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7,826 | Technological innovation refers to the economic development, only new technology and new inventions in the production of the first application, is in the production system to establish a new production function or supply function. The new combination economics, which causes a kind of factor of production and production conditions, emphasizes that planned innovation is not exclusive. Uncertainty, marketability and systemic characteristics. | The behavior of introducing foreign advanced production technology to improve product quality belongs to technological innovation in the field of economics according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
1,203 | Since people are social animals and cannot do anything without the interpersonal environment, who can win the trust and cooperation of others fastest with the lowest communication cost per unit time has a great chance of success. At all times, at home and abroad, those who can achieve great things often win in the comprehensive quality of communication, organization and action. No matter socialized mass production in the industrial era, or the business competition in the market economy environment, it is necessary to put this kind of interpersonal knowledge through the behavior of every economic man. | Communication is important for success is consistent with the above words. | entailment |
123 | The large amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels does not actually cause the greenhouse effect-that is, the increase in global average temperature. Because if the supply of carbon dioxide rises, plants will consume more of the gas, so they will grow taller and lushly, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will eventually remain stable. | If the statement 'Methane produced by rotting plants, which is another gas that can significantly cause the greenhouse effect' is correct, it will most severely weaken the conclusion that the large amount of carbon dioxide currently released into the atmosphere will not cause the greenhouse effect. | entailment |
6,071 | After the four countries of Dali, Wu Yue, South Han to participate in the northwest, southwest, northeast, southeast and other four different alliances, and the four countries to participate in the alliance is different.First, only after joining the Southwest Alliance, the South Han can participate in the Northeast Alliance. Second, if Nanhan joins the Northeast Alliance, Dali will join the Southwest Alliance. Third, after that, Dali has at least one country participating in the Southwest Alliance. Fourth, if The South Han joins the Northwest or Southwest Alliance, Wu Yue will not participate in the Northwest or Southwest Alliance. | South Han Sims does not participate in the Southwest Alliance based on the above statement. | entailment |
8,520 | Linguistics is a discipline that studies the patterns and evolutional laws of language structure. The search for pattern and law is the common goal of linguistics and other sciences. However, scientific goals are far from enough. The common methodological features of modern science, such as deduction and induction, qualitative and quantitative, description and interpretation, hypothesis and testing, are exactly what Chinese traditional linguistics lacks. At the same time, Chinese linguistics is also faced with the problem of internationalization. Our voice in the international academic community of linguistics is still very weak. The reason for this situation can not be completely attributed to the different objects of study, and the international academic language is the language barrier of English, and there are also problems of research ideas and research methods. | The main content of this text is that in the past, there were some misunderstandings about the direction of linguistic research in the field of linguistics in China. | not-entailment |
176 | Environmentalists worry that the large-scale use of plastic packaging will pollute the environment and try to make manufacturers find ways to recycle plastic materials. However, despite their efforts, the recycling rate of plastic products is only 6.5%. The recycling rate of glass containers is 33%. | The statement 'Manufacturing new plastics requires more oil, while manufacturing new glass can use renewable resources' is not helpful in explaining the relatively low recycling rate of plastic products if true. | entailment |
9,074 | weeds originally means useless or unbeautiful herbs, while the so-called useful and beautiful actually depend on people's perspective. The word weed is a convenient label with a strong subjective color, so it is not a scientific classification term. | The statement 'All words with strong subjective color are not scientific classification terms' is the hypothesis that makes the above conclusion valid. | entailment |
1,203 | Since people are social animals and cannot do anything without the interpersonal environment, who can win the trust and cooperation of others fastest with the lowest communication cost per unit time has a great chance of success. At all times, at home and abroad, those who can achieve great things often win in the comprehensive quality of communication, organization and action. No matter socialized mass production in the industrial era, or the business competition in the market economy environment, it is necessary to put this kind of interpersonal knowledge through the behavior of every economic man. | The statement 'Communication, organization and action can achieve great things' is consistent with the above words. | not-entailment |
4,566 | Pregnant women are prone to vitamin deficiency. Some people believe that this is not caused by lack of vitamins in the diet, but usually due to the large demand for vitamins when babies grow up in the abdomen. | The daily diet of a pregnant woman lacking vitamins was tested to determine the content of vitamins is the most important operation in order to evaluate the accuracy of the above conclusions. | not-entailment |
5,693 | Signature Effect means that when people write down their names on paper, their self-awareness in the brain will be strengthened. At this time, when they see what they like, it is easier to connect the items with themselves, and generate ideas such as this thing is really suitable for me, so as to stimulate their desire to buy | According to the above definition, intermediary company requiring the tenant to sign the house viewing agreement before the house viewing can be explained by Signature Effect. | entailment |
4,477 | Cold chain refers to a special supply chain system in which perishable food is always in the low temperature environment necessary for products in all links of product processing, storage, transportation, distribution and retail after being purchased or fished from the origin, so as to ensure food quality and safety, reduce loss and prevent pollution. | Cold chains are refrigerated trucks used to transport fresh seafood to the refrigeration rooms of various shopping malls for fresh-keeping businesses. | entailment |
1,244 | The genes responsible for the basic elements of durian flavor are the volatiles of sulfur compounds, which are activated during durian maturity, such as diallyl trisulfide. These sulfur compounds have a pungent taste, and also contain onions, garlic, leeks and so on, it is not difficult to understand that a considerable number of people can not stand the stink of durian. But the pericarp and pulp of durian are also rich in esters, which make durian chewy and have a mixed flavor of a variety of fruits. | The main content of this text is to explain why durian smells pungent but tastes delicious. | entailment |
