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6900137 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annalena%20Tonelli | Annalena Tonelli | Annalena Tonelli (2 April 1943 – 5 October 2003) was an Italian lawyer and social activist. She worked for 33 years in East Africa, where she focused on tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, campaigns for eradication of female genital mutilation, and special schools for hearing-impaired, blind and disabled children. In June 2003, Tonelli was awarded the Nansen Refugee Award, which is given annually by the UNHCR to recognize outstanding service to the cause of refugees. In October 2003, she was killed inside her hospital by two gunmen. She is a candidate for sainthood within the Catholic Church in Somalia
Biography
Annalena Tonelli was born in 1943 in Forlì, Italy. She studied Law, becoming a lawyer after graduation.
After "six years of service to poor people of the suburbs, to orphan children, mentally or physically disabled or abused kids" of her own town, in 1969, the then 25-year-old Tonelli went to Africa supported by the Committee Against World Hunger of Forlì, that she had helped to start its activity.
Kenya
Wajir
In 1969, Tonelli moved to Kenya, where she began working as a teacher at Wajir Secondary School. After some years studied to be a nurse to and spent over a decade in the town of Wajir caring for the destitute and ill.
Already in 1976, Tonelli became responsible for a World Health Organization (WHO) pilot project for treating tuberculosis in nomadic people. Tonelli invited nomadic tuberculotic patients to camp in front of the Rehabilitation Centre for Disabled she was running with other female volunteers who joined her to serve poliomyelitic, blind, deaf-mute, and disabled people. This approach guaranteed patients' compliance in taking the therapy over the needed six-month treatment, and it was adopted by WHO as DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy Short).
Tonelli also created a deaf school in Wajir whose graduates have gone to other parts of Somali-speaking Africa to start schools. At this Wajir deaf school was born Somali Sign Language for the first time.
In 1984, following political and inter-clan clashes, the army of Kenya started a repression campaign against the Degodia Somali clan in the Wajir area known as the Wagalla Massacre. The Degodia were suspected of being Shifta or bandits along the roadways. The Kenyan military rounded up 5000 men and boys and brought them to the Wagalla Airstrip and forced them to lie on the stomachs naked for 5 days. Possibly a thousand were shot, tortured or died of exposure. Annalena brought a couple lorries and her Toyota Serf to the Wagalla Airstrip and attempted to collect the bodies and treat the wounded but was refused. Later she followed the tracks of the military vehicles who were dumping the bodies outside the Wagalla Airstrip. Some were not dead and she rescued them. She brought a journalist to photograph the genocide. She smuggled the photos out with Barbara Lefkow, the wife of an American diplomat to put pressure on the international community. The public denunciation by Annalena Tonelli helped to stop the killings but not before thousands died. The Wagalla Massacre is Kenya's worst human rights violation in its history. Arrested and taken in front of a martial court she was told that the fact she escaped two ambushes was not a guarantee to survive a third one. Due to Tonelli's vehement protests over the Kenyan military's use of violence against the Wajir community, the Kenyan authorities refused to extend her work permit. Tonelli subsequently relocated to Somalia.
Somalia and Somaliland
Tonelli first settled in the southern port town of Merca, which during the colonial period was part of Italian Somaliland. She later moved to Borama in the northwestern Awdal region, a town in the former British Somaliland protectorate. Tonelli would spend the next 19 years working in Somalia.
In Borama, Tonelli founded a tuberculosis hospital on the grounds of a colonial period facility. Her family and friends in Italy helped finance the hospital, contributing $20,000 a month for maintenance.
In October 2003, Tonelli was assassinated at the tuberculosis hospital she started in Borama by unknown gunmen. There are several rumors about why she was killed. The most plausible is that she was killed by a group who protested her bringing HIV/AIDS patients into Borama. In November, 2002 hundreds of protesters marched in front of her Borama hospital throwing stones and shouting "Death to Annalena." They felt she was spreading the disease in their city. Other rumors say she was killed by a disgruntled former worker who felt she owed him a job or that she was killed by men belonging to Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya.
Two weeks after Tonelli's assassination, Dick and Enid Eyeington were murdered in their flat at the SOS Sheikh Secondary School in the town of Sheekh, situated in northwestern Somaliland The assassins possibly belonged to the same terror cell. They were reportedly arrested in 2004, tried and sentenced to death under a local court.
Awards
In June 2003, Tonelli was presented the Nansen Refugee Award. The prize is given annually by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to recognize outstanding service to the cause of refugees.
References
External links
Riportiamo la testimonianza della donna che ha operato per lunghi anni in Somalia al servizio dei più bisognosi by Annalena Tonelli
Stronger than Death: How Annalena Tonelli Defied Terror and Tuberculosis in the Horn of Africa, by Rachel Pieh Jones
1943 births
2003 deaths
People from Forlì
Italian activists
Assassinated activists
Assassinated Italian people
Italian people murdered abroad
Italian Servants of God
21st-century venerated Christians
21st-century Roman Catholic martyrs
Italian women lawyers
20th-century Italian lawyers
21st-century Italian lawyers
HIV/AIDS activists
20th-century women lawyers
21st-century women lawyers
October 2003 crimes
October 2003 events in Africa
Nansen Refugee Award laureates |
23571608 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantabile%20%28symphonic%20suite%29 | Cantabile (symphonic suite) | Cantabile is a work composed from 2004 to 2009 by Frederik Magle. It consists of three symphonic poems (or movements) based on poems written by Henrik, the Prince Consort of Denmark published in his book Cantabile. The Cantabile suite was commissioned by the Danish Royal Family and the first movement was premiered in 2004. The second and third movements were premiered on June 10, 2009 at a concert in the Copenhagen Concert Hall celebrating Prince Henrik's 75th birthday. On both occasions the music was performed by the Danish National Symphony Orchestra and Choir, conducted by Thomas Dausgaard.
The music alternates between the sorrowful, which - according to the Prince Consort's biography (2010) - being unexpected at a birthday concert, caused unease among some of the guests present at the first performance of the Cortège & Danse Macabre in 2009, and sudden bursts of humour.
Besides the original text by Prince Henrik in French, a Danish translation by Per Aage Brandt is also used in the work, and at places French and Danish is being sung at the same time.
Structure
The three symphonic poems/movements forming the suite are:
Souffle le vent (based on the poem Souffle le vent - English: Cry of the Winds)
Cortège & Danse Macabre (based on the poem Cortège funèbre (with the subtitle Danse Macabre) - English: Funeral procession / Dance of Death)
Carillon (based on the poems L'Angélus and Lacrymae mundi - English: The Angelus and Tears of the World)
Instrumentation
Orchestration:
3 Flutes (3rd: Piccolo)
2 Oboes (2nd: English Horn)
3 Clarinets,
1 Bass Clarinet
2 Bassoons
1 Contrabassoon
4 Horns
3 Trumpets
3 Trombones
1 Contrabass Tuba
Timpani
3 Percussionists
Harp
Piano (soloist, third movement only)
Organ
Soprano (Soloist)
Bass-baritone (Soloist)
Mixed Choir (S,S,A,A,T,T,B,B)
Strings
In the Carillon, the basses of the choir are required to sing the A below the bass-clef (27 notes below the middle C). Instruments of special note: The use of a giraffe's thigh bone as a percussion instrument in the Cortège & Danse Macabre.
References
External links
French and Danish texts, music downloads, etc.
Compositions by Frederik Magle
Symphonic poems
Orchestral suites
Music for orchestra and organ
2009 compositions
Choral compositions
21st-century classical music
Death in music
Music based on poems |
20464949 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Argentine%20legislative%20election | 2009 Argentine legislative election | Legislative elections were held in Argentina for half the seats in the Chamber of Deputies and a third (24) of the seats in the Senate on 28 June 2009, as well as for the legislature of the City of Buenos Aires and other municipalities.
Background
The elections were due to have been held on 25 October 2009. In March 2009, the Mayor of Buenos Aires, Mauricio Macri, moved to bring forward the date of elections to the Buenos Aires City Legislature to June 28, saying that it would increase transparency and democratic quality. Opposition figures criticised the decision, suggesting Macri was attempting to consolidate his power in the city, and building the career of his deputy, Gabriela Michetti, expected to head the list for Macri's coalition in the election. Similar changes to the election date had been introduced in the provinces of Santa Fe and Catamarca (March 2009).
Despite the criticism by politicians from Government ranks that Macri had abused the process by unilaterally changing the election date, President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner announced that she too would be introducing legislation to move the date of national elections forward by four months, to June 28. Despite great debate and the defections of some Peronist legislators, the proposal passed its Congressional stages quickly and the date was successfully changed. The Government claimed it would allow politicians to leave behind campaigning priorities and focus on tackling the ongoing local effect of the international financial crisis. Equally controversial was a decision by Front for Victory leader Néstor Kirchner (the current President's husband and predecessor) to advance stand-in candidates - prominent local lawmakers (notably Buenos Aires Province Governor Daniel Scioli, as well as 15 Greater Buenos Aires-area mayors) who, after the election, would be likely to cede their new seats to down-ticket names.
The elections resulted in a setback for the governing, center-left Front for Victory and its allies, which lost their absolute majorities in both houses of Congress. Former President Néstor Kirchner stood as head of his party list in the important Buenos Aires Province. Kirchner's list was defeated, however, by the center-right Republican Proposal (PRO) list headed by businessman Francisco de Narváez; the loss in Buenos Aires Province, though narrow, is significant as the province has been considered a Peronist stronghold and had helped maintain Kirchnerism as the dominant force in Argentine politics since 2003. Buenos Aires Vice Mayor Gabriela Michetti stood as head of the PRO list for the Lower House, and defeated four other prominent parties; the evening's surprise in Buenos Aires, however, was that of filmmaker Fernando Solanas' left-wing Proyecto Sur, which obtained second place.
The Kirchners' leading opposition on the center-left, the Civic Coalition, also made significant gains – particularly in the Senate, where they gained 7 seats. The Front for Victory had already lost 16 Lower House members and 4 Senators on the heels of the 2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector over a proposed rise in export tariffs. The crisis was defused by Vice President Julio Cobos' surprise, tie-breaking vote against them on July 16, 2008; but fallout from the controversy led to the President's distancing from Cobos (who successfully supported his own party list in his native Mendoza Province), a sharp drop in presidential approval ratings, and the aforementioned congressional defections. One especially successful ex-Kirchnerist was Santa Fe Province Senator Carlos Reutemann, who after the agrarian conflict formed Santa Fe Federal. His new party narrowly bested local Socialist Party leader Rubén Giustiniani, who would garner one of Santa Fe's three Senate seats. The Front for Victory retained a plurality in both houses, however (they will, with two allies, be one seat short of an absolute majority in the Senate).
Results
Chamber of Deputies
Results by province
Senate
Results by province
References
External links
2009 elections in Argentina
Elections in Argentina
Presidency of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner |
23571621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worldbeat%20%28album%29 | Worldbeat (album) | Worldbeat is the debut album by Kaoma, released in 1989. It provided three hit singles, two of them achieving success worldwide: "Lambada", "Dançando Lambada" and "Mélodie d'amour". The album is composed of songs in Portuguese, Spanish and English. It was ranked in the top 25 in Switzerland, Germany, Norway, Australia and Austria. It topped the Billboard Latin Pop in the U.S.
Critical reception
The album received generally positive reviews from critics. AllMusic wrote: "Not outstanding but definitely appealing, this CD effectively combines South American elements with dance music/disco, reggae and hip-hop. One hears Chic's influence on the funky 'Sopenala'."
Track listings
"Lambada" — 3:27
"Lambareggae" — 3:52
"Dançando Lambada" — 4:44
"Lambamor" — 4:09
"Lamba caribe" — 4:07
"Mélodie d'amour" — 4:11
"Sindiang" — 3:58
"Sopenala" — 4:28
"Jambé finète (grille)" — 4:26
"Salsa nuestra" — 4:38
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications and sales
See also
List of number-one Billboard Latin Pop Albums from the 1990s
List of best-selling Latin albums
References
1989 debut albums
Kaoma albums |
6900141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Jefferys | Thomas Jefferys | Thomas Jefferys (c. 1719 – 1771), "Geographer to King George III", was an English cartographer who was the leading map supplier of his day. He engraved and printed maps for government and other official bodies and produced a wide range of commercial maps and atlases, especially of North America.
Early work
As "Geographer to the Prince of Wales", he produced A Plan of all the Houses, destroyed & damaged by the Great Fire, which began in Exchange Alley Cornhill, on Friday March 25, 1748. He produced The Small English Atlas with Thomas Kitchin, and he engraved plans of towns in the English Midlands.
Maps of North America
In 1754, Jefferys published a Map of the Most Inhabited Part of Virginia which had been surveyed by Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson in 1751. The next year he published a map of New England surveyed by John Green, and in 1768 he published A General Topography of North America and the West Indies in association with Robert Sayer. In 1775, after his death, collections of his maps were published by Sayer as The American Atlas and The West-India Atlas. The American Atlas was reissued in 1776, expanded in response to growing hostilities between the British and the Americans; it contains maps by Joshua Fry, Peter Jefferson, Lewis Evans, and others.
In 1754, Jefferys took a robust and public stance in the controversy with the French on the boundary of Nova Scotia and Acadia, which arose in the time and context of Father Le Loutre's War, which is commonly held to have begun in 1749 and ended with the expulsion of the Acadians in 1755.
Jefferys posthumously lent his name in 1776 to The American Atlas: Or, A Geographical Description Of The Whole Continent Of America. It contains works by, amongst others, Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson.
Maps of English counties
Jefferys commissioned surveys and published maps of several English counties. These were large-scale maps with several sheets for each county; in the case of Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire the scale was two inches to one mile (1:31680).
Bedfordshire, surveyed 1765 by Scots cartographer John Ainslie, published 1765, reprinted 1983
Huntingdonshire, surveyed 1766, published 1768
Oxfordshire, surveyed 1766-67, published (by Andrew Dury) 1767
County Durham, published 1768
Buckinghamshire, surveyed 1766-68 by John Ainslie, published 1770, reprinted 2000
Westmoreland, surveyed 1768, published 1770
Yorkshire, surveyed 1767-70 by John Ainslie, published 1771-72
Cumberland, surveyed 1770-71, published 1774
Northamptonshire, survey (originally by Thomas Eyre) revised 1771, published 1779
After the death of Jefferys, these maps were re-issued by other map publishers such as William Faden.
See also
Sea of the West
References
1719 births
1771 deaths
English cartographers
18th-century geographers
18th-century English people
18th-century cartographers |
23571626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealNetworks | RealNetworks | RealNetworks, Inc. is a provider of artificial intelligence and computer vision based products. RealNetworks was a pioneer in Internet streaming software and services. They are based in Seattle, Washington, United States. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services.
History
RealNetworks (then known as Progressive Networks) was founded in 1994 by Rob Glaser, an ex-Microsoft executive, and a management team including Phil Barrett, Andy Sharpless, and Stephen Buerkle. The original goal of the company was to provide a distribution channel for politically progressive content. It evolved into a technology venture to leverage the Internet as an alternative distribution medium for audio broadcasts. Progressive Networks became RealNetworks in September 1997, in advance of the company's initial public offering (IPO) in October 1997 when shares of the company started trading on Nasdaq as "RNWK".
RealNetworks were pioneers in the streaming media markets and broadcast one of the earlier audio events over the Internet, a baseball game between the New York Yankees and Seattle Mariners on September 5, 1995. They announced streaming video technology in 1997. According to some accounts, by 2000 more than 85% of streaming content on the Internet was in the Real format.
Despite this success, problems arose because RealNetworks's primary business model depended upon the sale of streaming media server software, and Microsoft and Apple were giving those products away. As servers from Microsoft and Apple became more capable, Real's server sales inevitably eroded.
In RealNetworks, Inc. v. Streambox, Inc. in January 2000, RealNetworks filed an injunction against Streambox, Inc. regarding the that company's product designed to convert Real Audio (.rm) formatted files to other formats. On December 4, 2001, the company was to launch the first coordinated effort to sell and deliver music from major record labels over the Internet, part of a broader initiative by the company to develop subscription Internet services aimed at Web users with fast Internet connections. In 2002, a strategic alliance was formed between RealNetworks and Sony Corporation to expand collaboration.
In October 2005, Microsoft agreed to pay RealNetworks $460 million to settle an antitrust lawsuit.
In August 2003, RealNetworks acquired Listen.com's Rhapsody music service, and renamed it RealRhapsody. It offered streaming music downloads for a monthly fee. In January 2004, RealNetworks announced the RealPlayer Music Store, featuring digital rights management (DRM) restricted music in the AAC file format. After some initial tries to push their own DRM scheme (named Helix DRM) onto all device manufacturers with the Creative Zen Xtra and the Sansa e200r as the only existing compliant devices, they sparked controversy by introducing a technology called Harmony that allowed their music to play on iPods as well as Microsoft Windows Media Audio DRM-equipped devices using a "wrapper" that would convert Helix DRM into the two other target DRM schemes.
The domain real.com attracted at least 67 million visitors annually by 2008, according to a Compete.com study.
On April 6, 2010, Rhapsody was spun off from RealNetworks.
In July 2013, RealNetworks acquired Slingo for $15.6 million. The company introduced a mobile phone app called Listen in April 2014 that plays custom ringtones to those calling the user's phone.
Notable RealNetworks employees have included Alex Alben; the first Chief Privacy Officer of Washington State; Tony Fadell, the inventor of the iPod; musician Daniel House; and Philip Rosedale, the founder of Linden Lab.
Headquarters
RealNetworks has its headquarters in Seattle, Washington, in the Home Plate Center building in SoDo across from T-Mobile Park, sharing the building with local television station KING-TV and Logic 20/20 Consulting.
Products and services
SAFR
Launched by RealNetworks on July 17, 2018, SAFR – Secure Accurate Facial Recognition, is a machine learning facial recognition platform. The SAFR platform was updated in 2020 with COVID-19 response features, including the ability to detect whether a person is wearing a mask and identify people wearing masks with 98.85 percent accuracy. On April 27, 2021, SAFR received a grant from the US Air Force to develop its AI-powered analytics for rescue missions, perimeter protection and domestic search operations.
Kontxt
In 2017, RealNetworks launched Kontxt, a product that offers management of text messaging in mobile networks. It identifies the content of the message and sorts it into categories to determine which ones are more important, and prioritize message delivery. In March 2021, RealNetworks unveiled KONTXT for Voice to identify and stop scam robocalls.
RealTimes (formerly RealPlayer Cloud)
RealNetworks on September 24, 2013, launched RealPlayer Cloud, a service that adds the ability to share videos recorded on smartphones and tablets. RealPlayer Cloud ties into the existing RealPlayer; however, it also has a Web app and apps for Android, iOS and Roku. The service has 2GB of free cloud storage and more storage for a monthly fee. It was renamed to RealTimes on May 19, 2015, with a new focus on creating and sharing "Stories"—video collages of users' personal photos and videos, set to background music.
GameHouse
RealNetworks entered the computer game market in October 2001 with RealArcade, a PC game distribution application that allows users to play casual video games for free for 60 minutes, then decide if they want to purchase it. Many of the games were developed by GameHouse, which RealNetworks acquired for $35.6 million in 2004. In 2010, RealNetworks re-branded its games division under the name Gamehouse. It began focusing on social games, such as Facebook applets, and in 2013 acquired casual casino games company, Slingo, for $15.6 million.
RealDVD
On September 30, 2008, RealNetworks launched a new product called RealDVD. The software allows any user to save a copy of a DVD movie they own. The company was later found to have violated the Digital Millennium Copyright Act and RealNetworks' contract with the DVD Copy Control Association, as the software also allowed anyone to save a movie they do not legally own. (See RealNetworks, Inc. v. DVD Copy Control Ass'n, Inc.). The product's distribution was barred by a court injunction.
Real Alternative
Real Alternative is a discontinued software bundle that allows users to play RealMedia files without installing RealPlayer. The last version, 2.02, was released on February 19, 2010. It included Media Player Classic.
Beginning in 2010, RealNetworks sued Hilbrand Edskes, a 26-year-old Dutch webmaster for having inserted hyperlinks to Real Alternative on his site www.codecpack.nl. RealNetworks alleges that Real Alternative is a reverse engineered package.
In November 2011, RealNetworks' case against Edskes was dismissed and RealNetworks was ordered to pay him €48,000 in damages. Details of the case and judgement have been published. The case was reopened in 2013, when further proof showed that Edskes was after all involved in creating and uploading Real Alternative.
Helix
Helix is a suite of streaming media software and services intended for digital TV set-top boxes, mobile devices, as well as QuickTime, Flash and other programs. It includes the Helix open-source code and the Helix Universal Server, which hosts, distributes and manages digital rights for multimedia content. Helix competes with the Windows Media 9 Series from Microsoft, but has a greater emphasis on open-source. Helix was announced in July 2002. Support for mobile devices was added in November 2005. It was discontinued in October 2014.
Subscription services
In 2000, one of the initial products, the download manager RealDownload, was already used for pushing small software, such as games, to subscribers' computers. On top of the subscription for RealDownload and using its RealVideo streaming technology, a service called GoldPass, including unlimited access for video snippets from ABC and movie previews, was offered to registered users for a monthly $10 fee. More content was added through deals with CBS for the reality show Big Brother and NBA basketball.
Other products and technologies
RealAudio, a compressed audio format
RealDownloader, a download manager
RealPlayer, a media player
RealVideo, a compressed video format
Rinse, a digital music library cleanup tool
Unifi, a personal cloud media service
Mobile entertainment and messaging services for mobile carriers
See also
United States v. ASCAP
Trymedia
References
External links
Entertainment companies of the United States
Streaming software
Software companies based in Seattle
Mass media companies established in 1994
Software companies established in 1994
American companies established in 1994
1994 establishments in Washington (state)
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
Software companies of the United States |
23571628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C8H18O2 | C8H18O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C8H18O2}}
The molecular formula C8H18O2 (molar mass: 146.22 g/mol) may refer to:
Di-tert-butyl peroxide
2-Hexoxyethanol
Etohexadiol, an ectoparasiticide
Octanediols
1,2-Octanediol
1,8-Octanediol |
17327838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mountains%20in%20China | List of mountains in China | The following is an incomplete list of mountains in the People's Republic of China, sorted in alphabetical order. Some of these mountains that are claimed by the PRC, including those under the control of the Republic of China and those disputed with other countries, such as Mount Everest, are noted after the list.
List
See also
Geography of China
Sacred Mountains of China
Mountains of Southwest China
References
China
China
China
Mountains |
6900142 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragosa%20Beach | Fragosa Beach | Fragosa Beach (Praia da Fragosa in Portuguese) is an extensive maritime beach of Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. It is located in the parish of A Ver-o-Mar. The beach is popular in the summer, but very calm during winter. The beach has white sand and no or very few rocks.
In front of the beach there's Forcado Islet, small and rocky, the islet has the shape of a camel's double hump.
External links
Fragosa Beach in Google Maps
Beaches of Póvoa de Varzim |
6900143 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mystery%20of%20the%2099%20Steps | The Mystery of the 99 Steps | The Mystery of the 99 Steps is the forty-third volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1966 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Nancy looks for a flight of the 99 steps in France to solve the mystery of a friend's strange dream. Before Nancy, Bess, and George leaves the United States for France, a person calling himself Monsieur Neuf warns Nancy not to pursue her mission.
The girls arrive in Paris and join Nancy’s father, who is trying to find out who or what is causing wealthy financier Monsieur Leblanc to selling large amounts of securities.
Nancy determines that the case she is investigating involving the 99 steps is linked to the case her father is following. Nancy thinks that Monsieur Leblanc could be being blackmailed.
Startling discoveries convince the youn that Mr. Drew's case and her own mystery are linked by the 99 steps, and that a mysterious Arab has a strong hold over Leblanc. Nancy thinks it could be blackmail.
Nancy goes to an area in the Loire Valley to look for more clues, and Nancy, Bess, and George wind up in danger.
External links
1966 American novels
1966 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Novels set in the Loire Valley
Children's mystery novels |
23571629 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonhyo%20Bridge | Wonhyo Bridge | The Wonhyo Bridge crosses the Han River in South Korea and connects the districts of Yongsan-gu and Yeongdeungpo-gu. The bridge was completed in . It was the 13th to be built on the Han River.
History
July 1978: Construction started
October 27, 1981: Wonhyo Bridge opened
December 10, 1981: Introduction of toll fees
February 1, 1983: Dongah Construction donated Wonhyo Bridge to the Seoul Metropolitan City, and collection of toll fees discontinued
Toll Fees
Toll fees were collected from December 10, 1981, but the flow of traffic was rather low, as vehicles avoided crossing the bridge due to the imposition of the toll fees. In fact, the toll fees collected were barely adequate to supply power for the street lamps, and on February 1, 1983, Dongah Construction donated the bridge to Seoul Metropolitan City. After the ownership rights were donated, the toll gates were removed.
Film Appearances
Wonhyo Bridge was selected as the set for a fighting scene included in the 2006 Korean film The Host directed by Bong Joon-ho. In the movie, Wonhyo Bridge was where the creature was hiding, and where the daughter of the main character was kidnapped. The reason for selecting this location was that it fit well with the film's concept of a sewer under a bridge, and the external appearance of Wonhyo Bridge is more dynamic than other bridges, and this added tension.
References
Yeouido
Yongsan District
Bridges in Seoul
Bridges completed in 1981
Bridges over the Han River (Korea) |
20464954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lute%20Song%20%28musical%29 | Lute Song (musical) | Lute Song is a 1946 American musical with a book by Sidney Howard and Will Irwin, music by Raymond Scott, and lyrics by Bernard Hanighen. It is based on the 14th-century Chinese play Tale of the Pipa (Pi-Pa-Ji) by Gao Ming. Though not a great success, the show is significant for Mary Martin's meeting of then-unknown cast member Yul Brynner, whom she later recommended to her friends Rodgers and Hammerstein for the role of the Siamese monarch in the classic The King and I, which premiered on Broadway in 1951. It was also the only Broadway appearance of Nancy Davis, future U.S. First Lady Nancy Reagan.
Development
Cyril Birch, collaborator in a translation of The Peach Blossom Fan, wrote that presumably the basis of the American play was the 1846 Antoine (A. P. L.) Bazin French translation of the Chinese play Tale of the Pipa.
Plot
The plot focuses on Tsai-Yong (Cai Yong), a young student who leaves his wife Tchao-Ou-Niang and parents to make a name for himself. He becomes a notable magistrate, but when he marries Princess Nieou-Chi, he is forbidden by her father to contact his family. His impoverished parents die of starvation during a famine, and Tchao-Ou-Niang is forced to sell her hair to pay for their funeral. She ultimately is reunited with her husband by Nieou-Chi, and is welcomed to the palace as his #1 wife.
Unlike the original work, Tsai-Yong has to decide between love and filial piety. Ultimately Tsai-Yong and Tchao-Ou-Niang are united.
Production
The Broadway production was directed by John Houseman and was produced by Michael Meyerberg. It opened at the Plymouth Theatre on February 6, 1946 and closed on June 8 of the same year after running for 142 performances. Scenic, costume, and lighting design were by Robert Edmond Jones.
The cast included Yul Brynner as Tsai-Yong, Mary Martin as Tchao-Ou-Niang, Mildred Dunnock and Augustin Duncan as the parents, and Helen Craig as Nieou-Chi. Appearing as Si-Tchun, a Lady-in-Waiting, was Nancy Davis, making her first and only Broadway appearance.
A London production opened at the Winter Garden on October 11, 1948, produced by Albert de Courville and starring Brynner and Dolly Haas.
One factor in the change to the ending was the efforts of Mary Martin and her husband Richard Halliday, who acted as her manager, because of the belief that "'sharing a man was unworthy of a star of Mary's magnitude'".
Song list
Act 1
Mountain High, Valley Low ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang and Tsai-Yong
Monkey See, Monkey Do ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang
Where You Are ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang
Act 2
Willow Tree ..... Tsai-Yong
Vision Song ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang and Tsai-Yong
Bitter Harvest ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang
Act 3
Mountain High, Valley Low (Reprise) ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang
Lute Song ..... Tchao-Ou-Niang
Decca Records released an album containing six tracks - four vocals by Martin and two instrumentals - on three 78 RPM records.
Critical reception
Time called it "the season's loveliest production and most charming failure [that] never quite catches the inner glow of art or the outward stir of theater." It continued, "There should have been either less spectacle or less story. As it is, the old tale is retold at considerable length, but loses much of its flow and human feeling through gorgeous interruptions and sumptuous distractions. What's more, neither the writing nor the acting has quite the stylized quality it reaches after."
References
Birch, Cyril. "Introduction: The Peach Blossom Fan as Southern Drama." In: K'ung, Shang-jen. Translators: Chen, Shih-hsiang and Harold Acton. Collaborator: Birch, Cyril. The Peach Blossom Fan (T'ao-hua-shan). University of California Press, 1976. .
Clausen, Søren, Roy Starrs, and Anne Wedell-Wedellsborg. Cultural encounters: China, Japan, and the West : essays commemorating 25 years of East Asian studies at the University of Aarhus. Aarhus University Press, 1995. , 9788772884974.
Notes
External links
Lute Song at Internet Broadway Database
1946 musicals
Broadway musicals
Musicals based on plays
Works based on Chinese classics |
6900144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20medium%20is%20the%20message | The medium is the message | "The medium is the message" is a phrase coined by the Canadian communication theorist Marshall McLuhan and the name of the first chapter in his Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, published in 1964. McLuhan proposes that a communication medium itself, not the messages it carries, should be the primary focus of study. He showed that artifacts such as media affect any society by their characteristics, or content.
McLuhan's theory
McLuhan uses the term 'message' to signify content and character. The content of the medium is a message that can be easily grasped and the character of the medium is another message which can be easily overlooked. McLuhan says "Indeed, it is only too typical that the 'content' of any medium blinds us to the character of the medium". For McLuhan, it was the medium itself that shaped and controlled "the scale and form of human association and action". Taking the movie as an example, he argued that the way this medium played with conceptions of speed and time transformed "the world of sequence and connections into the world of creative configuration and structure". Therefore, the message of the movie medium is this transition from "lineal connections" to "configurations." Extending the argument for understanding the medium as the message itself, he proposed that the "content of any medium is always another medium" – thus, speech is the content of writing, writing is the content of print, and print itself is the content of the telegraph.
McLuhan frequently punned on the word "message", changing it to "mass age", "mess age", and "massage". A later book, The Medium Is the Massage was originally to be titled The Medium is the Message, but McLuhan preferred the new title, which is said to have been a printing error.
Concerning the title, McLuhan wrote: The title "The Medium Is the Massage" is a teaser—a way of getting attention. There's a wonderful sign hanging in a Toronto junkyard which reads, 'Help Beautify Junkyards. Throw Something Lovely Away Today.' This is a very effective way of getting people to notice a lot of things. And so the title is intended to draw attention to the fact that a medium is not something neutral—it does something to people. It takes hold of them. It rubs them off, it massages them and bumps them around, chiropractically, as it were, and the general roughing up that any new society gets from a medium, especially a new medium, is what is intended in that title".
McLuhan argues that a "message" is, "the change of scale or pace or pattern" that a new invention or innovation "introduces into human affairs".
