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10,530 | In modern society, many people get fat, have beer bellies and are seriously overweight because they often drink beer. | The answer to the question "Do fat people often exercise besides drinking beer?" is impossible to question the above argument. | entailment |
9,012 | In a plastic greenhouse, there are six rectangular vegetable ponds of the same size, arranged in order from left to right: numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. And No. 1 is not adjacent to No. 6. Six kinds of vegetables need to be planted in the greenhouse. Q, L, H, X, S and Y. Only one of them can be planted in each vegetable pond. The planting arrangement must meet the following conditions: Q is planted in a vegetable pond on the left side of H. X is planted in the No. 1 or No. 6 vegetable pond. Y or S is planted in the No. 3 vegetable pond. L is planted next to the right side of S. | If S and Q are planted in odd-numbered vegetable ponds, then H is planted in the No.1 vegetable pond may be true. | not-entailment |
3,798 | Psychological implication refers to the use of implicit and indirect methods to affect the psychology and behavior of others. The effect of suggestion often makes others unconsciously act in a certain way, or accept certain opinions or beliefs uncritically. | The statement 'Why are you so haggard? Are you sick?' has no psychological implication. | not-entailment |
8,340 | Four contestants, Zhang, Liu, Li and Zhao, who were not familiar with each other, participated in the university speech contest. They come from mathematics, logic, literature and history majors. Before the game, the four people made the following guesses: Zhang: Zhao's major is logic; Liu: Li's major is literature; Li: Zhang's major is not mathematics; Zhao: Liu's major is history. It was learned afterwards that only the guesses of mathematics and logic professionals were correct. | The respective majors of Zhang, Liu, Li, and Zhao, based on the above information, are mathematics, logic, literature, and history. | not-entailment |
13,205 | Two centuries ago, Tufe Peninsula became separated from the mainland, isolating on the newly formed Tufe Island a population of Turfil sunflowers. This population' s descendants grow to be, on average, 40 centimeters shorter than Turfil sunflowers found on the mainland. Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was. So the current average height of Tufe' s Turfil sunflowers is undoubtedly at least partially attributable to changes in Tufe' s environmental conditions. | The mainland's environment has not changed in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mainland growing to be 40 centimeters taller than they did two centuries ago is an assumption on which the argument depends. | entailment |
8,338 | Any enterprise that exists in the society is a social enterprise. Society is the stage for entrepreneurs to display their talents. Only entrepreneurs who sincerely return to society and earnestly fulfill their social responsibilities can be truly recognized by the society and meet the requirements of the times. | If entrepreneurs do not fulfill their social responsibilities, they will not be really recognized by the society can be inferred from the statement above. | entailment |
13,410 | All bridges built from 1950 to 1960 are in serious need of rehabilitation. Some bridges constructed in this period, however, were built according to faulty engineering design. That is the bad news. The good news is that at least some bridges in serious need of rehabilitation are not suspension bridges, since no suspension bridges are among the bridges that were built according to faulty engineering design. | Some bridges built from 1950 to 1960 are not in serious need of rehabilitation must also be true if the statements above are true, on the basis of those statements. | not-entailment |
9,068 | There are seven recruits in a university: F, G, H, I, W, X and Y, of which one is a signal soldier, three are engineers, and the other three are transport soldiers. The conditions for the distribution of arms for recruits are as follows: H and Y must be assigned to the same arms. F and G cannot be assigned to the same arms. If X is assigned as a transport soldier, W is assigned as an engineer. F was assigned to be an engineer. | G and X cannot be assigned as transporters together. | entailment |
2,765 | Close to his undergraduate graduation, Li Ming has achieved excellent results in all his courses. According to the regulations of the University, if his course scores are excellent in the last semester, he can be exempted from the examination to study as a graduate student. Li Ming failed to get an excellent grade in one subject in the last semester, so he can't be exempted from the examination to study as a graduate student. | The above argument has loopholes because it has a mature understanding of the provisions stated in the title stem as: only if the course scores of all semesters are excellent, can they be exempted from the examination to study as graduate students is the most appropriate evaluation of the above argument. | entailment |
8,331 | In order to eliminate pests in farmland, human beings have invented more than 30,000 kinds of pesticides. Although they have temporarily controlled the pests, they have also eliminated the natural enemies of insects and bees, making it impossible for some vegetables, melons and fruits to be pollinated. Weeds compete with crops for nutrition, water and space, so someone invented herbicides, which temporarily control weeds, but also promote the evolution of weeds, making them more difficult to deal with. To make matters worse, herbicides also eliminated beneficial microorganisms in the soil, harming some nitrogen-fixing bacteria that had the ability to fix nitrogen, and even denitrifying bacteria that reduced excess nitrogen to nitrogen in the atmosphere. Without the care of weeds, farmland becomes plank, and the rainy season is very easy to cause soil erosion. | Modern agricultural technology has both advantages and disadvantages is the most important part of this passage. | entailment |
14,418 | The reforms to improve the quality of public education that have been initiated on the part of suppliers of public education have been insufficient. Ttherefore, reforms must be demanded by consumers. Parents should be given government vouchers with which to pay for their children' s education and should be allowed to choose the schools at which the vouchers will be spent. To attract students, academically underachieving schools will be forced to improve their academic offerings. | The argument assumes that in selecting schools parents would tend to prefer a reasonable level of academic quality to greater sports opportunities or more convenient location. | entailment |
678 | Over the past 2000 years, the range of climate change in the Yangtze River Basin has been less than that in the Yellow River Basin, with abundant rainfall and stronger vegetation restoration capacity than that in the north. Every time the severe cold strikes, the damage suffered by the north is much greater than that in the south. Therefore, China's economic center has moved from the north to the south | The natural environment is not a major factor in economic development can best refute this argument. | entailment |
