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75,585,548 | Sardar Gurcharan Singh | Sardar Gurcharan Singh was an Indian potter.
He studied in Japan. After his return for a couple of years his patron was the Maharao Raja of Bundi. He set up his kiln in Delhi in 1952. He received the Padma Shri for his services in the development of Indian ceramic art.
In 1991 the Delhi Blue Pottery Trust was founded by him to further develop the art.
A documentary film "The Lotus and the Swan" was made about his life by Nirmal Chander and presented at the Dharamshala International Film Festival.
He passed away in 1995 at the age of 99. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sardar Gurcharan Singh was an Indian potter.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He studied in Japan. After his return for a couple of years his patron was the Maharao Raja of Bundi. He set up his kiln in Delhi in 1952. He received the Padma Shri for his services in the development of Indian ceramic art.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1991 the Delhi Blue Pottery Trust was founded by him to further develop the art.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "A documentary film \"The Lotus and the Swan\" was made about his life by Nirmal Chander and presented at the Dharamshala International Film Festival.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "He passed away in 1995 at the age of 99.",
"title": ""
}
] | Sardar Gurcharan Singh was an Indian potter. He studied in Japan. After his return for a couple of years his patron was the Maharao Raja of Bundi. He set up his kiln in Delhi in 1952. He received the Padma Shri for his services in the development of Indian ceramic art. In 1991 the Delhi Blue Pottery Trust was founded by him to further develop the art. A documentary film "The Lotus and the Swan" was made about his life by Nirmal Chander and presented at the Dharamshala International Film Festival. He passed away in 1995 at the age of 99. | 2023-12-17T14:46:16Z | 2023-12-17T20:56:42Z | [
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardar_Gurcharan_Singh |
75,585,565 | Jona Niemiec | Jona Niemiec (born 19 September 2001) is a German footballer who plays as a forward for 2. Bundesliga club Fortuna Düsseldorf.
Niemiec was born in Lüdenscheid, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, brother and uncle were all involved in local football. He is of Polish origin.
Niemiec began playing football in his hometown as a youth for LTV 61 and SD Lüdenscheid, before joining Rot-Weiß Lüdenscheid. In the summer of 2020, he was about to join the latter club's senior team, but instead chose to sign for TSG Sprockhövel in the fifth-tier Oberliga Westfalen. His first year as a senior was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but earned him trials at professional clubs Rot-Weiss Essen, SC Freiburg and FC Schalke 04 before he opted for Fortuna Düsseldorf. Aged 19, he left his job at plumbing manufacturer Flühs Drehtechnik.
Having scored three goals in seven games for TSG Sprockhövel while missing only three minutes, Niemiec joined Düsseldorf in May 2021, being assigned to the reserve team in the fourth-tier Regionalliga.
On 8 February 2023, Niemiec made his professional debut in the DFB-Pokal round of 16 away to 1. FC Nürnberg. He came on as a substitute in added time for goalscorer Dawid Kownacki with Fortuna winning 1–0, but they conceded an equaliser and the game went to extra time. In time added onto extra time, he was fouled by opponent Florian Flick, who was sent off. The game went to a penalty shootout, in which he was the only player to miss, his attempt being saved by FCN goalkeeper Peter Vindahl.
Four days after his cup debut, Niemiec played his first 2. Bundesliga game, again as a substitute. He assisted the second goal of a 2–0 win at home to SV Sandhausen, scored by Rouwen Hennings. He played 12 games in his first league season, scoring once on 24 February to conclude a 3–1 win over Eintracht Braunschweig at the Merkur Spiel-Arena in his third match.
In the summer of 2023, Niemiec wanted to transfer to a club in the 3. Liga due to a lack of playing time, but his move did not come to fruition. On 5 December, in the last 16 of the cup, he came off the bench with five minutes remaining and scored both goals of a 2–1 win at 1. FC Magdeburg; his contributions earned the club €1.7 million in prize money. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Jona Niemiec (born 19 September 2001) is a German footballer who plays as a forward for 2. Bundesliga club Fortuna Düsseldorf.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Niemiec was born in Lüdenscheid, North Rhine-Westphalia. His father, brother and uncle were all involved in local football. He is of Polish origin.",
"title": "Early and personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Niemiec began playing football in his hometown as a youth for LTV 61 and SD Lüdenscheid, before joining Rot-Weiß Lüdenscheid. In the summer of 2020, he was about to join the latter club's senior team, but instead chose to sign for TSG Sprockhövel in the fifth-tier Oberliga Westfalen. His first year as a senior was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but earned him trials at professional clubs Rot-Weiss Essen, SC Freiburg and FC Schalke 04 before he opted for Fortuna Düsseldorf. Aged 19, he left his job at plumbing manufacturer Flühs Drehtechnik.",
"title": "Early and personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Having scored three goals in seven games for TSG Sprockhövel while missing only three minutes, Niemiec joined Düsseldorf in May 2021, being assigned to the reserve team in the fourth-tier Regionalliga.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "On 8 February 2023, Niemiec made his professional debut in the DFB-Pokal round of 16 away to 1. FC Nürnberg. He came on as a substitute in added time for goalscorer Dawid Kownacki with Fortuna winning 1–0, but they conceded an equaliser and the game went to extra time. In time added onto extra time, he was fouled by opponent Florian Flick, who was sent off. The game went to a penalty shootout, in which he was the only player to miss, his attempt being saved by FCN goalkeeper Peter Vindahl.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Four days after his cup debut, Niemiec played his first 2. Bundesliga game, again as a substitute. He assisted the second goal of a 2–0 win at home to SV Sandhausen, scored by Rouwen Hennings. He played 12 games in his first league season, scoring once on 24 February to conclude a 3–1 win over Eintracht Braunschweig at the Merkur Spiel-Arena in his third match.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In the summer of 2023, Niemiec wanted to transfer to a club in the 3. Liga due to a lack of playing time, but his move did not come to fruition. On 5 December, in the last 16 of the cup, he came off the bench with five minutes remaining and scored both goals of a 2–1 win at 1. FC Magdeburg; his contributions earned the club €1.7 million in prize money.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Jona Niemiec is a German footballer who plays as a forward for 2. Bundesliga club Fortuna Düsseldorf. | 2023-12-17T14:49:11Z | 2023-12-18T08:16:26Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
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"Template:Infobox football biography",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jona_Niemiec |
75,585,568 | Guillaume Tell Poussin | Guillaume Tell de La Vallée-Poussin (1794–1876) was a French engineer and diplomat.
Poussin was born at Poissy (Yvelines) on 10 February 1794 and was named after the republican hero William Tell. His father, Jean Étienne de La Vallée dit Poussin (1735-1802), was a painter and decorator who had won the Prix de Rome in 1759; his mother was Élisabeth Félicité Gillet (born c. 1750). In 1814 he was registered as a student of architecture at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris, but soon thereafter he departed for the United States. He served as a captain in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, becoming aide de camp to General Simon Bernard. He returned to France in 1831, and spent time travelling through England, Belgium, and the Rhineland, taking a particular interest in the development of railways. In 1841 he published Considérations sur le principe démocratique, to correct what he saw as Alexis de Tocqueville's superficial understanding of American democracy. From 1848 to 1849 Poussin served as ambassador of the French Second Republic to the United States, answerable to Tocqueville, who was then French foreign minister. He was recalled after diplomatic relations became strained due to the intemperate language that he and the US Secretary of State, John M. Clayton, had used to one another in correspondence over an attempt by the captain of the USS Iris to claim right of salvage over a French ship stranded off Veracruz.
In 1850 he married Louise Roux, who in 1853 gave birth to their daughter, Camille Emma Aline.
Poussin died at home in Paris (13 rue Say) on 7 November 1876 and was buried in the Père-Lachaise Cemetery. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Guillaume Tell de La Vallée-Poussin (1794–1876) was a French engineer and diplomat.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Poussin was born at Poissy (Yvelines) on 10 February 1794 and was named after the republican hero William Tell. His father, Jean Étienne de La Vallée dit Poussin (1735-1802), was a painter and decorator who had won the Prix de Rome in 1759; his mother was Élisabeth Félicité Gillet (born c. 1750). In 1814 he was registered as a student of architecture at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris, but soon thereafter he departed for the United States. He served as a captain in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, becoming aide de camp to General Simon Bernard. He returned to France in 1831, and spent time travelling through England, Belgium, and the Rhineland, taking a particular interest in the development of railways. In 1841 he published Considérations sur le principe démocratique, to correct what he saw as Alexis de Tocqueville's superficial understanding of American democracy. From 1848 to 1849 Poussin served as ambassador of the French Second Republic to the United States, answerable to Tocqueville, who was then French foreign minister. He was recalled after diplomatic relations became strained due to the intemperate language that he and the US Secretary of State, John M. Clayton, had used to one another in correspondence over an attempt by the captain of the USS Iris to claim right of salvage over a French ship stranded off Veracruz.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1850 he married Louise Roux, who in 1853 gave birth to their daughter, Camille Emma Aline.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Poussin died at home in Paris (13 rue Say) on 7 November 1876 and was buried in the Père-Lachaise Cemetery.",
"title": "Life"
}
] | Guillaume Tell de La Vallée-Poussin (1794–1876) was a French engineer and diplomat. | 2023-12-17T14:50:16Z | 2023-12-26T14:57:35Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Tell_Poussin |
75,585,575 | AQ-400 Scythe | The AQ-400 Scythe is a one-way attack drone designed and built by Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Terminal Autonomy, previously named One Way Aerospace, was founded in mid-2022 by two veterans of the British and Australian militaries and a Ukrainian engineer to develop various low-cost, domestically produced kamikaze drones. One product was the AQ-400, which was first demonstrated in spring 2023. The Armed Forces of Ukraine received the first batch in December 2023. Initial plans are to produce 100 units per month, and then scale up to 500 per month in Q2 2024, with a goal of producing 1,000 units monthly.
The AQ-400 is characterized by swift assembly, mass production capabilities, and cost-effectiveness. The fuselage is made from milled sheets of plywood from civilian furniture factories, which is a more scalable alternative than 3-D printing or other materials such as fiberglass. Technical training is not required, allowing them to be manufactured at scale without skilled labor. Although some components are sourced from abroad, the focus is on maximalizing production within Ukraine's borders. It has two sets of wings, one forward and one rear, with a wingspan of 2.3 m; 30 fully-assembled Scythes can be stacked in one shipping container for transport. Take off is achieved from short airstrips using its own tricycle landing gear or from a catapult using rocket boosters. Overall weight is 100 kg with a 43 kg payload, of which 32 kg is the warhead which can be thermobaric or hold two 122 mm artillery shells. Using the standard gas engine and pusher propeller, the AQ-400 has a cruise speed of 144 km/h (89 mph), a top speed of 200 km/h, endurance of 6.5 hours, and a strike range of 750 km; depending on the engine option, range could be increased as far as 900 km (560 mi), or payload increased to 70 kg (150 lb) at a reduced range.
Guidance at low altitude uses a laser altimeter to approach at 30 m to minimize the effects of electronic warfare to jam GPS navigation until very close to the target. At high altitudes of 3,000 m, it navigates with a visual positioning system using roads and other visible landmarks. A video link option is available so an operator can manually guide the drone to hit moving targets, but this adds costs and only works at shorter ranges. The basic Scythe airframe costs USD$15,000, which increases to USD$30,000 with a guidance system and other features; this compares to around USD$20,000 for a Shahed-136 one-way attack munition used by Russia. Swarms can use a leader-follower method, where one lead drone carrying a navigation system is followed by nine basic drones, which help saturate the target area and draw off enemy defenses from the lethal version. The use of such drones is intended to overwhelm air defenses as well as make them expend expensive interceptors against cheaper targets, exhausting their supplies over time. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The AQ-400 Scythe is a one-way attack drone designed and built by Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Terminal Autonomy, previously named One Way Aerospace, was founded in mid-2022 by two veterans of the British and Australian militaries and a Ukrainian engineer to develop various low-cost, domestically produced kamikaze drones. One product was the AQ-400, which was first demonstrated in spring 2023. The Armed Forces of Ukraine received the first batch in December 2023. Initial plans are to produce 100 units per month, and then scale up to 500 per month in Q2 2024, with a goal of producing 1,000 units monthly.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The AQ-400 is characterized by swift assembly, mass production capabilities, and cost-effectiveness. The fuselage is made from milled sheets of plywood from civilian furniture factories, which is a more scalable alternative than 3-D printing or other materials such as fiberglass. Technical training is not required, allowing them to be manufactured at scale without skilled labor. Although some components are sourced from abroad, the focus is on maximalizing production within Ukraine's borders. It has two sets of wings, one forward and one rear, with a wingspan of 2.3 m; 30 fully-assembled Scythes can be stacked in one shipping container for transport. Take off is achieved from short airstrips using its own tricycle landing gear or from a catapult using rocket boosters. Overall weight is 100 kg with a 43 kg payload, of which 32 kg is the warhead which can be thermobaric or hold two 122 mm artillery shells. Using the standard gas engine and pusher propeller, the AQ-400 has a cruise speed of 144 km/h (89 mph), a top speed of 200 km/h, endurance of 6.5 hours, and a strike range of 750 km; depending on the engine option, range could be increased as far as 900 km (560 mi), or payload increased to 70 kg (150 lb) at a reduced range.",
"title": "Design"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Guidance at low altitude uses a laser altimeter to approach at 30 m to minimize the effects of electronic warfare to jam GPS navigation until very close to the target. At high altitudes of 3,000 m, it navigates with a visual positioning system using roads and other visible landmarks. A video link option is available so an operator can manually guide the drone to hit moving targets, but this adds costs and only works at shorter ranges. The basic Scythe airframe costs USD$15,000, which increases to USD$30,000 with a guidance system and other features; this compares to around USD$20,000 for a Shahed-136 one-way attack munition used by Russia. Swarms can use a leader-follower method, where one lead drone carrying a navigation system is followed by nine basic drones, which help saturate the target area and draw off enemy defenses from the lethal version. The use of such drones is intended to overwhelm air defenses as well as make them expend expensive interceptors against cheaper targets, exhausting their supplies over time.",
"title": "Design"
}
] | The AQ-400 Scythe is a one-way attack drone designed and built by Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. | 2023-12-17T14:51:59Z | 2023-12-31T01:04:44Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:More citations needed",
"Template:Infobox weapon",
"Template:Cvt",
"Template:Flag",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AQ-400_Scythe |
75,585,581 | Rajavaram | Rajavaram is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division.
According to 2011 census of India, there are 251 households with a total population of 955 individuals (488 males and 467 females. Scheduled Castes comprise 457 individuals, while Scheduled Tribes include 7 individuals. The literate population is 573. There are 534 workers in the village. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rajavaram is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to 2011 census of India, there are 251 households with a total population of 955 individuals (488 males and 467 females. Scheduled Castes comprise 457 individuals, while Scheduled Tribes include 7 individuals. The literate population is 573. There are 534 workers in the village.",
"title": "Demographics"
}
] | Rajavaram is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division. | 2023-12-17T14:52:30Z | 2023-12-20T12:37:23Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:AndhraPradesh-geo-stub"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajavaram |
75,585,610 | Penugolanu | Penugolanu is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division.
According to 2011 census of India, Penugolanu village includes a total population of 7,045, with 1,988 households. The village 1,647 individuals belonging to Scheduled Castes, and 113 belonging to Scheduled Tribes. The literacy rate is 3,710, with 4,016 individuals engaged in work and 3,335 classified as illiterate. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Penugolanu is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to 2011 census of India, Penugolanu village includes a total population of 7,045, with 1,988 households. The village 1,647 individuals belonging to Scheduled Castes, and 113 belonging to Scheduled Tribes. The literacy rate is 3,710, with 4,016 individuals engaged in work and 3,335 classified as illiterate.",
"title": "Demographics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Penugolanu is a village located in the Gampalagudem mandal, NTR district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Tiruvuru revenue division. | 2023-12-17T15:00:21Z | 2023-12-20T12:37:01Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Coord missing",
"Template:AndhraPradesh-geo-stub",
"Template:Infobox settlement",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penugolanu |
75,585,627 | 1983 Chester City Council election | The 1983 Chester City Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Chester City Council in Cheshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 1983 Chester City Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Chester City Council in Cheshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections.",
"title": ""
}
] | The 1983 Chester City Council election took place on 5 May 1983 to elect members of Chester City Council in Cheshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. | 2023-12-17T15:04:48Z | 2023-12-30T19:24:24Z | [
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"Template:Election summary partial council net party",
"Template:Election box begin",
"Template:Election box winning candidate with party link",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cheshire elections"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Chester_City_Council_election |
75,585,647 | Medal for excellence in military service (Azerbaijan) | Medal "For outstanding achievement in military service" - medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
The medal "For outstanding achievement in military service" consists of a round plate cast from bronze, 35 mm in diameter, and a narrow plate with a white crescent and an eight-pointed star. On the obverse of the medal, an eight-pointed star with a smooth upper surface, convex corners, eagle wings spread, crossed rifles and an anchor is depicted.