McLuhan understood "medium" as a medium of communication in the broadest sense. In Understanding Media he wrote: "The instance of the electric light may prove illuminating in this connection. The electric light is pure information. It is a medium without a message, as it were, unless it is used to spell out some verbal ad or name." The light bulb is a clear demonstration of the concept of "the medium is the message": a light bulb does not have content in the way that a newspaper has articles or a television has programs, yet it is a medium that has a social effect; that is, a light bulb enables people to create spaces during nighttime that would otherwise be enveloped by darkness. He describes the light bulb as a medium without any content. McLuhan states that "a light bulb creates an environment by its mere presence". Likewise, the message of a newscast about a heinous crime may be less about the individual news story itself (the content), and more about the change in public attitude towards crime that the newscast engenders by the fact that such crimes are in effect being brought into the home to watch over dinner.
In Understanding Media, McLuhan describes the "content" of a medium as a juicy piece of meat carried by the burglar to distract the watchdog of the mind. This means that people tend to focus on the obvious, which is the content, to provide us valuable information, but in the process, we largely miss the structural changes in our affairs that are introduced subtly, or over long periods of time. As society's values, norms, and ways of doing things change because of the technology, it is then we realize the social implications of the medium. These range from cultural or religious issues and historical precedents, through interplay with existing conditions, to the secondary or tertiary effects in a cascade of interactions that we are not aware of.
On the subject of art history, McLuhan interpreted Cubism as announcing clearly that the medium is the message. For him, Cubist art required "instant sensory awareness of the whole" rather than perspective alone. In other words, with Cubism one could not ask what the artwork was about (content), but rather consider it in its entirety.
See also
Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television
Hyperreality
Philosophy of technology
Post-structuralism
Technology and society
Amusing Ourselves to Death
References
External links
MediaTropes eJournal A scholarly journal, Vol. 1, Marshall McLuhan's "Medium is the Message": Information Literacy in a Multimedia Age
Guardian Big Ideas podcast by Benjamen Walker
1964 neologisms
Aesthetics
Concepts in aesthetics
Concepts in epistemology
Concepts in ethics
Concepts in metaphilosophy
Concepts in political philosophy
Concepts in social philosophy
English phrases
Linguistics
Marshall McLuhan
Media studies
Philosophical phrases
Philosophical theories
Quotations from literature
Quotations from philosophy |
23571635 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle%20hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism | Motorcycle hooliganism includes street racing, street stunting, and games of tag on public roads, or simply cruising, often in very large numbers, against local ordinances.
Demographics
Historian Jeremy Packer wrote that the newest motorcycle "gangs" are unlike the outlaw motorcycle clubs widely reported in the media since the late 1940s. They now ride sport bikes, often customized in the streetfighter style, rather than cruisers, passing through both rural and urban areas, playing "elaborate games of tag and follow the leader, continually pushing each other to ride harder." Besides being younger and favoring high-performance motorcycles, these groups are "loosely affiliated and come together mostly to ride." Traditional outlaw motorcycle clubs are known for having detailed charters and membership lists, prescribing codes of behavior, dress, type and brand of motorcycle members may ride, and vigorously enforcing procedures for admitting new members, banishing members who break club rules, and protecting the club's territory and name from anyone falsely pretending to be a member.
Packer wrote in 2008 that media attention, such as the popular A&E television documentary The Wild Ride of the Outlaw Bikers (1999) and the Guggenheim show The Art of the Motorcycle, erroneously only covered the baby boomer Harley-Davidson rider culture, failing to note a shift in demographics, bikes, and behavior. Packer said this promotes the Harley-Davidson brand and promotes "a type of motorcycle affiliation that is palatable, family friendly, and marketable" as part of a narrative that outlaw bikers, "though once a dangerous element, are now a useful and even valuable part of society." The StarPhoenix of Saskatoon wrote that the new marketing push to "transform motorcycling into an acceptable, mainstream pastime" has led to young riders rebelling.
In Los Angeles and New York City, some affluent urban motorcycle owners are self-described hooligans, or display motorcycles described as "hooligan chic" and an "object of fetish consumerism."
Behaviors
Hooligans engage in many types of unlawful behavior.
Vandalism, theft and petty crime
In South and Southeast Asia, thieves use motorcycles in the act of purse snatching.
Racing on public roads
Racing has been implicated in a number of deaths, and is targeted by law enforcement in North America, Asia and Europe.
Stunting on public roads
The fact that many stunters perform their stunts on public roads draws the ire of other motorcyclists and lawmakers. They intentionally draw a lot of attention to their apparently reckless behavior, and other motorcyclists, especially sportbike riders, feel that stunters give all riders a reputation for being irresponsible and dangerous to others.
Riding nude
While clothing-optional bicycling is allowed in many places, similar behavior by motorcyclists is often seen as reckless and has even led to accidents when the rider was stung by an insect.
Nude rider complaints are recorded in Coventry, England, where 21 riders proceeded naked through the town; Salt Lake City; Murfreesboro, Tennessee (claimed to be the first nude motorcycle rally); Providence, Rhode Island; and southern Sweden.
Cruising
In some jurisdictions, the act of cruising is unlawful.
In Malaysia, over 100,000 outlaw motorcyclists called Mat Rempit are reported to cruise and race on the streets every night.
Unlicensed riding
Riders, including under-age youth, without a valid driver's license, have been described as "dangerous and illegal" and "hooligans."
Street stunt riders on unlicensed dirtbikes are reported to be a problem in Baltimore, Maryland.
Speeding
Speeding is often referred to as a "hooligan" activity due to inherent risk to the public.
"Hooligan" motorcycles
Some types of motorcycles or specific models associated with hooligan behavior are informally referred to as "hooligan" motorcycles.
Notable examples
In Seattle in 2010, a Washington State Patrol highway police trooper rolled his patrol car while chasing speeding motorcyclists, who then returned to jeer and taunt him. The motorcyclists said they were engaging in a semi-organized mass ride. The event attracted much media attention.
In September 2013, public awareness of motorcycle hooliganism in America was increased when a video was uploaded to live leak showing a violent altercation between a family riding in an SUV and a group of motorcyclists in New York City. The bikers were participating in an annual unsanctioned rally called the "Hollywood Block Party". Over 1000 motorcycles, quads, and other vehicles participated in the 2012 rally a year prior, according to New York Police Commissioner Ray Kelly. The rally involved performing stunts and driving through Times Square, which has been illegal since it was pedestrianized in 2009.
The incident began when a sport utility vehicle (SUV) driven by motorist Alexian Lien was involved in light bumper contact with motorcyclist Christopher Cruz. Cruz reportedly sustained minor injuries. In the video, Cruz merges in front of Lien and slows dramatically, apparently causing the collision. Following the incident, authorities familiar with such organized rides stated that Cruz was not attempting to cause a collision, but was attempting to slow traffic in order to clear a section of roadway to perform stunts on their motorcycles.
Lien and many of the motorcyclists stopped their vehicles. The video shows many of the bikers gathering around the Range Rover driven by Lien. Police reported that the bikers were beating on the vehicle and punctured a tire. Lien accelerated to escape, reportedly driving over 3 motorcycles and a rider, named Edwin Mieses, who had dismounted and was in front of the Range Rover. Mieses was severely injured, including a fractured spine and punctured lung. The bikers then chased after the SUV for several miles before pulling Lien from the vehicle and assaulting him.
The video of the incident quickly went viral and received widespread news coverage. Other videos of packs of bikers driving recklessly and performing stunts surfaced following the heavy news coverage. One video in particular shows a group of bikers threatening the driver of a Prius. The bikers beat on the window of his car, but the driver was unharmed.
A total of 15 people were arrested, 55 motorcycles were confiscated, and 69 summonses were issued in connection with the September 29th event. Nine suspects have been charged in connection with the attack. In December 2013, Lien filed a civil suit against the city of New York for the involvement of an off-duty police detective in the attack. The suit accused the police department of failing to properly train their officers.
Legislation has since been proposed that would require permits and prior notification of such rallies. The legislation was inspired by the September 29 incident as well as the death of Marian Kurshik, 78, in December 2013 after being struck by a motorcycle traveling in a pack and performing stunts. The driver of the motorcycle was also killed in the accident. "His feet was on the seat; the front wheel pulled up. He was going very fast," said a bystander. "This not only, I think, protects pedestrians. I think it also protects the motorcyclists themselves," said state senator Andriano Espaillat.
See also
12 O'Clock Boys
Mat Rempit
Notes
References
External links
Hooliganism
Hazardous motor vehicle activities |
23571637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%ABtan%20Picon | Gaëtan Picon | Gaëtan Picon (19 September 1915 – 6 August 1976) was a French author: essayist, art and literature critic, and art and literature historian. He was director of the Mercure de France and Director-General of Arts and Letters under André Malraux. He wrote an entry for the Encyclopaedia Universalis on Swiss publisher Albert Skira.
Selected Bibliography
Balzac: Balzac par lui-même. (1956). Microcosme ecrivains de toujou. Editions du Seui, Paris. 191 pp.
Ingres: Biographical and Critical Study (1967) The Taste of Our Time, Vol. 47. Editions d'Art Albert Skira, Geneva 131 pp.
The Work of Jean Dubuffet (1973). Albert Skira, Geneva. 233 pp.
Surrealists and Surrealism 1919-1939 (1977). Skira/Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 231 pp.
Birth Of Modern Painting (1978). Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 135 pp.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1980). Published by Skira/Rizzoli International Publications, Inc., New York. 151 pp.
References
External links
Worldcat Identities: Gaëtan Picon, Overview http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n50019731/
1915 births
1976 deaths
French art critics
French male essayists
People of Ligurian descent
20th-century French essayists
20th-century French male writers |
6900146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos.
History
Formation, early years, first record (1990–1996)
The band formed in 1990 when high school friends Mike (vocals) and Chad (drums) were joined by guitarist Renee, whom they had met through a musician wanted ad. Their first bassist was a friend of Renee's named Brendan. The new group named themselves the Blanks after finding their minds blank as to what to name the band. Shortly thereafter, another band informed them that the Blanks name was already taken; to avoid conflict, they added '77 to their name in reference to punk rock's canonically accepted year of origin.
The original line-up remained until Brendan left in 1992. He was replaced by Geoff Kresge, who left the band after a six-month tenure to rejoin his band AFI. (Kresge would later go on to play in Tiger Army and HorrorPops.) He was replaced in Blanks 77 by Tim from the Broken Heroes, who began performing live with the band after a single rehearsal. The band recorded their first album, Killer Blanks, which was released first in Germany on the Nasty Vinyl label in 1995, and in the U.S. a year later in 1996 on Radical Records with four extra tracks.
Further releases, lineup changes and breakup (1997–2001)
In 1997 Blanks 77 released a second album, Tanked and Pogoed. Chad left the band in late 1997 and was replaced by Paul Russo from the Unseen, who filled in for two tours; the group ultimately settled on drummer Kid Lynch (formerly of Warzone and SFA). Their third full-length, C.B.H., was released in 1998.
After an ill-fated tour in 1999, the band began to dissolve, finally doing so in 2001 upon Renee's departure. Mike, Tim and Chad formed The S.D.A.B.s (Sex Drugs Alcohol Band), while Renee, Lynch and longtime roadie Dean Digaetano formed Dean Dean and the Sex Machines who released an LP. Renee also joined the long-standing founding street punk group U.S. Chaos, replacing her deceased brother in the band. Tim went on to play bass, and then later became the guitarist, for the New York hardcore punk band Murphy's Law, as well as continuing with the Broken Heroes.
Reformation (2004–present)
In 2004, Blanks 77 reunited around the "classic lineup" of Mike, Renee, Tim, and Chad. Although they ceased extensive touring, they remained active on the East Coast while playing occasional West Coast concerts. In 2015 Blanks 77 joined the Jailhouse Records label which released, Gettin' Blasted, a ten-song split 12" release with fellow New Jersey band the Parasitix on April 29, 2016.
Members
Current members
Mike Blank – vocals (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Renee Wasted – guitar (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Chad 77 – drums (1990–1997, 2004–present)
Tim "TJ" Blank – bass (1992–2001, 2004–present)
Past members
Brendan – bass (1990–1992)
Geoff Kresge – bass (1993)
Paul Russo – drums (1997–1998)
Kid Lynch – drums (1998–2000)
Discography
Tapes, 7"s, & EP's
1991: It's punk rock!! (Greenearth tapes)
1992: Live Punks (Self-Released)
1992: Unite + Pogo!! E.P. (Vandal Children Records)
1992: Destroy Your Generation (Headache Records)
1993: Up The System (Quality Of Life)
1993: Shut Up And Pogo (Self-Released)
1993: Blanks 77 / Forklift (Split 7" w/Forklift) (Vandal Children Records)
1995: 7/7/94 (The Riviera - Chicago, IL) (V.M.L. Records)
1995: Blanks 77 / Fuckin' Faces (Split 7" w/Fuckin' Faces) (Höhnie Records/Nasty Vinyl)
1995: Live On KDVS...Its...Blanks 77 (Self-Released)
1995: Punks 'N Skins (Headache Records)
1995: Dumpster Diving At The Abortion Clinic / Let's Riot (Split 7" w/Quincy Punx) (Turkey Baster Records)
1995: Shooting Blanks / Blanks 77 (Split 7" w/Submachine) (Six Weeks Records)
1996: Speed 5 (Headache Records)
1997: I Wanna Be A Punk (Radical Records)
1997: Drunk at the Karaoke Bar (Split 7" w/The Showcase Showdown) (Tario Records)
1997: Truck Stop Toilet (Split 7" w/Anti-Heros) (Taang Records)
????: An Evening Of Decadence And Revolution (Self-Released)
Studio albums
1995: Killer Blanks (German Release-Nasty Vinyl)
1996: Killer Blanks (US Release-Radical Records)
1997: Tanked and Pogoed - Radical Records
1998: C.B.H. - Radical Records
2016: Gettin' Blasted - Jailhouse Records
Compilation appearances
1991: Panx Vinyl Zine 11 (Song: "Jehovah's Witness")
1994: Court Metrage (Song: "They")
1994: Pogo Attack (Songs: "Search & Destroy", "Get Out Alive")
1994: Punk Will Never Die! - World Compilation 1994 (Songs: "Political Violence", "Jehova's Witness")
1994: Songs About Drinking (Song: "Party Train")
1994: A Vile Compilation (Songs: "My World", "Police Attack")
1995: Oi! / Skampilation Vol. #1 (Song: "Let's Riot")
1995: Ox-Compilation #19 - Heavenly Tunes (Song: "We're The Ones")
1995: Kickstart - Nov 95 (Songs: "We Don't Need You", "Party Train")
1995: Spinnin' The Chamber (Songs: "Final Solution", "Next Generation")
1995: Vitaminepillen#4 Sampler (Song: "Search & Destroy")
1996: One Big Happy Slampit (Song: "Tensions")
1996: Oi!/Skampilation Vol #2: Skalloween (Songs: "Up The System", "Final Solution")
1996: For A Few Crash Helmets More (Song: "Bastards")
1996: Ox-Compilation #22 - Angst! (Song: "Police Attack")
1996: Tollschock 3 (Song: "Do Or Die")
1996: Wood Panel Pacer Wagon With Mags (Song: "10 Seconds")
1996: World Wild Wanderers (Song: "We Don't Need You")
1996: Shut Up And Pogo! (A Nasty Punk Rock Compilation) (Songs: "Police Attack", "Tensions")
1996: Axhandle Punk Compilation (Song: "Political Violence")
1997: We Will Fall: The Iggy Pop Tribute (Cover of "Funtime")
1997: On The Streets (Song: "Chelsea Girl")
1997: Songs For The Witching Season (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
1997: When The Punks & Skins Go Marching In ... #2 (Song: "Just Another")
1998: The Sound Of Rebellion (Songs: "Police Attack", "Stick", "Static")
1998: Welcome To Ground Zero (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1998: Punks, Skins & Rude Boys Now! Vol. 1 (Songs: "Punx And Skinz", "Next Generation")
1998: What Were We Fighting for? (cover of "Too Drunk To Fuck")
1999: A Tribute To The Exploited - Punk's Not Dead (Cover of "Punk's Not Dead")
1999: Victims Of The Modern Age (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1999: Capitol Radio (Song: "I Don't Wanna Be")
1999: Grease: The Not So Original Soundtrack From The Motion Picture (Cover of "Hound Dog")
1999: Smells Like Bleach: A Tribute to Nirvana (cover of "Smells Like Teen Spirit")
2000: Never Mind the Sex Pistols, Here's the Tribute (cover of '"Anarchy in the UK")
2000: Punked Up Love (Song: "C.B.H.")
2000: Faux Pas Potpourri - Very Small Records '93-'99 (Song: "Party Train")
2000: Disarming Violence (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
2001: Ramones Maniacs (cover of "Bonzo Goes to Bitburg")
2001: Nasty Vinyl Sucks - 10 Years Of Chaos (Song: "Next Generation")
2001: Hurt Your Feelings - Six Weeks Records Sampler (Song: "Corruption")
2002: Interference Records Compilation (Song: "She's Gone")
2009: Born To Lose: A Tribute To Johnny Thunders (Song: "London Boys"
2018: Tribute To The Wretched Ones (Song: "Primadonna")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 8 (Song: "Hound Dog")
????: Happy Little Trees - A Tribute To Bob Ross (Song: "Void")
????: Kaos... To The Third Degree (Song: "Void")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 4 (Song: "Political Violence")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 5 (Song: "Police Attack")
????: Best Of The Best:A Punk Rock Compilation'' (Cover of "Blitzkrieg Bop")
References
External links
[ Blanks 77's Allmusic.com entry]
Blanks 77's MySpace page
Punk rock groups from New Jersey
People from Hillside, New Jersey |
6900149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crossword%20Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher is the forty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1967 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
A woman named Carla Ponce invites Nancy, Bess, and George to Peru to help decipher the mystery in the crossword cipher—a wooden plaque that promises to lead them to a wonderful treasure. Nancy must find the treasure before a gang of thieves led by El Gato (The Cat) reach it first.
References
See also
Nazca lines
Nancy Drew books
1967 American novels
1967 children's books
Novels set in Peru
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
23571638 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted%20Computer%20System%20Evaluation%20Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria | Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is a United States Government Department of Defense (DoD) standard that sets basic requirements for assessing the effectiveness of computer security controls built into a computer system. The TCSEC was used to evaluate, classify, and select computer systems being considered for the processing, storage, and retrieval of sensitive or classified information.
The TCSEC, frequently referred to as the Orange Book, is the centerpiece of the DoD Rainbow Series publications. Initially issued in 1983 by the National Computer Security Center (NCSC), an arm of the National Security Agency, and then updated in 1985, TCSEC was eventually replaced by the Common Criteria international standard, originally published in 2005.
Fundamental objectives and requirements
On 24 October 2002, The Orange Book (aka DoDD 5200.28-STD) was canceled by DoDD 8500.1, which was later reissued as DoDI 8500.02, on 14 March 2014.
Policy
The security policy must be explicit, well-defined, and enforced by the computer system. Three basic security policies are specified:
Mandatory Security Policy – Enforces access control rules based directly on an individual's clearance, authorization for the information and the confidentiality level of the information being sought. Other indirect factors are physical and environmental. This policy must also accurately reflect the laws, general policies and other relevant guidance from which the rules are derived.
Marking – Systems designed to enforce a mandatory security policy must store and preserve the integrity of access control labels and retain the labels if the object is exported.
Discretionary Security Policy – Enforces a consistent set of rules for controlling and limiting access based on identified individuals who have been determined to have a need-to-know for the information.
Accountability
Individual accountability regardless of policy must be enforced. A secure means must exist to ensure the access of an authorized and competent agent that can then evaluate the accountability information within a reasonable amount of time and without undue difficulty. The accountability objective includes three requirements:
Identification – The process used to recognize an individual user.
Authentication – The verification of an individual user's authorization to specific categories of information.
Auditing – Audit information must be selectively kept and protected so that actions affecting security can be traced to the authenticated individual.
Assurance
The computer system must contain hardware/software mechanisms that can be independently evaluated to provide sufficient assurance that the system enforces the above requirements. By extension, assurance must include a guarantee that the trusted portion of the system works only as intended. To accomplish these objectives, two types of assurance are needed with their respective elements:
Assurance Mechanisms
Operational Assurance: System Architecture, System Integrity, Covert Channel Analysis, Trusted Facility Management, and Trusted Recovery
Life-cycle Assurance : Security Testing, Design Specification and Verification, Configuration Management, and Trusted System Distribution
Continuous Protection Assurance – The trusted mechanisms that enforce these basic requirements must be continuously protected against tampering or unauthorized changes.
Documentation
Within each class, an additional set of documentation addresses the development, deployment, and management of the system rather than its capabilities. This documentation includes:
Security Features User's Guide, Trusted Facility Manual, Test Documentation, and Design Documentation
Divisions and classes
The TCSEC defines four divisions: D, C, B, and A, where division A has the highest security. Each division represents a significant difference in the trust an individual or organization can place on the evaluated system. Additionally divisions C, B and A are broken into a series of hierarchical subdivisions called classes: C1, C2, B1, B2, B3, and A1.
Each division and class expands or modifies as indicated the requirements of the immediately prior division or class.
D – Minimal protection
Reserved for those systems that have been evaluated but that fail to meet the requirement for a higher division.
C – Discretionary protection
C1 – Discretionary Security Protection
Identification and authentication
Separation of users and data
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) capable of enforcing access limitations on an individual basis
Required System Documentation and user manuals
C2 – Controlled Access Protection
More finely grained DAC
Individual accountability through login procedures
Audit trails
Object reuse
Resource isolation
An example of such as system is HP-UX
B – Mandatory protection
B1 – Labeled Security Protection
Informal statement of the security policy model
Data sensitivity labels
Mandatory Access Control (MAC) over selected subjects and objects
Label exportation capabilities
Some discovered flaws must be removed or otherwise mitigated
Design specifications and verification
B2 – Structured Protection
Security policy model clearly defined and formally documented
DAC and MAC enforcement extended to all subjects and objects
Covert storage channels are analyzed for occurrence and bandwidth
Carefully structured into protection-critical and non-protection-critical elements
Design and implementation enable more comprehensive testing and review
Authentication mechanisms are strengthened
Trusted facility management is provided with administrator and operator segregation
Strict configuration management controls are imposed
Operator and Administrator roles are separated.
An example of such a system was Multics
B3 – Security Domains
Satisfies reference monitor requirements
Structured to exclude code not essential to security policy enforcement
Significant system engineering directed toward minimizing complexity
Security administrator role defined
Audit security-relevant events
Automated imminent intrusion detection, notification, and response
Trusted path to the TCB for the user authentication function
Trusted system recovery procedures
Covert timing channels are analyzed for occurrence and bandwidth
An example of such a system is the XTS-300, a precursor to the XTS-400
A – Verified protection
A1 – Verified Design
Functionally identical to B3
Formal design and verification techniques including a formal top-level specification
Formal management and distribution procedures
Examples of A1-class systems are Honeywell's SCOMP, Aesec's GEMSOS, and Boeing's SNS Server. Two that were unevaluated were the production LOCK platform and the cancelled DEC VAX Security Kernel.
Beyond A1
System Architecture demonstrates that the requirements of self-protection and completeness for reference monitors have been implemented in the Trusted Computing Base (TCB).
Security Testing automatically generates test-case from the formal top-level specification or formal lower-level specifications.
Formal Specification and Verification is where the TCB is verified down to the source code level, using formal verification methods where feasible.
Trusted Design Environment is where the TCB is designed in a trusted facility with only trusted (cleared) personnel.
Matching classes to environmental requirements
The publication entitled "Army Regulation 380-19" is an example of a guide to determining which system class should be used in a given situation.
See also
AR 380-19 superseded by AR 25-2
Canadian Trusted Computer Product Evaluation Criteria
Common Criteria
ITSEC
Rainbow Series
Trusted Platform Module
References
External links
National Security Institute - 5200.28-STD Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria
FAS IRP DOD Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria DOD 5200.28
National Security Agency
Computer security standards
Trusted computing |
6900154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa.
Biography
Doria was born to a noble family of the Republic of Genoa. He was the son of Giannettino Doria, of the Doria family, who died when Doria was 6 years old. He would be selected by his great-uncle Andrea Doria to command the family's galleys.
He became the Admiral of the Genoese Fleet in 1555 and commanded the combined Christian fleet of the Holy League at the Battle of Djerba in 1560, which was won by the Ottoman Turks under the command of Piyale Pasha. He barely escaped with his life as his troops suffered a crushing defeat, the stress and shame supposedly caused the older Andrea Doria to die.
He also participated in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, commanding the right wing of the Christian coalition force known as the Holy League. During the battle he allowed a gap to be formed in the Holy League's battle line which was exploited by Occhiali. Many historians have criticized Doria for opening the line, some going so far as to describe it as an act of cowardice. The battle was ultimately won by the Holy League, and signaled the first ever defeat of the Ottoman Turks at sea. Doria would go on to write reports attempting to justify his actions at the battle.
Using the momentum from the Battle of Lepanto, Don John and Doria would go on to capture Tunis in 1573.
Doria also led an expedition against the Barbary states in 1601.
Doria was a knight commander of the Order of Santiago. He was also the Marquis of Tursi and 6th (or 2nd) Prince of Melfi (both titles inherited from his relation and adoptive father, the famed Genoese admiral Andrea Doria).
Marriages and children
He married firstly in 1558 with Zenobia del Carretto (1540-1590) and had:
Andrea Doria (born and died 1565).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1566).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1567).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1568).
Vittoria Doria (1569-1618), married Ferrante II Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, had issue.
Andrea II Doria (1570-1629), 3rd prince of Melfi, married Giovanna Colonna and had issue.
Giovanni Doria (1573-1642) called Giannettino; Cardinal, Archbishop of Thessalonica and Palermo, Viceroy of Sicily
Artemisia Doria (1574-1644), married Carlos Francisco de Borgia 7th Duke of Gandia, had issue.
Carlo Doria (1576-1650), duke of Tursi, married Placidia Spinola, had issue.
He married secondly and secretly in 1590 with Baroness Katharina of Lysfelt and Harem (1564-1606), natural and legitimate daughter of Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Sources
Geneanet
Genoese admirals
Italian Renaissance people
1539 births
1606 deaths
Giovanni Andrea
People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars
16th-century Genoese people
Battle of Lepanto |
17327841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiloi | Chiloi | Chiloi is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
6900155 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumed%20of%20the%20Earth | Exhumed of the Earth | Exhumed of the Earth is the debut album by Paramaecium. It was released in 1993. Exhumed of the Earth is considered to be one of the landmarks of both doom metal and Christian metal movements.
Recording history
Exhumed of the Earth was recorded from 12 April to 1 May 1993 at Toybox Studios, Northcote, Melbourne, Australia. The band incorporated several classical instrument arrangements on the album, most notably on the 17 minute epic "The Unnatural Conception". Rosemary Sutton played violin and Judy Hellemons flute. Sutton also did the soprano vocals. The storyline of the album based on the Bible: it begins at the birth of Christ, continues through his resurrection, speaks of the disciples, and ends with Christians coming to life from the dead. Because the biblical references in the lyrics are elegantly written, the album has been often compared to old My Dying Bride. Musically, Exhumed of the Earth is mostly slow-paced doom metal with few death metal influences, most notably on the death growl vocals of Andrew Tompkins and on tracks like "Injudicial".
The record was produced by Paramaecium, engineered by Mark Tulk, and mixed by Paramaecium and Mark Tulk.
Paramaecium self-released Exhumed of the Earth in 1993 and later allowed several labels to distribute the album.
HM Magazine wrote that with the album Paramaecium "essentially delivered the most powerful and moving death/doom recording in the history of Christian metal."
Track listing
"The Unnatural Conception in Two Parts: The Birth and the Massacre of the Innocents" – 17:00
"Injudicial" – 4:38
"The Killing" – 6:29
"Untombed" – 10:38
"The Voyage of the Severed" – 9:24
"Haemorrhage of Hatred" – 7:20
"Removed of the Grave" – 10:37
Personnel
Andrew Tompkins – vocals and four string bass
Jayson Sherlock – drums and cymbals
Jason De Ron – six-string guitar
Rosemary Sutton – soprano and violin
Judy Hellemons – flute
References
External links
"Injudicial" lyrics and musical notes .pdf
Paramaecium albums
1993 debut albums |
20464983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%202008%20box%20office%20number-one%20films%20in%20South%20Korea | List of 2008 box office number-one films in South Korea | This is a list of films which have been placed number-one at the South Korean box office during 2008, based on admissions.
Highest-grossing films
References
See also
List of South Korean films of 2008
2008 in South Korean cinema
2008
South Korea |
6900164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities.
Track listing
Side one
"I May Be Wrong, But I Won't Be Wrong Always" (Alvin Lee) - 10.28
"Woodchopper's Ball" (Woody Herman, Joe Bishop) - 7:48
Side two
"Spider in My Web" (Alvin Lee) - 7:46
"Summertime" (George Gershwin) / "Shantung Cabbage" (Ric Lee) - 5:56
"I'm Going Home" (Alvin Lee) - 6:27
2002 CD reissue
"Rock Your Mama" (Alvin Lee) - 3:46
"Spoonful" (Willie Dixon) - 6:23
"I May Be Wrong, But I Won't Be Wrong Always" - 9:49
"Summertime" / "Shantung Cabbage" - 5:44
"Spider in Your Web" - 7:43
"Woodchopper's Ball" - 7:38
"Standing at the Crossroads" (Elmore James & Robert Johnson) - 4:10
"I Can't Keep from Crying, Sometimes / Extension on One Chord / I Can't Keep from Crying, Sometimes (reprise)" (Al Kooper, Chick Churchill, Leo Lyons, Alvin Lee, Ric Lee) - 17:04
"I'm Going Home" - 6:24
Personnel
Ten Years After
Alvin Lee - guitar, vocals
Chick Churchill - organ
Ric Lee - drums
Leo Lyons - bass
Charts
Album
Album - Billboard (United States)
Release history
References
Ten Years After albums
1968 live albums
Decca Records live albums
Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer) |
23571643 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustia%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Ustia, Dubăsari | Ustia is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova.
Media
Jurnal FM - 98.7 MHz
Notable people
Ștefan Urâtu
References
Villages of Dubăsari District
Populated places on the Dniester |
6900166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility%20submeter | Utility submeter | Utility sub-metering is a system that allows a landlord, property management firm, condominium association, homeowners association, or other multi-tenant property to bill tenants for individual measured utility usage. The approach makes use of individual water meters, gas meters, or electricity meters.
Sub-metering may also refer to the monitoring of the electrical consumption of individual equipment within a building, such as HVAC, indoor and outdoor lighting, refrigeration, kitchen equipment and more. In addition to the "main load" meter used by utilities to determine overall building consumption, submetering utilizes individual "submeters" that allow building and facility managers to have visibility into the energy use and performance of their equipment, creating opportunities for energy and capital expenditure savings.
Overview
Typically a multi-tenant dwelling has either one master meter for the entire property or a meter for each building and the property is responsible for the entire utility bill. Submetering allows property owners who supply utilities to their tenants the ability to account for each tenant's usage in measurable terms. By fairly billing each tenant for their portion, submetering promotes conservation and offsets the expense of bills generated from a master meter, maintenance and improvements for well water systems, lagoon, or septic systems. Submetering is legally allowable in most states and municipalities, but owners should consult a Utility Management Vendor for assistance with local and state compliance and regulations.
Typical users of submetering are mobile home parks, apartments, condominiums, townhouses, student housing, and commercial plazas. Usually, utility submetering is placed in situations where the local utility cannot or will not individually meter the utility in question. Municipal Utility companies are often reluctant to take on metering individual spaces for several reasons. One reason is that rental space tenants tend to be more transient and are more difficult to collect from. By billing only the owner, they can place liens on real property if not paid (as opposed to tenants they may not know exist or who have little to lose if they move without paying). Utilities also generally prefer not to have water meters beyond their easement (i.e., the property boundary), since leaks to a service line would be before the meter and could be of less concern to a property owner. Other reasons include difficulty in getting access to meters for reading, or electrical systems and plumbing not suitable for submetering.
