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6905141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spur%20%28botany%29 | Spur (botany) | The botanical term “spur” is given to outgrowths of tissue on different plant organs. The most common usage of the term in botany refers to nectar spurs in flowers.
nectar spur
spur (stem)
spur (leaf)
See also
Fascicle
Sepal
Petal
Tepal
Calyx
Corolla
Plant anatomy
Plant morphology |
6905146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolores%20%28Notre-Dame%20des%20Sept%20Douleurs%29 | Dolores (Notre-Dame des Sept Douleurs) | "Dolores", subtitled "Notre-Dame des Sept Douleurs", is a poem by A. C. Swinburne first published in his 1866 Poems and Ballads. The poem, in 440 lines, regards the figure of the titular "Dolores, Our Lady of Pain", thus named at the close of many of its stanzas.
Themes
The speaker of the poem is the voice of a besotted lover, faced with, and lamenting, Swinburne's particular ruthless and grim representation of the sacred feminine, embodied here as the Lady of Pain. In these respects, the poem shares its central themes with "Satia te Sanguine" from the same 1866 collection, as does it similarly share its sadomasochistic imagery with that poem and many others within Swinburne's corpus.
Meter
The poem's meter is a fairly regular anapestic trimeter with some use of iambs and the final line of each stanza containing only two feet. It uses an eight line stanza with the rhyme scheme ABABCDCD and regularly uses feminine rhyme for the A and C rhymes, often rhyming the name "Dolores". A considerable quantity of catalexis is present, but this is fairly regular in its application. The poem, like a number of others by Swinburne, is notable for its use of anapestic verse to create a serious and somber mood rather than the comic effect for which anapests are more commonly encountered in English, as in the limerick.
Controversial aspects
The poem demonstrates most of the controversial themes for which Swinburne became notorious. It conflates the cruel yet libidinous pagan goddess figure of Dolores, the Lady of Pain with Mary, Mother of Jesus and associates the poem itself, through its parenthetical titular text (Notre-Dame des Sept Douleurs, i.e., "Our Lady of Seven Sorrows") with the Seven Dolours of the Virgin. It laments the passing of the worship of classical deities in favour of Christian morality (277 What ailed us, O gods, to desert you | For creeds that refuse and restrain?), a theme more fully elaborated in Swinburne's "Hymn to Proserpine". Finally, sadomasochistic themes and characteristics are attributed to the Lady of Pain throughout (397 I could hurt thee — but pain would delight thee, etc.)
Related works
The poem was parodied in 1872 by Arthur Clement Hilton, then a student at Cambridge, in his poem "Octopus", which substitutes the character of the Lady of Pain for that of the titular mollusc. Where Swinburne begins his poem, in describing the Lady of Pain, "Cold eyelids that hide like a jewel | Hard eyes that grow soft for an hour", Hilton begins "Strange beauty, eight-limbed and eight-handed, | Whence camest to dazzle our eyes?".
The Planescape campaign setting of Dungeons & Dragons features a character called the Lady of Pain, which may have been inspired by the poem's central character.
The short comics story "How They Met Themselves", by Neil Gaiman (originally published in Vertigo: Winter's Edge #3, reprinted in Absolute Sandman Volume III, pp. 510-519), tells how Swinburne wrote the poem after meeting Desire, who only told him that its name begins with a "D".
In his book Dylan's Visions of Sin, literary critic Christopher Ricks shows many parallels and a possible influence on Bob Dylan's song "Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands".
The fourth stanza of the poem was read by the character Persephone in a cinematic in the MMORG The Matrix Online.
See also
Poems and Ballads
Decadent movement
"Hymn to Proserpine"
"The Triumph of Time"
External links
Text and Commentary
Hilton's "Octopus"
British poems
1866 poems
Works by Algernon Charles Swinburne |
20474388 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lax%E2%80%93Friedrichs%20method | Lax–Friedrichs method | The Lax–Friedrichs method, named after Peter Lax and Kurt O. Friedrichs, is a numerical method for the solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations based on finite differences. The method can be described as the FTCS (forward in time, centered in space) scheme with a numerical dissipation term of 1/2. One can view the Lax–Friedrichs method as an alternative to Godunov's scheme, where one avoids solving a Riemann problem at each cell interface, at the expense of adding artificial viscosity.
Illustration for a Linear Problem
Consider a one-dimensional, linear hyperbolic partial differential equation for of the form:
on the domain
with initial condition
and the boundary conditions
If one discretizes the domain to a grid with equally spaced points with a spacing of in the -direction and in the -direction, we define
where
are integers representing the number of grid intervals. Then the Lax–Friedrichs method for solving the above partial differential equation is given by:
Or, rewriting this to solve for the unknown
Where the initial values and boundary nodes are taken from
Extensions to Nonlinear Problems
A nonlinear hyperbolic conservation law is defined through a flux function :
In the case of , we end up with a scalar linear problem. Note that in general, is a vector with equations in it.
The generalization of the Lax-Friedrichs method to nonlinear systems takes the form
This method is conservative and first order accurate, hence quite dissipative. It can, however be used as a building block for building high-order numerical schemes for solving hyperbolic partial differential equations, much like Euler time steps can be used as a building block for creating high-order numerical integrators for ordinary differential equations.
We note that this method can be written in conservation form:
where
Without the extra terms and in the discrete flux, , one ends up with the FTCS scheme, which is well known to be unconditionally unstable for hyperbolic problems.
Stability and accuracy
This method is explicit and first order accurate in time and first order accurate in space ( provided are sufficiently-smooth functions. Under these conditions, the method is stable if and only if the following condition is satisfied:
(A von Neumann stability analysis can show the necessity of this stability condition.) The Lax–Friedrichs method is classified as having second-order dissipation and third order dispersion . For functions that have discontinuities, the scheme displays strong dissipation and dispersion ; see figures at right.
References
.
.
.
Numerical differential equations
Computational fluid dynamics |
23577014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimberamala%20River | Bimberamala River | Bimberamala River, a perennial river of the Clyde River catchment, is located in the Southern Tablelands and the upper ranges of the South Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Bimberamala River rises below Mount Budawang, on the eastern slopes of the Budawang Range, part of the Great Dividing Range and within Budawang National Park. The river generally flows northeast, then south, then east northeast, and finally north northeast, through Bimberamala National Park and Yadbro State Forest, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its confluence with the Clyde River, north of the village of Brooman. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
Southern Tablelands |
44504271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucia%20Lin | Lucia Lin | Lucia Lin () is a Taiwanese academic administrator and politician. She was the Political Deputy Minister of Education from August 2014 until May 2016.
Education
Lin obtained her bachelor's and master's degrees from National Taiwan University in 1986 and 1989, respectively. She obtained another master's degree in education from Harvard University in the United States (US) in 1990. And finally she obtained her doctoral degree in instructional systems from Florida State University in the US in 1992.
Early career
Lin has held several positions in Fu Jen Catholic University, such as chair of the Graduate Institute of Education Leadership and Development from 2000 to 2005, vice president of Administrative Affairs from 2006 to 2008, dean of the College of Education in 2011 and vice president of Academic Affairs from 2008 to 2012. She was the president of Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages from 2013 to 2014.
References
Living people
Taiwanese Ministers of Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education alumni
National Taiwan University alumni
Florida State University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) |
20474397 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Quentin%20%28cricketer%29 | George Quentin (cricketer) | George Augustus Frederick Quentin (3 November 1848 — 6 May 1928) was an Indian-born English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm round-arm bowler who played for Gloucestershire. He was born in Kirkee, became an Anglican priest, and died in St. Leonards-on-Sea.
Life
He was the eldest son of George Augustus Frederick Quentin of the 10th Hussars and Kirkee (son of Sir George Quentin), and his wife Anne Medlycott. Educated at Shrewsbury School, he graduated B.A. at St. John's College, Oxford in 1872. He was ordained in 1877, and became rector of Shipdham in Norfolk in 1884.
Cricket
Quentin made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 1874 season, against Yorkshire. From the lower-middle order, he scored 22 runs in the only innings in which he batted, becoming one of future England Test cricketer George Ulyett's five wickets.
References
External links
George Quentin at Cricket Archive
1848 births
1928 deaths
19th-century English Anglican priests
20th-century English Anglican priests
English cricketers
Gloucestershire cricketers
People from Pune district
People educated at Shrewsbury School
Alumni of St John's College, Oxford
People from Shipdham |
20474419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Rutherford | Ken Rutherford | Ken Rutherford may refer to:
Ken Rutherford (political scientist) (born 1962), co-founder of the Landmine Survivors Network; political science researcher
Ken Rutherford (cricketer) (born 1965), New Zealand cricketer |
17337043 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse%20panbronchiolitis | Diffuse panbronchiolitis | Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is an inflammatory lung disease of unknown cause. It is a severe, progressive form of bronchiolitis, an inflammatory condition of the bronchioles (small air passages in the lungs). The term diffuse signifies that lesions appear throughout both lungs, while panbronchiolitis refers to inflammation found in all layers of the respiratory bronchioles (those involved in gas exchange). DPB causes severe inflammation and nodule-like lesions of terminal bronchioles, chronic sinusitis, and intense coughing with large amounts of sputum production.
The disease is believed to occur when there is susceptibility, or a lack of immune system resistance, to DPB-causing bacteria or viruses, caused by several genes that are found predominantly in individuals of East Asian descent. The highest incidence occurs among Japanese people, followed by Koreans. DPB occurs more often in males and usually begins around age 40. It was recognized as a distinct new disease in the early 1960s and was formally named diffuse panbronchiolitis in 1969.
If left untreated, DPB progresses to bronchiectasis, an irreversible lung condition that involves enlargement of the bronchioles, and pooling of mucus in the bronchiolar passages. Daily treatment of DPB with macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin eases symptoms and increases survival time, but the disease currently has no known cure. The eventual result of DPB can be respiratory failure and heart problems.
Classification
The term "bronchiolitis" generally refers to inflammation of the bronchioles. DPB is classified as a form of "primary bronchiolitis", which means that the underlying cause of bronchiolitis is originating from or is confined to the bronchioles. Along with DPB, additional forms of primary bronchiolitis include bronchiolitis obliterans, follicular bronchiolitis, respiratory bronchiolitis, mineral dust airway disease, and a number of others. Unlike DPB, bronchiolitis that is not considered "primary" would be associated with diseases of the larger airways, such as chronic bronchitis.
Signs and symptoms
Symptoms of DPB include chronic sinusitis (inflamed paranasal sinuses), wheezing, crackles (respiratory sounds made by obstructions such as phlegm and secretions in the lungs), dyspnea (shortness of breath), and a severe cough that yields large amounts of sputum (coughed-up phlegm). There may be pus in the sputum, and affected individuals may have fever. Typical signs of DPB progression include dilation (enlargement) of the bronchiolar passages and hypoxemia (low levels of oxygen in the blood). If DPB is left untreated, bronchiectasis will occur; it is characterized by dilation and thickening of the walls of the bronchioles, inflammatory damage to respiratory and terminal bronchioles, and pooling of mucus in the lungs. DPB is associated with progressive respiratory failure, hypercapnia (increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood), and can eventually lead to pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the pulmonary vein and artery) and cor pulmonale (dilation of the right ventricle of the heart, or "right heart failure").
Cause
DPB is idiopathic, which means an exact physiological, environmental, or pathogenic cause of the disease is unknown. However, several factors are suspected to be involved with its pathogenesis (the way in which the disease works).
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large genomic region found in most vertebrates that is associated with the immune system. It is located on chromosome 6 in humans. A subset of MHC in humans is human leukocyte antigen (HLA), which controls the antigen-presenting system, as part of adaptive immunity against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. When human cells are infected by a pathogen, some of them can present parts of the pathogen's proteins on their surfaces; this is called "antigen presentation". The infected cells then become targets for types of cytotoxic T-cells, which kill the infected cells so they can be removed from the body.
Genetic predisposition for DPB susceptibility has been localized to two HLA haplotypes (a nucleotide or gene sequence difference between paired chromosomes, that is more likely to occur among a common ethnicity or trait) common to people of East Asian descent. HLA-B54 is associated with DPB in the Japanese, while HLA-A11 is associated with the disease in Koreans. Several genes within this region of class I HLA are believed to be responsible for DPB, by allowing increased susceptibility to the disease. The common genetic background and similarities in the HLA profile of affected Japanese and Korean individuals were considered in the search for a DPB gene. It was suggested that a mutation of a suspected disease-susceptibility gene located somewhere between HLA-B and HLA-A had occurred on an ancestral chromosome carrying both HLA-B54 and HLA-A11. Further, it is possible that a number of genetic recombination events around the disease locus (location on a chromosome) could have resulted in the disease being associated with HLA-B54 in the Japanese and HLA-A11 in Koreans. After further study, it was concluded that a DPB susceptibility gene is located near the HLA-B locus at chromosome 6p21.3. Within this area, the search for a genetic cause of the disease has continued.
Because many genes belonging to HLA remain unidentified, positional cloning (a method used to identify a specific gene, when only its location on a chromosome is known) has been used to determine that a mucin-like gene is associated with DPB. In addition, diseases caused by identified HLA genes in the DPB-susceptibility region have been investigated. One of these, bare lymphocyte syndrome I (BLS I), exhibits a number of similarities with DPB in those affected, including chronic sinusitis, bronchiolar inflammation and nodules, and the presence of H. influenzae. Also like DPB, BLS I responds favorably to erythromycin therapy by showing a resolution of symptoms. The similarities between these two diseases, the corresponding success with the same mode of treatment, and the fact that the gene responsible for BLS I is located within the DPB-causing area of HLA narrows the establishment of a gene responsible for DPB. Environmental factors such as inhaling toxic fumes and cigarette smoking are not believed to play a role in DPB, and unknown environmental and other non-genetic causes—such as unidentified bacteria or viruses—have not been ruled out.
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a progressive multi-system lung disease, has been considered in the search for a genetic cause of DPB. This is for a number of reasons. CF, like DPB, causes severe lung inflammation, abundant mucus production, infection, and shows a genetic predominance among Caucasians of one geographic group to the rarity of others; whereas DPB dominates among East Asians, CF mainly affects individuals of European descent. While no gene has been implicated as the cause of DPB, mutation in a specific gene—much more likely to occur in Europeans—causes CF. This mutation in the CF-causing gene is not a factor in DPB, but a unique polymorphism (variation) in this gene is known to occur in many Asians not necessarily affected by either disease. It is being investigated whether this gene in any state of mutation could contribute to DPB.
Pathophysiology
Inflammation is a normal part of the human immune response, whereby leukocytes (white blood cells), including neutrophils (white blood cells that specialize in causing inflammation), gather, and chemokines (proteins released from certain cells, which activate or elicit a response from other cells) accumulate at any location in the body where bacterial or viral infections occur. Inflammation interferes with the activity of bacteria and viruses, and serves to clear them from the body. In DPB, bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause the proliferation of inflammatory cells into the bronchiolar tissues. However, when neither bacteria are present with DPB, the inflammation continues for an as yet unknown reason. In either circumstance, inflammation in DPB can be so severe that nodules containing inflammatory cells form in the walls of the bronchioles. The presence of inflammation and infection in the airways also results in the production of excess mucus, which must be coughed up as sputum. The combination of inflammation, nodule development, infection, mucus, and frequent cough contributes to the breathing difficulties in DPB.
The fact that inflammation in DPB persists with or without the presence of P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae provides a means to determine several mechanisms of DPB pathogenesis. Leukotrienes are eicosanoids, signaling molecules made from essential fatty acids, which play a role in many lung diseases by causing the proliferation of inflammatory cells and excess mucus production in the airways. In DPB and other lung diseases, the predominant mediator of neutrophil-related inflammation is leukotriene B4, which specializes in neutrophil proliferation via chemotaxis (the movement of some types of cells toward or away from certain molecules).
Inflammation in DPB is also caused by the chemokine MIP-1alpha and its involvement with CD8+ T cells. Beta defensins, a family of antimicrobial peptides found in the respiratory tract, are responsible for further inflammation in DPB when a pathogen such as P. aeruginosa is present. If present with DPB, the human T-lymphotropic virus, type I, a retrovirus, modifies DPB pathogenesis by infecting T helper cells and altering their effectiveness in recognizing the presence of known or unknown pathogens involved with DPB.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of DPB requires analysis of the lungs and bronchiolar tissues, which can require a lung biopsy, or the more preferred high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan of the lungs. The diagnostic criteria include severe inflammation in all layers of the respiratory bronchioles and lung tissue lesions that appear as nodules within the terminal and respiratory bronchioles in both lungs. The nodules in DPB appear as opaque lumps when viewed on X-rays of the lung, and can cause airway obstruction, which is evaluated by a pulmonary function test, or PFT. Lung X-rays can also reveal dilation of the bronchiolar passages, another sign of DPB. HRCT scans often show blockages of some bronchiolar passages with mucus, which is referred to as the "tree-in-bud" pattern. Hypoxemia, another sign of breathing difficulty, is revealed by measuring the oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the blood, using a blood test called arterial blood gas. Other findings observed with DPB include the proliferation of lymphocytes (white blood cells that fight infection), neutrophils, and foamy histiocytes (tissue macrophages) in the lung lining. Bacteria such as H. influenzae and P. aeruginosa are also detectable, with the latter becoming more prominent as the disease progresses. The white blood, bacterial and other cellular content of the blood can be measured by taking a complete blood count (CBC). Elevated levels of IgG and IgA (classes of immunoglobulins) may be seen, as well as the presence of rheumatoid factor (an indicator of autoimmunity). Hemagglutination, a clumping of red blood cells in response to the presence of antibodies in the blood, may also occur. Neutrophils, beta-defensins, leukotrienes, and chemokines can also be detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid injected then removed from the bronchiolar airways of individuals with DPB, for evaluation.
Differential diagnosis
In the differential diagnosis (finding the correct diagnosis between diseases that have overlapping features) of some obstructive lung diseases, DPB is often considered. A number of DPB symptoms resemble those found with other obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Wheezing, coughing with sputum production, and shortness of breath are common symptoms in such diseases, and obstructive respiratory functional impairment is found on pulmonary function testing. Cystic fibrosis, like DPB, causes severe lung inflammation, excess mucus production, and infection; but DPB does not cause disturbances of the pancreas nor the electrolytes, as does CF, so the two diseases are different and probably unrelated. DPB is distinguished by the presence of lesions that appear on X-rays as nodules in the bronchioles of both lungs; inflammation in all tissue layers of the respiratory bronchioles; and its higher prevalence among individuals with East Asian lineage.
DPB and bronchiolitis obliterans are two forms of primary bronchiolitis. Specific overlapping features of both diseases include strong cough with large amounts of often pus-filled sputum; nodules viewable on lung X-rays in the lower bronchi and bronchiolar area; and chronic sinusitis. In DPB, the nodules are more restricted to the respiratory bronchioles, while in OB they are often found in the membranous bronchioles (the initial non-cartilaginous section of the bronchiole, that divides from the tertiary bronchus) up to the secondary bronchus. OB is a bronchiolar disease with worldwide prevalence, while DPB has more localized prevalence, predominantly in Japan. Prior to clinical recognition of DPB in recent years, it was often misdiagnosed as bronchiectasia, COPD, IPF, phthisis miliaris, sarcoidosis or alveolar cell carcinoma.
Treatment
Macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin, are an effective treatment for DPB when taken regularly over an extended period of time. Clarithromycin or roxithromycin are also commonly used. The successful results of macrolides in DPB and similar lung diseases stems from managing certain symptoms through immunomodulation (adjusting the immune response), which can be achieved by taking the antibiotics in low doses. Treatment consists of daily oral administration of erythromycin for two to three years, an extended period that has been shown to dramatically improve the effects of DPB. This is apparent when an individual undergoing treatment for DPB, among a number of disease-related remission criteria, has a normal neutrophil count detected in BAL fluid, and blood gas (an arterial blood test that measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood) readings show that free oxygen in the blood is within the normal range. Allowing a temporary break from erythromycin therapy in these instances has been suggested, to reduce the formation of macrolide-resistant P. aeruginosa. However, DPB symptoms usually return, and treatment would need to be resumed. Although highly effective, erythromycin may not prove successful in all individuals with the disease, particularly if macrolide-resistant P. aeruginosa is present or previously untreated DPB has progressed to the point where respiratory failure is occurring.
With erythromycin therapy in DPB, great reduction in bronchiolar inflammation and damage is achieved through suppression of not only neutrophil proliferation, but also lymphocyte activity and obstructive mucus and water secretions in airways. The antibiotic effects of macrolides are not involved in their beneficial effects toward reducing inflammation in DPB. This is evident because the treatment dosage is much too low to fight infection, and in DPB cases with the occurrence of macrolide-resistant P. aeruginosa, erythromycin therapy still reduces inflammation.
A number of factors are involved in suppression of inflammation by erythromycin and other macrolides. They are especially effective at inhibiting the proliferation of neutrophils, by diminishing the ability of interleukin 8 and leukotriene B4 to attract them. Macrolides also reduce the efficiency of adhesion molecules that allow neutrophils to stick to bronchiolar tissue linings. Mucus production in the airways is a major culprit in the morbidity and mortality of DPB and other respiratory diseases. The significant reduction of inflammation in DPB attributed to erythromycin therapy also helps to inhibit the production of excess mucus.
Prognosis
Untreated DPB leads to bronchiectasis, respiratory failure, and death. A journal report from 1983 indicated that untreated DPB had a five-year survival rate of 62.1%, while the 10-year survival rate was 33.2%. With erythromycin treatment, individuals with DPB now have a much longer life expectancy due to better management of symptoms, delay of progression, and prevention of associated infections like P. aeruginosa. The 10-year survival rate for treated DPB is about 90%. In DPB cases where treatment has resulted in significant improvement, which sometimes happens after about two years, treatment has been allowed to end for a while. However, individuals allowed to stop treatment during this time are closely monitored. As DPB has been proven to recur, erythromycin therapy must be promptly resumed once disease symptoms begin to reappear. In spite of the improved prognosis when treated, DPB currently has no known cure.
Epidemiology
DPB has its highest prevalence among the Japanese, at 11 per 100,000 population. Korean, Chinese, and Thai individuals with the disease have been reported as well. A genetic predisposition among East Asians is suggested. The disease is more common in males, with the male to female ratio at 1.4–2:1 (or about 5 men to 3 women). The average onset of the disease is around age 40, and two-thirds of those affected are non-smokers, although smoking is not believed to be a cause. The presence of HLA-Bw54 increases the risk of diffuse panbronchiolitis 13.3-fold.
In Europe and the Americas, a relatively small number of DPB cases have been reported in Asian immigrants and residents, as well as in individuals of non-Asian ancestry. Misdiagnosis has occurred in the West owing to less recognition of the disease than in Asian countries. Relative to the large number of Asians living in the west, the small number of them thought to be affected by DPB suggests non-genetic factors may play some role in its cause. This rarity seen in Western Asians may also be partly associated with misdiagnosis.
History
In the early 1960s, a relatively new chronic lung disease was being observed and described by physicians in Japan. In 1969, the name "diffuse panbronchiolitis" was introduced to distinguish it from chronic bronchitis, emphysema, alveolitis, and other obstructive lung disease with inflammation. Between 1978 and 1980, the results of a nationwide survey initiated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan revealed more than 1,000 probable cases of DPB, with 82 histologically confirmed. By the 1980s, it was internationally recognized as a distinct disease of the lungs.
Before the 1980s, the prognosis or expected outcome of DPB was poor, especially in cases with superinfection (the emergence of a new viral or bacterial infection, in addition to the currently occurring infection) by P. aeruginosa. DPB continued to have a very high mortality rate before generalized antibiotic treatment and oxygen therapy were beginning to be used routinely in the effort to manage symptoms. Around 1985, when long-term treatment with the antibiotic erythromycin became the standard for managing DPB, the prognosis significantly improved. In 1990, the association of DPB with HLA was initially asserted.
References
External links
Genetic disorders with OMIM but no gene
Rare diseases
Respiratory diseases |
26720372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Canova | Giovanni Canova | Giovanni Canova (27 July 1880 – 28 October 1960) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics and a bronze at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
References
1880 births
1960 deaths
People from Canicattì
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from the Province of Agrigento |
20474498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/456th%20Fighter-Interceptor%20Squadron | 456th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron | The 456th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command San Francisco Air Defense Sector stationed at Oxnard Air Force Base, California. It was inactivated on 18 July 1968.
History
World War II
It was established in late 1944 as a very long range Republic P-47N Thunderbolt fighter squadron. It trained under III Fighter Command. The 456th was deployed to Pacific Theater of Operations, and assigned to XXI Bomber Command as a long-range escort squadron for B-29 Superfortress bombers engaged in the strategic bombardment of Japan, based on Iwo Jima. After the Japanese capitulation, it was moved to Luzon where the squadron was demobilized; the P-47Ns were returned to storage depots in the United States. It was inactivated as a paper unit in 1946.
Cold War Air Defense
It was reactivated in 1954 under Air Defense Command as an air defense interceptor squadron, and stationed at Truax Field, Wisconsin for the air defense of the Great Lakes. It was equipped with North American F-86D Sabres. In August 1955 the unit was inactivated, and was reactivated at Castle Air Force Base, California in October 1955 with North American F-86D Sabres. In 1957 it began re-equipping with the North American North American F-86L Sabre, an improved version of the F-86D which incorporated the Semi Automatic Ground Environment, or SAGE computer-controlled direction system for intercepts. The service of the F-86L was brief, since by the time the last F-86L conversion was delivered, the type was already being phased out in favor of supersonic interceptors.
The squadron upgraded in June 1958 into supersonic Convair F-102A Delta Daggers. In September 1959 it received Convair F-106 Delta Darts.
On 22 October 1962, before President John F. Kennedy told Americans that missiles were in place in Cuba, the squadron dispersed one third of its force, equipped with nuclear tipped missiles to Fresno Air Terminal at the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis. These planes returned to Castle after the crisis.
The squadron moved to Oxnard Air Force Base, California on 18 July 1968 and was inactivated the same day, transferring its mission, personnel and equipment to the 437th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron.
Lineage
Constituted as the 456th Fighter Squadron on 5 October 1944
Activated on 15 October 1944
Inactivated on 25 August 1946
Redesignated 456th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 23 March 1953
Activated on 8 August 1954
Inactivated on 18 August 1955
Activated on 18 October 1955
Inactivated on 18 July 1968
Assignments
414th Fighter Group, 15 October 1944 – 25 August 1946
520th Air Defense Group, 8 August 1954 – 18 August 1955
28th Air Division, 18 October 1955
San Francisco Air Defense Sector, 1 July 1960 – 18 July 1968
Stations
Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina, 15 October 1944
Selfridge Field, Michigan, 21 November 1944
Bluethenthal Field, North Carolina, 19 March – 5 June 1945
North Field, Iwo Jima, 7 July 1945
Clark Field, Luzon, Philippines, 23 December 1945
Floridablanca Airfield, Luzon, Philippines, unknown-25 August 1946
Truax Field, Wisconsin, 8 August 1954 – 18 August 1955
Castle Air Force Base, California, 18 October 1955 – 18 July 1968
Oxnard Air Force Base, California, 18 July 1968
Aircraft
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, 1944–1946
North American F-86D Sabre, 1954–1955; 1955–1957
North American F-86L Sabre, 1957–1958
Convair F-102 Delta Dagger, 1958–1959
Convair F-106 Delta Dart, 1959–1968
References
Notes
Explanatory notes
Citations
Bibliography
– Formerly Confidential, declassified 22 March 2000.
– Formerly Top Secret NOFORN, declassified 9 March 1996.
External links
The 456th Fighter Interceptor Squadron at 456FIS.org
Fighter squadrons of the United States Air Force
Aerospace Defense Command units |
26720379 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex%20Trembach | Alex Trembach | Alex Trembach (born 7 July 1986) is an Israeli sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres.
He competed at the 2008 World Indoor Championships without reaching the final.
His personal best times are 6.69 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor), achieved in February 2008 in Chişinău; and 10.57 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in June 2008 in Haifa. Also in 2008 he was suspended for 2 years after testing positive for Norandrosterone.
References
1986 births
Living people
Israeli male sprinters
Doping cases in athletics
Israeli sportspeople in doping cases |
6905157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s%20Impossible%20%28album%29 | It's Impossible (album) | It's Impossible is Perry Como's 19th 12" long-play album released by RCA Records.
After the surprise chart success of the single It's Impossible, this album was quickly recorded in order to issue an LP featuring the hit song. These selections primarily focus on contemporary pop/rock ballads of 1969-1970 first recorded by top chart artists such as The Beatles, Simon and Garfunkel, The Carpenters, B. J. Thomas, Anne Murray and The Partridge Family.
Track listing
Side one
"It's Impossible" (Music by Armando Manzanero)
"Raindrops Keep Fallin' On My Head" (Music by Burt Bacharach and lyrics by Hal David)
"Something" (Words and Music by George Harrison)
"Snowbird" (Words and Music by Gene MacLellan)
"A House Is Not a Home" (Music by Burt Bacharach and lyrics by Hal David)
Side two
"Everybody Is Looking for an Answer" (Words and Music by Evangeline Seward)
"El Condor Pasa" (Original English lyrics by Paul Simon)
"(They Long to Be) Close to You" (Music by Burt Bacharach and lyrics by Hal David)
"I Think I Love You" (Words and Music by Tony Romeo)
"We've Only Just Begun" (Words and Music by Paul Williams and Roger Nichols)
References
External links
Perry Como Discography
Perry Como albums
1970 albums
Albums produced by Don Costa
RCA Victor albums |
20474500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9gory%20Sertic | Grégory Sertic | Grégory Sertic (; born 5 August 1989) is a French retired professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.
Club career
Bordeaux
Born in Brétigny-sur-Orge, Essonne of Croatian descent, Sertic joined FC Girondins de Bordeaux's youth system at the age of 15, from the famed INF Clairefontaine academy. During the 2007–08 season, spent in the Championnat de France Amateur with the senior reserves, he earned praise from first team manager Laurent Blanc.
Sertic made his debut in Ligue 1 on 29 April 2009, starting in a 3–2 away win against Stade Rennais FC. His maiden competitive appearance had taken place on 11 November of the previous year, in the 4–2 home victory over En Avant de Guingamp in the round of 16 of the Coupe de la Ligue where he came on as a late substitute. His first goal in the former competition was scored in only his second appearance, helping the hosts defeat FC Sochaux-Montbéliard 3–0.
For the 2010–11 season, Sertic was loaned to fellow league club RC Lens.
Marseille
On 30 January 2017, Sertic signed a three-and-a-half-year contract with Olympique de Marseille. During his spell at the Stade Vélodrome, he played sparingly due to an anterior cruciate ligament injury.
In February 2019, Sertic moved to FC Zürich of the Swiss Super League until the end of the season. He announced his retirement in November 2020 at the age of 31, and immediately started working as a pundit for Canal+.
International career
On 25 May 2009, Sertic was called up for the first time to the France under-21 side which was due to participate in that year's Toulon Tournament. He made his debut in the competition on 6 June, playing 36 minutes in the 1–0 group stage defeat of Portugal.
Sertic was granted Croatian citizenship in March 2013, as his paternal grandfather was a native of Brinje who moved to the French capital. However, FIFA did not allow him to play for that national team due to new rules about naturalisation of players.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Bordeaux
Ligue 1: 2008–09
Coupe de France: 2012–13
Coupe de la Ligue: 2008–09
Trophée des Champions: 2009
References
External links
Bordeaux official profile
Marseille official profile
1989 births
Living people
People from Brétigny-sur-Orge
French people of Croatian descent
French footballers
Footballers from Essonne
Association football midfielders
France under-21 international footballers
Ligue 1 players
Championnat National 2 players
Championnat National 3 players
Swiss Super League players
ES Viry-Châtillon players
INF Clairefontaine players
FC Girondins de Bordeaux players
RC Lens players
Olympique de Marseille players
FC Zürich players
French expatriate footballers
French expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland |
26720392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercell%20%28disambiguation%29 | Supercell (disambiguation) | A supercell is a thunderstorm with a deep, persistently rotating updraft.