8,338 | Any enterprise that exists in the society is a social enterprise. Society is the stage for entrepreneurs to display their talents. Only entrepreneurs who sincerely return to society and earnestly fulfill their social responsibilities can be truly recognized by the society and meet the requirements of the times. | If entrepreneurs meet the requirements of the times, they will be truly recognized by the society can be inferred according to the above statement. | not-entailment |
5,331 | Conflict of power and authority refers to the dispute or confrontation caused by the definition of authority in the process of exercising administrative authority. | According to the above definition, two or more administrative entities considering themselves and the other party to have jurisdiction over the same administrative matter, but there are disputes in terms of jurisdiction, degree or dominance is not a conflict of power and authority. | not-entailment |
1,007 | Advance payment refers to the payment of a certain amount of money to the other party according to the agreement as a guarantee of claims. After the debtor fulfills its debts, the deposit shall be offset against the price or recovered. If the party paying the deposit fails to perform the agreed obligation, it shall not have the right to request the return of the deposit; If the party receiving the deposit fails to perform the agreed debt, it shall double the deposit. | According to the above definition, Xiao Li paying 20,000 yuan to the landlord after fancying a second-hand house and the two sides agreeing to sell the house to Xiao Li within a week is advance payment. | entailment |
1,791 | The reality of the development of children's films in China is indeed not optimistic: our country makes 40 to 50 children's films every year. Among them, 1 dream 10 is of good quality, but it lacks specialized personnel or institutions to carry out market promotion and promotion, not to mention cinema support, let alone let primary and secondary school students know, so there are very few children's films that can be shown, even if it is released, it is hard to escape the one-day cinema tour. Does that mean that children's movies are at a dead end in China? Data show that the number of minors in China has reached 367 million, which is a huge audience. At present, most of the parents are post-70s and post-80s, many of them have movie-watching habits and film complex, and with the continuous improvement of living standards, watching movies has become more and more important spiritual needs of people. Therefore, it is also a popular trend to take children to the movies. | In fact, there is a bright future in China's children's film market is intended to be explained in this passage. | entailment |
12,587 | A new law gives ownership of patents-documents providing exclusive right to make and sell an invention-to universities, not the government, when those patents result from government-sponsored university research. Administrators at Logos University plan to sell any patents they acquire to corporations in order to fund programs to improve undergraduate teaching. | The statement 'Profit-making corporations interested in developing products based on patents held by universities are likely to try to serve as exclusive sponsors of ongoing university research projects' would cast the most doubt on the viability of the college administrators' plan described above. | not-entailment |
12,948 | David: Forbidding companies from hiring permanent replacements for striking employees would be profoundly unfair. Such companies would have little leverage in their negotiations with strikers. Lin: No, the companies would still have sufficient leverage in negotiations if they hired temporary replacements. | David and Lin disagree over the amount of leverage companies lose in their negotiations with strikers by not being able to hire permanent replacements is most strongly supported by the exchange between David and Lin. | entailment |
11,303 | Programmer: We computer programmers at Mytheco are demanding raises to make our average salary comparable with that of the technical writers here who receive, on average, 20 percent more in salary and benefits than we do. This pay difference is unfair and intolerable. Mytheco executive: But many of the technical writers have worked for Mytheco longer than have many of the programmers. Since salary and benefits at Mytheco are directly tied to seniority, the 20 percent pay difference you mention is perfectly acceptable. | Evaluating the adequacy of the Mytheco executive's response requires a clarification of how the Mytheco executive's salary compares with that of the programmers. | not-entailment |
1,691 | According to the statistics in the 1990s, the average annual growth rate of patent applications in China is 48%, but the implementation of patents in China only accounts for 20-30% of the total number of patents, compared with the implementation rate of up to 80% in foreign countries, there is a big gap. Only 15% of total patent applications in China come from enterprises, while 80% of patent applications in developed countries come from enterprises. | The main support is the statement that "efforts should be made to expand the development and implementation of the growing number of patented technologies" in our country. | entailment |
14,554 | A company' s two divisions performed with remarkable consistency over the past three years: in each of those years, the pharmaceuticals division has accounted for roughly 20 percent of dollar sales and 40 percent of profits, and the chemicals division for the balance. | Regarding the past three years, it can properly be inferred from the statement above that the chemicals division has realized lower profits per dollar of sales than has the pharmaceuticals division. | entailment |
11,400 | Linguist: One group of art critics claims that postimpressionist paintings are not really art and so should be neither studied nor displayed. Another group of critics disagrees, insisting that these paintings are works of art. But since the second group grants that there are paintings that are not works of art and should ttherefore be ignored in the manner suggested by the first group, their disagreement is not over the meaning of the word art. | The claim that there are paintings that are not works of art plays the role of being a claim whose acceptance by both of the two disputing parties is cited as evidence for a conclusion the argument draws about the disagreement. | entailment |
11,440 | An independent audit found no indication of tax avoidance on the part of the firm in the firm' s accounts; ttherefore, no such problem exists. | The questionable reasoning in the argument above is most closely paralleled by that in the statement "A compilation of the best student essays of the year includes no essays on current events; therefore, students have become apathetic toward current events." | not-entailment |
8,326 | The common people's lecturer means that grass-roots units select ordinary people to publicize the principles and policies of the party and the government in a form that they like to hear and see. | Lao Chen, the secretary of the village branch, watches the News broadcast on time every day, publicizes the principles and policies of the Party and the state by chatting with the villagers, and answers their questions belongs to the common people's lecturer. | not-entailment |
7,772 | Because the suspect sells the fake medicine to the pharmacy, the coverage is very wide and the social harm is extremely big. In particular, first-aid drugs such as heart-saving pills, once patients make fake drugs in river, the consequences are unimaginable. An investigation by a public security bureau found that those fake drugs not only have high manufacturing technology and packaging level, but also are popular well-known brands in the current market. The sales volume is astonishing and the purchase price is close to the production cost. | Some of the most harmful criminal activities in society include the sale of fake medicine with a high level of technology can be inferred. | not-entailment |