Before submetering, many landlords either included the utility cost in the bulk price of the rent or lease, or divided the utility usage among the tenants in some way such as equally, by square footage via allocation methods often called RUBS (Ratio Utility Billing System) or some other means. Without a meter to measure individual usage, there is less incentive to identify building inefficiencies, since the other tenants or landlord may pay all or part of those costs. Submetering creates awareness of water and Energy conservation because landlords and tenants are equally aware of what they will pay for these inefficiencies if they are not attended to. Conservation also allows property owners to keep the cost of rent reasonable and fair for all units regardless of how much water or energy they consume.
On the other hand, submetering provides an opportunity for building owners to shift their rising electricity costs to tenants who lack ownership or control over thermal efficiency of the structure, its insulation, windows, and major energy consuming appliances. Landlords may attempt to deem their charges for electric service as "additional rent" making tenants subject to eviction for nonpayment of electric bills, which would not be possible if they were direct customers of the utility. The Ontario Energy Board in August 2009 nullified all landlord submetering and allowed future submetering only upon informed tenant consent, including provision of third party energy audits to tenants to enable them to judge the total cost of rent plus electricity.
Some submetering products connect with software that provides consumption data. This data provides users with the information to locate leaks and high-consumption areas. Users can apply this data to implement conservation or renovation projects to lower usage & costs, meet government mandates, or participate in green building programs such as LEED and green globes.
System design
A submetering system typically includes a "master meter", which is owned by the utility supplying the water, electricity, or gas, with overall usage billed directly to the property owner. The property owner or manager then places their own private meters on individual tenant spaces to determine individual usage levels and bill each tenant for their share. In some cases, the landlord might add the usage cost to the regular rent or lease bill. In other cases, a third party might read, bill, and possibly even collect for the service. Some of these companies also install and maintain meters and reading systems.
Panel or circuit submeters are used to measure resource use of the same system for added security, economic, reliability, and behavioral benefits. These provide important insights into resource consumption of building systems and equipment working in the same series. Submeters can measure use of a single panel, or multiple points within a panel system using single-point, multi-point, and branch circuit submeters.
The latest trend in submetering is Automatic Meter Reading, or AMR. This technology is used to get from meter reading to billing by an automated electronic means. This can be by handheld computers that collect data using touch wands, walk or drive-by radio, fixed network systems where the meter has a transmitter or transceiver that sends the data to a central location, or transmission via Wi-Fi, cellular, or Internet connections.
Although not technically submetering, an alternate method of utility cost allocation called RUBS (Ratio Utility Billing Systems) is sometimes used to allocate costs to tenants when true submetering is not practical or not possible due to plumbing or wiring constraints. This method divides utility costs by square footage, number of occupants, or some other combination of cost ratios.
Submetering in the world
Submeters take many forms. For example, central heating in apartment blocks in Belgium, Germany and Switzerland is sometimes submetered with liquid filled calibrated vials, known as heat cost allocators, attached to each of the heating radiators. The metering company visits the apartments about once a year and reads the liquid level and replaces the vials. Some apartment owners have replaced the vials with electronic submeters that transmit temperature readings via radio to a master unit in each apartment. The master unit in turn transmits collated readings to the utility company, thereby saving both labour costs and inconvenience to both tenant and landlord. The master unit displays a number representing the current total of "heating value".
Submetering history and laws
The concept of submetering was effectively "invented" sometime in the 1920s, when many laws currently affecting submetering were written. Submetering was not widespread until the energy crisis in the mid-1970s, which prompted an increase in submetering for gas and electric usage. Water submetering began its increase nationally in the mid-1990s when water and wastewater prices started rising. However, submetering really did not take a hold in the property management world until the late 1980s, with the ever increasing costs associated with utilities and a society more aware of environmental conservation.
Utility submetering has its roots in Denmark. In 1902 two Danish brothers, Axel and Odin Clorius, established Clorius Controls. The company commenced work on developing and producing a range of self-acting temperature controllers. In 1924 Clorius received its first patent for a heat cost allocator. The device was meant to measure energy usage in apartments built with a common boiler heating system. The device was attached to each radiator in an apartment unit. By measuring energy usage at each radiator, a consumption-based utility bill could be prepared for each unit.
Utilities submetered
Natural Gas
Water (potable or non-potable)
Hot water (for space heating or domestic service)
Electricity
HVAC (few companies offer this technology)
Cable television
Steam
Solar Thermal Generation
Onsite Power Generation
See also
Automatic meter reading
Distributed generation
Feed-in Tariff
Flow measurement
Net metering
Smart meter
References
Public utilities
Flow meters
Water supply |
23571649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantabile%20%28poetry%20collection%29 | Cantabile (poetry collection) | Cantabile is a collection of poems written by Henrik, the Prince Consort of Denmark and published in 2000. It is illustrated by the Queen of Denmark, Margrethe II.
The book contains both the original poems by Prince Henrik, written in French, as well as Danish translations by Per Aage Brandt.
Musical settings
Lacrymae mundi for male choir by Svend Hvidtfelt Nielsen (2008)
Symphonic suite Cantabile for symphony orchestra, choir and soloists by Frederik Magle (2004-2009)
References
External links
Le Parisien
2000 poetry books
Danish poetry collections
French poetry collections |
23571656 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramchandra%20Chintaman%20Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere | Ramchandra Chintaman Dhere (21 July 1930 – 1 July 2016) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India.
Early life
Dhere was born in the small village of Nigade in Pune district. He was orphaned at an early age of five. He studied at Municipal School, Pune, Poona English School, Poona Night School and graduated in 1966. During high school days he worked as a proof reader in the local press.
Dhere earned a PhD in Marathi in 1975. His doctoral thesis titled Shtsthal: Ek Adhyan was completed under the guidance of Ramchandra Shankar Walimbe. In 1980, he became the first person to obtain a Doctorate of Literature from Pune University.
Career
From his childhood, Dhere was deeply influenced by folk-life and literature. He was drawn towards saint literature such as Warkari and Nath
sects and started studying them.
Dhere wrote over 100 scholarly books, including some edited or translated works of others, on Marathi folk literature and culture, reconstruction of cultural history of places, religious sects in Maharashtra, and biographies of marathi saints. He also composed several poems and musical plays. Dhere lost almost all of his collection of old books in 1961 when the Panshet Dam broke flooding the city of Pune.
Dhere received a Sahitya Akademi Award in 1987 for his literary criticism Shri Vitthal: Ek MahaSamanvay. The highly influential book was translated to English by Anne Feldhaus and published by Oxford University Press in 2011.
Death and legacy
Dhere died in Pune on 1 July 2016 at the age of 86 following prolonged illness. Writer Aruna Ramchandra Dhere is his daughter. In 2019, a library was built in Pune to preserve a collection of his books.
Literary work
The following is a partial list of Dhere's works:
Notes
Marathi-language writers
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi
1930 births
People from Pune district
2016 deaths |
17327843 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan%20Bob%C3%A4ck | Johan Bobäck | Johan Bobäck also known as "Kermit" is a record producer and songwriter from Sweden. "Kermit" has written and produced songs for and together with Cyndi Lauper, Rachel Platten, Aldo Nova, Garou, Jay Graydon, Randy Goodrum, Chris Norman, Fredrik Thomander, Darin, Max Martin, Peer Åström, Andreas Carlsson, Alexander Kronlund, Troy Bonnes aka Troy This, Dennis Morgan (songwriter), Jeanette Biedermann (Undress to the Beat), Linda Sundblad, Play, Ola Svensson aka Brother Leo (musician), Daniel Jones (musician) from Savage Garden among others.
He wrote and produced two songs (Into the Nightlife and Echo) with Cyndi Lauper, Peer Åström and Max Martin for Lauper's, Grammy Nominated, 2008 album Bring Ya to the Brink. Both songs became singles. Linda Sundblad's single 2 all my girls and Darin's single Viva la vida by Coldplay are both produced by Kermit. He was also involved, both as writer and producer, in Linda Sundblad's album Manifest, released in early 2010. Bobäck has also been involved as a music producer for the Golden Globe winning TV show Glee by Fox. In 2011, the song 1000 ships with Rachel Platten appeared in the TV show Grey's Anatomy. His other songs as a writer and producer include I´m in love and One day with Ola (Brother Leo (musician)), I'm in love together with Shellback (record producer), Alexander Kronlund. During 2017-2018 Kermit's been involved in NoNoNo (band)'s new album "Undertones" and is at present time working, now and then, with Astma and Rocwell as a vocal producer / programmer.
References
Swedish record producers
Swedish songwriters
1972 births
Living people |
17327845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Firefly%20%28operetta%29 | The Firefly (operetta) | The Firefly was the first operetta written by composer Rudolf Friml, with a libretto by Otto Harbach. The story concerns a young Italian girl, who is a street singer in New York. She disguises herself and serves as a cabin boy on a ship to Bermuda, where she falls in love. Complications arise, and eventually, she becomes a grand opera diva.
After tryouts at the Empire Theatre in Syracuse, New York beginning in October 1912, the operetta premiered on Broadway on December 2, 1912 at the Lyric Theatre, transferring after Christmas to the Casino Theatre. It was warmly received and ran for an encouraging 120 performances. The piece became one of the more frequently revived Friml works but was not given a complete recording until 2006. A 1937 MGM film version used most of the songs but had a new plot set in Spain during the time of Napoleon. It starred Jeanette MacDonald and Allan Jones.
Roles
Background and productions
One of the most popular theatrical forms in the early decades of the 20th century in America was the operetta, and its most famous composer was Irish-born Victor Herbert. It was announced in 1912 that Italian-born operetta diva Emma Trentini would be starring on Broadway in a new operetta by Herbert with lyricist Otto Harbach entitled The Firefly. Shortly before the writing of the operetta, Trentini appeared in a special performance of Herbert's Naughty Marietta conducted by Herbert himself. When Trentini refused to sing "Italian Street Song" for the encore, an enraged Herbert stormed out of the orchestra pit refusing any further work with Trentini. Arthur Hammerstein, the operetta's sponsor, frantically began to search for another composer. Not finding anyone who could compose as well as Herbert, Hammerstein settled on the almost unknown Friml because of his classical training. After a month of work, Friml produced the score for what would be his first theatrical success. The Firefly was followed by 32 more Friml operettas, but it remained one of his most popular.
After tryouts at the Empire Theatre in Syracuse, New York beginning on October 14, 1912, The Firefly opened at the Lyric Theatre on December 2, 1912 to a warm reception by both the audience and the critics. The production moved to the Casino Theatre on December 30, where it ran until March 15, 1913. All told the production ran for 120 performances. Directed by Frederick G. Latham and conducted by Gaetano Merola, the operetta starred Trentini as Nina, Craig Campbell as Jack Travers, Irene Cassini as Antonio Columbo, Vera De Rosa as Sybil Vandare, Sammy Lee as Pietro, Audrey Maple as Geraldine Vandare, Ruby Norton as Suzette, Katherine Stewart as Mrs. Oglesby Vandare, Melville Stewart as John Thurston, Henry Vogel as Herr Franz, and George Williams as Correlli.
The 1937 MGM film version of the show, starring Jeanette MacDonald, added the song "The Donkey Serenade". After the film's release, this song has usually been added to revivals. In 1943 at the Los Angeles Civic Light Opera, Francia White starred as Nina. One of the more frequently revived Friml works, the first complete recording of the operetta was made by the Ohio Light Opera and released by Albany Records in 2006.
Synopsis
Act I
At a Hudson River pier in New York City around 1909, snobby Geraldine Van Dare appears, quarreling with her fiancé, Jack Travers. Her uncle's yacht is preparing to sail for Bermuda. Geraldine accuses Jack of flirting with a little Italian street singer. They board, and the young woman in question, Nina Corelli, arrives and recognizes her old friend Suzette, Geraldine's maid. Nina did wink at Jack, but it wasn't serious ("Love Is Like a Firefly"). She wants to escape from her drunken guardian, and learning that Bermuda is farther away than Coney Island, she begs Suzette to take her along, but in vain. Nina runs home and puts on her brother's clothes. Back at the ship, she tells Suzette her new identity: Antonio Columbo, a known pickpocket ("Giannina Mia"). Musician Franz, boarding the yacht, decides that he needs this voice for his choir. He asks that this "boy" be allowed to accompany them. As the gangplank is raised, Nina runs aboard.
Act II
"Antonio" is popular in Bermuda at the Van Dares' estate, but the boy reminds sulky Geraldine of the street singer. Meanwhile, Nina has now really fallen in love with Jack, who has offered her a job as a valet. John Thurston, Jack's uncle, comforts Geraldine. The police are seeking a thief, Antonio Columbo, regarding a robbery on the island, and so Nina reveals her true identity. Franz adopts Nina, and the two leave together.
Act III
Three years later, Jack's romance with Geraldine has subsided. Just as Franz arrives at the Van Dare's home in New York, with Nina, Jack visits on a courtesy call. Under Franz's skillful teaching, Nina has now become the great prima donna "Giannina". Jack realises that he loves her, and Nina reveals that she has always loved him.
Musical numbers
Act I
A Trip to Bermuda – Sybil Van Dare, Suzette, Pietro and Chorus
He Says Yes, She Says No! – Geraldine Van Dare, Jack Travers and Chorus
Call Me Uncle – John Thurston, Sybil and Chorus
Love Is Like a Firefly – Nina
Something – Suzette and Jenkins
Giannina (Mia) – Nina
Act II
(In) Sapphire Seas – Sybil and Ensemble
Tommy Atkins (On a Dress-Parade) (I Want to be a Jolly Soldier) – Nina and Ensemble
Sympathy – Geraldine and John
A Woman's Smile – Jack
De Trop – Jenkins, Pietro, Suzette and Chorus
We're Going to Make a Man of You – Nina, Herr Franz, Jack, John and Jenkins
The Beautiful Ship from Toyland – Franz and Male Chorus
When a Maid Comes Knocking at Your Heart – Nina, Jack and Franz
Act III
An American Beauty Rose – John and Ensemble
The Latest Thing from Paris – Pietro and Suzette
Kiss Me and 'Tis Day (The Dawn of Love) – Nina
References
External links
The Firefly vocal score
The Firefly at the Guide to Musical Theatre
English-language operettas
1912 musicals
1912 operas
Broadway musicals
Operas
Operas by Rudolf Friml
Libretti by Otto Harbach |
6900167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Lost%20It%20at%20the%20Movies | I Lost It at the Movies | I Lost It at the Movies is a 1965 book that serves as a compendium of movie reviews written by Pauline Kael, later a film critic from The New Yorker, from 1954 to 1965. The book was published prior to Kael's long stint at The New Yorker; as a result, the pieces in the book are culled from radio broadcasts that she did while she was at KPFA, as well as numerous periodicals, including Moviegoer, the Massachusetts Review, Sight and Sound, Film Culture, Film Quarterly and Partisan Review. It contains her negative review of the then-widely acclaimed West Side Story, glowing reviews of other movies such as The Golden Coach and Seven Samurai, and longer polemical essays such as her largely negative critical responses to Siegfried Kracauer's Theory of Film and Andrew Sarris's Film Culture essay "Notes on the Auteur Theory, 1962". The book was a bestseller upon its first release, and is now published by Marion Boyars Publishers.
Kael's first book is characterized by an approach in which she would often quote contemporary critics such as Bosley Crowther and Dwight Macdonald as a springboard to debunk their assertions while advancing her own ideas. This approach was later abandoned in her subsequent reviews, but is notably referred to in Macdonald's book Dwight Macdonald On Movies (1969).
When an interviewer asked her in later years as to what she had "lost", as indicated in the title, Kael averred, "There are so many kinds of innocence to be lost at the movies." It is the first of Kael's books titled with deliberately erotic connotations, typifying the sensual relation Kael perceived herself as having with the movies, as opposed to the theoretical bent that some among her colleagues had.
Contents
The book is divided into an introduction and four sections. These sections are entitled as such: I) Broadsides; II) Retrospective Reviews: Movies Remembered with Pleasure; III) Broadcasts and Reviews, 1961–1963; and IV) Polemics.
The introduction is entitled "Zeitgeist and Poltergeist; Or, Are Movies Going to Pieces?"
The contents of Section One (Broadsides):
Fantasies of the Art-House Audience
The Glamour of Delinquency
Commitment and the Straitjacket
Hud, Deep in the Divided Heart of Hollywood
Movies reviewed in Section Two (Retrospective Reviews):
The Earrings of Madame de...
The Golden Coach
Smiles of a Summer Night
La Grande Illusion
Forbidden Games
Shoeshine
The Beggar's Opera
Seven Samurai
Movies reviewed and titles of articles in Section Three (Broadcasts and Reviews):
Breathless, and the Daisy Miller Doll
The Cousins
Canned Americana
West Side Story
L'avventura
One, Two, Three
The Mark
Kagi
The Innocents
A View from the Bridge, and a Note on The Children's Hour
The Day the Earth Caught Fire
The Come-Dressed-as-the-Sick-Soul-of-Europe Parties: La notte, Last Year at Marienbad, La Dolce Vita
A Taste of Honey
Victim
Lolita
Shoot the Piano Player
Jules and Jim
Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man
Fires on the Plain
Replying to Listeners
Billy Budd
Yojimbo
Devi
How the Long Distance Runner Throws the Race
8½: Confessions of a Movie Director
Contents of Section Four (Polemics):
Is There a Cure for Film Criticism? Or, Some Unhappy Thoughts on Siegfried Kracauer's Theory of Film: The Redemption of Physical Reality
Circles and Squares
Morality Plays Right and Left
Critical responses
In Dwight Macdonald On Movies, Macdonald includes a brief five-page review of I Lost It at the Movies. While he states in the beginning of his review that he has, on the whole, favorable sentiments towards the book, he nevertheless criticizes Kael for being "stronger on the intellectual side than on the aesthetic side" as well as her persistence in quoting other critics out of context. In the process, Macdonald confutes some of the assertions Kael makes about his own opinions regarding certain movies.
Dwight Macdonald writes:
Nevertheless, Macdonald goes on to say that some of the quotes that Kael utilizes in her reviews are often used incorrectly especially in regards to him, creating a distorted view of the opinions he had on certain movies such as Jules and Jim. He also questions the validity of some of her assessments of a few movies, including Hiroshima Mon Amour, 8½, and Last Year in Marienbad, stating that she is "perversely literal-minded" and comments upon "her ascetic insensibility to the sensual pleasures of cinema...when she dislikes the literary content." When Kael ponders in the book "it [is] difficult to understand why Dwight Macdonald with his dedication to high art sacrifices his time to them," Macdonald contends that he has always considered movies to be a high art. This, in a way, highlights the differences in their perspectives on movies: Pauline Kael sees movies as a fusion of pop and art elements (a mixture of lowbrow and highbrow), while Macdonald sees it in more highbrow terms. On the whole, Macdonald seems to respect her critical acumen, but not her methods.
A more adverse reaction comes from the auteurist Andrew Sarris, mainly as a result of the essay '"Circles and Squares", which was originally published in Film Quarterly. Sarris's reaction was in response to Kael's denunciation of the Auteur theory's merits, and has, in later years, occasionally jabbed at Kael's work. Examples of his critical observations are available in his books, e.g., The Primal Screen and Politics and Cinema. With the exception of "Circles and Squares", Kael has rarely responded. Notwithstanding Kael's unresponsive silence, this has gone down in film lore as the Sarris-Kael feud.
Further reading
The book actually does not contain the full range of Kael's writings published in magazines from this period. From 1962–64, Kael had written for a short-lived section of Film Quarterly entitled Films of the Quarter, alongside other critics such as Stanley Kauffmann and the screenwriter Gavin Lambert. Some, but not all, of these writings are included in this book.
Miscellaneous
In reference to the title of the book, the critic Jonathan Rosenbaum wrote an article entitled "I Missed It at the Movies: Objections to Raising Kane" as a rebuttal to Kael's essay on Citizen Kane, which had been entitled "Raising Kane".
In Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography, the book is referenced under the parody title I Lost Something at the Movies, and a short snippet of the made-up book is included, where the author theorizes (correctly) that the (fictional) film titled Zombies in the Snow awkward dialogue is actually written as such in order to pass on messages in a secret code. The name of the fictional author given, "Lena Pukalie", is also an anagram of Pauline Kael.
References
External links
8 ½ : Confessions of a Movie Director"
Excerpts from 'Is There a Cure for Film Criticism? (or, Some Unhappy Thoughts on Siegfried Kracauer's Theory of Film: The Redemption of Physical Reality)'"
Link to 'Fantasies of the Art-House Audience' essay"
The introduction to I Lost It at the Movies, entitled "Zeitgeist and Poltergeist; Or, Are Movies Going to Pieces?"
An essay entitled "Replying to Listeners", located in section III of the book
1965 non-fiction books
Books of film criticism
Books about film
Books by Pauline Kael
Little, Brown and Company books
American non-fiction books |
23571657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H4Br2 | C2H4Br2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H4Br2}}
The molecular formula C2H4Br2 (molar mass: 187.86 g/mol, exact mass: 185.8680 u) may refer to:
1,1-Dibromoethane (ethylidene dibromide)
1,2-Dibromoethane, or ethylene dibromide (EDB) |
6900168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondok%20Indah%20Mall | Pondok Indah Mall | Pondok Indah Mall (Indonesian: Mal Pondok Indah) or PIM is a large shopping complex located in the Pondok Indah suburb of South Jakarta, Indonesia. The Pondok Indah Mall complex (referred to by Jakartans as "PIM") comprises three large buildings, the older 3-storey PIM1 and the 5-storey PIM2, and the newest building PIM3. PIM 1 and PIM2 are interconnected via two elevated multi-storey pedestrian walkways (Skywalk North and Skywalk South), which also tenanted by specialty shops. PIM3, which was officially opened on April 8, 2021, is connected to the other two buildings by an underpass.
In January 2017, Forbes recognised Pondok Indah Mall as one of the top five shopping malls in Jakarta.
Architecture
PIM1 and PIM2 each house a cinema complex. Both buildings are connected externally via a walkway and an open-air water theme park was located near PIM1, right behind Street Gallery. Unlike PIM1, PIM 2 is more focused on upper class aficionados. InterContinental Jakarta Pondok Indah Hotel & Residences comprises approximately 300 hotel rooms and 180 serviced residences, which also adjoins the PIM2. Along with malls, office buildings and hotel, the complex is termed as 'Pondok Indah Town Center'.
The architectural style was understated elegant conventional mall, with flooring continually updated until its present condition of polished Indonesian marble and granite. The architecture roughly imitated Dutch colonial large-scale warehouses with extensive steel-truss interpretation of Dutch structural timber-work for an innovative illuminating central skylight (double-glazed for minimising heat transfer) and featured three airy floors of shopping with a narrow open-floor gallery (made safe via decorative fencing). The exterior featured aluminium cladding for minimal maintenance in the harsh tropical climate.
Pondok Indah Mall 1
PIM 1 was completed in 1991 in the affluent suburb of Pondok Indah (Beautiful Village) in leafy Jakarta Selatan (South Jakarta). Originally the site was a random mixture of open fields, slums, middle-class dwellings and traditional warungs and eateries. It was a hated eyesore which generated vast amounts of litter, untreated storm water and traffic congestion. Local affluent residents particularly disliked the lack of comfortable shopping facilities and the entrance to their leafy suburb "spoilt" by this unsightly, chaotic mess. Metro Department Store opened its first store at PIM 1 alongside fellow anchor tenants Hero Supermarket and Cinema XXI.
Pondok Indah Mall 2
PIM2 was first advertised as an ambitious huge amalgamation of residential and hotel-apartment tower complex (one tower for each), office space and commercial hub. However, due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis, funds were unavailable to proceed. After a change of ownership, the expansion was finally realized in 2004 with the opening of Mall 2. At PIM2, Sogo unveiled its latest supermarket format, dubbed "Sogo Foodhall" in 2004.
Street Gallery
PIM's new extension, Street Gallery opened in 2013. It is located south of PIM1 side. It mainly consists of food and beverage tenants.
Pondok Indah Mall 3
Pondok Indah Mall 3 was developed in the second half of 2016, after the success of closing the roof on Pondok Indah Residences in Jakarta. It was designed as a shopping center with a leasable area of over 55,000 square metres, and was officially opened on April 8, 2021. A key architectural feature is the giant balcony with glass floor that show the bottom two floors called Atmost-Fear. Seibu, Ranch Market and Uniqlo are the anchor tenants.
Gallery
See also
List of shopping malls in Indonesia
References
External links
Website: (some English, mainly Indonesian Language)
Development Design Group
Archiplanet: Development Design Group
Shopping malls in Jakarta
Post-independence architecture of Indonesia
South Jakarta |
6900173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Spider%20Sapphire%20Mystery | The Spider Sapphire Mystery | The Spider Sapphire Mystery is the forty-fifth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1968 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
A client of Carson Drew, a Mr. Floyd Ramsey, is accused of stealing the fabulous Spider Sapphire which leads Nancy and her friends to Africa. Nancy uncovers a notorious scheme and solves the mystery of a missing safari guide.
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1968 American novels
1968 children's books
Children's mystery novels
Grosset & Dunlap books
Novels set in Africa |
20464992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Northern%20Mariana%20Islands%20general%20election | 2009 Northern Mariana Islands general election | General elections were held in the Northern Mariana Islands on 7 November 2009, electing the Governor, the Legislature, four mayors, the Board of Education and nine municipal council members. There were also four referendums.
Background
A total of 16,146 voters registered to vote with the Commonwealth Election Commission for the 2009 election. That is a 15% increase in voters compared to the 15,118 people who registered to vote in the 2005 general election. Precinct 1 on Saipan, which includes the villages of San Antonio, San Vicente and Koblerville, had the most number of registered voters at 4,331. Voter registration ended on September 18, 2009.
A total of 109 candidates vied for the 43 elected positions in the Northern Mariana Islands in the 2009 election. The contested offices included the offices of governor & lieutenant governor, the twenty seats in the House of Representative, six (of nine) seats in the Senate as well as mayoral posts and various local offices.
At least 18,000 ballots designed to be read by counting machines were printed in Alabama for the 2009 election, according to the executive director of the Election Commission, Robert Guerrero.
Campaign
Major election issues included the Commonwealth's faltering economy and the federalization of the Northern Mariana Islands' immigration by the United States government.
Republican Hofschneider and his running mate, Palacios, challenged incumbent Governor Benigno Fitial and his running mate, Lieutenant Governor Eloy Inos, in the general election. Former legislator Juan "Pan" Guerrero ran as an independent, with sitting CNMI Rep. Joe Camacho as his running mate. Another former legislator, Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero, campaigned as an independent, with former Education Commissioner David M. Borja as his running mate. The race was widely viewed as a rematch between Fitial and Hofschneider, who was narrowly defeated in 2005.
The gubernatorial candidates focused heavily on the estimated 3,000 Northern Mariana Islanders residing on the United States mainland, many of whom were eligible to vote be absentee ballot. Three of the four gubernatorial candidates - Governor Fitial, Hofschneider and Juan Pan Guerrero - attended a Labor Day festival for Northern Mariana Islanders in San Diego, California, in September 2009. Independent candidate Juan "Pan" Guerrero and his running mate, Joe Camacho, campaigned throughout the western United States in August and September. Guerrero and Camacho began campaigning in Salem and Portland, Oregon, before travelling to Seattle, Boise, Idaho, San Francisco, Las Vegas, San Diego and Honolulu.
Gubernatorial election
The incumbent governor Benigno R. Fitial of the Covenant Party, successfully ran for a second term; his running mate, Lt. Governor Eloy Inos, was elected to his first full term. Fitial faced three challengers in the November 7 general election: Republican nominee Heinz Hofschneider, independent Juan "Pan" Guerrero, and independent Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero.
Because of a law signed by Governor Fitial on July 24, 2009, a runoff election between the candidates who received the highest and second-highest vote totals would be required if no candidate obtained more than 50% of the overall vote. Under this 2009 law, a runoff would occur 14 days after the results of the general election are certified by the Commonwealth Election Commission. This election indeed required a runoff, as neither Fitial nor Hofschneider garnered more than 50% of the vote in the November 7 election.
On election day, Republican challenger Hofschneider received 4,900 votes and incumbent Governor Fitial received 4,892 votes, therefore advancing to the runoff election held on November 23, 2009. Of the 13,784 total votes cast in the first round on November 7, Hofschneider led Fitial by just 8 votes, the closest gubernatorial election in the history of the Northern Mariana Islands. In the November 23 runoff election, Governor Fital was reelected by a 370-vote margin. With a margin of 2.8%, this election was the closest race of the 2009 gubernatorial election cycle.
Fitial was elected to serve a five-year term in office as governor instead of the normal four-year term, due to the Senate Legislative Initiative 16-11, which was one of the four ballot initiatives ratified in the November 7 election. Under the Senate Legislative Initiative 16-11, future general (including gubernatorial) elections will be held only in even-numbered years instead of odd-numbered years, such as 2009. Therefore, the next gubernatorial election took place in 2014 rather than 2013.
Candidates
Covenant Party
Benigno R. Fitial, incumbent Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (serving since 2006) and former Northern Mariana Islands Representatives (including tenure as Speaker of the House)
Lieutenant Governor Eloy Inos is Fitial's running mate. Inos was appointed and confirmed as Lt. Governor on May 1, 2009, following the resignation of Timothy Villagomez.
Republican Party
Former Northern Mariana Governor Juan N. Babauta, a Republican, declared his intention to run for governor and challenge Fitial in January 2009. His running mate was Galvin Deleon Guerrero, a member of the CNMI Board of Education.
Babauta was then defeated in the Republican primary by sitting CNMI Rep. Heinz Sablan Hofschneider, a former Speaker of the House, for the Republican Party nomination. Hofschneider's running mate is CNMI Rep. Arnold Indalecio Palacios, the current Speaker of the House.
Before the Republican primary, which was held on June 27, 2009, Hofschneider and Babauta signed a unity pledge, with each candidate pledging to support the winner of the primary. Hofschneider won the primary on June 27 with about 53% of the votes cast. Hofschneider won at six of the eight precincts. After the results were announced, the candidates convened and embraced; Babauta threw his support to Hofschneider and said that he would accept the people's decision. After Babauta had asked his supporters to vote for Hofschneider in the general election, Hofschneider called Babauta and his supporters "a crucial part of the campaign toward November."
Independents
Juan "Pan" Guerrero, chairman of the board for the Northern Marianas Retirement Fund (serving 2006-2009); former Northern Mariana Islands Senator (serving 1986-1990) and Representative (serving 1984-1985)
Joe Camacho is Guerrero's running mate. Camacho is currently a Republican Representative and Floor Leader of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives.
Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero, former Northern Mariana Islands Senator (serving 2000-2004)
David Borja, a former Education Commissioner, is Guerrero's running mate.
Democratic Party
For the first time in its history, the Democratic Party of the Northern Mariana Islands did not nominate a candidate for Governor in 2009. The only offices which were contested by the Democrats in 2009 were certain seats in the legislature and the mayorship of Saipan.
Polling
Election day
Polls on election day opened at 7 a.m. on November 7, 2009. Three of the four gubernatorial candidates cast their ballots in the morning at Garapan Elementary School in Garapan, Saipan. Incumbent Governor Benigno Fitial and First Lady Josie Fitial voted at 7:10 a.m., Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero arrived at the school at 7:20 a.m. and independent candidate Juan Pan Guerrero voted after 9 a.m. Republican candidate Heinz Hofschneider also voted at Garapan Elementary School at 6 p.m. later that day. An estimated 84% of registered voters participated in the election.