On the upper surface of the star, there are relief rays between the contours of its corners and the contours of the circle. Above the circle with contours on both sides is the Medal "For distinction in military service" 3rd class silver, 2nd class circle and gold except for inscriptions on it, 1st class gold, eagle wings silver, anchor black. The back side is smooth.
The medal is attached to a 27mm x 43mm rectangular olive drab ribbon with collar and ring attachment. For medals of all ranks, 1 mm wide golden vertical stripes are depicted on the edges of the black stripe. In the middle of the medal there is a 5 mm wide golden vertical stripe for the 1st degree, and two and three 2 mm wide stripes for the 2nd and 3rd degrees respectively. The medal is accompanied by a 27mm x 9mm die with an element to be attached to clothing, covered with the same black ribbon. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Medal \"For outstanding achievement in military service\" - medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The medal \"For outstanding achievement in military service\" consists of a round plate cast from bronze, 35 mm in diameter, and a narrow plate with a white crescent and an eight-pointed star. On the obverse of the medal, an eight-pointed star with a smooth upper surface, convex corners, eagle wings spread, crossed rifles and an anchor is depicted.",
"title": "Description of the medal \"For outstanding achievement in military service\" 1st, 2nd and 3rd class[2]"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On the upper surface of the star, there are relief rays between the contours of its corners and the contours of the circle. Above the circle with contours on both sides is the Medal \"For distinction in military service\" 3rd class silver, 2nd class circle and gold except for inscriptions on it, 1st class gold, eagle wings silver, anchor black. The back side is smooth.",
"title": "Description of the medal \"For outstanding achievement in military service\" 1st, 2nd and 3rd class[2]"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The medal is attached to a 27mm x 43mm rectangular olive drab ribbon with collar and ring attachment. For medals of all ranks, 1 mm wide golden vertical stripes are depicted on the edges of the black stripe. In the middle of the medal there is a 5 mm wide golden vertical stripe for the 1st degree, and two and three 2 mm wide stripes for the 2nd and 3rd degrees respectively. The medal is accompanied by a 27mm x 9mm die with an element to be attached to clothing, covered with the same black ribbon.",
"title": "Description of the medal \"For outstanding achievement in military service\" 1st, 2nd and 3rd class[2]"
}
] | Medal "For outstanding achievement in military service" - medal of the Republic of Azerbaijan. | 2023-12-17T15:10:34Z | 2023-12-17T18:11:11Z | [
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal_for_excellence_in_military_service_(Azerbaijan) |
75,585,675 | Marie-Dominique-Joseph Engramelle | Father Marie-Dominique-Joseph Engramelle ( Nédonchel ( March 24, 1727 Fontainbleau February 9, 1805) was a French religious prosecutor of the convent of Petits-Augustins de Paris, surveyor and topographer, passionate about music and mechanics and inventor of a musical recording process. He published his treatise in 1775 La Tonotechnie ou l'Art de noter les cylindres, et tout ce qui est susceptible de notage dans les instruments de concerts méchaniques sur la façon de noter le picotage des rouleaux d'orgues mécaniques in English Tonotechnie or the Art of notating cylinders, and everything that is capable of noting in mechanical concert instruments on how to note the pecking of mechanical organ rolls. His brother Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle (1734-1814), also an Augustinian monk in Paris, was a renowned entomologist who, who commissioned by Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d'Orcy published between 1779 and 1792 a publication illustrating the butterflies of Europe in 28 notebooks divided into 8 volumes of nearly 3000 drawings engraved then painted by hand which sold by subscription in 250 copies under the title: "Butterflies of Europe painted from nature by M.Ernst, engraved by M.Gérardin, and colored under their direction, described by R.P. Engramelle, Augustinian monk from the Saint Germain district" | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Father Marie-Dominique-Joseph Engramelle ( Nédonchel ( March 24, 1727 Fontainbleau February 9, 1805) was a French religious prosecutor of the convent of Petits-Augustins de Paris, surveyor and topographer, passionate about music and mechanics and inventor of a musical recording process. He published his treatise in 1775 La Tonotechnie ou l'Art de noter les cylindres, et tout ce qui est susceptible de notage dans les instruments de concerts méchaniques sur la façon de noter le picotage des rouleaux d'orgues mécaniques in English Tonotechnie or the Art of notating cylinders, and everything that is capable of noting in mechanical concert instruments on how to note the pecking of mechanical organ rolls. His brother Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle (1734-1814), also an Augustinian monk in Paris, was a renowned entomologist who, who commissioned by Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d'Orcy published between 1779 and 1792 a publication illustrating the butterflies of Europe in 28 notebooks divided into 8 volumes of nearly 3000 drawings engraved then painted by hand which sold by subscription in 250 copies under the title: \"Butterflies of Europe painted from nature by M.Ernst, engraved by M.Gérardin, and colored under their direction, described by R.P. Engramelle, Augustinian monk from the Saint Germain district\"",
"title": ""
}
] | Father Marie-Dominique-Joseph Engramelle ( Nédonchel was a French religious prosecutor of the convent of Petits-Augustins de Paris, surveyor and topographer, passionate about music and mechanics and inventor of a musical recording process.
He published his treatise in 1775 La Tonotechnie ou l'Art de noter les cylindres, et tout ce qui est susceptible de notage dans les instruments de concerts méchaniques sur la façon de noter le picotage des rouleaux d'orgues mécaniques in English Tonotechnie or the Art of notating cylinders, and everything that is capable of noting in mechanical concert instruments on how to note the pecking of mechanical organ rolls.
His brother Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle, also an Augustinian monk in Paris, was a renowned entomologist who, who commissioned by Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d'Orcy published between 1779 and 1792 a publication illustrating the butterflies of Europe in 28 notebooks divided into 8 volumes of nearly 3000 drawings engraved then painted by hand which sold by subscription in 250 copies under the title: "Butterflies of Europe painted from nature by M.Ernst, engraved by M.Gérardin, and colored under their direction, described by R.P. Engramelle, Augustinian monk from the Saint Germain district" | 2023-12-17T15:14:22Z | 2023-12-19T03:45:13Z | [
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"Template:ISSN"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Dominique-Joseph_Engramelle |
75,585,687 | White Darkness (film) | White Darkness (Czech: Bílá tma) is a 1948 Czech war drama film directed by Frantisek Cáp and starring Július Pántik, Mária Prechovská and Boris Andreyev. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Miroslav Pelc and Karel Skvor.
During the Second World War partisans take to the mountains during winter to resist the German occupation. | [
{
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"text": "White Darkness (Czech: Bílá tma) is a 1948 Czech war drama film directed by Frantisek Cáp and starring Július Pántik, Mária Prechovská and Boris Andreyev. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Miroslav Pelc and Karel Skvor.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "During the Second World War partisans take to the mountains during winter to resist the German occupation.",
"title": "Synopsis"
}
] | White Darkness is a 1948 Czech war drama film directed by Frantisek Cáp and starring Július Pántik, Mária Prechovská and Boris Andreyev. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Miroslav Pelc and Karel Skvor. | 2023-12-17T15:16:28Z | 2023-12-21T21:44:20Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Darkness_(film) |
75,585,691 | Nicholas Chamberlaine Almshouses | The Nicholas Chamberlaine Almshouses are grade II* listed almshouses in the town centre of Bedworth, Warwickshire, England. Dating from 1840, they remain in use for their original purpose.
The original almshouses were built from money left in the will of Nicholas Chamberlaine, a local vicar and benefactor following his death in 1715. By the 1830s the original buildings were in a poor state of repair, and in need of replacement.
The current buildings were built in 1840, designed by Thomas Larkins Walker in Tudor style at a cost of £8,500.
By the 1970s the almshouses were in a poor state of repair and threatened with demolition, however a local campaign saw the buildings become listed in 1974, and a restoration project was undertaken during the 1980s.
The almshouses remain in use for their original purpose. There are 28 dwellings of both single and double accommodation on the ground and first floors. Each flat contains central heating, a lounge, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom and is self contained, and there is a shared laundry room. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Nicholas Chamberlaine Almshouses are grade II* listed almshouses in the town centre of Bedworth, Warwickshire, England. Dating from 1840, they remain in use for their original purpose.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The original almshouses were built from money left in the will of Nicholas Chamberlaine, a local vicar and benefactor following his death in 1715. By the 1830s the original buildings were in a poor state of repair, and in need of replacement.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The current buildings were built in 1840, designed by Thomas Larkins Walker in Tudor style at a cost of £8,500.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "By the 1970s the almshouses were in a poor state of repair and threatened with demolition, however a local campaign saw the buildings become listed in 1974, and a restoration project was undertaken during the 1980s.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The almshouses remain in use for their original purpose. There are 28 dwellings of both single and double accommodation on the ground and first floors. Each flat contains central heating, a lounge, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom and is self contained, and there is a shared laundry room.",
"title": "Today"
}
] | The Nicholas Chamberlaine Almshouses are grade II* listed almshouses in the town centre of Bedworth, Warwickshire, England. Dating from 1840, they remain in use for their original purpose. | 2023-12-17T15:17:15Z | 2023-12-18T08:41:43Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Chamberlaine_Almshouses |
75,585,699 | Priory of Our Lady of Atlas | The Priory of Our Lady of Atlas (French: Notre-Dame de l'Atlas) is a monastery of Trappist monks in Midelt, Morocco. It is a continuation of the community of the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas after seven monks were killed there during the Algerian civil war.
This community of Trappist monks was initially founded in Fez in 1988 on request of the bishop of Rabat, Hubert Michon, after he had been inspired by the Trappist Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas in Algeria. They were given as home the former hotel "Bellevue Hotel" which had been built at the beginning of the 20th century and lay mostly in ruins. The community remained an annex to the Abbey in Algeria with only four monks and only after the killing of the monks of this abbey in 1996 and the joining of the two survivors, Fr. Amédée and Fr. Jean Pierre, was it transferred the status of a priory.
In 1999, the community decided to change location from the old hotel to a small convent in the town of Midelt, two hundred kilometres south of Fez, on invitations of Franciscan missionary sisters of Mary. The last survivor of the Thiberine monks, Fr. Jean Pierre, died in 2021. The film-makers of the movie "Of Gods and Men" (which is based on the murder of the monks of the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas) visited the monastery while filming the movie at the nearby abandoned monastery of Toumliline.
Whereas in 2006 there were only four monks, the community grew to six in 2018 including the current prior, Dom Jean-Pierre Flachaire.
The convent in Midelt was constructed by the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary as the Kasbah Miryam des Soeurs in 1926. It includes a small church, two chapels (dedicated to Charles de Foucauld and Fr. Albert Peyriguère) and living spaces for the monks as well as for up to twenty guests. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Priory of Our Lady of Atlas (French: Notre-Dame de l'Atlas) is a monastery of Trappist monks in Midelt, Morocco. It is a continuation of the community of the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas after seven monks were killed there during the Algerian civil war.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "This community of Trappist monks was initially founded in Fez in 1988 on request of the bishop of Rabat, Hubert Michon, after he had been inspired by the Trappist Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas in Algeria. They were given as home the former hotel \"Bellevue Hotel\" which had been built at the beginning of the 20th century and lay mostly in ruins. The community remained an annex to the Abbey in Algeria with only four monks and only after the killing of the monks of this abbey in 1996 and the joining of the two survivors, Fr. Amédée and Fr. Jean Pierre, was it transferred the status of a priory.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1999, the community decided to change location from the old hotel to a small convent in the town of Midelt, two hundred kilometres south of Fez, on invitations of Franciscan missionary sisters of Mary. The last survivor of the Thiberine monks, Fr. Jean Pierre, died in 2021. The film-makers of the movie \"Of Gods and Men\" (which is based on the murder of the monks of the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas) visited the monastery while filming the movie at the nearby abandoned monastery of Toumliline.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Whereas in 2006 there were only four monks, the community grew to six in 2018 including the current prior, Dom Jean-Pierre Flachaire.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The convent in Midelt was constructed by the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary as the Kasbah Miryam des Soeurs in 1926. It includes a small church, two chapels (dedicated to Charles de Foucauld and Fr. Albert Peyriguère) and living spaces for the monks as well as for up to twenty guests.",
"title": "Building"
}
] | The Priory of Our Lady of Atlas is a monastery of Trappist monks in Midelt, Morocco. It is a continuation of the community of the Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas after seven monks were killed there during the Algerian civil war. | 2023-12-17T15:17:58Z | 2023-12-19T04:38:06Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox monastery",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite journal",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priory_of_Our_Lady_of_Atlas |
75,585,708 | December 2023 Libya migrant boat disaster | On 16 December 2023, a Libya-bound ship carrying about 86 migrants capsized off the coast of Libya, leaving more than 60 people, including women and children, dead. The migrants are believed to have died because of high waves that swamped their vessel after it left from Zuwarah, on Libya's north-west coast. The departure time of the boat is unknown but is presumed to be on the night of December 13–14.
According to the IOM's Missing Migrants Project, at least 940 migrants were reported dead and 1,248 were missing off Libya between January 1 and November 18. The project, which tracks migration movements, said about 14,900 migrants, including over 1,000 women and more than 530 children, were intercepted and returned to Libya this year. In 2022, the project reported 529 dead and 848 missing off Libya. More than 24,600 were intercepted and returned to Libya.
The Central Mediterranean is among the region's most-traveled migratory routes, with most boats departing from Northern Africa and journeying to Europe, according to Frontex, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. Flavio Di Giacomo, an IOM spokesperson, wrote on X that more than 2,250 people had died so far this year on the central Mediterranean migration route, a “dramatic figure that demonstrates that unfortunately, not enough is being done to save lives at sea.”.
It included women and children who were from Nigeria, the Gambia, and other African countries, the International Organization for Migration office said, adding that 25 people had been rescued and transferred to a Libyan detention center. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "On 16 December 2023, a Libya-bound ship carrying about 86 migrants capsized off the coast of Libya, leaving more than 60 people, including women and children, dead. The migrants are believed to have died because of high waves that swamped their vessel after it left from Zuwarah, on Libya's north-west coast. The departure time of the boat is unknown but is presumed to be on the night of December 13–14.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to the IOM's Missing Migrants Project, at least 940 migrants were reported dead and 1,248 were missing off Libya between January 1 and November 18. The project, which tracks migration movements, said about 14,900 migrants, including over 1,000 women and more than 530 children, were intercepted and returned to Libya this year. In 2022, the project reported 529 dead and 848 missing off Libya. More than 24,600 were intercepted and returned to Libya.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The Central Mediterranean is among the region's most-traveled migratory routes, with most boats departing from Northern Africa and journeying to Europe, according to Frontex, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. Flavio Di Giacomo, an IOM spokesperson, wrote on X that more than 2,250 people had died so far this year on the central Mediterranean migration route, a “dramatic figure that demonstrates that unfortunately, not enough is being done to save lives at sea.”.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "It included women and children who were from Nigeria, the Gambia, and other African countries, the International Organization for Migration office said, adding that 25 people had been rescued and transferred to a Libyan detention center.",
"title": "Background"
}
] | On 16 December 2023, a Libya-bound ship carrying about 86 migrants capsized off the coast of Libya, leaving more than 60 people, including women and children, dead. The migrants are believed to have died because of high waves that swamped their vessel after it left from Zuwarah, on Libya's north-west coast. The departure time of the boat is unknown but is presumed to be on the night of December 13–14. | 2023-12-17T15:20:21Z | 2023-12-19T12:16:48Z | [
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Use dmy dates",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_2023_Libya_migrant_boat_disaster |
75,585,753 | 2024 Saskatchewan Rush season | The Saskatchewan Rush are a lacrosse team based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan playing in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The 2024 season is the 18th in franchise history, 8th in Saskatchewan.
