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20474972 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977%20Philadelphia%20Eagles%20season | 1977 Philadelphia Eagles season | The Philadelphia Eagles season was the franchise's 45th season in the National Football League (NFL). The team improved upon their previous output of 4–10, winning five games. Despite the improvement, the team failed to qualify for the playoffs for the seventeenth consecutive season.
Offseason
NFL Draft
Player selections
The table shows the Eagles selections and what picks they had that were traded away and the team that ended up with that pick. It is possible the Eagles' pick ended up with this team via another team that the Eagles made a trade with.
Not shown are acquired picks that the Eagles traded away.
Roster
Schedule
Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.
Standings
Regular season
Week 1: vs. Tampa Bay Buccaneers
at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Television CBS
Announcers: Frank Glieber, Johnny Unitas
Quarterback Ron Jaworski threw two touchdown passes and the defense allowed just 152 yards as the Eagles got their first opening-day victory in 10 years. Jaworski, playing for the Eagles for the first time since being traded from the Los Angeles Rams for tight end Charle Young, floated a seven-yard touchdown pass in the first period to running back Tom Sullivan. After Bucs kicker Dave Green kicked a 22-yard field goal in the third quarter to reduce the Eagles' lead to 7–3, Jaworski hit Keith Krepfle with a 17-yard score.
The last time the Eagles had won their season opener was 1967 when they beat the Washington Redskins. It was the 15th straight loss for the Buccaneers, who entered the league in 1976 and had yet to win a game. The Eagles' defense, led by defensive end Art Thomas who had recently been obtained from Oakland, and linebacker Bill Bergey, gave up 82 yards on the ground and 70 in the air.
Week 4: at New York Giants
at Giants Stadium i East Rutherford, New Jersey
Television CBS
Announcers: Pat Summerall, Tom Brookshier
Ron Jaworski hit tight end Keith Krepfle for a 55-yard touchdown pass and Charlie Smith with a 28-yarder, and Herb Lusk ran for touchdowns of 1 and 70 yards in a steady rain as Philadelphia evened their season record at 2–2 with an impressive road victory over the New York Giants. Giants QB Joe Pisarcik, who would later join the Eagles in 1980, threw an 80-yard touchdown pass to Jimmy Robinson for New York's only TD of the day.
Week 8: vs. New Orleans Saints
at Veterans Stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Television: CBS
Announcers: Don Criqui and Johnny Unitas
Ron Jaworski had a great day, running for two touchdowns and passing for two more, as the Eagles won their third game of the season. In the first half, after Jaworski ran for his first touchdown on a 13-play 68-yard drive, he drove the Eagles on a 6-play 35-yard drive that ended with a 11-yard touchdown pass from Jaworski to Harold Carmichael. In the second half, Eagles' safety John Sanders returned an intercepted pass 26 yards to the Eagles' 7-yard line, where 3 plays later Jaworski passed to Carmichael for another score. The Saints finally got on the scoreboard with an 8-play 62-yard drive that ended with a Bobby Douglass 9-yard touchdown pass to Henry Childs. But the Eagles answered to finish off the Saints with a 10-play 57-yard drive that ended with Jaworski's 2-yard touchdown run to cap a great day for the Eagles, with the final score 28–7.
Notes
References
Philadelphia Eagles seasons
Philadelphia Eagles
Philadel |
23577170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooplacurripa%20River | Cooplacurripa River | Cooplacurripa River, a perennial river of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast districts of New South Wales, Australia.
The river flows through the small locality of Cooplacurripa , after which it is named.
Course and features
Cooplacurripa River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, southeast of Branga Plain, south of Walcha, and flows generally southeast by south, joined by two tributaries including the Mummel River and Walcrow River, before reaching its confluence with the Manning River, north of Gloucester. The river descends over its course.
Land adjacent to the Cooplacurripa River is principally used as grazing for beef cattle. The cattle station, Cooplacurripa, situated on the Cooplacurripa River, was formerly owned by the Australian Agricultural Company.
Cooplacurripa River falls within the Northern NSW Trout Waters and includes the whole of the waters of the river, its creeks and tributaries upstream from its junction with, and including, the Mummel River.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
Mid North Coast |
20475002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulo%20S%C3%A9rgio%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201981%29 | Paulo Sérgio (footballer, born 1981) | Paulo Sérgio Ferreira Gomes (born 21 July 1981 in Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro), known as Paulo Sérgio, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for FC Bern.
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Association football midfielders
Moreirense F.C. players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
U.D. Leiria players
S.C. Beira-Mar players
Ettifaq FC players
Malaysia Super League players
PKNS F.C. players
Cypriot First Division players
Ayia Napa FC players
AEK Kouklia F.C. players
Muscat Club players
FC Bern players
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
Saudi Professional League players
Brazilian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Expatriate footballers in Saudi Arabia
Expatriate footballers in Malaysia
Expatriate footballers in Cyprus
Expatriate footballers in Oman
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Malaysia
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Oman
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Sportspeople from Rio de Janeiro (state) |
23577174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corang%20River | Corang River | Corang River is a perennial river of the Shoalhaven catchment located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Location and features
Corang River rises on the western slopes of the Budawang Range and flows generally northwest, joined by five minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Shoalhaven River at Cardies Point, north of Corang, descending over its course.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Southern Tablelands
Shoalhaven River |
23577175 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corindi%20River | Corindi River | Corindi River, an open mature wave dominated barrier estuary, is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Corindi River rises below Knobbys Lookout, in hilly country located to the west of Woolgoolga, and flows generally north northeast, north northwest, east northeast, and northeast, before reaching its mouth with the Coral Sea of the South Pacific Ocean north of Red Rock; descending over its course.
The river is transversed by the Pacific Highway near Corindi Beach.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers in Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Rivers |
23577178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crawford%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Crawford River (New South Wales) | The Crawford River, a perennial river of the Mid-Coast Council system, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Crawford River rises below Winns Mountain, northeast of Stroud, and flows generally east, southeast, then northeast through Myall River State Forest, before reaching its confluence with the Myall River at Bulahdelah; descending over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid-Coast Council
Mid North Coast |
17337250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrima | Lagrima | Lagrima is a melodic black/death metal band from Beirut, Lebanon. It is currently a two-man band, due to members constantly coming and going. As the band's founding member, Tarek Yazbek, quoted:
"The band line up has changed continuously due to a different reasons. Now I (Tarek Yazbek) have turned Lagrima into one man-band member featuring guest musicians.''
Band members
Current members
Bilal Al-Aghar - vocals (2010–2014)
Tarek Yazbek - guitar Bass Drum Machines Synth (2003–present)
Discography
Albums
Hannibal Ad Portas (2012)
Classical guitar composition
Lágrima is also the title of a classical guitar piece by Francisco Tárrega.
References
Musical groups established in 2003 |
26720771 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underdog%20%28You%20Me%20at%20Six%20song%29 | Underdog (You Me at Six song) | "Underdog" is the second single by English rock band You Me at Six written by Sam Moss, to be released from their second album: Hold Me Down. "Underdog" was released on 8 February 2010 and charted at a peak of #49 on the UK Singles Chart, marking the band's sixth most successful single to date. The single was added to BBC Radio 1's A Playlist during January 2010.
Music video
The music video for Underdog was shot at Brixton Academy in December 2009 and was directed by Nick Bartlett.
The music video is a mix of performance shots and a storyline where a ballerina is cheated on by her boyfriend with someone else. The ballerina then performs a routine. When she returns she kisses her boyfriend in front of the one he cheated with, who leaves. The ballerina then walks away, leaving him with no girl.
Track listing
Charts
"Underdog" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 49 on 14 February 2010, marking the band's third most successful single behind "Finders Keepers" and "Kiss And Tell" which peaked at number 33 and 42 in May and September 2009 respectively. "Underdog" also marks the bands' fifth Top 10 single to date. On its second week in the chart, the single fell 41 places to number 90, before falling out the following week.
Certifications
In popular culture
The song is featured in the soundtrack of Horrid Henry: The Movie, released in 2011.
References
2010 singles
You Me at Six songs
2010 songs
Virgin Records singles |
20475007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20Luzon%20State%20University | Southern Luzon State University | Lucban State University (LucSU; ), formerly known as Southern Luzon Polytechnic College (SLPC), is the premier, state-funded higher education institution in Quezon Province in the Philippines operating by virtue of Republic Act 9395. It is composed of 11 campuses in the province of Quezon, with the main campus situated in the Municipality of Lucban.
SLSU is mandated to provide advanced education, professional, technological instruction in the fields of allied medicine, education, engineering, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, environment, arts and sciences, accountancy, cooperative, business and entrepreneurship, technology and other relevant fields of study in the Province of Quezon and in Region IV-A CALABARZON. It is also mandated to undertake research and extension services and provide progressive leadership in its areas of specialization. By virtue of Republic Act 10931 or the Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act signed by President Rodrigo Duterte, SLSU will no longer be collecting tuition fees from its local, first degree undergraduate students.
History
Southern Luzon State University (SLSU) started as Lucban Municipal Junior High School by virtue of Municipal Resolution No. 5 passed in April 1964. Through the initiative of its founding president, Dr. Angelo Peña, a letter signed by 257 petitioners seeking the establishment of a Municipal Junior High School was favorably received and recommended by the Municipal Council and then Mayor Hobart Dator. The permit to operate was bestowed by Assistant Secretary of Education, Hon. Miguel Gaffud in July 1964. Since then, the Municipal Council allocated funds for its operations. Due to its expanding student population, Municipal Resolution No. 18 series of 1966 effectively expropriated about 4.9 ha of land in Barrio Kulapi - a site which the Council initially allocated for the establishment of a public market - in favor of the Municipal High School. This would then become the present site of the main campus of the university.
In May 1965, Municipal Resolution No. 86 was passed requesting the change of name to Lucban Municipal High School to accommodate students into the third and fourth year levels. The Director of Public Schools at the time approved the resolution in August 1965. On June 14, 1968, the Lucban Community College was created and was made part of Lucban Municipal Junior School as an adjunct institution for its School of Education, despite resistance from then Municipal and Provincial Councils for the school to operate as a college. The Municipal and Provincial Councils deemed it to be outside their authority to enact a law that would ensure the continued operation of the Community College.
The Lucban School for Philippine Craftsmen formally started in July 1970. By virtue of Republic Act 4345 also known as the merger law, the Lucban Municipal High School and Lucban School of Philippine Craftsmen became the Lucban National High School in July 1972 (with the continuous operation of Lucban Community College).
On August 30, 1977, President Ferdinand Marcos approved the conversion of the Lucban National High School and Lucban Community College into Lucban National College (LNC). This was in line with his administration's approach to countryside development by bringing Colleges and Universities to the provinces and rural areas. At the time, the LNC was the only government-run and funded College in the Southern Tagalog region.
In 1981, 20 Assemblymen of the Southern Tagalog Region sponsored the Parliamentary Bill No. 173 for the conversion of Lucban National College into Southern Luzon Polytechnic College (SLPC). The bill was approved in December 1981 and was signed into law known as Batas Pambansa No. 145 by President Marcos.
Since then, SLPC grew to establish seven satellite campuses located in various parts of the province of Quezon. The first satellite campus was inaugurated in Alabat in July 1991. In 1991, SLPC-Polilio was created by virtue of Board Resolution No. 19, Series of 1992. In the following year, two additional campuses were established: SLPC-Sampaloc in Brgy. Caldong, Sampaloc, Quezon (BOT Res. No. 33, series of 1993) and SLPC-Infanta. In 1996, another campus, the SLPC-Lucena Dual Training and Livelihood Center, was established under Board Resolution No. 130, series of 1996. Judge Guillermo Eleazar Polytechnic College was integrated in February 2002 under Board Resolution No. 352, series of 2002.
Judge Guillermo Eleazar Polytechnic College
Judge Guillermo Eleazar Polytechnic College was the former name of the college's satellite campus in Tagkawayan, Quezon. The satellite started as the Tagkawayan School of Fisheries under the Commission on Fisheries by virtue of Republic Act No. 4290 passed by the legislature on June 19, 1965. After 12 years, the school name was changed to Judge Guillermo Eleazar Memorial School of Fisheries by Presidential Decree No. 1273 issued by then president Ferdinand E. Marcos on December 27, 1977. Eventually, with the passage of Republic Act No. 8728, the school was converted into a state college known as Judge Guillermo Eleazar Polytechnic College. On March 17, 2007, through Republic Act No. 9395, it became part of the Southern Luzon State University.
Awards and Recognitions
SLSU is the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Center of Development in Teacher Education and Forestry. It is also an accredited "Dark Green School", which means that SLSU's instruction, research, and extension activities are geared towards environmental awareness and protection.
In 2018, the university is assessed as a Level III State University by the CHED, a level higher than in the 2007 evaluation. Based on the CHED-Department of Budget and Management Joint Circular, a Level III SUC is "very good in undertaking the functions of a state university/college", that is, instruction, research, and extension. In 2018, the AACCUP recognized SLSU as a top ranking SUC in the Philippines in terms of number of degree programs accredited.
The university has also been recognized by the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) of the Philippines for top performance in licensure examinations and for producing topnotchers in board examinations in the fields of Nursing, Midwifery, Teacher Education, Forestry, Electrical Engineering, Electronics Technician, Mechanical Engineering, and Accountancy. In fact, in 2015, FindUniversity.PH ranks SLSU as the 17th best performing University in the Philippines, and the 2nd best performing State University in Region IV-A CALABARZON among Philippine Universities with at least 15 PRC Board Examinations.
Quality Assurance
As a State University, SLSU is mandated to submit its programs and services to external audit for quality assurance. In terms of instruction, research, and extension services, periodic survey visits are conducted by the Accrediting Agency for Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP). In terms of its management, it has been evaluated and granted the ISO 9001-2015 Certification for Quality Management System. The university is the first State University in the Southern Tagalog region to be ISO certified for Quality Management System in 2015. The Commission on Higher Education of the Philippines, on the other hand, conducts its in-house Institutional Sustainability Assessment (ISA).
As of May, 2017, 97% of all curricular programs both from the undergraduate and graduate levels in the main campus have been accredited by the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP). Curricular programs in its satellite campuses in Tagkawayan and Tiaong have likewise been subjected to accreditation visits.
Colleges, Campuses and degree programs
The Lucban main campus is home to five colleges: (1) Allied Medicine, (2) Teacher Education, (3) Arts and Sciences, (4) Administration, Business, Hospitality Management, and Accountancy, (5) Engineering and (6) Agriculture; one institute, the Institute of Human Kinetics, and various research centers for agricultural and environmental research. Starting A.Y. 2020–2021, the College of Industrial Technology will return to operations offering BS in Industrial Technology programs.
SLSU has satellite campuses in: Lucena, Tagkawayan, Alabat, Polillo, Tiaong, and Infanta. New satellite campuses have been/ will be opened in Gumaca, Catanauan, Tayabas, and Calauag.
The university also has key partner educational institutions in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Malaysia, and the United States. The partnerships allow educational exchange opportunities among the students and faculty of both parties. The university, together with the International School of Thai Nguyen University in Vietnam offers Joint academic programs in Business Administration, Environmental Science, and English language teaching.
The following lists the academic programs offered by the university in the different colleges in the Lucban main campus and satellite campuses:
Graduate school
Administered by the College of Teacher Education
PhD Development Education
PhD Science Education
PhD Educational Management
Master of Arts in Educational Management
Master of Arts in Education (Elementary)
Master of Arts in Mathematics Education
Master of Arts in Science Education
Master of Arts in Teaching English (MATE)
Administered by the College of Arts and Sciences
Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics
Master of Arts in Psychology (Clinical Psychology)
Administered by the College of Administration, Business, Hospitality Management and Accountancy
Doctor in Business Administration
Master in Business Administration
Administered by the College of Agriculture
MS Environmental Science
Master of Science in Forestry (Major in Silviculture & AgroForestry)
Administered by the College of Allied Medicine
Master of Arts in Nursing (Medical-Surgical Nursing, or Psychiatric Nursing)
International programs
Doctoral programs
Doctor in Business Administration
Ph.D. in Educational Management
Master's programs
Master in Business Administration
Master of Arts in Teaching English
Master of Arts in Educational Management
Master of Science in Environmental Science
Undergraduate programs
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration major in Financial Management
Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science
Short courses
Intensive English Training Program (customized)
Clinical Enhancement for Nurses Training
Intensive English Training and Methodology for Teachers
College of Agriculture
(CHED Center of Development in Forestry)
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture Major in: Animal Science, Crop Science, Organic Agriculture
Bachelor of Science in Forestry
Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science
Bachelor of Agricultural Technology
College of Administration, Business, Hospitality, and Accountancy
Bachelor of Science in Accountancy
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in: Marketing Management, Human Resource & Development Management, Financial Management
Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management
Bachelor of Public Administration
College of Allied Medicine
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Technology
Midwifery
College of Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Industrial Engineering
College of Arts and Sciences
Bachelor of Arts in Communication
Bachelor of Arts major in History
Bachelor of Arts major in Psychology
Bachelor of Science in Mathematics major in Statistics
Bachelor of Science in Biology
College of Teacher Education
(CHED Center of Development in Teacher Education)
Bachelor of Elementary Education
Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in: English, Filipino, Mathematics, MAPEH (Music, Arts, Physical Ed., Health), Physical Science, Social Studies
Bachelor of Culture and Arts Education
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education Major in: Industrial Arts, Information and Communication Technology, Home Economics
Institute of Human Kinetics
Bachelor of Physical Education major in Sports and Wellness Management
Bachelor of Science in Exercise and Sports Sciences
Laboratory Schools
Elementary School Grades 1-6
Junior High School Grades 7-10
Senior High School Grades 11-12 with majors in Humanities & Social Sciences (HUMSS), Accounting, Business & Management (ABM), Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM)
College of Industrial Technology
(to return to full operations starting A.Y. 2020–2021)
Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology
Alabat Campus
Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Education major in Computer Programming
Calauag Campus
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Catanauan Campus
Bachelor of Elementary Education
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Gumaca Campus
Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Education major in Computer Programming
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Bachelor of Secondary Education
Infanta Campus
Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Mathematics
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Basic Engineering
Judge Guillermo Eleazar Polytechnic College - Tagkawayan Campus
Bachelor of Elementary Education
Bachelor of Business Administration Major in: Marketing Management, Financial Management
Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in: English, Mathematics, Science
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education major in Agri-Fisheries Arts
Lucena City Campus
Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Education Major in: Computer Programming, Food & Service Management
Polillo Campus
Bachelor of Elementary Education
Tayabas City Campus
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management
Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education major in Computer Programming
Tiaong Campus
Bachelor of Elementary Education
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture Major in: Crop Science, Organic Agriculture
Facilities
References
Most of the Content were acquired from the SLSU Website and University Profile.
External links
The Official Website of SLSU
The Official Website of SLSU College of Arts and Sciences
The Official Facebook Page of Southern Luzon State University
The Official Facebook Page of SLSU Tiaong Campus
Universities and colleges in Quezon
State universities and colleges in the Philippines |
26720774 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio%20Pessina | Giorgio Pessina | Giorgio Pessina (16 June 1902 – 18 July 1977) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold medal at the 1928 Summer Olympics and a silver at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1902 births
1977 deaths
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic silver medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
Fencers from Rome
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics |
26720779 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20William%20Sidney | Sir William Sidney | Sir William Sidney (1482?–1554) was an English courtier under Henry VIII and Edward VI.
Life
He was eldest son of Nicholas Sidney, by Anne, sister of Sir William Brandon. In 1511 he accompanied Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Darcy into Spain as a volunteer against the Moors, and when Darcy, finding his assistance not required, returned almost immediately to England, Sidney and several of his companions remained behind in order to see Madrid. He was hospitably entertained by King Ferdinand, but declined the honour of knighthood from him; and shortly afterwards returned home through France.
As captain of the 'Great Bark' he took part in the naval operations before Brest in April 1513, and later in the year commanded the right wing of the English army at the battle of Flodden. He was knighted for his services, and on 23 March 1514 obtained a grant in tail male of the lordship of Kingston-upon-Hull and the manor of Myton forfeited by the attainder of Edmund de la Pole. In October he accompanied his cousin Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk and Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset to Paris, to witness the coronation on 5 November of the Princess Mary as consort of Louis XII, and took a prominent part in the subsequent jousts and festivities. In the following summer he again went to France, charged with the delicate task of announcing the approaching second marriage of the Princess Mary, to the Duke of Suffolk.
It is believed by the Sidney family that Sir William Sidney at that time adopted as a second family crest a porcupine statant azure quills collar and chain or, being the heraldic emblem of King Louis XII.
Sidney was appointed an Esquire of the Body to Henry VIII, and married in 1517. He accompanied the king to the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520, and in 1523, during the war with France, took part in the expedition commanded by the Duke of Suffolk. In March 1538 he was appointed tutor and steward of the household to Prince Edward. In 1539 he received a large grant of lands in Kent and Sussex in exchange for those held by him in York and Lincoln. His wife died on 22 October 1543, and on 25 April 1552 Edward VI added to his estates in Kent the manor of Penshurst.
Sidney died at Penshurst on 10 February 1554, and was buried in the parish church.
Death and family
Sidney married Anne Pakenham, daughter of Sir Hugh Pakenham, and widow of Thomas FitzWilliam, (elder brother of William FitzWilliam, 1st Earl of Southampton). Henry Sidney was their son. In the chancel of St John the Baptist, Penshurst is the tomb of Sidney with a memorial tablet, on the sides of which are engraven the escutcheons of his four daughters and their husbands:
Mary (d. 10 February 1542), eldest daughter, who married Sir William Dormer of Wing, Buckinghamshire,
Lucy, who married Sir James Harington of Exton Hall, Rutland;
Anne, who married Sir William FitzWilliam of Milton, Northamptonshire, sometime lord deputy of Ireland.
Frances, who married of Thomas Radcliffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex.
References
Attriution
1482 births
1554 deaths
William
16th-century English people
English knights
People from Penshurst
Knights Bachelor |
26720788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Handelsman | Mark Handelsman | Mark Ian Handelsman (, born 9 June 1961) is a retired South African-born Israeli middle distance runner who specialized in the 800 metres.
He was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. Handelsman competed for Israel at the 1983 World Championships but did not progress from the heats. At the 1984 Summer Olympic, he competed in both 400 metres, 800 metres and 1500 metres without reaching the final.
His personal best time for the 800m was 1.45.3 minutes, achieved in April 1981 in Stellenbosch.
See also
List of Israeli records in athletics
List of Maccabiah records in athletics
References
External links
1961 births
Living people
South African male middle-distance runners
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Israel
South African emigrants to Israel
Sportspeople from Johannesburg
Israeli male middle-distance runners
World Athletics Championships athletes for Israel |
44504766 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurkha%20Memorial%2C%20London | Gurkha Memorial, London | The Memorial to the Brigade of Gurkhas on Horse Guards Avenue, Whitehall, London, was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II on 3 December 1997. This was the first memorial to Gurkha soldiers in the United Kingdom, and was occasioned by transfer of their headquarters and training centre from Hong Kong to London in 1997. The sculptor was Philip Jackson, working from a statue of 1924 by Richard Reginald Goulden in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and the plinth was designed by Cecil Denny Highton.
Two casts of Goulden's sculpture had previously been erected in locations in Nepal as World War I memorials to the Gurkhas, the first at Kunraghat in 1928 and the second at Birpur in 1930. The memorial in London is more than one and a half times the size of this model, so Jackson worked the figure up in his own style and from a living model, Captain Khemkumar Limbu. One of several inscriptions on the plinth is a quotation from Sir Ralph Lilley Turner, a former officer in the 3rd Gurkha Rifles.
Inscriptions
1st King George V's Own Gurkha Riflles
(The Malaun Regiment)
2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles
(The Sirmoor Rifles)
3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles
4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles
5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force)
6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles
7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles
8th Gurkha Rifles9th Gurkha Rifles
10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles
11th Gurkha Rifles
The Royal Gurkha Rifles
The Queen's Gurkha Engineers
Queen's Gurkha Signals
Gurkha Military Police
The Queen's Own Gurkha Transport Regiment
Other units in which Gurkha soldiers served after 1815
and also the units of the Royal Nepalese Army
which, as Britain's allies, took part in the Indian Mutiny
and the First and Second World Wars.
India 1816–1826
North East Frontier and Burma 1824–1939
First Sikh War 1845–1846
North West Frontier 1852–1947
Indian Mutiny 1857–1859
Bhutan 1864–1866
Malaya 1875–1876
Second Afghan War 1878–1880
Sikkim 1888
China 1900
Tibet 1904
Third Afghan War 1919
Kurdustan 1919
Iraq 1919–1920
North West Persia 1920
Malabar 1921–1922
Palestine 1945–1946
Java and Sumatra 1945–1946
Indo-China 1945–1946
Malaya 1948–1960
Brunei 1962
Borneo 1963–1966
Malay Peninsula 1964–1965
Falkland Islands 1982
The Gulf 1990–1991
Bosnia 1996
FIRST WORLD WAR
1914–1918
France and Belgium
Gallipoli
Egypt and Palestine
Mesopotamia
SECOND WORLD WAR
1939–1945
North Africa
Italy
Greece
Persia, Iraq and Syria
Malaya and Singapore
Burma
See also
1997 in art
Brigade of Gurkhas
References
External links
The Gurkhas – Britain's oldest allies (December 4, 1997), BBC News
Statue: Gurkha soldier at London Remembers
The Gurkha Soldier Memorial – Horse Guards Avenue, London, UK at Waymarking
1997 establishments in the United Kingdom
1997 sculptures
Gurkhas
Military memorials in London
Outdoor sculptures in London
Statues in the City of Westminster
Whitehall |
44504767 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobody%27s%20Baby%20%281937%20film%29 | Nobody's Baby (1937 film) | Nobody's Baby is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Gus Meins and written by Harold Law, Hal Yates and Pat C. Flick. The film stars Patsy Kelly, Lyda Roberti, Lynne Overman, Robert Armstrong, Rosina Lawrence, and Don Alvarado. The film was released on April 23, 1937 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Plot
Patsy and Lyda function essentially as a female Laurel and Hardy. After both fail to land jobs in radio, they end up rooming together. Patsy decides to become a nurse and Lyda follows; they actually fare somewhat better in these jobs. Along the way, they strike up chaste romances with a laconic detective (Overman) and a self-described hot-shot newspaperman (Armstrong). The plot finally rears its head with the arrival of an adagio dance team called Cortez and Yvonne (Alvarado and Lawrence). They're secretly married, but she leaves him in a huff after he insists on keeping it quiet—he doesn't know she's pregnant. Months later, she gives birth in the hospital where Patsy and Lyda work. They convince her to reconcile with Cortez and give him the news; she agrees, prevailing upon them to keep an eye on the baby. And then things really start to get out of hand.