In the November 7 general election, Republican challenger Heinz Hofschneider received 4,900 votes and incumbent Governor Benigno Fitial received 4,892 votes, therefore both advanced to the runoff election slated for November 23, 2009. A total of 13,784 votes were cast in the first round. Hofschneider led Fitial by just eight votes, the closest gubernatorial election in the history of the Northern Mariana Islands. Independent candidates Juan Pan Guerrero and Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero came in 3rd and 4th place respectively and, therefore, did not qualify for the second runoff election.
Under a 2009 law signed by Governor Benigno Fitial, a runoff election is required within fourteen days of the if no candidate obtained 50% of the popular vote plus 1. Since neither Fitial nor Hofschneider garnered more than 50% of the vote, a runoff date was set for November 23, 2009.
Runoff
The Commonwealth Election Commission certified the results of the general election on November 9 and set the date of the runoff election between Fitial and Hofschneider for Monday, November 23. In a November 17 memorandum, Governor Fitial declared November 23 a legal holiday in the Northern Mariana Islands to encourage voter turnout.
The candidates qualifying for the runoff on November 23, 2009, were incumbent Covenant Party Governor Benigno Fitial and Republican candidate, Rep. Heinz Hofschneider. The incumbent ticket of Fitial-Inos campaigned for re-election on a theme of "proven leadership and proven experience," while the rival Hofscneider-Palacios campaign advocated a "change in leadership" to voters.
Both the Fitial and Hofschneider campaigns reached out to supporters of the independent candidates who did not qualify for the November 23rd runoff, Juan Pan Guerrero and Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero. The support of these independent voters was considered vital both Fitial's and Hofschneider's candidacies.
Former independent candidate Juan "Pan" Guerrero declined to endorse either Fitial or Hofschneider in one-page statement released on November 13, 2009. Instead, Guerrero, who came in third in the gubernatorial election, called on CNMI voters, especially his supporters, to support the candidate who best "represents a better future for themselves, their families, and the Commonwealth." Guerrero further elaborated that, "As soon as it was clear that I would not be in the runoff election, I urged supporters to make their own choices about whom to support-Ben and Eloy or Heinz and Arnold." In his statement, Guerrero noted that he make no further public statements concerning the election before the runoff.
Guerrero running mate in the 2009 election, Joe Camacho, issued his own statement on November 12 endorsing the Covenant Party ticket of Governor Benigno Fitial and Lt. Governor Eloy Inos for re-election. Camacho's brother, Clyde Norita, who was the chairman for the Executive Committee to Elect Juan Pan and Joe Camacho, also endorsed Fitial and Inos.
Former independent candidate Ramon "Kumoi" Deleon Guerrero, who came in fourth place in the general election, endorsed Heinz Hofschneider and Arnold Palacios for governor and lt. governor. Deleon Guerrero cited the wishes of his supporters and support for reforms advocated by Hofschneider, as well as alleged broken promises by the Fitial administration, for his endorsement. He further cited similarities between his own campaign and Hofschneider's messages, "Hofschneider and Palacios have whole-heartedly embraced these visions. They have even taken to heart, our campaign theme of "Time For Change." Deleon Guerrero stated that Fitial had failed to deliver on a number of promises during his term in office, such as economic growth, improved healthcare and the removal of fuel surcharges.
However, Deleon Guerrero's running mate, former Education Commissioner David Borja, endorsed Governor Fitial for re-election. Fitial was also endorsed by the Deleon Guerrero-Borja campaign chairman, Rudy R. Sablan, and seven other senior members of the campaign team.
On December 8, after all ballots had been counted, Fitial was declared the victor in the runoff. He and Inos received 6,610 votes, while Hofschneider and Palacios received 6,240 votes.
Results
Legislature
All 20 seats in the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives were contested in the election. Six seats in the Northern Mariana Islands Senate were up for election.
Before the 2009 election, the Republican Party controlled the 20-member House of Representatives with a 12-seat majority. The Senate was controlled by the Covenant Party in a coalition with the Democrats and a lone independent.
Senate
House
Mayoral elections
All four mayoral posts were up for election across the Commonwealth.
There were nine candidates for mayor on the island of Saipan: Republican Donald Flores, who won the election, as well as Covenant candidate Marian Tudela, Democrat Angelo Villagomez, and Independent candidates Candy Taman, Joe Sanchez, Roman Benavente, Juan Demapan, Tony Camacho and Lino Tenorio.
Board of Education
Tinian and Aguiguan
Saipan
Other elected offices
Voters also elected nine municipal council members.
Referendums
Education system
References
Referendums in the Northern Mariana Islands
2009 referendums |
23571659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian%20Americans | Appalachian Americans | Appalachian Americans or simply Appalachians describes Americans living in the geocultural area of Appalachia in the eastern United States, or their descendants
While not an official demographic used or recognized by the United States Census Bureau, Appalachian Americans, due to various factors, have developed their own distinct culture within larger social groupings. Included are their own dialect, music, folklore, and even sports teams as in the case of the Appalachian League. Furthermore, many colleges and universities now grant degrees in Appalachian studies, as well as scholarship programs for Appalachian students. The term has seen growing usage in recent years, possibly in opposition to the use of hillbilly, which is still often used to describe people of the region.
Notable people
Arts and Entertainment
Ernest “Tennessee Ernie” Ford (1919–1991), country, pop, and gospel singer and television host
Emma Bell Miles (1879-1919), writer, poet, artist
Effie Waller Smith (1879-1960), Poet
Doc Watson (1923-2012), guitarist, songwriter, and singer
Dolly Parton (1946-), singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actress, author, businesswoman and humanitarian
Eric Church (1977-), singer-songwriter
Earl Scruggs (1924 – 2012), bluegrass musician and banjo player noted for popularizing a three-finger picking style, now called "Scruggs style”
Loretta Lynn (1932-2022), country music singer-songwriter
Politicians
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924), 28th president of the United States, serving during World War I
Charles Gates Dawes (1865–1951), banker, general, diplomat, composer, and 30th vice president of the United States under Calvin Coolidge
Jim Broyhill (1927-), businessman, United States Representative, United States Senator
Joe Manchin (1947-), United States Senator, politician, businessman
Military
Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (1824-1863), United States military leader serving in the Mexican-American War, and later a prominent Confederate military leader during the American Civil War
Alvin York (1887-1964), highly-decorated United States soldier serving in World War I, receiving the Medal of Honor as well as numerous other awards from France, Italy, and Montenegro
Folk Heroes & Historical Figures
Daniel Boone (1734–1820), pioneer, explorer
Davy Crockett (1786–1836), frontiersman, soldier, politician
John Gordon (1759–1819), pioneer, trader, planter, militia captain
Devil Anse Hatfield (1839–1921), patriarch of the Hatfield family of the Hatfield–McCoy feud
Belle Starr (1848–1889), notorious outlaw convicted of horse theft
Sports
Jerry West (1938-), professional basketball player, NBA Champion, Medal of Freedom Recipient
Katie Smith (1974-), retired professional women's basketball player, 3 time Gold Medalist, Women's Basketball Hall of Fame
Madison Bumgarner (1989-), professional baseball player
Miscellaneous
Francis Asbury (1745–1816), Methodist Episcopal bishop
See also
Appalachian stereotypes
Appalachian Studies Association
Appalachian Trail
Bluegrass music
Hillbilly
Hillbilly Highway
History of the Appalachian people in Baltimore
Melungeons
Mountain white
Social and economic stratification in Appalachia
Urban Appalachians
References
Society of Appalachia |
17327849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu-iho | Chu-iho | Chu-iho is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
6900179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minneapolis%20Armory | Minneapolis Armory | The Minneapolis Armory is a historic event center and former National Guard armory located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Built by the Public Works Administration in 1936, the building was occupied by several Army and Naval Militia units of the Minnesota National Guard from its opening until 1985. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
In addition to its military use, the armory hosted sporting events, political conventions, and music concerts. It was the home arena of the Minneapolis Lakers of the NBA (now the Los Angeles Lakers) from 1947 until 1960. Later used as a parking facility, the armory underwent renovations and was turned into an 8,400-person events center and concert venue. Since its reopening in 2018, it has hosted numerous musical performances, including during the weekend of Super Bowl LII.
History
The armory was the costliest single building in Minnesota supported by a Public Works Administration grant. The building is an example of the PWA Moderne style, a design characterized by strong geometry, bold contouring and integrated sculpture ornamentation. The building was designed by St. Paul architect P.C. Bettenburg, who was also a major in the Minnesota National Guard. St. Paul artist Elsa Jemne painted murals in the building.<ref>McGlauflin, ed., Who's Who in American Art 1938–1939" vol.2, The American Federation of Arts, Washington, D.C., 1937 p. 274</ref>
From the late 1930s through the 1970s, in addition to serving as an armory for Minnesota National Guard units based in Minneapolis, it was a venue for civic events, including concerts, political conventions and sporting events such as Golden Gloves tournaments. The building was used by the Minneapolis Lakers of the National Basketball Association as a part-time home between 1947 and 1959, and as its primary home court for the 1959–60 NBA season.
Professional motorcycle racing took place inside the Armory during the winter months from 1968 through 1980. The Minnesota National Guard was still operating at the armory as late as 1985.
Hennepin County bought the armory in 1989 for $4.7 million, with plans to demolish it and place a new county jail on the site. The Minnesota Historical Society sued to stop its destruction and in 1993, the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled that the structure was protected by state law, and could not be torn down because of its historical status. In 1998, the county sold the building for $2.6 million to a private company for use as a parking structure on condition that it be preserved.
In 2015, the Armory was purchased by a local development firm for $6 million. The building was converted from a parking facility to an 8,400-capacity events center and concert venue. It reopened in January 2018 in time to host several events related to Super Bowl LII.
The building was designated a Minneapolis historic landmark in 2017.
In popular culture
Minneapolis native Prince used the building to shoot the music video for "1999" in 1982.
In 1998, Aerosmith recorded the video for "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" there.
The 1998 comedy The Naked Man'' filmed scenes at the Armory as well.
See also
List of Registered Historic Places in Minnesota
References
External links
Armories on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota
Art Deco architecture in Minnesota
Basketball venues in Minnesota
Former National Basketball Association venues
Installations of the United States Army National Guard
Government buildings completed in 1936
Minneapolis Lakers venues
National Register of Historic Places in Minneapolis
Public Works Administration in Minnesota
PWA Moderne architecture
Sports venues in Minneapolis
1936 establishments in Minnesota
Event venues on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota
Sports venues completed in 1936
Music venues in Minnesota
Tourist attractions in Minneapolis |
23571663 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradise%20Hotel%20%28disambiguation%29 | Paradise Hotel (disambiguation) | Paradise Hotel is a reality television series.
Paradise Hotel may also refer to:
Paradise Hotel (Hyderabad), India
Paradise Hotel, the site of the 2002 Mombasa attacks in Nairobi, Kenya
Paradise Hotel (film), a 2010 documentary film
L'Hôtel du libre échange, an 1894 French comedy by playwright Georges Feydeau, sometimes translated as Paradise Hotel
See also
Hotel Paradise (disambiguation) |
23571671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traherne | Traherne | Traherne, Trahern, or Treherne is a Welsh surname, and may refer to:
Cennydd Traherne (1910–1995), Welsh landowner
John Treherne (1929–1989), English entomologist
John Montgomery Traherne (1788–1860), Welsh Anglican priest and antiquarian
Llewelyn Traherne (1766–1842), Welsh magistrate, High Sheriff of Glamorgan in 1801
Margaret Traherne (1919–2006), British artist
Philip Traherne (1635–1686), English diplomat and author
Thomas Traherne (c. 1636 – 1674), English poet and religious writer
Thomas Trahern (officer of arms) (died 1542), English officer-of-arms, Somerset Herald
See also
Traherne Island, one of two islands contained within the Motu Manawa (Pollen Island) Marine Reserve
Treherne (disambiguation)
Anglicised Welsh-language surnames |
23571677 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AEr%C3%AEta | Pîrîta | Pîrîta is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova.
Notable people
Vadim Pisari
References
Villages of Dubăsari District
Populated places on the Dniester |
20465002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragan%20Tsankov%20Boulevard | Dragan Tsankov Boulevard | Dragan Tsankov Boulevard () is a large boulevard in Bulgaria's capital Sofia. It is named after the Bulgarian politician Dragan Tsankov. It stretches from the intersection with Evlogi Georgiev Boulevard, north of which it is called Graf Ignatiev Street, and the junction with G. M. Dimitrov Boulevard, south of which it is called St Clement of Ohrid Boulevard. The Perlovska River flows under the boulevard at the junction with Evlogi Georgiev Boulevard.
Landmarks along the boulevard are the Bulgarian National Radio building, Faculty of Biology of the Sofia University, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia Municipal Court. The Borisova Gradina TV Tower is located at the junction with Peyo Yavorov Boulevard. From there do the intersection with G. M. Dimitrov Boulevard are situated the Russian Embassy, Park Hotel Moskva, World Trade Center - Sofia, the Transport Police Department of Sofia Police. The red line of the Sofia Metro runs under the boulevard north of Joliot-Curie Metro Station and on a viaduct south of it.
Streets in Sofia |
23571687 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C20H29N3O2 | C20H29N3O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C20H29N3O2}}
The molecular formula C20H29N3O2 (molar mass: 343.46 g/mol, exact mass: 343.2260 u) may refer to:
ADBICA (ADB-PICA)
Cinchocaine
Molecular formulas |
23571688 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia%20I%2C%20Abbess%20of%20Gandersheim | Sophia I, Abbess of Gandersheim | Sophia I (September 975 – 30 January 1039), a member of the royal Ottonian dynasty, was Abbess of Gandersheim from 1002, and from 1011 also Abbess of Essen. The daughter of Emperor Otto II and his consort Theophanu, she was an important kingmaker in medieval Germany.
Early life
According to the chronicles by Thietmar of Merseburg, Sophia was born to Emperor Otto II and Theophanu. She may have been the first surviving daughter, born in 975, though other sources indicate that her sister Adelaide, born 977, was in fact the eldest. Sophia is first documented in a 979 deed of donation, when her father entrusted her education to his first cousin, Abbess Gerberga II of Gandersheim. Sophia was raised and educated in Gandersheim Abbey to become abbess from childhood. Sophia being placed to take over Gandersheim abbey is significant as the abbey held a place of importance to the Ottonian dynasty. The abbey was founded by Duke Liudolf of Saxony, the oldest member of the Ottonian lineage, and was the site where many members of the family were laid to rest. The Abbey’s significance to the dynasty likely also helped keep peace between the often opposed Ottonian and Henrican lines of the Liudolfings, with Duke Henry the Quarrelsome, son of Henry of Bavaria who threatened the rule of his brother Otto I and father of Emperor Henry II, dying and being buried at the abbey while Sophia was a canoness there in 995. Abbess Gerberga taught her convent discipline and common law, both of which she mastered. Sophia received many grants of rights and property from her father as well as from her brother, Otto III, who succeeded as King of the Romans in 983.
Sophia took the vows to become a canoness in 989. As an emperor's daughter, she insisted on receiving the veil from the hands of The contemporary chronicler Thangmar, in his Vita Bernwardi (Life of Saint Bernward), records several incidents in which Sophia exercised her influence in the abbey to influence a dispute between the Bishops of Mainz and Hildesheim over their jurisdictions. Thangmar is often criticized as being an unreliable and biased source with authorship of portions of the Vita Bernwardi being brought into question by some scholars. This was a significant dispute at the time as Bishops exercised a considerable amount of political influence during the Ottonian Dynasty. Sophia insisted that she take the veil from Archbishop Willigis of Mainz, the archchancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, affronting the local Bishop Osdag of Hildesheim. Archbishop Willigis was very close to Otto III as he was one of the few members of clergy that supported Otto III during an attempted coup by Henry the Quarreler in 983. It is likely that Theophanu saw the veiling of Sophia as an opportunity for Willigis to show authority over Gandersheim as reward for his support during the coup attempt. This led to Osdag moving his episcopal throne from Hildesheim to the altar at Gandersheim. This led to a public argument between Osdag and Willigis before an assembly of canonesses as well as the Emperor Otto III and Theophanu. The two later agreed to veil Sophia together as long as Osdag retained the right to veil all other canonesses at the abbey.
Thangmar claimed that on several occasions when Bishop Bernward visited Gandersheim, that Sophia had convinced the canonesses of the abbey to receive him coldly rather than to give him a proper welcome. On one instance when Bernward came to consecrate a new church in 1000, he was met with an angry mob and upon successfully making his way into the church to begin mass, the canonesses reportedly cursed him and threw their offerings on the ground in front of Bernward rather than to present them to him in a respectful manner. In another instance, according to Thangmar, after returning from a meeting with Pope Sylvester II in which Bernward was granted authority over Gandersheim in 1001, the Bishop was kept from entering the church by a group of soldiers assembled by Sophia, who had taken defensive positions around the church. Bernward returned and consecrated the Abbey in 1007 with the support of Emperor Henry II, but in 1021 when Aribo became the new Archbishop of Mainz, Sophia asked of him to question Bernward’s authority and again return Gandersheim to the jurisdiction of Mainz. Thangmar attributes these incidents to Sophia being prideful, irreverent, and falling to excess and vice. Though he is considered to be a very biased source, intending to show Bernward in good light, this may not actually reflect the attitude of Sophia.It is worth noting of Bernward’s apparent dislike for Sophia, that Gandersheim was a rather wealthy Abbey, being granted rights to collect tolls at a local major crossroad, mint coins, and to have a market in 990 by Otto III, and if not accepted as having authority there, he would not be able to benefit off of the Abbey’s revenues. When Otto III granted these rights to the abbey, he also granted authority to hold a court which would take precedence over other judicial forums.
Sophia and her brother, Otto III, seemed to be on good terms with each other; she received several gifts and attended the 994 Imperial Diet, where Otto was declared to have reached majority. He vested his sister with the estates of Eschwege Abbey, at the explicit wish of their late mother Theophanu who had died in 991. Sophia also acted as an intercessor for her brother on many diplomas granted by his court. From 995 until 997, Sophia was absent from the convent, accompanying her brother on his first Italian campaign. She acted as abbess of Eschwege from 997. Sophia’s time in her brother’s court allowed her to make many connections with politically powerful people and nobles across Saxony, allowing her to take on a much more active role in politics than the Abbesses which preceded her at Gandersheim.
Princess-Abbess
In 1001, her tutor Abbess Gerberga II of Gandersheim died. However, due to her brother's death, Sophia was not to be elected her successor until 1002, with the approval of the new king Henry II. Likely as a reward for her support of Henry’s claim to the throne, Sophia was made Abbess at the same ceremony where Queen Cunigund was crowned. Sophia would later fight her ecclesiastical superiors who, with approval of Emperor Henry II, endangered Gandersheim's privileges and her own status.
In April of 1002, Sophia played a significant role in the crowning of Henry II. Sophia, along with her sister, Adelheid of Quedlinburg, attended a gathering of nobles at Werla to discuss the succession of the crown. After an assembly in which many saxon nobles supported the claim of Duke Henry of Bavaria over Margrave Ekkehard of Meißen, a small feast had been prepared for Sophia and Adelheid. In retaliation for his lack of support, Ekkehard sat at the table before Sophia and Adelheid arrived and ate the food prepared for him. This incident angered Sophia and Adelheid, causing them to further support Henry’s claim. After leaving the assembly with critic of Sophia, Bishop Bernward of Hildesheim, Ekkehard was murdered by a group of nobles near Pohlde. After Ekkehard’s death, many nobles supported Duke Hermann of Swabia, but the influence of Sophia, Adelheid and other Saxon elites allowed Duke Henry to be crowned Henry II in June of 1002. They later legitimized him in 1024, when he visited Vreden and Quedlinburg. Sophia and her sister later played the same role in the election of Conrad II as first Holy Roman Emperor of the Salian dynasty.
In 1011, Sophia was also granted Essen Abbey on the death of her cousin Mathilde. The succession had initially been reserved for her younger sister Matilda, who nevertheless had married Count Palatine Ezzo of Lotharingia instead. According to the local historian Georg Humann (1847–1932), Essen was always secondary for Sophia, and the importance of the abbey declined somewhat under her rule. The rebuilding of Essen Minster was delayed, though recent research suggests that it was Sophia who initiated the remodeling of the Enamel Cross.
Death
She ruled her abbeys successfully until her death in 1039. Despite the help he had received from the sisters, Conrad II denied Adelheid's request to succeed Sophia as Abbess of Gandersheim. Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, eventually granted Adelheid the right to rule Gandersheim.
Ancestry
References
|-
970s births
1039 deaths
Ottonian dynasty
11th-century Saxon people
10th-century German women
11th-century German abbesses
People of Byzantine descent
Abbesses of Gandersheim
Daughters of emperors
Daughters of kings |
17327855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum%20Beach%20Light | Plum Beach Light | Plum Beach Light (Lighthouse), built in 1899, is a sparkplug lighthouse in North Kingstown, Rhode Island.
The lighthouse was built using pneumatic caisson engineering. A granite base was added in 1922. The light was deactivated in 1941 when the first Jamestown Bridge was built. The light became dilapidated until 1999 when the Friends of Plum Beach Lighthouse received ownership of the lighthouse. The lighthouse is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2003 the Plum Beach Lighthouse's exterior was completely restored and its beacon re-activated soon after; it is now licensed as a Coast Guard Private Aid to Navigation. The Friends of the Plum Beach Lighthouse designed, submitted and introduced an official License Plate to be distributed to any Rhode Island private passenger registration. The extremely popular plates have sold over 7000 sets since they were released in July 2010.
History
Lighthouse Construction
Construction started on Plum Beach Lighthouse in 1896. It was built using a pneumatic caisson. The lighthouse’s foundation was built on shore and towed to its present location and sunk to the bottom. Once the foundation settled on the bottom, the water was pumped out and filled with air. Workers went into it and dug the dirt at the bottom of the foundation. As they removed the dirt, the foundation sunk lower in to river bottom. A core sample taken during construction discovered a seven-foot layer of quicksand at the depth the foundation was going to bottom out. Construction was stopped because the foundation had to be heightened to get past the quicksand. This required additional funding. The foundation was covered with a wooden peaked roof. A red light was placed on the unfinished foundation in 1897. Congress appropriated $9,000 in 1898 to finish it. Work was restarted in April 1899 and was finished in June 1899. It was first lighted on July 1, 1898.
Abandonment and declining condition
The Jamestown Bridge was completed in 1940, and the lighthouse soon became obsolete. In 1941, The Coast Guard officially extinguished the light on 1 May 1941. Shortly after the lighthouse was put up for bid, with the Coast Guard giving preference to those willing to demolish or move the lighthouse within 90 days. When no bids were offered, the structure was abandoned. During the following period of disuse, the lighthouse's windows and doors disappeared, and pigeons claimed it as their home. Soon, a thick layer of guano covered the floors of the lighthouse, and was no longer safe for unprotected human contact. In 1971 and 1972, a University of Rhode Island professor and graduate student began making weekly visits to the lighthouse to conduct studies on the pigeons. To protect themselves from the guano, the URI experimenters wore masks and other protective clothing. In 1971, the professor and student discovered a natural population control system used by the pigeons, in which the birds abandoned approximately 40% of their eggs each year to keep the number of births each year nearly the same. The next year, the researchers removed 20% of the eggs, and the pigeons compensated by abandoning many fewer eggs.
Painting efforts and lawsuit
Little was done to protect the lighthouse until the mid 1970s when an attempt was made to paint the structure. Because of the amount of bird droppings in the building, the painting effort ceased after one of the workers became ill from the effects of the guano. After years of ownership squabbles between the Coast Guard and the State of Rhode Island, with neither side wanting to cover the maintenance costs, the dispute was finally settled when James Osborn, a painter who had worked at the lighthouse in the 1970s, sued the state in 1984 for $500,000 as compensation for a rare disease called histoplasmosis he contracted from all the dried guano in the lighthouse. In 1998, after much time the care spent bouncing back and forth between Rhode Island's Supreme and Superior Courts, the courts decided the state owned the structure, and the state paid Osborn $42,000 three months later.
Private ownership and restoration
In 1988, a private company attempted to purchase the lighthouse and move it to a Quincy, Massachusetts, condominium development, where they would convert it to a lighthouse history museum. When this plan was made public, Portsmouth, Rhode Island resident Shirley Silvia, organized the Friends of Plum Beach Lighthouse, a nonprofit organization, with the purpose of purchasing the lighthouse, restoring it, and preserving it in its original condition and location. However, neither group was able to buy the structure due to the disputed ownership which had not yet been decided by courts. When the State of Rhode Island was given the deed to the property in 1999, they gave ownership to the Friends of Plum Beach Lighthouse. In a ceremony held at Plum Beach, the Friends' President and founder Shirley Silvia accepted the deed from DEM Director Jan Reitsma. Also in attendance were board members Dot and George Silva, and Friends vice-president Alda Kaye. In the same year, the Friends received a $500,000 grant to restore the tower under the Transportation Act for the 21st Century. In 2000, after visiting the site, the Newport Collaborative Architects gave an estimate of $955,000 to restore the entire exterior and interior of the lighthouse.
In October 2009, the Friends of Plum Beach Lighthouse received approval to offer license plates featuring an image of the lighthouse. Proceeds from the sale of the plates would be used to maintain the lighthouse, but an initial order of 900 plates was required. The Friends were able to surpass the minimum order in just eight weeks of sales, and since then over 10,000 have been sold. Revenue from the plates was used to repaint the lighthouse in 2010 and 2017.
List of keepers and assistants
Gallery
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Rhode Island
Notes
External links
Lighthouse pics and info
Lighthouses in Washington County, Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in North Kingstown, Rhode Island
Lighthouses completed in 1899
1899 establishments in Rhode Island
Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Rhode Island |
20465016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plunketts%20Creek%20Bridge%20No.%203 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 | Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a rubble masonry stone arch bridge over Plunketts Creek in Plunketts Creek Township, Lycoming County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It was built between 1840 and 1875, probably closer to 1840, when the road along the creek between the unincorporated villages of Barbours and Proctor was constructed. Going upstream from the mouth, the bridge was the third to cross the creek, hence its name.
The bridge was long, with an arch that spanned , a deck wide, and a roadway width of . It carried a single lane of traffic. In the 19th century, the bridge and its road were used by the lumber, leather, and coal industries active along the creek. By the early 20th century, these industries had almost entirely left, and the villages declined. The area the bridge served reverted mostly to second growth forest and it was used to access Pennsylvania State Game Lands and a state pheasant farm.
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was considered "significant as an intact example of mid-19th century stone arch bridge construction", and was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on June 22, 1988. Although it was repaired after a major flood in 1918, a record flood on January 21, 1996, severely damaged the bridge, and it was demolished in March 1996. Before the 1996 flood about 450 vehicles crossed it each day. Later that year, a replacement bridge was built and the old stone structure was documented by the Historic American Engineering Record. It was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002.
History
Early inhabitants and name
Plunketts Creek is in the West Branch Susquehanna River drainage basin, the earliest recorded inhabitants of which were the Susquehannocks. Their numbers were greatly reduced by disease and warfare with the Five Nations of the Iroquois, and by 1675 they had died out, moved away, or been assimilated into other tribes. The West Branch Susquehanna River valley was subsequently under the nominal control of the Iroquois, who invited displaced tribes, including the Lenape (Delaware) and Shawnee to live in the lands vacated by the Susquehannocks. The French and Indian War (1754–1763) led to the migration of many Native Americans westward to the Ohio River basin. On November 5, 1768, the British acquired the New Purchase from the Iroquois in the Treaty of Fort Stanwix, including what is now Plunketts Creek. The first settlement along the creek by European colonists took place between 1770 and 1776.
Plunketts Creek is named for Colonel William Plunkett, a physician, who was the first president judge of Northumberland County after it was formed in 1772. During conflicts with Native Americans, he treated wounded settlers and fought the natives. Plunkett led a Pennsylvania expedition in the Pennamite-Yankee War to forcibly remove settlers from Connecticut, who had claimed and settled on lands in the Wyoming Valley also claimed by Pennsylvania. For his services, Plunkett was granted six tracts of land that totaled on November 14, 1776, although the land was not actually surveyed until September 1783. Plunkett's land included the creek's mouth, so Plunketts Creek was given his name. He died in 1791, aged about 100, and was buried in Northumberland without a grave marker or monument (except for the creek that bears his name).
Lycoming County was formed from Northumberland County in 1795. When Plunketts Creek Township was formed in Lycoming County in 1838, the original name proposed was "Plunkett Township", but Plunkett's lack of active support for the American Revolution some years earlier had led some to believe his loyalty lay with the British Empire. The lingering suspicion of his loyalist sympathies led to the proposed name being rejected. Naming the township for the creek rather than its namesake was seen as an acceptable compromise.
Villages and road
In 1832, John Barbour built a sawmill on Loyalsock Creek near the mouth of Plunketts Creek. This developed into the village of Barbours Mills, today known as Barbours. In the 19th century, Barbours had several blacksmiths, a temperance hotel, post office, many sawmills, a school, store and wagon maker. In 1840, a road was built north from Barbours along Plunketts Creek, crossing it several times. This is the earliest possible date for construction of the bridge, but the surviving county road docket on the construction mentions neither bridges nor fords for crossing the creek.
The bridge is at the mouth of Coal Mine Hollow, and the road it was on was used by the lumber and coal industries that were active in Plunketts Creek Township during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Creeks in the township supplied water power to 14 mills in 1861, and by 1876 there were 19 sawmills, a shingle mill, a woolen factory, and a tannery. By the latter half of the 19th century, these industries supported the inhabitants of two villages in Plunketts Creek Township.
In 1868 the village of Proctorville was founded as a company town for Thomas E. Proctor's tannery, which was completed in 1873. Proctor, as it is now known, is north of Barbours along Plunketts Creek, and the main road to it crossed the bridge. The bark from eastern hemlock trees was used in the tanning process, and the village originally sat in the midst of vast forests of hemlock. The tannery employed "several hundred" workers at wages between 50 cents and $1.75 a day. These employees lived in 120 company houses, which each cost $2 a month to rent. In 1892, Proctor had a barber shop, two blacksmiths, cigar stand, Independent Order of Odd Fellows hall, leather shop, news stand, a post office (established in 1885), a two-room school, two stores, and a wagon shop.
The road between Barbours and Proctor crosses Plunketts Creek four times and the four bridges are numbered in order, starting from the southernmost in Barbours near the mouth and going upstream. While evidence such as maps indicates that the third bridge was constructed close to 1840, the first definitive proof of its existence is a survey to relocate the road between the second and third bridges in 1875. The first bridge over Plunketts Creek was replaced with a covered bridge in 1880, and the second bridge was replaced in 1886. That same year, the road between the second and third bridges was moved again, returning to its original position on the west side of the creek.
Finished sole leather was hauled over the bridge by horse-drawn wagon south about to Little Bear Creek, where it was exchanged for "green" hides and other supplies brought north from Montoursville. These were then hauled north across the bridge into Proctor. The hides, which were tanned to make leather, came from the United States, and as far away as Mexico, Argentina, and China. Hemlock bark, used in the tanning process, was hauled to the tannery from up to away in both summer and winter, using wagons and sleds. The lumber boom on Plunketts Creek ended when the virgin timber ran out. By 1898, the old growth hemlock was exhausted and the Proctor tannery, then owned by the Elk Tanning Company, was closed and dismantled.