2,782 | Recently, it was found that the mercury content in the feathers of seabird specimens preserved in the 1980s was only half of that of the current live birds of the same species. The accumulation of mercury in seabird feathers is caused by seabirds eating fish, which shows that the content of mercury in seafish is higher than that more than 100 years ago. | The hypothesis of the appeal argument is that the methods used for the preparation and preservation of seabird specimens did not significantly reduce the mercury content in seabird feathers. | entailment |
6,693 | Handwriting test is a special technical method to identify the writer through the characteristics of writing action habit, character layout habit and written language habit of writing symbols. | Handwriting examination is a special technical method for material evidence inspection mainly supports the idea of handwriting verification. | entailment |
13,561 | All Labrador retrievers love playing fetch. Only German shepherds love protecting their home. Some dogs are easy to train. Brittany' s dog loves playing fetch and loves protecting her home. | Brittany's dog is half Labrador retriever and half German shepherd, and her dog is also easy to train must be true. | not-entailment |
14,374 | Most bicycle helmets provide good protection for the top and back of the head, but little or no protection for the temple regions on the sides of the head. A study of head injuries resulting from bicycle accidents showed that a large proportion were caused by blows to the temple area. Ttherefore, if bicycle helmets protected this area, the risk of serious head injury in bicycle accidents would be greatly reduced especially since __. | Bicyclists generally land on their arm or shoulder when they fall to the side, which reduces the likelihood of severe impacts on the side of the head most logically completes the passage. | not-entailment |
14,039 | Helen: It was wrong of my brother Mark to tell our mother that the reason he had missed her birthday party the evening before was that he had been in a traffic accident and that by the time he was released from the hospital emergency room the party was long over. Saying something that is false can never be other than morally wrong, and there had been no such accident -- Mark had simply forgotten all about the party. | The main conclusion drawn in Helen's argument is that Mark did not tell his mother the truth. | not-entailment |
1,864 | In the late Qing and early Ming dynasties, a group of Westerners went to the mountains of southwestern China for scientific research or poaching. Some of them found a small koala in the mountains, because the locals called it mountain bear or maoxiong. They also called it maoxiong in the article, why did maoxiong later become panda? After the Republic of China, some traditional books and periodicals changed from vertical to horizontal. However, the fundamental reason is that there is no clear classification of it in the field of zoology. | The main content of this text is the origin of the word panda. | entailment |
11,053 | Principle: A government should reduce taxes on imports if doing so would financially benefit many consumers in its domestic economy. There is a notable exception, however: it should never reduce import taxes if one or more of its domestic industries would be significantly harmed by the added competition. Conclusion: The government should not reduce taxes on textile imports. | The domestic textile industry and consumers in the domestic economy would benefit less from reductions in taxes on textile imports than they would from other measures is a statement from which the conclusion can be properly drawn using the principle. | not-entailment |
10,923 | It is well documented that people have positive responses to some words, such as kind and wonderful, and negative responses to others, such as evil and nausea. Recently, psychological experiments have revealed that people also have positive or negative responses to many nonsense words. This shows that people' s responses to words are conditioned not only by what the words mean, but also by how they sound. | The claim that people have positive or negative responses to many nonsense words is a conclusion for which the only support provided is the claim that people's responses to words are conditioned both by what the words mean and by how they sound. | not-entailment |
12,605 | The goblin fern, which requires a thick layer of leaf litter on the forest floor, is disappearing from North American forests. In spots where it has recently vanished, the leaf litter is unusually thin and, unlike those places where this fern still thrives, is teeming with the European earthworm Lumbricus rubellus, which eats leaf litter. L. rubellus is thus probably responsible for the fern' s disappearance. | The assumption on which the argument depends is that wherever there is a thick layer of leaf litter in North American forests, goblin ferns can be found. | not-entailment |
2,222 | Psychologists have suggested that if social networks are used well, they can also significantly reduce people's negative emotions and improve their mood. But the premise is that we need to use the Internet as a practice platform to truly express ourselves and interact with others sincerely and kindly. Offline, due to geographical spacing and other problems, it is sometimes difficult to find like-minded friends. But relying on the convenience of the Internet, many people are easy to find bosom friends. | The correct use of social networks can make up for the lack of real communication is mainly emphasized in this passage. | entailment |
8,565 | Green consumption refers to the consumption behavior characterized by saving resources and protecting the environment, which is mainly manifested as advocating diligence and thrift, reducing loss and waste, choosing efficient and environmentally friendly products and services and reducing the consumption of resources and the emission of pollution in the process of consumption. | Xiao Li pays more attention to hygiene and often chooses disposable chopsticks and paper cups when eating in the canteen does not belong to green consumption according to the above definition. | entailment |
6,966 | Needless to say, bringing economic development into the plan is conducive to maintaining socialist public ownership, preventing the imbalance of economic development, and avoiding periodic economic crises and the resulting waste. However, a perfect economic operation system depends on perfect people to ensure its perfection. For China, a large country with a population of 1.3 billion, these perfect people who make and implement economic plans must have absolutely superhuman wisdom and absolutely noble moral character, like the gods and saints that people worship. | The main argument supported in this paragraph is that if wise people make and implement economic plans, the planned economy will be more effective than the market economy. | not-entailment |
74 | The Marriage Law stipulates that any divorce is permitted if both parties voluntarily divorce. In a marriage case, only one party is willing to divorce. | The court's sentence should be that they cannot judge the divorce. | not-entailment |
6,241 | According to statistics, about 5000 elderly people commit suicide in Japan every year, accounting for 3/10 of the number of suicides, which can be called the big country of elderly suicide in the world. Among them, the suicide rate of divorced men is 8 times that of those with spouses, and the suicide rate of divorced women is 4 times that of those with spouses. | The view that widowhood and loneliness are the important causes of suicide among the elderly in Japan is directly supported by the above paragraph. | entailment |