Cast
Patsy Kelly as Kitty Reilly
Lyda Roberti as Lena Marchetti
Lynne Overman as Det. Lt. Emory Littleworth
Robert Armstrong as Scoops Hanford
Rosina Lawrence as Yvonne Cortez
Don Alvarado as Tony Cortez
Jimmy Grier and His Orchestra as Jimmy Grier and His Orchestra
Tom Dugan as Bus Conductor
Orrin Burke as Maurice
Dora Clement as Miss Margaret McKenzie
Laura Treadwell as Mrs. Hamilton
Ottola Nesmith as Head Nurse
Florence Roberts as Mrs. Mason
Si Wills as Nightclub MC
Herbert Rawlinson as Radio Audition Executive
Rhythm Rascals as Vocal Trio
Chill Wills as Amateur Hour Lead Quartet Singer
Don Brookins as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
Art Green as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
Walter Trask as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
References
External links
1937 films
American comedy films
1937 comedy films
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Films directed by Gus Meins
American black-and-white films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films |
23577183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookwell%20River | Crookwell River | The Crookwell River is a perennial river that is part of the Lachlan catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, located in the Southern Tablelands and South West Slopes regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Sourced by runoff from the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range, the river rises south of and flows generally northwest by west, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its confluence with the Lachlan River northwest of Binda and east of Frogmore. The river descends over its course.
Etymology
The river was originally named "Crook-ell" by William Stephenson, who originated from Crookhall, Durham, England.
Native fish fauna
Large Murray cod and endangered Macquarie perch, amongst other native fish, once abounded in the Crookwell, virtually to the base of Crookwell township:
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Tributaries of the Lachlan River
Rivers of New South Wales |
26720808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver%20Air%20%28Czech%20Republic%29 | Silver Air (Czech Republic) | Silver Air is a small Czech airline headquartered in Prague, offering both passenger and cargo services. Despite being a Czech airline, its passenger services are based at Marina di Campo Airport in Italy, while its cargo services operate exclusively in Romania.
Destinations
Passenger
As of April 2022, Silver Air serves the following passenger destinations:
Italy
Bologna – Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport seasonal
Elba – Marina di Campo Airport base
Florence - Florence-Peretola Airport
Milan – Linate Airport seasonal
Pisa - Pisa International Airport
Switzerland
Lugano - Lugano Airport seasonal
Cargo
Romania
Timișoara – Timișoara Traian Vuia International Airport
Cluj-Napoca – Cluj International Airport
Fleet
The Silver Air fleet includes the following aircraft (as of 10 September 2015):
2 Let L-410 Turbolet
References
External links
Airlines of the Czech Republic
Airlines established in 1995
Czech companies established in 1995 |
17337267 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asita | Asita | Asita or Kaladevala or Kanhasiri was a hermit ascetic depicted in Buddhist sources as having lived in ancient India. He was a teacher and advisor of Suddhodana, the father of the Buddha, and is best known for having predicted that prince Siddhartha of Kapilavastu would either become a great chakravartin or become a supreme religious leader; Siddhartha was later known as Gautama Buddha.
The name Asita literally means 'not clinging' while Kanhasiri means 'dark splendour'. Asita is described as a tāpasa, a practitioner of asceticism.
Biography
The Theravada tradition depicts Asita as an advisor and chaplain to Sihahanu, the grandfather of Gotama Buddha. He was the teacher of Suddhodana, and then served him as he had his father. At the time of the birth of the Buddha, he had retired by permission of Suddhodana and was living in the forest as an ascetic.
A vision alerted Asita of the birth of the Bodhisattva Gotama, causing him to leave the forest and travel to see the infant, where he prophesied that he would become either a 'wheel turning monarch' (chakravartin) or a Buddha. Disappointed that his own life would end before the Buddha awakened and began preaching, he ordained his nephew, Nalaka, so that he would be able to hear the Buddha's teachings. Nalaka is called Naradatta in the Lalitavistara.
Names and Related Figures
Asita was known under several alternate names or nicknames, and Buddhaghosa attributed his name to his dark complexion. He was known as Kanha Devala, Kanha Siri or Siri Kanha, and Kāla Devala.
Another sage or rishi known as Asita Devala is sometimes confused with him in literary sources- this second Asita Devala was a sage from ancient times who was reborn as a disciple of the Buddha. This confusion may explain why in the Lalitavistara Sūtra there are two versions of Asita's prophecy- one where Asita visits Suddhodana as described in the Pali sources, and another where Asita is a hermit living in the Himalayas who never meets Suddhodana but perceives the birth of the Buddha due to his supernatural powers.
The Pali tradition also records a pratyekabuddha called Asita, and a man who lived at the time of Sikkhi Buddha who was reborn as a disciple of Gotama Buddha.
Early Western scholars related Asita to Simeon, who blessed Jesus as an infant.
References
History of Buddhism in India
Precursors in religion
6th-century BC Indian people |
44504774 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veranilda | Veranilda | Veranilda: A Romance is a posthumous novel by English author George Gissing. The book was left incomplete at the time of Gissing's death (December 28, 1903) and it was first published in 1904 by Archibald Constable and Company.
Publication
As an old friend of Gissing, H.G. Wells was asked to write an introduction to Veranilda. Displeased with the piece Wells wrote, Gissing's relatives and literary executors then asked Frederic Harrison to write a substitute. Well's rejected preface was later published under the title "George Gissing: An Impression".
Other editions
Veranilda. New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, 1905.
Veranilda. London: Archibald Constable and Co., 1905.
Veranilda. London: Oxford University Press, 1929.
Veranilda. New York: AMS Press, 1968.
Veranilda. Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1987.
Notes
Further reading
Barry, William (1904). "Mr. Gissing's Last Book," The Bookman, Vol. XXVII, No. 158, p. 81.
Borg, Jacob (2001). "Gissing and Ancient Rome." In: A Garland for Gissing. Amsterdam: Rodopi, pp. 225–234.
Faries, Randolph (1923). "Novels Written by Authors Who Have Portrayed Roman Life from an Esthetic Viewpoint." In: Ancient Rome in the English Novel. Philadelphia: Lyon & Armor, pp. 112–120.
Gissing, Alfred G. (1937). "Gissing's Unfinished Romance," National Review, Vol. CVIII, pp. 82–91.
Harrison, Frederic (1911). Autobiographical Memories, Vol. II. London: Macmillan & Co.
External links
Veranilda, at Internet Archive
Veranilda, at Project Gutenberg
1904 British novels
Novels by George Gissing
British historical novels
Novels set in the 6th century
Unfinished novels
Novels published posthumously |
26720810 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wouter%20Brouwer | Wouter Brouwer | Wouter Brouwer (10 August 1882 – 4 May 1961) was a Dutch fencer. He competed at three Olympic Games.
References
External links
1882 births
1961 deaths
Dutch male fencers
Olympic fencers of the Netherlands
Fencers at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Fencers from Amsterdam |
23577185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crudine%20River | Crudine River | Crudine River, a watercourse that is part of the Macquarie catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the central western district of New South Wales, Australia.
The Crudine River rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range in the Capertee Valley, north of Ilford, and flows generally to the north-north–west, west, and then south-south–west, before forming its confluence with the Turon River west of Sofala; dropping over the course of its length.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin
Australian gold rushes |
23577187 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1987 Libyan Premier League | The 1987 Libyan Premier League was the 20th edition of the competition since its inception in 1963. The league consisted of 18 teams, who played each other just once. The first round of matches were played on March 20, 1987, and the final round of games were played on August 28, 1987. Benghazi club Nasr won their first title (and to date, their only one) by one point, from Madina.
League standings
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
Premier League
Libya
Libya |
23577190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahu%20Park%20metro%20station | Dahu Park metro station | The Taipei Metro Dahu Park station is located north of Dahu Park in Neihu District, Taipei, Taiwan. It is a station on Wenhu line.
Station overview
This three-level, elevated station features two side platforms, two exits, and platform elevators located on the north and south sides of the concourse level. It is named for the nearby Dahu Park, visible from the system between Dahu Park and Huzhou.
Public art for the station is titled "Flying Kites at Home in the Sky"; it consists of 12 sculptures and is located around the entrance area. While the glass walls of the entrance area resemble an aquarium, the kites give the illusion of aquatic animals floating in the tank.
History
22 February 2009: Dahu Park station construction is completed.
4 July 2009: Begins service with the opening of Brown Line.
Station layout
Nearby Places
Dahu Park
Hushan Park No. 5
Dahu Cottage
Dahu Elementary School
Dahu Community
Bailusishan
References
Wenhu line stations
Railway stations opened in 2009 |
6905419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20American%20Le%20Mans%20Series | 2002 American Le Mans Series | The 2002 American Le Mans Series season was the 32nd season for the IMSA GT Championship, and the fourth under the American Le Mans Series banner. It was a series for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Grand Touring (GT) race cars divided into 4 classes: LMP900, LMP675, GTS, and GT. It began March 16, 2002 and ended October 12, 2002 after 10 races.
Schedule
Following the demise of the European Le Mans Series, the North American schedule was greatly expanded to ten races. Several temporary street courses were added in cities such as Miami, Florida and Washington D. C., while the Portland International Raceway and Texas Motor Speedway did not return, leaving the ALMS without any road course ovals on the schedule. Circuit Trois-Rivières joined Mosport as a second Canadian event, and Road America was also scheduled for the first time.
Season results
Overall winner in bold.
Teams Championship
Points are awarded to the finishers in the following order:
25-21-19-17-15-14-13-12-11-10-...
Exceptions being for the 12 Hours of Sebring and Petit Le Mans which awarded in the following order:
30-26-24-22-20-19-18-17-16-15-...
Cars failing to complete 70% of the winner's distance are not awarded points. Teams only score the points of their highest finishing entry in each race.
LMP900 Standings
LMP675 Standings
GTS Standings
GT Standings
External links
American Le Mans Series homepage
IMSA Archived ALMS Results and Points
American Le Mans
Le Mans
American Le Mans Series seasons |
44504818 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callithump | Callithump | Callithump is a solo album by pianist Uri Caine which was released in February 2014 on the Winter & Winter label.
Reception
Writing for The Sydney Morning Herald, John Shand observed "the American prefers to remind us of the wonder of the piano being equally capable of a delicacy so diaphanous that it rivals a harp. Meanwhile its phenomenal range and harmonic and dynamic potential make it the solo instrument par excellence... This direct-to-two-track analogue recording captures all the dynamism of his solo playing. It seduces with what ABC Classic FM would call "swoon" music, dazzles with invention and bullies with 88-note cyclones". PopMatters' Will Layman stated "Callithump is both atypically normal and classic Caine... the stylistic range and sense of genre is massive, all-engulfing. And fantastic... Ultimately, you come to the end of Callithump exhilarated with the possibilities of a piano, a man, a space".
Track listing
All compositions by Uri Caine
"Callithump" - 3:35
"Sepharad" - 7:02
"Map of the Heart" - 4:30
"Greasy" - 4:25
"The Magic of Her Nearness" - 6:15
"Chanson de Johnson" - 3:27
"Bow Bridge" - 4:12
"Everything Is Bullshit" - 3:54
"Raindrop Prelude" - 5:28
"Perving Berlin" - 5:33
"Dotted Eyes" - 4:48
Personnel
Uri Caine - piano
References
2014 albums
Solo piano jazz albums
Uri Caine albums
Winter & Winter Records albums |
44504822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobody%27s%20Baby | Nobody's Baby | Nobody's Baby may refer to:
Nobody's Baby (2001 film), a comedy film
Nobody's Baby (1937 film), an American comedy film |
44504840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhishek%20Jain | Abhishek Jain | Abhishek Jain is an Indian film director and producer known for his Gujarati films Kevi Rite Jaish, Bey Yaar, and Wrong Side Raju.
Early life
Abhishek Jain was born on 3 August 1986 in Ahmedabad. He is a Marwari Jain. He received BBA degree from BK Majumdar Institute of Business Administration (BKMIBA); now part of Ahmedabad University, in 2006 and a degree in film-making from Whistling Woods in 2008.
Career
After finishing the course at Whistling Woods, he assisted Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Subhash Ghai on Guzaarish, Saawariya and Yuvvraaj.
After returning to Ahmedabad, Jain started working as a radio jockey on Radio Mirchi. Jain then met Mikhil Musale and Anish Shah during an international film festival in Ahmedabad and founded CineMan Productions in 2010. He made his debut film, Kevi Rite Jaish in Gujarati language. He was awarded Trend setter award by Gujarati Innovation Society due to the success of Kevi Rite Jaish. After the success of his debut movie, he directed Bey Yaar which was critically acclaimed and was commercially successful. In February 2016, Abhishek Jain announced that CineMan Productions will co-produce three Gujarati films with Phantom Films, out of which one will be directed by Abhishek himself. The first film released under joint banner of CineMan productions and Phantom films was Wrong Side Raju, directed by Mikhil Musale, co-founder of CineMan productions, which won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 64th National Film Awards.
In June 2015, he published Aa To Just Vaat Chhe..., a book on his experiences while making his first two urban Gujarati films.
In April 2019, he was on board to the Hindi remake of the hit Kannada film Kirik Party, but he subsequently left the film. In 2021, he directed Hindi-language comedy drama film Hum Do Hamare Do.
Filmography
Films
Assistant Director
Television
Books
Awards
See also
CineMan Productions
References
External links
Living people
Gujarati-language film directors
21st-century Indian film directors
Indian male screenwriters
Artists from Ahmedabad
1986 births
Gujarati people
Film directors from Gujarat
Film producers from Gujarat
Marwari people
Rajasthani people
Hindi-language film directors |
20475046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosita%20Moreno | Rosita Moreno | Rosita Moreno (born Gabriela Victoria Viñolas; March 18, 1907 – April 25, 1993) was a Spanish film actress who worked in cinema in Hollywood, Argentina, Mexico, and in her native Spain.
Biography
Born in Madrid, Spain, Moreno was the daughter of Spanish character actor Francisco Moreno, who also developed a Hollywood career. As a child she devoted herself to acting in revue and zarzuela genres.
Moreno appeared in more than 30 films in a career that spanned more than 20 years, often travelling through several countries in quick succession. She made her screen debut alongside her father in the 1930 film Amor audaz, co-starring Adolphe Menjou. The same year she appeared in the Spanish-language version of Paramount on Parade, released by Paramount Pictures. In 1931, she co-starred in Stamboul, released by Paramount British. In 1935, Moreno paired with Carlos Gardel in two significant films, El día que me quieras and Tango Bar. The same year, she was selected for the main role in Piernas de seda.
She also worked with Richard Arlen (The Santa Fe Trail, 1930), Clara Bow (Her Wedding Night, 1930), Cary Grant (Ladies Should Listen, 1934), and Noël Coward (The Scoundrel, 1935), among others.
She made her last appearance in 1949 in an episode of The Clock, a suspense/anthology TV-series based on an ABC Radio Network series which ran from 1946 through 1948. In this episode she shared leading roles with George Reeves. Little is known about her after that point.
Rosita Moreno died in 1993 in Hollywood, Los Angeles, at the age of 86 from undisclosed causes.
Selected filmography
Paramount on Parade (1930)
El rey de los gitanos (1933)
Walls of Gold (1933)
Las fronteras del amor (1934)
The House of a Thousand Candles (1936)
Tengo fe en ti (1940)
A Medal for Benny (1945)
References
External links
1907 births
1993 deaths
Actresses from Madrid
Spanish film actresses
Expatriate actresses in the United States
Spanish expatriates in the United States
Expatriate actresses in Mexico
Spanish expatriates in Mexico
20th-century Spanish actresses
20th-century Spanish singers
20th-century Spanish women singers
Spanish expatriates in Argentina |
20475074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellie%20Dunham | Mellie Dunham | Mellie Dunham (July 29, 1853 - September 27, 1931) was an American fiddler during the early twentieth century. Dunham was born in Norway, Maine, the son of Alanson Mellen Dunham and Christiana Bent. He came to prominence after he was invited to play for Henry Ford at his house in Dearborn, Michigan. Ford sent a Pullman car for Dunham and his wife, Emma "Gram" Dunham (née Richardson), because of Ford's love of country music. While Ford had invited 38 other fiddlers before Dunham, none received as much attention as Dunham did.
He was also a snowshoe maker, supplying 60 pairs of snowshoes to Commodore Robert Peary for an Arctic expedition.
Dunham died on September 27, 1931, in Lewiston, Maine, after a two-week illness, and was buried in Pine Grove Cemetery, South Paris, Maine.
References
External links
Musicians from Maine
1853 births
1931 deaths
American fiddlers
People from Norway, Maine
People from Lewiston, Maine
Burials at Pine Grove Cemetery (Brunswick, Maine) |
20475075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodger%20Stevens | Rodger Stevens | Rodger Stevens is a contemporary American artist.
Stevens graduated from the Poly Prep Country Day School in Brooklyn and went on to study economics at Manhattanville College in Purchase, New York, and at Pace University in Manhattan. Stevens then attended Parsons The New School for Design and the School of Visual Arts. From 1994 through 1999, he worked at Sotheby's in New York.
In the early nineties he began exhibiting his drawings and sculptures at small galleries throughout New York and eventually in more renowned venues such as the Tiffany & Co. windows, the MTV headquarters, the Todd Oldham boutique and the Yohji Yamamoto showroom in SoHo. In recent years he has done commissioned work for the Whitney Museum of American Art, the American Folk Art Museum, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Barneys, West Elm, The New York Times, Stuart Weitzman, the Rockwell Group, Jonathan Adler, Starbucks, the W Hotel, One Medical, The Advisory Board, and others. In 2011, he was selected by the Persol eyewear company to be a member of their "Work of Persol" artist series. Stevens continues to exhibit internationally, California, and elsewhere. His work has been featured in numerous publications and blogs. He has developed a line of sculptural air-plant holders for West Elm; collaborated with designer Mark McKenna on the illuminated mobile, Orchadia; created several large-scale mobiles for the Starbucks company; and designed a line of carpets for Lindstrom Rugs (Los Angeles). In addition to his art and jewelry practice, he is an active curator, and an adjunct professor at the Parsons School of Design. His work is currently carried by the Whitney Museum and the Brooklyn Museum, and he is represented by BDDW, Kinder Modern, Brad Ford's FAIR, and Timothy Yarger Fine Art in Los Angeles.
Exhibition history
Stevens' work has been exhibited both domestically and internationally. His work has been exhibited at: The Whitney Museum of American Art; the American Folk Art Museum in New York; the Saatchi Gallery in London; the Katonah Museum of Art; Sotheby's; Tiffany & Co.; the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; the Bristol Art Museum in Rhode Island; the Hangaram Design Museum in Seoul, the Patrick Parrish Gallery, the David Weeks Studio and elsewhere.
References
External links
American sculptors
Living people
1966 births
Manhattanville College alumni
Pace University alumni
Poly Prep alumni |
26720840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appat%20Island | Appat Island | Appat Island (old spelling: Agpat) is an uninhabited island in the Avannaata municipality in northwestern Greenland.
At , it is one of the larger islands in the Uummannaq Fjord system, located in its north-central part. It is the site of the former settlements of Ritenbenck and Qaqortuatsiaq.
Air Greenland helicopters approach Ukkusissat Heliport on the way from Uummannaq Heliport alongside the southern and western wall of Appat, to then pass above the narrow Appat Ikerat strait between Appat and a smaller, mountainous Salleq Island.
Geography
Appat Island is separated from Uummannaq Island and Salliaruseq Island in the south by the central arm of the Uummannaq Fjord; from the Salleq Island in the west by the Appat Ikerat strait; from the Ukkusissat Peninsula in the north and northeast by the Torsukattak Strait. A small archipelago of low-lying skerries lies directly to the southeast of the island, with a small settlement of Saattut.
It is very mountainous, with precipitous walls falling from the glaciated summit plateau in all directions. The plateau (and the island itself) is bisected by the Naqellorssuaq valley. The highest point on the island is Appat Qaqaa (), a summit in the western part of the glaciated summit plateau. The coastline is undeveloped, apart from the Umiasuqasuup Ilua fjord at the southeastern end.
Promontories
Mining
Qaqortuatsiaq, located on the northern coast of Appat near the shore of the Torsukattak Strait, is a former marble quarry, now abandoned. Mining activities in the area are likely to resume in the future, providing an economic lifeline to the communities of the Uummannaq region, keeping the relatively new Qaarsut Airport open.
Access
The island can be reached via individually chartered fishing boats from Saattut, the settlement on a skerry off the southeastern cape, or from Ukkusissat to the northwest. Package tourists visit the 'desert' on the cape as part of an organized tour from Uummannaq. Movement within the interior of Appat is restricted to mountaineering.
See also
List of islands of Greenland
References
External links
Volcanic development in the Nuussuaq Basin, West Greenland
Uninhabited islands of Greenland
Uummannaq Fjord |
23577191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curricabark%20River | Curricabark River | Curricabark River, a perennial river of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Curricabark River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, northwest of Cootera Hill, southeast of Nundle and flows generally southeast, before reaching its confluence with the Barnard River, northwest of Giro, north of Gloucester. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
Mid-Coast Council |
23577193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater%20River | Deepwater River | Deepwater River, a mostly perennial stream of the Dumaresq-Macintyre catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
The river rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range, near Old Man Gibber, east of Deepwater, and flows generally north northwest, west, and then west, before reaching its confluence with Bluff River to form the Mole River, near Sandy Flat; descending over its course.
The New England Highway crosses the river at the settlement of .
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin |
6905428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20municipalities%20of%20the%20Province%20of%20Catanzaro | List of municipalities of the Province of Catanzaro | The following is a list of the 80 municipalities (comuni) of the Province of Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy.
List
References
Catanzaro |
23577194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichopilia%20brasiliensis | Trichopilia brasiliensis | Trichopilia brasiliensis is a species of orchid endemic to the Brazil state of Goiás.
References
brasiliensis
Endemic orchids of Brazil
Flora of Goiás
Plants described in 1906
Taxa named by Alfred Cogniaux |
23577196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegate%20River | Delegate River | The Delegate River is a perennial river of the Snowy River catchment, located in the Alpine regions of the states of Victoria and New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Delegate River rises below Cob Hill within Errinundra National Park on the north western slopes of Gunmark Range, part of the Errinundra Plateau, approximately east northeast of Goongerah, in East Gippsland, Victoria. The river flows generally north, east southeast, northeast, north, and then northwest, flowing across the part of the boundary between New South Wales and Victoria, joined by sixteen tributaries including the Little Plains River and the Bombala River, before reaching its confluence with the Snowy River, north northeast of Tombong, north of the town of Delegate and west northwest of the town of Bombala. The river descends over its course.
See also
Delegate River Diversion Tunnel
List of rivers of New South Wales (A-K)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of Victoria (Australia)
East Gippsland catchment
Rivers of Gippsland (region)
Rivers of New South Wales
Snowy Mountains |
6905429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanton%2C%20California | Swanton, California | Swanton is a small community in an unincorporated area of Santa Cruz County on the Pacific coast, situated about north of the town of Davenport, to the east of State Route 1 on Swanton Road. The US Geological Survey designates Swanton as a populated place located at latitude and longitude with an elevation of . The ZIP Code is 95017 and the community is inside area code 831.
The community has numerous small residences and two big occupants – Big Creek Lumber Company and the Swanton Pacific Ranch campus of California Polytechnic State University. Swanton is home to Swanton Pacific Railroad, a one-third-scale small-gauge railroad that runs on of track through the Scott Creek valley using locomotives and cars from the San Francisco Panama Pacific Exposition of 1915.
History
Ranched with dairy cattle since the California Gold Rush, the area was named after Fred Swanton, builder of the Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk. It was the northern terminus of the southern branch of the Ocean Shore Railroad until it closed in 1922. Swanton had its own post office from 1897 to 1930, and its own elementary, Seaside School, until 1960.
In 2009, Swanton was heavily impacted by the Lockheed Fire that burned for two weeks and consumed nearly , forcing the evacuation of hundreds of residents. It was the first major fire since 1948, $26 million was spent fighting it and it destroyed 13 structures and many millions of dollars of prime timber land, but no houses.
In August 2020, Swanton suffered major damage from the CZU Lightning Complex fires.
Further information
Davenport oral history, (video-recording, series), Community Action Board, (Santa Cruz: Community Television of Santa Cruz County, 1998).
References
Further reading
External links
Oral History of Swanton Pacific Ranch
Unincorporated communities in California
Unincorporated communities in Santa Cruz County, California
Populated coastal places in California |
44504858 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ByeFelicia | ByeFelicia | #ByeFelicia is the first mixtape by American R&B-pop singer Jordin Sparks. The mixtape was announced in early November 2014. #ByeFelicia is the first release of a body of work since her second album, Battlefield in 2009. The mixtape was released on November 25, 2014 as a precursor for Sparks' third album Right Here Right Now (2015), and featured snippets of new songs, including some that would feature in full on Right Here Right Now.