20th century
Small-scale lumbering continued in the watershed in the 20th century, but the last logs were floated under the bridge down Plunketts Creek to Loyalsock Creek in 1905. In 1918, a flood on the creek damaged the road for on both sides of the bridge, and caused "settling and cracking of the bridge itself". The bridge had needed repairs and reconstruction. In 1931, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania passed legislation that gave the state responsibility for the costs of road and bridge maintenance for many highways belonging to local municipalities. This took effect in 1932, relieving Plunketts Creek Township and Lycoming County of the responsibility.
Without timber and the tannery, the populations of Proctor and Barbours declined, as did traffic on the road and bridges between them. The Barbours post office closed in the 1930s and the Proctor post office closed on July 1, 1953. Both villages also lost their schools and almost all of their businesses. Proctor celebrated its centennial in 1968, and a 1970 newspaper article on its 39th annual "Proctor Homecoming" reunion called it a "near-deserted old tannery town". In the 1980s, the last store in Barbours closed, and the former hotel (which had become a hunting club) was torn down to make way for a new bridge across Loyalsock Creek.
Plunketts Creek has been a place for lumber and tourism since its villages were founded, and as industry declined, nature recovered. Second growth forests have since covered most of the clear-cut land. Pennsylvania's state legislature authorized the acquisition of abandoned and clear-cut land for Pennsylvania State Game Lands in 1919, and the Pennsylvania Game Commission (PGC) acquired property along Plunketts Creek for State Game Lands Number 134 between 1937 and 1945. The main entrance to State Game Lands 134 is just north of the bridge site, on the east side of the creek.
The PGC established the Northcentral State Game Farm in 1945 on part of State Game Lands 134 to raise wild turkey. The farm was converted to ringneck pheasant production in 1981, and, as of 2007, it was one of four Pennsylvania state game farms that produced about 200,000 pheasants each year for release on land open to public hunting. The Northcentral State Game Farm is chiefly in the Plunketts Creek valley, just south of Proctor and north of the bridge. The opening weekend of the trout season brings more people into the village of Barbours at the mouth of Plunketts Creek than any other time of the year.
On June 22, 1988, the bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), as part of the Multiple Property Submission (MPS) of Highway Bridges Owned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation, TR. The MPS included 135 bridges owned by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT), 58 of which were of the stone arch type. While the individual NRHP form for the bridge cites a 1932 inspection report (the year that the state took over its maintenance), the MPS form mistakenly gives the bridge's date of construction as 1932.
Flood and destruction
In January 1996, there was major flooding throughout Pennsylvania. The 1995–1996 early winter was unusually cold, and considerable ice buildup formed in local streams. A major blizzard on January 6–8 produced up to of snow, which was followed on January 19–21 by more than of rain with temperatures as high as and winds up to . The rain and snowmelt caused flooding throughout Pennsylvania and ice jams made this worse on many streams. Elsewhere in Lycoming County, flooding on Lycoming Creek in and near Williamsport killed six people and caused millions of dollars in damage.
On Plunketts Creek, ice jams led to record flooding, which caused irreparable major damage to the mid-19th century stone arch bridge. Downstream in Barbours, the waters were deep in what was then called the village's "worst flood in history". Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was one of two destroyed in Lycoming County, and on January 31 a photograph of the damaged bridge was featured on the front page of the Williamsport Sun-Gazette with the caption "This old stone arch bridge over Plunketts Creek must be replaced." In neighboring Sullivan County, the Sonestown Covered Bridge, also on the NRHP, was so damaged by the flood that it remained closed for repairs until late December 1996. Throughout Pennsylvania, these floods led to 20 deaths and 69 municipal- or state-owned bridges being either "destroyed or closed until inspections could verify their safety".
When it became clear that the bridge could not be repaired, PennDOT awarded an emergency contract for a temporary bridge before the end of January, citing "emergency vehicles that can no longer travel directly from Barbours" to Proctor and beyond. The temporary bridge cost $87,000 and was wide. The photographs for the bridge's inclusion in the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) were taken in January, and the HAER "documentation package was prepared as mitigation for the emergency demolition" of the bridge, which was collapsed in March. The permanent replacement bridge was completed in 1996, and the old bridge was removed from the NRHP on July 22, 2002.
Description and construction
Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was a rubble masonry stone arch bridge, oriented roughly east–west over Plunketts Creek. Its overall length was and its single semi-circular arch spanned . The bridge deck width was , and its roadway was wide, which could accommodate only a single lane of traffic. Just before the flood that led to the bridge's destruction, about 450 vehicles crossed the bridge daily. The outside corners of the wing walls were apart, which combined with the overall length of led to a total area of being listed on the NRHP.
The bridge rested on abutments which had been jacketed with concrete after its original construction. The arch was supported by voussoirs made of "irregular rubble stone", without a keystone. There was also no stone giving the date or other construction information. The approaches were flanked by wing walls constructed of riprap stones, and the spandrel walls were topped by parapets made of "rough, crenellated stones". The bridge's road deck rested directly on the top of its arch. This led to a "narrow wall at the arch crown" and a "protruding rock parapet" atop this spandrel wall on either side. Most stone arch bridges have solid parapets without decoration; this bridge's parapet crenellation was an ornamental feature. The parapet construction and appearance made the bridge unique among the 58 Pennsylvania stone arch bridges with which it was nominated for the NRHP.
Pennsylvania has a long history of stone arch bridges, including the oldest such bridge in use in the United States, the 1697 Frankford Avenue Bridge over Pennypack Creek in Philadelphia. Such bridges typically used local stone, with three types of finishing possible. Rubble or third-class masonry construction used stones just as they came from the quarry; squared-stone or second-class masonry used stones that had been roughly dressed and squared; and ashlar or first-class masonry used stones which had been finely dressed and carefully squared. Rubble masonry was the quickest and cheapest for construction, and had the largest tolerances. Many of the oldest stone bridges in Pennsylvania were built using rubble masonry techniques.
Stone bridge construction started with the excavation of foundations for the abutments. Then a temporary structure known as a center or centering would be built of wood or iron. This structure supported the stone arch during construction. Once the stone arch was built, the spandrel walls and wing walls could be added. Then the road bed was built, with fill (loose stones or dirt) added to support it as needed. Wall and arch stones were generally set in place dry to ensure a good fit, then set in mortar. Once the bridge was complete and the mortar had properly hardened, the center was gradually lowered and then removed. In March 1996, after standing for between 156 and 121 years, the arch of Bridge No. 3 finally collapsed.
Note
a. The January 1996 flood which destroyed Plunketts Creek Bridge No. 3 was surpassed by flooding associated with remnants of Tropical Storm Lee in September 2011. In the nearby village of Shunk in Fox Township, Sullivan County, Lee dumped of rainfall. Plunketts Creek has no stream gauge, but just downstream of its mouth the gauge on the Loyalsock Creek bridge at Barbours was a record on September 7, 2011 (for comparison, the January 20–21, 1996 flood crest was ). The 2011 flooding destroyed a small stone bridge on Wallis Run Road in Proctor over a tributary of Plunketts Creek.
See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
References
Bridges completed in 1875
Bridges in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Demolished bridges in the United States
Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania
Stone arch bridges in the United States |
6900192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Invisible%20Intruder | The Invisible Intruder | The Invisible Intruder is the 46th volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1969 under Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Nancy and her friends are invited on a ghost-hunting tour, visiting various locations reputed to be haunted. They gather clues that point to a more mundane explanation.
Nancy uncovers a gang of thieves that are stealing rare shells from collectors. Some of these shells are no longer rare, such as Conus gloriamaris.
Helen, Nancy's friend from the earliest books in the series, makes a rare appearance. Previously Helen Corning, she is now married to Jim Archer and goes by Helen Archer.
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1969 American novels
1969 children's books
Children's mystery novels
Grosset & Dunlap books |
6900193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skyrocket%20Smith | Skyrocket Smith | Samuel J. "Skyrocket" Smith (March 19, 1868 – April 26, 1916) was a Major League Baseball first baseman. He played for the Louisville Colonels of the American Association during the first half of the 1888 season (April 18-July 8). The 20-year-old rookie stood and weighed 170 lbs.
As the regular first baseman for 58 games, Smith hit .239 (49-for-206), but 24 bases on balls and 11 hit by pitches (#9 in the league) pushed his on-base percentage up to .349. He hit 1 home run, had 31 runs batted in, scored 27 runs, and had five stolen bases. He was average defensively for his era, with a fielding percentage of .970. The Colonels had a record of 21–40 (.344) at the time of Smith's departure, and were 27–47 (.365) afterwards. Smith also played in various minor leagues from 1884 to 1895.
After his baseball career was over, Smith became a firefighter for the city of St. Louis, Missouri. He died of uremia at the age of 48.
References
External links
Retrosheet
1868 births
1916 deaths
19th-century baseball players
Major League Baseball first basemen
Louisville Colonels players
New Castle Neshannocks players
St. Joseph Reds players
Denver (minor league baseball) players
Des Moines Prohibitionists players
Seattle (minor league baseball) players
Walla Walla Walla Wallas players
Memphis Lambs players
Memphis Giants players
Baseball players from Baltimore
Deaths from kidney disease
American firefighters
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (St. Louis) |
23571689 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxentea | Oxentea | Oxentea is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova.
References
Villages of Dubăsari District
Populated places on the Dniester |
6900195 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20of%20Tanjung%20Pelepas%20Highway | Port of Tanjung Pelepas Highway | Port of Tanjung Pelepas Highway, Federal Route 177, is a highway that connects the Port of Tanjung Pelepas interchange on the Second Link Expressway E3 to Port of Tanjung Pelepas, Johor, Malaysia. This 6.6 km (4.1 mi) highway has a motorcycle lane. The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 177 starts at Port of Tanjung Pelepas.
At most sections, the Federal Route 177 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, with a speed limit of 90 km/h.
List of interchanges
References
Highways in Malaysia
Malaysian Federal Roads |
23571690 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borsalino%20%28film%29 | Borsalino (film) | Borsalino is a 1970 French gangster film directed by Jacques Deray and starring Jean-Paul Belmondo, Alain Delon and Catherine Rouvel. It was entered into the 20th Berlin International Film Festival. In 2009, Empire named it No. 19 in a poll of "The 20 Greatest Gangster Movies You've Never Seen… Probably". A sequel, Borsalino & Co., was released in 1974 with Alain Delon in the leading role. The film is based on real-life gangsters Paul Carbone and François Spirito, who collaborated with Nazi Germany during the occupation of France in World War II (though this is not mentioned in the film).
Plot
In 1930, in Marseille, a gangster named Siffredi is released from prison and searches for his former girlfriend, Lola. He finds her with Capella, another gangster. The two men fight over her but become friendly and form a partnership, fixing horseraces and prizefights.
They are contacted by Rinaldi, a lawyer who works for Marello and Poli, the two crime bosses who control all the organized crime in Marseille. Rinaldi suggests that Siffredi and Capella should seize control of Marseille's fish market and take it away from Marello. They succeed but they become too ambitious and try to take control of the meat market which is controlled by Poli. He tries to have Capella and Siffredi killed but they succeed in killing him instead. Rinaldi is killed by another gangster named The Dancer.
Capella and Siffredi establish themselves as the new bosses of Marseille's underworld. Capella decides to leave Marseille but is killed by an assassin. Siffredi then decides to leave Marseille himself.
Cast
Jean-Paul Belmondo – François Capella
Alain Delon – Roch Siffredi
Arnoldo Foà – Marello
Catherine Rouvel – Lola
Françoise Christophe – Simone Escarguel
Corinne Marchand – Mme Rinaldi
Laura Adani – Mme Siffredi, la mère de Roch
Nicole Calfan – Ginette
Hélène Rémy – Lydia
Odette Piquet – La chanteuse
Mario David – Mario
Lionel Vitrant – Fernand
Dennis Berry – Nono
Jean Aron – Martial Roger, le compatible
André Bollet – Poli
Pierre Koulak – Spada
Production
Development
Alain Delon wanted to produce the film because he was looking for a project in which to collaborate with Jean-Paul Belmondo. He found the story of Carbone and Spirito in a crime book he was reading about French gangsters from 1900 to 1970.
Originally the film was going to be called Carbone and Spirito, but after there were objections about using the names of real gangsters, the characters were fictionalized and the idea was dropped. Alain Delon said he wanted something like Vera Cruz because the title would not have to be translated all around the world. Eventually, the title was taken from the famous Borsalino company which had been making fedora-style hats since the late 19th century. Its golden age was between the 1920s and 1940s, which is within the film's time frame. As a consequence of the movie, there was revival in the popularity of Borsalino fedora hats.
Casting
Despite Delon's desire to work with Belmondo, the relationship between the pair broke down after filming was completed. Director Jacques Deray noted that, "All through production Delon was impeccable, never interfered. But when the film was completed "Delon the producer" stepped in and took it over." Delon said while promoting the film in the US:
We are still what you in America call pals or buddies. But we are not friends. There is a difference. He was my guest in the film but still he complained. I like him as an actor but as a person, he's a bit different. I think his reaction was a stupid reaction... almost like a female reaction. But I don't want to talk about him anymore.
Delon's associate producer, Pierre Caro, said:
If you ask me, I think Belmondo was afraid from the first to make a picture with Alain. He demanded the same number of close ups. Alain had to cancel a lot of his best scenes because they made him look better than Belmondo. My own feeling is that they will never work together again. Alain says they will but he lies.
Under the terms of their contracts, Belmondo and Delon were required to have the same number of close-ups, which prompted Delon to dye his hair black for his role.
Belmondo later sued Delon in court over the manner in which their names were billed in the production. Belmondo was annoyed that the title card "an Alain Delon Production" appeared before his name in the credits.
Filming
The film was shot on location in and around Marseille, France. Interiors were completed in Paris. The film remains one of the most expensive French films ever made. Finance mostly came from Paramount Pictures.
Reception
The film was a large success at the French box office, breaking records throughout the country. It had admissions in France of 4,710,381. This made it the fourth most watched film of the year, after The Gendarme Takes Off, Atlantic Wall, and Rider on the Rain. It was followed by The Red Circle, MASH, Once Upon a Time in the West, The Things of Life, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, Donkey Skin and The Damned.
The film was also very popular elsewhere in Europe, but did not break through in the US the way the filmmakers hoped. While it was released the Marković affair was still being heavily publicised, adding to the film's notoriety.
Variety said "problem is that pic is more a vehicle for its stars' personalities than a more cogent insight into French pre-war organized gangsters." Time Out remarked it was "fairly basic as a gangster pastiche ...but not unenjoyable thanks to its loudly stressed period detail and Claude Bolling's jolly score for mechanical piano."
References
External links
Borsalino at Le Film Guide
Review of film at The New York Times
Borsalino at TCMDB
1970 films
1970s buddy comedy films
1970s crime comedy films
Films about organized crime in France
Films directed by Jacques Deray
Films produced by Alain Delon
Films set in 1930
Films set in Marseille
Films shot in Marseille
Films shot in Paris
French crime comedy films
1970s French-language films
French gangster films
Italian gangster films
Italian buddy comedy films
Italian crime comedy films
Films with screenplays by Jean-Claude Carrière
1970 comedy films
Films scored by Claude Bolling
1970s Italian films
1970s French films |
6900207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mysterious%20Mannequin | The Mysterious Mannequin | The Mysterious Mannequin is the forty-seventh volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1970 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was a ghostwriter following a plot outlined by Harriet Stratemeyer Adams, heir to the Stratemeyer Syndicate.
Plot
The strange disappearance of Carson Drew's Turkish client and a strange gift of an oriental rug encoded with a message woven in the decorative border start Nancy on a difficult search for a missing mannequin. But then, a robber tries to steal the rug from the Drew home. Nancy, Bess, George, Ned, Burt, Carson, and Dave travel to Istanbul to search for more clues; but then, Bess disappears during the search after the chums meet a young Turkish woman.
Nancy Drew books
1970 American novels
1970 children's books
Novels set in Turkey
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
17327857 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyangzan | Chyangzan | Chyangzan is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
23571693 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutland | Rutland | Rutland () is a ceremonial county and unitary authority in the East Midlands, England. The county is bounded to the west and north by Leicestershire, to the northeast by Lincolnshire and the southeast by Northamptonshire.
Its greatest length north to south is only and its greatest breadth east to west is . It is the smallest historic county in England and the fourth smallest in the UK as a whole. Because of this, the Latin motto Multum in Parvo or "much in little" was adopted by the county council in 1950. It has the smallest population of any normal unitary authority in England. Among the current ceremonial counties, the Isle of Wight, City of London and City of Bristol are smaller in area. The former County of London, in existence 1889 to 1965, also had a smaller area. It is 323rd of the 326 districts in population.
The only towns in Rutland are Oakham, the county town, and Uppingham. At the centre of the county is Rutland Water, a large artificial reservoir that is an important nature reserve serving as an overwintering site for wildfowl and a breeding site for ospreys.
Rutland's older cottages are built from limestone or ironstone and many have roofs of Collyweston stone slate or thatch.
Etymology
The origin of the name of the county is unclear. In a 1909 edition of Notes and Queries Harriot Tabor suggested "that the name should be Ruthland, and that there is a part of Essex called the Ruth, and that the ancient holders of it were called Ruthlanders, since altered to Rutland"; however, responses suggest "that Rutland, as a name, was earlier than the Norman Conquest. Its first mention, as "Roteland", occurs in the will of Edward the Confessor; in Domesday it is "the King's soc of Roteland", not being then a shire; and in the reign of John it was assigned as a dowry to Queen Isabella.
The northwestern part of the county was recorded as Rutland, a detached part of Nottinghamshire, in Domesday Book; the south-eastern part as the wapentake of Wicelsea in Northamptonshire. It was first mentioned as a separate county in 1159, but as late as the 14th century it was referred to as the 'Soke of Rutland'. Rutlandshire is an archaic and rarely used alternative name.
Rutland may be from Old English or "cattle" and "land", as a record from 1128 as Ritelanede shows. However, A Dictionary of British Place-Names by A D Mills gives an alternative etymology, "Rota's land", from the Old English (Anglo-Saxon) personal name and land land. It is from the alternative interpretation of red land that the traditional nickname for a male person from Rutland, a "Raddle Man", derives.
History
Earl of Rutland and Duke of Rutland are titles in the peerage of England held in the Manners family, derived from the historic county of Rutland. The Earl of Rutland was elevated to the status of Duke in 1703 and the titles were merged. The family seat is Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire.
The office of High Sheriff of Rutland was instituted in 1129, and there has been a Lord Lieutenant of Rutland since at least 1559. Oakham Castle was built c.1180–1190 and is "one of the nation’s best-preserved Norman buildings" and is a Grade I listed building.
By the time of the 19th century it had been divided into the hundreds of Alstoe, East Rutland, Martinsley, Oakham and Wrandike.
Rutland covered parts of three poor law unions and rural sanitary districts (RSDs): those of Oakham, Uppingham and Stamford. The registration county of Rutland contained the entirety of Oakham and Uppingham RSDs, which included several parishes in Leicestershire and Northamptonshire – the eastern part in Stamford RSD was included in the Lincolnshire registration county. Under the Poor Laws, Oakham Union workhouse was built in 1836–37 at a site to the north-east of the town, with room for 100 paupers. The building later operated as the Catmose Vale Hospital, and now forms part of the Oakham School.
In 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894 the rural sanitary districts were partitioned along county boundaries to form three rural districts. The part of Oakham and Uppingham RSDs in Rutland formed the Oakham Rural District and Uppingham Rural District, with the two parishes from Oakham RSD in Leicestershire becoming part of the Melton Mowbray Rural District, the nine parishes of Uppingham RSD in Leicestershire becoming the Hallaton Rural District, and the six parishes of Uppingham RSD in Northamptonshire becoming Gretton Rural District. Meanwhile, that part of Stamford RSD in Rutland became the Ketton Rural District.
Oakham Urban District was created from Oakham Rural District in 1911. It was subsequently abolished in 1974.
Rutland was included in the "East Midlands General Review Area" of the 1958–67 Local Government Commission for England. Draft recommendations would have seen Rutland split, with Ketton Rural District going along with Stamford to a new administrative county of Cambridgeshire, and the western part added to Leicestershire. The final proposals were less radical and instead proposed that Rutland become a single rural district within the administrative county of Leicestershire.
District of Leicestershire (1974–1997)
Rutland became a non-metropolitan district of Leicestershire under the Local Government Act 1972, which took effect on 1 April 1974. The original proposal was for Rutland to be merged with what is now the Melton borough, as Rutland did not meet the requirement of having a population of at least 40,000. The revised and implemented proposals allowed Rutland to be exempt from this.
Unitary authority (1997–present)
In 1994, the Local Government Commission for England, which was conducting a structural review of English local government, recommended that Rutland become a unitary authority. This was implemented on 1 April 1997, when Rutland County Council became responsible for almost all local services in Rutland, with the exception of the Leicestershire Fire and Rescue Service and Leicestershire Police, which are run by joint boards with Leicestershire County Council and Leicester City Council. Rutland regained a separate lieutenancy and shrievalty, and thus also regained status as a ceremonial county.
Rutland was a postal county until the Royal Mail integrated it into the Leicestershire postal county in 1974. After a lengthy campaign, and despite counties no longer being required for postal purposes, the Royal Mail agreed to re-create a postal county of Rutland in 2007. This was achieved in January 2008 by amending the former postal county for all of the Oakham (LE15) post town and a small part of the Market Harborough (LE16) post town.
Politics and subdivisions
Wards
As from the May 2019 elections, there are 27 councillors representing 15 wards on Rutland County Council. They represent a mixture of one, two and three-person wards.
Parliamentary constituency
Rutland formed a Parliamentary constituency on its own until 1918, when it became part of the Rutland and Stamford constituency, along with Stamford in Lincolnshire. Since 1983 it has formed part of the Rutland and Melton constituency along with Melton borough and part of Harborough district from Leicestershire.
As of the 2019 general election, Alicia Kearns is the member of parliament for Rutland and Melton, having received 62.6% of the vote.
Civil parishes
The county comprises 57 civil parishes, which range considerably in size and population, from Martinsthorpe (nil population) to Oakham (10,922 residents in the 2011 census).
Demographics
The population in the 2011 Census was 37,369, a rise of 8% on the 2001 total of 34,563. This is a population density of 98 people per square kilometre. 2.7% of the population are from ethnic minority backgrounds compared to 9.1% nationally. In terms of religious affiliation, around 68.2% are of Christian faith, with "No religion" being around 22.9%. 0.4% are of Islamic faith and other religions at less than 1%.
In 2006 it was reported that Rutland has the highest fertility rate of any English county – the average woman having 2.81 children, compared with only 1.67 in Tyne and Wear.
In December 2006, Sport England published a survey which revealed that residents of Rutland were the 6th most active in England in sports and other fitness activities. 27.4% of the population participate at least 3 times a week for 30 minutes.
In 2012, the well-being report by the Office for National Statistics found Rutland to be the "happiest county" in the mainland UK.
Geography
The particular geology of the area has given its name to the Rutland Formation which was formed from muds and sand carried down by rivers and occurring as bands of different colours, each with many fossil shells at the bottom. At the bottom of the Rutland Formation is a bed of dirty white sandy silt. Under the Rutland Formation is a formation called the Lincolnshire limestone. The best exposure of this limestone (and also the Rutland Formation) is at the Ketton Cement Works quarry just outside Ketton.
Rutland is dominated by Rutland Water, a large artificial lake formerly known as "Empingham Reservoir", in the middle of the county, which is almost bisected by the Hambleton Peninsula. The west part is in the Vale of Catmose. Rutland Water, when construction started in 1971, became Europe's largest man-made lake; construction was completed in 1975, and filling the lake took a further four years. This has been voted Rutland's favourite tourist attraction.
The highest point of the county is at Cold Overton Park (historically part of Flitteriss Park) at 197 m (646 ft) above sea level close to the west border (OS Grid reference: SK8271708539). The lowest point is close to the east border, in secluded farmland at North Lodge Farm, northeast of Belmesthorpe, at just 17 m (56 feet) above sea level (OS Grid reference: TF056611122); this corner of the county is on the edge of The Fens and is drained by the West Glen.
Rivers
River Chater
Eye Brook
River Gwash
River Welland
Economy
There are 17,000 people of working age in Rutland, of which the highest percentage (30.8%) work in Public Administration, Education and Health, closely followed by 29.7% in Distribution, Hotels and Restaurants and 16.7% in Manufacturing industries. Significant employers include Lands' End in Oakham and the Ketton Cement Works. Other employers in Rutland include two Ministry of Defence bases – Kendrew Barracks (formerly RAF Cottesmore) and St George's Barracks (previously RAF North Luffenham), two public schools – Oakham and Uppingham – and one prison, Stocken. The former Ashwell prison closed at the end of March 2011 after a riot and government review but, having been purchased by Rutland County Council, has now been turned into Oakham Enterprise Park. The county used to supply iron ore to Corby steel works but these quarries closed in the 1960s and early 1970s resulting in the famous walk of "Sundew" (the Exton quarries' large walking dragline) from Exton to Corby, which even featured on the children's TV series Blue Peter. Agriculture thrives with much wheat farming on the rich soil. Tourism continues to grow.
The Ruddles Brewery was Langham's biggest industry until it was closed in 1997. Rutland bitter is one of only three UK beers to have achieved Protected Geographical Indication status; this followed an application by Ruddles. When Greene King, the owners of Ruddles, closed the Langham brewery it was unable to take advantage of the registration. However, in 2010 a Rutland Bitter was launched by Oakham's Grainstore Brewery.
It is 348th out of 354 on the Indices of Deprivation for England, showing it to be one of the least economically deprived areas in the country.
In March 2007, Rutland became only the fourth Fairtrade County.
This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of the non-metropolitan county of Leicestershire and Rutland at current basic prices with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.
includes hunting and forestry
includes energy and construction
includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured
Components may not sum to totals due to rounding
As far as the NHS is concerned Rutland is generally treated as part of Leicestershire.
Transport
A small part of the East Coast Main Line passes through Rutland's north-east corner, near Essendine. It was on this stretch that a train pulled by the locomotive Mallard set the world speed record for steam locomotives on 3 July 1938, with a speed of .
Rutland was the last county in England without a direct rail service to London (apart from the Isle of Wight and several administrative counties which are unitary authorities). East Midlands Trains started running a single service from Oakham railway station to London St Pancras via Corby on 27 April 2009.
Through the Rutland Electric Car Project, Rutland was the first county to offer a county-wide public electric-vehicle charging network.
In popular culture
Rutland's small size has led to a number of humorous references such as Rutland Weekend Television, a television comedy sketch series hosted by Eric Idle. The county is the supposed home of the parody rock band The Rutles, who first appeared on Rutland Weekend Television.
The events in several Peter F. Hamilton books (including Misspent Youth and Mindstar Rising) are situated in Rutland, where the author lives. Adam Croft is writing the Rutland crime series, beginning with What Lies Beneath (2020).
Rutland was the last county in England without a McDonald's restaurant. However, in January 2020 a planning application for a McDonald's restaurant on the outskirts of Oakham was approved by the County Council and the restaurant opened on 4 November 2020.
Traditions
Rutland's traditions include:
Letting of the Banks (Whissendine): The Banks are pasture land and the letting traditionally occurs in the third week of March
Rush Bearing and Rush Strewing (Barrowden): Reeds are gathered in the church meadow on the eve of St Peter's Day and placed on the church floor (late June, early July)
Uppingham Market was granted by Charter in 1281 by Edward I.
According to tradition, any royalty or peers passing through Oakham must present a horseshoe to the Lord of the Manor of Oakham. The horseshoe has been Rutland's emblem for hundreds of years.
Education
Harington School provides post-16 education in the county. Rutland County College closed in 2017.
Places of interest
Barnsdale Gardens
Lyddington Bede House
Oakham Castle
Rutland County Museum, Oakham
Rutland Railway Museum, Ashwell
Rutland Water
Tolethorpe Hall
The Viking Way
Rutland Water Nature Reserve
See also
Flag of Rutland
High Sheriff of Rutland
List of birds of Leicestershire and Rutland
Lord Lieutenant of Rutland
Kesteven
Parts of Holland
Soke of Peterborough
References
Bibliography
External links
Rutland County Council
Rutland Local History & Record Society
Unitary authority districts of England
East Midlands
Local government districts of the East Midlands
Counties of England established in antiquity
Counties of England disestablished in 1974
Counties of England established in 1997 |
17327865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice%20President%20of%20Russia | Vice President of Russia | The vice president of the Russian Federation (before 25 December 1991 – vice president of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) was the first in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new president of Russia upon the death, resignation, or removal of the president. Additionally, the vice president would assume the presidential duties in case the president becomes incapable of carrying out the presidential duties.
Eligibility
According to the article 121-2 of the Russian Constitution of 1978, a citizen of Russia, no younger than 35 years old and no older than 65 years old, who is in possession of suffrage, may be elected vice president. The vice president shall not be people's deputy, or hold any other offices in state or public bodies as well as in businesses.
Election
The vice president was elected simultaneously with the president. A candidate for vice president was nominated by a candidate for president.
Duties
The vice president executed individual assignments on a commission of the president and acted for the president in his absence or in case when it would be impossible for the president to attend to his duties.
Abolition
Following the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis the office was abolished. The position of the Prime Minister of Russia became the second-highest ranking public office, and in the event of the president's incapacitation, death or resignation, the prime minister would assume the presidential powers and duties as acting president. This was evidenced in the succession of then-prime minister Vladimir Putin to the presidential powers and duties after the resignation of Boris Yeltsin, due to illness, on December 31, 1999.
List of people to hold the office
See also
President of Russia
1993 Russian constitutional crisis
Acting President of the Russian Federation
External links
Russian Constitution of 1978. Chapter 13-1: President of the Russian Federation
Government of Russia
Russia
Titles held only by one person |
6900216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Crooked%20Banister | The Crooked Banister | The Crooked Banister is the forty-eighth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1971 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy, Bess, and George spend an exciting weekend at a mysterious zigzag house with a crooked banister and an unpredictable robot. Nancy becomes involved in the mystery of the strange house and must locate the missing owner who is wanted by police.
Nancy Drew books
1971 American novels
1971 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
6900223 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natsushio-class%20submarine | Natsushio-class submarine | The Natsushio-class submarines were a pair of submarines constructed and operated by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force during the Cold War. They were a development of the s and are sometimes considered the same class. They were small and limited in capability but were thought to be a successful class. They entered service in 1963–1964 and were deleted in 1978.
Design and description
The Natsushios were a development of the preceding and are sometimes considered the same class. They shared many of the same characteristics with small design improvements. They were small submarines with limited capability but considered handy and a successful class. They were air-conditioned and had good habitability for the crews. The submarines measured long overall with a beam of and a draft of . The submarines had a standard displacement of , with a surfaced displacement of and submerged.
The vessels were powered by a diesel-electric system. Two shafts were powered by two Sulzer-Mitsubishi diesel engines creating and two electric motors creating . This gave the submarines a maximum speed of surfaced and submerged. The Natsushios were armed with three torpedo tubes in the bow. They had a crew of 43.
Boats in class
See also
- Soviet Navy
- Royal Swedish Navy
- Italian Navy
- Imperial Japanese Navy
- Imperial Japanese Navy
Notes
Citations
References
Submarine classes
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries submarines |
23571694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molovata | Molovata | Molovata is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova.
References
Villages of Dubăsari District
Populated places on the Dniester |
17327876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyingtaw | Chyingtaw | Chyingtaw is a village in north-eastern Burma. It is located in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
17327892 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chyinhtaung | Chyinhtaung | Chyinhtaung is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
17327899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gawlamten | Gawlamten | Gawlamten is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township |
17327902 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian%20Clarke%20%28photographer%29 | Adrian Clarke (photographer) | Adrian Clarke is an English photographer. Originally trained and practising as a civil liberties lawyer, Clarke made the switch to photography in 2003.