1,306 | Sometimes poverty is not only a low income, but also a lack of ability. The root of ability is quality. Civilization is also a quality, and it is a more important quality. Researchers of poverty culture have proposed that we should pay attention not only to the living conditions of the poor, but also to their values, life attitudes and behavior patterns. Once this subculture is formed, it will affect them to change the situation of poverty, Yan Yangchu, the pioneer of the rural construction movement of the Republic of China, believed that the fundamental policy of rural construction was to deal with ignorance, poverty, weakness and privacy, so as to cultivate farmers' knowledge, productivity, strong construction and unity. | The purpose of the above words is to improve the civilized quality of the poor people. | entailment |
8,968 | There are seven candidates hired by Haier: F, G, H, I, W, X and Y, of which one needs to be assigned to the public relations department, three to the production department and three to the sales department. The personnel allocation of these seven employees must meet the following conditions: (1) H and Y must be assigned to the same department. (2) F and G cannot be assigned to the same department. (3) if X is assigned to the sales department, W is assigned to the production department. (4) F must be assigned to the production department. | The pair G and I cannot be assigned to the sales department. | not-entailment |
4,376 | Gao Ming must be a master swimmer, because he goes swimming every day. | The premise 'Unless you are a good swimmer, people don't go swimming every day' serves as the basis for the above conclusion. | entailment |
14,422 | That Shakespeare' s The Winter s Tale ( 1610-1611) is modeled after Euripides' Alcestis (fifth century B. C. ) seems undeniable. However, it is generally accepted that Shakespeare knew little or no Greek, so Euripides' original play would be an unlikely source. Thus, it seems most likely that Shakespeare came to know Euripides' play through a Latin translation. | The only English language version of Alcestis available in Shakespeare's time differed drastically from the original in ways The Winter s Tale does not LEAST strengthens the argument. | not-entailment |
5,276 | There is a lyric: How can you see a rainbow without experiencing wind and rain. | If you experience wind and rain, you can see the rainbow is not a logical inference of the above lyrics. | entailment |
3,191 | Xiao Sun cannot swim and play tennis. | Xiao Sun can swim, but he cannot play tennis must be true according to the above statement. | not-entailment |
1,400 | The difficulties in life and the loneliness of my heart made me waver for my choice. Often worry about eating, or miss my mother can only make a phone call, I really regret my impulsive choice. But think about it, after all, this is my own decision, and it will only take half a year. But soon, seeing that the English grades of these rural children improved and the children who dropped out of school returned to the classroom, I think I found the feeling that I like it here. | Young volunteers are most likely to be the author's occupation. | entailment |
5,333 | Property income refers to the income derived from movable property (such as bank deposits, securities, etc.) and real property (such as houses, vehicles, land, collectibles, etc.) owned by the family. | Non-property appreciation income is not classified as property income according to the above definition. | entailment |
6,674 | No matter it is accurate, vivid or vivid, it is always appropriate to use the required words in terms of language.Only in this way can the concept expressed be accurate and make people feel bright. to put it mysteriously, there is still its tone and color in the words. | The most accurate restatement of the main idea of this passage is that the use of words should be appropriate. | entailment |
278 | The average life expectancy of the population is an important indicator reflecting the health level of the people in a country and region. The sixth national census shows that the average life expectancy of the Chinese population reached 74.83 years in 2010, while the average life expectancy of the population in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China was only about 35 years. Therefore, the elderly people that people thought more than sixty years ago now seem to be just middle-aged people. | If true, the statement that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China the living environment was more difficult and people's nutritional level was much worse than it is now would most weaken the above point of view. | not-entailment |
4,963 | A travel agency booked air tickets for three passengers. The three passengers were John from the British, Thomas from the American and Brown from the French. The three of them went to the United Kingdom, one to the United States, and one to Switzerland. It is known that John did not intend to go to the United States and Thomas did not intend to go to Switzerland. Brown did not go to the United States or Switzerland. | Thomas goes to America, Brown goes to England, John goes to Switzerland is correct. | entailment |
10,897 | Until he was dismissed amid great controversy, Hastings was considered one of the greatest intelligence agents of all time. It is clear that if his dismissal was justified, then Hastings was either incompetent or else disloyal. Soon after the dismissal, however, it was shown that he had never been incompetent. Thus, one is forced to conclude that Hastings must have been disloyal. | Hastings's dismissal was justified is an assumption upon which the argument depends. | entailment |
3,467 | Service-oriented public relations refers to the public relations activities in which the organization mainly provides various affordable services and obtains the understanding and praise of the public through practical actions, so as to establish a good image of the organization. | According to the above definition, service-oriented public relations includes the practice of a water heater manufacturer regularly sending the precautions for the use of water heater to users, and changing the filter screen for users free every year. | entailment |
10,770 | In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S. Companies in R that manufacture telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban, on the grounds that it is impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country. | The assumption that the telecommunication equipment that would be imported into S if the exemption were to be granted would not be available solely to top government officials in S is on which the argument given by the manufacturers depends. | entailment |
2,870 | Yijiangnan Garden plans to build 5 gardens of pine, bamboo, plum, orchid and chrysanthemum. The garden is planned to have 3 gates in the east, south, and north, respectively located in 3 gardens. The layout of these five gardens meets the following conditions: (1) If the east gate is located in pine garden, or chrysanthemum garden, then the south gate is not located in bamboo garden; (2) If the south gate is not located in bamboo garden, then the north gate is not located in orchid garden; (3) If the chrysanthemum garden is in the center of the garden, then it is not adjacent to the orchid garden; (4) the orchid garden is adjacent to the chrysanthemum garden, with a beautiful bridge in the middle. | The chrysanthemum garden is in the center of the garden can be derived based on the above information. | not-entailment |
