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8,078 | Synomone is a biologically released information chemical that can cause other receiving organisms to produce a response that is beneficial to both the releaser and the recipient. | After being attack by Macrosiphum avenae, wheat releases methyl salicylate, which can attract heterochromatic lady beetle, the natural enemy of Macrosiphum avenae is related to synomone according to the above definition. | entailment |
14,358 | Essayist: Some linguists claim that competent speakers of a language have explicit knowledge of the rules of grammar for that language. However, linguistic ability is not the possession and utilization of a body of knowledge, or rules of grammar, but is more similar to a skill like riding a bicycle. Just as the typical cyclist does not need to know physics, neither does the language user need to know grammar rules. | There is a difference between knowing a set of rules and behaving in accordance with a set of rules most accurately expresses a principle underlying the essayist's argument. | entailment |
10,477 | Consider three numbers: 0.9, 1, 1.1, and the difference between the latter number and its previous number is only 0.1. If you multiply each number with itself 10 times, 0.9 becomes 0.31, 1 is still 1, 1.1 becomes 2.85, it is nearly 10 times that of 0.31, and nearly 3 times that of 1. This is how the gap arises! | Details determine success or failure, character determines fate cannot be reasonably inferred from the above statement. | entailment |
3,414 | Although computers have strong functions in many aspects, experiments have shown that in computing addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, operating a computer is not faster and more accurate than using an abacus. | The statement 'Computers do not care about the size of numbers, whereas abacus does not. In the experiment, it was just a small number' can greatly weaken the persuasiveness of the above experiment. | entailment |
6,378 | In order to solve a series of global problems such as food security and energy shortage, the scientific community is stepping up its research on projects such as genetically modified food and clean new energy, with a view to leading people out of the food and energy crisis. From this we can see that the development of science no longer strictly follows this conventional route: scientific problems no longer originate from simple, pictorial scientific curiosity. Science in the routine era is coming. | The term 'Science in the routine era' in this passage means scientific research that points to urgent, urgent, and high-risk issues. | entailment |
14,840 | Scientist: Given the human tendency to explore and colonize new areas, some people believe that the galaxy will eventually be colonized by trillions of humans. If so, the vast majority of humans ever to live would be alive during this period of colonization. Since all of us are humans and we have no reason to think we are unrepresentative, the odds are overwhelming that we would be alive during this period, too. But, because we are not alive during this period, the odds are slim that such colonization will ever happen. | The scientist's argument proceeds by inferring that since an event that is taken to be likely on a given hypothesis has not occurred, the hypothesis is probably false. | entailment |
10,975 | Some critics of space exploration programs claim that they are too costly to be justified. Moreover, there is the very real risk of a debilitating explosion -- most experts say something like a 1-in-70 chance per flight. Budgetary pressures to make the programs cheaper only serve to undermine safety: one program' s managers uncovered a series of manufacturing flaws that critics contend are a direct consequence of the pressure to produce results as quickly and cheaply as possible. | Attempts to solve one problem can lead to the exacerbation of another problem is the proposition that the passage most closely conforms to. | entailment |
8,140 | There is a very complex relationship between genes, traits and diseases. the most primitive way to decipher this relationship is the gene linkage analysis established in the middle of the last century: by comparing the similarities and differences of chromosome bands or genetic markers of different members of families affected by genetic diseases, locate disease-causing genes on chromosomes. This method has made a lot of achievements in the study of single-gene genetic diseases, but its disadvantage is that the resolution is limited, so it is difficult to accurately locate a single gene. | The main content of this text is that there are obvious defects in the method of gene linkage analysis. | entailment |
14,945 | Purebred dogs are prone to genetically determined abnormalities. Although such abnormalities often can be corrected by surgery, the cost can reach several thousand dollars. Since nonpurebred dogs rarely suffer from genetically determined abnormalities, potential dog owners who want to reduce the risk of incurring costly medical bills for their pets would be well advised to choose nonpurebred dogs. | A dog that does not have genetically determined abnormalities may nevertheless have offspring with such abnormalities if true, most seriously weakens the argument. | not-entailment |
4,162 | Peak experience: in the process of pursuing self-realization, after the pursuit of basic needs and satisfaction, a kind of psychological satisfaction and sense of accomplishment which is at the top and transcends space-time and self-realization. | The joy after decades of hard work and finally success is not a peak experience. | not-entailment |
2,629 | Statistics show that the safety of civil aviation flight has been greatly improved in recent years. For example, a country had 0.2 fatal accidents per 1 million flights in 2008, compared with 1.4 in 1989. According to the statistics of these years, the incidence of malignant accidents in civil aviation shows a downward trend as a whole. From this, it can be seen that it is becoming safer and safer to travel by air. | In recent years, the probability of narrow escape in aircraft accidents is higher than before cannot reinforce the above conclusion. | not-entailment |
7,655 | After comparing bone changes in people living in Europe over the past 33,000 years, the researchers found that the strength of both leg bones continued to decline from the Middle Stone Age 10,000 years ago to the Roman Empire 2,000 years ago, but the strength of the upper arm bone, which was not related to running, remained stable. It was during this period that agriculture began to rise and human beings gradually changed to a settled way of life. The rise of agriculture has led to lighter bones in modern humans, but the strength of the two later leg bones has barely changed. The researchers concluded that the effects of mechanization and urbanization on bone strength were not significant. | The most likely hypothesis for the researchers' conclusion is that Mechanization and urbanization came after the rise of agriculture. | entailment |
6,985 | Butterfly with its gorgeous colors and beautiful dance, won the Flying Flower, Dance Girl of Nature and other reputations. The rich colors and different patterns of butterfly wings create this beautiful spirit. Some butterflies sparkle with metallic light when they dance in the sun, some butterflies can have a single color, and some butterflies can be dazzling in color. Some people even collected patterns in the shape of Arabic numerals 1-9 and 26 English letters on butterfly wings. | The main content described in this text is that the wings of butterflies are rich and colorful, and there are all kinds of wonders. | not-entailment |