Reference:
Reference:
Reference: | [
{
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"text": "The Saskatchewan Rush are a lacrosse team based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan playing in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The 2024 season is the 18th in franchise history, 8th in Saskatchewan.",
"title": ""
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{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Reference:",
"title": "Current standings"
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"text": "Reference:",
"title": "Game log"
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{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Reference:",
"title": "Current roster"
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] | The Saskatchewan Rush are a lacrosse team based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan playing in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The 2024 season is the 18th in franchise history, 8th in Saskatchewan. | 2023-12-17T15:31:45Z | 2023-12-17T17:02:08Z | [
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"Template:NLLGameLog",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Saskatchewan_Rush_season |
75,585,773 | Murder Legendre | Murder Legendre is a fictional character and the antagonist of the 1932 black-and-white horror film White Zombie were he was portrayed by actor Bela Lugosi.
Murder Legendre was born in Haiti somewhere in the 1890s-1900s, at a young age he met and became the protege of Ledot, a witch doctor in the island who taught him all the skills of voodoo and witchcraft. After mastering them all, Murder used his voodoo powers to turn Ledot into a zombie which he succeeded with, he then turned many of his enemies into zombies including Marquee, Garcia and Von Gelder and made them all work as slaves in his sugar mill. For this, the executioner of Haiti at the time, Chauvin tried to execute Legendre but was transformed into a zombie by him as well, so was witch doctor Pierre who managed to escape Legendre's wrath and live peacefully away from him. Murder also met Charles Beaumont, owner of a plantation and his servant Silver who was suspicious of Legendre, whilst Beaumont completely trusted him, telling him about his plan to get lovers Madeleine Short and Neil Parker married in Haiti, and then get Madeleine drugged and run away with her as Beaumont's bride, Legendre agreed to this, but said to Beaumont that he has to turn Madeleine into a zombie first which Beaumont thought about. Legendre also found another enemy alongside Pierre with Dr. Bruner, a missionary preacher who wanted to end his control, slavery, and zombies.
In 1932, Legendre watches as a coach carrying Neil and Madeleine to Beaumont's plantation is passing through and stops by, whilst the coach driver asks Legendre where the plantation is, Murder peeks in the carriage and tries to hypnotize Madeleine and Neil, however the coach driver sees his zombies walk towards the coach and quickly drives the coach away as Legendre takes Madeleine's scarf for his ritual and then goes back to his sugar mill to continue his work.
Later, Charles Beaumont visits Legendre at his sugar mill to talk about his plans with Madeleine after the wedding, Legendre tells him to drug Madeleine by giving him a drug to do so, this will kill Madeleine, then Legendre will revive her and finally she'll be Beaumont's or a zombie, he says. Beaumont says that he is scared of a zombified Madeleine but Legendre informs him that this is what he wanted and tells him to agree with it which Beaumont does before going away from the base to his plantation carrying the drug.
The next night, at Neil and Madeleine's wedding at Beaumont's mansion, as Madeleine is poisoned by the drug, outside, Legendre, uses her scarf and a voodoo doll to put inside flames, his raven watching by. Inside, Madeleine gets a burning feeling in her body and dies. After her funeral, Legendre and his zombies dig up her body and take her to Legendre's castle seen closely by a drunken Neil. In the castle, as Legendre sees, Madeleine becomes a zombie, however is braindead and can only be hypnotized and controlled by him.
After turning Madeleine into a zombie, Legendre is asked by Beaumont to turn her back into a human being again as he doesn't like her zombified, brain-dead, and lifeless form, however he rejects it and instead keeps her as a zombie, making Charles even more depressed. After a few more days, Legendre puts a drug into Charles's drink and after a toast the second drink with Charles feeling the effects of the drug and getting poisoned by Legendre to turn into a zombie as the former happily watches, even revealing that he captured Silver and showing a drugged but human Beaumont, his zombies taking Silver away to turn into a zombie or kill him.
That night, Neil arrives drunk outside Legendre's castle and falls down in a stupor, Legendre sends zombified Madeleine to kill him and just as she is about to stab him, he is rescued by Dr. Bruner who knocks Madeleine out of the way and takes the knife away from her. Meanwhile, Legendre still thinks Neil is dead however he arrives soon and as Legendre watches, Neil tries to make Madeleine come back to human life again which causes Legendre to send all his other zombies and henchmen to attack and kill Neil. Neil then confronts Legendre before then facing off against the zombies, however, Dr. Bruner knocks out Legendre from behind, causing all of his zombies to lose his control and mindlessly fall to their deaths from the cliff. Seeing this, Legendre gets up again and tries to walk away from Neil, Madeleine and Bruner but is knocked down the cliff to his death by an almost zombified but still human Beaumont who also falls down the cliff to his death as well as Madeleine becomes human again and lovingly embraces Neil as Dr. Bruner watches.
According to author and adventurer William Seabrook in his 1929 novel The Magic Island, a voodoo priestess he met, Maman Celie, briefly inspired Legendre who also is a voodoo priest and witch doctor. In the first chapter of the book, Seabrook describes an innocent Haitian girl being sacrificed and in another, a group of zombies working at a sugar mill.
Film historian Gary Don Rhodes mentions in his book about White Zombie that Legendre's Haitian nationality, occupation as a voodoo doctor, and appearance link him closely to Satanism, especially Mephistopheles or Satan while for Dr. Bruner, it's Christ. Rhodes also mentions that when Beaumont allows Legendre to drug Madeleine, he literally sells his soul to the devil, especially when Legendre drugs him later on to turn him into a zombie as well. Legendre's sugar mill and castle are built and worked on by his mind-controlled zombies, showcasing the slavery also used to built Mephistopheles's castle, even it is said by Rhodes that Legendre himself prays to the devil with his zombie voodoo rituals.
Film historian Gary Don Rhodes wrote a book titled White Zombie: Anatomy of a Horror Film in 2001, which analysed all the characters and scenes from the movie including Legendre.
StarAce toys made a 1/6 inch toy model and figure of Murder Legendre based on Bela Lugosi's likeness, which comes equipped with his raven. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Murder Legendre is a fictional character and the antagonist of the 1932 black-and-white horror film White Zombie were he was portrayed by actor Bela Lugosi.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Murder Legendre was born in Haiti somewhere in the 1890s-1900s, at a young age he met and became the protege of Ledot, a witch doctor in the island who taught him all the skills of voodoo and witchcraft. After mastering them all, Murder used his voodoo powers to turn Ledot into a zombie which he succeeded with, he then turned many of his enemies into zombies including Marquee, Garcia and Von Gelder and made them all work as slaves in his sugar mill. For this, the executioner of Haiti at the time, Chauvin tried to execute Legendre but was transformed into a zombie by him as well, so was witch doctor Pierre who managed to escape Legendre's wrath and live peacefully away from him. Murder also met Charles Beaumont, owner of a plantation and his servant Silver who was suspicious of Legendre, whilst Beaumont completely trusted him, telling him about his plan to get lovers Madeleine Short and Neil Parker married in Haiti, and then get Madeleine drugged and run away with her as Beaumont's bride, Legendre agreed to this, but said to Beaumont that he has to turn Madeleine into a zombie first which Beaumont thought about. Legendre also found another enemy alongside Pierre with Dr. Bruner, a missionary preacher who wanted to end his control, slavery, and zombies.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1932, Legendre watches as a coach carrying Neil and Madeleine to Beaumont's plantation is passing through and stops by, whilst the coach driver asks Legendre where the plantation is, Murder peeks in the carriage and tries to hypnotize Madeleine and Neil, however the coach driver sees his zombies walk towards the coach and quickly drives the coach away as Legendre takes Madeleine's scarf for his ritual and then goes back to his sugar mill to continue his work.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Later, Charles Beaumont visits Legendre at his sugar mill to talk about his plans with Madeleine after the wedding, Legendre tells him to drug Madeleine by giving him a drug to do so, this will kill Madeleine, then Legendre will revive her and finally she'll be Beaumont's or a zombie, he says. Beaumont says that he is scared of a zombified Madeleine but Legendre informs him that this is what he wanted and tells him to agree with it which Beaumont does before going away from the base to his plantation carrying the drug.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The next night, at Neil and Madeleine's wedding at Beaumont's mansion, as Madeleine is poisoned by the drug, outside, Legendre, uses her scarf and a voodoo doll to put inside flames, his raven watching by. Inside, Madeleine gets a burning feeling in her body and dies. After her funeral, Legendre and his zombies dig up her body and take her to Legendre's castle seen closely by a drunken Neil. In the castle, as Legendre sees, Madeleine becomes a zombie, however is braindead and can only be hypnotized and controlled by him.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "After turning Madeleine into a zombie, Legendre is asked by Beaumont to turn her back into a human being again as he doesn't like her zombified, brain-dead, and lifeless form, however he rejects it and instead keeps her as a zombie, making Charles even more depressed. After a few more days, Legendre puts a drug into Charles's drink and after a toast the second drink with Charles feeling the effects of the drug and getting poisoned by Legendre to turn into a zombie as the former happily watches, even revealing that he captured Silver and showing a drugged but human Beaumont, his zombies taking Silver away to turn into a zombie or kill him.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "That night, Neil arrives drunk outside Legendre's castle and falls down in a stupor, Legendre sends zombified Madeleine to kill him and just as she is about to stab him, he is rescued by Dr. Bruner who knocks Madeleine out of the way and takes the knife away from her. Meanwhile, Legendre still thinks Neil is dead however he arrives soon and as Legendre watches, Neil tries to make Madeleine come back to human life again which causes Legendre to send all his other zombies and henchmen to attack and kill Neil. Neil then confronts Legendre before then facing off against the zombies, however, Dr. Bruner knocks out Legendre from behind, causing all of his zombies to lose his control and mindlessly fall to their deaths from the cliff. Seeing this, Legendre gets up again and tries to walk away from Neil, Madeleine and Bruner but is knocked down the cliff to his death by an almost zombified but still human Beaumont who also falls down the cliff to his death as well as Madeleine becomes human again and lovingly embraces Neil as Dr. Bruner watches.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "According to author and adventurer William Seabrook in his 1929 novel The Magic Island, a voodoo priestess he met, Maman Celie, briefly inspired Legendre who also is a voodoo priest and witch doctor. In the first chapter of the book, Seabrook describes an innocent Haitian girl being sacrificed and in another, a group of zombies working at a sugar mill.",
"title": "Inspiration"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Film historian Gary Don Rhodes mentions in his book about White Zombie that Legendre's Haitian nationality, occupation as a voodoo doctor, and appearance link him closely to Satanism, especially Mephistopheles or Satan while for Dr. Bruner, it's Christ. Rhodes also mentions that when Beaumont allows Legendre to drug Madeleine, he literally sells his soul to the devil, especially when Legendre drugs him later on to turn him into a zombie as well. Legendre's sugar mill and castle are built and worked on by his mind-controlled zombies, showcasing the slavery also used to built Mephistopheles's castle, even it is said by Rhodes that Legendre himself prays to the devil with his zombie voodoo rituals.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Film historian Gary Don Rhodes wrote a book titled White Zombie: Anatomy of a Horror Film in 2001, which analysed all the characters and scenes from the movie including Legendre.",
"title": "In popular culture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "StarAce toys made a 1/6 inch toy model and figure of Murder Legendre based on Bela Lugosi's likeness, which comes equipped with his raven.",
"title": "In popular culture"
}
] | Murder Legendre is a fictional character and the antagonist of the 1932 black-and-white horror film White Zombie were he was portrayed by actor Bela Lugosi. | 2023-12-17T15:35:49Z | 2023-12-27T12:23:26Z | [
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"Template:Clarification needed",
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"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_Legendre |
75,585,775 | Nymphaea conardii | Nymphaea conardii is a species of waterlily native to the region spanning from Southern Mexico to tropical South America.
Nymphaea conardii is an aquatic herb with ovoid, 4.5 cm wide rhizomes. The ovate-elliptical leaf blade is uniformly green, and it can reach up to 18 cm in length and 14 cm in width. The leaf venation is reticulate and dichotomous, with 9-15 primary veins. The leaf blade is attached to glabrous, max. 4 mm wide petioles with 2-4 primary and 4-6 secondary air canals.
The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The flowers have glabrous, non-brittle green peduncles with 5-6 primary, central air canals and 10-12 secondary, smaller, peripheral canals. The flowers have uniformly green, 3-6 cm long and 1-3 cm wide, oblong-ovate sepals with an slightly rounded or acute apex. The fruits are 1.5-1.7 cm long and 2.5-2.9 cm wide. The granulose, pilose, ellipsoid seeds have trichomes arranged in interrupted, longitudinal lines. The trichomes are 10–60 µm long.
The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 28.
It is stoloniferous, but only in a brief period in which the tubers resume growth. Proliferating pseudanthia are absent.
Autogamy is possible, as the stigma retains its female function in the second day, when the pollen is released, thus enabling self-fertilization. The seed dispersal is hydrochorous (i.e. water-dispersed) or ornithochorous (i.e. bird-dispersed).
It was first described by Wiersema in 1984.
The type specimen was collected on the 29th of August 1981 by J.H. Wiersema and A. Gonzalez from a pond within in the Sosa Municipality of Barinas, Venezuela.
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis. It is closely related to Nymphaea gardneriana, Nymphaea glandulifera, and Nymphaea jamesoniana.
The specific epithet conardii honours the botanist Henry Shoemaker Conard (1874 - 1971).
Nymphaea conardii is considered to be vulnerable (VU) in Cuba.
It inhabits flooded savannas, shallow lagoons, and Morichales associated with still water (i.e. wetlands characterized by the presence of the moriche palm Mauritia flexuosa) at elevations of 0-200 m above sea level. It is also found in ponds and temporary ditches.
It is pollinated by beetles. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nymphaea conardii is a species of waterlily native to the region spanning from Southern Mexico to tropical South America.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Nymphaea conardii is an aquatic herb with ovoid, 4.5 cm wide rhizomes. The ovate-elliptical leaf blade is uniformly green, and it can reach up to 18 cm in length and 14 cm in width. The leaf venation is reticulate and dichotomous, with 9-15 primary veins. The leaf blade is attached to glabrous, max. 4 mm wide petioles with 2-4 primary and 4-6 secondary air canals.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The flowers have glabrous, non-brittle green peduncles with 5-6 primary, central air canals and 10-12 secondary, smaller, peripheral canals. The flowers have uniformly green, 3-6 cm long and 1-3 cm wide, oblong-ovate sepals with an slightly rounded or acute apex. The fruits are 1.5-1.7 cm long and 2.5-2.9 cm wide. The granulose, pilose, ellipsoid seeds have trichomes arranged in interrupted, longitudinal lines. The trichomes are 10–60 µm long.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 28.",
"title": "Cytology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "It is stoloniferous, but only in a brief period in which the tubers resume growth. Proliferating pseudanthia are absent.",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Autogamy is possible, as the stigma retains its female function in the second day, when the pollen is released, thus enabling self-fertilization. The seed dispersal is hydrochorous (i.e. water-dispersed) or ornithochorous (i.e. bird-dispersed).",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "It was first described by Wiersema in 1984.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The type specimen was collected on the 29th of August 1981 by J.H. Wiersema and A. Gonzalez from a pond within in the Sosa Municipality of Barinas, Venezuela.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis. It is closely related to Nymphaea gardneriana, Nymphaea glandulifera, and Nymphaea jamesoniana.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The specific epithet conardii honours the botanist Henry Shoemaker Conard (1874 - 1971).",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Nymphaea conardii is considered to be vulnerable (VU) in Cuba.",
"title": "Conservation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "It inhabits flooded savannas, shallow lagoons, and Morichales associated with still water (i.e. wetlands characterized by the presence of the moriche palm Mauritia flexuosa) at elevations of 0-200 m above sea level. It is also found in ponds and temporary ditches.",
"title": "Ecology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "It is pollinated by beetles.",
"title": "Ecology"
}
] | Nymphaea conardii is a species of waterlily native to the region spanning from Southern Mexico to tropical South America. | 2023-12-17T15:35:59Z | 2023-12-17T15:35:59Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea_conardii |
75,585,778 | Ganger (album) | Ganger is the debut studio album by American rapper Veeze, released on June 27, 2023, through Navy Wavy and Warner Records. It follows his 2019 debut mixtape Navy Wavy and features collaborations with Lucki, Babyface Ray, Icewear Vezzo, Lil Yachty, and Lil Uzi Vert. The album received acclaim from critics, several of whom ranked it as one of the best albums of the year. It peaked at number 97 on the US Billboard 200.