Supercell may also refer to:
Supercell (crystal), a repeating unit cell of a crystal that contains several primitive cells
Supercell (mobile network), a mobile phone network in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo
Supercell (video game company), a Finnish video game company
Supercell (band), a Japanese 11-member music group
Supercell (album), the band's debut album
Supercell (film), an upcoming American disaster film |
23577016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birrie%20River | Birrie River | Birrie River, a perennial river that is part of the Upper Darling catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the north-west slopes region of New South Wales, Australia.
The river leaves the Bokhara River, about north–east of the village of Goodooga, and flows generally south and west, joined by three minor tributaries before reaching its confluence with the Culgoa River, north–east of Bourke and north–west of Brewarrina; descending over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Tributaries of the Darling River |
23577025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnificent%20Corpses | Magnificent Corpses | Magnificent Corpses: Searching Through Europe for St. Peter's Head, St. Claire's Heart, St. Stephen's Hand, and Other Saintly Relics (1999) is a book written by Anneli Rufus, concerning relics enshrined in Europe's churches and cathedrals. Rufus relates the stories behind the saints memorialized and the history of relic veneration. As a non-Catholic, she also describes her experiences of visiting the reliquaries of various saints and the pilgrims that still visit them.
In his review for Salon.com, Frank Browning stated: "Rufus not only tells us the saintly lore, she leads us into the chapels to join the pierced punkers, the helmeted bikers, the terrified children she finds contemplating the holy body parts. Her prose is spare; she allows the scenes to make their own commentary..."
See also
Pilgrim
Pilgrimage
Relic
Veneration of the dead
External links
Salon.com review
1999 non-fiction books
Christian relics |
23577033 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blicks%20River | Blicks River | Blicks River, a perennial stream that is part of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Blicks River is formed through the confluence of Majors Creek and Little Falls Creek, below Majors Point, within the Great Dividing Range, northeast of the village of Ebor. The river flows generally north, east by north, and then east, reaching its confluence with the Nymboida River, north of Dorrigo. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands |
23577044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobo%20River | Bobo River | Bobo River, a mostly perennial stream of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Bobo River rises on the western slopes of Mount Wondurrigah, within the Great Dividing Range, near Tallwood Point. The river flows generally northwest and north, before reaching its confluence with the Little Nymboida River, near Moleton, within the Cascade National Park. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands |
17337055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla%20de%20Luzon | Isla de Luzon | Isla de Luzon is Spanish for "Island of Luzon", ad may refer to:
The island of Luzon in the Philippines.
Isla de Luzon, a Spanish Navy second-class protected cruiser that fought in the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War.
USS Isla de Luzon, a U.S. Navy gunboat. |
17337082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Jam%20%28video%20game%29 | Space Jam (video game) | Space Jam is a sports video game that ties in with the film of the same name, and based on Looney Tunes characters by Warner Bros. It was released for the Sony PlayStation and Sega Saturn consoles, and MS-DOS computers. Unlike the film and real rules of basketball, each team plays 3-on-3. Players have a choice whether to play as the TuneSquad or the Monstars. It features basic controls and 2D graphics. The game was developed by Sculptured Software, who also developed the Looney Tunes-based basketball game Looney Tunes B-Ball for Sunsoft the year prior to the production of the Space Jam film, and published by Acclaim Entertainment, who also published the NBA Jam series of basketball games.
Gameplay
Before the actual game of basketball begins, Daffy Duck takes part in a game where he has to find parts of Michael Jordan's uniform, avoiding the family dog Charles. In-between quarters, mini-games such as Shoot Out, Space Race, and Hall of Hijinx are available; after the 2nd quarter, Bugs takes part in a minigame where he has to find water bottles containing Michael's secret stuff.
Reception
Space Jam received unfavorable reviews, with critics generally commenting that the basketball is overly simplistic and easy. Some attributed this to the unbalanced characters, stating that Michael Jordan is overpowered and the Monstars are all underpowered. Most found the mini-games to be poor. The graphics were also criticized, with many critics saying they could have been done on 16-bit consoles, though the depictions of the popular Looney Tunes characters were praised.
GamePro described the game as "ordinary". GameSpots Tom Ham stated that "despite the use of much-loved Warner Bros. cartoon characters, Space Jam fails miserably in every category." Dan Hsu and Crispin Boyer of Electronic Gaming Monthly also panned the game, while their co-reviewers Shawn Smith and Sushi-X defended it, arguing that it was clearly designed for children, making the simplistic gameplay and low difficulty appropriate for its target audience. A reviewer for Next Generation countered this argument by pointing out that it uses one more button than NBA Jam does, which he felt made it too complicated for young players. He remarked that "While it's hard to forgive the poor basketball, it's even harder to like Space Jam given the disc's numerous carnival style mini games ... They add some variety, but are so simplistic that the effort put into creating them would have been much better spent on improving the core game." Sega Saturn Magazines Lee Nutter felt that Space Jam was decent as a multiplayer game, but fell short of other basketball games on the market, most notably Acclaim and Sculptured Software's own NBA Jam Extreme.
References
External links
Cultural depictions of Michael Jordan
1996 video games
Acclaim Entertainment games
Basketball video games
Crossover video games
DOS games
Minigame compilations
Video games based on Looney Tunes
PlayStation (console) games
Sega Saturn games
Video games based on films
Video games based on real people
Space Jam
Cartoon Network video games
Video games developed in the United States
Multiplayer and single-player video games |
6905166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimeji | Shimeji | Shimeji (Japanese: , or ) is a group of edible mushrooms native to East Asia, but also found in northern Europe. Hon-shimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji) is a mycorrhizal fungus and difficult to cultivate. Other species are saprotrophs, and buna-shimeji (Hypsizygus tesselatus) is now widely cultivated. Shimeji is rich in umami-tasting compounds such as guanylic acid, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid.
Species
Several species are sold as shimeji mushrooms. All are saprotrophic except Lyophyllum shimeji.
Mycorrhizal
Hon-shimeji (), Lyophyllum shimeji
The cultivation methods have been patented by several groups, such as Takara Bio and Yamasa, and the cultivated hon-shimeji is available from several manufacturers in Japan.
Saprotrophic
Buna-shimeji (, lit. beech shimeji), Hypsizygus tessellatus, also known in English as the brown beech or brown clamshell mushroom
Hypsizygus marmoreus is a synonym of Hypsizygus tessellatus. Cultivation of Buna-shimeji was first patented by Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. in 1972 as hon-shimeji and the production started in 1973 in Japan. Now, several breeds are widely cultivated and sold fresh in markets.
Bunapi-shimeji (), known in English as the white beech or white clamshell mushroom
Bunapi was selected from UV-irradiated buna-shimeji ('hokuto #8' x 'hokuto #12') and the breed was registered as 'hokuto shiro #1' by Hokuto Corporation.
Hatake-shimeji (), Lyophyllum decastes
Shirotamogidake (), Hypsizygus ulmarius
These two species had been also sold as hon-shimeji.
Velvet pioppino (alias velvet pioppini, black poplar mushroom, Chinese: /), Agrocybe aegerita
Shimeji health benefits
Shimeji mushrooms contain minerals like potassium and phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and copper. Shimeji mushrooms lower the cholesterol level of the body. This mushroom is rich in glycoprotein (HM-3A), marmorin, beta-(1-3)-glucan, hypsiziprenol, and hypsin therefore is a potential natural anticancer agent. Shimeji mushrooms contain angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor which is an oligopeptide that may be helpful in lowering blood pressure and reducing the risk of stroke in persons having hypertension. Also rich in polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. Therefore, inhibits inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress and protects from lung failure. These compounds also help in reducing oxidative stress-mediated disease through radical scavenging activity hence these mushrooms are antioxidants also.
Cooking
Shimeji should always be cooked: it is not a good mushroom to serve raw due to a somewhat bitter taste, but the bitterness disappears completely upon cooking. The cooked mushroom has a pleasant, firm, slightly crunchy texture and a slightly nutty flavor. Cooking also makes this mushroom easier to digest. It works well in stir-fried foods like stir-fried vegetables, as well as with wild game or seafood. Also, it can be used in soups, stews, and in sauces. When cooked alone, Shimeji mushrooms can be sautéed whole, including the stem or stalk (only the very end cut off), using a higher temperature or they can be slow roasted at a low temperature with a small amount of butter or cooking oil. Shimeji is used in soups, nabe and takikomi gohan.
See also
List of Japanese ingredients
References
External links
Honshimeji Mushroom, RecipeTips.com. Brown Beech (Buna shimeji), White Beech (Bunapi shimeji), and the Pioppino (Agrocybe aegerita) mushrooms.
Edible fungi
Fungi in cultivation
Japanese cuisine terms
Fungi of Asia
Fungus common names |
6905170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugo-class%20destroyer%20escort | Chikugo-class destroyer escort | The Chikugo-class destroyer escort (or frigate) was a class of destroyer escorts built by the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force as the successor of the , with the same ASW mission. This class was followed by . This is the first Japanese destroyer escort class to carry ASROC anti-submarine missiles.
The class entered service with Chikugo in 1971. Eleven ships were constructed and saw service until the mid-1990s and early 2000s. All vessels in the class were retired with Noshiro being the last to decommission in 2003.
Design
This class was designed as the modified variant of the , the preceding destroyer escort class. The main anti-submarine weapon was changed from the M/50 ASW rocket launcher to the ASROC Anti-submarine missile. The octuple launcher for ASROC was stationed at the mid-deck, and the entire ship design was prescribed by this stationing. To exploit the range of ASROC, this class was equipped with the long-range low-frequency (5 kHz) bow sonar, OQS-3A (Japanese version of the AN/SQS-23), and in addition, the latter batch had SQS-35(J) Variable Depth Sonar system. These anti-submarine sensors and weapons could be compare with those of destroyers in the main fleet of this age, such as and .
In contrast to their anti-submarine capability, the anti-aircraft fire power was weakened compared to the preceding class. The foredeck gun was a Type 68 3"/50 caliber twin cannon controlled by a FCS-1B Gun Fire Control System, which was standard anti-air weapon system in the JMSDF of this age. But the afterdeck gun was the old-fashioned Bofors 40 mm L/60 twin cannon, lacking the anti-ship missile defense (ASMD) capability. The final batch of this class was planned to equipped with the new Oerlikon 35 mm twin cannon, but this plan was frustrated because of the budgetary consideration.
Ships in the class
References
Frigate classes
Frigates of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force |
6905173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisters%20of%20Charity%20of%20the%20Incarnate%20Word | Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word | The Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word is the name of two Roman Catholic religious institutes based in the U.S. state of Texas. They use the abbreviation C.C.V.I. ().
History
Houston Order
The Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, Houston is a religious institute of women begun in 1866, at the request of French-born Claude Marie Dubuis, the second Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Galveston, which then included the entire state of Texas. Texas was suffering from the ravages of the Civil War, coupled with the tragedy of a rapidly spreading cholera epidemic. In 1866, Dubuis contacted his friend Mother Angelique Hiver, Superioress of the Order of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament in Lyons, France. The Sisters could not fulfill his request since the Order was cloistered and was committed to the ministry of education. Bishop Duibuis then applied for the admission of three young women who had volunteered. They were received into the monastery for the purpose of receiving formation and the rule of the Order, with the understanding that a new order was being formed. For a long time, the Lyons community continued to direct and support the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, as the new community came to be known.
Sisters Mary Blandine, Mary Joseph and Mary Ange arrived in Galveston, Texas, and started Charity Hospital, the first Catholic hospital in Texas. This would later become St. Mary's Infirmary and St. Mary's Hospital. Later, as a result of the yellow fever epidemic that struck Galveston, the St. Mary's Orphanage was started, first in the hospital, and was later moved just outside town, away from the epidemic. This epidemic also struck two of the sisters: Mother Mary Blandine would die of yellow fever on August 18, 1867; Sister Mary Ange also contracted yellow fever but recovered and returned to France. In 1867 and 1868 other sisters, educated and professed in the same convent at Lyons, came to offer their assistance.
Sister Mary Joseph would become Mother Joseph and would continue the work in Galveston. In the early part of the 20th century, with the rapid growth of the City of Houston, the institute's headquarters were relocated from the Island city to Houston.
Today the Sisters have missions in Ireland, Guatemala, El Salvador, Kenya and the United States.
They are involved in ministries in health care (as part of Christus Health and Dignity Health), education, and social justice. They are also involved in fighting illiteracy and AIDS.
San Antonio Order
The Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio is the largest group of religious women in Texas.
The institute was founded in San Antonio in 1869, as a sister house of the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, Galveston, Texas. In 1869, Bishop Dubuis chose three from the Galveston community, Sister St. Madeleine Chollet, Sister St. Pierre Cinquin, and Sister Agnes Buisson to begin a new house in San Antonio and open the first hospital in the area. He named Mother St. Madeleine superior of the new community. Three years later, he appointed Mother St. Pierre Cinquin as her successor, and she remained in office until her death almost twenty years later. In 1870, Bishop C.M. Dubuis erected this new community as an independent centre, on the occasion of vesting the first postulants admitted into the San Antonio novitiate.
Sisters Madeleine Chollet, Pierre Cinquin and Agnes Buisson came to help the people of San Antonio who were being ravaged by a severe cholera epidemic. It was just after the Civil War and San Antonio had a population of 12,000; however, there were no public hospitals. When the three Sisters arrived, they founded the institute of the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word. They also founded San Antonio's first public hospital, known today as Christus Santa Rosa Hospital.
Previous to 1874, the sisters had been solely occupied in caring for the sick, the aged, and orphans, but following the counsel of Rt. Rev. A.D. Pellicer, first Bishop of San Antonio, they began to engage in educational work. In 1881, the Sisters founded the Incarnate Word Academy, which became Incarnate Word High School and University of the Incarnate Word.
In 1885 the Sisters opened a school in Saltillo, Mexico.
By 1891 the Sisters had founded St. Joseph's Infirmary in Fort Worth, Texas. They also administered seven railroad hospitals scattered throughout Texas, Missouri, Iowa, and New Mexico.
They are involved in ministries in health care (as part of Christus Health), education, care for the elderly and social justice.
The Village at Incarnate Word is a not-for-profit corporation, established by the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word of San Antonio in 1988, to provide a retirement community for people of all faiths.
The sisters work in United States, Mexico, Peru, and Zambia.
Saint Mary's Orphanage and the Galveston Hurricane
The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 was one of the most destructive hurricanes ever to hit the United States. More than 6,000 people died, one-sixth the population of Galveston, Texas.
The Saint Mary's Orphan Asylum housed at that time 93 children (ages 2 to 13) and 10 sisters. The hurricane arrived quietly on September 7, 1900. The full force of the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 would not be felt until the next day, September 8 and began to erode away the sand dunes that surrounded St. Mary's Orphanage. The sisters in charge decided to move the children into the girls' dormitory, as it was newer and stronger (and thus potentially safer) than the boys' dormitory.
The sisters led the children in singing (in English) the old French hymn, Queen of the Waves. Eventually, the boys' dormitory failed and collapsed into the sea. When the waters started to fill the first floor of the girl's dormitory, the sisters moved the children to the second floor, and again led in singing Queen of the Waves. The sisters put clothes line around their waists and connected themselves to six to eight children each in an attempt to save the children. Three of the children (older teens) were left loose.
Finally, the girls' dormitory collapsed. All ten sisters and ninety children perished; only the three teenage boys survived: William Murney, Frank Madera and Albert Campbell.
As a result of this tragedy, the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word across the world sing Queen of the Waves every year, on September 8, and remember the sisters and the children that died in Galveston that fateful day.
On September 8, 1994, a Texas historical marker was placed at 69th Street and Seawall Boulevard, marking the site of the former orphanage.
See also
Galveston Hurricane of 1900
Queen of the Waves
Catholic sisters and nuns in the United States
History of nursing in the United States
References
Footnotes
Sources
External links
Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, Texas
Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word, Houston, Texas
Story of the Orphanage told by the Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word
Queen of the Waves: Centennial Remembrance of The Great Storm of 1900
Religious organizations established in 1866
Catholic female orders and societies
Catholic religious institutes established in the 19th century
History of Galveston, Texas
1866 establishments in Texas
History of women in Texas
Catholic health care |
26720395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo%20Cuccia | Vincenzo Cuccia | Vincenzo Cuccia (20 March 1892 – 2 March 1979) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold and bronze medal at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1892 births
1979 deaths
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
Sportspeople from Palermo
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
20th-century Italian people |
26720402 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avi%20Tayari | Avi Tayari | Avraham "Avi" Tayari (born 25 October 1973) is a retired Israeli triple jumper. His personal best jump was 16.94 metres, achieved in May 1997 in Tel Aviv.
He competed at the 1992 World Junior Championships, the 1997 World Championships, the 1998 European Championships, the 2001 World Championships and the 2002 European Championships without reaching the final.
Achievements
See also
Sports in Israel
References
1973 births
Living people
Israeli male triple jumpers
Competitors at the 1999 Summer Universiade |
26720427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonnardite | Gonnardite | Gonnardite is a comparatively rare, fibrous zeolite, natrolite subgroup. Older papers claim that a complete solid solution exists between tetranatrolite and gonnardite, but tetranatrolite was discredited as a separate species in 1999. A series, based on the disorder of the silicon-aluminum in the framework, appears to exist between Na-rich gonnardite and natrolite, Na2(Si3Al2)O10·2H2O.
Gonnardite was named in 1896 after Ferdinand Pierre Joseph Gonnard (1833–1923), who was Professor of Mining Engineering at the University of Lyon, France.
Crystallography
Orthorhombic-bipyramidal class 2/m 2/m 2/m and tetragonal-scalenoidal class 2m (orthorhombic with a very close to b, or tetragonal with a equal to b). Unit Cell Parameters: a = b = 13.21 Å, c = 6.622 Å, Z = 2Space Group: I2d
Crystal habit
Crystals are prismatic, bounded by {110} and {111} as well as {100} and {001}, and gonnardite also occurs as radial hemispheres. Commonly found as zoned prisms or aggregates with thomsonite, natrolite and paranatrolite.
Structure
Gonnardite is a tectosilicate belonging to the natrolite group. The natrolite minerals are composed of chains of AlO4 and SiO4 tetrahedra that link to form frameworks. As with all zeolites, there are channels within the framework, and for the natrolite minerals the channels are occupied by polyhedra containing sodium, calcium or barium, together with oxygen and water. Gonnardite has the same framework structure as natrolite, but a disordered Si, Al distribution on the tetrahedral sites. Some of the water sites in the disordered natrolite structure of gonnardite are empty.
Environment
Gonnardite has been found in silica-poor volcanics and pegmatites. It occurs with thomsonite and natrolite in vesicles in the volcanic rock of The Nut, near Stanley, Tasmania, Australia, intergrown with natrolite at Don Hill, Tasmania and in drill holes with chabazite and calcite near Guildford, Tasmania. It is also found in nepheline-syenite in the Grenville Geological Province, which is part of the Canadian Shield.
The type locality (the place where the mineral was first described) is La Chaux de Bergonne, Gignat, Saint-Germain-Lembron, Puy-de-Dôme, Auvergne, France, and type material from this locality is held at the Natural History Museum, London, England, registration number BM.1930,166.
References
Zeolites
Tetragonal minerals
Minerals in space group 122 |
20474514 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Miser%20Brothers%27%20Christmas | A Miser Brothers' Christmas | A Miser Brothers’ Christmas is a stop motion spin-off special based on some of the characters from the 1974 Rankin-Bass special The Year Without a Santa Claus. Distributed by Warner Bros. Animation under their Warner Premiere label (the rights holders of the post-1974 Rankin-Bass library) and Toronto-based Cuppa Coffee Studios, the one-hour special premiered on ABC Family on Saturday, December 13, 2008, during the network's annual The 25 Days of Christmas programming.
Mickey Rooney (at age 88) and George S. Irving (at age 86) reprised their respective roles as Santa Claus and Heat Miser. Snow Miser (originally portrayed by Dick Shawn who died in 1987) was voiced by Juan Chioran, while Mrs. Claus (voiced in the original by Shirley Booth who died in 1992) was portrayed by Catherine Disher. The movie aimed to emulate the Rankin/Bass animation style. This is the last Christmas special to feature Mickey Rooney as Santa Claus, as he died in 2014, as well as the last time George Irving voiced Heat Miser, as he died in 2016.
Plot
The feuding Miser Brothers (Heat and Snow) attend their family reunion with Mother Nature and their fellow siblings including the North Wind, Earthquake, Thunder and Lightning, and the Tides. North Wind passively asks Mother Nature what might happen if Santa would be unable to complete his duties on Christmas. She responds that North Wind would take control instead. Heat then begins to call out Snow for trying to "give global warming a bad name". Snow responds by talking about Heat's attempts to scare people with reports of a second Ice Age. Heat then reprimands Snow for claiming Iceland as his own, which barely has any ice. Snow then calls out Heat for claiming Greenland as his own because it's full of ice. The brothers then fight each other. Mother Nature ends the fight.
Despite his dashing appearance and veneer of flattery and devotion toward Mother Nature, the North Wind is far more malevolent than either of his brothers. Self-absorbed and vain, the North Wind is fixated with the idea of replacing Santa Claus as a way to achieve personal glory. Beginning his machinations, He then sends two of his minions to crash Santa's Super-Sleigh designed by his mechanic Tinsel, causing Santa to injure his back after falling in the middle of a fight between the brothers as he unintentionally crosses into their domain.
Despite what she told the North Wind before and having been informed by Mrs. Claus about what happened to Santa, Mother Nature assigns the Miser Brothers the responsibility of running the toy factory. Their fighting continues as they move through several workshop stations. The North Wind hatches a new plan to keep them fighting so it would appear as if they ruined Christmas themselves, but Mrs. Claus convinces the Miser Brothers to put aside their differences and cooperate by showing them the Naughty/Nice list station. The brothers' history is revealed, showing they've always been on Santa's naughty list for mutual bickering. Upon learning the error of their ways, they begin working together and successfully get work back up to speed. However, the North Wind hatches a plan to destroy their truce and get them fighting again, leaving Santa to deliver the toys and giving North Wind the chance to finish him off.
On Christmas Eve, the North Wind's minions surreptitiously attach heating and cooling units to the sleigh, apparently capable of heating or cooling entire regions of the planet. The discovery causes the Miser Brothers to blame each other. With them fighting again, Santa has no choice but to drive the sleigh as North Wind planned. After Santa leaves, Tinsel discovers the super-sleigh has been sabotaged, which stops the Misers' fight as they realize that neither of them was responsible for injuring Santa. Upon finding one of North Wind's Christmas cards with him dressed as Santa, the Misers realize the truth about their brother and comprehend his plan. Meanwhile, the North Wind attacks Santa's sleigh in flight, whipping up a vortex to consume Santa, but the Miser Brothers, with the aid of Tinsel and a team of young reindeer, save Santa in the nick of time.
The North Wind's cover is blown and Mother Nature sentences him to do household chores for the next several thousand years as punishment for trying to finish off Santa and making his brothers fight. With North Wind thwarted, the brothers learn they've finally made the nice list. They deliver the presents for Santa and give gifts to each other in the process, making peace between them and ending their feud.
Cast
Mickey Rooney as Santa Claus
George S. Irving as Heat Miser
Juan Chioran as Snow Miser
Catherine Disher as Mrs. Claus, Reindeer Elf
Brad Adamson as North Wind
Patricia Hamilton as Mother Nature
Peter Oldring as Bob, Elf #1
Susan Roman as Tinsel, Dr. Noel
Reception
The movie had 3.7 million viewers in its first airing, as determined by Nielsen ratings. It received a nomination for "Best Animated Television Production Produced for Children" in the 36th Annual Annie Awards.
See also
Santa Claus in film
List of Christmas films
References
External links
Animated Christmas films
Animated Christmas television specials
American animated fantasy films
2008 films
Canadian animated fantasy films
Film spin-offs
2000s American television specials
Canadian television specials
Christmas television specials
Santa Claus in film
Stop-motion animated short films
Warner Bros. Animation animated films
Santa Claus in television
2008 television specials
2000s American films
2000s Canadian films |
23577047 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokhara%20River | Bokhara River | The Bokhara River, a watercourse that is part of the Barwon catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the South Downs region of Queensland, flowing downstream into the north–western slopes of New South Wales, Australia. It flows through the lower Balonne floodplain.
Course and features
The river rises at the Balonne River south of Dirranbandi, within the state of Queensland, and is one of several branches of the Balonne that flows generally south–west, joined by five minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Barwon River, downstream from Brewarrina. The river descends over its course.
The Bokhara River, from its source towards its mouth, flows past the towns of Hebel and Goodooga. Water from the river is used by farmers to irrigate a variety of crops, including barley, wheat and cotton.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Queensland
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of Queensland
South West Queensland
North West Slopes |
17337094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skimmia%20arborescens | Skimmia arborescens | Skimmia arborescens is a small tree or shrub. It is grown as an ornamental plant. It ranges from the Himalayas to Southeast Asia.
References
arborescens |
44504309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Jupiter%20trojans%20%28Trojan%20camp%29%20%28100001%E2%80%93200000%29 | List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (100001–200000) | This is a partial list of Jupiter's trojans (60° behind Jupiter) with numbers 100001–200000 .
100001–200000
This list contains 298 objects sorted in numerical order.
top
References
Trojan_1
Jupiter Trojans (Trojan Camp)
Lists of Jupiter trojans |
23577049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolong%20River | Bolong River | Bolong River, a watercourse that is part of the Lachlan catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the central–western region of New South Wales, Australia.
The river rises on the northern slopes of Loadstone Hill, west of Taralga and east of Crookwell and flows generally north–west, before reaching its confluence with the Abercrombie River within Abercrombie River National Park; dropping over its course of .
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin |
17337101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twister...Ride%20it%20Out | Twister...Ride it Out | Twister...Ride It Out was an indoor special effects attraction based on the 1996 film Twister, located in the New York themed area at Universal Studios Florida. It replaced Ghostbusters Spooktacular and opened to the general public on May 4, 1998. Hosts Bill Paxton and Helen Hunt, stars from the original film, were featured in recorded video footage and audio narrations throughout the attraction. Guests experienced a life-like encounter with a simulated tornado in the main show area which included water, fire, and the movement of objects across the stage among other audio and visual effects. Declining popularity due to a lack of long-term cultural significance led to the attraction's permanent closure on November 1, 2015. Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon opened in its place two years later in 2017.
History
Prior to the opening of Twister...Ride it Out, the building housing the attraction was formerly home to Ghostbusters Spooktacular, a show themed to the Ghostbusters franchise that was featured at Universal Studios Florida's grand opening on June 7, 1990. By the mid-1990s, the popularity of the attraction had significantly declined, and its final show took place on November 8, 1996. Following the closure of Ghostbusters Spooktacular, Universal sought a change and considered theming a new attraction to Twister, a film that was released in theaters on May 10, 1996.
On February 6, 1997, Universal Studios Florida announced that they would be adding Twister...Ride it Out for the 1998 season in place of the former Ghostbusters Spooktacular. Construction began in the spring of 1997 and was completed later that year.
To accurately simulate a tornado, Universal Parks & Resorts entered talks with tornado meteorologists to discover the actual sights, sound, and feel of the experience. It was necessary to generate constant winds of for a full size effect generation. The sound of thunder was piped through 54 speakers powered by 42,000 watts, enough to power five average homes. The roar of the tornado was made of a combination of camel sounds, lion roars, backward human and animal screams. More than 65,000 gallons of water would simulate the rainstorm and could be ready for the next show every six minutes. The 20 laserdisc players, 300 speakers and 60 monitors were connected by 50 miles of electrical wire and controlled by 20 computers.
Twister...Ride it Out was originally going to open in March 1998, but just a few weeks before that, the Kissimmee tornado outbreak happened nearby. For this, the attraction's opening was delayed to May 4, 1998. During its opening year, staff members performed a demonstration of the attraction experience inside the wind truck. Officials also donated $100,000 to the victims. At the same time, Universal Studios Escape was introduced when the company was gearing up to open Islands of Adventure and CityWalk in 1999.
In 2008, the outdoor queue line was reduced to make room for Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit, where the roller coaster blasts through the firehouse facade. The ride involved the closure of the Boneyard in September 2008, and the moving of the Blue Man Group pathway in November 2008. This was to make room for the Universal Music Plaza Stage and the entrance of Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit.
On February 16, 2009, the attraction began operating only during peak seasons. However, it reopened by Universal on March 9, 2009 due to guest demand.
On October 27, 2015, Universal announced the decision to retire Twister...Ride it Out after 17 years of service on November 2, 2015. Over the years, it had become outdated and one of the park's least popular attractions. The film it was based on lacked long-term cultural significance, and the cost of operation was expensive. It was replaced by Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon, a 3D motion simulator ride that was constructed in the same building.
In a window display of the Jimmy Fallon attraction featuring elements of NBC's broadcasting history, there are multiple references to the former Twister attraction including one that honors Bill Paxton, who died on February 25, 2017, shortly before the new ride's debut. It includes Bill Paxton's light blue shirt that became synonymous with the actor's performance in a video displayed in Twister's pre-show queue. Other references include a stapler on a nearby desk labeled "B. Paxton" and an advertisement for Twister Cola.
Attraction summary
Queue
Guests pass under the entrance and make a right turn. In the first half of the queue, guests bypass some studio props in an enclosed area behind the New York facade. A variety of songs are heard on the speakers in the area. Other visitors can see the guests bypassing the queue in the windows. There are some exit doors that guests can take if they decide not to experience the attraction. This can only be used if they are taking the standard line. A cow imprint in a metal bay door in the wall is shown on the left side. On the right side, there are Steven Spielberg, Bill Paxton and Helen Hunt director chairs. From time to time in the later years, guests can hear the roars coming from the Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit. Guests make a left turn and enter the second half of the queue, which takes place outside in a small mock-up of the Oklahoma town of Wakita. In this area, guests can watch real tornado videos on the television screens. Each video begins with the location and date being shown as a sound effect can be heard. There are two types of sound effects, with one being horror wind blowing and the other being inspired by the Jurassic Park opening theme. In addition, the television screens show tornado facts that guests can read while waiting in line. Each fact features a symbol being shown on the upper left side and a tornado background. Some of the facts include debris flying across the screen. Occasionally, the Twister logo will be shown on the screens as Bill Paxton can be heard telling guests to follow the safety instructions. When the attraction first opened, it featured a much larger outdoor queue with several vehicles, switchbacks, crop farms, a tool barn, a windmill and the Wakita water tower. The vehicles included Dusty's Bus (nicknamed the Barn Burner), Beltzer's Van, a Mercury Grand Marquis and a tractor. Dusty's Bus featured computer equipment and nitrogen tanks, while Beltzer's Van featured a patio with beach chairs, a cooler, an umbrella, blankets, an Oklahoma flag and a television that guests could watch the tornado videos and read the tornado facts. Guests can find an Esmoo's Dairy sign above some haybales. They are greeted by a Wakita sign, which is followed by a damaged rectangular New Channel 4 billboard featuring a map and a lady. A plastic talking cow can be found in the queue line. When guests press the button, the cow will moo and say "Drink Esmoo Milk. Fresh from the farm to your fridge." There are signs of the Fujita Scale that feature tornado pictures and description. Each picture has the location, date and type of tornado. DOROTHY II can be seen near the waiting area. As the doors to Soundstage 50 open, staff members allow guests to enter the first pre-show room.
Scene 1: First Pre-Show
As guests walk into Soundstage 50, there will be more props, such as a piano and road signs. The Twister soundtrack can be heard in this room. There are two large screens and two smaller ones in front. The beginning of the film will be shown on the screens first. When the scene ends, the Twister logo is shown. Bill Paxton and Helen Hunt then appear on the screens to talk about their experiences filming the movie.
Scene 2: Second Pre-Show
Guests next walk into a new room which is a model of Aunt Meg's damaged house after the twister. As guests walk into the kitchen, televisions are seen impaled into the wall, as if by tremendous force. There is a Hidden Mickey on one of the car wheels on the ceiling. Paxton and Hunt appear on the televisions and talk about the extreme experiences filming Twister, such as enduring the blasts of jet engines, having bits of chopped-up ice shot at them to simulate hail, and even having a gas tanker dropped in front of them and explode. They also mention that during filming, actual tornadoes started touching down south of the filming locations. Paxton in particular claims that the role leaves one in fearful awe of tornadoes and the terrible power they can unleash. The moment they finish, a thunder sound effect is heard as the televisions start to static and tornado warning sirens begin to blare. The doors to the main show open and staff members with flashing red emergency glowsticks lead guests into the room.