7,510 | False safety means that the brain is extremely excited under high tension, but it is not easy to cause problems; while in a state of close to success, the spirit becomes more and more relaxed, and there is a sense of security immediately, but it is precisely this moment of relaxation that leads to great disaster. | In a special industry such as thermal power plants, during the peak period of electricity consumption and under bad weather, there is generally no accidents of human misoperation; but in normal times, accidents are not uncommon is false safety. | entailment |
10,660 | Editorial: Contrary to popular belief, teaching preschoolers is not especially difficult, for they develop strict systems (e. g. , for sorting toys by shape), which help them to learn, and they are always intensely curious about something new in their world. | The statement 'Children intensely curious about new things have very short attention spans' most seriously weakens the editorial's argument. | entailment |
3,491 | Statistics in a country for four consecutive years show that the time of daylight saving time changes is 4% higher than other times car accident. These statistics show that the change of time has seriously affected the attention of drivers in a country. | The prerequisite for this conclusion is that there are no other factors such as school holidays and holidays that lead to an increase in car accidents. | entailment |
1,516 | In rural planning and construction, we should highlight rural, regional and national characteristics, respect local traditional customs and customs, and not lose typical regional characteristics, distinctive national characteristics and excellent cultural traditions. | The most appropriate summary of this sentence is that rural planning and construction should highlight characteristics. | entailment |
12,909 | If a President is elected, then he or she won the nomination of a major party and received at least 270 Electoral College votes, even if he or she did not win the popular vote. | Some Presidents have received less than 270 Electoral College votes must be true. | not-entailment |
12,791 | Environmentalist: Pollution from gasoline burned by cars contributes to serious environmental problems. But the cost of these problems is not reflected in gasoline prices, and hence usually does not affect consumers' decisions about how much to drive. Heavier taxes on gasoline, however, would reflect this cost, and as a result consumers would pollute less. | The statement 'Consumers would purchase less gasoline, on average, if the cost of the environmental problems to which pollution from driving contributes were fully reflected in the price of gasoline' most strongly supports which one of the following. | entailment |
8,093 | Geologists in central Australia underground found two 3 km away from the surface of the diameter of more than 200 kilometers of mysterious natural landscape, the landscape of quartz sand with clusters of fine lines, in most of these fine lines are parallel to each other straight line, geologists believe that the landscape is likely to be formed a giant impact crater, And the structure of the quartz sand is evidence of the fracture. | Only after a high-speed meteorite impact does the quartz sand in the strata show a fracture structure containing parallel lines is a necessary premise for the above argument. | entailment |
11,477 | Editor: Many candidates say that if elected they will reduce governmental intrusion into voters' lives. But voters actually elect politicians who instead promise that the government will provide assistance to solve their most pressing problems. Governmental assistance, however, costs money, and money can come only from taxes, which can be considered a form of governmental intrusion. Thus, governmental intrusion into the lives of voters will rarely be substantially reduced over time in a democracy. | Politicians who win their elections usually keep their campaign promises would most strengthen the editor's argument. | entailment |
1,491 | Wechat provides a vibrant public life, which makes it difficult to reach a consensus on public discussion rules. The renovation speed of social tools is far faster than the formation speed of public discussion rules. In other words, this rapidly gushing discussion enthusiasm and the pleasure of just getting rid of realistic rules make people unwilling to be subject to any framework, so that in recent years, what rules to follow to debate, It has also become a common topic of public debate. As an expert said, shared media can promote the development of social forces independent of the state, but it obviously needs a long multi-dimensional collision and repeated struggle to take shape. Wechat not only promotes the freedom of individual discourse and the equality of discourse power, but also makes this standing in line and tearing more frequent and lower cost. | The evolution of social tools has brought great impact and challenges to the rules of public discussion is the main content of this passage. | entailment |
11,840 | Journalist: Well-known businessman Arnold Bergeron has long been popular in the state, and he has often talked about running for governor, but he has never run. However, we have just learned that Bergeron has fulfilled the financial disclosure requirement for candidacy by submitting a detailed list of his current financial holdings to the election commission. So, it is very likely that Bergeron will be a candidate for governor this year. | The answer to the question 'Had Bergeron also fulfilled the financial disclosure requirements for candidacy before any previous gubernatorial elections?' would be most useful in evaluating the journalist's argument. | entailment |
8,111 | Navigation satellites are located at an altitude of 20,000 kilometers and can be navigated by receiving signals throughout their coverage area. Beyond 20,000 kilometers, a whole new navigation system is needed. Astronomers have proposed several possible navigation systems, the most talked about being pulsar navigation. Pulsars are neutron stars that emit radio or X-ray radiation in the direction of their magnetic poles. They pulse when the axis of rotation does not coincide with the magnetic poles and sweeps across the Earth. Some of these pulsars are so stable that they are comparable to the best atomic clocks on Earth that they are also known as the atomic clocks of the universe. If you can pick up their signals and know where they are, you can use them for interstellar voyages. | Some of the current difficulties of interstellar navigation is most likely to be introduced next. | not-entailment |
2,140 | Rational expectation means that when people anticipate an economic phenomenon, if they are rational, they will make full use of the information they get to act without making systematic mistakes. | According to the above definition, Lao Liu immediately buying a house nearby after hearing rumors of a key middle school being built in the south of the city belongs to rational expectation. | not-entailment |
