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[ { "title": "Trail of Tears", "text": "The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals , sometimes at gunpoint , of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to other areas , one which was an area West of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory . The forced relocations were carried out by government authorities following the passage of the Indian Removal Act in 1830 . Many of the relocated native people suffered from exposure , disease , and starvation while en route to their new designated reserve , and many died before reaching their various designated reserve ( s ) . The removal included members of the Cherokee , Muscogee ( Creek ) , Seminole , Chickasaw , Choctaw , and Ponca nations . The phrase `` Trail of Tears '' originates from a description of the many native american tribes removal ; including the infamous Cherokee Nation in 1838 . ", "sentences": [ "The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals , sometimes at gunpoint , of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to other areas , one which was an area West of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory .", "The forced relocations were carried out by government authorities following the passage of the Indian Removal Act in 1830 .", "Many of the relocated native people suffered from exposure , disease , and starvation while en route to their new designated reserve , and many died before reaching their various designated reserve ( s ) .", "The removal included members of the Cherokee , Muscogee ( Creek ) , Seminole , Chickasaw , Choctaw , and Ponca nations .", "The phrase `` Trail of Tears '' originates from a description of the many native american tribes removal ; including the infamous Cherokee Nation in 1838 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The phrase ``Trail of Tears'' originates from a description of the many Native American tribes removal, sometimes at gunpoint, of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to other areas.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals , sometimes at gunpoint , of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to other areas , one which was an area West of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory .", "The phrase `` Trail of Tears '' originates from a description of the many native american tribes removal ; including the infamous Cherokee Nation in 1838 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Geography of Florida", "text": "Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida . Spanning two time zones , it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico . It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama , and on the west , at the end of the panhandle , by Alabama . It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries , particularly Cuba . Florida has 131 public airports , and more than 700 private airports , airstrips , heliports , and seaplane bases . Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River , and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area . Crandon ", "sentences": [ "Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida .", "Spanning two time zones , it extends to the northwest into a panhandle along the northern Gulf of Mexico .", "It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama , and on the west , at the end of the panhandle , by Alabama .", "It is near The Bahamas and several Caribbean countries , particularly Cuba .", "Florida has 131 public airports , and more than 700 private airports , airstrips , heliports , and seaplane bases .", "Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River , and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area .", "Crandon" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida. Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River", "selected_sentences": [ "Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida .", "Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River , and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Florida is situated on a peninsula between two bodies of water, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.", "selected_sentences": [ "Much of the state of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico , the Atlantic Ocean , and the Straits of Florida ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Gunfight at the O.K. Corral", "text": "The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a 30 - second shootout between lawmen and members of a loosely organized group of outlaws called the Cowboys that took place at about 3 : 00 p.m. on Wednesday , October 26 , 1881 , in Tombstone , Arizona Territory . It is generally regarded as the most famous shootout in the history of the American Wild West . The gunfight was the result of a long - simmering feud , with Cowboys Billy Claiborne , Ike and Billy Clanton , and Tom and Frank McLaury on one side and town Marshal Virgil Earp , Special Policeman Morgan Earp , Special Policeman Wyatt Earp , and temporary policeman Doc Holliday on the other side . All three Earp brothers had been the target of repeated death threats made by the Cowboys , who objected to the Earps ' interference in their illegal activities . The four law men faced five Cowboys . Billy Clanton and both McLaury brothers were killed . Ike Clanton claimed that he was unarmed and ran from the fight , along with Billy Claiborne and Wes Fuller . Virgil , Morgan , and Doc Holliday were wounded , but Wyatt Earp was unharmed . The shootout has come to represent a period of the American Old West when the frontier was virtually an open range for outlaws , largely unopposed by law enforcement officers who were spread thin over vast territories . ", "sentences": [ "The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a 30 - second shootout between lawmen and members of a loosely organized group of outlaws called the Cowboys that took place at about 3 : 00 p.m. on Wednesday , October 26 , 1881 , in Tombstone , Arizona Territory .", "It is generally regarded as the most famous shootout in the history of the American Wild West .", "The gunfight was the result of a long - simmering feud , with Cowboys Billy Claiborne , Ike and Billy Clanton , and Tom and Frank McLaury on one side and town Marshal Virgil Earp , Special Policeman Morgan Earp , Special Policeman Wyatt Earp , and temporary policeman Doc Holliday on the other side .", "All three Earp brothers had been the target of repeated death threats made by the Cowboys , who objected to the Earps ' interference in their illegal activities .", "The four law men faced five Cowboys .", "Billy Clanton and both McLaury brothers were killed .", "Ike Clanton claimed that he was unarmed and ran from the fight , along with Billy Claiborne and Wes Fuller .", "Virgil , Morgan , and Doc Holliday were wounded , but Wyatt Earp was unharmed .", "The shootout has come to represent a period of the American Old West when the frontier was virtually an open range for outlaws , largely unopposed by law enforcement officers who were spread thin over vast territories ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The gunfight was the result of a long-simmering feud, with Cowboys Billy Claiborne, Ike and Billy Clanton, and Tom and Frank McLaury on one side and town Marshal Virgil Earp, Special Policeman Morgan Earp, Special Policeman Wyatt Earp, and temporary policeman Doc Holliday on the other side. Billy Clanton and both McLaury brothers were killed while Ike Clanton claimed that he was unarmed and ran from the fight, along with Billy Claiborne and Wes Fuller. Virgil, Morgan and Doc Holliday were wounded, but Wyatt Earp was unharmed.", "selected_sentences": [ "The gunfight was the result of a long - simmering feud , with Cowboys Billy Claiborne , Ike and Billy Clanton , and Tom and Frank McLaury on one side and town Marshal Virgil Earp , Special Policeman Morgan Earp , Special Policeman Wyatt Earp , and temporary policeman Doc Holliday on the other side .", "Billy Clanton and both McLaury brothers were killed .", "Ike Clanton claimed that he was unarmed and ran from the fight , along with Billy Claiborne and Wes Fuller .", "Virgil , Morgan , and Doc Holliday were wounded , but Wyatt Earp was unharmed ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "California State Lottery", "text": "All prizes for Fantasy 5 , Daily Derby , Daily 3 , Daily 4 , and non-jackpot SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball prizes , are paid out in one payment , less 25 % or 33 % ( depending upon the winner 's tax documentation ) Federal withholding if the prize is over $5,000 . Merchandise prizes over $5,000 are subject to 33 % Federal withholding . Scratchers tickets are generally one - payment prizes ; however , some games have annuity options for payments each year , or per week . California does not tax California Lottery winnings , however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions . For SuperLotto Plus and Mega Millions jackpots , the player may choose a single cash payout for a floating percentage of the jackpot , or an annuity . The SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball payment schedule are on a graduated basis over 30 annual payments . Until 2005 , when California joined Mega Millions , the payment choice on SuperLotto Plus had to be made when the ticket was bought . Since then , there is a 60 - day window after winning , in which the choice of cash or annuity is to be made . ", "sentences": [ "All prizes for Fantasy 5 , Daily Derby , Daily 3 , Daily 4 , and non-jackpot SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball prizes , are paid out in one payment , less 25 % or 33 % ( depending upon the winner 's tax documentation )", "Federal withholding if the prize is over $5,000 .", "Merchandise prizes over $5,000 are subject to 33 % Federal withholding .", "Scratchers tickets are generally one - payment prizes ; however , some games have annuity options for payments each year , or per week .", "California does not tax California Lottery winnings , however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions .", "For SuperLotto Plus and Mega Millions jackpots , the player may choose a single cash payout for a floating percentage of the jackpot , or an annuity .", "The SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball payment schedule are on a graduated basis over 30 annual payments .", "Until 2005 , when California joined Mega Millions , the payment choice on SuperLotto Plus had to be made when the ticket was bought .", "Since then , there is a 60 - day window after winning , in which the choice of cash or annuity is to be made ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In California, California Lottery winnings are not taxed, however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions .", "selected_sentences": [ "All prizes for Fantasy 5 , Daily Derby , Daily 3 , Daily 4 , and non-jackpot SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball prizes , are paid out in one payment , less 25 % or 33 % ( depending upon the winner 's tax documentation )", "California does not tax California Lottery winnings , however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "All prizes are paid out in one payment, less 25 % or 33 % depending upon the winner's tax documentation. \r\n California does not tax California Lottery winnings, however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions.", "selected_sentences": [ "All prizes for Fantasy 5 , Daily Derby , Daily 3 , Daily 4 , and non-jackpot SuperLotto Plus , Mega Millions , and Powerball prizes , are paid out in one payment , less 25 % or 33 % ( depending upon the winner 's tax documentation )", "California does not tax California Lottery winnings , however it taxes lottery winnings from other jurisdictions ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Spectator (1711)", "text": "In Number 10 , Mr. Spectator states that The Spectator will aim `` to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality '' . The journal reached an audience of thousands of people every day , because `` the Spectators was something that every middle - class household with aspirations to looking like its members took literature seriously would want to have . '' He hopes it will be said he has `` brought philosophy out of closets and libraries , schools , and colleges , to dwell in clubs and assemblies , at tea - tables and coffee -- houses '' . Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator , because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were `` of a more elevated life and conversation . '' Steele states in The Spectator , No. 10 , `` But there are none to whom this paper will be more useful than to the female world . '' He recommends that readers of the paper consider it `` as a part of the tea - equipage '' and set aside time to read it each morning . The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion , and to equip them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner . In keeping with the values of Enlightenment philosophies of their time , the authors of The Spectator promoted family , marriage , and courtesy . ", "sentences": [ "In Number 10 , Mr. Spectator states that The Spectator will aim `` to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality '' .", "The journal reached an audience of thousands of people every day , because `` the Spectators was something that every middle - class household with aspirations to looking like its members took literature seriously would want to have . ''", "He hopes it will be said he has `` brought philosophy out of closets and libraries , schools , and colleges , to dwell in clubs and assemblies , at tea - tables and coffee -- houses '' .", "Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator , because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were `` of a more elevated life and conversation . ''", "Steele states in The Spectator , No. 10 , `` But there are none to whom this paper will be more useful than to the female world . ''", "He recommends that readers of the paper consider it `` as a part of the tea - equipage '' and set aside time to read it each morning .", "The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion , and to equip them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner .", "In keeping with the values of Enlightenment philosophies of their time , the authors of The Spectator promoted family , marriage , and courtesy ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Spectator will aim ``to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality ''. Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator, because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were ``of a more elevated life and conversation.'' The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion, and to equip them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner.", "selected_sentences": [ "In Number 10 , Mr. Spectator states that The Spectator will aim `` to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality '' .", "Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator , because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were `` of a more elevated life and conversation . ''", "The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion , and to equip them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Spectator will aim ``to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality ''. Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator, because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were ``of a more elevated life and conversation.'' The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion, and to enable them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner.", "selected_sentences": [ "In Number 10 , Mr. Spectator states that The Spectator will aim `` to enliven morality with wit , and to temper wit with morality '' .", "Women specifically were also a target audience for The Spectator , because one of the aims of the periodical was to increase the number of women who were `` of a more elevated life and conversation . ''", "The Spectator sought to provide readers with topics for well - reasoned discussion , and to equip them to carry on conversations and engage in social interactions in a polite manner ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "`` If I Were a Boy '' was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad . It is the opening ballad of the I Am ... disc of the double album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . It is the only song on either disc that Beyoncé did not co-write . Most of the lyrics were written by Jean , who was inspired by the break - up of a romantic relationship . One day Jean and Gad visited a pizzeria in Times Square in New York City . Although tempted , Jean refrained from eating pizza because she was dieting . She then thought that if she were a boy , she would have eaten without regret . After reflecting on the idea , she concluded that she would have been a better man than her past lover . Gad captured Jean 's ideas on a pocket recorder , and they went to the studio the same day . Once there , she wrote the lyrics and melody in about 15 minutes . She then recorded the song in less than half an hour , with Gad on the guitar . ", "sentences": [ "`` If I Were a Boy '' was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad .", "It is the opening ballad of the I Am ... disc of the double album I Am ...", "Sasha Fierce .", "It is the only song on either disc that Beyoncé did not co-write .", "Most of the lyrics were written by Jean , who was inspired by the break - up of a romantic relationship .", "One day Jean and Gad visited a pizzeria in Times Square in New York City .", "Although tempted , Jean refrained from eating pizza because she was dieting .", "She then thought that if she were a boy , she would have eaten without regret .", "After reflecting on the idea , she concluded that she would have been a better man than her past lover .", "Gad captured Jean 's ideas on a pocket recorder , and they went to the studio the same day .", "Once there , she wrote the lyrics and melody in about 15 minutes .", "She then recorded the song in less than half an hour , with Gad on the guitar ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It was inspired by the break - up of a romantic relationship. It is a reflection of the idea that she would have been a better man than her past lover.", "selected_sentences": [ "Most of the lyrics were written by Jean , who was inspired by the break - up of a romantic relationship .", "After reflecting on the idea , she concluded that she would have been a better man than her past lover ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Dark matter halo", "text": "The visible disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is embedded in a much larger , roughly spherical halo of dark matter . The dark matter density drops off with distance from the galactic center . It is now believed that about 95 % of the Galaxy is composed of dark matter , a type of matter that does not seem to interact with the rest of the Galaxy 's matter and energy in any way except through gravity . The luminous matter makes up approximately 9 x 10 solar masses . The dark matter halo is likely to include around 6 x 10 to 3 x 10 solar masses of dark matter . ", "sentences": [ "The visible disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is embedded in a much larger , roughly spherical halo of dark matter .", "The dark matter density drops off with distance from the galactic center .", "It is now believed that about 95 % of the Galaxy is composed of dark matter , a type of matter that does not seem to interact with the rest of the Galaxy 's matter and energy in any way except through gravity .", "The luminous matter makes up approximately 9 x 10 solar masses .", "The dark matter halo is likely to include around 6 x 10 to 3 x 10 solar masses of dark matter ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The visible disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is embedded in a much larger, roughly spherical halo of dark matter. It is now believed that about 95 % of the Galaxy is composed of dark matter, a type of matter that does not seem to interact with the rest of the Galaxy's matter and energy in any way except through gravity.", "selected_sentences": [ "The visible disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is embedded in a much larger , roughly spherical halo of dark matter .", "It is now believed that about 95 % of the Galaxy is composed of dark matter , a type of matter that does not seem to interact with the rest of the Galaxy 's matter and energy in any way except through gravity ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)", "text": "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom , offering their assistance in securing filming locations , the use of Leavesden Film Studios , as well as changing the UK 's child labour laws ( adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on - set classes more flexible ) . Warner Bros. accepted their proposal . Filming began on 29 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July . Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station . Canterbury Cathedral and Scotland 's Inverailort Castle were both touted as possible locations for Hogwarts ; Canterbury rejected Warner Bros. proposal due to concerns about the film 's `` pagan '' theme . Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School . Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes . Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library . Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire . Filming in the street took two days instead of the planned single day , so payments to the street 's residents were correspondingly increased . For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location . London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room . London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies . The ", "sentences": [ "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom , offering their assistance in securing filming locations , the use of Leavesden Film Studios , as well as changing the UK 's child labour laws ( adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on - set classes more flexible ) .", "Warner Bros. accepted their proposal .", "Filming began on 29 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios and concluded on 23 March 2001 , with final work being done in July .", "Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station .", "Canterbury Cathedral and Scotland 's Inverailort Castle were both touted as possible locations for Hogwarts ; Canterbury rejected Warner Bros. proposal due to concerns about the film 's `` pagan '' theme .", "Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School .", "Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes .", "Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library .", "Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire .", "Filming in the street took two days instead of the planned single day , so payments to the street 's residents were correspondingly increased .", "For all the subsequent film 's scenes set in Privet Drive , filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios , which proved to have been cheaper than filming on location .", "London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room .", "London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies .", "The" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom offering their assistance in securing filming locations that include the use of Leavesden Film Studios, North Yorkshire's Goathland railway station, Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral, Harrow School, Durham Cathedral, Oxford University's Divinity School, Duke Humfrey's Library, part of the Bodleian, Picket Post Close in Bracknell, Berkshire, London 's Australia House, Christ Church in Oxford, London Zoo, and King 's Cross Station.", "selected_sentences": [ "Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom , offering their assistance in securing filming locations , the use of Leavesden Film Studios , as well as changing the UK 's child labour laws ( adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on - set classes more flexible ) .", "Principal photography took place on 2 October 2000 at North Yorkshire 's Goathland railway station .", "Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts , with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School .", "Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two - week period ; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes .", "Oxford University 's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing , and Duke Humfrey 's Library , part of the Bodleian , was used as the Hogwarts Library .", "Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell , Berkshire .", "London 's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank , while Christ Church , Oxford was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room .", "London Zoo was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley , with King 's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Prairie dog", "text": "Prairie dogs are chiefly herbivorous , though they eat some insects . They feed primarily on grasses and small seeds . In the fall , they eat broadleaf forbs . In the winter , lactating and pregnant females supplement their diets with snow for extra water . They also will eat roots , seeds , fruit , and buds . Grasses of various species are eaten . Black - tailed prairie dogs in South Dakota eat western bluegrass , blue grama , buffalo grass , six weeks fescue , and tumblegrass , while Gunnison 's prairie dogs eat rabbit brush , tumbleweeds , dandelions , saltbush , and cacti in addition to buffalo grass and blue grama . White - tailed prairie dogs have been observed to kill ground squirrels , a competing herbivore . ", "sentences": [ "Prairie dogs are chiefly herbivorous , though they eat some insects .", "They feed primarily on grasses and small seeds .", "In the fall , they eat broadleaf forbs .", "In the winter , lactating and pregnant females supplement their diets with snow for extra water .", "They also will eat roots , seeds , fruit , and buds .", "Grasses of various species are eaten .", "Black - tailed prairie dogs in South Dakota eat western bluegrass , blue grama , buffalo grass , six weeks fescue , and tumblegrass , while Gunnison 's prairie dogs eat rabbit brush , tumbleweeds , dandelions , saltbush , and cacti in addition to buffalo grass and blue grama .", "White - tailed prairie dogs have been observed to kill ground squirrels , a competing herbivore ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Prairie dogs are chiefly herbivorous, though they eat some insects. They feed primarily on grasses, seeds, broadleaf forbs, roots, fruit and buds.", "selected_sentences": [ "Prairie dogs are chiefly herbivorous , though they eat some insects .", "They feed primarily on grasses and small seeds .", "In the fall , they eat broadleaf forbs .", "They also will eat roots , seeds , fruit , and buds ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Spartan army", "text": "Tradition states that the semi-mythical Spartan legislator Lycurgus first founded the iconic army . Referring to Sparta as having a `` wall of men , instead of bricks '' , he proposed to reform Spartan society to develop a military - focused lifestyle in accordance with `` proper virtues '' such as equality for the male citizens , austerity , strength , and fitness . A Spartan male 's involvement with the army began in infancy when he was inspected by the Gerousia . Any baby judged weak or deformed was left at Mount Taygetus to die , since the world of the Spartans was no place for those who could not fend for themselves . ( The practice of discarding children at birth took place in Athens as well . ) Those deemed strong entered the agoge regime at the age of seven . Under the agoge the young boys or Spartiates underwent intense and rigorous military training . Their education focused primarily on cunning , sports and war tactics , but also included poetry , music , academics , and sometimes politics . Those who passed the agoge by the age of 30 achieved full Spartan citizenship . ", "sentences": [ "Tradition states that the semi-mythical Spartan legislator Lycurgus first founded the iconic army .", "Referring to Sparta as having a `` wall of men , instead of bricks '' , he proposed to reform Spartan society to develop a military - focused lifestyle in accordance with `` proper virtues '' such as equality for the male citizens , austerity , strength , and fitness .", "A Spartan male 's involvement with the army began in infancy when he was inspected by the Gerousia .", "Any baby judged weak or deformed was left at Mount Taygetus to die , since the world of the Spartans was no place for those who could not fend for themselves .", "( The practice of discarding children at birth took place in Athens as well . )", "Those deemed strong entered the agoge regime at the age of seven .", "Under the agoge the young boys or Spartiates underwent intense and rigorous military training .", "Their education focused primarily on cunning , sports and war tactics , but also included poetry , music , academics , and sometimes politics .", "Those who passed the agoge by the age of 30 achieved full Spartan citizenship ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It was a military-focused lifestyle in accordance with \"proper virtues\" such as equality for the male citizens, austerity, strength, and fitness. A Spartan male's involvement with the army began when he was inspected by the Gerousia. Any baby judged weak or deformed was left at Mount Taygetus to die. Those deemed strong entered the agoge regime at the age of seven. Under the agoge, the young boys or Spartiates underwent intense and rigorous military training. Their education focused primarily on cunning , sports and war tactics , but also included poetry, music, academics, and sometimes politics. Those who passed the agoge by the age of 30 achieved full Spartan citizenship.", "selected_sentences": [ "Referring to Sparta as having a `` wall of men , instead of bricks '' , he proposed to reform Spartan society to develop a military - focused lifestyle in accordance with `` proper virtues '' such as equality for the male citizens , austerity , strength , and fitness .", "A Spartan male 's involvement with the army began in infancy when he was inspected by the Gerousia .", "Any baby judged weak or deformed was left at Mount Taygetus to die , since the world of the Spartans was no place for those who could not fend for themselves .", "Those deemed strong entered the agoge regime at the age of seven .", "Under the agoge the young boys or Spartiates underwent intense and rigorous military training .", "Their education focused primarily on cunning , sports and war tactics , but also included poetry , music , academics , and sometimes politics .", "Those who passed the agoge by the age of 30 achieved full Spartan citizenship ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Meyer Friedman", "text": "Then , there was the furniture . In the waiting room of the practice the two doctors ran , the chairs badly needed reupholstering . What was unusual was that the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas , which would have been more typical . The doctors later observed that those chairs were chosen by coronary patients , who tended to sit on the edge of the seat and leaped up frequently , usually to ask how much longer they would have to wait for their appointments to begin . They were as tense as racehorses at the gate . And they had heart problems . Was there a link ? After some initial observations , the doctors hypothesized that there was a connection . Friedman began some studies . In one , he observed 40 accountants , to see if their cholesterol levels rose under the stress of tax season . `` In March , their cholesterol shot up , '' said Dr. Gerald W. Friedland , a Stanford University professor emeritus of radiology who collaborated with Friedman on `` Medicine 's 10 Greatest Discoveries , '' a 1998 book . ", "sentences": [ "Then , there was the furniture .", "In the waiting room of the practice the two doctors ran , the chairs badly needed reupholstering .", "What was unusual was that the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas , which would have been more typical .", "The doctors later observed that those chairs were chosen by coronary patients , who tended to sit on the edge of the seat and leaped up frequently , usually to ask how much longer they would have to wait for their appointments to begin .", "They were as tense as racehorses at the gate .", "And they had heart problems .", "Was there a link ?", "After some initial observations , the doctors hypothesized that there was a connection .", "Friedman began some studies .", "In one , he observed 40 accountants , to see if their cholesterol levels rose under the stress of tax season .", "`` In March , their cholesterol shot up , '' said Dr. Gerald W. Friedland , a Stanford University professor emeritus of radiology who collaborated with Friedman on `` Medicine 's 10 Greatest Discoveries , '' a 1998 book ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The two doctors Meyer Friedman and Gerald W. Friedland, a Stanford University professor emeritus of radiology who collaborated with Friedman on \"Medicine's 10 Greatest Discoveries,'' a 1998 book, observed those chairs in the waiting room of their practice; the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the waiting room of the practice the two doctors ran , the chairs badly needed reupholstering .", "What was unusual was that the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas , which would have been more typical .", "Friedman began some studies .", "`` In March , their cholesterol shot up , '' said Dr. Gerald W. Friedland , a Stanford University professor emeritus of radiology who collaborated with Friedman on `` Medicine 's 10 Greatest Discoveries , '' a 1998 book ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The two doctors: Meyer Friedman and Gerald W. Friedland observed that the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas and that these chairs were chosen by coronary patients, who tended to sit on the edge of the seat.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the waiting room of the practice the two doctors ran , the chairs badly needed reupholstering .", "What was unusual was that the chairs were worn down on the front edges of the seats and armrests instead of on the back areas , which would have been more typical .", "The doctors later observed that those chairs were chosen by coronary patients , who tended to sit on the edge of the seat and leaped up frequently , usually to ask how much longer they would have to wait for their appointments to begin .", "`` In March , their cholesterol shot up , '' said Dr. Gerald W. Friedland , a Stanford University professor emeritus of radiology who collaborated with Friedman on `` Medicine 's 10 Greatest Discoveries , '' a 1998 book ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "It Ain't Me", "text": "`` It Ai n't Me '' is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez . It was released by Sony and Ultra on 17 February 2017 as the lead single from Kygo 's first EP , Stargazing ( 2017 ) . The song was written by Kygo , Gomez , Andrew Watt , Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi . It was produced by Kygo , Watt , Ben Rice and Louis Bell . A dance - pop and tropical house song , `` It Ai n't Me '' comprises an acoustic guitar line , and a build - drop arrangement in its chorus featuring pulsing piano notes , bass , synthesizers , finger - snap claps and pan flute melodies . Gomez sings the track in a husky tone , while in the chorus her vocals are reduced to recurring syllables . The lyrics are nostalgic and narrate a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often . ", "sentences": [ "`` It Ai n't Me '' is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez .", "It was released by Sony and Ultra on 17 February 2017 as the lead single from Kygo 's first EP , Stargazing ( 2017 ) .", "The song was written by Kygo , Gomez , Andrew Watt , Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi .", "It was produced by Kygo , Watt , Ben Rice and Louis Bell .", "A dance - pop and tropical house song , `` It Ai n't Me '' comprises an acoustic guitar line , and a build - drop arrangement in its chorus featuring pulsing piano notes , bass , synthesizers , finger - snap claps and pan flute melodies .", "Gomez sings the track in a husky tone , while in the chorus her vocals are reduced to recurring syllables .", "The lyrics are nostalgic and narrate a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "`` It Ai n't Me '' is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez, with nostalgic lyrics, narrating a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often .", "selected_sentences": [ "`` It Ai n't Me '' is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez .", "The lyrics are nostalgic and narrate a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Easter Island", "text": "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku . The native islanders who carved them used only stone hand chisels , mainly basalt toki , which lie in place all over the quarry . The stone chisels were sharpened by chipping off a new edge when dulled . While sculpting was going on , the volcanic stone was splashed with water to soften it . While many teams worked on different statues at the same time , a single moai took a team of five or six men approximately a year to complete . Each statue represented the deceased head of a lineage . ", "sentences": [ "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku .", "The native islanders who carved them used only stone hand chisels , mainly basalt toki , which lie in place all over the quarry .", "The stone chisels were sharpened by chipping off a new edge when dulled .", "While sculpting was going on , the volcanic stone was splashed with water to soften it .", "While many teams worked on different statues at the same time , a single moai took a team of five or six men approximately a year to complete .", "Each statue represented the deceased head of a lineage ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku .