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PEAK empowers students to design their own curriculum within a structure that gives both breadth and depth to their education."
The curriculum was implemented in the Fall of 2010.
It is made up of four different peaks: humanities & fine arts, social sciences & history, natural sciences & mathematics, and professional studies & enhancement.
Each student under this curriculum is required to major in one of the four peaks, while minoring in the other three.
The academic calendar provides opportunities for experimental as well as conventional approaches to learning.
During the fall and spring terms traditionally formatted courses are offered over a twelve-week term.
Each twelve-week term is segmented by a one-week break in the middle of the term, usually following midterms.
Between the fall and spring terms, a four-week winter session is offered that stresses experimentation, innovation, creative teaching, and imaginative learning using tutorials, seminars, or independent research methods.
Before the PEAK Curriculum was implemented in the Fall of 2010, the winter session was six weeks long.
The college has more than 50 student clubs and organizations, with an active student government, the Associated Students of The College of Idaho (ASCI) and strong intramural and club sports programs.
Intramural sports include: basketball, soccer, softball and flag football.
The College's Outdoor Program takes advantage of Idaho's geography and include backpacking, hiking, fly fishing, camping, winter camping, snowshoeing, kayaking, rafting, rock climbing, backcountry skiing, inner tubing, and stargazing.
The Outdoor Program leads week-long trips during the breaks between terms and after midterms.
Other student organizations include student government, the Resident Hall Association, the Student Philanthropy Council, Campus Ministries, the International Student Organization, etc.
Some on-campus clubs are Circle K International, Swing Dance Club, Students for Life, and Philotech to name a few.
The college has three fraternities: Delta Tau Delta, Kappa Sigma, and Sigma Chi, and four sororities: Gamma Phi Beta, Kappa Alpha Theta, Kappa Kappa Gamma, and Sigma Epsilon.
The College of Idaho is a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) and United States Collegiate Ski and Snowboard Association (USCSA).
The College primarily competes in the Cascade Collegiate Conference (CCC), although it is a member of the Frontier Conference for football, the Pacific Northwest Collegiate Lacrosse League (PNCLL) for men's lacrosse and the Northwest Collegiate Ski Conference (NWCSC) for men's and women's skiing.
In 2014, the C of I reinstated its football program after a 37-year hiatus.
The Coyote is the school's mascot, but C of I teams are often referred to as the "Yotes."
The College offers 10 men's and 10 women's sports:
Men's sports
Women's sports
Since 2011, C of I student-athletes have won 23 national championships.
The men's and women's ski teams have won 48 individual and team national championships while competing in the Northwest Collegiate Ski Conference of the United States Collegiate Ski and Snowboard Association.
The College's track and cross country teams have won 13 individual and relay national titles.
The men's baseball team has qualified for postseason play every year since 1987, winning the Division II NAIA national men's basketball championship in 1998.
The men's basketball team won the 1996 NAIA Division II national title.
The men's basketball team is currently coached by former UCLA assistant coach Scott Garson and has earned back-to-back Cascade Conference championships and NAIA National Tournament appearances while going undefeated on its home floor.
In 2014, the C of I football team ranked No.
2 in the NAIA for attendance with more than 4,500 fans per game.
The men's lacrosse team has also won back to back PNCLL D II conference championships, in 2018 and 2019.
All 19 of The College of Idaho's NAIA teams were honored as NAIA Scholar Team for 2008-09 season.
Each team maintained an average GPA of at least 3.0.
This set an all-time NAIA record for number of Scholar Teams in one season.
C of I student-athletes continue to earn high marks in the class room and are among the annual leaders in scholar-athlete and academic All-America honorees.
The College of Idaho houses the Orma J. Smith Museum of Natural History in William Judson Boone Science Hall.
It is the only natural history museum for southwestern Idaho, southeastern Oregon, and northern Nevada.
The natural history museum serves three main purposes: to support the educational programs at The College of Idaho, to provide a resource to the community, and to house resources for scientific research.
Orma J. Smith taught chemistry, zoology, and geology in the early 1900s.
A small museum was established in the 1930s to house his collections but was closed in 1963.
It was reopened in 1976 in the basement of Boone Hall, driven by the need to house collections from the College of Idaho expeditions led by Dr. Robert Bratz and the current director, William H. Clark.
Since the ‘70s, the Museum has been staffed primarily by volunteers, many the College of Idaho alums, and students.
The first Saturday is dedicated to Museum Workdays, where the museum is open for work with Museum staff.
A monthly education seminar takes place at noon on Workdays.
The museum is a repository for some very large regional collections.
Among the alumni who have become elected officials, successful business owners, and other community leaders are two former governors, a Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, an Academy Award-winning musician, seven Rhodes Scholars, 14 Truman, Marshall and Goldwater Scholars, the founder of Albertson's Inc. and the co-founder of Patagonia Outerwear
The personal papers of Robert E. Smylie and the legislative papers of former senator Steve Symms are located at the College.