Background
Since 2010, Sparks was rumored to be working on her third studio album set to be released by RCA Records. After experiencing multiple delays in the release, as well as two label changes, Sparks announced on November 24 that she would be releasing a mixtape on November 25. Prior to any official announcements, Sparks label exec, Salaam Remi hosted a music showcase featuring Sparks. Sparks showcased three songs, two of which were performed live. Sparks announced this would be the first time she would play new music for people outside of the industry.
Following the showcase, Sparks announced that the first single off her upcoming effort, would be released in a two-week time frame. Sparks announcement to Lance Bass brought speculation that the single would be released on November 18, 2014. The song "How Bout Now", a remix of the same song by Drake addresses the singer's former relationship with fellow American singer Jason Derulo.
At the end of the last track "11:11 (Wish)", Sparks announces that her third studio album Right Here Right Now will be released in early 2015.
Singles
"It Ain't You" was officially released independently of the mixtape. A new version of the song debuted on Sparks' Vevo channel on December 2, 2014. This version differed from the mixtape version production as well as the inclusion of some vocal additions. The song became available digital download December 16, 2014.
Track listing
References
Jordin Sparks albums
Albums produced by DJ Mustard
2014 mixtape albums |
20475087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NH%2031 | NH 31 | NH 31 may refer to:
National Highway 31 (India)
New Hampshire Route 31, United States |
44504869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl%20Langer%20%28architect%29 | Karl Langer (architect) | Karl Langer (1903–1969) was an Austrian-born architect in Queensland, Australia. A number of his works are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Early life in Austria
Karl Langer was born in Vienna in 1903, where he lived until emigrating to Australia in 1939 with his wife Gertrude. Karl studied architecture in Vienna, most notably in the Master Class run by Peter Behrens, at the Viennese Academy graduating in 1926. During this time Karl worked in the office of Josef Frank, who was to become well known in Swedish modernism, and later in the office of Schmidt and Aichinger. In 1928 he was appointed the architect in charge of Behrens Vienna office, where he designed and supervised important works such as the tobacco factory in Linz, Austria. At this time he also commenced studies in Art History at the University of Vienna, graduating as a Doctor of Philosophy in 1933 with a thesis entitled "Origins and Development of Concrete Construction". In 1935 Karl established his own practice in Vienna.
In 1932 he married a fellow student Gertrude Froeschel. They graduated the following year on the same night, with Doctorates of Philosophy in Art History. In 1938 with the annexation of Austria by the Third Reich, Gertrude, who was Jewish, and Karl left Vienna and traveled via Athens to Australia.
Career in Australia
Karl and Gertrude arrived in Sydney in May 1939 proceeding to Brisbane in July so that Karl could commence work for architects Cook and Kerrison. From the time of their arrival until their deaths the Langers dedicated themselves to a great variety of civic and professional activities. Their combined efforts greatly influenced the development of the arts and design in Queensland, especially through such organisations as the Queensland Art Gallery Society, the Australian Council for the Arts and the Vacation Schools of Creative Art in which they fulfilled key roles over many years.
Karl became well known throughout Australia shortly after his arrival when his appointment to the position of Assistant Town Planner with the Brisbane City Council in 1944 resulted in a Parliamentary Enquiry. The primary cause for complaint was the appointment of an "alien refugee" over a returned soldier. The outcome of this enquiry found that Karl Langer was an individual whose talent and experience clearly distinguished him as the most suitable applicant. He was still prevented from taking up the position, as Queensland Railways, his employer, refused to release him invoking wartime manpower regulations. He remained in the service of the Queensland Railways until 1946 when he left to establish his architectural and planning practice in Brisbane. He worked throughout Australia and was the initiator of many influential urban design ideas such as the site for the Sydney Opera House and the pedestrianization of Queen Street.
Karl lectured at the University of Queensland and the Queensland Institute of Technology in design, town planning and landscape architecture. Research carried out when he first arrived in Brisbane pioneered the field of climatic design and resulted in the 1944 publication of an influential booklet called "Subtropical Housing". He was instrumental in establishing, and was the first president of the Brisbane division of the Australian Planning Institute and the Queensland Branch of the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects and was a Fellow of the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Later life
Karl Langer died in 1969. His funeral was held in the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, which he had designed. He was cremated at the Mount Thompson Crematorium where he had constructed the East Chapel.
Karl Langer's work was featured in the Hot Modernism exhibition at the State Library of Queensland in 2014. State Library of Queensland also holds a large number of his architectural plans.
The University of Queensland Fryer Library holds 89 boxes and around 1800 of Langer's architectural plans.
Works
He was the designer of buildings, including:
the Main Roads Building at Spring Hill
St Peter's Lutheran College Chapel at Indooroopilly
his own home Langer House at St Lucia
Val Vallis' home in Twigg St, Indooroopilly
the Four Seasons Hotel
West's Furniture Showroom at Fortitude Valley (1952)
extensions to Lennons Hotel, Brisbane (1957)
and worked in the regional centres of Queensland as an architect, town planner and landscape architect, producing these works:
the assembly hall at Ipswich Girls Grammar School
St John's Lutheran Church at Bundaberg
Sugar Research Institute at Mackay
Lennons Broadbeach Hotel on the Gold Coast
Lennons Hotel, Toowoomba
He also authored a number of books, including Sub-tropical housing, published in 1944 by the University of Queensland.
See also
:Category:Karl Langer buildings
References
Attribution
External links
Langer, Karl (1940-1968), Karl Langer Architectural Plans, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland
Digitising the Karl Langer architectural plans, John Oxley Library blog, State Library of Queensland
20th-century Australian architects
1903 births
1969 deaths
Artists from Vienna
University of Vienna alumni
People from Brisbane
Emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss
Austrian emigrants to Australia
20th-century Austrian architects
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register |
20475100 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmie%20Savage%20%28baseball%29 | Jimmie Savage (baseball) | James Harold Savage (August 29, 1883 - June 26, 1940) was a Major League Baseball outfielder. He played all or part of three seasons in the majors, between and . He played two games in 1912 for the Philadelphia Phillies, then spent playing regularly for the Pittsburgh Rebels in the Federal League. He played mostly in right field, where he played 66 games, but also played substantially in left field and at shortstop and third base. He played another 14 games for the Rebels in 1915 to finish his major league career.
Sources
References
http://www.thebaseballcube.com/players/profile.asp?ID=17592
Major League Baseball outfielders
Philadelphia Phillies players
Pittsburgh Rebels players
Utica Utes players
Baseball players from Connecticut
1883 births
1940 deaths
People from Southington, Connecticut |
44504909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktober | Oktober | Oktober may refer to:
Forlaget Oktober, a Norwegian publishing house;
Oktober, a character in The Quiller Memorandum;
Oktober (TV series), a British television series;
Oktober Guitars, American manufacturer of musical instruments
See also
October (disambiguation) |
44504996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirsa%20Air%20Force%20Station | Sirsa Air Force Station | Sirsa Air Force Station or Sirsa AFS (ICAO: VISX) is an Indian Air Force base under Western Air Command, located at Sirsa in the state of Haryana, India.
History
1971 Indo-Pak war
In Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Pakistan Air Force launched a pre-emptive raid on 12 airforce stations, including Sirsa station, Faridkot Stations, Halwara Air Force Station, a few railway stations, Indian armour concentrations and other targets. However, this failed to cause any significant damage except pothole damage to the runway which was quickly repaired. Dassault Mystère IV jets from Sirsa base pounded the Pakistan Army pitched against the Indian Army in the Battle of Sabuna Drain. Dassault Mystère also hit a train and destroyed 50 tanks on it between Okara and Sahiwal.
Units
It has No. 21 Squadron IAF of 45 Wing. Wing is an active air force combat formation. No. 15 Squadron IAF operating Su-30MKI is also based here.
Originally the base was home to a squadron each of MiG-23s and MiG-27s, both single-engine fighters, of No. 21 Squadron IAF.
See also
Airports Authority of India
Ambala Air Force Station
Gurugram Air Force Station
Hisar Military Station
List of Armed Forces Hospitals In India
List of highways in Haryana
List of Indian Air Force bases
Railway in Haryana
Raja Nahar Singh Faridabad Air Force Logistics Station
References
External links
Video of the Surya Kiran Aerobatics Team (SKAT) during the Air Show at Sirsa Air Force Station.
Indian Air Force bases
Airports in Haryana
Sirsa district
Airports established in 1964
1964 establishments in East Punjab |
20475112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnebago%20Reservation | Winnebago Reservation | The Winnebago Reservation of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska is located in Thurston County, Nebraska, United States. The tribal council offices are located in the town of Winnebago. The villages of Emerson, south of First Street, as well as Thurston, are also located on the reservation. The reservation occupies northern Thurston County, Nebraska, as well as southeastern Dixon County and Woodbury County, Iowa, and a small plot of off-reservation land of southern Craig Township in Burt County, Nebraska. The other federally recognized Winnebago tribe is the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin.
Early history
The Winnebago Reservation is on land that originally belonged to the Omaha nation. On February 21, 1863, Congress passed legislation removing the Winnebago (also known as Ho-Chunk) people from a reservation in Blue Earth County, Minnesota to Crow Creek, South Dakota. This location lacked essential resources, leading to a famine that sent many Winnebago people to seek refuge on the Omaha Reservation further down the Missouri River. In order to establish a separate Winnebago reservation, the Omaha nation ceded the northern portion of their own reservation to the United States on March 6, 1865, and the United States granted this area to the Winnebago tribe in exchange for their South Dakota lands in a treaty on March 8, 1865. The Omaha Nation later conveyed an additional of timber land to the Winnebago Reservation through an act of Congress on June 22, 1874 and a deed dated July 31, 1874.
Federal legislation including the Dawes Act of 1887 led to the allotment of Winnebago tribal lands into private ownership. By 1910, the Bureau of Indian Affairs reported that were allotted to 1,200 Indians; reserved for agency, etc.; the residue, , is unallotted.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the reservation has a total area of , of which is land and is water. The Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska held an additional of off-reservation trust land as of 2020.
Due to allotment under the Dawes Act of 1887, much of the reservation is no-longer tribally-owned. According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the tribe's total trust land was , or about 24.5% of the reservation land area.
Demographics
As of the census of 2020, the population living within the reservation boundaries was 2,737. The population density was . There were 921 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the reservation and off-reservation trust land was 67.1% Native American, 26.9% White, 0.7% Black or African American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.2% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 4.2% Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Economic development
In 1992 the federally recognized tribe established the WinnaVegas Casino to generate revenues and provide employment. Its council had already legalized alcohol sales on the reservation, in order to keep the revenues from sales taxes and associated fees that its residents had previously paid through off-reservation merchants to the state. It also now directly regulates the sales and can provide for treatment for individuals and families affected by alcoholism. As of 2007, 63% of federally recognized tribes in the lower 48 states had legalized alcohol sales for similar reasons.
In 1994, based on a long-term view of growth, the tribe founded Ho-Chunk, Inc., its economic development corporation, which has strongly contributed to new resources on the reservation. Beginning with one employee, it has grown to 1400 employees operating in 10 states and five foreign countries. Its revenues have provided for development in 1995 of Little Priest Tribal College; as well as a new community school, hospital and a strong housing construction program of more than $1 million, with development of Ho-Chunk Village.
The rise in its economy has enabled the tribe to improve the quality of life on the reservation, as Lance Morgan, the CEO of the corporation, discussed in a forum at Bellevue University in Omaha, Nebraska, on April 2, 2010. Ho-Chunk, Inc. has gained awards for small business, and it has initiated a strong housing construction program in collaboration with federal programs. Its leaders were featured on Native American Entrepreneurs, airing in 2009 on PBS. Ho-Chunk, Inc. operates 26 subsidiaries in areas such as information technology, construction, government contracting, green energy, retail, wholesale distribution, marketing, media and transportation.
See also
Native American tribes in Nebraska
Reuben Snake, notable person from Winnebago
Notes
References
External links
Reservation tract maps from the US Census.
Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska, official website
Ho-Chunk, Inc., economic development arm of the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska
WinnaVegas Casino
Geography of Thurston County, Nebraska
Geography of Dixon County, Nebraska
Geography of Woodbury County, Iowa
Geography of Burt County, Nebraska
American Indian reservations in Nebraska |
23577199 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jus%20accrescendi | Jus accrescendi | Jus accrescendi, in Roman law, is the right of survivorship, the right of the survivor or survivors of two or more joint tenants to the tenancy or estate, upon the death of one or more of the joint tenants.
Jus accrescendi inter mercatores, pro benefio commercii, locum non habet: The right of survivorship has no place between merchants, for the benefit of commerce. Co. Litt. 182(1 ; 2 Story, Eq. Jur. | 1207; Broom, Max. 455. There is no survivorship in cases of partnership, in contrast to joint-tenancy. Story, Partn. § 00.
Jus accrescendi praefertur oneribus: The right of survivorship is preferred to incumbrances. Co. Litt. 185o. Hence no dower or courtesy can be claimed out of a joint estate. 1 Steph. Comm. 316.
Jus accrescendi praefertur ultima voluntati: The right of survivorship is preferred to the last will. Co. Litt 1856. A devise of one's share of a joint estate, by will, is no severance of the jointure; for no testament takes effect till after the death of the testator, and by such death the right of the survivor (which accrued at the original creation of the estate, and has therefore a priority to the other) is already vested. 2 Bl. Comm. 18(i; 3 Steph. Comm. 316.
References
Black's Law Dictionary (Second Edition 1910) (public domain)
Latin legal terminology |
44505099 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y.%20R.%20Swamy | Y. R. Swamy | Y. R. Swamy ( – 21 October 2002) was an Indian film director and screenwriter who worked primarily Kannada cinema. He directed over 35 films in his career, 17 of which came in films that stars Rajkumar in the lead role. He also holds the record for directing Rajkumar for the highest no. of times- seventeen.
His first film as a director came in the 1953 Telugu film, Pratigna. Since then, Swamy directed films in the Kannada language and mostly in the mythological genre and with a social connect. His popular films include Bhakta Kanakadasa (1960), Katari Veera (1966), Paropakari (1970), Sipayi Ramu (1972) and Bhale Huchcha (1972). Recognizing his contribution to Kannada cinema, he was awarded the 1990–91 Puttanna Kanagal Award.
Career
Swamy's role as Prahlada, a mythological Indian boy-saint, marked his entry into films in the early 1950s. Around the time, he worked as an assistant to his adoptive father and filmmaker H. M. Reddy, who directed films in Telugu and Tamil languages. Swamy's directorial debut came in the 1953 Telugu film Pratigna, a film that Reddy produced, starring Kanta Rao (debut as a hero) and Savitri with Rajanala debuting as a villain. Following this, he directed Vaddante Dabbu starring NTR, Peketi Sivaram, Jamuna and Sowcar Janaki and other films before entering Kannada cinema as an independent director with the 1956 film Renuka Devi. His next directorial was the 1960 film Bhakta Kanakadasa that had Rajkumar playing the lead role of Kanakadasa, a 16th-century Kannada poet. The film was a massive success during its time and is seen as a landmark film in Kannada cinema.
Alongside directing, Swamy also wrote the screenplay to films such as Swarna Gowri (1962), Katari Veera (1966) and Bhale Raja (1969), also producing the latter. He would go on to direct other films such as Sipayi Ramu (1972), Bhale Huchcha (1972), Mooruvare Vajragalu (1973), Devara Kannu (1975), Pavana Ganga (1977) and Apoorva Sangama (1984). The 1991 film Bangaradantha Maga marked his last as director.
Filmography
Pratigna (1953)
Vanjam (1953)
Vaddante Dabbu (1954)
Panam Paduthum Paadu (1954)
Renuka Mahatme (1956)
Bhakta Kanakadasa (1960)
Swarna Gowri (1962)
Jenu Goodu (1963)
Muriyada Mane (1964)
Vathsalya (1965)
Katari Veera (1966)
Sathi Sukanya (1967)
Muddu Meena (1967)
Mamathe (1968)
Atthegondu Kala Sosegondu Kala (1968)
Bhale Raja (1969)
Bhale Jodi (1970)
Devara Makkalu (1970)
Paropakari (1970)
Sipayi Ramu (1972)
Bhale Huchcha (1972)
Nanda Gokula (1972)
Bidugade (1973)
Swyamvara (1973)
Mooruvare Vajragalu (1973)
Maga Mommaga (1974)
Mane Belaku (1975)
Devara Kannu (1975)
Aparadhi (1976)
Pavana Ganga (1977)
Thayigintha Devarilla (1977)
Kudure Mukha (1978)
Muyyige Muyyi (1978)
Pakka Kalla (1979)
Atthege Thakka Sose (1979)
Savathiya Neralu (1979)
Jari Bidda Jana (1980)
Apoorva Sangama (1984)
Bangaradantha Maga (1991)
References
External links
1920s births
2002 deaths
Kannada screenwriters
Kannada film directors
Date of birth missing
20th-century Indian film directors
Tamil film directors
People from Chitradurga district
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Screenwriters from Karnataka
20th-century Indian screenwriters |
23577201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilgry%20River | Dilgry River | Cobark River, a perennial river of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Upper Hunter district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Dilgry River rises in the Barrington Tops within the Great Dividing Range, near Tunderbolts Lookout in the Barrington Tops National Park, and flows generally east then south by east, before reaching its confluence with the Cobark River, north north east of Boranel Mountain. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of the Hunter Region |
23577207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doyles%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Doyles River (New South Wales) | Doyles River, a perennial river of the Hastings River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Doyles River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, southeast of Tobins Creek, and flows generally south southeast, northeast, and then southeast, before reaching its confluence with the Ellenborough River, southwest of Ellenborough.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast
Port Macquarie-Hastings Council |
23577208 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Dry River (New South Wales) | Dry River is a perennial river of the Murrah River catchment, located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Dry River rises below Murrabrine Mountain on the eastern slopes of the Kybeyan Range, that is part of the Great Dividing Range, located approximately west of Cobargo and flows generally southeast before reaching its confluence with the Mumbulla Creek to form the Murrah River, approximately southeast by south of Quaama.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A-K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales) |
20475120 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%20Young%2C%20So%20Bad | So Young, So Bad | So Young, So Bad is a 1950 American drama film. It stars Paul Henreid, and was directed by Bernard Vorhaus.
It was the first major screen role for Anne Francis, Rita Moreno, and Anne Jackson.
Plot
Three girls flee from Elmview Corrective School for Girls, a reform school. Two manage to steal a truck and escape while the third hides nearby. The next day, Dr. John Jason (Paul Henreid), a psychiatrist on staff, is told to resign by Riggs (Cecil Clovelly), the chief of staff. Dr. Jason refuses, and an investigation in the psychiatrist's methods is begun. Dr. Jason reflects on the circumstances leading up to this day, and the scene changes to his arrival at Elmview.
Against the wishes of Riggs, Dr. Jason, is hired to reduce the high rate of recidivism at Elmview. He meets several of the new arrivals, and naively recommends treatments for them to Riggs and the other staff, who seem to listen to his advice. Ruth Levering (Catherine McLeod), the assistant superintendent, warns him that his efforts will be futile. When he follows up, and explores the school, Dr. Jason is shocked to discover that not only is his advice not being followed but the girls are forced to work as farm hands and in a sweatshop laundry and are punished with solitary confinement if they refuse. When he complains, Miss Levering, who had seemed sympathetic to the girls, refuses to back him up. Frustrated, Dr. Jason considers resigning, much to the satisfaction of Riggs.
As a passive protest, the girls refuse to sing for the city council when they visit the institution. As punishment, Riggs has Mrs. Beuhler (Grace Coppin), the cruel head matron, confiscate the girls' belongings. In the process Riggs discovers and Beuhler kills a rabbit the girls had been keeping as a pet. In retaliation the girls set fire to their bedding and the blaze destroys the dormitory. Beuhler reacts by bringing the girls to the basement and setting a fire hose on them.
Meanwhile, Dr. Jason and Miss Levering meet on their day off and she explains that if she had supported him with the staff she would be fired and would then be unable to help the girls at all. Though Dr. Jason disagrees with this approach and an argument ensues, a friendship begins between the two. When they return to Elmview, they manage to rescue the girls from Beuhler. One of the girls, Loretta (Anne Francis), a single mother who Dr. Jason tried to help when he first arrived, develops a crush on him as a result.
Threatening to report the fire hose incident to the board of directors, Dr. Jason makes a deal with Riggs where he would stay on in a purely administrative role while Dr. Jason and Miss Levering would make all decisions as to the treatment of the girls. Under the new regime, the harsh punishments are abolished, the farm and the laundry are shut down and replaced by vocational training programs, and a number of other reforms are instituted. The morale and behavior of the girls improves dramatically, though Loretta is jealous of Miss Levering and Dolores (Rita Moreno)), a chronic runaway, still has trouble socializing. Eventually Dr. Jason and Miss Levering arrange a dance, inviting boys from a nearby trade school.
The night of the dance, one of the girls "borrows" a bottle of perfume from Mrs. Beuhler who directs her anger at Dolores by cutting off her hair. The rest of the girls go to the dance leaving Dolores in tears. Loretta, hurt by Dr. Jason's rejection of her at the dance, runs back to the dormitory where she finds Dolores has committed suicide. When Riggs sees the body, he suspends Dr. Jason and Miss Levering and puts Mrs. Beuhler in charge of the school. Fearing a return of harsh conditions, Loretta escapes with two other girls, Jane and Jackie, as seen at the start of the movie.
Dr. Jason, thinking that Dolores had cut off her own hair, blames himself for not realizing she was suicidal. But Jane emerges from hiding and reveals that Beuhler was actually responsible. At a hearing to determine the fate of Elmview, things don't go well. The suicide and runaways are blamed on Jason's methods and Jane and the other girls refuse to corroborate the incidents with the fire hose or the hair cutting. Miss Levering's testimony is discounted because of her relationship with Dr. Jason.
Loretta and Jackie, now fugitives, visit the maternity home where Loretta's baby is living in an attempt to get money. But on spending some time with him, Loretta decides to keep the baby rather than putting him up for adoption. They learn of Jason's predicament and return to Elmview to testify. With Loretta and Jackie there, the other girls also corroborate their harsh treatment by Beuhler, revealing they had been whipped to prevent them from telling the truth, which leads to Riggs and Beuhler being placed under arrest.
In an epilogue, Dr. Jason and Miss Levering, now Mrs. Jason, are running the school, Loretta is paroled and looking forward to raising her son, and many of the other girls leave to lead productive lives.
Cast
Paul Henreid as Dr. John H. Jason
Catherine McLeod as Ruth Levering
Cecil Clovelly as Mr. Riggs
Grace Coppin as Mrs. Beuhler
Anne Francis as Loretta
Anne Jackson as Jackie
Enid Pulver as Jane
Rita Moreno as Dolores Guerrero (credited as Rosita Moreno) [Not to be confused with Rosita Moreno, a Spanish actress who was 43 years old at the time.]
Production
Vorhaus received his idea after he read a newspaper article about abuses at a women's reformatory. Vorhaus and writer Jean Rouverol visited several institutions to gather ideas. Studios initially showed interest, but they backed out since Vorhaus and Rouverol's politics made the studios uninterested; both Vorhaus and Rouverol were blacklisted before So Young, So Bad saw release.
Paul Henreid says it was the first film from the Danzinger brothers. Henreid agreed to produce and star though the Danzingers would be credited; Henreid took 50% of the profits.
The film was shot with a very low budget. Filming locations included areas in Connecticut, Manhattan, Yonkers, and Long Island. A Jewish home for blind and elderly people in upstate New York was used to represent the Elmview Corrections School for Girls, a fictional institution.
Reception
Turner Classic Movies described the critical response to So Young, So Bad as "tepid" because independent film-making techniques were not as appreciated in the 1950s as they were in later years. Many critics made jokes out of the title. Some critics accused So Young, So Bad of plagiarizing the similarly themed film, Caged. The two movies were released one day apart. So Young, So Bad profited in the United States and received an international distribution agreement. Henreid, ignoring the warnings of his agent, placed a 50 percent stake in the film. Henreid reported that So Young, So Bad made him more money than any other film of his career.
Henreid wrote "the picture did well and I made more money out of it than of anything I've ever been connected with."
References
External links
1950 films
1950 drama films
American black-and-white films
American drama films
Films directed by Bernard Vorhaus
Films shot in Connecticut
Films shot in New York (state)
Films with screenplays by Bernard Vorhaus
United Artists films
Women in prison films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films |
44505123 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana%20Atkinson | Diana Atkinson | Diana Atkinson, née Wigod is a Canadian writer, who was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1995 Governor General's Awards for her novel Highways and Dancehalls.
Biography
Originally from Vancouver, British Columbia, she was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis as a child, and underwent frequent surgeries for the condition. By her teenage years, she was psychologically troubled by post-operative trauma from the surgeries, dropping out of high school and spending some time working as a stripper. Highways and Dancehalls was a roman à clef about her experience, although she resisted media attempts to sensationalize her past in the novel's promotion. At the time of the award nomination, Atkinson was completing a degree at Concordia University in Montreal.
The novel was also a shortlisted nominee for the 1995 Chapters First Novel Award. A French-language translation, titled Strip, was published in 1998.
Atkinson won a Western Magazine Award in 2000 for "Falling Slowly", an essay published in Vancouver Magazine, and was nominated for a National Magazine Award in the same year for "From the Gut", an essay published in Western Living.
References
Living people
Canadian women novelists
20th-century Canadian novelists
Canadian magazine writers
Writers from Vancouver
Jewish Canadian writers
Concordia University alumni
20th-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian essayists
Canadian women essayists
Year of birth missing (living people) |
20475122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterina%20Bueno | Caterina Bueno | Caterina Bueno (April 2, 1943 – July 16, 2007) was an Italian singer and folk music historian.
Biography
Starting in the 1960s, her research and performances of Italian folk songs, particularly those of Tuscany, are credited to bringing a new awareness of Italian folk music.