Matthew Ritchie of Pitchfork wrote that Veeze "wield[s] vocal oddities and chuckle-inducing, stream-of-consciousness bars" and "oscillates between laid-back joints fit for an evening smoke session (the penultimate 'Tony Hawk' and dreamy 'Safe 2') and boisterous, percussive beats that could soundtrack a late-night car chase ('OverseasBaller')". Reviewing the album for HipHopDX, Yousef Srour noted that "at no point on Ganger [...] does he lend himself to any singular subgenre, theme, or era within Hip Hop", describing it as a "drug-induced coma of shit-talking, flexing, reflections on an assortment of lovers, and babbles of unusually mundane banter with Lil Uzi Vert". AllMusic's Fred Simpson felt that "Veeze's entire style seems to be centered around trying hard to sound unfazed, yet he does appear to be putting effort into his witty rhymes and clever pop culture references. His delivery on Ganger is even more mush-mouthed than it was before, but it fits the syrupy, not-quite-trap beats".
The deluxe edition adds the five additional tracks as the first five, moving the original 21 tracks from 6–26. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ganger is the debut studio album by American rapper Veeze, released on June 27, 2023, through Navy Wavy and Warner Records. It follows his 2019 debut mixtape Navy Wavy and features collaborations with Lucki, Babyface Ray, Icewear Vezzo, Lil Yachty, and Lil Uzi Vert. The album received acclaim from critics, several of whom ranked it as one of the best albums of the year. It peaked at number 97 on the US Billboard 200.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Matthew Ritchie of Pitchfork wrote that Veeze \"wield[s] vocal oddities and chuckle-inducing, stream-of-consciousness bars\" and \"oscillates between laid-back joints fit for an evening smoke session (the penultimate 'Tony Hawk' and dreamy 'Safe 2') and boisterous, percussive beats that could soundtrack a late-night car chase ('OverseasBaller')\". Reviewing the album for HipHopDX, Yousef Srour noted that \"at no point on Ganger [...] does he lend himself to any singular subgenre, theme, or era within Hip Hop\", describing it as a \"drug-induced coma of shit-talking, flexing, reflections on an assortment of lovers, and babbles of unusually mundane banter with Lil Uzi Vert\". AllMusic's Fred Simpson felt that \"Veeze's entire style seems to be centered around trying hard to sound unfazed, yet he does appear to be putting effort into his witty rhymes and clever pop culture references. His delivery on Ganger is even more mush-mouthed than it was before, but it fits the syrupy, not-quite-trap beats\".",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The deluxe edition adds the five additional tracks as the first five, moving the original 21 tracks from 6–26.",
"title": "Track listing"
}
] | Ganger is the debut studio album by American rapper Veeze, released on June 27, 2023, through Navy Wavy and Warner Records. It follows his 2019 debut mixtape Navy Wavy and features collaborations with Lucki, Babyface Ray, Icewear Vezzo, Lil Yachty, and Lil Uzi Vert. The album received acclaim from critics, several of whom ranked it as one of the best albums of the year. It peaked at number 97 on the US Billboard 200. | 2023-12-17T15:36:37Z | 2023-12-28T06:36:20Z | [
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75,585,805 | M. Singaravelar Maligai | M. Singaravelar Maaligai is a state government official building that houses Chennai district Collector's office, some state Government offices and Civil and Sessions courts, in Chennai of Tamil Nadu in India. The building was named after M. Singaravelar alias Malayapuram Singaravelu, who was a social reformer.
This building is located with the geographic coordinates of (13°05′45″N 80°17′33″E / 13.0959°N 80.2924°E / 13.0959; 80.2924), at an altitude of about 30.52 metres (100.1 ft) above the mean sea level .
The building is built with eight floors. The Chennai district Collectorate occupies the fourth floor. and in general, the building itself is called as Collectorate building. The Chennai district Collector meets the public every Monday on account of public grievances day. Aadhaar Permanent Enrollment Center and the office for Chief Minister's Medical Insurance Scheme are situated at the backside (ground floor) of this building. National Informatics Center has a branch here and in the District Administrative office.
The first floor is occupied by Civil and Additional Sessions Courts.
The second floor has the Office of the welfare of the District Adi Dravidiar, the office of the welfare of District Backward Class, TAHDCO and civil court.
The third floor is occupied by the Pay and Accounts Office (North).
The fourth floor has the Chennai District Collector Office, the office of the District Revenue Officer and a small meeting hall.
The fifth floor is occupied by the office of the District Revenue Officer, Stamp Office, the office of the District Public Relations Officer, the office of the P. A. to District Collector and the office of the District Informatics Center.
The sixth floor has the office of the District Social Security Scheme and the office of the issuance of the Tribal Permanent Caste Certificate.
The seventh floor is occupied by the Sub-treasury, Fort, Tondiarpet.
The eighth floor comprises the office of the District Deputy Superintendent for Stamps and an Assembly hall. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "M. Singaravelar Maaligai is a state government official building that houses Chennai district Collector's office, some state Government offices and Civil and Sessions courts, in Chennai of Tamil Nadu in India. The building was named after M. Singaravelar alias Malayapuram Singaravelu, who was a social reformer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "This building is located with the geographic coordinates of (13°05′45″N 80°17′33″E / 13.0959°N 80.2924°E / 13.0959; 80.2924), at an altitude of about 30.52 metres (100.1 ft) above the mean sea level .",
"title": "Location"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The building is built with eight floors. The Chennai district Collectorate occupies the fourth floor. and in general, the building itself is called as Collectorate building. The Chennai district Collector meets the public every Monday on account of public grievances day. Aadhaar Permanent Enrollment Center and the office for Chief Minister's Medical Insurance Scheme are situated at the backside (ground floor) of this building. National Informatics Center has a branch here and in the District Administrative office.",
"title": "Details"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The first floor is occupied by Civil and Additional Sessions Courts.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The second floor has the Office of the welfare of the District Adi Dravidiar, the office of the welfare of District Backward Class, TAHDCO and civil court.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The third floor is occupied by the Pay and Accounts Office (North).",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The fourth floor has the Chennai District Collector Office, the office of the District Revenue Officer and a small meeting hall.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The fifth floor is occupied by the office of the District Revenue Officer, Stamp Office, the office of the District Public Relations Officer, the office of the P. A. to District Collector and the office of the District Informatics Center.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The sixth floor has the office of the District Social Security Scheme and the office of the issuance of the Tribal Permanent Caste Certificate.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The seventh floor is occupied by the Sub-treasury, Fort, Tondiarpet.",
"title": "Offices"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The eighth floor comprises the office of the District Deputy Superintendent for Stamps and an Assembly hall.",
"title": "Offices"
}
] | M. Singaravelar Maaligai is a state government official building that houses Chennai district Collector's office, some state Government offices and Civil and Sessions courts, in Chennai of Tamil Nadu in India. The building was named after M. Singaravelar alias Malayapuram Singaravelu, who was a social reformer. | 2023-12-17T15:41:41Z | 2023-12-18T00:49:00Z | [
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75,585,817 | 2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi | The 2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi is the seventh edition of Liga 3 West Sulawesi organized by Asprov PSSI West Sulawesi.
This competition was attended by 10 clubs. The winner of this competition will advance to the national phase.
PS Sandeq is the defending champion after winning it in the 2021 season.
2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi was attended by 10 teams. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi is the seventh edition of Liga 3 West Sulawesi organized by Asprov PSSI West Sulawesi.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "This competition was attended by 10 clubs. The winner of this competition will advance to the national phase.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "PS Sandeq is the defending champion after winning it in the 2021 season.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi was attended by 10 teams.",
"title": "Teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "First round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "First round"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "First round"
}
] | The 2023 Liga 3 West Sulawesi is the seventh edition of Liga 3 West Sulawesi organized by Asprov PSSI West Sulawesi. This competition was attended by 10 clubs. The winner of this competition will advance to the national phase. PS Sandeq is the defending champion after winning it in the 2021 season. | 2023-12-17T15:44:32Z | 2023-12-31T11:24:29Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Liga_3_West_Sulawesi |
75,585,818 | Dungeons 4 | Dungeons 4 is a strategy simulation video game developed by Realmforge Studios and published by Kalypso Media. It was release on November 9, 2023, for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S. It is the sequel to Dungeons 3.
Dungeons 4 follows a similar formula to previous games, where the player will alternate between attempting to trap heroes in their dungeon, and warring against the overworld above.
Dungeons 4 received "generally favorable" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic, for the PC platform. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Dungeons 4 is a strategy simulation video game developed by Realmforge Studios and published by Kalypso Media. It was release on November 9, 2023, for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S. It is the sequel to Dungeons 3.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Dungeons 4 follows a similar formula to previous games, where the player will alternate between attempting to trap heroes in their dungeon, and warring against the overworld above.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Dungeons 4 received \"generally favorable\" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic, for the PC platform.",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Dungeons 4 is a strategy simulation video game developed by Realmforge Studios and published by Kalypso Media. It was release on November 9, 2023, for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S. It is the sequel to Dungeons 3. | 2023-12-17T15:44:47Z | 2023-12-31T13:51:49Z | [
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75,585,836 | Ten Women | Ten Women is an album by the American band Wire Train, released in 1987. The first single was "She Comes On". The band supported the album with an international tour.
Recorded in London, the album was produced by Tim Palmer. Guitarist Jeffrey Trott replaced Kurt Herr prior to the recording sessions. The Alarm's Dave Sharp played guitar on "Breakwater Days".
The Windsor Star praised the "piledriving, blues-rock sound," writing that "the group has tightened up the loose ends of its earlier efforts for a strong record." The Richmond Times-Dispatch called Ten Women "one of the best rock `n' roll albums of the year to date," writing that "Kevin Hunter is a passionate vocalist who avoids false sentimentality with his romantic lyrics." Trouser Press noted that, "while the crystalline pop production and Hunter's sandy voice give the record a familiar patina, the slower-paced songs are pretty but routine."
The Houston Chronicle said that "haunting vocals, crisp rock-steady rhythms and delicate guitar work power these cagey melodies." The Omaha World-Herald concluded that the "lack of pretentiousness would doom a lesser band to the bland heap, but it makes Wire Train all the more accessible and enjoyable."
AllMusic wrote that "the magic of the band's original sound, a sort of Neil Young-meets-the-Paisley Underground gloss on early-'80s jangle pop, is largely missing here." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ten Women is an album by the American band Wire Train, released in 1987. The first single was \"She Comes On\". The band supported the album with an international tour.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Recorded in London, the album was produced by Tim Palmer. Guitarist Jeffrey Trott replaced Kurt Herr prior to the recording sessions. The Alarm's Dave Sharp played guitar on \"Breakwater Days\".",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The Windsor Star praised the \"piledriving, blues-rock sound,\" writing that \"the group has tightened up the loose ends of its earlier efforts for a strong record.\" The Richmond Times-Dispatch called Ten Women \"one of the best rock `n' roll albums of the year to date,\" writing that \"Kevin Hunter is a passionate vocalist who avoids false sentimentality with his romantic lyrics.\" Trouser Press noted that, \"while the crystalline pop production and Hunter's sandy voice give the record a familiar patina, the slower-paced songs are pretty but routine.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The Houston Chronicle said that \"haunting vocals, crisp rock-steady rhythms and delicate guitar work power these cagey melodies.\" The Omaha World-Herald concluded that the \"lack of pretentiousness would doom a lesser band to the bland heap, but it makes Wire Train all the more accessible and enjoyable.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "AllMusic wrote that \"the magic of the band's original sound, a sort of Neil Young-meets-the-Paisley Underground gloss on early-'80s jangle pop, is largely missing here.\"",
"title": "Critical reception"
}
] | Ten Women is an album by the American band Wire Train, released in 1987. The first single was "She Comes On". The band supported the album with an international tour. | 2023-12-17T15:49:19Z | 2023-12-17T18:42:47Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Women |
75,585,906 | Red Hook Central School District | Red Hook Central School District is a school district in New York State.
Most of the district is in Dutchess County, where it includes most of the town of Red Hook and portions of the towns of Milan and Rhinebeck. The village of Tivoli is in the district boundary, and census-designated places (all of which are hamlets include: Bard College, Barrytown, Red Hook, and Upper Red Hook. The district extends into Germantown Town, Columbia County. Bard includes housing for faculty.
Janet Warden became the superintendent of the district in 2023.
Bond elections were held in 2022, with $21,920,000 for renovations of school buildings was approved on a 647-438 basis, while a $5,240,000 proposal for upgrades of other facilities was declined on a 647-431 basis. In 2023, the budget was approved by voters, who also approved purchases of three buses. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Red Hook Central School District is a school district in New York State.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Most of the district is in Dutchess County, where it includes most of the town of Red Hook and portions of the towns of Milan and Rhinebeck. The village of Tivoli is in the district boundary, and census-designated places (all of which are hamlets include: Bard College, Barrytown, Red Hook, and Upper Red Hook. The district extends into Germantown Town, Columbia County. Bard includes housing for faculty.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Janet Warden became the superintendent of the district in 2023.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Bond elections were held in 2022, with $21,920,000 for renovations of school buildings was approved on a 647-438 basis, while a $5,240,000 proposal for upgrades of other facilities was declined on a 647-431 basis. In 2023, the budget was approved by voters, who also approved purchases of three buses.",
"title": "History"
}
] | Red Hook Central School District is a school district in New York State. Most of the district is in Dutchess County, where it includes most of the town of Red Hook and portions of the towns of Milan and Rhinebeck. The village of Tivoli is in the district boundary, and census-designated places (all of which are hamlets include: Bard College, Barrytown, Red Hook, and Upper Red Hook. The district extends into Germantown Town, Columbia County. Bard includes housing for faculty. | 2023-12-17T16:02:31Z | 2023-12-20T03:07:39Z | [
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75,585,929 | Kingsman: The Red Diamond | Kingsman: The Red Diamond is a British spy-action comic book limited series written by Rob Williams and illustrated by Simon Fraser. Published by Image Comics, the series is a sequel to The Secret Service by Mark Millar and Dave Gibbons, the second comic series in the Kingsman franchise by Millar, Gibbons, and Matthew Vaughn. Set in the Millarworld, the series chronicles the continued missions of Agent Galahad of Kingsman (originally named Gary London of MI6 in the previous series, renamed Gary "Eggsy" Unwin in this installment after his cinematic counterpart), as he faces off against the terrorist group the Red Diamond along with South African Secret Service (SASS) agent Kwaito. The series, originally published between September 6, 2017 and February 7, 2018, was collected as a graphic novel on April 4, 2018, was followed by Big Game in 2023, and will be republished as an omnibus by Dark Horse Comics in 2024.
Working-class super-spy Eggsy follows in his deceased mentor's footsteps, but is still rough around the edges for a Kingsman agent. Following an interrupted date with Emma Watson and hot on the heels of a rescue mission to save Prince Phillip that culminated in Eggsy sucker punching the 95-year-old, leading to his suspension, he embarks on a mission to stop an international terror plot led by Red Diamond in a story that starts where James Bond draws the line, in Eggsy teaming up with South African Secret Service (SASS) agent Kwaito. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kingsman: The Red Diamond is a British spy-action comic book limited series written by Rob Williams and illustrated by Simon Fraser. Published by Image Comics, the series is a sequel to The Secret Service by Mark Millar and Dave Gibbons, the second comic series in the Kingsman franchise by Millar, Gibbons, and Matthew Vaughn. Set in the Millarworld, the series chronicles the continued missions of Agent Galahad of Kingsman (originally named Gary London of MI6 in the previous series, renamed Gary \"Eggsy\" Unwin in this installment after his cinematic counterpart), as he faces off against the terrorist group the Red Diamond along with South African Secret Service (SASS) agent Kwaito. The series, originally published between September 6, 2017 and February 7, 2018, was collected as a graphic novel on April 4, 2018, was followed by Big Game in 2023, and will be republished as an omnibus by Dark Horse Comics in 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Working-class super-spy Eggsy follows in his deceased mentor's footsteps, but is still rough around the edges for a Kingsman agent. Following an interrupted date with Emma Watson and hot on the heels of a rescue mission to save Prince Phillip that culminated in Eggsy sucker punching the 95-year-old, leading to his suspension, he embarks on a mission to stop an international terror plot led by Red Diamond in a story that starts where James Bond draws the line, in Eggsy teaming up with South African Secret Service (SASS) agent Kwaito.",
"title": "Premise"
}
] | Kingsman: The Red Diamond is a British spy-action comic book limited series written by Rob Williams and illustrated by Simon Fraser. Published by Image Comics, the series is a sequel to The Secret Service by Mark Millar and Dave Gibbons, the second comic series in the Kingsman franchise by Millar, Gibbons, and Matthew Vaughn. Set in the Millarworld, the series chronicles the continued missions of Agent Galahad of Kingsman, as he faces off against the terrorist group the Red Diamond along with South African Secret Service (SASS) agent Kwaito. The series, originally published between September 6, 2017 and February 7, 2018, was collected as a graphic novel on April 4, 2018, was followed by Big Game in 2023, and will be republished as an omnibus by Dark Horse Comics in 2024. | 2023-12-17T16:08:40Z | 2023-12-31T18:10:40Z | [
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75,585,984 | John J. Mershon | John J. Mershon (September 16, 1908 – July 6, 2004) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives.
