derived from the English name for the language and was a necessary legacy feature , and a `` terminological '' code ( ISO 639-2 \ / T ) , which is derived from the native name for the language . | Where two ISO 639-2 codes are given in the table , the one with the asterisk is the bibliographic code ( B code ) and the other is the terminological code ( T code ) . |
The three-letter codes given for each language in this part of the standard are referred to as `` Alpha-3 '' codes . | Each language has a 3 letter code . |
The US Library of Congress is the registration authority for ISO 639-2 ( referred to as ISO 639-2 \ / RA ) . | First there was ISO 639-1 . |
The following two codes are identified as collective codes in ISO 639-2 but are ( at present ) missing from ISO 639-5 : Codes registered for 639-2 that are listed as collective codes in ISO 639-5 ( and collective codes by name in ISO 639-2 ) : Special codes in ISO 639-2 : | ISO 639 is a set of international standards that lists short codes for language names . |
Glen Travis Campbell ( born April 22 , 1936 ) is an American country music singer , guitarist , television host and occasional actor . | Glen Campbell ( born April 22 , 1936 ) is an American musician , singer and actor . |
On The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour , Campbell avoided political topics . | Campbell guest-starred on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour , and later hosted a series of his own , The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour . |
Tegan Jovanka is a fictional character played by Janet Fielding in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . | Tegan Jovanka is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . |
En route to Heathrow Airport to start her new job as a stewardess with Air Australia , her aunt Vanessa 's vehicle ( in which she is riding ) suffers a flat tyre . | On her way to Heathrow Airport to start her new job with Air Australia , her car suffers a flat tyre . |
She is present when the Fourth Doctor falls from the Pharos Project radio telescope and regenerates into his fifth incarnation , and continues to journey with the Doctor and his other companions . | She is present when the Fourth Doctor falls from the Pharos Project radio telescope and regenerates into his fifth incarnation , and continues to travel with the doctor Eventually , the chaos during the events of Resurrection of the Daleks prove too much and she chooses to leave the Doctor and Turlough and stay in 1984 London . |
An Australian airline stewardess and a native of Brisbane who was a companion of the Fourth and Fifth Doctors , she was a regular in the program from 1981 to 1984 . | Tegan Jovanka was an Australian airline stewardess who was a companion of the Fourth and Fifth Doctors , she was a regular in the program from 1981 to 1984 . |
Tegan enters a roadside police box to seek help , not knowing that it is actually the Doctor 's disguised TARDIS . | She enters a roadside police box to seek help , but she enters and does not realize that it is the Doctor 's Tardis . |
Leh is followed by Kargil as the largest town in Ladakh . | Leh is followed by Kargil as the second largest town in Ladakh . |
Almost half of Ladakhis are Tibetan Buddhists and the rest are mostly Shia Muslims . | A majority of Ladakhis are Tibetan Buddhists and the rest are mostly Shia Muslims . |
Some Ladakhi activists have in recent times called for Ladakh to be constituted as a union territory because of perceived unfair treatment by Kashmir and Ladakh 's cultural differences with predominantly Muslim Kashmir . | Some Ladakhi activists have in recent times called for Ladakh to be made into a union territory because of its religious and cultural differences with Kashmir , which is mostly Muslim . |
The entire state of Jammu and Kashmir continues to be the subject of a territorial dispute between India , Pakistan and China . | It is part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir . |
After the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 , the stretch of the Indus flowing through Ladakh is the only part of this river , which is greatly venerated in the Hindu religion and culture , that still flows through India . | The stretch of the Indus flowing through Ladakh is the only part of this river in India . |
Most major historical and current towns - Shey , Leh , Basgo and Tingmosgang ( but not Kargil ) , are situated close to the Indus River . | Most major historical and current towns ( Shey , Leh , Basgo and Tingmosgang ) are located close to the Indus River . |
Ladakh `` land of high passes '' is a region of India in the state of Jammu and Kashmir that lies between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the south , inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent . | It is located between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Himalayas to the south . |
The first recipient , in 1966 , was Alan Perlis , of Carnegie Mellon University . | The first Turing Award was given in 1966 to Alan Perlis , a teacher at Carnegie Mellon University . |
The Turing Award is recognized as the `` highest distinction in Computer science '' and `` Nobel Prize of computing '' . | The Turing Award is kind of like a Nobel Prize , but it is given only to people in computer science . |
Entre a Mi Mundo ( English : Enter My World ) is the third studio album by American Tejano pop singer Selena . | Entre A Mi Mundo ( English : Enter My World ) , was the fourth studio album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer , Selena . |
Entre a Mi Mundo won the prestigious `` Album of the Year - Orchestra '' award at the 1993 Tejano Music Awards and `` Regional\/Mexican Album of the Year '' at the 1993 Lo Nuestro Awards . | The album won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards and Premio Lo Nuestro Awards . |
`` Como La Flor '' , which is a Mexican cumbia song , had became Selena 's signature song , and one of her best well-known songs . | Songs like `` Como La Flor '' and `` La Carcacha '' became Selena 's signature songs and helped her crossover to tour in Mexico . |
It is the first novel in the Warriors series . | Into the Wild is the first book in the Warriors series . |
The first volume , Into the Wild , was written by Kate Cary under the pseudonym Erin Hunter , and completed in about three months . | This book was written by Kate Cary . |