Scene 3: Main Show
Inside the main showroom, a message is playing telling guests to get out of the house as television screens show the Channel 5 News report, with a weather anchor issuing a tornado warning. Guests are eventually led onto a set resembling a scene in the movie. They line up in three separate rows on a tiered observation platform under a corrugated metal roof, overlooking an authentic sound stage outdoor scene featuring a view of the rural Galaxy Drive-in theater and the Rocket Hamburgers diner at dusk as dark clouds roll overhead. Ambient night sounds and a dog barking from a distance can be heard as music plays from the diner. Suddenly, a tree gets struck by lightning, scenes from The People Under the Stairs appear on the drive-in movie screen, sirens sound briefly, strong winds are simulated, and rain falls seemingly from the sky. A small light from a flashlight can be seen moving inside the diner, as well as voices from a family within the restaurant screaming to get inside. A projected tornado drops from the sky and forms in the background. It turns and destroys the drive-in theater. Another tornado appears on stage five stories tall and twelve feet wide. The glass on the Rocket Hamburgers window shatters and as the sound effect is heard, water spits behind the guests. Dorothy, the name given to the weather device in the film, flies by as lightning flashes. The Galaxy Drive-in sign rips away and crashes inside Eric's garage, followed by a prop cow flying by guests paying homage to a scene in the film. The roof of the observation platform moves as if it will be torn off, being pulled upwards. A Dodge Ram parked in front of the garage slides toward gas pumps, hitting one causing gasoline to leak. Sparks from the truck's impact can be seen starting a fire, which merges with the tornado creating a fireball that erupts three stories. As the twister dissipates, the roof falls down above guests, and the floor below gives a sudden, short drop giving guests a final scare. Bill Paxton thanks everyone for surviving Twister, directing them to exit to their left through the "Aftermath" gift shop. As guests leave, the family inside the restaurant can be seen peering out with a flashlight at the destruction outside.
In media
Twister...Ride it Out appeared in the 2015 film Sharknado 3: Oh Hell No!. While riding the Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit roller coaster, a shark caused the ride vehicle to derail from the tracks, sending Fin Shepard into Soundstage 50, where he landed inside the show area of Twister...Ride it Out. As a shark entered the building, he pulled a chainsaw out of his backpack and used it to kill the shark. Afterwards, the audience thanked him for saving their lives.
See also
List of amusement rides based on film franchises
References
External links
Retired attractions at Universal Orlando
Amusement rides introduced in 1998
Amusement rides that closed in 2015
Universal Studios Florida
Universal Parks & Resorts attractions by name
Amusement rides based on film franchises
1998 establishments in Florida
2015 disestablishments in Florida |
6905179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pini%20Gershon | Pini Gershon | Pinhas "Pini" Gershon (, born 13 November 1951), is an Israeli former professional basketball player and coach. He won three top-level European-wide club championships as the head coach of Maccabi Tel Aviv. He won the FIBA SuproLeague championship in 2001, and the EuroLeague championship in 2004 and 2005.
He was named the EuroLeague Coach of the Year in 2005. In 2008, he was named one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors, as a coach. He was also the head coach of the senior Bulgarian national team.
Early life
Gershon grew up and studied in the city of Tel Aviv. His mother was a Moroccan Jew and his father was a Bulgarian Jew. He experienced a rough childhood, as his biological father abandoned the family when he was one year old and left him with his mother, in poverty conditions and moved to England; his step-father was abusive towards him, his sister and their mother.
Basketball biography
Playing career
In his youth, Gershon was a basketball player. He played for the "Maccabi South Tel Aviv" club, which was a sister team of Maccabi Tel Aviv, and he was one of the stars in its cadets team. He played for a number of years, including in the senior men's team of Maccabi South Tel Aviv, but his career as a basketball player ended at the age of 24, as the result of an injury.
Club coaching career
After a short career as a basketball player, Gershon began to coach in different Israeli teams, among them, Maccabi Rishon LeZion, Hapoel Galil Elyon, Hapoel Gan Shmuel-Menashe, Hapoel Tel Aviv and Hapoel Jerusalem.
In 1993, he led Hapoel Galil Elyon to the Israeli League championship, which was the first time in 36 years that it had not been won by Maccabi Tel Aviv. In 1996, Gershon won the Israeli State Cup, while he was the head coach of Hapoel Jerusalem, after beating Maccabi in the final.
In different interviews, he expressed himself poignantly against Maccabi Tel Aviv, and against the club's dominance of Israeli basketball. Therefore, it was quite a surprise when he became Maccabi Tel Aviv's head coach at the end of 1998. At that time, Maccabi Tel Aviv was in a professional crisis, after several years of failing to enter the top stages of the EuroLeague, a status which it had enjoyed in the past.
Under his, and his assistant David Blatt's lead, Maccabi Tel Aviv surprisingly advanced to the 2000 EuroLeague Finals, where they lost to the Greek Basket League powerhouse Panathinaikos, in the final game. A year later, Maccabi won the 2001 FIBA SuproLeague championship. However, this achievement was overshadowed by the split between the two major European basketball unions at that time, into two separate leagues, which meant that most of the top European teams did not compete against Maccabi, but were instead in that season's EuroLeague competition.
After the 2000–01 season, Gershon took a break from coaching, mainly to do some self-searching and to travel around the world. This temporary retirement lasted for two seasons, and in the summer of 2003, Gershon returned to his former position as the head coach of Maccabi. He had the goal of reaching the 2004 EuroLeague Final Four, which took place in Tel Aviv. That goal was two seconds away from failure, when Maccabi, who was hosting Žalgiris in the game for the last spot in the EuroLeague Final Four, had to come from behind. A marvelous three-point buzzer-beater by Derrick Sharp sent that game into overtime, in which Maccabi won and advanced to the Final Four. Maccabi, under Gershon, went on to have an unforgettable Final Four, crushing Skipper Bologna 118–74 in the final, to become the EuroLeague champions for the fourth time (including the 2001 FIBA SuproLeague title).
In 2005, Gershon led Maccabi Tel Aviv to another EuroLeague championship. Having been the league favorites all season long, Maccabi Tel Aviv advanced to the 2005 EuroLeague Final Four, in Moscow. The expected final was supposed to be between Maccabi and the hosts CSKA Moscow. However, CSKA surprisingly lost its semifinal game to TAU Vitoria. In the final, Maccabi easily beat TAU, by a score of 90–78. Gershon was later named the EuroLeague Coach of the Year. During the 2005–06 season, Gershon hinted that it would be his last season with Maccabi. He led the team to the 2006 EuroLeague Final Four. That time, however, Maccabi lost in the title game to CSKA Moscow, by a score of 73–69. Gershon left Maccabi at the end of the season, and signed with the Greek club Olympiacos.
In his first season as head coach of Olympiacos, Gershon led the team to the Greek Basket League finals against Panathinaikos, and to the last 8 of the EuroLeague season, where the team was eliminated by TAU Cerámica. Accusations of racism were raised, mainly by Olympiacos fans, concerning the lack of playing time for team star and crowd favorite, Sofoklis Schortsanitis.
On November 24, 2008, he signed on as Maccabi Tel Aviv's head coach, after the dismissal of Effi Birnbaum from the position. In October 2009, he was ejected from an exhibition game against the New York Knicks. Gershon took close to 6 minutes to exit the court, as NBA rules (administered by replacement on-court officials) differ from international rules, regarding technical fouls, which cause coaches to be automatically ejected. In 2010, Gershon parted ways with Maccabi, after their loss to Hapoel Gilboa Galil, in the Israeli League national finals. In August 2014, he signed a one-season contract to be Guy Goodes' assistant coach with Maccabi Tel Aviv.
National team coaching career
Gershon worked as an assistant coach for the senior Israeli national basketball team. In September 2008, Gershon led the senior Bulgarian national basketball team to qualify for the EuroBasket 2009, in Poland, after a surprising finish ahead of the strongly favored Italian national basketball team in the preliminary round. In 2010, he parted ways with the Bulgarian national team, due to a dispute with the Bulgarian Basketball Federation.
Personal life
Gershon often eagerly voices his belief in the part that divine guidance has had in his career. He has close ties with the Chabad movement.
In the year 2001, Gershon was accused of racism, after reporters found a video showing Gershon lecturing before a group of IDF officers. In this lecture, Gershon made some controversial remarks about African American people,“The mocha-colored guys are smarter, but the dark colored ones are just guys off the street,” he said. “They’re dumb like slaves, they do whatever you tell them.” Gershon claimed that those remarks were only made as a joke, and that they were not reflective of his real opinions.
Gershon was once a major shareholder of EZTD Inc., a firm in the controversial binary options industry. EZTD Inc. owned the EZTrader.com and GlobalOption.com websites, and settled a 2016 US Securities and Exchange Commission finding, by paying $1.7 million in fines and compensation to victims. EZTD Inc. was accused of illegally soliciting and taking money from 4,000 US investors.
Club titles won as a head coach
European Club Championship: 3
EuroLeague: 2 (with Maccabi Tel-Aviv: 2004, 2005)
FIBA SuproLeague: 1 (with Maccabi Tel-Aviv: 2001)
Israeli Super League: 8 (7 with Maccabi Tel-Aviv, 1 with Hapoel Galil Elyon)
Israeli State Cup: 8 (7 with Maccabi Tel-Aviv, 1 with Hapoel Jerusalem)
See also
List of EuroLeague-winning head coaches
References
External links
Euroleague.net Coach Profile
Pini Gershon, coach and showman
1951 births
Living people
EuroLeague-winning coaches
Hapoel Jerusalem B.C. coaches
Israeli basketball coaches
Israeli expatriates in Greece
Israeli Jews
Israeli men's basketball players
Israeli people of Moroccan-Jewish descent
Israeli people of Bulgarian-Jewish descent
Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C. coaches
Olympiacos B.C. coaches
Sportspeople from Tel Aviv |
23577051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boomi%20River | Boomi River | The Boomi River, an anabranch of the Barwon River and part of the Macintyre catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the north–western slopes region of New South Wales, flowing downstream into the South Downs region of Queensland, Australia.
Course and features
The river rises about east of Gundabloui, and flows generally north–east, joined by five minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Macintyre River, about north–east of Boomi. The river descends over its course.
The Boomi River flows past, but not through, the town of Mungindi.
References
External links
Rivers of Queensland
South West Queensland
Tributaries of the Darling River
Darling Downs
North West Slopes |
26720453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport%20in%20Greenland | Sport in Greenland | Sport is an important part of Greenlandic culture, as the population is generally quite active. The main traditional sport in Greenland is Arctic sports.
Popular sports include association football, track and field, badminton, handball, golf, and skiing. Handball is often referred to as the national sport, and Greenland's men's national team was ranked among the top 20 in the world in 2001.
Greenland has excellent conditions for skiing, cross country skiing, kayaking, fishing, snowboarding, ice climbing, ice skating, and rock climbing, although mountain climbing, mountain biking, and hiking are preferred by the general public. Although the country's environment is generally ill-suited for golf, there are nevertheless golf courses on the island. Greenland hosts a biennial international the world's largest multisport and cultural event for young people of the Arctic for the second time in 2016.
Football
The Football Association of Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaanni Arsaattartut Kattuffia), has a national football team but is not yet a member of FIFA because of ongoing disagreements with FIFA leadership and an inability to grow grass for regulation grass pitches. However, it is the 17th member of the N.F.-Board. DBU president Jesper Møller visited Greenland in 2015 and the Danish and Greenlandic associations signed a cooperation agreement which aims to encourage the game at grass roots level and build four to six artificial pitches. The FIFA Goal programme sponsored the Qaqortoq Stadium in Qaqortoq, which has an artificial grass pitch. Greenland holds the Greenlandic Football Championship annually. They previously held the event known as the Greenland Cup. They also are a member of CONIFA and compete in the Island games Football, finishing as runners-up to Bermuda in 2013.
Skiing
The oldest sport association in Greenland is the Greenland Ski Federation (GIF), founded in 1969. This happened when the then-President of the GIF Daniel Switching took the initiative to found federations and institute reforms. Greenland Ski Federation is further divided into Alpine and cross-country selection committees. The federation is not a member of the International Ski Federation (FIS), but Greenland skiers participated in the Olympics and World Championships under the Danish flag at the 1968, 1994, 1998 and 2014 Games.
Arctic sports
Greenland competes in the biennial Arctic Winter Games (AWG). In 2002, Nuuk hosted the AWG in conjunction with Iqaluit, Nunavut. In 1994 and again in 2002, they won the Hodgson Trophy for fair play.
Other sports
Greenland takes part in the biennial Island Games, organized by the International Island Games Association.
Greenland took part in the 2007 World Men's Handball Championship in Germany, finishing 22nd in a field of 24 national teams.
Greenland took part in badminton in the European Men's & Women's Team Championships in 2018 and won the first match ever in international badminton team championships against Hungary.
Greenland took part in the table tennis event at the multi-sport 2022 European Championships in Munich, Germany.
Membership of international sports federations
Greenland has gained membership of, or is in the process of applying to join, the following federations:
References
External links
Sport in North America |
23577052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boonoo%20Boonoo%20River | Boonoo Boonoo River | Boonoo Boonoo River, a watercourse of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Boonoo Boonoo River rises on the slopes of the Great Dividing Range, near Boonoo Boonoo and Mount Lindesay Highway, and generally flows northeast, joined by seven minor tributaries before reaching its confluence with the Maryland River, east of Rivertree. The river descends over its course; and flows through the Bald Rock National Park and the Boonoo Boonoo National Park, descending through Boonoo Boonoo Falls in its upper reaches.
The name Boonoo Boonoo is derived from the Aboriginal phrase meaning "poor country with no animals to provide food".
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands |
26720462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovdata | Lovdata | Lovdata is a Norwegian foundation which publishes judicial information of Norway.
It publishes the periodical Norsk lovtidend, and Lov&Data and EuroRett, and hosts a website with free, public access to all Norwegian laws and other judicial documents, including court rulings.
Lovdata was established on 1 July 1981 by the Norwegian Ministry of Justice and the Police and the foundation Det juridiske fakultets lovsamlingsfond [Lovsamlingsfondet] (The Norwegian Statute Book Foundation at the Faculty of Law at the University of Oslo).
It has had a database since 1983 and published laws on CDs since 1990.
Managing director is Odd Storm-Paulsen, and the board consists of Knut Kaasen (chairman), Ida Børresen, Ketil Gjøen, Anne K. Herse and Randi Birgitte Bull.
In 2018, Lovdata sued Håkon Wium Lie and another person for having published Norwegian court decisions openly on rettspraksis.no. Lovdata, which offers access to such court decisions for an annual fee, sued the leechers for having siphoned Lovdata's servers. In less than 24 hours, the Oslo court had ordered the web site to close and for the volunteers to pay for Lovdata's legal bills. Later, in September 2019, the Norwegian Supreme Court ordered l Wium Lie and Fredrik Ljone to remove all court decisions illegally copied from Lovdata.
References
Law of Norway
Publishing companies of Norway
Foundations based in Norway
Organisations based in Oslo
Organizations established in 1981
1981 establishments in Norway |
6905183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timelike%20homotopy | Timelike homotopy | On a Lorentzian manifold, certain curves are distinguished as timelike. A timelike homotopy between two timelike curves is a homotopy such that each intermediate curve is timelike. No closed timelike curve (CTC) on a Lorentzian manifold is timelike homotopic to a point (that is, null timelike homotopic); such a manifold is therefore said to be multiply connected by timelike curves (or timelike multiply connected). A manifold such as the 3-sphere can be simply connected (by any type of curve), and at the same time be timelike multiply connected. Equivalence classes of timelike homotopic curves define their own fundamental group, as noted by Smith (1967). A smooth topological feature which prevents a CTC from being deformed to a point may be called a timelike topological feature.
References
Algebraic topology
Homotopy theory
Lorentzian manifolds |
26720466 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wodage%20Zvadya | Wodage Zvadya | Wodage Zvadya (Hebrew: וודג' זבדיה; born 7 September 1973) is an Israeli long-distance runner who specializes in the marathon.
Biography
He was an Ethiopian citizen until 1991 when he emigrated to Israel. He won the silver medal at the 2001 Summer Universiade. His best finish at the European or World Championships was a 22nd place at the 2002 European Championships. He also competed at the 2006 European Championships, the 2005, 2007 and 2009 World Championships and the 2001, 2002 and 2005 World Half Marathon Championships.
His personal best times are 14:07.14 minutes in the 5000 metres, achieved in July 1996 in Hechtel; 29:38.88 minutes in the 10,000 metres, achieved in May 1996 in Tel Aviv; 1:04:30 hours in the half marathon, achieved at the 2001 Summer Universiade in Beijing; and 2:16:04 seconds in the marathon, achieved in January 2004 in Tiberias.
Achievements
References
1973 births
Living people
Israeli male long-distance runners
Ethiopian emigrants to Israel
Citizens of Israel through Law of Return
Israeli people of Ethiopian-Jewish descent
Sportspeople of Ethiopian descent
Ethiopian Jews
Israeli male marathon runners
Ethiopian male long-distance runners
Ethiopian male marathon runners
World Athletics Championships athletes for Israel
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade silver medalists for Israel
Medalists at the 2001 Summer Universiade |
23577054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boorowa%20River | Boorowa River | Boorowa River, a perennial stream that is part of the Lachlan catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the central–western region of New South Wales, Australia.
Location and features
The river rises about north of Yass and flows generally north, joined by two minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Lachlan River about south–east of Cowra; dropping over its course of .
The river flows through the town of Boorowa; from where it draws its name, an Aboriginal Wiradjuri word for kangaroo.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Tributaries of the Lachlan River
Rivers of New South Wales |
6905204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preview | Preview | Preview may refer to:
Theatre, film, television
Preview (subscription service), an early subscription television service in the United States
Preview (theatre), a public performance of a theatrical show before the official opening
Preview screening or test screening, a showing of a film or TV show before general release in order to gauge audience reaction
Sneak preview, an unannounced film screening before formal release and after a preview screening
Trailer (film) or preview, an advertisement for a film that will be exhibited in the future at a motion picture theater
Computing
Preview (computing), an on-screen view of content as it will look when finalized or printed
Preview (macOS), a macOS application for displaying images and PDF documents
Technical preview, another name for the beta phase of the software release cycle
Recorded music
DJ Drama Presents: The Preview, a mixtape by Ludacris and DJ Drama
"Preview", the 13th and final song on Built to Spill's 1994 album, There's Nothing Wrong with Love
Preview (EP), the second EP by Australian singer-songwriter Kym Campbell, released in 2010
The Preview (EP), a 2010 EP by Chiddy Bang
See also
Foresight (disambiguation)
Precognition |
26720479 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oreste%20Moricca | Oreste Moricca | Oreste Moricca (5 August 1891 – 21 June 1984) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold and bronze medal at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
See also
Moricca
References
External links
1891 births
1984 deaths
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic bronze medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
Sportspeople from the Province of Vibo Valentia
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
20th-century Italian people |
26720495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisi | Divisi | In musical terminology, divisi, or as typically printed “div.,” is an instruction to divide a single section of instruments into multiple subsections. This usually applies to the violins of the string section in an orchestra, although violas, cellos, and double basses can also be divided. Typically, 4-part French Horn sections include divided sections if Horns 1/2 and/or 3/4 are not playing the same music ("a2"). Other brass instruments can also be divided but it is not as frequent as with the Horn section. Woodwinds - especially Flutes and Clarinets - also utilize "divisi" to divide music between parts and even between players of the same part.
After a divisi section, it may be cancelled by the instructions tutti, all'unisono. or unison (abbreviated unis.).
The German equivalents for divisi and tutti, often used in German language scores, are geteilt (or getheilt, abbreviated get.) and zusammen (abbreviated zus.).
Some pieces use notation that refers to half of a section or referring to a specific number of performers. For instance, Giuseppe Verdi's scores include directions for small sections of the chorus by metà ("half") or soli quattro soprani ("four sopranos alone"). Some German late Romantic scores use instructions like die eine Hälfte/die andere Hälfte ("one half" and "the other half").
References
Musical terminology |
23577061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Bow River (New South Wales) | Bow River, a partly perennial stream of the Hunter River catchment, is located in the Hunter district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course
Bow River rises below Galla Gilla Mountain and is formed by the confluence of Bobialla Creek and Spring Creek, near the village of Bow, west of Merriwa, and flows generally south southwest, southeast, and south, joined by three minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Goulburn River within Goulburn River National Park, west of Denman. Bow River descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of the Hunter Region
Upper Hunter Shire |
6905212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Knocks%20Entertainment | Fort Knocks Entertainment | Fort Knocks Entertainment is an American East Coast hip hop, pop and R&B record label and full-scale production house founded in 2004 by record producer Just Blaze.
Current roster
Artists
Affiliated labels
Atlantic Records
Roc-A-Fella Records
Def Jam Recordings
Get Low Records
References
http://www.mtv.com/overdrive/?id=1573987&vid=18799
https://www.discogs.com/label/91699-Fort-Knocks-Entertainment
https://mdpedia.net/view_html.php?sq=wrist%20brace&lang=en&q=Fort_Knocks_Entertainment
American record labels
Hip hop record labels
Vanity record labels
Atlantic Records
Record labels established in 2004 |
26720538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stories%20to%20Tell | Stories to Tell | Stories To Tell is an acoustic album released by Richard Marx featuring several songs from his previous albums in newly recorded acoustic versions. It is his second album of acoustic reworkings of his previous hits, with the Richard Marx/Matt Scannell album Duo being the first. The 11 track collection was first released in March 2010 and available for purchase exclusively at his solo acoustic concerts. The album was later repackaged and released November 11, 2010 in Europe with an additional 7 bonus tracks featuring songs Marx had written or co-written for other artists such as Keith Urban, NSYNC, and Daughtry, all performed here by Marx. May 3, 2011, the album was again repackaged into a three disc set for an exclusive Wal-Mart stores release. The first disc featured the original 11 songs from the first release of Stories To Tell - along with an acoustic version of Marx's new song "When You Loved Me". The second disc features re-imagined recordings of 11 of Marx's hits plus the studio version of "When You Loved Me." The third disc is a DVD of Marx's concert at Shepherd's Bush in London, England.
Track listing
All songs written by Richard Marx, except where noted.
Standard U.S. Edition
Endless Summer Nights - 4:35
One Thing Left - 3:57
Hazard - 4:17
Over My Head - 3:39
Angelia - 4:39
Now And Forever - 3:59
Keep Coming Back - 5:47
This I Promise You - 4:07
Loved - 4:21
Should've Known Better - 3:18
Right Here Waiting - 4:49
European edition bonus tracks
This I Promise You - 4:40
Had Enough (Marx, Daughtry, Wade) - 3:48
To Where You Are (Marx, Linda Thompson) - 3:34
On The Inside (Marx, Daughtry, Kroeger) - 3:16
Never Take Me Dancing - 5:15
The Best Of Me (Marx, Foster, Lubbock) - 4:30
Everybody (Marx, Urban) - 5:15
Wal-Mart Exclusive
Disc 1: Stories To Tell
Endless Summer Nights
One Thing Left
Hazard
Over My Head
Angelia
Now And Forever
Keep Coming Back
This I Promise You
Loved
Should've Known Better
Right Here Waiting
When You Loved Me
Disc 2: The Best Of Richard Marx
Don't Mean Nothing
Should've Known Better
Endless Summer Nights
Keep Coming Back
Take This Heart
Hold On To The Nights
Angelia
Hazard
Too Late To Say Goodbye
Satisfied
Right Here Waiting
When You Loved Me
Disc 3 (DVD): Live At Shepherd's Bush
Endless Summer Nights
Take This Heart
One Thing Left
When You're Gone
Hazard
Through My Veins
Always On Your Mind
Angelia
Everybody
Should've Known Better
Don't Mean Nothing
Right Here Waiting
Chart performance
Album Credits
Personnel
Jo Allen - strings
Steve Brewster - drums
Paul Bushnell - bass guitar
Joanne Davies - background vocals
Jim Gailloreto - saxophone
Bruce Gaitsch - writer, guitars, nylon guitar
Mark Hill - bass guitar
Steve Hornbeak - piano, harmony vocals
John Howard - bass guitar
Michael Landau - guitars
Herman Matthews - drums
Jerry McPherson - guitars
Kevin Marks - guitars
Jesse Marx - harmony vocals
Lucas Marx - harmony vocals
Richard Marx - producer, writer, arrangements, lead & background vocals, acoustic guitar, guitars, keyboards
Emma Owens - strings
Rhian Porter - strings
Matt Scannell - writer, guitars
Chuck Tilley - drums
Keith Urban - writer
Fee Waybill - writer
Jason Webb - piano, keyboards
Engineers
Chip Matthews
Joel Numa
Bill Philput
Matthew Prock
Jamie Sickora
Guest Credits
Matt Scannell
Miscellaneous
This is Marx's first solo acoustic album.
The track "Loved" features new lyrics not present on the Sundown album version of the same track.
This is Marx's first album to have three separate releases, each at different times, each with a different album cover.
The new song, "When You Loved Me", became Marx's first Top 20 hit on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart in over 13 years.
2010 albums
Richard Marx albums
Albums produced by Richard Marx
Self-released albums |
23577063 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowman%20River | Bowman River | Bowman River, a perennial river of the Gloucester River catchment, is located in the Upper Hunter district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Bowman River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, near Upper Bowman, and flows generally south southeast and east before reaching its confluence with the Gloucester River, near Tugrabakh. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast
Rivers of the Hunter Region
Mid-Coast Council |
26720539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20Hill%20Theatre | Church Hill Theatre | Church Hill Theatre is a Category B listed pink sandstone former church and current theatre venue owned by the Edinburgh City Council. Built originally as Morningside Free Church, the council purchased it in 1960. After undergoing an extensive refurbishment, it re-opened in August 2006. It is managed by the team operating the Assembly Rooms.
History
It was built in 1892 as North Morningside Free Church to a design by Hippolyte Blanc and purchased by Edinburgh's town council in 1960.
Current use
It is a popular venue for amateur drama productions, as well as for the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and Edinburgh International Festival. Some of the non-professional theatre and dance companies it hosts include Lothian Youth Arts And Musicals Company, Tempo, Showcase, Edinburgh Telephone Choir, Edinburgh Music Theatre Company, Leitheatre, Edinburgh University Footlights, Buckstone Youth Dance, Manor School of Ballet and Edinburgh Dance Academy.
Facilities
The theatre auditorium seats 353, and the building has space for smaller functions. Since the renovation, there is now lift access to the auditorium, as well as a privately run cafe
References
Hippolyte Blanc buildings
Edinburgh Festival
Theatre in Edinburgh |
23577064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelly%20Roll%20Blues | Jelly Roll Blues | "Original Jelly Roll Blues", usually shortened to and known as "Jelly Roll Blues", is an early jazz fox-trot composed by Jelly Roll Morton. He recorded it first as a piano solo in Richmond, Indiana, in 1924, and then with his Red Hot Peppers in Chicago two years later, titled as it was originally copyrighted: "Original Jelly-Roll Blues". It is referenced by name in the 1917 Shelton Brooks composition "Darktown Strutters' Ball".
The Red Hot Peppers version is a typical New Orleans jazz presentation where the trumpet, clarinet and trombone play lead melody and counterpoint, with the piano, guitar, string bass and drums providing the rhythmic accompaniment. However, Morton varies and enriches this basic structure by providing many instrumental breaks in suspended rhythm, as well as giving the horns and the piano solo passages. The final chorus is in New Orleans "ride-out" style, where all the instruments play together and vary the melody and chord progression in counterpoint over a driving, climactic rhythm. The tune is also notable for having an Argentine tango-like rhythm and flavor in several passages, which Morton claimed was essential to real jazz. Although this tango flavoring did not survive into later jazz, it is noteworthy in the mixture of international cultural influences that produced New Orleans jazz, and this recording is a prime example of it. In this record and several other Morton recordings of 1926–27, the New Orleans early jazz style, as a collective blend of instruments varying the basic melody by means of both composed, written notes and improvisation, reached its peak of artistic development.
References
External links
http://www.doctorjazz.co.uk/page10a.html.
http://www.redhotjazz.com/redhot.html.
Jazz compositions
Songs written by Jelly Roll Morton
1924 songs |
6905235 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS%20Teutonic | RMS Teutonic | The RMS Teutonic was an ocean liner built for the White Star Line in Belfast and was the first armed merchant cruiser.
History
Background
In the late 1880s competition for the Blue Riband, the award for the fastest Atlantic crossing, was fierce amongst the top steamship lines, and White Star decided to order two ships from Harland and Wolff that would be capable of an average Atlantic crossing speed of . Construction of Teutonic and Majestic began in 1887. When Teutonic was launched on 19 January 1889, she was the first White Star ship without square rigged sails. The ship was completed on 25 July 1889 and participated in the Spithead Naval Review on 5 and 6 August, in conjunction with the state visit of Kaiser Wilhelm II.
Although Queen Victoria remained aboard the Royal Yacht, the Kaiser was given a two-hour tour of the new ship hosted by his "Uncle Bertie," (the Prince of Wales and future Edward VII). During the tour, Wilhelm is reputed to have turned to a subaltern and remarked: "We must have some of these ..."
The Kaiser's reaction is generally credited as the impetus for the creation of Germany's four funnel liners known as the Kaiser Class.
Eight years later, Teutonic also participated in the 1897 Spithead Naval Review honoring Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee.
Teutonic was built under the British Auxiliary Armed Cruiser Agreement, and was Britain's first armed merchant cruiser, sporting eight 4.7" guns. These were removed after the military reviews, and on 7 August 1889, she left on her maiden voyage to New York City, replacing Baltic in White Star's lineup. In 1891, Majestic brought the Blue Riband to White Star, and in 1891, Teutonic took it from her sister with an average crossing speed of . She later bested her own record with a speed of . The following year City of Paris took the honour away, and no White Star ship would regain it. Both Teutonic and her sister were extremely profitable liners, and the two ships made crossings full to passenger capacity several times.
Specifications
Whereas all of White Star's previous liners had only carried two classes of passengers, Cabin and Steerage, Teutonic and Majestic introduced changes to that paradigm. Both ships were built with the three-class accommodation system, consisting of First, Second and Third Classes. First Class, originally known as Cabin Class, was renamed as Saloon Class on specific terms, being meant for upper class passengers.
Teutonic had accommodations for 300 First Class passengers in spacious cabins situated on her uppermost three decks, and had many interesting features. Many of the cabins were inter-connecting for family travel. A new class began appearing in ships after this time in shipbuilding, and Teutonic was among the first to see it. Second Class, also known as Cabin Class, was meant for middle class passengers. Teutonic was built to carry 190 Second Class passengers in comfortable rooms on the second highest deck, further aft towards the stern. Third Class, commonly known as steerage, was primarily for immigrants. Teutonic was built to carry 1,000 Third Class passengers in two areas of accommodation aboard the ship. As was the case aboard all White Star vessels, Third Class spaces were segregated with single men berthed forward, and single women, married couples and families with children berthed aft. In a layout similar to what was seen aboard Britannic and Germanic, steerage passengers were quartered in nine separate compartments on the two lowest decks, with five forward and four aft. All five forward sections and three of the four aft sections consisted of large twenty-berth cabins lining the ship's hull, with interior spaces left open to be used for dining and other purposes. The fourth section in the stern, designated for married couples and families with children, consisted of small but comfortable and private two and four-berth cabins.
Career
During the first 18 years of service, both Teutonic and Majestic, along with their older cousins Britannic and Germanic sailed on the route from their home port of Liverpool to New York City. Each ship made on average one sailing per month, and averaged 11–14 sailings each season. The White Star Line had it planned so as they could operate a weekly service across the North Atlantic. Each week a ship sailed from Liverpool on a specific day, commonly Wednesday or Thursday. From there, they would stop at the port of Queenstown (now Cobh), Ireland, to pick up more passengers. Records have shown that Teutonic and her partner ships picked up as many as 800 Irish immigrants in a single stop, as the White Star Line was very popular in Ireland because most of their ships, including Teutonic, were Irish built.
After Queenstown, the ships would then continue on the long voyage to New York, almost 2,500 miles of open sea. Once passengers were disembarked at either the White Star Line pier in New York or the immigration centre at Castle Garden, and later on Ellis Island, the ship would be prepared for her return voyage.