Mershon was born in Siloam Springs, Arkansas. He attended Oklahoma Baptist University and George Washington University.
In 1958, Mershon was elected to the New Mexico House of Representatives, serving until 1982.
Mershon died in July 2004 in Alamogordo, New Mexico, at the age of 95.
Category:1908 births Category:2004 deaths Category:People from Siloam Springs, Arkansas Category:Democratic Party members of the New Mexico House of Representatives Category:20th-century American politicians Category:Oklahoma Baptist University alumni Category:George Washington University alumni | [
{
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"text": "John J. Mershon (September 16, 1908 – July 6, 2004) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Mershon was born in Siloam Springs, Arkansas. He attended Oklahoma Baptist University and George Washington University.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
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"text": "In 1958, Mershon was elected to the New Mexico House of Representatives, serving until 1982.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Mershon died in July 2004 in Alamogordo, New Mexico, at the age of 95.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Category:1908 births Category:2004 deaths Category:People from Siloam Springs, Arkansas Category:Democratic Party members of the New Mexico House of Representatives Category:20th-century American politicians Category:Oklahoma Baptist University alumni Category:George Washington University alumni",
"title": "References"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | John J. Mershon was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives. | 2023-12-17T16:17:11Z | 2023-12-17T19:27:21Z | [
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75,586,020 | Erwin S. Christman | Erwin Sachem Christman (January 14, 1885 – November 14, 1921) was an American palaeoartist, known for his sculptures of Cenozoic mammals, skeletal reconstructions, and his work on the famous 1912 skeletal mount of Tyrannosaurus rex.
Little is known of Christman's early life, aside from that he was born in Clinton, New Jersey on January 14, 1885. He studied at the Art Students League and the National Academy of Design, working under the supervision of palaeontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn.
His first published illustrations were a series of illustrations of the holotype of Tyrannosaurus rex, published in 1906. In 1912, he produced a scale-model diorama for a planned Tyrannosaurus mount; this early version was shelved for its complexity. Subsequently, he provided skull diagrams for Barnum Brown's 1916 paper describing the hadrosaur Prosaurolophus maximus, a suite of reconstructions of the sauropod Camarasaurus lentus for Osborn and Charles Craig Mook's 1921 monograph, and several illustrations and sculptures of brontothere heads. Christman died on November 14, 1921, in New York City. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Erwin Sachem Christman (January 14, 1885 – November 14, 1921) was an American palaeoartist, known for his sculptures of Cenozoic mammals, skeletal reconstructions, and his work on the famous 1912 skeletal mount of Tyrannosaurus rex.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Little is known of Christman's early life, aside from that he was born in Clinton, New Jersey on January 14, 1885. He studied at the Art Students League and the National Academy of Design, working under the supervision of palaeontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "His first published illustrations were a series of illustrations of the holotype of Tyrannosaurus rex, published in 1906. In 1912, he produced a scale-model diorama for a planned Tyrannosaurus mount; this early version was shelved for its complexity. Subsequently, he provided skull diagrams for Barnum Brown's 1916 paper describing the hadrosaur Prosaurolophus maximus, a suite of reconstructions of the sauropod Camarasaurus lentus for Osborn and Charles Craig Mook's 1921 monograph, and several illustrations and sculptures of brontothere heads. Christman died on November 14, 1921, in New York City.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Erwin Sachem Christman was an American palaeoartist, known for his sculptures of Cenozoic mammals, skeletal reconstructions, and his work on the famous 1912 skeletal mount of Tyrannosaurus rex. | 2023-12-17T16:23:19Z | 2023-12-26T16:29:23Z | [
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75,586,022 | Ekpili | Ekpili (also known as Ekpiri/ Egwu Ekpilior Akuko-na-egwu) is a style of folk genre of music which has its origins from the Igbo people in the Southeastern part of Nigeria. This style of Igbo folk music is characterized by the musical instrument known as "Ubo" a thumb piano which is also referred to as a thumb guitar in which the genre is most associated with. This style of music is also played with "Ichaka" (gourd rattle) and the clave. Ekpili music is also characterized by its lyrical content, which reflects the philosophical, social, and political views of the Igbo people.
The timeline for the origins of ekpili is uncertain but some researchers have traced this style of music to the 19th century. Though the origins are unclear it is unanimously believed that this style of folk music has its origins within the Anambra Basin. Although ekpili is most associated with "Ubo" (a thumb piano) the name of the folk genre is taken from an instrument called "ekpili". The instrument was introduced into the genre by the earlier musicians of the genre.
EgwuEkpili takes its name from ekpili, a rattle made of large pods of Uko tree, strung together on a rope about a foot long, which features as the main instrument in this kind of music common in Anambra divisions of Igboland, among the people of such towns as Achala, Aguleri, Awkuzu, Nando, Nteje, Oba, Ugbene, Ukwulu and Onitsha. According to legend, it is these people who received music from the song bird and took it to the rest of Igboland.
Further characteristics of ekpili include solo performance singing with a form of call and response chorus style which comes in at intervals. Ekpili is specific in the sense that the genre isn't crowded with so many instruments with the main focus being the vocals which narrates important messages for listeners. This style of Igbo folk genre is often described as "Akuko-na-egwu" (Story-in-music) in which the artist narrates a story in musical form with occasional instrumental interludes. Storytelling in the genre is often organized in a way in which an artist starts with the topic of the song and moves further into the story, goes back to the topic, and continues with the remainder of the story. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ekpili (also known as Ekpiri/ Egwu Ekpilior Akuko-na-egwu) is a style of folk genre of music which has its origins from the Igbo people in the Southeastern part of Nigeria. This style of Igbo folk music is characterized by the musical instrument known as \"Ubo\" a thumb piano which is also referred to as a thumb guitar in which the genre is most associated with. This style of music is also played with \"Ichaka\" (gourd rattle) and the clave. Ekpili music is also characterized by its lyrical content, which reflects the philosophical, social, and political views of the Igbo people.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The timeline for the origins of ekpili is uncertain but some researchers have traced this style of music to the 19th century. Though the origins are unclear it is unanimously believed that this style of folk music has its origins within the Anambra Basin. Although ekpili is most associated with \"Ubo\" (a thumb piano) the name of the folk genre is taken from an instrument called \"ekpili\". The instrument was introduced into the genre by the earlier musicians of the genre.",
"title": "History/Etymology and Characteristics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "EgwuEkpili takes its name from ekpili, a rattle made of large pods of Uko tree, strung together on a rope about a foot long, which features as the main instrument in this kind of music common in Anambra divisions of Igboland, among the people of such towns as Achala, Aguleri, Awkuzu, Nando, Nteje, Oba, Ugbene, Ukwulu and Onitsha. According to legend, it is these people who received music from the song bird and took it to the rest of Igboland.",
"title": "History/Etymology and Characteristics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Further characteristics of ekpili include solo performance singing with a form of call and response chorus style which comes in at intervals. Ekpili is specific in the sense that the genre isn't crowded with so many instruments with the main focus being the vocals which narrates important messages for listeners. This style of Igbo folk genre is often described as \"Akuko-na-egwu\" (Story-in-music) in which the artist narrates a story in musical form with occasional instrumental interludes. Storytelling in the genre is often organized in a way in which an artist starts with the topic of the song and moves further into the story, goes back to the topic, and continues with the remainder of the story.",
"title": "History/Etymology and Characteristics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Ekpili is a style of folk genre of music which has its origins from the Igbo people in the Southeastern part of Nigeria. This style of Igbo folk music is characterized by the musical instrument known as "Ubo" a thumb piano which is also referred to as a thumb guitar in which the genre is most associated with. This style of music is also played with "Ichaka" and the clave. Ekpili music is also characterized by its lyrical content, which reflects the philosophical, social, and political views of the Igbo people. | 2023-12-17T16:24:15Z | 2023-12-27T03:57:37Z | [
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75,586,034 | Luis Flores (table tennis) | Luis Rodrigo Bustamante Flores (born 30 October 1987) is a Chilean para table tennis player who competes in international table tennis competitions. He is a Parapan American Games champion and Pan American champion. He has also competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics where he lost in the round of 16.
Flores had a stroke aged 18 which led to him to use a wheelchair. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Luis Rodrigo Bustamante Flores (born 30 October 1987) is a Chilean para table tennis player who competes in international table tennis competitions. He is a Parapan American Games champion and Pan American champion. He has also competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics where he lost in the round of 16.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Flores had a stroke aged 18 which led to him to use a wheelchair.",
"title": ""
}
] | Luis Rodrigo Bustamante Flores is a Chilean para table tennis player who competes in international table tennis competitions. He is a Parapan American Games champion and Pan American champion. He has also competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics where he lost in the round of 16. Flores had a stroke aged 18 which led to him to use a wheelchair. | 2023-12-17T16:25:26Z | 2023-12-27T05:56:56Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Flores_(table_tennis) |
75,586,042 | All Saints Church, Shanghai | All Saints Church (Chinese: 诸圣堂; pinyin: Zhūshèng táng) is a Protestant Christian place of worship in Huangpu, Shanghai, China. Originally founded as an Anglican church in 1925, it joined general Protestant worship since 1958. It was closed during the Cultural Revolution, but was reopened in 1982. The only Neo-Romanesque church building in the city, it is listed as one of the Featured Historical Buildings of Shanghai.
In 1915, Cameron Farquhar McRae [zh], a missionary of the Episcopal Church, purchased a house in the Shanghai French Concession as his preaching station. In 1919, Bishop Frederick Graves purchased the land that the church currently occupies, and built the first church building. The current church building was planned by McRae and Wang Xiaokui (Chinese: 汪孝奎), and was completed and consecrated on Christmas day in 1925. It was under the administration of the Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui (the Anglican Church in China, abbr. CHSKH).
On 1 November 1927, Chen Yong'en was consecrated was consecrated as assistant bishop of Fukien at the church. On 9 June 1934, Shen Zigao was consecrated as bishop of Shensi at the church. Shen was the first Anglican diocesan bishop of Chinese origin. In 1949, the church had 633 baptised and 387 confirmed congregants. The pastors at the time were Wei Xiben (Chinese: 魏希本) and Peng Shengyong (Chinese: 彭聖傭).
During the People's Republic of China, Protestant churches in Shanghai started to practice non-denominational joint worship (Chinese: 联合礼拜) since 1958, and All Saints was designated as the joint worship location in Luwan District. The church was closed during the Cultural Revolution, and was reopened in 1982. About 3,400 people were baptised at the church from 1983 to 1994. Since 1985, a special worship service for individuals with blindness on the fourth Sunday of every month. By December 1998, the church had a congregation of 6,200 on record. The church was renovated in 2009 and in 2014.
The church was built in the Anglican high church style of the 17th century, and it is the only Neo-Romanesque church in Shanghai. It is in basilica form and is made of red bricks. There is a square tower at the north-west corner of the church.
The church faces west. At the front of the church, there is a narthex with three arched doorways separated by Corinthian columns. Above the narthex there is a rose window. The main sanctuary consists of a nave in the middle and two aisles on the sides, and the roof is supported by five timber frames. There are two smaller chapels at the ends of the transept. In 2009, ground stakes were added to improve the church's structural integrity, and paint was removed inside the sanctuary. In 2014, an Anglican-style church tabernacle was installed, and the pulpit is moved to the side of the choir according to Anglican customs. The 2014 improvements were focused on returning the church interior to the original state in 1925, using an early photograph found in 2011 as reference.
The church has an area of 1,326 square metres (14,270 sq ft). The main sanctuary has a capacity of 500 people, while the chapel and the church annex can host 1,000 people. It is listed as one of the Featured Historical Buildings of Shanghai. (Chinese: 优秀历史建筑). | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "All Saints Church (Chinese: 诸圣堂; pinyin: Zhūshèng táng) is a Protestant Christian place of worship in Huangpu, Shanghai, China. Originally founded as an Anglican church in 1925, it joined general Protestant worship since 1958. It was closed during the Cultural Revolution, but was reopened in 1982. The only Neo-Romanesque church building in the city, it is listed as one of the Featured Historical Buildings of Shanghai.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "In 1915, Cameron Farquhar McRae [zh], a missionary of the Episcopal Church, purchased a house in the Shanghai French Concession as his preaching station. In 1919, Bishop Frederick Graves purchased the land that the church currently occupies, and built the first church building. The current church building was planned by McRae and Wang Xiaokui (Chinese: 汪孝奎), and was completed and consecrated on Christmas day in 1925. It was under the administration of the Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui (the Anglican Church in China, abbr. CHSKH).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On 1 November 1927, Chen Yong'en was consecrated was consecrated as assistant bishop of Fukien at the church. On 9 June 1934, Shen Zigao was consecrated as bishop of Shensi at the church. Shen was the first Anglican diocesan bishop of Chinese origin. In 1949, the church had 633 baptised and 387 confirmed congregants. The pastors at the time were Wei Xiben (Chinese: 魏希本) and Peng Shengyong (Chinese: 彭聖傭).",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During the People's Republic of China, Protestant churches in Shanghai started to practice non-denominational joint worship (Chinese: 联合礼拜) since 1958, and All Saints was designated as the joint worship location in Luwan District. The church was closed during the Cultural Revolution, and was reopened in 1982. About 3,400 people were baptised at the church from 1983 to 1994. Since 1985, a special worship service for individuals with blindness on the fourth Sunday of every month. By December 1998, the church had a congregation of 6,200 on record. The church was renovated in 2009 and in 2014.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The church was built in the Anglican high church style of the 17th century, and it is the only Neo-Romanesque church in Shanghai. It is in basilica form and is made of red bricks. There is a square tower at the north-west corner of the church.",
"title": "Architecture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The church faces west. At the front of the church, there is a narthex with three arched doorways separated by Corinthian columns. Above the narthex there is a rose window. The main sanctuary consists of a nave in the middle and two aisles on the sides, and the roof is supported by five timber frames. There are two smaller chapels at the ends of the transept. In 2009, ground stakes were added to improve the church's structural integrity, and paint was removed inside the sanctuary. In 2014, an Anglican-style church tabernacle was installed, and the pulpit is moved to the side of the choir according to Anglican customs. The 2014 improvements were focused on returning the church interior to the original state in 1925, using an early photograph found in 2011 as reference.",
"title": "Architecture"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The church has an area of 1,326 square metres (14,270 sq ft). The main sanctuary has a capacity of 500 people, while the chapel and the church annex can host 1,000 people. It is listed as one of the Featured Historical Buildings of Shanghai. (Chinese: 优秀历史建筑).",
"title": "Architecture"
}
] | All Saints Church is a Protestant Christian place of worship in Huangpu, Shanghai, China. Originally founded as an Anglican church in 1925, it joined general Protestant worship since 1958. It was closed during the Cultural Revolution, but was reopened in 1982. The only Neo-Romanesque church building in the city, it is listed as one of the Featured Historical Buildings of Shanghai. | 2023-12-17T16:25:54Z | 2023-12-28T17:00:17Z | [
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75,586,062 | Chungdong First Methodist Church | Chungdong First Methodist Church (Korean: 정동제일교회; Hanja: 貞洞第一敎會) is a historic church in Jeong-dong, Jung District, Seoul, South Korea.
The church claims a number of historic firsts within Korea. It is the first Methodist church and one of the earliest Protestant churches, as its congregation (albeit in a different building) was founded on October 11, 1885. The church performed the first Methodist baptism on July 24, 1887, started the first Christian women's group in 1889, had the first pipe organ, and Western-style chapel. The church's first building was built in 1897, and is the oldest extant church in Korea, as well as the only one originally built during the 19th century.
The church was founded by American missionary Henry Appenzeller. In September 1887, he purchased a small hanok (traditional Korean house) to house the church, and deemed the building "Bethel Chapel". As the congregation grew, the church leadership decided to construct a larger building. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on September 9, 1895, with notable Korean leaders Soh Kwang-pom and Yun Chi-ho present. A dedication service was held for the new building on December 26, 1897, which they also dubbed "Bethel Chapel". The church was expanded in 1926, changing from a cruciform (cross-shaped) church to a rectangular building.
The architecture is a simplified American gothic style, with arched window frames. Bethel Chapel was made Historic Site of South Korea No. 277 in 1977.