His work is in a social realist style. His first major set of pictures was Framed, a series of pictures of subjects who had served long prison sentences for crimes they did not commit. Between 2004 and 2007 he worked in partnership with the County Durham Drug and Alcohol Action Team photographing a community of abusers of drugs and alcohol in the north east of England. The work was collected in a book, Gary's Friends, named after Gary Crooks, a reformed dealer who introduced him to friends and relatives. The work was published in September 2007 and was shown at the Durham Arts Festival in June 2008.
His most recent work is South Bank a series of portraits of residents of the area between Middlesbrough and Redcar and continues the themes explored in his earlier work. The work was displayed at the Python Gallery in Middlesbrough in May and June 2009.
Clarke was married to the writer Rachel Cusk. While Cusk has written and spoken publicly on their marriage in The Guardian and the BBC, Clarke has not spoken about their marital split.
Footnotes and references
External links
Official website
Photographers from Yorkshire
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) |
6900229 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaven%20Kouyoumdjian | Zaven Kouyoumdjian | Zaven Kouyoumdjian (; ) is a Lebanese talk show host, producer and television personality of both Armenian and Arab descent. He is also a media researcher and author of four books, including Lebanon's best-seller Lebanon Shot Twice. in 2021, Zaven joined The Munathara Initiative as the host of their Lebanese version of Townhall, a show that brings together key national broadcasters to commit to public interest journalism. Simultaneously, Zaven hosts and produces the morning show of Sawt Kel Lebnan radio station and DRI’s online talk show, Nafas Jdeed.
Zaven is married to Laury Haytayan and has two sons born in 2003 and 2007.
Early years
Zaven was born in Beirut on May 15, 1970 to Ardashes Kouyoumdjian and Souad Kaadi. He received his primary and secondary education at the AGBU's Demerjian School and the Armenian Evangelical College in Beirut.
Education
Zaven holds a master's degree in Communication Arts, a discipline concerned with advertising and media, from the Notre Dame University (NDU) in Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon. He earned his bachelor's degree in Communication Arts from the Lebanese American University in Beirut.
Career
In 1992, he joined Télé Liban as a news reporter and late-night news anchor. Soon afterwards, he became Télé Liban’s face for news through its promotional campaign Aban An Jad, by Saatchi & Saatchi . In 1994, he was assigned to be TL's news correspondent at the Presidential Palace in Baabda. He started his first weekly talk show, "5/7" in 1995, and his investigative journalism made him a household name in Lebanon. Within the show's first year, Zaven was making headlines through the controversial issues he investigated, such as the toxic wastes scandal, the Israeli kidnapping of Mustafa Dirani, and the ban of the Lebanese Forces."5/7" became Télé Liban's longest-running talk show in the 1990s, scoring the highest rating for a single talk show episode in 1996.
During his coverage of the Israeli Operation Grapes of Wrath offensive on South Lebanon in 1996, Zaven rose to prominence as he brought the horrifying footage of the Israeli massacres at the Qana and Mansouri villages to global attention.
In 1999, and during the Syrian occupation of Lebanon, the pro-Syrian government under Selim Hoss banned 5/7 from airing on Télé Liban. Zaven shaved his head as an expression of protest.
Seven months later, Zaven moved to Future Television, a television broadcasting network owned by former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. He started his own show, Siré Wenfatahit, which quickly became the highest-rated talk show in the Middle East, according to Pan-Arab IPTV network Talfazat-ART. In 2004, Zaven convinced four HIV-positive individuals to appear on his show about life after AIDS and discrimination. This was the first time that HIV-positive individuals appeared on any Arab channel without covering their faces. Also in 2004, he published his first book, Lebanon Shot Twice. Inspired by Oprah Winfrey, he launched the first Arab television book club, the Nisrine Jaber Book Club.
Zaven often opened his show as a platform for political and social activism. "An episode of talk show Sireh w’infatahit aired by Future TV on December 19th 2005 had the presenter Zaven Kouyoumdjian offer to bring members of the opposition and Hizbolla to the studio to air their views and reach a common ground".
In 2005, Zaven was named by Newsweek magazine in 2005 as one of the 43 most influential people in the Middle East.
Zaven launched a new series, called Ana Ala'an (meaning Me Now) in 2006. The series aimed at giving the chance for Arab youth to express their thoughts and feelings on TV using their personal camera. This series is credited to be the first recognition of emerging online media and the power of youth to achieve change. Zaven ended his 13-year-long show Sire Wenfatahit on July 15, 2012, in a special series of countdown episodes.
In August 2012, Zaven kicked off his show AalAkid on Future TV, a collaboration with director Bassem Christo and French producer Péri Cochin through their production house Periba. The show was a Lebanese adaptation of the popular French show Sans aucun doute, presented by Julien Courbet daily on TMC. AalAkid was received by critics and viewers with enthusiasm, as it reshaped the Lebanese social talk show experience and established new foundations for conflict resolution through media. The show gained quick appreciation as a new style in addressing social issues on Lebanese television.
In 2012, Zaven signed his second book with Dr Dolly Habbal, Witness on Society in Beirut Book fair. (Publishers: Academia).
In October 2014, Zaven launched his talk show Bala Toul Sire that continues his run on Future Television, with episodes about life, society and people in the form of a live weekly magazine, covering different topics stemming from current headlines or the unreported margins.
In September 2019, shortly before celebrating his 20th anniversary at Future TV, the station ceased all its production operations due to financial losses, and thus Zaven’s show Bala Toul Sire was terminated. The last episode of the show was broadcast on August 9, 2019, and it featured the creator of Yamli, Habib Haddad.
Following Beirut blast in 2020, Zaven hosted the morning show of Lebanon’s leading Sawt Kl Lebnan Radio station. The show continues to voice its listeners’ agonies and concerns in the midst of the county’s ongoing economic and political crisis.
In 2021, Zaven hosted Nafas Jdeed (New Spirit), an online political talk show that gives emerging and young political activists an independent and friendly platform. The show is initiated and produced by DRI – a berlin based international NGO.
In November 2021, Zaven joined The Munathara Initiative as the host for their Lebanese version of Townhall, a debate talkshow that brings together key national broadcasters to commit to public interest journalism. The show aims to promote constructive public discourse across the Arabic-speaking region.
Awards and honors
Kouyoumdjian is one of the most celebrated TV and media personalities in the Arab World. He has been at the center of most honorary and award ceremonies for the media professions and disciplines. In 1996, he received the Honorary Shield from the Lebanese Press Syndicate for his efforts in the live media coverage of the massacre during the 1996 shelling of Qana, a part of the Israeli Operation Grapes of Wrath.
Kouyoumdjian came into the spotlight again in 1997 when he was awarded the second prize by the Commission on Sustainable Development, a framework of the United Nations, for his significant work in promoting development-related social issues in his show '5/7'. That same year, he was also awarded the Honorary Key of the city by the municipality of Bourj Hammoud, an Armenian stronghold in the Matn District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate.
In 2002, Kouyoumdjian won the Arab Media prize at a ceremony in London by the College of the International United Kingdom for his efforts in promoting dialogue on social and communal issues in the Middle East. He also received, in 2002, the award for the "Best Social Talk Show" in the annual Media Festival held by the Lebanese University, the largest university system in Lebanon. He won the same award again in 2006.
In 2008, he won the "Student Choice Award" for the best social talk show in the all-star student ceremony of the Lebanese American University held at the Unesco Palace in Beirut. In 2010, Zaven received the award for "Best Social Talk Show" in the third annual Arab Youth Media Forum held in Amman, Jordan. During the ceremony of the Pan Arab Web Awards in 2011, Kouyoumdjian received the prestigious "Outstanding Life Achievement Award" on the occasion of the ten-year anniversary of 'ZavenOnline.com'.
Kouyoumdjian was honored in 2012 by the Lebanese State Alumni Community (LSAC) with one of its yearly five annual prizes, for his "great achievement in promoting freedom of speech and the values of democracy and human rights through his social talk shows". In 2013, he won the award for "Best Official Website of a Television Show" for his website 'ZavenOnline.com' during the Lebanon Web Competition (LWAC). Zaven was a guest speaker and panelist in the 2013 Government Communication Forum (GCF) held in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The GCF gathered more than 1500 senior executives, prominent media figures, communication specialist, and senior government officials from the region. The forum acknowledged Kouyoumdjian's role in bridging the gap between social media and TV. In the same year, Zaven won the Golden Shield award of the Arab Social Responsibility Organization in a grand ceremony in Dubai. He later won the same award in 2014 for the second consecutive year.
In 2015, Zaven was honored with the prestigious Murex d'Or award for Best Media Personality 2015 in appreciation for his distinguished life achievements. Also that year, Kouyoumdjian was granted the Certificate of Appreciation of the Arab Federation for Youth and Environment, a chapter within the Arab League, for being the guest of honor at the Closing Ceremony of the Arab Environment Forum at Jinan University in Tripoli. In December 2015, Zaven was granted AlHaitham Award 2015 for Arab distinction during the seventh edition of the Arab Media Youth Forum in Amman – Jordan.
In 2016, Zaven was honored with the Lebanese Franchise Association's 10th anniversary token of appreciation and recognition for his contribution in shaping Lebanon's collective memory. The grand ceremony was held Thursday on May 19, 2016 at BIEL – Beirut, in the presence of senior government officials, the private sector, Arab retailers, entrepreneurs and the media.
Zaven was honored for his book Lebanon shot Twice for the inspiration it brought to help the Lebanese society cope with the pains of the civil war. LFA president Charles Arbid said that this book presents the fighting soul of the Lebanese people to rebuild their country and re-embrace life. He added that Zaven's book has contributed in shaping the war related collective memory today and for generations to come.
Honors and rankings
Ranked third in the Top 5 list of Lebanon's best talk show hosts - Lebanese National Council of Audio-Visual Media survey in the year 2000
Named by Newsweek as one of the 43 most influential figures in the Arab World for the year 2005
Honored by the municipality of Ghazir town in Keserwan District in Mount Lebanon in a ceremony along with nine of its notables for their live achievements and good will
Ranked among the Top 5 list of the Emirati "Zahret El Khalij" magazine's annual best Arab talk show hosts list in 2009 and 2010
Was part of the jury of the 11th Annual National Speech Competition, organized by LAU and the English Speaking Union in Lebanon
Ranked number three on the 30 Most Influential People on Twitter in Lebanon list created by 2famous.tv. (Based on Tweet Grader) in 2012
Named Best Media Personality on Social Media at the Social Responsibility Awards – Beirut 2013 (SMA) poll in 2013
Murex-D'or 2015 best media personality 2015.
AlHaitham Award 2015 for Arab distinction during the seventh edition of the Arab Media Youth Forum in Amman – Jordan.
The Lebanese Franchise Association's 10th anniversary token of appreciation and recognition for his contribution in shaping Lebanon's collective memory.
Publications
Lebanon Shot Twice is a best-seller book since 2003. A second edition of the book was issued in 2005, and a third in 2009. This trilingual (Arabic / English / French) gift book contains a collection of photos of people and places taken during the Lebanese civil war (1975 – 1990) in a before and after format. The stories accompanying the photos tell the inspiring stories of the victims and survivors of Lebanon's 15-year-long war. The book was the culmination of Kouyoumdjian's teenage hobby of collecting newspaper and magazine cutouts. After decades of collecting pictures and photographs, Zaven went out on a two-year quest of searching for the locations and people featured in these pictures. He documented the change they went through nearly a decade and half after the end of the civil war. Zaven described his books as neither a war book nor a history book, but a documentation and retelling of personal stories through a chaotic period of time. The book was launched in huge exhibitions and books signings in several cities including Dubai, Amman, Manama, and Kuwait City. A fourth edition of the book was published by Hachette Antoine publishing house in 2019.
Witness on Society (Arabic – published by Academia 2012) is based on a decade-long television social talk show experience between Future TV and Tele Liban. The 700-page book, coauthored by Zaven and clinical psychologist Dr Dolly Habbal, comes as a manual for families and individuals to better understand their psychological, sexual, and social issues in a simplified manner. It features real-life stories and narrations from viewers who live those issues and shared them on television. The book spans an expansive array of topics including depression, trauma, anxiety, sexual identity issues, sexual harassment, emotional and social intelligence, marital relations, spinsterhood, and suicide, among many others.
Asaad Allaho Massakoum () (Arabic – by Hachette Antoine 2015) is Zaven's third book. It documents the greatest golden age moments and milestones of Lebanese television between 1959 and 1990. The book covers three decades of Lebanese entertainment, pop culture and historical events as they happened on Lebanese television. Those events not only made Lebanese pop culture but also shaped Lebanon and pushed its cultural and social boundaries.
Lebanon on Screen (English – by Hachette Antoine 2016) documents the landmark moments and milestones of Lebanese television. Inspired by his previous publication in Arabic, this first-of-its-kind English book aims to present Lebanese television and pop culture to the world. "Lebanon on Screen" was published by Hachette Antoine and Alba University, with the collaboration of the United States Embassy in Lebanon. The book launched with a tour to four cities, Beirut, Paris, Dubai and Mexico City.http://www.lebanononscreen.com
See also
Future TV
Laury Haytayan
Television in Lebanon
Media of Lebanon
Armenians in Lebanon
List of Lebanese Armenians
References
External links
Official Website
Zaven, The Official Fan Club
1970 births
Businesspeople from Beirut
Television journalists
Lebanese television talk show hosts
Lebanese people of Armenian descent
Lebanese American University alumni
Living people
Television in Lebanon
Arab mass media
Mass media in Lebanon
Lebanese television people
Lebanese mass media people
Notre Dame University–Louaize alumni |
17327910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellman%20%26%20Friedman | Hellman & Friedman | Hellman & Friedman LLC (H&F) is an American private equity firm, founded in 1984 by Warren Hellman and Tully Friedman, that makes investments primarily through leveraged buyouts as well as growth capital investments. H&F has focused its efforts on several core target industries including media, financial services, professional services and information services. The firm tends to avoid asset intensive or other industrial businesses (e.g., manufacturing, chemicals, transportation). H&F is based in San Francisco, with offices in New York and London.
History
Founding
Hellman & Friedman was founded in 1984 by Warren Hellman and Tully Friedman. Before H&F, Hellman was a founding partner of Hellman, Ferri Investment Associates, which would later be renamed Matrix Management Company. Today, Matrix is among the most prominent venture capital firms in the U.S. Before that, Hellman worked in investment banking at Lehman Brothers, where he served as president as well as head of the Investment Banking Division and Chairman of Lehman Corporation. Tully Friedman was formerly a managing director at Salomon Brothers. In 1997, Friedman left the firm to found Friedman Fleischer & Lowe, a private equity firm also based in San Francisco.
Recent
As of 2011, H&F employed approximately 50 investment professionals, including 15 managing directors, 6 principals and 13 associates as well as senior advisors and general counsels. In August 2013, the firm acquired Canada's largest insurance broker, Hub International, for around $4.4 billion. In March 2014, the firm acquired Renaissance Learning, a firm providing assessment methods such as electronic tests that adapt questions in real time depending on how successfully the student is answering, for $1.1 billion in cash.
In February 2015, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman were putting together a takeover bid for used car company Auto Trader, which could amount to an offer of £2 billion. On May 18, 2017, Hellman & Friedman made a A$2.9 billion bid for Fairfax Media in Australia, starting a bidding war with TPG Group for the company.
In May 2016, H&F agreed to a deal to acquire the healthcare cost management company MultiPlan Inc. for about $7.5 billion.
In June 2018, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman were taking a controlling interest in the security monitoring company, SimpliSafe.
In February 2019, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman purchased Ultimate Software for $11 billion, an all-cash transaction. Ultimate Software has since been combined with Kronos Incorporated, and rolled into the brand Ultimate Kronos Group. In December 2019, Hellman & Friedman acquired AutoScout24, a European automotive digital marketplace, for 2.9 billion euros ($3.2 billion).
In 2020, Hellman & Friedman joined Diligent Corporation's Modern Leadership Initiative and pledged to create five new board roles among its portfolio companies for racially diverse candidates.
In July 2021, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman purchased At Home.
In November 2021, H&F and Bain Capital agreed to buy AthenaHealth for $17 Billion.
Notable holdings
A core element in H&F's strategy is investing in "growth" opportunities whether in an industry sector or a specific company. H&F invests in a variety of structures, frequently making minority investments with only limited controls. Additionally, H&F has taken a number of unconventional steps to finance and close transactions, including arranging and syndicating the financing for several investments including Getty Images and Goodman Global.
Since closing its sixth private equity fund in 2007, H&F has been active in making new investments:
DoubleClick
Goodman Global
Gartmore
Texas Genco
GCM Grosvenor
Nielsen Company
Nasdaq
Internet Brands
OpenLink
PPD
SSP Holdings
Web Reservations International (Hostelworld)
UKG
Investment funds
H&F invests through a series of private equity funds (structured as limited partnerships) and its investors include a variety of pension funds, endowments and other institutional investors:
1984 — Hellman & Friedman I
1991 — Hellman & Friedman II ($826 million)
1995 — Hellman & Friedman III ($1.5 billion)
2000 — Hellman & Friedman IV ($2.2 billion)
2004 — Hellman & Friedman V ($3.5 billion)
2007 — Hellman & Friedman VI ($8.4 billion)
2011 — Hellman & Friedman VII ($8.8 billion)
2014 — Hellman & Friedman VIII ($10.9 billion)
2018 — Hellman & Friedman IX ($16.5 billion)
2021 — Hellman & Friedman X ($24.4 billion)
Source: Preqin
See also
List of venture capital firms
References
External links
Hellman & Friedman: The Deal Journal PE Firm of the Quarter (WSJ.com, 2008)
Private equity firms of the United States
Companies based in San Francisco
Financial services companies established in 1984
Hellman family
AI based human capital management solutions |
17327911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hittitology | Hittitology | Hittitology is the study of the Hittites, an ancient Anatolian people that established an empire around Hattusa in the 2nd millennium BCE. It combines aspects of the archaeology, history, philology, and art history of the Hittite civilisation.
List of Hittitologists
A partial list of notable Hittite scholars includes:
Selim Adalı
Metin Alparslan
Trevor R. Bryce (born 1940)
Gary Beckman
Jeanny Vorys Canby
Yaşar Coşkun
Philo H. J. Houwink ten Cate (1930–2013)
Birgit Christiansen
Billie Jean Collins
Halet Çambel
Petra Goedegebuure
Albrecht Goetze (1897–1971)
Oliver Gurney (1911–2001)
Hans G. Güterbock (1908–2000)
Harry A. Hoffner (1934–2015)
Theo van den Hout
Bedřich Hrozný (1879–1952)
Sara Kimball
Alwin Kloekhorst
J. G. Macqueen
Gregory McMahon
Craig Melchert
Jared L. Miller
Alice Mouton
Andreas Schachner
Daniel Schwemer
Itamar Singer (1946–2012)
Edgar H. Sturtevant (1875–1952)
Piotr Taracha
Willemijn Waal
Kazuhiko Yoshida
Leonie Zuntz (1908–1942)
Lord Edwin E. Hitti
See also
History of the Hittites
Hittite language
Hittite grammar
Hittite phonology
Assyriology
Egyptology
References
Archaeological sub-disciplines |
17327915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madness%2C%20Sadness%2C%20Gladness | Madness, Sadness, Gladness | Madness, Sadness, Gladness is Picture House's third studio album. It was released in 2003.
Track listing
Breathe
She
Pornstar
Everybody Loves My Girl
Lonely Like The Sun
Drink Talking
Gifted Child
Safe
Breaking In
Wishing On Stars
Keeping Mum (hidden track Of Course It Is)
2003 albums
Picturehouse (band) albums |
17327923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poplar%20Point%20Light | Poplar Point Light | Poplar Point Light (Lighthouse), built in 1831, is an historic lighthouse in North Kingstown, Rhode Island. It stands at the end of Poplar Point, marking the southern point of Wickford Harbor. The lighthouse was built in 1831 with a stone keeper's dwelling and wooden tower. The light was deactivated in 1882 and replaced by the Wickford Harbor Light. It was sold at auction in 1894 and has been altered by later owners. The lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The tower is the oldest surviving wooden lighthouse tower in the United States, and the oldest in Rhode Island still standing at its original location.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Rhode Island
References
Lighthouses completed in 1831
Houses completed in 1831
Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in North Kingstown, Rhode Island
Lighthouses in Washington County, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Rhode Island |
17327928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple%2C%20Bailey%20County%2C%20Texas | Maple, Bailey County, Texas | Maple is an unincorporated community in Bailey County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 75 in 2000.
Geography
Maple is located along FM 596 in southern Bailey County, about southwest of Muleshoe, south of Lariat, north of Virginia City, and northwest of Lubbock.
History
Named for early settler Maple Wilson, the community was established during the early 1920s. At that time, local ranches were subdivided into farms. A post office opened in 1926. By 1940, Maple had a population of around 600 with six businesses. Throughout the latter half of the 20th century, the community slowly declined. In 1980, around 130 people lived in Maple. That figure had fallen to 75 by 2000.
Maple has a post office with the zip code of 79344.
Education
Since July 1, 2002, public education in the community of Maple has been provided by the Sudan Independent School District, which is based in the Lamb County city of Sudan. Prior to that day, the Maple-based Three Way Independent School District served the community and surrounding areas. The Three Way District began operations in 1945 after the Maple school district consolidated into it.
References
Unincorporated communities in Texas
Unincorporated communities in Bailey County, Texas |
17327974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple%2C%20Red%20River%20County%2C%20Texas | Maple, Red River County, Texas | Maple is an unincorporated community in Red River County, Texas. It lies at an elevation of 377 feet (115 m).
References
Unincorporated communities in Texas
Unincorporated communities in Red River County, Texas |
17328019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Caputo | Ricardo Caputo | Ricardo Silvio Caputo (1949 – October 1, 1997) was an Argentine American serial killer during the 1970s who was known as "The Lady Killer". Caputo was born in 1949 in Mendoza, Argentina. In 1970, he moved to the United States and settled in New York City. According to his brother Alberto, Caputo was physically and sexually abused as a child.
Though he was not definitively linked to any murders after 1977, he remained a fugitive throughout the 1980s, and finally surrendered to police in 1994.
Incarcerated at Attica State Prison in New York, Caputo had a fatal heart attack in October 1997, at the age of 48.
Victims
Nathalie Brown, 19, Flower Hill, New York (1971) (he was declared mentally incompetent to stand trial at the time, then escaped from Manhattan Psychiatric Center on Wards Island)
Judith Becker, 26, Yonkers, New York (1974)
Barbara Ann Taylor, 28, San Francisco (1975)
Laura Gomez, Mexico City (1977)
Suspected victims
Devon Green, 23, Los Angeles (1981) - Caputo became a suspect in Green's death when a former coworker of hers spotted him on a crime show and identified Caputo as having worked at a Los Angeles restaurant where Green was a chef. Already imprisoned at the time this information came to light in 1994, Caputo was neither charged with nor admitted to her murder.
Jacqueline Bernard, 64, New York City (1983) - Caputo was a suspect in this murder but was never charged. A friend of the victim's, Linda Wolfe, published a book called Love Me to Death in 1998 in which she conjected that Caputo was Bernard's killer.
See also
List of serial killers in the United States
References
1949 births
1971 murders in the United States
1997 deaths
20th-century criminals
American escapees
American people who died in prison custody
American serial killers
Argentine emigrants to the United States
Criminals from New York City
Criminals of the San Francisco Bay Area
Date of birth missing
FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives
Male serial killers
People declared mentally unfit for court
People from Mendoza, Argentina
Prisoners who died in New York (state) detention
Serial killers who died in prison custody |
20465022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Honduran%20general%20election | 2009 Honduran general election | General elections were held in Honduras on 29 November 2009, including presidential, parliamentary and local elections. Voters went to the polls to elect:
A new President of Honduras to serve a four-year term starting on 27 January 2010.
128 members to serve a four-year term in the National Congress.
Representatives in municipal (local) governments.
The possibility of having a "fourth ballot box" (Spanish: cuarta urna) at the 29 November election regarding the convocation of a National Constituent Assembly constituted a major element of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis.
Campaigning
Preceding the planned November elections, the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis (ouster of president Manuel Zelaya) occurred, bringing the legitimacy of the elections into doubt.
Campaigning by candidates took place for the three months prior to 29 November in the context of conflict between the de facto government, the de jure government, and resistance to the de facto government, mostly coordinated by the National Resistance Front.
Nearly one month of this campaign period was covered by the Micheletti de facto government Decree PCM-M-016-2009, signed on 22 September 2009 and rescinded on 19 October 2009. The decree suspended five constitutional rights: personal liberty (Article 69), freedom of expression (Article 72), freedom of movement (Article 81), habeas corpus (Article 84) and freedom of association.
Hundreds of candidates, including presidential candidate Carlos H. Reyes, renounced their candidacy citing scepticism that the same military that overthrew the elected president could be trusted to run a free and fair election five months later.
Presidential candidates
The candidates of the two main political parties were former presidential candidate Porfirio Lobo Sosa of the National Party and former vice-president Elvin Santos of the Liberal Party. The trade unionist Garifuna leader Bernard Martínez Valerio was the Innovation and Unity Party (PINU) candidate. Martínez was the first black presidential candidate in the history of Honduras, according to PINU. Another trade union leader, Carlos Humberto Reyes, one of the coordinators of the Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras, was an independent candidate for the election but formally withdrew in order not to legitimise the coup d'état and what he and his supporters perceived would be fraudulent elections.
The table below shows all six continuing and withdrawn candidates, in the order published by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal.
Opinion polls
A pre-election poll conducted between 23 and 29 August 2009 by COIMER & OP showed a relative majority (41%) who would not declare a voting preference or would not vote in favour of any of the six candidates. By mid-October this had dropped to a minority (29%) according to a CID-Gallup poll. Porfirio Lobo's support increased from 28% in August to 37% in October, and Elvin Santos' support increased from 14% to 21%. According to the two polls, Carlos H. Reyes' support dropped from 12% to 6%, while the other three candidates increased from 1–2% support in August to 2–3% in October. A popularity rating question in the COIMER & OP August poll, concerning positive, average and negative opinions towards presidential candidates and other prominent people, found that Porfirio Lobo had more negative than positive popularity (34% versus 30%), as did Elvin Santos (45% versus 19%) and the de facto President Roberto Micheletti (56% versus 16%) and César Ham (20% versus 16%). Carlos H. Reyes had more positive than negative ratings (25% versus 14%), as did de jure President Manuel Zelaya (45% versus 26%).
Conduct
Over thirty thousand security personnel were involved in running the election, including 12,000 military, 14,000 police officers and 5000 reservists. Mayors were requested by the army to provide lists of "enemies" (Spanish: enemigos) of the electoral process in order to "neutralise" them (Spanish: neutralizarlos).
Amnesty International protested to the Honduran de facto government about violations of habeas corpus on 28 and 29 November. One of the people who were disappeared was Jensys Mario Umanzor Gutierrez, last seen in police detention early on the morning of 30 November. Amnesty International (AI) stated that no courts, including the Supreme Court, were available to receive a petition for habeas corpus. AI also referred to two men arrested under terrorism charges and beaten, and 14 minors detained under decree PCM-M-016-2009 for gathering in groups of more than four persons, and later freed without charges. AI also said that human rights organizations in Honduras "suffered attacks and acts of intimidation".
On election day, police and military suppressed an anti-election rally in San Pedro Sula, with reports of one death plus injuries and arrests. There were also reports that employees of government agencies and private businesses were being told that they would be fired if they did not vote.
The European Parliament did not send observers. However, observers were sent by the centre-right European People's Party, who reported a "high degree of civic maturity and exemplar democratic behaviour" during the elections.
Despite few outside legal observers, the International Republican Institute and the National Democratic Institute were there as American observers. The IRI supported the projections of 61% from the interim government and the Supreme Electoral Tribunal. The NDI has so far not commented on their projection of the vote turnout, however have commented on an independent, local Honduran observer part-funded by USAID, the Hagamos Democracia who put the turnout on 48%. The NDI commented that they had a low margin of error on what percentage of the votes were allocated to the candidates as they had successfully projected the vote's outcome: 56 percent for Lobo and 38 percent for Santos. He also said a 48 percent turnout would be consistent with a trend of increasing abstention in Honduras. Turnout was 55 percent in the 2005 election that brought Zelaya to office, 10 percentage points lower than in the previous election. Official turnout was revised down to 49%, a figure consistent with the TSE's own internal figures on election day but over which it had preferred to announce the entirely unfounded but rather more politically convenient 61%, as was caught on video at the time. 49% incidentally, is also a decline on the 55% 2005 election turnout.
Results
President
Porfirio Lobo Sosa, popularly known as Pepe Lobo, of the opposition conservative National Party was elected to succeed Micheletti. Early reports gave Lobo over 50% of the popular vote, with Elvin Santos the closest opponent with around 35%. While some regional nations did not accept the election as valid, others including the United States have supported its legitimacy. While exiled President Manuel Zelaya called for a boycott of the election, turnout ranged from around 30% in poorer areas to 70% in more wealthy communities. Lobo hinted that charges against Zelaya would be dropped.
National Congress
Reactions
Organisations and individuals in Honduras, including the National Resistance Front against the coup d'État in Honduras, Marvin Ponce of the Democratic Unification Party, and Bertha Oliva of Comité de Familiares de Detenidos Desaparecidos en Honduras, and internationally, including Mercosur, President Cristina Kirchner of Argentina and
the Union of South American Nations, said that elections held on 29 November under Micheletti would not be recognized.
Honduras
Hundreds of people made a noisy drive-by protest in Tegucigalpa on 1 December to symbolise their rejection of the elections and to highlight that the turnout estimates of over 60% were inaccurate. Zelaya's aide Carlos Reina called for the elections to be cancelled.
In early November 2009, Dagoberto Suazo of the National Resistance Front against the coup d'État in Honduras asked for the international community to continue to refuse to recognise the planned 29 November elections. Marvin Ponce, a member of Congress from the Democratic Unification Party, said that it was not possible to hold the elections in the aftermath of the coup d'état. Bertha Oliva of COFADEH criticised the United States government for stating that Honduras could hold "free elections in less than three weeks" when "Hondurans [were being] subjected to arbitrary arrest, the closure of independent media, police beatings, torture and even killings by security forces". Oliva claimed that it was not possible to have an election campaign when the right to freedom of assembly, freedom of movement and press freedom were absent. She called for elections to be delayed until at least three months after human rights and democracy are restored.
On 6 November 2009, following the failure of Micheletti and Zelaya to together create a "unity cabinet", Zelaya called for a boycott of the 29 November election.
On 9 November 2009, following a national meeting of leaders of the National Resistance Front against the coup d'état, presidential candidate Carlos H. Reyes declared the withdrawal of his candidacy, on the grounds of not legitimising the coup d'état and fraudulent elections. At the time of Reyes' withdrawal, the Honduran newspapers El Tiempo and La Tribuna showed Reyes' right hand in a plaster cast due to an injury sustained during his 30 July beating by Honduran security forces under the control of the de facto Micheletti government. At least 30–40 candidates from various parties and independent candidates, including at least one National Party candidate, Mario Medrano in San Manuel, Cortés, also withdraw in protest. Mario Medrano stated that he withdrew his candidature in order not to legitimise the coup d'état, that this was independent of party membership, and that anyone elected could be removed [if the coup d'état remained legitimate].