Transatlantic races between the Teutonic and liner City of New York were common in the 19th-century. They usually began in either Queenstown Harbour or New York Harbor. On August 14, 1890, the Teutonic beat the City of New York by over three hours, and broke the ocean record by coming from Queenstown in 5 days, 19 hours, and 5 minutes, and breaking the record by 13 minutes.
In 1897 Teutonic reassumed her military role for a review commemorating Victoria's 60th anniversary. In 1898, she had a minor collision in New York Harbor with the United States Lines' Berlin, but neither ship suffered major damage.
During the Boer War in 1900, she served as a troop transport. In 1901, Teutonic encountered a tsunami, which washed two lookouts out of the crows nest who survived. The tsunami hit at night, so there were no passengers up on deck.
In 1907 Teutonic, along with Majestic, Oceanic and the new Adriatic was transferred to White Star's new 'Express Service' between Southampton and New York via Cherbourg and Queenstown. In 1911, the ship was replaced in the White Star lineup by the new Olympic and transferred to sister company Dominion Line for Canadian service. At the end of her career on White Star's UK-US services, she had carried a total of 209,466 passengers westbound and another 125,720 eastbound. By 1913 Teutonic's age meant that she no longer attracted the top class passengers, and so was refitted to carry only second and third class passengers. In October 1913 the ship narrowly avoided the same fate as Titanic when, at 172 miles east of Belle Isle off the Newfoundland coast, she ran so close to an iceberg that she avoided collision only by reversing her engines and putting the helm hard aport. According to the 29 October 1913 issue of the Chicago Tribune, "the liner passed within twenty feet of the iceberg. The fog was so thick that even at that small distance the berg could scarcely be distinguished. It was so close that there was danger that the propeller of the ship would strike it as the vessel went around. The passengers were not aware of their peril until it had been averted. They signed a testimonial to the captain and his officers expressing their gratitude and admiration for the care and skill displayed by them."
In 1914, with the start of World War I, Teutonic became a merchant cruiser once again, being commissioned into the 10th Cruiser Squadron. In 1916, she was refitted with 6" guns, and served as a convoy escort ship as well as being used for troop transport.
In 1921, Teutonic was scrapped at Emden.
References
External links
White Star Ships
Great Ocean Liners
Detailed record of sailings on Norway Heritage
Historical overview
Video dedicated to RMS Teutonic
Blue Riband holders
Ships built in Belfast
Passenger ships of the United Kingdom
Steamships
Ships of the White Star Line
World War I Auxiliary cruisers of the Royal Navy
1889 ships
Ships built by Harland and Wolff |
23577069 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyd%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29 | Boyd River (New South Wales) | Boyd River, a perennial stream that is part of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course
Formed by the confluence of the Sara River and the Guy Fawkes River, Boyd River rises within Guy Fawkes River National Park and Chaelundi National Park, below the Dorrigo Plateau within the Great Dividing Range, east southeast of Glen Innes, and flows generally to the north and east, joined by one minor tributary towards its confluence with Nymboida River, at Buccarumbi, west of Coutts Crossing. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
New England (New South Wales)
Northern Tablelands |
26720545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded%20polystyrene%20concrete | Expanded polystyrene concrete | Expanded polystyrene (EPS) concrete (also known as EPScrete, EPS concrete or lightweight concrete) is a form of concrete known for its light weight made from cement and EPS (Expanded Polystyrene). It is a popular material for use in environmentally "green" homes. It has been used as road bedding, in soil or geo-stabilization projects and as sub-grading for railroad trackage.
Before 1980, EPS as the aggregate of concrete has been studied in detail. It is created by using small lightweight EPS balls (sometimes called Styrofoam) as an aggregate instead of the crushed stone that is used in regular concrete. It is not as strong as stone-based concrete mixes, but has other advantages such as increased thermal and sound insulation properties, easy shaping and ability to be formed by hand with sculpturing and construction tools.
After many years of exploration and attempt, EPS lightweight concrete can be used in many building structures, such as EPS insulation coating, EPS mortar, EPS sealing putty, EPS lightweight mortar, EPS concrete inner and outer wall panels, etc. In addition, EPS lightweight aggregate concrete is also used in the fields of pavement backfill, antifreeze subgrade, thermal insulation roof, floor sound insulation and marine floating structure. In particular, it has a strong energy absorption function, so it can also be used as a structural impact protection layer.EPS concrete combines the construction ease of concrete with the thermal and hydro insulation properties of EPS and can be used for a very wide range of application where lighter loads or thermal insulation or both are desired.
References
Concrete |
6905236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent%20Jones%20%28writer%29 | Kent Jones (writer) | Thomas Kenton "Kent" Jones (born June 12, 1964) is a writer and performer on MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show. He is a comedy writer who also wrote and performed at Air America Radio.
Career
A Missouri native, Kent moved to New York City in 1986 and held a variety of journalism jobs working at InStyle and People and contributing freelance humor articles to various publications.
The Daily Show
In 1996, he discovered the 'far more legitimate field of fake news' at The Daily Show on Comedy Central, where he was a writer for five years. Around this time, Jones was a writer on the TV special Unauthorized Biography: Milo, Death of a Supermodel.
In 2000, Kent and his fellow writers won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy, Variety or Special, as well as the Peabody Award for Excellence in Broadcasting. Kent then moved to Los Angeles and worked as a producer on shows at Oxygen and ABC.
Air America and Rachel Maddow Show
In 2004 Kent moved back to New York to become part of the launch of Air America Radio. He wrote for Unfiltered with Lizz Winstead, Chuck D and Rachel Maddow where he delivered the "Unfiltered News." He also wrote extensively for Morning Sedition where he performed several characters including Foreign Correspondent Angus McFarquhar, Bill from Harlem and, most frequently, Planet Bush Bureau Chief Lawton Smalls. After the cancellation of Morning Sedition in December 2005, Kent continued to write and perform on The Marc Maron Show until its cancellation in July 2006. He appeared on The Rachel Maddow Show, with daily Sports and "Kent Jones Now" segments and additional co-hosting, especially during her "Ask Dr. Maddow" and "Pet Story" segments. The Lawton Smalls character made "calls" to The Sam Seder Show and was on the Nov 7th 2006 live webcam election coverage with Rachel Maddow. Jones left Air America on Friday, December 14, 2007, as a result of a "business decision" by the management.
Jones became a regular contributor to The Rachel Maddow Show on MSNBC in September 2008. His regular segment "Just Enough" aired for several years during the last few minutes of the show and focused on pop culture news, before being quietly dropped. He now serves as a producer for the show, appearing occasionally on air as correspondent and in other segments. He also contributes humor pieces to the show's blog, The Maddowblog.
The show and its entire staff won an Emmy award in 2011 for Outstanding news and discussion analysis.
References
External links
The Rachel Maddow Show
Kent Jones archive at The Rachel Maddow Show
Living people
1964 births
Writers from Missouri
American radio personalities
Emmy Award winners |
6905237 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakken | Hakken | Hakken (sometimes Hakkûh) is a form of rave dance originating from the Dutch hardcore and gabber scene. The dance is very similar to earlier European folk dance and is thought to be a sub form of zapateo with less airborne moves (unlike jumpstyle, for example, which features the "drunken sailor" style of jazz dance and high kicks). Music one is able to do the dance to is also called hakmuziek. The name is derived from the Dutch verb hakken which means chopping, or hacking, or refers the heels of the feet.
In Australia, the dance is mainly referred to as gabber (noun) or (verb), named after the gabber subgenre of hardcore it is performed to. Despite the fact that it is called gabber, it is usually performed to music of the rawstyle and frenchcore genre by most ravers in Australia.
The dance consists of small steps that quickly follow each other to the rhythm of the bass drum. The lower body (down from the pelvis) is the most important part, though it is not unusual to move the arms and torso too. Because one is supposed to keep up to the beat of the song, the dance is usually done fairly quickly, since the BPM of this music style can easily reach 190 BPM.
References
Dance in the Netherlands
Hardcore techno
Dutch dances
20th-century dance |
23577072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bredbo%20River | Bredbo River | Bredbo River, a perennial stream that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Monaro region of New South Wales, Australia.
Location and features
The river rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range at Bald Hill and flows generally west, joined by seven tributaries including Strike-a-Light River, before reaching its confluence with the Murrumbidgee River about south–east of Bredbo; descending over its course.
The river flows through the town of Bredbo; from where it draws its name, an Aboriginal word meaning joining of waters.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales
References
Tributaries of the Murrumbidgee River
Rivers of New South Wales |
6905240 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist%20Party%20of%20Michigan | Socialist Party of Michigan | The Socialist Party of Michigan (SPMI) is the state chapter of the Socialist Party USA in the U.S. state of Michigan. A party by the same name was the affiliate of the Socialist Party of America from 1901 until the national party renamed itself in a 1973 split.
Organizational history
Formation
The Socialist Party of Michigan was the state affiliate of the Socialist Party of America (SPA), established in the summer of 1901. During the late 1910s the organization came under the influence of a radical faction based in Detroit headed by John Keracher, which banned the advocacy of ameliorative reforms by party members, under penalty of expulsion. This brought the organization into conflict with the National Office of the SPA, which expelled the state organization in May 1919, "reorganizing" the state organization under more moderate leadership that same year.
Development
Michigan went "dry" early in 1918, which had the effect of putting a number of bars and beer gardens out of business. Meeting halls became comparatively cheap to rent and purchase. Late in April 1918, Socialist Party regular Maurice Sugar and his friends helped to raise $10,000 through entertainments and raffles to pay for the down payment on a large building in Detroit which was later christened "The House of the Masses." A corporation consisting of members of Local Detroit Socialist Party was put in trust of the facility, which had a restaurant, game rooms, meeting rooms, and a large hall. With the establishment of a proper headquarters facility, membership in the Detroit Socialist organization increased dramatically, although fundraising to continue payments on the $70,000 facility also proved to be a burden for the local organization.
Conventions
The 1916 convention was held in Muskegon on Sunday, September 17, and Monday, September 18, and was attended by some 60 delegates. The gathering was called to order by State Secretary John Keracher of Detroit. The report of the State Executive Committee showed an increase of membership in the party to about 4,000, although the organization remained on unsure financial grounds, showing a deficit of over $500.
The gathering readopted the organization's 1914 platform, with the elimination of a section voicing the organization's favor for industrial organization. This appears to have been a victory of the Keracher faction, drawing the ire of a group of 8 delegates, who submitted and official written criticism charging that the convention "clearly manifested" the "conspicuous act" of "failure... to pledge allegiance to the national and international organizations" and to lend support to the trade union movement.
The gathering also approved the publication of the official state bulletin as a section within The Michigan Socialist, up to that time the organ of Local Detroit, as a cost-saving measure and nominated a full slate of candidates for the fall 1916 elections. This was regarded as a defeat by Keracher and his associates, of opposed the "party regular" tenor of the publication, with Keracher declaring the decision "a ruse to circulate the paper throughout the state."
The 1918 convention was held September 7 and 8 in the "House of the Masses" in Detroit and was attended by 56 delegates. The gathering named party regular Maurice Sugar chairman of the convention by a narrow margin. Chief on the agenda was the question of the level of support to be given by the state organization to the European revolutionary movement in general and the Russian revolution in particular, with radical resolutions by John Keracher and Alexander Rovin "to support the Soviet Government in every possible way and to the last dollar and man" defeated by the convention's moderate majority, on the grounds that such declarations might be illegal under the Espionage Act.
In its final session, the gathering had a heated battle over the financing and terms of support for The Proletarian, the new publication of the Keracher-Proletarian University faction. Keracher lieutenant Al Renner introduced a motion calling for state financing and official support of the publication, which prompted the vigorous opposition by the moderate wing, led by Sugar, on the grounds that the publication "did not follow the policy of the National Office." Defeated on the floor of the convention, a group of radical delegates got together downtown at the offices of The Proletarian afterwards and established a new organization which was to operate as an organized faction within the SPA — the "Proletarian University of America."
The regular 1919 convention of the Socialist Party of Michigan was held February 24 in Grand Rapids. Some 51 delegates were in attendance, characterized in an article in the Left Wing press as a "harmonious gathering of boosters." The convention acted upon the resignation of State Secretary Bloomenberg by electing John Keracher to fill the balance of his unexpired term, passed a program calling for the establishment of socialism while presenting no ameliorative demands, passed a resolution on religion calling for all party agitators to speak against it from the basis of historical materialism, and unanimously endorsed the expansion of Marxist study groups in the state.
1973 re-organization
The SPMI is also the successor to Michigan's former Human Rights Party, which elected multiple candidates to the City Councils of Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti before merging into SPMI in 1977.
The SPMI engages in electoral politics and non-electoral activism. Non-electoral activism includes explicitly socialist support for labor and unionization, anti-war and anti-imperialist agitation, support for feminist and anti-racist campaigns, and regular political forums, literature distributions, and demonstrations. The Socialist Party of Michigan also intermittently publishes a political magazine, The Michigan Socialist.
Although Michigan's restrictive ballot access laws have thus far prevented the SPMI from obtaining a state ballot line, it has nevertheless run candidates in each of the past seven (2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, & 2016) state general elections, who have qualified for the ballot by means of either obtaining the subsequent dual nomination of the ballot qualified Green Party of Michigan or by petition as independents. In each such instance, the Party's candidates have consistently run under the banner of the Socialist Party in all campaign materials and activities, in spite of their inability to have the Party's label listed with their names on the election ballot. Since 2004, the SPMI has run candidates on the ballot in two campaigns for U.S. Congress, four campaigns for the State House of Representatives, two campaigns for the State Board of Education, one campaign for the University of Michigan Board of Regents, one campaign for Michigan State University Board of Trustees, one campaign for Wayne State University Board of Governors, and one campaign for Oakland Community College Board of Trustees.
In 2004 the SPMI also qualified the Socialist Party ticket of Walt Brown for President and Mary Alice Herbert for Vice President for the Michigan ballot under the state qualified label of the nationally defunct Natural Law Party, combined with a slate of SPMI presidential electors. In 2016, it did the same for the Socialist Party presidential ticket of Mimi Soltysik and Angela Nicole Walker. The SPMI obtained official write-in status certification of the Socialist Party's 2008 presidential ticket of Brian Moore and Stewart Alexander and its 2012 presidential ticket of Stewart Alexander and Alejandro Mendoza.
In 2006, Matthew Erard, then a student at the University Michigan and chairman of the SPMI, ran for the 53rd district of the Michigan House of Representatives. Because the Socialist Party was not officially recognized by the state government, Erard was officially running without party affiliation. Erard received 847 votes (2.51%) in the general election. Erard sought the same office two years later and was endorsed by both the Socialist Party of Michigan and the Green Party of Michigan. He appeared on the Green Party ballot line and increased both the total number of votes earned (2,200) and overall percentage (4.55%). Erard appeared on conservative talk radio station WJR, where he defended socialist politics and economic ideas.
In July 2010 the party filed a lawsuit against the Michigan Secretary of State challenging the constitutionality of the Michigan statute governing the ballot qualification of political parties, and arguing that it has legally satisfied the criteria for ballot qualification under the governing statute's enacted requirements. The party's lawsuit is pending an application for leave to the Michigan Supreme Court. In conjunction with its legal claims, the Party filed documents with the Michigan Secretary of State to certify the nomination of seven member candidates for state and federal office in the 2010 General Election. However, the Michigan Secretary of State certified the ballot qualification of only those two candidates, among its 2010 nominees, who had subsequently obtained the Green Party of Michigan's back-up nomination for the same 2010 offices.
The SPMI twice consecutively hosted the Socialist Party USA's biennial National Organizing Conference — in August 2006 in Detroit and July 2008 in Ann Arbor. The SPMI has a chartered local in Metro Detroit and has, in recent years, also had chartered locals in the counties of Kalamazoo, Marquette and Washtenaw. The SPMI is also a founding member of the Michigan Third Parties Coalition.
In 2016, the party's presidential nominee, Mimi Soltysik, was nominated by the ballot-qualified Natural Law Party. The party also endorsed party member Michael Anderson's campaign for the Michigan House of Representatives (District 70). Anderson ran on the Green Party of Michigan's ballot line.
Footnotes
Prominent members
Dennis E. Batt
Oakley C. Johnson
Matt Erard
Max Goldfarb
John Keracher
Cyril Lambkin
Al Renner
Victor Reuther
Walter Reuther
W.E. "Bud" Reynolds
Alexander M. Rovin
Maurice Sugar
Further reading
Tim Davenport, "Formation of the Proletarian Party of America, 1913-1923: Part 1: John Keracher's Proletarian University and the Establishment of the Communist Party of America," Corvallis, OR: author, May 2011.
External links
SPMI Official Website
The Michigan Socialist Magazine Archive
List of SPMI Electoral Campaigns and Campaign Website Links (2004-2012)
Detroit Socialist Party Official Website
Feminist political parties in the United States
Michigan
Michigan
Political parties in Michigan
Political parties established in 1973
Organizations based in Detroit
State and local socialist parties in the United States |
17337102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Man%20Logan | Old Man Logan | Old Man Logan is an alternative version of the Marvel Comics fictional character Wolverine. This character is an aged version of Wolverine set in an alternate future universe designated Earth-807128, where the supervillains overthrew the superheroes. Introduced as a self-contained story arc within the Wolverine ongoing series by writer Mark Millar and artist Steve McNiven, the character became popular with fans. After the Death of Wolverine, Laura Kinney took the Wolverine mantle but an Old Man Logan from the similar Earth-21923 was brought in to serve as an X-Man and featured in his own ongoing series.
Old Man Logan was a principal inspiration for the 2017 film Logan, starring Hugh Jackman as the title character.
Publication history
Old Man Logan debuted as a character in Mark Millar's run on Fantastic Four, which featured characters who are heavily implied to be the aged Wolverine and Bruce Banner Jr. as an adult. Wolverine: Old Man Logan started as an eight-issue storyline from the third volume of Wolverine ongoing series by writer Mark Millar and artist Steve McNiven, published by Marvel Comics in June 2008. The series ran through Wolverine (volume 3) #66–72 and ended in Wolverine Giant-Size Old Man Logan #1 on September 9, 2009.
Old Man Logan debuted in his solo series during the 2015 Secret Wars storyline, written by Brian Michael Bendis with art by Andrea Sorrentino. This story is continued in an ongoing series with the same name beginning in January 2016, written by Jeff Lemire with Sorrentino returning as artist.
Fictional character biography
Original story
The United States and the world of Earth-807128 has been conquered and divided among supervillains, with territories belonging to the Abomination (later conquered by the Hulk), Magneto (later conquered by a new Kingpin), Doctor Doom, and the Red Skull, who has named himself President of the United States. Superheroes have been wiped out of existence, with the few survivors in hiding. Logan lives with his wife Maureen and young children Scotty and Jade on a barren plot of land in Sacramento, California, now part of the territory known as Hulkland. Needing money to pay rent to his landlords the Hulk Gang (the incestuous hillbilly grandchildren of the Hulk and his first cousin She-Hulk), Logan accepts a job from a blind Clint Barton to help him travel east to the capital of New Babylon and deliver a secret package (which Logan assumes to be drugs).
Logan and Barton encounter several diversions on their journey. They rescue Barton's estranged daughter Ashley (who seems to be an aspiring Spider-Girl) from the clutches of the new Kingpin. However, she then murders Kingpin and reveals her intention to seize his territory of Hammer Falls (formerly Las Vegas) herself as the new Kingpin and "Spider-Bitch", before attempting to kill her father; Logan rescues him and the pair escape, as Spider-Bitch sends her forces after them.
They escape a cluster of Moloids who are destroying cities by sinking them from beneath the surface. They then get chased by a Venom symbiote-infused dinosaur (imported from the Savage Land), but they are rescued and teleported by the White Queen and Black Bolt.
Throughout the story it is reiterated that the "Wolverine" persona died the day the villains attacked and that since then, Logan has refused to use his claws. Flashbacks reveal that on the night the attack happened, a group of 40 supervillains attacked the X-Mansion. Unable to locate his teammates, Logan slaughtered the attackers to ensure the safety of the mutant children. As the last "attacker" Bullseye was killed, Logan realized that the entire assault was an illusion created by Mysterio and his perceived enemies were actually his fellow X-Men. This destroyed Wolverine emotionally and mentally, and he fled the mansion and wandered away to a train track in shock and shame. Though he made a subsequent suicide attempt by allowing a freight train to run him over, Logan could not actually kill himself, but had effectively killed "Wolverine".
When they arrive at the capital, Hawkeye delivers his package to an underground resistance group hoping to begin a new team like the Avengers. The package contains Super-Soldier Formula, enough to form an army, but Barton's clients expose themselves as undercover S.H.I.E.L.D. agents. They shoot and kill Logan and Barton. Logan's body heals and he awakens in Red Skull's trophy room amongst the armaments and costumes of fallen superheroes. Without using his claws, he kills Red Skull's men and engages Red Skull himself, eventually decapitating him with Captain America's shield. He grabs a briefcase of money (their intended reward for the delivery) and uses pieces of Iron Man's armor to fly back home. Upon arriving, Logan discovers that the Hulk Gang murdered his family and left the bodies unburied in his absence. His neighbor Abraham Donovan states that Logan's family was killed when the Hulk Gang got tired of waiting for their payment. This results in Logan finally unleashing his claws.
He seeks out and slaughters the Hulk's grandchildren Beau, Bobbie-Jo, Charlie, Elrod, Eustace, Luke, Otis, Rufus, and Woody before encountering Old Man Banner himself who displays monstrous strength, even in his human form. It is implied that the gamma poisoning in his body had begun to deteriorate his sanity in his old age. Banner reveals that while the murder of Logan's family was intended as a message to others, he really just wanted to get Logan angry enough to fight him because he had gotten bored with being a "super-villain landlord", like the others. In his Hulk form, Banner easily defeats Logan and then consumes him. Logan recuperates within Banner's stomach and bursts out, killing the Hulk. Afterward, he discovers a baby Hulk named Bruce Banner, Jr. A month later, Logan and his neighbors hold a small memorial for Logan's family. With nothing left of his old home, Logan then says he plans to defeat all the new world villains and bring peace to the land—with himself and Bruce Banner, Jr. being the first members of a new group of superheroes—before riding off into the sunset.
After a fight with the Ghost Riders, Old Man Logan found that Pappy Banner's head was placed on a gamma-powered robot made from Adamantium by Tinkerer. He used it in his revenge on Old Man Logan. Before Old Man Logan can be finished off by Pappy Banner, he is suddenly attacked by Bruce Banner Jr. who separated Pappy Banner's head from the Adamantium armor. Rather than kill his head, Old Man Logan buried it and planted a tree over him so that its roots can slowly dig into his skull.
Fantastic Four
Some time later, Old Man Logan and the now adult Bruce Banner Jr. are featured during a scene when the new Defenders, led by an older Susan Storm, travel back in time to use cosmic energy to restore their dying Earth. Now calling himself the Hooded Man, Old Man Logan accompanies Gaia back to his original timeline in order to repopulate the now desolate Earth and keep her from going insane from the lack of inhabitants. He is later seen gardening with Gaia, who is now pregnant with his child.
Earth-21923 version
The history of this Old Man Logan is the same as the one on Earth-807128. When the Multiverse was destroyed and Battleworld was created, a different version from an altered universe version of "Old Man Logan" called Earth-21923 is reborn on the Battleworld domain called the Wastelands, a re-creation of his native reality with his memories still intact, although he does not know how he arrived in Battleworld. After having declared to set his world right, Logan disrupts a poker game between the Gladiator and his Flying Devils, and he ends their human trafficking ring by killing them, freeing those imprisoned. While on the way back to meet with Danielle Cage, Logan witnesses the head of an Ultron Sentinel fall from above. Wishing to investigate further, he brings it along with him back home, where Bruce Jr. and Danielle also reside. After explaining this new development, he investigates the head's origins. He visits Hammer Falls and meets with the dying Emma Frost, and he learns that the head is from beyond the Wastelands, so he begins traveling beyond his domain.
When Logan trespasses upon its borders, he is approached by an unidentified Thor of the Thor Corps. She attacks Logan with a lightning bolt for breaking Doctor Doom's laws, falling into the Domain of Apocalypse in the process. Already healed from the burns caused by the Thor's attack, Logan is attacked by Victor Creed (who is one of the Horsemen of Apocalypse) and his soldiers, but Logan is rescued by the X-Men and taken to their hideout, where they are attacked by Apocalypse and his other Horsemen.
The battle that ensues is intervened by the Thor who attacked Logan earlier and as she argues with Apocalypse, Logan flees and hides. The Thor then demands to know to where he had run, but no one answers. Angry, she attacks both the X-Men and the Horsemen with a lightning bolt and then looks for Logan through the domain. When she is near the domain's walls, Logan climbs it and attacks her from behind. Enraged, the Thor attacks him with another lightning bolt and lets him fall into the neighboring domain of Technopolis, as she is attacked by Apocalypse's Infinite Soldiers. Logan is taken to Stark Tower by Baron Stark and Grand Marshal Rhodes, the Thor of that domain. After healing from his injuries, Logan awakens only to find himself in a totally different domain from the one where he was. He ends up fighting Rhodes, but is defeated and sent to the Deadlands as punishment for breaking Doom's laws.
Due to his healing factor, Logan succeeds in fighting through hordes of zombies in the Deadlands. He takes shelter inside a cave where he finds an uninfected She-Hulk who has been there for a long time. He tries to convince her to throw him out of the Deadlands when the zombies find them. In a desperate attempt to save Logan's life, She-Hulk grabs him and jumps as high as she can to throw him out of the Deadlands as he had suggested, ultimately sacrificing her own life to do so. Afterwards, Logan finds himself in the Battleworld domain called the Kingdom of Manhattan.
While wandering the city he has not seen in years, Logan meets this domain's Jean Grey and Emma Frost. They take him to meet the rest of the X-Men, as well as "his" son Jimmy Hudson. Logan later leads the superhero population of the Kingdom of Manhattan in a rebellion against God Emperor Doom. Subsequently, Logan finds himself in a new world.
All-New All-Different Marvel
Logan awakens on Earth-616 in New York City. He is not sure how he has been relocated, but he knows he is in the past. He decides to prevent his post-apocalyptic future. His first target is a minor villain named Black Butcher who, in his future, stole Scotty Logan's baseball cap. Logan easily kills him.
Logan uses Black Butcher's workshop to prepare. He hears on the radio that the Hulk is in Manhattan. Logan confronts Hulk and after a brief fight, learns that the Hulk in question is actually Amadeus Cho and not Bruce Banner. After evading the police, Logan goes to Hawkeye's apartment in Brooklyn to ask for his help, but he finds Kate Bishop.
He explains his situation and drops exhausted on Hawkeye's couch, awakening 33 hours later. Knowing that Logan is seeking Mysterio, Kate accesses the villain's last known whereabouts on S.H.I.E.L.D.'s database. She demands to join Logan on his search. When they arrive, they find a man named Eddie and his unnamed partner there. Logan immediately attacks them, cutting off one man's hand despite them denying that they knew who Mysterio is. A horrified Kate tries to stop him, but Logan quickly neutralizes her as the two men escape. Logan chases them, but he is stopped by the arrival of Commander Steve Rogers.
After gaining Logan's trust and bringing him to Alberta, Canada, Rogers reassures Logan that this is not his past by showing him the adamantium-coated corpse of his younger self. The sight reminds Logan to enjoy life, rather than brood over his own past ghosts. Although he tells Rogers what he had experienced in his timeline, Logan declines Rogers' offer of help.
Logan later appears in Extraordinary X-Men where he decides to remain under the radar, believing his destiny was to kill the X-Men and determined to try anything to avoid it. He also vows to take out those who would orchestrate the villain uprising. Logan catches the X-Men's attention when confronted by Cerebra. The X-Men believe Logan to be their late Wolverine. Storm wants Logan to rejoin the team, but he declines. The time-displaced Jean Grey of the past convinces Logan to change his mind and promises to stop him from killing the X-Men again.
After taking a momentary leave, Logan decides to head to the old Weapon X facility where he initially met Maureen. He finds her, but she is still a child. The Reavers arrive at Killhorn Falls with Lady Deathstrike and attempt to hunt down Logan. When Logan searches for Maureen's missing dog, he discovers its corpse which was killed by the Reavers. As the Reavers massacre the town, Logan singlehandedly kills them all and confronts Lady Deathstrike before saving Maureen. He is wounded multiple times, but Logan defeats Deathstrike. As she leaves, limping, Logan falls unconscious. Realizing that he failed to protect Maureen from the chaos, Logan decides to hunt down Lady Deathstrike.
Logan returns to X-Haven where he has a nightmare about the villain uprising which quickly alerts Jean. In order to calm Logan, Jean assists Logan's travels to Manhattan where in his timeline, Daredevil, She-Hulk, and Moon Knight had been killed by Enchantress and Electro. While Punisher managed to kill Electro, he was stabbed by Kraven the Hunter. Cerebra then teleports Logan and Jean to Connecticut where Pym Falls would be established in Logan's timeline. It is here where Crossbones, and the rest of the villains with him, killed Wonder Man before Crossbones was stepped on by Giant-Man who also crushes Vulture with his hand. When Wasp was killed after shooting down Hobgoblin, Giant-Man was devoured by the Moloids that emerged from the ground when Avalanche shook the area around Giant-Man. Again not assured, Jean and Cerebra teleport Logan to Westchester County, New York where Logan was tricked by Mysterio into killing the X-Men. As Jean manages to assure Logan of no invasion, she takes Logan to Madripoor where he is greeted by Puck, Hawkeye, Steve Rogers, and Jubilee. Logan realizes that if and when the villain uprising comes, he will not need to face it alone.
Logan goes to a bar in Tokyo as Patch where he meets Eito, a minor crime lord. Logan attempts to bribe him for information on Lady Deathstrike's whereabouts, but the meeting turns out to be a ruse. He is gunned down by Eito's henchmen, but he heals and then slaughters them all. Before he kills Eito, Logan interrogates him and learns that Lady Deathstrike is in a remote village. Logan travels there, noting that it is where he and Maureen had attempted to find refuge in his past. The village is seemingly abandoned, but he finds Yuriko chained to a wall, begging for his help. He is then ambushed by a ninja clan, the Silent Order. Four days later, he awakens in a well and attempts to climb out, but he is shot down by Sohei, the Order's leader. Once Logan succeeds in climbing out of the well, he sees he is in a temple and Lady Deathstrike is in a cage. He is attacked by Sohei and the rest of the Silent Order. Logan is overwhelmed by the horde of ninjas, so he has no choice but to free Lady Deathstrike. After Logan and Yuriko manage to kill all of the ninjas, she attempts to kill Sohei, but is cut down by him, causing her to stumble back into the well. Just as Logan attempts to confront Sohei, he is telekinetically assaulted by his unwitting enforcer, a mutant child called the Silent Monk, whose older self Logan had killed in his timeline sometime after Mysterio tricked him into killing his fellow X-Men. The Monk has had a vision of his death and tries to kill Logan by throwing him into the well over and over again. Lady Deathstrike throws an arrow into the Silent Monk's thigh, causing him to fall in. Logan then threatens to kill the young mutant unless Sohei releases he and Yuriko. Sohei calls Logan's bluff, but knows that Yuriko is more than willing to murder a helpless child. Sohei agrees to their demands, just as the Silent Monk regains consciousness and lashes out. The Monk transforms into a giant creature as his powers run wild. Logan convinces the young boy to read his mind, assuring the Monk that Logan's future will never likely come true. The young boy then realizes that Sohei has been manipulating him and subdues Sohei and the remaining Silent Order ninjas. Logan offers to take the Silent Monk to X-Haven, to which he accepts.