8,644 | A research paper published in a famous foreign academic journal reveals that when people are angry, there will be a series of reactions in the body, which will make the heart beat faster and endocrine disorder, and cause high blood pressure and digestive system disorder. In severe cases, it may cause vomiting or even fainting, and it can also cause skin freckles to increase in the future. Zhang San hopes that his child can go to a famous university. If he sees the grades his child are not satisfactory, he will sulk. | The statement 'In the final exam of the semester, the grades of two of the son of the Zhang San subjects dropped' can best lead to the conclusion that Zhang San is angry based on the conclusion of the question. | entailment |
6,394 | Public shaming of students, as a cold and punitive experience, develops students' feelings of inferiority, hatred and even social aggression, and impinges on self-esteem, trust and a sense of belonging. A public humiliation is a trample on human dignity, and repeated humiliation experience will lead to the loss of personal dignity. And the most important values of human society -- love, morality, citizenship and social cohesion -- depend on recognition and appreciation of the dignity of oneself and of others. | Students have the tendency of inferiority, hatred and even social aggression, and will turn to crime is an misinterpretation of the material. | entailment |
5,229 | Export processing zones are a form of special economic zones. They are export-oriented special economic zones. They mainly use foreign capital, technology, and equipment, and take advantage of China's land, resources, labor and other advantages, and the products produced are mainly exported. | The Salt Lake Economic Development Zone in Northwest Qinghai Province belongs to the export processing zone and adopts a strategy of attracting investment and foreign investment, providing manpower, land, etc. and selling products mainly in the five northwestern provinces and regions. | not-entailment |
6,418 | Small stories reveal great strategies, while details reveal wisdom of survival. True success does not come from a panacea or a sidetrack, but from a key in the hands of each of us. That is to pay attention to every detail of the living environment, implement every detail, do small things fine, do details thoroughly. | The author thinks that grasping the details is the key to success. | entailment |
4,535 | As a new thing, bike sharing has developed rapidly recently. The shadow of bike sharing can be seen almost everywhere in the streets and alleys of the city. Bike sharing constitutes a new and beautiful scenery in the city and also provides convenience for people's travel. However, some citizens are worried about the whole bicycle production industry. They believe that the emergence of bike sharing and a large number of bikes are put into use.This makes many individuals who plan to buy Bicycles no longer buy bicycles. As a result, the production and sales of the whole bicycle industry decreased | Shared bicycles are produced by bicycle manufacturers entrusted by the company to which they belong and the number of shared bicycles far exceeds the purchase volume due to personal needs weakens the conclusion of these citizens. | entailment |
8,342 | From May 1, 2019 to the end of 2019, a total of 113 accidents occurred in new energy vehicles, and fire accidents accounted for a certain proportion. Among the vehicles in fire accidents, passenger cars account for 6%, special-purpose vehicles take the second place, and buses are the lowest. This shows that among the new energy vehicles, the safety of passenger vehicles is much lower than that of special vehicles and buses. | According to the agency's statistics, the number of new energy vehicles and buses accounted for less than 10% of the total number of new energy vehicles is the most likely to question the above conclusion. | entailment |
3,202 | The equal right to employment means that citizens enjoy the right to equal employment opportunities regardless of their nationality, race, gender, religious belief and family background. | According to the above definition, refusing to hire a hepatitis B patient on the grounds of food safety does not violate the equal right of employment. | entailment |
13,639 | Mayor McKinney' s policies have often been criticized on the grounds that they benefit only wealthy city residents, but that is not a fair evaluation. Some of McKinney' s policies have clearly benefited the city' s less affluent residents. McKinney actively supported last year' s proposal to lower the city' s high property taxes. Because of this tax decrease, more development is taking place in the city, helping to end the housing shortage and stabilize the rents in the city. | The main conclusion of the argument is that the criticism that McKinney's policies benefit only the wealthy is unjustified. | entailment |
9,267 | A school has seven outstanding students G, H, L, M, U, W and Z. During the summer vacation, the school will send them to England and the United States to study. Only these seven students from the school took part in the activity, and each of them happened to go to one of the two countries. Considering the specialty of each student, the following conditions must be met in this activity: (1) if G goes to the England, then H goes to the United States. (2) if L goes to England, then both M and U go to the United States. (3) the country where W goes is different from that of Z. (4) the country where U goes is different from that of G. (5) if Z goes to the England, H also goes to the England. | If M and W go to England, L and U both go to the United States can be true. | entailment |
13,046 | In 1992, a major newspaper circulated throughout North America paid its reporters an average salary that was much lower than the average salary paid by its principal competitors to their reporters. An executive of the newspaper argued that this practice was justified, since any shortfall that might exist in the reporters' salaries is fully compensated by the valuable training they receive through their assignments. | The statement 'The union that represented reporters at the newspaper was different from the union that represented reporters at the newspaper's competitors' most seriously undermines the justification offered by the executive. | not-entailment |
2,228 | Throughout the history of cartography, the effective use of maps means understanding a series of abstract symbols drawn on the plane and then connecting these symbols with various three-dimensional features of the local environment, so as to successfully determine their own location. But not all ordinary people can do this and not long ago, the map itself was a scarce artifact, some of which were militarily sensitive secrets. But the map that can be seen on the phone screen changes all that. | The most important part of this passage is that smart phones have greatly improved the quality of human life. | not-entailment |
8,545 | Telomeres are DNA fragments whose length is very long at birth and then becomes shorter and is regarded as a sign of aging. After analyzing data over the years, the researchers found that the average telomere length of women who had at least one child was 4.2% shorter than that of infertile women. This percentage is equivalent to 11 years of cell aging, outpacing the effects of smoking and obesity on cell aging. As a result, it has been suggested that having children will speed up the aging of women. | The statement 'Giving birth is good for women's health and can reduce the risk of many diseases. Breastfeeding for one year can reduce women's risk of breast cancer by 30%' cannot refute the above point of view if it is true. | entailment |