Bueno was born in San Domenico di Fiesole to her Spanish father, painter Xavier Bueno, and Swiss mother, the writer Julia Chamorel. She taught herself to play the guitar and collected folk records, generally of Tuscany origin. She became active at the l'Istituto Ernesto De Martino and later the magazine Nuovo Canzoniere Italiano.
She has worked with many artists in her career including Francesco De Gregori who dedicated his song "Caterina" to her.
Albums
1964 -La brunettina – Canzoni, rispetti e stornelli toscani- (I dischi del sole)
1968 – La veglia – (I dischi del sole)
1969 – La Toscana di Caterina – (I dischi del sole)
1970 – In giro per la Toscana – (Amico)
1973 – Eran tre falciatori – (Fonit Cetra)
1974 – Se vi assiste la memoria – (Fonit Cetra)
1976 – Il trenino della "Leggera" – (Fonit Cetra)
1997 – Canti di maremma e d'anarchia – (Libera Informazione Editrice)
1998 – Caterina Bueno in spettacolo canzoni paradossali e storie popolari di dolente attualità (Supreme)
2001 – Caterina Bueno dal vivo (Compagnia Nuove Indye (CNI))
2005 – Eran tre falciatori – Se vi assiste la memoria – Il trenino della "leggera"] (Warner Music)
2007 – Dal vivo / live – Firenze 1975 Caterina Bueno e Coro degli Etruschi (Pegasus)
Singles
1976 – Italia bella mostrati gentile/La "Leggera" (from a television performance) – (Fonit Cetra)
Bueno was also featured in the 1999 Italian folk collection CD The Great Ladies of Italian Folk Music (Buda Musique)
References and further reading
Enciclopedia della canzone italiana, di Autori Vari (a cura di Gino Castaldo), ed. Curcio, 1990; alla voce "Bueno, Caterina", di Ambrogio Sparagna, pag. 228
1947 births
2007 deaths
People from Fiesole
Italian folk singers
Italian ethnomusicologists
Buda Musique artists
20th-century Italian women singers
20th-century Italian musicologists |
44505281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Felistas%20Fable | The Felistas Fable | The Felistas Fable is a 2013 Ugandan film written, directed and produced by Dilman Dila. The film stars Veronica Namanda, Mike Wawuyo, Kaddzu Isaac and Mathew Nabwiso.
Plot
Felistas is cursed. She stinks. No one can stand to stay near her. She lives in seclusion in an abandoned house. One day, a witchdoctor finds a solution to her problems. A cry-baby man can inherit the smell from her. Felistas is hesitant to grab the opportunity, because she does not want another person to go through the same pain she has endured. But she longs to reunite with her husband and child. So she kidnaps a man, Dan, who is a virgin desperate to get married. Dan recently got a job that makes him very rich. This attracts the attention of Kate, a gold-digger who he has wooed for a long time, and that of a corrupt cop, Jomba, who frames him for murder in an extortion scheme. As Felistas races against time to deliver Dan to the witch and win back her husband’s love, it turns into a high-energy chase with a voluptuous Kate and a trigger-happy Jomba hot on her tail.
Cast
Veronica Namanda as Felistas
Kuddzu Isaac as Dan
Tibba Murungi as Kate
Gerald Rutaro as Jomba
Joanitta Bewulira-Wandera as Mama Dan
Raymond Kayemba as Kiza
Michael Wawuyo as Kuku
Esther Bwanika as Miria
Gamba Lee as John
Nandaula Zam Zam as Jean
Wilberforce Mutetete as Police
Oyugi Jackson Otim as Driver
Mathew Nabwiso as Fred
Opio Henry Opolot as Ogwang
Mate Jackson as Priest
Juliet Akanyijuka as Hr
Kyarisiima Allen as Junior
Nalubowa Aidah as Vendor
Wagaba Dauda as Idler
Mataze Charles as Spy
Kazibwe Edwin as Son
Critical reception
The Felistas Fable won two nominations at the Africa Movie Academy Awards for Best First Feature by a Director, and for Best Make-up Artist. It was also nominated for the African Magic Viewers Choice Awards 2014 for Best Make-up Artist. It won four awards at the Uganda Film Festival Awards 2014, for (Best Screenplay), (Best Actor),(Best Feature Film), and (Best Director/Film of the Year).
Awards
Winner of Film of the Year (Best Director) at the Uganda Film Festival 2014.
Winner of Best Feature Film at the Uganda Film Festival 2014
Winner of Best Screenplay at the Uganda Film Festival 2014
Winner best actor (Kuddzu Isaac)at the Uganda Film Festival 2014
Winner overall film of the year at the Uganda Film Festival 2014.
Nominated for Best First Feature by a Director at the Africa Movie Academy Awards 2014
Nominated for Best Make-up Artist at the Africa Movie Academy Awards 2014 and at the African Magic Views Choice Awards, 2014
References
External links
"The Felistas Fable"
"After one week of shooting The Felistas Fable "
"The Felistas Fable"
"Who are Uganda’s best film stars?"
"Uganda Film Festival 2014 Nominees"
2013 films
Kumusha
2010s English-language films |
20475159 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loletta%20Chu | Loletta Chu | Loletta Chu (born 7 September 1958 in Mandalay, Myanmar) is a Chinese actress and beauty pageant titleholder. She was the winner of the 1977 Miss Hong Kong Pageant.
Early life
Chu was born in Mandalay, Myanmar, in 1958 into an ethnic Chinese family, with roots in Taishan, Guangdong, China. In 1968 she and her family moved to Hong Kong, where she attended St. Teresa School, Hong Kong International School and King George V School. She did some modelling in her teen years.
1977 Miss Hong Kong
She participated in the 1977 Miss Hong Kong Pageant and became the first candidate to win both the title as well as a second, Miss Photogenic. Coincidentally, ever since Chu won both titles, the winner of the title Miss Photogenic became a good indication of who would eventually be the winner, or runners-up, of the competition. She represented Hong Kong at Miss Universe 1977 in the Dominican Republic.
Personal life
She is the former wife of the late tycoon and philanthropist Henry Fok's son, Timothy, with whom she has three sons, Kenneth, Eric and Jeremy.
Chu and Fok announced their divorce in September 2006, after more than two decades of marriage. She remarried, to Hong Kong real estate billionaire Vincent Lo of Shui On Group, in Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts, Singapore in November 2008.
References
1958 births
Living people
Miss Hong Kong winners
Hong Kong female models
Alumni of King George V School, Hong Kong
People from Mandalay
Burmese emigrants to Hong Kong
Burmese people of Chinese descent
Miss Universe 1977 contestants |
20475161 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Aguiar | Carlos Aguiar | Carlos Antonio Aguiar Burgos (born December 19, 1978), or simply Carlos Aguiar, is a Uruguayan former footballer who played as a midfielder. He last played for C.D. Huachipato in Chile.
Career
On 24 April 2009, he asked for the termination of his contract in order to leave Académica de Coimbra and return home.
Personal life
He also holds Italian citizenship. Carlos is the brother of another professional footballer Luis Bernardo Aguiar.
References
http://www.emol.com/especiales/2010/deportes/apertura_primera_a/despliegue.asp?idnoticia=423562
External links
1978 births
Living people
Uruguayan footballers
Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Club Atlético River Plate (Montevideo) players
Xanthi F.C. players
Independiente Medellín footballers
Racing Club de Montevideo players
Rampla Juniors players
Tiro Federal footballers
Liverpool F.C. (Montevideo) players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
C.D. Huachipato footballers
Uruguay Montevideo players
Chilean Primera División players
Expatriate footballers in Argentina
Expatriate footballers in Chile
Expatriate footballers in Greece
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Argentina
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Chile
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Club Atlético Fénix players
Association football midfielders |
20475183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20architecture | Solar architecture | Solar architecture is an architectural approach that takes in account the Sun to harness clean and renewable solar power. It is related to the fields of optics, thermics, electronics and materials science. Both active and passive solar housing skills are involved in solar architecture.
The use of flexible thin-film photovoltaic modules provides fluid integration with steel roofing profiles, enhancing the building's design. Orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air also constitute solar architecture.
Initial development of solar architecture has been limited by the rigidity and weight of standard solar power panels. The continued development of photovoltaic (PV) thin film solar has provided a lightweight yet robust vehicle to harness solar energy to reduce a building's impact on the environment.
History
The idea of passive solar building design first appeared in Greece around the fifth century BC. Up until that time, the Greeks' main source of fuel had been charcoal, but due to a major shortage of wood to burn they were forced to find a new way of heating their dwellings. With necessity as their motivation, the Greeks revolutionized the design of their cities. They began using building materials that absorbed solar energy, mostly stone, and started orienting the buildings so that they faced south. These revolutions, coupled with overhangs that kept out the hot summer sun, created structures which required very little heating and cooling. Socrates wrote, "In houses that look toward the south, the sun penetrates the portico in winter, while in summer the path of the sun is right over our heads and above the roof so that there is shade."
From this point on, most civilizations have oriented their structures to provide shade in the summer and heating in the winter. The Romans improved on the Greeks' design by covering the southern-facing windows with different types of transparent materials.
Another simpler example of early solar architecture is the cave dwellings in the southwestern regions of North America. Much like the Greek and Roman buildings, the cliffs in which the indigenous people of this region built their homes were oriented towards the south with an overhang to shade them from the midday sun during the summer months and capture as much of the solar energy during the winter as possible.
Active solar architecture involves the moving of heat and/or coolness between a temporary heat storage medium and a building, typically in response to a thermostat's call for heat or coolness within the building. While this principle sounds useful in theory, significant engineering problems have thwarted almost all active solar architecture in practice. The most common form of active solar architecture, rock bed storage with air as a heat transfer medium, usually grew toxic mold in the rock bed which was blown into houses, along with dust and radon in some cases.
A more complex and modern incarnation of solar architecture was introduced in 1954 with the invention of the photovoltaic cell by Bell Labs. Early cells were extremely inefficient and therefore not widely used, but throughout the years government and private research has improved the efficiency to a point where it is now a viable source of energy.
Universities were some of the first buildings to embrace the idea of solar energy. In 1973, the University of Delaware built Solar One, which was one of the world's first solar-powered houses.
As photovoltaic technologies keep advancing, solar architecture becomes easier to accomplish. In 1998 Subhendu Guha developed photovoltaic shingles, and recently a company called Oxford Photovoltaics has developed perovskite solar cells that are thin enough to incorporate into windows. Although the windows are not scaled to a size that can be taken advantage of on a commercial level yet, the company believes that the outlook is promising.
Elements
Greenhouse
A greenhouse keeps heat from the Sun. In a double glazed greenhouse, three effects occur: no convection (air blocking), ray keeping (the ground absorbs a photon, emits it with lower infrared energy, and the glass reflects this infrared to the ground), and little conduction (double glazing). It seems that the convection effect is the most important, as greenhouses in poor countries are made of plastic.
The greenhouse can be used to grow plants in the winter, to grow tropical plants, as a terrarium for reptiles or insects, or simply for air comfort. It must be ventilated, but not too much, otherwise the convection will make the inside colder, losing the desired effect. The greenhouse may be combined with heat storage or an opaque mask.
Photothermic module
Photothermic modules convert solar light into heat. They easily heat domestic water to 80 °C (353 K). They are put facing the sunny cardinal point, rather pointing towards the horizon to avoid overheating in summer, and take more calories in the winter. In a 45° North place, the module should face the south and the angle to the horizontal should be about 70°.
The use of intermediate solar heat systems like evacuated tubes, compound parabolic, and parabolic trough, is discussed as they correspond to specific, intermediate needs. A customer who wants a cheap system will prefer the photothermic, giving 80 °C (353 K) hot water with 70-85 % efficiency. A customer who wants high temperatures will prefer the solar parabola, giving 200 °C (573 K) with 70-85 % efficiency.
Do it yourself photothermic modules are cheaper and can use a spiral pipe, with hot water coming from the center of the module. Other geometries exist, like serpentine or quadrangular.
If on a flat roof, a mirror can be placed in front of the photothermic module to give it more sunlight.
The photothermic module has become popular in Mediterranean countries, with Greece and Spain counting with 30-40 % of homes equipped with this system, and becoming part of the landscape.
Photovoltaic module
Photovoltaic modules convert solar light into electricity. Classical silicon solar modules have up to 25% efficiency but they are rigid and cannot easily be placed on curves. Thin film solar modules are flexible, but they have lower efficiency and lifetime.
Photovoltaic tiles combine the useful to the pleasant by providing tile-like photovoltaic surfaces.
A pragmatic rule is to put the photovoltaic surface facing the sunny cardinal point, with a latitude-equal angle to the horizontal. For example, if the house is 33° South, the photovoltaic surface should face the north with 33° to the horizontal. From this rule comes a general standard of roof angle, that is the norm in solar architecture.
Thermal storage
The simplest solar heat water system is to place a hot water storage tank towards the Sun and paint it black.
A thick ground of rock in a greenhouse will keep some heat through the night. The rock will absorb heat in the day and emit it in the night. Water has the best thermal capacity for a common material and remains a sure value.
Electrical storage
In autonomous (off-grid) photovoltaic systems, batteries are used to store the excess of electricity, and deliver it when needed in the night.
Grid-connected systems can use interseasonal storage thanks to pumped-storage hydroelectricity. An innovative storage method, compressed air energy storage, is also being studied, and may be applied at the scale of a region or a home, whether a cave or a tank is used to store the compressed air.
White wall
In the Greek islands, the houses are painted in white to keep from absorbing heat. The white walls covered with lime and the blue roofs make the Greek islands' traditional style appreciated by tourists for its colors, and by the inhabitants for the cooler interior air.
Black wall
In Nordic countries, this is the opposite: the houses are painted in black to better absorb the irradiation heat. Basalt is an interesting material as it is naturally black and exhibits high thermal storage capacity.
Solar tracker
Part or all of the house can track the Sun's race in the sky to catch its light. The Heliotrope, the first positive energy house in the world, rotates to catch the sunlight, converted into electricity by photovoltaic modules, heating the house through the translucent glass.
Tracking requires electronics and automatics. There are two ways to let the system know where the Sun is: instrumental and theoretical. The instrumental method uses captors of light to detect the Sun's position. The theoretical method uses astronomical formulas to know the Sun's place. One or two axis motors will make the solar system rotate to face the Sun and catch more of its Sunlight.
A photovoltaic or photothermic module can gain more than 50% of production, thanks to a tracker system.
Solar mask
Sometimes the heat becomes too high, so a shadow may be desired. The Heliodome has been built in such a way that the roof hides the Sun in the summer to avoid overheating, and lets the sunlight pass in the winter.
As a mask, any opaque material is fine. A curtain, a cliff, or a wall can be solar masks. If a leafy tree is put in front of a greenhouse, it may hide the greenhouse in the summer, and let the sunlight enter in the winter, when the leaves have fallen. The shadows will not work the same according to the season. Using the seasonal change to get shadow in the summer, light in the winter, is a general rule for a solar mask.
Solar chimney
A solar chimney is a chimney of outside black color. They were used in Roman antiquity as a ventilation system. The black surface makes the chimney heat with sunlight. The air inside gets warmer and moves up, pumping the air from the underground, that is at 15 °C (288 K) all the year. This traditional air-ground exchanger was used to make the houses cool in the summer, mild in the winter.
The solar chimney may be coupled with a badgir or a wood chimney for stronger effect.
Solar parabola
A solar parabola is a parabolic mirror that concentrates the sunlight to reach high temperatures. In Auroville's collective kitchen, a large solar parabola on the roof provides heat for cooking.
The solar parabola can also be used for industrial building. The Odeillo solar furnace, one of the largest solar parabola in the world, concentrates the sunlight 10,000 times and reaches temperatures above 3,200 K. No material resists, even diamond melts. It opens the vision of a futuristic metallurgy, using a clean and renewable source of energy.
Examples
One of the first large commercial buildings to exemplify solar architecture is 4 Times Square in New York City. It has built-in solar panels on the 37th through the 43rd floors, and incorporated more energy-efficient technology than any other skyscraper at the time of its construction. The National Stadium in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, designed by the Japanese architect Toyo Ito, is a dragon-shaped structure that has 8,844 solar panels on its roof. It was built in 2009 to house the 2009 world games. Constructed completely of recycled materials, it is the largest solar-powered stadium in the world and powers the surrounding neighborhood when it is not in use. The Sundial Building in China was built to symbolize the need for replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. The building is shaped like a fan and is covered in of solar panels. It was named the world's largest solar-powered office building in 2009.
Although it is not yet completed, the Solar City Tower in Rio de Janeiro is another example of what solar architecture might look like in the future. It is a power plant that generates energy for the city during the day while also pumping water to the top of the structure. At night, when the sun is not shining, the water will be released to run over turbines that will continue to generate electricity. It was set to be revealed at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio, although the project is still in the proposal phase.
Environmental benefits
Using solar power in architecture contributes to a world of clean and renewable energy. This is an investment: the initial price is high, but afterwards, there is nearly nothing to pay. On the contrary, fossil and fissile energies are cheap in the beginning, but cost tremendous amounts to humans and nature. The Fukushima catastrophe is evaluated to cost 210 billion dollars to Japan,. Global warming has already been a cause of species extinction.
Solar architecture is then anti-crisis. If all houses were to be rebuilt to meet solar architecture standards, this would bring hope, jobs, money, and economical growth.
Criticism
According to an article on ECN's website titled "Architects just want to develop attractive buildings", an architect's main purpose is to "create a spatial object with lines, shapes, colours and texture. These are the challenges for the architect within the customer's programme of requirements. But they do not immediately think of using a solar panel as an interesting building material. There is still much to be achieved here." In the article it is stated multiple times that solar panels are not an architect's first choice for building material because of their cost and aesthetics.
Another criticism of installing solar panels is their upfront cost. According to energyinfomative.org, the average cost for a residential solar system is between $15,000 and $40,000 (USD), and about $7 per watt. In the article, it says that at today's rates, it would take 10 years to pay off an average system. As a solar panel may last more than 20 years, in the end, it becomes a benefit.
See also
Sustainable architecture
Building-integrated photovoltaics
Solar thermal collector
Solar cooker
Solar chimney
References
Low-energy building
Sustainable urban planning |
26720865 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbo%20%28video%20game%29 | Limbo (video game) | Limbo is a puzzle-platform video game developed by independent studio Playdead and originally published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360. The game was released in July 2010 on Xbox Live Arcade, and has since been ported by Playdead to several other systems, including the PlayStation 3, Linux and Microsoft Windows. Limbo is a 2D side-scroller, incorporating a physics system that governs environmental objects and the player character. The player guides an unnamed boy through dangerous environments and traps as he searches for his sister. The developer built the game's puzzles expecting the player to fail before finding the correct solution. Playdead called the style of play "trial and death", and used gruesome imagery for the boy's deaths to steer the player from unworkable solutions.
The game is presented in black-and-white tones, using lighting, film grain effects and minimal ambient sounds to create an eerie atmosphere often associated with the horror genre. Journalists praised the dark presentation, describing the work as comparable to film noir and German Expressionism. Based on its aesthetics, reviewers classified Limbo as an example of video games as an art form.
Limbo received critical acclaim, but its minimal story polarised critics; some critics found the open-ended work to have deeper meaning that tied well with the game's mechanics, while others believed the lack of significant plot and abrupt ending detracted from the game. A common point of criticism from reviewers was that the high cost of the game relative to its short length might deter players from purchasing the title, but some reviews proposed that Limbo had an ideal length. The game has been listed among the greatest games of all time.
Limbo was the third-highest selling game on the Xbox Live Arcade service in 2010, generating around $7.5 million in revenue. It won several awards from industry groups after its release, and was named as one of the top games for 2010 by several publications. Playdead's next title, Inside, was released in 2016, and revisited many of the same themes presented in Limbo.
Gameplay
The player controls the boy throughout the game. As is typical of most two-dimensional platform games, the boy can run left or right, jump, climb onto short ledges or up and down ladders and ropes, and push or pull objects. Limbo is presented through dark, greyscale graphics and with minimalist ambient sounds, creating an eerie, haunting environment. The dark visuals also serve to conceal numerous lethal surprises, including such environmental and physical hazards as deadly bear traps on the forest floor, or lethal monsters hiding in the shadows. Among the hazards are glowing worms, which attach themselves to the boy's head and force him to travel in only one direction until they are killed.
The game's second half features mechanical puzzles and traps using machinery, electromagnets, and gravity. Many of these traps are not apparent until triggered, often killing the boy. The player is able to restart at the last encountered checkpoint, with no limits placed on how many times this can occur. Some traps can be avoided and used later in the game; one bear trap is used to clamp onto an animal's carcass, hung from the end of a rope, tearing the carcass off the rope and allowing the branch and rope to retract upwards and allow the boy to climb onto a ledge otherwise out of reach. As the player will likely encounter numerous deaths before they solve each puzzle and complete the game, the developers call Limbo a "trial and death" game. Some deaths are animated with images of the boy's dismemberment or beheading, although an optional gore filter on some platforms blacks out the screen instead of showing these deaths. Game achievements (optional in-game goals) include finding hidden insect eggs and completing the game with five or fewer deaths.
Plot
The primary character in Limbo is a nameless boy in search of his sister, who awakens in the middle of a forest on the "edge of hell" (the game's title is taken from the Latin limbus, meaning "edge"), where he encounters a giant spider who tries to kill him. After using a trap to cut off the sharp points on half of the spider's legs, it retreats further into the forest, and the boy is allowed to pass. However, he is later caught in webs and spun into a cocoon. Shortly after freeing himself, he encounters a colony of other boys who actively try to kill him with traps, poison darts, and rocks; they later fall victim to the spider, whom the boy finally manages to kill after a short chase. At one point during his journey, he encounters a female character, who he thinks might be his sister, but is prevented from reaching her. The forest eventually gives way to a crumbling city environment, followed by industrial and flooded environments. On completion of the final puzzle, the boy is thrown through a pane of glass and back into the forest area from the beginning. After he wakes up, he walks a short distance until he again encounters the girl, who, upon his approach, stands up startled. At this point, the screen cuts to black, abruptly ending the game.
Development
According to Playdead co-founder Dino Patti and lead designer Jeppe Carlsen, Playdead's game director, Arnt Jensen, conceived Limbo around 2004. At that time, as a concept artist at IO Interactive, Jensen became dissatisfied with the increasingly corporate nature of the company. He had sketched a "mood image" of a "secret place" to get ideas, and the result, similar to the backgrounds of the final game, inspired Jensen to expand on it. Jensen initially tried on his own to program the game in Visual Basic around 2004, but found he needed more help and proceeded to create an art style trailer by 2006. He had only intended to use the trailer as a means to recruit a programmer to help him, but the video attracted substantial interest in the project from across the Internet, eventually leading him to meet with Patti, who was also dissatisfied with his job. Their collaboration led to the founding of Playdead. Although Patti helped in the first few months with programming, he realised that the project was much larger than the two of them could handle, and Patti developed the business around the game's expanded development.
Initial development was funded personally by Jensen and Patti along with Danish government grants, including funding from the Nordic Game Program, while large investors were sought later in the development cycle. Jensen and Patti did not want to commit to major publishers, preferring to retain full creative control in developing the title. Jensen originally planned to release Limbo as a free Microsoft Windows title, but by this point, Jensen and Patti decided to make the game a retail title.
Playdead chose to ignore outside advice from investors and critics during development, such as to add multiplayer play and adjustable difficulty levels, and to extend the game's length. According to Patti, Playdead felt these changes would break the integrity of Jensen's original vision. Patti also felt that the investors "tried to control the company with no usable knowledge or respect", citing that after Microsoft raised concerns about the death of the boy, "one of the investors suggested we make him appear older by giving him a moustache." Numerous iterations of the game took place during a -year development cycle, including changes Jensen had demanded to polish the title, some elements being added two months prior to the game's release. Patti stated that they "trashed 70%" of the content they had developed, due to it not fitting in well with the context of the game. The core development team size was about 8 developers, expanding to 16 at various stages with freelancers. Playdead developed the design tools for Limbo in Visual Studio; Patti commented they would likely seek third-party applications for their next project given the challenges in creating their own technology. Patti later revealed they had opted to use the Unity engine for their next project, citing the development of their custom engine for Limbo as a "double product, doing both engine and game", and that their Limbo engine is limited to monochromatic visuals.
Story, art and music direction
From the game's inception, Jensen set out three goals for the final Limbo product. The first goal was to create a specific mood and art style. Jensen wanted to create an aesthetic for the game without resorting to highly detailed three-dimensional models, and instead directed the art towards a minimalistic style to allow the development to focus its attention on the gameplay. Jensen's second goal was to only require two additional controls—jumping and grabbing—outside of the normal left-and-right movement controls, to keep the game easy to play. Finally, the finished game was to present no tutorial text to the player, requiring players to learn the game's mechanics on their own. The game was purposely developed to avoid revealing details of its content; the only tagline the company provided was, "Uncertain of his sister's fate, a boy enters Limbo." This was chosen so that players could interpret the game's meaning for themselves.
Some aspects of Limbo bore out from Jensen's own past, such as the forest areas that were similar to forests around the farm where he grew up, and the spider coming from Jensen's arachnophobia. Jensen drew inspiration from film genres, including works of film noir, to set the art style of the game; the team's graphic artist, Morten Bramsen, is credited with recreating that art style. Much of the game's flow was storyboarded very early in development, such as the boy's encounters with spiders and mind-controlling worms, as well as the overall transition from a forest to a city, then to an abstract environment. As development progressed, some of the original ideas became too difficult for the small team to complete. The storyline also changed; originally, the spider sequences were to be present near the end of the game, but were later moved to the first part. In retrospect, Jensen was aware that the first half of the game contained more scripted events and encounters, while the second half of the game was lonelier and puzzle-heavy; Jensen attributed this to his lack of oversight during the latter stages of development. Jensen purposely left the game with an open ending though with a specific interpretation only he knew, though noted after the game's release that some players, posting in forum boards, had suggested resolutions that were "scary close" to his ideas.
