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[ { "title": "The dress", "text": "That evening , Wellesley College neuroscientist Bevil Conway gave some comments on the phenomenon to Wired reporter Adam Rogers . Before they hung up , Rogers warned him , `` your tomorrow will not be the same '' . Conway thought the reporter was exaggerating , saying , `` I did n't appreciate the full extent of what was about to happen . Not even close . '' Rogers 's story eventually got 32.8 million unique visitors . Meanwhile , when Conway woke up the next morning , his inbox had so many emails about the dress that at first , he thought his email had been hacked , until he saw that the bulk were interview requests from major media organisations . `` I did 10 interviews and had to have a colleague take my class that day , '' said Conway .", "sentences": [ "That evening , Wellesley College neuroscientist Bevil Conway gave some comments on the phenomenon to Wired reporter Adam Rogers .", "Before they hung up , Rogers warned him , `` your tomorrow will not be the same '' .", "Conway thought the reporter was exaggerating , saying , `` I did n't appreciate the full extent of what was about to happen .", "Not even close . ''", "Rogers 's story eventually got 32.8 million unique visitors .", "Meanwhile , when Conway woke up the next morning , his inbox had so many emails about the dress that at first , he thought his email had been hacked , until he saw that the bulk were interview requests from major media organisations .", "`` I did 10 interviews and had to have a colleague take my class that day , '' said Conway ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Big Brother 5 (U.S.)", "text": "The season 's main theme was titled `` Project Do Not Assume '' , or `` Project DNA '' for short , and was incorporated through two twists . The first of these twists were that HouseGuests Michael `` Cowboy '' Ellis and Jennifer `` Nakomis '' Dedmon were , unbeknownst to them , half - siblings . The two share the same father , whom Ellis had never met . Ellis quickly figured out the twist , and Big Brother later gave the two letters from home explaining the situation . This twist had no impact on the format of the game , other than the personal implications that arise with the situation . The second twist was that a set of twins were switching spots in the house , with the goal of making it to the fifth week . If they succeeded this without getting caught , they would both be eligible to play as individuals . The twins , Adria and Natalie , both played as Adria , and would switch places at various times in the Diary Room . The sisters succeeded in the task , and Natalie entered the game on Day 35 . This twist was later implemented in Big Brother 17 . This was also the first season to feature a Fast Forward Week , in which two HouseGuests were evicted in the span of one week .", "sentences": [ "The season 's main theme was titled `` Project Do Not Assume '' , or `` Project DNA '' for short , and was incorporated through two twists .", "The first of these twists were that HouseGuests Michael `` Cowboy '' Ellis and Jennifer `` Nakomis '' Dedmon were , unbeknownst to them , half - siblings .", "The two share the same father , whom Ellis had never met .", "Ellis quickly figured out the twist , and Big Brother later gave the two letters from home explaining the situation .", "This twist had no impact on the format of the game , other than the personal implications that arise with the situation .", "The second twist was that a set of twins were switching spots in the house , with the goal of making it to the fifth week .", "If they succeeded this without getting caught , they would both be eligible to play as individuals .", "The twins , Adria and Natalie , both played as Adria , and would switch places at various times in the Diary Room .", "The sisters succeeded in the task , and Natalie entered the game on Day 35 .", "This twist was later implemented in Big Brother 17 .", "This was also the first season to feature a Fast Forward Week , in which two HouseGuests were evicted in the span of one week ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "History of the Latin script", "text": "The use of the letters I and V for both consonants and vowels proved inconvenient as the Latin alphabet was adapted to Germanic and Romance languages . W originated as a doubled V ( VV ) used to represent the sound ( w ) found in Old English as early as the 7th century . It came into common use in the later 11th century , replacing the runic Wynn letter which had been used for the same sound . In the Romance languages , the minuscule form of V was a rounded u ; from this was derived a rounded capital U for the vowel in the 16th century , while a new , pointed minuscule v was derived from V for the consonant . In the case of I , a word - final swash form , j , came to be used for the consonant , with the un-swashed form restricted to vowel use . Such conventions were erratic for centuries . J was introduced into English for the consonant in the 17th century ( it had been rare as a vowel ) , but it was not universally considered a distinct letter in the alphabetic order until the 19th century .", "sentences": [ "The use of the letters I and V for both consonants and vowels proved inconvenient as the Latin alphabet was adapted to Germanic and Romance languages .", "W originated as a doubled V ( VV ) used to represent the sound ( w ) found in Old English as early as the 7th century .", "It came into common use in the later 11th century , replacing the runic Wynn letter which had been used for the same sound .", "In the Romance languages , the minuscule form of V was a rounded u ; from this was derived a rounded capital U for the vowel in the 16th century , while a new , pointed minuscule v was derived from V for the consonant .", "In the case of I , a word - final swash form , j , came to be used for the consonant , with the un-swashed form restricted to vowel use .", "Such conventions were erratic for centuries .", "J was introduced into English for the consonant in the 17th century ( it had been rare as a vowel ) , but it was not universally considered a distinct letter in the alphabetic order until the 19th century ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Pride and Prejudice and Zombies (film)", "text": "The Bennets are visited by the overbearing Parson Collins , who proposes to Elizabeth but states that she must give up her life as a warrior , something she refuses to do . Elizabeth meets a charming soldier named Wickham and arranges to meet him at another ball . She travels with him to a church that is filled with zombies who feed on pig brains instead of human brains , keeping their behaviour relatively normal . Wickham believes that with these new civilised zombies , humans can co-exist with them . He asks Elizabeth to elope but she backs off . Elizabeth learns that Darcy convinced the Bingleys to leave to keep Bingley away from Jane . When Darcy proposes to Elizabeth , having fallen in love with her , she expresses outrage at his actions and fights him .", "sentences": [ "The Bennets are visited by the overbearing Parson Collins , who proposes to Elizabeth but states that she must give up her life as a warrior , something she refuses to do .", "Elizabeth meets a charming soldier named Wickham and arranges to meet him at another ball .", "She travels with him to a church that is filled with zombies who feed on pig brains instead of human brains , keeping their behaviour relatively normal .", "Wickham believes that with these new civilised zombies , humans can co-exist with them .", "He asks Elizabeth to elope", "but she backs off .", "Elizabeth learns that Darcy convinced the Bingleys to leave to keep Bingley away from Jane .", "When Darcy proposes to Elizabeth , having fallen in love with her , she expresses outrage at his actions and fights him ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Lifestyle (sociology)", "text": "A healthy or unhealthy lifestyle will most likely be transmitted across generations . According to the study done by Case et al. ( 2002 ) , when a 0 - 3 year old child has a mother who practices a healthy lifestyle , this child will be 27 % more likely to become healthy and adopt the same lifestyle . For instance , high income parents are more likely to eat organic food , have time to exercise , and provide the best living condition to their children . On the other hand , low income parents are more likely to participate in unhealthy activities such as smoking to help them release poverty - related stress and depression . Parents are the first teacher for every child . Everything that parents do will be very likely transferred to their children through the learning process .", "sentences": [ "A healthy or unhealthy lifestyle will most likely be transmitted across generations .", "According to the study done by Case et al.", "( 2002 ) , when a 0 - 3 year old child has a mother who practices a healthy lifestyle , this child will be 27 % more likely to become healthy and adopt the same lifestyle .", "For instance , high income parents are more likely to eat organic food , have time to exercise , and provide the best living condition to their children .", "On the other hand , low income parents are more likely to participate in unhealthy activities such as smoking to help them release poverty - related stress and depression .", "Parents are the first teacher for every child .", "Everything that parents do will be very likely transferred to their children through the learning process ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Irrational number", "text": "p ( x ) = a n x n + a n − 1 x n − 1 + ⋯ + a 1 x + a 0 = 0 ( \\ displaystyle p ( x ) = a_ ( n ) x ^ ( n ) + a_ ( n - 1 ) x ^ ( n - 1 ) + \\ cdots + a_ ( 1 ) x + a_ ( 0 ) = 0 )", "sentences": [ "p ( x ) = a n x n + a n − 1 x n − 1", "+", "⋯", "+ a 1 x + a 0 = 0", "( \\ displaystyle p ( x ) = a_ ( n ) x", "^ ( n )", "+ a_ ( n - 1 ) x", "^ ( n - 1 ) + \\ cdots + a_", "( 1 ) x", "+ a_ ( 0 ) = 0 )" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Promotion (chess)", "text": "66 ... Rh5 67 . Be4 Rxh6 68 . Ka3 ( putting Black into zugzwang ) 68 ... Rh5 69 . Rb8 Re5 70 . Bc6 and White wins .", "sentences": [ "66 ...", "Rh5 67 .", "Be4 Rxh6 68 .", "Ka3 ( putting Black into zugzwang )", "68 ... Rh5 69 .", "Rb8 Re5 70 .", "Bc6 and White wins ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Rick and Morty (season 3)", "text": "At Morty 's insistence , Rick agrees to join the Vindicators , a group of intergalactic superheroes , to fight their arch - nemesis , Worldender . Rick can not hide his disdain for the superheroes , while Morty is thrilled . The next morning , the Vindicators enter Worldender 's base , only to find that the previous night a blackout drunk Rick had killed him and set up a variety of puzzles that the Vindicators must solve to survive . They start arguing and kill one another , while Morty solves all the puzzles , as he knows what Rick had in mind when he put them up . After all puzzles are solved , the only ones left alive are Rick , Morty and Supernova , a member of the Vindicators . Supernova tries to kill Rick and Morty , but before she can do so , the three of them are transported to a party that Rick also set up while blackout drunk , where she gets away . Post-credit scene : Gearhead tries to use a Vindicators vest to pick up some young girls , but when an alien terrorist attack strikes , he runs away eventually tripping and falling , breaking into pieces .", "sentences": [ "At Morty 's insistence , Rick agrees to join the Vindicators , a group of intergalactic superheroes , to fight their arch - nemesis , Worldender .", "Rick can not hide his disdain for the superheroes , while Morty is thrilled .", "The next morning , the Vindicators enter Worldender 's base , only to find that the previous night a blackout drunk Rick had killed him and set up a variety of puzzles that the Vindicators must solve to survive .", "They start arguing and kill one another , while Morty solves all the puzzles , as he knows what Rick had in mind when he put them up .", "After all puzzles are solved , the only ones left alive are Rick , Morty and Supernova , a member of the Vindicators .", "Supernova tries to kill Rick and Morty , but before she can do so , the three of them are transported to a party that Rick also set up while blackout drunk , where she gets away .", "Post-credit scene : Gearhead tries to use a Vindicators vest to pick up some young girls , but when an alien terrorist attack strikes , he runs away eventually tripping and falling , breaking into pieces ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", "text": "While the French Revolution provided rights to a larger portion of the population , there remained a distinction between those who obtained the political rights in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and those who did not . Those who were deemed to hold these political rights were called active citizens . Active citizenship was granted to men who were French , at least 25 years old , paid taxes equal to three days work , and could not be defined as servants ( Thouret ) . This meant that at the time of the Declaration only male property owners held these rights . The deputies in the National Assembly believed that only those who held tangible interests in the nation could make informed political decisions . This distinction directly affects articles 6 , 12 , 14 , and 15 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen as each of these rights is related to the right to vote and to participate actively in the government . With the decree of 29 October 1789 , the term active citizen became embedded in French politics .", "sentences": [ "While the French Revolution provided rights to a larger portion of the population , there remained a distinction between those who obtained the political rights in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and those who did not .", "Those who were deemed to hold these political rights were called active citizens .", "Active citizenship was granted to men who were French , at least 25 years old , paid taxes equal to three days work , and could not be defined as servants ( Thouret ) .", "This meant that at the time of the Declaration only male property owners held these rights .", "The deputies in the National Assembly believed that only those who held tangible interests in the nation could make informed political decisions .", "This distinction directly affects articles 6 , 12 , 14 , and 15 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen as each of these rights is related to the right to vote and to participate actively in the government .", "With the decree of 29 October 1789 , the term active citizen became embedded in French politics ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Chicago Bears logos, uniforms, and mascots", "text": "For most of the 1940s through the late 1960s the Bears , unlike most all NFL teams , wore helmets and face masks made by Chicago - based Wilson Sporting Goods . This headgear was of a slightly different shape than that of the Riddell company , the principal supplier to NFL teams . ( Gale Sayers 's mid-1960s flared - ear Wilson helmet and white face mask with angled vertical bars are familiar to football fans ) . In 1982 , the club 's standard gray facemasks became dark blue . In 1994 , in honor of the NFL 's 75th Anniversary , the Bears helmets were all blue , and without the logo . The Bears would don a similar helmet to the 1994 helmet in 2010 , honoring the Monsters of the Midway , with the helmets still being blue , but with a grey facemask", "sentences": [ "For most of the 1940s through the late 1960s the Bears , unlike most all NFL teams , wore helmets and face masks made by Chicago - based Wilson Sporting Goods .", "This headgear was of a slightly different shape than that of the Riddell company , the principal supplier to NFL teams .", "( Gale Sayers 's mid-1960s flared - ear Wilson helmet and white face mask with angled vertical bars are familiar to football fans ) .", "In 1982 , the club 's standard gray facemasks became dark blue .", "In 1994 , in honor of the NFL 's 75th Anniversary , the Bears helmets were all blue , and without the logo .", "The Bears would don a similar helmet to the 1994 helmet in 2010 , honoring the Monsters of the Midway , with the helmets still being blue , but with a grey facemask" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Australia–Canada relations", "text": "This difference in approach was so profound that Mackenzie King refused to meet Evatt to discuss their views on the great powers ' efforts to secure a veto in the Security Council . Instead , he sent his heir apparent , the stately and dignified minister of justice , Louis St. Laurent . The meeting was unsuccessful . Evatt considered St. Laurent `` a pawn in a move to defeat the Australian case '' and dismissed him as `` an American stooge . '' The bilateral relationship remained tense during the immediate postwar period . This partly reflected the disruptive influence of Evatt , who continued to irritate Canadian diplomats and politicians . His success at pressing Australia 's claim to the `` Commonwealth '' seat on the U.N. 's first Security Council in 1946 was particularly galling . More significantly , this tension reflected very different security concerns . Australia , haunted by the spectre of a reconstructed Japan , was anxious to press ahead with a peace settlement that would remove this threat . At a conference in Canberra in September 1947 it sought the support of its Commonwealth partners to push the process ahead . Ottawa , however , was dismayed by the Australian bid to re-fashion a Commonwealth bloc . Washington was almost certain to resent the Australian demarche , which seemed likely to jeopardize Anglo - American cooperation as the cold war erupted in Europe . This sharp geographic difference in focus , which only increased in 1948 when Canada joined in the discussions that resulted in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , diminished the possibility of bilateral cooperation . Indeed , by the late - 1940s , relations were so strained that they became the object of gentle derision in Ottawa . After a meeting with Princess Elizabeth and the infant Prince Charles , Lester Pearson confessed to his diary the `` hope that relations ... were not further disturbed by the fact that I was able to make the baby laugh while ( J.B. ) Chifley ( Curtin 's successor as prime minister ) was not . ''", "sentences": [ "This difference in approach was so profound that Mackenzie King refused to meet Evatt to discuss their views on the great powers ' efforts to secure a veto in the Security Council .", "Instead , he sent his heir apparent , the stately and dignified minister of justice , Louis St. Laurent .", "The meeting was unsuccessful .", "Evatt considered St. Laurent `` a pawn in a move to defeat the Australian case '' and dismissed him as `` an American stooge . ''", "The bilateral relationship remained tense during the immediate postwar period .", "This partly reflected the disruptive influence of Evatt , who continued to irritate Canadian diplomats and politicians .", "His success at pressing Australia 's claim to the `` Commonwealth '' seat on the U.N. 's first Security Council in 1946 was particularly galling .", "More significantly , this tension reflected very different security concerns .", "Australia , haunted by the spectre of a reconstructed Japan , was anxious to press ahead with a peace settlement that would remove this threat .", "At a conference in Canberra in September 1947 it sought the support of its Commonwealth partners to push the process ahead .", "Ottawa , however , was dismayed by the Australian bid to re-fashion a Commonwealth bloc .", "Washington was almost certain to resent the Australian demarche , which seemed likely to jeopardize Anglo - American cooperation as the cold war erupted in Europe .", "This sharp geographic difference in focus , which only increased in 1948 when Canada joined in the discussions that resulted in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , diminished the possibility of bilateral cooperation .", "Indeed , by the late - 1940s , relations were so strained that they became the object of gentle derision in Ottawa .", "After a meeting with Princess Elizabeth and the infant Prince Charles , Lester Pearson confessed to his diary the `` hope that relations ... were not further disturbed by the fact that I was able to make the baby laugh while ( J.B. ) Chifley ( Curtin 's successor as prime minister ) was not . ''" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Eagles (band)", "text": "It appeared to be the end of the Eagles , but the band still had a commitment with Elektra Records to make a live record from the tour . Eagles Live ( released in November 1980 ) was mixed on opposite coasts . Frey had already left the band and would remain in Los Angeles , while the other band members each worked on their parts in Miami . `` We were fixing three - part harmonies courtesy of Federal Express , '' said producer Bill Szymczyk . Frey refused to speak to the other Eagles , and he fired Irving Azoff as his manager . With credits that listed five attorneys , the album 's liner notes simply said , `` Thank you and goodnight . '' A single released from the album -- `` Seven Bridges Road '' -- had been a live concert staple for the band . It was written by Steve Young in an arrangement created by Iain Matthews for his Valley Hi album in 1973 . The song reached number 21 on the charts in 1980 , becoming the Eagles ' last Top 40 single until 1994 .", "sentences": [ "It appeared to be the end of the Eagles , but the band still had a commitment with Elektra Records to make a live record from the tour .", "Eagles Live ( released in November 1980 ) was mixed on opposite coasts .", "Frey had already left the band and would remain in Los Angeles , while the other band members each worked on their parts in Miami .", "`` We were fixing three - part harmonies courtesy of Federal Express , '' said producer Bill Szymczyk .", "Frey refused to speak to the other Eagles , and he fired Irving Azoff as his manager .", "With credits that listed five attorneys , the album 's liner notes simply said , `` Thank you and goodnight . ''", "A single released from the album -- `` Seven Bridges Road '' -- had been a live concert staple for the band .", "It was written by Steve Young in an arrangement created by Iain Matthews for his Valley Hi album in 1973 .", "The song reached number 21 on the charts in 1980 , becoming the Eagles ' last Top 40 single until 1994 ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)", "text": "E = α i X i 2 + β i X i Y ( \\ displaystyle E = \\ alpha _ ( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) ^ ( 2 ) + \\ beta _ ( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) Y ) ,", "sentences": [ "E = α", "i", "X", "i 2 + β i", "X i Y ( \\ displaystyle E = \\ alpha _", "( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i )", "^", "( 2 ) + \\ beta _", "( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) Y ) ," ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Dutch East India Company", "text": "In terms of military - political history , the VOC , along with the Dutch West India Company ( WIC / GWIC ) , was seen as the international arm of the Dutch Republic and the symbolic power of the Dutch Empire . The VOC was historically a military - political - economic complex rather than a pure trading company ( or shipping company ) . The government - backed but privately financed company was effectively a state in its own right , or a state within another state . For almost 200 years of its existence , the VOC was a key non-state geopolitical player in Eurasia . The company was much an unofficial representative of the States General of the United Provinces in foreign relations of the Dutch Republic with many states , especially Dutch - Asian relations . The company 's territories were even larger than some countries .", "sentences": [ "In terms of military - political history , the VOC , along with the Dutch West India Company ( WIC / GWIC ) , was seen as the international arm of the Dutch Republic and the symbolic power of the Dutch Empire .", "The VOC was historically a military - political - economic complex rather than a pure trading company ( or shipping company ) .", "The government - backed but privately financed company was effectively a state in its own right , or a state within another state .", "For almost 200 years of its existence , the VOC was a key non-state geopolitical player in Eurasia .", "The company was much an unofficial representative of the States General of the United Provinces in foreign relations of the Dutch Republic with many states , especially Dutch - Asian relations .", "The company 's territories were even larger than some countries ." ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Membrane transport protein", "text": "This picture represents symport . The yellow triangle shows the concentration gradient for the yellow circles while the green triangle shows the concentration gradient for the green circles and the purple rods are the transport protein bundle . The green circles are moving against their concentration gradient through a transport protein which requires energy while the yellow circles move down their concentration gradient which releases energy . The yellow circles produce more energy through chemiosmosis than what is required to move the green circles so the movement is coupled and some energy is cancelled out . One example is the lactose permease which allows protons to go down its concentration gradient into the cell while also pumping lactose into the cell . Pores :", "sentences": [ "This picture represents symport .", "The yellow triangle shows the concentration gradient for the yellow circles while the green triangle shows the concentration gradient for the green circles and the purple rods are the transport protein bundle .", "The green circles are moving against their concentration gradient through a transport protein which requires energy while the yellow circles move down their concentration gradient which releases energy .", "The yellow circles produce more energy through chemiosmosis than what is required to move the green circles so the movement is coupled and some energy is cancelled out .", "One example is the lactose permease which allows protons to go down its concentration gradient into the cell while also pumping lactose into the cell .", "Pores :" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "We Are the World", "text": "Chart ( 1985 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( Ö3 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) South African Chart Spain ( AFYVE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) 76 US Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) 27 US Cash Box", "sentences": [ "Chart ( 1985 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )", "Austria ( Ö3 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM )", "Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista )", "France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA )", "Italy ( FIMI ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )", "Norway ( VG - lista )", "South African Chart Spain ( AFYVE )", "Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan )", "Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )", "US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) 76 US Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) 27 US Cash Box" ] } ]