145 | To strengthen the construction of socialist material civilization, we must vigorously develop socialist productivity. Only by further reforming the production relations that restrict the development of productivity can we vigorously develop socialist productivity. Without establishing a firm consciousness of taking the road of reform, it is impossible to reform the production relations that restrict the development of productivity. | Once the firm consciousness of taking the road of reform is established, the construction of socialist material civilization can be strengthened can be deduced from the above. | not-entailment |
3,068 | When many people browse the Internet, once they encounter the content that goes directly to the heart, the first thing is to find the QR code for forwarding, scan the phone quickly, store it, and share it at any time, which has become an unimaginative rule. On social media, negative emotions are often triggered by retweeted content, such as jealousy, slowness, or even anger, and the more controversial opinions and claims are, the more likely they are to be forwarded. Wharton School professors found that anger tops the list of easily shared emotions on social media, a study of China's Weibo service found. Rage spreads faster than happiness, sadness and disgust. Reflex retweets make people become indiscriminate responders, thinking less and less independently. | The title of this paragraph is 'The inexplicable retweet of social media'. | not-entailment |
7,538 | Smog has regularly blanketed large areas of China in recent years. In the haze days, the weather forecast repeatedly reminds people to strengthen prevention, try to avoid outdoor activities, even if outdoor activities also need to take necessary protective measures. However, there are always a lot of brave people who don't take such warnings seriously and do all kinds of outdoor activities on smoggy days without wearing masks at all. | The reason why these brave people do not wear masks in smoggy days could not be 'Haze will not cause sudden death, but the harm to people is long-term and serious.' | entailment |
10,555 | Homesteads in rural my country are collectively owned and can only be used by farmers and cannot be bought, sold, leased or inherited. The homestead system guarantees the survival rights of farmers. The houses built by the farmers on the homestead are the assets of the farmers. If farmers are allowed to sell their houses, they are actually allowed to sell the right to use the homestead. If the right to use the homestead is bought by someone else, it will damage the survival rights of farmers. But if farmers are not allowed to sell their houses, it will infringe on farmers' asset rights. | For the vast majority of migrants workers, the homestead and responsible land in their rural hometown is their last guarantee of survival if the above statements are true. | not-entailment |
2,035 | The so-called viewpoint of information processing is to compare the human brain with the computer and regard the human brain as an information processing system similar to the computer. But this analogy is only functional, that is, it can only be an analogy at the behavioral level, regardless of the difference between biological cells and electronic components. In other words, this analogy involves only software, not hardware. | The hardware in this paragraph is biological cells and electronic components. | entailment |
608 | After a follow-up study of 9 people wearing contact lenses and 11 people who did not wear contact lenses, the researchers found that compared with those without contact lenses, the average number of bacteria on the eyeball of people wearing contact lenses increased by an average of two times. There were also differences in the composition of eyeball surface flora between the two groups. Pseudomonas, a bacterium that causes corneal ulcer, is more common in the eyes of people with contact lenses. It can be seen that changing the flora in the eyes with contact lenses is more likely to lead to eye infection | Since the emergence of soft contact lenses, the prevalence of corneal ulcer has increased significantly, if true, best supports the above argument. | entailment |
946 | The latest report by an international paleontology research team showed that the eunotosaurus living in South Africa 280 million years ago is the ancestor of modern tortoises. They survived the mass extinction from Permian to Triassic. At that time, in order to avoid the harsh natural environment, they worked hard to dig into the ground. At the same time, to ensure that their digging movement of forelimbs was strong enough, their body needed a stable support, which resulted in the continuous widening of their ribs. It can be concluded that the tortoise has a shell to adapt to the environment. And the shell is not for protection, but for digging holes underground. | The forelimbs of the eunotosaurus are strong enough, so they do not need the protection of the tortoise shell should be added as a prerequisite for the rationality of the above conclusion. | not-entailment |
6,571 | Appreciation activity is not only a re-creation of the artistic image created by the artist, but also a re-evaluation of the life that the artist has evaluated in his works. Only after re-evaluation can appreciators draw their own conclusions about the social significance of the works of art and receive education from them. | The process of transforming an image in a work into an image in one's own mind is the explanation of recreation according to the above conclusion. | entailment |
7,097 | Seasonal variation refers to the regular and obvious fluctuation of some objective phenomena in a year with the change of seasons. | From June to August 2006, the sales volume of watermelon in Changsha City was the highest in the whole year is an example of seasonal variation. | entailment |
1,520 | Taking citizen satisfaction and happiness as the ultimate standard to test government work means that people-oriented is really becoming the core ruling concept of the government. | The meaning of the sentence is that people oriented should be the core concept of government governance. | entailment |
3,796 | Thinking: refers to the human brain's reflection of objective and indirect generalizations. Thinking can be divided into (1) action thinking, which refers to the thinking supported by actual actions in the thinking process according to the object or the state of thinking in the thinking process. Its characteristic is that the task is intuitive, given in a concrete form, and the solution is actual action; (2) Thinking in images refers to the process of analyzing, synthesizing, abstracting, and summarizing appearances. It is characterized by vivid , vivid and objective Image; (3) Abstract thinking refers to the process of using concepts, judgments, reasoning and other forms to reflect the law of movement of objective things, and to recognize the essential characteristics and internal connections of things. | The option 'Holmes, by finding no other exit in the house, concluded that the murderer must have exited the chimney on the roof, even though the chimney was small' meets the definition of action thinking. | not-entailment |
3,164 | Although computers can help people communicate, computer games hinder the development of teenagers' communication skills. They spend their spare time playing computer games instead of communicating with others. Therefore, young people who spend their spare time playing computer games have worse communication skills than other children. | The assumption that most children have other things to do besides playing computer games is most likely the basis for the above conclusions. | not-entailment |