11,011 | Boreal owls range over a much larger area than do other owls of similar size. The reason for this behavior is probably that the small mammals on which owls feed are especially scarce in the forests where boreal owls live, and the relative scarcity of prey requires the owls to range more extensively to find sufficient food. | The statement 'The boreal owl requires less food, relative to its weight, than is required by members of other owl species' most helps to confirm the explanation above. | not-entailment |
1,581 | In fact, just as it is impossible for the New Culture Movement to shake the firm position of Confucianism in Chinese culture, the waterflooding articles and the concept of flying all over the world will not completely stifle the spirit of Puxue in the Qing Dynasty.Fond of great achievements and illusory, following the so-called heel of the West with a few nouns will only produce a pile of written rubbish, which will not be able to gain a foothold for a long time and will be despised by the Western academic circles. On the contrary, if we do not abandon our students' tradition and do knowledge in a down-to-earth manner, we can establish a strong opposite in front of Westerners. | The vain academic atmosphere makes it difficult for China to make academic achievements expresses the meaning of this passage. | not-entailment |
9,850 | The theory of mime means that the mutual behavior between people in social life is a kind of performance to some extent. Everyone, like an actor, performs to the audience on the stage according to the requirements of a certain role in a certain scene. In the whole process of performance, people always try to make their behavior closer to the role they want to present to the audience, and the audience sees the role rather than the actor itself. When the performance is over and the actor returns backstage, his true face is revealed, and the actor returns to his original self. | According to the above definition, Xiao Wei was short of money but worked hard, so the boss quietly drove a limousine to pick up his parents at the airport does not prove the theory of mime. | entailment |
8,644 | A research paper published in a famous foreign academic journal reveals that when people are angry, there will be a series of reactions in the body, which will make the heart beat faster and endocrine disorder, and cause high blood pressure and digestive system disorder. In severe cases, it may cause vomiting or even fainting, and it can also cause skin freckles to increase in the future. Zhang San hopes that his child can go to a famous university. If he sees the grades his child are not satisfactory, he will sulk. | Based on the conclusion of the question, if it is true that the grades of two of the son of Zhang San dropped in the final exam of the semester, it can best lead to the conclusion that Zhang San is angry. | entailment |
12,415 | Last year a chain of fast-food restaurants, whose menu had always centered on hamburger, added its first vegetarian sandwich, much lower in fat than the chain's other offerings. Despite heavy marketing, the new sandwich accounts for a very small proportion of the chain's sales. The sandwich's sales would have to quadruple to cover the costs associated with including it on the menu. Since such an increase is unlikely, the chain would be more profitable if it dropped the sandwich. | Many of the people who eat at the chain's restaurants also eat at the restaurants of competing chains and report no strong preference among the competitors most seriously weakens the argument. | not-entailment |
4,900 | In addition to ABO blood group, there are other types of human blood group, such as GM blood group. GM blood group exists in human serum and shows obvious ethnic specificity. FB subtype like GM blood group is unique to Caucasians; St subtype only exists in yellow people; The C3 subtype is only found in black people. | Some Caucasians can also have st subtypes of GM blood group can be inferred. | not-entailment |
8,177 | Glucocorticoid is a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex of the human body. It can regulate the synthesis and metabolism of sugars, fats and proteins. It is called glucocorticoid because its activity of regulating carbohydrate metabolism was first recognized by people. In addition, glucocorticoids can also regulate the inflammatory response, so they are often used as anti-inflammatory drugs to treat diseases caused by the overreaction of the immune system, such as allergies, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Glucocorticoids are also often used to fight inflammation in cancer patients. In cells, glucocorticoids need to interact with glucocorticoid receptors to exert their physiological functions. | The main content of this passage is Characteristics of glucocorticoid. | not-entailment |
9,678 | Parents worry that their children's over-reliance on mobile phones will damage their eyesight and see bad information. However, it is worth noting that, in addition to the influence of these shallow levels, the most important thing is that mobile learning improves students' information search ability, but also neglects the training of students' analytical ability and creative ability because of the availability of answers. these are the most important and core parts of learning. | The content that this text is meant to emphasize is that mobile learning is disadvantageous to training analysis and creativity. | entailment |
8,409 | In 1990, the incidence of bone fractures was very high among people over 70 years old in W city, and at the same time, the mortality rate of people over 70 years old was also very high, so it can be known that the high incidence of bone fractures led to an increase in mortality among people over 70 years old. | The statement 'In 1990, W City was experiencing war' most weakens the above argument. | entailment |
10,723 | Stylistic evidence and laboratory evidence strongly support the claim that the magnificent painting Garden of Eden is a work of the Flemish master van Eyck. Nevertheless, the painting must have been the work of someone else, as any one with a little historical and zoological knowledge can tell merely by looking at the painting. The animals in the painting are all vivid representations of actual animals, including armadillos. Yet armadillos are native only to the Americas, and van Eyck died decades before Europeans reached the Americas. | The first is an intermediate conclusion drawn in order to support a further conclusion stated in the argument and the second provides evidence in support of that intermediate conclusion is the role played by the two highlighted portions in the argument. | not-entailment |
11,785 | For years the beautiful Renaissance buildings in Palitito have been damaged by exhaust from the many tour buses that come to the city. There has been little parking space, so most buses have idled at the curb during each stop on their tour, and idling produces as much exhaust as driving. The city has now provided parking that accommodates a third of the tour buses, so damage to Palitito' s buildings from the buses' exhaust will diminish significantly. | The statement 'Some of the tour buses that are unable to find parking drive around Palitito while their passengers are visiting a site' most strongly supports the argument. | not-entailment |
11,237 | There is evidence to suggest that our cave-dwelling ancestors polished many of their flints to a degree far surpassing what was necessary for hunting purposes. It seems, ttherefore, that early humans possessed an aesthetic sense. | Flints were often used by early humans for everyday chores other than hunting most seriously weakens the argument. | entailment |