[ { "answer": "", "selected_sentences": [], "meta": { "annotator": [], "has_minimal_answer": false, "non_consecutive": false, "round": 0, "skip": false } } ]

[ { "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)", "text": "No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey . The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside . At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards . At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon . He later finds Jorah in a cell . In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke . Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire . The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light . In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies . She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara . Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty . Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons . 62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege . She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her . Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone . Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship . Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South . Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons . Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell . After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers . He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance . Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection . Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's . Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured . Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea . 63 `` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone . Daenerys demands his fealty . He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead . Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass . Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis . Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa . In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won . She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime . Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death . In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys . Ebrose forgives Samwell . Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned . Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships . The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army . Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death . After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey . 64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills . Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North . Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination . Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing . In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead . Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction . Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action . Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces . Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn . Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack . Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him . 65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing . Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former . Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys . Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea . Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance . Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant . Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone . With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam . At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room . Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real . 66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa . Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey . Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos . At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei . Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence . After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army . Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help . Thoros freezes to death overnight . Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons . The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it . Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon . Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape . When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen . The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army . 67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters . Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave . Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally . Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros . Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north . Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love . At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara . At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial . After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him . Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage . They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret . At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south .", "sentences": [ "No .", "overall", "No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey .", "The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside .", "At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards .", "At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon .", "He later finds Jorah in a cell .", "In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke .", "Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire .", "The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light .", "In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies .", "She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara .", "Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty .", "Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons .", "62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege .", "She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her .", "Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone .", "Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship .", "Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South .", "Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons .", "Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell .", "After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers .", "He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance .", "Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection .", "Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's .", "Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured .", "Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea .", "63", "`` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone .", "Daenerys demands his fealty .", "He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead .", "Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass .", "Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis .", "Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa .", "In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won .", "She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime .", "Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death .", "In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys .", "Ebrose forgives Samwell .", "Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned .", "Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships .", "The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army .", "Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death .", "After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey .", "64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills .", "Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North .", "Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination .", "Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing .", "In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead .", "Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction .", "Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action .", "Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces .", "Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn .", "Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack .", "Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him .", "65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing .", "Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former .", "Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys .", "Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea .", "Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance .", "Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant .", "Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone .", "With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam .", "At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room .", "Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real .", "66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa .", "Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey .", "Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos .", "At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei .", "Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence .", "After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army .", "Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help .", "Thoros freezes to death overnight .", "Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons .", "The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it .", "Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon .", "Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape .", "When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen .", "The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army .", "67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters .", "Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave .", "Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally .", "Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros .", "Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north .", "Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love .", "At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara .", "At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial .", "After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him .", "Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage .", "They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret .", "At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Brigham and Women's Hospital", "text": "Dana - Farber / Brigham and Women 's Cancer Center : The center brings together a cancer institute and a hospital , creating 13 specialized disease centers . Carl J. and Ruth Shapiro Cardiovascular Center . Brigham and Women 's Orthopedic and Arthritis Center : They specialize in research and therapies for bone and joint disease and injury . Brigham and Women 's Neurosciences Institute : The BWH Neurosciences Institute offers treatments for all diseases of the nervous system . The institute integrates neurology , neurosurgery , psychiatry and neuroradiology , with advanced research and clinical trials . Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women 's Health : BWH specializes in high - risk obstetric care , newborn intensive care , infertility services , complex gynecologic surgery , and gender - specific care . Osher Center for Integrative Medicine including chiropractic care .", "sentences": [ "Dana - Farber / Brigham and Women 's Cancer Center : The center brings together a cancer institute and a hospital , creating 13 specialized disease centers .", "Carl J. and Ruth Shapiro Cardiovascular Center .", "Brigham and Women 's Orthopedic and Arthritis Center : They specialize in research and therapies for bone and joint disease and injury .", "Brigham and Women 's Neurosciences Institute : The BWH Neurosciences Institute offers treatments for all diseases of the nervous system .", "The institute integrates neurology , neurosurgery , psychiatry and neuroradiology , with advanced research and clinical trials .", "Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women 's Health : BWH specializes in high - risk obstetric care , newborn intensive care , infertility services , complex gynecologic surgery , and gender - specific care .", "Osher Center for Integrative Medicine including chiropractic care ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Major League Baseball transactions", "text": "Once a player has been placed on a team 's 40 - man roster , a team has 3 option years on that player . A player is considered to have used one of those three option years when he spends at least 20 days in the minors in any of those 3 seasons . A team may have a fourth option year on a player with less than five full seasons of professional experience , provided that both conditions below are met . A player has not spent at least 90 days on an active professional roster in a season . Minor leagues that play below Class A Advanced have seasons that are shorter than 90 days , and as such , any player who spends a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short - season ) league will receive a fourth option year . A player has not spent at least 60 days on an active professional roster AND then at least 30 days on a disabled list in a season . Only after 60 days have been spent on an active professional roster does time spent on the disabled list count towards the 90 - day threshold . As with the prior example , this can not occur with players who spend a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short season ) league .", "sentences": [ "Once a player has been placed on a team 's 40 - man roster , a team has 3 option years on that player .", "A player is considered to have used one of those three option years when he spends at least 20 days in the minors in any of those 3 seasons .", "A team may have a fourth option year on a player with less than five full seasons of professional experience , provided that both conditions below are met .", "A player has not spent at least 90 days on an active professional roster in a season .", "Minor leagues that play below Class A Advanced have seasons that are shorter than 90 days , and as such , any player who spends a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short - season )", "league will receive a fourth option year .", "A player has not spent at least 60 days on an active professional roster AND then at least 30 days on a disabled list in a season .", "Only after 60 days have been spent on an active professional roster does time spent on the disabled list count towards the 90 - day threshold .", "As with the prior example , this can not occur with players who spend a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short season ) league ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "All the Money in the World", "text": "The kidnappers cut off one of Paul 's ears and mail it to a major newspaper , claiming that they will continue mutilating him until the ransom is paid . Berated by an exasperated Chase , Getty finally relents and agrees to pay the full ransom , also voiding the parental agreement with Gail . Gail and Chase take the money to Italy and follow specific instructions from the captors , leaving the money in a remote location and receiving orders to pick up Paul from a construction site . However , a frightened Paul runs away from the site towards the nearest town , miles away . Meanwhile the captors realize that Chase has broken his word and led the police to them ; angry , they decide to find and kill Paul . Chase , Gail , and the captors arrive at the town to look for Paul . One of the kidnappers finds Paul first , but Cinquanta attacks the man in order to allow Paul to escape . Chase and Gail find Paul and smuggle him out of the country to safety .", "sentences": [ "The kidnappers cut off one of Paul 's ears and mail it to a major newspaper , claiming that they will continue mutilating him until the ransom is paid .", "Berated by an exasperated Chase , Getty finally relents and agrees to pay the full ransom , also voiding the parental agreement with Gail .", "Gail and Chase take the money to Italy and follow specific instructions from the captors , leaving the money in a remote location and receiving orders to pick up Paul from a construction site .", "However , a frightened Paul runs away from the site towards the nearest town , miles away .", "Meanwhile the captors realize that Chase has broken his word and led the police to them ; angry , they decide to find and kill Paul .", "Chase , Gail , and the captors arrive at the town to look for Paul .", "One of the kidnappers finds Paul first , but Cinquanta attacks the man in order to allow Paul to escape .", "Chase and Gail find Paul and smuggle him out of the country to safety ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Moon landing", "text": "The GRAIL mission consisted of two small spacecraft : GRAIL A ( Ebb ) , and GRAIL B ( Flow ) . They were launched on 10 September 2011 on board a Delta II rocket . GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch , and GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later . The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012 . The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on 17 December 2012 .", "sentences": [ "The GRAIL mission consisted of two small spacecraft :", "GRAIL A ( Ebb ) , and GRAIL B ( Flow ) .", "They were launched on 10 September 2011 on board a Delta II rocket .", "GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch , and GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later .", "The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012 .", "The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on 17 December 2012 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Ecological imperialism", "text": "The fur trade also upset the ecological balance of North America . `` Restraint was n't a hallmark of the fur trade . In 1822 , in the north western regions of the country alone , the Hudson 's Bay Company stockpiled 1500 fox skins , a paltry number compared with the 106,000 beaver skins , but too many none the less . The fur traders had miscalculated . As predators , they had failed to adapt to their prey , and their prey , in turn , retaliated with denial . Of course , the red fox did n't render himself extinct . His numbers merely shrank . '' .", "sentences": [ "The fur trade also upset the ecological balance of North America .", "`` Restraint was n't a hallmark of the fur trade .", "In 1822 , in the north western regions of the country alone , the Hudson 's Bay Company stockpiled 1500 fox skins , a paltry number compared with the 106,000 beaver skins , but too many none the less .", "The fur traders had miscalculated .", "As predators , they had failed to adapt to their prey , and their prey , in turn , retaliated with denial .", "Of course , the red fox did n't render himself extinct .", "His numbers merely shrank . '' ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Girl Next Door (2007 film)", "text": "Living next door to the Chandlers , David is aware of the charisma Ruth has , since she freely allows her sons and their neighborhood friends to her house , where she entertains them and offers them beer and cigarettes . Meanwhile , Ruth starves Meg , accuses her of being a whore and subjects her to misogynistic lectures , whilst her children listen . One day , David visits the Chandler residence , where he sees the Chandler sons tickling Meg . Ralphie inappropriately tickles Meg 's breasts , prompting her to fend him off as she runs from the room . His brothers humiliate Susan and when Ralphie brings Ruth to the situation , Ruth reprimands her for forgiving Meg 's actions . Ruth beats Susan 's bare buttocks as the Chandler sons restrain a horrified Meg , who came back to the room to save Susan . Ruth then takes the ring that Meg wears around her neck , which belonged to her mother .", "sentences": [ "Living next door to the Chandlers , David is aware of the charisma Ruth has , since she freely allows her sons and their neighborhood friends to her house , where she entertains them and offers them beer and cigarettes .", "Meanwhile , Ruth starves Meg , accuses her of being a whore and subjects her to misogynistic lectures , whilst her children listen .", "One day , David visits the Chandler residence , where he sees the Chandler sons tickling Meg .", "Ralphie inappropriately tickles Meg 's breasts , prompting her to fend him off as she runs from the room .", "His brothers humiliate Susan and when Ralphie brings Ruth to the situation , Ruth reprimands her for forgiving Meg 's actions .", "Ruth beats Susan 's bare buttocks as the Chandler sons restrain a horrified Meg , who came back to the room to save Susan .", "Ruth then takes the ring that Meg wears around her neck , which belonged to her mother ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "My Princess", "text": "Dr. Cox 's comment of `` My name is Percival Cox . You 're killing my friend . Prepare to die '' , is a reference to the famous line from The Princess Bride : `` Hello . My name is Inigo Montoya . You killed my father . Prepare to die ! ''", "sentences": [ "Dr. Cox 's comment of `` My name is Percival Cox .", "You 're killing my friend .", "Prepare to die '' , is a reference to the famous line from The Princess Bride : `` Hello .", "My name is Inigo Montoya .", "You killed my father .", "Prepare to die ! ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Bats of the United States", "text": "Canyon bat Parastrellus hesperus Tricolored bat Perimyotis subflavus Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Allen 's Big - eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum Rafinesque 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii Townsend 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius California Myotis Myotis californicus Western Small - footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Long - eared Myotis Myotis evotis Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Keen 's Myotis Myotis keenii Eastern Small - footed Myotis Myotis leibii Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Arizona Myotis Myotis occultus Northern Long - eared Myotis Myotis septentrionalis Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Long - legged Myotis Myotis volans Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Silver - haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans", "sentences": [ "Canyon bat Parastrellus hesperus Tricolored bat Perimyotis subflavus Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Allen 's Big - eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis", "Spotted Bat", "Euderma maculatum Rafinesque 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii", "Townsend 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius California Myotis Myotis californicus Western Small - footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Long - eared Myotis Myotis evotis Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Keen 's Myotis Myotis keenii", "Eastern Small - footed Myotis Myotis leibii Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Arizona Myotis Myotis occultus Northern Long - eared Myotis Myotis septentrionalis Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Long - legged Myotis Myotis volans", "Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Silver - haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak", "text": "Snow 's analysis of cholera and cholera outbreaks extended past the closure of the Broad Street pump . He concluded that cholera was transmitted through and affected the alimentary canal within the human body . Cholera did not affect either the circulatory or the nervous system and there was no `` poison in the blood ... in the consecutive fever ... the blood became poisoned from urea getting into the circulation '' . According to Snow , this `` urea '' would entered the blood through kidney failure . ( Acute renal failure is a complication of cholera . )", "sentences": [ "Snow 's analysis of cholera and cholera outbreaks extended past the closure of the Broad Street pump .", "He concluded that cholera was transmitted through and affected the alimentary canal within the human body .", "Cholera did not affect either the circulatory or the nervous system and there was no `` poison in the blood ... in the consecutive fever ...", "the blood became poisoned from urea getting into the circulation '' .", "According to Snow , this `` urea '' would entered the blood through kidney failure .", "( Acute renal failure is a complication of cholera . )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Walt Disney World International Program", "text": "Participants in the International College Program -- Summer Work Program ( ICP ) participate in a program similar to the Walt Disney World College Program 's Summer Program . The program coincides with the participants summer vacation / holiday from their college or university . This program is reserved for students who are currently enrolled in an accredited college or university and are pursuing a three - or four - year degree . This program lasts between 2 and 3 months . Participants in the International College Program -- J - 1 Academic Exchange ( ICP Academic ) participate in a program which mirrors the Walt Disney World College Program very similarly . Students may spend up to a full year working at the resort while taking coursework through the Disney College Program and distance learning at their U.S. sponsoring university . Alternatively , students may spend five months studying at their U.S. sponsoring universities and seven months working and taking classes at the Walt Disney World Resort . This program is available to current students and recent university graduates . As the student is technically a student of their U.S. sponsoring university , the student may be liable to paying tuition fees and other university related expenses to that university .", "sentences": [ "Participants in the International College Program -- Summer Work Program ( ICP ) participate in a program similar to the Walt Disney World College Program 's Summer Program .", "The program coincides with the participants summer vacation / holiday from their college or university .", "This program is reserved for students who are currently enrolled in an accredited college or university and are pursuing a three - or four - year degree .", "This program lasts between 2 and 3 months .", "Participants in the International College Program -- J - 1 Academic Exchange ( ICP Academic ) participate in a program which mirrors the Walt Disney World College Program very similarly .", "Students may spend up to a full year working at the resort while taking coursework through the Disney College Program and distance learning at their U.S. sponsoring university .", "Alternatively , students may spend five months studying at their U.S. sponsoring universities and seven months working and taking classes at the Walt Disney World Resort .", "This program is available to current students and recent university graduates .", "As the student is technically a student of their U.S. sponsoring university , the student may be liable to paying tuition fees and other university related expenses to that university ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Fictional world of The Hunger Games", "text": "Before the Dark Days war , District 13 specialized in nuclear technology , mining graphite , and the development of emerging technologies for use by Panem 's military . It was also the Capitol 's primary military -- industrial complex and weapons manufacturer until the rebellion . During the Dark Days , they were one of the major forces of the rebellion . Near the end of the Dark Days they managed to take control of the nuclear arsenal . District 13 was supposedly bombed and destroyed before the first annual Hunger Games at the end of the Dark Days war , but it was hinted in Catching Fire that they had survived , and in Mockingjay it is confirmed that District 13 had become , literally , an underground district when the population retreated to bunkers . After the Capitol and District 13 agreed to cease hostilities towards one another under the doctrine of mutually assured destruction , the Capitol spread the story that District 13 had been destroyed ; District 13 had control of the primary nuclear weapons stockpile and the Capitol did not want a nuclear war . This underground district maintains concealed livestock and vegetable farms in order to survive after the Capitol destroyed everything above ground , so as not to arouse the suspicion of the other districts . This was a risk that , according to Katniss , the Capitol had underestimated . District 13 is a week away from District 12 on foot .", "sentences": [ "Before the Dark Days war , District 13 specialized in nuclear technology , mining graphite , and the development of emerging technologies for use by Panem 's military .", "It was also the Capitol 's primary military -- industrial complex and weapons manufacturer until the rebellion .", "During the Dark Days , they were one of the major forces of the rebellion .", "Near the end of the Dark Days they managed to take control of the nuclear arsenal .", "District 13 was supposedly bombed and destroyed before the first annual Hunger Games at the end of the Dark Days war , but it was hinted in Catching Fire that they had survived , and in Mockingjay it is confirmed that District 13 had become , literally , an underground district when the population retreated to bunkers .", "After the Capitol and District 13 agreed to cease hostilities towards one another under the doctrine of mutually assured destruction , the Capitol spread the story that District 13 had been destroyed ; District 13 had control of the primary nuclear weapons stockpile and the Capitol did not want a nuclear war .", "This underground district maintains concealed livestock and vegetable farms in order to survive after the Capitol destroyed everything above ground , so as not to arouse the suspicion of the other districts .", "This was a risk that , according to Katniss , the Capitol had underestimated .", "District 13 is a week away from District 12 on foot ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "National symbols of the Philippines", "text": "Republic Act 8491 , known also as Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines , stipulates the code for national flag , anthem , motto , coat - of - arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines . According to Article XIV Section 6 of the Constitution of the Philippines , the national language of the Philippines is Filipino . Apart from RA 8491 and the Constitution , the Philippines has only five official national symbols enacted either through a proclamation by the executive department or through a Republic Act by the legislative department , namely sampaguita , narra , the Philippine eagle , the Philippine pearl and arnis . In 1934 , during the Commonwealth era , Governor - General Frank Murphy declared sampaguita and narra as national flower and national tree , respectively , through Proclamation No. 652 . Philippine President Fidel Ramos proclaimed the Philippine eagle as the national bird in 1995 through Proclamation No. 615 . Ramos also declared the South Sea Pearl or Philippine Pearl as the national gem in 1996 through Proclamation No. 905 . In 2009 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo declared arnis as the national sport and martial art through Republic Act 9850 .", "sentences": [ "Republic Act 8491 , known also as Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines , stipulates the code for national flag , anthem , motto , coat - of - arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines .", "According to Article XIV Section 6 of the Constitution of the Philippines , the national language of the Philippines is Filipino .", "Apart from RA 8491 and the Constitution , the Philippines has only five official national symbols enacted either through a proclamation by the executive department or through a Republic Act by the legislative department , namely sampaguita , narra , the Philippine eagle , the Philippine pearl and arnis .", "In 1934 , during the Commonwealth era , Governor - General Frank Murphy declared sampaguita and narra as national flower and national tree , respectively , through Proclamation No. 652 .", "Philippine President Fidel Ramos proclaimed the Philippine eagle as the national bird in 1995 through Proclamation No. 615 .", "Ramos also declared the South Sea Pearl or Philippine Pearl as the national gem in 1996 through Proclamation No. 905 .", "In 2009 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo declared arnis as the national sport and martial art through Republic Act 9850 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Mountain Between Us (film)", "text": "When Ben tells Alex he is going outside to get more wood for the fire , the culmination of all of their experiences together finally overcomes them . No longer able to resist each other , they have sex . As Ben sleeps afterwards , Alex takes his picture . Deciding that they still wo n't make it , Alex again asks Ben to leave her behind to find help and return . Ben initially agrees but has regrets about leaving her behind just for a moment . He returns once more and they begin to press forward again . As they make their way down , Alex begins to tire quickly . However , Ben still refuses to leave her behind . They fall asleep in the woods . Eventually , they find a timber yard on the mountain and they make their way to it . Ben gets his leg caught in a bear trap . Alex keeps going and she 's rescued by a truck driver , who goes back and rescues Ben .", "sentences": [ "When Ben tells Alex he is going outside to get more wood for the fire , the culmination of all of their experiences together finally overcomes them .", "No longer able to resist each other , they have sex .", "As Ben sleeps afterwards , Alex takes his picture .", "Deciding that they still wo n't make it , Alex again asks Ben to leave her behind to find help and return .", "Ben initially agrees but has regrets about leaving her behind just for a moment .", "He returns once more and they begin to press forward again .", "As they make their way down , Alex begins to tire quickly .", "However , Ben still refuses to leave her behind .", "They fall asleep in the woods .", "Eventually , they find a timber yard on the mountain and they make their way to it .", "Ben gets his leg caught in a bear trap .", "Alex keeps going and she 's rescued by a truck driver , who goes back and rescues Ben ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Chromatin", "text": "γH2AX , the phosphorylated form of H2AX is also involved in the early steps leading to chromatin decondensation after DNA damage occurrence . The histone variant H2AX constitutes about 10 % of the H2A histones in human chromatin . γH2AX ( H2AX phosphorylated on serine 139 ) can be detected as soon as 20 seconds after irradiation of cells ( with DNA double - strand break formation ) , and half maximum accumulation of γH2AX occurs in one minute . The extent of chromatin with phosphorylated γH2AX is about two million base pairs at the site of a DNA double - strand break . γH2AX does not , itself , cause chromatin decondensation , but within 30 seconds of irradiation , RNF8 protein can be detected in association with γH2AX . RNF8 mediates extensive chromatin decondensation , through its subsequent interaction with CHD4 , a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex NuRD .", "sentences": [ "γH2AX , the phosphorylated form of H2AX is also involved in the early steps leading to chromatin decondensation after DNA damage occurrence .", "The histone variant H2AX constitutes about 10 % of the H2A histones in human chromatin .", "γH2AX ( H2AX phosphorylated on serine 139 ) can be detected as soon as 20 seconds after irradiation of cells ( with DNA double - strand break formation ) , and half maximum accumulation of γH2AX occurs in one minute .", "The extent of chromatin with phosphorylated γH2AX is about two million base pairs at the site of a DNA double - strand break .", "γH2AX does not , itself , cause chromatin decondensation , but within 30 seconds of irradiation , RNF8 protein can be detected in association with γH2AX .", "RNF8 mediates extensive chromatin decondensation , through its subsequent interaction with CHD4 , a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex NuRD ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Poetic Justice (film)", "text": "Due to the film 's casting of two major music stars of the time , there was a lot of hype surrounding the release of the movie . Many were excited to see how the dynamic between Janet Jackson and Tupac Shakur would manifest itself in the film both visually and musically . On the soundtrack , each artist was given a single song . Tupac 's `` Definition of a Thug Nigga '' is an example of braggadocios , violent rap music . The song conflates lyrics of degrading women with aggressive threats and discussions of firearms . Conversely , Janet Jackson 's `` Again '' details the story of a woman returning to the man she loved after he betrayed her . The song is a returning victim narrative without any explicit mentions of physical and emotional abuse ( just general wrongdoing ) .", "sentences": [ "Due to the film 's casting of two major music stars of the time , there was a lot of hype surrounding the release of the movie .", "Many were excited to see how the dynamic between Janet Jackson and Tupac Shakur would manifest itself in the film both visually and musically .", "On the soundtrack , each artist was given a single song .", "Tupac 's `` Definition of a Thug Nigga '' is an example of braggadocios , violent rap music .", "The song conflates lyrics of degrading women with aggressive threats and discussions of firearms .", "Conversely , Janet Jackson 's `` Again '' details the story of a woman returning to the man she loved after he betrayed her .", "The song is a returning victim narrative without any explicit mentions of physical and emotional abuse ( just general wrongdoing ) ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Can't Take My Eyes Off You", "text": "`` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' Cover of the 1967 US single Single by Frankie Valli from the album Frankie Valli : Solo B - side `` The Trouble With Me '' Released May 1967 ( 1967 - 05 ) Format 7 '' Recorded April 1967 Genre Pop Length 2 : 58 Label Philips Songwriter ( s ) Bob Crewe Bob Gaudio Producer ( s ) Bob Crewe Frankie Valli singles chronology `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 ) `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )", "sentences": [ "`` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You ''", "Cover of the 1967 US single Single by Frankie Valli from the album Frankie Valli : Solo B - side `` The Trouble With Me '' Released May 1967 ( 1967 - 05 )", "Format 7 '' Recorded April 1967", "Genre Pop Length 2 : 58 Label Philips Songwriter ( s )", "Bob Crewe Bob Gaudio Producer ( s ) Bob Crewe Frankie Valli singles chronology `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 )", "`` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )", "`` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Grey's Anatomy (season 13)", "text": "On the day before Alex 's trial , Bailey , Arizona and Jo drive with medical equipment including an advanced ultrasound machine to a maximum security women 's prison hospital to treat a violent teenage inmate and her unborn baby . Jo bonds with the inmate , who says that she had good times with her mother in the past and that her mother will be taking care of the baby for her until she is released . However , her mother is downstairs and tells the doctors that her actual plan is to adopt the baby . The doctors wrestle with whether to tell the inmate about this news , given her violent tendencies . When the inmate goes into labor she demands to see her mother . Jo finally says that she is downstairs but refuses to come up , and the doctors help the inmate through the delivery . Later Arizona scornfully tells her mother that the delivery was a success , and asks whether she will abandon this baby too if she turns out bad . Meanwhile , Bailey learns about the realities of patient care in a prison environment . On the way back home , Bailey tells Jo that Alex plans to take the plea deal and will be going to jail , which makes her throw up .", "sentences": [ "On the day before Alex 's trial , Bailey , Arizona and Jo drive with medical equipment including an advanced ultrasound machine to a maximum security women 's prison hospital to treat a violent teenage inmate and her unborn baby .", "Jo bonds with the inmate , who says that she had good times with her mother in the past and that her mother will be taking care of the baby for her until she is released .", "However , her mother is downstairs and tells the doctors that her actual plan is to adopt the baby .", "The doctors wrestle with whether to tell the inmate about this news , given her violent tendencies .", "When the inmate goes into labor she demands to see her mother .", "Jo finally says that she is downstairs but refuses to come up , and the doctors help the inmate through the delivery .", "Later Arizona scornfully tells her mother that the delivery was a success , and asks whether she will abandon this baby too if she turns out bad .", "Meanwhile , Bailey learns about the realities of patient care in a prison environment .", "On the way back home , Bailey tells Jo that Alex plans to take the plea deal and will be going to jail , which makes her throw up ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Autophagy", "text": "Alternatively , autophagy has also been shown to play a huge role in tumor cell survival . In cancerous cells , autophagy is used as a way to deal with stress on the cell . Once these autophagy related genes were inhibited , cell death was potentiated . The increase in metabolic energy is offset by autophagy functions . These metabolic stresses include hypoxia , nutrient deprivation , and an increase in proliferation . These stresses activate autophagy in order to recycle ATP and maintain survival of the cancerous cells . Autophagy has been shown to enable continued growth of tumor cells by maintaining cellular energy production . By inhibiting autophagy genes in these tumors cells , regression of the tumor and extended survival of the organs affected by the tumors were found . Furthermore , inhibition of autophagy has also been shown to enhance the effectiveness of anticancer therapies .", "sentences": [ "Alternatively , autophagy has also been shown to play a huge role in tumor cell survival .", "In cancerous cells , autophagy is used as a way to deal with stress on the cell .", "Once these autophagy related genes were inhibited , cell death was potentiated .", "The increase in metabolic energy is offset by autophagy functions .", "These metabolic stresses include hypoxia , nutrient deprivation , and an increase in proliferation .", "These stresses activate autophagy in order to recycle ATP and maintain survival of the cancerous cells .", "Autophagy has been shown to enable continued growth of tumor cells by maintaining cellular energy production .", "By inhibiting autophagy genes in these tumors cells , regression of the tumor and extended survival of the organs affected by the tumors were found .", "Furthermore , inhibition of autophagy has also been shown to enhance the effectiveness of anticancer therapies ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Game of Thrones", "text": "The music for the series was composed by Ramin Djawadi . The first season 's soundtrack , written in about ten weeks before the show 's premiere , was published by Varèse Sarabande in June 2011 . Soundtrack albums for subsequent seasons have been released , with tracks by the National , the Hold Steady and Sigur Rós . Djawadi has composed themes for each of the major houses and also for some of the main characters . The themes may evolve over time , as Daenerys Targaryen 's theme started small and then became more powerful after each season . Her theme started first with a single instrument , a cello , and Djawadi later incorporated more instruments for it .", "sentences": [ "The music for the series was composed by Ramin Djawadi .", "The first season 's soundtrack , written in about ten weeks before the show 's premiere , was published by Varèse Sarabande in June 2011 .", "Soundtrack albums for subsequent seasons have been released , with tracks by the National , the Hold Steady and Sigur Rós .", "Djawadi has composed themes for each of the major houses and also for some of the main characters .", "The themes may evolve over time , as Daenerys Targaryen 's theme started small and then became more powerful after each season .", "Her theme started first with a single instrument , a cello , and Djawadi later incorporated more instruments for it ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Economy of New Zealand", "text": "Taxation in New Zealand is collected at a national level by the Inland Revenue Department ( IRD ) on behalf of the Government of New Zealand . National taxes are levied on personal and business income , and on the supply of goods and services ( GST ) . There is no capital gains tax although certain `` gains '' such as profits on the sale of patent rights are deemed to be income , income tax does apply to property transactions in certain circumstances , particularly speculation . Local property taxes ( rates ) are managed and collected by local authorities . Some goods and services carry a specific tax , referred to as an excise or a duty such as alcohol excise or gaming duty . These are collected by a range of government agencies such as the New Zealand Customs Service . There is no social security ( payroll ) tax or land tax in New Zealand .", "sentences": [ "Taxation in New Zealand is collected at a national level by the Inland Revenue Department ( IRD ) on behalf of the Government of New Zealand .", "National taxes are levied on personal and business income , and on the supply of goods and services ( GST ) .", "There is no capital gains tax although certain `` gains '' such as profits on the sale of patent rights are deemed to be income , income tax does apply to property transactions in certain circumstances , particularly speculation .", "Local property taxes ( rates ) are managed and collected by local authorities .", "Some goods and services carry a specific tax , referred to as an excise or a duty such as alcohol excise or gaming duty .", "These are collected by a range of government agencies such as the New Zealand Customs Service .", "There is no social security ( payroll ) tax or land tax in New Zealand ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Human brain", "text": "Brain activity is made possible by the interconnections of neurons that are linked together to reach their targets . A neuron consists of a cell body , axon , and dendrites . Dendrites are often extensive branches that receive information in the form of signals from the axon terminals of other neurons . The signals received may cause the neuron to initiate an action potential ( an electrochemical signal or nerve impulse ) which is sent along its axon to the axon terminal , to connect with the dendrites or with the cell body of another neuron . An action potential is initiated at the initial segment of an axon , which contains a complex of proteins . When an action potential , reaches the axon terminal it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse that propagates a signal that acts on the target cell . These chemical neurotransmitters include dopamine , serotonin , GABA , glutamate , and acetylcholine . GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain , and glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter . Neurons link at synapses to form pathways and elaborate neural networks , and the activity between them is driven by the process of neurotransmission .", "sentences": [ "Brain activity is made possible by the interconnections of neurons that are linked together to reach their targets .", "A neuron consists of a cell body , axon , and dendrites .", "Dendrites are often extensive branches that receive information in the form of signals from the axon terminals of other neurons .", "The signals received may cause the neuron to initiate an action potential ( an electrochemical signal or nerve impulse ) which is sent along its axon to the axon terminal , to connect with the dendrites or with the cell body of another neuron .", "An action potential is initiated at the initial segment of an axon , which contains a complex of proteins .", "When an action potential , reaches the axon terminal it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse that propagates a signal that acts on the target cell .", "These chemical neurotransmitters include dopamine , serotonin , GABA , glutamate , and acetylcholine .", "GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain , and glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter .", "Neurons link at synapses to form pathways and elaborate neural networks , and the activity between them is driven by the process of neurotransmission ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Neurotransmitter", "text": "Neurotransmitter systems in the brain System Pathway origin and projections Regulated