9,096 | Critical thinking in Business, a core subject at the University of Sydney's business school, was taken by 1200 students in the final exam, but more than 400 failed, 80 percent of whom were Chinese students. The University of Sydney explained: Chinese students lack critical thinking and are not good at English.The student's representative L complained: The level of English for the students admitted by the school is recognized by the school, and the entrance examination required IELTS to be 7, and we have all reached this level. | The assumption that student representative L's complaint depends on is that the school's requirements for the English proficiency of students for admission are the same as those for the completion of each subject after admission. | entailment |
11,774 | For the United States meat industry, there is good news and bad news. The bad news is that over the last three years people in the United States have been eating less meat. The good news, is that during this same time period meat producers' profits have risen steadily. | Meat producers have invested large amounts of money in advertising in order to win back consumers who have decreased their meat consumption contributes most to a resolution of the apparent discrepancy above. | not-entailment |
7,189 | Human beings can only know knowledge, that is, known and unknown, but can not know non knowledge, let alone how many non knowledge exist. An accomplished scientist not only knows known and unknown in his mind far more than ordinary people, but also keeps a high degree of vigilance to non knowledge at any time. Once the opportunity appears, he can break through the shackles of known in his mind and try his best to transform non knowledge into knowledge. | The transformation of non-knowledge into known needs to go through unknown can be inferred from above. | not-entailment |
7,453 | The slogan at the entrance of a forest farm clearly reads, No destruction of forests! Violators will be fined! One day, a nearby villager Yang went to the forest farm to cut down a tree and was waiting to be transported down the mountain by the forest ranger. Zhang found that Zhang not only criticized Yang, but also asked for a fine on Yang. Yang was dissatisfied with the fierce debate between the two sides. Yang said, I cut down a tree, not a forest, you should not fine me. | Cutting down a tree is destroying the forest. Whoever destroys the forest will be fined is Zhang's logical rebuttal. | entailment |
13,553 | Claude: When I' m having lunch with job candidates, I watch to see if they salt their food without first tasting it. If they do, I count that against them, because they' re making decisions based on inadequate information. Larissa: That' s silly. It' s perfectly reasonable for me to wear a sweater whenever I go into a supermarket, because I already know supermarkets are always too cool inside to suit me. And I never open a credit card offer that comes in the mail, because I already know that no matter how low its interest rate may be, it will never be worthwhile for me. | The principle that in matters involving personal preference, performing an action without first ascertaining whether it is appropriate in the specific circumstances should not be taken as good evidence of faulty decision making, because the action may be based on a reasoned policy relating to knowledge of a general fact about the circumstances can most reasonably be interpreted as invoked by Larissa's two analogies to criticize Claude's policy. | entailment |
6,445 | In recent years, many companies have competed to develop brain-training game software. there are dozens of puzzle games on the market. Although this kind of software manual is written in a variety of ways, it only emphasizes two points when it comes to its functions: enhancing brain functions such as attention, memory and information processing speed and slowing down the inevitable decline of brain function with age. Almost all of these companies claim that their game software programs are based on the latest scientific research. | The content that this text is meant to emphasize is that the scientific nature of the development of puzzle game software is worth discussing. | entailment |
1,884 | It is choking when the water is sucked into the trachea and into the lungs. If you only put some water in a person's nose without letting him inhale it, he will not choke. Elephants are a case in point. If you look carefully, you will find that when drinking water, the elephant sucks some water through its nose (not into its lungs), then raises its head and puts the water from its nose into its mouth to drink. In the process, it only uses the nose as a tool to absorb water, not as an organ to drink water. | The point to be demonstrated in this paragraph is that elephants like to suck a little water from their noses and put them in their mouths to drink. | not-entailment |
12,456 | When the famous art collector Vidmar died, a public auction of her collection, the largest privately owned, was held. I can' t possibly afford any of those works because hers is among the most valuable collections ever assembled by a single person, declared art lover MacNeil. | The flawed pattern of reasoning in which each word in the book is in French and the whole book is in French is most closely parallel to that in MacNeil's argument. | not-entailment |
9,411 | The gold standard rule means that in terms of brand positioning and advertising performance, set up a statement for the brand that can make it better than similar brands, thus reflecting that the brand is superior and superior. The contents of the gold standard rule can be as follows: emphasize leadership and professionalism; highlight the superior quality of products; establish scientific rules of use; highlight the advanced nature of the brand in technology, technology, etc.; spread the egotistical brand value and image and so on. | The slogan of a health product is Cranes dance in Changshan, my heart flies! does not apply the gold standard rule according to the above definition. | entailment |
10,669 | Morton: In order to succeed in today' s society, one must have a college degree. Skeptics have objected that there are many people who never completed any education beyond high school but who are nevertheless quite successful. This success is only apparent, however, because without a college degree a person does not have enough education to be truly successful. | Morton's argument is flawed because it assumes what it sets out to conclude. | entailment |
7,137 | Xiao Li said, I passed all the exams this time and got my motor vehicle driver's license. | If Xiao Li's statement is not true, then Xiao Li failed in at least one subject. | entailment |
10,681 | Tabloid magazines that report alien landings and celebrity sightings may be considered plebeian, but the public evidently prefers them to weekly newsmagazines that report more conventional news. A comparison of newsstand revenues shows far higher sales volumes for tabloids than for weekly newsmagazines. | The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to consider whether the news is any less conventional in tabloid magazines than in weekly newsmagazines. | not-entailment |