It currently holds worship services in both Korean and English. It also maintains a Mangon Christian History Reference Room for historical materials. The church opened a history museum on November 12, 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Chungdong First Methodist Church (Korean: 정동제일교회; Hanja: 貞洞第一敎會) is a historic church in Jeong-dong, Jung District, Seoul, South Korea.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The church claims a number of historic firsts within Korea. It is the first Methodist church and one of the earliest Protestant churches, as its congregation (albeit in a different building) was founded on October 11, 1885. The church performed the first Methodist baptism on July 24, 1887, started the first Christian women's group in 1889, had the first pipe organ, and Western-style chapel. The church's first building was built in 1897, and is the oldest extant church in Korea, as well as the only one originally built during the 19th century.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The church was founded by American missionary Henry Appenzeller. In September 1887, he purchased a small hanok (traditional Korean house) to house the church, and deemed the building \"Bethel Chapel\". As the congregation grew, the church leadership decided to construct a larger building. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on September 9, 1895, with notable Korean leaders Soh Kwang-pom and Yun Chi-ho present. A dedication service was held for the new building on December 26, 1897, which they also dubbed \"Bethel Chapel\". The church was expanded in 1926, changing from a cruciform (cross-shaped) church to a rectangular building.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The architecture is a simplified American gothic style, with arched window frames. Bethel Chapel was made Historic Site of South Korea No. 277 in 1977.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "It currently holds worship services in both Korean and English. It also maintains a Mangon Christian History Reference Room for historical materials. The church opened a history museum on November 12, 2023.",
"title": ""
}
] | Chungdong First Methodist Church is a historic church in Jeong-dong, Jung District, Seoul, South Korea. The church claims a number of historic firsts within Korea. It is the first Methodist church and one of the earliest Protestant churches, as its congregation was founded on October 11, 1885. The church performed the first Methodist baptism on July 24, 1887, started the first Christian women's group in 1889, had the first pipe organ, and Western-style chapel. The church's first building was built in 1897, and is the oldest extant church in Korea, as well as the only one originally built during the 19th century. The church was founded by American missionary Henry Appenzeller. In September 1887, he purchased a small hanok to house the church, and deemed the building "Bethel Chapel". As the congregation grew, the church leadership decided to construct a larger building. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on September 9, 1895, with notable Korean leaders Soh Kwang-pom and Yun Chi-ho present. A dedication service was held for the new building on December 26, 1897, which they also dubbed "Bethel Chapel". The church was expanded in 1926, changing from a cruciform (cross-shaped) church to a rectangular building. The architecture is a simplified American gothic style, with arched window frames. Bethel Chapel was made Historic Site of South Korea No. 277 in 1977. It currently holds worship services in both Korean and English. It also maintains a Mangon Christian History Reference Room for historical materials. The church opened a history museum on November 12, 2023. | 2023-12-17T16:30:50Z | 2023-12-31T16:50:32Z | [
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75,586,064 | 2024 PWHL Boston season | The 2024 PWHL Boston season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Tsongas Center in Lowell, Massachusetts.
Notes
The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.
Bold/italics denotes franchise record. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 PWHL Boston season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Tsongas Center in Lowell, Massachusetts.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notes",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "Player statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Bold/italics denotes franchise record.",
"title": "Player statistics"
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] | The 2024 PWHL Boston season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Tsongas Center in Lowell, Massachusetts. | 2023-12-17T16:31:27Z | 2023-12-25T02:39:32Z | [
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75,586,081 | Maihar district | The Maihar district is one of the 55 districts in Madhya Pradesh, India. Maihar is the administrative headquarter of the Maihar district.
Formerly part of Satna district, the Maihar district was formed on 5 October 2023.
Maihar has 3 tehsils: Maihar, Amarpatan and Ramnagar. | [
{
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"text": "The Maihar district is one of the 55 districts in Madhya Pradesh, India. Maihar is the administrative headquarter of the Maihar district.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Formerly part of Satna district, the Maihar district was formed on 5 October 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Maihar has 3 tehsils: Maihar, Amarpatan and Ramnagar.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
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] | The Maihar district is one of the 55 districts in Madhya Pradesh, India. Maihar is the administrative headquarter of the Maihar district. Formerly part of Satna district, the Maihar district was formed on 5 October 2023. Maihar has 3 tehsils: Maihar, Amarpatan and Ramnagar. | 2023-12-17T16:34:49Z | 2023-12-23T16:42:23Z | [
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75,586,100 | Brundavana | Brundavana is an Indian Kannada language Drama television series that premiered from 23 October 2023 on Colors Kannada. It stars Varun Aradhya and Amulya Bharadwaj in their lead roles. This show is produced under the banner of Gagana Enterprises. | [
{
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"text": "Brundavana is an Indian Kannada language Drama television series that premiered from 23 October 2023 on Colors Kannada. It stars Varun Aradhya and Amulya Bharadwaj in their lead roles. This show is produced under the banner of Gagana Enterprises.",
"title": ""
}
] | Brundavana is an Indian Kannada language Drama television series that premiered from 23 October 2023 on Colors Kannada. It stars Varun Aradhya and Amulya Bharadwaj in their lead roles. This show is produced under the banner of Gagana Enterprises. | 2023-12-17T16:38:25Z | 2023-12-25T09:39:11Z | [
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75,586,104 | Waitaki Dam | The Waitaki Dam is one of eight hydroelectric power stations which form the Waitaki hydroelectric scheme on the Waitaki River in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand. The dam was the first of three to be built on the Waitaki River and was constructed without earthmoving machinery; over half a million cubic metres of material was excavated, almost entirely by pick-and-shovel. The Waitaki Dam's construction was followed by the development of Aviemore Dam and Benmore Dam, and importantly, every dam built in New Zealand since the Waitaki has benefited from lessons learned during its construction.
The Waitaki Dam is unique; its construction lead to the germination of one of the world's first social welfare systems. Built during the Great Depression, the Waitaki Dam attempted to soak up unemployment as part of the Government's make work scheme and saw the trial of medical welfare where an individual could build a satisfactory life without fear of the inability to cope with age or poverty.
Initial construction of the dam began in 1928 and was completed in 1934 with full power being delivered from two 15 MW generators on 1 January 1935. Three additional generators were added between 1940 and 1949 and a further two generators were added between 1952 and 1954. With seven generators each delivering 15 MW, the total generative output of the Waitaki Dam is 105 MW.
The first State-built power station in New Zealand was constructed at Lake Coleridge in 1915 – designed to supply Christchurch and any additional consumer demand within reach of the transmission system. Consumers quickly tapped into this low-cost energy and the year-on-year load increase for Coleridge was 15%; by the 1920s a new power source was needed.
The Waitaki River was selected as the most promising source of hydro-electric power, particularly for long-term needs – the New Zealand government having recognised the electricity generation potential of the Waitaki Valley as early as 1904. With Lakes Ōhau, Pukaki and Tekapo controlling 80% of the flow into the Waitaki River's headwaters, flooding was not expected to exceed 5380 cumecs, a low threat to the safety of any proposed dam. In its middle reaches, the Waitaki River flows through bedrock gorges of low-grade schists, meta-greywackes and greywackes of the Rakaia Terrane. These gorges offered good dam sites with relatively stable rock upon which to build. The Waitaki River was also sparsely populated in the early 1920s meaning that resettlement would be a very minor issue following inundation by the dam's reservoir.
Initial site investigations began in 1925 and would take over two and a half years before a final site was selected. The focus by 1927 was in the vicinity of Wharekuri/Roseneath (between Aviemore and Waitaki dams) which appeared to be most favourable. However, the presence of coal on the Otago side (south) of the Waitaki River was of concern to engineers who felt it may act as a leak point beneath any proposed dam. Subsequently, a site further downstream, near the confluence with the Awakino River, was investigated and found to be suitable. The Awakino site, 6 km (3.7 mi) above Kurow, had only 5 m (16 ft) of shingle to remove before solid basement was reached, reducing the overall volume of material to be excavated. The final site (Awakino) having been selected for the Waitaki Dam was announced by the Government in April 1928, with an overly ambitious target for completion by 1931. The investigations of the Roseneath site were not in vain either – Roseneath would later be adopted as the site of the Aviemore Dam.
Engineers calculated that the Awakino site, backed-up by several years of Waitaki River flow records, would support a station generative capacity of 75 MW, although initially only two 15 MW generators and turbines were ordered.
Early designs of the dam, in large part due to the infancy of hydroelectric engineering in New Zealand, had potentially serious flaws. In particular, there was no consideration of the pressure exerted by the hydrostatic head and impact of water entering cracks or joints in either the basement or the dam itself. The downstream slope of the dam was also considered too steep compared to European dams at a ratio of 3:2. Seepage troubles at the North Island's Arapuni Power Station in 1929 caused additional concerns and resulted in a Swedish hydroelectric engineer, Professor Per Hörnell [sv], being brought to New Zealand in 1930. While Professor Hörnell was specifically brought in to consult on remediation measures to be made at Arapuni, he also visited several other hydroelectric sites, including Waitaki. Despite most column inches at the time focussing on the exorbitant £4000 consultant's fee charged by Professor Hörnell, his comments on the Waitaki were that its cross section was too narrow and that measures should be incorporated to ensure adequate foundation drainage. Notwithstanding the Government's decision not to invest in a specific Waitaki Dam report from Professor Hörnell, several design modifications were made on the basis of his comments:
Despite these additions, Professor Hörnell was not completely satisfied and his last communication with the Minister of Public Works was to disclaim any responsibility for any future troubles that might occur. Nevertheless, his visit to Waitaki had the significant result of introducing New Zealand engineers to the problem of dealing with water under pressure within the actual structure of a dam.
Concern over the possibility of uplift forces on the base of the dam has persisted: further measures to alleviate this issue were introduced in the early 1960s when anchoring cables were drilled from the dam crest into the foundation rock, and again in 2016 when drainage holes were drilled in the foundation of the dam.
The Ahuriri, Ōhau, Pukaki and Tekapo rivers rise in glaciated catchments which feed the Waitaki River. These tributaries flow from the Mackenzie Basin into Lake Benmore before forming the Waitaki River. Several bedrock gorges, separated by small tectonic basins, lie beneath the string of artificial lakes (Benmore, Aviemore, Waitaki) occupying the middle reaches of the fault-controlled Waitaki Valley. Downstream of Kurow, the valley widens to a plain, with paired alluvial terraces on either side of a braided river channel. At the Waitaki Dam, the Waitaki River occupies a fault-angle depression between the greywacke of South Canterbury and the schist of North Otago. The valley fill comprises a sequence of Quaternary river and glacial outwash gravels that overlies Upper Tertiary sedimentary strata, which in turn overlies the Mesozoic basement.
Both basement and covering sediments have been affected by late Quaternary faulting, including reactivation of earlier Cretaceous fault systems. Geodetic results indicate that strain rates in the lower Canterbury region are low to very low, though strain increases considerably toward the west and proximity with the Alpine Fault. The Waitaki region, along with the rest of the south-eastern South Island, has had a low level of large earthquake occurrences in historic times, with one of the largest recorded earthquakes (M5.8) in the vicinity of the Waitaki Dam occurring near Oamaru in 1876. Paleoseismic studies on individual faults in the Waitaki area suggest that the recurrence interval of large earthquakes is on the order of thousands or tens-of-thousands of years. The primary fault associated with the Waitaki Dam is the Dryburgh Fault; this fault has been noted as having a considerably long recurrence interval of >62 000 years. While the impacts of regional faulting at the time of the dam's construction were not well understood, the Dryburgh Fault was recognized as an issue, particularly when excavating the Hörnell Gallery. Basement rock had been reduced to gouge across the fault zone which was remediated by excavating and successfully cementing the gouge zone deeper than the competent rock either side of the fault.
When the final Awakino site was selected for the dam, the Public Works Department engaged Roland Packwood as the District Engineer in charge of the dam's construction. Packwood's task was to get the power station operational as quickly as possible and involved the completion of the dam across the Waitaki River followed by installation, testing and commissioning of the electrical and mechanical equipment. Given an overly ambitious goal of an operational power station by 1931, it soon became obvious that such a rapid completion was unrealistic.
Packwood's first task was to extend a spur from the Kurow Branch railway line to the dam site – a simple 6 km (3.7 mi) extension which was approved and surveyed in August 1928, with Public Works Department traffic operating on the line by December 1928. With the railway and the existing gravel road from Kurow (SH83) providing equipment and material access, the project was able to start in earnest.
Before any major works at the Waitaki site were undertaken, a camp was required to accommodate up to 1000 workers in addition to their families (up to 2000 people in total). The harsh climate of the Waitaki Valley with its cold winters and strong winds, plus the long-term nature of the project, meant the Public Works Department opted for more permanent wooden accommodation in favour of their typical use of canvas tents. Senior staff were allocated houses built of concrete blocks which would become permanent staff quarters in the future, while junior staff and single men were accommodated in wooden houses and huts. In all, the Public Works Department were to construct approximately 350 houses and another 700 huts which were primarily located on two river terraces on the true right river bank (south or Otago-side of the river) immediately upstream of the dam. There were four separate living areas in the wider camp: the main camp occupied the upper terrace, 'Siberia' was located on the lower river terrace (so-named because it was exposed to the cold winds), 'Geddesville' was located downstream from the construction site, and 'Willows', located close to the Awakino bridge. In addition to accommodation, the camp included a YMCA hall, post office, small shops, tennis courts and a football ground.
At the dam's completion, the camp was dismantled apart from the permanent structures of Lake Waitaki village which were occupied by the permanent dam staff. When the Electricity Corporation of NZ (ECNZ) moved its staff out in the 1980s, the remaining concrete block houses, hostel and environs were threatened with demolition. However, pressure from the community resulted in a heritage covenant with Heritage New Zealand to protect the village as a historic area in 1995. After passing through several owners it went up for sale in 2015 but languished unsold for several years. Interest in purchasing Lake Waitaki village was rejuvenated in 2018, when global media outlets caught hold of the story that a village was up for sale.
Lake Waitaki village now serves as accommodation for vacation rentals.
Dam construction began with a trellis bridge being erected across the river and completed in December 1928. This enabled the construction of several cofferdams so that the foundations of the dam could be excavated and concrete subsequently poured. The construction of the first cofferdam was a narrow dam section in the centre of the river. This was followed by the cofferdam on the Canterbury (north) side of the river and restricted the Waitaki's flow by about half leading to half of the trellis bridge being swept away during a flood in early 1929. The trellis bridge was repaired allowing the construction of eleven temporary sluice gates to control river flow during construction of the remainder of the dam.
Excavation began near the Otago abutment for the powerhouse and intake section of the dam with overburden stripped and necessary blasting of rock. Blast-holes were hand-drilled using a gad (digging bar) and sledge hammer. Men did most of the overburden stripping and loading by hand-shovel, but used an Osgood dragline when the excavation was from deeper water. The lack of heavy earthmoving equipment during the dam's construction meant that pick, shovel and wheel barrow were commonly used, although trucks run on light railways around the dam site were used extensively.
Construction of the dam used concrete formed from river gravel aggregate. Concrete was poured into a series of blocks that varied in length, but averaged about 50 ft (15m). Construction continued at pace until 3 February 1931 when flooding caused considerable delays. The Depression forced a reduction in workforce which further hampered construction. Workers were reduced from 1230 in December 1930 to 1000 in early 1931 and further reduced to about 500 in June 1932. The Depression also reduced the demand for power making completion of the dam less critical, but this was reversed in 1933 when power demand began to increase once again. The Government re-engaged as many unemployed men as possible, increasing the workforce to 900 in early 1934; this number was steadily reduced from August 1934 as the dam's construction reached completion.
As the dam neared completion (the last of the dam's concrete blocks was poured in mid-June 1934), closure and concreting of the temporary sluice gates began in July 1934. The last sluice gates were not lowered until September 1934, although not without incident – the gates breaking their supporting beams as they were lowered. Despite the last three sluice gates not having stopped head pond water flowing past them completely, the dam continued to fill, finally overtopping the weir on 28 September 1934. The completed dam had been constructed with 175,850 m (6,210,000 cu ft) of concrete in the primary superstructure, plus an additional 38,225 m (1,349,900 cu ft) of concrete for the powerhouse.
Construction of the powerhouse had proceeded synchronously with the dam. The vast majority of the plant to be installed in the powerhouse was constructed overseas due to the lack of specialised manufacturing capability within New Zealand at the time. The installation of the first two turbines and generators (20,000 hp each) was completed by the end of 1933, and the wiring testing and commissioning in 1934.