cognitive processes and behaviors Noradrenaline system Noradrenergic pathways : Locus coeruleus ( LC ) projections LC → Amygdala and Hippocampus LC → Brain stem and Spinal cord LC → Cerebellum LC → Cerebral cortex LC → Hypothalamus LC → Tectum LC → Thalamus LC → Ventral tegmental area Lateral tegmental field ( LTF ) projections LTF → Brain stem and Spinal cord LTF → Olfactory bulb anxiety arousal ( wakefulness ) circadian rhythm cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by dopamine ) feeding and energy homeostasis medullary control of respiration negative emotional memory nociception ( perception of pain ) reward ( minor role ) Dopamine system Dopaminergic pathways : Ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) projections VTA → Amygdala VTA → Cingulate cortex VTA → Hippocampus VTA → Ventral striatum ( Mesolimbic pathway ) VTA → Olfactory bulb VTA → Prefrontal cortex ( Mesocortical pathway ) Nigrostriatal pathway Substantia nigra pars compacta → Dorsal striatum Tuberoinfundibular pathway Arcuate nucleus → Median eminence arousal ( wakefulness ) aversion cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by norepinephrine ) emotion and mood motivation ( motivational salience ) motor function positive reinforcement reward ( primary mediator ) sexual arousal , orgasm , and refractory period ( via neuroendocrine regulation ) Histamine system Histaminergic pathways : Tuberomammillary nucleus ( TMN ) projections TMN → Cerebral cortex TMN → Hippocampus TMN → Neostriatum TMN → Nucleus accumbens TMN → Amygdala TMN → Hypothalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) feeding and energy homeostasis learning memory Serotonin system Serotonergic pathways : Caudal nuclei ( CN ) : Raphe magnus , raphe pallidus , and raphe obscurus Caudal projections CN → Cerebral cortex CN → Thalamus CN → Caudate - putamen and nucleus accumbens CN → Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area Rostral nuclei ( RN ) : Nucleus linearis , dorsal raphe , medial raphe , and raphe pontis Rostral projections RN → Amygdala RN → Cingulate cortex RN → Hippocampus RN → Hypothalamus RN → Neocortex RN → Septum RN → Thalamus RN → Ventral tegmental area arousal ( wakefulness ) body temperature regulation emotion and mood , potentially including aggression feeding and energy homeostasis reward ( minor role ) sensory perception Acetylcholine system Cholinergic pathways : Forebrain cholinergic nuclei ( FCN ) : Nucleus basalis of Meynert , medial septal nucleus , and diagonal band Forebrain nuclei projections FCN → Hippocampus FCN → Cerebral cortex FCN → Limbic cortex and sensory cortex Brainstem cholinergic nuclei ( BCN ) : Pedunculopontine nucleus , laterodorsal tegmentum , medial habenula , and parabigeminal nucleus Brainstem nuclei projections BCN → Ventral tegmental area BCN → Thalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) emotion and mood learning motor function motivation ( motivational salience ) short - term memory reward ( minor role )", "sentences": [ "Neurotransmitter systems in the brain System Pathway origin and projections Regulated cognitive processes and behaviors Noradrenaline system Noradrenergic pathways : Locus coeruleus ( LC ) projections LC → Amygdala and Hippocampus LC → Brain stem and Spinal cord LC → Cerebellum LC → Cerebral cortex LC → Hypothalamus LC → Tectum LC → Thalamus LC → Ventral tegmental area Lateral tegmental field ( LTF ) projections LTF → Brain stem and Spinal cord LTF → Olfactory bulb anxiety arousal ( wakefulness ) circadian rhythm cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by dopamine ) feeding and energy homeostasis medullary control of respiration negative emotional memory nociception ( perception of pain ) reward ( minor role )", "Dopamine system Dopaminergic pathways : Ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) projections VTA → Amygdala VTA → Cingulate cortex VTA → Hippocampus VTA → Ventral striatum ( Mesolimbic pathway )", "VTA → Olfactory bulb VTA → Prefrontal cortex ( Mesocortical pathway )", "Nigrostriatal pathway Substantia nigra pars compacta → Dorsal striatum Tuberoinfundibular pathway", "Arcuate nucleus → Median eminence arousal ( wakefulness ) aversion cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by norepinephrine ) emotion and mood motivation ( motivational salience ) motor function positive reinforcement reward ( primary mediator ) sexual arousal , orgasm , and refractory period ( via neuroendocrine regulation ) Histamine system Histaminergic pathways : Tuberomammillary nucleus ( TMN ) projections TMN → Cerebral cortex TMN → Hippocampus TMN → Neostriatum TMN → Nucleus accumbens TMN → Amygdala TMN → Hypothalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) feeding and energy homeostasis learning memory Serotonin system Serotonergic pathways : Caudal nuclei ( CN ) : Raphe magnus , raphe pallidus , and raphe obscurus Caudal projections CN → Cerebral cortex CN → Thalamus CN → Caudate - putamen and nucleus accumbens CN → Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area Rostral nuclei ( RN ) :", "Nucleus linearis , dorsal raphe , medial raphe , and raphe pontis Rostral projections RN → Amygdala RN → Cingulate cortex RN → Hippocampus RN → Hypothalamus RN → Neocortex RN → Septum RN → Thalamus RN → Ventral tegmental area arousal ( wakefulness ) body temperature regulation emotion and mood , potentially including aggression feeding and energy homeostasis reward ( minor role ) sensory perception Acetylcholine system Cholinergic pathways :", "Forebrain cholinergic nuclei ( FCN ) :", "Nucleus basalis of Meynert , medial septal nucleus , and diagonal band", "Forebrain nuclei projections FCN → Hippocampus FCN → Cerebral cortex FCN → Limbic cortex and sensory cortex Brainstem cholinergic nuclei ( BCN ) :", "Pedunculopontine nucleus , laterodorsal tegmentum , medial habenula , and parabigeminal nucleus Brainstem nuclei projections BCN → Ventral tegmental area BCN", "→ Thalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) emotion and mood learning motor function motivation ( motivational salience ) short - term memory reward ( minor role )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Battle of Hampton Roads", "text": "Determined to complete the destruction of Minnesota , Catesby ap Roger Jones , acting as captain in Buchanan 's absence , returned the ship to the fray the next morning , March 9 . During the night , however , the ironclad Monitor had arrived and had taken a position to defend Minnesota . When Virginia approached , Monitor intercepted her . The two ironclads fought for about three hours , with neither being able to inflict significant damage on the other . The duel ended indecisively , Virginia returning to her home at the Gosport Navy Yard for repairs and strengthening , and Monitor to her station defending Minnesota . The ships did not fight again , and the blockade remained in place .", "sentences": [ "Determined to complete the destruction of Minnesota , Catesby ap Roger Jones , acting as captain in Buchanan 's absence , returned the ship to the fray the next morning , March 9 .", "During the night , however , the ironclad Monitor had arrived and had taken a position to defend Minnesota .", "When Virginia approached , Monitor intercepted her .", "The two ironclads fought for about three hours , with neither being able to inflict significant damage on the other .", "The duel ended indecisively , Virginia returning to her home at the Gosport Navy Yard for repairs and strengthening , and Monitor to her station defending Minnesota .", "The ships did not fight again , and the blockade remained in place ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of the United States Constitution", "text": "On July 2 , the Convention for the fourth time considered a `` senate '' with equal state votes . This time a vote was taken , but it stalled again , tied at 5 yes , 5 no , 1 divided . The Convention elected one delegate out of the delegation of each state onto a Committee to make a proposal ; it reported July 5 . Nothing changed over five days . July 10 , Lansing and Yates ( NY ) quit the Convention in protest over the big state majorities repeatedly overrunning the small state delegations in vote after vote . No direct vote on the basis of ' senate ' representation was pushed on the floor for another week .", "sentences": [ "On July 2 , the Convention for the fourth time considered a `` senate '' with equal state votes .", "This time a vote was taken , but it stalled again , tied at 5 yes , 5 no , 1 divided .", "The Convention elected one delegate out of the delegation of each state onto a Committee to make a proposal ; it reported July 5 .", "Nothing changed over five days .", "July 10 , Lansing and Yates ( NY ) quit the Convention in protest over the big state majorities repeatedly overrunning the small state delegations in vote after vote .", "No direct vote on the basis of ' senate ' representation was pushed on the floor for another week ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Adolescence", "text": "Facial hair in males normally appears in a specific order during puberty : The first facial hair to appear tends to grow at the corners of the upper lip , typically between 14 and 17 years of age . It then spreads to form a moustache over the entire upper lip . This is followed by the appearance of hair on the upper part of the cheeks , and the area under the lower lip . The hair eventually spreads to the sides and lower border of the chin , and the rest of the lower face to form a full beard . As with most human biological processes , this specific order may vary among some individuals . Facial hair is often present in late adolescence , around ages 17 and 18 , but may not appear until significantly later . Some men do not develop full facial hair for 10 years after puberty . Facial hair continues to get coarser , darker and thicker for another 2 -- 4 years after puberty .", "sentences": [ "Facial hair in males normally appears in a specific order during puberty : The first facial hair to appear tends to grow at the corners of the upper lip , typically between 14 and 17 years of age .", "It then spreads to form a moustache over the entire upper lip .", "This is followed by the appearance of hair on the upper part of the cheeks , and the area under the lower lip .", "The hair eventually spreads to the sides and lower border of the chin , and the rest of the lower face to form a full beard .", "As with most human biological processes , this specific order may vary among some individuals .", "Facial hair is often present in late adolescence , around ages 17 and 18 , but may not appear until significantly later .", "Some men do not develop full facial hair for 10 years after puberty .", "Facial hair continues to get coarser , darker and thicker for another 2 -- 4 years after puberty ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Google Street View", "text": "Cameras : Street View imagery has come from several generations of camera systems from Immersive Media ( 1 ) , Point Grey Research ( now FLIR Systems ) ( 2 ) and developed in - house . The cameras contain no mechanical parts , including the shutter , instead using CMOS sensors and an electronic rolling shutter . Widely deployed versions are : R2 : the earliest after Immersive Media , photos were captured with a ring of eight 11 - megapixel CCD sensors with commercial photographic wide - angle lenses , cameras with the same specs as those used for the Google Books project . Ladybug2 cameras ( resolution 1024 x 768 pixels ) by Point Grey Research . R5 : uses a ring of eight 5 - megapixel CMOS cameras by Elphel with custom low - flare lenses , plus a camera with fisheye lens on top to capture upper levels of buildings . R7 : is the first completely in - house built camera , it uses 15 of the same sensors and lenses as R5 , but no fish - eye . 2017 : uses 8 20MP cameras . Includes two facing left and right to read street signs and business names .", "sentences": [ "Cameras : Street View imagery has come from several generations of camera systems from Immersive Media ( 1 ) , Point Grey Research ( now FLIR Systems ) ( 2 ) and developed in - house .", "The cameras contain no mechanical parts , including the shutter , instead using CMOS sensors and an electronic rolling shutter .", "Widely deployed versions are : R2 : the earliest after Immersive Media , photos were captured with a ring of eight 11 - megapixel CCD sensors with commercial photographic wide - angle lenses , cameras with the same specs as those used for the Google Books project .", "Ladybug2 cameras ( resolution 1024 x 768 pixels ) by Point Grey Research .", "R5 : uses a ring of eight 5 - megapixel CMOS cameras by Elphel with custom low - flare lenses , plus a camera with fisheye lens on top to capture upper levels of buildings .", "R7 : is the first completely in - house built camera , it uses 15 of the same sensors and lenses as R5 , but no fish - eye .", "2017 : uses 8 20MP cameras .", "Includes two facing left and right to read street signs and business names ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Disk storage", "text": "The information is sent from the computer processor to the BIOS into a chip controlling the data transfer . This is then sent out to the hard drive via a multi-wire connector . Once the data is received onto the circuit board of the drive , they are translated and compressed into a format that the individual drive can use to store onto the disk itself . The data is then passed to a chip on the circuit board that controls the access to the drive . The drive is divided into sectors of data stored onto one of the sides of one of the internal disks . An HDD with two disks internally will typically store data on all four surfaces .", "sentences": [ "The information is sent from the computer processor to the BIOS into a chip controlling the data transfer .", "This is then sent out to the hard drive via a multi-wire connector .", "Once the data is received onto the circuit board of the drive , they are translated and compressed into a format that the individual drive can use to store onto the disk itself .", "The data is then passed to a chip on the circuit board that controls the access to the drive .", "The drive is divided into sectors of data stored onto one of the sides of one of the internal disks .", "An HDD with two disks internally will typically store data on all four surfaces ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of the Buffalo Bills", "text": "Titans defensive coordinator Gregg Williams took over as head coach for the 2001 season , which proved to be the worst in recent memory for the Bills . Rob Johnson went down in mid-season with an injury and Alex Van Pelt took over . Buffalo finished 3 -- 13 . The Bills even lost a much - hyped mid-season match up with `` Bills West '' ( the Flutie - led Chargers ) . After the season , they traded for quarterback Drew Bledsoe , deemed expendable by the Patriots after Tom Brady led them to a Super Bowl victory . 2002", "sentences": [ "Titans defensive coordinator Gregg Williams took over as head coach for the 2001 season , which proved to be the worst in recent memory for the Bills .", "Rob Johnson went down in mid-season with an injury and Alex Van Pelt took over .", "Buffalo finished 3 -- 13 .", "The Bills even lost a much - hyped mid-season match up with `` Bills West '' ( the Flutie - led Chargers ) .", "After the season , they traded for quarterback Drew Bledsoe , deemed expendable by the Patriots after Tom Brady led them to a Super Bowl victory .", "2002" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Gold standard", "text": "Higher interest rates intensified the deflationary pressure on the dollar and reduced investment in U.S. banks . Commercial banks converted Federal Reserve Notes to gold in 1931 , reducing its gold reserves and forcing a corresponding reduction in the amount of currency in circulation . This speculative attack created a panic in the U.S. banking system . Fearing imminent devaluation many depositors withdrew funds from U.S. banks . As bank runs grew , a reverse multiplier effect caused a contraction in the money supply . Additionally the New York Fed had loaned over $150 million in gold ( over 240 tons ) to European Central Banks . This transfer contracted the US money supply . The foreign loans became questionable once Britain , Germany , Austria and other European countries went off the gold standard in 1931 and weakened confidence in the dollar .", "sentences": [ "Higher interest rates intensified the deflationary pressure on the dollar and reduced investment in U.S. banks .", "Commercial banks converted Federal Reserve Notes to gold in 1931 , reducing its gold reserves and forcing a corresponding reduction in the amount of currency in circulation .", "This speculative attack created a panic in the U.S. banking system .", "Fearing imminent devaluation many depositors withdrew funds from U.S. banks .", "As bank runs grew , a reverse multiplier effect caused a contraction in the money supply .", "Additionally the New York Fed had loaned over $150 million in gold ( over 240 tons ) to European Central Banks .", "This transfer contracted the US money supply .", "The foreign loans became questionable once Britain , Germany , Austria and other European countries went off the gold standard in 1931 and weakened confidence in the dollar ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Eden Hazard", "text": "On 21 February 2013 , Hazard came on as a substitute against Sparta Prague and scored an individual goal in stoppage time , to send Chelsea through to the last 16 on a 2 -- 1 aggregate score . Again Hazard came off the bench to make an impact for Chelsea , scoring a goal and providing an assist to Ramires , as the Blues came back from 2 -- 0 down to salvage a 2 -- 2 draw against Manchester United in the quarter - finals of the FA Cup on 10 March , setting up a replay at Stamford Bridge . On 17 March 2013 , Hazard put in a Man of the Match performance at Stamford Bridge in a 2 -- 0 victory over West Ham United , assisting on Frank Lampard 's 200th Chelsea goal , then scoring a solo goal . On 11 May 2013 , at Villa Park , Hazard was the provider of Lampard 's brace against Aston Villa , which enabled Lampard to break Bobby Tambling 's all - time goal scoring record for Chelsea . Hazard ended his debut campaign at Chelsea with 13 goals in all competitions . 2013", "sentences": [ "On 21 February 2013 , Hazard came on as a substitute against Sparta Prague and scored an individual goal in stoppage time , to send Chelsea through to the last 16 on a 2 -- 1 aggregate score .", "Again Hazard came off the bench to make an impact for Chelsea , scoring a goal and providing an assist to Ramires , as the Blues came back from 2 -- 0 down to salvage a 2 -- 2 draw against Manchester United in the quarter - finals of the FA Cup on 10 March , setting up a replay at Stamford Bridge .", "On 17 March 2013 , Hazard put in a Man of the Match performance at Stamford Bridge in a 2 -- 0 victory over West Ham United , assisting on Frank Lampard 's 200th Chelsea goal , then scoring a solo goal .", "On 11 May 2013 , at Villa Park , Hazard was the provider of Lampard 's brace against Aston Villa , which enabled Lampard to break Bobby Tambling 's all - time goal scoring record for Chelsea .", "Hazard ended his debut campaign at Chelsea with 13 goals in all competitions .", "2013" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Matthew Rogers", "text": "Rogers was the host for the Discovery Channel shows Really Big Things in 2007 , and There Goes the Neighborhood in 2009 . As of August 2012 , he hosts Beat the Chefs on Game Show Network . Rogers is best known for hosting `` Coming Home , '' a reality docu - series on Lifetime which followed the surprise reunions of military members and their loved ones , as they returned home from active duty . Matt put his songwriting experience into play by writing and performing the theme song for `` Coming Home '' titled `` I 'm Coming Home , '' which has since served as a voice for the experience of military families around the country . He also stars in a series of commercials for Bosley Hair Restoration. ( 3 )", "sentences": [ "Rogers was the host for the Discovery Channel shows Really Big Things in 2007 , and There Goes the Neighborhood in 2009 .", "As of August 2012 , he hosts Beat the Chefs on Game Show Network .", "Rogers is best known for hosting `` Coming Home , '' a reality docu - series on Lifetime which followed the surprise reunions of military members and their loved ones , as they returned home from active duty .", "Matt put his songwriting experience into play by writing and performing the theme song for `` Coming Home '' titled `` I 'm Coming Home , '' which has since served as a voice for the experience of military families around the country .", "He also stars in a series of commercials for Bosley Hair Restoration.", "( 3 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of Good Witch episodes", "text": "Ashley , a troubled young woman , shows up at Grey House looking for a place to stay . Next door , after Nick 's trouble at school , Sam attempts to discipline him without pushing him away . After being caught between them , Grace tries to avoid Nick , but soon finds herself a pawn in another one of his lies now involving her best friend Anthony . Using intuition and some of Cassie 's advice , Grace plans to expose Nick 's lie to Sam , who must finally improve his family 's relationship . Meanwhile , Middleton prepares for the annual Heritage Festival , including a 10K race and grand ball , and bistro owner Stephanie hopes to spark a romantic connection and a date to the dance with Sam . Then , as a suspicious Brandon is eager to investigate Ashley 's background , one of Cassie 's coincidences draws Ashley and Derek together . A stranger then comes to Cassie claiming to know Ashley and reveals a long - kept secret . Cassie is caught in Ashley 's lies and Middleton 's new mystery .", "sentences": [ "Ashley , a troubled young woman , shows up at Grey House looking for a place to stay .", "Next door , after Nick 's trouble at school , Sam attempts to discipline him without pushing him away .", "After being caught between them , Grace tries to avoid Nick , but soon finds herself a pawn in another one of his lies now involving her best friend Anthony .", "Using intuition and some of Cassie 's advice , Grace plans to expose Nick 's lie to Sam , who must finally improve his family 's relationship .", "Meanwhile , Middleton prepares for the annual Heritage Festival , including a 10K race and grand ball , and bistro owner Stephanie hopes to spark a romantic connection and a date to the dance with Sam .", "Then , as a suspicious Brandon is eager to investigate Ashley 's background , one of Cassie 's coincidences draws Ashley and Derek together .", "A stranger then comes to Cassie claiming to know Ashley and reveals a long - kept secret .", "Cassie is caught in Ashley 's lies and Middleton 's new mystery ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Transformers: The Last Knight", "text": "As Cybertron anchors itself to Earth , Megatron , Nitro Zeus , and Barricade deliver the staff to Quintessa , who begins draining the life force of Earth from Unicron . Burton and the British military intervene , and Megatron shoots Burton , who dies with Cogman at his side . The Autobots arrive to join the fight with the TRF , Cade , Viviane , Izabella , and Sqweeks , landing on Cybertron and battling against Megatron and Quintessa 's minions , the Infernocons . Vanquishing their foes with help from the Knights as Dragonstorm , the Autobots reach the chamber where the staff and Quintessa are . Optimus defeats Megatron by kicking him through the Ignition Chamber 's wall , sending him flying to Earth , while Bumblebee kills Nitro Zeus . Together , Optimus and Bumblebee seemingly kill Quintessa . Viviane removes the staff , stopping Cybertron 's destruction of Earth but leaving both worlds connected . Optimus declares that humans and Transformers must now work together to rebuild their worlds and sends a message calling any surviving Autobots to come home .", "sentences": [ "As Cybertron anchors itself to Earth , Megatron , Nitro Zeus , and Barricade deliver the staff to Quintessa , who begins draining the life force of Earth from Unicron .", "Burton and the British military intervene , and Megatron shoots Burton , who dies with Cogman at his side .", "The Autobots arrive to join the fight with the TRF , Cade , Viviane , Izabella , and Sqweeks , landing on Cybertron and battling against Megatron and Quintessa 's minions , the Infernocons .", "Vanquishing their foes with help from the Knights as Dragonstorm , the Autobots reach the chamber where the staff and Quintessa are .", "Optimus defeats Megatron by kicking him through the Ignition Chamber 's wall , sending him flying to Earth , while Bumblebee kills Nitro Zeus .", "Together , Optimus and Bumblebee seemingly kill Quintessa .", "Viviane removes the staff , stopping Cybertron 's destruction of Earth but leaving both worlds connected .", "Optimus declares that humans and Transformers must now work together to rebuild their worlds and sends a message calling any surviving Autobots to come home ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "text": "The Supreme Court 's ruling in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan ( 1964 ) fundamentally changed American defamation law . The case redefined the type of `` malice '' needed to sustain a libel case . Common law malice consisted of `` ill - will '' or `` wickedness '' . Now , a public officials seeking to sustain a civil action against a tortfeasor needed to prove by `` clear and convincing evidence '' that there was actual malice . The case involved an advertisement published in The New York Times indicating that officials in Montgomery , Alabama had acted violently in suppressing the protests of African - Americans during the civil rights movement . The Montgomery Police Commissioner , L.B. Sullivan , sued the Times for libel , stating that the advertisement damaged his reputation . The Supreme Court unanimously reversed the $500,000 judgment against the Times . Justice Brennan suggested that public officials may sue for libel only if the publisher published the statements in question with `` actual malice '' -- `` knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not . '' In sum , the court held that `` the First Amendment protects the publication of all statements , even false ones , about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with actual malice ( with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity ) . ''", "sentences": [ "The Supreme Court 's ruling in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan ( 1964 ) fundamentally changed American defamation law .", "The case redefined the type of `` malice '' needed to sustain a libel case .", "Common law malice consisted of `` ill - will '' or `` wickedness '' .", "Now , a public officials seeking to sustain a civil action against a tortfeasor needed to prove by `` clear and convincing evidence '' that there was actual malice .", "The case involved an advertisement published in The New York Times indicating that officials in Montgomery , Alabama had acted violently in suppressing the protests of African - Americans during the civil rights movement .", "The Montgomery Police Commissioner , L.B. Sullivan , sued the Times for libel , stating that the advertisement damaged his reputation .", "The Supreme Court unanimously reversed the $500,000 judgment against the Times .", "Justice Brennan suggested that public officials may sue for libel only if the publisher published the statements in question with `` actual malice '' -- `` knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not . ''", "In sum , the court held that `` the First Amendment protects the publication of all statements , even false ones , about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with actual malice ( with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity ) . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of New Mexico", "text": "On January 19 , 1847 rebels attacked and killed acting Governor Bent and about ten other American officials . The wives of Bent and Kit Carson , however , managed to escape . Reacting quickly , a U.S. detachment under Colonel Sterling Price marched on Taos and attacked . The rebels retreated to a thick - walled adobe church . U.S. forces breached a wall and directed concentrated cannon fire into the church . About 150 of the rebels were killed , and 400 captured , following close fighting . During one trial , six rebels were arraigned and tried , of whom five were convicted of murder and one of treason . All six were hanged in April , 1847 . A young traveler and later author , Lewis Hector Garrard , wrote the only eye witness account of this trial and hanging . He criticized , `` It certainly did appear to be a great assumption on the part of the Americans to conquer a country , and then arraign the revolting inhabitants for treason ... Treason , indeed ! What did the poor devil know about his new allegiance ? But so it was ; and , as the jail was overstocked with others awaiting trial , it was deemed expedient to hasten the execution ... I left the room , sick at heart . Justice ! out upon the word , when its distorted meaning is the warrant for murdering those who defend to the last their country and their homes . '' Additional executions followed to total at least 28 .", "sentences": [ "On January 19 , 1847 rebels attacked and killed acting Governor Bent and about ten other American officials .", "The wives of Bent and Kit Carson , however , managed to escape .", "Reacting quickly , a U.S. detachment under Colonel Sterling Price marched on Taos and attacked .", "The rebels retreated to a thick - walled adobe church .", "U.S. forces breached a wall and directed concentrated cannon fire into the church .", "About 150 of the rebels were killed , and 400 captured , following close fighting .", "During one trial , six rebels were arraigned and tried , of whom five were convicted of murder and one of treason .", "All six were hanged in April , 1847 .", "A young traveler and later author , Lewis Hector Garrard , wrote the only eye witness account of this trial and hanging .", "He criticized , `` It certainly did appear to be a great assumption on the part of the Americans to conquer a country , and then arraign the revolting inhabitants for treason ...", "Treason , indeed !", "What did the poor devil know about his new allegiance ?", "But so it was ; and , as the jail was overstocked with others awaiting trial , it was deemed expedient to hasten the execution ...", "I left the room , sick at heart .", "Justice !", "out upon the word , when its distorted meaning is the warrant for murdering those who defend to the last their country and their homes . ''", "Additional executions followed to total at least 28 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Corrina, Corrina (film)", "text": "A terrified Molly begs Corrina to let her stay home from school and she secretly agrees . Corrina spends more time with them , and she and Manny slowly discover they are more compatible with each other than anyone else . He confides in her about Annie and she talks about her long gone former husband . They share a love of music and she even assists him on his new jingle . After a successful advertising campaign , he comes home with flowers for Molly as well as Corrina . Their private celebration is interrupted by a visit from Jenny , which Corrina takes as a cue that she is not meant to stay .", "sentences": [ "A terrified Molly begs Corrina to let her stay home from school and she secretly agrees .", "Corrina spends more time with them , and she and Manny slowly discover they are more compatible with each other than anyone else .", "He confides in her about Annie and she talks about her long gone former husband .", "They share a love of music and she even assists him on his new jingle .", "After a successful advertising campaign , he comes home with flowers for Molly as well as Corrina .", "Their private celebration is interrupted by a visit from Jenny , which Corrina takes as a cue that she is not meant to stay ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Appeasement", "text": "Czechoslovakia did not concern most people until the middle of September 1938 , when they began to object to a small democratic state being bullied . Nevertheless , the initial response of the British public to the Munich agreement was generally favorable . As Chamberlain left for Munich in 1938 , the whole House of Commons cheered him noisily . On 30 September , on his return to Britain , Chamberlain delivered his famous `` peace for our time '' speech to delighted crowds . He was invited by the Royal family onto the balcony at Buckingham Palace before he had reported to Parliament . The agreement was supported by most of the press , only Reynold 's News and the Daily Worker dissenting . In parliament the Labour Party opposed the agreement . Some Conservatives abstained in the vote . However , the only MP to advocate war was the Conservative Duff Cooper , who had resigned from the government in protest against the agreement . Role", "sentences": [ "Czechoslovakia did not concern most people until the middle of September 1938 , when they began to object to a small democratic state being bullied .", "Nevertheless , the initial response of the British public to the Munich agreement was generally favorable .", "As Chamberlain left for Munich in 1938 , the whole House of Commons cheered him noisily .", "On 30 September , on his return to Britain , Chamberlain delivered his famous `` peace for our time '' speech to delighted crowds .", "He was invited by the Royal family onto the balcony at Buckingham Palace before he had reported to Parliament .", "The agreement was supported by most of the press , only Reynold 's News and the Daily Worker dissenting .", "In parliament the Labour Party opposed the agreement .", "Some Conservatives abstained in the vote .", "However , the only MP to advocate war was the Conservative Duff Cooper , who had resigned from the government in protest against the agreement .", "Role" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of Lucifer episodes", "text": "Chloe gets a case that hits close to home , when she learns the man convicted of killing Officer John Decker , her father , is being released from prison under supervision to attend his granddaughter 's Christening . When the prisoner and his driver / guard subsequently end up murdered , Chloe and Dan reinvestigate and learn that the wrong man was in prison . During the case , Lucifer , still disgusted with himself , tries to look and act like Dan to feel more useful . Elsewhere , Dr. Martin says she has to drop Maze as a friend upon learning that she is a demon . Maze , meanwhile , is searching for a profession to fulfill her existence on earth . When she helps Chloe and the team find Deputy Warden Perry Smith , the man who ordered the killing of John Decker , Maze decides she will be a bounty hunter .", "sentences": [ "Chloe gets a case that hits close to home , when she learns the man convicted of killing Officer John Decker , her father , is being released from prison under supervision to attend his granddaughter 's Christening .", "When the prisoner and his driver / guard subsequently end up murdered , Chloe and Dan reinvestigate and learn that the wrong man was in prison .", "During the case , Lucifer , still disgusted with himself , tries to look and act like Dan to feel more useful .", "Elsewhere , Dr. Martin says she has to drop Maze as a friend upon learning that she is a demon .", "Maze , meanwhile , is searching for a profession to fulfill her existence on earth .", "When she helps Chloe and the team find Deputy Warden Perry Smith , the man who ordered the killing of John Decker , Maze decides she will be a bounty hunter ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Rick and Morty", "text": "In 2014 , Rick and Morty 's Rushed Licensed Adventure , a Flash point - and - click adventure game , was released on the Adult Swim website . In December 2014 , Rick and Morty : Jerry 's Game was released for iOS and Android . The game consists of the player popping balloons and air filled condoms endlessly . Characters show up from time to time . The number of balloons popped is counted and used as currency for unlocking special balloons , backdrops , and features . The game is based on a game Jerry was seen playing in an episode . The game includes micro-transactions . On August 10 , 2015 , a Rick and Morty - themed announcer pack was released for the competitive multiplayer video game Dota 2 . The announcer pack can be purchased by players and replaces the Default announcer and Mega-Kills announcer with characters from Rick and Morty , voiced by Justin Roiland . Pocket Mortys is a Pokémon parody game set in the `` Rick and Morty Rickstaverse '' , released on iOS and Android as a free - to - play game from Adult Swim Games , released early on January 13 , 2016 . Coinciding with the many - worlds interpretation , the game follows versions of Rick and Morty that belong to an alternate timeline , rather than the duo followed in the show . The game uses a style and concept similar to the Pokémon games , with catching various `` wild '' Mortys , battling them with a variety of Aliens , Ricks , and Jerrys . The game features voice acting from Roiland and Harmon . Rick and Morty : Virtual Rick - ality , announced on July 15 , 2016 , and released on April 20 , 2017 , for Microsoft Windows and on April 10 , 2018 , for PlayStation 4 , is a VR game for HTC Vive VR and Oculus Rift developed by Owlchemy Labs , the developers of Job Simulator .", "sentences": [ "In 2014 , Rick and Morty 's Rushed Licensed Adventure , a Flash point - and - click adventure game , was released on the Adult Swim website .", "In December 2014 , Rick and Morty :", "Jerry 's Game was released for iOS and Android .", "The game consists of the player popping balloons and air filled condoms endlessly .", "Characters show up from time to time .", "The number of balloons popped is counted and used as currency for unlocking special balloons , backdrops , and features .", "The game is based on a game Jerry was seen playing in an episode .", "The game includes micro-transactions .", "On August 10 , 2015 , a Rick and Morty - themed announcer pack was released for the competitive multiplayer video game Dota 2 .", "The announcer pack can be purchased by players and replaces the Default announcer and Mega-Kills announcer with characters from Rick and Morty , voiced by Justin Roiland .", "Pocket Mortys is a Pokémon parody game set in the `` Rick and Morty Rickstaverse '' , released on iOS and Android as a free - to - play game from Adult Swim Games , released early on January 13 , 2016 .", "Coinciding with the many - worlds interpretation , the game follows versions of Rick and Morty that belong to an alternate timeline , rather than the duo followed in the show .", "The game uses a style and concept similar to the Pokémon games , with catching various `` wild '' Mortys , battling them with a variety of Aliens , Ricks , and Jerrys .", "The game features voice acting from Roiland and Harmon .", "Rick and Morty : Virtual Rick - ality , announced on July 15 , 2016 , and released on April 20 , 2017 , for Microsoft Windows and on April 10 , 2018 , for PlayStation 4 , is a VR game for HTC Vive VR and Oculus Rift developed by Owlchemy Labs , the developers of Job Simulator ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Standardized test", "text": "One of the main advantages of standardized testing is that the results can be empirically documented ; therefore , the test scores can be shown to have a relative degree of validity and reliability , as well as results which are generalizable and replicable . This is often contrasted with grades on a school transcript , which are assigned by individual teachers . It may be difficult to account for differences in educational culture across schools , difficulty of a given teacher 's curriculum , differences in teaching style , and techniques and biases that affect grading . This makes standardized tests useful for admissions purposes in higher education , where a school is trying to compare students from across the nation or across the world . Examples of such international benchmark tests include the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMMS ) and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study ( PIRLS ) . Performance on these exams have been speculated to change based on the way standards like the Common Core State Standards ( CCSS ) line up with top countries across the world .", "sentences": [ "One of the main advantages of standardized testing is that the results can be empirically documented ; therefore , the test scores can be shown to have a relative degree of validity and reliability , as well as results which are generalizable and replicable .", "This is often contrasted with grades on a school transcript , which are assigned by individual teachers .", "It may be difficult to account for differences in educational culture across schools , difficulty of a given teacher 's curriculum , differences in teaching style , and techniques and biases that affect grading .", "This makes standardized tests useful for admissions purposes in higher education , where a school is trying to compare students from across the nation or across the world .", "Examples of such international benchmark tests include the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMMS ) and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study ( PIRLS ) .", "Performance on these exams have been speculated to change based on the way standards like the Common Core State Standards ( CCSS ) line up with top countries across the world ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Government of Australia", "text": "The federal nature of the Commonwealth and the structure of the Parliament of Australia were the subject of protracted negotiations among the colonies during the drafting of the Constitution . The House of Representatives is elected on a basis that reflects the differing populations of the States . Thus New South Wales has 48 members while Tasmania has only five . But the Senate is elected on a basis of equality among the States : all States elect 12 Senators , regardless of population . This was intended to allow the Senators of the smaller States to form a majority and thus be able to amend or reject bills originating in the House of Representatives . The ACT and the NT each elect two Senators .", "sentences": [ "The federal nature of the Commonwealth and the structure of the Parliament of Australia were the subject of protracted negotiations among the colonies during the drafting of the Constitution .", "The House of Representatives is elected on a basis that reflects the differing populations of the States .", "Thus New South Wales has 48 members while Tasmania has only five .", "But the Senate is elected on a basis of equality among the States : all States elect 12 Senators , regardless of population .", "This was intended to allow the Senators of the smaller States to form a majority and thus be able to amend or reject bills originating in the House of Representatives .", "The ACT and the NT each elect two Senators ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "List of players in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame", "text": "Henry `` Dutch '' Dehnert , Nat Holman , and Joe Lapchick were members of the Original Celtics . William `` Pop '' Gates and John Isaacs were members of the New York Renaissance . The induction category of another former player for the team , Nathaniel `` Sweetwater '' Clifton , is subject to dispute ; he was originally announced as a contributor , but is now listed with player inductees by the Hall . Marques Haynes and Reece `` Goose '' Tatum were two of the most famous players of the Harlem Globetrotters . Three other players who made their greatest contributions with other teams -- Wilt Chamberlain , Connie Hawkins , and Lynette Woodard -- were members of the Globetrotters at some point in their professional careers . Furthermore , longtime member Meadowlark Lemon has been inducted as a contributor , and the aforementioned Clifton , who briefly played for the team , is ( depending on definitions ) a member as either a player or contributor . Walt Bellamy , Jerry Lucas , Oscar Robertson , and Jerry West were members of the 1960 United States Olympic Team . Charles Barkley , Larry Bird , Clyde Drexler , Patrick Ewing , Magic Johnson , Michael Jordan , Karl Malone , Chris Mullin , Scottie Pippen , David Robinson , and John Stockton were members of the 1992 United States Olympic Team , better known as the `` Dream Team '' . In fact , all but one of the players on the `` Dream Team '' roster ( Christian Laettner ) have been inducted in the Hall of Fame as individuals .", "sentences": [ "Henry `` Dutch '' Dehnert , Nat Holman , and Joe Lapchick were members of the Original Celtics .", "William `` Pop '' Gates and John Isaacs were members of the New York Renaissance .", "The induction category of another former player for the team , Nathaniel `` Sweetwater '' Clifton , is subject to dispute ; he was originally announced as a contributor , but is now listed with player inductees by the Hall .", "Marques Haynes and Reece `` Goose '' Tatum were two of the most famous players of the Harlem Globetrotters .", "Three other players who made their greatest contributions with other teams -- Wilt Chamberlain , Connie Hawkins , and Lynette Woodard -- were members of the Globetrotters at some point in their professional careers .", "Furthermore , longtime member Meadowlark Lemon has been inducted as a contributor , and the aforementioned Clifton , who briefly played for the team , is ( depending on definitions ) a member as either a player or contributor .", "Walt Bellamy , Jerry Lucas , Oscar Robertson , and Jerry West were members of the 1960 United States Olympic Team .", "Charles Barkley , Larry Bird , Clyde Drexler , Patrick Ewing , Magic Johnson , Michael Jordan , Karl Malone , Chris Mullin , Scottie Pippen , David Robinson , and John Stockton were members of the 1992 United States Olympic Team , better known as the `` Dream Team '' .", "In fact , all but one of the players on the `` Dream Team '' roster ( Christian Laettner ) have been inducted in the Hall of Fame as individuals ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Warsaw", "text": "Warsaw 's name in the Polish language is Warszawa ( also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa ) . Other previous spellings of the name may have included Worszewa and Werszewa . According to some sources , the origin of the name is unknown . In Pre-Slavic toponomastic layer of Northern Mazovia : corrections and addenda ( the Narew drainage ) , it is stated that the toponymy of northern Mazovia tends to have unclear etymology ( p. 30 ) . Originally , Warszawa was the name of a fishing village . According to one theory Warszawa means `` belonging to Warsz '' , Warsz being a shortened form of the masculine name of Slavic origin Warcisław ; see also etymology of Wrocław . However the ending - awa is unusual for a big city ; the names of Polish cities derived from personal names usually ending in - ów / owo / ew / ewo ( e.g. Piotrków , Adamów ) while the - av - in the early name of Wrocław is part of a personal name . Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman , Wars , and his wife , Sawa . According to legend , Sawa was a mermaid living in the Vistula River with whom Wars fell in love . In actuality , Warsz was a 12th / 13th - century nobleman who owned a village located at the modern - day site of the Mariensztat neighbourhood . See also the Vršovci family which had escaped to Poland . The official city name in full is miasto stołeczne Warszawa ( `` The Capital City of Warsaw '' ) . A native or resident of Warsaw is known as a Varsovian -- in Polish warszawiak , warszawianin ( male ) , warszawianka ( female ) , warszawiacy , and warszawianie ( plural ) .", "sentences": [ "Warsaw 's name in the Polish language is Warszawa ( also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa ) .", "Other previous spellings of the name may have included Worszewa and Werszewa .", "According to some sources , the origin of the name is unknown .", "In Pre-Slavic toponomastic layer of Northern Mazovia : corrections and addenda ( the Narew drainage ) , it is stated that the toponymy of northern Mazovia tends to have unclear etymology ( p. 30 ) .", "Originally , Warszawa was the name of a fishing village .", "According to one theory Warszawa means `` belonging to Warsz '' , Warsz being a shortened form of the masculine name of Slavic origin Warcisław ; see also etymology of Wrocław .", "However the ending - awa is unusual for a big city ; the names of Polish cities derived from personal names usually ending in - ów / owo / ew / ewo ( e.g. Piotrków , Adamów ) while the - av - in the early name of Wrocław is part of a personal name .", "Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman , Wars , and his wife , Sawa .", "According to legend , Sawa was a mermaid living in the Vistula River with whom Wars fell in love .", "In actuality , Warsz was a 12th / 13th - century nobleman who owned a village located at the modern - day site of the Mariensztat neighbourhood .", "See also the Vršovci family which had escaped to Poland .", "The official city name in full is miasto stołeczne Warszawa", "( `` The Capital City of Warsaw '' ) .", "A native or resident of Warsaw is known as a Varsovian -- in Polish warszawiak , warszawianin ( male ) , warszawianka ( female ) , warszawiacy , and warszawianie ( plural ) ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Waltzing Matilda", "text": "Matilda is an old Teutonic female name meaning `` mighty battle maid '' . This may have informed the use of `` Matilda '' as a slang term to mean a de facto wife who accompanied a wanderer . In the Australian bush a man 's swag was regarded as a sleeping partner , hence his `` Matilda '' . ( Letter to Rt . Hon . Sir Winston Churchill , KG from Harry Hastings Pearce , 19 February 1958 . Harry Pearce Papers , NLA Manuscript Collection , MS2765 )", "sentences": [ "Matilda is an old Teutonic female name meaning `` mighty battle maid '' .", "This may have informed the use of `` Matilda '' as a slang term to mean a de facto wife who accompanied a wanderer .", "In the Australian bush a man 's swag was regarded as a sleeping partner , hence his `` Matilda '' .", "( Letter to Rt .", "Hon .", "Sir Winston Churchill , KG from Harry Hastings Pearce , 19 February 1958 .", "Harry Pearce Papers , NLA Manuscript Collection , MS2765 )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Latin American wars of independence", "text": "Independence in Mexico was a protracted struggle from 1808 until the fall of royal government in 1821 and the establishment of independent Mexico . In the Viceroyalty of New Spain , as elsewhere in Spanish America in 1808 , reacted to the unexpected French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the ouster of the Bourbon king , replaced by Joseph Bonaparte . Local American - born Spaniards saw the opportunity to seize local control from Viceroy José de Iturrigaray , who may well have been sympathetic to creoles aspirations . Iturrigaray was ousted by pro-royalists . A few creole elites sought independence , including Juan Aldama , and Ignacio Allende , but especially secular parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla . Hidalgo made a proclamation in his home parish of Dolores , which was not recorded in writing at the time , but denounced bad government and gachupines ( pejorative for peninsular - born Spaniards ) , and declared independence . The unorganized hordes following Hidalgo wrought destruction on property and the lives of whites in the region of the Bajío . Hidalgo was caught , defrocked , and executed in 1811 , along with Allende . Their heads remained on display until 1821 . His former student José María Morelos continued the rebellion and was himself caught and killed in 1815 .", "sentences": [ "Independence in Mexico was a protracted struggle from 1808 until the fall of royal government in 1821 and the establishment of independent Mexico .", "In the Viceroyalty of New Spain , as elsewhere in Spanish America in 1808 , reacted to the unexpected French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the ouster of the Bourbon king , replaced by Joseph Bonaparte .", "Local American - born Spaniards saw the opportunity to seize local control from Viceroy José de Iturrigaray , who may well have been sympathetic to creoles aspirations .", "Iturrigaray was ousted by pro-royalists .", "A few creole elites sought independence , including Juan Aldama , and Ignacio Allende , but especially secular parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla .", "Hidalgo made a proclamation in his home parish of Dolores , which was not recorded in writing at the time , but denounced bad government and gachupines ( pejorative for peninsular - born Spaniards ) , and declared independence .", "The unorganized hordes following Hidalgo wrought destruction on property and the lives of whites in the region of the Bajío .", "Hidalgo was caught , defrocked , and executed in 1811 , along with Allende .", "Their heads remained on display until 1821 .", "His former student José María Morelos continued the rebellion and was himself caught and killed in 1815 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Cape Agulhas", "text": "( hide ) Climate data for Cape Agulhas Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 28.9 ( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9 ( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4 ( 84.9 ) 31.7 ( 89.1 ) 32.2 ( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) Average high ° C ( ° F ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 ) Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 20.3 ( 68.5 ) 20.3 ( 68.5 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 13.1 ( 55.6 ) 13.9 ( 57 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 16.8 ( 62.2 ) Average low ° C ( ° F ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 14.4 ( 57.