13,965 | Dana: It is wrong to think that the same educational methods should be used with all children. Many children have been raised in more communal environments than others and would ttherefore learn better through group, rather than individual, activities. A child' s accustomed style of learning should always dictate what method is used. Pat: No, not always. The flexibility of being able to work either on one' s own or in a group is invaluable in a world where both skills are in demand. | The conversation lends the most support to the claim that Dana and Pat disagree on the idea that all children can learn valuable skills from individual activities. | not-entailment |
1,032 | The obesity rate of children from poor families is nearly twice as high as that of children from rich families, according to statistics from a Chinese health department. According to government data released in December 2012, more than 24.3 percent of 11-year-olds from poor families were overweight, compared with 13.7 percent of children from affluent families. As a result, experts believe that the poorer the family, the more likely children are to be overweight. | The statement 'Children from poor families often attend different schools from those from rich families' best supports the conclusion. | not-entailment |
8,363 | Anthropologists measured human skulls at various periods in history and found that the average brain capacity of contemporary adults is 1349 milliliters, compared with the brain capacity of Mesolithic humans, the brain capacity of men is reduced by 10%. The brain capacity of women is reduced by 17%. The researchers believe that in an era of increasingly clear division of labor, people with a cooperative spirit have more opportunities to survive and reproduce than others, and survival of the friendliest is an important reason for the shrinking human brain. | Cooperation will reduce human aggressiveness, and the reduction of aggressiveness will lead to lighter body and less brain capacity best supports the above conclusion. | entailment |
10,821 | Smith' s new grazing land consists entirely of fescue grass. Half of the grass contains a species of fungus that makes cows ill when they eat it. Smith' s cows will most likely learn to graze exclusively on the grass that does not contain the fungus, since, like many other animals, cows will avoid eating a patch of grass if they sense a substance in it that has made them ill. | At least one other species of fungus is contained in the fescue grass that does not contain the fungus that makes cows ill is an assumption required by the argument. | not-entailment |
10,114 | Six scholars, F, G, J, L, M and N, will speak at a logical conference, which will be arranged according to the following conditions: (1) each speaker will speak only once, and there will be only one speaker at a time. (2) three speakers spoke before lunch and the other three spoke after lunch. (3) G must speak before lunch. (IV) only one speaker is between M and N. (5) F speaks in the first or third place. | G is the next speaker after M if L speaks before lunch and M is not the sixth speaker. | entailment |
6,944 | Goethe said, if people want to pursue something, they have to make mistakes. Of course, this does not mean that you should not try to prevent and reduce mistakes, or that you can take a nonchalant attitude towards mistakes, but that you should not be timid and timid because you are afraid of mistakes. We are also afraid of this and that, and we will not be able to achieve a career. | The main argument supported in this paragraph is that if one wants to invent and make a career, one should not be afraid of mistakes. | entailment |
819 | Commodity is the product of labor produced for exchange. | Pigs fed by professional pig farmers is not a commodity. | not-entailment |
10,816 | For similar cars and drivers, automobile insurance for collision damage has always cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont. Police studies, however, show that cars owned by Greatport residents are, on average, slightly less likely to be involved in a collision than cars in Fairmont. Clearly, ttherefore, insurance companies are making a greater profit on collision-damage insurance in Greatport than in Fairmont. | Repairing typical collision damage does not cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont is an assumption on which the argument depends. | entailment |
6,553 | With regard to the current increase in trading volume in the real estate market, some analysts believe that China's real estate engine may restart. If so, this will lead China's economy out of the doldrums against a backdrop of foreign demand difficulties. Compared with the situation in Japan in 1986, if the government guides properly, China's economy may take the lead in getting out of the predicament because of the restart of the real estate industry. Of course, based on the experience of the United States at that time, economic restart may be a relatively long process. | With the restart and revitalization of the real estate industry, China's economy will be the first to get out of the trough is correct based on the above conclusion. | not-entailment |
2,253 | Code-switching: the use of more than one language or dialect to communicate in the same conversation. | Mr. Ma receives visiting customers and explains his company to them in Mandarin. Knowing that there are two shaanxi customers, immediately hold up the Shaanxi dialect and they talked about a few words does not belong to code-switching. | not-entailment |
7,639 | One study involved 80 young people aged 13 to 25 with early symptoms of schizophrenia. Half were randomly assigned to take fish oil tablets for 3 months and the other half were given a placebo for 3 months. The researchers followed the subjects for seven years and found that only 10 percent of those taking fish oil tablets developed schizophrenia, compared with 40 percent of those taking a placebo. Therefore, the researchers concluded that taking fish oil tablets may help prevent schizophrenia in adolescents. | Fish oil tablets have been tried in adults with schizophrenia, but experiments have found no effect is the least likely to challenge the researchers' conclusions. | entailment |
2,129 | Early childhood education in the United States focuses on cultivating children's critical thinking. An important point is to distinguish between fact statements and opinion statements. Fact statements can be verified. There are true and false but not good or bad; opinions are mostly subjective. Experience, influenced by values, etc. | The slogan for the Liang brand 65-inch frameless all-glass ultra-thin TV is "giving you a general view of the sea," which takes into account both facts and opinions. | entailment |
10,606 | Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 50 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3. 4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2. 1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments. | The statement "The 50 complete sterilizations of the nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments" could not be true if the statements above are true. | not-entailment |
7,891 | Differential competition means that many enterprises in the same industry adopt flexible and personalized means to establish a good corporate image and win the market in the short-term fierce competition. | In the general depressed environment of physical bookstores, a bookstore located in a busy neighborhood has always maintained its market positioning and committed to selling high-grade professional books. It has become a local cultural landmark belongs to differential competition. | not-entailment |
