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853989298_88937-89989 | John arrived in Mystic Falls for Founder 's Day and was shown as a member of the Founders ' Council . However , he knew Damon was a vampire , that there had been a tomb under the Fell 's Church , and he knew about Katherine . He tried to intimidate Damon into helping him find the invention but Damon threatened to kill him and everyone in the Council . Alaric and Damon discovered John was watching the vampires who had been in the tomb . John confronts Pearl about her possession of the invention but Pearl had already given it to Damon . When Isobel returns to town , John obtains the invention , and it is revealed Isobel and John were working for Katherine and planning to kill the tomb vampires . Unofficially , their goal was to kill the Salvatore brothers and save Elena from suffering in a life filled with vampires . John was additionally responsible for staking Pearl . John 's fingers ( including one wearing the wring ) are cut off by Katherine who stabs him , posing as Elena to gain access to the Gilbert house in the season one finale . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_89990-91231 | In the season two premiere , John was rushed to hospital and was confronted by Stefan and Elena about Katherine 's attack on him . Stefan then tells John that Elena does not want him there and Stefan threatens to turn John into a vampire if he does not leave . John packs his bags and gives his ring to Jeremy , though it was not made clear whether he had actually left Mystic Falls . John later returns to Mystic Falls and tells Jenna that he was Elena 's biological father . It was revealed that he and Isobel were working together to free Katherine . Elena had trouble believing and trusting John , especially after he invites Isobel into their house ; Elena rejects them and leaves . Isobel kills John at a party at the Lockwood Mansion , but he was seen wearing his ring and was brought back to life hours later . Upon learning that Isobel had committed suicide , John comes to the conclusion that he 's no longer wanted anywhere in Mystic Falls and prepares to leave . Elena asks him to stay as he 's the only parent she had left . Later , he goes through with a spell to save Elena from turning into a vampire , at the cost of his own life . He leaves Elena his ring and a letter saying he would have loved her as a human or vampire . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_91312-91549 | Dr. Meredith Fell is a local doctor and a member of the Founders ' Council . She uses vampire blood to cure people and starts dating Alaric . She knows that Alaric is unknowingly killing people because of his ring and wants to help him . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_91619-92280 | April Young is a girl from Elena and Jeremy 's past ; Elena used to babysit her . She returns to Mystic Falls for her father 's memorial service . She is openly nice and befriends almost everyone . April becomes Rebekah 's first real friend . She was unaware of the existence of supernatural creatures in Mystic Falls and was visibly frightened by Connor Jordan , who attacked her twice during his vampire hunts . When Rebekah disappears , April finds her and frees her by removing the dagger . She learns about the existence of vampires in Mystic Falls from Rebekah and helps her gain information from Elena , Stefan and Caroline about the cure for vampirism . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_92364-92812 | Olivia `` Liv '' Parker is a powerful and talented witch . She is in a coven -- one which hates everything the Travelers stand for -- that protects doppelgängers from the Travelers , especially Elena . She was a witch of the Gemini Coven and the twin sister of the late Luke Parker . Liv was the younger sister of Josette Parker , Malachai Parker , Joey Parker and three deceased unnamed siblings . She was the youngest daughter of Joshua Parker . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_92813-93373 | In season five , Liv was seen attending Whitmore College . She was introduced as an inexperienced witch and sought out Bonnie Bennett to help her . However , Liv and her brother were secretly sent by their coven to stop Markos and the Travelers . After Caroline Forbes snaps Luke 's neck sending him to the Other Side , Liv was forced to perform a spell that allows the deceased to be resurrected . Luke was revived and , as Liv became weaker , he told her to stop the spell . The two then fled , leaving Damon and Bonnie trapped in the collapsing Other Side . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_93374-94038 | In season six , Liv continued attending college and had developed a romantic relationship in Tyler Lockwood . She carefully watched over Tyler , doing everything to make sure his werewolf gene did n't trigger . Liv and Luke are later reunited with their long - lost sister , Jo ; they reveal that , as the twin children of the Gemini Coven 's leader , they must merge their powers on their twenty - second birthday -- the stronger of the two will become more powerful while the weaker will die . In the season six finale , Liv was killed by Tyler -- at her request -- so that he could trigger his werewolf gene in order to heal the wounds inflicted on him by Kai . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_94100-94402 | Lucas `` Luke '' Parker is a warlock and Liv 's twin brother . He is protective of his sister and is in the same coven as her . He is openly gay . He is a younger brother of twins Josette and Malachai Parker , Joey Parker and three unnamed deceased siblings . He was the youngest son of Joshua Parker . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_94403-95002 | In season five , Luke was seen attending Whitmore College . He quickly found himself working with Elena and her freinds in an effort to stop Markos and the Travelers . Luke 's neck was snapped by Caroline Forbes in order to motivate Liv to cast a spell to resurrect him , Stefan and the rest of their deceased friends on the rapidly disintegrating Other Side . Liv eventually revived Luke , and when he saw how the spell was draining her of her life force , he used his magic to force her to stop the spell . The two then fled , leaving Damon and Bonnie trapped on the Other Side when it collapsed . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_95003-95900 | In season six , it was revealed that Luke felt bad for leaving Damon and Bonnie trapped on the Other Side , and started providing hallucinogenic herbs to Elena so she could communicate with Damon . Luke explained to the group about his family 's dark past and how he would eventually have to merge with his twin , Liv . He completed the merge ceremony with Kai through a loophole because he did n't want to kill Liv , nor did he want Kai to do the same to Jo and take the leadership of their coven . He went into the ceremony believing that he could win , but he ended up losing the merge ceremony and his life essence was absorbed by Kai , along with his ability to possess magic ( something Kai was not born with ) . An unintended side - effect of the merge was Kai absorbing Luke 's personality traits , such as his compassion and empathy , which have tempered his own sociopathic personality . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_95965-96662 | Malachai `` Kai '' Parker is the twin brother of Josette , the older brother of Olivia , Lucas , Joey , and three other unnamed and deceased Parker siblings . He is a Siphoner , a witch born without the ability to generate his own magic but possessing a rare power that allows him to siphon and use magic from other sources . Because of this , Kai 's parents and the rest of the Gemini Coven ( excluding his siblings ) treated him as an abomination , which eventually caused him to go insane and kill the siblings born to replace him . The coven then harnessed the power of a solar eclipse to trap him in a purgatory dimension , which kept him trapped in a snapshot of May 10 , 1994 for 20 years . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_96749-97733 | Lillian `` Lily '' Salvatore is the mother of Stefan and Damon Salvatore and the widow of the late Giuseppe Salvatore . It has been suggested that she was kinder than her husband , Giuseppe . When Lily was very sick with consumption , she was sent away by Giuseppe . An unknown nurse ( who was assumed to have been a vampire ) fed her vampire blood while she was in the tuberculosis ward in 1858 . Lily died of consumption , triggering her transformation into a vampire . Realizing this , Lily faked her death and abandoned her family , protecting them from the threat she posed . When she fled to Europe , she succumbed to her bloodlust and became a Ripper vampire , slaughtering victims for blood in the most gruesome ways . Lily moved from city to city , killing many people , until she was encountered by the Gemini Coven in Manhattan . As a punishment for killing so many people , they trapped her in a prison world on October 31 , 1903 , where she was stuck for over a century . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_97757-97847 | Played by Elizabeth Blackmore ( season 7 ) and Katie Lumpkin ( season 6 ) Seasons : 6 -- 7 | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_97848-98565 | Valerie is a witch - vampire hybrid , and a member of the Heretics . She had a short romance with Stefan in 1863 , when she was human . Valerie shelters in Stefan 's house after being disowned and nearly killed by her own family . Valerie later helps Alaric find his unborn twin daughters , who had been spelled into Caroline 's vampire womb . Valerie and Stefan discover a desiccated Caroline and realize the talisman did n't work . Valerie gathers the remaining Heretics and together they perform a spell to attract the babies into being born . As others are forced to leave , Valerie stays behind , and Bonnie arrives to tell her of Beau 's death . Bonnie and Valerie then perform a spell and the babies are born . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_98566-99477 | Valerie speaks to Stefan of a magical safehouse for supernatural travelers in New Orleans , though then loses contact with him and informs Bonnie about it . She works with Matt -- despite their antagonistic relationship -- to help Stefan escape from Rayna Cruz . Valerie informs Damon of the Armory 's dark intentions . While Valerie and Stefan spend three years running from Rayna , they search for a magical herb to cloak Stefan 's Hunter scar from Rayna 's tracking abilities , and later begin a romantic relationship . Damon gets Valerie to reveal that she knew all along about a cure for Stefan 's Hunter scar , but did n't want to lose Stefan to Damon or Caroline . Valerie is subdued by Damon before she can transfer the scar onto Damon , which buys Rayna enough time to stab Stefan with her sword and trap him in the Phoenix Stone . Valerie flees on an airplane , distressed about Stefan 's entrapment . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_99504-99690 | The following is a list of minor characters who have had a story arc on the series that lasted four episodes or more . They are listed in the order that they first appeared on the show . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_99711-100929 | Zach Salvatore , portrayed by Chris William Martin , is Damon and Stefan 's great - great - great - nephew , in the first five episodes of the series before being killed by Damon after Zach locked him in a cellar . Logan Fell , portrayed by Chris J. Johnson in season one , is a news reporter who has a short romantic relationship with Jenna , but is later killed by Damon . He returns as a vampire , having been fed blood by Anna , but is eventually killed by Alaric . Harper , portrayed by Sterling Sulieman in season one , is a kind - hearted vampire that escapes from the tomb when it is opened , but he is killed by John Gilbert . Kelly Donovan , portrayed by Melinda Clarke in season one , is the mother of Matt and Vicki Donovan , who returns to Mystic Falls and learns her daughter has died . After a long absence from the series , Kelly makes a brief return in season eight . She claims to have died 2 years prior to her appearance and was sent to hell ; when Matt rings the Maxwell bell earlier in season eight he opened a door to hell and Katherine helped her and Vicki ( Kelly 's daughter and Matt 's sister ) escape in exchange for later help in destroying Mystic Falls . She almost kills Matt 's father . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_100950-102468 | Luka Martin , portrayed by Bryton James in season two , is a warlock who befriends Bonnie , but it is later found out that he and his father work for Elijah . He is burned to death by Damon 's flamethrower when he tries to invisibly save Elijah . Jonas Martin , portrayed by Randy J. Goodwin in season two , is Luka 's father . He is a warlock and is introduced as a friend of Elijah 's who can help defeat Klaus in order to save his daughter . He is later killed by Stefan . Jules , portrayed by Michaela McManus in season two , is a werewolf who comes to town looking for answers regarding Mason 's death . She helps Tyler deal with being a werewolf , but is later killed during the sacrifice . Adie Star , portrayed by Dawn Olivieri in season two and the first episode of season three , is a love - interest for Damon . He first uses her for feeding and sex , but later grows fond of her . She is killed by Stefan when he wants to prove to Damon that he is not worth saving . Maddox , portrayed by Gino Anthony Pesi at the end of season two , is a warlock who works for Klaus . He is shot by Matt in the back and killed by Damon . Dana , portrayed by Anna Enger , is a student at Mystic Falls High School who was compelled by Klaus ( in Alaric 's body ) at the decade dance to tell Elena to save the last dance for him . She makes her second and final appearance on the show in season three , when Elena and all her classmates are at prank night and Klaus compels Stefan to kill both Dana and a student named Chad . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_102490-103327 | Connor Jordan , portrayed by Todd Williams in season four , is a vampire hunter and one of `` The Five '' , a group of supernatural vampire hunters . He comes to Mystic Falls to kill all the vampires there , but is killed by Elena . He later returns as a ghost trying to cure and kill Silas , but is stopped by the ghost of Alaric . Rudy Hopkins , portrayed by Rick Worthy in season four , is Bonnie 's father and the town 's new mayor , replacing Carol Lockwood . He is killed by Silas in the season five premiere . Galen Vaughn , portrayed by Charlie Bewley in season four , is a vampire hunter and one of `` The Five '' . He attacks the group on the island to stop the waking of Silas , but gets stuck in a well and starves to death . He later returns as a ghost trying to cure and kill Silas , but is stopped by the ghost of Alaric . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_103349-104399 | Silas , portrayed by Paul Wesley in the season four finale and season five , is the first immortal being on earth . After being awakened he tries to destroy the Other Side , then take the cure so he can be with his true love , Amara . He is eventually killed by Stefan . Jesse , portrayed by Kendrick Sampson in season five , is a student at Whitmore College who likes Caroline . He gets turned into a vampire who feeds on other vampires by Professor Maxfield , but is killed by Elena when he attacks Damon . Aaron Whitmore , portrayed by Shaun Sipos in season five , is a student at Whitmore College . Professor Maxfield became his legal guardian after Damon had killed his family . He is killed by Damon , after Katherine ( in Elena 's body ) breaks up with him . Markos , portrayed by Raffi Barsoumian in season five , is the leader of the Travelers , who comes back from the dead . He wants to break the curse the witches put on the Travelers using Elena and Stefan 's blood . Damon and Elena eventually kill him and all the remaining Travelers . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_104420-105508 | Tripp Cooke , portrayed by Colin Ferguson in season six , is a vampire hunter and descendent of the Fell family . Ivy , portrayed by Emily C. Chang in season six , is first introduced as Stefan 's human girlfriend who is later turned into a vampire after a visit from Enzo and Caroline . She is killed by Tripp who drove her and other vampires across the Mystic Falls border via the Traveler 's spell . Liam Davis , portrayed by Marco James Marquez , is a medical student at Whitmore College who Elena briefly dates . Malcolm , portrayed by Kent Wagner in season six and by Justice Leak in season seven , is described as being Lily 's favorite Heretic . Oscar Addams , portrayed by Wing Liu in season six and by Tim Kang in season seven , is a Heretic . Released from the 1903 Prison World by Kai , Oscar and five other Heretics are cloaked away ( also by Kai ) . In season seven , Lily sends him on a mission to retrieve her one true love 's body . Later , it is revealed he was sent by Lily to check on Damon during his time in the war . He is described as the fun or humorous Heretic . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_105531-106123 | Elizabeth `` Lizzie '' Saltzman , portrayed by Tierney Mumford , is a siphon , the twin sister of Josie and the daughter of Alaric Saltzman and Josette Laughlin . Josette `` Josie '' Saltzman , portrayed by Lily Rose Mumford , is a siphon , the twin sister of Lizzie and the daughter of Alaric Saltzman and Josette Laughlin . Alexandria `` Alex '' St. John , portrayed by Mouzam Makkar , is a distant cousin of Enzo and the former leader of the Armory . She is looking for a Bennett witch ( particularly Bonnie ) to undo a spell that has her sister , Yvette , trapped in the Armory 's vault . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_106195-106471 | In 2013 , a spin - off television series based around the Mikaelson clan of vampires , called The Originals , was ordered to series by The CW . Many of the characters on The Originals initially appeared on The Vampire Diaries , including Klaus , Elijah and Rebekah Mikaelson . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
853989298_12039-12996 | Katherine Pierce , born Katerina Petrova ( based on Katherine von Swartzschild from the novels ) , was part of a `` Traveler '' ( or Romani ) family , and was banished to England after bearing an illegitimate child . Upon meeting Klaus and Elijah , two of the original vampires , she learns that she is a Petrova doppelgänger -- which means that she can be sacrificed to release Klaus ' werewolf side . She tricked other vampires into turning her , thereby making her useless to Klaus , then spent 500 years running and hiding to escape his wrath . She arrives in Mystic Falls , where both Stefan and Damon Salvatore fall in love with her . She escapes the burning of vampires in the town , and gives the brothers her blood so that they both turn into vampires after being shot . Damon spends 145 years trying to free Katherine from a tomb , though she is not there when he opens it . In the last episode of season one , Katherine returns to Mystic Falls . | List of The Vampire Diaries characters |
830268006_62-1555 | hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style . Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective . ( May 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia 's general notability guideline . Please help to establish notability by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond its mere trivial mention . If notability can not be established , the article is likely to be merged , redirected , or deleted . Find sources : `` Dan Scott '' -- news newspapers books scholar JSTOR ( May 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( May 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) | Dan Scott |
830268006_1556-2348 | Dan Scott Portrayed by Paul Johansson First appearance Pilot ( episode 1.01 ) Last appearance Danny Boy ( episode 9.11 ) Created by Mark Schwahn Profile Occupation Former Motivational Speaker Prison Inmate Mayor Car Salesman Auto shop owner Diner owner / cook ( show ) Family Family Royal Scott ( father ) May Scott ( mother ) Keith Scott ( brother , deceased ) Lily Roe Scott ( niece ) Haley James Scott ( daughter - in - law ) Peyton Sawyer Scott ( daughter - in - law ) Spouse Deborah `` Deb '' Lee ( ex-wife ) Rachel Gatina ( ex-wife ) Children Lucas Scott ( son , with Karen ; estranged ) Nathan Scott ( son , with Deb ) Grandchildren James `` Jamie '' Lucas Scott ( grandson , via Nathan ) Sawyer Brooke Scott ( granddaughter , via Lucas ) Lydia Bob Scott ( granddaughter , via Nathan ) | Dan Scott |
830268006_2349-2819 | Daniel Robert `` Dan '' Scott is a fictional character on the WB / CW television drama series One Tree Hill who is the primary antagonist for the first four seasons before becoming a tragic fallen antihero and is played by Paul Johansson . He is the father of Lucas Scott ( by Karen Roe ) and Nathan Scott ( by Deborah Lee ) , the grandfather of James Lucas Scott and Lydia Bob Scott ( via Nathan ) and Sawyer Brooke Scott ( via Lucas ) and the uncle of Lily Roe Scott . | Dan Scott |
830268006_2820-2891 | Every good story needs a villain Lucas . I 'm sorry but I 'm yours . -- | Dan Scott |
830268006_3132-4050 | Dan grew up in Tree Hill , NC and attended Tree Hill High , where he was the star of the Ravens basketball team . Towards the end of senior year , Dan got his girlfriend Karen Roe pregnant , but abandoned her to take a basketball scholarship to North Carolina . At college he met Deb Lee , who also became pregnant by him . Dan returned to Tree Hill on the night his and Karen 's son Lucas was born but , on seeing Keith with Karen at the hospital , Dan left without Karen seeing him . Dan and Deb married and moved back to Tree Hill with their son Nathan . Dan tried to get joint custody of Lucas , but Karen refused and Dan gave up on trying to be part of Lucas 's life . He later became a successful car salesman having set up his own business with Deb 's money . Dan is a man with big dreams and expectations , especially regarding his son Nathan , but he does n't handle it very well when they 're not fulfilled . | Dan Scott |
830268006_4069-5541 | Dan is a controlling father to Nathan , who is now the Ravens ' star player , but has nothing to do with Lucas . When Lucas joins the Ravens , Dan encourages Nathan to give his half - brother a hard time . Dan puts so much pressure on Nathan that Nathan takes drugs to enhance his basketball performance , leading to him collapsing on the court . When Deb finds out , she asks Dan for a divorce . When Dan 's parents come to town for Dan 's birthday , it is revealed that Dan 's father Royal put similar pressure on Dan and that Dan faked the extent of an injury he suffered in college in order to give up basketball . Dan also has an uneasy relationship with Keith , due to Keith 's continuing friendship with Karen . When Keith crashes the car he is driving with Lucas inside , Dan pulls Lucas from the car and saves his life , leading to a temporary truce with Karen . Keith is left in financial difficulty due to Lucas 's medical bills and Dan offers to buy Keith 's garage from him while Keith continues to run it . However , it soon becomes clear that Dan will be running the garage in his own way and Keith quits . After being rejected by Karen , Keith turns to Deb for comfort and they have a one - night stand . On walking in on them in bed together , Dan tells Keith that he is no longer his brother . Dan is about to sign his divorce papers to Deb when he suffers a heart attack . When Deb finds Dan on the floor , Dan tells her `` you 'd better hope I die . '' | Dan Scott |