\r\nEach statue represented the deceased head of a lineage .", "selected_sentences": [ "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku .", "Each statue represented the deceased head of a lineage ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku .", "selected_sentences": [ "Almost all ( 95 % ) moai were carved from compressed , easily worked solidified volcanic ash or tuff found at a single site on the side of the extinct volcano Rano Raraku ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Gun laws in North Carolina", "text": "To acquire a handgun in North Carolina ( including private sales , gifts , and inheritance ) an individual must go to the county sheriff 's office in the county in which they reside and obtain a pistol purchase permit . This is not required if one has a CHP ( Concealed Handgun Permit ) . State law requires the applicant to appear in person with government ID , pay a $5 fee , undergo a background check similar in scope and scrutiny to NICS , and have a reason for owning a pistol ( hunting , target shooting , self defense , or collecting ) . Because there are 100 different counties in North Carolina , there are different sets of rules and requirements for obtaining such a permit , which can be determined arbitrarily by the local sheriff . Some sheriffs impose other restrictions such as a limit on the number of permits applied for at a time , waiting periods , and / or proof of good moral character ( a witness or references , in some cases notarized with affidavits ) . The Pistol Purchase requirements are a holdover from Jim Crow laws that were designed to prevent African - Americans and other minorities from easily obtaining handguns . ", "sentences": [ "To acquire a handgun in North Carolina ( including private sales , gifts , and inheritance ) an individual must go to the county sheriff 's office in the county in which they reside and obtain a pistol purchase permit .", "This is not required if one has a CHP ( Concealed Handgun Permit ) .", "State law requires the applicant to appear in person with government ID , pay a $5 fee , undergo a background check similar in scope and scrutiny to NICS , and have a reason for owning a pistol ( hunting , target shooting , self defense , or collecting ) .", "Because there are 100 different counties in North Carolina , there are different sets of rules and requirements for obtaining such a permit , which can be determined arbitrarily by the local sheriff .", "Some sheriffs impose other restrictions such as a limit on the number of permits applied for at a time , waiting periods , and / or proof of good moral character ( a witness or references , in some cases notarized with affidavits ) .", "The Pistol Purchase requirements are a holdover from Jim Crow laws that were designed to prevent African - Americans and other minorities from easily obtaining handguns ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "To acquire a handgun in North Carolina (including private sales, gifts, and inheritance) an individual must go to the county sheriff's office in the county in which they reside and obtain a pistol purchase permit. State law requires the applicant to appear in person with government ID, pay a $5 fee, undergo a background check similar in scope and scrutiny to NICS, and have a reason for owning a pistol (hunting, target shooting, self defense, or collecting). Because there are 100 different counties in North Carolina, there are different sets of rules and requirements for obtaining such a permit, which can be determined arbitrarily by the local sheriff.", "selected_sentences": [ "To acquire a handgun in North Carolina ( including private sales , gifts , and inheritance ) an individual must go to the county sheriff 's office in the county in which they reside and obtain a pistol purchase permit .", "State law requires the applicant to appear in person with government ID , pay a $5 fee , undergo a background check similar in scope and scrutiny to NICS , and have a reason for owning a pistol ( hunting , target shooting , self defense , or collecting ) .", "Because there are 100 different counties in North Carolina , there are different sets of rules and requirements for obtaining such a permit , which can be determined arbitrarily by the local sheriff ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "End of the Han dynasty", "text": "The end of the Han dynasty refers to the period of Chinese history from 189 to 220 AD , which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty 's last ruler , Emperor Xian . During this period , the country was thrown into turmoil by the Yellow Turban Rebellion ( 184 - 205 ) . Meanwhile , the Han Empire 's institutions were destroyed by the warlord Dong Zhuo , and fractured into regional regimes ruled by various warlords , some of whom were nobles and officials of the Han imperial court . Eventually , one of those warlords , Cao Cao , was able to gradually reunify the empire , ostensibly under Emperor Xian 's rule , but the empire was actually controlled by Cao Cao himself . Cao Cao 's efforts to completely reunite the Han empire were rebuffed at the Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 / 209 , when his armies were defeated by the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei . The Han dynasty formally ended in 220 when Cao Cao 's son and heir , Cao Pi , pressured Emperor Xian into abdicating in his favour . Cao Pi became the emperor of a new state , Cao Wei . A year later , in response to Cao Pi 's usurpation of the Han throne , Liu Bei declared himself emperor of Shu Han ; and in 229 , Sun Quan followed suit , declaring himself emperor of Eastern Wu . The period from Emperor Xian 's abdication in 220 to the partial reunification of China under the Jin dynasty in 265 was known as the Three Kingdoms era in Chinese history . ", "sentences": [ "The end of the Han dynasty refers to the period of Chinese history from 189 to 220 AD , which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty 's last ruler , Emperor Xian .", "During this period , the country was thrown into turmoil by the Yellow Turban Rebellion ( 184 - 205 ) .", "Meanwhile , the Han Empire 's institutions were destroyed by the warlord Dong Zhuo , and fractured into regional regimes ruled by various warlords , some of whom were nobles and officials of the Han imperial court .", "Eventually , one of those warlords , Cao Cao , was able to gradually reunify the empire , ostensibly under Emperor Xian 's rule , but the empire was actually controlled by Cao Cao himself .", "Cao Cao 's efforts to completely reunite the Han empire were rebuffed at the Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 / 209 , when his armies were defeated by the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei .", "The Han dynasty formally ended in 220 when Cao Cao 's son and heir , Cao Pi , pressured Emperor Xian into abdicating in his favour .", "Cao Pi became the emperor of a new state , Cao Wei .", "A year later , in response to Cao Pi 's usurpation of the Han throne , Liu Bei declared himself emperor of Shu Han ; and in 229 , Sun Quan followed suit , declaring himself emperor of Eastern Wu .", "The period from Emperor Xian 's abdication in 220 to the partial reunification of China under the Jin dynasty in 265 was known as the Three Kingdoms era in Chinese history ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The end of the Han dynasty refers to the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty's last ruler, Emperor Xian. During this period, the country was thrown into turmoil by the Yellow Turban Rebellion. Meanwhile, the Han Empire's institutions were destroyed by the warlord Dong Zhuo, and fractured into regional regimes ruled by various warlords, some of whom were nobles and officials of the Han imperial court. Cao Cao's efforts to completely reunite the Han empire were rebuffed at the Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 / 209, when his armies were defeated by the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei. The Han dynasty formally ended in 220 when Cao Cao's son and heir, Cao Pi, pressured Emperor Xian into abdicating in his favor.", "selected_sentences": [ "The end of the Han dynasty refers to the period of Chinese history from 189 to 220 AD , which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty 's last ruler , Emperor Xian .", "During this period , the country was thrown into turmoil by the Yellow Turban Rebellion ( 184 - 205 ) .", "Meanwhile , the Han Empire 's institutions were destroyed by the warlord Dong Zhuo , and fractured into regional regimes ruled by various warlords , some of whom were nobles and officials of the Han imperial court .", "Cao Cao 's efforts to completely reunite the Han empire were rebuffed at the Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 / 209 , when his armies were defeated by the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei .", "The Han dynasty formally ended in 220 when Cao Cao 's son and heir , Cao Pi , pressured Emperor Xian into abdicating in his favour ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Santa Barbara, California", "text": "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve , who came in 1782 to build the Presidio . They were sent both to fortify the region against expansion by other powers such as England and Russia , and to convert the natives to Christianity . Many of the Spaniards brought their families with them , and those formed the nucleus of the small town -- at first just a cluster of adobes -- that surrounded the Presidio of Santa Barbara . The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara , December 4 , 1786 . It was the tenth of the California Missions to be founded by the Spanish Franciscans. ( 1 ) It was dedicated by Padre Fermín Lasuén , who succeeded Padre Junipero Serra as the second president and founder of the California Franciscan Mission Chain . The Mission fathers began the slow work of converting the native Chumash to Christianity , building a village for them on the Mission grounds . The Chumash laborers built a connection between the canyon creek and the Santa Barbara Mission water system through the use of a dam and an aqueduct . During the following decades , many of the natives died of diseases such as smallpox , against which they had no natural immunity . ", "sentences": [ "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve , who came in 1782 to build the Presidio .", "They were sent both to fortify the region against expansion by other powers such as England and Russia , and to convert the natives to Christianity .", "Many of the Spaniards brought their families with them , and those formed the nucleus of the small town -- at first just a cluster of adobes -- that surrounded the Presidio of Santa Barbara .", "The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara , December 4 , 1786 .", "It was the tenth of the California Missions to be founded by the Spanish Franciscans.", "( 1 ) It was dedicated by Padre Fermín Lasuén , who succeeded Padre Junipero Serra as the second president and founder of the California Franciscan Mission Chain .", "The Mission fathers began the slow work of converting the native Chumash to Christianity , building a village for them on the Mission grounds .", "The Chumash laborers built a connection between the canyon creek and the Santa Barbara Mission water system through the use of a dam and an aqueduct .", "During the following decades , many of the natives died of diseases such as smallpox , against which they had no natural immunity ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve, who came in 1782 to build the Presidio. The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara, December 4, 1786.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve , who came in 1782 to build the Presidio .", "The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara , December 4 , 1786 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve, who came in 1782 to build the Presidio of Santa Barbara. The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara, December 4, 1786.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first permanent European residents were Spanish missionaries and soldiers under Felipe de Neve , who came in 1782 to build the Presidio .", "Many of the Spaniards brought their families with them , and those formed the nucleus of the small town -- at first just a cluster of adobes -- that surrounded the Presidio of Santa Barbara .", "The Santa Barbara Mission was established on the Feast of Saint Barbara , December 4 , 1786 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "State Board of Equalization (California)", "text": "The State Board of Equalization ( BOE ) is a public agency charged with tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States . The authorities of the Board fell into four broad areas : sales and use taxes , property taxes , special taxes , and acting as an appellate body for franchise and income tax appeals ( which are collected by the Franchise Tax Board ) . The BOE is the only publicly elected tax commission in the United States . The board is made up of four directly elected members , each representing a district for four - year terms , along with the State Controller , who is elected on a statewide basis , serving as the fifth member . In June 2017 , Governor Jerry Brown signed legislation stripping the Board of many of its powers , returning the agency to its original core responsibilities ( originating in the State Constitution in 1879 ) . ", "sentences": [ "The State Board of Equalization ( BOE ) is a public agency charged with tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States .", "The authorities of the Board fell into four broad areas : sales and use taxes , property taxes , special taxes , and acting as an appellate body for franchise and income tax appeals ( which are collected by the Franchise Tax Board ) .", "The BOE is the only publicly elected tax commission in the United States .", "The board is made up of four directly elected members , each representing a district for four - year terms , along with the State Controller , who is elected on a statewide basis , serving as the fifth member .", "In June 2017 , Governor Jerry Brown signed legislation stripping the Board of many of its powers , returning the agency to its original core responsibilities ( originating in the State Constitution in 1879 ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The State Board of Equalization is a public agency in charge of tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States .\r\nIt is made up of four directly elected members , each representing a district for a term of four - years, along with the State Controller, who is elected on a statewide basis , serving as the fifth member .", "selected_sentences": [ "The State Board of Equalization ( BOE ) is a public agency charged with tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States .", "The board is made up of four directly elected members , each representing a district for four - year terms , along with the State Controller , who is elected on a statewide basis , serving as the fifth member ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Statue of Liberty", "text": "Hunt 's pedestal design contains elements of classical architecture , including Doric portals , as well as some elements influenced by Aztec architecture . The large mass is fragmented with architectural detail , in order to focus attention on the statue . In form , it is a truncated pyramid , 62 feet ( 19 m ) square at the base and 39.4 feet ( 12.0 m ) at the top . The four sides are identical in appearance . Above the door on each side , there are ten disks upon which Bartholdi proposed to place the coats of arms of the states ( between 1876 and 1889 , there were 38 U.S. states ) , although this was not done . Above that , a balcony was placed on each side , framed by pillars . Bartholdi placed an observation platform near the top of the pedestal , above which the statue itself rises . According to author Louis Auchincloss , the pedestal `` craggily evokes the power of an ancient Europe over which rises the dominating figure of the Statue of Liberty '' . The committee hired former army General Charles Pomeroy Stone to oversee the construction work . Construction on the 15 - foot - deep ( 4.6 m ) foundation began in 1883 , and the pedestal 's cornerstone was laid in 1884 . In Hunt 's original conception , the pedestal was to have been made of solid granite . Financial concerns again forced him to revise his plans ; the final design called for poured concrete walls , up to 20 feet ( 6.1 m ) thick , faced with granite blocks . This Stony Creek granite came from the Beattie Quarry in Branford , Connecticut . The concrete mass was the largest poured to that time . ", "sentences": [ "Hunt 's pedestal design contains elements of classical architecture , including Doric portals , as well as some elements influenced by Aztec architecture .", "The large mass is fragmented with architectural detail , in order to focus attention on the statue .", "In form , it is a truncated pyramid , 62 feet ( 19 m ) square at the base and 39.4 feet ( 12.0 m ) at the top .", "The four sides are identical in appearance .", "Above the door on each side , there are ten disks upon which Bartholdi proposed to place the coats of arms of the states ( between 1876 and 1889 , there were 38 U.S. states ) , although this was not done .", "Above that , a balcony was placed on each side , framed by pillars .", "Bartholdi placed an observation platform near the top of the pedestal , above which the statue itself rises .", "According to author Louis Auchincloss , the pedestal `` craggily evokes the power of an ancient Europe over which rises the dominating figure of the Statue of Liberty '' .", "The committee hired former army General Charles Pomeroy Stone to oversee the construction work .", "Construction on the 15 - foot - deep ( 4.6 m ) foundation began in 1883 , and the pedestal 's cornerstone was laid in 1884 .", "In Hunt 's original conception , the pedestal was to have been made of solid granite .", "Financial concerns again forced him to revise his plans ; the final design called for poured concrete walls , up to 20 feet ( 6.1 m ) thick , faced with granite blocks .", "This Stony Creek granite came from the Beattie Quarry in Branford , Connecticut .", "The concrete mass was the largest poured to that time ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In form, it is a truncated pyramid, 62 feet square at the base and 39.4 feet at the top. The four sides are identical in appearance. Above that, a balcony was placed on each side framed by pillars. An observation platform near the top of the pedestal is placed above which the statue itself rises.", "selected_sentences": [ "In form , it is a truncated pyramid , 62 feet ( 19 m ) square at the base and 39.4 feet ( 12.0 m ) at the top .", "The four sides are identical in appearance .", "Above that , a balcony was placed on each side , framed by pillars .", "Bartholdi placed an observation platform near the top of the pedestal , above which the statue itself rises ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "Memorandum", "text": "A memorandum can have only a certain number of formats ; it may have a format specific to an office or institution . In law specifically , a memorandum is a record of the terms of a transaction or contract , such as a policy memo , memorandum of understanding , memorandum of agreement , or memorandum of association . Alternative formats include memos , briefing notes , reports , letters , binders , etc . They could be one page long or many . They may be considered as grey literature . If the user is a cabinet minister or a senior executive , the format might be rigidly defined and limited to one or two pages . If the user is a colleague , the format is usually much more flexible . At its most basic level , a memorandum can be a handwritten note to one 's supervisor . In business , a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication , as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication . Hence , we can consider memoranda as an upward communication process through which any complaint , issues , opinion , views and suggestion are put forward to the authorized level . ", "sentences": [ "A memorandum can have only a certain number of formats ; it may have a format specific to an office or institution .", "In law specifically , a memorandum is a record of the terms of a transaction or contract , such as a policy memo , memorandum of understanding , memorandum of agreement , or memorandum of association .", "Alternative formats include memos , briefing notes , reports , letters , binders , etc .", "They could be one page long or many .", "They may be considered as grey literature .", "If the user is a cabinet minister or a senior executive , the format might be rigidly defined and limited to one or two pages .", "If the user is a colleague , the format is usually much more flexible .", "At its most basic level , a memorandum can be a handwritten note to one 's supervisor .", "In business , a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication , as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication .", "Hence , we can consider memoranda as an upward communication process through which any complaint , issues , opinion , views and suggestion are put forward to the authorized level ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In law, memos and letters are used as an alternative of memorandum, a record of the terms of a transaction or contract. In business, a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication, as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication.", "selected_sentences": [ "In law specifically , a memorandum is a record of the terms of a transaction or contract , such as a policy memo , memorandum of understanding , memorandum of agreement , or memorandum of association .", "Alternative formats include memos , briefing notes , reports , letters , binders , etc .", "In business , a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication , as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In business, a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication, as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication.", "selected_sentences": [ "In business , a memo is typically used by firms for internal communication , as opposed to letters which are typically for external communication ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Bee Gees", "text": "In August 1958 , the Gibb family , including older sister Lesley and infant brother Andy , emigrated to Redcliffe , just north - east of Brisbane in Queensland , Australia . The young brothers began performing to raise pocket money . They were introduced to leading Brisbane radio DJ Bill Gates by speedway promoter and driver Bill Goode , who had hired the brothers to entertain the crowd at the Redcliffe Speedway in 1960 . The crowd at the speedway would throw money onto the track for the boys , who generally performed during the interval of meetings ( usually on the back of a truck that drove around the track ) , and in a deal with Goode , any money they collected from the crowd they were allowed to keep . Gates renamed them the BG 's ( later changed to `` Bee Gees '' ) after his ( Goode 's ) and Barry Gibb 's initials -- thus the name was not specifically a reference to `` Brothers Gibb '' , despite popular belief . ", "sentences": [ "In August 1958 , the Gibb family , including older sister Lesley and infant brother Andy , emigrated to Redcliffe , just north - east of Brisbane in Queensland , Australia .", "The young brothers began performing to raise pocket money .", "They were introduced to leading Brisbane radio DJ Bill Gates by speedway promoter and driver Bill Goode , who had hired the brothers to entertain the crowd at the Redcliffe Speedway in 1960 .", "The crowd at the speedway would throw money onto the track for the boys , who generally performed during the interval of meetings ( usually on the back of a truck that drove around the track ) , and in a deal with Goode , any money they collected from the crowd they were allowed to keep .", "Gates renamed them the BG 's ( later changed to `` Bee Gees '' ) after his ( Goode 's ) and Barry Gibb 's initials -- thus the name was not specifically a reference to `` Brothers Gibb '' , despite popular belief ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The \"Bee Gees\" is named after the driver Bill Goode, who had hired the brothers to entertain the crowd at the Redcliffe Speedway in 1960, and Barry Gibb 's initials.", "selected_sentences": [ "In August 1958 , the Gibb family , including older sister Lesley and infant brother Andy , emigrated to Redcliffe , just north - east of Brisbane in Queensland , Australia .", "They were introduced to leading Brisbane radio DJ Bill Gates by speedway promoter and driver Bill Goode , who had hired the brothers to entertain the crowd at the Redcliffe Speedway in 1960 .", "Gates renamed them the BG 's ( later changed to `` Bee Gees '' ) after his ( Goode 's ) and Barry Gibb 's initials -- thus the name was not specifically a reference to `` Brothers Gibb '' , despite popular belief ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]

[ { "title": "One-child policy", "text": "Although the fertility rate began to decline , the Chinese government observed the global debate over a possible overpopulation catastrophe suggested by organizations such as Club of Rome and Sierra Club . While visiting Europe in 1979 , one of the top Chinese officials , Song Jian , read two influential books of the movement , The Limits to Growth and A Blueprint for Survival . With a group of mathematicians , Song determined the correct population of China to be 700 million . A plan was prepared to reduce China 's population to the desired level by 2080 , with the one - child policy as one of the main instruments of social engineering . In spite of some criticism inside the party , the plan ( also referred to as the Family Planning Policy ) was officially adopted in 1979 . The plan called for families to have one child each in order to curb a then - surging population and limit the demands for water and other resources , as well as to alleviate social , economic , and environmental problems in China . The policy was formally implemented as a temporary measure on September 18 , 1980 . ", "sentences": [ "Although the fertility rate began to decline , the Chinese government observed the global debate over a possible overpopulation catastrophe suggested by organizations such as Club of Rome and Sierra Club .", "While visiting Europe in 1979 , one of the top Chinese officials , Song Jian , read two influential books of the movement , The Limits to Growth and A Blueprint for Survival .", "With a group of mathematicians , Song determined the correct population of China to be 700 million .", "A plan was prepared to reduce China 's population to the desired level by 2080 , with the one - child policy as one of the main instruments of social engineering .", "In spite of some criticism inside the party , the plan ( also referred to as the Family Planning Policy ) was officially adopted in 1979 .", "The plan called for families to have one child each in order to curb a then - surging population and limit the demands for water and other resources , as well as to alleviate social , economic , and environmental problems in China .", "The policy was formally implemented as a temporary measure on September 18 , 1980 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A plan was prepared to reduce China 's population to the desired level of 700 million by 2080 , with the one - child policy as one of the main instruments of social engineering. The plan called for families to have one child each in order to curb a then - surging population and limit the demands for water and other resources , as well as to alleviate social , economic , and environmental problems in China.", "selected_sentences": [ "With a group of mathematicians , Song determined the correct population of China to be 700 million .", "A plan was prepared to reduce China 's population to the desired level by 2080 , with the one - child policy as one of the main instruments of social engineering .", "The plan called for families to have one child each in order to curb a then - surging population and limit the demands for water and other resources , as well as to alleviate social , economic , and environmental problems in China ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of rail transport in the United States", "text": "In 1860 , the combined total of railroad stocks and bonds was $1.8 billion ; 1897 it reached $10.6 billion ( compared to a total national debt of $1.2 billion ) . Funding came from financiers throughout the Northeast , and from Europe , especially Britain . The federal government provided no cash to any other railroads . However it did provide unoccupied free land to some of the Western railroads , so they could sell it to farmers and have customers along the route . Some cash came from states , or from local governments that use money as a leverage to prevent being bypassed by the main line . Larger sound came from the southern states during the Reconstruction era , as they try to rebuild their destroyed rail system . Some states such as Maine and Texas also made land grants to local railroads ; the state total was 49 million acres . The emerging American financial system was based on railroad bonds . Boston was the first center , but New York by 1860 was the dominant financial market . The British invested heavily in railroads around the world , but nowhere more so than the United States ; The total came to about $3 billion by 1914 . In 1914 -- 1917 , they liquidated their American assets to pay for war supplies . ", "sentences": [ "In 1860 , the combined total of railroad stocks and bonds was $1.8 billion ; 1897 it reached $10.6 billion ( compared to a total national debt of $1.2 billion ) .", "Funding came from financiers throughout the Northeast , and from Europe , especially Britain .", "The federal government provided no cash to any other railroads .", "However it did provide unoccupied free land to some of the Western railroads , so they could sell it to farmers and have customers along the route .", "Some cash came from states , or from local governments that use money as a leverage to prevent being bypassed by the main line .", "Larger sound came from the southern states during the Reconstruction era , as they try to rebuild their destroyed rail system .", "Some states such as Maine and Texas also made land grants to local railroads ; the state total was 49 million acres .", "The emerging American financial system was based on railroad bonds .", "Boston was the first center , but New York by 1860 was the dominant financial market .", "The British invested heavily in railroads around the world , but nowhere more so than the United States ; The total came to about $3 billion by 1914 .", "In 1914 -- 1917 , they liquidated their American assets to pay for war supplies ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 1860, the combined total of railroad stocks and bonds was $1.8 billion; 1897 it reached $10.6 billion. Funding came from financiers throughout the Northeast, and from Europe, especially Britain. The emerging American financial system was based on railroad bonds.", "selected_sentences": [ "In 1860 , the combined total of railroad stocks and bonds was $1.8 billion ; 1897 it reached $10.6 billion ( compared to a total national debt of $1.2 billion ) .", "Funding came from financiers throughout the Northeast , and from Europe , especially Britain .", "The emerging American financial system was based on railroad bonds ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Wolf spider", "text": "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland . These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes . Spiderlings disperse aerially and consequently wolf spiders have wide distributions . Although some species have very specific microhabitat needs ( such as stream - side gravel beds or montane herb - fields ) most are wanderers without permanent homes . Some build burrows which can be left open or have a trapdoor ( depending on species ) . Arid zone species construct turrets or plug their holes with leaves and pebbles during the rainy season to protect themselves from flood waters . Often they are found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment . ", "sentences": [ "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland .", "These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes .", "Spiderlings disperse aerially and consequently wolf spiders have wide distributions .", "Although some species have very specific microhabitat needs ( such as stream - side gravel beds or montane herb - fields ) most are wanderers without permanent homes .", "Some build burrows which can be left open or have a trapdoor ( depending on species ) .", "Arid zone species construct turrets or plug their holes with leaves and pebbles during the rainy season to protect themselves from flood waters .", "Often they are found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland. These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes. Often they are found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment.", "selected_sentences": [ "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland .", "These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes .", "Often they are found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland. These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes. They can also be found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment.", "selected_sentences": [ "Wolf spiders can be found in a wide range of habitats both coastal and inland .", "These include shrublands , woodland , wet coastal forest , alpine meadows , suburban gardens , and homes .", "Often they are found in man made locations such as sheds and other outdoor equipment ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Tennessee in the American Civil War", "text": "Tennessee was one of the most divided states in the country at the outset of the war . Before the bombardment of Fort Sumter , Tennessee was actually staunchly pro-Union , though there were still a few secessionist hot beds in the western portion of the state . The situation changed when Fort Sumter was bombarded and Lincoln made the call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion . Tennesseans saw this as a threat to their `` southern brethren , '' and the only real pockets of pro-Unionism came from the eastern portion of the state . In fact , Tennessee would furnish more troops for the Union than any other Confederate state , combined . However , over three times that number volunteered for the Confederacy . Interestingly , notable general Nathan Bedford Forrest voted against secession , but later fought for his state when it seceded . ", "sentences": [ "Tennessee was one of the most divided states in the country at the outset of the war .", "Before the bombardment of Fort Sumter , Tennessee was actually staunchly pro-Union , though there were still a few secessionist hot beds in the western portion of the state .", "The situation changed when Fort Sumter was bombarded and Lincoln made the call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion .", "Tennesseans saw this as a threat to their `` southern brethren , '' and the only real pockets of pro-Unionism came from the eastern portion of the state .", "In fact , Tennessee would furnish more troops for the Union than any other Confederate state , combined .", "However , over three times that number volunteered for