3,438 | Recently, in the analysis of the neural circuit of experimental mice, researchers found the pathogenic gene leading to idiopathic tremor. The researchers analyzed the gene and central nervous system of experimental mice with strong tremor in the lower body during walking, and found mteneuxirr-4 in experimental mice Gene mutation resulted in no myelin sheath outside the axons of nerve cells. Nerves are similar to wires, axons are equivalent to wires in wires, and myelin sheath is like an insulating layer covering the wires. The researchers believe that the shock symptoms of experimental rats are caused by the short circuit of nerve circuits due to the abnormal formation of myelin sheath. The researchers concluded that, The reason for this shock is the same. | The precondition that humans also have the same teneuxirr-4 gene should be added if the researcher's argument is to be established. | entailment |
13,497 | In Australia, in years with below-average rainfall, less water goes into rivers and more water is extracted from rivers for drinking and irrigation. Consequently, in such years, water levels drop considerably and the rivers flow more slowly. Because algae grow better the more slowly the water in which they are growing moves, such years are generally beneficial to populations of algae. But, by contrast, populations of algae drop in periods of extreme drought. | The statement 'The larger the population of algae in a body of water, the less sunlight reaches below the surface of the water' does most to explain the contrast. | not-entailment |
11,110 | The proposed change to the patent system is bound to have a chilling effect on scientific research. Under current rules, researchers have one full year after the initial publication of a new discovery to patent the discovery. This allows research results to be shared widely prior to the patent application. The proposed change would have the application precede initial publication, which would delay the communication of discoveries. | The conclusion drawn above follows logically if the statement 'Delays in the communication of discoveries will have a chilling effect on scientific research' is assumed. | entailment |
10,558 | Philosopher: In the 18th century, a paper on the absolutism of motion asserted that the change in position of one object over time could be measured without reference to the position of any other object. However, one respected physicist claimed that the paper was incoherent. Since an incoherent treatise cannot be considered a description of reality, motion cannot be absolute. | The philosopher uses technical terms to convince others in his argument. | not-entailment |
12,073 | Contrary to Malthus' s arguments, human foodproducing capacity has increased more rapidly than human population. Yet, agricultural advances often compromise biological diversity. Ttherefore, Malthus' s prediction that insufficient food will doom humanity to war, pestilence, and famine will likely be proven correct in the future, because a lack of biodiversity will eventually erode our capacity to produce food. | The statement that human food-producing capacity has increased more rapidly than human population plays the role of being a part of the evidence used in the argument to support the conclusion that a well-known view is misguided. | entailment |
6,272 | Reading is a personal life habit, which is determined by cultural literacy. Without the pursuit of knowledge or the hobby of culture, it is difficult to imagine that people can calm down and read. The habit of reading should be cultivated from an early age. Starting from the beginning, only the love and pursuit of cultural knowledge can make us accustomed to reading. The reading habits and hobbies of Chinese people cannot be solved by a youth reading festival. Therefore, reading is still based on usual habits. | The topic of the above is Advocate reading. | not-entailment |
84 | 1.The popularization of computers 2.The computer management society 3.The decline of ethical concepts of computer technicians 4.The leaks of computer management information 5.The increase of computer professionals 6.Informatization of the overall business management of the enterprise | Based on the following various facts, after comprehensive analysis, the most likely outcome is an increase in computer crime rate. | entailment |
6,653 | From newspapers to cafes to American-style shopping malls, Kuwaiti people have a dislike for the country that almost single-handedly rescued them from Iraqi military occupation. On the tidy streets of the capital Kuwait, people have speculated that, Washington prefers Saddam Hussein to remain in power to ensure that Kuwait and its weak neighbors can be firmly placed under the control of the United States. | Kuwaitis are creating public opinion to get rid of U.S. control best matches the semantics of the above text. | not-entailment |
8,979 | In today's economic globalization, western cultural classics and traditions are still surviving and continuing. In the United States, the president is sworn in according to the Bible, and pupils recite the oath of a nation under the protection of God every week. In China, primary school students no longer study the classics, and there are no people to take the oath of office according to the Analects of Confucius. China has become a country that has almost lost all its cultural classics and traditions. | The reading of scriptures by primary school students is a symbol for a country and a nation to maintain its cultural classics and traditions is the hypothesis on which the above argument depends. | entailment |
7,524 | Second left-behind refers to left-behind children in rural areas who are moved to cities by their parents and are surrounded by strangers without friends or playmates because their parents are busy with their work every day. | In a new district street food market, xiao Ying, who was picked up by her parents in the city, helped her grandmother collect money from the vegetable seller every day. When there were no customers, she would squat on the ground and read comic books is second left-behind according to the above | entailment |
14,896 | The high cost of production is severely limiting which operas are available to the public. These costs necessitate reliance on large corporate sponsors, who in return demand that only the most famous operas be produced. Determining which operas will be produced should rest only with ticket purchasers at the box office, not with large corporate sponsors. If we reduce production budgets so that operas can be supported exclusively by box-office receipts and donations from individuals, then the public will be able to see less famous operas. | The statement 'The reduction of opera production budgets would not reduce the desire of large corporate sponsors to support operas' would weaken the argument. | not-entailment |
6,887 | When can Chinese young directors also have a dynasty change of film language and film achievements, not just the fifth and sixth generation on the seniority baton? However, just like the Matthew effect, the more well-known directors are, the more favored by capital, and the hunger for opportunities and creative use of famous directors are often inferior to young directors, and the more resources young directors need, the more difficult it is to attract funds. rare opportunities once in several years first make survival an obstacle. | The text is intended to illustrate giving young directors more opportunities. | entailment |
13,690 | Robert: The school board is considering adopting a year-round academic schedule that eliminates the traditional three-month summer vacation. This schedule should be adopted, since teachers need to cover more new material during the school year than they do now. Samantha: The proposed schedule will not permit teachers to cover more new material. Even though the schedule eliminates summer vacation, it adds six new two-week breaks, so the total number of school days will be about the same as before. | If true, the statement 'Most parents who work outside the home find it difficult to arrange adequate supervision for their school-age children over the traditional three-month summer vacation' is a response that Robert could make that would counter Samantha's argument. | not-entailment |