The Waitaki dam was officially opened on the 27 October 1934 by the Governor-General Lord Bledisloe. In attendance with Lord Bledisloe was the Prime Minister, George Forbes, the Minister of Works and local MP, John Bitchener and Leader of the Opposition, Michael Joseph Savage. The opening extended to some 300 invited guests who were seated for lunch in the powerhouse – an easy accommodation given only two of the proposed five generators were installed at the time. The official 'switching on' of the power was not possible as testing had not proceeded to the point at which a turbine had been tested and commissioned. Instead, when the Governor-General threw the switch, lamps in the powerhouse were slowly lit using power from Coleridge. The turbines were tested and commissioned with full power being turned on 1 January 1935.
Finalisation work on the dam continued through to July 1935 with sealing of the temporary sluice gates and removal of most of the framework supporting the earlier construction of the dam. The final damaged sluice gates would not be finally sealed off until 18 September 1936 when the water levels were low enough to ensure the sluices could be completely blocked.
With the reservoir filled, the Waitaki dam has a hydrostatic head of 21 m (69 ft). The initial implementation of two turbines and generators limited the dam's operational output to 30 MW (15 MW per generator). In 1935 this was sufficient to supply half of the South Island's energy requirements. Three additional generators were added between 1940 and 1949 and a further two generators were added between 1952 and 1954. During the phase of work to add the final two generators, the powerhouse was extended from 109 m (358 ft) length to its present length of 152 m (499 ft) to accommodate the new generators. A new inlet and outlet channel were constructed at the same time.
With seven generators each delivering 15 MW, the total generative output of the Waitaki Dam is 105 MW.
Following the installation of the seventh and final generator in 1954, the Waitaki power station had seen no further major upgrades until 2013. Starting in April 2013, a four-year $40 million refurbishment of the Waitaki power station was undertaken by Meridian Energy. After almost eighty years of continuous operation, part of the refurbishment project saw the drilling of drainage holes in the foundation of the dam to relieve the hydrostatic pressure first raised as a concern by Professor Hörnell in 1930. The station's No. 3 generation unit was also recommissioned during this time: the generator's stator, the single largest component at 120-million tonnes, seized in 1998 and proved uneconomic to return to service at the time. Strengthening of the powerhouse building roof was also undertaken to ensure it could withstand a major earthquake.
Meridian Energy envisages a further phase of upgrades worth $90 million being required to replace four of the station's original generation units.
Worker safety during the construction of the Waitaki Dam was very limited. Nine men were reported to have died during the construction of the dam; three men died in accidents related to the use of heavily laden trucks on the dam's steeply-inclined sections of light railway, while another three drowned in the river. Accidents were extremely prevalent – in one year alone, 540 cases of injuries were reported, although the severity of these injuries is unknown. By way of comparison and considering a worker population of approximately 1000 at Waitaki, the incidence rate of all injury claims in New Zealand was 87 claims per 1000 full-time equivalent employees in 2022.
In Public Works Department camps large-enough to warrant it, a medical association with resident doctor and/or nurse would be supplied. At the start of the Waitaki Dam project, the camp numbers did not justify a resident nurse so the doctor's surgery at Kurow was used. On 1 November 1928, the Waitaki Hydro Medical Association was formed in agreement with Kurow's doctor to provide a general service to members of the Association and their families for a small subscription. The doctor for much of the project was Gervan McMillan, a young idealist who worked tirelessly for the Association and was to play an integral role in the development of the social welfare system trialled at Waitaki. McMillan, along with Arnold Nordmeyer, Kurow's Presbyterian Minister, and Andrew Davidson, the headmaster of Kurow School, all had to deal with problems stemming from the Depression. All three were deeply concerned with the problems of health, family, unemployment with its consequent poverty, and old age. Between them, they drafted a system where any individual could build a life without excessive fear of disaster or inability to cope with such problems that may occur during their lifetime.
When McMillan and Nordmeyer entered Parliament in 1935 as Cabinet Ministers, they brought with them their draft for a social security system. This was adopted as the basis for New Zealand's national social welfare scheme, which was implemented in 1939 by the Savage Government.
The construction of the Waitaki Power Station therefore played an important role in the origin of New Zealand's present Social Security system. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Waitaki Dam is one of eight hydroelectric power stations which form the Waitaki hydroelectric scheme on the Waitaki River in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand. The dam was the first of three to be built on the Waitaki River and was constructed without earthmoving machinery; over half a million cubic metres of material was excavated, almost entirely by pick-and-shovel. The Waitaki Dam's construction was followed by the development of Aviemore Dam and Benmore Dam, and importantly, every dam built in New Zealand since the Waitaki has benefited from lessons learned during its construction.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Waitaki Dam is unique; its construction lead to the germination of one of the world's first social welfare systems. Built during the Great Depression, the Waitaki Dam attempted to soak up unemployment as part of the Government's make work scheme and saw the trial of medical welfare where an individual could build a satisfactory life without fear of the inability to cope with age or poverty.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Initial construction of the dam began in 1928 and was completed in 1934 with full power being delivered from two 15 MW generators on 1 January 1935. Three additional generators were added between 1940 and 1949 and a further two generators were added between 1952 and 1954. With seven generators each delivering 15 MW, the total generative output of the Waitaki Dam is 105 MW.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The first State-built power station in New Zealand was constructed at Lake Coleridge in 1915 – designed to supply Christchurch and any additional consumer demand within reach of the transmission system. Consumers quickly tapped into this low-cost energy and the year-on-year load increase for Coleridge was 15%; by the 1920s a new power source was needed.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Waitaki River was selected as the most promising source of hydro-electric power, particularly for long-term needs – the New Zealand government having recognised the electricity generation potential of the Waitaki Valley as early as 1904. With Lakes Ōhau, Pukaki and Tekapo controlling 80% of the flow into the Waitaki River's headwaters, flooding was not expected to exceed 5380 cumecs, a low threat to the safety of any proposed dam. In its middle reaches, the Waitaki River flows through bedrock gorges of low-grade schists, meta-greywackes and greywackes of the Rakaia Terrane. These gorges offered good dam sites with relatively stable rock upon which to build. The Waitaki River was also sparsely populated in the early 1920s meaning that resettlement would be a very minor issue following inundation by the dam's reservoir.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Initial site investigations began in 1925 and would take over two and a half years before a final site was selected. The focus by 1927 was in the vicinity of Wharekuri/Roseneath (between Aviemore and Waitaki dams) which appeared to be most favourable. However, the presence of coal on the Otago side (south) of the Waitaki River was of concern to engineers who felt it may act as a leak point beneath any proposed dam. Subsequently, a site further downstream, near the confluence with the Awakino River, was investigated and found to be suitable. The Awakino site, 6 km (3.7 mi) above Kurow, had only 5 m (16 ft) of shingle to remove before solid basement was reached, reducing the overall volume of material to be excavated. The final site (Awakino) having been selected for the Waitaki Dam was announced by the Government in April 1928, with an overly ambitious target for completion by 1931. The investigations of the Roseneath site were not in vain either – Roseneath would later be adopted as the site of the Aviemore Dam.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Engineers calculated that the Awakino site, backed-up by several years of Waitaki River flow records, would support a station generative capacity of 75 MW, although initially only two 15 MW generators and turbines were ordered.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Early designs of the dam, in large part due to the infancy of hydroelectric engineering in New Zealand, had potentially serious flaws. In particular, there was no consideration of the pressure exerted by the hydrostatic head and impact of water entering cracks or joints in either the basement or the dam itself. The downstream slope of the dam was also considered too steep compared to European dams at a ratio of 3:2. Seepage troubles at the North Island's Arapuni Power Station in 1929 caused additional concerns and resulted in a Swedish hydroelectric engineer, Professor Per Hörnell [sv], being brought to New Zealand in 1930. While Professor Hörnell was specifically brought in to consult on remediation measures to be made at Arapuni, he also visited several other hydroelectric sites, including Waitaki. Despite most column inches at the time focussing on the exorbitant £4000 consultant's fee charged by Professor Hörnell, his comments on the Waitaki were that its cross section was too narrow and that measures should be incorporated to ensure adequate foundation drainage. Notwithstanding the Government's decision not to invest in a specific Waitaki Dam report from Professor Hörnell, several design modifications were made on the basis of his comments:",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Despite these additions, Professor Hörnell was not completely satisfied and his last communication with the Minister of Public Works was to disclaim any responsibility for any future troubles that might occur. Nevertheless, his visit to Waitaki had the significant result of introducing New Zealand engineers to the problem of dealing with water under pressure within the actual structure of a dam.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Concern over the possibility of uplift forces on the base of the dam has persisted: further measures to alleviate this issue were introduced in the early 1960s when anchoring cables were drilled from the dam crest into the foundation rock, and again in 2016 when drainage holes were drilled in the foundation of the dam.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The Ahuriri, Ōhau, Pukaki and Tekapo rivers rise in glaciated catchments which feed the Waitaki River. These tributaries flow from the Mackenzie Basin into Lake Benmore before forming the Waitaki River. Several bedrock gorges, separated by small tectonic basins, lie beneath the string of artificial lakes (Benmore, Aviemore, Waitaki) occupying the middle reaches of the fault-controlled Waitaki Valley. Downstream of Kurow, the valley widens to a plain, with paired alluvial terraces on either side of a braided river channel. At the Waitaki Dam, the Waitaki River occupies a fault-angle depression between the greywacke of South Canterbury and the schist of North Otago. The valley fill comprises a sequence of Quaternary river and glacial outwash gravels that overlies Upper Tertiary sedimentary strata, which in turn overlies the Mesozoic basement.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Both basement and covering sediments have been affected by late Quaternary faulting, including reactivation of earlier Cretaceous fault systems. Geodetic results indicate that strain rates in the lower Canterbury region are low to very low, though strain increases considerably toward the west and proximity with the Alpine Fault. The Waitaki region, along with the rest of the south-eastern South Island, has had a low level of large earthquake occurrences in historic times, with one of the largest recorded earthquakes (M5.8) in the vicinity of the Waitaki Dam occurring near Oamaru in 1876. Paleoseismic studies on individual faults in the Waitaki area suggest that the recurrence interval of large earthquakes is on the order of thousands or tens-of-thousands of years. The primary fault associated with the Waitaki Dam is the Dryburgh Fault; this fault has been noted as having a considerably long recurrence interval of >62 000 years. While the impacts of regional faulting at the time of the dam's construction were not well understood, the Dryburgh Fault was recognized as an issue, particularly when excavating the Hörnell Gallery. Basement rock had been reduced to gouge across the fault zone which was remediated by excavating and successfully cementing the gouge zone deeper than the competent rock either side of the fault.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "When the final Awakino site was selected for the dam, the Public Works Department engaged Roland Packwood as the District Engineer in charge of the dam's construction. Packwood's task was to get the power station operational as quickly as possible and involved the completion of the dam across the Waitaki River followed by installation, testing and commissioning of the electrical and mechanical equipment. Given an overly ambitious goal of an operational power station by 1931, it soon became obvious that such a rapid completion was unrealistic.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "Packwood's first task was to extend a spur from the Kurow Branch railway line to the dam site – a simple 6 km (3.7 mi) extension which was approved and surveyed in August 1928, with Public Works Department traffic operating on the line by December 1928. With the railway and the existing gravel road from Kurow (SH83) providing equipment and material access, the project was able to start in earnest.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "Before any major works at the Waitaki site were undertaken, a camp was required to accommodate up to 1000 workers in addition to their families (up to 2000 people in total). The harsh climate of the Waitaki Valley with its cold winters and strong winds, plus the long-term nature of the project, meant the Public Works Department opted for more permanent wooden accommodation in favour of their typical use of canvas tents. Senior staff were allocated houses built of concrete blocks which would become permanent staff quarters in the future, while junior staff and single men were accommodated in wooden houses and huts. In all, the Public Works Department were to construct approximately 350 houses and another 700 huts which were primarily located on two river terraces on the true right river bank (south or Otago-side of the river) immediately upstream of the dam. There were four separate living areas in the wider camp: the main camp occupied the upper terrace, 'Siberia' was located on the lower river terrace (so-named because it was exposed to the cold winds), 'Geddesville' was located downstream from the construction site, and 'Willows', located close to the Awakino bridge. In addition to accommodation, the camp included a YMCA hall, post office, small shops, tennis courts and a football ground.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "At the dam's completion, the camp was dismantled apart from the permanent structures of Lake Waitaki village which were occupied by the permanent dam staff. When the Electricity Corporation of NZ (ECNZ) moved its staff out in the 1980s, the remaining concrete block houses, hostel and environs were threatened with demolition. However, pressure from the community resulted in a heritage covenant with Heritage New Zealand to protect the village as a historic area in 1995. After passing through several owners it went up for sale in 2015 but languished unsold for several years. Interest in purchasing Lake Waitaki village was rejuvenated in 2018, when global media outlets caught hold of the story that a village was up for sale.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Lake Waitaki village now serves as accommodation for vacation rentals.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "Dam construction began with a trellis bridge being erected across the river and completed in December 1928. This enabled the construction of several cofferdams so that the foundations of the dam could be excavated and concrete subsequently poured. The construction of the first cofferdam was a narrow dam section in the centre of the river. This was followed by the cofferdam on the Canterbury (north) side of the river and restricted the Waitaki's flow by about half leading to half of the trellis bridge being swept away during a flood in early 1929. The trellis bridge was repaired allowing the construction of eleven temporary sluice gates to control river flow during construction of the remainder of the dam.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "Excavation began near the Otago abutment for the powerhouse and intake section of the dam with overburden stripped and necessary blasting of rock. Blast-holes were hand-drilled using a gad (digging bar) and sledge hammer. Men did most of the overburden stripping and loading by hand-shovel, but used an Osgood dragline when the excavation was from deeper water. The lack of heavy earthmoving equipment during the dam's construction meant that pick, shovel and wheel barrow were commonly used, although trucks run on light railways around the dam site were used extensively.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "Construction of the dam used concrete formed from river gravel aggregate. Concrete was poured into a series of blocks that varied in length, but averaged about 50 ft (15m). Construction continued at pace until 3 February 1931 when flooding caused considerable delays. The Depression forced a reduction in workforce which further hampered construction. Workers were reduced from 1230 in December 1930 to 1000 in early 1931 and further reduced to about 500 in June 1932. The Depression also reduced the demand for power making completion of the dam less critical, but this was reversed in 1933 when power demand began to increase once again. The Government re-engaged as many unemployed men as possible, increasing the workforce to 900 in early 1934; this number was steadily reduced from August 1934 as the dam's construction reached completion.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "As the dam neared completion (the last of the dam's concrete blocks was poured in mid-June 1934), closure and concreting of the temporary sluice gates began in July 1934. The last sluice gates were not lowered until September 1934, although not without incident – the gates breaking their supporting beams as they were lowered. Despite the last three sluice gates not having stopped head pond water flowing past them completely, the dam continued to fill, finally overtopping the weir on 28 September 1934. The completed dam had been constructed with 175,850 m (6,210,000 cu ft) of concrete in the primary superstructure, plus an additional 38,225 m (1,349,900 cu ft) of concrete for the powerhouse.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "Construction of the powerhouse had proceeded synchronously with the dam. The vast majority of the plant to be installed in the powerhouse was constructed overseas due to the lack of specialised manufacturing capability within New Zealand at the time. The installation of the first two turbines and generators (20,000 hp each) was completed by the end of 1933, and the wiring testing and commissioning in 1934.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "The Waitaki dam was officially opened on the 27 October 1934 by the Governor-General Lord Bledisloe. In attendance with Lord Bledisloe was the Prime Minister, George Forbes, the Minister of Works and local MP, John Bitchener and Leader of the Opposition, Michael Joseph Savage. The opening extended to some 300 invited guests who were seated for lunch in the powerhouse – an easy accommodation given only two of the proposed five generators were installed at the time. The official 'switching on' of the power was not possible as testing had not proceeded to the point at which a turbine had been tested and commissioned. Instead, when the Governor-General threw the switch, lamps in the powerhouse were slowly lit using power from Coleridge. The turbines were tested and commissioned with full power being turned on 1 January 1935.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "Finalisation work on the dam continued through to July 1935 with sealing of the temporary sluice gates and removal of most of the framework supporting the earlier construction of the dam. The final damaged sluice gates would not be finally sealed off until 18 September 1936 when the water levels were low enough to ensure the sluices could be completely blocked.",
"title": "Construction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "With the reservoir filled, the Waitaki dam has a hydrostatic head of 21 m (69 ft). The initial implementation of two turbines and generators limited the dam's operational output to 30 MW (15 MW per generator). In 1935 this was sufficient to supply half of the South Island's energy requirements. Three additional generators were added between 1940 and 1949 and a further two generators were added between 1952 and 1954. During the phase of work to add the final two generators, the powerhouse was extended from 109 m (358 ft) length to its present length of 152 m (499 ft) to accommodate the new generators. A new inlet and outlet channel were constructed at the same time.",
"title": "Operation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "With seven generators each delivering 15 MW, the total generative output of the Waitaki Dam is 105 MW.",
"title": "Operation"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 26,
"text": "Following the installation of the seventh and final generator in 1954, the Waitaki power station had seen no further major upgrades until 2013. Starting in April 2013, a four-year $40 million refurbishment of the Waitaki power station was undertaken by Meridian Energy. After almost eighty years of continuous operation, part of the refurbishment project saw the drilling of drainage holes in the foundation of the dam to relieve the hydrostatic pressure first raised as a concern by Professor Hörnell in 1930. The station's No. 3 generation unit was also recommissioned during this time: the generator's stator, the single largest component at 120-million tonnes, seized in 1998 and proved uneconomic to return to service at the time. Strengthening of the powerhouse building roof was also undertaken to ensure it could withstand a major earthquake.",
"title": "Upgrades"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 27,
"text": "Meridian Energy envisages a further phase of upgrades worth $90 million being required to replace four of the station's original generation units.",
"title": "Upgrades"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 28,
"text": "Worker safety during the construction of the Waitaki Dam was very limited. Nine men were reported to have died during the construction of the dam; three men died in accidents related to the use of heavily laden trucks on the dam's steeply-inclined sections of light railway, while another three drowned in the river. Accidents were extremely prevalent – in one year alone, 540 cases of injuries were reported, although the severity of these injuries is unknown. By way of comparison and considering a worker population of approximately 1000 at Waitaki, the incidence rate of all injury claims in New Zealand was 87 claims per 1000 full-time equivalent employees in 2022.",
"title": "Social security"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 29,
"text": "In Public Works Department camps large-enough to warrant it, a medical association with resident doctor and/or nurse would be supplied. At the start of the Waitaki Dam project, the camp numbers did not justify a resident nurse so the doctor's surgery at Kurow was used. On 1 November 1928, the Waitaki Hydro Medical Association was formed in agreement with Kurow's doctor to provide a general service to members of the Association and their families for a small subscription. The doctor for much of the project was Gervan McMillan, a young idealist who worked tirelessly for the Association and was to play an integral role in the development of the social welfare system trialled at Waitaki. McMillan, along with Arnold Nordmeyer, Kurow's Presbyterian Minister, and Andrew Davidson, the headmaster of Kurow School, all had to deal with problems stemming from the Depression. All three were deeply concerned with the problems of health, family, unemployment with its consequent poverty, and old age. Between them, they drafted a system where any individual could build a life without excessive fear of disaster or inability to cope with such problems that may occur during their lifetime.",
"title": "Social security"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 30,
"text": "When McMillan and Nordmeyer entered Parliament in 1935 as Cabinet Ministers, they brought with them their draft for a social security system. This was adopted as the basis for New Zealand's national social welfare scheme, which was implemented in 1939 by the Savage Government.",
"title": "Social security"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 31,
"text": "The construction of the Waitaki Power Station therefore played an important role in the origin of New Zealand's present Social Security system.",
"title": "Social security"
}
] | The Waitaki Dam is one of eight hydroelectric power stations which form the Waitaki hydroelectric scheme on the Waitaki River in the Canterbury Region of New Zealand. The dam was the first of three to be built on the Waitaki River and was constructed without earthmoving machinery; over half a million cubic metres of material was excavated, almost entirely by pick-and-shovel. The Waitaki Dam's construction was followed by the development of Aviemore Dam and Benmore Dam, and importantly, every dam built in New Zealand since the Waitaki has benefited from lessons learned during its construction. The Waitaki Dam is unique; its construction lead to the germination of one of the world's first social welfare systems. Built during the Great Depression, the Waitaki Dam attempted to soak up unemployment as part of the Government's make work scheme and saw the trial of medical welfare where an individual could build a satisfactory life without fear of the inability to cope with age or poverty. Initial construction of the dam began in 1928 and was completed in 1934 with full power being delivered from two 15 MW generators on 1 January 1935. Three additional generators were added between 1940 and 1949 and a further two generators were added between 1952 and 1954. With seven generators each delivering 15 MW, the total generative output of the Waitaki Dam is 105 MW. | 2023-12-17T16:39:37Z | 2023-12-25T06:50:14Z | [
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75,586,124 | Rikva Miriam | Rivka Miriam (Hebrew: רבקה מרים) (born February 10, 1952) is an Israeli poet.