One day at X-Haven, Logan is approached by Cerebra, who informs him of Jubilee's disappearance. Logan begins his search by going to Jubilee's apartment, only to find her infant son, Shogo, by himself. Logan leaves the baby in Cerebra's care before telling her to teleport him to wherever Jubilee was last located, which is Romania. Soon after arriving, Logan encounters the Howling Commandos who mistake him for a vampire and attack him. After the misunderstanding is cleared, their leader Warwolf informs Logan of their war with Dracula. Dracula has been psychically calling all vampires to his castle which, Logan deduces, must include Jubilee. The Commandos attack Dracula's castle while Logan sneaks in, but are subdued by his army, led by Vampire by Night, who is under Dracula's control. Logan finds Jubilee who, also under Dracula's control, begs him to save her. Just as he lets his guard down, Dracula attacks Logan from behind, biting him. Logan fights Dracula as his healing factor fights off the vampirism. The Vampire King easily beats the weakened Logan, who then passes out. Logan wakes up in the dungeon, along with the Howling Commandos. As Dracula taunts them, Jubilee begins resisting his control. Logan encourages her to fight back just before Man-Thing and Orrgo break in to free everyone. Dracula threatens to kill Jubilee as Logan approaches him. Now free from his control, Jubilee throws Dracula towards Logan, who then impales him. After a brief scuffle, Orrgo grabs Dracula and exposes him to the sun. Logan then proceeds to decapitate Dracula, freeing his thralls. Logan instructs Cerebra to throw Dracula's head into the sun in order to prevent or at the very least, delay his resurrection. Later, Logan spends time with Jubilee and Shogo over dinner.
Logan awakens in a desert, his memory hazy. Logan realizes that he is somehow back in the Wastelands, as he is attacked by the Venom T-rex. After killing the beast, Logan retraces his steps and remembers receiving a distress call from Puck, who he and the rest of Alpha Flight were trapped in an abandoned space station formerly owned by Reed Richards. After going into space and entering said space station via X-Shuttle, Logan found it infested with the Brood. He managed to kill the Brood drones that attacked him and proceeded to look for Alpha Flight, only to find most of them encased in cocoons. Logan was then attacked by Sasquatch and Abigail Brand, who had been converted into Brood drones. He was saved by Puck at the last minute and the two escaped through an air vent. After finding a safe place to regroup, the hull was ripped open, causing Logan to be pulled into space. Logan regained consciousness aboard the Alpha Flight Squadron Jet, piloted by Puck, who had saved him. The two then snuck back onto the station. Logan and Puck were discovered by the Brood, forcing them to fight. The Brood then inexplicably disappeared. Logan goes back to his old house looking for Dani Cage and Bruce Banner Jr. only to find it seemingly abandoned. Logan then hears a noise and finds Dani bound in the closet. She tells him that Bruce has been kidnapped by Kang the Conqueror. Logan then sets out to hunt down Kang down and rescue the baby. Logan's search leads him to Niagara Falls, where he is assaulted by some thugs and kicked down a cliff. Logan regains consciousness and soon encounters a hysterical Puck, surrounded by the corpses of Alpha Flight. Puck warns Logan about the "Warlord of the Wastelands" just before Kang reveals himself. Kang claims to have taken the baby in order to prevent the Warlord's rise to power, confusing Logan. They are confronted by the Warlord, who is revealed to be a fully grown Bruce Banner Jr. As the Warlord beats Logan, Puck urges him to remember what has happened. It is revealed that the X-Men came to help, but were converted by the Brood and that Logan's experiences in the Wastelands were an illusion created by Jean Grey. Jean telepathically assaults Logan by forcing him to relive his greatest crimes and failures. He resists the attack and kills the parasite controlling Jean. Jean shuts down the Brood hive mind, freeing everyone from its control. In the aftermath, Logan resolves to go back to the Wastelands to save baby Bruce.
Logan seeks help from the foremost experts on time travel and sorcery, including Magik, Beast, Shaman, Cable, Wiccan, Doctor Doom, Scarlet Witch, Black Panther, and Doctor Strange, who all refuse to help him, due to how his plan might affect the timestream. Desperate and left with no options, Logan breaks into the Cellar: a maximum-security super-prison. After subduing the guards, Logan is confronted by Spider-Man, whom he distracts by freeing some of the inmates. Logan then enters the cell of Asmodeus, a servant of Satannish and makes him an offer. Asmodeus states to Logan that he would help him in his mission if he picked up some of his things. Afterwards, Asmodeus begins to help Logan in his mission to rescue Bruce Banner Jr. After reliving each moment, Logan finally arrives in the current time where he finds that the remainder of the Hulk Gang are now working for an unidentified version of Maestro. Logan discovers that Maestro has rounded up the remaining members of the Hulk Gang in his plan to make a paradise for all Hulks on Earth-616. Hearing about what Logan did, Hawkeye followed Logan to his timeline and helped to fight the Hulk Gang. With help from the Cambria Banner (a member of the Hulk gang who defected), Logan and Hawkeye of Earth-616 were able to defeat Maestro and the surviving members of the Hulk Gang went their separate ways. Afterwards, Logan and Hawkeye returned to Earth-616.
During the "Civil War II" storyline, Maria Hill recruited Logan to investigate the missing S.H.I.E.L.D. Agents. He was saved by Wolverine (X-23) before he can be eaten by Fin Fang Foom. Ulysses Cain's vision stated that Logan would kill X-23's clone Honey Badger. This led to Captain America and the S.H.I.E.L.D. Agents to show up to arrest Logan moments after Logan, Wolverine, and Honey Badger defeated the burglars. While a similar event happened during the conflict, Honey Badger survived Logan's attack as Logan commented that he killed the X-23 of his world due to his hallucination. After Wolverine threatened to have Logan thrown in jail if Honey Badger is harmed again, Logan quoted to Honey Badger that he will come after her if Wolverine is harmed. After Honey Badger threatened Logan, Wolverine and Honey Badger told Captain America that they are not partaking in the second civil war. Ulysses Cain's latest vision has him in the Wastelands where he meets Logan after he saves Ulysses from a Hulk. Ulysses learns that the Inhumans left Earth when Tony Stark "pushed her too far".
During the "Inhumans vs. X-Men" storyline, Inferno and Iso escape through Eldrac to get away from Wolverine, only to end up running into Logan. While Inferno distracts Logan, Iso discovers Forge nearby with a device that the X-Men are planning to use to destroy the Terrigen Cloud. Iso and Inferno manage to defeat Logan and Forge, then flee as they take Forge prisoner.
During the "Monsters Unleashed" storyline, Logan is seen fighting Leviathons in Louisiana and receives help from Monstrom.
During the "RessurXion" storyline, Logan is seen as a member of Kitty Pryde's new Gold Team of X-Men as they fight Mesmero's incarnation of the Brotherhood of Mutants. It was discovered that the members were under Mesmero's control on behalf of Lydia Nance. After the Brotherhood of Mutants was defeated, the X-Men track down Lydia Nance and state that they will come for her if she tries anything against them again.
While spending some alone time in the woods as part of the "Weapons of Mutant Destruction" storyline, Logan is attacked by Weapon X cyborgs, forcing him to team up with Sabretooth to confront the current iteration of the organization, whose goal is to hunt mutantkind to extinction. This experiment led to the creation of Weapon H.
Logan later went on the trail of the Regenix drug which took him to Ikebukuro where he fought the head of the operation and the Crazy Thunder Gang. After being directed to Touku Kenmochi, he learns that he has died and meets with his widow Asami where she stated that Touku was coerced into bringing the Regenix samples to the Crazy Thunder Gang. Their conversation is crashed by the Hand Ninjas led by Gorgon and Scarlet Samurai. When Logan was subdued, Gorgon ordered Scarlet Samurai to remove her helmet as Logan discovered that Scarlet Samurai is the resurrected Mariko Yashida who hesitated to attack Logan enabling him and Asami to get away. When the Silver Samurai wanted to ally himself with Logan, he agreed in exchange that he doesn't kill Mariko and that Touku and Asami's child is taken care of. When Logan and Silver Samurai attack the Hand's Regenix operations, Silver Samurai fought Gorgon while Logan fought the Hand Ninjas to confront Mariko. After Gorgon got away, Silver Samurai injected nanites into Mariko to break the Hand's control over her. Afterwards, Logan and Mariko sent Silver Samurai to destroy the Regenix shipments in Madripoor.
Recently, Old Man Logan, Lady Deathstrike, and Sabretooth were captured by a group of anti-mutant terrorists called the Orphans Of X and were all killed, having all their heads blown off by bullets covered in Muramasa metal and their healing factors nullified temporarily, until being rescued by X-23 Wolverine. They were later revived.
Dead Man Logan
After defeating an alternate version of the Maestro, Logan recognized that he was dying of old age, now relying on regenix to supplement his failing healing factor. He decided to set out to return to his original timeline after sorting out a few loose ends in this one, which included eliminating Mysterio so that the villain could never attempt the same feat he accomplished in Logan's past. Mysterio was recruited by Neo-HYDRA and Miss Sinister when they learned about Logan's history, but Mysterio eventually turned against Neo-HYDRA to aid the Avengers when he learned that Neo-HYDRA intended to kill him once they had won. Mysterio subsequently faked his death after Logan and the Avengers defeated Neo-HYDRA.
After a meeting with his resurrected counterpart, Logan asked Mariko to keep an eye on the version of his future wife in this timeline before he returned to the Wasteland via a time portal created by Forge. Returning to the Wastelands, Logan engaged Joseph Manfredi and his henchmen who are allied with Lizard in Florida, the Creel Gang in Georgia, and the Phantom Riders in Nashville, Tennessee. When Logan was captured by cannibals operating in the Ozarks, he is saved by Danielle Cage and Bruce Banner Jr. who inform him that a lot of villains like the Punisher Gang are looking for him after what he did to Red Skull and Hulk. What happened to Red Skull and the Hulk Gang caused a power vacuum in the Wastelands. After a fight with the Tranquility Temple that tried to kill him and Bruce Banner Jr., Logan drove his group to the Badlands where they met with Forge and Dwight Barrett. Forge's lair was attacked by Sabretooth and his clones. Forge unleashed an unstable Speedball from him container who destroyed the Sabretooth clones as Sabretooth made off with Bruce Jr. Tracking Sabretooth to a Weapon X facility, Logan and Danielle discovered that the head of the Weapon X facility is Mister Sinister who created the Sabretooth clones and claimed that he orchestrated the villains' rise to power which Red Skull took the credit for. After Logan and Danielle Cage rescued Bruce Banner Jr., they got chased by the Sabretooth clones until Danielle picked up Mjolnir and became the new Thor. Logan would eventually meet his end after killing Sabretooth and Mister Sinister, weakly affirming that his healing factor has finally worn out and he just exhausted his final vial of Regenix. Dani and Bruce take him back to the graves of his deceased family and he dies looking up into the sun. After burying Logan with his family, Danielle Cage, now acting as the new Thor, Bruce Banner Jr. as the new Hulk, and Dwight Barrett as the new Ant-Man, formed a new incarnation of the Avengers and vow to keep fighting the opposition until they can find a place they can call home.
Other versions
Venomverse
In the Venomverse crossover, the Earth-21923 version of Old Man Logan raises Bruce Jr. for fifteen years before telling him of his true parentage. Bruce Jr. leaves his adoptive father in anger as Logan is eventually found by Archangel, who evaded being killed by the villains. Archangel (seeking revenge for the massacre of the X-Men) is then revealed to be working with Bruce Jr. and Spider-Bitch, who viewing Logan's escape with her father fifteen years earlier as the only blemish on her career as Kingpin of the Wastelands, restrains him with web-shooters she had gotten from her grandfather Peter Parker's corpse and attempts to feed him to her captured Venom symbiote-infused T-rex; due to Ashley not inheriting a spider-sense, Logan pulls on the webs to feed her to the T-rex instead, only to be successfully fed to the T-rex himself by Archangel and Bruce Jr.. Emerging from the T-rex (killing it) with the symbiote bonded to himself as the Old Man Venom, Logan kills Archangel before berating Bruce Jr. for his actions. After considering killing him, Logan tells him that he cannot because he loves him, only to be transported to another reality before he can finish his sentence, where a Venomized Captain America tells him to prepare for war with the Poisons. Logan then spends much of the war fighting alongside a Venomized Laura Kinney, before he is apparently killed when the Venoms destroy the Poisons' ship.
In other media
Film
Old Man Logan was an inspiration for the 2017 film Logan. While featuring an original premise and being set in an alternate timeline just like the comic, the film likewise features an aging Logan suffering from a degrading healing factor while going on a journey across the country with an old friend in a bleak future after the deaths of his fellow X-Men (implied to be due to Professor X suffering a psychic seizure due to old age).
Novels
In November 2021, author Eoin Colfer expressed interest in writing a future "superviolent" sequel to his Artemis Fowl series inspired by Old Man Logan. Colfer has written the novel Iron Man: The Gauntlet, adapted from the Iron Man comics.
Podcast
In 2021, Marvel New Media and Sirius XM announced Marvel's Wastelanders, a series of podcasts set in a version of the Old Man Logan/Wastelands universe, with Robert Patrick voicing Wolverine. The 10-episode Marvel's Wastelanders: Wolverine story arc began in June 2022 and featured a guilt-ridden Wolverine working to help a young mutant reach safety as the President Red Skull tries to hunt him down.
Video games
The Old Man Logan incarnations of Emma Frost, Hawkeye and Wolverine are available as alternate costumes for the respective characters in Marvel Heroes.
Old Man Logan is a playable character in Marvel: Contest of Champions.
Old Man Logan is a playable character in Marvel Puzzle Quest.
Collected editions
Notes
References
External links
Old Man Logan of Earth-807128 at Marvel Wiki
Old Man Logan of Earth-21923 at Marvel Wiki
Old Man Logan Reading Order Guide at How to Love Comics
Comics by Mark Millar
Wolverine (comics) titles
Cannibalism in fiction
Incest in fiction
Fictional characters from parallel universes
Fictional characters with slowed ageing
Fictional characters with superhuman senses
Marvel Comics characters with accelerated healing
Marvel Comics characters with superhuman strength
Marvel Comics martial artists
Marvel Comics mutants
Fictional characters from Sacramento, California
Fictional Canadian people in comics
Fictional fist-load fighters
Fictional pacifists
Cyberpunk comics
Wolverine (comics)
X-Men members |
6905244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grunay | Grunay | Grunay is an uninhabited island in the Out Skerries group, the most easterly part of Shetland, Scotland. Its area is 55.58 acres, or 22.49 hectares.
The island is the site of the lighthouse keeper's house for the lighthouse on the nearby Bound Skerry. This house was abandoned following the automation of the light in 1972.
A Blenheim IV bomber from No. 404 Squadron RCAF crashed on the south side of the island on the morning of 21 February 1942, possibly crippled by enemy fire off the coast of Norway. A plaque was placed on the island in 1990 to commemorate the crew by the nephew of one of the three men who died.
See also
List of islands of Scotland
References
Uninhabited islands of Shetland |
20474531 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamboats%20of%20the%20upper%20Columbia%20and%20Kootenay%20Rivers | Steamboats of the upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers | From 1886 to 1920, steamboats ran on the upper reaches of the Columbia and Kootenay in the Rocky Mountain Trench, in western North America. The circumstances of the rivers in the area, and the construction of transcontinental railways across the trench from east to west made steamboat navigation possible.
Geographic factors
The Columbia River begins at Columbia Lake, flows north in the trench through the Columbia Valley to Windermere Lake to Golden, British Columbia. The Kootenay River flows south from the Rocky Mountains, then west into the Rocky Mountain Trench, coming within just over a mile (1.6 km) from Columbia Lake, at a point called Canal Flats, where a shipping canal was built in 1889. The Kootenay then flows south down the Rocky Mountain Trench, crosses the international border and then turns north back into Canada and into Kootenay Lake near the town of Creston.
The upper Columbia and the upper Kootenay rivers were different in character. From Columbia Lake to Golden, the Columbia river is shallow and slow, running through twisting channels and falling only in elevation from its headwaters to Golden. From Golden the river flows north to Donald, then turns sharply south at the Big Bend, where it continues south past Revelstoke then south to Arrowhead, where it widens into the Arrow Lakes. The Big Bend, in its natural state before the construction of the Revelstoke and Mica dams, included a series of rapids which made it impassable to steam navigation proceeding upriver from the Arrow Lakes.
The Kootenay River (before the construction of the Libby Dam) flowed faster than the Columbia south down through Jennings Canyon, an extremely hazardous stretch of whitewater, on the way to Jennings and Libby, Montana. Larger steamboats could operate on the upper Kootenay than on the upper Columbia. The Kootenay river flows on into Idaho, where it turns north and flows back into Canada. Near Creston the Kootenay River enters Kootenay Lake. With some difficulty, steamboats could progress up the lower Kootenay to railhead at Bonners Ferry, Idaho. Rapids and falls on the Kootenay blocked steam navigation between Bonner's Ferry and Libby.
Rail construction
Rail construction in Canada and the United States made steam navigation possible in the Rocky Mountain Trench. There were two important railheads, Golden, BC and Jennings, Montana, near Libby. At Golden, the transcontinental line of the Canadian Pacific Railway ("CPR"), which parallels the Columbia south from the bridge at Donald, turns east to follow the Kicking Horse River, surmounting the Continental Divide at Kicking Horse Pass, then running past the resort at Banff then east to Calgary. Jennings was reached by the Great Northern Railway, built across the Northern United States from Minnesota to Washington by James J. Hill. Between these railheads the Rocky Mountain Trench ran for , almost all of which was potentially accessible to steam navigation. Canal Flats was close to the midpoint, being just south of Columbia Lake, upstream from Golden.
Beginning of steam navigation
, Frank P. Armstrong assembled a steamboat from miscellaneous planks and timbers that were lying around at an old sawmill. The result was the Duchess, launched in 1886 at Golden. Two early passengers wrote that her appearance was "somewhat decrepit" and Armstrong himself later agreed that she was "a pretty crude steamboat."
In 1886 an "uprising" among the First Nations was occurring far down the Rocky Mountain Trench along the Kootenay River. A detachment of the North-West Mounted Police, under Major (later General) Samuel Benfield Steele (1848–1919), was sent to Golden with orders to proceed to the Kootenay to quell the so-called uprising. Steele decided to hire Armstrong and the Duchess to transport his troopers. This proved to be a mistake, as once the expedition's horse fodder, ammunition, officers' uniforms, and other supplies were loaded on board, Duchess capsized and sank. After this setback, Steele decided to hire the only other steam vessel on the upper Columbia, the Clive.
Clive which like Duchess was assembled from various cast-off and second-hand components, was an even worse vessel. Once Steele had loaded his trooper's equipment on Clive, that vessel sank as well. Steele and his troop ended up riding the south to Galbraith's Landing. This took about a month. When they arrived, the troopers set up a standard military encampment which later became the town of Fort Steele. By this time, the "uprising" was over.
Professionally constructed steamboats appear
Armstrong was eventually able to raise Duchess from the river bottom. He then applied the odd-shaped steamer to make enough money in 1887 to have a new sternwheeler built, also called Duchess. Armstrong hired the veteran shipbuilder Alexander Watson, of Victoria, British Columbia, to build the new steamer, which although small, was well-designed and looked like a steamboat instead of a floating old barn. Someone arranged to have handbills printed up, which on one side bore a woodcut print showing an idealized version of the new Duchess, and on the other side bore a statement showing the company's marketing strategy, which was to appeal to tourists, miners, hunters, and intending settlers, holding out the Duchess as the best means of accessing the Columbia Valley.
The handbill then praised the climate of the Columbia Valley as "WITHOUT EXCEPTION THE FINEST ON THE CONTINENT OF AMERICA" which even so was available at $1.00 per acre, payable five years. Gold mining was said to be prosperous, with the hint of more yet to be discovered, as "the country has not been explored off the beaten paths". All kinds of supplies were to be had cheaper than they could be shipped at Golden City all kinds of supplies can be obtained more cheaply than they can be brought in "by the Tourist, Settler, or Miner". Finally, the handbill advertised the important role and schedule that the new steamer Duchess would play in the development of the Columbia Valley:
Armstrong also had built a second steamer, Marion, which although smaller than the second Duchess, needed only six inches of water to run in. This was an advantage in the often shallow waters of the Columbia above Golden, where as Armstrong put it, "the river's bottom was often very close to the river's top".
Navigation improvements
The upper Columbia was choked with snags, which were sunken logs jammed in the river bottom and sticking into the river. These could be significant barriers to navigation, as shown by the 23 days it took Clive to travel the up to Windermere Lake. A significant reason for this delay were the numerous snags in the river. Snag removal was done by a specialized vessel called a "snag boat" which was equipped with a large hoist and powerful winches to pull the snags out of the river. ( Samson V at New Westminster, BC and W.T. Preston, at Anacortes, Washington, are two excellent existing examples of Pacific Northwest sternwheel snagboats.) In 1892, the Dominion government put a snag boat, the Muskrat o the upper river, which must have significantly improved river transportation.
Another barrier to navigation on the upper Columbia was the numerous sandbars that were used by spawning salmon. A clam shell dredge was employed to deepen the sandbars by digging out the river bottom. This would have had the adverse side effect of damaging the salmon spawning grounds.
Carrying the mail
Armstrong obtained a contract from the Canadian Post Office Department on May 1, 1888, to carry mail on the route from Golden to Cranbrook. Armstrong carried the mail twice a week on Duchess, or when the water was low, on Marion, up to Columbia Lake. Once at the lake, the steamer connected with a stage line, which ran the mail across Canal Flats and down the valley of the Kootenay River to Grohman, Fort Steele, and Cranbrook. The contract was renewed in the years from 1889 to 1992. When the mail could not be carried on the river, due to low or frozen water, Armstrong had mail carried overland on the Columbia Valley wagon road. The mail contracts were renewed from 1893 to 1897, with the mail running from Golden to the St. Eugene Mission in the Kootenay Valley. The mail contract provided an important subsidy for Captain Armstrong and the Upper Columbia Company.
Persons living along the upper Columbia who wished to mail lighters or have freight shipped would hail or flag down the mail steamer. The boat's captain would then nose the bow of the boat into the bank using the boat's sternwheel to keep the vessel in place. The mail would be picked up or the freight loaded, the fees collected, and the vessel would proceed. In April 1897 the Upper Columbia Company lost the mail contact, which created a situation where customers would flag down the steamer for a letter which the steamer was getting paid no money to carry.
Upper Columbia Company "postage stamps"
Reluctant to antagonize potential freight customers by refusing letters, but not wishing to interrupt company operations for free mail carriage, the company's purser, C.H. Parson, had the company print up its own postage stamps. One thousand "stamps" with the initials "U.C." (for Upper Columbia Company) and the denomination of 5 cents were printed. One thousand more "labels" with just the initials "U.C" were also printed. An ordinary letter in those days cost 3 cents to send, so the Upper Columbia Company's "stamps" were considerably more than regular postage. The idea seems to have been to discourage the use of the steamer for mail, and perhaps to make a little money on the side. The details of how stamps and labels were used are not clear, but clearly some did pass through the Canadian mails with additional official postage stamps also affixed. Genuine envelopes (called "covers") bearing the stamps or labels of the Upper Columbia Company are rare philatelic items and are sought after by stamp collectors.
Covers bearing the labels or stamps of the Upper Columbia Company attracted the attention of stamp collectors and became sought-after rarities. Faked covers have appeared, made with the objective of deceiving collectors. Knowledge of the history of the Upper Columbia Company is important to make judgment as to whether a particular cover is genuine or a fake.
The Baillie-Grohman Canal
In the early 1880s a wealthy European adventurer, William Adolf Baillie-Grohman (1851–1921), travelled to the Kootenay Region and became obsessed with developing an area far down the Kootenay River near the southern end of Kootenay Lake called Kootenay Flats, near the modern town of Creston, BC. The problem for Baillie-Grohman was that the Kootenay River kept flooding Kootenay Flats. Baillie-Grohman thought the downstream flooding could be lessened by diverting the upstream portion of the Kootenay River into the Columbia River through the Canal Flats. This would have increased the water flow through the Columbia River, particularly near Golden and Donald, where Baillie-Grohman's proposal, if it had been implemented, would have threatened to flood the newly built transcontinental railroad and other areas of the Columbia Valley.
The provincial government refused to allow the diversion. However, Baillie-Grohman was able to obtain ownership of large areas of land in the Kootenay region, provided he engaged in certain forms of economic development, including construction of a shipping canal and a lock. The lock was necessary because the Kootenay River was than the level of Columbia Lake.
The Baillie-Grohman canal was used only three times by steam-powered vessels. In 1893, Armstrong built Gwendoline at Hansen's Landing on the Kootenay River, and took the vessel through the canal north to the shipyard at Golden to complete her fitting out. In late May 1894 Armstrong returned the completed Gwendoline back to the Kootenay River, transiting the canal.
The canal remained unused until 1902, Armstrong brought North Star north from the Kootenay to the Columbia. The transit of North Star was only made possible by the destruction of the lock at the canal, thus making it unusable.
The Upper Columbia Navigation and Tramway Company
About north of Columbia Lake, the river widened again into another lake. Originally this was called Mud Lake, which may have been an indication of its depth and general condition, but later this was changed to Adela Lake. The stretch between Adela Lake and Columbia Lake was shallow and difficult to navigate even for the very shallow draft steamers that Armstrong was running on the river. Armstrong's solution to the problem was to incorporate the Upper Columbia Navigation and Tramway Company ("UCN&TC"). The company's charter required it to construct two tramways to improve transport. Armstrong served as manager and T.B.H. Cochrane as president.
The Upper Columbia Company built two horse or mule-drawn tramways, one at the start of the route running from the CPR depot at Golden Station to the point south where the Kicking Horse River ran into the Columbia. It was here that the company had located its steamboat dock.
The second tramway was located further upriver. It ran in length, from Adela Lake, BC. south to Columbia Lake. The tramways were like railways except that the cars were horsedrawn, and the carts were much smaller than rail cars. The company had steamers on Columbia Lake and the Kootenay River, but did not use the Grohman Canal, portaging traffic over Canal Flats rather than using the canal, which in fact was only used twice by steamboats during its existence.
With the tramways in place, the transportation chain from the rail depot at Golden to Jennings Montana ran as follows. Freight would be taken on the tramway to the steamboat dock at Golden, and loaded on a steamer. The steamer ran upriver to the south end of Windermere Lake. The freight would then be portaged around Mud (or Adlin) Lake, to Columbia Lake. Once at Columbia Lake, the cargo would be loaded again on a steamboat, this time the Pert and run to the south end of Columbia Lake, where it was unloaded again, portaged across Canal Flats and loaded again on another steamer on the Kootenay river, and run down to Jennings, passing through Jennings Canyon.
Steam navigation begins on the upper Kootenay River
Mining activity was increasing in the upper Kootenay valley in the early 1890s. Miners wanted access to the area and needed transport for their supplies. The ore taken out of the mountains had to be hauled out of the area. In the early 1890s there were no railroads near the area, and without transport to a smelter, the mined ore was valueless. The nearest railhead was that of the Great Northern Railway at Jennings, Montana, well over away from the major mining strikes at Kimberley and Moyie Lake. Overland transport out of the question. The ore could only be moved by marine transport on the Kootenay River. With this in mind, Walter Jones and Captain Harry S. DePuy organized the Upper Kootenay Navigation Company ("UKNC") and in the winter of 1891 to 1892, built at Jennings the small sternwheeler Annerly. With the spring breakup of the ice in 1893, DePuy and Jones were able to get Annerly upriver to Quick Ranch, about south of Fort Steele, BC. Once there, Annerly was able to embark passengers and load of ore. Returning to Jennings, Jones and DePuy were able to make enough money to hire veteran James D. Miller (1830–1907), one of the most experienced steamboat men in the Pacific Northwest, to hand Annerly for the rest of the 1893 season.
Rise of competition on the Kootenay River
Armstrong also wished to take advantage of the demand for shipping, so moving south from the Columbia to the Kootenay, he built the small sternwheeler Gwendoline at Hansen's Landing, about north of the present town of Wasa. Instead of taking the ore south to Jennings, Armstrong's plan was to move the ore north across Canal Flats and then down the Columbia to the CPR railhead at Golden. As described, Armstrong took Gwendoline through the Baillie-Grohman canal in the fall of 1893 (or rolled her across Canal Flats), fitted her out at Golden, and returned through the canal in the spring of 1894.
In March 1896, Miller shifted over to run Annerly as an associate of Armstrong's Upper Columbia Navig. & Tramway Co. In 1896, Armstrong and Miller built Ruth at Libby, Montana. Launched April 22, 1896, Ruth at 275 tons was the largest steamer yet to operate on the upper Kootenay River. Ruth, like the second Duchess, was designed and built by a professional shipwright. For Ruth the shipwright Louis Pacquet, of Portland, Oregon. Ruth made the runs downriver to Jennings and the smaller Gwendoline ran upriver with the traffic to Canal Flats and the portage tramway.
The combination of Armstrong, Miller and Wardner, and their construction of Ruth created serious competition for Jones and DePuy of UKNC with their only steamer the barely-adequate Annerly. Large sacks of ore were piling up at Hansen's Landing from the mines, and all needed transport. The competitors reached an agreement to split the traffic on the Kootenay river between them. To earn their share of the revenues from this split, DePuy and Jones built Rustler (125 tons) at Jennings 1896. Rustler reached Hansen's Landing in June 1896 on her run up from Jennings.
Another competitor was Captain Tom Powers, of Tobacco Plain, Montana who traded 15 cayuse horses for the machinery to build a small steamer near Fort Steele, which was called Fool Hen. The machinery was too large for Fool Hen and there was no room for freight. Powers used discarded wooden packing cases from Libby merchants to make his paddlewheel buckets, so that as the steamer churned down the river, the merchants' names rotated again and again as the wheel turned. Shortly after Fool Hen was finished, Powers then removed the engines and placed them in a new steamer, the Libby. This time the engines proved to be too small for the hull, and Libby was used only sporadically in 1894 and 1895.
Jennings Canyon
Once in the United States, the Kootenay river, in its natural state before the construction of the Libby Dam, flowed through Jennings Canyon to the settlement of Jennings, Montana. Jennings has almost completely disappeared as a town, but it was near Libby, Montana. Above Jennings, the Kootenay River narrowed as it ran through Jennings Canyon, which was a significant hazard to any river navigation. A particularly dangerous stretch was known as the Elbow. Jennings Canyon was described by Professor Lyman as "a strip of water, foaming-white, downhill almost as on a steep roof, hardly wider than steamboat".
No insurance agent would write a policy for steamboats and cargo transiting the Jennings Canyon. Captain Armstrong once persuaded an agent from San Francisco to consider making a quote on premiums. The agent decided to examine the route for himself, and went on board with Armstrong as the captain's boat shot through the canyon. At the end of the trip, the agent's quote for a policy was one-quarter of the value of the cargo. Faced with this quote, Armstrong decided to forego insurance.
The huge profits to be made seemed to justify the risk. Combined the two steamers could earn $2,000 in gross receipts per day, a lot of money in 1897. By comparison, the sternwheeler J.D. Farrell (1897), cost $20,000 to build in 1897. In ten days of operation then, an entire steamboat could be paid for.
There were no more than seven steamboats that ever passed through Jennings Canyon, Annerly, Gwendoline, Libby, Rustler, Ruth, J.D. Farrell, and North Star (1897). Of these only Annerly and Libby were not wrecked in the canyon. Armstrong and Miller unsuccessfully tried to get the U.S. Government to finance clearing of some of the rocks and obstructions in Jennings Canyon. Without government help, they hired crews themselves to do the work over two winters, but the results were not of much value.
Rustler was the first steamboat casualty of Jennings Canyon. In the summer of 1896, after just six weeks of operation, Rustler was caught in an eddy in the canyon swirled around and smashed into the rocks and damaged beyond repair. This left DePuy and Jones with just one vessel, the "nasty little Annerly", as historian D.M. Wilson described her. DePuy and Jones were unable to stay in business after the loss of Rustler and were forced to sell their facilities at Jennings, as well as Annerly to Armstrong, Miller and Wardner. With their principal competitors gone, Armstrong, Miller and Wardner incorporated their firm on April 5, 1897, in the state of Washington, as the International Transportation Company ("ITC") with nominal headquarters in Spokane. With salvaged machinery from Rustler, they built North Star, launching the new vessel at Jennings on May 28, 1897.
