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It is chaired by Dr. Walter and Dr. Luis Medrano of UNAM is its secretary.
The committee has been advocating removal of the exotic species from the islands, especially the estimated 2000 sheep on Socorro, to allow the islands' ecology to recover, and adoption of a management plan to promote the recovery of the islands' native species, including reintroduction of the Socorro dove.
Brattstrom and Howell who gave the optimistic outlook in 1956 went on to caution that
"it may be hoped that the Mexican government will guard against the introduction of mammals such as rabbits, cats, goats and others that have invariably brought disaster to the flora and fauna of insular regions."
On 25 November 2017, President of Mexico Enrique Peña Nieto acted to protect the biodiversity of the region by creating North America's largest marine protected area around the islands, and prohibiting mining, fishing, and tourism development on or near the islands.
Fritz London
Fritz Wolfgang London (March 7, 1900 – March 30, 1954) was a German physicist and professor at Duke University.
His fundamental contributions to the theories of chemical bonding and of intermolecular forces (London dispersion forces) are today considered classic and are discussed in standard textbooks of physical chemistry.
With his brother Heinz London, he made a significant contribution to understanding electromagnetic properties of superconductors with the London equations and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on five separate occasions.
London was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland) as the son of Franz London (1863-1917).
Being a Jew, London lost his position at the University of Berlin after Hitler's Nazi Party passed the 1933 racial laws.
He took visiting positions in England and France, and emigrated to the United States in 1939, of which he became a naturalized citizen in 1945.
Later in his life, London was a professor at Duke University.
He was awarded the Lorentz Medal in 1953.
He died from a heart ailment in Durham, North Carolina in 1954.
London's early work with Walter Heitler on chemical bonding is now treated in any textbook on physical chemistry.
This paper was the first to properly explain the bonding in a homonuclear molecule as H. It is no coincidence that the Heitler–London work appeared shortly after the introduction of quantum mechanics by Heisenberg and Schrödinger, because quantum mechanics was crucial in their explanation of the covalent bond.
Another necessary ingredient was the realization that electrons are indistinguishable, as expressed in the Pauli principle.
Other early work of London was in the area of intermolecular forces.
He coined the expression "dispersion effect" for the attraction between two rare gas atoms at large (say about 1 nanometer) distance from each other.
Nowadays this attraction is often referred to as "London force".
In 1930 he gave (together with R. Eisenschitz) a unified treatment of the interaction between two noble gas atoms that attract each other at large distance, but repel each other at short distances.
Eisenschitz and London showed that this repulsion is a consequence of enforcing the electronic wavefunction to be antisymmetric under electron permutations.
This antisymmetry is required by the Pauli principle and the fact that electrons are fermions.
For atoms and nonpolar molecules, the London dispersion force is the only intermolecular force, and is responsible for their existence in liquid and solid states.
For polar molecules, this force is one part of the van der Waals force, along with forces between the permanent molecular dipole moments.
London was the first theoretical physicist to make the fundamental, and at the time controversial, suggestion that superfluidity is intrinsically related to the Einstein condensation of bosons, a phenomenon now known as Bose–Einstein condensation.
Bose recognized that the statistics of massless photons could also be applied to massive particles; he did not contribute to the theory of the condensation of bosons.
London was also one of the early authors (including Schrödinger) to have properly understood the principle of local gauge invariance (Weyl) in the context of the then new quantum mechanics.
London predicted the effect of flux quantization in superconductors and with his brother Heinz postulated that the electrodynamics of superconductors is described by a massive field.
I.e.
that whilst magnetic flux is expelled from a superconductor, this happens exponentially over a finite length with an exponent which is now called the London penetration depth.
London also developed a theory of a rotational response of a superconductor, pointing out that rotation of a superconductor generates magnetic field London moment.
This effect is used in models of rotational dynamics of neutron stars.
Since 1956, the Fritz London Memorial Lectures have brought to the scientific community at Duke University a distinguished group of lecturers including twenty Nobel laureates.
The scientific interests of each lecturer impinge at one or more points upon the various fields of physics and chemistry to which Fritz London contributed.
In December 1972, John Bardeen, two-time winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, established an endowment fund "to perpetuate the memory of Fritz London, distinguished scientist and member of the Duke faculty from 1939 to the time of his death in 1954, and to promote research and understanding of Physics at Duke University and in the wider scientific community".
The fund is to be used to (1) underwrite the Fritz London Memorial Prize, given in recognition of outstanding contributions in Low Temperature Physics and (2) provide support for the London Memorial Lectures at Duke University.
Congress of Soviets
The Congress of Soviets was the supreme governing body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and several other Soviet republics from 1917 to 1936 and again from 1989 to 1991.
After the creation of the Soviet Union, the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union functioned as its legislative branch until its dissolution in 1936.
Its initial full name was the "Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies.
It was also sometimes known as the "Congress of People's Deputies."
The Congress of Soviets was an assembly of representatives of local councils.
In theory, it was the supreme power of the Soviet State, an organ of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
No bourgeois, no noble, no aristocrat, no priest could vote – only working people.
Officially, the Congress of Soviets created laws and elected the Council of People's Commissars, which was the government.
In the interim its functions were performed by designated executive bodies, see VTsIK.
In practice the Congress became increasingly deferential to the Bolsheviks after the Russian Revolution.
By the time of Lenin's death in 1924 the Congress of Soviets effectively only rubber-stamped the decisions of the Communist Party and served as a propaganda tribune.