13,135 | Book Review: When I read a novel set in a city I know well, I must see that the writer knows the city at least as well as I do if I am to take that writer seriously. If the writer is faking, I know immediately and do not trust that writer. When a novelist demonstrates the required knowledge, I trust the storyteller, so I trust the tale. This trust increases my enjoyment of a good novel. Peter Lee' s second novel is set in San Francisco. In this novel, as in his first, Lee passes my test with flying colors. | Peter Lee's first novel was set in San Francisco can be properly inferred from the passage. | not-entailment |
10,645 | Beck: Our computer program estimates municipal automotive use based on weekly data. Some staff question the accuracy of the program' s estimates. But because the figures it provides are remarkably consistent from week to week, we can be confident of its accuracy. | The reasoning in Beck's argument is flawed because it takes for granted that the program's output would be consistent even if its estimates were inaccurate. | not-entailment |
13,634 | The government-owned gas company has begun selling stoves and other gas appliances to create a larger market for its gas. Merchants who sell such products complain that the competition will hurt their businesses. That may well be; however, the government-owned gas company is within its rights. After all, the owner of a private gas company might well decide to sell such appliances and surely there would be nothing wrong with that. | The principle 'There is nothing wrong with a government-owned company selling products so long as owners of private companies do not complain' most helps to justify the reasoning above. | not-entailment |
7,559 | Monday syndrome: It refers to symptoms such as dizziness, chest tightness, abdominal distension, loss of appetite, body aches, and inability to concentrate due to excessive consumption of energy to deal with things outside of work on weekends. | Ms. Wang's schedule filled with children throughout the weekend is an example of Monday syndrome. | entailment |
4,363 | Xiao Wang complained that his mother always turned on the TV too loudly, which affected his reading, and asked his mother to turn off the TV. But his mother said that the sound of the TV was not loud, because his father had been reading the newspaper all the time and did not say that the TV sound was too loud, so she refused to turn down the TV sound. | The statement 'Father is old and has poor hearing' can best indicate that the mother's refusal to turn down the TV sound is wrong. | not-entailment |
5,276 | There is a lyric: How can you see a rainbow without experiencing wind and rain. | Unless you experience wind and rain, you can't see the rainbow is not a logical inference of the above lyrics. | not-entailment |
8,738 | The national academic conference held by a certain society received nearly a thousand conference papers each time. In order to ensure the quality of the conference exchange papers, the academic conference organizing committee decided to select only 10% of the conference papers as conference exchange papers. | The assumption that the organizing committee of the academic conference can make an accurate judgment on the quality of the paper is most likely to be based on the decision of the organizing committee of the academic conference. | not-entailment |
13,754 | McBride: The proposed new fuel-efficiency standards, if implemented, will discourage the manufacture of full-size cars. This prospect is troubling because when a subcompact and a full-size car collide, the people in the subcompact are more likely to be seriously injured than if theirs had also been a full-size car. The new fuel-efficiency standards should ttherefore be opposed. Leggett: But whenever any two cars collide, it is more likely that someone will be seriously injured if one of the cars is a full-size car than if neither car is full-size. So the new fuel-efficiency standards should be supported precisely because they discourage the manufacture of full-size cars. | McBride's and Leggett's statements commit them to disagreeing about the truth of the statement 'The manufacture of full-size cars should be discouraged.' | entailment |
7,817 | Weather refers to the combination of meteorological elements (such as temperature, humidity, etc.) and weather phenomena (such as clouds, fog, etc.) in the atmosphere of a certain area at a certain instant or over a certain period of time. | Tomorrow Nanjing will be cloudy with a maximum temperature of 2 degree and a minimum temperature of 0 degree does not belong to the weather. | not-entailment |
11,288 | Conservationist: The risk to airplane passengers from collisions between airplanes using the airport and birds from the wildlife refuge is negligible. In the 10 years since the refuge was established, only 20 planes have been damaged in collisions with birds, and no passenger has been injured as a result of such a collision. The wildlife refuge ttherefore poses no safety risk. Pilot: You neglect to mention that 17 of those 20 collisions occurred within the past 2 years, and that the number of birds in the refuge is rapidly increasing. As the number of collisions between birds and airplanes increases, so does the likelihood that at least one such collision will result in passenger injuries. | The pilot counters the conservationist by disputing the accuracy of the figures cited by the conservationist. | not-entailment |
12,716 | But if a public place is uncomfortable it is not well designed, and all comfortable public places have spacious interiors If all of the interior decorator' s statements are true, then which one of the following must be true? | Any restaurant that has a spacious interior is comfortable is a conclusion that can be drawn from the interior decorator's statements. | not-entailment |
5,536 | The infant's early characteristics can arouse the love and nurturing of adults. Many animals have the characteristics of human babies in shape and behavior.Therefore, people are easily attracted to such animals and make them pets. | The statement 'Parents like to keep pets, children also like to keep pets' best supports the above conclusions. | not-entailment |
9,234 | The same number of eggplant seedlings were planted in the two experimental greenhouses, and only fertilizer A was applied to the first greenhouse, but not to the second greenhouse. The first greenhouse produces 1200 kilograms of eggplant and the second greenhouse produces 900kg eggplant. Nothing but water was applied to the two greenhouses, so fertilizer A must have led to a higher yield of eggplant in the first greenhouse. | The statement 'A small amount of fertilizer A seeps from the first greenhouse into the second greenhouse' most seriously weakens the above argument. | not-entailment |
231 | Trojan horse program is currently a relatively popular virus file. Unlike ordinary viruses, it does not reproduce itself, nor does it deliberately infect other files. It pretends to be a normal file to attract users to download and execute. The trojan horse opens the portal of the computer of the users, so that the applicator can destroy and steal the files in the computer of the users at will, and even remotely control their computers. | According to the above definition, the main harm caused by the trojan horse program is disguising itself as normal files. | not-entailment |