Canadian investigative journalist Jesse Freeston released a series of three videos before and after the elections them of being "coup laundering". In the final video, "Honduran Elections Exposed", Freeston separately interviews two members of the Honduran Supreme Electoral Tribunal. The engineer in charge of the count says that 49% of Hondurans had turned out to vote. Meanwhile, the spokesman for the tribunal told Freeston that roughly 65% had turned out. Freeston concludes that nobody knows how many Hondurans turned out, since all four major international election observers (UN, EU, Carter Center, and OAS) all refused to participate. The videos also exposed the police attack on an anti-election protest in San Pedro Sula, the arrest of a man for possession of anti-election posters in Tegucigalpa, a letter the military sent to all the mayors in Honduras seeking contact information of anyone involved in the National People's Resistance Front, the shutting down of anti-coup media outlets Radio Globo and Canal 36, and the targeted assassinations of anti-coup community organizers.
International
Mercosur declared on 24 July 2009 that it would not recognise the results of the planned November elections or any other elections organised under Micheletti. President Cristina Kirchner of Argentina stated, "We must condemn any benevolent coup attempt, that is, when through a civilian-military coup legitimate authorities are ousted followed by attempts to legalize the situation by calling new elections. This would be the death kiss for the OAS democratic charter and turning the Mercosur democratic charter in mere fiction". On 10 August, the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) also declared that it would not recognise the results of elections held while the de facto Micheletti government remained in power. On 17 August, President Felipe Calderón of Mexico, together with Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, made a similar statement. On September 3, the US State Department issued a statement revoking all non-humanitarian assistance to Honduras and said, of the November 29 elections "At this moment, we would not be able to support the outcome of the scheduled elections".
The U.S. has since changed position and announced that it will recognize the results of the election as a part of the San Jose-Tegucigalpa Accord. Prior to the elections, the OAS advanced a resolution that would have refused to recognize its results. Initially, the U.S. administration pushed for the return of Zelaya, however, subsequently back-tracked on a threat not to recognize the election. The OAS resolution was ultimately blocked by the United States. The U.S. State Department rejected appeals by other Organization of American States (OAS) member nations to condemn what many perceived to be a fraudulent election and, instead, declared the contest "free, fair and transparent." The International Republican Institute, an organization linked to the United States Republican Party, also declared the elections had been "free of violence and overt acts of intimidation". The victory of Porfirio Lobo Sosa was quickly recognized by the United States, which increased military and police aid to the government, despite much of Latin America continuing to view him as an illegal pretender to the Honduran presidency.
In the days preceding the elections, Israel, Italy, Colombia, Panama, Peru, Germany, Costa Rica and Japan also announced their intentions to recognize the results of the elections.
On 30 November at the 19th Ibero-American Summit in Estoril, Portugal the governments of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela announced they would not recognize the elections whereas Colombia, Costa Rica and Panama said that they would. On 7 December the five Mercosur member states once again ratified their decision of not recognizing the election of Porfirio Lobo.
References
Honduras
Elections in Honduras
2009 in Honduras
Presidential elections in Honduras
November 2009 events in North America
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results |
23571697 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATCvet%20code%20QI03 | ATCvet code QI03 |
QI03A Goat
QI03AA Inactivated viral vaccines
Empty group
QI03AB Inactivated bacterial vaccines (including mycoplasma, toxoid and chlamydia)
QI03AB01 Mycobacterium
QI03AC Inactivated bacterial vaccines and antisera
Empty group
QI03AD Live viral vaccines
QI03AD01 Peste des petits ruminants (PPR)
QI03AE Live bacterial vaccines
QI03AE01 Mycobacterium
QI03AF Live bacterial and viral vaccines
Empty group
QI03AG Live and inactivated bacterial vaccines
Empty group
QI03AH Live and inactivated viral vaccines
Empty group
QI03AI Live viral and inactivated bacterial vaccines
Empty group
QI03AJ Live and inactivated viral and bacterial vaccines
Empty group
QI03AK Inactivated viral and live bacterial vaccines
Empty group
QI03AL Inactivated viral and inactivated bacterial vaccines
Empty group
QI03AM Antisera, immunoglobulin preparations, and antitoxins
Empty group
QI03AN Live parasitic vaccines
Empty group
QI03AO Inactivated parasitic vaccines
Empty group
QI03AP Live fungal vaccines
Empty group
QI03AQ Inactivated fungal vaccines
Empty group
QI03AR In vivo diagnostic preparations
Empty group
QI03AS Allergens
Empty group
QI03AT Colostrum preparations and substitutes
Empty group
QI03AU Other live vaccines
Empty group
QI03AV Other inactivated vaccines
Empty group
QI03AX Other immunologicals
Empty group
QI03X Capridae, others
Empty group
Notes
References
I03 |
23571698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Henry%20Nind | Philip Henry Nind | Philip Henry Nind (7 April 1831 – 9 March 1896) was an English rower and gold commissioner in colonial British Columbia. He was also a politician in Queensland, Australia, where he was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.
Early life
Philip Henry Nind was born in Wargrave, Berkshire on 7 April 1831, the son of Rev. Philip Henry Nind and his wife Agnes Bussell. He attended Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford where he was a proficient rower. In the 1852 Boat Race, he rowed No 3 in the winning Oxford boat stroked by J W Chitty. At Henley Royal Regatta, he won Silver Goblets in 1852 partnering H R Barker and was also a member of the winning Oxford four in the Stewards' Challenge Cup. In 1853 Nind was a member of the winning Oxford eight in the Grand Challenge Cup at Henley and was also again in the winning Oxford four in Stewards' Challenge Cup. He was a member of the crew in the winning Oxford Boat in the 1854 Boat Race.
British Columbia
In 1860 Nind took the position of Gold Commissioner and JP for Cariboo, British Columbia as the Cariboo Gold Rush was just getting under way. William Pinchbeck accompanied Nind to Williams Lake to create a local government and bring law and order to the area. Nind had originally considered Fort Alexandria for this purpose but chose Williams Lake instead as it was at a junction of two main pack trails: one from the Douglas Road and another through the Fraser Canyon. While stationed in the Cariboo Nind wrote voluminous letters and reports to Vancouver Island governor James Douglas in Victoria, telling him about the many developments taking place in the district. In 1861 Nind had a government house built and requested the construction of a jail. By the middle of the year he was severely overworked causing him insomnia and a nervous twitch, In October he requested leave and in December went to England. It took three men to replace him in the work he had been doing. He was succeeded as gold commissioner by Thomas Elwyn until Elwyn resigned later in the year through conflict of interest in having his own claim. Nind returned to British Columbia with his new wife in 1863. When the gold escort was temporarily revived in 1863 Elwyn was made second in command to Nind Nind was moved around from one backwater post to another until he resigned in 1866.
Queensland, Australia
In 1869 Nind and his wife moved to Queensland, Australia. He was for a time in North Queensland where he was active in exploration. On 4 October 1873 he accompanied George Elphinstone Dalrymple and Sub-Inspector Robert Johnstone in entering the Glady's River.
In conjunction with Mr Fursden, Nind established a farm on the Pimpama River of about 2000 acres with about 80 acres of sugarcane.
He became a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly representing the electorate of Logan from 28 November 1873 to 27 May 1874 and from 8 June 1874 to 3 April 1875. The first election was declared void. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly by a very small majority.
Later life
In 1876 Nind returned to England as an emigration lecturer appointed by the Queensland Government. He died on 9 March 1896 at Lashlake House, Thame, Oxfordshire, England aged 64.
Nind Street in Southport is named after him.
See also
List of Oxford University Boat Race crews
References
1832 births
1896 deaths
People educated at Eton College
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
English male rowers
Gold commissioners in British Columbia
Pre-Confederation British Columbia people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
19th-century Australian politicians |
23571702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%C4%83u%C8%9Bi | Marcăuți | Marcăuţi may refer to:
Marcăuţi, Briceni, a commune in Moldova
Marcăuţi, Dubăsari, a commune in Moldova |
23571707 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc%C4%83u%C8%9Bi%2C%20Dub%C4%83sari | Marcăuți, Dubăsari | Marcăuți is a village in Dubăsari District, Moldova.
References
Villages of Dubăsari District
Populated places on the Dniester |
6900238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehdi%20Rajabzadeh | Mehdi Rajabzadeh | Mehdi Rajabzadeh (; born June 21, 1978) is a retired Iranian footballer who last played for Zob Ahan and Mes kerman Rajabzadeh played as a midfielder and is the second-top scorer in the history of the Persian Gulf Pro League.
Club career
Rajabzadeh started his career at Fajr Sepasi where he impressed enough to be transferred to Zob Ahan FC in 2003. During the 2006/07 season Rajabzadeh became the top goalscorer by scoring 17 goals. He is one of the top all time IPL goalscorers.
Club career statistics
Assist Goals
International career
He made his debut for Iran against Qatar in February 2004. In October 2006, he joined Team Melli in an LG cup tournament held in Jordan. He scored his first goal for Iran on October 4, 2006 in a match against Iraq.
As of February 2008, he has 17 caps and 4 goals for Iran.
International goals
Scores and results list Iran's goal tally first.
The second-top scorer in the Iranian Premier League
Mehdi Rajabzadeh is the second-top scorer in the history of this competition after Gholamreza Enayati, scoring 116 goals with the shirts of Fajr Sepasi Shiraz, Zobahan Isfahan and Mes Kerman in the Premier League.
Honours
Fajr Sepasi
Hazfi Cup (1): 2000-01, 2001-02 Runner up, 2002-03 Runner up
Zob Ahan
AFC Champions League: 2010 Runner up
Iran Pro League: 2004–05 Runner up
Hazfi Cup (2): 2014–15, 2015–16
Iranian Super Cup (1): 2016
Iran National Team
WAFF Championship (1): 2007
LG Cup (1): 2006
Individual
Iran Pro League Top Goalscorer: 2006–07 (17 Goals)
Top scorer in Iran Pro League: 116 goals
References
رجبزاده: زمانی ذوبآهن به بارسلونای کوچک معروف بود/ در مورد پرسپولیس و آلکثیر حرفی نزدم Retrieved in Persian www.farsnews.ir خبرگزاری فارس
رجبزاده: عملکرد هر سرمربی از نتایج تیمش مشخص است/ ذوبآهن نباید بهراحتی امتیاز از دست دهد Retrieved in Persian www.tasnimnews.com خبرگزاری تسنیم
مهدی رجب زاده رسما مربی ذوب آهن شد Retrieved in Persian www.mehrnews.com خبرگزاری مهر
رجب زاده در کنار ژاوی قرار گرفت (عکس) Retrieved in Persian www.varzesh3.com ورزش سه
Biography Mehdi Rajabzadeh Retrieved in Persian
نام کاپیتان سابق ذوب آهن در تقویم AFC ثبت شد Retrieved in Persian www.imna.ir خبرگزاری ایمنا
رجبزاده: آنقدر کارایی فنی دارم که در لیگ برتر کار کنم/ ذوبآهن به اصلاح نیاز دارد Retrieved in Persian www.isna.ir news خبرگزاری دانشجویان ایران ایسنا
اقدام جالب توجه ذوب آهن ؛ پیراهن مهدی رجب زاده بایگانی شد Retrieved in Persian www.ilna.news خبرگزاری ایلنا
Seongnam vs. Zob Ahan Retrieved Soccerway 13 November 2010
External links
Mehdi Rajabzadeh at PersianLeague.com
Mehdi Rajabzadeh at National-Football-Teams.com
Mehdi Rajabzadeh at FootballDatabase.eu
1978 births
Living people
Iranian footballers
Iran international footballers
Association football forwards
Fajr Sepasi players
Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players
Sanat Mes Kerman F.C. players
Iranian expatriate footballers
People from Shiraz
Emirates Club players
Al Dhafra FC players
2007 AFC Asian Cup players
UAE Pro League players
People from Kazerun
Sportspeople from Fars province |
20465052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy%20Schedl | Timothy Schedl | Timothy Schedl (born 1955 in Iowa City, Iowa) is a professor of genetics at Washington University in St. Louis.
Biography
Early life and education
Timothy Bruce Schedl was born in 1955 to University of Iowa chemistry professor Harold Schedl and professor of art Naomi Schedl. He has two brothers, Andrew Schedl and Paul Schedl. He received his degree from Lawrence University in 1977.
Career
In 1990, he and his wife, Amy moved to St. Louis where he occupied the same position that he does now. The Schedl lab studies germline development of the soil nematode C. elegans, and uses genetic, molecular, and cellular approaches to investigate germcell proliferation and entry into meiosis, progression through meiotic prophase, meiotic maturation and ovulation, and germline sex determination.
Schedl has published 33 papers with various people in his lab and his field. One of his pictures also ended up as the cover of Science.
Marriage and children
He was married to his wife Amy in 1974, and now also has two children, Will and Maggie.
References
Schedl Lab; http://www.genetics.wustl.edu/tslab/
1955 births
Living people
American geneticists
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Lawrence Technological University alumni |
20465055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear%20Swamp%20Preserve | Bear Swamp Preserve | Bear Swamp Preserve is a Nature Conservancy preserve and National Natural Landmark in Westerlo, New York. It consists of a pond and surrounding of swamp and woodland. It is recognized for its great laurel tree population. It has two nature trails totaling about in length.
See also
List of National Natural Landmarks in New York
References
External links
The Nature Conservancy: Bear Swamp Preserve
National Natural Landmarks in New York (state)
Geography of Albany County, New York
Nature Conservancy preserves in New York (state) |
17328047 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta.
History
Alberta's first energy regulatory body was created in 1938. A succession of agencies led to the new ERCB being established 1 January 2008, as a result of the realignment of the Alberta Energy and Utilities Board (EUB) into the ERCB and the Alberta Utilities Commission. The ERCB also includes the Alberta Geological Survey.
In October 2008, ERCB was named one of Alberta's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc., which was announced by the Calgary Herald and the Edmonton Journal.
Alberta Energy Regulator
Alberta Energy Regulator is a corporation created by the Responsible Energy Development Act passed on 10 December 2012 and proclaimed on 17 June 2013, in the Alberta Legislature, operating at arm's length from the Government of Alberta, under an appointed board of directors headed by Chair, Gerry Protti and CEO Jim Ellis, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes. On 17 June 2013, all regulatory functions previously carried out by the Energy Resources Conservation Board were taken over by the Alberta Energy Regulator.
Alberta Energy Regulator is "100 per cent funded by industry and is authorized to collect funds through an administrative fee levied on oil and gas wells, oil sands mines, and coal mines. The industry-funded model is commonly used by regulatory agencies from various sectors across North America." AER has "an annual budget of more than $165 million, more than "1000 staff working in 13 locations across Alberta." Alberta Energy Regulator "regulates approximately - 181,000 active wells, 27,800 oil facilities and 20,000 gas facilities, and 405,000 kilometres (km) of pipelines." AER also "considers some 36 800 applications for energy development every year."
In December 2012, the Responsible Energy Development Act passed in the Alberta Legislature. Alberta Energy Regulator is mandated under the Act, to direct and oversee "the orderly transition from the Energy Resources Conservation Act to the Responsible Energy Development Act. Under this act, the newly formed Alberta Energy Regulator, will "bring together the regulatory functions from the Energy Resources Conservation Board and the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Resource Development into a one-stop shop." The Alberta Energy Regulator is now "responsible for all projects from application to reclamation." They will respond to project proponents, landowners and industry regarding energy regulations in Alberta. The Alberta Energy Regulator was phased in during June 2013. Responsible Energy Development Act gave the Alberta Energy Regulator "the authority to administer the Public Lands Act, the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act and the Water Act, with regards to energy development." The Alberta Energy Regulator will enforce environmental laws and issue environmental and water permits, responsibilities formerly the mandate of Alberta Environment.
Gerry Protti, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes, on 18 June 2013, as chair of the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER), that will regulate oil, gas and coal development in Alberta, was a former executive with Encana, the founding president of the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) and spent many years as lobbyist for the Energy Policy Institute of Canada. Jim Ellis, a former deputy minister in environment and energy, was appointed as CEO by the Lieutenant Governor
in Council.
In the past the Energy Resources Conservation Board and Alberta Environment conducted investigations differently. Alberta Surface Rights Group, the United Landowners of Alberta, First Nations, farmers and ranchers have expressed concerns about the streamlining of regulatory processes that may benefit oil and gas industries at their expense.
According to their brochure the Alberta Energy Regulator "ensures the safe, efficient, orderly, and environmentally responsible development of hydrocarbon resources over their entire life cycle. This includes allocating and conserving water resources, managing public lands, and protecting the environment while providing economic benefits for all Albertans."
Scope
The ERCB regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of oil, natural gas, oil sands, and coal, and as well as the pipelines to move the resources to market.
Regulation was done through two core functions: adjudication and regulation, and information and knowledge. ERCB approval must have been given at almost every step of an energy project's life.
Governance
To maintain its autonomous structure, the ERCB answered directly to the Executive Council (Cabinet) of Alberta through the Minister of Energy, but it made its formal decisions independently in accordance with the six statutes it administers.
Organization structure
The ERCB was led by a Board of eight people: a Chairman and Board Members. Supporting the Chairman and Board Members was the Executive Committee, and approximately 900 staff who worked in eight main branches:
Applications
This branch, made up of three groups, provided a streamlined approach to processing some 40 000 energy development applications each year. The Facilities Group handled project reviews, audits, and approvals related to new or modified oil and gas facilities, such as wells, pipelines, batteries, and gas plants. The Resource Group dealt with applications and issues related to development and conservation projects for oil, gas, and coal. The Business Operations and Development Group managed the coordination of administrative support, approvals development, planning, objections, and hearings.
Field surveillance and operations
This branch provided technical and operational expertise in the development, application, and enforcement of regulatory requirements for conventional and nonconventional resources. The branch ensured that oil and gas operations are conducted in a safe and responsible manner through incident response, resource conservation, protection of the environment, and industry liability management. Operating from Field Centres across Alberta, field staff inspected construction, operation, and abandonment operations at oil, gas, and oil sands facilities and respond to emergencies and public concerns on a 24-hour basis.
Corporate support
This branch incorporated several groups. Human Resources provides services and programs to ensure that a competent and committed workforce was in place to achieve ERCB goals and objectives. The Communications Group developed strategic communication, consultation strategies and delivers related media, Web site, and document services to keep staff and stakeholders informed about ERCB activities. Administrative Services provided building, library, and printing services.
Finance
This branch provided revenue and expenditure management and administration of the industry funding levy. In addition, staff coordinated the preparation of the ERCB's three-year business plan and performance reporting.
Information and systems services
This branch was responsible for ERCB information systems, support, and technological infrastructure, with a focus on new ways to deliver electronic commerce. Another core area was the collection and dissemination of energy resource information, including oil and gas production. This information was also used to determine provincial royalties, well records, regulatory publications, maps, and various energy databases.
Law
This branch provided a wide range of legal advice and services to the organization, with a focus on procedural fairness and objectivity. Its responsibilities included application and regulatory policy, hearings, proceedings, related internal and external consultations, and the formulation of energy regulations and legislation. The branch administered intervener funding and led a key advisory committee that advises the Board on decisions and policy matters.
Geology, environmental science, and economics
This branch maintained an integrated and current inventory of Alberta's subsurface energy, mineral, and other resources in a geological framework. It provided knowledge, advice, and forecasts about the states of earth-energy resource development in the context of Alberta's environment, economy, and society. The branch also developed and supported regulatory processes and best practices to conserve earth-energy resources, maintains environmental quality, assures public safety, and guides informed risk taking in regulatory and policy decisions.
Oil Sands
The Oil Sands Branch had overall responsibility for how the ERCB regulated oil sands activities in Alberta. The branch comprised the Mineable Oil Sands Group, which looked after oil sands developments that use mining recovery technology as well as bitumen upgrading, and the In Situ Oil Sands Group, which focused on developments using recovery technology involving subsurface or in situ recovery methods. Collaborating with other ERCB branches, the Oil Sands Branch took the lead on processing applications, conducting surveillance and enforcement of approved projects, and carrying out geological assessments as they apply to the oil sands.
In their 2012 report ECRB cautioned that oil sands operators failed to convert their tailings ponds into deposits suitable for reclamation in a timely fashion, as proposed in their project applications. "The volume of fluid tailings, and the area required to hold fluid tailings, continued to grow, and the reclamation of tailings ponds was further delayed." ECRB follows the industry wide directive, Directive 074, the first of its kind, which sets out the "industry-wide requirements for tailings management," requiring "operators to commit resources to research, develop, and implement fluid tailings reduction technologies and to commit to tailings management and progressive reclamation as operational priorities that are integrated with mine planning and bitumen production activities." The Government of Alberta is setting up a Tailings Management Framework to complement and expand Directive 074's policies to "ensure that fluid fine tailings are reclaimed as quickly as possible and that current inventories are reduced."
On 12 June 2013 the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo after many days of heavy rain, declared a state of emergency. The flood conditions lasted from June 10–18, 2013. It was the first of many communities to do so in Alberta during the 2013 floods. Wood Buffalo authorities organised evacuations from some areas and placed others in boil water advisories as local waterways, such as the Hangingstone River, rose to dangerously high levels.
Energy applications
An application was a request by a company for ERCB approval—in the form of a licence, order, permit, or approval—for an energy project. Most energy-related projects require ERCB approval. Each year tens of thousands of applications were reviewed and approved by the ERCB.
The ERCB also played a vital environmental protection role by reviewing flaring permits, oilfield waste disposal facilities, drilling waste practices, and emergency response plans.
ERCB approval for a facility or project was considered to be routine if an application was complete, there were no landowner objections, and the company applying had met all technical, safety, public consultation, and environmental requirements. The turnaround time for a complete and well-prepared routine application could be as short as one day.
Some projects required input from other government departments. The ERCB passed such applications to Alberta Environment, which handles distribution to other departments. This "one-window" approach meant that applicants did not have to go to each government department for individual review and approval. The general rule was that each government department checks that a specific proposal meets its own regulations and standards and then forwards any deficiencies or concerns to the ERCB via Alberta Environment.
Nonroutine applications took more time—weeks, or even months—to process if there were landowner objections, community and environmental concerns, or objections from competing companies. Objections to applications may also have been resolved through facilitation, mediation, or negotiated settlements approved by the Board. However, any unresolved matter or objection related to an application may have proceeded to an ERCB hearing.
Major publications
ERCB. 2011-06. "ST98-2011 Alberta’s Energy Reserves 2010 and Supply/Demand Outlook 2011–2020"
ERCB. 2011-04. "Big Reserves, Big Responsibility: Developing Alberta’s Oil Sands"
ERCB. 2009. "Directive 074: Tailings Performance Criteria and Requirements for Oil Sands Mining Schemes."
ERCB. 2008. "Directive 073: Requirements for Inspection and Compliance of Oil Sands Mining and Processing Plant Operations in the Oil Sands Mining Area."
Hearings
An ERCB hearing was a formal process that provided an important opportunity for different points of view about an energy project to be aired in a fair and orderly forum. A hearing allowed for an open, public testing of technical, environmental, social, and economic evidence from those involved. The process ensured that all relevant arguments for and against the energy facility project are heard.
ERCB hearings were held when the ERCB received an objection from a person who may have been directly and adversely affected by a proposed project. Applications filed may have created community concern or a need for more information; however, these matters were often settled through an Appropriate Dispute Resolution (ADR) process. When matters were settled through ADR or there were no public concerns and objections, there was no need for a hearing. The Board would also dismiss objections if the person does not appear to be directly or adversely affected.
The ERCB mailed a Notice of Hearing to inform people and organizations affected by an application about the hearing. The Notice of Hearing may have been published in daily and/or weekly newspapers.
Hearing notices were available on the ERCB Web site. Companies involved in large projects usually held an open house to explain their proposed project, answer citizens' questions, and address the community's concerns.
The Notice of Hearing provided interested parties with the following information:
date, time, and location of the hearing,
application number and nature of the application,
a contact for the company that filed the application,
ERCB information,
the due date for filing objections or interventions, and
a statement that all material relating to the proceeding is subject to Alberta's Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy legislation.
An ERCB hearing followed a formal process to ensure that everyone had a say:
Opening Remarks: The panel chair explains the purpose of the hearing and introduces the members of the panel and all ERCB staff in the room. Then participants in the hearing register an appearance, coming forward and introducing themselves.
Preliminary Matters: Procedural and legal matters are presented, such as adjournment requests or the scheduling of a specific witness at a particular time.
Applicant (Application): The applicant presents its case and may question its own witnesses. Then interveners, ERCB staff, and the Board panel may cross-examine those witnesses. Once cross-examinations are complete, the applicant may question the witnesses again to clarify any issues that arose.
Interveners: Interveners next present their cases in the same order they registered. After the intervener gives direct evidence, the lawyer for the applicant may cross-examine, followed by the other interveners who wish to cross-examine. ERCB staff and panel members may then cross-examine the intervener. Following cross-examination, the intervener is entitled to clarify any matters that arose.
Rebuttal Evidence by Applicant: Once the above process is complete with all the interveners and their witnesses, the applicant may submit additional evidence to address new points raised by interveners' evidence.
Final Argument or Summation: Participants may provide an explanation of what are the important aspects of the issues involved and what decisions they feel the panel should make. The applicant may respond to interveners' arguments.
Closing of Hearing: The panel chair announces the hearing is completed and that the decision of the panel and the reasons for it will be given at a later date.
Notes
References
External links
Energy Resources Conservation Board
Alberta Geological Survey Website
Alberta government departments and agencies
Organizations based in Edmonton
Energy regulatory authorities
Regulators of Canada |
23571722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Munster%20Senior%20Hurling%20Championship%20Final | 2007 Munster Senior Hurling Championship Final | The 2007 Munster Senior Hurling Championship Final was a Hurling match played on 8 July 2007 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary. It was contested by Limerick and Waterford. Waterford claimed their third Munster Championship of the decade, beating Limerick on a scoreline of 3-17 to 1-14, a 9-point winning margin. Overall, this was Waterford's eighth Munster Senior Hurling Championship.
Match details
References
Munster
Munster Senior Hurling Championship Finals
Hurling in County Limerick
Waterford GAA matches |
6900247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulder%20Mountain | Boulder Mountain | There are many mountains called Boulder Mountain, including:
Boulder Mountain (Colorado), high mountain summit
Boulder Mountain (Utah), a high plateau in central Utah, near Capitol Reef National Park
Boulder Mountain (British Columbia) near Tulameen, British Columbia, Canada
Boulder Mountain (Monashee Mountains) near Revelstoke, British Columbia
Boulder Mountains (Montana) - a range west of Helena, Montana
Boulder Mountains (Idaho) - a range in central Idaho, north of Sun Valley |
6900252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendas%2C%20Malaysia | Pendas, Malaysia | Pendas or Kangkar Pendas () is a fisherman village in Gelang Patah, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia.
References
Iskandar Puteri
Villages in Johor |
6900259 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Askos%2C%20Sochos | Askos, Sochos | Askos () is a small mountain village in northern Greece, part of the municipality Lagkadas. It is located approximately 60 kilometers from Thessaloniki.
The village is also known for the carnival of Sochos that is organized every year to advertise the wines and cheese that it produces.
There is also the historical mountain Tempelis in Askos.
The football team of Askos is Makedonikos and its colours are green and white.
References
Populated places in Thessaloniki (regional unit)
Villages in Greece |
23571725 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H2Cl2O2 | C2H2Cl2O2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H2Cl2O2}}
The molecular formula C2H2Cl2O2 (molar mass: 128.94 g/mol, exact mass: 127.9432 u) may refer to:
Chloromethyl chloroformate
Dichloroacetic acid |
17328053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay.
Qualified teams
First round
Nineteen teams were drawn into two groups of six and one group of seven. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top two teams in each group advanced to the Second round. Peñarol, the title holders, had a bye to the next round.
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Source:
Semifinals
There was one group of four teams and one of three. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top team in each group advanced to the Final.
Group 1
Racing and Universitario finished level on points, and Racing won a play-off 2-1
Group 2
Finals
Goalscorers
The top goalscorer in the tournament was Norberto Raffo of Racing Club, who scored 14 goals.
References
1
Copa Libertadores seasons |
23571732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arman%20%C4%B0nci | Arman İnci | Arman İnci (born February 4, 1991) is a Turkish-German actor.
Filmography
Television
References
External links
1991 births
German people of Turkish descent
German male film actors
German male child actors
Living people
German male television actors |
20465072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20John%20Glenn%20Story | The John Glenn Story | The John Glenn Story is a 1962 American short documentary film directed by Michael R. Lawrence about the astronaut John Glenn. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
References
External links
, posted by NASA
1962 films
1962 short films
1962 documentary films
American short documentary films
Documentary films about the space program of the United States
Films about astronauts
1960s short documentary films
John Glenn
1960s English-language films
1960s American films |
6900265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller%20Coaster%20%28Red%20Bacteria%20Vacuum%20album%29 | Roller Coaster (Red Bacteria Vacuum album) | Roller Coaster is the 2006 album by Osaka all-female band Red Bacteria Vacuum.
Track listing
"Roller Coaster"
"Nightmare"
"I'm Just A Breast Girl"
"Gimme Culture"
"No-Ten Fuck!!"
"Standing Here..."
2006 albums |
6900271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart%20Klawans | Stuart Klawans | Stuart Klawans has been the film critic for The Nation since 1988. He also writes a column on the visual arts for The New York Daily News.
Education
He obtained his degree from Yale University.
Awards and honors
He won the 2007 National Magazine Award for Reviews and Criticism and he received a 2003 Guggenheim Fellowship to work on a critical study of Preston Sturges. His 1998 book Film Follies: The Cinema Out of Order was a finalist in the Criticism category for the National Book Critics Circle Award.
Appearances
Klawans appears in the 2009 documentary For the Love of Movies: The Story of American Film Criticism describing the importance and impact of two deceased film critics, Manny Farber and Vincent Canby. His work has appeared in The New York Times.
Books
Film Follies: The Cinema Out of Order
Left in the Dark: Film Reviews and Essays, 1988-2001
Family
Klawans is the son of the late Yoletta Klawans, a first grade teacher, and the late Jack Klawans, a manager of a chain of women's clothing stores. Klawans is married to Bali Miller, a private advisor in modern and contemporary art in New York. He lives in New York City.
References
External links
Stuart Klawans on The Daily Beast
Stuart Klawans on New York Film Critics Choice
American film critics
Living people
The Nation (U.S. magazine) people
Yale University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) |
6900274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyday%20Sport | Everyday Sport | Everyday Sport is Sport England's physical activity campaign.
It was developed following work done in Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Finland and Canada which has shown that a social marketing campaign is a very useful tool in the overall drive to get more people playing sport, alongside development of the infrastructure of community sport.
Everyday Sport was launched as a pilot in the North East of England in May 2004, the campaign was then rolled out to the rest of the country in September 2005.
See also
Sport England
Sport in England
External links
Everyday Sport official website
Sport in England |
20465076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Porcupine%20%281807%29 | HMS Porcupine (1807) | HMS Porcupine was a Royal Navy of 24 guns, launched in 1807. She served extensively and relatively independently in the Adriatic and the Western Mediterranean during the Napoleonic Wars, with her boats performing many cutting out expeditions, one of which earned for her crew the Naval General Service Medal. She was sold for breaking up in 1816 but instead became the mercantile Windsor Castle. She was finally sold for breaking up in 1826 at Mauritius.
Design
Porcupine was rated a 24-gun ship and the original plan was that she would mount that number of long 9-pounder guns on her main deck plus two 6-pounder guns on her forecastle. She also carried ten 24-pounder carronades on her quarterdeck and forecastle. By the time that Captain Henry Duncan commissioned her in March 1807, the Admiralty had added two brass howitzers to her armament, while exchanging her 9-pounders for 32-pounder carronades. Her complement was increased by twenty to 175 officers, men and boys.