14,553 | The reason J. S. Bach is remembered is not that he had a high ratio of outstanding compositions to mediocre compositions. It is rather because he was such a prolific composer. He wrote more than a thousand full-fledged compositions, so it was inevitable that some of them would be outstanding and, being outstanding, survive the ages. | Several of Bach's contemporaries who produced more works than he did have been largely forgotten most seriously weakens the argument. | entailment |
4,011 | Recognizing the land and climate requirements of species survival can provide a basis for regulating human food production and maximising the protection of species. Scientists have concluded that when rainforests are cut down into farmland, birds that need a humid climate die, while those that are suitable for arid climates survive instead. | The natural conditions of farmland are similar to those of bird habitat in arid climate best supports the scientists' conclusions. | entailment |
8,640 | The latest two research results have attracted people's attention: one is to use certain bacteria to produce artificial meat protein, which grows by absorbing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, which takes about 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide for every kilogram of protein; second, to synthesize ethanol from carbon dioxide and water recovered from the atmosphere, it takes 1.5 kilograms of carbon dioxide to produce 1 kilogram of ethanol. Experts predict that these new technologies will help to achieve the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions in the middle of the 21st century. | It can be concluded that only the resource utilization of carbon dioxide can achieve zero greenhouse gas emission based on this. | not-entailment |
5,706 | In economics, the emergence of individual organizations with higher efficiency within the system will destroy or inhibit the existence and development of other organizations with lower efficiency. People call this effect tIp effect. Due to the unbalanced development among individuals, regions and countries, the tIp effect is common. | The statement 'A grain production enterprise has been in recession. After adopting advanced cultivation technology, the production scale of the enterprise expanded and the sales share began to increase' helps avoid the tip effect according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
8,311 | It is generally believed that the eruption of the Toba volcano more than 70,000 years ago caused the cooling of the global climate and the deterioration of the environment, and eventually led to the extinction of human beings outside tropical Africa. A recent genetic study of living populations suggests that between 60,000 and 50,000 years ago, there was a process in which Africans replaced populations in other regions, and the complete substitution hypothesis holds true about the origin of modern humans. That is, Africans are the direct ancestors of people in other regions. | The statement "After the eruption of the Toba volcano, there is still human activity outside tropical Africa" would most question the above researchers' arguments. | not-entailment |
10,917 | Marcus: For most ethical dilemmas the journalist is likely to face, traditional journalistic ethics is clear, adequate, and essentially correct. For example, when journalists have uncovered newsworthy information, they should go to press with it as soon as possible. No delay motivated by the journalists' personal or professional interests is permissible. Anita: Well, Marcus, of course interesting and important information should be brought before the public -- that is a journalist' s job. But in the typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or newsworthy, this guidance is inadequate. | The point made by Anita's statements is that there are common situations in which a journalist must make a decision and in which no principle of journalistic ethics can be of help. | entailment |
4,071 | Information industry refers to the group of related industries directly related to the production, circulation, distribution and consumption of information industry and information services in national economic activities. | According to the above definition, a department providing free consulting services to the society and promoting the development of information technology according to the needs of economic development is not the information industry. | entailment |
2,552 | Professor Li said: mineral water contains more minerals than pure water. Therefore, people who drink mineral water regularly increase the risk of stones because minerals precipitate in the kidneys. | The reason for the precipitation of minerals in the kidneys is a problem with kidney function weakens Professor Li's argument most. | entailment |
14,425 | Many homeowners regularly add commercial fertilizers to their lawns and gardens to maintain a healthy balance of nutrients in soil. The widely available commercial fertilizers contain only macronutrients -- namely, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. To remain healthy in the long term, soil for lawns requires the presence of these macronutrients and also trace amounts of micronutrients such as zinc, iron, and copper, which are depleted when grass clippings are raked up rather than allowed to decay and return to the soil. | Widely available commercial fertilizers are not alone sufficient to maintain a healthy balance of nutrients in soil for lawns where grass clippings are not allowed to decay and return to the soil can be properly inferred from the statements above. | entailment |
12,941 | Carrillo: Using the number of existing primate species, along with measures of the genetic diversify among these primates and among the extinct primate species, our statistical model strongly supports the conclusion that the first primate developed around 81. 5 million years ago. Olson: Given that the oldest primate fossils discovered so far date back only 55 million years, your estimate of how long primate species' development has gone on is sheer speculation. | The dialogue provides the most support for the claim that Carrillo and Olson disagree over whether Carrillo's statistical model is a reliable way of dating the first appearance of primate species. | entailment |
5,527 | Indirect committed, also known as indirect committed crime, refers to the use of others for props to commit a crime of the act. The exploiter achieves his criminal intent by dominating the tool behavior of the exploited.The exploiter and the exploited do not constitute a joint crime. It includes two scenarios, the first one is to use the inability of criminal responsibility to commit crimes, and the second one is to use the negligence of others or unwitting behavior crime. | According to the above definition, A, instigating the mentally ill. A cake with a knife cut with a quick feud with it. A-C is a person with full criminal responsibility capacity, and is thought to be a person without criminal responsibility is an indirect principal. | entailment |
10,665 | Researchers in South Australia estimate changes in shark populations inhabiting local waters by monitoring what is termed the catch per unit effort (CPUE). The CPUE for any species of shark is the number of those sharks that commercial sharkfishing boats catch per hour for each kilometer of gill net set out in the water. Since 1973 the CPUE for a particular species of shark has remained fairly constant. Ttherefore, the population of that species in the waters around South Australia must be at approximately its 1973 level. | A significant threat to shark populations, in addition to commercial shark fishing, is incidental mortality that results from catching sharks in nets intended for other fish most seriously weakens the argument. | entailment |