The wreck of Gwendoline and Ruth on May 7, 1897, was perhaps the most spectacular. With no insurance coverage, both Ruth and Gwendoline were running through Jennings Canyon. Ruth under Capt. Sanborn was about an hour ahead of Gwendoline, under Armstrong himself. Both steamers were heavily loaded, and a 26 car train was waiting at Jennings to receive their cargo. Ruth came to the Elbow, lost control, and came to rest blocking the main channel. Gwendoline came through at high speed, and could not avoid smashing into Ruth. No one was killed. However, Ruth was totally destroyed, Gwendoline was seriously damaged, and the cargoes on both steamers were lost. The North Star was near to being complete when the disaster occurred, and once it was launched, Armstrong was able to complete 21 round trips on the Kootenay before low water forced him to tie up on September 3, 1897.
Steam navigation ends on upper Kootenay river
In the summer of 1897 a new competitor for Armstrong, Miller and Wardell arose. With the backing of John D. Farrell, steamboat captain M.L. McCormack on August 16, 1897, incorporated the Kootenai River Transportation Company, and commenced building a new steamer, J.D. Farrell, which was launched on November 8, 1897, and completed over the coming winter. In the meantime, in January 1898, both Armstrong and Wardner sold out their shares in the International Trading Company, and went north to Alaska to participate in the Klondike Gold Rush, with Armstrong deciding to try his chances at making money as a steamboat captain on the Stikine River then being promoted as the "All-Canadian" route to the Yukon River gold fields.
J.D. Farrell, the largest steamboat ever built on either the upper Kootenay or Columbia Rivers, and sporting such frontier luxuries as bathrooms, electric lighting, and steam heat, reached Fort Steele on April 28, 1898, her first trip up the Kootenay. Built to last ten years, this fine steamer was to run for only a single season on the Kootenay. On June 8, 1898, Captain McCormack was taking J.D. Farrell south through Jennings Canyon in "hurricane" strength headwind, which blew her off course into a rock, knocking a hole in the stern. McCormack managed to get the steamer to shallow water before she sank up to the wheelhouse. Her owners were able to raise J.D. Farrell and make a few more trips that season.
By October 1898 enough rail lines were completed along the upper Kootenay to terminate steam navigation as a competitive transportation method. In particular, the completion of Crow's Nest Railway on October 6, 1898, and development of smelters in the Kootenay region, particularly at Trail, BC, near the southern end of the Arrow Lakes, allowed ore to be routed to smelters by rail, completely bypassing Jennings.
The surviving upper Kootenay boats, North Star, J.D. Farrell, and Gwendoline were laid up at Jennings. (Annerly had been dismantled by then.) J.D. Farrell and North Star were tied up for almost three years at Jennings until finding employment supporting construction of a rail line to Fernie, BC. J.D. Farrell was later dismantled, with engines and machinery being reused on another steamer. (This was the general practice.) North Star was sold back to Captain Armstrong when he returned from his Yukon adventure, and on June 4, 1902, he took her north to the Columbia River on his famous dynamite-aided transit of the decrepit Baillie-Grohman canal. With North Star gone, steamboating on the upper Kootenay ended for good.
Of the last three Kootenay boats, Gwendoline'''s fate was unique. When Armstrong and Wardner left ITC for the north, James D. Miller was in charge of the ITC boats. Striking on the idea of moving Gwendoline to the lower Kootenay River by rail, where she could be run profitably again, or at least so it was hoped. In June 1899 he had the vessel loaded on three flat cars. Disaster then struck when the vessel was shifted to fit around a trackside rock cut. The boat was moved too close to the edge, flipped off the rail cars and landed in a canyon, which the Libby Press described:
Later operations on the upper Columbia River
While Armstrong was on the Kootenay and the Klondike mining booms, a few interlopers had appeared on the upper Columbia. In 1899, H.E. Forster a wealthy politician and occasional steamboat captain, brought Selkirk by rail from Shuswap Lake to Golden, where he launched her but used her as a yacht and not, at least initially, as commercial vessel. Also, Captain Alexander Blakely bought the little sidewheeler Pert and operated her on the river. In 1899 Duchess became involved in the Stolen Church Affair, in which a dispute arose over ownership of a church in Donald, with one party packing up the entire church and moving it to Golden, and disputant party removing the bell from the church while en route to Golden on board Duchess. (The church itself was later moved to Windermere, without the bell.)
In 1902 Duchess was dismantled. In 1903 Captain Armstrong built a new steamer, Ptarmigan, using the engines from Duchess which by then were over 60 years old. In 1911, the same engines were installed in the newly built steamer Nowitka. With the construction of railroads, and economic dislocation caused by Canada's participation in the Great War, steamboat activity tapered off starting about 1915. Steamboat men from the route themselves went to war. Captain Armstrong supervised British river transport in the Middle East, on the Nile and Tigris river. Captain Blakey's son John Blakely (1889–1963), who had trained under his father and Captain Armstrong, went to Europe and was one of only six survivors when his ship was torpedoed in the English Channel.
Last steamboat runs on the upper Columbia riverNowitka made the last steamboat run on the upper Columbia in May 1920, when under Captain Armstrong she pushed a pile-driver to build a bridge at Brisco NW of Invermere, which when complete was too low to allow a steamboat to pass under it. Armstrong himself had found employment with the Dominion government on his return from the war. He was seriously injured in an accident in Nelson, BC and died in a hospital in Vancouver, BC in January 1923. His own life had spanned the entire history of steam navigation in the Rocky Mountain Trench from 1886 to 1920. In 1948, Captain John Blakely built a sternwheeler of his own, the Radium Queen, which had to be small to fit under the Brisco bridge.
Modern archaeological investigations
In April 2001, members of the Kootenay Chapter of the British Columbia Underwater Archaeological Society ("BCUAS") found two previously undocumented wrecks of vessels near the site of the Columbia River Lumber Company mill. The two hulls were buried deeply in mud. Members of the expedition believed one of the vessels was Nowitka. The expedition also located and mapped the wreck F.P. Armstrong which was within 2 km of Columbia Lake. Most of the Armstrong wreck is under 50 to 80 cm of mud. Some tongue and grove panelling, believed to have come from either the decking or the superstructure, was located downstream. The expedition used a metal detector at the site, and the findings indicated that the machinery and boiler had been removed from the hull. Downstream near the Riverside Golf Course, the expedition found a larger wreck, of which 8 meters of hull framing was exposed. The 7 meter beam of the hull was greater than any vessel ever placed on the upper Columbia except North Star. Whether this was a powered vessel or an unpowered barge could not be determined.
Lists of vessels
See also
Frank P. Armstrong
Baillie-Grohman Canal
Steamboats of the Arrow Lakes
Steamboats of the Upper Fraser River
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Notes
External links
Fort Steele Heritage Town, map and diagram page Contains period maps of East Kootenay region, including original maps and later working diagrams of the Baillie-Grohman canal.
Taming the Kootenay, Creston and District Historical and Museum Society Multi-media presentation of history of Canal Flats and the East Kootenay region
Columbia Basin Institute of Regional History
Crowsnest Railway Route
SS Moyie National Historical Site Oldest surviving sternwheeler in the Pacific Northwest and in Canada. Last surviving steernwheeler of the entire Kootaney-Arrow Lakes region.
Further reading
Kluckner, Michael, Vanishing British Columbia'', University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver BC, 2005
Lees, J.A., and Clutterbuck, W.J., B.C. 1887—A Ramble In British Columbia, Longman, Greens & Co., London 1888.
Upper Columbia
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Steamboats of the Kootenay River
Columbia Valley
Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
History of British Columbia
History of Montana
Lincoln County, Montana
Postal history of Canada |
23577073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brogo%20River | Brogo River | Brogo River, a perennial river that is part of the Bega River catchment, is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Brogo River rises below the Wadbilliga Range, that is part of the Great Dividing Range, within the Wadbilliga National Park, west of Cobargo and flows generally southeast, joined by eight minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Bega River near Bega. The river descends over its course.
At an elevation of , Brogo River is impounded by Brogo Dam to form Brogo Reservoir, a reservoir with a capacity of , that is used for environmental flows, hydro-power generation, irrigation, and water supply.
See also
Delta Electricity
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A-K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales) |
23577076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckenbowra%20River | Buckenbowra River | Buckenbowra River, a perennial river of the Clyde River catchment, is located in the upper ranges of the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Buckenbowra River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range within Monga National Park, approximately northeast of the village of Monga, flows through a series of heavily wooded gorges, joined by two minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Clyde River within Clyde River National Park, around from the town of Batemans Bay. The river descends over its course.
History
The traditional custodians of the land surrounding Buckenbowra River are the Indigenous Australian people of the Walbanja clan.
European settlement occurred in the 1830s when a horse trail was established running beside the waterway. In the 1850s this rough track was replaced with a convict-built road, supported in cuttings by dry stone walls. The road was abandoned during the nineteenth century, with one forgotten section rediscovered in 2005.
Flora and fauna
The gorges through which the Buckenbowra River flows are dominated by stands of casuarina trees. Mangroves are endemic along the river banks, providing the only recorded habitat for the lichen Pertusaria melaleucoides.
Fish species include Australian grayling and Australian bass.
See also
Budawang Range
Corn Trail
Deua National Park
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
Eurobodalla Shire |
23577082 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button%27s%20Mill%2C%20Diss | Button's Mill, Diss | Jay's Mill, Button's Mill or Victoria Road Mill is a tower mill at Diss, Norfolk, England which has been truncated and converted to residential accommodation.
History
Button's Mill was built c1817 on what was then Diss Common for Thomas Jay who had purchased the land that the mill was built on in that year. Jay also owned a post mill at Stuston Road. The mill was built with eight sails, but these were blown off on 28 November 1836. Jay's post mill at Stuston Road had been blown down in a gale four days earlier. The tower mill was repaired by millwright Henry Rush, but now only sported four sails; a replacement post mill was also built.
Thomas Jay died on 3 April 1847 and the mill was run by his widow Sarah. It was offered for sale by auction on 5 September 1853 at the King's Head Hotel, Diss but remained unsold. It was again offered for sale October in 1856 and purchased by Michael Hawes. He was succeeded by William Hawes who retired in 1880. The mill was sold by auction at the Kings Head Hotel and bought by John Button. Button had worked various post mills around Diss and been in business for 24 years at that time. A steam engine had been installed as auxiliary power by this date. In 1892, roller milling equipment was added. The steam engine was later replaced by an oil engine.
A sail was lost in 1928, by which time the mill was being worked by John B Button. The mill worked on a single pair of sails until 1929 when the fantail was damaged. The remaining pair of sails, which had previously been on Mount Pleasant Mill, Framlingham, Suffolk, were sold c1936 and found further use at Terling Mill, Essex. They were transported to Terling by rail and completed their journey by horse and cart. The cap was removed and the mill truncated by one storey. It was then used as part of a saw mill. In 1968, the mill was purchased and converted to residential accommodation.
Description
Button's Mill was a six-storey tower mill with a domed cap which was winded by a fantail. It was built with eight sails but rebuilt with four double Patent sails in 1837. The sails had a span of and were wide. They were carried on a cast-iron windshaft. The wooden brake wheel was diameter, with iron segment teeth. The four pairs of French Burr millstones were driven overdrift.
Millers
Thomas Jay 1817-1847
Sarah Jay 1847-56
William Michael Hawes 1856-80
John Button 1880-83
John & William Edward Button 1883-1922
John B Button -1929
Reference for above:-
References
External links
Windmill World webpage on Button's Mill.
Windmills in Norfolk
Tower mills in the United Kingdom
Grinding mills in the United Kingdom
Multi-sailed windmills
Industrial buildings completed in 1817
Diss, Norfolk |
23577084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunnoo%20River | Bunnoo River | The Bunnoo River is a river of the state of New South Wales in Australia.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales |
23577096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983%E2%80%9384%20Libyan%20Premier%20League | 1983–84 Libyan Premier League | The 1983–84 Libyan Premier League was the 17th edition of the competition since its inception in 1963. The 16 competing teams were split into two groups of 8. The top team in each group advanced to a one-off playoff match to decide the championship. The bottom club in each club was relegated.
Overview
In Group A, Nasr won the group by one point from Ittihad, while in Group B, Ahly Tripoli won their group on goal difference from Ahly Benghazi.
In the final, held at the 11 June Stadium, Ahly Tripoli defeated Nasr 1–0, and in doing so, won their 6th national championship.
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Final
Played at 11 June Stadium, Tripoli on July 6, 1984
Ahly Tripoli 1–0 Nasr
Ahly Tripoli therefore win the Libyan Premier League and qualified for the 1983 African Cup of Champions Clubs. As there was no Libyan Cup competition at this time, Nasr qualified for the 1983 African Cup Winners' Cup.
References
Libya - List of final tables (RSSSF)
Libyan Premier League seasons
1
Libya |
20474542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%20Thernstrom | Stephan Thernstrom | Stephan Thernstrom (born November 5, 1934) is an American academic and historian who is the Winthrop Research Professor of History Emeritus at Harvard University. He is a specialist in ethnic and social history and was the editor of the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. He and his wife Abigail Thernstrom are prominent opponents of affirmative action in education and according to the New York Times, they "lead the conservative charge against racial preference in America."
Early life and education
Thernstrom was born and raised in a working-class family in Port Huron, Michigan. His father was the son of a Swedish-born immigrant laborer and worked on the railroad. Thernstrom was raised a Christian Scientist, but was disillusioned with the faith. His family later moved to Battle Creek, Michigan. Thernstrom received his bachelor's degree from Northwestern University and his Ph.D. from Harvard University, working with Oscar Handlin.
Career
Thernstrom held faculty appointments at Harvard University, Brandeis University and the University of California, Los Angeles. He returned to Harvard with an appointment as full professor in 1973. From 1978 to 1979 Thernstrom was Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at the University of Cambridge.
He is the author of several prize-winning books including Poverty and Progress: Social Mobility in the 19th Century and The Other Bostonians: Poverty and Progress in the American Metropolis, 1880-1970, which won the Bancroft Prize in American History and was described by The New York Times Book Review as "the best piece of quantitative history yet published." Thernstrom has served as an expert witness for the defense in more than two dozen federal cases involving claims of racial discrimination in schools. He is the co-author of a brief in "Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle," challenging the constitutionality of Seattle's racial balancing plan.
He co-authored with his wife Abigail Thernstrom No Excuses: Closing the Racial Gap in Learning, named by both the Los Angeles Times and the American School Board Journal as one of the best books of 2003 and the winner of the 2007 Fordham Prize for Distinguished Scholarship. They also co-authored America in Black and White: One Nation, Indivisible, a comprehensive history of race relations which the New York Times Book Review named as one of the notable books of 1997. Their writings have been awarded the Waldo G. Leland Prize, R.R. Hawkins Award, and the Fordham Foundation Prize, 1997 Bradley Foundation prizes for Outstanding Intellectual Achievement, and the 2004 Peter Shaw Memorial Award given by the National Association of Scholars, an organization of conservative scholars. Their work attacks affirmative action programs.
According to the New York Times, "The couple are much in demand on the conservative talk-show circuit, where they forcefully argue that racial preferences are wrong, divisive and, as a tool to help minorities, overrated. They serve on the boards of conservative and libertarian public-policy institutes."
Personal life
Thernstrom married Abigail in 1959. They have two children, Melanie Thernstrom of Palo Alto, CA, a writer, and Samuel Thernstrom.
Bibliography
Poverty and progress; social mobility in a nineteenth century city (1964) online
"Yankee City Revisited: The Perils of Historical Naïveté." American Sociological Review (1965) 30#2 : 234-242 online.
"The Case of Boston." Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, (1967) vol. 79, pp. 109–122. online
"Notes on the historical study of social mobility." Comparative Studies in Society and History 10.2 (1968): 162-172 online.
Nineteenth-century cities; essays in the new urban history (1969) coeditor online
Poverty, planning, and politics in the new Boston: the origins of ABCD (1969) online
The other Bostonians; poverty and progress in the American metropolis, 1880-1970 (1973) online
Harvard encyclopedia of American ethnic groups editor (1980) online
A history of the American people (1984) online
"Reflections on the Shape of the River." UCLA Law Review 46 (1998): 1583+ with Abigail Thernstrom. online
Beyond the color line: new perspectives on race and ethnicity in America (2002) online
No excuses: Closing the racial gap in learning (2004), with Abigail M. Thernstrom.
America in black and white: One nation, indivisible (2009), with Abigail M. Thernstrom.
Notes
Further reading
Riess, Steven A. "The Impact of Poverty and Progress on the Generation of Historians Trained in the Late 1960s and Early 1970s." Social Science History 10.1 (1986): 23-32.
Stave, Bruce M., "A conversation with Stephan Thernstrom." Journal of Urban History 1.2 (1975): 189-215.
Thernstrom, Stephan; Ann Orlov, and Oscar Handlin, eds. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. (1980) online
External links
Manhattan Institute bio of Thernstrom
listing of New York Times articles that address the views of Thernstrom
Thernstrom's Bradley Prize acceptance remarks
Official website
1934 births
Academics of the University of Cambridge
American people of Swedish descent
Brandeis University faculty
Harvard University alumni
Harvard University faculty
Living people
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
Northwestern University alumni
People from Port Huron, Michigan
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Bancroft Prize winners |
23577097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bylong%20River | Bylong River | Bylong River, a perennial river of the Hunter River catchment, is located in the Central Tablelands and Upper Hunter regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Course
Bylong River rises in the central tablelands of the Capertee Valley, within Wollemi National Park, on the north-western slopes of the Great Dividing Range, below Goat Mountain, and flows generally north-east, joined by seven tributaries, including the Growee River, before reaching its confluence with the Goulburn River, north of the village of Bylong. The river descends over its course.
The Goulburn River eventually flows into the Hunter River, a major waterway which flows into the Tasman Sea at Newcastle.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of the Hunter Region |
6905245 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven%20Bridges%20Road | Seven Bridges Road | "Seven Bridges Road" is a song written by American musician Steve Young, recorded in 1969 for his Rock Salt & Nails album. It has since been covered by many artists, the best-known version being a five-part harmony arrangement by English musician Iain Matthews in 1973, later recorded by the American rock band the Eagles in 1980.
Composition and original recording
"Seven Bridges Road" is an ode to Woodley Road (County Road 39, Montgomery County, Alabama), a rural two-lane road which runs south off East Fairview Avenue - the southern boundary of the Cloverdale neighborhood of Montgomery, Alabama - at Cloverdale Road, and which features seven bridges: three pairs of bridges, and the seventh approximately 1 mile south by itself. The song's composer Steve Young, stated that and his friends "used to go out to Woodley Road carousing around": "I wound up writing this song that I never dreamed anybody would even relate to, or understand, or get. And I still don't understand why it was so successful, actually": "I don't know [exactly] what [the] song means": "Consciously... I [just] wrote...a song about a girl and a road in south Alabama": "But I think on another level the song has something kind of cosmic...that registers in the subconscious: the number seven has all of these religious and mystical connotations."
Living on-and-off in Montgomery in the early 1960s, Young stated that he made "a few close friends there who very different than the mainstream [locals. These friends told] me about this...Seven Bridges Road....As you went out into the countryside the road became this dirt road, and you crossed seven bridges, and then it was almost like an old Disney scene or something, with these high bank dirt roads and trees hanging down, old cemeteries, and so on. It was very beautiful...and on a moonlit night it was exceedingly beautiful." Young initially believed that Seven Bridges Road was his friends' personal byname for Woodley Road, stating, "I found out later that [it] had been called that for a long, long time. A lot of people over the years had been struck by the beauty of the road, and the folk name for it was Seven Bridges Road." Journalist Wayne Greenhaw in his book My Heart Is in the Earth: True Stories of Alabama & Mexico (Red River Publishing/ 2001) relates how on a Sunday in springtime he accompanied Young and their friend Jimmy Evans on a drive down Woodley Road to Orion for a guitar jam session with bluesman C. P. Austin, and that it was on the return trip up Woodley Road that Young began the composition of "Seven Bridges Road". Jimmy Evans, then Young's roommate and later Attorney General of Alabama, recalled frequenting Woodley Road, including the specific visit which triggered Young's writing the song, stating, "I'd go down [Woodley Road] to Orion a lot to listen to ...C. P. Austin...There [were] seven wooden bridges [on Woodley] and we'd go out there a lot...I thought it was the most beautiful place around Montgomery that I'd ever seen. That road was a cavern of moss; it looked like a tunnel."..."[One] night [when] there was a full moon...we were in my Oldsmobile, and when I stopped Steve got out on the right side fender. We sat there a while, and he started writing down words." Evans recalls that after beginning to write the song on Woodley Road that night, Young completed his composition at the apartment he and Evans shared in Montgomery's Capitol Heights neighborhood.
Young's own recollection was that the final version of "Seven Bridges Road" "was put together over a period of several years. Sometimes I'd say [to myself] 'good song'. Then I'd say nobody could relate to a song like this." Young did play a completed version of the song at a gig in Montgomery - according to Jimmy Evans, Young's said his local performing venue was the Shady Grove club - ; and stated, "it got a big reaction. I was very surprised and thought it just because it was a local known thing and that was why they liked it." When Young did approach a Hollywood-based music publisher in 1969 with "Seven Bridges Road" he was advised the song "wasn't commercial enough." "Seven Bridges Road" was not originally intended for inclusion on the Rock Salt & Nails album; in fact, Young states album producer Tommy LiPuma "didn't want me to record original songs. He wanted me to be strictly a singer and interpreter of folk songs and country standards." However, in Young's words: "One day we ran out of songs to record [for Rock Salt & Nails] in the studio... I started playing 'Seven Bridges Road'. LiPuma interjected: 'You know I don't want to hear original stuff.' But [guitarist] James Burton said: 'Hey, this song sounds good and it is ready, let's put it down... After it was recorded, LiPuma had to admit that, original or not, it was good." Subsequent to the song's introduction on A&M's 1969 Rock Salt & Nails, Young remade the song three more times: on his Reprise Records 1972 album entitled Seven Bridges Road and on his RCA Victor 1978 album No Place to Fall, as well as his 1981 reissue album for Rounder Records again entitled Seven Bridges Road; this 1981 album being a hybrid reissue/archival release, with five tracks from Young's '72 LP of the same name, with four outtakes from the original sessions as well as Young's last studio version of "Seven Bridges Road."
Iain Matthews version/Eagles version
"Seven Bridges Road" would have its highest profile incarnation due to a 1980 live recording by the Eagles whose 4/4 time signature and close harmony vocal arrangement are borrowed from a recording made by Iain Matthews from his August 1973 album release Valley Hi. Matthews' album was recorded with producer Mike Nesmith at the latter's Countryside Ranch studio in North Hills, Los Angeles: Nesmith would recall of Matthews' recording of "Seven Bridges Road": "Ian and I put it together and [we] sang about six or seven part harmony on the thing, and I played acoustic. It turned out to be a beautiful record[ing]". On the similarity of the Eagles' later version, Nesmith would state: "Son of a gun if...Don [Henley] or somebody in the Eagles didn't lift [our] arrangement absolutely note for note for vocal harmony...If they can't think it up themselves [and] they've got to steal it from somebody else, better they should steal it...from me I guess." Matthews would recall that, in 1973, he and the members of the Eagles were acquainted through frequenting the Troubadour: "we were forever going back to somebody's house and playing music. Don Henley had a copy of 'Valley Hi' that he liked, so I've no doubt about that being where their version of the song came from."
The Eagles recorded "Seven Bridges Road" for their Eagles Live concert album. According to band member Don Felder, when the Eagles first began playing stadiums the group would warm up pre-concert by singing "Seven Bridges Road" in a locker room shower area. After, each concert would then open with the group's five members singing "Seven Bridges Road" a capella into a single microphone. Felder recalls that it "blew [the audience] away. It was always a vocally unifying moment, all five voices coming together in harmony." Following the release of the Hotel California album, that set's title cut replaced "Seven Bridges Road" as the Eagles' concert opener, and according to Felder, the band "rarely even bothered to rehearse with it in the shower of the dressing room anymore." The song was restored to the set list for the Eagles' tour, prior to the band's 31 July 1980 breakup, with the band's performance of the song at their 28 July 1980 concert at the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, which was recorded for the Eagles Live album released in November 1980. They issued it as a single, with "The Long Run" (live) as its B-side; the song reached No. 21 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 becoming the group's final Top 40 hit until "Get Over It" by the reunited band in 1994. "Seven Bridges Road" also became the third Eagles' single to appear on the Billboard C&W chart, reaching No. 55 there. At the time the Eagles charted with "Seven Bridges Road" the song's composer Steve Young commented: "I didn't like the Eagles' version at first. I thought it was too bluegrassy, too gospel. But the more I hear it, the better it sounds."
Ricochet version
Ricochet, who had been performing "Seven Bridges Road" in concert, recorded the song in 1998 in the sessions for the intended album release What a Ride. After two advance singles from What a Ride: "Honky Tonk Baby" and "Can't Stop Thinkin' 'Bout That", had fallen short of the Top 40 of the C&W chart, the track "Seven Bridges Road" was sent to C&W radio 19 April 1999. The track's sepia tone promo video - filmed on Woodley Road on 22–23 March 1999 and mostly comprising footage of trysting couples shown at various times during the 20th century - received strong support from CMT: however the track itself only rose to No. 48 on the C&W chart, and the release of its parent What a Ride album - intended for July 1999 - was canceled. "Seven Bridges Road" was ultimately included on Ricochet's 2000 album release, What You Leave Behind, with the track serving as B-side of that album's first single "Do I Love You Enough". "Seven Bridges Road" is performed live by Ricochet on the band's 2004 concert album The Live Album.
Other versions
1970 – Eddy Arnold on his album Standing Alone.
1970 – Joan Baez on her album One Day at a Time as a duet with Jeffrey Shurtleff.
1970 – Rita Coolidge on her album Rita Coolidge.
1971 – Mother Earth and Tracy Nelson on their album Bring Me Home.
1981 – Neal Hellman on his album Appalachian Dulcimer Duets.
1982 – Josh Graves on his album King of the Dobro.
1982 – Lonzo and Oscar on their album Old and New Songs.
1983 – Atlanta recorded "Seven Bridges Road" in the sessions for their Pictures album; omitted from Pictures, the track served as B-side for the single "Sweet Country Music" (No. 5 C&W 1984).
1990 – The Carter Family on their album Wildwood Flower.
1996 – FireHouse on their album Good Acoustics.
1999 – Ricochet (band) on their album What You Leave Behind (2000 release).
2001 – Dolly Parton on her album Little Sparrow. Parton was a fan of the Eagles' version, especially liking its harmonies; for her version Parton sang harmony with sisters Becky and Sonya Isaacs.
2003 – Jimmy Bowen & Santa Fe on their album A Place So Far Away.
2006 – The Dolly Parton compilation The Acoustic Collection: 1999-2002 features a remix of the Little Sparrow version augmented with vocals by Kasey Chambers, Norah Jones, and Sinéad O'Connor.
2007 – Alan Jackson recorded the song for the album Live at Texas Stadium, with George Strait and Jimmy Buffett.
2007 – Nash Street on their album Carry On.
2014 – Ilse de Lange & New Amsterdam Orchestra during a live concert
2015 – Home Free on their album Country Evolution.
2015 – Jubal & Amanda cover the song selection moments on the lives of The Voice (U.S. season 9).
2017 – Delta Rae on their album The Blackbird Sessions.
2018 – Billy Strings (full band) on multiple occasions during live performances.
2019 – The Seldom Scene on their album Changes.
References
Songs about roads
Steve Young (musician) songs
Eagles (band) songs
Ricochet (band) songs
1969 songs
1970 singles
1973 singles
1980 singles
Reprise Records singles
Asylum Records singles
Columbia Records singles
Song recordings produced by Bill Szymczyk
Live singles |
26720552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport%20in%20Malta | Sport in Malta | Sports in Malta include association football, basketball, athletics, rugby, tennis, cycling, and others.
Football
Association football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Malta. The national stadium is called Ta' Qali Stadium. The national football team has won several matches over big opponents that reached the final phases in World Cups, such as Belgium and Hungary. Recently a large number of football grounds have been built throughout the island. The top football league in Malta is called the Maltese Premier League, and consists of 14 teams. Futsal is also very popular.
Hockey
Maltese National Hockey League is the official field hockey league in Malta, with 4 teams participating in the National League. The current champions are Sliema Hotsticks Hockey Club.
The National Hockey Stadium is located in Paola, Kordin.
The Malta National Hockey Team participates in several international fixtures each year.
Waterpolo
Water polo is also very popular in Malta. The Malta men's national water polo team has achieved some great results against strong teams, and has competed in the Olympics twice. Maltese clubs participate in the European Club competitions organised by LEN, are seen as being in the top 10 water polo leagues in Europe.
Boċċi
Boċċi is the Maltese version of the Italian game of bocce, French pétanque and British bowls. Other than certain differences in rules and the ground on which the game is played, one of the most obvious differences between Maltese boċċi and foreign equivalents is the shape of the bowls themselves which tend to be cylindrical rather than spherical in shape. Many small clubs (usually called Klabbs tal-Boċċi in Maltese) can be found in Maltese and Gozitan localities, and are usually well-frequented and are quite active on a local and European level. Even the emigrants to Canada, Australia, and The United States have taken the game with them and now forms an important part of their social scene.
Rugby
Rugby league is played, primarily due to return migration of Maltese Australians bringing it back with them. In July 2022, the national men's team was ranked 10th in the world. The national team are known as the Malta Knights, and boast players currently playing in the Super League in England such as Jarrod Sammut, Jake Mamo, the most famous player to come from Malta would be former South Sydney Rabbitohs, Mario Fenech. In 2016 Malta Rugby League had 285 players, with the large majority based in Australia.
Rugby union is also played in Malta, In October 2021 the national men's team was ranked 41st in the world. They have recently been achieving success, defeating teams including Sweden, Croatia and Latvia. In 2018, Malta achieved its largest win against Andorra, that of 89-3. As of 2016 Malta Rugby Union had 2,480 registered players.
Motorsport
Motorsport includes drag racing represented by the Malta Drag Racing Association, with recent high ranking Maltese dragsters in official FIA European championships. There is also autocross (ASMK), hill climb (Island Car Club), motocross, karting and banger racing championships.
Basketball
In 2020, Malta got its first-ever female head coach leading a men’s Division One basketball team. It was Silvia Gambino who started the position at Mellieħa S.C. Libertas.
Volleyball
Malta has a first division for women's volleyball teams. The president of the national federation MVA has been Jesmond Saliba.
Snooker
Malta also hosts a snooker round, the Malta Cup, which became a non-ranking event. In 2008 Malta's Tony Drago was a member of a victorious European Mosconi Cup team, which was played in Portomaso, Malta. Claudio Cassar was World Blackball Champion in 2014.
Boxing
Boxer Jeff Fenech is of Maltese descent. Recently contact sports such as Boxing and Kickboxing have become increasingly popular.
Watersports
Malta is a good place for surfing and offers a lot of different surf spots. During winter time most of the beaches transform into surfer hangouts.
Cricket
Malta are an affiliate member of the ICC & has full Twenty20 International status. Home games are played at Marsa. In 2020 there was a T20 summer domestic league consisting of 12 teams, and in 2019 a 50-over winter league which comprised 5 teams.
Along with other sports, tennis is a popular activity in Malta and Gozo. The islands offer a wide range of options for both beginners and elite players. Clubs are spread out across Malta and games are being played on a regular basis all year around.
There ,are over 1,200 rock climbing routes in Malta. The island offers a mixture of both trad climbing and sport climbing and also offers a good variety of bouldering and deep water soloing. The geography and small size of the island makes the climbing easily accessible. The sport is growing in popularity with local communities, as well as tourists and visitors.
List of sports teams in Malta
See also
Malta Olympic Committee
Maltese National Regatta
Maltese National Badminton Championships
Malta Sailing Federation
Handball Malta and Malta Handball Association
Aquatic Sports Association of Malta
References |
44504313 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song%20Seon-mi | Song Seon-mi | Song Seon-mi (born 13 September 1974) is a South Korean actress.
Career
Song Seon-mi won second place at the Super Elite Model Contest in 1996, then transitioned from a modeling career to acting a year later in the television drama Model (1997).
In 1998, Song made her film debut playing dual roles as an art gallery employee and a soldier's ex-girlfriend in Lee Jeong-hyang's critically acclaimed romantic comedy Art Museum by the Zoo, opposite Ahn Sung-ki. This was followed by the gangster comedy My Boss, My Hero (2001). Though Song is more active in television, notable in her filmography are two arthouse films by auteur Hong Sang-soo. For Woman on the Beach (2006), she and her co-stars agreed to appear in the film even without reading Hong's script. While in The Day He Arrives (2011), Song played a film studies professor who frequents a bar in Bukchon.