13,845 | In marketing their products, drug companies often send gifts to physicians. According to a recent survey, most physicians believe that their own choices when prescribing drugs are not influenced by drug companies' gifts. The same survey indicates that the majority of physicians believe that most other physicians' prescription choices are influenced by such gifts. | If the survey results are accurate, all physicians who admit that their own choices when prescribing drugs are influenced by drug companies' gifts believe that most other physicians' prescription choices are also influenced by such gifts must be true. | not-entailment |
368 | In daily life, some people save trouble when taking medicine. After putting the pills in their mouths, they do not drink water or just take a sip of water, and then swallow hard, thinking they have finished taking the medicine. Some people think that this way of taking medicine is not advisable. | When taking the medicine, drinking too little water will make the tablets stay in the esophagus for a longer time and even cause side effects best supports these people's views. | entailment |
11,130 | If the flowers Drew received today had been sent by someone who knows Drew well, that person would have known that Drew prefers violets to roses. Yet Drew received roses. On the other hand, if the flowers had been sent by someone who does not know Drew well, then that person would have sent a signed card with the flowers. Yet Drew received no card. Ttherefore, the florist must have made some sort of mistake: either Drew was supposed to receive violets, or a card, or these flowers were intended for someone else. | Some people send flowers for a reason other than the desire to please most weakens the argument. | entailment |
12,748 | Jorge: You won' t be able to write well about the rock music of the 1960s, since you were just an infant then. Rock music of the 1960s was created by and for people who were then in their teens and early twenties. Ruth: Your reasoning is absurd. There are living writers who write well about ancient Roman culture, even though those writers are obviously not a part of ancient Roman culture. | The issue between Jorge and Ruth is whether only those people who were in their teens or early twenties during the 1960s can be qualified to write about the rock music of that period. | entailment |
7,627 | Public information resources refer to all kinds of data systems which are managed by social specific management organization according to law and provide information service for the whole society. It has the characteristics of publicity, extensiveness, foundation and commonweal. | The National Meteorological Department establishes the meteorological information release system, such as the weather forecast and the geological disaster early warning, is the public information resource. | entailment |
123 | The large amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels does not actually cause the greenhouse effect-that is, the increase in global average temperature. Because if the supply of carbon dioxide rises, plants will consume more of the gas, so they will grow taller and lushly, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will eventually remain stable. | The fact that the carbon dioxide content has risen or fallen many times in the history of the earth shows that they have some biological effects that can reverse the greenhouse effect will most severely weaken the conclusion-the large amount of carbon dioxide currently released into the atmosphere will not cause the greenhouse effect. | not-entailment |
7,613 | All truths are tested by practice, and the theory of relativity is truth, so the theory of relativity is tested by practice. | All fine grains are not high-yield crops. Because all potatoes are high-yield crops, and all fine grains are not potatoes has the same structure as the above reasoning. | not-entailment |
11,024 | Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it. <b> That plan is ill-conceived </b>: if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders. On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires. And that is exactly why <b> a more sensible preservation strategy would be to the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability </b>. | The first boldface portion is the main conclusion toward which the reasoning is directed and the second boldface portion is a consideration raised in order to support that conclusion in the reasoning above. | not-entailment |
12,271 | A recent report on an environmental improvement program was criticized for focusing solely on pragmatic solutions to the large number of significant problems that plague the program instead of seriously trying to produce a coherent vision for the future of the program. In response the report' s authors granted that the critics had raised a valid point but explained that, to do anything at all, the program needed continued government funding, and that to get such funding the program first needed to regain a reputation for competence. | The basic position taken by the report's authors on the criticism leveled against the report is that addressing the critics' concern now would be premature. | entailment |
6,372 | The key exhibition hall of the museum basically has no divided space, which ensures the smooth and spacious exhibition hall as far as possible. And put the obvious specimens in the most eye-catching position in this exhibition hall, which allows the audience to see the most wonderful display as soon as they enter the exhibition area. In every big space. Appropriate use of the wrong layer of the way to open up an interactive area. Special introduction of relevant scientific knowledge, at the same time, this wrong layer is also a good watch viewing point of view. | The characteristic of museum exhibits, according to the article, is the combination of art and science. | not-entailment |
3,089 | For me, in 50 years of spring, summer, autumn and winter, flowers bloom and fall, never give up and follow each other. When I was a teenager, I was obsessed with chasing her, and she always left me far behind; When I was young, I walked with her hand in hand, warm, bitter, and dreams echoed in each other's hearts; When we were middle-aged, we were on each side of the sky, lovesickness, love and nostalgia, which were dense in our strong memory; When I was old, I unconsciously ran ahead of Nian. Although I slowed down again and again, as soon as I looked back, Nian's shadow lay on me. I couldn't pull it down and throw it away. Since then, I no longer love Nian, love Nian and think about Nian. I began to fear Nian and even hate Nian. | If you ignore Nian more and more, she will follow you. If you don't pay attention, she will suddenly cross in front of you, block your way and trip your feet is correct according to the above materials. | not-entailment |
1,426 | Market economy is essentially an economy ruled by law. Market and rule of law are two sides of the same coin. Different from the era of planned economy, the allocation of resources in the market economy is realized through the competition mechanism, so we must follow a set of perfect rules to adjust the economy through the invisible hand of the market. | The main content of this text is that market competition can realize the rational allocation of resources. | not-entailment |
6,153 | Both the director and the producer are very complex types of work, and the accumulation of experience is very important. If you haven't experienced the hard work on the set, your ability to execute on the spot will be problematic. Therefore, in some countries where the film industry is mature, after graduating from school, newcomers must first be apprentices in studios, starting with script writing, then going through the assistant director, executive director and other links. After mastering all the skills, they will eventually become a qualified director, then guide and supervise. | The truth contained in this passage can be best summarized as: the knowledge and principles obtained from books are simple, but to truly understand them, one must personally verify them. | entailment |