830268006_5560-8274 | After his heart attack , Dan claims to be a changed person and tries to get closer to Lucas . Dan and Deb are united in their disapproval of Nathan 's marriage to Haley . Dan claims to have forgiven Deb and Keith for their fling and a guilty Deb allows Dan to live with her while he recovers . It becomes clear that the new Dan is an act when he lies to Deb after being given a clean bill of health and it is revealed that Keith 's new girlfriend Jules was actually hired by Dan to seduce his brother . On discovering that he has the same heart condition as Dan , Lucas agrees to move in with Dan on the conditions that Dan pays for Lucas 's medication and keeps this from Karen , and also that Dan leaves Keith and `` Jules '' alone . Dan keeps his promises but Karen discovers the truth about Jules and threatens to tell Keith , leading to Jules leaving Keith at the altar . Dan is delighted at this result and , after knocking down the groom on the wedding cake , looks at Deb saying `` one down , one to go '' . On discovering what Dan did , Keith confronts Dan at the dealership and attacks him . Before leaving town , Keith tells Dan that he has nothing left to lose , but Dan does . When Nathan and Haley 's marriage is in trouble , Dan is quick to pounce , and gets Nathan to sign annulment papers and move back in with him and Deb . However , Deb wants Dan out of their lives for good , especially after learning that Dan told Nathan that it is his fault that Deb is now addicted to pills . Lucas continues to live with Dan in order to bring down his father once and for all . He finds cash and an incriminating ledger in the attic of the dealership and discovers that Dan has been making money illegally by changing the amounts on bills and pocketing the extra cash . However , Dan has made Deb the co-owner of the dealership , meaning that she would be incriminated too . Dan then reveals he left the cash and ledger for Lucas to find as a test of Lucas 's loyalty , which Lucas failed , and so Dan severs all ties to Lucas , even cutting off his son 's heart medication . Dan also sabotages Karen 's relationship with her business lecturer Andy by walking into one of Andy 's classes and telling everyone that Andy is sleeping with Karen , which leads to Andy losing his job . Dan then tries to have Andy deported back to New Zealand . When Karen angrily confronts Dan at the dealership , Dan grabs her and forcefully kisses her , saying `` is n't that was this is really about ? '' At the end of the season Dan falls unconscious after drinking a poisoned bottle of whisky that was left for him with a note saying `` for everything you 've done '' . The dealership is then set on fire with Dan inside . | Dan Scott |
830268006_8293-10390 | Dan survives the fire , but the dealership is destroyed . Dan at first thinks it was Lucas who tried to kill him when he remembers seeing him in the fire , but it is revealed that Lucas saved him . Wanting access to the fire investigation , Dan runs for mayor of Tree Hill . His family - based campaign includes having Deb pretend to love him in exchange for a final divorce . This ploy works and Dan is elected mayor . As mayor , Dan gains access to CCTV showing Keith buying the whisky used to drug Dan , and when Keith returns to town Dan has him arrested on suspicion of his attempted murder . Although the police release Keith due to lack of evidence , Dan still believes that Keith was the perpetrator , and things become worse when Keith announces that he is going to marry Karen and adopt Lucas . One day at Tree Hill High , Jimmy Edwards takes a gun to school and fires it , causing a lock down . Keith persuades Dan as mayor to let him go into the school to talk to Jimmy , but Jimmy commits suicide by shooting himself in front of Keith . Dan then gets into the school , picks up the gun and shoots Keith , killing him . Jimmy gets the blame for Keith 's death as it is assumed that he shot Keith before turning the gun on himself . Dan convinces himself that Keith deserved what he got as he started the war with Dan . Nevertheless , Dan becomes haunted , seeing visions of Keith as a child everywhere , and this has a profound effect on him . Realizing he has to change his ways he tries to get closer to Nathan , telling his son that he is proud of him and that he loves him . Haley then gives Dan a second chance by inviting him to her and Nathan 's second wedding . At the ceremony Deb tells Dan that it was her , not Keith , who tried to kill him in the fire . Dan goes to Keith 's grave and breaks down . Dan then apologizes to Karen for how he treated her and Lucas and she reveals that she is pregnant with Keith 's child . Dan takes her in his arms promising to be there for her this time . He then goes home and discovers that someone has written `` MURDERER '' on his wall . | Dan Scott |
830268006_10409-12873 | Dan tries to make amends for Keith 's death by looking after Karen . However , he still sees messages everywhere calling him a murderer , and wonders if it is all in his head . Meanwhile , Nathan is in deep debt and asks Dan to help him . Dan refuses and Nathan goes to a loan shark , Daunte , instead . Daunte forces Nathan to shave points in a basketball game and then demands that Nathan lose the State Championship . On discovering the trouble that Nathan is in , Dan confronts Daunte and offers to pay him off , but Daunte gets Dan to back down by threatening Nathan , Lucas , the pregnant Haley and Karen . When the Ravens win the State Championship , Daunte runs Haley over and crashes into a construction site . Nathan pulls Daunte out of the car and beats him , before realizing he is dead . Dan takes the fall for Nathan and is arrested . Dan plans to plead guilty to Daunte 's murder in order to be punished for Keith 's death , but the coroner 's report shows that Daunte was already dead when Nathan pulled him out of the car . Dan is released and the experience brings him and Karen closer together , as Karen admires what Dan was willing to do for his son . Dan and Karen begin to come together romantically , attending the school prom together as chaperones , but Dan continues to receive text messages and notes accusing him of killing his brother . Dan discovers that the person sending the messages is Abby Brown , a student who witnessed the shooting . Dan then visits Abby and her mother and tries to explain why he killed Keith , saying `` Karen was mine , she was supposed to be mine '' . Abby leaves Tree Hill for good , but not before telling Lucas what she knows . Lucas walks in on Dan and his mother kissing and attacks Dan , shouting that he killed Keith , but Karen refuses to believe him . Lucas then goes to the police , but Dan has got there first and told them that Lucas is just trying to sabotage Dan 's relationship with Karen . On learning from Haley that Deb has a gun , Lucas steals the gun and confronts Dan in front of Karen , causing her to collapse . Lucas fires a warning shot to make Dan leave , before rushing the unconscious Karen to hospital . After learning from Deb that Dan killed Keith , Nathan confronts Dan and tells him that he will never be a part of his grandson 's life . After Karen 's daughter is born by c - section , Dan visits his new niece in the hospital , before turning himself in to the police . | Dan Scott |
830268006_12874-13263 | Two weeks later , a recovered Karen visits Dan in his cell and tells him that she has a daughter , Lily , who will never know her father because of Dan , before spitting at him . Dan is so distraught by this encounter that he tries to hang himself in his cell with his bedsheet . The sheet unravels after a few seconds , and Dan falls to the floor , left to agonize over what he has done . | Dan Scott |
830268006_13282-14747 | Four and a half years later , Nathan visits Dan in prison , and tells him that he will never be like him . Nathan then tells Dan that Jamie found a picture of him once and Nathan told him that his grandfather was dead . Later , a prison guard tells Dan that Nathan left behind an envelope , which contains a picture of Jamie . A parole hearing is held for Dan and despite Lucas pleading with the board not to be fooled by Dan , he is released . Soon after , Dan goes to a store to buy a basketball for his grandson and ends up sleeping with the cashier later that night . At Lucas 's wedding , Dan sits outside in his car and is confronted by Haley , who tells him to stay away from the family . When Jamie is abducted during the ceremony by his evil nanny , Carrie , Dan saves him and threatens Carrie , telling her that he killed his brother and would have no problem doing the same to her . Dan then returns Jamie to Nathan and Haley 's house and is attacked by Lucas and Nathan . On Jamie 's 5th birthday Dan goes to drop off a gift and has a confrontation with Deb . After the party Nathan goes and tells Dan to stay away and Dan reveals he only has six months to live due to his HCM . After the man in front of him on the heart transplant list dies he becomes number one. Excited he leaves the hospital and helps an old man retrieve his cane before getting hit by a car . Ironically , seconds later his beeper goes off because a heart has been found for him . | Dan Scott |