Back on the small screen, her popularity rose when she played a young housewife in Precious Family (2004), written by Kim Soo-hyun. Leading roles followed in The Secret Lovers (2005), One Day Suddenly (2006), Green Coach (2009), Mrs. Town (2009), and Dandelion Family (2010), as well as a supporting role in the well-received medical drama Behind the White Tower (2007).
In 2012, Song was cast as a capable trauma nurse in Golden Time. She later reunited with its director Kwon Seok-jang in Miss Korea (2013), set in 1997 during the IMF crisis.
Song starred in her first ever period drama in 2013's Blooded Palace: The War of Flowers. She drew praise for her portrayal of the Crown Princess Lady Kang, Crown Prince Sohyeon's wife, despite controversy involving a breastfeeding scene.
Personal life
Song married art director Go Woo-seok, who she met through mutual acquaintances and dated for one year, on 29 June 2006. They have a daughter. On 21 August 2017, Go Woo-seok was murdered by a 28-year-old man during an argument.
In 2009, Song left talent agency Contents Entertainment to join a new agency set up by her former manager Mr. Yu, Hoya Entertainment; this resulted in a breach of contract lawsuit.
In January 2013, she was charged with slander for allegedly insulting Mr. Kim, CEO of Contents Entertainment, at a press conference for a drama held in July 2012.
Filmography
Television series
Film
Variety show
Theater
Book
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
20th-century South Korean actresses
21st-century South Korean actresses
L&Holdings artists
People from South Chungcheong Province
South Korean film actresses
South Korean stage actresses
South Korean television actresses |
17337105 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich%20Umphrey | Rich Umphrey | Richard Vernon Umphrey III (born December 13, 1958) is a former American football offensive lineman. He played professionally in the National Football League for the New York Giants (1982–1984) and the San Diego Chargers (1985). He graduated from Tustin High School in Tustin, California and went on to play at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He was drafted in the fifth round of the 1982 NFL Draft by the New York Giants as the starting center. He played three seasons for the Giants before being traded in 1985 to the San Diego Chargers.
He is married to Jackie and father to Justin and Noel Umphrey, a water polo player for UCLA.
1958 births
Living people
People from Garden Grove, California
Players of American football from California
American football centers
Colorado Buffaloes football players
New York Giants players
San Diego Chargers players
Sportspeople from Orange County, California |
17337139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argos%20Hill%20Mill%2C%20Mayfield | Argos Hill Mill, Mayfield | Argos Hill Mill is a grade II* listed post mill at Argos Hill, Mayfield, East Sussex, England
As of 2017 it is in the process of restoration by the Argos Hill Windmill Trust.
Description
Argos Hill Mill is a post mill on a single storey roundhouse. She had four patent sails carried on a cast iron windshaft and is winded by a tailpole mounted fantail. The main post is made up from four pieces of timber. Along with Jill, Clayton, she is one of only two windmills in England to retain this feature. The mill drove two pairs of millstones, arranged head and tail. The cast iron brake wheel is diameter and the wooden tail wheel is diameter. The mill is unusual in the way that it has been extended at the rear, giving it a distinctive appearance.
History
The earliest record of a windmill on this site is in 1656. Argos Hill Mill was built in 1835. She worked by wind until 1927, mostly by successive generations of the Weston family. The fantail blew off in 1929 and the shutters were removed from the sails in 1932. The mill was acquired by Uckfield District Council in 1955. Neve's, the Heathfield millwrights fitted a new breast beam and repaired the side girts and corner posts. Further restoration work was done in 1969 by Hole's of Burgess Hill. A storm damaged a sail in 1976, and a new sail and stock were fitted by Hole's.
Millers
Aaron Weston - 1844
William Richardson - 1927
Threat of demolition
A survey in 2007 revealed the mill was in danger of collapsing. Of concern were the roundhouse, crosstrees, crown tree, sails, tailpole and fantail. On 14 January 2008, a meeting was held in Mayfield, where Wealden District Council put forward options for the mill's future. One proposal, to dismantle the mill and remove it to storage was strongly criticised by those attending, including members of the Sussex Mills Group and the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings. It was pointed out that Wealden District Council had not spent money allocated for maintenance of the mill, and that giving themselves permission to demolish a listed building would make other listed buildings in the area more vulnerable, and erode the protection given by listed building status. As a result, the Friends of Argos Hill Windmill was set up to save the mill.
Restoration in progress
In April 2010, the Argos Hill Windmill Trust was established to lease the mill from Wealden District Council with the aim of restoring it to working order. A high-profile fundraising campaign was launched in 2011 to raise funds for the restoration and a substantial lottery grant obtained. Holes were engaged to restore the main structure of the mill and return the striking gear to working order, while volunteers tackled the replacement of the weatherboard on the mill itself, and the renovation of the roundhouse floor, walls and roof. These first two phases of the restoration project were successfully completed in 2016 when the mill's sweeps turned in the wind for the first time in over 80 years. Phase 3 of the restoration project is now underway to rebuild the fantail and restore the internal machinery.
See the Friends of Argos Hill Windmill website for details and open days.
References
External links
Friends of Argos Hill Windmill website
Post mills in the United Kingdom
Windmills completed in 1835
Windmills in East Sussex
Grade II* listed buildings in East Sussex
Grade II* listed windmills
1835 establishments in England |
6905248 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea%20Uplands%20RFC | Swansea Uplands RFC | Swansea Uplands RFC is a rugby union club based in Upper Killay, Swansea, Wales, who play in the WRU Swalec Leagues. They are currently in Division 3 West A.
Swansea Uplands RFC was founded at the Uplands Hotel, Swansea in 1919 by players of the pre World War I Swansea Grammar School team on their return to Swansea. This is how they came to name the club "Swansea Uplands RFC".
Early history
The first tour was undertaken in 1921 to London with victories over London Wasps and Streatham and the following season, Parkhurst and Saracens. Tours continued in future years against opposition such as Upper Clapton and Hereford.
In 1922–23, the club found itself with sufficient players to establish an “A” (2nd) XV. The same season, after having played matches at Singleton Park, the recreation ground and St. Helens, the club obtained the lease on a pitch near The Bible College, Derwen Fawr, where they continued to play until the outbreak of World War II, although some matches were still played at St. Helens. In 1928, proposed by Pontardawe RFC and seconded by Pontarddulais RFC, the club applied for membership of the Welsh Rugby Union and at a meeting of the W.R.U. on 13 September 1928 this was granted.
The club played its final pre war fixture on tour against Old Whitgiftians in Croydon on 10 April 1939 and following a meeting held on 18 April 1939, the club enlisted en-bloc forming a “sportsman’s platoon” in 5th Battalion The Welch Regiment.
Post 1945
The club was reformed following World War II at a meeting held at St. Helens Cricket Pavilion, Swansea on Monday 10 May 1948 and the initial 1st XV fixture was played at Mumbles on 23 September with the “A” XV playing the same opponents two days later. After resuming playing at Derwen Fawr, the club sought its own ground and in 1952 purchased the field at Upper Killay. On 24 April 1956, the club played and defeated an International XV selected by Clem Thomas at St. Helens and raised the then considerable sum of £400 for charity. The clubhouse was built by the members and following a special match on 23 April 1958 to mark the occasion, the clubhouse was formally opened by Mr. Enoch H. Rees, President of the Welsh Rugby Union.
The “B” (or third) XV, first played on 15 November 1958. The clubhouse was extended to create the long bar and additional changing rooms and a celebration match was played against a Public Schools XV on 30 April 1962. The following September, a fourth XV, the Surfs was established. The extra ground needed for the creation of a second pitch was purchased in early 1963 and for the 1963–64 season, the “B” XV was renamed “The Unicorns”. In 1969 the club marked its 50th anniversary with a match on 28 April between a club XV and an International XV and a celebration dinner with Brigadier Glyn Hughes, the president of The Barbarians as chief guest.
In 1970, the club took the decision to play league rugby and was accepted into the West Wales Rugby Union. The first competitive match was in the West Wales Cup with a 3–0 victory at Penygroes on 13 February 1971 and the first league match was played the following season on 18 September 1971 at Burry Port. The commitment to the league however spelt the end of the club's traditional fixture list, which had covered an area from Newport to Aberystwyth. That year, the club established its first junior teams, becoming a founder member of the Swansea and District Boys Rugby Union.
A captains board was unveiled in 1977 when a team of ex 1st XV captains played a team of ex 2nd and 3rd XV captains. The club needed more space and in 1982, a further extension was built increasing the bar and changing facilities and this was marked by a match on Sunday 26 September against a Llanelli XV led by Derek Quinnell, containing three British Lions in addition to numerous players with international honours. In January 1986, the club became the first club in west Wales with a women's XV when the St. Thomas Ladies XV began playing at Upper Killay and changed their name to Swansea Uplands.
The club broke new ground when in September 1990 it hosted a "Romanian under 21" XV, which was the first side to leave Romania after the revolution. This team was found to contain 9 full internationals with all members of the squad being at least A internationals. In 1993, the club installed new floodlights to light both pitches and these were movable to enable cricket to be played in the summer.
Although the club had previously run an occasional veterans XV, in 1992, it became the home of Swansea Veterans RFC, when former Swansea RFC captain Bryn Evans founded that club, basing it at Swansea Uplands. Swansea Veterans is composed of former players from clubs in the Swansea area.
A further enhancement of facilities took place in 1995, when new changing rooms, showers, first aid and weight training facilities were added with the whole club having a new roof. The most recent addition to the club came in 2003, when Swansea Gladiators, the special needs XV based themselves at the club.
During its history, the club has earned a deserved reputation for playing host to teams from countries as varied as Argentina, Australia, Canada, England, Finland, France, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Romania, Scotland, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA. The club has also toured many of these countries together with others such as Belgium, Luxembourg and Portugal.
The club also has a cricket XI who play midweek evening fixtures and organise a popular annual six a side tournament, using a newly laid artificial wicket. The club's facilities are also used in the summer by Sketty Church Cricket Club who play Saturday cricket in the central league as well as midweek cricket.
The club has recently been promoted from the WRU national leagues and will play in one of the division 4 leagues in the following season. Swansea Uplands is also home to a Junior Section with teams from under 8's upwards and is also the home of Swansea Veterans, youth and of the special needs team Swansea Gladiators.
Post club redevelopment
In 2013 the club had a massive cash injection and £1,000,000 was invested on the club facilities and infrastructure. The club now brings in a high number of spectators and widely regarded as the most up and coming team in the Swalec Leagues.
Swansea Uplands now play in the newly restructured Swalec WRU Division 3 West A. They have come close to promotion a few times over the last two seasons, missing out by one place in the 2014–15 season.
They have had some notable wins in recent times, most notably a win against one of their local rivals Mumbles RFC in 2014–15, who were two leagues above at the time.
External links
Swansea Uplands RFC
References
Rugby clubs established in 1919
Rugby union in Swansea
Welsh rugby union teams |
23577102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camden%20Haven%20River | Camden Haven River | Camden Haven River, an open and trained intermediate wave dominated barrier estuary, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Camden Haven River upper catchment starts at the two south eastern creeks at Edge. The merged flow of the two rivers, together with the outflow of Queens Lake spills into the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean. The river descends over its course.
Camden Haven River is transversed by the Pacific Highway north of the village of Rossglen, between Coopernook and Kew.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Northern Rivers Geology Blog - Camden Haven River
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast |
6905250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma-age | Satsuma-age | is a fried fishcake originating from Kagoshima, Japan. Surimi and flour is mixed to make a compact paste that is solidified through frying. It is a specialty of the Satsuma region. It is known by a variety of regional names throughout Japan.
The paste is made from fish and seasoned with salt, sugar, and other spices and molded into several shapes. It is made not only from ground fish but can include wood ear, beni shōga, onion, Welsh onion and other vegetables, squid, octopus, shrimp and other sea foods, and some spices. In fishing villages, it is made from local fishes, for example sardines, shark, bonito or mackerel. it is often made by mixing two or more kinds of fish.
People eat Satsuma-age plain or lightly roasted and dipped in ginger and soy sauce or mustard and soy sauce. It is used in oden, udon, sara udon or nimono (stewed dishes).
Composition
Commonly Satsuma-age used cod as a filling; however, as cod stocks have been depleted other varieties of white fish are used, such as haddock or whiting. Satsuma-age may use oily fish such as salmon for a markedly different flavour.
The fish used to make surimi (Japanese: 擂り身, literally "ground meat") include:
Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma)
Lizardfish (Synodontidae)
White croaker (Pennahia argentata)
Daggertooth pike conger (Muraenesox cinereus)
Japanese Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius)
Flying fish (Exocoetidae)
Various sardine species (Sardine)
Various shark species (Selachimorpha)
Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis)
Various mackerel species (Mackerel)
Okhotsk atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus azonus)
Tilapia
Oreochromis mossambicus
Oreochromis niloticus niloticus
Black bass
Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Florida black bass (Micropterus floridanus)
History
There are varied histories of Satsuma-age, but the most famous birthplace is the Satsuma district in Kagoshima. It is said that, in about 1864, the Shimazu clan brought it to Satsuma from Okinawa through some exchange and invasion. In those days, Okinawans called fried-boiled fish paste chigiage. After it was brought to Kagoshima, it was produced as tsukiage and selected as one of the best 100 local dishes.
Regional names
Depending on the region, the dish is known under different names. In Tōhoku and the Kantō region it is called "Satsuma-age" after its place of origin in Kagoshima. In the Chubu region it is known as "Hanpen". Hokkaido and west Japan people call it "Tempura" (different from Tempura). In Kyushu and Okinawa, this dish is called "Tempura", "Tsukeage" or "Chikiagi".
Varieties
Hiraten (ひら天): flat satsuma age
Maruten (丸天): Satsuma-age like a thin disk. People in Kyushu, mainly Fukuoka, eat them with udon.
Gobouten (ごぼう天, ごぼう巻き): Satsuma-age wrapped around burdock-like sticks.
Ikaten (いか天): Satsuma-age wrapped around squid tentacles.
Takoten (たこ天): Satsuma-age wrapped around cut octopus. There is a kind of ball shaped like takoyaki.
Tamanegiten (タマネギ天): with onion.
Bakudan (爆弾, 'Bomb'): Satsuma-age which wrapped around a boiled egg
Honeku (ほねく), honeten: These are short versions of honekuri-tempura. This is a local dish in north Wakayama. Whole cutlass fish (Largehead hairtail:Trichiurus lepturus) are ground and fried. They have a unique smell.
Jakoten (じゃこ天) is a special product of Uwajima in southern Ehime prefecture. Jakoten has a long history, having been eaten since the Edo period. It is made from small fish caught nearby that are blended into a paste and then fried.
Gansu (がんす) (local dish in Hiroshima) is a fry made of breaded ground whitefish and a kind of cutlet.
Outside Japan
In Korea, the term for satsuma-age is eomuk (어묵) or simply odeng. Large cities like Busan and Seoul sell these products as street food during winter and fall seasons.
In Taiwan, satsuma-age is sold as tianbula (). It was introduced to Taiwan under Japanese rule by people from Kyushu, where satsuma-age is commonly known as tempura. It is often used as an ingredient for oden, hot pot and lu wei.
Similar dishes exist in Vietnam.
See also
Kamaboko
Chikuwa
Fishcake
References
External links
Serving History Satsuma Age
Deep fried foods
Japanese cuisine
Korean cuisine
Surimi
Taiwanese cuisine |
6905258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative%20districts%20of%20San%20Juan | Legislative districts of San Juan | The legislative districts of San Juan are the representations of the highly urbanized city of San Juan in the Congress of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress through its lone congressional district.
History
San Juan, formerly known as San Juan del Monte, was initially represented as part of the at-large district of the province of Manila in the Malolos Congress from 1898 to 1899. The then-town was later incorporated to the province of Rizal, established in 1901, and was represented as part of the first district of Rizal from 1907 to 1941 and from 1945 to 1972. When the then-town was merged to form the City of Greater Manila during World War II, it was represented as part of the at-large district of Manila from 1943 to 1944. San Juan was separated from Rizal on November 7, 1975 by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 824, and was represented in the Interim Batasang Pambansa along with other Metropolitan Manila municipalities and cities as part of Region IV from 1978 to 1984.
San Juan was grouped with Mandaluyong from 1984 to 1995 for representation in the Regular Batasang Pambansa and the restored House of Representatives, as the Legislative district of San Juan–Mandaluyong. The two were separated and granted their own representations in Congress by virtue of section 49 of Mandaluyong's city charter (Republic Act No. 7675) which was approved on February 9, 1994, and ratified on April 10, 1994.
Legislative Districts and Congressional Representatives
References
San Juan
San Juan
Politics of San Juan, Metro Manila |
23577104 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campbells%20River | Campbells River | Campbells River, a perennial stream that is part of the Upper Macquarie catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the central–western region of New South Wales, Australia.
The river rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range about south of Black Springs. It flows generally north by west towards its confluence with the Fish River south–south–east of Bathurst to become the Macquarie River; descending over its course.
The river is impounded by Ben Chifley Dam upstream of Bathurst and carries water released from the dam for Bathurst's potable water supply.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Murray-Darling basin |
26720553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riviera%20Nayarit%20Classic | Riviera Nayarit Classic | The Riviera Nayarit Classic was an annual golf tournament for professional women golfers on the Symetra Tour, the LPGA Tour's developmental tour. It was the first full-field event on the Symetra Tour to be played outside the United States. It is played at El Tigre Golf and Country Club in Nuevo Vallarta, Nayarit, Mexico.
The tournament was a 54-hole event, as are most Symetra Tour tournaments, and included pre-tournament pro-am, in which local amateur golfers can play with the professional golfers from the Tour as a benefit for local charities.
Tournament names through the years:
2010: Riviera Nayarit Classic
2011: Santorini Riviera Nayarit Classic
2012: Riviera Nayarit Classic
Winners
Tournament records
References
External links
Symetra Tour official website
Former Symetra Tour events
Golf tournaments in Mexico
Sport in Nayarit
Recurring sporting events established in 2010
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2012
2010 establishments in Mexico
2012 disestablishments in Mexico
Defunct sports competitions in Mexico |
6905265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansfield%20Ski%20Club | Mansfield Ski Club | Mansfield Ski Club is a ski resort near the village of Mansfield, Ontario, northwest of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Statistics
Vertical drop:
Number of runs: 15
Number of lifts: 7
Snowmaking coverage: 100%
Number of eateries: 4
Number of bars: 2
Lifts
Handle Tow
Chalet Magic Carpet (longest in North America)
Javelin Chairlift
Low's Chairlift
Devil's Staircase t-bar "Banana Bar" (actually two t-bars side by side)
Summit Chairlift
Runs
Awesome (green)
Chalet Run (green)
Hemlock (green)
Hector's Hill (blue)
Javelin (blue)
Boomerang (blue)
Gilly's Glades (blue)
Glades (black)
Low's Run (blue)
Big Tree (black)
Devil's Staircase (black)
Breenger (black)
Mouse Trap (black)
Shortcut Glades (blue)
Sully's Dream (black)
Outer Limits (black)
External links
Mansfield Ski Club
Ski areas and resorts in Ontario |
26720557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renato%20Anselmi | Renato Anselmi | Renato Anselmi (26 October 1891 – 3 October 1973) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold and two silver medals at three Olympic Games in the team sabre competitions.
References
External links
1891 births
1973 deaths
People from Marigliano
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Fencers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic silver medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from the Province of Naples |
20474592 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN%20Heroes | CNN Heroes | CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute is a television special created by CNN to honor individuals who make extraordinary contributions to humanitarian aid and make a difference in their communities. The program was started in 2007. Since 2016, the program was hosted by Anderson Cooper and Kelly Ripa. Honorees are introduced during the fall of each year and the audience is encouraged to vote online for the CNN Hero of the Year. Ten recipients are honored and each receive US$10,000. The top recipient is chosen as the CNN Hero of the Year and receives an additional US$100,000 to continue their work. During the broadcast celebrating their achievements, the honorees are introduced by celebrities who actively support their charity work. To celebrate the 10th anniversary, the 2016 edition had an additional segment where five previous Hero of the Year winners were chosen as candidates for the Superhero of the Year award, which was decided with an online poll.
Heroes
2007
The 18 CNN Heroes finalists for 2007 were (in alphabetical order):
Florence Cassassuce, La Paz, Mexico
Kayla Cornale, of Burlington, Ontario, Canada
Mathias Craig, of San Francisco
Irania Martinez Garcia, of Guantanamo, Cuba
Pablo Fajardo, of Ecuador
Rangina Hamidi, of Stone Ridge, Virginia, United States
Rick Hodes, of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Lynwood Hughes, of Rocky Mount, North Carolina, United States
Dallas Jessup, of Vancouver, Washington, United States
Peter Kithene, of Seattle, Washington, United States
Scott Loeff, of Chicago, Illinois, United States
Mark Maksimowicz, of St. Petersburg, Florida, United States
James McDowell, of Patchogue, New York, United States
Anne McGee, of Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Josh Miller, of Santa Monica, California, United States
Rosemary Nyirumbe, of Uganda
Steve Peifer, of Kijabe, Kenya
S. Ramakrishnan, of Ayikydy, India
Julie Rems-Smario, of Oakland, California, United States
Scott Southworth, of USA
2008
The Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2008 were (in alphabetical order):
Tad Agoglia, of Long Island, New York, United States
Yohannes Gebregeorgis, of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Carolyn LeCroy, of Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Anne Mahlum, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Liz McCartney, of St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, United States: CNN 2008 Hero of the Year
Phymean Noun, of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
David Puckett, of Savannah, Georgia, United States
Maria Ruiz, of El Paso, Texas, United States
Marie Da Silva, of (Malawi), residing in Los Angeles, California, United States
Viola Vaughn, of Kaolack, Senegal
2009
The Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2009 were (in alphabetical order):
Jorge Munoz, of Queens, New York, United States
Jordan Thomas, of Chattanooga, Tennessee, United
Budi Soehardi, of Kupang, Indonesia
Betty Makoni, of London, United Kingdom
Doc Hendley, of Blowing Rock, North Carolina, United States
Efren Peñaflorida, of Cavite City, Philippines: 2009 CNN Hero of the Year
Derrick Tabb, of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Roy Foster, of Palm Beach, Florida, United States
Andrea Ivory, of West Park, Florida, United States
Brad Blauser, of Dallas, Texas, United States
2010
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2010 (in alphabetical order):
Guadalupe Arizpe De La Vega of Juarez, Mexico
Susan Burton of California, United States
Linda Fondren of Mississippi, United States
Anuradha Koirala of Kathmandu, Nepal: 2010 CNN Hero of the year
Narayanan Krishnan of Madurai, India
Magnus MacFarlane-Barrow of Scotland, United Kingdom
Harmon Parker of Kenya, Africa
Aki Ra of Cambodia
Evans Wadongo of Kenya, Africa
Dan Wallrath of Texas, United States
Also all of the 33 Chilean Miners came on the show to be honored after the 2010 Copiapó mining accident before awards were given out to the list of heroes shown above. Kareem Taylor is the promotional voice for the commercial campaign leading up to the show.
2011
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2011 (in alphabetical order):
Eddie Canales of Texas, United States
Taryn Davis of North Carolina, United States
Sal Dimiceli of Wisconsin, United States
Derreck Kayongo of Atlanta, United States
Diane Latiker of Chicago, United States
Robin Lim of Bali, Indonesia: 2011 CNN Hero of the year
Patrice Millet of Haiti
Bruno Serato of Anaheim, California, United States
Richard St. Denis of Mexico
Amy Stokes of South Africa
2012
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2012 (in alphabetical order):
Pushpa Basnet of Kathmandu, Nepal: 2012 CNN Hero of the year
Wanda Butts of Ohio, United States
Mary Cortani of California, United States
Catalina Escobar of Cartagena, Colombia
Razia Jan of Afghanistan, with an organization located in Massachusetts, United States
Thulani Madondo of Kliptown, South Africa
Leo McCarthy of Montana, United States
Connie Siskowski of New Jersey, United States
Scott Strode of Colorado, United States
Malya Villard-Appolon of Kofaviv, Haiti
The 3 Young Wonders of 2012 (in alphabetical order):
Cassandra Lin
Will Lourcey
Jessica Rees
2013
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2013 (in alphabetical order):
Dale Beatty, co-founder of Purple Heart Homes
George Bwelle
Robin Emmons
Danielle Gletow, founder of One Simple Wish
Tawanda Jones
Richard Nares
Kakenya Ntaiya
Chad Pregracke of the USA: 2013 CNN Hero of the year
Estella Pyfrom, creator of "Estalla's Brilliant Bus"
Laura Stachel
2014
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2014 (in alphabetical order):
Arthur Bloom of the United States
Jon Burns of the United Kingdom
Pen Farthing of the United Kingdom: 2014 CNN Hero of the year
Elimelech Goldberg of the United States
Leela Hazzah of Kenya
Patricia Kelly of the United States
Annette March-Grier of the United States
Ned Norton of the United States
Juan Pablo Romero Fuentes of Guatemala
Dr. Wendy Ross of the United States
The 3 Young Wonders of 2014 (in alphabetical order):
Lily Born
Maria Keller, Read Indeed,
Joshua Williams, Joshua's Heart
2015
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2015:
Maggie Doyne, of New Jersey, United States: 2015 CNN Hero of the year
Jim Withers, United States
Monique Pool, of Suriname
Richard Joyner, United States
Sean Gobin, United States
Bhagwati Agrawal, India
Kim Carter, United States
Rochelle Ripley, United States
Jody Farley-Berens
Daniel Ivankovich, United States
2016
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2016:
Jeison Aristizábal of Cali, Colombia: 2016 CNN Hero of the year
Craig Dodson, United States
Sherri Franklin, United States
Brad Ludden, United States
Luma Mufleh, United States
Georgie Smith, United States
Umra Omar, Kenya
Sheldon Smith, United States
Becca Stevens, United States
Harry Swimmer, United States
Pushpa Basnet, of Kathmandu, Nepal: 10th Anniversary CNN SuperHero
2017
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2017:
Stan Hays
Samir Lakhani
Jennifer Maddox
Rosie Mashale
Andrew Manzi
Leslie Morissette
Mona Patel
Khali Sweeney
Aaron Valencia
Amy Wright: 2017 CNN Hero of the year
2018
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2018:
Abisoye Ajayi-Akinfolarin
Maria Rose Belding
Amanda Boxtel
Rob Gore
Luke Mickelson
Susan Munsey
Florence Phillips
Ricardo Pun-Chong: 2018 CNN Hero of the Year
Ellen Stackable
Chris Stout
2019
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2019 each received US$10,000. The 2019 CNN Hero of the Year received an additional US$100,000. The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2019:
Staci Alonso, Noah's Animal House (pet shelter for escaping domestic violence)
Najah Bazzy, Zaman International (helping women & children living in poverty)
Woody Faircloth, RV4CampfireFamily.org
Freweini Mebrahtu, 2019 CNN Hero of the Year, Dignity Period (helping Ethiopian girls stay in school)
Mark Meyers
Richard Miles
Roger Montoya
Mary Robinson
Afroz Shah
Zach Wigal
The 4 Young Wonders of 2019 (in alphabetical order):
Jemima Browning, Tadcaster Stingrays
Grace Callwood, We Cancerve Movement
Bradley Ferguson, Post Crashers
Jahkil Jackson, Project I Am
2020
The 14th Annual CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute focused solely on inspirational heroes from the biggest stories of the year -- the fight against coronavirus and the battle for racial equity and social justice. Frontline workers, advocates, scientists, Young Wonders and everyday people were saluted and 8 nonprofit organizations working to tackle these issues were highlighted. Each organization received $10,000 and viewers were encouraged to donate to these vetted, trusted organizations.
In lieu of the traditional Top 10 and CNN Hero of the Year, the 2020 edition saw viewers selecting the year's Most Inspirational Moments.
The nonprofit organizations highlighted included:
AdoptAClassroom.org
Bring Change To Mind
Center for Disaster Philanthropy
Equal Justice Initiative
IssueVoter
Make-A-Wish America
Water.org
World Central Kitchen
The 3 Young Wonders of 2020 (in alphabetical order):
Cavanaugh Bell, Cool & Dope
Tiana Day, Youth Advocates for Change
TJ Kim, Operation SOS
2021
The 15th Annual CNN Heroes All-Star Tribute returned to the long-running shows' traditional format honoring the Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2021 with viewers voting online for the CNN Hero of the Year. Shirley Raines was selected as the 2021 CNN Hero of the Year.
Honorees included:
Jennifer Colpas, Colombia - Tierra Grata
Lynda Doughty, United States - Marine Mammals of Maine
David Flink, United States - Eye To Eye
Dr. Patricia Gordon, United States - Cure Cervical Cancer
Hector Guadalupe, United States - A Second U Foundation
Michele Neff Hernandez, United States - Soaring Spirits
Zannah Mustapha, Nigeria - Future Prowess Islamic Foundation
Shirley Raines, United States - Beauty 2 The Streetz
Made Janur Yasa, Indonesia - Plastic Exchange
Young Wonders recognized included:
Chelsea Phaire, United States - Chelsea's Charity
Jordan Mittler, United States - Mittler Senior Technology
2022
The 16th Annual CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute premiered live on Sunday December 11th, 2022. Nelly Cheboi was selected by viewers as the 2022 CNN Hero of the Year.
Honorees included:
Carie Broeker - Pacific Grove, CA
Richard Casper - Nashville, TN
Nelly Cheboi - Mogotio, Kenya and Shabbona, IL
Nora El-Khouri Spencer - Carrboro, NC
Tyrique Glasgow - Philadelphia, PA
Teresa Gray - Anchorage, AK
Meymuna Hussein-Cattan - Santa Ana, CA
Aidan Reilly - Santa Ana, CA
Debra Vines - Maywood, IL
Bobby Wilson - Atlanta, GA
Young Wonders recognized included:
Ruby Chitsey - Harrison, AR
Sri Nihal Tammana - Edison, NJ
Awards
In 2022, the program was honored with the News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Live News Special for its 2021 15th Annual Show. The program's director Brett Kelly was also nominated for Outstanding Direction and the original full-length CNN Heroes segment on Shirley Raines of Beauty 2 The Streetz was nominated for Outstanding Soft Feature Story: Short Form.
In 2020, the program's director, Brett Kelly, received the inaugural Outstanding Direction News & Documentary Emmy Award for its 2019 13th Annual Show. In 2019, the program was nominated for the News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding News Special for its 2018 12th Annual show.
In 2017, the program received a News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Lighting Direction and Scenic Design its 2016 10th Annual show.
In 2012, the program received a Peabody Award for its 2011 campaign and show. CNN Heroes has also been nominated for additional News & Documentary Emmy Awards and is the winner of 3 Gracies and multiple National Association of Black Journalists Salute to Excellence Awards.
See also
List of awards for volunteerism and community service
References
External links
Official CNN Heroes website
CNN
American annual television specials |
26720574 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayele%20Seteng | Ayele Seteng | Ayele Seteng (born 11 April 1955) is an Ethiopian-born Israeli long-distance runner who specializes in the marathon.
Personal life
He was born and raised in Ethiopia, and is of Beta Israel heritage. In 1991 he emigrated to Israel. He is also known as Haile Satayin, a variant of "Ayele Seteng". The different existing versions of his name are due to transliteration.
He stands tall and weighs about .
Career
Ayele Seteng won national Israeli titles before competing internationally. He achieved his personal best times on the track during the mid-1990s: 14:00.49 in the 5000 metres, achieved in 1996; and 29:04.08 in the 10,000 metres, achieved in 1995. He later converted fully to road running, and to some extent cross-country running.
He competed at the World Cross Country Championships in 1997, 1999 and 2000 without any success. One of his first marathons took place at the 2002 European Championships, where he finished 32nd. In 2004 he finished 12th at the 2004 World Half Marathon Championships and 20th at the 2004 Olympic Games. In 2005 he finished 26th at the 2005 World Half Marathon Championships, and 21st at the 2005 World Championships. He finished 18th at the 2006 European Championships, 19th at the 2007 World Championships and 69th at the 2008 Olympic Games.