The game's audio was created by Martin Stig Andersen, a graduate from the Royal Academy of Music in Aarhus. Andersen's specialisation was in acousmatic music, non-traditional music created from generated sounds that have no apparent visual source. He was drawn to work with Jensen on the game after seeing the initial trailer, having been drawn in by the expressions of the boy character; Andersen compared the early visuals to his acousmatic music: "you have something recognizable and realistic, but at the same time it's abstract". Andersen sought to create acousmatic music exclusively incorporating the sound effects of the game's environments. Two examples he pointed to was the use of electricity noises while in the presence of a ruined neon "HOTEL" sign, and silencing the wind sound as the spider approached the boy in the forest. Andersen avoided the use of easily recognizable sounds, distorting them when needed as to allow players to interpret the sounds' meanings for themselves. Andersen constructed most of the game's sounds through a number of "grains" instead of longer sound loops, allowing him to adjust the playback to give better feedback to the player without sounding repetitious; one example he cites was the use of separate sounds for the boy's toe and heel when they make contact with the ground, giving a more realistic sound for movement. Many reviews for the game stated that there was no music in Limbo, but Andersen countered that his sound arrangements helped to evoke emotions; the acousmatic music was intended to leave room for interpretation by the player in the same manner as the game's art and story. Andersen noted that this helps with immersion within the game by making no attempt to control the emotional tone; "if [the players are] scared it will probably make them more scared when there's no music to take them by the hand and tell them how to feel". Due to fans' requests, Playdead released the game's soundtrack on iTunes Store on 11 July 2011.
Gameplay direction
The gameplay was the second element created for the game, following the graphics created by Jensen. The gameplay was created and refined using rudimentary graphic elements to establish the types of puzzles they wanted to have, but aware of how these elements would be presented to the player in the released version. Limbo was designed to avoid the pitfalls of major titles, where the same gameplay mechanic is used repeatedly. Carlsen, initially brought aboard as a programmer for the custom game engine, became the lead designer after Playdead found him to be capable at creating puzzles. Carlsen stated that the puzzles within Limbo were designed to "[keep] you guessing all the way through". Jensen also wanted to make the puzzles feel like a natural part of the environment, and to avoid the feeling that the player was simply moving from puzzle to puzzle through the course of the game. Carlsen identified examples of puzzles from other games that he wanted to avoid. He wanted to avoid simple puzzles that gave the player little satisfaction in its solution, such as a puzzle in Uncharted 2: Among Thieves that involved simply moving a sun-lit mirror to specific points in a room. In contrast, Carlsen wanted to avoid making the puzzle so complex with many separate parts that the player would resort to trial-and-error and eventually come out with the solution without thinking about why the solution worked; Carlsen used an example of a puzzle from the 2008 Prince of Persia game that had seven different mechanics that he never bothered to figure out himself. Carlsen designed Limbo puzzles to fall between these limits, demonstrating one puzzle that only has three elements: a switch panel, an electrified floor, and a chain; the goal—to use the chain to cross the electrified floor—is immediately obvious to the player, and then tasks the player to determine the right combination of moves and timing to complete it safely. They often had to strip away elements to make the puzzles more enjoyable and easier to figure out. The decision to provide little information to the player was an initial challenge in creating the game. From their initial pool of about 150 playtesters, several would have no idea of how to solve certain puzzles. To improve this, they created scenarios before troublesome spots that highlighted the appropriate actions; for example, when they found players did not think about pulling a boat onto shore to use as a platform to reach a higher ledge, they presented the player with a box-pulling puzzle earlier to demonstrate the pulling mechanics.
The team developed the game's puzzles by first assuming the player was "their own worst enemy", and made puzzles as devious as possible, but then scaled back their difficulty or added visual and audible aids as if the player was a friend. One example given by Carlsen is a puzzle involving a spider early in the game; the solution requires pushing a bear trap to snare the spider's legs in it. Early designs of this puzzle had the bear trap on the same screen as the spider, and Playdead found playtesters focused too much on the trap. The developers altered the puzzle to put the trap in a tree in an earlier off-screen section when facing the spider; the spider's actions would eventually cause this trap to drop to the ground and become a weapon against the spider. Carlsen stated that this arrangement created a situation where the player felt helpless when initially presented with the deadly spider, but then assisted the player through an audible cue when the trap had dropped, enabling the player to discover the solution.
One animator was dedicated full-time during three years of the game's development to work out the boy's animations, including animations that showed anticipation on the player's actions or events in the game, such as reaching out for a cart handle as the player moved the boy near it. Jensen felt this was important as the character was always at the center of the player's screen, and the most important element to watch. Playdead included gruesome death sequences to highlight incorrect solutions and discourage players from repeating their mistakes. While they expected players to run the boy into numerous deaths while trying solutions, Carlsen stated that their goal was to ensure death wasn't a penalty in the game, and made the death animations entertaining to keep the player interested. Carlsen noted several early puzzles were too complex for the game, but they would end up using a portion of these larger puzzles in the final release.
Release history
Limbo was released on 21 July 2010 on the Xbox Live Arcade service, as the first title in the yearly "Summer of Arcade" promotion. Although the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) had listed entries for Limbo for the PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows platforms, Playdead confirmed that this was a mistake on ESRB's part, and that they had no plans for the game on these systems. Patti later clarified that they had planned on Windows and PlayStation 3 versions alongside the Xbox 360 version initially, but after reviewing their options, decided to go with Xbox 360 exclusivity, in part that "Microsoft provided us with an excellent opportunity, which included a lot of support for the title which in the end would mean a better visibility for Limbo". According to producer Mads Wibroe, part of their decision not to release for the Windows platform was to avoid issues with software piracy, something they could control on the Xbox 360. Patti stated that staying exclusive with the Xbox platform was an assurance that they would be able to recoup their investment in the game's development. Sony Computer Entertainment executive Pete Smith stated later that while they had tried to vie with Microsoft for exclusivity for Limbo, Playdead refused to relinquish its intellectual property to Sony as part of the deal. Patti affirmed that Limbo would not be released for another console, but that their next game, already in development as of October 2010, may see wider release.
However, in June 2011, users found that a trailer for Limbo appeared on the Steam software service, which video game publications such as PC Gamer took as a preliminary sign that a Microsoft Windows version would be released. Similarly, a possible PlayStation 3 version was projected based on the title appearing on the Korea Media Rating Board in June 2011. On 30 June 2011, Playdead announced their ports of the game to the PlayStation 3 via the PlayStation Network, and to Microsoft Windows via Steam, later set for 19 July and 2 August 2011, respectively. Patti clarified that their change of mind from their earlier Xbox 360-exclusive approach was because "we want as many people to play our games as possible". The release was set for nearly a year after the original availability of the Xbox 360 version, after the expiration of the Xbox 360 exclusivity rights for the game. Both the PlayStation 3 and Windows versions of the game have additional secret content, according to Patti; it is unknown if this content will be added in a patch to the Xbox 360 version. Playdead has since published a Mac OS X version of the game through the Mac App Store in December 2011, fulfilling their promise to release the title before the end of 2011; though they had wanted to also release the Mac Steam version by then, this version was ultimately delayed to mid January 2012. A Linux version of the game, based on a Wine-encapsulated package prepared by CodeWeavers, premiered in the Humble Indie Bundle V charitable sales event in May 2012. A native port for Linux was later released on 19 June 2014, with porter Ryan C. Gordon bringing over the Wwise audio middleware that previously prevented a native port from being possible. The PlayStation Vita version of the game was developed by Playdead with assistance from the UK studio Double Eleven, and was released in June 2013. The Vita version does not use the handheld's touchpad features; Patti stated that they "didn't feel it would suit Limbo at all" and wanted to provide the "original experience" of the game to Vita players. The Vita version has Cross-play support with the PlayStation 3 version, allowing the user to buy the game once to play on either platform. The iOS version of the game was announced shortly before its release in July 2013, and was designed to optimize the game for use on the touchscreen devices.
In April 2011, an Xbox 360 retail distribution of Limbo alongside other indie games Trials HD and 'Splosion Man was released. Playdead began selling a "Special Edition" physical copy of Limbo for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X, which included art cards, the game's soundtrack, and anaglyph stereoscopic glasses that work with a special version of the game to simulate three dimensions. The title was later ported to the Xbox One console and released in December 2014, with early adopters of the console getting the title for free; Microsoft's Phil Spencer called the title a "must have played" game that affected their decision to give the game to the majority of early adopters. The Xbox 360 version was added to the Xbox One backwards compatibility lists in November 2016. A PlayStation 4 version of the game was released in February 2015.
In September 2017, 505 Games published Limbo along with Playdead's following title, Inside, as dual-game retail package for Xbox One and PlayStation 4. A version of Limbo was released on the Nintendo Switch
on June 28, 2018.
Reception
Limbo initial release on the Xbox 360 has received acclaim from video game critics and journalists; the subsequent release of the game for the PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows platforms received similar praise, holding Metacritic aggregate scores of 90/100 and 88/100, respectively, compared to the 90/100 earned by the Xbox 360 version. Some journalists compared Limbo to previous minimalist platform games such as Another World, Flashback, Heart of Darkness, Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee, Ico, Portal and Braid. Reviews consistently noted Limbo short length for its higher selling price: two to five hours of gameplay for 15 euros or 15 U.S. dollars. Reviewers asserted this length-to-price ratio was the largest drawback for the game, and would be a deterrent for potential buyers. Some journalists contended that the length of the game was ideal; The Daily Telegraph Tom Hoggins considered the short game to have a "perfectly formed running time", while Daemon Hatfield of IGN commented that "it's better for a game to leave us wanting more than to overstay its welcome". Numerous independent game developers, in an organised "Size Doesn't Matter" effort, commented on the critical response to Limbo length-to-price ratio. The independent developers questioned the need to quantify that ratio, and noted that it only seems to be used as a factor in judging video games and not other forms of entertainment such as films.
Limbo was generally praised for its puzzle design and the simplicity of its controls. Jake Gaskill of G4 TV was impressed by the complexity of the puzzles based on the two simple actions of jumping and grabbing onto objects, similar to LittleBigPlanet, with a variety of elements to assure "you're always facing something new and challenging" during the game. Game Informer Matt Miller commented that part of the success of Limbo is that "every one of these [puzzles] stands alone"; the game accomplishes this in Miller's opinion by varying the elements throughout the game, and preventing the player from getting too accustomed to similar solutions since "everything changes". GameSpy's Ryan Scott believed that the game empowered the player to work through solutions themselves, and its puzzle design, "with its elegant simplicity, offers up what feels like a world of meaningful possibilities". The frequency of death was not considered a distraction from the game; not only were the deaths seen as necessary as part of learning and overcoming each obstacle, but reviewers found the checkpoints where the player would restart to be plentiful throughout the game. Will Freeman of The Guardian praised the game but noted that beyond the "smoke and mirrors" of Limbo artwork, the game is "undermined by the title's lack of innovative gameplay", which he says has been seen in earlier platform games.
Presentation
Limbo graphical and audio presentation were considered by reviewers as exceptional and powerful elements of the game. The monochrome approach, coupled with film grain filter, focusing techniques and lighting, were compared to both film noir and dreamlike tableaus of silent films, allowing the visual elements of the game to carry much of the story's weight. Cian Hassett of PALGN likened the effect to watching the game through an old-fashioned film projector that creates "one of the most unsettling and eerily beautiful environments" in video gaming. Garrett Martin of the Boston Herald compared the art style and game design decisions to German Expressionism with "dreamlike levels that twist and spin in unexpected angles". The art style itself was praised as minimalistic, and considered reminiscent of the art of Lotte Reiniger, Edward Gorey, Fritz Lang, and Tim Burton. The use of misdirection in the visuals was also praised, such as by using silhouettes to avoid revealing the true nature of the characters or shadows, or by showing human figures across a chasm who disappear once the player crossed the chasm.
Reviewers found the sound effects within the game critical to the game's impact. Sam Machkovech, writing for The Atlantic, called the sound direction, "far more colorful and organic than the fuzzed-out looks would lead you to believe". Edge magazine's review noted that the few background noises "[do] little else than contribute towards Limbo’s tone", while the sound effects generated by moving the boy character "are given an eerie clarity without the presence of a conventional soundtrack to cover them".
IGN's Hatfield concluded his review by stating, "Very few games are as original, atmospheric, and consistently brilliant as Limbo". Chad Sapeiha of The Globe and Mail summarised his opinion of the game's atmosphere as an "intensely scary, oddly beautiful, and immediately arresting aesthetic." Limbo is said to be the first game to attempt a mix of the horror fiction genre with platform games. The game has been considered an art game through its visual and audio elements.
Plot
The game's story and its ending have been open to much interpretation; the ending was purposely left vague and unanswered by Playdead. It was compared to other open-ended books, films and video games, where the viewer is left to interpret what they have read or seen. Some reviews suggested that the game is a representation of the religious nature of Limbo or purgatory, as the boy character completes the journey only to end at the same place he started, repeating the same journey when the player starts a new game. Another interpretation suggested the game is the boy's journey through Hell to reach Heaven, or to find closure for his sister's death. Another theory considers that either the boy or his sister or both are dead. Some theories attempted to incorporate details from the game, such as the change in setting as the boy travels through the game suggesting the progression of man from child to adult to elder, or the similarities and differences between the final screen of the game where the boy meets a girl and the main menu where what could be human remains stand in their places.
The absence of direct narrative, such as through cutscenes or in-game text, was a mixed point for reviewers. John Teti of Eurogamer considered the game's base story to be metaphorical for a "story of a search for companionship", and that the few encounters with human characters served as "emotional touchstones" that drove the story forward; ultimately, Teti stated that these elements make Limbo "a game that has very few humans, but a surplus of humanity". Hatfield praised the simplicity of the game's story, commenting that, "with no text, no dialogue, and no explanation, it manages to communicate circumstance and causality to the player more simply than most games". Both Teti and Hatfield noted that some of the story elements were weaker in the second half of the game, when there are almost no human characters with whom the player comes into contact, but that the game ends with an unexpected revelation. GameSpot's Tom McShae found no issues with the game posing questions on "death versus life and reality versus dream", but purposely providing no answers for them, allowing the player to contemplate these on their own. McShae also considered that the brief but gruesome death scenes for the boy helped to create an "emotional immediacy that is difficult to forget". The New York Daily News Stu Horvath noted that Limbo "turns its lack of obvious narrative into one of the most compelling riddles in videogames".
Other reviews disliked the lack of story or its presentation within Limbo. Justin Haywald of 1UP.com was critical of the lacking narrative, feeling that the game failed to explain the purpose of the constructed traps or rationale for how the game's world worked, and that the final act left him "more confused than when [he] began". Haywald had contrasted Limbo to Braid, a similar platform game with minimalistic elements which communicates its metaphorical story to the player through in-game text. Roger Hargreaves of Metro stated that the game has "very little evidence that [Playdead] really knew where they were going with the game", citing the second half, when the player is traveling through a factory-type setting and where he felt the game became more like a typical two-dimensional platform game, and led to an anticlimactic ending; Hargreaves contrasted this to more gruesome elements of the first half, such as encountering corpses of children and having to use those as part of the puzzle-solving aspects.
Sales and accolades
Before its release, Limbo was awarded both the "Technical Excellence" and "Excellence in Visual Art" titles at the Independent Games Festival during the 2010 Game Developers Conference. At E3 2010—about a month before its release—Limbo won GameSpot's "Best Downloadable Game", and was nominated for several other "Best of Show" awards, including "Best Platformer" by IGN, "Most Original Game" by G4 TV, and "Best Puzzle Game" by GameSpot. The game was nominated as one of 32 finalists at the 2010 IndieCade festival for independent developers, ultimately winning the "Sound" award.
Following its release, Limbo was named "Game of the Year", "Best Indie Game", and "Best Visual Art" at the 2010 European Milthon Awards during the Paris Game Show in September 2010. Game Informer named Limbo their Game of the Month for August 2010. Limbo was awarded the "Best Indie Game" at the 2010 Spike Video Game Awards. The game received the most nominations for the 11th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards, earning seven nominations including for the "Best Debut Game", "Innovation", and "Game of the Year" awards, and ultimately won for "Best Visual Art". The title won the "Adventure Game of the Year" and "Outstanding Achievement in Sound Design" Interactive Achievement Awards from the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences and was nominated for "Outstanding Achievement in Game Direction" and "Outstanding Innovation in Gaming". The Academy also named Limbo as the winner of the 2010 Indie Game Challenge award in the "Professional" category, along with a $100,000 prize. The game was selected as the 2010 Annie Award for Best Animated Video Game. Limbo was named as one of ten games for the publicly voted 2011 "Game of the Year" BAFTA Video Game Awards. In addition, the game was nominated for the committee-determined BAFTA awards for "Artistic Achievement", "Use of Audio", "Gameplay" and "Best Game". The inclusion of the independently developed Limbo among other larger commercially backed games such as Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood and Call of Duty: Black Ops for such "Best Game" awards is considered an indication that the video game industry has started to give more recognition to these smaller titles.
Several publications, including Time, Wired and the Toronto Sun placed Limbo as one of the top ten video games of 2010. IGN named it the third best Xbox Live Arcade title of all time in two lists, published in 2010 and 2011, in both cases following Shadow Complex and Pac Man Championship Edition. The site also included the scene where the boy reach a neon hotel sign as one of 100 Unforgettable Video Game Moments. Limbo was spoofed by the comedy troupe Mega64 during the 2011 Game Developers Conference, and later by the CollegeHumor sister website, Dorkly.
Within two weeks of its release on Xbox Live Arcade, Limbo gained more than 244,000 players to the global leaderboards—a rough measure of full sales of the game—which was considered an "incredibly impressive feat" compared to previous Xbox Live Arcade titles, according to GamerBytes' Ryan Langley. Within a month of its release, more than 300,000 copies of the game were sold. By the end of August 2010, the number of players on the global leaderboard grew to 371,000, exceeding the number of players of other Summer of Arcade games released in 2009, and approaching the number of lifetime players of Braid, released two years earlier. Langley, who had expected Limbo sales to fall "due to the lack of repeatable content and being a strictly single player experience", considered that these figures had "beaten everyone’s expectations". Phil Spencer, the Vice-President of Microsoft Game Studios, stated in September 2010 that Limbo was "our number one Summer of Arcade game by a long stretch", and further posed that Limbo represents a shift in the type of game that gamers want out of online on-demand game services; "it's becoming less about iconic [intellectual property] that people know and it's becoming more diverse". Limbo was the third-highest selling Xbox Live Arcade title in 2010, selling 527,000 and generating about $7.5 million in revenue. In March 2011, Microsoft listed Limbo as the 11th-highest selling game to date on Xbox Live. Playdead stated that more than two million users on the Xbox 360 service played through the demo within the year of the game's release.
The developers announced that as of November 2011, they had sold over 1 million copies of the game across the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, and Microsoft Windows platforms. By June 2013, just prior to the iOS release, Playdead announced that total sales of Limbo across all platforms exceeded 3 million. The PlayStation 3 version was the top selling third-party downloadable game on the PlayStation Network service in 2011. The PlayStation 3 version was also voted "Best Indie Game" in the 2012 PSN Gamers' Choice Awards. The Mac OS X version of Limbo was awarded with Apple's Design Award in 2012.
Applications for grants from the Nordic Game Program, which had funded Limbo initial development, increased 50% in the second half of 2010, believed to be tied to the game's success. Playdead was able to buy itself back from its investors in August 2011 from the revenue made from sales of Limbo. Playdead's follow-up title, Inside, first released in June 2016, is visually and thematically similar to Limbo, and includes some elements that were cut from Limbo development.
References
External links
2010 video games
Android (operating system) games
Apple Design Awards recipients
Art games
Horror video games
Indie video games
IndieCade winners
IOS games
Linux games
Microsoft games
MacOS games
Monochrome video games
Nintendo Switch games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Network games
PlayStation Vita games
Puzzle-platform games
Side-scrolling video games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in Denmark
Video games set in forests
Video games with silhouette graphics
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Xbox 360 Live Arcade games
Xbox One games
Limbo
Cinematic platform games
Double Eleven (company) games
Annie Award for Best Animated Video Game winners
Independent Games Festival winners
D.I.C.E. Award for Adventure Game of the Year winners |
6905430 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Buttars | Chris Buttars | D. Chris Buttars (April 1, 1942 – September 10, 2018) was an American politician who served in the Utah State Senate representing the 10th Utah Senate District. He began his service as a state senator in 2001 and resigned in 2011 citing health problems.
Early life and career
Buttars was born in Logan, Utah on April 1, 1942, and graduated from Utah State University with a B.S. in Marketing/Economics in 1967. Upon graduating from Utah State University he was employed at Amoco Oil Company from 1967 to 1976 as a Retail Sales Manager. In 1976 he became the Executive Director of the Petroleum Retails Organization. He was director of the Utah Boys Ranch, now known as West Ridge Academy, a boarding school for boys.
Buttars was married to Helen; they had six children and lived in West Jordan, Utah. He successfully ran for the West Jordan City Council in 1970, and served on the City Council until 1983. Buttars ran for the Utah Senate in 2000, and served as Utah State Senator for district 10 from 2001 to 2011. Buttars served in various Republican Party leadership positions. Buttars was also a recipient of the Boy Scouts of America's Silver Beaver Award for distinguished service to the BSA. He died in 2018 after a period of declining health.
Legislation and policy
Buttars sponsored legislation against gay straight alliances in public schools, introduced a resolution urging companies to have their employees say "Merry Christmas" rather than "Happy Holidays" to customers, as well as an Intelligent Design Bill. Buttars sponsored legislation to fund drug treatment programs, supported raising the minimum wage and assisting child crime victims.
In February, 2010, Buttars proposed eliminating the 12th grade from Utah high schools to close a budget shortfall.
Intelligent design
During the 2006 General Session of the 56th Utah State Legislature Buttars sponsored S.B. 96, an Intelligent Design Bill. The bill would allow instructors to teach students that evolution is a controversial theory and counter it with the pseudoscience of Creationism, using the term "Divine Design." The New York Times called the bill "Anti-Darwin" and critics have pointed to Buttars' words "Divine Design" as evidence for its religious undertow. The bill passed in the Senate but failed in the House of Representatives.
Accusations of racism
In an interview with radio hosts Tom Grover & Ryan Yonk, Buttars said that he "[doesn't] know of an example where the minority is being jeopardized by legislative action." When Grover mentioned Brown v. Board of Education, which desegregated American schools, Buttars responded that he thought "Brown v. Board of Education is wrong to begin with." In response to public reaction to his statements and accusations of racism, Buttars responded, "I don't think there's a racial [sic] bone in my body..." and "I don't see black and white. I see people. I always have."
During a debate of a school-funding bill on the floor of the State Senate in February 2008, the bill's sponsor compared the bill to the baby involved in the Biblical story of King Solomon. Buttars responded saying, "This baby is black, I'll tell you. This is a dark, ugly thing." Buttars apologized for a remark on the State Senate floor, saying, "I got a little carried away, and I made a comment that I think a lot of people could take as racist. I certainly did not mean that in any way, but it was wrong and could easily be taken in just that way. I apologize to anyone who took offense." In an interview, Buttars said, "We live in a very, very sensitive world. Although what I said had literally nothing in my mind to do with a human being at all — we were talking about an ugly bill — I made a statement that could be easily misinterpreted, and it was."
Accusations of racism were made an issue in his 2008 re-election bid against Democrat John Rendell. Less than six months after Buttars' re-election, he was recorded saying of the ACLU, "bless their black little hearts," in an interview with documentary maker and former KTVX ABC 4 reporter Reed Cowan. Cowan’s documentary is called, "8: The Mormon Proposition."
Gay rights
Buttars was outspoken on issues dealing with homosexuality, and co-sponsored Utah Constitutional Amendment 3 with Utah Boys Ranch colleague LaVar Christensen, which defined marriage in Utah as consisting "only of the legal union between a man and a woman." Buttars criticized the domestic partnership executive order signed by Salt Lake City Mayor Rocky Anderson. Buttars also introduced legislation that would ban gay clubs and gay-straight alliances in public schools.
In 2008 Salt Lake City's newly elected Mayor Ralph Becker introduced a domestic partnership registry that was unanimously approved by the City Council. On February 11, 2008 Buttars introduced a counter bill, SB0267, designed to prevent cities or counties from operating any kind of domestic partnership registry, on the grounds that such registries would violate Utah Constitutional Amendment 3's ban on same-sex marriage and domestic unions. The bill failed.
In a January 2009 interview with openly gay documentary filmmaker Reed Cowan, for the documentary 8: The Mormon Proposition, Buttars said that gays and lesbians were "the greatest threat to America going down," comparing members of the LGBT community to radical Muslims. "I believe they will destroy the foundation of the American society," he said.
On February 20, 2009, Buttars was removed as chairman and member of the Utah State Senate Judicial Standing Committee because of these remarks. Democrats pushed for further sanctions, demanding his removal from the Rules Committee and for his demotion on the Health and Human Services Committee.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued a statement urging "civil and respectful dialogue." It said, "From the outset, the Church's position has always been to engage in civil and respectful dialogue on this issue. Senator Buttars does not speak for the church."
Electoral history
2000
2004
2008
See also
Utah Boys Ranch
List of Utah State Legislatures
Utah Republican Party
Utah Senate
References
1942 births
2018 deaths
Latter Day Saints from Utah
Utah city council members
Republican Party Utah state senators
Utah State University alumni
Politicians from Logan, Utah
21st-century American politicians
People from West Jordan, Utah |
23577211 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Greenwood | Ken Greenwood | Kenneth Richard Greenwood (15 December 1941 – 18 April 2021) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Carlton and Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
A ruckman, Greenwood was recruited from South Bendigo and was an understudy to John Nicholls during his time at Carlton. In just his eighth league game, Greenwood appeared in the 1962 VFL Grand Final, which Carlton lost. He never established a regular place in the team until 1964 but even then received limited game time due to Nicholls.