6,554 | The scientific concept of development is a scientific theory to guide development and a powerful weapon to deal with the crisis. It is necessary to use the scientific concept of development to find countermeasures, adhere to the road of scientific development, and tide over the difficulties. It is necessary to further deepen study, deepen the understanding of the spiritual essence and practical guiding significance of the scientific concept of development, earnestly enhance the consciousness of implementing the scientific concept of development, scientifically analyze the situation, and enhance confidence in winning. We should turn the pressure brought about by the international financial crisis into a driving force for promoting scientific development, and creatively implement the central policy of maintaining growth, expanding domestic demand and adjusting structure. Make great efforts to solve the outstanding problems in economic operation and reduce the losses caused by the international financial crisis to a minimum. | "Under the guidance of the scientific concept of development, we should deal with the challenges brought by the international financial crisis through China's economy and society" is highlighted in this passage. | entailment |
13,784 | Sea turtle hatchlings leaving their hatching grounds on Florida beaches reach ocean currents by swimming to the northeast, as defined by the north of the Earth' s magnetic field. Florida hatchlings placed in a large indoor tank also swim toward the northeast. But when the tank is surrounded by an artificial magnetic field twice as strong as the Earth' s field and opposite in direction, the hatchlings swim in the direction opposite to that in which they swim without the artificial magnetic field. | The information in the statements above most strongly supports the statement 'The direction in which ocean currents flow is determined by the magnetic field of the Earth.' | not-entailment |
8,750 | The raw materials of cement are very cheap, such as limestone and soil that can be found everywhere can be used as raw materials for cement. But the price of cement will be affected by the price of oil, because it consumes a lot of energy to change raw materials into cement in high-temperature furnaces. | Petroleum is the energy source of some high temperature furnaces for making cement is most likely to come to a conclusion based on the above judgment. | entailment |
15,091 | Crimes in which handguns are used are more likely than other crimes to result in fatalities. However, the majority of crimes in which handguns are used do not result in fatalities. Ttherefore, there is no need to enact laws that address crimes involving handguns as distinct from other crimes. | The pattern of flawed reasoning displayed in the argument above most closely resembles that in the statement 'Many people swim daily in order to stay physically fit. Yet people who swim daily increase their risk of developing ear infections. Hence people who want to remain in good health are better off not following fitness programs that include swimming daily.' | not-entailment |
14,103 | Albumin, one element of blood plasma, is an effective substitute for plasma in treating or preventing shock, the collapse of blood vessels due to a drop in the liquid volume of the bloodstream. Injected into the bloodstream, albumin absorbs enough liquid from surrounding tissues to keep the blood vessels open. It has an advantage over plasma because it can be made available for emergencies while taking up a fraction of the shipping and storage space of plasma. | Hardbound books can be a better choice than paperbacks despite their extra bulk if the books need to be more durable than paperbacks best illustrates the principle illustrated by the stated advantage of using albumin as a substitute for plasma. | not-entailment |
10,415 | A unit arranges 6 people on duty on The first day, the second day, the third day of the new year. They are G., H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required to be on duty every day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions: (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on duty in the first day, then G is on duty in the second day. (4) ) If S is on duty in the third day, then H is on duty in the second day. | G is on duty in the second day must be true if H is on duty on the same day as the day before S. | entailment |
12,005 | Electric washing machines, first introduced in the United States in 1925, significantly reduced the amount of time spent washing a given amount of clothes, yet the average amount of time households spent washing clothes increased after 1925. This increase is partially accounted for by the fact that many urban households had previously sent their clothes to professional laundries. But the average amount of time spent washing clothes also increased for rural households with no access to professional laundries. | The earliest electric washing machines required the user to spend much more time beside the machine than do modern electric washing machines most helps to explain why the time spent washing clothes increased in rural areas. | not-entailment |
9,139 | In ball games, it is wrong to use replay to decide a penalty, because no matter how many cameras follow the game on the field, some foul actions will inevitably be missed, and it is impossible to be aware of what happened to you in the past. | Trial marriage is not immoral, because anyone who buys clothes can try it on is most similar to the above argument. | not-entailment |
8,463 | Install a metal rod at the top of a tall building, connect it with a metal plate buried underground, and discharge through the tip of the metal rod to gradually neutralize the electricity carried by the clouds and the electricity on the ground, so as to protect the building from lightning.This phenomenon is known as the lightning rod effect in the management community. It refers to the method of management, that is, to conduct guidance before things happen, to prevent accidents or disasters before they occur, and to lead the positive development of the situation, that is, if it is good and good, it will certainly be peaceful if it can be guided. | In the reconstruction of a garage in a residential area, the property owner extensively solicited the opinions of the owners and reached a consensus so that the project could be carried out smoothly has nothing to do with the lightning rod effect according to the above definition. | entailment |
8,417 | The Renaissance is generally regarded as an ideological and artistic movement that originated in Italy in the 14th century and then spread throughout Europe. Colonialism is often associated with the historical development of Europe since the end of the 15th century, such as the opening of new routes, the discovery of new continents and the political enslavement, economic exploitation and military occupation of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the past, the studies of the two are far apart, but recently some scholars have keenly grasped that there is a covert superposition relationship between the two. | The most likely topic to be described in this passage next is how the Renaissance paved the way for colonialism. | entailment |