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 11.1 ( 52 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 10.6 ( 51.1 ) 11.1 ( 52 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 15.0 ( 59 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 13.7 ( 56.7 ) Record low ° C ( ° F ) 8.3 ( 46.9 ) 8.9 ( 48 ) 9.4 ( 48.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.6 ( 42.1 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 20.3 ( 0.799 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 33.0 ( 1.299 ) 38.1 ( 1.5 ) 50.8 ( 2 ) 58.4 ( 2.299 ) 53.3 ( 2.098 ) 48.3 ( 1.902 ) 40.6 ( 1.598 ) 38.1 ( 1.5 ) 27.9 ( 1.098 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 444.4 ( 17.496 ) Average rainy days 36 Average relative humidity ( % ) 77 79 83 84 81 80 80 82 81 79 79 77 80 Source # 1 : Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial Source # 2 : Weatherbase", "sentences": [ "( hide ) Climate data for Cape Agulhas Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high ° C ( ° F ) 28.9", "( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9", "( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4", "( 84.9 ) 31.7", "( 89.1 ) 32.2", "( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6", "( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 )", "Average high ° C ( ° F ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 23.3", "( 73.9 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 18.9", "( 66 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2", "( 63 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 22.2", "( 72 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 )", "Daily mean ° C ( ° F ) 20.3 ( 68.5 )", "20.3 ( 68.5 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 15.8", "( 60.4 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 13.1 ( 55.6 )", "13.9 ( 57 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 15.8", "( 60.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 16.8 ( 62.2 )", "Average low ° C ( ° F ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 14.4 ( 57.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 11.1", "( 52 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 10.6 ( 51.1 ) 11.1", "( 52 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 15.0 ( 59 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 13.7 ( 56.7 )", "Record low ° C ( ° F ) 8.3 ( 46.9 ) 8.9 ( 48 ) 9.4 ( 48.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.6 ( 42.1 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 3.9 ( 39 )", "Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 20.3 ( 0.799 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 33.0 ( 1.299 )", "38.1 ( 1.5 ) 50.8 ( 2 ) 58.4 ( 2.299 ) 53.3", "( 2.098 ) 48.3 ( 1.902 ) 40.6 ( 1.598 ) 38.1", "( 1.5 ) 27.9 ( 1.098 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 444.4 ( 17.496 )", "Average rainy days 36 Average relative humidity ( % ) 77 79 83 84 81 80 80 82 81 79 79 77 80 Source # 1 : Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial Source # 2 : Weatherbase" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Parliament of the Bahamas", "text": "A bill is formally introduced into Parliament at the first reading ; this stage is generally a formality , with the bill 's long title being read out and the presiding officer placing the motion without debate . After the first reading , the Speaker orders the bill to be printed ; it is then numbered , circulated to members of Parliament , and made available to the public . At the second reading , the principle of the bill is debated . At the committal stage , the entire House of Assembly sits as a Committee of the Whole House , with the Speaker leaving the chair and the Deputy Speaker presiding as Chairperson . During this stage the bill is examined clause by clause , with detailed amendments considered . After the bill has been dealt with in Committee , the Chairperson formally reports to the Speaker the outcome of the Committee 's deliberations , including what amendments have been made . The third reading is the final stage ; the motion made by the Speaker for the third reading is usually agreed to without debate . Once a bill has had its third reading , the Speaker orders the bill passed , and instructs the Chief Clerk to take the bill to the Senate for its consideration .", "sentences": [ "A bill is formally introduced into Parliament at the first reading ; this stage is generally a formality , with the bill 's long title being read out and the presiding officer placing the motion without debate .", "After the first reading , the Speaker orders the bill to be printed ; it is then numbered , circulated to members of Parliament , and made available to the public .", "At the second reading , the principle of the bill is debated .", "At the committal stage , the entire House of Assembly sits as a Committee of the Whole House , with the Speaker leaving the chair and the Deputy Speaker presiding as Chairperson .", "During this stage the bill is examined clause by clause , with detailed amendments considered .", "After the bill has been dealt with in Committee , the Chairperson formally reports to the Speaker the outcome of the Committee 's deliberations , including what amendments have been made .", "The third reading is the final stage ; the motion made by the Speaker for the third reading is usually agreed to without debate .", "Once a bill has had its third reading , the Speaker orders the bill passed , and instructs the Chief Clerk to take the bill to the Senate for its consideration ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Saint John Eye Hospital Group", "text": "hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject . It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia 's content policies , particularly neutral point of view . Please discuss further on the talk page . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement . Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "sentences": [ "hide This article has multiple issues .", "Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .", "( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )", "A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject .", "It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia 's content policies , particularly neutral point of view .", "Please discuss further on the talk page .", "( August 2017 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "This article contains content that is written like an advertisement .", "Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view .", "( August 2017 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message )", "This article needs additional citations for verification .", "Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .", "Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .", "( August 2017 )", "( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Cagney & Lacey", "text": "Ratings , however , were still low during the first year Daly and Gless co-starred on the series . Cagney & Lacey was canceled by CBS a second time in May 1983 , but after almost a year of decreased buzz about the show , an ever - larger public outcry exploded upon the series 's axing . Fans of the show , organized by Rosenzweig , staged a letter - writing campaign . At the same time , CBS switched its time slot for what was to have been its final three months on the air during summer reruns . This relocation resulted in the ratings suddenly rising . The viewer protest , coupled with the post-cancellation improvement in the Nielsens and the Emmy nomination that year ( which Tyne Daly won in September ) , resulted in success for the public . That fall , CBS announced the return of Cagney & Lacey as a mid-season entry . The network would have wanted to return it sooner , but not long after the second cancelation came to pass , the sets at Orion had already been destroyed , and the cast had been let out of their contracts . One cast member , Tony La Torre , had already joined another series , the ABC sitcom 9 to 5 . When nearly all of the Cagney & Lacey cast received new contracts in late 1983 , La Torre returned as well after 9 to 5 was canceled by ABC just weeks into the 1983 -- 84 season . Cagney & Lacey went back into production in January 1984 and returned to air on March 19 of that year .", "sentences": [ "Ratings , however , were still low during the first year Daly and Gless co-starred on the series .", "Cagney & Lacey was canceled by CBS a second time in May 1983 , but after almost a year of decreased buzz about the show , an ever - larger public outcry exploded upon the series 's axing .", "Fans of the show , organized by Rosenzweig , staged a letter - writing campaign .", "At the same time , CBS switched its time slot for what was to have been its final three months on the air during summer reruns .", "This relocation resulted in the ratings suddenly rising .", "The viewer protest , coupled with the post-cancellation improvement in the Nielsens and the Emmy nomination that year ( which Tyne Daly won in September ) , resulted in success for the public .", "That fall , CBS announced the return of Cagney & Lacey as a mid-season entry .", "The network would have wanted to return it sooner , but not long after the second cancelation came to pass , the sets at Orion had already been destroyed , and the cast had been let out of their contracts .", "One cast member , Tony La Torre , had already joined another series , the ABC sitcom 9 to 5 .", "When nearly all of the Cagney & Lacey cast received new contracts in late 1983 , La Torre returned as well after 9 to 5 was canceled by ABC just weeks into the 1983 -- 84 season .", "Cagney & Lacey went back into production in January 1984 and returned to air on March 19 of that year ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "American Horror Story", "text": "American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations . The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie . It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special . It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film . The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series . Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins .", "sentences": [ "American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations .", "The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie .", "It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special .", "It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film .", "The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series .", "Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Wembley Stadium", "text": "The first club game , competitive game , and cup final held at the new Wembley took place on 12 May 2007 when Kidderminster Harriers met Stevenage Borough in the FA Trophy final . Kidderminster striker James Constable was the first player to score a goal in a final at the new Wembley . Kidderminster became the first team to play at both the old and new stadium . Stevenage Borough were the first team to win a final at the new Wembley beating Kidderminster 3 -- 2 , despite trailing 2 -- 0 at half time . The first players to play at both the old and new Wembley Stadiums were Steve Guppy ( for Stevenage Borough ) and Jeff Kenna ( for Kidderminster Harriers ) . Ex-England international Guppy was the first player to win a final at both stadia ( with Leicester City , Wycombe Wanderers and Stevenage ) . Ronnie Henry was the first ever player to lift a competitive club trophy at the new Wembley . Tottenham", "sentences": [ "The first club game , competitive game , and cup final held at the new Wembley took place on 12 May 2007 when Kidderminster Harriers met Stevenage Borough in the FA Trophy final .", "Kidderminster striker James Constable was the first player to score a goal in a final at the new Wembley .", "Kidderminster became the first team to play at both the old and new stadium .", "Stevenage Borough were the first team to win a final at the new Wembley beating Kidderminster 3 -- 2 , despite trailing 2 -- 0 at half time .", "The first players to play at both the old and new Wembley Stadiums were Steve Guppy ( for Stevenage Borough ) and Jeff Kenna ( for Kidderminster Harriers ) .", "Ex-England international Guppy was the first player to win a final at both stadia ( with Leicester City , Wycombe Wanderers and Stevenage ) .", "Ronnie Henry was the first ever player to lift a competitive club trophy at the new Wembley .", "Tottenham" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Technical drawing tool", "text": "A drafting machine is a device which is mounted to the drawing board . It has rulers whose angles can be precisely adjusted with a controlling mechanism . There are two main types of apparatus : an arm - type parallelogram apparatus based on a hinged arm ; and a track - type apparatus which moves on a rail mounted to the top of the drawing board . The accuracy of the arm type apparatus is better in the middle of the board , decreasing towards the edges , whereas a track machine has a constant accuracy over the whole board . The drawing head of a track - type drafting machine slides on bearings in a vertical rail , which in turn is moved along a horizontal , top - mounted rail . Both apparatus types have an adjustable drawing - head with rules attached to a protractor scale so that the angle of the rules may be adjusted .", "sentences": [ "A drafting machine is a device which is mounted to the drawing board .", "It has rulers whose angles can be precisely adjusted with a controlling mechanism .", "There are two main types of apparatus : an arm - type parallelogram apparatus based on a hinged arm ; and a track - type apparatus which moves on a rail mounted to the top of the drawing board .", "The accuracy of the arm type apparatus is better in the middle of the board , decreasing towards the edges , whereas a track machine has a constant accuracy over the whole board .", "The drawing head of a track - type drafting machine slides on bearings in a vertical rail , which in turn is moved along a horizontal , top - mounted rail .", "Both apparatus types have an adjustable drawing - head with rules attached to a protractor scale so that the angle of the rules may be adjusted ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Gun laws in the United States by state", "text": "Subject / Law Long guns Handguns Relevant Statutes Notes State permit required to purchase ? Yes Yes Firearm registration ? Yes Yes HRS 0134 - 0002 , HRS 0134 - 0003 Must be registered with county police chief within 5 days of purchase or arrival to Hawaii . Registration not required for black powder and pre-1899 firearms . Assault weapon law ? No Yes Law bans assault pistols with two or more banned features . Does not apply to rifles or shotguns with a barrel length greater than 16 inches Magazine capacity restriction ? No Yes HRS134 - 8 ( c ) HRS134 - 11 ( 3 ) Any magazine with a capacity of more than 10 rounds that can be inserted into a pistol is prohibited . Members of organizations are exempt from the pistol magazine limit at places of target shooting . Owner license required ? No No No license required to own any firearms in Hawaii , but all firearms , including those brought into the state by new residents , must be registered . Carry permits required ? No Yes HRS 0134 - 0009 May - Issue by statute , but No - Issue in practice . The chief of police may grant a permit `` in an exceptional case , when an applicant shows reason to fear injury to the applicant 's person or property . '' In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits . In March 2014 , the 9th Circuit US Court of Appeals has ruled Hawaii 's restrictive concealed carry policy unconstitutional . An en banc panel reversed the initial ruling in June 2015 , holding that the Constitution guarantees no right to concealed carry in public . Open carry ? Yes Yes By law , Hawaii is a Licensed Open Carry State , but since licenses are rarely issued , the state is Non-Permissive for open carry in practice . The chief of police may grant a permit `` Where the urgency or the need has been sufficiently indicated '' provided that the person `` is engaged in the protection of life and property . '' In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits . On July 24 , 2018 , the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Hawaii 's laws restricting open carry are unconstitutional . No laws against open carrying long guns . State preemption of local restrictions ? Yes Yes Municipalities may enact and enforce local regulations only if they are identical to , and provide the same penalty as , state law . NFA weapons restricted ? Yes Yes Machine guns , short barreled rifles , short barreled shotguns , and silencers / suppressors are prohibited from the average citizen . Certain Destructive Devices and AOWs are allowed with proper tax stamp and NFA paperwork from the ATF . Peaceable journey laws ? No No None Federal laws observed . Background checks required for private sales ? Yes Yes HRS § 134 - 2 A person who wants to purchase a handgun or long gun must obtain a permit to acquire the ownership of a firearm , which requires a background check of the applicant .", "sentences": [ "Subject / Law Long guns Handguns Relevant Statutes Notes State permit required to purchase ?", "Yes", "Yes Firearm registration ?", "Yes Yes HRS 0134 - 0002 , HRS 0134 - 0003 Must be registered with county police chief within 5 days of purchase or arrival to Hawaii .", "Registration not required for black powder and pre-1899 firearms .", "Assault weapon law ?", "No", "Yes Law bans assault pistols with two or more banned features .", "Does not apply to rifles or shotguns with a barrel length greater than 16 inches Magazine capacity restriction ?", "No Yes HRS134 - 8 ( c ) HRS134 - 11 ( 3 )", "Any magazine with a capacity of more than 10 rounds that can be inserted into a pistol is prohibited .", "Members of organizations are exempt from the pistol magazine limit at places of target shooting .", "Owner license required ?", "No", "No No license required to own any firearms in Hawaii , but all firearms , including those brought into the state by new residents , must be registered .", "Carry permits required ?", "No", "Yes HRS 0134 - 0009 May - Issue by statute , but No - Issue in practice .", "The chief of police may grant a permit `` in an exceptional case , when an applicant shows reason to fear injury to the applicant 's person or property . ''", "In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits .", "In March 2014 , the 9th Circuit US Court of Appeals has ruled Hawaii 's restrictive concealed carry policy unconstitutional .", "An en banc panel reversed the initial ruling in June 2015 , holding that the Constitution guarantees no right to concealed carry in public .", "Open carry ?", "Yes", "Yes", "By law , Hawaii is a Licensed Open Carry State , but since licenses are rarely issued , the state is Non-Permissive for open carry in practice .", "The chief of police may grant a permit `` Where the urgency or the need has been sufficiently indicated '' provided that the person `` is engaged in the protection of life and property . ''", "In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits .", "On July 24 , 2018 , the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Hawaii 's laws restricting open carry are unconstitutional .", "No laws against open carrying long guns .", "State preemption of local restrictions ?", "Yes Yes Municipalities may enact and enforce local regulations only if they are identical to , and provide the same penalty as , state law .", "NFA weapons restricted ?", "Yes Yes Machine guns , short barreled rifles , short barreled shotguns , and silencers / suppressors are prohibited from the average citizen .", "Certain Destructive Devices and AOWs are allowed with proper tax stamp and NFA paperwork from the ATF .", "Peaceable journey laws ?", "No No None Federal laws observed .", "Background checks required for private sales ?", "Yes Yes", "HRS", "§ 134 - 2 A person who wants to purchase a handgun or long gun must obtain a permit to acquire the ownership of a firearm , which requires a background check of the applicant ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of New York (state)", "text": "Immigration increased throughout the latter half of the 19th century . Starting with refugees from the Irish potato famine in the 1840s , New York became a prominent entry point for those seeking a new life in the United States . Between 1855 and 1890 , an estimated 8 million immigrants passed through Castle Clinton at Battery Park in Manhattan . Early in this period , most immigrants came from Ireland and Germany . Ellis Island opened in 1892 , and between 1880 and 1920 , most immigrants were German and Eastern European Jews , Poles , and other eastern and southern Europeans , including many Italians . By 1925 , New York City 's population outnumbered that of London , making it the most populous city in the world . Arguably New York 's most identifiable symbol , Liberty Enlightening the World ( the Statue of Liberty ) , a gift from France for the American centennial , was completed in 1886 . By the early 20th century , the statue was regarded as the `` Mother of Exiles '' -- a symbol of hope to immigrants .", "sentences": [ "Immigration increased throughout the latter half of the 19th century .", "Starting with refugees from the Irish potato famine in the 1840s , New York became a prominent entry point for those seeking a new life in the United States .", "Between 1855 and 1890 , an estimated 8 million immigrants passed through Castle Clinton at Battery Park in Manhattan .", "Early in this period , most immigrants came from Ireland and Germany .", "Ellis Island opened in 1892 , and between 1880 and 1920 , most immigrants were German and Eastern European Jews , Poles , and other eastern and southern Europeans , including many Italians .", "By 1925 , New York City 's population outnumbered that of London , making it the most populous city in the world .", "Arguably New York 's most identifiable symbol , Liberty Enlightening the World ( the Statue of Liberty ) , a gift from France for the American centennial , was completed in 1886 .", "By the early 20th century , the statue was regarded as the `` Mother of Exiles '' -- a symbol of hope to immigrants ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Goldilocks and the Three Bears", "text": "The story makes extensive use of the literary rule of three , featuring three chairs , three bowls of porridge , three beds , and the three title characters who live in the house . There are also three sequences of the bears discovering in turn that someone has been eating from their porridge , sitting in their chairs , and finally , lying in their beds , at which point is the climax of Goldilocks being discovered . This follows three earlier sequences of Goldilocks trying the bowls of porridge , chairs , and beds successively , each time finding the third `` just right '' . Author Christopher Booker