Brüning 's first official act was to introduce a budget calling for steep spending cuts and steep tax increases . | Brüning 's first act was to introduce a budget calling for steep spending cuts and sharp tax increases . |
Largely because of his status as Germany 's greatest war hero , Hindenburg won the election in the second round of voting held on 26 April 1925 . | Because he was Germany 's greatest war hero , Hindenburg won the election in the second round of voting held on 26 April 1925 . |
Hindenburg retired again in 1919 , but returned to public life in 1925 to be elected as the second President of Germany . | Hindenburg retired again in 1919 , but returned to public life one more time in 1925 to be elected as the second President of Germany . |
Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , one of the leaders of the DNVP , visited Hindenburg and urged him to run . | After the first round Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , one of the leaders of the DNVP , visited Hindenburg and asked him to run . |
These advisers included his son , Oskar , Otto Meißner , General Wilhelm Groener , and General Kurt von Schleicher . | He advisers included his son , Oskar , his old army aide General Wilhelm Groener , and General Kurt von Schleicher . |
The famed zeppelin Hindenburg that was destroyed by fire in 1937 was named in his honor , as was the Hindenburgdamm , a causeway joining the island of Sylt to mainland Schleswig-Holstein that was built during his time in office . | The famous zeppelin Hindenburg that was destroyed by fire in 1937 had been named in his honor , as is the causeway joining the island of Sylt to mainland Schleswig-Holstein , the Hindenburgdamm , built during his time in office . |
He was aided by the support of the Bavarian People 's Party ( BVP ) , which switched from supporting Marx , and the refusal of the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) to withdraw its candidate , Ernst Thälmann ( if either had supported Marx he would have won ) . | He was helped when the Bavarian People 's Party ( BVP ) , switched its support from Marx , the SPD candidate and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) to did not withdraw its candidate , Ernst Thälmann . |
When the Reichstag voted to repeal the budget , Brüning had Hindenburg dissolve the Reichstag , just two years into its mandate , and reapprove the budget through the Article 48 mechanism . | When the Reichstag voted to cancel the budget , Brüning had Hindenburg dissolve Reichstag only two years into its mandate , and had the budget passed again by Article 48 . |
Hindenburg died the following year , after which Hitler declared the office of President vacant and , as `` Führer und Reichskanzler '' , made himself head of state . | Hindenburg died the next year , after which Hitler declared the office of President vacant and made himself Head of State . |
After the 1930 elections , Brüning continued to govern largely through Article 48 ; his government was kept afloat by the support of the Social Democrats who voted not to cancel his Article 48 bills in order not to have another election that could only benefit the Nazis and the Communists . | Brüning ruled through Article 48 ; the Social Democrats never voted not to cancel his Article 48 bills in order not to have another election that could only benefit the Nazis and the Communists . |
The Communist Party of Germany also made striking gains , albeit not so great . | The Communist Party of Germany also made gains . |
The `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' referred to the three articles of the Constitution that could make a `` Presidential government '' possible : Schleicher 's idea was to have Hindenburg appoint a man of Schleicher 's choosing as chancellor , who would rule under the provisions of Article 48 . | The `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' was the three articles of the Constitution that could make a `` Presidential government '' possible : Schleicher 's wanted to have Hindenburg appoint a chancellor that Schleicher chose . |
Though 84 years old and in poor health , Hindenburg was persuaded to run for reelection in 1932 , as he was considered the only candidate who could defeat Hitler . | He was 84 years old and in poor health , but had to run for re-election in 1932 as the only candidate who could defeat Adolf Hitler . |
It was he who came up with the idea of Presidential government based on the so-called `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' . | Schleicher came up with the idea of Presidential government , and the `` 25\/48\/53 formula '' . |
Though Hindenburg ran during the second round of the elections as a non-party independent , he was generally regarded as the conservative candidate . | Hindenburg eventually agreed to run in the second round of the elections as a non-party independent , although he was a conservative . |
In 1925 , Hindenburg was nominated to run for President of Germany despite the fact that he had no interest in running for public office , but accepted the nomination anyway . | In 1925 , Hindenburg had no interest in running for public office . |
The first attempt to establish a `` presidential government '' had occurred in 1926-1927 , but floundered for lack of political support . | The first try at `` presidential government '' in 1926-1927 failed for lack of political support . |
Hindenburg enjoyed a long career in the Prussian Army , retiring in 1911 . | Hindenburg retired from the army in 1911 . |
During the winter of 1929-1930 , however , Schleicher had more success . | During the winter of 1929-1930 , Schleicher had a series of secret meetings with Heinrich Brüning , the leader of the Catholic Center Party ( Zentrum ) . |
If the Reichstag should threaten to annul any laws so passed , Hindenburg could counter with the threat of dissolution . | If the Reichstag should threaten to cancel any of those laws , Hindenburg could threaten a dissolution , and call new elections . |
When the budget was defeated in July 1930 , Brüning arranged for Hindenburg to sign the budget into law by invoking Article 48 . | When the budget was defeated in July , Brüning had Hindenburg sign the budget as an emergency law under Article 48 . |
Although often referred to as the Ersatzkaiser ( substitute Emperor ) , Hindenburg made no effort to restore the monarchy and took his oath to the Weimar Constitution seriously . | He liked the monarchy , but took his oath to the Weimar Constitution seriously . |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.