the Confederacy .", "Interestingly , notable general Nathan Bedford Forrest voted against secession , but later fought for his state when it seceded ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Tennessee was one of the most divided states in the country at the outset of the war. When Fort Sumter was bombarded Lincoln made the call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion, the Tennesseans saw this as a threat to their ``southern brethren.'' In fact, Tennessee would furnish more troops for the Union than any other Confederate state, combined. However, over three times that number volunteered for the Confederacy.", "selected_sentences": [ "Tennessee was one of the most divided states in the country at the outset of the war .", "The situation changed when Fort Sumter was bombarded and Lincoln made the call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion .", "Tennesseans saw this as a threat to their `` southern brethren , '' and the only real pockets of pro-Unionism came from the eastern portion of the state .", "In fact , Tennessee would furnish more troops for the Union than any other Confederate state , combined .", "However , over three times that number volunteered for the Confederacy ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Election Commission of India", "text": "One of the most important features of the democratic policy is elections at regular intervals . Holding periodic free and fair elections are essentials of a democratic system and a part of the basic structure of the Constitution . The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country . In every election , it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner . The Commission issued the code for the first time in 1971 for the 5th Lok Sabha elections and revised it from time to time . It lays down guidelines for the conduct of political parties and candidates during an election period . However , there have been instances of violation of the code by various political parties with complaints being received for misuse of official machinery by the candidates . The code does not have any specific statutory basis but only a persuasive effect . It contains the rules of electoral morality . However , this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing it . ", "sentences": [ "One of the most important features of the democratic policy is elections at regular intervals .", "Holding periodic free and fair elections are essentials of a democratic system and a part of the basic structure of the Constitution .", "The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country .", "In every election , it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner .", "The Commission issued the code for the first time in 1971 for the 5th Lok Sabha elections and revised it from time to time .", "It lays down guidelines for the conduct of political parties and candidates during an election period .", "However , there have been instances of violation of the code by various political parties with complaints being received for misuse of official machinery by the candidates .", "The code does not have any specific statutory basis but only a persuasive effect .", "It contains the rules of electoral morality .", "However , this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing it ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country. In every election, it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country .", "In every election , it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner .", "It lays down guidelines for the conduct of political parties and candidates during an election period ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country as it issues and enforces a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Election Commission is regarded as the guardian of elections in the country .", "In every election , it issues a Model code of Conduct for political parties and candidates to conduct elections in a free and fair manner .", "However , this lack of statutory backing does not prevent the Commission from enforcing it ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Star Wars", "text": "The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars ( later subtitled Episode IV : A New Hope in 1981 ) , which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon . It was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) ; these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy . A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005 , which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans . A sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars : The Force Awakens . All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards ( with wins going to the first two films released ) and have been commercial successes , with a combined box office revenue of over US $7.5 billion , making Star Wars the third highest - grossing film series . Spin - off films include the animated Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) and Rogue One ( 2016 ) , the latter of which is the first in a planned series of anthology films . ", "sentences": [ "The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars ( later subtitled Episode IV : A New Hope in 1981 ) , which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon .", "It was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) ; these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy .", "A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005 , which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans .", "A sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars : The Force Awakens .", "All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards ( with wins going to the first two films released ) and have been commercial successes , with a combined box office revenue of over US $7.5 billion , making Star Wars the third highest - grossing film series .", "Spin - off films include the animated Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) and Rogue One ( 2016 ) , the latter of which is the first in a planned series of anthology films ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars ( later subtitled Episode IV : A New Hope in 1981 ), and It was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ). A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, and a sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars : The Force Awakens . Spin - off films include the animated Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) and Rogue One ( 2016 ).", "selected_sentences": [ "The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars ( later subtitled Episode IV : A New Hope in 1981 ) , which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon .", "It was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) ; these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy .", "A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005 , which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans .", "A sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars : The Force Awakens .", "Spin - off films include the animated Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) and Rogue One ( 2016 ) , the latter of which is the first in a planned series of anthology films ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Euthanasia", "text": "Voluntary , non-voluntary and involuntary types can be further divided into passive or active variants . Passive euthanasia entails the withholding treatment necessary for the continuance of life . Active euthanasia entails the use of lethal substances or forces ( such as administering a lethal injection ) , and is the more controversial . While some authors consider these terms to be misleading and unhelpful , they are nonetheless commonly used . In some cases , such as the administration of increasingly necessary , but toxic doses of painkillers , there is a debate whether or not to regard the practice as active or passive . ", "sentences": [ "Voluntary , non-voluntary and involuntary types can be further divided into passive or active variants .", "Passive euthanasia entails the withholding treatment necessary for the continuance of life .", "Active euthanasia entails the use of lethal substances or forces ( such as administering a lethal injection ) , and is the more controversial .", "While some authors consider these terms to be misleading and unhelpful , they are nonetheless commonly used .", "In some cases , such as the administration of increasingly necessary , but toxic doses of painkillers , there is a debate whether or not to regard the practice as active or passive ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Passive euthanasia entails the withholding treatment necessary for the continuance of life. In some cases, such as the administration of increasingly necessary, but toxic doses of painkillers, there is a debate whether or not to regard the practice as active or passive.", "selected_sentences": [ "Passive euthanasia entails the withholding treatment necessary for the continuance of life .", "In some cases , such as the administration of increasingly necessary , but toxic doses of painkillers , there is a debate whether or not to regard the practice as active or passive ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Philippines", "text": "The Philippines ( / ˈfɪlɪpiːnz / ( listen ) ; Filipino : Pilipinas ( ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs ) or Filipinas ( ˌfɪlɪˈpinɐs ) ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( Filipino : Republika ng Pilipinas ) , is a unitary sovereign state and island country in Southeast Asia . Situated in the western Pacific Ocean , it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south : Luzon , Visayas , and Mindanao . The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila . Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south . ", "sentences": [ "The Philippines ( / ˈfɪlɪpiːnz / ( listen ) ; Filipino : Pilipinas ( ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs ) or Filipinas ( ˌfɪlɪˈpinɐs ) ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( Filipino : Republika ng Pilipinas ) , is a unitary sovereign state and island country in Southeast Asia .", "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean , it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south :", "Luzon , Visayas , and Mindanao .", "The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila .", "Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, the Philippines consists of about 7,641 islands bounded by the South China Sea on the west, the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest. The Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Vietnam to the west, Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south.", "selected_sentences": [ "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean , it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south :", "Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Philippines is a unitary sovereign state and island country in Southeast Asia, and it is situated in the western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Philippines ( / ˈfɪlɪpiːnz / ( listen ) ; Filipino : Pilipinas ( ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs ) or Filipinas ( ˌfɪlɪˈpinɐs ) ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( Filipino : Republika ng Pilipinas ) , is a unitary sovereign state and island country in Southeast Asia .", "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean , it consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south :", "Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "British North America Acts", "text": "The British North America Acts 1867 -- 1975 are the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the constitution of Canada . They were enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and the Parliament of Canada . In Canada , some of the Acts were amended or repealed by the Constitution Act , 1982 . The rest were renamed in Canada as the Constitution Acts . In the United Kingdom , those Acts that were passed by the British Parliament remain under their original names . The term `` British North America '' ( BNA ) refers to the British colonies in North America . ", "sentences": [ "The British North America Acts 1867 -- 1975 are the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the constitution of Canada .", "They were enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and the Parliament of Canada .", "In Canada , some of the Acts were amended or repealed by the Constitution Act , 1982 .", "The rest were renamed in Canada as the Constitution Acts .", "In the United Kingdom , those Acts that were passed by the British Parliament remain under their original names .", "The term `` British North America '' ( BNA ) refers to the British colonies in North America ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It is because the British North America Acts 1867 -- 1975 are the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the constitution of Canada, and the term `` British North America '' refers to the British colonies in North America.", "selected_sentences": [ "The British North America Acts 1867 -- 1975 are the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the constitution of Canada .", "The term `` British North America '' ( BNA ) refers to the British colonies in North America ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Conscription in the United States", "text": "Conscription in the United States , commonly known as the draft , has been employed by the federal government of the United States in five conflicts : the American Revolution , the American Civil War , World War I , World War II , and the Cold War ( including both the Korean War and the Vietnam War ) . The third incarnation of the draft came into being in 1940 through the Selective Training and Service Act . It was the country 's first peacetime draft . From 1940 until 1973 , during both peacetime and periods of conflict , men were drafted to fill vacancies in the United States Armed Forces that could not be filled through voluntary means . The draft came to an end when the United States Armed Forces moved to an all - volunteer military force . However , the Selective Service System remains in place as a contingency plan ; all male civilians between the ages of 18 and 25 are required to register so that a draft can be readily resumed if needed . United States Federal Law also provides for the compulsory conscription of men between the ages of 17 and 45 and certain women for militia service pursuant to Article I , Section 8 of the United States Constitution and 10 U.S. Code § 246 . ", "sentences": [ "Conscription in the United States , commonly known as the draft , has been employed by the federal government of the United States in five conflicts : the American Revolution , the American Civil War , World War I , World War II , and the Cold War ( including both the Korean War and the Vietnam War ) .", "The third incarnation of the draft came into being in 1940 through the Selective Training and Service Act .", "It was the country 's first peacetime draft .", "From 1940 until 1973 , during both peacetime and periods of conflict , men were drafted to fill vacancies in the United States Armed Forces that could not be filled through voluntary means .", "The draft came to an end when the United States Armed Forces moved to an all - volunteer military force .", "However , the Selective Service System remains in place as a contingency plan ; all male civilians between the ages of 18 and 25 are required to register so that a draft can be readily resumed if needed .", "United States Federal Law also provides for the compulsory conscription of men between the ages of 17 and 45 and certain women for militia service pursuant to Article I , Section 8 of the United States Constitution and 10 U.S. Code § 246 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Conscription in the United States, commonly known as the draft, has been employed by the federal government of the United States in five conflicts: the American Revolution, the American Civil War, World War I, World War II and the Cold War (including both the Korean War and the Vietnam War). From 1940 until 1973, during both peacetime and periods of conflict, men were drafted to fill vacancies in the United States Armed Forces that could not be filled through voluntary means.", "selected_sentences": [ "Conscription in the United States , commonly known as the draft , has been employed by the federal government of the United States in five conflicts : the American Revolution , the American Civil War , World War I , World War II , and the Cold War ( including both the Korean War and the Vietnam War ) .", "From 1940 until 1973 , during both peacetime and periods of conflict , men were drafted to fill vacancies in the United States Armed Forces that could not be filled through voluntary means ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Curious George", "text": "Aside from George himself , the only recurring character in the original adventures is the unnamed Man with the Yellow Hat . It was he who lured George into a trap with his hat , captured him in a bag , and forcibly brought him from Africa , and in his house that George lives . The Man often facilitates George 's adventures by taking him somewhere , and even more often resolves the tension by intervening just in time to get George out of a tight spot . He is always seen wearing a bright yellow suit and a wide brimmed yellow hat . The Man is never mentioned by name in the original adventures or in any subsequent content over more than six decades . ", "sentences": [ "Aside from George himself , the only recurring character in the original adventures is the unnamed Man with the Yellow Hat .", "It was he who lured George into a trap with his hat , captured him in a bag , and forcibly brought him from Africa , and in his house that George lives .", "The Man often facilitates George 's adventures by taking him somewhere , and even more often resolves the tension by intervening just in time to get George out of a tight spot .", "He is always seen wearing a bright yellow suit and a wide brimmed yellow hat .", "The Man is never mentioned by name in the original adventures or in any subsequent content over more than six decades ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It was he who lured George into a trap with his hat, captured him in a bag, and forcibly brought him from Africa, and in his house that George lives. The Man is never mentioned by name.", "selected_sentences": [ "It was he who lured George into a trap with his hat , captured him in a bag , and forcibly brought him from Africa , and in his house that George lives .", "The Man is never mentioned by name in the original adventures or in any subsequent content over more than six decades ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "He was the one who lured George into a trap with his hat, captured him in a bag, and forcibly brought him from Africa, and in his house that George lives. The Man often facilitates George 's adventures, and resolves the tension by intervening just in time to get George out of a tight spot. He is never mentioned by name.", "selected_sentences": [ "It was he who lured George into a trap with his hat , captured him in a bag , and forcibly brought him from Africa , and in his house that George lives .", "The Man often facilitates George 's adventures by taking him somewhere , and even more often resolves the tension by intervening just in time to get George out of a tight spot .", "The Man is never mentioned by name in the original adventures or in any subsequent content over more than six decades ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cnidaria", "text": "Cnidaria ( / naɪˈdɛəriə / ) is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic ( freshwater and marine ) environments : they are predominantly marine species . Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes , specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey . Their bodies consist of mesoglea , a non-living jelly - like substance , sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick . They have two basic body forms : swimming medusae and sessile polyps , both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes . Both forms have a single orifice and body cavity that are used for digestion and respiration . Many cnidarian species produce colonies that are single organisms composed of medusa - like or polyp - like zooids , or both ( hence they are trimorphic ) . Cnidarians ' activities are coordinated by a decentralized nerve net and simple receptors . Several free - swimming species of Cubozoa and Scyphozoa possess balance - sensing statocysts , and some have simple eyes . Not all cnidarians reproduce sexually , with many species having complex life cycles of asexual polyp stages and sexual medusae . Some , however , omit either the polyp or the medusa stage . ", "sentences": [ "Cnidaria ( / naɪˈdɛəriə / ) is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic ( freshwater and marine ) environments : they are predominantly marine species .", "Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes , specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey .", "Their bodies consist of mesoglea , a non-living jelly - like substance , sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick .", "They have two basic body forms : swimming medusae and sessile polyps , both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes .", "Both forms have a single orifice and body cavity that are used for digestion and respiration .", "Many cnidarian species produce colonies that are single organisms composed of medusa - like or polyp - like zooids , or both ( hence they are trimorphic ) .", "Cnidarians ' activities are coordinated by a decentralized nerve net and simple receptors .", "Several free - swimming species of Cubozoa and Scyphozoa possess balance - sensing statocysts , and some have simple eyes .", "Not all cnidarians reproduce sexually , with many species having complex life cycles of asexual polyp stages and sexual medusae .", "Some , however , omit either the polyp or the medusa stage ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The mouths are surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes.", "selected_sentences": [ "Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes , specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey .", "They have two basic body forms : swimming medusae and sessile polyps , both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Nosebleed", "text": "The vast majority of nose bleeds occur in the anterior ( front ) part of the nose from the nasal septum . This area is richly endowed with blood vessels ( Kiesselbach 's plexus ) . This region is also known as Little 's area . Bleeding farther back in the nose is known as a posterior bleed and is usually due to bleeding from Woodruff 's plexus , a venous plexus situated in the posterior part of inferior meatus . Posterior bleeds are often prolonged and difficult to control . They can be associated with bleeding from both nostrils and with a greater flow of blood into the mouth . ", "sentences": [ "The vast majority of nose bleeds occur in the anterior ( front ) part of the nose from the nasal septum .", "This area is richly endowed with blood vessels ( Kiesselbach 's plexus ) .", "This region is also known as Little 's area .", "Bleeding farther back in the nose is known as a posterior bleed and is usually due to bleeding from Woodruff 's plexus , a venous plexus situated in the posterior part of inferior meatus .", "Posterior bleeds are often prolonged and difficult to control .", "They can be associated with bleeding from both nostrils and with a greater flow of blood into the mouth ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The vast majority of nose bleeds occur in the anterior (front) part of the nose from the nasal septum. Bleeding farther back in the nose is known as a posterior bleed and is usually due to bleeding from Woodruff's plexus, a venous plexus situated in the posterior part of inferior meatus.", "selected_sentences": [ "The vast majority of nose bleeds occur in the anterior ( front ) part of the nose from the nasal septum .", "Bleeding farther back in the nose is known as a posterior bleed and is usually due to bleeding from Woodruff 's plexus , a venous plexus situated in the posterior part of inferior meatus ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Coureur des bois", "text": "A coureur des bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ de bwa ) ) or coureur de bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ də bwa ) , runner of the woods ; plural : coureurs de bois ) was an independent entrepreneurial French - Canadian trader who traveled in New France and the interior of North America . They ventured into unsettled areas ( the woods ) usually to trade with First Nations peoples : exchanging various European items for furs . Along the way they learned the trades and practices of the Native people . These expeditions were part of the beginning of the fur trade in the North American interior . Initially they traded for coat beaver but , as the market grew , coureurs de bois were trapping and trading prime beavers whose skins were to be felted in Europe . ", "sentences": [ "A coureur des bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ de bwa ) ) or coureur de bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ də bwa ) , runner of the woods ; plural : coureurs de bois ) was an independent entrepreneurial French - Canadian trader who traveled in New France and the interior of North America .", "They ventured into unsettled areas ( the woods ) usually to trade with First Nations peoples : exchanging various European items for furs .", "Along the way they learned the trades and practices of the Native people .", "These expeditions were part of the beginning of the fur trade in the North American interior .", "Initially they traded for coat beaver but , as the market grew , coureurs de bois were trapping and trading prime beavers whose skins were to be felted in Europe ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A coureur des bois or coureur de bois, runner of the woods ; was an independent entrepreneurial French - Canadian trader who traveled in New France and the interior of North America. They ventured into unsettled areas (the woods) usually to trade with First Nations peoples: exchanging various European items for furs. These expeditions were part of the beginning of the fur trade in the North American interior.", "selected_sentences": [ "A coureur des bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ de bwa ) ) or coureur de bois ( French pronunciation : ​ ( kuʁœʁ də bwa ) , runner of the woods ; plural : coureurs de bois ) was an independent entrepreneurial French - Canadian trader who traveled in New France and the interior of North America .", "They ventured into unsettled areas ( the woods ) usually to trade with First Nations peoples : exchanging various European items for furs .", "These expeditions were part of the beginning of the fur trade in the North American interior ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Red-eye effect", "text": "In flash photography the light of the flash occurs too fast for the pupil to close , so much of the very bright light from the flash passes into the eye through the pupil , reflects off the fundus at the back of the eyeball and out through the pupil . The camera records this reflected light . The main cause of the red color is the ample amount of blood in the choroid which nourishes the back of the eye and is located behind the retina . The blood in the retinal circulation is far less than in the choroid , and plays virtually no role . The eye contains several photostable pigments that all absorb in the short wavelength region , and hence contribute somewhat to the red eye effect . The lens cuts off deep blue and violet light , below 430 nm ( depending on age ) , and macular pigment absorbs between 400 and 500 nm , but this pigment is located exclusively in the tiny fovea . Melanin , located in the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE ) and the choroid , shows a gradually increasing absorption towards the short wavelengths . But blood is the main determinant of the red color , because it is completely transparent at long wavelengths and abruptly starts absorbing at 600 nm . The amount of red light emerging from the pupil depends on the amount of melanin in the layers behind the retina . This amount varies strongly between individuals . Light skinned people with blue eyes have relatively low melanin in the fundus and thus show a much stronger red - eye effect than dark skinned people with brown eyes . The same holds for animals . The color of the iris itself is of virtually no importance for the red - eye effect . This is obvious because the red - eye effect is most apparent when photographing dark adapted subjects , hence with fully dilated pupils . Photographs taken with infrared light through night vision devices always show very bright pupils because , in the dark , the pupils are fully dilated and the infrared light is not absorbed by any ocular pigment . ", "sentences": [ "In flash photography the light of the flash occurs too fast for the pupil to close , so much of the very bright light from the flash passes into the eye through the pupil , reflects off the fundus at the back of the eyeball and out through the pupil .", "The camera records this reflected light .", "The main cause of the red color is the ample amount of blood in the choroid which nourishes the back of the eye and is located behind the retina .", "The blood in the retinal circulation is far less than in the choroid , and plays virtually no role .", "The eye contains several photostable pigments that all absorb in the short wavelength region , and hence contribute somewhat to the red eye effect .", "The lens cuts off deep blue and violet light , below 430 nm ( depending on age ) , and macular pigment absorbs between 400 and 500 nm , but this pigment is located exclusively in the tiny fovea .", "Melanin , located in the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE ) and the choroid , shows a gradually increasing absorption towards the short wavelengths .", "But blood is the main determinant of the red color , because it is completely transparent at long wavelengths and abruptly starts absorbing at 600 nm .", "The amount of red light emerging from the pupil depends on the amount of melanin in the layers behind the retina .", "This amount varies strongly between individuals .", "Light skinned people with blue eyes have relatively low melanin in the fundus and thus show a much stronger red - eye effect than dark skinned people with brown eyes .", "The same holds for animals .", "The color of the iris itself is of virtually no importance for the red - eye effect .", "This is obvious because the red - eye effect is most apparent when photographing dark adapted subjects , hence with fully dilated pupils .", "Photographs taken with infrared light through night vision devices always show very bright pupils because , in the dark , the pupils are fully dilated and the infrared light is not absorbed by any ocular pigment ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In flash photography the light of the flash occurs too fast for the pupil to close, so much of the very bright light from the flash passes into the eye through the pupil, reflects off the fundus at the back of the eyeball and out through the pupil. The camera records this reflected light. The main cause of the red color is the ample amount of blood in the choroid which nourishes the back of the eye and is located behind the retina. The eye contains several photostable pigments that all absorb in the short wavelength region, and hence contribute somewhat to the red eye effect. The amount of red light emerging from the pupil depends on the amount of melanin in the layers behind the retina. Light skinned people with blue eyes have relatively low melanin in the fundus and thus show a much stronger red - eye effect than dark skinned people with brown eyes.", "selected_sentences": [ "In flash photography the light of the flash occurs too fast for the pupil to close , so much of the very bright light from the flash passes into the eye through the pupil , reflects off the fundus at the back of the eyeball and out through the pupil .", "The camera records this reflected light .", "The main cause of the red color is the ample amount of blood in the choroid which nourishes the back of the eye and is located behind the retina .", "The eye contains several photostable pigments that all absorb in the short wavelength region , and hence contribute somewhat to the red eye effect .", "But blood is the main determinant of the red color , because it is completely transparent at long wavelengths and abruptly starts absorbing at 600 nm .", "The amount of red light emerging from the pupil depends on the amount of melanin in the layers behind the retina .", "Light skinned people with blue eyes have relatively low melanin in the fundus and thus show a much stronger red - eye effect than dark skinned people with brown eyes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Love Actually", "text": "Writer Jamie ( Colin Firth ) is pushed to Juliet and Peter 's wedding by his girlfriend ( Sienna Guillory ) as she feigns illness . He returns between the ceremony and the reception to check on her , and discovers that she is having an affair with his brother . Crushed , Jamie withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia ( Lúcia Moniz ) , who does not speak English . Despite their inability to communicate , they become attracted to each other . When Jamie returns to England , he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese . He returns to France to find her and ends up walking through town , gathering people as they walk to her job at a restaurant . In his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes . She says yes in broken English as the crowd erupts in applause . ", "sentences": [ "Writer Jamie ( Colin Firth ) is pushed to Juliet and Peter 's wedding by his girlfriend ( Sienna Guillory ) as she feigns illness .", "He returns between the ceremony and the reception to check on her , and discovers that she is having an affair with his brother .", "Crushed , Jamie withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia ( Lúcia Moniz ) , who does not speak English .", "Despite their inability to communicate , they become attracted to each other .", "When Jamie returns to England , he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese .", "He returns to France to find her and ends up walking through town , gathering people as they walk to her job at a restaurant .", "In his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes .", "She says yes in broken English as the crowd erupts in applause ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Jamie (Colin Firth)withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia (Lúcia Moniz). When Jamie returns to England, he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese. He returns to France and in his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes. She says yes.", "selected_sentences": [ "Writer Jamie ( Colin Firth ) is pushed to Juliet and Peter 's wedding by his girlfriend ( Sienna Guillory ) as she feigns illness .", "Crushed , Jamie withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia ( Lúcia Moniz ) , who does not speak English .", "When Jamie returns to England , he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese .", "He returns to France to find her and ends up walking through town , gathering people as they walk to her job at a restaurant .", "In his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes .", "She says yes in broken English as the crowd erupts in applause ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Jamie, played by Colin Firth, withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia. When Jamie returns to England, he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese. He returns to France and in his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes. She says yes.", "selected_sentences": [ "Writer Jamie ( Colin Firth ) is pushed to Juliet and Peter 's wedding by his girlfriend ( Sienna Guillory ) as she feigns illness .", "Crushed , Jamie withdraws to his French cottage where he meets Portuguese housekeeper Aurélia ( Lúcia Moniz ) , who does not speak English .", "When Jamie returns to England , he realises he is in love with Aurélia and begins learning Portuguese .", "He returns to France to find her and ends up walking through town , gathering people as they walk to her job at a restaurant .", "In his broken Portuguese he declares his love for her and proposes .", "She says yes in broken English as the crowd erupts in applause ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Diamond", "text": "Nitrogen is by far the most common impurity found in gem diamonds and is responsible for the yellow and brown color in diamonds . Boron is responsible for the blue color . Color in diamond has two additional sources : irradiation ( usually by alpha particles ) , that causes the color in green diamonds , and plastic deformation of the diamond crystal lattice . Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds . In order of increasing rarity , yellow diamond is followed by brown , colorless , then by blue , green , black , pink , orange , purple , and red . `` Black '' , or Carbonado , diamonds are not truly black , but rather contain numerous dark inclusions that give the gems their dark appearance . Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration , while pure or nearly pure diamonds are transparent and colorless . Most diamond impurities replace a carbon atom in the crystal lattice , known as a carbon flaw . The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration depending upon the type and concentration of nitrogen present . The Gemological Institute of America ( GIA ) classifies low saturation yellow and brown diamonds as diamonds in the normal color range , and applies a grading scale from `` D '' ( colorless ) to `` Z '' ( light yellow ) . Diamonds of a different color , such as blue , are called fancy colored diamonds and fall under a different grading scale . ", "sentences": [ "Nitrogen is by far the most common impurity found in gem diamonds and is responsible for the yellow and brown color in diamonds .", "Boron is responsible for the blue color .", "Color in diamond has two additional sources : irradiation ( usually by alpha particles ) , that causes the color in green diamonds , and plastic deformation of the diamond crystal lattice .", "Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds .", "In order of increasing rarity , yellow diamond is followed by brown , colorless , then by blue , green , black , pink , orange , purple , and red .", "`` Black '' , or Carbonado , diamonds are not truly black , but rather contain numerous dark inclusions that give the gems their dark appearance .", "Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration , while pure or nearly pure diamonds are transparent and colorless .", "Most diamond impurities replace a carbon atom in the crystal lattice , known as a carbon flaw .", "The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration depending upon the type and concentration of nitrogen present .", "The Gemological Institute of America ( GIA ) classifies low saturation yellow and brown diamonds as diamonds in the normal color range , and applies a grading scale from `` D '' ( colorless ) to `` Z '' ( light yellow ) .", "Diamonds of a different color , such as blue , are called fancy colored diamonds and fall under a different grading scale ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration , while pure or nearly pure diamonds are transparent and colorless. The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration. Boron is responsible for the blue color and irradiation causes the color in green diamonds. Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds.", "selected_sentences": [ "Boron is responsible for the blue color .", "Color in diamond has two additional sources : irradiation ( usually by alpha particles ) , that causes the color in green diamonds , and plastic deformation of the diamond crystal lattice .", "Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds .", "Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration , while pure or nearly pure diamonds are transparent and colorless .", "The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration depending upon the type and concentration of nitrogen present ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration. The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration. Boron is responsible for the blue color and irradiation causes the color in green diamonds. Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds.", "selected_sentences": [ "Boron is responsible for the blue color .", "Color in diamond has two additional sources : irradiation ( usually by alpha particles ) , that causes the color in green diamonds , and plastic deformation of the diamond crystal lattice .", "Plastic deformation is the cause of color in some brown and perhaps pink and red diamonds .", "Colored diamonds contain impurities or structural defects that cause the coloration , while pure or nearly pure diamonds are transparent and colorless .", "The most common impurity , nitrogen , causes a slight to intense yellow coloration depending upon the type and concentration of nitrogen present ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Trump Tower", "text": "At around 5 : 30 p.m. ( EDT ) on April 7 , 2018 , a 4 - alarm fire broke out in a condominium in the tower 's 50th floor , killing a resident and injuring six firefighters ; the apartment was almost entirely engulfed in flames by the time the New York City Fire Department ( FDNY ) arrived . In a Twitter post , Trump attributed the fire 's limited damage to the building 's design . The sole fatality was 67 - year - old Todd Brassner , an art dealer known for his association with Andy Warhol , who had endured debilitating medical problems for several years . Brassner 's apartment , as well as the rest of the residential units in Trump Tower , did not contain sprinklers because the structure had been built before 1999 , when the city passed a law requiring sprinklers in residential units ; Trump had lobbied against the proposal . The FDNY later announced that the fire had been accidentally caused by power wires that had overheated . The April 2018 fire followed a minor electrical fire at the tower earlier that year , which had injured three people . ", "sentences": [ "At around 5 : 30 p.m. ( EDT ) on April 7 , 2018 , a 4 - alarm fire broke out in a condominium in the tower 's 50th floor , killing a resident and injuring six firefighters ; the apartment was almost entirely engulfed in flames by the time the New York City Fire Department ( FDNY ) arrived .", "In a Twitter post , Trump attributed the fire 's limited damage to the building 's design .", "The sole fatality was 67 - year - old Todd Brassner , an art dealer known for his association with Andy Warhol , who had endured debilitating medical problems for several years .", "Brassner 's apartment , as well as the rest of the residential units in Trump Tower , did not contain sprinklers because the structure had been built before 1999 , when the city passed a law requiring sprinklers in residential units ; Trump had lobbied against the proposal .", "The FDNY later announced that the fire had been accidentally caused by power wires that had overheated .", "The April 2018 fire followed a minor electrical fire at the tower earlier that year , which had injured three people ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "At around 5 : 30 p.m. ( EDT ) on April 7 , 2018 , a 4 - alarm fire broke out in a condominium in the tower 's 50th floor , killing a resident, Todd Brassner, and injuring six firefighters.", "selected_sentences": [ "At around 5 : 30 p.m. ( EDT ) on April 7 , 2018 , a 4 - alarm fire broke out in a condominium in the tower 's 50th floor , killing a resident and injuring six firefighters ; the apartment was almost entirely engulfed in flames by the time the New York City Fire Department ( FDNY ) arrived .", "The sole fatality was 67 - year - old Todd Brassner , an art dealer known for his association with Andy Warhol , who had endured debilitating medical problems for several years ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The 67-year-old Todd Brassner, an art dealer, lived in his apartment on the 50th floor of the tower.", "selected_sentences": [ "At around 5 : 30 p.m. ( EDT ) on April 7 , 2018 , a 4 - alarm fire broke out in a condominium in the tower 's 50th floor , killing a resident and injuring six firefighters ; the apartment was almost entirely engulfed in flames by the time the New York City Fire Department ( FDNY ) arrived .", "The sole fatality was 67 - year - old Todd Brassner , an art dealer known for his association with Andy Warhol , who had endured debilitating medical problems for several years .", "Brassner 's apartment , as well as the rest of the residential units in Trump Tower , did not contain sprinklers because the structure had been built before 1999 , when the city passed a law requiring sprinklers in residential units ; Trump had lobbied against the proposal ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (car)", "text": "For the 1968 film , six cars were created , including a fully functional road - going car with UK registration GEN 11 . This car was designed by the film 's production designer , Ken Adam , and cartoonist and sculptor Frederick Rowland Emett , built by Alan Mann Racing in Hertfordshire in 1967 , fitted with a Ford 3000 V6 engine and automatic transmission and allocated a genuine UK registration . This car was privately owned by Pierre Picton of Stratford - upon - Avon from the early 1970s until May 2011 . Actor Dick van Dyke , who drove the car in the film , said that `` the car was a little difficult to maneuver , with the turning radius of a battleship '' . Public appearances of the car in 2010 are listed on the GEN 11 official website , with a note that there will be no more as the car was sent to Los Angeles , USA , to be auctioned on 22 May 2011 . The auction price was expected to reach US $ 1 -- 2m , but capped at $805,000 ( £ 495,415 ) with the winning bidder New Zealand film director Sir Peter Jackson , who according to his spokesperson said he would use it as a charity fund - raising vehicle . It is registered in New Zealand as GEN 1I , as the registration GEN 11 had already been issued . ", "sentences": [ "For the 1968 film , six cars were created , including a fully functional road - going car with UK registration GEN 11 .", "This car was designed by the film 's production designer , Ken Adam , and cartoonist and sculptor Frederick Rowland Emett , built by Alan Mann Racing in Hertfordshire in 1967 , fitted with a Ford 3000 V6 engine and automatic transmission and allocated a genuine UK registration .", "This car was privately owned by Pierre Picton of Stratford - upon - Avon from the early 1970s until May 2011 .", "Actor Dick van Dyke , who drove the car in the film , said that `` the car was a little difficult to maneuver , with the turning radius of a battleship '' .", "Public appearances of the car in 2010 are listed on the GEN 11 official website , with a note that there will be no more as the car was sent to Los Angeles , USA , to be auctioned on 22 May 2011 .", "The auction price was expected to reach US $ 1 -- 2m , but capped at $805,000 ( £ 495,415 ) with the winning bidder New Zealand film director Sir Peter Jackson , who according to his spokesperson said he would use it as a charity fund - raising vehicle .", "It is registered in New Zealand as GEN 1I , as the registration GEN 11 had already been issued ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The car was privately owned by Pierre Picton of Stratford - upon - Avon from the early 1970s until May 2011. The car was sent to Los Angeles, USA, to be auctioned on 22 May 2011. The winning bidder was New Zealand film director Sir Peter Jackson , who according to his spokesperson said he would use it as a charity fund - raising vehicle.", "selected_sentences": [ "This car was privately owned by Pierre Picton of Stratford - upon - Avon from the early 1970s until May 2011 .", "Public appearances of the car in 2010 are listed on the GEN 11 official website , with a note that there will be no more as the car was sent to Los Angeles , USA , to be auctioned on 22 May 2011 .", "The auction price was expected to reach US $ 1 -- 2m , but capped at $805,000 ( £ 495,415 ) with the winning bidder New Zealand film director Sir Peter Jackson , who according to his spokesperson said he would use it as a charity fund - raising vehicle ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sunderland A.F.C.", "text": "Sunderland Association Football Club ( / ˈsʌndərlənd / ( listen ) , locally / ˈsʊndlən / ) is an English professional football club based in the city of Sunderland , Tyne and Wear . Sunderland currently plays in League One , the third tier of English football . Since its formation in 1879 , the club has won six top - flight ( First Division , now the Premier League ) titles ( 1892 , 1893 , 1895 , 1902 , 1913 and 1936 ) , a total only bettered by five other clubs , and has finished runners - up five times . The club has also won the FA Cup twice ( 1937 and 1973 ) and been runners - up twice ( 1913 and 1992 ) , as well as winning the FA Community Shield in 1936 and being finalists the following year . Sunderland have also been Football League Cup finalists in 1985 and 2014 . ", "sentences": [ "Sunderland Association Football Club ( / ˈsʌndərlənd / ( listen ) , locally / ˈsʊndlən / ) is an English professional football club based in the city of Sunderland , Tyne and Wear .", "Sunderland currently plays in League One , the third tier of English football .", "Since its formation in 1879 , the club has won six top - flight ( First Division , now the Premier League ) titles ( 1892 , 1893 , 1895 , 1902 , 1913 and 1936 ) , a total only bettered by five other clubs , and has finished runners - up five times .", "The club has also won the FA Cup twice ( 1937 and 1973 ) and been runners - up twice ( 1913 and 1992 ) , as well as winning the FA Community Shield in 1936 and being finalists the following year .", "Sunderland have also been Football League Cup finalists in 1985 and 2014 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Sunderland Association Football Club has won the FA Cup twice, and the last one was 1973.", "selected_sentences": [ "Sunderland Association Football Club ( / ˈsʌndərlənd / ( listen ) , locally / ˈsʊndlən / ) is an English professional football club based in the city of Sunderland , Tyne and Wear .", "The club has also won the FA Cup twice ( 1937 and 1973 ) and been runners - up twice ( 1913 and 1992 ) , as well as winning the FA Community Shield in 1936 and being finalists the following year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Sunderland Association Football Club last won the FA Cup in 1973.", "selected_sentences": [ "Sunderland Association Football Club ( / ˈsʌndərlənd / ( listen ) , locally / ˈsʊndlən / ) is an English professional football club based in the city of Sunderland , Tyne and Wear .", "The club has also won the FA Cup twice ( 1937 and 1973 ) and been runners - up twice ( 1913 and 1992 ) , as well as winning the FA Community Shield in 1936 and being finalists the following year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "House of Carrillo", "text": "Carrillo is a Spanish surname , and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century . According to a family origin legend , two brothers sharing royal bloodline accidentally killed a favorite courtier of the King of Italy , which forced them to flee into hiding to avoid his rage ( it is said that the brothers dueled with the courtier over the honor of a beautiful Spanish maiden ) . The brothers eventually arrived in Spain after being placed under the protection of Fernán González of Castile . ( their country of origin is unknown ) . There they were so loyal to each other , they never left each other 's side , and hence were called by the Castilians Carrillo , which is given several false etymologies : `` loyal or devoted '' , implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '' , or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart '' . The brothers endeared themselves to the Castilians , and married two daughters of the Count . He gave them the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother , and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger . All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers . The name also appears in connection with an ancient Spanish legend concerning the Siete Infantes de Lara ( Seven Princes of Lara ) . ", "sentences": [ "Carrillo is a Spanish surname , and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century .", "According to a family origin legend , two brothers sharing royal bloodline accidentally killed a favorite courtier of the King of Italy , which forced them to flee into hiding to avoid his rage ( it is said that the brothers dueled with the courtier over the honor of a beautiful Spanish maiden ) .", "The brothers eventually arrived in Spain after being placed under the protection of Fernán González of Castile .", "( their country of origin is unknown ) .", "There they were so loyal to each other , they never left each other 's side , and hence were called by the Castilians Carrillo , which is given several false etymologies : `` loyal or devoted '' , implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '' , or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart '' .", "The brothers endeared themselves to the Castilians , and married two daughters of the Count .", "He gave them the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother , and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger .", "All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers .", "The name also appears in connection with an ancient Spanish legend concerning the Siete Infantes de Lara ( Seven Princes of Lara ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Carrillo is a Spanish surname, and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century. There were two brothers who were so loyal to each other and called by the Castilians Carrillo, which is given several false etymologies: `` loyal or devoted '', implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '', or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart ''. They received the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother, and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger. All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers. The name also appears in connection with an ancient Spanish legend concerning the Siete Infantes de Lara.", "selected_sentences": [ "Carrillo is a Spanish surname , and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century .", "There they were so loyal to each other , they never left each other 's side , and hence were called by the Castilians Carrillo , which is given several false etymologies : `` loyal or devoted '' , implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '' , or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart '' .", "He gave them the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother , and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger .", "All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers .", "The name also appears in connection with an ancient Spanish legend concerning the Siete Infantes de Lara ( Seven Princes of Lara ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Carrillo is a Spanish surname, and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century. There were two brothers who were so loyal to each other and called by the Castilians Carrillo, which is given several false etymologies: `` loyal or devoted '', implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '', or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart ''. They received the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother, and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger. All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers.", "selected_sentences": [ "Carrillo is a Spanish surname , and reference to the family dates back to the Kingdom of Castile in the thirteenth century .", "There they were so loyal to each other , they never left each other 's side , and hence were called by the Castilians Carrillo , which is given several false etymologies : `` loyal or devoted '' , implying that the brothers were very close one to another like the `` carillon bells of the church towers '' , or comparing them to `` two wheels on a cart '' .", "He gave them the titles of Count of Priego for the elder brother , and Marquis De La Guardia for the younger .", "All lines of the Carrillo family are said to branch from these two brothers .", "The name also appears in connection with an ancient Spanish legend concerning the Siete Infantes de Lara ( Seven Princes of Lara ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Medical glove", "text": "Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients . Medical gloves are made of different polymers including latex , nitrile rubber , polyvinyl chloride and neoprene ; they come unpowdered , or powdered with cornstarch to lubricate the gloves , making them easier to put on the hands . Cornstarch replaced tissue - irritating Lycopodium powder and talc , but even cornstarch can impede healing if it gets into tissues ( as during surgery ) . As such , unpowdered gloves are used more often during surgery and other sensitive procedures . Special manufacturing processes are used to compensate for the lack of powder . There are two main types of medical gloves : examination and surgical . Surgical gloves have more precise sizing with a better precision and sensitivity and are made to a higher standard . Examination gloves are available as either sterile or non-sterile , while surgical gloves are generally sterile . ", "sentences": [ "Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients .", "Medical gloves are made of different polymers including latex , nitrile rubber , polyvinyl chloride and neoprene ; they come unpowdered , or powdered with cornstarch to lubricate the gloves , making them easier to put on the hands .", "Cornstarch replaced tissue - irritating Lycopodium powder and talc , but even cornstarch can impede healing if it gets into tissues ( as during surgery ) .", "As such , unpowdered gloves are used more often during surgery and other sensitive procedures .", "Special manufacturing processes are used to compensate for the lack of powder .", "There are two main types of medical gloves : examination and surgical .", "Surgical gloves have more precise sizing with a better precision and sensitivity and are made to a higher standard .", "Examination gloves are available as either sterile or non-sterile , while surgical gloves are generally sterile ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Sterile gloves can be used for medical examinations and are generally used in medical procedures.", "selected_sentences": [ "Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients .", "Examination gloves are available as either sterile or non-sterile , while surgical gloves are generally sterile ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Medical gloves (available as sterile or non-sterile) are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients.", "selected_sentences": [ "Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients .", "Examination gloves are available as either sterile or non-sterile , while surgical gloves are generally sterile ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Red deer", "text": "In the Netherlands , a large herd ( ca . 3000 animals counted in late 2012 ) lives in the Oostvaarders Plassen , a nature reserve . Ireland has its own unique subspecies . In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) . Not all of these are of entirely pure bloodlines , as some of these populations have been supplemented with deliberate releases of deer from parks , such as Warnham or Woburn Abbey , in an attempt to increase antler sizes and body weights . The University of Edinburgh found that , in Scotland , there has been extensive hybridisation with the closely related sika deer . Several other populations have originated either with `` carted '' deer kept for stag hunts being left out at the end of the hunt , escapes from deer farms , or deliberate releases . Carted deer were kept by stag hunts with no wild red deer in the locality and were normally recaptured after the hunt and used again ; although the hunts are called `` stag hunts '' , the Norwich Staghounds only hunted hinds ( female red deer ) , and in 1950 , at least eight hinds ( some of which may have been pregnant ) were known to be at large near Kimberley and West Harling ; they formed the basis of a new population based in Thetford Forest in Norfolk . Further substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire , as well as many other smaller populations scattered throughout England and Wales , and they are all generally increasing in numbers and range . A census of deer populations in 2007 and again in 2011 coordinated by the British Deer Society records the red deer as having continued to expand their range in England and Wales since 2000 , with expansion most notable in the Midlands and East Anglia . ", "sentences": [ "In the Netherlands , a large herd ( ca .", "3000 animals counted in late 2012 )", "lives in the Oostvaarders Plassen , a nature reserve .", "Ireland has its own unique subspecies .", "In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) .", "Not all of these are of entirely pure bloodlines , as some of these populations have been supplemented with deliberate releases of deer from parks , such as Warnham or Woburn Abbey , in an attempt to increase antler sizes and body weights .", "The University of Edinburgh found that , in Scotland , there has been extensive hybridisation with the closely related sika deer .", "Several other populations have originated either with `` carted '' deer kept for stag hunts being left out at the end of the hunt , escapes from deer farms , or deliberate releases .", "Carted deer were kept by stag hunts with no wild red deer in the locality and were normally recaptured after the hunt and used again ; although the hunts are called `` stag hunts '' , the Norwich Staghounds only hunted hinds ( female red deer ) , and in 1950 , at least eight hinds ( some of which may have been pregnant ) were known to be at large near Kimberley and West Harling ; they formed the basis of a new population based in Thetford Forest in Norfolk .", "Further substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire , as well as many other smaller populations scattered throughout England and Wales , and they are all generally increasing in numbers and range .", "A census of deer populations in 2007 and again in 2011 coordinated by the British Deer Society records the red deer as having continued to expand their range in England and Wales since 2000 , with expansion most notable in the Midlands and East Anglia ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) . In addition, other substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) .", "Further substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire , as well as many other smaller populations scattered throughout England and Wales , and they are all generally increasing in numbers and range ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In the Netherlands, Red deer lives in the Oostvaarders Plassen , a nature reserve . In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) .In addition, other substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the Netherlands , a large herd ( ca .", "lives in the Oostvaarders Plassen , a nature reserve .", "In the UK , indigenous populations occur in Scotland , the Lake District , and the South West of England ( principally on Exmoor ) .", "Further substantial red deer herds originated from escapes or deliberate releases in the New Forest , the Peak District , Suffolk , Lancashire , Brecon Beacons , and North Yorkshire , as well as many other smaller populations scattered throughout England and Wales , and they are all generally increasing in numbers and range ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Maritime lien", "text": "A Shipowner 's Lien is a possessory lien which is the major difference between it and other maritime liens . The right to this lien can be applied only on the goods which are delivering by the shipowner when the shipper is the contractual party . It may entitle the shipowner to retain the cargoes as security for the payment of a debt . The contractual shipowner 's lien is currently found in all contracts for carriage of goods by sea nowadays , and may be claimed if the shippers fail to pay the due on time . However , some authorities state that there is no difference between shipowner 's lien and maritime lien . ", "sentences": [ "A Shipowner 's Lien is a possessory lien which is the major difference between it and other maritime liens .", "The right to this lien can be applied only on the goods which are delivering by the shipowner when the shipper is the contractual party .", "It may entitle the shipowner to retain the cargoes as security for the payment of a debt .", "The contractual shipowner 's lien is currently found in all contracts for carriage of goods by sea nowadays , and may be claimed if the shippers fail to pay the due on time .", "However , some authorities state that there is no difference between shipowner 's lien and maritime lien ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "A Shipowner 's Lien is a possessory lien which is the major difference between it and other maritime liens. It may entitle the shipowner to retain the cargoes as security for the payment of a debt. However , some authorities state that there is no difference between shipowner 's lien and maritime lien.", "selected_sentences": [ "A Shipowner 's Lien is a possessory lien which is the major difference between it and other maritime liens .", "It may entitle the shipowner to retain the cargoes as security for the payment of a debt .", "However , some authorities state that there is no difference between shipowner 's lien and maritime lien ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Cluster sampling", "text": "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters ( at least in the first stage ) . In stratified sampling , the sampling is done on elements within each strata . In stratified sampling , a random sample is drawn from each of the strata , whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled . A common motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency . This contrasts with stratified sampling where the motivation is to increase precision . ", "sentences": [ "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters ( at least in the first stage ) .", "In stratified sampling , the sampling is done on elements within each strata .", "In stratified sampling , a random sample is drawn from each of the strata , whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled .", "A common motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency .", "This contrasts with stratified sampling where the motivation is to increase precision ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters ( at least in the first stage ) . In stratified sampling , a random sample is drawn from each of the strata , whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled . A common motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency, but the motivation of stratified sampling is to increase precision.", "selected_sentences": [ "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters ( at least in the first stage ) .", "In stratified sampling , a random sample is drawn from each of the strata , whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled .", "A common motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency .", "This contrasts with stratified sampling where the motivation is to increase precision ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters. In stratified sampling , the sampling is done randomly on elements within each strata, whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled .\r\nA motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency, while the motivation in stratified sampling is to increase precision.", "selected_sentences": [ "The main difference between cluster sampling and stratified sampling is that in cluster sampling the cluster is treated as the sampling unit so sampling is done on a population of clusters ( at least in the first stage ) .", "In stratified sampling , the sampling is done on elements within each strata .", "In stratified sampling , a random sample is drawn from each of the strata , whereas in cluster sampling only the selected clusters are sampled .", "A common motivation of cluster sampling is to reduce costs by increasing sampling efficiency .", "This contrasts with stratified sampling where the motivation is to increase precision ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Guinea pig", "text": "C. porcellus is not found naturally in the wild ; it is likely descended from closely related species of cavies , such as C. aperea , C. fulgida , and C. tschudii , which are still commonly found in various regions of South America . Studies from 2007 -- 2010 applied molecular markers and studied the skull and skeletal morphology of current and mummified animals , thereby revealing the ancestor to most likely be Cavia tschudii . Some species of cavy identified in the 20th century , such as C. anolaimae and C. guianae , may be domestic guinea pigs that have become feral by reintroduction into the wild . Wild cavies are found on grassy plains and occupy an ecological niche similar to that of cattle . They are social , living in the wild in small groups that consist of several females ( sows ) , a male ( boar ) , and the young ( which , in a break with the preceding porcine nomenclature , are called `` pups '' not `` piglets '' ) . They move together in groups ( herds ) eating grass or other vegetation , and do not store food . While they do not burrow themselves or build nests , they frequently seek shelter in the burrows of other animals , as well as in crevices and tunnels formed by vegetation . They tend to be most active during dawn and dusk ( crepuscular ) , when it is harder for predators to spot them . ", "sentences": [ "C. porcellus is not found naturally in the wild ; it is likely descended from closely related species of cavies , such as C. aperea , C. fulgida , and C. tschudii , which are still commonly found in various regions of South America .", "Studies from 2007 -- 2010 applied molecular markers and studied the skull and skeletal morphology of current and mummified animals , thereby revealing the ancestor to most likely be Cavia tschudii .", "Some species of cavy identified in the 20th century , such as C. anolaimae and C. guianae , may be domestic guinea pigs that have become feral by reintroduction into the wild .", "Wild cavies are found on grassy plains and occupy an ecological niche similar to that of cattle .", "They are social , living in the wild in small groups that consist of several females ( sows ) , a male ( boar ) , and the young ( which , in a break with the preceding porcine nomenclature , are called `` pups '' not `` piglets '' ) .", "They move together in groups ( herds ) eating grass or other vegetation , and do not store food .", "While they do not burrow themselves or build nests , they frequently seek shelter in the burrows of other animals , as well as in crevices and tunnels formed by vegetation .", "They tend to be most active during dawn and dusk ( crepuscular ) , when it is harder for predators to spot them ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "C. porcellus is not found naturally in the wild. Some species of cavy identified in the 20th century, such as C. anolaimae and C. guianae, may be domestic guinea pigs that have become feral by reintroduction into the wild. Wild cavies are found on grassy plains and occupy an ecological niche similar to that of cattle. They frequently seek shelter in the burrows of other animals, as well as in crevices and tunnels formed by vegetation.", "selected_sentences": [ "C. porcellus is not found naturally in the wild ; it is likely descended from closely related species of cavies , such as C. aperea , C. fulgida , and C. tschudii , which are still commonly found in various regions of South America .", "Some species of cavy identified in the 20th century , such as C. anolaimae and C. guianae , may be domestic guinea pigs that have become feral by reintroduction into the wild .", "Wild cavies are found on grassy plains and occupy an ecological niche similar to that of cattle .", "While they do not burrow themselves or build nests , they frequently seek shelter in the burrows of other animals , as well as in crevices and tunnels formed by vegetation ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Wild turkey", "text": "Adult wild turkeys have long reddish - yellow to grayish - green legs . The body feathers are generally blackish and dark , sometimes grey brown overall with a coppery sheen that becomes more complex in adult males . Adult males , called toms or gobblers , have a large , featherless , reddish head , red throat , and red wattles on the throat and neck . The head has fleshy growths called caruncles . Juvenile males are called jakes ; the difference between an adult male and a juvenile is that the jake has a very short beard and his tail fan has longer feathers in the middle . The adult male 's tail fan feathers will be all the same length . When males are excited , a fleshy flap on the bill expands , and this , the wattles and the bare skin of the head and neck all become engorged with blood , almost concealing the eyes and bill . The long fleshy object over a male 's beak is called a snood . Each foot has three toes in front , with a shorter , rear - facing toe in back ; males have a spur behind each of their lower legs . ", "sentences": [ "Adult wild turkeys have long reddish - yellow to grayish - green legs .", "The body feathers are generally blackish and dark , sometimes grey brown overall with a coppery sheen that becomes more complex in adult males .", "Adult males , called toms or gobblers , have a large , featherless , reddish head , red throat , and red wattles on the throat and neck .", "The head has fleshy growths called caruncles .", "Juvenile males are called jakes ; the difference between an adult male and a juvenile is that the jake has a very short beard and his tail fan has longer feathers in the middle .", "The adult male 's tail fan feathers will be all the same length .", "When males are excited , a fleshy flap on the bill expands , and this , the wattles and the bare skin of the head and neck all become engorged with blood , almost concealing the eyes and bill .", "The long fleshy object over a male 's beak is called a snood .", "Each foot has three toes in front , with a shorter , rear - facing toe in back ; males have a spur behind each of their lower legs ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Adult male wild turkeys are called toms or gobblers, juvenile males are called jakes.", "selected_sentences": [ "Adult males , called toms or gobblers , have a large , featherless , reddish head , red throat , and red wattles on the throat and neck .", "Juvenile males are called jakes ; the difference between an adult male and a juvenile is that the jake has a very short beard and his tail fan has longer feathers in the middle ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Operating system", "text": "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3 % . macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place ( 11.2 % ) , and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place ( 1.55 % ) . In the mobile ( smartphone and tablet combined ) sector , according to third quarter 2016 data , Android by Google is dominant with 87.5 percent and a growth rate 10.3 percent per year , followed by iOS by Apple with 12.1 percent and a per year decrease in market share of 5.2 percent , while other operating systems amount to just 0.3 percent . Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors . Other specialized classes of operating systems , such as embedded and real - time systems , exist for many applications . ", "sentences": [ "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3 % .", "macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place ( 11.2 % ) , and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place ( 1.55 % ) .", "In the mobile ( smartphone and tablet combined ) sector , according to third quarter 2016 data , Android by Google is dominant with 87.5 percent and a growth rate 10.3 percent per year , followed by iOS by Apple with 12.1 percent and a per year decrease in market share of 5.2 percent , while other operating systems amount to just 0.3 percent .", "Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors .", "Other specialized classes of operating systems , such as embedded and real - time systems , exist for many applications ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3 % . macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place ( 11.2 % ) , and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place ( 1.55 % ) . Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors .", "selected_sentences": [ "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3 % .", "macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place ( 11.2 % ) , and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place ( 1.55 % ) .", "Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows, and macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place followed by the varieties of Linux collectively in third place. Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors.", "selected_sentences": [ "The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3 % .", "macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place ( 11.2 % ) , and the varieties of Linux are collectively in third place ( 1.55 % ) .", "Linux distributions are dominant in the server and supercomputing sectors ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Home Alone 2: Lost in New York", "text": "The film was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; and New York City ( which was star Culkin 's hometown at the time ) . The exterior of Duncan 's Toy Chest in New York City was filmed outside of the Rookery Building in downtown Chicago . The exterior of Haven Middle School in Evanston , Illinois is shown prior to the Christmas pageant . The Miami scenes were filmed in Los Angeles , including an exterior of Miami International Airport which was filmed at Los Angeles International Airport . The film became the second most financially successful film of 1992 , earning over $173 million in revenue in the United States and $359 million worldwide against a budget of $20 million . The film is also notable for featuring a cameo from future President Donald Trump , who had owned the Plaza Hotel at the time of the film 's production . Although Critical response was negative audience reception was positive . Home Alone 3 followed five years later in 1997 , but the original cast and director did not return for that film . ", "sentences": [ "The film was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; and New York City ( which was star Culkin 's hometown at the time ) .", "The exterior of Duncan 's Toy Chest in New York City was filmed outside of the Rookery Building in downtown Chicago .", "The exterior of Haven Middle School in Evanston , Illinois is shown prior to the Christmas pageant .", "The Miami scenes were filmed in Los Angeles , including an exterior of Miami International Airport which was filmed at Los Angeles International Airport .", "The film became the second most financially successful film of 1992 , earning over $173 million in revenue in the United States and $359 million worldwide against a budget of $20 million .", "The film is also notable for featuring a cameo from future President Donald Trump , who had owned the Plaza Hotel at the time of the film 's production .", "Although Critical response was negative audience reception was positive .", "Home Alone 3 followed five years later in 1997 , but the original cast and director did not return for that film ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Home Alone 2: Lost in New York was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; and New York City. The exterior of Duncan 's Toy Chest in New York City was filmed outside of the Rookery Building in downtown Chicago . The Miami scenes were filmed in Los Angeles , including an exterior of Miami International Airport which was filmed at Los Angeles International Airport .", "selected_sentences": [ "The film was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; and New York City ( which was star Culkin 's hometown at the time ) .", "The exterior of Duncan 's Toy Chest in New York City was filmed outside of the Rookery Building in downtown Chicago .", "The Miami scenes were filmed in Los Angeles , including an exterior of Miami International Airport which was filmed at Los Angeles International Airport ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Home Alone 2: Lost in New York was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; New York City; downtown Chicago; Los Angeles and Los Angeles International Airport .", "selected_sentences": [ "The film was shot in Winnetka , Illinois ; O'Hare International Airport in Chicago ; Evanston , Illinois ; and New York City ( which was star Culkin 's hometown at the time ) .", "The exterior of Duncan 's Toy Chest in New York City was filmed outside of the Rookery Building in downtown Chicago .", "The Miami scenes were filmed in Los Angeles , including an exterior of Miami International Airport which was filmed at Los Angeles International Airport ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Color television", "text": "While the CBS color broadcasting schedule gradually expanded to twelve hours per week ( but never into prime time ) , and the color network expanded to eleven affiliates as far west as Chicago , its commercial success was doomed by the lack of color receivers necessary to watch the programs , the refusal of television manufacturers to create adapter mechanisms for their existing black - and - white sets , and the unwillingness of advertisers to sponsor broadcasts seen by almost no one . CBS had bought a television manufacturer in April , and in September 1951 , production began on the only CBS - Columbia color television model , with the first color sets reaching retail stores on September 28 . But it was too little , too late . Only 200 sets had been shipped , and only 100 sold , when CBS discontinued its color television system on October 20 , 1951 , ostensibly by request of the National Production Authority for the duration of the Korean War , and bought back all the CBS color sets it could to prevent lawsuits by disappointed customers . RCA chairman David Sarnoff later charged that the NPA 's order had come `` out of a situation artificially created by one company to solve its own perplexing problems '' because CBS had been unsuccessful in its color venture . Compatible ", "sentences": [ "While the CBS color broadcasting schedule gradually expanded to twelve hours per week ( but never into prime time ) , and the color network expanded to eleven affiliates as far west as Chicago , its commercial success was doomed by the lack of color receivers necessary to watch the programs , the refusal of television manufacturers to create adapter mechanisms for their existing black - and - white sets , and the unwillingness of advertisers to sponsor broadcasts seen by almost no one .", "CBS had bought a television manufacturer in April , and in September 1951 , production began on the only CBS - Columbia color television model , with the first color sets reaching retail stores on September 28 .", "But it was too little , too late .", "Only 200 sets had been shipped , and only 100 sold , when CBS discontinued its color television system on October 20 , 1951 , ostensibly by request of the National Production Authority for the duration of the Korean War , and bought back all the CBS color sets it could to prevent lawsuits by disappointed customers .", "RCA chairman David Sarnoff later charged that the NPA 's order had come `` out of a situation artificially created by one company to solve its own perplexing problems '' because CBS had been unsuccessful in its color venture .", "Compatible" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "CBS had bought a television manufacturer in April , and in September 1951 , production began on the only CBS - Columbia color television model , with the first color sets reaching retail stores on September 28. Only 200 sets had been shipped , and only 100 sold , when CBS discontinued its color television system on October 20 , 1951 , ostensibly by request of the National Production Authority for the duration of the Korean War , and bought back all the CBS color sets it could to prevent lawsuits by disappointed customers.", "selected_sentences": [ "CBS had bought a television manufacturer in April , and in September 1951 , production began on the only CBS - Columbia color television model , with the first color sets reaching retail stores on September 28 .", "Only 200 sets had been shipped , and only 100 sold , when CBS discontinued its color television system on October 20 , 1951 , ostensibly by request of the National Production Authority for the duration of the Korean War , and bought back all the CBS color sets it could to prevent lawsuits by disappointed customers ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first color television reached retail stores on September 28 1951.", "selected_sentences": [ "CBS had bought a television manufacturer in April , and in September 1951 , production began on the only CBS - Columbia color television model , with the first color sets reaching retail stores on September 28 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Phosphene", "text": "The most common phosphenes are pressure phosphenes , caused by rubbing or applying pressure on or near the closed eyes . They have been known since antiquity , and described by the Greeks . The pressure mechanically stimulates the cells of the retina . Experiences include a darkening of the visual field that moves against the rubbing , a diffuse colored patch that also moves against the rubbing , a scintillating and ever - changing and deforming light grid with occasional dark spots ( like a crumpling fly - spotted flyscreen ) , and a sparse field of intense blue points of light . Pressure phosphenes can persist briefly after the rubbing stops and the eyes are opened , allowing the phosphenes to be seen on the visual scene . Hermann von Helmholtz and others have published drawings of their pressure phosphenes . One example of a pressure phosphene is demonstrated by gently pressing the side of one 's eye and observing a colored ring of light on the opposite side , as detailed by Isaac Newton . ", "sentences": [ "The most common phosphenes are pressure phosphenes , caused by rubbing or applying pressure on or near the closed eyes .", "They have been known since antiquity , and described by the Greeks .", "The pressure mechanically stimulates the cells of the retina .", "Experiences include a darkening of the visual field that moves against the rubbing , a diffuse colored patch that also moves against the rubbing , a scintillating and ever - changing and deforming light grid with occasional dark spots ( like a crumpling fly - spotted flyscreen ) , and a sparse field of intense blue points of light .", "Pressure phosphenes can persist briefly after the rubbing stops and the eyes are opened , allowing the phosphenes to be seen on the visual scene .", "Hermann von Helmholtz and others have published drawings of their pressure phosphenes .", "One example of a pressure phosphene is demonstrated by gently pressing the side of one 's eye and observing a colored ring of light on the opposite side , as detailed by Isaac Newton ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The most common phosphenes are pressure phosphenes, caused by rubbing or applying pressure on or near the closed eyes. Pressure phosphenes can persist briefly after the rubbing stops and the eyes are opened, allowing the phosphenes to be seen on the visual scene.", "selected_sentences": [ "The most common phosphenes are pressure phosphenes , caused by rubbing or applying pressure on or near the closed eyes .", "Pressure phosphenes can persist briefly after the rubbing stops and the eyes are opened , allowing the phosphenes to be seen on the visual scene ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Enzyme", "text": "An important function of enzymes is in the digestive systems of animals . Enzymes such as amylases and proteases break down large molecules ( starch or proteins , respectively ) into smaller ones , so they can be absorbed by the intestines . Starch molecules , for example , are too large to be absorbed from the intestine , but enzymes hydrolyze the starch chains into smaller molecules such as maltose and eventually glucose , which can then be absorbed . Different enzymes digest different food substances . In ruminants , which have herbivorous diets , microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme , cellulase , to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber . ", "sentences": [ "An important function of enzymes is in the digestive systems of animals .", "Enzymes such as amylases and proteases break down large molecules ( starch or proteins , respectively ) into smaller ones , so they can be absorbed by the intestines .", "Starch molecules , for example , are too large to be absorbed from the intestine , but enzymes hydrolyze the starch chains into smaller molecules such as maltose and eventually glucose , which can then be absorbed .", "Different enzymes digest different food substances .", "In ruminants , which have herbivorous diets , microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme , cellulase , to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Enzymes such as amylases and proteases break down large molecules (starch or proteins, respectively) into smaller ones, so they can be absorbed by the intestines. Enzymes hydrolyze the starch chains into smaller molecules such as maltose and eventually glucose, which can then be absorbed. In ruminants, which have herbivorous diets, microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme, cellulase, to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber.", "selected_sentences": [ "Enzymes such as amylases and proteases break down large molecules ( starch or proteins , respectively ) into smaller ones , so they can be absorbed by the intestines .", "Starch molecules , for example , are too large to be absorbed from the intestine , but enzymes hydrolyze the starch chains into smaller molecules such as maltose and eventually glucose , which can then be absorbed .", "In ruminants , which have herbivorous diets , microorganisms in the gut produce another enzyme , cellulase , to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant fiber ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "News of the World (album)", "text": "The album 's cover was a painting by American sci - fi artist Frank Kelly Freas . Taylor had an issue of Astounding Science Fiction ( October 1953 ) whose cover art depicted a giant intelligent robot holding the dead body of a man . The caption read : `` Please ... fix it , Daddy ? '' to illustrate the story `` The Gulf Between '' by Tom Godwin . The painting inspired the band to contact Freas , who agreed to alter the painting for their album cover , by replacing the single dead man with the four `` dead '' band members ( with Taylor and Deacon falling to the ground , and Taylor only visible on the back cover ) . The inner cover ( gatefold ) has the robot extending its hand to snatch up the petrified fleeing audience in the shattered auditorium where the corpses were removed . Freas said he was a classical music fan and did not know Queen , and only listened to the band after doing the cover `` because I thought I might just hate them , and it would ruin my ideas '' , but eventually liked their music . ", "sentences": [ "The album 's cover was a painting by American sci - fi artist Frank Kelly Freas .", "Taylor had an issue of Astounding Science Fiction ( October 1953 ) whose cover art depicted a giant intelligent robot holding the dead body of a man .", "The caption read : `` Please ... fix it , Daddy ? ''", "to illustrate the story `` The Gulf Between '' by Tom Godwin .", "The painting inspired the band to contact Freas , who agreed to alter the painting for their album cover , by replacing the single dead man with the four `` dead '' band members ( with Taylor and Deacon falling to the ground , and Taylor only visible on the back cover ) .", "The inner cover ( gatefold ) has the robot extending its hand to snatch up the petrified fleeing audience in the shattered auditorium where the corpses were removed .", "Freas said he was a classical music fan and did not know Queen , and only listened to the band after doing the cover `` because I thought I might just hate them , and it would ruin my ideas '' , but eventually liked their music ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The album's cover was a painting by American sci-fi artist Frank Kelly Freas. The painting inspired the band to contact Freas, who agreed to alter the painting for their album cover, by replacing the single dead man with the four ``dead'' band members.", "selected_sentences": [ "The album 's cover was a painting by American sci - fi artist Frank Kelly Freas .", "The painting inspired the band to contact Freas , who agreed to alter the painting for their album cover , by replacing the single dead man with the four `` dead '' band members ( with Taylor and Deacon falling to the ground , and Taylor only visible on the back cover ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Doctor of Public Health", "text": "The Doctor of Public Health ( abbr . DrPH or DPH ; Latin Publica Sanitas Doctor ) is a doctoral degree awarded in the field of Public Health . DrPH is the highest , and terminal , professional degree in the field of public health . It prepares its recipients for a leadership career in advanced public health practice and administration . Some of the DrPH holders also pursue academia including teaching and research . DrPH holders often occupy executive leadership roles in private and public sectors along with , non-profit and international health entities such as the WHO . ", "sentences": [ "The Doctor of Public Health ( abbr .", "DrPH or DPH ; Latin Publica Sanitas Doctor ) is a doctoral degree awarded in the field of Public Health .", "DrPH is the highest , and terminal , professional degree in the field of public health .", "It prepares its recipients for a leadership career in advanced public health practice and administration .", "Some of the DrPH holders also pursue academia including teaching and research .", "DrPH holders often occupy executive leadership roles in private and public sectors along with , non-profit and international health entities such as the WHO ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Doctors of public health, DrPH often occupy executive leadership roles in private and public sectors along with, non-profit and international health entities such as the WHO. Some of them pursue academia including teaching and research.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Doctor of Public Health ( abbr .", "Some of the DrPH holders also pursue academia including teaching and research .", "DrPH holders often occupy executive leadership roles in private and public sectors along with , non-profit and international health entities such as the WHO ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Holy Chalice", "text": "The Holy Chalice is the vessel which in Christian tradition Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine . The vessel is referred to in the synoptic gospels as ποτήριον ( `` cup , drinking vessel '' ) . The celebration of the Eucharist in Christian churches and communities retains the original elements of the Last Supper , the bread and the cup or chalice , with the celebrant using the words of Jesus , as recorded in the Gospels . The Holy Chalice in the form of the Holy Grail became a topos in Arthurian romance in the high medieval period . In Roman Catholic relic veneration of the later medieval period , two artifacts , one kept in Genoa and the other in Valencia , were identified as the Holy Chalice . ", "sentences": [ "The Holy Chalice is the vessel which in Christian tradition Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine .", "The vessel is referred to in the synoptic gospels as ποτήριον ( `` cup , drinking vessel '' ) .", "The celebration of the Eucharist in Christian churches and communities retains the original elements of the Last Supper , the bread and the cup or chalice , with the celebrant using the words of Jesus , as recorded in the Gospels .", "The Holy Chalice in the form of the Holy Grail became a topos in Arthurian romance in the high medieval period .", "In Roman Catholic relic veneration of the later medieval period , two artifacts , one kept in Genoa and the other in Valencia , were identified as the Holy Chalice ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Holy Chalice, in the form of the Holy Grail, is the vessel which in Christian tradition Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Holy Chalice is the vessel which in Christian tradition Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine .", "The Holy Chalice in the form of the Holy Grail became a topos in Arthurian romance in the high medieval period ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Holy Chalice in the form of the Holy Grail became a topos in Arthurian romance in the high medieval period. There are two artifacts identified as the Holy Chalice, one kept in Genoa and the other in Valencia.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Holy Chalice in the form of the Holy Grail became a topos in Arthurian romance in the high medieval period .", "In Roman Catholic relic veneration of the later medieval period , two artifacts , one kept in Genoa and the other in Valencia , were identified as the Holy Chalice ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Jack the Giant Slayer", "text": "Principal photography began on April 12 , 2011 , in the British countryside . In May 2011 , production moved to Somerset , England for two weeks with filming scheduled in Wells , Cheddar and secret locations in the county including scenes filmed at Wells Cathedral . Also in May , scenes were shot at Puzzlewood in the Forest of Dean near Coleford , Gloucestershire . Puzzlewood , which features unusual tree and rock formations , has previously been used for filming of the BBC TV series Doctor Who and Merlin . The same forest is said to have inspired J.R.R. Tolkien to write The Hobbit . Later that month , filming took place at Norwich Cathedral in Norwich , Norfolk . ", "sentences": [ "Principal photography began on April 12 , 2011 , in the British countryside .", "In May 2011 , production moved to Somerset , England for two weeks with filming scheduled in Wells , Cheddar and secret locations in the county including scenes filmed at Wells Cathedral .", "Also in May , scenes were shot at Puzzlewood in the Forest of Dean near Coleford , Gloucestershire .", "Puzzlewood , which features unusual tree and rock formations , has previously been used for filming of the BBC TV series Doctor Who and Merlin .", "The same forest is said to have inspired J.R.R. Tolkien to write The Hobbit .", "Later that month , filming took place at Norwich Cathedral in Norwich , Norfolk ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "\"Jack the Giant Slayer\" was filmed in the British countryside, Somerset , England , Wells , Cheddar, secret locations in the county including scenes filmed at Wells Cathedral. Scenes were shot at Puzzlewood in the Forest of Dean near Coleford , Gloucestershire and at Norwich Cathedral in Norwich , Norfolk .", "selected_sentences": [ "Principal photography began on April 12 , 2011 , in the British countryside .", "In May 2011 , production moved to Somerset , England for two weeks with filming scheduled in Wells , Cheddar and secret locations in the county including scenes filmed at Wells Cathedral .", "Also in May , scenes were shot at Puzzlewood in the Forest of Dean near Coleford , Gloucestershire .", "Later that month , filming took place at Norwich Cathedral in Norwich , Norfolk ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Monty Python's Life of Brian", "text": "The film was shot on location in Monastir , Tunisia , which allowed the production to reuse sets from Franco Zeffirelli 's Jesus of Nazareth ( 1977 ) . The Tunisian shoot was documented by Iain Johnstone for his BBC film The Pythons . Many locals were employed as extras on Life of Brian . Director Jones noted , `` They were all very knowing because they 'd all worked for Franco Zeffirelli on Jesus of Nazareth , so I had these elderly Tunisians telling me , ' Well , Mr Zeffirelli would n't have done it like that , you know . ' '' Further location shooting took place in Sousse ( Jerusalem outer walls and gateway ) , Carthage ( Roman amphitheatre ) and Matmata , Tunisia ( Sermon on the Mount and Crucifixion ) . Graham Chapman , suffering from alcoholism , was so determined to play the lead role -- at one point coveted by Cleese -- that he dried out in time for filming , so much so that he also acted as the on - set doctor . Following shooting between 16 September and 12 November 1978 , a two - hour rough cut of the film was put together for its first private showing in January 1979 . Over the next few months Life of Brian was re-edited and re-screened a number of times for different preview audiences , losing a number of entire filmed sequences ( see § Lost scenes below ) . ", "sentences": [ "The film was shot on location in Monastir , Tunisia , which allowed the production to reuse sets from Franco Zeffirelli 's Jesus of Nazareth ( 1977 ) .", "The Tunisian shoot was documented by Iain Johnstone for his BBC film The Pythons .", "Many locals were employed as extras on Life of Brian .", "Director Jones noted , `` They were all very knowing because they 'd all worked for Franco Zeffirelli on Jesus of Nazareth , so I had these elderly Tunisians telling me , ' Well , Mr Zeffirelli would n't have done it like that , you know . ' ''", "Further location shooting took place in Sousse ( Jerusalem outer walls and gateway ) , Carthage ( Roman amphitheatre ) and Matmata , Tunisia ( Sermon on the Mount and Crucifixion ) .", "Graham Chapman , suffering from alcoholism , was so determined to play the lead role -- at one point coveted by Cleese -- that he dried out in time for filming , so much so that he also acted as the on - set doctor .", "Following shooting between 16 September and 12 November 1978 , a two - hour rough cut of the film was put together for its first private showing in January 1979 .", "Over the next few months Life of Brian was re-edited and re-screened a number of times for different preview audiences , losing a number of entire filmed sequences ( see § Lost scenes below ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The film was shot on location in Monastir, Tunisia; in Sousse, Jerusalem outer walls and gateway; Carthage, Roman amphitheatre; and Matmata, Tunisia.", "selected_sentences": [ "The film was shot on location in Monastir , Tunisia , which allowed the production to reuse sets from Franco Zeffirelli 's Jesus of Nazareth ( 1977 ) .", "Further location shooting took place in Sousse ( Jerusalem outer walls and gateway ) , Carthage ( Roman amphitheatre ) and Matmata , Tunisia ( Sermon on the Mount and Crucifixion ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Synapse", "text": "Synapses are essential to neuronal function : neurons are cells that are specialized to pass signals to individual target cells , and synapses are the means by which they do so . At a synapse , the plasma membrane of the signal - passing neuron ( the presynaptic neuron ) comes into close apposition with the membrane of the target ( postsynaptic ) cell . Both the presynaptic and postsynaptic sites contain extensive arrays of a molecular machinery that link the two membranes together and carry out the signaling process . In many synapses , the presynaptic part is located on an axon and the postsynaptic part is located on a dendrite or soma . Astrocytes also exchange information with the synaptic neurons , responding to synaptic activity and , in turn , regulating neurotransmission . Synapses ( at least chemical synapses ) are stabilized in position by synaptic adhesion molecules ( SAMs ) projecting from both the pre - and post-synaptic neuron and sticking together where they overlap ; SAMs may also assist in the generation and functioning of synapses . ", "sentences": [ "Synapses are essential to neuronal function : neurons are cells that are specialized to pass signals to individual target cells , and synapses are the means by which they do so .", "At a synapse , the plasma membrane of the signal - passing neuron ( the presynaptic neuron ) comes into close apposition with the membrane of the target ( postsynaptic ) cell .", "Both the presynaptic and postsynaptic sites contain extensive arrays of a molecular machinery that link the two membranes together and carry out the signaling process .", "In many synapses , the presynaptic part is located on an axon and the postsynaptic part is located on a dendrite or soma .", "Astrocytes also exchange information with the synaptic neurons , responding to synaptic activity and , in turn , regulating neurotransmission .", "Synapses ( at least chemical synapses ) are stabilized in position by synaptic adhesion molecules ( SAMs ) projecting from both the pre - and post-synaptic neuron and sticking together where they overlap ; SAMs may also assist in the generation and functioning of synapses ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Synapses are essential to neuronal function: neurons are cells that are specialized to pass signals to individual target cells, and synapses are the means by which they do so. In many synapses, the presynaptic part is located on an axon and the postsynaptic part is located on a dendrite or soma.", "selected_sentences": [ "Synapses are essential to neuronal function : neurons are cells that are specialized to pass signals to individual target cells , and synapses are the means by which they do so .", "In many synapses , the presynaptic part is located on an axon and the postsynaptic part is located on a dendrite or soma ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "New Deal", "text": "The New Deal was a series of programs , public work projects , financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936 in response to the Great Depression . Some of these federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC ) , the Civil Works Administration ( CWA ) , the Farm Security Administration ( FSA ) , the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 ( NIRA ) and the Social Security Administration ( SSA ) . These programs included support for farmers , the unemployed , youth and the elderly . It included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply . New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt . The programs focused on what historians refer to as the `` 3 Rs '' : relief for the unemployed and poor , recovery of the economy back to normal levels and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression . The New Deal produced a political realignment , making the Democratic Party the majority ( as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of the nine presidential terms from 1933 -- 1969 ) with its base in liberal ideas , the South , traditional Democrats , big city machines and the newly empowered labor unions and ethnic minorities . The Republicans were split , with conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as hostile to business and economic growth and liberals in support . The realignment crystallized into the New Deal coalition that dominated presidential elections into the 1960s while the opposing conservative coalition largely controlled Congress in domestic affairs from 1937 -- 1964 . ", "sentences": [ "The New Deal was a series of programs , public work projects , financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936 in response to the Great Depression .", "Some of these federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC ) , the Civil Works Administration ( CWA ) , the Farm Security Administration ( FSA ) , the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 ( NIRA ) and the Social Security Administration ( SSA ) .", "These programs included support for farmers , the unemployed , youth and the elderly .", "It included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply .", "New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt .", "The programs focused on what historians refer to as the `` 3 Rs '' : relief for the unemployed and poor , recovery of the economy back to normal levels and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression .", "The New Deal produced a political realignment , making the Democratic Party the majority ( as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of the nine presidential terms from 1933 -- 1969 ) with its base in liberal ideas , the South , traditional Democrats , big city machines and the newly empowered labor unions and ethnic minorities .", "The Republicans were split , with conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as hostile to business and economic growth and liberals in support .", "The realignment crystallized into the New Deal coalition that dominated presidential elections into the 1960s while the opposing conservative coalition largely controlled Congress in domestic affairs from 1937 -- 1964 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936 in response to the Great Depression. These programs included support for farmers, the unemployed, youth and the elderly.", "selected_sentences": [ "The New Deal was a series of programs , public work projects , financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1936 in response to the Great Depression .", "These programs included support for farmers , the unemployed , youth and the elderly ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Soil erosion", "text": "Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil , one form of soil degradation . A low level of erosion of soil is a naturally occurring process on all land . The agents of soil erosion are water and wind , each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year . Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed , or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil . The loss of soil from farmland may be reflected in reduced crop production potential , lower surface water quality and damaged drainage networks . ", "sentences": [ "Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil , one form of soil degradation .", "A low level of erosion of soil is a naturally occurring process on all land .", "The agents of soil erosion are water and wind , each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year .", "Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed , or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil .", "The loss of soil from farmland may be reflected in reduced crop production potential , lower surface water quality and damaged drainage networks ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil , one form of soil degradation.\r\nThe agents of soil erosion are water and wind, each contributing to a significant amount of soil loss each year .", "selected_sentences": [ "Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil , one form of soil degradation .", "The agents of soil erosion are water and wind , each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Thanksgiving dinner", "text": "The centerpiece of contemporary Thanksgiving in the United States and Canada is a large meal , generally with a large roasted turkey . It is served with a variety of side dishes such as mashed potatoes , stuffing and cranberry sauce . The majority of the dishes in the traditional American version of Thanksgiving dinner are made from foods native to the New World . According to tradition , the Pilgrims learned how to grow these foods from the Native Americans . The Pilgrims were incredibly grateful for these new foods , which is where we get the name Thanksgiving . Today , Thanksgiving dinner is often a time where people reflect on all the things in their lives that they are thankful for . Thanksgiving dinner is the largest eating event in the United States ; most people eat more on Thanksgiving than on any other day of the year . ", "sentences": [ "The centerpiece of contemporary Thanksgiving in the United States and Canada is a large meal , generally with a large roasted turkey .", "It is served with a variety of side dishes such as mashed potatoes , stuffing and cranberry sauce .", "The majority of the dishes in the traditional American version of Thanksgiving dinner are made from foods native to the New World .", "According to tradition , the Pilgrims learned how to grow these foods from the Native Americans .", "The Pilgrims were incredibly grateful for these new foods , which is where we get the name Thanksgiving .", "Today , Thanksgiving dinner is often a time where people reflect on all the things in their lives that they are thankful for .", "Thanksgiving dinner is the largest eating event in the United States ; most people eat more on Thanksgiving than on any other day of the year ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Thanksgiving dinner are made from foods native to the New World, generally with a large roasted turkey. The Pilgrims learned how to grow these foods from the Native Americans and were incredibly grateful for these new foods, which is where we get the name Thanksgiving.", "selected_sentences": [ "The centerpiece of contemporary Thanksgiving in the United States and Canada is a large meal , generally with a large roasted turkey .", "The majority of the dishes in the traditional American version of Thanksgiving dinner are made from foods native to the New World .", "According to tradition , the Pilgrims learned how to grow these foods from the Native Americans .", "The Pilgrims were incredibly grateful for these new foods , which is where we get the name Thanksgiving ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Necessity is the mother of invention", "text": "The author of this proverb is unknown . This phrase was familiar in England , but in Latin , not in English . In 1519 , the headmaster of Winchester and Eton , William Horman , used the Latin phrase Mater artium necessitas in his book Vulgaria . In 1545 Roger Ascham used a close English version , Necessitie , the inuentour of all goodnesse , in his book Toxophilus . In 1608 , George Chapman , in his two - part play The Conspiracy and Tragedy of Charles , Duke of Byron , used a very similar phrase : The great Mother , Of all productions ( graue Necessity ) . But , the earliest actual usage of the proverb Necessity is the mother of invention is sometimes ascribed to Richard Franck , who used it in his book Northern Memoirs , calculated for the meridian of Scotland ( 1658 ) . Plato in book 2 of The Republic wrote `` Then , I said , let us begin and create in idea a State ; and yet the true creator is necessity , who is the mother of our invention . '' ", "sentences": [ "The author of this proverb is unknown .", "This phrase was familiar in England , but in Latin , not in English .", "In 1519 , the headmaster of Winchester and Eton , William Horman , used the Latin phrase Mater artium necessitas in his book Vulgaria .", "In 1545 Roger Ascham used a close English version , Necessitie , the inuentour of all goodnesse , in his book Toxophilus .", "In 1608 , George Chapman , in his two - part play The Conspiracy and Tragedy of Charles , Duke of Byron , used a very similar phrase : The great Mother , Of all productions ( graue Necessity ) .", "But , the earliest actual usage of the proverb Necessity is the mother of invention is sometimes ascribed to Richard Franck , who used it in his book Northern Memoirs , calculated for the meridian of Scotland ( 1658 ) .", "Plato in book 2 of The Republic wrote `` Then , I said , let us begin and create in idea a State ; and yet the true creator is necessity , who is the mother of our invention . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The author of this proverb is unknown. The earliest actual usage of the proverb Necessity is the mother of invention is sometimes ascribed to Richard Franck in his book Northern Memoirs (1658).", "selected_sentences": [ "The author of this proverb is unknown .", "But , the earliest actual usage of the proverb Necessity is the mother of invention is sometimes ascribed to Richard Franck , who used it in his book Northern Memoirs , calculated for the meridian of Scotland ( 1658 ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Eukaryote", "text": "Eukaryotes ( / juːˈkærioʊt , - ət / ) are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes , unlike prokaryotes ( Bacteria and Archaea ) . Eukaryotes belong to the domain Eukaryota or Eukarya . Their name comes from the Greek εὖ ( eu , `` well '' or `` true '' ) and κάρυον ( karyon , `` nut '' or `` kernel '' ) . Eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane - bound organelles such as mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus , and in addition , some cells of plants and algae contain chloroplasts . Unlike unicellular archaea and bacteria , eukaryotes may also be multicellular and include organisms consisting of many cell types forming different kinds of tissue . Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes . ", "sentences": [ "Eukaryotes ( / juːˈkærioʊt , - ət / ) are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes , unlike prokaryotes ( Bacteria and Archaea ) .", "Eukaryotes belong to the domain Eukaryota or Eukarya .", "Their name comes from the Greek εὖ ( eu , `` well '' or `` true '' ) and κάρυον ( karyon , `` nut '' or `` kernel '' ) .", "Eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane - bound organelles such as mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus , and in addition , some cells of plants and algae contain chloroplasts .", "Unlike unicellular archaea and bacteria , eukaryotes may also be multicellular and include organisms consisting of many cell types forming different kinds of tissue .", "Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes , unlike prokaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea. Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes .", "selected_sentences": [ "Eukaryotes ( / juːˈkærioʊt , - ət / ) are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes , unlike prokaryotes ( Bacteria and Archaea ) .", "Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes. Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes .", "selected_sentences": [ "Eukaryotes ( / juːˈkærioʊt , - ət / ) are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes , unlike prokaryotes ( Bacteria and Archaea ) .", "Animals and plants are the most familiar eukaryotes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Richard III (play)", "text": "At the Battle of Bosworth Field , Lord Stanley ( who is also Richmond 's stepfather ) and his followers desert Richard 's side , whereupon Richard calls for the execution of George Stanley , Lord Stanley 's son . This does not happen , as the battle is in full swing , and Richard is left at a disadvantage . Richard is soon unhorsed on the field at the climax of the battle , and cries out , `` A horse , a horse , my kingdom for a horse ! '' Richmond kills Richard in the final duel . Subsequently , Richmond succeeds to the throne as Henry VII , and marries Princess Elizabeth from the House of York . ", "sentences": [ "At the Battle of Bosworth Field , Lord Stanley ( who is also Richmond 's stepfather ) and his followers desert Richard 's side , whereupon Richard calls for the execution of George Stanley , Lord Stanley 's son .", "This does not happen , as the battle is in full swing , and Richard is left at a disadvantage .", "Richard is soon unhorsed on the field at the climax of the battle , and cries out , `` A horse , a horse , my kingdom for a horse ! ''", "Richmond kills Richard in the final duel .", "Subsequently , Richmond succeeds to the throne as Henry VII , and marries Princess Elizabeth from the House of York ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Richard is soon unhorsed on the field at the climax of the battle of Bosworth Field, and cries out , `` A horse , a horse, my kingdom for a horse ! ''", "selected_sentences": [ "At the Battle of Bosworth Field , Lord Stanley ( who is also Richmond 's stepfather ) and his followers desert Richard 's side , whereupon Richard calls for the execution of George Stanley , Lord Stanley 's son .", "Richard is soon unhorsed on the field at the climax of the battle , and cries out , `` A horse , a horse , my kingdom for a horse ! ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Richard III was the one who said \"A horse , a horse , my kingdom for a horse!\"", "selected_sentences": [ "Richard is soon unhorsed on the field at the climax of the battle , and cries out , `` A horse , a horse , my kingdom for a horse ! ''" ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Capital punishment in the United States", "text": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States , currently used by 30 states , the federal government , and the military . Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies . The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty . It is one of 54 countries worldwide applying it , and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution , which has since been adopted by five other countries . The Philippines has since abolished executions , and Guatemala has done so for civil offences , leaving the USA one of 4 countries to use this method , along with China , Thailand , and Vietnam . ", "sentences": [ "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States , currently used by 30 states , the federal government , and the military .", "Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies .", "The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty .", "It is one of 54 countries worldwide applying it , and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution , which has since been adopted by five other countries .", "The Philippines has since abolished executions , and Guatemala has done so for civil offences , leaving the USA one of 4 countries to use this method , along with China , Thailand , and Vietnam ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 30 states, the federal government, and the military. It has never been abolished in USA.", "selected_sentences": [ "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States , currently used by 30 states , the federal government , and the military .", "The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty .", "The Philippines has since abolished executions , and Guatemala has done so for civil offences , leaving the USA one of 4 countries to use this method , along with China , Thailand , and Vietnam ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Red vs. Blue", "text": "Red vs. Blue attracted interest immediately ; the first episode had 20,000 downloads within a day . Shortly after episode 2 , Bungie Studios contacted Rooster Teeth . Although the crew had feared that any contact would be to force an end to the project , Bungie enjoyed the videos and was supportive ; one staff member called the production `` kind of brilliant '' . A deal was arranged to ensure that the series could continue to use Bungie 's game properties without license fees . Red vs. Blue continued to attract more attention , and , by April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that weekly viewership was between 650,000 and 1,000,000 . In a 2006 interview , Strange Company founder Hugh Hancock called the series probably `` the most successful machinima productions ( sic ) '' and estimated that it was generating almost US $ 200,000 annually . Red vs. Blue content was also included with a premium `` Legendary '' edition of Halo 3 . ", "sentences": [ "Red vs. Blue attracted interest immediately ; the first episode had 20,000 downloads within a day .", "Shortly after episode 2 , Bungie Studios contacted Rooster Teeth .", "Although the crew had feared that any contact would be to force an end to the project , Bungie enjoyed the videos and was supportive ; one staff member called the production `` kind of brilliant '' .", "A deal was arranged to ensure that the series could continue to use Bungie 's game properties without license fees .", "Red vs. Blue continued to attract more attention , and , by April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that weekly viewership was between 650,000 and 1,000,000 .", "In a 2006 interview , Strange Company founder Hugh Hancock called the series probably `` the most successful machinima productions ( sic ) '' and estimated that it was generating almost US $ 200,000 annually .", "Red vs. Blue content was also included with a premium `` Legendary '' edition of Halo 3 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Red vs. Blue attracted interest immediately ; the first episode had 20,000 downloads within a day. Red vs. Blue continued to attract more attention , and , by April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that weekly viewership was between 650,000 and 1,000,000.", "selected_sentences": [ "Red vs. Blue attracted interest immediately ; the first episode had 20,000 downloads within a day .", "Red vs. Blue continued to attract more attention , and , by April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that weekly viewership was between 650,000 and 1,000,000 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "By April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that the viewing of Red vs. Blue reached between 650,000 and 1,000,000 views per week.", "selected_sentences": [ "Red vs. Blue continued to attract more attention , and , by April 2004 , Kevin J. Delaney of The Wall Street Journal estimated that weekly viewership was between 650,000 and 1,000,000 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Lynette Scavo", "text": "When Tom decides to book a luxurious holiday for the family and announces it Lynette is annoyed and consults Tom about why he did not consult her about it first ( since she already informed him a few weeks ago that she had already planned a trip ) . The two then pitch to the kids what they think is the best holiday which leads to yet another fight between them ; this time however they insult each other . Lynette calls Tom a `` Pompous Ass '' while Tom labels Lynette as a `` Raging Bitch '' leaving them to decide that it is only them who need to spend a holiday together . The holiday turns out badly and the relationship deteriorates and becomes extremely awkward . When they return home Tom leads Lynette to believe that he will be spending a while in an apartment near to his work offices . Before Lynette attends a street dinner party , Penny reveals to her that Tom had left her a note . Lynette is surprised and finds that Tom 's unpacked suitcase from the holiday is not in the bedroom , convincing her that Tom had left her . After revealing to Susan that she thought Tom had left her , Lynette walks into her house , finding Tom , chopping up salad ingredients . He tells Lynette that he had only gone to buy the ingredients . Lynette questions him why it had taken him two hours , leading Tom to reveal that he had left but came back when he considered that Lynette would have to lie about where Tom was to her friends at the dinner party . The two talk for a while and Lynette confesses that when she thought Tom had left , she felt relieved , leading the pair to finally decide to separate . ", "sentences": [ "When Tom decides to book a luxurious holiday for the family and announces it Lynette is annoyed and consults Tom about why he did not consult her about it first ( since she already informed him a few weeks ago that she had already planned a trip ) .", "The two then pitch to the kids what they think is the best holiday which leads to yet another fight between them ; this time however they insult each other .", "Lynette calls Tom a `` Pompous Ass '' while Tom labels Lynette as a `` Raging Bitch '' leaving them to decide that it is only them who need to spend a holiday together .", "The holiday turns out badly and the relationship deteriorates and becomes extremely awkward .", "When they return home Tom leads Lynette to believe that he will be spending a while in an apartment near to his work offices .", "Before Lynette attends a street dinner party , Penny reveals to her that Tom had left her a note .", "Lynette is surprised and finds that Tom 's unpacked suitcase from the holiday is not in the bedroom , convincing her that Tom had left her .", "After revealing to Susan that she thought Tom had left her , Lynette walks into her house , finding Tom , chopping up salad ingredients .", "He tells Lynette that he had only gone to buy the ingredients .", "Lynette questions him why it had taken him two hours , leading Tom to reveal that he had left but came back when he considered that Lynette would have to lie about where Tom was to her friends at the dinner party .", "The two talk for a while and Lynette confesses that when she thought Tom had left , she felt relieved , leading the pair to finally decide to separate ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The holiday turns out badly and the relationship deteriorates and becomes extremely awkward. The two talk for a while and Lynette confesses that when she thought Tom had left, she felt relieved, leading the pair to finally decide to separate.", "selected_sentences": [ "The holiday turns out badly and the relationship deteriorates and becomes extremely awkward .", "The two talk for a while and Lynette confesses that when she thought Tom had left , she felt relieved , leading the pair to finally decide to separate ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Stranger Things", "text": "The first season consisted of eight one - hour - long episodes which were released worldwide on Netflix on July 15 , 2016 , in Ultra HD 4K . The second season , consisting of nine episodes , was released on October 27 , 2017 in HDR . A teaser for the second season , which also announced the release date , aired during Super Bowl LI . The third season is expected to consist of eight episodes . It is not expected to be released until late 2018 or early 2019 . ", "sentences": [ "The first season consisted of eight one - hour - long episodes which were released worldwide on Netflix on July 15 , 2016 , in Ultra HD 4K .", "The second season , consisting of nine episodes , was released on October 27 , 2017 in HDR .", "A teaser for the second season , which also announced the release date , aired during Super Bowl LI .", "The third season is expected to consist of eight episodes .", "It is not expected to be released until late 2018 or early 2019 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The first season of Stranger Things consisted of eight one-hour-long episodes. The second season consisted of nine episodes and the third season is expected to consist of eight episodes.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first season consisted of eight one - hour - long episodes which were released worldwide on Netflix on July 15 , 2016 , in Ultra HD 4K .", "The second season , consisting of nine episodes , was released on October 27 , 2017 in HDR .", "The third season is expected to consist of eight episodes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The first season of Stranger Things consisted of eight episodes. The second season consisted of nine episodes and the third season is expected to have eight episodes.", "selected_sentences": [ "The first season consisted of eight one - hour - long episodes which were released worldwide on Netflix on July 15 , 2016 , in Ultra HD 4K .", "The second season , consisting of nine episodes , was released on October 27 , 2017 in HDR .", "The third season is expected to consist of eight episodes ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Tennis court", "text": "The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) governing body and are written down in the annual ' Rules of Tennis ' document . The court is 78 feet ( 23.77 metres ) long . Its width is 27 feet ( 8.23 metres ) for singles matches and 36 feet ( 10.97 metres ) for doubles matches . The service line is 21 feet ( 6.40 metres ) from the net . Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet ( 18 metres ) wide and 120 feet ( 37 metres ) long . A net is stretched across the full width of the court , parallel with the baselines , dividing it into two equal ends . The net is 3 feet 6 inches ( 1.07 metres ) high at the posts , and 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) high in the center . The net posts are 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) outside the doubles court on each side or , for a singles net , 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) outside the singles court on each side . ", "sentences": [ "The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) governing body and are written down in the annual ' Rules of Tennis ' document .", "The court is 78 feet ( 23.77 metres ) long .", "Its width is 27 feet ( 8.23 metres ) for singles matches and 36 feet ( 10.97 metres ) for doubles matches .", "The service line is 21 feet ( 6.40 metres ) from the net .", "Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet ( 18 metres ) wide and 120 feet ( 37 metres ) long .", "A net is stretched across the full width of the court , parallel with the baselines , dividing it into two equal ends .", "The net is 3 feet 6 inches ( 1.07 metres ) high at the posts , and 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) high in the center .", "The net posts are 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) outside the doubles court on each side or , for a singles net , 3 feet ( 0.91 metres ) outside the singles court on each side ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) governing body and are written down in the annual 'Rules of Tennis' document. The court is 78 feet long, 27 feet wide for singles matches and 36 feet for doubles. Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet wide and 120 feet long.", "selected_sentences": [ "The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) governing body and are written down in the annual ' Rules of Tennis ' document .", "The court is 78 feet ( 23.77 metres ) long .", "Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet ( 18 metres ) wide and 120 feet ( 37 metres ) long ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The court is 78 feet long and 27 feet wide for singles matches or 36 feet wide for doubles matches. Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet wide and 120 feet long.", "selected_sentences": [ "The court is 78 feet ( 23.77 metres ) long .", "Its width is 27 feet ( 8.23 metres ) for singles matches and 36 feet ( 10.97 metres ) for doubles matches .", "Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 feet ( 18 metres ) wide and 120 feet ( 37 metres ) long ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Skillet (band)", "text": "Skillet formed in 1996 with two members : John Cooper , former vocalist for Tennessee progressive rock band Seraph , and Ken Steorts , former guitarist for Urgent Cry . The two bands met through touring together , but those bands disbanded soon after , so John and Ken 's pastor encouraged them to form their own band as a side - project . Coming from different styles of rock music , they decided to name the experiment Skillet . After , Trey McClurkin joined the band as a temporary drummer . Skillet was only together for a month when they received interest from major Christian record label ForeFront Records . In 1996 they released a self - titled debut Skillet . It was well - received , and the trio continued to write new material as they toured the United States . One topic that comes up often among fans and the band itself , is the name ' Skillet ' . John Cooper , the lead vocalist , explains that it was a joke at first . Each starting band member was already in a separate band , and all decided to start a side project . Since each other band had a different sound and style to it , the side project was said to be like putting all of those styles in a big skillet to come up with something unique , hence the band name ' Skillet ' . The band name is still somewhat of a joke between the band members , especially Cooper , who claims to still not like the title . ", "sentences": [ "Skillet formed in 1996 with two members : John Cooper , former vocalist for Tennessee progressive rock band Seraph , and Ken Steorts , former guitarist for Urgent Cry .", "The two bands met through touring together , but those bands disbanded soon after , so John and Ken 's pastor encouraged them to form their own band as a side - project .", "Coming from different styles of rock music , they decided to name the experiment Skillet .", "After , Trey McClurkin joined the band as a temporary drummer .", "Skillet was only together for a month when they received interest from major Christian record label ForeFront Records .", "In 1996 they released a self - titled debut Skillet .", "It was well - received , and the trio continued to write new material as they toured the United States .", "One topic that comes up often among fans and the band itself , is the name ' Skillet ' .", "John Cooper , the lead vocalist , explains that it was a joke at first .", "Each starting band member was already in a separate band , and all decided to start a side project .", "Since each other band had a different sound and style to it , the side project was said to be like putting all of those styles in a big skillet to come up with something unique , hence the band name ' Skillet ' .", "The band name is still somewhat of a joke between the band members , especially Cooper , who claims to still not like the title ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "John Cooper, the lead vocalist, explains that it was a joke at first. Since each other band had a different sound and style to it, the side project was said to be like putting all of those styles in a big skillet to come up with something unique, hence the band name ' Skillet '.", "selected_sentences": [ "Coming from different styles of rock music , they decided to name the experiment Skillet .", "John Cooper , the lead vocalist , explains that it was a joke at first .", "Since each other band had a different sound and style to it , the side project was said to be like putting all of those styles in a big skillet to come up with something unique , hence the band name ' Skillet ' ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "New England Patriots strategy", "text": "The Patriots run a modified `` Ron Erhardt - Ray Perkins '' offensive system installed by Charlie Weis under Bill Belichick . Both Ron Erhardt and Ray Perkins served as offensive assistant coaches under the defensive minded Chuck Fairbanks while he was head coach of the Patriots in the 1970s . This system is noted for its multiple formation and personnel grouping variations on a core number of base plays . Under this system , each formation and each play are separately numbered . Additional word descriptions further modify each play ( see below for examples ) . ", "sentences": [ "The Patriots run a modified `` Ron Erhardt - Ray Perkins '' offensive system installed by Charlie Weis under Bill Belichick .", "Both Ron Erhardt and Ray Perkins served as offensive assistant coaches under the defensive minded Chuck Fairbanks while he was head coach of the Patriots in the 1970s .", "This system is noted for its multiple formation and personnel grouping variations on a core number of base plays .", "Under this system , each formation and each play are separately numbered .", "Additional word descriptions further modify each play ( see below for examples ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Patriots run a modified `` Ron Erhardt - Ray Perkins '' offensive system; this system is noted for its multiple formation and personnel grouping variations on a core number of base plays.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Patriots run a modified `` Ron Erhardt - Ray Perkins '' offensive system installed by Charlie Weis under Bill Belichick .", "This system is noted for its multiple formation and personnel grouping variations on a core number of base plays ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Account planning", "text": "Account planning is an advertising agency department and works alongside client facing managers ( account management ) , buying advertising ( media ) , and creating advertising ( creative ) . Around the 1980s US ad agencies introduced a new discipline from the UK called account planning which became a primary function in most US ad agencies in the 90s . ' Account planners have often been called ' the left side of a creative brain ' . Their primary function is to find consumer truth and insight that helps the creative teams create work that is not only entertaining and highly memorable but also relevant to the consumer and effective in the marketplace . Creative ideas that drive business are more typically the result of a strong collaboration between creative teams and account planners . Account planners ( sometimes also called brand planners and strategic planners ) use primary and secondary research to inform their strategic thinking and are ultimately responsible for the work that informs , and the penning of , the creative brief . If the creatives are closest to the idea , and the account manager is closest to the client , the account planner is closest to the consumer . The account planner is the person on an advertising team who is most likely to have spent time with consumers ( for B to C ) or customers ( B to B ) , observing the consumer 's path to purchase , by using research such as ethnographies , focus groups or quantitative / social studies , asking consumers how they think about and use the product or service . And in an era in which the brand is at least as important as a specific product ( for instance , Nike as a brand has a place in the culture that far exceeds the particular performance characteristics of their shoes ) , the account planner is responsible for understanding the place of the brand in the consumer 's mind . This is not just a simple research function - planning truly begins when research ends - and account planners stay engaged in the campaign process from the initial client briefing and throughout the advertising cycle . Rather than offering research insights to others at a single point in time , they use research to continue to provide insights into the campaign process and most importantly these days , help track advertising effectiveness . Whereas previously , account planners focused on the use of traditional primary research tools , digital / social networks have given them the ability to listen to and interact with consumers in new ways and to work more closely with channel or media planners throughout the process closely also , to not only help plan effective advertising but also engage with consumers in the most effective ways . ", "sentences": [ "Account planning is an advertising agency department and works alongside client facing managers ( account management ) , buying advertising ( media ) , and creating advertising ( creative ) .", "Around the 1980s US ad agencies introduced a new discipline from the UK called account planning which became a primary function in most US ad agencies in the 90s . '", "Account planners have often been called ' the left side of a creative brain ' .", "Their primary function is to find consumer truth and insight that helps the creative teams create work that is not only entertaining and highly memorable but also relevant to the consumer and effective in the marketplace .", "Creative ideas that drive business are more typically the result of a strong collaboration between creative teams and account planners .", "Account planners ( sometimes also called brand planners and strategic planners ) use primary and secondary research to inform their strategic thinking and are ultimately responsible for the work that informs , and the penning of , the creative brief .", "If the creatives are closest to the idea , and the account manager is closest to the client , the account planner is closest to the consumer .", "The account planner is the person on an advertising team who is most likely to have spent time with consumers ( for B to C ) or customers ( B to B ) , observing the consumer 's path to purchase , by using research such as ethnographies , focus groups or quantitative / social studies , asking consumers how they think about and use the product or service .", "And in an era in which the brand is at least as important as a specific product ( for instance , Nike as a brand has a place in the culture that far exceeds the particular performance characteristics of their shoes ) , the account planner is responsible for understanding the place of the brand in the consumer 's mind .", "This is not just a simple research function - planning truly begins when research ends - and account planners stay engaged in the campaign process from the initial client briefing and throughout the advertising cycle .", "Rather than offering research insights to others at a single point in time , they use research to continue to provide insights into the campaign process and most importantly these days , help track advertising effectiveness .", "Whereas previously , account planners focused on the use of traditional primary research tools , digital / social networks have given them the ability to listen to and interact with consumers in new ways and to work more closely with channel or media planners throughout the process closely also , to not only help plan effective advertising but also engage with consumers in the most effective ways ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Account planners' primary function is to find consumer truth and insight that helps the creative teams create work that is not only entertaining and highly memorable but also relevant to the consumer and effective in the marketplace. They inform their strategic thinking and are ultimately responsible for the work that informs, and the penning of, the creative brief.", "selected_sentences": [ "Their primary function is to find consumer truth and insight that helps the creative teams create work that is not only entertaining and highly memorable but also relevant to the consumer and effective in the marketplace .", "Account planners ( sometimes also called brand planners and strategic planners ) use primary and secondary research to inform their strategic thinking and are ultimately responsible for the work that informs , and the penning of , the creative brief ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Economy of French Guiana", "text": "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports . Besides the French space center at Kourou , fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities . The large reserves of tropical hardwoods , not fully exploited , support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export . Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area , where the population is largely concentrated ; rice and manioc are the major crops . French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy . Unemployment is a serious problem , particularly among younger workers . ", "sentences": [ "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports .", "Besides the French space center at Kourou , fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities .", "The large reserves of tropical hardwoods , not fully exploited , support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export .", "Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area , where the population is largely concentrated ; rice and manioc are the major crops .", "French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy .", "Unemployment is a serious problem , particularly among younger workers ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports .Besides the French space center at Kourou , fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities . The large reserves of tropical hardwoods , not fully exploited , support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export . French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy .", "selected_sentences": [ "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports .", "Besides the French space center at Kourou , fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities .", "The large reserves of tropical hardwoods , not fully exploited , support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export .", "French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports. The fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy.", "selected_sentences": [ "The economy of French Guiana is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports .", "Besides the French space center at Kourou , fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities .", "The large reserves of tropical hardwoods , not fully exploited , support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export .", "French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "King Arthur: Legend of the Sword", "text": "Filming in Windsor Great Park was underway in February 2015 , then later in North Wales from 2 March 2015 . Later on 10 March 2015 , Ritchie tweeted a photo and confirmed the first day of shooting . In April 2015 , filming took place in Snowdonia , where locations used were Tryfan , Nant Gwynant near Beddgelert and Capel Curig . Early in July filming continued in the Shieldaig , Loch Torridon and Applecross areas of Wester Ross in the Scottish Highlands . One day of filming also took place at The Quiraing on the Isle of Skye . Filming also took place at Warner Bros. Studios , Leavesden . ", "sentences": [ "Filming in Windsor Great Park was underway in February 2015 , then later in North Wales from 2 March 2015 .", "Later on 10 March 2015 , Ritchie tweeted a photo and confirmed the first day of shooting .", "In April 2015 , filming took place in Snowdonia , where locations used were Tryfan , Nant Gwynant near Beddgelert and Capel Curig .", "Early in July filming continued in the Shieldaig , Loch Torridon and Applecross areas of Wester Ross in the Scottish Highlands .", "One day of filming also took place at The Quiraing on the Isle of Skye .", "Filming also took place at Warner Bros.", "Studios , Leavesden ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The new movie king arthur was filmed in Windsor Great Park, North Wales, Snowdonia (where locations used were Tryfan , Nant Gwynant near Beddgelert and Capel Curig), in the Shieldaig , Loch Torridon and Applecross areas of Wester Ross in the Scottish Highlands and at The Quiraing on the Isle of Skye. Filming also took place at Warner Bros. Studios , Leavesden.", "selected_sentences": [ "Filming in Windsor Great Park was underway in February 2015 , then later in North Wales from 2 March 2015 .", "In April 2015 , filming took place in Snowdonia , where locations used were Tryfan , Nant Gwynant near Beddgelert and Capel Curig .", "One day of filming also took place at The Quiraing on the Isle of Skye .", "Filming also took place at Warner Bros.", "Studios , Leavesden ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "That Summer (song)", "text": "`` That Summer started out as a single guy and a married woman meeting at a party . The married woman being ignored by whom she was with , and they snuck off together . Allen Reynolds told me , `` Man , I just do n't find myself pulling for these characters . It does n't seem innocently cool . '' I was thinking that he was right . Going home that night in the truck I started singing she has a need to feel the thunder . Sandy started helping me write the chorus and we got the chorus done . Probably one of the neat things that I love about That Summer is that I think the song is very sexy . '' ", "sentences": [ "`` That Summer started out as a single guy and a married woman meeting at a party .", "The married woman being ignored by whom she was with , and they snuck off together .", "Allen Reynolds told me , `` Man , I just do n't find myself pulling for these characters .", "It does n't seem innocently cool . ''", "I was thinking that he was right .", "Going home that night in the truck I started singing she has a need to feel the thunder .", "Sandy started helping me write the chorus and we got the chorus done .", "Probably one of the neat things that I love about That Summer is that I think the song is very sexy . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Going home that night in the truck I started singing she has a need to feel the thunder: `` That Summer started out as a single guy and a married woman meeting at a party. The married woman being ignored by whom she was with, and they snuck off together.", "selected_sentences": [ "`` That Summer started out as a single guy and a married woman meeting at a party .", "The married woman being ignored by whom she was with , and they snuck off together .", "Going home that night in the truck I started singing she has a need to feel the thunder ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Red blood cell distribution width", "text": "Red blood cell distribution width ( RDW or RDW - CV or RCDW and RDW - SD ) is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell ( RBC ) volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count . Usually red blood cells are a standard size of about 6 - 8 μm in diameter . Certain disorders , however , cause a significant variation in cell size . Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in size . Normal reference range of RDW - CV in human red blood cells is 11.5 - 14.5 % . If anemia is observed , RDW test results are often used together with mean corpuscular volume ( MCV ) results to determine the possible causes of the anemia . It is mainly used to differentiate an anemia of mixed causes from an anemia of a single cause . ", "sentences": [ "Red blood cell distribution width ( RDW or RDW - CV or RCDW and RDW - SD ) is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell ( RBC ) volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count .", "Usually red blood cells are a standard size of about 6 - 8 μm in diameter .", "Certain disorders , however , cause a significant variation in cell size .", "Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in size .", "Normal reference range of RDW - CV in human red blood cells is 11.5 - 14.5 % .", "If anemia is observed , RDW test results are often used together with mean corpuscular volume ( MCV ) results to determine the possible causes of the anemia .", "It is mainly used to differentiate an anemia of mixed causes from an anemia of a single cause ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Red blood cell distribution width (RDW or RDW - CV or RCDW and RDW - SD) is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell (RBC) volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count. Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in size.", "selected_sentences": [ "Red blood cell distribution width ( RDW or RDW - CV or RCDW and RDW - SD ) is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell ( RBC ) volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count .", "Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in size ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "RDW, or red blood cell distribution width, is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count. Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in cell size.", "selected_sentences": [ "Red blood cell distribution width ( RDW or RDW - CV or RCDW and RDW - SD ) is a measure of the range of variation of red blood cell ( RBC ) volume that is reported as part of a standard complete blood count .", "Certain disorders , however , cause a significant variation in cell size .", "Higher RDW values indicate greater variation in size ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "NBA Conference Finals", "text": "The National Basketball Association Conference Finals are the Eastern and Western championship series of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , a major professional basketball league in North America . The NBA was founded in 1946 as the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . The NBA adopted its current name at the start of the 1949 -- 50 season when the BAA merged with the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . The league currently consists of 30 teams , of which 29 are located in the United States and 1 in Canada . Each team plays 82 games in the regular season . After the regular season , eight teams from each of the league 's two conferences qualify for the playoffs . At the end of the playoffs , the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals , to determine the Conference Champions from each side , who then proceed to play in the NBA Finals . ", "sentences": [ "The National Basketball Association Conference Finals are the Eastern and Western championship series of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , a major professional basketball league in North America .", "The NBA was founded in 1946 as the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) .", "The NBA adopted its current name at the start of the 1949 -- 50 season when the BAA merged with the National Basketball League ( NBL ) .", "The league currently consists of 30 teams , of which 29 are located in the United States and 1 in Canada .", "Each team plays 82 games in the regular season .", "After the regular season , eight teams from each of the league 's two conferences qualify for the playoffs .", "At the end of the playoffs , the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals , to determine the Conference Champions from each side , who then proceed to play in the NBA Finals ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The National Basketball Association Conference Finals are the Eastern and Western championship series of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . At the end of the playoffs , the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals , to determine the Conference Champions from each side , who then proceed to play in the NBA Finals.", "selected_sentences": [ "The National Basketball Association Conference Finals are the Eastern and Western championship series of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , a major professional basketball league in North America .", "At the end of the playoffs , the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals , to determine the Conference Champions from each side , who then proceed to play in the NBA Finals ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Eight teams from each of the league 's two conferences qualify for the playoffs, at the the end of which, the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals. The champion from each conference then proceed to play in the NBA Finals.", "selected_sentences": [ "After the regular season , eight teams from each of the league 's two conferences qualify for the playoffs .", "At the end of the playoffs , the top two teams play each other in the Conference Finals , to determine the Conference Champions from each side , who then proceed to play in the NBA Finals ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "The Delivery (The Office)", "text": "The series -- presented as if it were a real documentary -- depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania , branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In this episode , Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital , irritating Jim . The office tries to distract her with food and entertainment . She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter , Cecelia Marie Halpert . Meanwhile , Michael , inspired by the success of Pam and Jim 's relationship , sets up Erin with Kevin . Dwight , sent over to find Pam 's iPod , discovers mold in Pam and Jim 's house and remodels their entire kitchen , and also considers entering a pre-natal contract with ex-girlfriend Angela , for he feels he needs a baby for business reasons . ", "sentences": [ "The series -- presented as if it were a real documentary -- depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania , branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company .", "In this episode , Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital , irritating Jim .", "The office tries to distract her with food and entertainment .", "She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter , Cecelia Marie Halpert .", "Meanwhile , Michael , inspired by the success of Pam and Jim 's relationship , sets up Erin with Kevin .", "Dwight , sent over to find Pam 's iPod , discovers mold in Pam and Jim 's house and remodels their entire kitchen , and also considers entering a pre-natal contract with ex-girlfriend Angela , for he feels he needs a baby for business reasons ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital, irritating Jim. She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter.", "selected_sentences": [ "In this episode , Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital , irritating Jim .", "She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter , Cecelia Marie Halpert ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "On the episode \"The Delivery,\" Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital, irritating Jim. She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter.", "selected_sentences": [ "In this episode , Pam starts having contractions but insists on waiting till midnight to go to the hospital in order to get an extra night at the hospital , irritating Jim .", "She eventually goes to the hospital and gives birth to a daughter , Cecelia Marie Halpert ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Mesoamerican ballgame", "text": "The Mesoamerican ballgame is known by a wide variety of names . In English , is it often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) . This term originates from a 1932 article by Danish archaeologist Frans Blom , who adapted it from the Yucatec Maya word pokolpok . In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli ( ( oːlːamaˈlistɬi ) ) or tlachtli ( ( ˈtɬatʃtɬi ) ) . In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz . In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya ( `` the Maya ballgame '' ) , el juego de pelota mesoamericano ( `` the Mesoamerican ballgame '' ) , or simply pelota maya ( `` Maya ball '' ) . ", "sentences": [ "The Mesoamerican ballgame is known by a wide variety of names .", "In English , is it often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) .", "This term originates from a 1932 article by Danish archaeologist Frans Blom , who adapted it from the Yucatec Maya word pokolpok .", "In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli ( ( oːlːamaˈlistɬi ) ) or tlachtli ( ( ˈtɬatʃtɬi ) ) .", "In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz .", "In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya ( `` the Maya ballgame '' ) , el juego de pelota mesoamericano ( `` the Mesoamerican ballgame '' ) , or simply pelota maya ( `` Maya ball '' ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In English , is it often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) . In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli ( ( oːlːamaˈlistɬi ) ) or tlachtli ( ( ˈtɬatʃtɬi ) ) . In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz . In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya ( `` the Maya ballgame '' ) , el juego de pelota mesoamericano ( `` the Mesoamerican ballgame '' ) , or simply pelota maya ( `` Maya ball '' ) .", "selected_sentences": [ "In English , is it often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) .", "In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli ( ( oːlːamaˈlistɬi ) ) or tlachtli ( ( ˈtɬatʃtɬi ) ) .", "In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz .", "In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya ( `` the Maya ballgame '' ) , el juego de pelota mesoamericano ( `` the Mesoamerican ballgame '' ) , or simply pelota maya ( `` Maya ball '' ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "In English , the Mesoamerican ballgame is often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) . In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli or tlachtli. In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz . In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya, el juego de pelota mesoamericano, or simply pelota maya.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Mesoamerican ballgame is known by a wide variety of names .", "In English , is it often called pok - ta - pok ( or pok - a-tok ) .", "In Nahuatl , the language of the Aztecs , it was called ōllamaliztli ( ( oːlːamaˈlistɬi ) ) or tlachtli ( ( ˈtɬatʃtɬi ) ) .", "In Classical Maya , it was known as pitz .", "In modern Spanish , it is called el juego de pelota maya ( `` the Maya ballgame '' ) , el juego de pelota mesoamericano ( `` the Mesoamerican ballgame '' ) , or simply pelota maya ( `` Maya ball '' ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Female reproductive system", "text": "The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring . In the human the female reproductive system is immature at birth and develops to maturity at puberty to be able to produce gametes , and to carry a fetus to full term . The internal sex organs are the uterus , Fallopian tubes , and ovaries . The uterus or womb accommodates the embryo which develops into the fetus . The uterus also produces vaginal and uterine secretions which help the transit of sperm to the Fallopian tubes . The ovaries produce the ova ( egg cells ) . The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia , clitoris , and vaginal opening . The vagina is connected to the uterus at the cervix . ", "sentences": [ "The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring .", "In the human the female reproductive system is immature at birth and develops to maturity at puberty to be able to produce gametes , and to carry a fetus to full term .", "The internal sex organs are the uterus , Fallopian tubes , and ovaries .", "The uterus or womb accommodates the embryo which develops into the fetus .", "The uterus also produces vaginal and uterine secretions which help the transit of sperm to the Fallopian tubes .", "The ovaries produce the ova ( egg cells ) .", "The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia , clitoris , and vaginal opening .", "The vagina is connected to the uterus at the cervix ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs. The internal sex organs are the uterus , Fallopian tubes , and ovaries. The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia , clitoris , and vaginal opening. The vagina is connected to the uterus at the cervix.", "selected_sentences": [ "The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring .", "The internal sex organs are the uterus , Fallopian tubes , and ovaries .", "The external sex organs are also known as the genitals and these are the organs of the vulva including the labia , clitoris , and vaginal opening .", "The vagina is connected to the uterus at the cervix ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hawaii", "text": "Hawaii ( English : / həˈwaɪ. i , - ji , - ʔi / ( listen ) hə - WY - ( y ) ee ; Hawaiian : Hawai ʻi ( həˈvɐjʔi ) ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America , having received statehood on August 21 , 1959 . Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands . It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean . Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America . ", "sentences": [ "Hawaii ( English : / həˈwaɪ.", "i , - ji , - ʔi / ( listen ) hə - WY - ( y ) ee ; Hawaiian : Hawai ʻi ( həˈvɐjʔi ) ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America , having received statehood on August 21 , 1959 .", "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands .", "It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean .", "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands. Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America.", "selected_sentences": [ "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands .", "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Hawaii is located outside North America in Oceania. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean.", "selected_sentences": [ "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands .", "It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean .", "Hawaii is the only U.S. state located outside North America ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Belle Black", "text": "Belle Black is a fictional character from Days of Our Lives , an American soap opera on the NBC network . Created by head writer , James E. Reilly , she was born on October 21 , 1993 , as the only child of supercouple , John Black and Marlena Evans . She is also one half of the supercouple , Shawn Brady and Belle Black . Belle was rapidly aged to a teen when Kirsten Storms was hired to portray the character from August 5 , 1999 , to July 16 , 2004 . Charity Rahmer briefly played the role from July 19 to August 9 , 2004 . Martha Madison appeared in the role from August 10 , 2004 , to March 21 , 2008 . In June 2015 , Madison confirmed she would reprise the role of Belle in November , as part of the show 's fiftieth anniversary celebration . In March 2016 , it was revealed that Madison was among four actors who been let go from the soap . However , on September 7 , 2016 , it was confirmed that Madison had been re-hired shortly following her firing and would remain on the soap indefinitely . Madison returned on January 24 , 2017 . ", "sentences": [ "Belle Black is a fictional character from Days of Our Lives , an American soap opera on the NBC network .", "Created by head writer , James E. Reilly , she was born on October 21 , 1993 , as the only child of supercouple , John Black and Marlena Evans .", "She is also one half of the supercouple , Shawn Brady and Belle Black .", "Belle was rapidly aged to a teen when Kirsten Storms was hired to portray the character from August 5 , 1999 , to July 16 , 2004 .", "Charity Rahmer briefly played the role from July 19 to August 9 , 2004 .", "Martha Madison appeared in the role from August 10 , 2004 , to March 21 , 2008 .", "In June 2015 , Madison confirmed she would reprise the role of Belle in November , as part of the show 's fiftieth anniversary celebration .", "In March 2016 , it was revealed that Madison was among four actors who been let go from the soap .", "However , on September 7 , 2016 , it was confirmed that Madison had been re-hired shortly following her firing and would remain on the soap indefinitely .", "Madison returned on January 24 , 2017 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The role of Belle was played by Kirsten Storms from August 5, 1999, to July 16, 2004, then by Charity Rahmer who briefly played the role from July 19 to August 9, 2004. Martha Madison appeared in the role thereafter.", "selected_sentences": [ "Belle was rapidly aged to a teen when Kirsten Storms was hired to portray the character from August 5 , 1999 , to July 16 , 2004 .", "Charity Rahmer briefly played the role from July 19 to August 9 , 2004 .", "Martha Madison appeared in the role from August 10 , 2004 , to March 21 , 2008 .", "Madison returned on January 24 , 2017 ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "List of Haunted Mansion characters", "text": "Madame Leota appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball . She is the spirit of a psychic medium , conducting an otherworldly séance in an attempt to summon spirits and assist them in materializing . Her ghostly head appears on a table in the middle of her dark chamber , from which she speaks her incantations . Musical instruments and furniture levitate and make noises in response . She was played by Leota Toombs ( face ) and Eleanor Audley ( voice ) . Before Toombs was chosen for the face of the medium in the crystal ball , Imagineer Harriet Burns was tested for the part . Toombs also played the Ghost Hostess who appears at the end of the attraction . ", "sentences": [ "Madame Leota appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball .", "She is the spirit of a psychic medium , conducting an otherworldly séance in an attempt to summon spirits and assist them in materializing .", "Her ghostly head appears on a table in the middle of her dark chamber , from which she speaks her incantations .", "Musical instruments and furniture levitate and make noises in response .", "She was played by Leota Toombs ( face ) and Eleanor Audley ( voice ) .", "Before Toombs was chosen for the face of the medium in the crystal ball , Imagineer Harriet Burns was tested for the part .", "Toombs also played the Ghost Hostess who appears at the end of the attraction ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Madame Leota appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball. Her ghostly head appears on a table in the middle of her dark chamber, from which she speaks her incantations. She was played by Leota Toombs (face) and Eleanor Audley (voice).", "selected_sentences": [ "Madame Leota appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball .", "Her ghostly head appears on a table in the middle of her dark chamber , from which she speaks her incantations .", "She was played by Leota Toombs ( face ) and Eleanor Audley ( voice ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Madame Leota, played by Leota Toombs ( face ) and Eleanor Audley ( voice ), appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball .", "selected_sentences": [ "Madame Leota appears in the ride as a head encased within a crystal ball .", "She was played by Leota Toombs ( face ) and Eleanor Audley ( voice ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Flag of Ireland", "text": "The green pale of the flag symbolises Roman Catholics , the orange represents the minority Protestants who were supporters of William of Orange , who had defeated King James II and his predominantly Irish Catholic army at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 . His title came from the Principality of Orange in the south of France that had been a Protestant bastion from the 16th century . It was included in the Irish flag in an attempt to reconcile the Orange Order in Ireland with the Irish independence movement . The white in the centre signifies a lasting peace and hope for union between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland . The flag , as a whole , is intended to symbolise the inclusion and hoped - for union of the people of different traditions on the island of Ireland , which is expressed in the Constitution as the entitlement of every person born in Ireland to be part of the independent Irish nation , regardless of ethnic origin , religion or political conviction . There are exceptions to the general beneficent theory . Green was also used as the colour of such Irish bodies as the mainly - Protestant and non-sectarian Friendly Brothers of St. Patrick , established in 1751 . ", "sentences": [ "The green pale of the flag symbolises Roman Catholics , the orange represents the minority Protestants who were supporters of William of Orange , who had defeated King James II and his predominantly Irish Catholic army at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 .", "His title came from the Principality of Orange in the south of France that had been a Protestant bastion from the 16th century .", "It was included in the Irish flag in an attempt to reconcile the Orange Order in Ireland with the Irish independence movement .", "The white in the centre signifies a lasting peace and hope for union between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland .", "The flag , as a whole , is intended to symbolise the inclusion and hoped - for union of the people of different traditions on the island of Ireland , which is expressed in the Constitution as the entitlement of every person born in Ireland to be part of the independent Irish nation , regardless of ethnic origin , religion or political conviction .", "There are exceptions to the general beneficent theory .", "Green was also used as the colour of such Irish bodies as the mainly - Protestant and non-sectarian Friendly Brothers of St. Patrick , established in 1751 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The green pale of the flag symbolizes Roman Catholics , the orange represents the minority Protestants who were supporters of William of Orange, who had defeated King James II and his predominantly Irish Catholic army at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The white in the center signifies a lasting peace and hope for union between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland.", "selected_sentences": [ "The green pale of the flag symbolises Roman Catholics , the orange represents the minority Protestants who were supporters of William of Orange , who had defeated King James II and his predominantly Irish Catholic army at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 .", "The white in the centre signifies a lasting peace and hope for union between Protestants and Catholics in Ireland ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Indian Railways", "text": "Indian Railways ( reporting mark IR ) is a State owned national transporter , responsible for rail transport in India . It is owned and operated by the Government of India through the Ministry of Railways . It is the third largest railway network in the world comprising 119,630 kilometres ( 74,330 mi ) of total track and 92,081 km ( 57,216 mi ) of running track over a route of 66,687 km ( 41,437 mi ) with 7,216 stations at the end of 2015 - 16 . In 2015 - 16 , IR carried 8.107 billion passengers annually or more than 22 million passengers a day and 1.101 billion tons of freight annually . As of the end of 2015 - 16 , of the total 68,525 km ( 42,579 mi ) route length , 28,327 km ( 17,602 mi ) or 45 % were electrified and 28,371 km ( 17,629 mi ) or 37 % were double or multiple line routes . The railway network is predominantly a broad gauge network . Small stretches of the network use metre and narrow gauges . All the electrified lines use 25 kV AC electric traction . ", "sentences": [ "Indian Railways ( reporting mark IR ) is a State owned national transporter , responsible for rail transport in India .", "It is owned and operated by the Government of India through the Ministry of Railways .", "It is the third largest railway network in the world comprising 119,630 kilometres ( 74,330 mi ) of total track and 92,081 km ( 57,216 mi ) of running track over a route of 66,687 km ( 41,437 mi ) with 7,216 stations at the end of 2015 - 16 .", "In 2015 - 16 , IR carried 8.107 billion passengers annually or more than 22 million passengers a day and 1.101 billion tons of freight annually .", "As of the end of 2015 - 16 , of the total 68,525 km ( 42,579 mi ) route length , 28,327 km ( 17,602 mi ) or 45 % were electrified and 28,371 km ( 17,629 mi ) or 37 % were double or multiple line routes .", "The railway network is predominantly a broad gauge network .", "Small stretches of the network use metre and narrow gauges .", "All the electrified lines use 25 kV AC electric traction ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In 2015 - 16, Indian Railways carried 8.107 billion passengers annually or more than 22 million passengers a day.", "selected_sentences": [ "Indian Railways ( reporting mark IR ) is a State owned national transporter , responsible for rail transport in India .", "In 2015 - 16 , IR carried 8.107 billion passengers annually or more than 22 million passengers a day and 1.101 billion tons of freight annually ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sociology", "text": "The word sociology ( or `` sociologie '' ) is derived from both Latin and Greek origins . The Latin word : socius , `` companion '' ; the suffix - logy , `` the study of '' from Greek - λογία from λόγος , lógos , `` word '' , `` knowledge '' . It was first coined in 1780 by the French essayist Emmanuel - Joseph Sieyès ( 1748 -- 1836 ) in an unpublished manuscript . Sociology was later defined independently by the French philosopher of science , Auguste Comte ( 1798 -- 1857 ) , in 1838 . Comte used this term to describe a new way of looking at society . Comte had earlier used the term `` social physics '' , but that had subsequently been appropriated by others , most notably the Belgian statistician Adolphe Quetelet . Comte endeavoured to unify history , psychology and economics through the scientific understanding of the social realm . Writing shortly after the malaise of the French Revolution , he proposed that social ills could be remedied through sociological positivism , an epistemological approach outlined in The Course in Positive Philosophy ( 1830 -- 1842 ) and A General View of Positivism ( 1848 ) . Comte believed a positivist stage would mark the final era , after conjectural theological and metaphysical phases , in the progression of human understanding . In observing the circular dependence of theory and observation in science , and having classified the sciences , Comte may be regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term . Auguste ", "sentences": [ "The word sociology ( or `` sociologie '' ) is derived from both Latin and Greek origins .", "The Latin word : socius , `` companion '' ; the suffix - logy , `` the study of '' from Greek - λογία from λόγος , lógos , `` word '' , `` knowledge '' .", "It was first coined in 1780 by the French essayist Emmanuel - Joseph Sieyès ( 1748 -- 1836 ) in an unpublished manuscript .", "Sociology was later defined independently by the French philosopher of science , Auguste Comte ( 1798 -- 1857 ) , in 1838 .", "Comte used this term to describe a new way of looking at society .", "Comte had earlier used the term `` social physics '' , but that had subsequently been appropriated by others , most notably the Belgian statistician Adolphe Quetelet .", "Comte endeavoured to unify history , psychology and economics through the scientific understanding of the social realm .", "Writing shortly after the malaise of the French Revolution , he proposed that social ills could be remedied through sociological positivism , an epistemological approach outlined in The Course in Positive Philosophy ( 1830 -- 1842 ) and A General View of Positivism ( 1848 ) .", "Comte believed a positivist stage would mark the final era , after conjectural theological and metaphysical phases , in the progression of human understanding .", "In observing the circular dependence of theory and observation in science , and having classified the sciences , Comte may be regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term .", "Auguste" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "It was first coined in 1780 by the French essayist Emmanuel - Joseph Sieyès (1748 -- 1836) in an unpublished manuscript. Sociology was later defined independently by the French philosopher of science, Auguste Comte (1798 -- 1857) who endeavored to unify history, psychology and economics through the scientific understanding of the social realm.", "selected_sentences": [ "It was first coined in 1780 by the French essayist Emmanuel - Joseph Sieyès ( 1748 -- 1836 ) in an unpublished manuscript .", "Sociology was later defined independently by the French philosopher of science , Auguste Comte ( 1798 -- 1857 ) , in 1838 .", "Comte endeavoured to unify history , psychology and economics through the scientific understanding of the social realm ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Acetylcholine", "text": "At a schematic level , the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are both organized in essentially the same way : preganglionic neurons in the central nervous system send projections to neurons located in autonomic ganglia ; these neurons then send output projections to virtually every tissue of the body . In both branches the internal connections -- the projections