Greenwood, after trying to get a clearance to Melbourne, was given to Footscray in order to keep Ian Robertson, who was part of Footscray's recruitment zone, at Carlton. In 1967, his first season, Greenwood was runner up in the 'Best and Fairest' to John Jillard by one vote. His VFL career ended in 1972 when he badly injured his knee and he spent the 1973 season as captain-coach of Preston.
References
External links
Ken Greenwood's playing statistics from The VFA Project
Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.
1941 births
2021 deaths
Carlton Football Club players
Western Bulldogs players
Preston Football Club (VFA) players
Preston Football Club (VFA) coaches
South Bendigo Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia) |
6905458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wil%2C%20Z%C3%BCrich | Wil, Zürich | Wil is a municipality in the district of Bülach in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.
Geography
Wil has an area of . Of this area, 54.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 30.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 14.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.9%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).
There are border crossings into Germany at near Wil town (to Bühl in Baden-Wurttemberg) and Buchenloo (to Dettighofen in Baden-Wurttemberg).
Demographics
Wil has a population (as of ) of . , 7.3% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -1.6%. Most of the population () speaks German (95.5%), with Spanish being second most common ( 0.8%) and Italian being third ( 0.7%).
In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 48.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CSP (12.2%), the SPS (11.5%) and the FDP (11.4%).
The age distribution of the population () is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 28.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 11.7%. In Wil about 82% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).
Wil has an unemployment rate of 1.57%. , there were 76 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 26 businesses involved in this sector. 161 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 21 businesses in this sector. 147 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 39 businesses in this sector.
Transport
Hüntwangen-Wil railway station is a stop of the Zürich S-Bahn on the lines S5 and S22. It is a 33-minute ride from Zürich Hauptbahnhof.
References
External links
Official website
Municipalities of the canton of Zürich
Germany–Switzerland border crossings |
23577212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20music%20venues%20in%20San%20Antonio | List of music venues in San Antonio | The U.S city of San Antonio, Texas has a vivid and diverse music scene. There are large venues such as the AT&T Center, medium-sized venues such as The Paper Tiger that host large concerts and well-known touring music acts, and many small venues that host many kinds of music.
502 Bar
Alamodome
AT&T Center
Aztec Theatre
Bond's 007
Charline McCombs Empire Theatre
Cowboy's Dance Hall
Fitzgerald's Bar & Live Music
Freeman Coliseum
Hard Rock Cafe - San Antonio
Hemisfair Park
Hi Tones
K23
The Korova
The Limelight
Majestic Theatre
The Mix
Paper Tiger (formerly The White Rabbit)
Phantom Room
Sam's Burger Joint
San Antonio Music Hall (formerly Backstage Live)
Six Flags Fiesta Texas
Sunken Garden Theater
Sunset Station
The Ten Eleven
Tobin Center for the Performing Arts (formerly Municipal Auditorium)
VFW Post #76
Zombies
See also
List of concert venues
Music venues
San Antonio
Tourist attractions in San Antonio
Music of San Antonio
San Antonio
Music venues
Venues |
23577215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duckmaloi%20River | Duckmaloi River | Duckmaloi River, a perennial stream that is part of the Macquarie catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
The Duckmaloi River rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range east of Shooters Hill, and flows generally to the north and then east, where it forms its confluence with the Fish River near Oberon; dropping over the course of its length.
A small weir on the river, called the Duckmaloi Weir, forms part of the Fish River Water Supply Scheme and was constructed during 1963. The Scheme supplies water to Oberon and Lithgow Councils and the Sydney Catchment Authority for town water supplies, as well as Wallerawang and Mount Piper power stations owned by Delta Electricity for power generation purposes. The waters surrounding the weir are a site for a large platypus colony.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin
Central Tablelands |
23577217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyke%20River | Dyke River | Dyke River is a perennial stream of the Macleay River catchment, located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Dyke River rises on the southern slopes of the Cunnawarra Range on the Dorrigo Plateau in high country east of Uralla and west of Nambucca Heads, and flows generally south by west before reaching its confluence with the Macleay River at Lower Creek, west of Comara. The river descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
Armidale Regional Council |
6905466 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Jaggerz | The Jaggerz | The Jaggerz are an American rock band from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They came to national attention with their single "The Rapper" which was released on the Kama Sutra label. "The Rapper" was No. 1 in the Record World Charts and No. 2 in the Billboard Hot 100 in March 1970. Having sold over one million copies, the recording received a gold record awarded by the R.I.A.A.
The band's name derives from the Western Pennsylvania English term, "jagger," meaning any small, sharp-pointed object, typically thorns, spines, and prickles. They were managed by The Skyliners manager, Joe Rock.
History
Early years and debut album (1964–1969)
While attending Slippery Rock State College, now known as Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, Donnie Iris (birth name Dominic Ierace) started a band called the Tri-Vels. The band became known as Donnie and the Donnells when the line up increased from three members to four. Shortly after dropping out of college, Iris found out that a band called Gary and the Jewel Tones, of which Jimmie Ross was a member, needed a new guitarist. This gave birth to a new band called the "Jaggers". Forming around 1964, they began playing night clubs and other venues for the next few years gathering a respectable following in the region. Their lineup consisted of Iris, Allen George, Benny Faiella, and Kenny Koodrich.
In 1968, the Jaggers signed with Gamble Records. The Philadelphia soul music team of Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff produced their debut album which was recorded in Philadelphia. While in the early stages of recording the album, Jimmie Ross saw a magazine advertisement featuring another band called "The Jaggers". In order to avoid confusion, manager Joe Rock suggested that the "s" in "Jaggers" be changed to a "z". In 1969, their debut album, Introducing the Jaggerz, was released. It is a blue-eyed soul album featuring the Jaggerz original song "(That's Why) Baby I Love You", the Ken Gamble tune "Together" and "Gotta Find My Way Back Home", written by Melvin & Mervin Steals who later wrote "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love" for the Spinners. Achieving most of its airplay in the group's native western Pennsylvania, it was a moderate success.
Second album and success with "The Rapper" (1970–1973)
In its November 22, 1969 article, Record World stated that Buddah Records had reactivated its Kama Sutra label and The Jaggerz along with The Sir Men had been signed to Kama Sutra. So by 1970, the Jaggerz had left Gamble and signed with Neil Bogart's Kama Sutra label. There they recorded their second album, We Went to Different Schools Together, which was released in 1970.
One of the singles from We Went to Different Schools Together became the group's first chart-topping hit. "The Rapper", written by Donnie Iris, was released to the Pittsburgh market in December 1969. It quickly rose on the KQV Top 40 singles chart reaching No. 1 on the week of January 5, 1970. It was No. 1 on KQV for four straight weeks during January 1970. Released nationally "The Rapper" reached No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 on March 21, 1970. It was on the Hot 100 chart for 13 weeks and was certified gold by the RIAA. Another additional track from the album reached the Hot 100: "I Call My Baby Candy" peaked at No. 75 and "What A Bummer" (a non-album track) climbed to No. 88. The album went to No. 62 on the Billboard Top 200 chart. The album’s classic R&B tune "Memoirs of a Traveler" written by Benny Faiella and Donnie Iris was sampled by Wiz Khalifa, The Game, Slum Village and seven other hip hop artists.
The Jaggerz continued to release singles through Kama Sutra until 1973, when they moved to the RCA subsidiary Wooden Nickel Records.
In 1973 the Jaggerz performed on the Wolfman Jack novelty album "Through The Ages" that was released on Wooden Nickel Records. They backed up DJ Wolfman Jack on ten songs including "The Rapper". The Jaggerz also produced and recorded with Bobby Rydell and James Darren.
Third album, new lineup and disbandment (1974–1977)
Singers Bill Maybray and Jimmie Ross left the Jaggerz. Ross was recruited by the Jaggerz manager Joe Rock to join the Skyliners. Keyboard player and singer Frank Czuri and songwriter/keyboard player Hermie Granati joined the band for the album Come Again that was released by Wooden Nickel Records in 1975. The single "2 + 2 / Don't It Make You Wanna Dance" was also released in 1975 but did not reach the charts. The Jaggerz were dropped from Wooden Nickel in 1976.
Sometime after being dropped from Wooden Nickel, the Jaggerz' original band members began leaving. By late 1977, Benny Faiella was the only original member left. He was joined by Gene and Robert Vallecorsa (lead guitar and keyboards, respectively), Sam Ippolito (lead vocals), and Mark Zeppuhar (saxophone). Even though they were now only playing at nightclubs, Faiella believed that the lineup was the strongest it had been in twelve years and that they would return to the charts. However this proved not to be and the Jaggerz finally broke up around 1977.
Separate projects (1978–1988)
Dominic Ierace, the band's guitarist and vocalist, joined Wild Cherry. By 1976, they had been together for six years and had just recently rose to prominence with "Play That Funky Music." While in the group, Ierace met keyboardist Mark Avsec. Ierace (continuing to use his "Donnie Iris" nickname more and more) engineered Wild Cherry's third album I Love My Music and appeared playing guitar on their fourth album Only the Wild Survive. But Wild Cherry's fate seemed to be similar to the Jaggerz and they broke up in 1979. Iris then went solo with the help of Avsec, first with the non-album singles "Bring on the Eighties" and "Because of You." These singles proved to be of little influence and Avsec and Iris decided to put a band together. The lineup consisted of Iris, Avsec, Marty Lee Hoenes, Albritton McClain, and Kevin Valentine. The new band, called Donnie Iris and the Cruisers, released their first album in 1980, Back on the Streets. The album's first single, "Ah! Leah!", began a series of successful albums and singles. Donnie Iris landed 10 singles in the Billboard top 100 lists. He released ten albums with the Cruisers, five of which made it to the Billboard top 200 list. Donnie Iris and the Cruisers are still together to this day.
Ross joined the Skyliners in 1975 after two of the original members left. Joe Rock, who managed both the Jaggerz and Skyliners, advised Ross to leave the Jaggerz. He sang with the Skyliners original members Jimmy Beaumont and Janet Vogel. The Skyliners appeared in 1950s revival shows around the country. In 1977, Ross recorded with the Skyliners on their Tortoise International Records album release titled “The Skyliners”. Singer Cathy Cooper joined the Skyliners after the death of Vogel in 1980. Ross sang with the Skyliners through 1982. In 1982 Cooper and Ross left the Skyliners to form the singing duo Cooper and Ross. They signed with Sweet City Records / MCA and released the album "Bottom Line". Cooper and Ross became a fixture in the Atlantic City casinos with a 36-week appearance at the Trump Plaza and extended engagements at Harrah's. They worked together for five years.
Frank Czuri became the lead singer for the CBS recording act the Silencers who appeared on the first ever broadcast of MTV. In 1980 the Silencers single "Shiver and Shake" reached number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Hermie Granati formed the Granati Brothers, recorded the 1979 album G-Force on A&M Records and opened 78 shows for Van Halen during the early 1980s. Drummer James Pugliano toured and recorded with Leon Russell, Roger Miller, J.J. Cale, Willie Nelson, and Mel Tillis.
Regrouping and Modern years (1989)
The original members (sans Iris) reunited in 1989 to perform live. The reunited band included the original members Pugliano, Faiella, and Maybray along with organist Fred Dulu, sax player Robbie Klein and vocalist Donnie Marsico. Their first appearance was at a 25-year reunion concert on June 23, 1989 at the Beaver County College Golden Dome. The band with differing line-ups has played 20 to 25 shows a year since then.
And the Band Played on (1998)
The Jaggerz released their fifth album "And the Band Played On" in 1998. The All Music Guide calls it"Heartfelt soul music". Performing on this release were Ross, Faiella, Pugliano, Dennis McAbee, and Jamie Peck. Granati rejoined the band writing the orchestrations, performing on keyboards and vocals, and co-producing the album with Ross.
Re-Rapped by Request (2001)
The Jaggerz released their sixth album "Re-Rapped By Request" in 2001. It features a mix of the most requested songs that they have performed over their career including "Dancin' in the Streets", "Some Kind of Wonderful", "The Love I Never Had" and a live version of the "Rapper" recorded at the A.J. Palumbo Center.
Memoirs of the Traveler Becomes Hip Hop Classic
The melody of Memoirs of the Traveler from the Jaggerz' album We Went to Different Schools Together has been sampled by ten Hip Hop Artists.
In 2008, rap artist The Game released a track Letter to the King, produced by Hi-Tek, from his album, LAX that sampled the song. Other hip hop musicians who have sampled the song on their releases including Rollin' Up by Curren$y and Wiz Khalifa (2009), 1,2 by Slum Village (2005) Dilated Peoples in the 1990s and, more recently, Pede B (Denmark).
Membership changes
Original lead vocalist and bass player Maybray (born William R. Maybray on May 14, 1944) died on December 5, 2004, at age 60. He wrote and sang the group's debut single, "That's Why Baby I Love You".
The original drummer Pugliano (born James Pugliano on December 4, 1946) died on June 15, 2010, at age 63.
Original members Ross and Faiella continue perform as members of the Jaggerz. The current roster of the Jaggerz also includes vocalist and keyboardist Granati, guitarist McAbee, saxophonist Chris Patarini, and drummer Paul Martello.
The Walk (2014)
In 2014, The Jaggerz returned to the blue-eyed soul music roots to release the album The Walk. Led by singer Ross, the Jaggerz brought their five part harmonies to the arrangements of eight R&B classics and two updated recordings from their 1969 Introducing the Jaggerz album: the Gamble & Huff tune Together and The Jaggerz original That's Why Baby I Love You. Ross' voice and the Jaggerz harmonies appear on the love ballads Love Won't Let Me Wait, The Whole Town's Laughing at Me and That's Why Baby I Love You. Donna Groom, of the Skyliners, guest stars on a duet with Ross on the medley arrangement of It's Gonna Take a Miracle/ I'm On The Outside. Five time Grammy winning producer/engineer Jay Dudt of Audile Images engineered the album for co-producers Granati and Ross.
Members
Current members
Jimmie Ross - lead vocals, bass guitar (1965–1976; 1989–present)
Benny Faiella - guitar (1965–1977; 1989–present)
Hermie Granati - keyboards, vocals, arrangements (1975-1976, 1998 - 2003, present)
Dennis McAbee - guitar
Paul Martello - drums, percussion, vocals
Chris Patarini - saxophone, trumpet, percussion, vocals
Former members
Dominic Ierace - guitar, lead vocals (1965–1976)
Bill Maybray - bass, vocals (1965–1973; died 2004)
Thom Davies - piano (1965–1973)
Kenny Koodrich - drums (1965)
Jim Pugliano - drums (1965–1976; 1989–1998; died 2010)
Frank Czuri - keyboards (1973–1976)
Sam Ippolito - lead vocals (1976–1977)
Gene Vallecorsa - guitar (1976–1977)
Robert Vallecorsa - keyboards (1976–1977)
Mark Zeppuhar - saxophone (1976-1977)
Ron Levi - trumpet
Rich Mansfield - sax
Mike Caporizzo - sax
Discography
Albums
1969 - Introducing the Jaggerz (Gamble GS-5006)
1970 - We Went to Different Schools Together (Kama Sutra KSBS-2017) US No. 62
1975 - Come Again (Wooden Nickel BWL1-0772)
1998 - And the Band Played On...
2001 - Re-Rapped by Request
2014 - The Walk
Singles
1966 - "Feel So Good" / "Cry" (Executive) (released as "The Jaggers")
1968 - "(That’s Why) Baby I Love You" / "Bring It Back" (Gamble G-218)
1968 - "Gotta Find My Way Back Home" / "Forever Together, Together Forever" (Gamble 226)
1969 - "Together" / "Let Me Be the One" (Gamble 238)
1970 - "Higher And Higher" / "Ain't No Sun" (Gamble 4008)
1970 - "Need Your Love" / "Here's a Heart" (Gamble 4012)
1970 - "The Rapper" / "Born Poor" (Kama Sutra 502) US No. 2, AUS No. 32
1970 - "I Call My Baby Candy" / "Will She Believe Me?" (Kama Sutra 509) US No. 75
1970 - "What a Bummer" / "Memories Of The Traveler" (Kama Sutra 513) US No. 88
1971 - "Let's Talk About Love" / "I'll Never Forget You" (Kama Sutra 517)
1971 - "Wise Up!-Why Dope?" (The Pennsylvania Jaycees JZ 550)
1975 - "2 + 2" / "Don't It Make You Wanna Dance" (Wooden Nickel PB/WB-10194)
2014 - "The Walk"
See also
List of 1970s one-hit wonders in the United States
References
External links
Official Jaggerz site
Official Fan Page
Pittsburgh Music History
Another fan site
Photo of "The Rapper"
Musical groups from Pittsburgh
Musical groups established in 1964
Musical groups disestablished in 1977
Musical groups reestablished in 1989
American pop rock music groups
American rhythm and blues musical groups
Kama Sutra Records artists |
44505287 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makerere%20Kikoni | Makerere Kikoni | Makerere Kikoni is a neighbourhood located in Makerere.
Location
Makerere Kikoni is located in Kawempe Division. It is bordered by Bwaise to the north, Makerere University to the east, Naakulabye to the southwest. Kasubi and Kawaala lie to the west of Makerere. This location lies approximately , by road, north of Kampala's central business district.
History
Makerere Kikoni was mainly a slum in semi permanent structures. It is now mostly developed with hostels. The genesis of this development is traced to a policy adopted by Makerere University in the early 1990s, to admit private students. These students had to cater for their residence. Some residences were converted into hostels to house the students. In recent years, multi storey blocks have been put up to serve as hostels. Besides the hostels, Makerere kikoni is developed with supermarkets, churches, the most outstanding being University Church Fellowship (UCF), hotels like "The Grand Global hotel", "J Frigh Hotel", and"Sheron Hotel". It also has Schools like "Makerere Modern Secondary School" and "Caltec Academy", as well as residential developments.
References
External links
"Shell Opens Makerere-Kikoni Branch"
"Makerere students pay sh5m per year"
Neighborhoods of Kampala
Kawempe Division
Kumusha |
23577226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellenborough%20River | Ellenborough River | Ellenborough River, a perennial river of the Hastings River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Ellenborough River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, southwest of Blue Knob, and flows generally northeast before reaching its confluence with the Hastings River, near Ellenborough. The river descends over its course.
The river descends over Ellenborough Falls, a sheer drop of circa , located on the middle reaches of the river, south of Biriwal Bulga National Park.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast |
23577232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endrick%20River | Endrick River | Endrick River is a perennial river of the Shoalhaven catchment located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Location and features
Endrick River rises below Quiltys Mountain on the western slopes of the Budawang Range near Sassafras, and flows generally south southwest, west, northwest, and then north by west, joined by six minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Shoalhaven River near Nerriga, descending over its course.
See also
Budawang National Park
List of rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
Morton National Park
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Southern Tablelands
City of Shoalhaven |
23577239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987%E2%80%9388%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1987–88 Libyan Premier League | Following are the statistics of the Libyan Premier League for the 1987–88 season. The Libyan Premier League () is the highest division of Libyan football championship, organised by Libyan Football Federation. It was founded in 1963 and features mostly professional players.
Overview
It was contested by 18 teams, and Al-Ittihad (Tripoli) won the championship.
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
1
Libya |
23577246 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988%E2%80%9389%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1988–89 Libyan Premier League | Following are the statistics of the Libyan Premier League for the 1988–89 season. The Libyan Premier League () is the highest division of Libyan football championship, organised by Libyan Football Federation. It was founded in 1963 and features mostly professional players.
Overview
Al-Ittihad (Tripoli) won the championship.
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
1
Libya |
26720872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off%21 | Off! | Off! (stylized as OFF!) is an American hardcore punk supergroup, formed in Los Angeles, California in late 2009 by Circle Jerks/Black Flag singer Keith Morris, Burning Brides frontman Dimitri Coats, Redd Kross bassist Steven Shane McDonald, and Rocket From The Crypt/Hot Snakes drummer Mario Rubalcaba. In 2021, it was announced that the line-up changed, with McDonald and Rubalcaba replaced by Autry Fulbright II and Justin Brown, respectively. The band are known for playing short, intense punk songs, with Pitchfork describing the band as "a vital blast of classic hardcore."
History
The idea to form the band came after Coats had worked as producer on a prospective Circle Jerks album which ultimately fell apart. During that time, Coats and Morris had written several songs together which they used to start Off!. The group made its live debut at the 2010 South By Southwest Music Festival in Austin, Texas. Off!'s first Los Angeles show featured an original art installation by Raymond Pettibon at a downtown warehouse space.
The first release by Off! was a 7" vinyl EP called 1st EP, which came out on October 13, 2010. That EP, along with three more EPs, were later released as a four 7" vinyl box set entitled First Four EPs on December 14, 2010. The collection contains sixteen songs, and featured artwork by Raymond Pettibon. The compilation is also regarded as the band's debut album.
In 2012, Off! released a full-length self-titled album. In April 2014, the band released their third album, Wasted Years. Each of their albums has featured cover art by Pettibon, and each is 16 tracks long.
Anthony Kiedis of the Red Hot Chili Peppers has been one of Morris' friends for over 30 years. Morris, at one point in the '80s, filled in for Kiedis at one of the band's shows. At every date on the Red Hot Chili Peppers' I'm with You World Tour, Kiedis wore an Off! hat to promote the band. He also sported the hat in some of the band's music videos. Off! have also opened a few shows for the band. On their relationship, Morris said: “I’ve known Anthony since the beginning of the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Anthony and Flea are my friends, and if I want to go out and play shows with some of my friends, I’m going to. I’ve been playing music for over 33 years, and I have some friends that are in extremely large bands. We could go out night after night and play to people who know who we are, and that’s all fan-fucking-tastic, but part of our job is to take it up a couple of notches. Those people may hate us, but maybe they’ll love us. There’s only one way to find out and that’s to do it.”
In 2019, the band announced a new feature film and accompanying soundtrack album called Watermelon. The film was scheduled to start shooting in early 2020. The film's Kickstarter, however, was ultimately unsuccessful, falling short of its $175,000 goal.
In July 2021, after over a year without any updates, the band announced via Facebook that the film was still in production but that the band has "a new rhythm section."The band at that same time released their first new song in seven years: a cover of Metallica's "Holier than Thou," which subsequently appeared on The Metallica Blacklist tribute album. A music video for the song was released, and featured appearances by David Yow of The Jesus Lizard, Angelo Moore of Fishbone, cosplayer/actress Chloe Dykstra, and writer/director/comedian Derrick Beckles, among others. The new music video also revealed the new members of the band to be Autry Fulbright II (...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead) on bass and Justin Brown (Thundercat) on drums. The band also announced that they are still working on a new album, and have signed with Fat Possum Records who along with their next album, will also release their back catalog.
Band members
Current members
Keith Morris – vocals (2009-present)
Dimitri Coats – guitar (2009-present)
Autry Fulbright II – bass (2021–present)
Justin Brown – drums (2021–present)
Past members
Steven Shane McDonald – bass (2009–2021)
Mario Rubalcaba – drums (2009–2021)
Timeline
Discography
Studio albums
Off! (2012)
Wasted Years (2014)
Free LSD (2022)
Compilation albums
First Four EPs (2010)
Live albums
Live at 9:30 Club (limited edition vinyl release) (2013)
Live From the BBC (2015)
Singles
1st EP (2010)
"Compared to What" (2011)
Live at Generation Records (2011)
Sugar Daddy Live Split Series Vol. 3 (split with the Taylor's) (2012)
"Learn to Obey" (2014)
"War Above Los Angeles" (2022)
Compilation appearances
The Music of Grand Theft Auto V (2013)
Features the exclusive track "What's Next?"
The Metallica Blacklist (2021)
Features the exclusive track "Holier Than Thou"
Music videos
References
External links
Radio Interview - Keith Morris
Off! Interview with RocknRollDating (Keith Morris and Steven McDonald)
Hardcore punk groups from California
Supergroups (music)
Musical groups established in 2009
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Fat Possum Records artists |
23577250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989%E2%80%9390%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1989–90 Libyan Premier League | Statistics of Libyan Premier League for the 1989–90 season.
Overview
Al-Ittihad (Tripoli) won the championship.
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
1
Libya |
23577257 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gara%20River%20%28Australia%29 | Gara River (Australia) | Gara River, a perennial river that is a tributary of the Macleay River, is located in the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The river rises at the junction of the southern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and the Ben Lomond Range, near Llangothlin, and flows generally south and southeast, joined by four minor tributaries, until the river reaches a junction with Salisbury Waters within Oxley Wild Rivers National Park and descends to its confluence with the Macleay River, below Blue Nobby Mountain, south east of Armidale. The river descends over its course and is impounded by Guyra Dam and Malpas Reservoir.
In its lower reaches, the Gara River is transversed by the Waterfall Way.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Northern Rivers Geology Blog – Macleay River
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands |
23577258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990%E2%80%9391%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1990–91 Libyan Premier League | Statistics of Libyan Premier League for the 1990–91 season.
Overview
Al-Ittihad (Tripoli) won the championship.
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
1
Libya |
6905479 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splenic%20plexus | Splenic plexus | The splenic plexus (lienal plexus in older texts) is formed by branches from the celiac plexus, the left celiac ganglion, and from the right vagus nerve.
It accompanies the lienal artery to the spleen, giving off, in its course, subsidiary plexuses along the various branches of the artery.
References
External links
Nerve plexus
Nerves of the torso |
6905486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weldon%20Bowlin | Weldon Bowlin | Lois Weldon Bowlin (December 10, 1940 – December 8, 2019) was a Major League Baseball third baseman. Nicknamed "Hoss", he was signed by the St. Louis Cardinals as an amateur free agent in 1959, and acquired by the Kansas City Athletics in August 1961. He started two games for the A's in 1967.