10,148 | If a crisis occurs, the company can take very effective measures to eliminate the crisis, which can actually increase the company's reputation. A very good reputation may be destroyed in an instant because of an incident; while a bad reputation often takes a long time to eliminate it. | The statement "It is easier to destroy a good reputation than to eliminate a bad one" is most supported if the above statement is true. | entailment |
11,647 | A successful chess-playing computer would prove either that a machine can think or that chess does not involve thinking. In either case the conception of human intelligence would certainly change. | The statement 'a successful chess-playing computer would not model a human approach to chess playing' is the reasoning above that is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it does not consider the possibility. | entailment |
724 | Economies of Scope is an economy brought about by the business scope rather than scale of manufacturers. It is an economic phenomenon that the cost of producing two products at the same time is lower than that of producing the second product respectively | According to the above definition, the expansion of the production line of a brewery that acquired a small brewery with operating losses, resulting in reduced raw material procurement cost and improved beer production efficiency for both plants, belongs to Economies of Scope. | entailment |
2,182 | The lack of legal aid makes it difficult for the legislative and judicial progress in the protection of criminal human rights to benefit all or even most of the criminal suspects and defendants, resulting in a binary imbalance. Because lawyers can make use of the advantages of resources such as legal knowledge and litigation experience to guide the handling of cases in a direction that is beneficial to their clients, the acceptance rate of their defense opinions such as voluntary surrender and meritorious service is relatively high, so criminal suspects with defense lawyers, defendants are more qualified and likely to enjoy the institutional dividend brought about by the progress of the rule of law than those without defense lawyers. Get more opportunities for leniency and even acquittal. | The lack of legal aid may affect the realization of the rights and interests of criminal suspects and defendants is what the author intends to explain through this passage. | entailment |
571 | In a report analyzing the results of the 2008 Olympic wrestling program, it is suggested that in the competition. Athletes in red suits won about 55 % of the rounds. Defeated the competitor in blue suits. Therefore, wearing a red suit in a wrestling event is beneficial to an athlete winnng. | If true, the statement that athletes in red suits also won more races in a boxing competition can weaken the conclusion of the argument. | not-entailment |
13,258 | With the passage of the new tax reform laws, the annual tax burden on low-income taxpayers will be reduced, on average, by anywhere from $100 to $300. Clearly, tax reform is in the interest of low-income taxpayers. | Under the new tax reform laws, many low-income taxpayers who now pay taxes will no longer be required to do so most undermines the conclusion above. | not-entailment |
10,890 | One of the things lenders do in evaluating the risk of a potential borrower defaulting on a loan is to consider the potential borrower' s credit score. In general, the higher the credit score, the less the risk of default. Yet for mortgage loans, the proportion of defaults is much higher for borrowers with the highest credit scores than for other borrowers. | The statement 'Mortgage lenders are much less likely to consider risk factors other than credit score when evaluating borrowers with the highest credit scores' most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the statements above. | entailment |
6,101 | Most ancient Chinese scientific works are empirical summaries rather than theoretical discussions. All the inventions recorded are to solve practical problems in national and social life, rather than trying to make a major breakthrough in a certain research field. In terms of research methods, Chinese science and technology attaches importance to comprehensive overall research and grasp things as a whole, Instead of separating the research objects from the complex connections, studying their entities and attributes independently and exploring their mysteries in detail, this made the science and technology in ancient China not develop to a higher level. | The emphasis of this paragraph is that solving practical problems is the driving force to promote the development of science and technology in ancient China. | not-entailment |
12,333 | On the first day of trout season a team of biologists went with local trout anglers to the Macawber River. Each angler who caught at least 2 trout chose exactly 2 of these trout for the biologists to weigh. A total of 90 fish were weighed. The measurements show that at the beginning of this season the average trout in the Macawber River weighed approximately 1. 6 kilograms. | The reasoning above is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it makes a generalization from a sample that is unlikely to be representative. | entailment |
13,574 | Commissioner: Budget forecasters project a revenue shortfall of a billion dollars in the coming fiscal year. Since there is no feasible way to increase the available funds, our only choice is to decrease expenditures. The plan before you outlines feasible cuts that would yield savings of a billion dollars over the coming fiscal year. We will be able to solve the problem we face, ttherefore, only if we adopt this plan. | The reasoning in the commissioner's argument is flawed because this argument confuses being an adequate solution with being a required solution. | entailment |
3,691 | A company is looking for a business manager, Xiao Zhang and Xiao Li to apply for the job. Xiao Zhang said, if I become a business manager, I will forge ahead and develop new business. Xiao Li said, if I become a manager, I will optimize management and reduce personnel. In the end, one of them became a business manager and successfully realized his work proposition. | The company has not only opened up new business, but also reduced its personnel must be true. | not-entailment |
6,115 | The area of floating ice in the Arctic sea area is gradually decreasing, with a total reduction of about 20%, making it difficult for polar bears to have a long-term foothold on the floating ice. In addition, some countries hunt and kill a large number of seals, making it less and less for polar bears to prey on seals on the floating ice. When we came to a bay near 80 degrees north latitude on the northwest coast of Spitsbergen Island, the Arctic, We were surprised to shoot the whole process of polar bear fishing. We saw that polar bears changed their habit of feeding on seals and not going into the water and began to jump out of the cold water to catch fish. | The passage fully shows that environmental changes have changed the living habits of polar bears. | entailment |