4,740 | The extinction of biological clusters refers to the sudden death of a large number of organisms within more than one geographic area in a relatively short geological period, causing the number of biological species to suddenly and drastically drop in a short time. | The statement 'In the past 40 years, the number of native British bird species has decreased by 54%, the native wild plant species have decreased by 28%, and the species of native butterflies have decreased by an astonishing 71%' belongs to the extinction of biological clusters according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
8,631 | Endorsement brand refers to the supporting brand behind a product brand and service brand. The endorsement brand is also called the parent brand, which is the endorsement brand. It can be divided into two categories: one is the hard endorsement brand, which takes the form of enterprise total brand + sub-brand. The general brand of an enterprise is generally a big brand with a long history, high visibility and intangible asset value, and the sub-brand needs to attract consumers with the general brand. Second, soft endorsement brand, that is, the endorsement brand is not directly in front of the sub-brand, the sub-brand is the protagonist of the circulation, the general brand of the enterprise is only to provide credit guarantee for the sub-brand. | According to the above definition, Liuyang River, Jingjiu, Jinliofu and other products packaging are not marked endorsement brand Wuliangye is a hard endorsement brand. | not-entailment |
14,516 | Pro-Tect Insurance Company has recently been paying out more on car-theft claims than it expected. Cars with special antitheft devices or alarm systems are much less likely to be stolen than are other cars. Consequently Pro-Tect, as part of an effort to reduce its annual payouts, will offer a discount to holders of car-theft policies if their cars have antitheft devices or alarm systems. | In one or two years, the discount that Pro-Tect is offering will amount to more than the cost of buying certain highly effective antitheft devices provides the strongest indication that the plan is likely to achieve its goal. | entailment |
7,067 | At present, the setting of urban management institutions in various cities is different, which are generally divided into four types: Urban Construction Supervision Brigade, Urban Management Bureau, urban management administrative law enforcement bureau and Urban Management Committee. Because the urban management work is actually carried out independently and there is no special national law to guide it, local governments have formulated some local regulations according to their legislative authority, but there are great differences and it is difficult to systematize, As a result, some urban management violence and law enforcement incidents have occurred throughout the country in recent years, affecting social stability | The statement 'It is necessary to formulate national urban management regulations' is intended to illustrate that. | entailment |
5,312 | In the market, there are two brands of batteries of the same model. The price of the battery of brand A is 10% lower than that of brand B, and the former sells better than the latter. But the testing shows that the service life of the battery of brand B is 15% longer than that of brand A, but brand A sells better. The reason is that consumers do not know the difference in service life between the two batteries. In this way, in a competitive market, inefficient products that should have been produced less are produced more. This shows that incomplete information can lead to market failure. | entailment |
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5,821 | Material evidence refers to material traces and objects that can prove the true circumstances of a case. Physical evidence is characterized by its appearance, quality, characteristics and location, reflecting some facts of the case, which can be used to prove the truth of the case. | A stolen vehicle recovered by the police in a certain area during an operation against motor vehicle theft belongs to material evidence according to the above definition. | entailment |
3,542 | Seven people in red, orange, yellow, green, blue, cyan, and purple stand in a row. The teacher asks the seven people to report the number one by one. The students with multiples should stand behind the two students behind them in turn from front to back; finally, the students with multiples of 4 should stand at the top of the team, and purple student should stand in the middle of the team to form a new team. | There are two people between red and orange can be inferred. | entailment |
5,033 | Unlike consumer goods, which are priced on a cost basis, luxury brands typically set retail prices in three different regions, Europe, the United States and Asia according to different market expectations. In Europe, where France and Italy are the main places of origin, luxury prices are often the lowest. When European brands enter the U.S. market, they typically raise prices only slightly, as the consumer psychology for luxury goods has matured there. Luxury brands are the most expensive in Asia. | Consumers in the Asian market have high expectations of luxury brands best explains the phenomenon of luxury brands pricing the most in the Asian market. | entailment |
12,920 | Scientist: Some pundits claim that the public is afraid of scientists. This isn' t true. I have been a scientist for several decades, and I have never met anyone who is afraid of scientists. | People may be apprehensive about technological developments that result from science even if they are not afraid of scientists themselves is an assumption required by the scientist's argument. | not-entailment |
14,026 | The commissioner has announced that Judge Khalid, who was on the seven-member panel appointed to resolve the Amlec labor dispute, will have sole responsibility for resolving the Simdon labor dispute. Since in its decision the Amlec panel showed itself both reasonable and fair, the two sides in the Simdon dispute are undoubtedly justified in the confidence they have expressed in the reasonableness and fairness of the arbitrator assigned to their case. | The reasoning that Ula Borg sold fewer houses last year than she had the year before because the number of houses sold by Arcande Realty is far lower than the previous year is flawed and parallel to the reasoning in the passage. | entailment |
14,223 | Pandas are rapidly disappearing from the wild. Ttherefore, in order to preserve the species, existing pandas should be captured and placed in zoos around the world. | The statement "Sufficient quantities of bamboo, the panda's only food, cannot be made available outside the panda's native habitat" casts most doubt on the conclusion drawn above. | entailment |
13,376 | The current theory about earthquakes holds that they are caused by adjoining plates of rock sliding past each other; the plates are pressed together until powerful forces overcome the resistance. As plausible as this may sound, at least one thing remains mysterious on this theory. The overcoming of such resistance should create enormous amounts of heat. But so far no increases in temperature unrelated to weather have been detected following earthquakes. | The main point of the argument is that the current theory does not fully explain earthquake data. | entailment |