characterizes this as the `` dialectical three '' , where `` the first is wrong in one way , the second in another or opposite way , and only the third , in the middle , is just right . '' Booker continues `` This idea that the way forward lies in finding an exact middle path between opposites is of extraordinary importance in storytelling '' . This concept has spread across many other disciplines , particularly developmental psychology , biology , economics and engineering where it is called the `` Goldilocks Principle '' .", "sentences": [ "The story makes extensive use of the literary rule of three , featuring three chairs , three bowls of porridge , three beds , and the three title characters who live in the house .", "There are also three sequences of the bears discovering in turn that someone has been eating from their porridge , sitting in their chairs , and finally , lying in their beds , at which point is the climax of Goldilocks being discovered .", "This follows three earlier sequences of Goldilocks trying the bowls of porridge , chairs , and beds successively , each time finding the third `` just right '' .", "Author Christopher Booker characterizes this as the `` dialectical three '' , where `` the first is wrong in one way , the second in another or opposite way , and only the third , in the middle , is just right . ''", "Booker continues `` This idea that the way forward lies in finding an exact middle path between opposites is of extraordinary importance in storytelling '' .", "This concept has spread across many other disciplines , particularly developmental psychology , biology , economics and engineering where it is called the `` Goldilocks Principle '' ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Super Bowl XLVIII", "text": "On Denver 's first play after receiving the opening kickoff , center Manny Ramirez snapped the ball while quarterback Peyton Manning was shifting forward ( from shotgun formation ) in the process of calling an audible , resulting in the ball going past Manning into the end zone . Running back Knowshon Moreno recovered the ball to prevent a Seahawks touchdown , but he was downed for a safety to give the Seahawks a 2 -- 0 lead . Seattle 's score just 12 seconds into the game was the quickest to start a game in Super Bowl history , surpassing the kickoff return by Devin Hester to start Super Bowl XLI seven years earlier ( which coincidentally featured Peyton Manning , at the time the Colts ' quarterback ) . Following the free kick , receiver Percy Harvin gained 30 yards on an end around run to set up Steven Hauschka 's 31 - yard field goal , making the score 5 -- 0 . Denver was forced to a three - and - out on their next drive , and after the Denver punt , Russell Wilson completed a 37 - yard pass to Doug Baldwin , leading to another Hauschka field goal , this one from 33 yards , that increased the lead to 8 -- 0 . On the third play of Denver 's ensuing possession , Manning was intercepted by Kam Chancellor , giving Seattle a first down on the Denver 37 .", "sentences": [ "On Denver 's first play after receiving the opening kickoff , center Manny Ramirez snapped the ball while quarterback Peyton Manning was shifting forward ( from shotgun formation ) in the process of calling an audible , resulting in the ball going past Manning into the end zone .", "Running back Knowshon Moreno recovered the ball to prevent a Seahawks touchdown , but he was downed for a safety to give the Seahawks a 2 -- 0 lead .", "Seattle 's score just 12 seconds into the game was the quickest to start a game in Super Bowl history , surpassing the kickoff return by Devin Hester to start Super Bowl XLI seven years earlier ( which coincidentally featured Peyton Manning , at the time the Colts ' quarterback ) .", "Following the free kick , receiver Percy Harvin gained 30 yards on an end around run to set up Steven Hauschka 's 31 - yard field goal , making the score 5 -- 0 .", "Denver was forced to a three - and - out on their next drive , and after the Denver punt , Russell Wilson completed a 37 - yard pass to Doug Baldwin , leading to another Hauschka field goal , this one from 33 yards , that increased the lead to 8 -- 0 .", "On the third play of Denver 's ensuing possession , Manning was intercepted by Kam Chancellor , giving Seattle a first down on the Denver 37 ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Walking Dead: A New Frontier", "text": "Four years later , in the game 's present , the four have a run - in with a group of men led by Max and Badger while scavenging for supplies and gas from a junk yard . Javier is driven away from the others but is rescued by Clementine . She offers to help in exchange for their family truck , and takes him to Prescott , a fortified community within an old airfield , where he is introduced to Tripp , Conrad , Francine , and Eleanor . Tripp and Eleanor agree to help rescue Javier 's family . In the rescue attempt , Mariana is killed by Max and Badger 's men , and Kate is critically wounded , but Javier 's allies manage to repel the attack . Kate is rushed back to Prescott , while Clementine identifies one of the attackers as a member of The New Frontier , a large group of survivors she had once met , claiming they were once good people , but have since become twisted and distrustful .", "sentences": [ "Four years later , in the game 's present , the four have a run - in with a group of men led by Max and Badger while scavenging for supplies and gas from a junk yard .", "Javier is driven away from the others but is rescued by Clementine .", "She offers to help in exchange for their family truck , and takes him to Prescott , a fortified community within an old airfield , where he is introduced to Tripp , Conrad , Francine , and Eleanor .", "Tripp and Eleanor agree to help rescue Javier 's family .", "In the rescue attempt , Mariana is killed by Max and Badger 's men , and Kate is critically wounded , but Javier 's allies manage to repel the attack .", "Kate is rushed back to Prescott , while Clementine identifies one of the attackers as a member of The New Frontier , a large group of survivors she had once met , claiming they were once good people , but have since become twisted and distrustful ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Reflux", "text": "The apparatus shown in the diagram represents a batch distillation as opposed to a continuous distillation . The liquid feed mixture to be distilled is placed into the round - bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules , and the fractionating column is fitted into the top . As the mixture is heated and boils , vapor rises up the column . The vapor condenses on the glass platforms ( known as plates or trays ) inside the column and runs back down into the liquid below , thereby refluxing the upflowing distillate vapor . The hottest tray is at the bottom of the column and the coolest tray is at the top . At steady state conditions , the vapor and liquid on each tray is at equilibrium . Only the most volatile of the vapors stays in gaseous form all the way to the top . The vapor at the top of the column then passes into the condenser , where it cools until it condenses into a liquid . The separation can be enhanced with the addition of more trays ( to a practical limitation of heat , flow , etc . ) . The process continues until all the most volatile components in the liquid feed boil out of the mixture . This point can be recognized by the rise in temperature shown on the thermometer . For continuous distillation , the feed mixture enters in the middle of the column .", "sentences": [ "The apparatus shown in the diagram represents a batch distillation as opposed to a continuous distillation .", "The liquid feed mixture to be distilled is placed into the round - bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules , and the fractionating column is fitted into the top .", "As the mixture is heated and boils , vapor rises up the column .", "The vapor condenses on the glass platforms ( known as plates or trays ) inside the column and runs back down into the liquid below , thereby refluxing the upflowing distillate vapor .", "The hottest tray is at the bottom of the column and the coolest tray is at the top .", "At steady state conditions , the vapor and liquid on each tray is at equilibrium .", "Only the most volatile of the vapors stays in gaseous form all the way to the top .", "The vapor at the top of the column then passes into the condenser , where it cools until it condenses into a liquid .", "The separation can be enhanced with the addition of more trays ( to a practical limitation of heat , flow , etc . ) .", "The process continues until all the most volatile components in the liquid feed boil out of the mixture .", "This point can be recognized by the rise in temperature shown on the thermometer .", "For continuous distillation , the feed mixture enters in the middle of the column ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Battle of the Sexes (tennis)", "text": "In August 2015 , John McEnroe was interviewed on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! . At that time , McEnroe was 56 years old but still active on the seniors tennis circuit , Serena Williams was 34 years old and in the chase for a `` calendar - year '' Grand Slam . McEnroe mentioned to Kimmel that about 15 years prior , Donald Trump had suggested that he would like to put together a `` battle of the sexes '' match between McEnroe and Williams . McEnroe said he would face Williams but that Trump was not offering a big enough payout . McEnroe said that he believed he could defeat Williams in a tennis match .", "sentences": [ "In August 2015 , John McEnroe was interviewed on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! .", "At that time , McEnroe was 56 years old but still active on the seniors tennis circuit , Serena Williams was 34 years old and in the chase for a `` calendar - year ''", "Grand Slam .", "McEnroe mentioned to Kimmel that about 15 years prior , Donald Trump had suggested that he would like to put together a `` battle of the sexes '' match between McEnroe and Williams .", "McEnroe said he would face Williams but that Trump was not offering a big enough payout .", "McEnroe said that he believed he could defeat Williams in a tennis match ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Shining (film)", "text": "Gordon Dahlquist of The Kubrick FAQ argues that the name change `` deliberately mirrors Jack Torrance being both the husband of Wendy / father of Danny and the mysterious man in the July Fourth photo . It is to say he is two people : the man with choice in a perilous situation and the man who has ' always ' been at the Overlook . It 's a mistake to see the final photo as evidence that the events of the film are predetermined : Jack has any number of moments where he can act other than the way he does , and that his ( poor ) choices are fueled by weakness and fear perhaps merely speaks all the more to the questions about the personal and the political that The Shining brings up . In the same way Charles had a chance -- once more , perhaps -- to not take on Delbert 's legacy , so Jack may have had a chance to escape his role as ' caretaker ' to the interests of the powerful . It 's the tragic course of this story that he chooses not to . '' Dahlquist 's argument is that Delbert Grady , the 1920s butler , and Charles Grady , the 1970s caretaker , rather than being either two different people or the same are two ' manifestations ' of a similar entity ; a part permanently at the hotel ( Delbert ) and the part which is given the choice of whether to join the legacy of the hotel 's murderous past ( Charles ) , just as the man in the photo is not exactly Jack Torrance , but nor is he someone entirely different . Jack in the photo has ' always ' been at the Overlook , Jack the caretaker chooses to become part of the hotel . The film 's assistant editor Gordon Stainforth has commented on this issue , attempting to steer a course between the continuity - error explanation on one side and the hidden - meaning explanation on the other ; `` I do n't think we 'll ever quite unravel this . Was his full name Charles Delbert Grady ? Perhaps Charles was a sort of nickname ? Perhaps Ullman got the name wrong ? But I also think that Stanley did NOT want the whole story to fit together too neatly , so ( it is ) absolutely correct , I think , to say that ' the sum of what we learn refuses to add up neatly ' . ''", "sentences": [ "Gordon Dahlquist of The Kubrick FAQ argues that the name change `` deliberately mirrors Jack Torrance being both the husband of Wendy / father of Danny and the mysterious man in the July Fourth photo .", "It is to say he is two people : the man with choice in a perilous situation and the man who has ' always ' been at the Overlook .", "It 's a mistake to see the final photo as evidence that the events of the film are predetermined : Jack has any number of moments where he can act other than the way he does , and that his ( poor ) choices are fueled by weakness and fear perhaps merely speaks all the more to the questions about the personal and the political that The Shining brings up .", "In the same way Charles had a chance -- once more , perhaps -- to not take on Delbert 's legacy , so Jack may have had a chance to escape his role as ' caretaker ' to the interests of the powerful .", "It 's the tragic course of this story that he chooses not to . ''", "Dahlquist 's argument is that Delbert Grady , the 1920s butler , and Charles Grady , the 1970s caretaker , rather than being either two different people or the same are two ' manifestations ' of a similar entity ; a part permanently at the hotel ( Delbert ) and the part which is given the choice of whether to join the legacy of the hotel 's murderous past ( Charles ) , just as the man in the photo is not exactly Jack Torrance , but nor is he someone entirely different .", "Jack in the photo has ' always ' been at the Overlook , Jack the caretaker chooses to become part of the hotel .", "The film 's assistant editor Gordon Stainforth has commented on this issue , attempting to steer a course between the continuity - error explanation on one side and the hidden - meaning explanation on the other ; `` I do n't think we 'll ever quite unravel this .", "Was his full name Charles Delbert Grady ?", "Perhaps Charles was a sort of nickname ?", "Perhaps Ullman got the name wrong ?", "But I also think that Stanley did NOT want the whole story to fit together too neatly , so ( it is ) absolutely correct , I think , to say that ' the sum of what we learn refuses to add up neatly ' . ''" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Stem cell", "text": "However , reprogramming allows for the creation of pluripotent cells , induced pluripotent stem cells , from adult cells . It is important to note that these are not adult stem cells , but adult cells ( e.g. epithelial cells ) reprogrammed to give rise to cells with pluripotent capabilities . Using genetic reprogramming with protein transcription factors , pluripotent stem cells with ESC - like capabilities have been derived . The first demonstration of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells was conducted by Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues at Kyoto University . They used the transcription factors Oct3 / 4 , Sox2 , c - Myc , and Klf4 to reprogram mouse fibroblast cells into pluripotent cells . Subsequent work used these factors to induce pluripotency in human fibroblast cells . Junying Yu , James Thomson , and their colleagues at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison used a different set of factors , Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Lin28 , and carried out their experiments using cells from human foreskin . However , they were able to replicate Yamanaka 's finding that inducing pluripotency in human cells was possible .", "sentences": [ "However , reprogramming allows for the creation of pluripotent cells , induced pluripotent stem cells , from adult cells .", "It is important to note that these are not adult stem cells , but adult cells ( e.g. epithelial cells ) reprogrammed to give rise to cells with pluripotent capabilities .", "Using genetic reprogramming with protein transcription factors , pluripotent stem cells with ESC - like capabilities have been derived .", "The first demonstration of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells was conducted by Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues at Kyoto University .", "They used the transcription factors Oct3 / 4 , Sox2 , c - Myc , and Klf4 to reprogram mouse fibroblast cells into pluripotent cells .", "Subsequent work used these factors to induce pluripotency in human fibroblast cells .", "Junying Yu , James Thomson , and their colleagues at the University of Wisconsin --", "Madison used a different set of factors , Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Lin28 , and carried out their experiments using cells from human foreskin .", "However , they were able to replicate Yamanaka 's finding that inducing pluripotency in human cells was possible ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars", "text": "The two franchises have a `` symbiotic relationship '' stated Shatner , who credits Star Wars for launching the Star Trek films . He repeated this sentiment at a 2016 Star Trek fan convention in Las Vegas by stating `` Star Wars created Star Trek '' . He clarified this statement by explaining that at the time of the release of the first Star Wars film ( A New Hope ) , Paramount , then under new management , was struggling to come up with something that could compete with it . A Star Trek relaunch was the choice . Since then , public interest has returned to Star Trek . `` It was ' Star Wars ' that thrust ' Star Trek ' into the people of Paramount 's consciousness '' he stated .", "sentences": [ "The two franchises have a `` symbiotic relationship '' stated Shatner , who credits Star Wars for launching the Star Trek films .", "He repeated this sentiment at a 2016 Star Trek fan convention in Las Vegas by stating `` Star Wars created Star Trek '' .", "He clarified this statement by explaining that at the time of the release of the first Star Wars film ( A New Hope ) , Paramount , then under new management , was struggling to come up with something that could compete with it .", "A Star Trek relaunch was the choice .", "Since then , public interest has returned to Star Trek .", "`` It was ' Star Wars ' that thrust ' Star Trek ' into the people of Paramount 's consciousness '' he stated ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program", "text": "During the start of President Corazon Aquino 's term in 1986 , the Constitutional Commission approved Section 21 under Article II , which states that `` The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform . '' This led to the drafting of CARP , which took the Congress a year to make . On June 10 , 1988 , Republic Act No. 6657 , also known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law ( CARL ) , was passed to promote social justice and industrialization . Although it was still a product of adherence to democratic principles , this law was found to have many flaws . Because of much dissatisfaction with the agrarian reform law , proposals from peasant groups and non-government organizations grew in order to implement an alternative program that was more advantageous to them . However , this did not succeed .", "sentences": [ "During the start of President Corazon Aquino 's term in 1986 , the Constitutional Commission approved Section 21 under Article II , which states that `` The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform . ''", "This led to the drafting of CARP , which took the Congress a year to make .", "On June 10 , 1988 , Republic Act No. 6657 , also known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law ( CARL ) , was passed to promote social justice and industrialization .", "Although it was still a product of adherence to democratic principles , this law was found to have many flaws .", "Because of much dissatisfaction with the agrarian reform law , proposals from peasant groups and non-government organizations grew in order to implement an alternative program that was more advantageous to them .", "However , this did not succeed ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Law firm", "text": "The largest law firms in the world are headquartered primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States . However , large firms of more than 1,000 lawyers are also found in Australia ( Minter Ellison ( 1,500 attorneys ) , China ( Dacheng 2,100 attorneys ) and Spain ( Garrigues , 2,100 attorneys ) . The American system of licensing attorneys on a state - by - state basis , the tradition of having a headquarters in a single U.S. state and a close focus on profits per partner ( as opposed to sheer scale ) has to date limited the size of most American law firms . Thus , whilst the most profitable law firms in the world remain in New York , four of the six largest firms in the world are based in London in the United Kingdom . But the huge size of the United States results in a larger number of large firms overall -- a 2003 paper noted that the United States alone had 901 law firms with more than 50 lawyers , while there were only 58 such firms in Canada , 44 in Great Britain , 14 in France , and 9 in Germany . There is an increasing tendency towards globalisation of law firms .", "sentences": [ "The largest law firms in the world are headquartered primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States .", "However , large firms of more than 1,000 lawyers are also found in Australia ( Minter Ellison ( 1,500 attorneys ) , China ( Dacheng 2,100 attorneys ) and Spain ( Garrigues , 2,100 attorneys ) .", "The American system of licensing attorneys on a state - by - state basis , the tradition of having a headquarters in a single U.S. state and a close focus on profits per partner ( as opposed to sheer scale ) has to date limited the size of most American law firms .", "Thus , whilst the most profitable law firms in the world remain in New York , four of the six largest firms in the world are based in London in the United Kingdom .", "But the huge size of the United States results in a larger number of large firms overall -- a 2003 paper noted that the United States alone had 901 law firms with more than 50 lawyers , while there were only 58 such firms in Canada , 44 in Great Britain , 14 in France , and 9 in Germany .", "There is an increasing tendency towards globalisation of law firms ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "The Bootleg Series Vol. 10: Another Self Portrait (1969–1971)", "text": "The 50th Anniversary Collection ( 2012 ) The 50th Anniversary Collection 2012 The Bootleg Series Vol. 10 : Another Self Portrait ( 1969 -- 1971 ) ( 2013 ) The Complete Album Collection Vol . One ( 2013 ) The Complete Album Collection Vol . One 2013", "sentences": [ "The 50th Anniversary Collection ( 2012 )", "The 50th Anniversary Collection 2012 The Bootleg Series Vol. 10 : Another Self Portrait ( 1969 -- 1971 ) ( 2013 )", "The Complete Album Collection Vol .", "One ( 2013 )", "The Complete Album Collection Vol .", "One 2013" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Bates Motel (season 5)", "text": "Caleb wakes to find himself chained in the basement of the Bates house . Norman , as `` Mother '' , visits him to recount their history . This causes Caleb to slowly lose his mind . Chick , now aware of Norman 's mental condition , remains at the house to research his true - crime novel based on Norman . Madeleine admits her troubled marriage to Norman , and they become friends . Romero is granted a transfer , following his prison fight . He escapes custody , only to be shot while trying to steal a car from a farm . `` Mother '' insists that Norman should kill Caleb , as she can not do it . Norman sets Caleb free , but `` Mother '' chases him into the road , where a distracted Chick accidentally hits him with his car .", "sentences": [ "Caleb wakes to find himself chained in the basement of the Bates house .", "Norman , as `` Mother '' , visits him to recount their history .", "This causes Caleb to slowly lose his mind .", "Chick , now aware of Norman 's mental condition , remains at the house to research his true - crime novel based on Norman .", "Madeleine admits her troubled marriage to Norman , and they become friends .", "Romero is granted a transfer , following his prison fight .", "He escapes custody , only to be shot while trying to steal a car from a farm .", "`` Mother '' insists that Norman should kill Caleb , as she can not do it .", "Norman sets Caleb free , but `` Mother '' chases him into the road , where a distracted Chick accidentally hits him with his car ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sherman's March to the Sea", "text": "The right wing was the Army of the Tennessee , commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard , consisting of two corps : XV Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus , with the divisions of Brig . Gens . Charles R. Woods , William B. Hazen , John E. Smith , and John M. Corse . XVII Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Frank Blair , Jr. , with the divisions of Maj. Gen. Joseph A. Mower and Brig . Gens . Mortimer D. Leggett and Giles A. Smith .", "sentences": [ "The right wing was the Army of the Tennessee , commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard , consisting of two corps : XV Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus , with the divisions of Brig .", "Gens .", "Charles R. Woods , William B. Hazen , John E. Smith , and John M. Corse .", "XVII Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Frank Blair , Jr. , with the divisions