3,657 | A report that watermelons contain swelling agents may affect their health, which has little impact on consumers, and few consumers intend to change their buying habits of watermelons. Still, in July, a month after the report, watermelon sales in a large supermarket chain fell sharply. | The statement "There are many kinds of fruits on the market in July, and consumers buy other fruits to replace watermelons" can best explain the above phenomenon. | not-entailment |
7,155 | Compared with the previous marketing system, the overseas marketing system of multinational enterprises is very different. Some more effective marketing strategies in the domestic market may not be suitable for the overseas market. If you copy the domestic marketing strategy, you may be frustrated in developing the overseas market, and adopting the appropriate strategy of regional differentiation will improve the effect of overseas marketing, it plays an important role in promoting the development of overseas markets. In fact, the vast majority of multinational enterprises that adopt differentiated marketing strategy are successful enterprises. Of course, some multinational enterprises that do not adopt differentiated marketing strategy also succeed. However, all successful multinational enterprises have a common feature, that is, they all focus on the long-term development of enterprises, It has a relatively perfect strategic management system. | Some multinational enterprises that focus on the long-term development of enterprises and have a relatively complete strategic management system are multinational enterprises that do not adopt differentiated marketing strategy must be correct if the above statements are correct. | entailment |
12,033 | Several years ago, the number of wood bison became so low that conservationists began breeding the wood bison in an enclosed refuge. In this time, the number of wood bison has tripled and, according to conservationists, this number is enough for a species to remain viable in the wild. Yet since the wood bison's habitat is still imperiled, conservationists plan to move the wood bison 2, 000 miles away, where the American buffalo, a distinct species, flourishes. The conservationists predict that such a plan will allow for the long-term viability of the wood bison as a species. | If true, the statement 'American buffalo once shared territory with the wood bison, but the American buffalo's territory slowly moved south so that now the American buffalo no longer inhabits the same area as the wood bison' calls into question the conservationist's prediction. | not-entailment |
6,848 | Lu Xun can be said to be the most complex literary individual since ancient times. His complexity has gone beyond the boundaries of pure literature. He represents the transformation of the times, the cold analysis of the national soul, and the bold innovation of thinking methods. As Professor Yan Jiayan said, Lu Xun used the writing style of Pi Li Yang Qiu, which was unknowingly spoken out verbally, but actually had some praise, criticism and comments, which also inspired the reader's judgment. | The main idea of this passage is that Lu Xun's personality is the most complex. | not-entailment |
4,816 | Invalid civil acts refer to civil acts that have no legal binding force from the beginning. The following civil acts are invalid: (1) performed by a person without civil capacity; (2) performed by a person with limited civil capacity that cannot be independently performed in accordance with the law (3) One party uses fraud, coercion or taking advantage of the danger to cause the other party to act in violation of its true will; (4) Malicious collusion, harming the interests of the state, the collective or a third party; (5) Violating the law or Social public interest; (6) Cover up illegal purposes in a legal form. | According to the above definition, Three girls in a middle school have good musical talents, and their bands often win prizes in various interscholastic competitions. A record company verbally paid high rewards and asked them to follow them without the consent of their parents. Signed a contract and suspended school are invalid civil acts. | entailment |
7,533 | Secondary scandal: refers to a place or someone exposed after a scandal, and then pulled out of other scandals. | An article by The Xinhua News Agency titled Seemingly Hidden, But Really Deceptive -- A Review of official rumors in the past combed through cases of official rumors that have emerged in recent years is secondary scandal according to the above definition. | entailment |
11,974 | Demand levels for some categories of products are closely interdependent. When one type of a product can serve as a complement for another product, the levels of demand for these goods are positively related. An increase in the demand for one product usually increases the demand for its complementary product. Similarly, a decrease in the demand for one good causes a decrease in the demand for its complementary product. | An increase in the demand for toothpaste results in an increase in the demand for cellular phones provides an example of the relationship between product demands described above. | entailment |
4,166 | According to the TV ratings survey, more young people watch sports programs than the middle-aged people and elderly people. | Sports programmes are prepared for young people can be inferred. | not-entailment |
5,460 | Legal evil interest refers to the thing generated from the original thing according to a certain legal relationship. It is the legal income that the owner of the original thing should obtain from specific civil legal activities such as leasing and investment. | Dividends from investing in treasury bonds are a legal evil interest according to the above definition. | entailment |
2,793 | Office Director: This office does not plan to use recycled paper. The letter to the user must leave a good impression. Cannot print on poor quality paper. Stationery suppliers: recycled paper is not necessarily inferior. In fact, the original paper was made from recyclable materials. It was not until the 1850s that wood fiber was used as a raw material for papermaking due to insufficient supply of scrap materials. | Unrelated facts are used to prove an assertion about product quality best summarizes the loopholes in the stationery supplier's rebuttal. | entailment |
6,303 | Academic evaluation is often intertwined with various subjective and objective complex factors. Because academic evaluation is often affected by the evaluation subjects' academic views, emotional tendencies, values and other factors, people tend to rely on quantitative data for evaluation. In fact, the evaluation significance contained in this kind of data is reflected by clickers, downloaders and citators. Over reliance on such data is to regard the producer of quantitative data as the evaluation subject. | The main idea of the above is that we should not rely too much on quantitative data in academic evaluation. | entailment |
3,124 | As an edible sugar, fructose has been widely used in the food processing industry. Fructose is kept in the blood after entering human cells. Its metabolic pathway in the human body is independent of insulin. The intake of human body does not cause fluctuations in blood glucose and insulin levels. Therefore, fructose has a smaller effect on glucose in patients with diabetes than glucose, and blood sugar in diabetic patients does not increase after fructose intake. Fructose is a kind of sugar beneficial to health. | The statement "Fructose is hydrolyzed from starch, which is first decomposed into glucose, and then transformed into a mixture of fructose and glucose, so fructose does not come from fruit" does not weaken the above conclusion. | entailment |