The 1936 Constitution eliminated the Congress of Soviets, making the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union its highest legislative institution.
During this time the Central Committee of the AUCP(b) held de facto control over the government.
The Bolsheviks convened an All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies in Kiev, on December 17, 1917, and in Kharkiv on December 25, 1917 (see "Ukraine after the Russian Revolution").
Patrick Duffy
Patrick George Duffy (born March 17, 1949) is an American actor, best known for his role on the CBS primetime soap opera "Dallas", where he played Bobby Ewing, the youngest son of Miss Ellie and the nicest brother of J.R. Ewing (played by Barbara Bel Geddes and Larry Hagman respectively) from 1978 to 1985 and from 1986 to 1991.
Duffy returned to reprise his role as Bobby in a continuation of "Dallas", which aired on TNT from 2012 to 2014.
He is also well known for his role on the ABC sitcom "Step by Step" as Frank Lambert, from 1991 to 1998, and for his role as Stephen Logan on the CBS daytime soap opera "The Bold and the Beautiful" (2006-2011).
Duffy played the lead character's father in the 2014 NBC sitcom "Welcome to Sweden".
Duffy was born in Townsend, Montana, in 1949, the son of tavern owners Marie and Terence Duffy.
During high school, Duffy was living in Everett, Washington, and attended Cascade High School.
At Cascade, he participated in the Drama Club and the Pep Club, for which he was a Yell King.
Academically, Duffy earned credentials in theater arts that entitled him to teach, graduating from the University of Washington in 1971 with a degree in drama.
He ruptured both his vocal cords during his senior year of college, so he created the position of actor-in-residence, where he worked as an interpreter for ballet, opera, and orchestra companies in Washington.
He also taught mime and movement classes during this period.
In 1977, Duffy landed the role of Mark Harris in the short-lived television series "Man from Atlantis".
Following the series' cancellation in early 1978, he got his big break in the role of Bobby Ewing, opposite Barbara Bel Geddes and Larry Hagman, on the soap opera "Dallas".
The show became a worldwide success.
Despite its success, Duffy opted to leave the series in 1985 with his character being killed off onscreen.
However, with both the show and his career on the decline, he returned in 1986 in the infamous shower scene that rendered the entire 1985–1986 season "just a dream."
Duffy then remained with the series until its cancellation in 1991.
He also appeared in several episodes of the spin-off series "Knots Landing" between 1979–82.
Throughout the 13-year run of "Dallas", Duffy directed several episodes of the series.
Along with "Dallas" fame, Duffy has also tried his hand at singing, and in 1983, he had a hit in Europe with "Together We're Strong", a duet with French female singer Mireille Mathieu.
The single reached #5 in the Netherlands in April 1983.
At the end of "Dallas"' run in 1991, Duffy began another television role, as Frank Lambert on the family sitcom, "Step by Step" in which he co-starred with Suzanne Somers.
The series ran until 1998, and Duffy also directed numerous episodes.
Also in the 1990s, he appeared in two "Dallas" reunion television movies; "" (1996) and "" (1998), both of which he also co-produced.
He has reunited on several occasions with many of his "Dallas" co-stars both onscreen and off, most notably for the non-fiction television special "" in 2004.
Duffy later continued to act in the occasional guest or voice acting appearance, including the series "Family Guy" (in which he appeared in a live action scene with Victoria Principal as they spoofed the "Dallas" shower scene), as well as "Justice League" and "Touched by an Angel".
Duffy starred in the television movies "Falling in Love With the Girl Next Door" and "Desolation Canyon".
In 2006, he began a recurring role on the daytime soap opera "The Bold and the Beautiful" as Stephen Logan.
From April to July 2008, he hosted "Bingo America", a partially interactive game show on GSN.
Duffy reprised his role as Bobby Ewing in TNT's remake of "Dallas".
The series aired from 2012 to 2014.
Duffy played a surreal double of Bobby Ewing in the experimental documentary "Hotel Dallas", directed by artist duo Ungur & Huang.
The film premiered at the 2016 Berlin International Film Festival.
Duffy married Carlyn Rosser, a professional ballerina 10 years his senior, in a Soka Gakkai International Buddhist ceremony on February 15, 1974.
They lived near Eagle Point, Oregon, with their sons Padraic Terence Duffy (b.
1974) and Conor Frederick Duffy (b.
1979).
They also had four grandchildren.
In June 2017 Patrick Duffy confirmed that Carlyn had died on January 23, 2017.
Duffy has been an avid collector of antique dolls and children's books.
He converted to Nichiren Buddhism and began chanting Nam Myōhō Renge Kyō at the approximate time of his earliest encounters with his wife, who was then a ballet dancer with the First Chamber Dance Company of New York.
He and his family are longtime members of the Buddhist organization Soka Gakkai International.
Duffy's nephew is Major League Baseball pitcher Barry Zito.
On November 18, 1986, Duffy's parents were murdered by two young men, Kenneth Miller and Sean Wentz, during an armed robbery of the Boulder, Montana, tavern which his parents owned.
Wentz and Miller, who were teenagers at the time, were convicted of the murders and sentenced to 75 years in prison.
In 2001, Miller appeared before the Montana Parole board after Sean Wentz recanted his original story, admitting that he was the sole gunman.
Miller was denied clemency in 2001 but was released on parole in December 2007.