14,530 | Economist: Tropicorp, which constantly seeks profitable investment opportunities, has been buying and clearing sections of tropical forest for cattle ranching, although pastures newly created there become useless for grazing after just a few years. The company has not gone into rubber tapping, even though greater profits can be made from rubber tapping, which leaves the forest intact. Thus, some environmentalists argue that <b> Tropicorp's actions do not serve even its own economic interest. </b> However, the initial investment required for a successful rubber-tapping operation is larger than that needed for a cattle ranch; there is a shortage of workers employable in rubber-tapping operations; and taxes are higher on profits from rubber tapping than on profits from cattle ranching. Consequently, <b> the environmentalists' conclusion is probably wrong. </b> | In the economist's argument, the first boldface portion states the conclusion of the economist's argument, and the second boldface portion supports that conclusion. | not-entailment |
11,490 | A research study revealed that, in most cases, once existing highways near urban areas are widened and extended in an attempt to reduce traffic congestion and resulting delays for motorists, these problems actually increase rather than decrease. | The statement 'Typically, road widening or extension projects are undertaken only after the population near the road in question has increased and then leveled off, leaving a higher average population level' most helps to explain the discrepancy between the intended results of the highway improvements and the results revealed in the study. | not-entailment |
10,636 | Kim: Some people claim that the battery-powered electric car represents a potential solution to the problem of air pollution. But they forget that it takes electricity to recharge batteries and that most of our electricity is generated by burning polluting fossil fuels. Increasing the number of electric cars on the road would require building more generating facilities since current facilities are operating at maximum capacity. So even if all of the gasoline-powered cars on the roads today were replaced by electric cars, it would at best be an exchange of one source of fossil-fuel pollution for another. | The main point made in Kim's argument is that replacing gasoline-powered cars with battery-powered electric cars will require building more generating facilities. | not-entailment |
2,882 | People have been arguing about which cat or dog is smarter. Recently, some scientists have not only studied the size of the animal's brain capacity, but also the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex, and found that cats usually seem to have an intelligence-dominant attitude, but the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex of cats is only ordinary golden hair. Half of the dog. From this, they all came to the conclusion: dogs are smarter than cats. | The number of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex of an animal is positively correlated with the intelligence of the animal is most likely to be the hypothesis that the aforementioned scientists concluded. | entailment |
15,004 | Most hospitals have treatment options for cancer patients. All hospitals are able to treat all kinds of burn victims as well as all kinds of Neurology disorders. Ttherefore, there must be some hospitals that treat both cancer and burn victims and some hospitals that treat both cancer and Neurology disorders. | The pattern of flawed reasoning in which the argument 'All insects have an exoskeleton as well as a body that's composed of three parts: a head, thorax, and abdomen. Most insects are helpful to humans. Therefore, there must be some insects that are both helpful to humans and have an exoskeleton and some insects that are helpful to humans and have a head, thorax, and abdomen' is most parallel to that in the argument above. | entailment |
15,038 | Naturalist: The recent claims that the Tasmanian tiger is not extinct are false. The Tasmanian tiger' s natural habitat was taken over by sheep farming decades ago, resulting in the animal' s systematic elimination from the area. Since then naturalists working in the region have discovered no hard evidence of its survival, such as carcasses or tracks. In spite of alleged sightings of the animal, the Tasmanian tiger no longer exists. | Every naturalist working in the Tasmanian tiger's natural habitat has looked systematically for evidence of the tiger's survival is an assumption on which the naturalist's argument depends. | not-entailment |
4,173 | Legal and moral paradoxes: many people think that ethical behavior is not illegal, but in reality, some acts that conform to general moral principles are prohibited by law. | A man paid 10,000 yuan to buy a boy from a human trafficker as his son. He treated him as his own child and showed great care. When the police came to rescue him two years later, the boy refused to leave his present parents does not belong to the phenomenon of Legal and moral paradoxes. | entailment |
4,553 | Due to gene mutation, cells proliferate and differentiate uncontrollably, and eventually develop into malignant tumors. There are many abnormal proteins encoded by mutant genes on the surface of cancer cells. It is reasonable to say that these abnormal proteins should be recognized by the body's immune system in time, and trigger an immune response to remove cancer cells at one stroke. However, due to the rapid development of tumor cells, they are very good at camouflage, Moreover, it is constantly mutated. In the face of fierce and resourceful tumor cells, the originally powerful immune cells seem to be unable and even turn a blind eye to some tumor cells. The immunosuppression formed in the tumor microenvironment makes the immune system paralyzed. | The study that involves sequencing the DNA of tumor cells and healthy cells of each patient to identify tumor specific mutations and identify related abnormal proteins may contribute to the development of effective antitumor drugs according to the above information. | not-entailment |
11,914 | Double-blind techniques should be used whenever possible in scientific experiments. They help prevent the misinterpretations that often arise due to expectations and opinions that scientists already hold, and clearly scientists should be extremely diligent in trying to avoid such misinterpretations. | The main conclusion of the argument is that it is advisable for scientists to use double-blind techniques in as high a proportion of their experiments as they can. | entailment |
12,639 | Reconstructing ships so that they have a double hull can protect them from serious damage in the roughly 20 percent of shipping accidents that unavoidably result from severe weather conditions. Avoidable human error, however, causes about 80 percent of shipping accidents. It would ttherefore be far more cost-effective to reduce damage to ships by retraining sailors than by reconstructing ships. | The statement 'Damage from accidents can be reduced more cost-effectively by reducing the likelihood of accidents than by mitigating their effects' most strengthens the argument. | entailment |
12,472 | The Testament of William Thorpe was published around 1530 as an appendix to Thorpe's longer Examination. Many scholars, however, doubt the attribution of the Testament to Thorpe because, whereas the Examination is dated 1406, the Testament is dated 1460. One scholar has recently argued that the 1460 date be amended to 1409, based on the observation that when these numbers are expressed as Roman numerals, MCCCCLX and MCCCCIX, it becomes easy to see how the dates might have become confused through scribal error. | Few writers in fifteenth-century England marked dates in their works using only Roman numerals would most support the scholar's hypothesis concerning the date of the Testament. | not-entailment |