Service
Porcupine entered service in March 1807, operating in the Mediterranean Fleet during the Napoleonic Wars under the command of Captain Henry Duncan. Detached to serve on independent command in the Adriatic Campaign, Porcupine fought numerous minor actions with shore batteries and coastal merchant ships.
Adriatic
On 23 September 1807, she captured Fortuna. Then on 7 October Porcupine chased a trabaccolo into the harbour of Zupaino on Šipan (Giuppana), the largest of the Elaphiti Islands. That evening Duncan sent his boats, under the command of Lieutenant George Price, with Lieutenant Francis Smith, into the harbour where they captured and brought out the trabaccolo, which was the Venetian gunboat Safo. She was armed with a 24-pounder gun and some swivel guns, and had a crew of some 50 men, all under the command of enseigne de vaisseau Anthonio Ghega. She was well moored to the shore and was expecting an attack. Even so, once the British arrived, most of the crew jumped overboard. Safo belonged to a division of gunboats deployed to protect the coast and had been sent out from Ragusa (Dubrovnik) three days earlier. Also, before entering the harbour, the British captured a guard boat with one 4-pounder swivel gun. Despite the resistance, Porcupine had only two men wounded.
Between 23 September and 23 November, Porcupine captured some 40 enemy vessels, most of which were carrying grain and wine between Ragusa and Catero (Kotor). Duncan received intelligence that the French were going to fortify the island of Curzola. He therefore kept Porcupine between the island and Ragusa. On 27 November Lieutenant Price in the cutter captured two small vessels sailing from Ragusa; small arms fire from the shore wounded one man. Two days later Price went into the harbour of Zuliano where he destroyed several small vessels and wine in warehouses that was intended for French troops. He brought out the only vessel afloat, a trabaccolo carrying a cargo of wool. As he was leaving the port another trabaccolo approached and before Porcupine could intercept it, Price had captured it too. She was sailing from Ragusa to Curzola with military stores, including two 6½" brass mortars, two 5½" brass howitzers, four new carriages for 18-pounder guns, together with material for constructing a shore battery as well as shot and shell. Duncan was able to get the guns and most of the stores on to Porcupine before a gale came up, which forced him to destroy the two trabaccolos.
Porcupines next exploit occurred on 7 January 1808. After a chase of eight hours, Porcupine captured the French transport Saint Nicolo. She was armed with two guns, had a crew of 16 sailors, and also had on board 31 soldiers from the 6th Regiment of the Line. She was 36 hours out of Tarento. Finding out from the prize that another vessel had left four hour earlier, Duncan set out to find her in the channel between Paxos and Corfu. He was successful in intercepting his quarry, which turned out to be Madonna del Carmine. She was armed with six guns, had a crew of 20 men, and was carrying 33 soldiers, also from the 6th Regiment. Both vessels were on their first voyage and were carrying cargoes of grain and gunpowder for the garrison at Corfu.
Western Mediterranean
Next, Duncan was ordered to cruise in the Western Mediterranean off Naples and continued his successful operations against coastal shipping. Following the outbreak of the Peninsular War, Duncan was ordered to take the Duke of Orléans to Cadiz. Duncan refused and was subject to disparaging comments about his age, although he was later proven correct in his assessment. In June 1808, Robert Elliott was appointed to replace Duncan; however, some months elapsed before he was able to do so.
On 23 June a French vessel exited Civitavechia and tried to elude Porcupine. However, Porcupine succeeded in running her ashore between two towers, each armed with two cannons. Lieutenant Price took in the boats and succeeded in destroying her, without suffering any casualties and despite heavy fire from the towers. The vessel was from Ischia and was sailing with a cargo of wine.
Two days later, Porcupine was off the island of Monte Christo when a daylight she encountered a French schooner. After an 11-hour chase, Porcupine succeeded in capturing her about four leagues south of Bastia. The French crew abandoned their vessel and escaped before Porcupine could take possession of her. She was Nouvelle Enterprise, three weeks old, pierced for 14 guns but only mounting six. She was 24 hours out of Leghorn and was carrying bale goods for Scala Nova in Turkey.
However, on 9 July Duncan spotted an enemy merchant vessel, and her escorts, two gunboats, each armed with a 24-pounder gun, all sailing along the coast. Porcupine was becalmed off Monte Circello, Romania so Duncan sent in her boats. After rowing eight hours in the heat, the boats succeeded in driving the merchant vessel on shore and the gunboats to take shelter under the guns of two shore batteries at Port d'Anzo (Anzio). Three more French vessels arrived and succeeded in getting into the harbour. One of the vessels was a large polacca of six guns, and she anchored a little further out than the other vessels. That evening Duncan sent in the boats again to cut her out. The polacca, which had a crew of some 20-30 men, was expecting an attack and had tied her to the beach. French soldiers were on the beach, and the polacca was within close range of the batteries, a tower, and the gunboats. Still, the British succeeded in capturing her and getting her out to sea, though it took them about an hour and twenty minutes to do so. The polacca had been sailing from Hieres Bay to Naples with a cargo of salt. In the attack, the British suffered eight men wounded, including Lieutenant Price, who was severely injured in his head and leg. He received a promotion to commander for this and earlier achievements in some 30 boat actions. In 1847 the Admiralty issued the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "10 July Boat Service 1808" to all surviving claimants from the action.
On 10 July, Porcupine captured Madonna de Rosario. Eleven days later, Porcupine ran a French polacca ashore near Monte Circello. Lieutenant Smith took in the boats and destroyed the polacca, which was of about 200 tons burthen (bm) and which had been carrying a cargo of iron hoops and staves. The cutting out expedition suffered no casualties though it came under fire from a tower with two guns located no more than a pistol-shot away.
After dark on 8 August, Porcupine, still under the command of Duncan, had her cutter and jolly boat under Lieutenant Francis Smith cut out a vessel she had run ashore on the island of Pianosa. The cutting out party was successful, bringing out Concepcion, which was armed with four guns. She had been lying within 30 yards of a tower and a shore battery of six guns. She was also defended by soldiers on the beach and one of her guns which she had landed. She had been carrying bale goods from Genoa to Cyprus. The action cost Porcupine one man killed, and a lieutenant and eight men severely wounded, with three men later dying of their wounds. Smith might have received a promotion for this and prior actions but Duncan's letter to Admiral Collingwood was lost and the duplicate arrived only after Collingwood had died in March 1810.
Channel
By 14 July 1810, Elliot had assumed command of Porcupine. On that day the sailing master for Porcupine impressed an American sailor, Isaac Clark, from Jane out of Norfolk, Virginia. Elliott tore up the seaman's protection (a document attesting to his being an American citizen and so exempt from British impressment), declaring the man an Englishman. Over the next few weeks Elliott had Clark whipped three times (each whipping consisting of 24 lashes) when Clark refused to go on duty, and held in irons on bread and water. After nine weeks Clark surrendered. He served on Porcupine for two and a half years, being wounded in an engagement with a French frigate. Eventually he was transferred to and then to a hospital due to ongoing problems with his wound. There the American consul was able to get him released and discharged, a copy of the protection having been forwarded from Salem, Massachusetts. Clark further testified that there were seven Americans aboard Porcupine, three of whom had agreed to serve.
In 1811, Porcupine was ordered to sail to Brazil and returned to Portsmouth. She was at Portsmouth on 31 July 1812 when the British authorities seized the American ships there and at Spithead on the outbreak of the War of 1812. She therefore shared, with numerous other vessels, in the subsequent prize money for these vessels: Belleville, Aeos, Janus, Ganges, and Leonidas.
Porcupine later joined the squadron off Bordeaux, assisting the British advance during the Peninsular War. Porcupine, while under command of Captain John Goode and carrying the flag of Rear-Admiral Charles Penrose, through early 1814 operated against French coastal positions and squadrons.
On the morning of 23 February 1814, she and the other vessels of Penrose's flotilla assisted the British Army in its crossing of the Ardour river, near Bayonne. In this service two of Porcupines seamen drowned, as did some others from the flotilla when boats overturned crossing the bar on the coast.
On 2 April Captain Goode, who had ascended the Gironde above Pouillac, sent Porcupines boats, under the orders of Lieutenant Robert Graham Dunlop, to pursue a French flotilla that was proceeding down from Blaye to Tallemont. As the British boats approached them, the French flotilla ran on shore under the cover of about 200 troops from Blaye who lined the beach. Dunlop landed with a party of seamen and marines and drove the French off. The landing party remained until the tide allowed them to take away most of the French vessels. The British captured a gun-brig, six gun-boats, one armed schooner, three chasse-marées, and an imperial barge, and burned a gun-brig, two gun-boats, and a chasse-marée. Total British casualties were two seamen missing and 14 seamen and marines wounded.
Porcupine returned to Plymouth from Bordeaux on 6 September 1814. On 4 November she sailed to the Coast of Africa and thence to the Cape of Good Hope before coming back to Sierra Leone on 29 April 1815.
On 16 October 1815 Porcupine arrived at Deal and sailed for the river to be paid off. She arrived at Woolwich on 6 November and was paid off and laid up in ordinary. Although there were some plans for her to serve on the South America station, she never sailed again for the Royal Navy. Porcupine was sold at Woolwich Dockyard in April 1816 for breaking up.
Merchantman and loss
However, rather than breaking her up, J. Short & Co., purchased her, converted her to a merchantman and renamed her Windsor Castle. Her owners traded with India under a license from the British East India Company The supplemental pages for Lloyd's Register for 1816 show her master as "Hornblower", and her trade as London-India. In 1818 her master was T. Hoggart and her trade was London-Bengal.
On 1 June 1826, she put into Mauritius leaking badly. There she was surveyed, condemned as a constructive total loss, and sold for breaking up. , Lamb, master, was engaged to take Windsor Castles cargo.
Post script
In January 1819, the London Gazette reported that Parliament had voted a grant to all those who had served under the command of Lord Viscount Keith in 1812, between 1812 and 1814, and in the Gironde. Porcupine was listed among the vessels that had served under Keith in 1813 and 1814. She had also served under Kieth in the Gironde.
Notes, citations, and references
Notes
Citations
References
Ships of the Old Navy
External links
1807 ships
Banterer-class post ships
Ships of the British East India Company
Age of Sail merchant ships
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Ships built on the River Exe
Maritime incidents in June 1826 |
6900275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galapagos%20bullhead%20shark | Galapagos bullhead shark | The Galapagos bullhead shark, Heterodontus quoyi, is a bullhead shark of the family Heterodontidae found in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean between latitudes 0° to 10°S, at depths between 3 and 40 m. It can reach a length of 1.07 m.
The reproduction of this bullhead shark is oviparous.
References
External links
Heterodontidae
Fish described in 1840 |
6900276 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren%20Bradley%20%28footballer%29 | Warren Bradley (footballer) | Warren Bradley (20 June 1933 – 6 June 2007) was an English footballer who played for Manchester United and England.
Bradley was born in Hyde, Cheshire, and educated at Hyde Grammar School, where he played for Bolton Wanderers youth and B teams for eight years. He then attended Hatfield College at the University of Durham, and appeared for Durham City before joining Northern League side Bishop Auckland, one of the leading amateur clubs in the country, in 1955.
In February 1958, many of the players and staff of Manchester United were killed or injured in the Munich air crash. To fulfil their immediate fixture commitments, they needed to find several good players at short notice, and turned to Bishop Auckland for help. Three England amateur internationals, including Bradley, were loaned to United's reserve team while the club tried to rebuild. After a few months, having recovered from his injuries received in the crash, United's manager Matt Busby returned to work and was impressed by Bradley. He was signed as a part-time professional in November 1958, taking a job as a teacher in Stretford, and made his first-team debut for United against his old club, Bolton Wanderers.
In May 1959, Bradley was selected by England manager Walter Winterbottom, and became the first and only player to play for both the professional and amateur England teams in the same season. He played just three games for the full England team, including a tour of Mexico and the United States, and scored twice. However, his career at Manchester United never progressed any further, and he was transferred to Bury in 1962 for £2,500. He left Bury after a couple of seasons, and after brief spells with Northwich Victoria, Macclesfield Town and Bangor City, he retired in 1966.
After his retirement from football he had a long career as a headteacher, latterly at Deane School in Bolton, and worked with the Manchester United ex-players association.
Honours
Bishop Auckland
FA Amateur Cup: 1956, 1957
References
External links
Profile at StretfordEnd.co.uk
Obituary at www.bigsoccer.com
1933 births
2007 deaths
People from Hyde, Greater Manchester
English footballers
England international footballers
England amateur international footballers
Association football wingers
Durham City A.F.C. players
Bolton Wanderers F.C. players
Bishop Auckland F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Bury F.C. players
Northwich Victoria F.C. players
Bangor City F.C. players
Macclesfield Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Schoolteachers from Greater Manchester
Alumni of Hatfield College, Durham |
23571736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C6H4Cl2 | C6H4Cl2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C6H4Cl2}}
The molecular formula C6H4Cl2 (molar mass: 147.00 g/mol) may refer to:
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dichlorofulvenes
1,6-Dichloro-2,4-hexadiyne |
6900285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Skies%20Over%20Europe | Red Skies Over Europe | Red Skies Over Europe is a 2004 action video game developed by Polish studio Interactive Vision and published by Akella. The game is set in the Eastern Front conflict between the Axis Powers Luftwaffe and the Soviet Air Force in World War II. The player can fly in aircraft such as the MiG-3, Yak-9, IL-2, Messerschmitt Bf 109, Junkers Ju 87. There are 40 missions in the game.
References
2004 video games
Combat flight simulators
Video games developed in Poland
Video games set in the Soviet Union
Windows games
Windows-only games
World War II video games
Akella games |
20465077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lies%20Across%20America | Lies Across America | Lies Across America, a 1999 book by James Loewen, is a sequel to his 1995 work Lies My Teacher Told Me. The book focuses on historical markers and museums across the United States, arguing that every historic site is "a tale of two eras": the one from when the event happened and the one from when the event was commemorated.
The survey starts on the West Coast and moves east, a deliberate break from the traditional American history found in textbooks, which begin with the Pilgrims and follow westward expansion. In the book, Loewen prioritized Native American history and the Spanish colonization of the Americas over that of other European colonization.
Loewen's book voices two major complaints about historical markers in the United States. The first deals with historical markers established in the Southern United States that attempt to whitewash the history of slavery and the period of Reconstruction. Many of these markers were established between 1890 and 1920, the nadir of American race relations. Most were placed by organizations with pro-Confederate agendas and reflect the racism of the early 20th century. While some markers have been altered in the last 40 years as a result of civil rights progress, many have not, especially those at American Civil War battle sites and in the South.
Loewen's second major complaint deals with the treatment of Native Americans, who are often neglected and omitted in the telling of American history. The author challenges and corrects many of the inaccurate and Eurocentric mistruths spread by historical markers across America.
At the end of his book, Loewen makes suggestions for how those concerned about the misrepresentation of history can change markers and monuments to convey historical truth and accuracy. The organizations running historical sites are faulted in Loewen's book according to Wilton Corkern.
References
External links
Review in The American Prospect
Excerpt in The New York Times
1999 non-fiction books
History books about the United States
Historical markers in the United States
Historical revisionism |
20465089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pine%E2%80%93cypress%20forest | Pine–cypress forest | Pine–cypress forest is a type of mixed conifer woodland in which at least one species of pine (genus Pinus) and one species of cypress (genus Cupressaceae) are present. Such forests are noted in several parts of the world, but are particularly well studied in Japan, and the United States.
Ecology
A quality of these mixed conifer forests is the mutualistic relationship between pine and cypress trees. In Japanese pine-cypress forests, pine stumps have been found to help stimulate the growth and germination of cypress trees. Cypress trees are extremely sensitive to pH and prefer more acidic soils. Decaying pine stumps have a lower pH than surrounding soils, it is believed that this is the main factor influencing the increased prevalence of cypress seedlings. Analysis of evapotranspiration on pine and cypress wetlands found that both tree types are sensitive to changes in ambient temperature, but pines are more sensitive to changes in humidity. This difference in vulnerabilities could contribute to overall forest resiliency.
Forest Management
Like many mixed forest types, human forest management can impact the structures of pine-cypress forests. A study based in Taiwan used computer modeling to determine the stand density index for pine-cypress forests. This helps to measure interspecies relationships within forests, including species density, competition, and tree development. This is helpful for informing future management practices by maintaining a more current understanding of forest dynamics. Because both tree types can be very sensitive to changes in forest hydrology, additional management is necessary beyond density monitoring. Contentious management of flooding and drainage was shown to improve the health of both pine and cypress trees in a mixed ecosystem.
Global Occurrences
Japan
Pine-cypress forests can be found in much of central Japan. A heterogeneous landscape, consisting of pine-oak forests, timber plantations and cypress groves help to maintain this forest structure.
United States
California
California occurrences of pine–cypress forest are typically along Pacific coastal headlands. Understory species in these California pine–cypress forests include salal and western poison oak.
Florida
Many of the Florida occurrences of pine–cypress forest are in swampy areas such as the Everglades.
See also
Pygmy forest
References
Cupressaceae
Pinaceae |
6900290 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayashio-class%20submarine | Hayashio-class submarine | The Hayashio-class submarine was the successor design to the , and the predecessor of the with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. Ordered in 1959, the boats were small with limited capability but were successful. Constructed in Japan from 1960 to 1962, they remained in service until 1979 when they were discarded.
Design and description
The Hayashio class were based on the United States Navy Barracuda-class submarines. They were small with limited capability and were shorter and wider than the preceding Japanese . The main mission of the class was for operations in coastal waters. They were air conditioned and provided quality habitability for their crews and were considered a successful submarine design. They measured long overall with a beam of and a draft of . They had a surfaced displacement of and submerged. Part of the design was to reduce hull resistance and to do this, external framing was used to improve internal space and create a better double hull. They had a crew of 43.
The submarines were propelled by two propeller shafts powered by a diesel-electric system composed of two Sulzer-Mitsubishi diesel engines creating and two electric motors creating . The main storage batteries were water-cooled. This gave the vessels a maximum speed of surfaced and submerged. To improve underwater maneuverability, a joystick was installed instead of the traditional wheel at the helm position. The submarines mounted three torpedo tubes in the bow for torpedoes. The class used a water pressure system to launch torpedoes that eliminated the creation of water bubbles.
Boats
Construction and career
Both submarines were ordered in 1959 from Japanese shipyards. Both Hayashio and Wakashio entered service in 1962. On 20 May 1970, Hayashio collided with a merchant vessel damaging the submarine's periscope. They were both stricken from the naval vessel register in 1979, with Wakashio on 23 July 1979.
Notes
Citations
References
Submarine classes |
20465095 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%20Uzbek%20parliamentary%20election | 2009–10 Uzbek parliamentary election | Parliamentary elections were held in Uzbekistan on 27 December 2009 and 10 January 2010 to elect the 150 members of the Legislative Chamber of Uzbekistan, the lower house of the Oliy Majlis. Of these, 135 were directly elected from single member constituencies using the two-round system, while 15 seats were reserved for the country's Ecological Movement. Provincial and district councils were elected at the same time. Polls opened at 6 am Uzbekistan Time (0100 UTC) and closed at 8 pm UZT (1500 UTC).
The Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party (O'zlidep) was reconfirmed as the largest single party in the Legislative Chamber, with 55 deputies. The other parties permitted to participate in the elections were the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (32 deputies), the Uzbekistan National Revival Democratic Party (Milliy Tiklanish, 31 deputies) and the Justice Social Democratic Party (Adolat, 19 deputies).
The elections were monitored by over 270 observers from 36 countries and representatives of four international missions. The election monitoring arm of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) did not send a full mission, saying none of its earlier recommendations had been implemented: an OSCE assessment mission observed voting at several polling places, but did not do comprehensive vote monitoring. Veronica Szente Goldston, Human Rights Watch Advocacy Director for Europe and Central Asia, said the pre-election situation in Uzbekistan has been marked by intense repression by the government: "Human rights are violated everywhere around the country, there is no political competition, all the parties that are running for this election are supporting the government."
Campaign
A candidate for election had to belong to a registered party and collect a minimum of 40,000 signatures. Several opposition politicians have alleged that all candidates also had to be approved by the government before they would be placed on the ballot. The four registered parties were:
Adolat (Justice Social Democratic Party), with 123 candidates and 10 seats in the outgoing legislative chamber;
Milliy Tiklanish (Uzbekistan National Revival Democratic Party), with 125 candidates and 29 seats in the outgoing legislative chamber;
People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (PDP), with 134 candidates and 28 seats in the outgoing legislative chamber;
Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party (O'zlidep), with 135 candidates and 41 seats in the outgoing legislative chamber.
The election campaign consisted of 15- to 20-minute television programs each day for four days, as well as a second program called "Election – Mirror of Democracy". Transcripts from these shows were reprinted in newspapers, and billboards also appeared touting the upcoming choice that Uzbeks had to make. The four parties have publicly criticized each other, mainly over social policy, while praising President Islam Karimov's achievements. Freedom House, a US-based human rights organization, says the discussions appeared on television for the first time, which was a positive development, but that "We have some evidence from Uzbek activists that those debates were scripted. And even if not – these parties don't know themselves who they are, they have no ideology."
Ecological Movement
The Ecological Movement of Uzbekistan elected its 15 legislators at a congress, also held on 27 December, one from each territorial subdivision of Uzbekistan (Republic of Karakalpakstan, provinces and Tashkent city) plus one member from the executive committee of the Central Council of the Ecological Movement. Delegates to the congress were elected in equal numbers at the conferences of each of the territorial branches of the Ecological Movement.
Turnout
There were 17,215,700 eligible voters for the 2009 parliamentary elections. By 1 pm UZT (0800 UTC), 57.3% (9,879,195 voters) had cast their vote, ensuring that the election would be valid under Uzbekistani election law (33% minimum turnout required). By 5 pm UZT (1200 UTC), 79.4% (13,670,387 voters) had cast their votes. Final turnout for the first round (based on provisional figures) was 87.8% (15,108,950 voters).
On 24 December, all 16 million mobile phone users in Uzbekistan received an SMS informing them of the forthcoming elections. According to an Uzbek living in exile in the United States, "there are certain groups of the population which are under pressure and they are compelled to participate in the election – students, teachers, government employees."
For the second round on 10 January 2010, the electorate was 4,969,547. Of these, 16.3% (812,502 voters) were reported to have voted by 9 am UZT (0300 UTC), just three hours after polling stations had opened. The final turnout (based on provisional figures) when polls closed at 8 pm UZT (1500 UTC) was 79.7% (3,960,876 voters).
Results
Preliminary results were announced by the Central Election Commission on 29 December. Results were declared in 96 out of the 135 electoral districts; in the remaining 39 districts, no candidate obtained an overall majority of votes, and so a second round of voting was held in 10 January 2010. Final results were announced by the Central Election Commission on 13 January 2010.
Notes
References
External links
Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Elections in Uzbekistan
2009 parliamentary
Election and referendum articles with incomplete results |
6900298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Dellegatto | Paul Dellegatto | Paul N. Dellegatto (born August 3, 1960 in Natick, Massachusetts) is an American meteorologist and television weather forecaster. He is the chief meteorologist at WTVT in Tampa, Florida. Before coming to WTVT, he became a Meteorologist for WGME-TV in Portland, Maine in 1984. He then went on to become the Chief Meteorologist at WXII-TV in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He has been with WTVT since 1990, and took over for Roy Leep as the chief meteorologist in November 1997 (he previously served as morning meteorologist until 1997).
He is AMS Certified and one of the five (5) meteorologists that are certified broadcast meteorologists of the WTVT weather department. The only other certified broadcast meteorologists outside of WTVT in the market are Mike Clay, Josh Linker, Brian McClure, and Juli Marquez of Bay News 9, Tammie Souza of WTSP, and Steve Jerve and Leigh Spann of WFLA. Dick Fletcher of WTSP also held the seal prior to his passing in 2008.
On April 30, 2020, Dellegatto became the subject of a viral video when his golden retriever Brody crashed in the middle of a weather report filmed at Dellegatto's home.
External links
Official WTVT bio
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References
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People from Natick, Massachusetts
Television anchors from Tampa, Florida
American television meteorologists
1960 births
Natick High School alumni |
17328064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Shack%20%28Young%20novel%29 | The Shack (Young novel) | The Shack is a novel by Canadian author William P. Young that was published in 2007.
The novel was self-published but became a USA Today bestseller, having sold 1 million copies as of June 8, 2008. It was the No. 1 paperback trade fiction seller on The New York Times Best Seller list from June 2008 to early 2010, in a publishing partnership with Hachette Book Group USA's FaithWords imprint (Hodder & Stoughton in the UK). In 2009 it was awarded the "Diamond Award" for sales of over 10 million copies by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association.
The title of the book is a metaphor for "the house you build out of your own pain", as Young explained in a telephone interview. He also told radio host talk show Drew Marshall that The Shack "is a metaphor for the places you get stuck, you get hurt, you get damaged ... where shame or hurt is centered."
Plot
The novel is set in the American Northwest. The main character is Mackenzie Allen Phillips, a father of five called "Mack" by his family and friends. Four years prior to the main events of the story, Mack takes three of his children on a camping trip to Wallowa Lake near Joseph, Oregon, stopping at Multnomah Falls on the way. Two of his children are playing in a canoe when it flips and almost drowns Mack's son. Mack is able to save his son by rushing into the water and freeing him from the canoe's webbing but unintentionally leaves his youngest daughter Missy alone at their campsite. After Mack returns, he sees that Missy is missing. The police are called, and the family discovers that Missy has been abducted and murdered by a serial killer known as the "Little Ladykiller". The police find an abandoned shack in the woods where Missy was taken: Her bloodied clothing is found, but her body is not located. Mack's life sinks into what he calls, "The Great Sadness".
As the novel begins, Mack receives a note in his mailbox from "Papa", saying that he would like to meet with Mack that coming weekend at the shack. Mack is puzzled by the note—he has had no relationship with his abusive father since he left home at age 13. He suspects that the note may be from God, whom his wife Nan lovingly refers to as "Papa".
Mack's family leaves to visit relatives and he goes alone to the shack, unsure of what he will see there. He arrives and initially finds nothing, but as he is leaving, the shack and its surroundings are supernaturally transformed into a lush and inviting scene. He enters the shack and encounters manifestations of the three persons of the Trinity. God the Father takes the form of an African American woman who calls herself Elousia and Papa; Jesus is a Middle Eastern carpenter; and the Holy Spirit physically manifests as an Asian woman named Sarayu.
The bulk of the book narrates Mack's conversations with Papa, Jesus, and Sarayu as he comes to terms with Missy's death and his relationship with the three of them. Mack also has various experiences with each of them. Mack walks across a lake with Jesus, sees an image of his (earthly) father in Heaven with Sarayu, and has a conversation with Sophia, the personification of God's wisdom. At the end of his visit, Mack goes on a hike with Papa, now appearing as an older Native American male, who shows him where Missy's body was left in a cave.
After spending the weekend at the shack, Mack leaves and is so preoccupied with his joyous thoughts that he is nearly killed in an automobile accident. During recovery he realizes that he did not in fact spend the weekend at the shack, but that his accident occurred on the same day that he arrived at the shack. He also leads the police to the cave that Papa revealed, and they find Missy's body still lying there. With the help of forensic evidence discovered at the scene, the Little Ladykiller is arrested and put on trial.
Publication
Young originally wrote The Shack as a Christmas gift for his six children with no apparent intention of publishing it. After letting several friends read the book he was urged to publish it for the general public. In 2006, Young worked with Wayne Jacobsen, Brad Cummings (both former pastors from Los Angeles) and Bobby Downes (filmmaker) to bring the book to publication after a period of sixteen months and four rewrites. They had no success with either religious or secular publishers, so they formed Windblown Media for the purpose of publishing the book. The Shack achieved its No. 1 best selling success via word-of-mouth and with the help of a USD$300.00 website; it is often reported that nothing else had been spent on marketing up to September 2007. Additional startup funds were supplied by Brad Cummings, president of Windblown Media, who spent the maximum credit limit on 12 personal credit cards in order to publish the book.
Reception
The Shack went largely unnoticed for over a year after its initial publication, but suddenly became a very popular seller in mid-2008, when it debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times paperback fiction best seller list on June 8. Its success was the result of a "word-of-mouth, church-to-church, blog-to-blog campaign" by Young, Jacobsen and Cummings in churches and Christian-themed radio, websites, and blogs.
The Shack had over 10 million copies in print, and had been at No. 1 on The New York Times best seller list for 70 weeks. The Shack was also released in hardcover, and translated into Spanish as . In June 2009 a German translation with the title (The Hut – a Weekend with God) was released. It was also translated into Croatian as and became very popular in Croatia and also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The book was also translated into Polish as and published in 2009. There were re-editions in 2011 and 2017 due to its popularity.
However, former Mars Hill Church pastor Mark Driscoll criticized The Shack, saying that "it misrepresents God" and called William P. Young "a heretic". Evangelical author Chuck Colson wrote a review, called "Stay Out of The Shack", in which he criticizes the attribution of "silly lines" to characters representing the three Persons of the Trinity, and the author's "low view of scripture". R. Albert Mohler Jr. called The Shack "deeply troubling" on his radio show, saying that it "includes undiluted heresy". Apologists author Norman Geisler and William C. Roach published a critique in 2012 detailing their 14 points of theological disagreement with the book (including "unorthodox", "false", "classic heresy", "non-rational", "psychologically helpful ... doctrinally harmful", and "very dangerous").
Pastor Sean Cole of the Emmanuel Baptist Church in Sterling, Colorado, offered yet another critique appearing in Pulpit and Pen. He provides six major arguments against the content of the book and Young's portrayal of the Trinity, and offers them as major problems.
Theologian Randal Rauser has written a generally sympathetic guide to The Shack in his companion volume Finding God in the Shack (Paternoster, 2009). In the book Rauser responds to many of the objections raised by critics such as Colson and Mohler. Brad Robison, a psychiatrist and family therapist who used The Shack in his practice, wrote The Shack Study Guide (Windblown Media, 2016) to assist his patients on their healing journey. It is co-authored by William P. Young. Wayne Jacobsen, one of Young's early collaborators, wrote a detailed response to several common points of criticism. His column "Is The Shack Heresy?" was published online by Windblown Media.
Legal dispute
In July 2010, the Los Angeles Times reported that The Shack had "spawned a tangle of lawsuits over royalties and even the book's authorship". Young said that he was owed $8 million in royalties, Jacobsen and Cummings filed a suit against Young, Young asked the court to dismiss or stay the claims, and Jacobsen and Cummings responded. Hachette, the commercial publisher involved, asked the court to determine to whom it should pay royalties from the book. On January 10, 2011, the court declared that it had been advised that the case between Young et al. and Jacobsen et al. "has been settled or is in the process of being settled" and the case was dismissed.
Film adaptation
A film adaptation of The Shack, directed by Stuart Hazeldine and starring Sam Worthington, Octavia Spencer, and Tim McGraw, was released on March 3, 2017, to negative critical reviews. Audience response was more positive.
References in other works
The Shack was referred to by Stephen King in his 2010 title, Full Dark, No Stars, which is a compilation of four novellas. In the final novella, A Good Marriage, the protagonist recalls that her husband recommended she read The Shack and he said the novel was "a life-changer".
It is also cited in the introduction to Richard Rohr and Mike Morrell's The Divine Dance for encouraging people thinking about the Trinity again.
References
External links
Interview with William P. Young by broadcaster Sheridan Voysey
2007 American novels
2007 Canadian novels
Self-published books
American Christian novels
American novels adapted into films
Novels set in Oregon
Canadian novels adapted into films
Fiction about God
2007 debut novels
FaithWords books |
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