830268006_14766-17658 | When he wakes up from the accident , it is revealed that Carrie , Jamie 's former nanny , was the one who ran him over , as revenge for interfering with her taking Jamie as her son . He finds himself in a `` hospital room '' but when he tries to escape ( Carrie is torturing him ) he discovers that he is not in a hospital room , but in her house , in a room which Carrie designed to confuse him by disguising it as a hospital room by putting medical equipment and painting the room , as well as adding hospital - style curtains . Carrie devises a plan to get Jamie by telling Haley that Dan is dying , so that she 'll bring Jamie to see him . Carrie goes after Jamie , then Haley too . Dan shoots Carrie once she attempts to kill Haley and Deb . Carrie wakes up later that night , and reminds Dan that he promised he 'd kill her if she came near his family again , prompting him to keep his word and shoot her again , this time killing her . As a result , Nathan and Haley let Dan see Jamie , but Nathan quickly reminds his father that he still hates him for killing his uncle . Unfortunately , Dan still finds himself without a heart transplant and has to wait longer . In the mean time , he tries to be a father to Nathan by advising him on his basketball and has a talk with Lucas about the day of the school shooting to help with the Ravens movie . His relationship with Jamie also grows and he finally has a blowout with Deb about Keith . When his heart transplant does come , the man who delivers it trips over a dog 's leash and the dog eats it . Dan ultimately loses all hope and attempts to drown himself at a beach . He then goes to tells Jamie goodbye . Jamie becomes upset and asks him who killed Keith ; and Dan admits that he did it . Dan leaves Tree Hill , but not before saying some last words to Lucas and Nathan . At the end of the season we see Dan as a broken man . He hates his life and wants to die . To make amends he goes to visit Coach Durham to whom he confesses that when he looks back on his life it all went wrong when he refused to play at the state championship . He tells Coach Durham that he should be dead but he is n't and that he realizes `` this is my hell '' . He has to see his family experience the happiest moments of their lives but he ca n't feel them . To this Coach Durham replies `` you created that , Danny '' . Dan then turns a gun on himself but ca n't bring himself to pull the trigger . He then forces the gun into Coach Durhams hand and begs him to shoot him later , after Dan cries in his arms , adds `` there is still time for redemption , son '' . Nathan shows up and tells Dan that he has made it to the NBA . Later Peyton lets Dan hold his other grandchild Sawyer Scott . At the end of the episode he tells the audience that when he looks in the mirror he sees that he was supposed to be someone else , but fell short of that person . | Dan Scott |
830268006_17677-19418 | Fourteen months have past since the season six finale , and Dan is now a motivational speaker . He has his own TV show called Scott Free Redemption . He has also written a book with the same title . It is then revealed that he is married to Rachel Gatina . Dan reached out to his son Nathan when he read about him and Renee Richardson who he meets and ask her to speak about it on his show . Dan reveals that Renee Richardson was lying about Nathan Scott alleged affair and exposes her truth on his show . It is also revealed that Dan did in fact have a heart transplant as he quotes Renee Richardson con as `` Takes a Con to Know a Con . '' About a year earlier Dan traveled to Mexico to have a heart transplant . His new wife Rachel Gatina , paid with his money for a family to pull the life support plug on their young son . The heart was then given to Dan . Dan returns to Tree Hill and tries to ask forgiveness from Nathan . Nathan will not forgive Dan , but only `` tolerate '' him for Jamie 's sake . Dan then meets Clay who he shakes up ( throws him in the ocean ) and basically tells him not to give up on being an agent . On the eve of Nathan and Haley 's departure , Rachel gets Dan to do a live broadcast from the school hallway where he killed Keith . Dan then runs into Jimmy 's mom who tells him she will never be able to forgive him . So instead of reading his script , Dan talks about his life and tells his audience that there is no forgiveness for him , only what comes next . He gives everything that he has to charity as well as divorce papers to Rachel . As he is preparing to leave Tree Hill , Nathan meets up with him to tell him that he 's back with the Bobcats , and says thank you . He then says goodbye to Jamie . | Dan Scott |
830268006_19437-19735 | Dan has moved to a diner , and reappears again when Quinn visits him to help her to kill Katie Ryan , and he convinces her not to do it . In the finale , Nathan visits him and gives him a photo of Lydia and a baseball from Jamie 's first game and Dan thinks that there is a chance for forgiveness . | Dan Scott |
830268006_19754-20757 | Dan burns down his diner and returns to Tree Hill and asks Haley for a place to stay , initially resistant , she offers him money , but he says that he does n't want money . He moves into Nathan and Haley 's house to the delight of Jamie who is excited to spend time with him . Nathan tells him that he is going to Europe and that when he comes back he wants him to be gone . When Nathan does not return from Europe , Haley and Jamie blame Dan . He rents out the sound stage from Julian and uses it to find Nathan . Dan , Julian and Chris Keller save Nathan . However , Dan is shot while rescuing Nathan and dies in the hospital surrounded by Nathan , Haley , Deb , Jamie and Lydia . When he dies , he sees a vision of his brother Keith , who brings him to the hallway where Dan shot Keith and he tells him that he forgives him . When Keith goes into the light , Dan asks him `` I know where you 're going , but what about me ? '' and Keith says `` Do n't worry little brother , You 're my plus one . '' | Dan Scott |
837263443_100-426 | Project Runway ( season 16 ) Country of origin United States Release Original network Lifetime Original release August 17 ( 2017 - 08 - 17 ) -- November 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 30 ) Additional information No. of contestants 16 No. of tasks 14 Winner Kentaro Kameyama Season chronology ← Previous Season 15 Next → Season 17 | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_427-868 | Project Runway Season 16 is the sixteenth season of the television show Project Runway , appearing on Lifetime . The season began on Thursday , August 17 , 2017 . There are 16 designers competing to become `` the next great American designer . '' Supermodel Heidi Klum , Marie Claire creative director Nina Garcia , and fashion designer Zac Posen are all returning as judges this season . Tim Gunn maintains his role as the workroom mentor . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_869-1013 | Season 16 will be the first time the show will emphasize diversity and inclusivity in the size of its models who will range from sizes 0 to 22 . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_1014-1130 | In May 2016 , Lifetime renewed Project Runway through its eighteenth season , in a deal with The Weinstein Company . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_1918-2591 | Name Age Hometown Placement ChaCha 24 Taipei , Taiwan 16th Sentell McDonald 33 New York City , NY 15th Kudzanai Karidza 32 Atlanta , GA 14th Deyonté Weather 36 Lynnwood , WA 13th Aaron Myers 23 Brooklyn , NY 12th Samantha Rei 36 Minneapolis , MN 11th Shawn Buitendorp 27 Grand Ledge , Michigan 10th Claire Buitendorp 27 Grand Ledge , Michigan 9th ( DQ ) Batani - Khalfani 32 Inglewood , CA 8th Amy Bond 46 Los Angeles , CA 7th Michael Brambila 25 Oakland , CA 6th Kenya Freeman 37 Atlanta , GA 5th Margarita Alvarez 30 San Juan , Puerto Rico 4th Brandon Kee 24 San Francisco , CA 3rd Ayana Ife 27 Salt Lake City , UT Runner - up Kentaro Kameyama 38 Los Angeles , CA Winner | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_2608-2834 | Sanita Anderson Meisha Brooks Jazzmine Carthon Liris Crosse Samantha Gomez Colleen KM Katie Kope Marsha Larose Sian Osborne Christina Palavra Monique Robinson Yordanos Teshager Janine Tondu Lena Vostrikova Kylie Frink Liz Anne | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_2862-3914 | Designer Elimination Table Designers 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Eliminated Episode Kentaro IN IN LOW HIGH IN WIN HIGH HIGH IN LOW LOW ADV ADV WINNER 14 - Finale Part 2 Ayana IN WIN IN IN IN IN IN IN HIGH WIN HIGH ADV ADV RUNNER - UP Brandon HIGH HIGH WIN IN WIN IN HIGH IN HIGH HIGH WIN ADV ADV 3RD PLACE Margarita IN IN HIGH IN IN LOW WIN LOW HIGH HIGH SAFE ADV ADV 4TH PLACE Kenya HIGH HIGH IN LOW HIGH HIGH LOW HIGH IN HIGH HIGH ADV OUT 13 - Finale , Part 1 Michael IN IN IN WIN HIGH IN IN LOW WIN OUT 10 - Driving Miss Unconventional Amy IN LOW IN IN IN IN LOW IN OUT 9 - A `` Little '' Avant Garde Batani LOW HIGH HIGH IN IN IN HIGH LOW OUT Claire IN LOW IN IN LOW LOW LOW DQ 8 - Client on the Go Shawn LOW LOW IN HIGH IN HIGH OUT 7 - The Ultimate Faceoff Samantha IN LOW IN IN LOW OUT 6 - Models Off Duty Aaron IN HIGH IN LOW OUT 5 - Descending into Good and Evil Deyonté WIN IN LOW OUT 4 - We 're Sleeping Wear ? Kudzanai IN IN OUT 3 - A Leap of Innovation ! Sentell IN OUT 2 - An Unconventional Recycling ChaCha OUT 1 - One Size Does Not Fit All | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_3915-4508 | ^ 1 : In episode 2 , Samantha 's outfit received positive critiques despite being on the losing team ^ 2 : Claire and Shawn were the losing team , but the judges were unable to decide who to eliminate , so they were tasked with creating a look in one hour to decide who is eliminated . Shawn forfeited the challenge to Claire and was eliminated . ^ 3 : Claire won the challenge but was caught breaking the rules and was disqualified . The losing designer , Batani , was spared elimination . ^ 4 : In episode 12 , no winner was announced . The designers were told who advanced to fashion week . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_4509-5104 | The designer won Project Runway Season 16 . The designer advanced to Fashion Week . The designer won the challenge . The designer came in second but did not win the challenge . The designer had one of the highest scores for that challenge , but did not win . The designer had one of the lowest scores for that challenge , but was not eliminated . The designer was in the bottom two , but was not eliminated . The designer lost and was eliminated from the competition . The designer lost , but was brought back to the competition by Tim Gunn . The designer was disqualified from the competition . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_5132-5756 | Model Progress Table Model 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Sanita MB SM AM AB BT KF CB - BK KF MA AI KT KT Meisha AB AI BT BK KT KT MA - MB AI BK KT AI AI ( 2ND ) Liris BK CB DW KT MB MB SB - AI KT KF MA BK BK ( 3RD ) Jazzmine BT BK CB DW MA SR MB - AB BK KT KF MA MA ( 4TH ) Christina SB AM AB AI BK MA BK - KF MB AI BK KF Janine KF MA MB SB AI SB KT - KT MA OUT Sian AM AB AI BT CB CB KF - MA OUT Monique DW KF KD MB AM BT AI - BT OUT Colleen CB KT KF MA SB BK AB - OUT Lena KT KD MA SR AB AI BT - OUT Marsha AI BT BK CB KF AB OUT Yordanos CC DW KT KF SR OUT Samantha MA SR SB AM OUT Liz KD MB SR OUT Kylie SM SB OUT Katie SR OUT | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_5757-5827 | ^ 1 : In episode 8 , the designers had other clients as their models . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_5828-6322 | The model was paired with the winning designer of Project Runway Season 16 . The model wore the design that advanced the designer to fashion week . The model wore the winning design . The model wore the design with the second - highest score . The model wore the design with one of the highest scores but did not win . The model wore the design with one of the lowest scores . The model wore the design that landed in the bottom 2 . The model wore the losing design . The model was eliminated . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_6339-6651 | Aaron Myers : AM Amy Bond : AB Ayana Ife : AI Batani - Khalfani : BT Brandon Kee : BK ChaCha : CC Claire Buitendorp : CB Deyonté Weather : DW Kentaro Kameyama : KT Kenya Freeman : KF Kudzanai Karidza : KD Margarita Alvarez : MA Michael Brambila : MB Samantha Rei : SR Sentell McDonald : SM Shawn Buitendorp : SB | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_6839-7064 | The designers enter Season 16 in style as they must create a red carpet look that demonstrates their fashion point of view . But the real surprise comes when the designers learn they will be working with models of all sizes ! | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_7065-7197 | Challenge : Create a red carpet look with your own signature style . Guest Judge : Olivia Munn WINNER : Deyonté ELIMINATED : ChaCha | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_7283-7522 | In their first team challenge , the designers struggle to make their voices heard . However , this is an unconventional materials challenge and many of them stumble when forced to create a fashion forward look out of recyclable materials . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_7523-7721 | Team Name Team Members Ballin ' on a Budget Batani , Aaron , Kenya , Brandon , Ayana Wabi - Sabi Margarita , Kentaro , Deyonté , Kudzanai , Michael Tsunami Sentell , Samantha , Amy , Shawn , Claire | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_7722-7874 | Challenge : Create a high fashion mini collection from recycled materials . Guest Judge : Maggie Q & Anne Fulenwider WINNER : Ayana ELIMINATED : Sentell | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_7955-8152 | The designers are treated to a private screening of the film Leap ! as well as a performance by Hiplet and must draw inspiration for an innovative and edgy design in order to survive another week . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_8153-8292 | Challenge : Create a look inspired by dance , movement and innovation . Guest Judge : Maddie Ziegler WINNER : Brandon ELIMINATED : Kudzanai | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_8375-8619 | It 's the Heidi Klum Sleepwear Challenge and the designers are feeling on top of the world , literally . If a slumber party on the roof of the Empire State Building does n't bring them the inspiration they need to impress Heidi , nothing will ! | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_8620-8747 | Challenge : Create a sleepwear look for Heidi Klum Intimates . Guest Judge : Demi Lovato WINNER : Michael ELIMINATED : Deyonté | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_8838-9087 | Drawing inspiration from the hit film Descendants 2 , the designers visit Lyndhurst Castle and are tasked with creating a look that represents `` Good '' or `` Evil . '' Most of the results are angelic , but as always , the devil is in the details . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_9088-9233 | Inspiration Assigned Designers Good Amy , Brandon , Kentaro , Aaron , Ayana , Claire Evil Michael , Kenya , Samantha , Shawn , Margarita , Batani | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_9234-9384 | Challenge : Create an evening wear look inspired by good or evil . Guest Judge : Dove Cameron & China Anne McClain WINNER : Brandon ELIMINATED : Aaron | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_9461-9717 | The models become much more than runway eye candy as they serve for inspiration to the designers to create a street style look , to be featured in a photo shoot . But ceding creative control to the models proves to be a difficult chore for some designers . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_9718-9873 | Challenge : Create a streetwear look for models on their day off . Guest Judge : Georgina Chapman & Kelsea Ballerini WINNER : Kentaro ELIMINATED : Samantha | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_9955-10205 | It 's the JC Penney Challenge and the designers must use men 's fabrics and designs to create a fashion forward look for their female models . Not only that , they must work in teams to do it , leading to a runway elimination that no one saw coming ! | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_10206-10291 | Teams Kentaro & Brandon Amy & Kenya Claire & Shawn Margarita & Batani Michael & Ayana | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_10292-10630 | Challenge : Create a stylish fall outfit inspired by menswear . Guest Judge : Asia Kate Dillon WINNER : Margarita ELIMINATED : Shawn In a twist , after Claire and Shawn are declared the losing team , they are given one hour to create all - new looks , in competition against each other . Shawn forfeited the challenge and was eliminated . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_10705-10941 | The designers are tasked with creating an on - the - go look for friends and family of the Project Runway crew , but the good spirited challenge takes an ugly turn when accusations of cheating cloud the results of a contentious runway . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_10942-11297 | Challenge : Create a print and head - to - toe look . Guest Judge : Sophia Stallone & Yolanda Hadid DISQUALIFIED : Claire Claire was disqualified for breaking the rules and her win was rescinded . Although Brandon 's print was announced to be put into print for Dixie , there was no replacement winner for the challenge and Batani was spared elimination . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_11383-11638 | The dramatic fallout from the cheating scandal rocks the designers and leaves everyone wondering how they 'll move forward in the competition . But the show must go on and the designers rally to create an Avant Garde look inspired by Shopkins characters . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_11639-11777 | Challenge : Create an avant garde look inspired by Shopkins Shoppies . Guest Judge : Kate Upton WINNER : Michael ELIMINATED : Batani & Amy | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_11865-12067 | It 's the Lexus Challenge , but this one is Unconventional and nobody is safe ! The designers must use safety materials to create a look that wows the judges as Fashion Week is right around the corner . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_12068-12197 | Challenge : Create a runway look using unconventional materials . Guest Judge : Carly Chaikin WINNER : Ayana ELIMINATED : Michael | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_12273-12402 | It 's an emotional Runway as the designers create looks inspired by `` Warrior Women '' -- women who have battled breast cancer . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_12403-12533 | Challenge : Create an editorial look inspired by Warrior Women . Guest Judge : Rachel Brosnahan WINNER : Brandon SAVED : Margarita | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_12634-12828 | The runway is converted into a Winter Wonderland as the designers are tasked with creating a winter - themed look that will decide who goes to NY Fashion Week and who gets left out in the cold . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_12829-12996 | Challenge : Create a high fashion winter look . Guest Judge : Katie Holmes ADVANCED TO FASHION WEEK : Kentaro , Brandon , Ayana , Margarita , & Kenya ELIMINATED : None | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_13070-13426 | After heading home to work on their Fashion Week collections , the five finalists are visited by Tim who is not impressed with everything they have created so far . The designers return to New York and present the judges with 2 pieces from their collection . With only four designer remaining for the second part of the finale , everything is on the line . | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_13427-13570 | Challenge : Present two pieces from your final collection . ADVANCED TO FASHION WEEK : Brandon , Ayana , Margarita , Kentaro ELIMINATED : Kenya | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_13645-13920 | Fashion week is finally here and the designers rush to put the final touches on their collections . Four designers will have their dream of showing at New York Fashion Week , but only one designer will reach the ultimate goal of being crowned the next Project Runway Winner ! | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_13921-14124 | Challenge : Present a 10 - piece final collection at New York Fashion Week . Guest Judge : Jessica Alba WINNER : Kentaro ELIMINATED : Ayana ( 2nd Place ) , Brandon ( 3rd Place ) , Margarita ( 4th Place ) | Project Runway (season 16) |
837263443_14211-14475 | The season 16 designers reunite with mentor Tim Gunn to discuss their Project Runway experience . They come ready to reminisce , share emotions , and get to the bottom of the cheating scandal that rocked the season . And some of our favorite models also swing by ! | Project Runway (season 16) |
816142087_98-1232 | Part of a series on Politics Primary topics ( show ) Index of politics articles Politics by country Politics by subdivision Political economy Political history Political history of the world Political philosophy Political systems ( show ) Anarchy City - state Democracy Federacy Feudalism Dictatorship Directory Meritocracy Monarchy Parliamentary Presidential Republic Semi-parliamentary Semi-presidential Theocracy Academic disciplines ( show ) Political science ( political scientists ) International relations ( theory ) Comparative politics Public administration ( show ) Bureaucracy ( street - level ) Adhocracy Policy ( show ) Public policy ( doctrine ) Domestic and foreign policy Civil society Public interest Organs of government ( show ) Separation of powers Legislature Executive Judiciary Election commission Related topics ( show ) Sovereignty Theories of political behavior Political psychology Biology and political orientation Political organisations Foreign electoral intervention Subseries ( show ) Electoral systems Elections ( voting ) Federalism Form of government Ideology Political campaigning Political parties | Civil–military relations |
816142087_1233-1844 | Civil -- military relations ( Civ - Mil or CMR ) describes the relationship between civil society as a whole and the military organization or organizations established to protect it . More narrowly , it describes the relationship between the civil authority of a given society and its military authority . Studies of civil - military relations often rest on a normative assumption that civilian control of the military is preferable to military control of the state . The principal problem they examine , however , is empirical : to explain how civilian control over the military is established and maintained . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_1845-2923 | While generally not considered a separate academic area of study in and of itself , it involves scholars and practitioners from many fields and specialties . Apart from political science and sociology , Civ - Mil ( CMR ) draws upon such diverse fields as law , philosophy , area studies , psychology , cultural studies , anthropology , economics , history , diplomatic history , journalism , and the military , among others . It involves study and discussion of a diverse range of issues including but not limited to : civilian control of the military , military professionalism , war , civil - military operations , military institutions , and other related subjects . International in scope , civil - military relations involves discussion and research from across the world . The theoretical discussion can include non-state actors as well as more traditional nation - states . Other research involves discerning the details of military political attitudes , voting behavior , and the potential impact on and interaction with democratic society as well as military families . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_3981-4187 | The history of civil - military server relations can be traced to the writings of Sun Tzu and Carl von Clausewitz , both of whom argued that military organizations were primarily the servants of the state . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_4188-4402 | Concerns about a growing militarism in society , largely coming from the experiences of the first half of the twentieth century , engendered an examination into the impact of military organizations within society . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_4403-5485 | The ramifications of the Cold War , specifically the American decision to maintain a large standing army for the first time in its history , led to concerns about whether such a large military structure could be effectively maintained by a liberal democracy . Samuel P. Huntington and Morris Janowitz published the seminal books on the subject which effectively brought civil - military relations into academia , particularly in political science and sociology . Despite the peculiarly American impetus for Huntington 's and Janowitz 's writing , their theoretical arguments are often used in the study of other national civil - military studies . However , in his book The Man on Horseback , Samuel E. Finer countered some of Huntington 's arguments and assumptions , and offered a look into the civil - military relationships in the under - developed world . Finer observed that many governments do not have the administrative skills to efficiently govern which may open opportunities for military intervention -- opportunities that are not as likely in more developed countries . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_5486-6225 | The increased incidence of military coups d'état since World War II , particularly in the 1960s and 1970s , brought about a growing interest in academic and journalistic circles in studying the nature of such coups . Political upheaval in Africa led to military take - overs in Dahomey , Togo , Congo , and Uganda , to mention just a few . Political unrest in South America , which involved military coups in Bolivia ( 189 military coups in its first 169 years of existence ) , Chile , Argentina , Brazil , Paraguay , Peru , and Uruguay , was largely a result of forces attempting to stem the increasing influence of left - wing and communist led uprisings . The 2006 military coup in Thailand engendered continued interest in this area . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_6226-6584 | The end of the Cold War led to new debate about to the proper role of the military in society , both in the United States and in the former Soviet Union . However , as before , much of the discussion revolved around whether the power of the state was in decline and whether an appropriate level of civilian control was being brought to bear on the military . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_6637-7016 | Researchers from the Overseas Development Institute wrote that ' the belief that development and reconstruction activities are central to security ' ... ' is a central component of western involvement ' and that this has been ' highly contentious among aid agencies , perhaps nowhere more so than Afghanistan . ' Their April 2013 paper includes the following three key messages - | Civil–military relations |
816142087_7017-7843 | Stabilisation approaches are likely to continue to present challenges to the aid community 's ability to act according to humanitarian principles in conflict - affected , fragile and postconflict environments . Experiences in Afghanistan highlight significant tension , if not conflict , between stabilisation and internationally recognised guidelines and principles governing civil -- military interaction . Civil -- military dialogue was markedly more effective when it was rooted in International Humanitarian Law ( IHL ) and strategic argumentation , as with advocacy focused on reducing harm to civilians . Aid agencies need to invest more in capacity and training for engaging in civil -- military dialogue and , together with donors , seek to generate more objective evidence on the impact of stabilisation approaches . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_7944-8588 | The principal professional organization for civil - military scholars is the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society ( IUS ) . The IUS sponsors Armed Forces & Society : An Interdisciplinary Journal which publishes articles on military institutions , civil - military relations , arms control and peacemaking , and conflict management . The journal Armed Forces & Society is located at Texas State University and is currently edited by Patricia M. Shields . The Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society and the journal are international in scope with a focus on historical , comparative , and interdisciplinary writing . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_8589-8707 | The topics of research in Civil - Military Relations are varied as evidenced by recent scholarship in such topics as : | Civil–military relations |
816142087_8708-8986 | The European Way of War Concentration of Military Power Conversion of a Military Economy in Russia . Comparative Civil - Military Relations in the U.S. and Russia Civil - Military Relations in Nigeria Turkish Military Popularity Harassment in the British Military Group Cohesion | Civil–military relations |
816142087_9056-9873 | In 1945 , the United States began a demobilization of the massive military force that had been built up during World War II . Strong public and bipartisan pressure succeeded in forcing the government to bring American soldiers home and to reduce the size of the armed forces quickly . Strikes and even some rioting by military personnel at overseas bases in January 1946 pressured President Harry S. Truman to continue the process despite growing concern about the Soviet Union and an increasing recognition that the United States was not going to be able to retreat into the isolationism of the pre-war years . Attempts in the United States Congress to continue conscription to provide a trained reserve as a replacement for a large standing military force failed and , in 1947 , the World War II draft law expired . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_9874-10687 | By the summer of 1950 , the armed forces of the United States had fewer than 1.5 million personnel on active duty , down from a high of 12 million in 1945 . By the next year , however , in response to North Korea 's invasion of South Korea , the size of the U.S. military was again on the rise , doubling to more than 3.2 million personnel . Reaching a high of 3.6 million in 1953 , the total number of personnel on active duty in the U.S. military never again dropped below two million during the 40 - plus years of the Cold War . After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union , the size of the active - duty force had , by 1999 , dropped to just under 1.4 million personnel . As of February 28 , 2009 , a total of 1,398,378 men and women remain on active duty in the U.S. armed forces . | Civil–military relations |
816142087_10688-11554 | The size of the U.S. military in the latter half of the twentieth century , unprecedented in peacetime , caused concern in some circles , primarily as to the potential effect of maintaining such a large force in a democratic society . Some predicted disaster and were concerned with the growing militarization of American society . These writers were quite sure that a distinctly military culture was inherently dangerous to a non-militaristic liberal society . Others warned that the ascendancy of the military establishment would fundamentally change American foreign policy and would weaken the intellectual fabric of the country . However , most of the arguments were less apocalyptic and settled along two tracks . The two tracks are highlighted , respectively , by Samuel P. Huntington 's Soldier and the State and Morris Janowitz 's The Professional Soldier . | Civil–military relations |
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