of Maj. Gen. Joseph A. Mower and Brig .", "Gens .", "Mortimer D. Leggett and Giles A. Smith ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Send In the Clowns", "text": "And I went down and saw it and it seemed very clear what was needed , and so that made it very easy to write . And then I wrote it for her voice , because she could n't sustain notes . Was n't that kind of singing voice . So I knew I had to write things in short phrases , and that led to questions , and so again , I would n't have written a song so quickly if I had n't known the actress ... I wrote most of it one night and finished part of the second chorus , and I 'd gotten the ending ... ( T ) he whole thing was done in two days .", "sentences": [ "And I went down and saw it and it seemed very clear what was needed , and so that made it very easy to write .", "And then I wrote it for her voice , because she could n't sustain notes .", "Was n't that kind of singing voice .", "So I knew I had to write things in short phrases , and that led to questions , and so again , I would n't have written a song so quickly if I had n't known the actress ...", "I wrote most of it one night and finished part of the second chorus , and I 'd gotten the ending ...", "( T )", "he whole thing was done in two days ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Scratching", "text": "Specialized DJ - CD players with jog wheels , allowing the DJ to manipulate a CD as if it were a vinyl record , have become widely available in the 2000s . Vinyl emulation software allows a DJ to manipulate the playback of digital music files on a computer via a DJ control surface ( generally MIDI or a HID controller ) . DJs can scratch , beatmatch , and perform other turntablist operations that can not be done with a conventional keyboard and mouse . DJ software performing computer scratch operations include Traktor Pro , Mixxx , Serato Scratch Live & Itch , Virtual DJ , M - Audio Torq , DJay , Deckadance , Cross . DJs have also used magnetic tape , such as cassette or reel to reel to both mix and scratch . Tape DJing is rare , but Ruthless Ramsey in the US , Tj Scratchavite in Italy and Mr Tape in Latvia use exclusively tape formats to perform .", "sentences": [ "Specialized DJ - CD players with jog wheels , allowing the DJ to manipulate a CD as if it were a vinyl record , have become widely available in the 2000s .", "Vinyl emulation software allows a DJ to manipulate the playback of digital music files on a computer via a DJ control surface ( generally MIDI or a HID controller ) .", "DJs can scratch , beatmatch , and perform other turntablist operations that can not be done with a conventional keyboard and mouse .", "DJ software performing computer scratch operations include Traktor Pro , Mixxx , Serato Scratch Live & Itch , Virtual DJ , M - Audio Torq , DJay , Deckadance , Cross .", "DJs have also used magnetic tape , such as cassette or reel to reel to both mix and scratch .", "Tape DJing is rare , but Ruthless Ramsey in the US , Tj Scratchavite in Italy and Mr Tape in Latvia use exclusively tape formats to perform ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Citric acid cycle", "text": "CH C ( = O ) C ( = O ) O pyruvate + HSCoA + NAD → CH C ( = O ) SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO", "sentences": [ "CH C ( = O )", "C", "( = O )", "O pyruvate + HSCoA +", "NAD → CH C ( = O )", "SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "River Song (Doctor Who)", "text": "When the Doctor next encounters River , in `` The Husbands of River Song '' ( 2015 ) , as the Twelfth Doctor ( Peter Capaldi ) , she does not initially recognise him and he is able to learn more about what she is like when he is not around . The Doctor accompanies River ( from her perspective , shortly after `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' ) on a scheme to obtain a rare diamond . He learns that in addition to him , River has had several spouses , both male and female , and is not above ruthless behaviour as she goes about her work . He also discovers that she truly loves him , but that she also genuinely believes that he does not love her back . She feels that the Doctor is above such petty emotions as love , and that he would never willingly jeopardise himself simply to help her . River ultimately discovers that the man she 's been having this adventure with is actually the Doctor , with a new face she does n't have a record of , thinking he only had 12 regenerations and that she 'd already seen his last one . The pair later crash - land on the planet Darillium , where River had told the Doctor in `` Forest of the Dead '' that they would have their last night together . He uses time travel to ensure a perfect date , gifts her the sonic screwdriver that she had in `` Silence in the Library '' , and comforts her by revealing that the nights on Darillium last `` 24 years '' , giving River a happy life spent with the Doctor before her impending death in the Library .", "sentences": [ "When the Doctor next encounters River , in `` The Husbands of River Song '' ( 2015 ) , as the Twelfth Doctor ( Peter Capaldi ) , she does not initially recognise him and he is able to learn more about what she is like when he is not around .", "The Doctor accompanies River ( from her perspective , shortly after `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' ) on a scheme to obtain a rare diamond .", "He learns that in addition to him , River has had several spouses , both male and female , and is not above ruthless behaviour as she goes about her work .", "He also discovers that she truly loves him , but that she also genuinely believes that he does not love her back .", "She feels that the Doctor is above such petty emotions as love , and that he would never willingly jeopardise himself simply to help her .", "River ultimately discovers that the man she 's been having this adventure with is actually the Doctor , with a new face she does n't have a record of , thinking he only had 12 regenerations and that she 'd already seen his last one .", "The pair later crash - land on the planet Darillium , where River had told the Doctor in `` Forest of the Dead '' that they would have their last night together .", "He uses time travel to ensure a perfect date , gifts her the sonic screwdriver that she had in `` Silence in the Library '' , and comforts her by revealing that the nights on Darillium last `` 24 years '' , giving River a happy life spent with the Doctor before her impending death in the Library ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sampling distribution", "text": "Bernoulli : Bernoulli ⁡ ( p ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( Bernoulli ) ( p ) ) Sample proportion of `` successful trials '' X ̄ ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ bar ( X ) ) ) n X ̄ ∼ Binomial ⁡ ( n , p ) ( \\ displaystyle n ( \\ bar ( X ) ) \\ sim \\ operatorname ( Binomial ) ( n , p ) )", "sentences": [ "Bernoulli : Bernoulli ⁡ ( p ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( Bernoulli ) ( p ) )", "Sample proportion of `` successful trials '' X ̄", "( \\ displaystyle ( \\ bar ( X ) ) )", "n X ̄ ∼ Binomial", "⁡ ( n , p ) ( \\ displaystyle n ( \\ bar ( X ) )", "\\ sim \\ operatorname ( Binomial ) ( n , p ) )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Gillette Stadium", "text": "Coordinates 42 ° 05 ′ 27.40 '' N 71 ° 15 ′ 51.64 '' W  /  42.0909444 ° N 71.2643444 ° W  / 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444 Coordinates : 42 ° 05 ′ 27.40 '' N 71 ° 15 ′ 51.64 '' W  /  42.0909444 ° N 71.2643444 ° W  / 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444", "sentences": [ "Coordinates 42 ° 05 ′ 27.40 ''", "N 71 ° 15 ′ 51.64 ''", "W  /  42.0909444 ° N 71.2643444 °", "W  / 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444 Coordinates : 42 ° 05 ′ 27.40 ''", "N 71 ° 15 ′ 51.64 ''", "W  /  42.0909444 ° N 71.2643444 °", "W  / 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Sum of normally distributed random variables", "text": "φ ( t ) = exp ⁡ ( i t μ + σ 2 i 2 t 2 2 ) . ( \\ displaystyle \\ varphi ( t ) = \\ exp \\ left ( it \\ mu + ( \\ sigma ^ ( 2 ) i ^ ( 2 ) t ^ ( 2 ) \\ over 2 ) \\ right ) . )", "sentences": [ "φ ( t ) = exp ⁡ ( i t μ + σ 2 i 2 t 2 2 ) .", "( \\ displaystyle \\ varphi ( t ) = \\ exp \\ left ( it \\ mu", "+ ( \\ sigma ^", "( 2 ) i ^", "( 2 ) t", "^", "( 2 ) \\ over 2 ) \\ right ) . )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", "text": "A demo that Harrison recorded at his home in Esher includes an unused verse : `` I look at the trouble and see that it 's raging / While my guitar gently weeps / As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... '' This version also includes the line `` The problems you sow are the troubles you 're reaping '' , which he similarly discarded . An early acoustic guitar and harmonium performance of the song features a slightly different third verse : `` I look from the wings at the play you are staging / While my guitar gently weeps / As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... '' This version was released on the 1996 compilation Anthology 3 and was used as the basis of the 2006 Love remix , with a string arrangement by George Martin .", "sentences": [ "A demo that Harrison recorded at his home in Esher includes an unused verse : `` I look at the trouble and see that it 's raging / While my guitar gently weeps /", "As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... ''", "This version also includes the line `` The problems you sow are the troubles you 're reaping '' , which he similarly discarded .", "An early acoustic guitar and harmonium performance of the song features a slightly different third verse : `` I look from the wings at the play you are staging / While my guitar gently weeps /", "As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... ''", "This version was released on the 1996 compilation Anthology 3 and was used as the basis of the 2006 Love remix , with a string arrangement by George Martin ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Nun River", "text": "Nun River 2005 satellite view of Niger Delta . Nun River in the center Niger Delta in 1898 . The Niger flows from the north , and bifurcates just below Abo . The Forçados flows west and the Nun continues south . Country Nigeria State Rivers State Physical characteristics Main source 5 ° 17 ′ 56 '' N 6 ° 24 ′ 52 '' E  /  5.298847 ° N 6.414350 ° E  / 5.298847 ; 6.414350 River mouth 5 ° 18 ′ 30 '' N 6 ° 25 ′ 00 '' E  /  5.308333 ° N 6.416667 ° E  / 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Coordinates : 5 ° 18 ′ 30 '' N 6 ° 25 ′ 00 '' E  /  5.308333 ° N 6.416667 ° E  / 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Length 160 km ( 99 mi )", "sentences": [ "Nun River 2005 satellite view of Niger Delta .", "Nun River in the center Niger Delta in 1898 .", "The Niger flows from the north , and bifurcates just below Abo .", "The Forçados flows west and the Nun continues south .", "Country Nigeria State Rivers State Physical characteristics Main source 5 ° 17 ′ 56 ''", "N 6 ° 24 ′ 52 '' E  /  5.298847 ° N 6.414350 ° E  / 5.298847 ; 6.414350 River mouth 5 ° 18 ′ 30 ''", "N 6 ° 25 ′ 00 ''", "E  /  5.308333 ° N 6.416667 °", "E  / 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Coordinates : 5 ° 18 ′ 30 ''", "N 6 ° 25 ′ 00 ''", "E  /  5.308333 ° N 6.416667 °", "E  / 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Length 160 km ( 99 mi )" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Citric acid cycle", "text": "CH C ( = O ) C ( = O ) O pyruvate + HSCoA + NAD → CH C ( = O ) SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO", "sentences": [ "CH C ( = O )", "C", "( = O )", "O pyruvate + HSCoA +", "NAD → CH C ( = O )", "SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "New World", "text": "Even prior to Vespucci , several maps , e.g. the Cantino planisphere of 1502 and the Canerio map of 1504 , placed a large open ocean between China on the east side of the map , and the inchoate largely water - surrounded North American and South American discoveries on the western side of map . However , out of uncertainty , they depicted a finger of the Asian land mass stretching across the top to the eastern edge of the map , suggesting it carried over into the western hemisphere ( e.g. the Cantino Planisphere denotes Greenland as `` Punta d'Asia '' - `` edge of Asia '' ) . Some maps , e.g. the 1506 Contarini -- Rosselli map and the 1508 Johannes Ruysch map , bowing to Ptolemaic authority and Columbus 's assertions , have the northern Asian landmass stretching well into the western hemisphere and merging with known North America ( Labrador , Newfoundland , etc . ) . These maps place the island of Japan near Cuba and leave the South American continent - Vespucci 's `` New World '' proper - detached and floating below by itself . The Waldseemüller map of 1507 , which accompanied the famous Cosmographiae Introductio volume ( which includes reprints of Vespucci 's letters ) comes closest to modernity by placing a completely open sea ( with no stretching land fingers ) between Asia on the eastern side and the New World ( being represented two times in the same map in a different way : with and without a sea passage in the middle of what is now named Central America ) on the western side - which ( on what is now named South America ) that same map famously labels simply `` America '' . However , Martin Waldseemüller 's map of 1516 retreats considerably from his earlier map and back to classical authority , with the Asian land mass merging into North America ( which he now calls Terra de Cuba Asie partis ) , and quietly drops the `` America '' label from South America , calling it merely Terra Incognita .", "sentences": [ "Even prior to Vespucci , several maps , e.g. the Cantino planisphere of 1502 and the Canerio map of 1504 , placed a large open ocean between China on the east side of the map , and the inchoate largely water - surrounded North American and South American discoveries on the western side of map .", "However , out of uncertainty , they depicted a finger of the Asian land mass stretching across the top to the eastern edge of the map , suggesting it carried over into the western hemisphere ( e.g. the Cantino Planisphere denotes Greenland as `` Punta d'Asia '' - `` edge of Asia '' ) .", "Some maps , e.g. the 1506 Contarini -- Rosselli map and the 1508 Johannes Ruysch map , bowing to Ptolemaic authority and Columbus 's assertions , have the northern Asian landmass stretching well into the western hemisphere and merging with known North America ( Labrador , Newfoundland , etc . ) .", "These maps place the island of Japan near Cuba and leave the South American continent - Vespucci 's `` New World '' proper - detached and floating below by itself .", "The Waldseemüller map of 1507 , which accompanied the famous Cosmographiae Introductio volume ( which includes reprints of Vespucci 's letters ) comes closest to modernity by placing a completely open sea ( with no stretching land fingers ) between Asia on the eastern side and the New World ( being represented two times in the same map in a different way : with and without a sea passage in the middle of what is now named Central America ) on the western side - which ( on what is now named South America ) that same map famously labels simply `` America '' .", "However , Martin Waldseemüller 's map of 1516 retreats considerably from his earlier map and back to classical authority , with the Asian land mass merging into North America ( which he now calls Terra de Cuba Asie partis ) , and quietly drops the `` America '' label from South America , calling it merely Terra Incognita ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Fight of the Century", "text": "The Fight of the Century Date March 8 , 1971 Venue Madison Square Garden , New York City Title ( s ) on the line WBA / WBC / The Ring / Lineal Heavyweight Championships Tale of the tape Boxer Joe Frazier Muhammad Ali Nickname Smokin ' Joe The Greatest Hometown Beaufort , South Carolina Louisville , Kentucky Pre-fight record 26 -- 0 ( 23 KOs ) 31 -- 0 ( 25 KOs ) Height 5 ft 11.5 in ( 1.82 m ) 6 ft 3 in ( 1.91 m ) Weight 205 lb ( 93 kg ) 215 lb ( 98 kg ) Recognition WBC / WBA Heavyweight Champion The Ring / Lineal Heavyweight Champion Result Frazier won in 15 rounds unanimous decision", "sentences": [ "The Fight of the Century Date March 8 , 1971 Venue Madison Square Garden , New York City Title ( s ) on the line WBA / WBC / The Ring / Lineal Heavyweight Championships Tale of the tape Boxer Joe Frazier Muhammad Ali Nickname Smokin ' Joe The Greatest Hometown Beaufort , South Carolina Louisville , Kentucky Pre-fight record 26 -- 0 ( 23 KOs ) 31 -- 0 ( 25 KOs )", "Height 5 ft 11.5 in ( 1.82 m ) 6 ft 3 in ( 1.91 m )", "Weight 205 lb ( 93 kg )", "215 lb ( 98 kg )", "Recognition WBC / WBA", "Heavyweight", "Champion", "The Ring / Lineal Heavyweight Champion Result Frazier won in 15 rounds unanimous decision" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Characters of Malcolm in the Middle", "text": "Actor Character Season 5 6 7 Main characters Jane Kaczmarek Lois Main Bryan Cranston Hal Main Christopher Masterson Francis Main Recurring Justin Berfield Reese Main Erik Per Sullivan Dewey Main Frankie Muniz Malcolm Main Catherine Lloyd Burns Caroline Miller Main Recurring James and Lukas Rodriguez Jamie Recurring Main Recurring characters Craig Lamar Traylor Stevie Kenarban Recurring David Anthony Higgins Craig Feldspar Recurring Gary Anthony Williams Abe Kenarban Recurring Evan Matthew Cohen Lloyd Recurring Kyle Sullivan Dabney Recurring Daniel Von Bargen Edwin Spangler Recurring Flashback Will Jennings Kyle Recurring Flashback Drew Powell Drew Horton Recurring Flashback Arjay Smith Ken Finley Recurring Flashback Karim Prince Stanley Winn Recurring Eric Nenninger Eric Hansen Guest Recurring Flashback Merrin Dungey Kitty Kenarban Guest Recurring Guest Guest Kasan Butcher Joe Guest Recurring Flashback Tania Raymonde Cynthia Recurring Guest Cloris Leachman Ida Guest Recurring Emy Coligado Piama Tananahaakna Recurring Chris Eigeman Lionel Herkabe Recurring Guest Recurring Victor Z . Isaac Kevin Recurring Brenda Wehle Lavernia Recurring Sandy Ward Pete Recurring John Ennis Artie Recurring Kenneth Mars Otto Mannkusser Recurring Meagen Fay Gretchen Mannkusser Recurring", "sentences": [ "Actor Character Season 5 6 7 Main characters Jane Kaczmarek Lois Main Bryan Cranston Hal Main Christopher Masterson Francis Main Recurring Justin Berfield Reese Main Erik Per Sullivan Dewey Main Frankie Muniz", "Malcolm Main Catherine Lloyd Burns Caroline Miller Main Recurring James and Lukas Rodriguez Jamie", "Recurring Main Recurring characters Craig Lamar Traylor Stevie Kenarban Recurring David Anthony Higgins Craig Feldspar", "Recurring Gary Anthony Williams Abe Kenarban Recurring Evan Matthew Cohen Lloyd Recurring Kyle Sullivan Dabney Recurring Daniel Von Bargen Edwin Spangler", "Recurring Flashback Will Jennings Kyle Recurring Flashback Drew Powell Drew Horton", "Recurring Flashback Arjay Smith Ken Finley", "Recurring Flashback Karim Prince Stanley Winn Recurring Eric Nenninger Eric Hansen Guest Recurring Flashback Merrin Dungey Kitty Kenarban Guest Recurring Guest Guest", "Kasan Butcher Joe Guest Recurring Flashback Tania Raymonde Cynthia Recurring Guest Cloris Leachman Ida Guest", "Recurring Emy Coligado Piama Tananahaakna", "Recurring Chris Eigeman Lionel Herkabe Recurring Guest", "Recurring Victor Z .", "Isaac Kevin", "Recurring Brenda Wehle Lavernia", "Recurring Sandy Ward Pete", "Recurring John Ennis Artie Recurring Kenneth Mars Otto Mannkusser Recurring Meagen Fay Gretchen Mannkusser Recurring" ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Challenger Deep", "text": "In 2014 , a study was conducted regarding the determination of the depth and location of the Challenger Deep based on data collected previous to and during the 2010 sonar mapping of the Mariana Trench with a Kongsberg Maritime EM 122 multibeam echosounder system aboard the USNS Sumner ( T - AGS - 61 ) . This study by James . V. Gardner et al. of the Center for Coastal & Ocean Mapping - Joint Hydrographic Center ( CCOM / JHC ) , Chase Ocean Engineering Laboratory of the University of New Hampshire splits the measurement attempt history into three main groups : early single - beam echo sounders ( 1950s - 1970 's ) , early multibeam echo sounders ( 1980s - 21st century ) , and modern ( i.e. , post-GPS , high - resolution ) multibeam echo sounders . Taking uncertainties in depth measurements and position estimation into account the raw data of the 2010 bathymetry of the Challenger Deep vicinity consisting of 2,051,371 soundings from eight survey lines was analyzed . The study concludes that with the best of 2010 multibeam echosounder technologies after the analysis a depth uncertainty of ± 25 m ( 82 ft ) ( 95 % confidence level ) on 9 degrees of freedom and a positional uncertainty of ± 20 to 25 m ( 66 to 82 ft ) ( 2drms ) remain and the location of the deepest depth recorded in the 2010 mapping is 10,984 m ( 36,037 ft ) at 11 ° 19 ′ 48 '' N 142 ° 11 ′ 57 '' E  /  11.329903 ° N 142.199305 ° E  / 11.329903 ; 142.199305 . The depth measurement uncertainty is a composite of measured uncertainties in the spatial variations in sound - speed through the water volume , the ray - tracing and bottom - detection algorithms of the multibeam system , the accuracies and calibration of the motion sensor and navigation systems , estimates of spherical spreading , attenuation throughout the water volume , and so forth .", "sentences": [ "In 2014 , a study was conducted regarding the determination of the depth and location of the Challenger Deep based on data collected previous to and during the 2010 sonar mapping of the Mariana Trench with a Kongsberg Maritime EM 122 multibeam echosounder system aboard the USNS Sumner ( T - AGS - 61 ) .", "This study by James .", "V. Gardner et al. of the Center for Coastal & Ocean Mapping - Joint Hydrographic Center ( CCOM / JHC ) , Chase Ocean Engineering Laboratory of the University of New Hampshire splits the measurement attempt history into three main groups : early single - beam echo sounders ( 1950s - 1970 's ) , early multibeam echo sounders ( 1980s - 21st century ) , and modern ( i.e. , post-GPS , high - resolution ) multibeam echo sounders .", "Taking uncertainties in depth measurements and position estimation into account the raw data of the 2010 bathymetry of the Challenger Deep vicinity consisting of 2,051,371 soundings from eight survey lines was analyzed .", "The study concludes that with the best of 2010 multibeam echosounder technologies after the analysis a depth uncertainty of ± 25 m ( 82 ft ) ( 95 % confidence level ) on 9 degrees of freedom and a positional uncertainty of ± 20 to 25 m ( 66 to 82 ft ) ( 2drms ) remain and the location of the deepest depth recorded in the 2010 mapping is 10,984 m ( 36,037 ft ) at 11 ° 19 ′ 48 '' N 142 ° 11", "′ 57 '' E  /  11.329903 ° N 142.199305 °", "E  / 11.329903 ; 142.199305 .", "The depth measurement uncertainty is a composite of measured uncertainties in the spatial variations in sound - speed through the water volume , the ray - tracing and bottom - detection algorithms of the multibeam system , the accuracies and calibration of the motion sensor and navigation systems , estimates of spherical spreading , attenuation throughout the water volume , and so forth ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "History of New York (state)", "text": "The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC . Around 800 AD , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region . The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York . By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed . The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes . For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory . The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards .", "sentences": [ "The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC .", "Around 800 AD , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region .", "The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York .", "By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed .", "The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes .", "For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory .", "The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards ." ] } ]

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[ { "title": "Technology during World War II", "text": "The German U-boats were used primarily for stopping / destroying the resources from the United States and Canada coming across the Atlantic . Submarines were critical in the Pacific Ocean as well as in the Atlantic Ocean . Advances in submarine technology included the snorkel . Japanese defenses against Allied submarines were ineffective . Much of the merchant fleet of the Empire of Japan , needed to supply its scattered forces and bring supplies such as petroleum and food back to the Japanese Archipelago , was sunk . Among the warships sunk by submarines was the war 's largest aircraft carrier , the Shinano .", "sentences": [ "The German U-boats were used primarily for stopping / destroying the resources from the United States and Canada coming across the Atlantic .", "Submarines were critical in the Pacific Ocean as well as in the Atlantic Ocean .", "Advances in submarine technology included the snorkel .", "Japanese defenses against Allied submarines were ineffective .", "Much of the merchant fleet of the Empire of Japan , needed to supply its scattered forces and bring supplies such as petroleum and food back to the Japanese Archipelago , was sunk .", "Among the warships sunk by submarines was the war 's largest aircraft carrier , the Shinano ." ] } ]

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