Both games Bowlin appeared in were on the road against the California Angels at Anaheim Stadium (September 16 and 17). He had five at bats, (with one hit), because Sal Bando pinch-hit for him and replaced him at third in both games. Bowlin's one hit, a single to right, came against pitcher Jack Hamilton, who earlier in the season had hit Red Sox All-Star Tony Conigliaro in the face with a fastball.
In his thirteen innings on the field, Bowlin recorded four assists and made no errors.
In 1971, he was the manager of the Wisconsin-Rapids, guiding future major leaguers Glen Borgman, Bill Campbell and Dave McKay.
Bowlin directed the University of West Alabama baseball program for 14 years, racking up over 300 wins, including 90 Gulf South Conference wins. In 2002, he was inducted into the UWA Athletic Hall of Fame.
Bowlin died on December 8, 2019.
References
External links
1940 births
2019 deaths
Kansas City Athletics players
Major League Baseball third basemen
Baseball players from Arkansas
Minor league baseball managers
Hobbs Cardinals players
Memphis Chickasaws players
Dothan Cardinals players
Portsmouth-Norfolk Tides players
Lancaster Red Roses players
Billings Mustangs players
Lewiston Broncs players
Birmingham Barons players
Vancouver Mounties players
Mobile A's players
Birmingham A's players
Charlotte Hornets (baseball) players
Evansville Triplets players
Wisconsin Rapids Twins players
Arkansas State Red Wolves baseball players |
23577259 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geehi%20River | Geehi River | The Geehi River, a perennial river of the Murray catchment of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Geehi River rises below Mount Jagungal, part of Strumbo Range within the Kosciuszko National Park, and flows generally southwest before reaching its confluence with the Swampy Plain River, below Mount Youngal, near the locality of Geehi. The river descends over its course.
The Alpine Way road crosses the Geehi River near its confluence with the Swampy Plain River. The historic and iconic Hannels Spur Track up to the summit of Mt. Kocsiuszko commences near the confluence of the Geehi River and the Swampy Plains River. This is the overlooked 3rd and most challenging route to the summit of Australia's highest mountain and Australia's biggest vertical ascent - 1800metres. Difficult
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales (A-K)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
Snowy Mountains Scheme
References
External links
Snowy Flow Response Monitoring and Modelling
Rivers of New South Wales
Snowy Mountains
Murray-Darling basin |
23577263 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genoa%20River | Genoa River | Genoa River is a perennial river located in the Monaro region of New South Wales and flows into the East Gippsland region of Victoria in Australia. It used to be known as Bondi Creek or Yard Creek. The river's name derives from the First People "jinoor" ("footpath").
Course and features
Genoa River rises below Nungatta Mountain, south of Bombala in New South Wales, and flows generally north, then south, crossing the Black-Allan Line that forms part of the border between Victoria and New South Wales, and then southeast flowing through the Coopracambra National Park, joined by fifteen tributaries including the White Rock River and Wallagaraugh River, before reaching its river mouth of the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean at the Mallacoota Inlet in Victoria. The river descends over its course.
The Monaro Highway crosses the river in its upper reaches between Bombala and Cann River; and the Princes Highway crosses the river in its lower reaches at Genoa.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of Victoria (Australia)
East Gippsland catchment
Rivers of Gippsland (region)
Rivers of New South Wales |
23577265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glen%20Fernaigh%20River | Glen Fernaigh River | Glen Fernaigh River, a perennial river of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Glen Fernaigh River rises on the Dorrigo Plateau within the Great Dividing Range near Hernani, west of Dorrigo, and flows generally northeast then east before reaching its confluence with the Nymboida River near Tyringham, northwest of Dorrigo.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Rivers |
23577266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucester%20River | Gloucester River | Gloucester River ( ), a perennial river and major tributary of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast hinterland New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Gloucester River rises within Gloucester Tops, on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, south east of Gloucester, and flows generally east northeast, joined by six tributaries including the Avon, Barrington, and Bowman rivers, before reaching its confluence with the Manning River, west of Wingham. The river descends over its course.
The headwaters of the river originate in the World Heritage Barrington Tops region, flowing through the Barrington Tops National Park comprising Antarctic Beech and Southern Sassafras high altitude rainforest. In the middle and lower reaches, the river flows through subtropical rainforest that includes Red Cedar and Rosewood trees.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
Gallery
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of the Hunter Region
Dungog Shire
Mid-Coast Council |
26720874 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar%20%28band%29 | Interstellar (band) | Interstellar was a Canadian rock band based in Toronto, Ontario. The band released two albums of electronic music in the 2000s.
History
The band was formed in 1998 by Rob Boak (guitar, bass, keyboards) and Denis Dufour (guitar, bass, keyboards, vocals). The debut album, Late Night Tea, was released in 2000 on Mother Superior Records. Cam Lindsay of Exclaim! described the record as sounding like it had been recorded "at four in the morning", comparing it with Spiritualized and Tortoise.
Interstellar's second album ToSleepToDreamToWake was recorded over three years and issued in 2004 on Plan Eleven Records, charting across Canada and was aired on campus and community radio. The album contained a mixture of uptempo jazz, psychedelia and electro-pop, overlaid with electronic guitar and synthesizer instrumental work.
Rob Boak also played guitar/Moog in Mean Red Spiders and after Interstellar split up, recorded under the name Cinemascope, Dark Constellations and Infinity Projector.
Discography
Late Night Tea (2000), Mother Superior
ToSleepToDreamToWake (2004), Plan Eleven
References
Canadian rock music groups |
23577267 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goobarragandra%20River | Goobarragandra River | Goobarragandra River, a perennial stream that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. In the past, it was also known as Tumut Little River.
Course and features
The river rises on the north western side of the Fiery Range in the Snowy Mountains at and flows generally north west, joined by five minor tributaries towards its mouth at the confluence with the Tumut River at Tumut; dropping over the course of the river's length of .
The river flows through the locality of Goobarragandra; and the Hume and Hovell Walking Track follows the river for a short duration, about south of Tumut.
There are large waterfalls and rapids along this river. There are "camping" spots along the Goobarragandra River as well.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin
Snowy Mountains
Snowy Valleys Council |
44505293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20BeiDou%20satellites | List of BeiDou satellites | This is a list of past and present satellites of the BeiDou/Compass navigation satellite system. , 44 satellites are operational: 7 in geostationary orbits (GEO), 10 in 55° inclined geosynchronous orbits (IGSO) and 27 in Medium Earth orbits (MEO). Furthermore, 5 satellites (2 in Medium Earth orbit, 1 in geostationary orbit and 2 in inclined geosynchronous orbit) are undergoing testing or commissioning. The full constellation consists of 35 satellites and was completed on 23 June 2020.
Satellites
Summary table
Full list
Medium Earth Orbit Satellites Orbital slots
See also
List of Galileo satellites
List of GLONASS satellites
List of GPS satellites
List of NAVIC satellites
References
External links
BeiDou Constellation Status (Test and Assessment Research Center of China Satellite Navigation Office)
BeiDou |
6905495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20World%201994 | Miss World 1994 | Miss World 1994, the 44th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 19 November 1994 and marked the third consecutive staging of Miss World in Sun City, South Africa. 87 contestants from around the world competed for the title. Lisa Hanna of Jamaica crowned her successor Aishwarya Rai of India at the end of the event.
In December 2014, Aishwarya Rai was felicitated with a Lifetime Beauty with a Purpose Award by the Miss World Organisation at the 64th Miss World contest for her humanitarian works since she won the crown.
Results
Placements
Continental Queens of Beauty
Contestants
Judges
Eric Morley † – Chairperson, Miss World Organization
Eileen Ford † – founder, Ford Models agency
Ron Moss – Actor, The Bold and the Beautiful
Katherine Kelly Lang – Actress, The Bold and the Beautiful
Patrick Lichfield † – Photographer
Marsha Rae Ratcliff – Entertainer and Variety Clubs Ambassador
Charles Dance – Actor (International Stage, Film, and Television)
Iman – international supermodel
Herb Ritts † – Photographer
Zindzi Mandela-Hlongwane † – Daughter of Nelson Mandela
Tony Leung Ka-fai – Actor，L'amant
Replacement
– Yulia Alekseeva (First runner up in Miss Europe 1993) due to the Miss World Organization did not accept her as contestant.
References
External links
Pageantopolis – Miss World 1994
Miss World
1994 in South Africa
1994 beauty pageants
Beauty pageants in South Africa
November 1994 events in Africa |
20475216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eder%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201987%29 | Eder (footballer, born 1987) | Ederzito António Macedo Lopes (born 22 December 1987), commonly known as Eder (), is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a forward.
He signed with Académica in 2008 from the lower leagues, and joined Braga four years later. Over seven seasons, he appeared in 143 Primeira Liga matches and scored 38 goals. He also played in Wales, France, Russia and Saudi Arabia, notably winning the 2017–18 Premier League with Lokomotiv Moscow.
A Portugal international since 2012, Eder represented the country at the 2014 World Cup and Euro 2016, winning the latter and also scoring the sole goal in the final.
Club career
Early years
Born in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, Eder moved to Portugal as a child, and started playing football with Associação Desportiva e Cultural da Adémia in the Coimbra District at the age of 11. He made his senior debut with Oliveira do Hospital and G.D. Tourizense, the latter in the third division and the farm team of Académica de Coimbra.
Académica
Eder made his Primeira Liga debut for Académica on 24 August 2008, in a 0–1 away loss against C.F. Estrela da Amadora. He scored his first goal for the club at the end of the season, netting the Students equalising goal in an eventual 3–1 victory over Associação Naval 1º de Maio.
On 2 May 2010, Eder scored what looked like a winning goal against C.D. Nacional, but the visitors equalised at 3–3 in the 90th minute. On 12 September of the following year, against the same opponent and also in Coimbra, he scored twice in a 4–0 rout. He finished the season with five goals in 16 appearances, and helped the club win its first Portuguese Cup since 1939 after defeating Sporting CP in the final, but he only featured in the earlier rounds of the cup as he was suspended for not reporting to training for several weeks, as interest from other clubs in signing him grew.
Braga
Eder signed with S.C. Braga in summer 2012, for four years. He made his official debut for his new team on 2 September in a 0–2 defeat at F.C. Paços de Ferreira but scored twice late into that month as the Minho Province side defeated Rio Ave F.C. 4–1 at home, contributing one in a 4–4 home draw with S.C. Olhanense.
On 30 November 2012, in the fifth round of the Taça de Portugal, Eder netted the winning goal as Braga defeated FC Porto 2–1, booking a place in the quarter-finals. On 6 January 2013, in a league match against Moreirense FC, he scored the game's only goal shortly after the restart. On 23 February he scored in each half of the local derby against Vitória de Guimarães in a 3–2 win at the Estádio Municipal de Braga, but missed the rest of the campaign after suffering a ligament tear in early March.
In the domestic cup final on 31 May 2015, Eder opened the scoring against Sporting with a penalty after Cédric Soares had been sent off for fouling Djavan, but missed in the penalty shootout in an eventual loss following a 2–2 draw.
Swansea City and Lille
On 28 June 2015, Premier League club Swansea City agreed a fee of around £5 million to sign Eder on a three-year deal. He made his debut on 8 August, playing the final 11 minutes of a 2–2 draw at title holders Chelsea in place of Bafétimbi Gomis.
Having not scored in 15 competitive games for the Swans – only four starts – Eder joined Lille OSC on loan for the remainder of the season. He made his French Ligue 1 debut on 3 February 2016 as a half-time replacement for Yassine Benzia in a 1–0 home win over Stade Malherbe Caen. He scored his first goal four days later, to open a 1–1 draw against Stade Rennais F.C. also at the Stade Pierre-Mauroy.
Eder played the full 90 minutes in the final of the Coupe de la Ligue on 23 April 2016, which ended in a 2–1 loss against Paris Saint-Germain FC. On 24 May, after helping his team finish fifth and qualify to the UEFA Europa League, he signed a permanent four-year contract.
On 2 March 2017, Eder scored the final goal (four minutes into injury time after 90 minutes of normal time had elapsed) in a 2–1 away defeat of Championnat de France Amateur side Bergerac Périgord FC in the round of 16.
Lokomotiv Moscow
On 23 August 2017, Eder joined Russian Premier League club FC Lokomotiv Moscow in a season-long loan with a buyout option. On 5 May 2018, he scored the winning goal in the 87th minute from Vladislav Ignatyev's cross against FC Zenit Saint Petersburg in a 1–0 victory, which helped to grant his team their first league title since 2004.
Eder moved to the RZD Arena on 16 July 2018, on a permanent basis. He ended that season as a national cup winner, scoring a penalty to open a 4–1 home win over FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk in the last 16 on 31 October. On 6 July, he was a substitute in the 3–2 defeat of FC Zenit Saint Petersburg in the 2019 Russian Super Cup.
Eder scored for the first time in the UEFA Champions League on 21 October 2020, in a 2–2 away draw against FC Red Bull Salzburg in the group stage. He won the cup again at the end of the season.
Al Raed
On 23 September 2021, free agent Eder signed a contract of undisclosed length with Al Raed FC in the Saudi Professional League.
International career
Eder chose to represent Portugal internationally. After impressive club performances for Braga, he was first called up by the national team in August 2012 for a match against Luxembourg for the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers, but remained an unused substitute in the 2–1 away win on 7 September. He made his debut four days later in the same competition, replacing Hélder Postiga in the dying minutes of a 3–0 home victory over Azerbaijan.
On 19 May 2014, Eder was named in the final 23-man squad for the tournament in Brazil. He made his debut in the competition on 16 June, replacing injured Hugo Almeida in the first half of a 0–4 group stage loss to Germany. In the second game, a 2–2 draw against the United States, he replaced another injured striker early on, this time Postiga.
Eder's first international goal came on his 18th cap, the only goal in a friendly defeat of Italy at the Stade de Genève on 16 June 2015. He was selected by Fernando Santos for his UEFA Euro 2016 squad, appearing in three matches as a substitute and scoring the only goal in the final to help defeat hosts France after extra time.
Eder was not picked for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup squad, being replaced by Porto's André Silva. He was included in a preliminary 35-man list for the 2018 World Cup, but did not make the final cut.
Style of play
Eder is a strong, hard-working and well-rounded striker, with a solid first touch. Usually deployed as a centre forward, he excels in the air due to his height and powerful physique, although he is also capable of playing in other offensive positions due to his ability to hold up the ball with his back to goal and play-off his teammates.
Career statistics
Club
International
Scores and results list Portugal's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Eder goal.
Honours
Académica
Taça de Portugal: 2011–12
Braga
Taça da Liga: 2012–13
Lokomotiv Moscow
Russian Premier League: 2017–18
Russian Cup: 2018–19, 2020–21
Russian Super Cup: 2019
Portugal
UEFA European Championship: 2016
Orders
Commander of the Order of Merit
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
Bissau-Guinean emigrants to Portugal
Portuguese sportspeople of Bissau-Guinean descent
Black Portuguese sportspeople
Sportspeople from Bissau
Portuguese footballers
Bissau-Guinean footballers
Association football forwards
Primeira Liga players
Segunda Divisão players
F.C. Oliveira do Hospital players
G.D. Tourizense players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
S.C. Braga players
Premier League players
Swansea City A.F.C. players
Ligue 1 players
Lille OSC players
Russian Premier League players
FC Lokomotiv Moscow players
Saudi Professional League players
Al-Raed FC players
Portugal international footballers
2014 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
UEFA European Championship-winning players
Portuguese expatriate footballers
Bissau-Guinean expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Wales
Expatriate footballers in France
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Expatriate footballers in Saudi Arabia
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Wales
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in France
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Wales
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in France
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Bissau-Guinean expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia
Commanders of the Order of Merit (Portugal) |
26720882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston%20McAnuff | Winston McAnuff | Winston McAnuff, also known under the stage name Electric Dread (born 1957) is a Jamaican singer and composer of reggae and dub music.
Life and career
McAnuff was born in Manchester Parish, Jamaica into a family of preachers. One of his great-grandfathers was Scottish. He started his musical career singing gospel in the church choir. He recorded his first album Pick Hits to Click in 1978. Two years later his second album What the man "a" deal wid was released. His best known song from this time is the single "Malcolm X" (about Malcolm X), which was also recorded by Earl Sixteen, and most successfully by Dennis Brown. It was originally recorded by McAnuff for Joe Gibbs but the producer decided not to release it, and he got Earl Sixteen to record it before the song was given to Dennis Brown who recorded it for his Visions of Dennis Brown album. The song was the subject of a legal dispute in 2013 between McAnuff and Greensleeves Records after the record label allegedly registered the song as co-written by Brown. A third studio album, Electric Dread, was released in 1986.
Although McAnuff had reasonable fame in Jamaica, none of his work was released elsewhere. It wasn't until 2002 that his work was released in Europe. In 2002 the French record label Makasound released the first two albums and a compilation album Diary of the Silent Years. The release of the albums revived McAnuff's career, notably in France.
In 2005 McAnuff released the album A Drop, which he recorded with the French keyboard player Camille Bazbaz. This record displays a mix of rock, funk, dub and punk rock. A year later, in 2006, a new album Paris Rockin''', which he recorded with Java and other French session musicians, was released. His last album, Nostradamus, was released in 2008. The album was a concept album about the predictions of Nostradamus.
In 2011, he took part in Les Échos Du Temps the latest album of Danakil, a French roots reggae band, on the track "Media" where both he and his son Matthew were featured. This is the last apparition of his son, murdered 22 August 2012 in a street fight.
In 2013 he released the album A New Day, a collaboration with French musician Fixi.
In 2014 he sings on two songs of the first album of The Celtic Social Club, a collective of Scottish, Breton, French and New Yorker musicians.
In 2017, he releases the album "Rabbi Son" with french producers Bost & Bim on their own label The Bombist.
McAnuff's nephew is professional footballer Jobi McAnuff.
Discography
Studio albumsPick Hits to Click (1978)What the Man "a" Deal Wid (1980) Electric Dread (1986)One Love (1995) – a rerelease of What the Man "a" Deal WidParis Rockin' (2006) Nostradamus (2008)Rabbi Son (2017)
Compilation albumsDiary of the Silent Years (2002) – compilation
Joint albumsA Drop (2005) – with Camille BazbazA Bang (2011) with The Bazbaz OrchestraGarden of Love EP (2013) – with FixiA New Day (2013) with FixiBig Brothers'' (2018) with Fixi
References
Jamaican male singers
Jamaican people of Scottish descent
Jamaican reggae singers
Jamaican Rastafarians
Jamaican songwriters
Dub musicians
Performers of Rastafarian music
Jamaican former Christians
Converts to the Rastafari movement
People from Manchester Parish
1957 births
Living people |
26720883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-harvest%20losses%20%28vegetables%29 | Post-harvest losses (vegetables) | Post-harvest losses of vegetables and fruit occur at all points in the value chain from production in the field to the food being placed on a plate for consumption. Post-harvest activities include harvesting, handling, storage, processing, packaging, transportation and marketing.
Losses of horticultural produce are a major problem in the post-harvest chain. They can be caused by a wide variety of factors, ranging from growing conditions to handling at retail level. Not only are losses clearly a waste of food, but they also represent a similar waste of human effort, farm inputs, livelihoods, investments, and scarce resources such as water. Post-harvest losses for horticultural produce are, however, difficult to measure. In some cases everything harvested by a farmer may end up being sold to consumers. In others, losses or waste may be considerable. Occasionally, losses may be 100%, for example when there is a price collapse and it would cost the farmer more to harvest and market the produce than to plough it back into the ground. Use of average loss figures is thus often misleading. There can be losses in quality, as measured both by the price obtained and the nutritional value, as well as in quantity.
On-farm causes of loss
There are numerous factors affecting post-harvest losses, from the soil in which the crop is grown to the handling of produce when it reaches the shop. Pre-harvest production practices may seriously affect post-harvest returns. Plants need a continuous supply of water for photosynthesis and transpiration. Damage can be caused by too much rain or irrigation, which can lead to decay; by too little water; and by irregular water supply, which can, for example, lead to growth cracks. Lack of plant food can affect the quality of fresh produce, causing stunted growth or discoloration of leaves, abnormal ripening and a range of other factors. Too much fertilizer can harm the development and post-harvest condition of produce. Good crop husbandry is important for reducing losses. Weeds compete with crops for nutrients and soil moisture. Decaying plant residues in the field are also a major loss factor.
Causes of loss after harvest
Fruits and vegetables are living parts of plant and contain 65 to 95 percent water. When food and water reserves are exhausted, produce dies and decays. Anything that increases the rate at which a product's food and water reserves are used up increases the likelihood of losses. Increase in normal physiological changes can be caused by high temperature, low atmospheric humidity and physical injury. Such injury often results from careless handling, causing internal bruising, splitting and skin breaks, thus rapidly increasing water loss.
Respiration is a continuing process in a plant and cannot be stopped without damage to the growing plant or harvested produce. It uses stored starch or sugar and stops when reserves of these are exhausted, leading to ageing. Respiration depends on a good air supply. When the air supply is restricted fermentation instead of respiration can occur. Poor ventilation of produce also leads to the accumulation of carbon dioxide. When the concentration of carbon dioxide increases it will quickly ruin produce.
Fresh produce continues to lose water after harvest. Water loss causes shrinkage and loss of weight. The rate at which water is lost varies according to the product. Leafy vegetables lose water quickly because they have a thin skin with many pores. Potatoes, on the other hand, have a thick skin with few pores. But whatever the product, to extend shelf or storage life the rate of water loss must be minimal. The most significant factor is the ratio of the surface area of the fruit or vegetable to its volume. The greater the ratio the more rapid will be the loss of water. The rate of loss is related to the difference between the water vapour pressure inside the produce and in the air. Produce must therefore be kept in a moist atmosphere.
Diseases caused by fungi and bacteria cause losses but virus diseases, common in growing crops, are not a major post-harvest problem. Deep penetration of decay makes infected produce unusable. This is often the result of infection of the produce in the field before harvest. Quality loss occurs when the disease affects only the surface. Skin blemishes may lower the sale price but do not render a fruit or vegetable inedible. Fungal and bacterial diseases are spread by microscopic spores, which are distributed in the air and soil and via decaying plant material. Infection after harvest can occur at any time. It is usually the result of harvesting or handling injuries.
Ripening occurs when a fruit is mature. Ripeness is followed by senescence and breakdown of the fruit. The category “fruit” refers also to products such as aubergine, sweet pepper and tomato. Non-climacteric fruit only ripen while still attached to the parent plant. Their eating quality suffers if they are harvested before fully ripe as their sugar and acid content does not increase further. Examples are citrus, grapes and pineapple. Early harvesting is often carried out for export shipments to minimise loss during transport, but a consequence of this is that the flavour suffers. Climacteric fruit are those that can be harvested when mature but before ripening has begun. These include banana, melon, papaya, and tomato. In commercial fruit marketing the rate of ripening is controlled artificially, thus enabling transport and distribution to be carefully planned. Ethylene gas is produced in most plant tissues and is important in starting off the ripening process. It can be used commercially for the ripening of climacteric fruits. However, natural ethylene produced by fruits can lead to in-storage losses. For example, ethylene destroys the green colour of plants. Leafy vegetables will be damaged if stored with ripening fruit. Ethylene production is increased when fruits are injured or decaying and this can cause early ripening of climacteric fruit during transport.
Damage in the marketing chain
Fruits and vegetables are very susceptible to mechanical injury. This can occur at any stage of the marketing chain and can result from poor harvesting practices such as the use of dirty cutting knives; unsuitable containers used at harvest time or during the marketing process, e.g. containers that can be easily squashed or have splintered wood, sharp edges or poor nailing; overpacking or underpacking of containers; and careless handling of containers. Resultant damage can include splitting of fruits, internal bruising, superficial grazing, and crushing of soft produce. Poor handling can thus result in development of entry points for moulds and bacteria, increased water loss, and an increased respiration rate.
Produce can be damaged when exposed to extremes of temperature. Levels of tolerance to low temperatures are importance when cool storage is envisaged. All produce will freeze at temperatures between 0 and -2 degrees Celsius. Although a few commodities are tolerant of slight freezing, bad temperature control in storage can lead to significant losses.
Some fruits and vegetables are also susceptible to contaminants introduced after harvest by use of contaminated field boxes; dirty water used for washing produce before packing; decaying, rejected produce lying around packing houses; and unhealthy produce contaminating healthy produce in the same packages.
Losses directly attributed to transport can be high, particularly in developing countries. Damage occurs as a result of careless handling of packed produce during loading and unloading; vibration (shaking) of the vehicle, especially on bad roads; and poor stowage, with packages often squeezed into the vehicle in order to maximise revenue for the transporters. Overheating leads to decay, and increases the rate of water loss. In transport it can result from using closed vehicles with no ventilation; stacking patterns that block the movement of air; and using vehicles that provide no protection from the sun. Breakdowns of vehicles can be a significant cause of losses in some countries, as perishable produce can be left exposed to the sun for a day or more while repairs are carried out.
At the retail marketing stage losses can be significant, particularly in poorer countries. Poor-quality markets often provide little protection for the produce against the elements, leading to rapid produce deterioration. Sorting of produce to separate the saleable from the unsaleable can result in high percentages being discarded, and there can be high weight loss from the trimming of leafy vegetables. Arrival of fresh supplies in a market may lead to some existing, older stock being discarded, or sold at very low prices.