At 49 years and 141 days, competing on behalf of Israel at the 2004 Summer Olympics, he was the oldest track and field athlete competing at the 2004 Olympics. At 53 years and 136 days, competing on behalf of Israel at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, he was the oldest athlete competing at the 2008 Olympics. He is reported to have once said "My age is old, but my heart is young."
His personal best times on the road are 1:03:43 in the half marathon, achieved in March 1997 in Tel Aviv; and 2:14:21 in the marathon, achieved in October 2003 in the Venice Marathon. Both these results are Israeli records.
"Running Movie" (Original title in Hebrew: Seret Ratz), a documentary directed by Omer Peled and produced by Gidi Avivi in 2011, follows Ayele Seteng, the oldest marathon runner to compete in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and reveals his efforts to participate in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
See also
List of Israeli records in athletics
References
External links
1955 births
Living people
Ethiopian Jews
Ethiopian emigrants to Israel
Citizens of Israel through Law of Return
Israeli male long-distance runners
Israeli male marathon runners
Olympic athletes of Israel
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Israeli people of Ethiopian-Jewish descent
Sportspeople of Ethiopian descent
Jewish male athletes (track and field)
Israeli Jews
World Athletics Championships athletes for Israel |
20474600 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapped%20%28Australian%20TV%20series%29 | Trapped (Australian TV series) | Trapped is an Australian children's television series which first premiered on 30 November 2008 and finished its first run on 18 April 2009 on the Seven Network. The 26-part series was shot entirely on location in and around Broome, Western Australia from May to October 2008. A follow up series entitled Castaway began airing on the Seven Network on 12 February 2011. Many of the actors in the main cast of Trapped reprised their roles.
Premise
Following the mysterious disappearance of their parents from a remote scientific research station, a group of children are trapped in a dangerous paradise.
They can only rely on their own resources to survive, find out what's happened to their parents and uncover the terrible secret that is behind the Enterprise Project. Many challenges, mysteries and problems are faced. It's their job to work this all out.
Cast
Main
Marcel Bracks as Rob Frazer
Benjamin Jay as Ryan Cavaner
Maia Mitchell as Natasha Hamilton
Anthony Spanos as Josh Jacobs
Mikayla Southgate as Jarrah Haddon
Sam Fraser as Suzuki Haddon
Natasha Phillips as Lily Taylor
Matilda Terbio as Emma Taylor
Kim Walsh as Maggie Monks
Brad Albert as Gabe
Episodes
See also
Castaway (TV series)
List of Australian television series
References
External links
Trapped on Facebook
Australian children's television series
Seven Network original programming
2008 Australian television series debuts
2009 Australian television series endings
Television shows set in Western Australia
Television series about children |
44504315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypenodinae | Hypenodinae | The Hypenodinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae. Adult moths of most species of this subfamily lack small, simple eyes near the large, compound eyes and have quadrifine (four-veined) hindwing cells. The micronoctuid moths are an exception because they possess simple eyes and bifine (two-veined) hindwing cells.
Taxonomy
Phylogenetic studies have shown that this subfamily should include the micronoctuid moths as a Micronoctuini tribe.
Genera
Tribe unassigned
Anachrostis Hampson, 1893
Dasyblemma Dyar, 1923
Dyspyralis Warren, 1891
Hypenodes Doubleday, 1850
Luceria Walker, 1859
Parahypenodes Barnes & McDunnough, 1918
Schrankia Hübner, [1825]
Tribe Micronoctuini
See Micronoctuini for subtribes and genera.
References
Moth subfamilies |
44504321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann%20Copeland | Ann Copeland | Ann Copeland is the pen name of Virginia Walsh Furtwangler (born December 16, 1932), an American-Canadian writer. She was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1989 Governor General's Awards for her short story collection The Golden Thread.
Biography
Born and raised in Hartford, Connecticut, she was educated at the Catholic University of America and Cornell University. She married Albert Furtwangler in 1968, and moved to Sackville, New Brunswick, where Albert taught at Mount Allison University.
She has published five short story collections and an instructional guide to writing fiction.
She returned to the United States in 1996, and is currently a professor emeritus at Willamette University in Salem, Oregon.
Selected works
At Peace (1978)
The Back Room (1979)
Earthen Vessels (1984)
The Golden Thread (1989)
Strange Bodies on a Stranger Shore (1994)
The ABCs of Writing Fiction (1996)
Season of Apples (1996)
Awards and honors
Shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1989 Governor General's Awards
References
1932 births
Living people
American women short story writers
Canadian women short story writers
20th-century Canadian short story writers
Cornell University alumni
Writers from New Brunswick
Writers from Hartford, Connecticut
20th-century Canadian women writers
20th-century American short story writers
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women |
23577107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capertee%20River | Capertee River | The Capertee River, a perennial stream that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course
The Capertee River rises on the Great Dividing Range, close to Bogee, southeast of Kandos, formed by the confluence of the Tea Tree Creek and Brymair Creek, and flows through the Capertee Valley, generally to the south, east, and southeast, joined by seven minor tributaries, to its confluence with Wolgan River to form the Colo River, northeast of Newnes. The river descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
Rivers of New South Wales
Wollemi National Park
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Central Tablelands |
23577108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartic%20threefold | Quartic threefold | In algebraic geometry, a quartic threefold is a degree 4 hypersurface of dimension 3 in 4-dimensional projective space.
showed that all non-singular quartic threefolds are irrational, though some of them are unirational.
Examples
Burkhardt quartic
Igusa quartic
References
3-folds |
17337160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Ribbe | Carl Ribbe | Carl Heinrich Michael Ribbe (November 16, 1860, Berlin - August 27, 1934, Radebeul Dresden) was a German explorer and entomologist.
Carl Ribbe was an insect dealer in Berlin. He travelled widely in the South Seas, exploring Celebes, the Aru Islands, Ceram, Amboina, Key Island, Wumba-Inseln, the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Shortland Island and "New Pomerania" (New Guinea). He also collected in Andalusia and Southern Spain. His private collection of Lycaenidae is in the Natural History Museum in Dresden.
Ribbe described many new species of butterflies, including Graphium weiskei. He also collected and sold ethnographic material :de:Ethnologisches Museum and published an ethnographical travelogue of his time in Solomon Islands. Carl followed the profession of his father, also entomologist, Heinrich Ribbe.
Journal articles
partial list
Ribbe, C., 1894. Reise nach Bougainville. Globus 66:133-136
Ribbe, C., 1899. Beiträge zur Lepidopteran-Fauna des Bismarck- und Salomo-Archipels in Süd-See. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 12: 219-260
Ribbe, C., 1900. Neue Lepidopteren aus Neu-Guinea Insekten-Börse 17 (39): 308, (42): 329–330, (44): 346
Ribbe, C., 1900. Neue Lepidopteren aus der Süd-See und einige Bemerkungen. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft Iris zu Dresden 12 (2): 407–409.
Ribbe, C., 1900. Zwei Jahre auf den Salomoninseln. Verein fur Erdkunde zu Metz, Jahresbericht 22:84-104.
Ribbe, C., 1901. Neue Lepidopteren von Ceram. Niederlandisch-Ostindien. Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 13: 334-337 1 pl.
Ribbe, C., 1904. Die Entdeckungsgeschichte der Salomons-Inseln und uber die fruheren und jetzigen Bewonhner dieser Inseln. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde zu Berlin, Zeitschrift: 241.
Ribbe, C., 1907. Zwei neue Papilioformen von der Salomo-Insel Bougainville. Deut. ent. Zeit. [Iris] 20: 59–63, pls 4,5.
Ribbe, C., 1914. Die Salomons-inseln und ihre Bewohner. Kolonie und Heimat 36: 4.
Ribbe, C., 1926. Neue Lycaenenformen hauptsächlich von Celebes. Ent. Mitt. 15: 78–91.
Books
Zwei Jahre unter den Kannibalen der Salomo-Inseln: Reiseerlebnisse und Schilderungen von Land und Leuten. Dresden-Blasewitz: Elbgau-Buchdruckerei, Hermann Beyer, 1903.
Ein Sammelaufenthalt in Neu-Lauenburg (Duke of York im Bismarckarchipel). Dresden: Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Stiftung, 1910–1912.
Unter dem südlichen Kreuz: Reisebilder aus Melanesien. Dresden: Deutsche Buchwerkstätten, 1924.
Anleitung zum sammeln in tropischen Ländern. Stuttgart, A. Kernen, 1931.
References
Horn, Walther (H. R.) 1934: [Ribbe, C. jun.] Arb. morph. taxon. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem 1(4).
Ribbe, C. 1903, Zwei Jahre unter den Kannibalen der Salomo-Inseln. Druck un Verlag der Elbgau-Buchdruckerei
Ribbe family private archive
External links
German lepidopterists
1860 births
1934 deaths |
17337167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skimmia%20laureola | Skimmia laureola | Skimmia laureola is a species of shrub grown as an ornamental plant. The leaves are edible when cooked. The leaves give an aromatic smell when crushed. It produces white flowers that develop into small round red berries. The berries are eaten by birds, which disperse the seeds through their droppings. Its distribution ranges from northern China to the Northern Himalayas.
S. laureola is also used in bonsai.
External links
S. laureola in the Plants for a Future database.
laureola |
6905266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight%20director%20%28aeronautics%29 | Flight director (aeronautics) | In aviation, a flight director (FD) is a flight instrument that is overlaid on the attitude indicator that shows the pilot of an aircraft the attitude required to execute the desired flight path. Flight directors are mostly commonly used during approach and landing. They can be used with or without autopilot systems.
Description
Flight director (FD) modes integrated with autopilot systems perform calculations for more advanced automation, like "selected course (intercepting), changing altitudes, and tracking navigation sources with cross winds." FD computes and displays the proper pitch and bank angles required for the aircraft to follow a selected flight path.
A simple example: The aircraft flies level on 045° heading at flight level FL150 at indicated airspeed, the FD bars are thus centered. Then the flight director is set to heading 090° and a new flight level FL200. The aircraft must thus turn to the right and climb.
This is done by banking to the right while climbing. The roll bar will deflect to the right and the pitch bar will deflect upwards. The pilot will then pull back on the control column while banking to the right. Once the aircraft reaches the proper bank angle, the FD vertical bar will center and remain centered until it is time to roll back to wings level (when the heading approaches 090°).
When the aircraft approaches FL200 the FD horizontal bar will deflect downwards thus commanding the pilot to lower the nose in order to level off at FL200.
A flight director can be used with or without automation of the flight control surfaces. The FD is commonly used in direct connection with the Autopilot (AP), where the FD commands the AP to put the aircraft in the attitude necessary to follow a trajectory. The FD/AP combination is typically used in autopilot coupled low instrument approaches (below 200 feet above ground level [AGL]), or CAT II and CAT III ILS instrument approaches.
The exact form of the flight director's display varies with the instrument type, either crosshair or command bars (so-called "cue").
See also
Acronyms and abbreviations in avionics
Attitude indicator
Flight instruments
Head-up display (HUD)
References
Aircraft instruments
Avionics |
6905282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary%20carbon | Quaternary carbon | A quaternary carbon is a carbon atom bound to four other carbon atoms. For this reason, quaternary carbon atoms are found only in hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms. Quaternary carbon atoms can occur in branched alkanes, but not in linear alkanes.
Synthesis
The formation of chiral quaternary carbon centers has been a synthetic challenge. Chemists have developed asymmetric Diels–Alder reactions, Heck reaction, Enyne cyclization, cycloaddition reactions, C–H activation, Allylic substitution, Pauson–Khand reaction, etc. to construct asymmetric quaternary carbon atoms.
References
Chemical nomenclature
Organic chemistry |
6905299 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor%20Pong | Doctor Pong | Doctor Pong, also known as Puppy Pong, was an adaption of the original arcade Pong for use in a non-coin-operated environment. It was conceptualized by Nolan Bushnell, Steve Bristow, and a marketing firm to move their arcade games into a non-arcade environment — in this case, to help occupy children in pediatricians' waiting rooms. Originally designed to be a model of Snoopy's doghouse with Pong built into the side of it, when Charles Schulz declined Atari the use of Snoopy, the model was changed to a generic doghouse with a puppy looking over the top. Puppy Pong saw a limited production run and was tested at Chuck E. Cheese's early locations.
Technology
The original Snoopy Pong cabinet was designed by Regan Cheng of the Atari Industrial Design group. The follow-up Puppy Pong cabinet was designed by Regan's manager, Chas Grossman.
Both cabinets consisted of a doghouse housing a Pong board modified to not use a coin drop as a start trigger. The original Pong automatically starts several seconds after a coin is inserted. In Doctor Pong and Puppy Pong, a "start button" was instead wired up to start the games, set under the vertically mounted television in the dog house "roof." Instead of a traditional control panel, spinners are mounted directly on the roof, as well.
References
External links
A photograph of the original Snoopy Pong version.
1975 video games
Arcade video games
Arcade-only video games
Discrete video arcade games
Pong variations
Video games developed in the United States |
23577114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RML%209-inch%2012-ton%20gun | RML 9-inch 12-ton gun | The RML 9-inch guns Mark I – Mark VI were large rifled muzzle-loading guns of the 1860s used as primary armament on smaller British ironclad battleships and secondary armament on larger battleships, and also ashore for coast defence. It should not be confused with the RML 9-inch Armstrong Gun, used by the Dutch navy, the Spanish Navy, and other navies.
Design
The rifling was the Woolwich pattern of a relatively small number of broad, rounded shallow grooves : there were 6 grooves, increasing from 0 to 1 turn in 45 calibres (i.e. 405 inches).
Mark I, introduced in 1865, incorporated the strong but expensive Armstrong method of a steel A tube surrounded by multiple thin wrought-iron coils which maintained the central A tube under compression, and a forged steel breech-piece. 190 were made.
Mark II in 1866 incorporated the modified Fraser design. This was an economy measure, intended to reduce the costs incurred in building to the Armstrong design. It incorporated fewer but heavier wrought-iron coils but retained the Armstrong forged breech-piece. Only 26 were made.
Mark III in 1866–1867 eliminated the Armstrong forged breech piece and hence fully implemented the Fraser economy design. It consisted of only 4 parts : steel A tube, cascabel, B tube and breech coil. 136 were made.
Mark IV, introduced 1869, and V incorporated a thinner steel A tube and 2 breech coils. The explanation for separating the heavy breech coil of Mk III into a coiled breech piece covered by a breech coil was "the difficulty of ensuring the soundness of the interior of a large mass of iron".
Mk VI high-angle gun
In the late 1880s and early 1890s a small number of guns were adapted as high-angle coast defence guns around Britain : known battery locations were Tregantle Down Battery at Plymouth, Verne High Angle Battery at Portland and Steynewood Battery at Bembridge on the Isle of Wight.
The idea behind these high-angle guns was that the high elevation gave the shell a steep angle of descent and hence enabled it to penetrate the lightly armoured decks of attacking ships rather than their heavily armoured sides. To increase accuracy the old barrels were relined and given modern polygroove rifling : 27 grooves with a twist increasing from 1 turn in 100 calibres to 1 turn in 35 calibres after 49.5 inches. These guns fired a special 360-pound armour-piercing shell to a range of 10,500 yards using a propellant charge of 14 lb Cordite Mk I size 7½, remained in service through World War I and were not declared obsolete until 1922.
Some guns were bored out and relined in 10-inch calibre. A battery of six such guns is known to have been mounted at Spy Glass Battery on the Rock of Gibraltar, and six guns at Gharghur, Malta.
Ammunition
The projectiles of RML 9-inch guns Marks I-V (the Woolwich rifled guns) had several rows of "studs" which engaged with the gun's rifling to impart spin. Sometime after 1878, "attached gas-checks" were fitted to the bases of the studded shells, reducing wear on the guns and improving their range and accuracy. Subsequently, "automatic gas-checks" were developed which could rotate shells, allowing the deployment of a new range of studless ammunition. Thus, any particular gun potentially operated with a mix of studded and studless ammunition. The Mark VI high-angle gun had polygroove rifling, and was only able to fire studless ammunition, using a different automatic gas-check from the one used with Marks I-V.
The gun's primary projectile was Palliser shot or shell, an early armour-piercing projectile for attacking armoured warships. A large battering charge of 50 pounds P (pebble) or 43 pounds R.L.G. (rifle large grain) gunpowder was used for the Palliser projectile to achieve maximum velocity and hence penetrating capability.
Common (i.e. ordinary explosive) shells and shrapnel shells were fired with the standard full service charge of 30 pounds R.L.G. gunpowder or 33 pounds P (pebble) gunpowder, as for these velocity was not as important.
See also
List of naval guns
Surviving examples
Mark I Number 14, dated 1865 on Saint Helena
Mark I Number 22 at Middle North Battery, Simon's Town, South Africa, and still being fired.
Mark I Number 127 dated 1867, Castle Field, Wicklow
Mark I Number 148 dated 1867, Fort St. Catherine, Bermuda
Mark I guns at Apostles Battery, St Lucia
Mark III and Mark IV guns Needles Old Battery, Isle of Wight, UK
A Mark III gun from the Needles Old Battery, now outside Southsea Castle, Portsmouth, UK
Mark III gun, ex-Needles battery, now at Hurst Castle, Hampshire, UK
Mark III gun, ex-Needles battery, now at Fort Brockhurst, Hampshire, UK
Mark III gun, ex-Needles battery, now at Fort Widley, Hampshire, UK
Mark III Number 272 dated 1868, Alexander battery, St George, Bermuda
Mark V gun, Harwich Redoubt, Essex, UK
Mark V gun of 1872 at Whampoa, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Mark V Number 589, dated 1872 on Saint Helena
Mark V Number 592 at South Head, Sydney, Australia
Mark V Number 650, dated 1877 at York Redoubt, Halifax, Canada
MK I No. 1670 of 1867 at Fort Queenscliff, Victoria, Australia
No.s 1679 & 1683 at The Strand, Williamstown, Victoria, Australia
No.s 1669 & 1675 at Fort Gellibrand, Victoria, Australia
at York Redoubt National Historic Site, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
A gun at The Citadel, Quebec, Canada
Notes
References
Bibliography
Treatise on the construction and manufacture of ordnance in the British service. War Office, UK, 1877
Text Book of Gunnery, 1887. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE
Text Book of Gunnery, 1902. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE
Treatise on Ammunition. 2nd Edition 1877. War Office, UK.
Treatise on Ammunition, 4th Edition 1887. War Office, UK.
Sir Thomas Brassey, The British Navy, Volume II. London: Longmans, Green and Co. 1882
I.V. Hogg & L.F. Thurston, British Artillery Weapons & Ammunition 1914–1918. London: Ian Allan, 1972.
Alexander Lyman Holley, A Treatise on Ordnance and Armor published by D Van Nostrand, New York, 1865
"High Angle Fire Mountings and Batteries" at Victorian Forts website
" Handbook for the 9-inch rifled muzzle-loading gun of 12-tons Marks I to VIc", 1894, London. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office
External links
Diagram of gun on Moncrieff disappearing mounting, at Victorian Forts website
Diagram of gun on Casemate A Pivot mounting, at Victorian Forts website
Diagram of gun on C Pivot, at Victorian Forts website
Diagram of gun on Dwarf A Pivot, at Victorian Forts website
Diagram of gun on High Angle mounting, at Victorian Forts website
Naval guns of the United Kingdom
230 mm artillery
Victorian-era weapons of the United Kingdom
Coastal artillery |
6905305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Thompson%20%28American%20football%29 | Charles Thompson (American football) | Charles Thompson (born May 28, 1968) is an American businessman, motivational speaker, and former football player, best known for his tenure and spectacular downfall as the quarterback of the Oklahoma Sooners.
Rise with the Sooners
Raised in Lawton, Oklahoma, Thompson proved to be a highly skilled athlete and was recruited by the University of Oklahoma, a NCAA Division I-A college football program, under head coach Barry Switzer. He was also drafted by Major League Baseball's Cincinnati Reds in the 4th round as a second baseman; however, he decided to focus on football. As a redshirt freshman, Thompson became the starting quarterback of the nationally ranked Sooners for the 1987 season. The highlight came on November 21, 1987, when Thompson led the offense of then #2-ranked Sooners to a dominating victory over the #1 Nebraska Cornhuskers in a game that was heavily hyped as the Game of the Century II. While the Sooners would drop their final game of the season in the 1988 Orange Bowl and finish 11-1, Thompson's status as a nationally famous collegiate athlete was confirmed.
During the 1988 season, Thompson, now a redshirt sophomore, led the Sooners to a 9-3 record. Thompson was a successful quarterback, named to the All-Big Eight Conference - 1st team. Off the field he was a celebrity, volunteering to speak to at-risk youth about how to succeed in the face of adversity and, the danger of illegal drugs.
Downfall
Arrest
On January 26, 1989, the FBI videotaped Thompson selling 17 grams of cocaine for $1,400 to an undercover agent. On February 13, Thompson was arrested in Norman, Oklahoma and charged with dealing cocaine. He was released to his mother's custody on February 15, to await trial as Thompson waived his right to a preliminary hearing. In the meantime, the Sooners suspended him from the team.
Aftermath
A media frenzy followed the arrest, peaking when a notorious picture of the handcuffed Thompson in a prison jumpsuit appeared on the cover of the February 27, 1989 issue of Sports Illustrated, accompanied by accusations that the Switzer-led Sooners were out of control. Switzer's Sooners had already been under heavy public and media scrutiny before the incident as players had been arrested, in separate incidents, for assault with a deadly weapon and rape. With the national coverage brought by his star quarterback's arrest, Switzer resigned as head coach soon afterwards after leading the team for sixteen seasons.
Trial and prison
At his trial at a federal court in Oklahoma City, Thompson pleaded guilty, saying he knew he had done wrong and would take his punishment. The plea waived his rights to a jury trial and grand jury consideration of his case. He was convicted on April 26 of one count of conspiracy to distribute cocaine and sentenced on August 31 to two years in prison. He entered a federal prison in Big Spring, Texas on September 20, 1989.
While in prison, Thompson spoke out on the pressure and vices that can befall big-time college football. He was interviewed for ESPN by Chris Fowler, and, with Allan Sonnenschein, wrote the 1990 book Down and Dirty: The Life and Crimes of Oklahoma Football ().
After prison
Return to football
Although his sentence carried a maximum term of 27 months and a minimum term of 21, he was released after 17 months and transferred to Central State University, a historically black university located in Wilberforce, Ohio. He joined Central State's then-NAIA football team primarily as a running back, and helped them win the 1992 NAIA Division I Championship. As a 25-year-old junior, Thompson carried 200 times for 1,018 yards and five touchdowns and caught 29 passes for 439 yards and 7 touchdowns. He decided to forgo his senior year and enter the 1993 NFL Draft; but his past proved to be too great a risk for NFL teams, and he went undrafted and never played in the NFL.
Post-football
With his football career over, Thompson completed his degree, reaffirmed his Christianity and married. He found success as a motivational speaker, and his turnaround was featured in a Sports Illustrated "Where are they now?" feature. His oldest son Kendal Thompson also played quarterback at University of Oklahoma before transferring to the University of Utah. He was instrumental in Utah's win over #8 UCLA on October 4, 2014. In July 2016, Kendal signed a three-year contract as a wide receiver for the Washington Redskins. His middle son, Casey Thompson, played at the University of Texas from 2017 to 2021. After dealing with a hand injury between various starts during the 2021 season, he announced he would transfer to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. His youngest son is Cade Thompson. Charles currently resides in Oklahoma City.
References
Thompson Released, The New York Times, February 16, 1989.
Oklahoma Star Guilty, The New York Times, April 27, 1989.
Thompson Sentenced, The New York Times, August 31, 1989.
Sooner to Go to Prison, The New York Times, September 20, 1989.
Thompson Enters Draft, The New York Times, January 7, 1993.
External links
Charles Thompson's motivational speaker biography
1968 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
American football running backs
American motivational speakers
American players of Canadian football
American prisoners and detainees
Barcelona Dragons players
Central State Marauders football players
Oklahoma Sooners football players
Sportspeople from Lawton, Oklahoma
Players of American football from Oklahoma
Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government
Sacramento Gold Miners players
Shreveport Pirates players
American people convicted of drug offenses |
26720600 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnel%20Polytechnic | Agnel Polytechnic | Agnel Polytechnic is a polytechnic college which has adopted the education system from Maharashtra Board of Technical Education (MSBTE) located in Vashi [Juhu Nagar] the heart of Navi Mumbai, a satellite city to the metropolis of Mumbai in Maharashtra, India. It is the 'first and only' educational institution accredited by the National Board of Accreditation in Navi Mumbai. The technical institute offers diploma courses in the fields of electronics and telecommunications engineering, civil engineering, mechanical engineering and automobile engineering. The college is dominantly controlled by the principal Mrs Saly Antony. It is a part of the Father Agnel Ashram's family of educational institutions spread across India subsidiary to the Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues Institute of Technology. It is popularly known as the 'Fr. Agnel Polytechnic.'
Campus
Agnel Polytechnic is located in the Agnel Technical Education Complex, Sector - 9A,Juhu Nagar Vashi. It stands besides the biggest Mosque in Navi Mumbai. The whole campus is designed for the urban outlook. It mainly consists of the engineering college, the Central Library and then the Polytechnic, canteen, workshop, quarters and Father Saturnino Almeida's residence, Omkar all the way around the large campus. It is the largest campus in Navi Mumbai. College staff are given the facility to stay in the quarters with their families.
Student activities
The Agnel council was formed in the year 2004. From this year onwards various events are being conducted by the staff and students of the institute for the overall development of the students, for example, Technocratz (Technical event), Zest (Sports festival), Resonance (Cultural festival) and other activities such as alumni meet. This also includes an Agnel Social Cell to enable the students to understand and serve the society.
See also
University of Mumbai
Agnel Ashram
Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues College of Engineering (FCRCE)
External links
Agnel Polytechnic, Vashi
Agnel Student Council
Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues Institute of Technology (FCRIT), Vashi
Education in Navi Mumbai |
20474639 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20NCAA%20Division%20I%20FCS%20football%20season | 2006 NCAA Division I FCS football season | The 2006 NCAA Division I FCS football season, the 2006 season of college football for teams in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), began on August 26, 2006 and concluded on December 15, 2006, in Chattanooga, Tennessee, at the 2006 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game where the Appalachian State Mountaineers defeated the UMass Minutemen, 28–17.
Rule changes
There are several rules that have changed for the 2006 season. Following are some highlights:
Players may only wear clear eyeshields. Previously, both tinted and orange were also allowed.
The kicking tee has been lowered from two inches tall to only one inch.
Halftime lasts twenty minutes. Previously, it was only fifteen minutes.
On a kickoff, the game clock starts when the ball is kicked rather than when the receiving team touches it.
This rule change has resulted in controversy, highlighted by the matchup between Wisconsin and Penn State on November 4, 2006, in which Wisconsin deliberately went off-sides on two consecutive kickoffs to run extra time off the clock at the close of the first half.
On a change of possession, the clock starts when the referee marks the ball ready for play, instead of on the snap.
The referee may no longer stop the game due to excessive crowd noise.
When a live-ball penalty such as an illegal formation occurs on a kick, the receiving team may choose either to add the penalty yardage to the end of the return or require the kick to be attempted again with the spot moved back. Previously, only the latter option was available.
If a team scores at the end of the game, they will not kick the extra point unless it would affect the outcome of the game.
Instant replay is now officially sanctioned and standardized. All plays are reviewed by the replay officials as the play occurs. They may call down to the on-field officials to stop play if they need extra time to make a review. Each coach may also make one challenge per game. In the case of a coach's challenge, the coach must have at least one time-out remaining. If the challenge is upheld the coach gets the time-out back but the challenge is spent. If the challenge is rejected, both the challenge and the time-out are spent.
Conference changes and new programs
FCS team wins over FBS teams
September 2 – Montana State 19, Colorado 10
September 2 – Portland State 17 New Mexico 7
September 2 – Richmond 13, Duke 0
September 9 – New Hampshire 34, Northwestern 17
September 16 – Southern Illinois 35, Indiana 28
September 23 – North Dakota State 29, Ball State 24
October 28 - Cal Poly SLO 16, San Diego State 14
Conference standings
Conference champions
Automatic berths
Invitation
Abstains
Postseason
NCAA Division I playoff bracket
* Host institution
SWAC Championship Game
Gridiron Classic
The Gridiron Classic is an annual game between the champions of the Northeast Conference and the Pioneer Football League that has been held since December 2006.
Final poll standings
Standings are from The Sports Network final 2006 poll.
References
External links |
26720611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido%20Balzarini | Guido Balzarini | Guido Balzarini (21 October 1874 – 1935) was an Italian fencer. He won a gold medal in the team sabre competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1874 births
1935 deaths
Italian male fencers
Olympic fencers of Italy
Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Italy
Olympic medalists in fencing
People from Terni
Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from the Province of Terni |
26720630 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby%20Niveditha | Baby Niveditha | Niveditha Vijayan credited as Baby Niveditha is a former Indian child actress who works predominantly in Malayalam films. She who the Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist in 2009 for her acting in Kaana Kanmani and Bhramaram.
Personal life
She is born as the second child to Vijayan and Praseetha who has settled in Abu Dhabi. She has an elder sister named Niranjana Vijayan who is also an actress.
Filmography
Awards
References
External links
Actresses from Kannur
Indian child actresses
Living people
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Indian film actresses
21st-century Indian child actresses
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Child actresses in Malayalam cinema
Year of birth missing (living people) |
26720632 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Shkoder | Siege of Shkoder | The siege of Shkoder may refer to:
The siege of Shkodra (known also as the siege of Scutari) in 1478–79, a siege by Ottoman forces upon the Venetian-controlled Albanian fortress at Shkodra.
The siege of Shkodra (known also as the siege of Scutari) in 1912–13, a siege by predominantly Montenegrin forces upon the Ottoman-controlled Albanian fortress at Shkodra.
Note: The city called Shkodra has been known by many names throughout history: Shkodra, Shkodër, Skadar, and Scutari are the most common. The current English (and Albanian) spelling is Shkodra. Shkodër is the indefinite nominative form of the name in Albanian, and is sometimes written as Shkoder in English. Scutari was the old Italian and Venetian name for the city. Skadar is the Serbian and Montenegrin name, and is also used in reference to the neighbouring lake. |
44504322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%20Miller | Levi Miller | Levi Zane Miller (born 30 September 2002) is an Australian actor and model. He is known for playing Peter Pan in Pan (2015), Luke in Better Watch Out (2016), and Calvin in A Wrinkle in Time (2018).
Early life
Miller was born in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. At the age of 5 or 6 he entered and won a drama competition with a Peter Pan monologue. He appeared in several Australian television commercials.
Career
Miller appeared in the film A Heartbeat Away (2012) and in short films such as Akiva (2010) and Great Adventures (2012). He was selected by the film's director Joe Wright for the role of Peter Pan in Pan. He appeared in Red Dog: True Blue where he played Mick.
In 2015, he was named ambassador for Polo, the Ralph Lauren kids' fall campaign.
In 2016, Miller starred as Luke in the psychological horror Christmas-themed film Better Watch Out where the young Australian actor's performance was highly regarded by film critics. He played Charlie Bucktin in the film adaptation of Australian novel Jasper Jones.
In 2018, he played Calvin O'Keefe in the American fantasy adventure A Wrinkle in Time. The next year, he played Leo in the film American Exit (2019). Miller also played Bejamin Lane in the sports drama film Streamline (2021). In 2022, Miller was cast in the superhero film Kraven the Hunter.
Filmography
Film
Television
Awards and nominations
References
External links
2002 births
Living people
21st-century Australian male actors
Australian male child actors
Australian male film actors
Australian male television actors
People from Brisbane |
26720642 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rkapp | Sørkapp | Sørkapp ("South Cape") is the southernmost point on Sørkappøya, south of Spitsbergen, the largest island in the Svalbard archipelago, Arctic Norway. It was originally named Point Lookout (1612). The cape itself is long. The point is bordered by the Greenland Sea to the west, the Norwegian Sea to the south and the Barents Sea to the east. The point is within the Sørkapp Bird Sanctuary.
The distance to mainland Norway at Ingøy is about 640 km and to Bear Island about 230 km.
References
Peninsulas of Svalbard
Ramsar sites in Norway
Sørkappøya |
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