8,820 | Xiao Qiang and Xiao Gang are two brothers. Xiao Qiang's study time is longer than Xiao Gang's, and Xiao Qiang's reading is also more than Xiao Gang's. | The statement 'The information in the above is not enough to compare Xiao Qiang and Xiao Gang in other aspects' can be determined to be true based on the information above. | entailment |
14,840 | Scientist: Given the human tendency to explore and colonize new areas, some people believe that the galaxy will eventually be colonized by trillions of humans. If so, the vast majority of humans ever to live would be alive during this period of colonization. Since all of us are humans and we have no reason to think we are unrepresentative, the odds are overwhelming that we would be alive during this period, too. But, because we are not alive during this period, the odds are slim that such colonization will ever happen. | The scientist's argument proceeds by inferring that since an event that is taken to be likely on a given hypothesis has not occurred, the hypothesis is probably false. | entailment |
1,995 | At present, more and more parents are gradually aware of the importance of EQ and are fascinated by the promotion of children's EQ training by training institutions. Tens of thousands of tuition fees a year can not stop their enthusiasm. There are several possible reasons analyzed by experts: one is that they are aware of the need to cultivate their children's EQ, and the other is that parents feel that there is something wrong with their children's education. They prefer to send their children out for education rather than look for reasons from their own educational ideas, which is actually an expression of shirking responsibility; in addition, there are self-fulfilling values forged in the daily work mode of white-collar workers, which makes young parents too anxious in the process of educating their children, which is also the reason for the popularity of training courses. | The most likely topic to be discussed next is 'How to rationally understand EQ training.' | entailment |
255 | Archaeology is a science that studies how to find and obtain the physical remains of ancient human society, and how to study the history of human society based on these remains. In other words, archaeology is the science of studying history through physical objects based on scientific excavation. | According to the above definition, studying the authors of ancient books belongs to archaeology. | entailment |
9,801 | Mr. Zhang intends to buy several kinds of flowers, and his intention is as follows: (1) buy at most one kind of rose and tulip; (2) buy at least one kind of peony, rose and daisy; (3) buy at least two kinds of tulips, daisies and lilies; and (4) if you buy tulips, do not buy peonies. | Mr. Zhang bought at least one kind of daisies and roses according to the above intention. | entailment |
9,676 | It is undeniable that mathematics is widely used in economics and management research, and plays a positive role in promoting academic research and scientific decision-making. However, academic research should be problem-oriented, not technology-oriented. Mathematical methods are only tools and means, not ends. In research practice, some papers are only written or supplemented by simple charts, the academic level is still very high; some papers do not use mathematical models, clear and clear, even non-professionals can read. In the final analysis, papers are used to express ideas and opinions, and excellent papers should be enlightening, creative and readable. | The achievements of academic research are out of touch with the actual needs to a certain extent is most likely to be criticized by the author according to the passage. | not-entailment |
7,716 | Market concentration refers to the degree of concentration of an industry in the market structure. It is used to measure the difference of the number and relative scale of enterprises and is an important quantitative indicator of market power. | Qingyan village near a small commodity market occupies a large share of the online retail market is a phenomenon of low market concentration. | not-entailment |
12,452 | Images from ground-based telescopes are invariably distorted by the Earth' s atmosphere. Orbiting space telescopes, however, operating above Earth' s atmosphere, should provide superbly detailed images. Ttherefore, ground-based telescopes will soon become obsolete for advanced astronomical research purposes. | The statement 'By careful choice of observatory location, it is possible for large-aperture telescopes to avoid most of the kind of wind turbulence that can distort image quality' would cast the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above. | not-entailment |
9,632 | Information pollution refers to the phenomenon that the elements of harmful, deceptive or misleading information are mixed in the process of information dissemination, thus affecting the normal acquisition and utilization of effective information. | Xiao Zhang's Wechat moments have seen all kinds of health-preserving and pseudoscience messages forwarded by his parents every day belongs to information pollution. | not-entailment |
13,563 | All too many weaklings are also cowards, and few cowards fail to be fools. Thus there must be at least one person who is both a weakling and a fool. | The flawed pattern of reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which the statement 'Some painters are dancers, since some painters are musicians, and some musicians are dancers' is made. | entailment |
14,170 | Hotco oil burners, designed to be used in asphalt plants, are so efficient that Hotco will sell one to the Clifton Asphalt plant for no payment other than the cost savings between the total amount the asphalt plant actually paid for oil using its former burner during the last two years and the total amount it will pay for oil using the Hotco burner during the next two years. On installation, the plant will make an estimated payment, which will be adjusted after two years to equal the actual cost savings. | If another manufacturer's introduction to the market of a similarly efficient burner occurred, it would constitute a disadvantage for Hotco of the plan described above. | not-entailment |
9,329 | String pair means that in a verse or couplet, the sentence and the pair are not opposite in meaning and grammatical structure, but are inherited from top to bottom. The two sentences cannot be separated from each other or reversed. There is a certain sequence in their language structures. | If you want to cross the mountain of knowledge, you must take the road of diligence. If you want to cross the ocean of knowledge, you must use diligence as a boat to cross the sea is a string pair according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
10,958 | Archaeologist: The earliest evidence of controlled fire use in Europe dates to just 400, 000 years ago. This casts doubt on the commonly held view that, because of Europe' s cold winter climate, mastery of fire was a necessary prerequisite for humans' migration there. | The assumption that the climate in Europe was significantly colder 400,000 years ago than it is today is required by the argument. | not-entailment |
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