14,345 | Analyst: The increasing complexity of computers may lead those who pursue a career in computer programming to think that job security and higher wages can be attained by becoming more specialized as the field becomes more complex. Even though specialists earn higher wages than generalists within computer programming, this move is ill-advised because one risks specializing in a technology that will become obsolete. Consider the plight of people who used to repair eight-track tape players. | The statement 'The current technological knowledge of most specialists within computer programming could also be applied to many technologies that will replace present ones' most weakens the analyst's argument. | entailment |
9,501 | Zhong Rong, a literary critic of the Southern Dynasty, commented on the works of Liu Kun in the Jin Dynasty in Shi Pin. Kun is not only a good person, but also has bad luck, so he is good at talking about mourning and chaos, and he has many words of hatred.This is to use the experience of Liu Kun's misfortune to explain why his poems are full of grief and indignation. Contemporary literary critics consciously use this method to examine works. A scholar who studied the novel iniquity Sea Flowers in the late Qing Dynasty once said that in order to understand this work, it is necessary to know people and talk about the world, and it is necessary to explore Zeng Pu's life, ideological process and creative process. It can be seen that knowing people and talking about the world is an important method for him to study evil sea flowers. | Knowing people and talking about the world has always been an important method of literary research is the main content of this text. | entailment |
14,779 | Not all works of art represent something, but some do, and their doing so is relevant to our aesthetic experience of them; representation is ttherefore an aesthetically relevant property. Whether a work of art possesses this property is dependent upon context. Yet there are no clear criteria for determining whether context-dependent properties are present in an object, so there cannot be any clear criteria for determining whether an object qualifies as art. | Aesthetically relevant properties other than representation can determine whether an object is a work of art is the possibility that the reasoning above fails to exclude. | entailment |
910 | The law of sufficient reason means that in the same thought and argument, a thought is always determined to be true for sufficient reasons. There are two logical requirements for the law of sufficient reason: first, the reason must be true; second, there must be a logical relationship between the reason and the inference. | She is methodical, so she must be a secretary meets the law of sufficient reason according to the above definition. | entailment |
1,631 | Thirty-five years ago, in the second-class primary school at the entrance of Gaojing Hutong, Xizhimen Street, Beijing, there were two children with different personalities: One boy, who was born stiff, shy and cowardly, cared about the surface reputation, and cried when bullied. Another boy, naturally free and easy, energetic, stored his strength in it and didn't easily show it. He was interrupted by the teacher. His tears were so painful that he wouldn't drop a tear or beg for mercy. Because of this difference in talent, Lao She and I had different ways of life. | The statement "When I was a child, my personality was different, which led to the author and Lao She finally breaking up in the future" is not in line with the meaning of the text. | entailment |
5,440 | Absolute public goods refer to goods that are used by some people without excluding and affecting the use of the goods by others, and can not distinguish users from non users and charge users. | Air is an absolute public good according to the above definition. | entailment |
10,955 | In an effort to boost sales during the summer months, which are typically the best for soft-drink sales, Foamy Soda lowered its prices. In spite of this, however, the sales of Foamy Soda dropped during the summer months. | Each of the following, if true, contributes to reconciling the apparent discrepancy indicated above EXCEPT: Foamy Soda's competitors lowered their prices even more drastically during the summer months. | not-entailment |
12,833 | Editorialist: There would seem to be little hazard for consumers associated with chemicals used in treated lumber because the lumber is used outside where fumes cannot accumulate. However, immediate steps should be taken to determine the safety of these chemicals since consumers could ingest them. If the lumber is used for children' s playground equipment, youngsters could put their mouths on the wood, and if it is used to contain soil in a vegetable garden, the chemicals could leach into the soil. | The main conclusion of the editorialist's argument is that the chemicals used in treated lumber are apparently not dangerous to the consumer. | not-entailment |
9,229 | Some people argue that inquiry is impossible, because a man can explore neither what he knows nor what he does not know. He cannot explore what he knows, because he knows it, and there is no need to explore it; he cannot explore what he does not know, because he does not know what he is trying to explore. | The statement 'The fallacy of ambiguity: there are two different meanings of knowing: knowing what the answer to the question being explored is and knowing what the question is to explore' most accurately points out the logical loophole in the argument. | entailment |
4,206 | The refraction of light is an optical phenomenon, which refers to the phenomenon of deflection of direction when light is shot in by one medium, another medium, or propagated in the same uneven medium. | The statement 'The sun shines on the mirror, and the students will feel very glare when they shine on the student's face from the mirror' is not a refraction of light according to the above definition. | entailment |
15,062 | For one academic year all the students at a high school were observed. The aim was to test the hypothesis that studying more increased a student' s chances of earning a higher grade. It turned out that the students who spent the most time studying did not earn grades as high as did many students who studied less. Nonetheless, the researchers concluded that the results of the observation supported the initial hypothesis. | In each course, the more a student studied, the better his or her grade was in that course most helps to explain why the researchers drew the conclusion described above. | entailment |
1,791 | The reality of the development of children's films in China is indeed not optimistic: our country makes 40 to 50 children's films every year. Among them, 1 dream 10 is of good quality, but it lacks specialized personnel or institutions to carry out market promotion and promotion, not to mention cinema support, let alone let primary and secondary school students know, so there are very few children's films that can be shown, even if it is released, it is hard to escape the one-day cinema tour. Does that mean that children's movies are at a dead end in China? Data show that the number of minors in China has reached 367 million, which is a huge audience. At present, most of the parents are post-70s and post-80s, many of them have movie-watching habits and film complex, and with the continuous improvement of living standards, watching movies has become more and more important spiritual needs of people. Therefore, it is also a popular trend to take children to the movies. | The present situation of the development of children's films in China is very bleak is intended to be explained in this passage. | not-entailment |
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