from the central nervous system to the autonomic ganglia -- use acetylcholine as neurotransmitter , and the receptors it activates are of the nicotinic type . In the parasympathetic nervous system the output connections -- the projections from ganglion neurons to tissues that do n't belong to the nervous system -- also release acetylcholine , acting on muscarinic receptors . In the sympathetic nervous system the output connections mainly release noradrenaline , although acetylcholine is released at a few points , such as the sudomotor innervation of the sweat glands . Direct ", "sentences": [ "At a schematic level , the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are both organized in essentially the same way : preganglionic neurons in the central nervous system send projections to neurons located in autonomic ganglia ; these neurons then send output projections to virtually every tissue of the body .", "In both branches the internal connections -- the projections from the central nervous system to the autonomic ganglia -- use acetylcholine as neurotransmitter , and the receptors it activates are of the nicotinic type .", "In the parasympathetic nervous system the output connections -- the projections from ganglion neurons to tissues that do n't belong to the nervous system -- also release acetylcholine , acting on muscarinic receptors .", "In the sympathetic nervous system the output connections mainly release noradrenaline , although acetylcholine is released at a few points , such as the sudomotor innervation of the sweat glands .", "Direct" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "At a schematic level, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are both organized in essentially the same way: preganglionic neurons in the central nervous system send projections to neurons located in autonomic ganglia; these neurons then send output projections to virtually every tissue of the body. In the sympathetic nervous system the output connections mainly release noradrenaline, although acetylcholine is released at a few points, such as the sudomotor innervation of the sweat glands.", "selected_sentences": [ "At a schematic level , the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are both organized in essentially the same way : preganglionic neurons in the central nervous system send projections to neurons located in autonomic ganglia ; these neurons then send output projections to virtually every tissue of the body .", "In the sympathetic nervous system the output connections mainly release noradrenaline , although acetylcholine is released at a few points , such as the sudomotor innervation of the sweat glands ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Bernina International", "text": "Since 1959 , Odette Ueltschi , Fritz Gegauf 's daughter , took the lead role at Bernina . She took over the management after the death of her brother in 1965 . In 1963 , the first Bernina sewing machine with a patented knee - activated presser foot lifter , the 730 , appeared on the market . From 1963 onwards , the subsequent model , the 730 , was produced , and in the same year , the millionth Bernina sewing machine was manufactured . The top - seller of all the models was the 830 class , which came into production in 1971 and continued until 1981 . In 1981 , the company took a further step in the development of household sewing machines . The 930 model was the first machine with a stretch - stitch function . It was followed by the 1130 , the first fully automated sewing machine , the 1130 , launched in 1986 . The enduring mark which Odette Gegauf - Ueltschi left on the company is reflected in the name of the bernette sewing machine line , formed by a combination of the first half of the brand name and the second half of her given name . ", "sentences": [ "Since 1959 , Odette Ueltschi , Fritz Gegauf 's daughter , took the lead role at Bernina .", "She took over the management after the death of her brother in 1965 .", "In 1963 , the first Bernina sewing machine with a patented knee - activated presser foot lifter , the 730 , appeared on the market .", "From 1963 onwards , the subsequent model , the 730 , was produced , and in the same year , the millionth Bernina sewing machine was manufactured .", "The top - seller of all the models was the 830 class , which came into production in 1971 and continued until 1981 .", "In 1981 , the company took a further step in the development of household sewing machines .", "The 930 model was the first machine with a stretch - stitch function .", "It was followed by the 1130 , the first fully automated sewing machine , the 1130 , launched in 1986 .", "The enduring mark which Odette Gegauf - Ueltschi left on the company is reflected in the name of the bernette sewing machine line , formed by a combination of the first half of the brand name and the second half of her given name ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Since 1959, Odette Ueltschi took the lead role at Bernina. The enduring mark which Odette Gegauf-Ueltschi left on the company is reflected in the name of the bernette sewing machine line, formed by a combination of the first half of the brand name and the second half of her given name.", "selected_sentences": [ "Since 1959 , Odette Ueltschi , Fritz Gegauf 's daughter , took the lead role at Bernina .", "The enduring mark which Odette Gegauf - Ueltschi left on the company is reflected in the name of the bernette sewing machine line , formed by a combination of the first half of the brand name and the second half of her given name ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Poudre School District", "text": "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District . Each serves students in different neighborhood sections of the city . The district also operates four alternative high schools for students who thrive in smaller environments or require flexible educational options . Two public charter high schools are chartered through PSD : Ridgeview Classical Schools and Liberty Common High School . Together the schools serve roughly 8,000 students . ", "sentences": [ "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District .", "Each serves students in different neighborhood sections of the city .", "The district also operates four alternative high schools for students who thrive in smaller environments or require flexible educational options .", "Two public charter high schools are chartered through PSD : Ridgeview Classical Schools and Liberty Common High School .", "Together the schools serve roughly 8,000 students ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District and two public charter high schools are chartered through PSD.", "selected_sentences": [ "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District .", "Two public charter high schools are chartered through PSD : Ridgeview Classical Schools and Liberty Common High School ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District which also operates four alternative high schools for students who thrive in smaller environments or require flexible educational options.", "selected_sentences": [ "There are four comprehensive public senior high schools in Fort Collins Colorado operated by the Poudre School District .", "The district also operates four alternative high schools for students who thrive in smaller environments or require flexible educational options ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of the Pittsburgh Pirates", "text": "The new owners also signed highly regarded second baseman Lou Bierbauer , who had previously played with the AA 's Philadelphia Athletics . The Athletics failed to include him on their reserve list , and the Alleghenys picked him up . Nonetheless , this led to loud protests by the Athletics , and in an official complaint , an AA official claimed the Alleghenys ' actions were `` piratical '' . This incident ( which is discussed at some length in The Beer and Whisky League , by David Nemec , 1994 ) quickly accelerated into a schism between the leagues that contributed to the demise of the A.A. Although the Alleghenys were never found guilty of wrongdoing , they made sport of being denounced for being `` piratical '' by renaming themselves `` the Pirates '' for the 1891 season . The nickname was first acknowledged on the team 's uniforms in 1912 . Around the time the team adopted the Pirates nickname , the United States Board on Geographic Names forced the city of Pittsburgh to undergo a controversial name change by having them drop the `` h '' at the end of the name , making the team 's official name the `` Pittsburg Pirates '' from the adoption of the Pirates nickname until Pittsburgh was able to get the `` h '' restored to its name in 1911 . ", "sentences": [ "The new owners also signed highly regarded second baseman Lou Bierbauer , who had previously played with the AA 's Philadelphia Athletics .", "The Athletics failed to include him on their reserve list , and the Alleghenys picked him up .", "Nonetheless , this led to loud protests by the Athletics , and in an official complaint , an AA official claimed the Alleghenys ' actions were `` piratical '' .", "This incident ( which is discussed at some length in The Beer and Whisky League , by David Nemec , 1994 ) quickly accelerated into a schism between the leagues that contributed to the demise of the A.A.", "Although the Alleghenys were never found guilty of wrongdoing , they made sport of being denounced for being `` piratical '' by renaming themselves `` the Pirates '' for the 1891 season .", "The nickname was first acknowledged on the team 's uniforms in 1912 .", "Around the time the team adopted the Pirates nickname , the United States Board on Geographic Names forced the city of Pittsburgh to undergo a controversial name change by having them drop the `` h '' at the end of the name , making the team 's official name the `` Pittsburg Pirates '' from the adoption of the Pirates nickname until Pittsburgh was able to get the `` h '' restored to its name in 1911 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Athletics failed to include Lou Bierbauer on their reserve list, and the Alleghenys picked him up. Although the Alleghenys were never found guilty of wrongdoing, they made sport of being denounced for being ``piratical'' by renaming themselves ``the Pirates'' for the 1891 season.", "selected_sentences": [ "The new owners also signed highly regarded second baseman Lou Bierbauer , who had previously played with the AA 's Philadelphia Athletics .", "The Athletics failed to include him on their reserve list , and the Alleghenys picked him up .", "Although the Alleghenys were never found guilty of wrongdoing , they made sport of being denounced for being `` piratical '' by renaming themselves `` the Pirates '' for the 1891 season ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Sinking of the RMS Titanic", "text": "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster . Some survivors died shortly afterwards ; injuries and the effects of exposure caused the deaths of several of those brought aboard Carpathia . Of the groups shown in the table , 49 percent of the children , 26 percent of the female passengers , 82 percent of the male passengers and 78 percent of the crew died . The figures show stark differences in the survival rates between men and women , and of the different classes aboard Titanic , especially among women and children . Although less than 10 percent of first - and second - class women ( combined ) were lost , 54 percent of those in third class died . Similarly , five of six first - class and all second - class children survived , but 52 of the 79 in third class perished . The only first - class child to perish was Loraine Allison , aged two . Proportionately , the heaviest losses were suffered by the second - class men , of whom 92 percent died . Of the pets brought aboard , three survived the sinking . ", "sentences": [ "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster .", "Some survivors died shortly afterwards ; injuries and the effects of exposure caused the deaths of several of those brought aboard Carpathia .", "Of the groups shown in the table , 49 percent of the children , 26 percent of the female passengers , 82 percent of the male passengers and 78 percent of the crew died .", "The figures show stark differences in the survival rates between men and women , and of the different classes aboard Titanic , especially among women and children .", "Although less than 10 percent of first - and second - class women ( combined ) were lost , 54 percent of those in third class died .", "Similarly , five of six first - class and all second - class children survived , but 52 of the 79 in third class perished .", "The only first - class child to perish was Loraine Allison , aged two .", "Proportionately , the heaviest losses were suffered by the second - class men , of whom 92 percent died .", "Of the pets brought aboard , three survived the sinking ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster from the sinking of the RMS Titanic. Five of six first - class and all second - class children survived. Of the pets brought aboard , three survived the sinking .", "selected_sentences": [ "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster .", "Similarly , five of six first - class and all second - class children survived , but 52 of the 79 in third class perished .", "Of the pets brought aboard , three survived the sinking ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster. Five of six first-class and all second-class children, in addition to only three pets survived the sinking .", "selected_sentences": [ "Less than a third of those aboard Titanic survived the disaster .", "Similarly , five of six first - class and all second - class children survived , but 52 of the 79 in third class perished .", "Of the pets brought aboard , three survived the sinking ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "West Side Story", "text": "At the dance , after introductions , the teenagers begin to dance ; soon a challenge dance is called ( `` Dance at the Gym '' ) , during which Tony and Maria ( who are n't taking part in the challenge dance ) see each other across the room and are drawn to each other . They dance together , forgetting the tension in the room , and fall in love , but Bernardo pulls his sister from Tony and sends her home . Riff and Bernardo agree to meet for a War Council at Doc 's , a drug store which is considered neutral ground , but meanwhile , an infatuated and happy Tony finds Maria 's building and serenades her outside her bedroom ( `` Maria '' ) . She appears on her fire escape , and the two profess their love for one another ( `` Tonight '' ) . Meanwhile , Anita , Rosalia , and the other Shark girls discuss the differences between the territory of Puerto Rico and the mainland United States of America , with Anita defending America , and Rosalia yearning for Puerto Rico ( `` America '' ) . ", "sentences": [ "At the dance , after introductions , the teenagers begin to dance ; soon a challenge dance is called ( `` Dance at the Gym '' ) , during which Tony and Maria ( who are n't taking part in the challenge dance ) see each other across the room and are drawn to each other .", "They dance together , forgetting the tension in the room , and fall in love , but Bernardo pulls his sister from Tony and sends her home .", "Riff and Bernardo agree to meet for a War Council at Doc 's , a drug store which is considered neutral ground , but meanwhile , an infatuated and happy Tony finds Maria 's building and serenades her outside her bedroom ( `` Maria '' ) .", "She appears on her fire escape , and the two profess their love for one another ( `` Tonight '' ) .", "Meanwhile , Anita , Rosalia , and the other Shark girls discuss the differences between the territory of Puerto Rico and the mainland United States of America , with Anita defending America , and Rosalia yearning for Puerto Rico ( `` America '' ) ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "At the dance, Tony and Maria see each other across the room and are drawn to each other. An infatuated and happy Tony finds Maria's building and serenades her outside her bedroom (\"Maria\"). She appears on her fire escape, and the two profess their love for one another (\"Tonight\").", "selected_sentences": [ "At the dance , after introductions , the teenagers begin to dance ; soon a challenge dance is called ( `` Dance at the Gym '' ) , during which Tony and Maria ( who are n't taking part in the challenge dance ) see each other across the room and are drawn to each other .", "Riff and Bernardo agree to meet for a War Council at Doc 's , a drug store which is considered neutral ground , but meanwhile , an infatuated and happy Tony finds Maria 's building and serenades her outside her bedroom ( `` Maria '' ) .", "She appears on her fire escape , and the two profess their love for one another ( `` Tonight '' ) ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "At the dance, Tony and Maria see each other across the room and are drawn to each other. They dance together, forgetting the tension in the room and fall in love.", "selected_sentences": [ "At the dance , after introductions , the teenagers begin to dance ; soon a challenge dance is called ( `` Dance at the Gym '' ) , during which Tony and Maria ( who are n't taking part in the challenge dance ) see each other across the room and are drawn to each other .", "They dance together , forgetting the tension in the room , and fall in love , but Bernardo pulls his sister from Tony and sends her home ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Andre Johnson", "text": "Andre Lamont Johnson ( born July 11 , 1981 ) is a former American football wide receiver who played the majority of his career with the Houston Texans of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played college football at Miami , and was drafted by the Texans third overall in the 2003 NFL Draft . He is eleventh all - time in NFL career receptions , and 10th all - time in NFL receiving yards . Johnson holds nearly every Texans receiving record . He was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and Tennessee Titans . ", "sentences": [ "Andre Lamont Johnson ( born July 11 , 1981 ) is a former American football wide receiver who played the majority of his career with the Houston Texans of the National Football League ( NFL ) .", "He played college football at Miami , and was drafted by the Texans third overall in the 2003 NFL Draft .", "He is eleventh all - time in NFL career receptions , and 10th all - time in NFL receiving yards .", "Johnson holds nearly every Texans receiving record .", "He was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and Tennessee Titans ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Andre Lamont Johnson played the majority of his NFL career with the Houston Texans of the National Football League ( NFL ) , and he was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and Tennessee Titans .", "selected_sentences": [ "Andre Lamont Johnson ( born July 11 , 1981 ) is a former American football wide receiver who played the majority of his career with the Houston Texans of the National Football League ( NFL ) .", "He was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and Tennessee Titans ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Have You Been Paying Attention?", "text": "In February 2014 , it was reported in an interview with host and co-executive producer Tom Gleisner that Network Ten had given the series an `` open - ended '' run for its 2014 season . The second season premiered on 23 February 2014 in the new timeslot of 6pm Sunday . On 9 April 2014 , part way through the second season , it was announced that the show would be moved from the 6pm Sunday timeslot to 9.30 pm Monday , and expanded to a one - hour format . The later timeslot would allow the series to include more adult themes . Following a six - week hiatus , the show returned on Monday 19 May 2014 . Beginning on 14 July , season two moved an hour earlier to 8 : 30pm as a result of the low ratings of 24 : Live Another Day which previously occupied the timeslot . ", "sentences": [ "In February 2014 , it was reported in an interview with host and co-executive producer Tom Gleisner that Network Ten had given the series an `` open - ended '' run for its 2014 season .", "The second season premiered on 23 February 2014 in the new timeslot of 6pm Sunday .", "On 9 April 2014 , part way through the second season , it was announced that the show would be moved from the 6pm Sunday timeslot to 9.30 pm Monday , and expanded to a one - hour format .", "The later timeslot would allow the series to include more adult themes .", "Following a six - week hiatus , the show returned on Monday 19 May 2014 .", "Beginning on 14 July , season two moved an hour earlier to 8 : 30pm as a result of the low ratings of 24 : Live Another Day which previously occupied the timeslot ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The second season of \"Have You Been Paying Attention?\" premiered on 23 February 2014 in the new timeslot of 6pm Sunday . On 9 April 2014 , it was announced that the show would be moved from the 6pm Sunday timeslot to 9.30 pm Monday. Following a six - week hiatus , the show returned on Monday 19 May 2014 . Beginning on 14 July , season two moved an hour earlier to 8 : 30pm", "selected_sentences": [ "The second season premiered on 23 February 2014 in the new timeslot of 6pm Sunday .", "On 9 April 2014 , part way through the second season , it was announced that the show would be moved from the 6pm Sunday timeslot to 9.30 pm Monday , and expanded to a one - hour format .", "Following a six - week hiatus , the show returned on Monday 19 May 2014 .", "Beginning on 14 July , season two moved an hour earlier to 8 : 30pm as a result of the low ratings of 24 : Live Another Day which previously occupied the timeslot ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615, 46373812 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Ghost Whisperer (season 4)", "text": "In the fourth season , Melinda meets Eli James ( Jamie Kennedy ) after a fire at Rockland University who , after his own near - death experience , develops the ability to hear ghosts . Melinda says goodbye to her close friend Rick Payne , who leaves Grandview on a research trip for the university . In this season , Jim is shot and killed . He does not `` cross over '' because he does not want to leave Melinda , and his spirit later enters the body of a man named Sam Lucas , who died in an unrelated accident in Grandview and crossed over . When Jim / Sam regains consciousness , he has no memory of being Jim . Melinda works to get him to remember his past life and her , and succeeds after much difficulty and skepticism on the part of her friends . They soon discover that Melinda is pregnant and that the date of conception was right before Jim died . ", "sentences": [ "In the fourth season , Melinda meets Eli James ( Jamie Kennedy ) after a fire at Rockland University who , after his own near - death experience , develops the ability to hear ghosts .", "Melinda says goodbye to her close friend Rick Payne , who leaves Grandview on a research trip for the university .", "In this season , Jim is shot and killed .", "He does not `` cross over '' because he does not want to leave Melinda , and his spirit later enters the body of a man named Sam Lucas , who died in an unrelated accident in Grandview and crossed over .", "When Jim / Sam regains consciousness , he has no memory of being Jim .", "Melinda works to get him to remember his past life and her , and succeeds after much difficulty and skepticism on the part of her friends .", "They soon discover that Melinda is pregnant and that the date of conception was right before Jim died ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "In the fourth season, Jim is shot and killed.", "selected_sentences": [ "In the fourth season , Melinda meets Eli James ( Jamie Kennedy ) after a fire at Rockland University who , after his own near - death experience , develops the ability to hear ghosts .", "In this season , Jim is shot and killed ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46373812, 45676624 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Whiskey Rebellion", "text": "The Whiskey Rebellion ( also known as the Whiskey Insurrection ) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington . The so - called `` whiskey tax '' was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government . It became law in 1791 , and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War . The tax applied to all distilled spirits , but American whiskey was by far the country 's most popular distilled beverage in the 18th century , so the excise became widely known as a `` whiskey tax '' . Farmers of the western frontier were accustomed to distilling their surplus rye , barley , wheat , corn , or fermented grain mixtures into whiskey . These farmers resisted the tax . In these regions , whiskey often served as a medium of exchange . Many of the resisters were war veterans who believed that they were fighting for the principles of the American Revolution , in particular against taxation without local representation , while the federal government maintained that the taxes were the legal expression of Congressional taxation powers . ", "sentences": [ "The Whiskey Rebellion ( also known as the Whiskey Insurrection ) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington .", "The so - called `` whiskey tax '' was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government .", "It became law in 1791 , and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War .", "The tax applied to all distilled spirits , but American whiskey was by far the country 's most popular distilled beverage in the 18th century , so the excise became widely known as a `` whiskey tax '' .", "Farmers of the western frontier were accustomed to distilling their surplus rye , barley , wheat , corn , or fermented grain mixtures into whiskey .", "These farmers resisted the tax .", "In these regions , whiskey often served as a medium of exchange .", "Many of the resisters were war veterans who believed that they were fighting for the principles of the American Revolution , in particular against taxation without local representation , while the federal government maintained that the taxes were the legal expression of Congressional taxation powers ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington. Many of the resisters were war veterans who believed that they were fighting for the principles of the American Revolution, in particular against taxation without local representation, while the federal government maintained that the taxes were the legal expression of Congressional taxation powers.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Whiskey Rebellion ( also known as the Whiskey Insurrection ) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington .", "Many of the resisters were war veterans who believed that they were fighting for the principles of the American Revolution , in particular against taxation without local representation , while the federal government maintained that the taxes were the legal expression of Congressional taxation powers ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Hajj", "text": "Apart from being an obligatory religious duty , the Hajj is seen to have a spiritual merit that provides the Muslims with an opportunity of self - renewal . Hajj serves as a reminder of the Day of Judgment when Muslims believe people will stand before God . Hadith literature ( sayings of Muhammad ) articulates various merits a pilgrim achieves upon successful completion of their Hajj . After successful pilgrimage , pilgrims can prefix their names with the title ' Al - Hajji ' , and are held with respect in Muslim society . However , Islamic scholars suggest Hajj should signify a Muslim 's religious commitment , and should not be a measurement of their social status . Hajj brings together and unites the Muslims from different parts of the world irrespective of their race , colour , and culture , which acts as a symbol of equality . ", "sentences": [ "Apart from being an obligatory religious duty , the Hajj is seen to have a spiritual merit that provides the Muslims with an opportunity of self - renewal .", "Hajj serves as a reminder of the Day of Judgment when Muslims believe people will stand before God .", "Hadith literature ( sayings of Muhammad ) articulates various merits a pilgrim achieves upon successful completion of their Hajj .", "After successful pilgrimage , pilgrims can prefix their names with the title ' Al - Hajji ' , and are held with respect in Muslim society .", "However , Islamic scholars suggest Hajj should signify a Muslim 's religious commitment , and should not be a measurement of their social status .", "Hajj brings together and unites the Muslims from different parts of the world irrespective of their race , colour , and culture , which acts as a symbol of equality ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Apart from being an obligatory religious duty, the Hajj is seen to have a spiritual merit that provides the Muslims with an opportunity of self - renewal. After successful pilgrimage , pilgrims can prefix their names with the title ' Al - Hajji ' , and are held with respect in Muslim society. Hajj brings together and unites the Muslims from different parts of the world irrespective of their race, color, and culture , which acts as a symbol of equality.", "selected_sentences": [ "Apart from being an obligatory religious duty , the Hajj is seen to have a spiritual merit that provides the Muslims with an opportunity of self - renewal .", "After successful pilgrimage , pilgrims can prefix their names with the title ' Al - Hajji ' , and are held with respect in Muslim society .", "Hajj brings together and unites the Muslims from different parts of the world irrespective of their race , colour , and culture , which acts as a symbol of equality ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946, 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Euphrates", "text": "The Euphrates ( / juː ˈfreɪtiːz / ( listen ) ; Sumerian : 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Buranuna , Akkadian : 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu , Arabic : الفرات ‎ al - Furāt , Syriac : ̇ܦܪܬ ‎ Pǝrāt , Armenian : Եփրատ : Yeprat , Hebrew : פרת ‎ Perat , Turkish : Fırat , Kurdish : Firat ‎ ) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia . Together with the Tigris , it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( the `` Land between the Rivers '' ) . Originating in eastern Turkey , the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al - Arab , which empties into the Persian Gulf . ", "sentences": [ "The Euphrates ( / juː ˈfreɪtiːz / ( listen ) ;", "Sumerian : 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Buranuna , Akkadian : 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu , Arabic : الفرات ‎ al - Furāt , Syriac : ̇ܦܪܬ ‎ Pǝrāt , Armenian : Եփրատ : Yeprat , Hebrew : פרת ‎ Perat , Turkish :", "Fırat , Kurdish : Firat ‎ ) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia .", "Together with the Tigris , it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( the `` Land between the Rivers '' ) .", "Originating in eastern Turkey , the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al - Arab , which empties into the Persian Gulf ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "The Euphrates, together with the Tigris , it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia. Originating in eastern Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab, which empties into the Persian Gulf.", "selected_sentences": [ "The Euphrates ( / juː ˈfreɪtiːz / ( listen ) ;", "Together with the Tigris , it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( the `` Land between the Rivers '' ) .", "Originating in eastern Turkey , the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al - Arab , which empties into the Persian Gulf ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "The Euphrates, one of Western Asia rivers, is one of two defining rivers of Mesopotamia. It originates in eastern Turkey , the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al - Arab , which empties into the Persian Gulf .", "selected_sentences": [ "The Euphrates ( / juː ˈfreɪtiːz / ( listen ) ;", "Fırat , Kurdish : Firat ‎ ) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia .", "Together with the Tigris , it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia ( the `` Land between the Rivers '' ) .", "Originating in eastern Turkey , the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al - Arab , which empties into the Persian Gulf ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Germ cell", "text": "Multicellular eukaryotes are made of two fundamental cell types . Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis . These cells are sometimes said to be immortal because they are the link between generations . Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis . The lineage of germ cells is called germ line . Germ cell specification begins during cleavage in many animals or in the epiblast during gastrulation in birds and mammals . After transport , involving passive movements and active migration , germ cells arrive at the developing gonads . In humans , sexual differentiation starts approximately 6 weeks after conception . The end - products of the germ cell cycle are the egg or sperm . ", "sentences": [ "Multicellular eukaryotes are made of two fundamental cell types .", "Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis .", "These cells are sometimes said to be immortal because they are the link between generations .", "Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis .", "The lineage of germ cells is called germ line .", "Germ cell specification begins during cleavage in many animals or in the epiblast during gastrulation in birds and mammals .", "After transport , involving passive movements and active migration , germ cells arrive at the developing gonads .", "In humans , sexual differentiation starts approximately 6 weeks after conception .", "The end - products of the germ cell cycle are the egg or sperm ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis . The lineage of germ cells is called germ line as well. Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis .", "selected_sentences": [ "Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis .", "Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis .", "The lineage of germ cells is called germ line ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis. Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis.", "selected_sentences": [ "Germ cells produce gametes and are the only cells that can undergo meiosis as well as mitosis .", "Somatic cells are all the other cells that form the building blocks of the body and they only divide by mitosis ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545946 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Abu Musa", "text": "Abu Musa island is located 70 kilometres ( 43 mi ) south of Bandar - e Shenas and 65 kilometres ( 40 mi ) north - northwest of Sharjah . Out of 14 islands of Hormozgan it is the island farthest from the Iranian coast . Its highest point is the 110 metres ( 360 ft ) Mount Halva . Abu Musa city is the center of the island . The weather in Abu Musa is warm and humid , although , compared to the place in the Persian Gulf , Abu Musa has a better climate and the most diverse ecosystem , but it lacks suitable soil and water for farming leaving fishing as the main industry for locals . It is one of the main ports for exporting oil from Iran . ", "sentences": [ "Abu Musa island is located 70 kilometres ( 43 mi ) south of Bandar - e Shenas and 65 kilometres ( 40 mi ) north - northwest of Sharjah .", "Out of 14 islands of Hormozgan it is the island farthest from the Iranian coast .", "Its highest point is the 110 metres ( 360 ft ) Mount Halva .", "Abu Musa city is the center of the island .", "The weather in Abu Musa is warm and humid , although , compared to the place in the Persian Gulf , Abu Musa has a better climate and the most diverse ecosystem , but it lacks suitable soil and water for farming leaving fishing as the main industry for locals .", "It is one of the main ports for exporting oil from Iran ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "Abu Musa island is located 70 kilometres south of Bandar - e Shenas and 65 kilometres north - northwest of Sharjah . It is one of the main ports for exporting oil from Iran .", "selected_sentences": [ "Abu Musa island is located 70 kilometres ( 43 mi ) south of Bandar - e Shenas and 65 kilometres ( 40 mi ) north - northwest of Sharjah .", "It is one of the main ports for exporting oil from Iran ." ], "meta": { "annotator": [ 46545976 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": true, "round": 1, "skip": false } }, { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [ 47200615 ], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 2, "skip": true } } ]