2,914 | Kong Zhi, Meng Rui, Xun Hui, Zhuang Cong, Mo Ling, Han Min and other six people formed a representative team to participate in a chess competition, including two to participate in the game of Go, two to participate in the Chinese chess competition, and two to participate in the international chess competition. The following conditions should also be met regarding their participation in specific events :(1) each participant can only participate in one event; (2) Kong Zhi participates in weiqi competition, if and only if Zhuang Cong and Meng Rui both participate in Chinese chess competition; (3) If Han Min does not participate in the chess competition, Mo Ling will participate in the Chinese chess competition; (4) If Xun Hui participates in Chinese chess match, Zhuang Cong does not participate in Chinese chess match; (5) At least one of Xun Hui and Mo Ling will not participate in Chinese chess matches. | Han Min and Kong Zhi take part in the go competition can be true according to the above information. | not-entailment |
6,849 | With the increasing scale of modern enterprises, there is less and less direct connection between managers and managed. To a large extent, managers of today's large enterprises deal with their subordinates through reports to obtain information and manage. | The statement that 'It brings some better methods of enterprise management' supports the view that the growing size of a business is a reflection of this. | entailment |
11,183 | In seventeenth-century France, many remunerative government positions in the provinces were sold by the king and then passed from father to son. Historians have concluded that this system was more effective than a purely meritocratic system in ensuring not only that most of the officials were competent, but that they were more sympathetic to the local people than to the king. | To raise revenues, new offices were often created and sold by the king is an exception to the historians' conclusion. | entailment |
10,530 | In modern society, many people get fat, have beer bellies and are seriously overweight because they often drink beer. | The answer to the question 'If people only drink beer and eat very little other food every day, especially meat, will they still get fat?' is impossible to question the above argument. | not-entailment |
13,619 | Among small- to medium-sized marine mammals such as seals and dolphins, the longer an animal can stay submerged during a dive, the greater the depth the animal can reach. Dolphins can dive to greater depths than northern fur seals can, and elephant seals can stay submerged longer than Weddell seals can. | Northern fur seals can stay submerged longer than elephant seals can, but Weddell seals can dive to greater depths than dolphins can is not true if the information above is accurate. | entailment |
14,003 | Researchers have discovered that caffeine can be as physically addictive as other psychoactive substances. Some people find that they become unusually depressed, drowsy, or even irritable if they do not have their customary dose of caffeine. This is significant because as many people consume caffeine as consume any one of the other addictive psychoactive substances. | The statement 'If alcohol is a physically addictive psychoactive substance, there are not more people who consume alcohol than consume caffeine' can be logically concluded from the information above. | entailment |
4,022 | A unit needs to send personnel to participate in poverty alleviation work. It is known that if Xiao Li does not participate, then ponies participate. If the pony doesn't take part, so does Xiao Li. If the ponies take part then Xiao Li will also take part. | Xiao Ma participates in poverty alleviation is correct based on the above criteria. | entailment |
3,527 | Prairie Restaurant is a famous old restaurant on the prairie, but it has some unwritten rules , if prairie restaurant sells both braised mutton and haggis soup on a certain day, it must also sell roast whole lamb; The restaurant never sells roast whole lamb on Sundays; ... People are familiar with these rules and take them for granted. In addition, we also know that Boss Wang only goes to eat at the Grassland Restaurant when he sells braised mutton. | If this assertion is true, then it must also be true that the Prairie Restaurant doesn't sell haggis soup on Sundays. | not-entailment |
5,820 | An instigator is a criminal who deliberately instigates another person to commit a crime. Its outstanding feature is that he does not commit the crime personally, but deliberately instigates another person to commit a crime and decides to commit the crime. | According to the above definition, Wang ordering his son and Doudou to steal electric wires and other transmission equipment and resell them is an instigator. | entailment |
8,486 | A working group plans to conduct field research and initially determine that only one region in eastern, western or northern Guangdong will be selected. In this regard, three people in the working group A, B, C put forward the following opinions: A: eastern Guangdong is more representative in this survey and should go to eastern Guangdong. B: I have already been to northern Guangdong in the last round of research, so we should choose other regions this time. C: I think it is more appropriate to choose western or northern Guangdong to conduct field research. | The working group adopted opinion of B must be correct. | not-entailment |
6,380 | Thangka is a kind of painting form with rich Tibetan cultural characteristics. It has a history of more than 1300 years since the rise of the Tubo Dynasty. It is a cultural treasure of the snowy plateau. In addition to religion, it also has historical and folk contents, so it is also called an encyclopedia for understanding Tibet. Therefore, if you want to understand the history of Tibet, in addition to reading rigorous but slightly rigid history books, you can also choose a pleasant and pleasant way-- appreciate thangka, talk to many ancients, and imagine historical events. appreciate the rich spiritual world of Tibetans and understand the unique Tibetan folk customs, which is a process that makes history three-dimensional and sensible. | Thangka can provide you with a comfortable and easy way to learn about Tibet can be inferred from this text. | entailment |
6,537 | The goal of the construction of the social security system is that everyone will enjoy social security to varying degrees by 2020. The bottom line of the social security system is to prevent anyone from falling into despair because of life difficulties and to eliminate their survival crisis and fear. As long as one person is desperate because of the difficulties of life, then there are loopholes in the guaranteed network. | The main content of this paragraph on the construction of the social security system is the principle. | entailment |
4,604 | Emotion is an important feature of mankind's artistic mastery of the world. Art aesthetics is precisely to regulate art objects with emotions, infect and inspire art appreciators. | Man's artistic mastery of the world is his emotional mastery is correct. | entailment |
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