The Steunenberg Papers, which detail Idaho's Trial of the Century, were recently donated to the Archives.
The College of Idaho archivist is photographic artist/historian Jan Boles (College of Idaho '65).
Idaho's Gem and Mineral Collection is located at the Orma J. Smith Natural History Museum at the College.
Jewett Auditorium hosts the Caldwell Fine Arts Series which was founded in 1961 as a co-operative effort between the college and community leaders to present world class events and artists.
The performances sponsored by the Caldwell Fine Arts Series have included a wide variety of disciplines: solo artists, chamber music, orchestra, theater, opera, ballet, ethnic dance and jazz.
Jewett Auditorium was built to house a three manual pipe organ donated by the Jewett family.
The interior of the auditorium was designed for acoustical excellence and seats 850 people.
The building was completed in 1962 with funds from the Presbyterian Synod of Idaho and the Jewett Foundation.
Jewett Auditorium also serves as the home stage of Music Theatre of Idaho and Dreamweaver Musical Theatre.
The College of Idaho Langroise Trio was founded in 1991 from the Gladys Langroise Advised Fund.
Samuel Smith, David Johnson, and Geoffrey Trabichoff make up the trio as artists-in-residence at The College of Idaho.
Samuel Smith has been principal cellist of the Ft. Wayne Philharmonic where he was a frequent soloist and a member of the Freimann Quartet.
Samuel was also a cellist for the Grant Park Symphony of Chicago.
He has served as assistant principal cellist of the Florida Symphony, and has been on the adjunct faculty at Anderson College and the summer faculty at Ball State University.
David Johnson has been principal violist of the Iceland Symphony and the Ft. Wayne Philharmonic, and a member of the Freimann Quartet.
David was assistant principal violist for the Grant Park Symphony in Chicago and holds a Master of Music degree from Indiana University.
He has been a featured soloist on numerous occasions and a featured artist on Iceland National Radio Broadcasts.
Geoffrey Trabichoff is Concertmaster of the Boise Philharmonic.
He is the former concertmaster of the BBC Scottish Symphony and former leader of the Paragon Ensemble of Scotland.
Geoffrey has broadcast numerous concertos for the BBC.
He has been guest concertmaster of the Royal Philharmonic and the London Symphony as well as the Northern Sinfonia, BBC Welsh and BBC Philharmonic Orchestras.
He also served as concertmaster of the Mannheim Chamber and Hanover State Orchestras in Germany.
Renal corpuscle
A renal corpuscle is the blood-filtering component of the nephron of the kidney.
It consists of a glomerulus - a tuft of capillaries composed of endothelial cells, and a glomerular capsule known as Bowman's capsule.
The renal corpuscle is composed of two structures, the glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule.
The glomerulus is a small tuft of capillaries containing two cell types.
Endothelial cells, which have large fenestrae, are not covered by diaphragms.
Mesangial cells are modified smooth muscle cells that lie between the capillaries.
They regulate blood flow by their contractile activity and secrete extracellular matrix, prostaglandins, and cytokines.
Mesangial cells also have phagocytic activity, removing proteins and other molecules trapped in the glomerular basement membrane or filtration barrier.
The Bowman's capsule has an outer parietal layer composed of simple squamous epithelium.
The visceral layer, composed of modified simple squamous epithelium, is lined by podocytes.
Podocytes have foot processes, pedicels, that wrap around glomerular capillaries.
These pedicels interdigitate with pedicels of adjacent podocytes forming filtration slits.
There are two poles in the renal corpuscle, a vascular pole and a urinary pole.
The vascular pole is a location of the glomerulus.
At the vascular pole, the afferent arterioles and efferent arterioles enter and leave the glomerulus in the Bowman's capsule.
The urinary pole is at the other end opposite to the vascular pole.
At the urinary pole, the proximal convoluted tubule arises.
The renal corpuscle acts to filter blood.
Fluid from blood in the glomerulus is collected in the Bowman's capsule to form "glomerular filtrate", which is then further processed along the nephron to form urine.
It does this via a filtration barrier.
The renal corpuscle filtration barrier is composed of: the fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillaries, the fused basal lamina of endothelial cells and podocytes, and the filtration slits of the podocytes.
This barrier permits passage of water, ions, and small molecules from the bloodstream into Bowman's space (the space between the visceral and parietal layers).
Large and/or negatively charged proteins are prevented from passing into Bowman's space, thus retaining these proteins in the circulation.
The basal lamina is composed of 3 layers: lamina rara externa, lamina densa, and lamina rara interna.
The lamina rara externa is adjacent to the podocyte processes.
The lamina densa is the central layer consisting of type IV collagen and laminin.
This layer acts as a selective macromolecular filter, preventing the passage of large protein molecules into Bowman's space.
The lamina rara interna is adjacent to endothelial cells.
This layer contains heparan sulfate, a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan that contributes to the electrostatic barrier of the glomerular filter.