Avoiding loss
Losses can be avoided by following good practices as indicated above. There is also a wide range of post-harvest technologies that can be adopted to improve losses throughout the process of pre-harvest, harvest, cooling, temporary storage, transport, handling, and market distribution. Recommended technologies vary depending on the type of loss experienced. In recent years, researchers have developed digital means to monitor, optimize, and make changes in the management, logistic, and post-harvest supply chain processes to improve quality and reduce food losses. This digital technology, known as "digital twin", involves developing a virtual prototype of fresh produce with its natural characteristics. By coupling input-sensed data with already existing mechanistic models, the actionable output of an entire shipment of fresh produce, including shelf life, thermal injury, microbial spoilage, weight loss, and overall product quality can be identified. Although still in its early stages of application in post-harvest technology, digital twin also helps identify when and where these changes occur in the entire food supply chain. However, all interventions must meet the principle of cost-effectiveness. In theory it should be possible to reduce losses substantially but in practice this may be prohibitively expensive. Especially for small farms, for which it is essential to reduce losses, it is difficult to afford expensive and work-intensive technologies.
Assessing losses
There are no reliable methods for evaluating post-harvest losses of fresh produce although techniques for this have been improving in recent years. Any assessment can only refer to a particular value chain on a particular occasion and, even then, it is difficult to account for quality loss or to differentiate between unavoidable moisture loss and losses due to poor post-harvest handling and other factors described above. Accurate records of losses at various stages of the marketing chain are rarely kept, particularly in tropical countries where losses can be highest, making reliable assessment of the potential cost-effectiveness of interventions at different stages of the chain virtually impossible. The lack of such information may lead to misplaced interventions by governments and donors.
See also
Food waste
Post-harvest losses (grains)
References
External links
Washington State University Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Postharvest Information Network Article Database
Horticulture
Crops
Harvest |
26720899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhine%20Valley | Rhine Valley | Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal) is the valley, or any section of it, of the river Rhine in Europe.
Particular valleys of the Rhine or any of its sections:
Alpine Rhine Valley
Chur Rhine Valley (or Grisonian Rhine Valley; , or sometimes Bündner Rheintal) between Reichenau and Sargans, East Switzerland
St. Gallen Rhine Valley (also: St. Gall Rhine Valley; , however commonly known as Rheintal) between Sargans and Lake Constance, East Switzerland
High Rhine Valley
Upper Rhine Valley (or Upper Rhine Plain, also known as Rhine Rift Valley; ), a rift valley between Basel and Bingen am Rhein, Germany
Middle Rhine Valley ()
Lower Rhine Valley
See also
Oberrheintal (translation: "Upper Rhine Valley", but not to be confused with the Upper Rhine Valley), a former district in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, part of the St. Gallen Rhine Valley
Unterrheintal (translation: "Lower Rhine Valley"), a former district in the Canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, part of the St. Gallen Rhine Valley
Notes |
6905497 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boone%27s%20Lick%20State%20Historic%20Site | Boone's Lick State Historic Site | Boone's Lick State Historic Site is located in Missouri, United States, four miles east of Arrow Rock. The park was established in 1960 around one of the saltwater springs that was used in the early 19th century. It was named after Nathan and Daniel Morgan Boone, sons of Daniel Boone, who produced salt from the springs. The springs lent their name to the Boone's Lick Country, the first major American settlement in Missouri, and the Boone's Lick Road, which traversed wilderness from St. Charles, Missouri to the boomtown of Franklin, Missouri, in the early 1800s.
See also
Nathan Boone Homestead State Historic Site
References
External links
Boone's Lick State Historic Site Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Boone's Lick State Historic Site Map Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Protected areas of Howard County, Missouri
Missouri State Historic Sites
Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Protected areas established in 1960
National Register of Historic Places in Howard County, Missouri |
20475284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav%20Schn%C3%BCrer | Gustav Schnürer | Gustav Schnürer (30 June 1860 – 14 December 1941) was a German-Swiss historian.
Biography
Gustav Schnürer was born in the Silesian village of Jätzdorf on 30 June 1860.
He studied history, geography and philology at the universities of Berlin, Breslau and Münster, earning his doctorate in 1883 at Münster. Afterwards, he worked as an editorial assistant at Munich, later obtaining a professorship in medieval history at the University of Fribourg (1889).
Schnürer is known for his studies of religious and religio-cultural history. His best known written work was Kirche und Kultur im Mittelalter, a book that was translated into English in 1956 by George J. Undreiner as Church and Culture in the Middle Ages: 350–814.
He was co-founder of Deutschen Gesellschaft für christliche Kunst (German Society of Christian Art) (1893) and Zeitschrift für schweizerische Kirchengeschichte (Magazine of Swiss Church History) (1907). He was also a contributor to the Catholic Encyclopedia.
References
English translation
External links
20th-century Swiss historians
Swiss male writers
People from the Province of Silesia
1860 births
1941 deaths
University of Fribourg faculty
University of Münster alumni
University of Breslau alumni
Contributors to the Catholic Encyclopedia
19th-century Swiss historians |
6905506 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Sterchele | François Sterchele | François Sterchele (14 March 1982 – 8 May 2008) was a Belgian professional footballer who played for Germinal Beerschot and Club Brugge. The striker was the top scorer of the Jupiler League in 2006–07. Sterchele died in a single-person car accident on 8 May 2008.
Club career
Sterchele started his career at FC Loncin, a small team from the Belgian Provincial leagues in the province of Liège. At the age of ten, he moved to R.F.C. de Liège where he stayed for ten years before moving to R.F.C. Union La Calamine. After three seasons, he was signed by Oud-Heverlee Leuven, a team in the third division, where he scored 21 goals during the 2004–05 season, finishing second in the topscorers list. In the subsequent playoffs, he scored another eight goals which would help earn the team to promotion to the second tier.
As a result, Sterchele was able to secure a transfer to the top division in Belgian football, the Jupiler League, when he joined Charleroi, where he was trained by Jacky Mathijssen, who would become a considerable influence in his development as a footballer. After just one year, he went to K.F.C. Germinal Beerschot and became the league's top scorer.
On 19 July 2007, Sterchele returned to the tutorship of Mathijssen when he moved to Club Brugge; he scored two goals on his league début against Mons.
Death
In the early morning of 8 May 2008, Sterchele was killed instantly when he crashed his Porsche Cayman S into a tree.
The previous day, Sterchele had visited some friends in Antwerp and was supposed to meet with Jurgen Cavens and Vicenzo Verhoeven. While travelling home on the N49 between Antwerp and Knokke, at around 03:00 CEST on 8 May, Sterchele lost control of his Porsche while speeding and veered into a ditch before hitting a tree. No other vehicles were involved in the accident. Sterchele was pronounced dead at the scene.
Tributes
Club Brugge, Sterchele's last club, decided to retire the number 23 in honor of their deceased striker. The fans of Club Brugge also started singing his name in the 23rd minute of every game their team plays. While playing against them in the Europa League, the fans of Birmingham City F.C. clapped to show their respect, and also carried the tribute out at their home ground, St. Andrews.
Also there is the "Coppa Sterchele", each year two of his ex-teams play a friendly match to honor him.
References
External links
1982 births
2008 deaths
Road incident deaths in Belgium
Footballers from Liège
Association football forwards
Belgian footballers
Belgium international footballers
Belgian First Division A players
Oud-Heverlee Leuven players
R. Charleroi S.C. players
Beerschot A.C. players
Club Brugge KV players
Belgian people of Italian descent |
6905509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General%20Service%20Training%20School | General Service Training School | Command and Recruit Training Squadron (CRTS) of the Royal New Zealand Air Force is the principal training facility for RNZAF recruits. Located at RNZAF Base Woodbourne, it takes recruits through a thirteen-week training program designed to produce airmen and airwomen for the RNZAF.
Classifications
Recruits who below the age of 18 are classified as Air Force Cadet - Youth (AF CDT(Y)). Those who are 18 and older are classified as Air Force Cadet - Adult (AF CDT (A)). Upon graduation from CRTS, the (A)'s are reclassified as Aircraftsman (AC)'s. (Y)'s cannot be reclassified as AC until they turn to the age of 18. Regardless of classification, all CRTS recruits wear the blank shoulder board of an Aircraftsman on their epaulettes.
Instructors
Instructors at CRTS are generally RNZAF Force Protection Corporals and Sergeants who are responsible for each training a flight of recruits. Their job classification at CRTS is Recruit Instructors. Sergeant and Flight Sergeant supervise the corporals. Apart from the Commanding Officer and the Adjutant, there are a few officers who help out in class instruction. The CRTS Warrant Officer is the chief disciplinarian.
Training
Recruits are given instruction in military history, customs and courtesies, drill, rifle shooting and maintenance, life saving, military administrative procedures, orienteering and map reading, NBC warfare, military rank structures, insignia recognition, interior economy, and ten days in the field at RNZAF Dip Flat in which the CRTS training is put to the test.
Units and formations of the Royal New Zealand Air Force
Military education and training in New Zealand |
20475305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diogo%20Gomes%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201985%29 | Diogo Gomes (footballer, born 1985) | Diogo Soares Gomes (born September 12, 1985), known as Diogo Gomes, is a Brazilian footballer currently playing for Pro Duta FC.
He previously played for clubs including Académica de Coimbra.
References
1985 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
J. Malucelli Futebol players
Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players
Primeira Liga players
Brazilian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Portugal
Association football midfielders |
20475327 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiyan | Xiyan | Xiyan or Xi Yan may refer to:
Western Yan (384–394), a Xianbei state in North China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period
The Wedding Banquet, a 1993 film by Ang Lee
Xi Yan, a character from David Henry Hwang's play Chinglish
Places in China
Xiyan, Guangxi (西燕), a town in Shanglin County, Guangxi
Xiyan, Hebei (西演), a town in Gaoyang County, Hebei
Xiyan, Hunan (西岩), a town in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Hunan
Xiyan, Yu County (西烟), a town in Yu County, Shanxi
Xiyan Township, Henan, a township in Lingbao, Henan
Xiyan Township, Shanxi (西墕乡), a township in Taiyuan, Shanxi |
26720918 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential%20%28Pet%20Shop%20Boys%20album%29 | Essential (Pet Shop Boys album) | Essential is a 1998 compilation album by Pet Shop Boys, released as a limited edition in the United States by EMI/Capitol and in Japan by Toshiba/EMI. Produced for only six months, early promotional versions of the album had the title Early, as the tracks featured were part of Pet Shop Boys' early catalogue. The album contained remixes as well as album tracks and B-sides. The CD booklet contains an essay written by music journalist and Pet Shop Boys biographer Chris Heath.
While several of the selections had not been available on compact disc prior to its original release, as of 2018, it remains the only official CD appearance of the 7" version of "That's My Impression" (all other reissues and compilations using the "Disco" mix.)
Track listing
Certifications
References
Pet Shop Boys compilation albums
1998 compilation albums |
20475330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undertow%20%281949%20film%29 | Undertow (1949 film) | Undertow is a 1949 American film noir crime film directed by William Castle and starring Scott Brady, John Russell, Dorothy Hart and Peggy Dow. It is the story of an ex-con, a former Chicago mobster, who is accused of the murder of a high-ranking Chicago boss. The movie marks the second film to feature a young Rock Hudson and the first in which he received a film credit for his work.
Plot
Tony Reagan (Scott Brady) was a low-level member of the Chicago syndicate; he was run out of town back then for being involved with the kingpin Big Jim's niece. Seven years later, Reagan has been vacationing in Reno, at a lodge in which he intends to invest with the father of an old army buddy. He bumps into an old friend/former colleague from Chicago named Danny Morgan (John Russell). It turns out they are both hoping to soon be married.
On his way home to Chicago to propose to his girl, Reagan shares the flight with a schoolteacher, Ann McKnight (Peggy Dow), someone he met at a Reno casino and helped win at the gambling table. At the airport, he is met by the police; it seems they have been tipped off that Reagan is looking to stir trouble with Big Jim.
The police put a tail on him, which he shakes on a Chicago elevated train. Reagan meets up with his bride-to-be, Sally Lee (Dorothy Hart). He tells her he will go to Big Jim to make peace. But when the uncle is murdered, Reagan is framed for it.
On the run from both the police and the unknown murderers, Reagan enlists the help of McKnight and an old buddy, Charles Reckling (Bruce Bennett), a detective. They discover the truth: Morgan is also engaged to Sally Lee, and together they are responsible for murdering her uncle and framing Reagan.
Reagan manages to clear himself, however, after which he and McKnight end up in each other's arms, bound for that lodge in Reno.
Cast
Scott Brady as Tony Reagan
John Russell as Danny Morgan
Dorothy Hart as Sally Lee
Peggy Dow as Ann McKnight
Bruce Bennett as Reckling
Gregg Martell as Frost
Robert Anderson as Stoner
Dan Ferniel as Gene (as Daniel Ferniel)
Rock Hudson as Detective (as Roc Hudson)
Charles Sherlock as Cooper
Anne P. Kramer as Clerk (as Ann Pearce)
Robert Easton as Fisher
References
External links
1949 films
1949 drama films
1940s crime thriller films
American crime thriller films
American black-and-white films
Film noir
Films directed by William Castle
Universal Pictures films
1940s English-language films
1940s American films |
26720922 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk%20%28name%29 | Björk (name) | Björk, Björck, Biörck, or Bjork is a Swedish surname meaning birch.
It is also an Icelandic name given to girls, meaning birch, specifically the most common native tree of Iceland, Betula pubescens tortuosa (Arctic downy birch).
Notable people with the name include
Given name
Björk Guðmundsdóttir (born 1965), Icelandic singer
Hera Björk Þórhallsdóttir (born 1972), Icelandic singer
Surname
Alexander Björk (born 1990), Swedish professional golfer
Anders Björck (born 1944), Swedish politician
Anita Björk (1923–2012), Swedish actress
Arne Björk (1911–1996), Swedish dentist
Brant Bjork (born 1973), American musician
Carl-Johan Björk (born 1982), Swedish-born American football player
Cheng Yuk Han Bjork (born 1980), Chinese fencer
Fabian Biörck (1893–1977), Swedish gymnast
Fredrik Björck (born 1979), Swedish footballer
Gottfrid Björck (1893–1981), Swedish Army major general
Hildegard Björck (1847–1920), the first Swedish woman to complete an academic degree
Jakob Björck (1727/28–1793), Swedish portrait painter
Johan Björk (born 1984), Swedish ice hockey player
Nils Björk (1898–1989), Swedish Army lieutenant general
Nina Björk (born 1967), Swedish feminist author
Oscar Björck (1860–1929), Swedish painter
Patrik Björck (born 1957), Swedish politician
Peder Björk (born 1975), Swedish politician
Philip R. Bjork, American geologist
Robert A. Bjork (born 1939), American psychologist
Svante Björck, Swedish geologist
Thed Björk (born 1980), Swedish racing driver
Therese Björk (born 1981), Swedish footballer
Viking Björk (1918–2009), Swedish cardiac surgeon
See also
Björk (disambiguation)
Bjørk, Norwegian equivalent
Birk, Estonian given name and surname
Bajorek, Polish surname
Icelandic feminine given names
Swedish-language surnames |
44505317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOG%20%28gas%20stations%29 | WOG (gas stations) | WOG (West Oil Group) is a gas stations chain in Ukraine consisting of more than 400 Filling stations.
History
In 2000, the first gas station complex under the WOG brand was opened in the village of Tsuman in Volyn.
Filling stations were opened in Kyiv and Odesa (2006), Chernihiv, Zaporizhia, Poltava, Kherson, Luhansk, and Kharkiv regions (2007), Donetsk region (2009), Dnipro (2019).
In 2002, WOG had more than 200 filling stations.
In 2007, the first Sun Market stores appeared at WOG filling stations.
In 2008, WOG started cooperation with the international company Deloitte.
In 2009, WOG launched 100 MUSTANG fuel.
In 2010, the loyalty program for PRIDE regular customers started. The company won a number of tenders for the supply of fuel for large state and international enterprises, including SJSC "Motor Roads of Ukraine", "Ukrposhta", mining and processing plant "MetInvest", "ArcelorMittal", "Energoatom", "Ukrzaliznytsia".
In 2011, the chain had more than 400 filling stations in Ukraine.
In 2013, WOG started sales of diesel fuel of the new generation MUSTANG +.
In 2014, the project "The coffeest coffee" was launched.
The same year WOG held a presentation of a branded gas LPG MUSTANG.
In 2015, WOG Cafe in Kyiv was opened, which operates outside filling stations.
In 2017, the company launched the WOG Pay service, which allows to refuel a car without leaving it; WOG Cafe was opened at Kyiv Airport (Zhulyany).
In 2019, WOG Cafe was opened at the airports of Lviv and Odesa. At the end of the year, there were more than 150 electric chargers in the network, including 37 supercharges.
Chain
Filling stations are represented in 24 regions of Ukraine. As of 2020, the number of employees is 7,000.
Structure
WOG includes 20 oil depots and more than 400 filling stations in Ukraine, 368 WOG Cafe, 245 WOG Market. WOG Cafe is also available at 4 airports in Ukraine (Kyiv (Boryspil, Zhulyany), Odesa, Lviv) and on Intercity and Intercity + Ukrzaliznytsia trains.
Management
WOG belongs to the Continuum fuel and industrial group, which was owned by the main shareholder of WOG Igor Yeremeyev.
After his death in 2015, his children became shareholders of the company together with Stepan Ivakhiv and Sergii Lagur.
In 2018, Mykhailo Romaniv was appointed CEO.
Pavlo Shybaiev is the Head of stores management department WOG.
Production
In autumn 2010, the company began supplying diesel fuel under the Mustang brand. This fuel is imported from refineries in Romania, Greece, Lithuania, Poland, and Belarus.
Awards
2009 — WOG brand is recognized as the most expensive among national brands in the field of "Fuel and Energy" ($ 26.9 million).
2010 — the WOG brand was recognized as the most expensive among national brands in the field of "Fuel and Energy" ($ 33.2 million) according to MPP Consulting.
2010-2014 — winner of the nomination "Chain of gas stations of the year" according to the version of "Choice of the Year" in Ukraine.
2015 — WOG Cafe won the award in the nomination "Innovation of the Year" business award "Private Label 2015".
2016 — the highest capital index of the brand (3.11 - high) according to the marketing research of the international company Nielsen.
2018 — 30 position in the rating "TOP-100 most expensive brands of Ukraine" according to MPP Consulting.
2020 — victory in the nomination "Most Recognizable VTM of the Year" of the National Business Award "Private Label 2020".
Other activities
The company is implementing the charity project "Road of Good" (Ukrainian: Дорога добра) to help purchase and repair of equipment in medical institutions.
In 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the company participated in a joint program with the taxi service Uklon #TaxiForDonor and, with the assistance of the DonorUA and #WorthLife foundations, provided 20,000 donor trips to blood centers.
The same year WOG started providing 6-8 square meters at gas stations for the stands of small and medium-sized businesses within the project "Opening new opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses".
In 2021, the company supported the "Batteries, give up" (Ukrainian: Батарейки, здавайтесь) initiative to collect and recycle used batteries.
References
External links
WOG — official website
Interview with Vladlena Rusina
Zakhar Klyakhin
Yulia Pishachenko
Photo of the station in Kyiv Oblast. Panoramio. / Flickr.
Station futuristic design. Igloo architecture.
Locations of WOG gas stations by GeoDeg.
Convenience stores of Ukraine
Filling stations in Ukraine
Companies based in Lutsk
Energy companies established in 2000
Non-renewable resource companies established in 2000
Retail companies established in 2000
Ukrainian companies established in 2000
Privately held companies based in Volyn Oblast
Privately held companies in Ukraine |
26720925 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogtei%20Rheintal | Vogtei Rheintal | Vogtei Rheintal () was a condominium of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the 15th century until 1798.
Its territory corresponded to the left banks of the Alpine Rhine between Hoher Kasten and Lake Constance, including the towns of Altstätten and Rheineck.
Vogtei Rheintal is presently part of the canton of St. Gallen, specifically and primarily in the constituency of Rheintal.
Establishment
During the Appenzell Wars, the defeat by Appenzell in the Battle of Stoss Pass, 17 June 1405 put an end to the Habsburg expansion (and won Appenzeller independence from the Imperial Abbey of St Gall). Marbach, Berneck and Altstätten allied with Appenzell in the , in the first union of the Rhine Valley from Rheineck to Kriessern. Appenzeller defeat in the Battle of Bregenz three years later brought an end to this new-found liberty and restored the Habsburgs. By 1424, however, the Rhine Valley was largely in the hands of the counts of Toggenburg. After their extinction, Appenzell reconquered the Rheintal with Rheineck in the Old Zürich War in 1445.
In 1464, Appenzell protected the Rheintal from the territorial claims of the prince-abbot of St Gall, particularly in a series of battles at the time of the "Rorschacher Klosterbruch", the for the St Gallerkrieg between 28 July 1489 and the spring of 1490. Nevertheless, Appenzell was forced to cede the governing protectorship of the Valley to the warring powers — the Abbey and the four cantons of Glarus, Lucerne, Schwyz and Zürich — bringing the bailiwick into the ambit of the Old Swiss Confederation as a Gemeine Herrschaft (condominium).
The following year, the were joined by Uri, Unterwalden and Zug in the government of the condominium. Appenzell regained its seat in the governing protectorship in 1500 and Bern. The prince-abbot also sat in the court, in Kriessern.
Swiss Reformation
In 1528, the Swiss Reformation was accepted in the Rheintal; whilst Roman Catholic minorities remained, only Altstätten, Widnau, Kriessern and Rüthi had a Catholic majority. Through the defeat of the Catholic hegemony over Switzerland and the end of the lengthy religious disputes that had riven the Confederacy, the 11 August 1712 Peace of Aarau () established confessional parity, allowing both religions to coexist in legal equality — a concept relatively common to the Holy Roman Empire since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
Independence
In 1798, the Vogtei Rheintal unilaterally declared its independence. In the aftermath of the collapse of the Old Swiss Confederation resulting from the French invasion of Switzerland.
On 26 March 1798, a Landsgemeinde in Altstätten promulgated a constitution and elected both a magistrate () and a council (). Within weeks, however, this nascent independence was quashed with the inclusion of the Rheintal into the Helvetic canton of Säntis, with the exception of Rüthi and Lienz, assigned to Linth.
With Napoleon's Act of Mediation on 19 February 1803, the Helvetic Republic and its cantonal boundaries were abolished, with the Rheintal reunited as a district of the canton of St. Gallen, stretching from Staad to Lienz and with its capital alternating monthly between Altstätten and Rheineck.
References
Former condominiums of Switzerland
Former principalities
1798 disestablishments
Geography of the canton of St. Gallen |
26720926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milpas%20Viejas | Milpas Viejas | Milpas Viejas is a small town in the municipality of Tecuala, Nayarit, Mexico.
It is bordered by the Acaponeta River and is just 2 miles south west of Tecuala. The population according to 2000 Census is 1554 people.
Populated places in Nayarit
Municipalities of Nayarit |
26720927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20John%20Francis%20Strickland | Thomas John Francis Strickland | Thomas John Francis Strickland, known as Abbé Strickland (c.1682–1740) was an English Roman Catholic bishop of Namur and doctor of the Sorbonne.
Biography
He was the fourth son of Sir Thomas Strickland of Sizergh and his second wife, Winifred Trentham, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Christopher Trentham of Rocester Abbey. He was brought up in France, where his family had fled at the Glorious Revolution. His father died at Rouen in 1694. He graduated from the English College, Douai in 1712, and then went to England.
He lived in London for some years, where he endeavoured to effect reconciliation between the English Catholics and the government, but unsuccessfully. All he achieved was the enmity of the Old Pretender and his exiled Court. Notwithstanding his family's long record of loyalty to the Stuarts and the Church, they attacked him as an enemy of the Catholic faith. Strickland in return denounced the Pretender's bigotry.
Strickland was made bishop of Namur in 1727. He resided at Rome for some years as an agent of the English government, and was employed by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, who had high personal regard for him, sent him in 1734 on a mission to England in connection with a vain attempt to create war with France.
He died in Namur in 1740 and was buried in the Cathedral.
References
Attribution
1680s births
1740 deaths
Bishops of Namur |
44505358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantai%20Mieming | Tantai Mieming | Tantai Mieming or Dantai Mieming (; born 512 BC), also known by his courtesy name Ziyu (), was a major disciple of Confucius. He was known for being very ugly, but was morally upright. He started his own school in the Yangtze River region, and became a major transmitter of Confucian thoughts. Confucius initially misjudged him because of his bad looks, but later expressed his regret.
Life
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, Tantai Mieming (Ziyu) was born in 512 BC, 39 years younger than Confucius, but the Kongzi Jiayu says he was 49 years younger.
He was born in Wucheng (Wu City) in the State of Lu, Confucius' native state.
Tantai was known for being exceedingly ugly, and Confucius considered him untalented because of his bad looks, but he proved to be a morally upright person. After graduating from the school of Confucius, he moved south to the Yangtze River region and started his own school with 300 students. He became an important transmitter of Confucian thoughts, and was famous among the rulers of states.
When Confucius learned of Ziyu's success, he remorsefully said: "I used to judge a person by his speech and erred in Zai Yu; I used to judge a person by his appearance and erred in Ziyu."
Honours and memorials
In Confucian temples, Tantai Mieming's spirit tablet is placed in the outer court, beyond those of the Four Assessors and Twelve Wise Ones.
During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong posthumously awarded Tantai Mieming the nobility title of Count of Jiang (江伯). During the Song dynasty, he was further awarded the title of Marquis of Jinxiang (金鄉侯).
According to the Tang dynasty historian Sima Zhen in his Shiji Suoyin, the Tantai (Dantai) Lake () southeast of Suzhou is named after Tantai Mieming.
There is a Tantai Mieming tomb (澹台滅明墓) in Nanchang, Jiangxi province, on the campus of Nanchang No. 2 High School. It has a tombstone erected during the Song dynasty, and was refurbished during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Notes
Bibliography
512 BC births
Year of death unknown
Disciples of Confucius
5th-century BC Chinese philosophers
Philosophers from Lu (state)
5th-century BC Chinese people |
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