Rivka Miriam Rochman was born in Jerusalem. Her father Leib Rochman, was a Yiddish poet. Rivka Miriam is named for her grandmother and aunt, both killed in the Holocaust. She began to write poetry at an early age.She lives in Jerusalem's German Colony.
She is the author of 17 books of poetry, five works of fiction and several children’s books.She published her first book of poetry at the age of 14.
Rivka Miriam won the 2019 Yehuda Amichai Poetry Prize for Life Achievement in Hebrew poetry. The judges wrote:
“Since the publication some 50 years ago of My Yellow Smock, Miriam’s poetry has been a challenging and constant presence in Hebrew poetry... Her poetic language is contemporary, concrete and refined, yet never showy.” | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Rivka Miriam (Hebrew: רבקה מרים) (born February 10, 1952) is an Israeli poet.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Rivka Miriam Rochman was born in Jerusalem. Her father Leib Rochman, was a Yiddish poet. Rivka Miriam is named for her grandmother and aunt, both killed in the Holocaust. She began to write poetry at an early age.She lives in Jerusalem's German Colony.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She is the author of 17 books of poetry, five works of fiction and several children’s books.She published her first book of poetry at the age of 14.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
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"text": "Rivka Miriam won the 2019 Yehuda Amichai Poetry Prize for Life Achievement in Hebrew poetry. The judges wrote:",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "“Since the publication some 50 years ago of My Yellow Smock, Miriam’s poetry has been a challenging and constant presence in Hebrew poetry... Her poetic language is contemporary, concrete and refined, yet never showy.”",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Rivka Miriam is an Israeli poet. | 2023-12-17T16:45:11Z | 2023-12-20T17:36:38Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikva_Miriam |
75,586,158 | 2023 U.S. Senate sex tape scandal | In December 2023, a video was released showing two men having sex in a United States Senate hearing room. One of the men shown in the video was alleged to be a legislative aide to Democratic Senator Ben Cardin of Maryland, who became nicknamed the "Senate twink" by online commentators. The day after the video was released, Cardin's office released a statement saying that the man in question was "no longer employed by the U.S. Senate".
On December 15, 2023, right-wing online news outlet The Daily Caller published a video and still images depicting two men engaging in anal sex in Room 216 of the Hart Senate Office Building. The video, which is eight seconds long, was filmed, presumably with a cell phone, from the perspective of the penetrative partner, who was over the receptive partner. The latter was "hunched over the dais behind which senators would typically sit when conducting official business and questioning witnesses", specifically in the seat of Senator Amy Klobuchar and Senator Chris Coons.
The video appears to have been shared within private groups for gay men involved in politics, before being leaked to The Daily Caller. Although the staffer's face was blurred in the video posted by The Daily Caller, the identity of the receptive partner was rumored online and said to be a staffer of Senator Ben Cardin. The man in question had previously published pornographic videos and images under a pseudonym on Twitter. It was later alleged that other staffers within Cardin's office – including his chief of staff – were aware of "seminude photographs" of the man on his public Instagram page. According to a Senior congressional official, no crime was committed if the sex acts are consensual regardless of the locale. However, Senator Cardin would not confirm the staffer's identity or if he had been fired.
Following the video's leak, the Senate staffer reported to have been a participant in the video posted a statement on his LinkedIn profile. He wrote, in part: "While some of my actions in the past have shown poor judgement, I love my job and would never disrespect my workplace. Any attempts to characterize my actions otherwise are fabricated, and I will be exploring what legal options are available." He did not directly address the allegation that he appeared in the video. The day after the video was published, Cardin's office said that the individual was no longer an employee, in a statement which described the situation as a "personnel matter" which would not be commented on further. Cardin later said he was "angry [and] disappointed" by the incident. On Twitter, many users were unconcerned with the notion that the incident displayed a lack of respect toward the Senate: a Jezebel article summarized the online sentiment as "the American people have all already been fucked in that room."
The United States Capitol Police were reported to be investigating the situation, prompting civil liberties advocate Jill Filipovic to ask, "Do we really need the cops getting involved with such a small matter, even if it may technically be on government property?"
In the days that followed the incident, reports of other incidents involving Congressional staffers engaging in sexual activities on Capitol grounds were revealed, including one from 2022 of two male staffers from the office of Republican Representative Dan Newhouse of Washington state. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "In December 2023, a video was released showing two men having sex in a United States Senate hearing room. One of the men shown in the video was alleged to be a legislative aide to Democratic Senator Ben Cardin of Maryland, who became nicknamed the \"Senate twink\" by online commentators. The day after the video was released, Cardin's office released a statement saying that the man in question was \"no longer employed by the U.S. Senate\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On December 15, 2023, right-wing online news outlet The Daily Caller published a video and still images depicting two men engaging in anal sex in Room 216 of the Hart Senate Office Building. The video, which is eight seconds long, was filmed, presumably with a cell phone, from the perspective of the penetrative partner, who was over the receptive partner. The latter was \"hunched over the dais behind which senators would typically sit when conducting official business and questioning witnesses\", specifically in the seat of Senator Amy Klobuchar and Senator Chris Coons.",
"title": "Incident"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The video appears to have been shared within private groups for gay men involved in politics, before being leaked to The Daily Caller. Although the staffer's face was blurred in the video posted by The Daily Caller, the identity of the receptive partner was rumored online and said to be a staffer of Senator Ben Cardin. The man in question had previously published pornographic videos and images under a pseudonym on Twitter. It was later alleged that other staffers within Cardin's office – including his chief of staff – were aware of \"seminude photographs\" of the man on his public Instagram page. According to a Senior congressional official, no crime was committed if the sex acts are consensual regardless of the locale. However, Senator Cardin would not confirm the staffer's identity or if he had been fired.",
"title": "Incident"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Following the video's leak, the Senate staffer reported to have been a participant in the video posted a statement on his LinkedIn profile. He wrote, in part: \"While some of my actions in the past have shown poor judgement, I love my job and would never disrespect my workplace. Any attempts to characterize my actions otherwise are fabricated, and I will be exploring what legal options are available.\" He did not directly address the allegation that he appeared in the video. The day after the video was published, Cardin's office said that the individual was no longer an employee, in a statement which described the situation as a \"personnel matter\" which would not be commented on further. Cardin later said he was \"angry [and] disappointed\" by the incident. On Twitter, many users were unconcerned with the notion that the incident displayed a lack of respect toward the Senate: a Jezebel article summarized the online sentiment as \"the American people have all already been fucked in that room.\"",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The United States Capitol Police were reported to be investigating the situation, prompting civil liberties advocate Jill Filipovic to ask, \"Do we really need the cops getting involved with such a small matter, even if it may technically be on government property?\"",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In the days that followed the incident, reports of other incidents involving Congressional staffers engaging in sexual activities on Capitol grounds were revealed, including one from 2022 of two male staffers from the office of Republican Representative Dan Newhouse of Washington state.",
"title": "Aftermath"
}
] | In December 2023, a video was released showing two men having sex in a United States Senate hearing room. One of the men shown in the video was alleged to be a legislative aide to Democratic Senator Ben Cardin of Maryland, who became nicknamed the "Senate twink" by online commentators. The day after the video was released, Cardin's office released a statement saying that the man in question was "no longer employed by the U.S. Senate". | 2023-12-17T16:48:30Z | 2023-12-31T10:43:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_U.S._Senate_sex_tape_scandal |
75,586,165 | Uwe Speidel | Uwe Speidel (born 27 March 1971) is a German football coach.
He spent most of his career as a conditioning coach or assistant manager, having two spells as interim manager of MSV Duisburg and FC Hansa Rostock in the 2. Bundesliga. At the start of his career, he worked at S.L. Benfica in Portugal and Xerez CD in Spain, under Germans Jupp Heynckes and Bernd Schuster respectively.
Born in Creglingen, Baden-Württemberg, Speidel began his career as a conditioning coach at SC Fortuna Köln and 1. FC Köln both in the city of Cologne. In July 2000 he moved to S.L. Benfica of the Portuguese Primeira Liga, managed by compatriot Jupp Heynckes; he signed a one-year deal to work at all levels of the club, especially the youth and B-team.
In 2001, Speidel moved across the border to work at Xerez CD in the Spanish Segunda División under German manager Bernd Schuster. Spanish newspaper ABC noted the strictness of Speidel's pre-season training sessions for the team in Germany, and that his limited Spanish vocabulary concentrated on the word "¡Más!" ("More!"). In October, he refused to work until his wage backlog was sorted. In 2003, after Schuster left Xerez, Speidel returned home to FC Schalke 04 to work under Heynckes.
Speidel was Heynckes's assistant at Borussia Mönchengladbach from 2005 to January 2007, being let go at a difficult time that saw Heynckes under police protection from fans. He was assistant manager at MSV Duisburg in the 2. Bundesliga and Bundesliga between 2008 and 2010; after the dismissal of Peter Neururer he was the interim manager on 1 November 2009 for a 3–0 win at TuS Koblenz in the second tier.
Speidel returned to conditioning coaching at FC Bayern Munich II and was assistant manager at FC Energie Cottbus and Arminia Bielefeld. In February 2017, incoming VfL Wolfsburg manager Andries Jonker named him and Freddie Ljungberg as assistants. All three were fired in September.
In 2021, Speidel returned to work at FC Hansa Rostock's academy. He was put in charge of the first team in the 2. Bundesliga on an interim basis, losing 3–0 at SC Paderborn on his debut on 15 December 2023. | [
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"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "Born in Creglingen, Baden-Württemberg, Speidel began his career as a conditioning coach at SC Fortuna Köln and 1. FC Köln both in the city of Cologne. In July 2000 he moved to S.L. Benfica of the Portuguese Primeira Liga, managed by compatriot Jupp Heynckes; he signed a one-year deal to work at all levels of the club, especially the youth and B-team.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2001, Speidel moved across the border to work at Xerez CD in the Spanish Segunda División under German manager Bernd Schuster. Spanish newspaper ABC noted the strictness of Speidel's pre-season training sessions for the team in Germany, and that his limited Spanish vocabulary concentrated on the word \"¡Más!\" (\"More!\"). In October, he refused to work until his wage backlog was sorted. In 2003, after Schuster left Xerez, Speidel returned home to FC Schalke 04 to work under Heynckes.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Speidel was Heynckes's assistant at Borussia Mönchengladbach from 2005 to January 2007, being let go at a difficult time that saw Heynckes under police protection from fans. He was assistant manager at MSV Duisburg in the 2. Bundesliga and Bundesliga between 2008 and 2010; after the dismissal of Peter Neururer he was the interim manager on 1 November 2009 for a 3–0 win at TuS Koblenz in the second tier.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Speidel returned to conditioning coaching at FC Bayern Munich II and was assistant manager at FC Energie Cottbus and Arminia Bielefeld. In February 2017, incoming VfL Wolfsburg manager Andries Jonker named him and Freddie Ljungberg as assistants. All three were fired in September.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In 2021, Speidel returned to work at FC Hansa Rostock's academy. He was put in charge of the first team in the 2. Bundesliga on an interim basis, losing 3–0 at SC Paderborn on his debut on 15 December 2023.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Uwe Speidel is a German football coach. He spent most of his career as a conditioning coach or assistant manager, having two spells as interim manager of MSV Duisburg and FC Hansa Rostock in the 2. Bundesliga. At the start of his career, he worked at S.L. Benfica in Portugal and Xerez CD in Spain, under Germans Jupp Heynckes and Bernd Schuster respectively. | 2023-12-17T16:49:36Z | 2023-12-19T17:24:55Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uwe_Speidel |
75,586,196 | Ragana (band) | Ragana is an American black metal duo from Olympia, Washington formed in 2011, currently based out of Oakland, California. The band identifies as a "queer antifascist black metal/doom duo".
Ragana formed in 2011 after the duo Maria and Nicole met each other at a grocery store in Olympia, Washington and bonded over the Olympia black metal band Wolves in the Throne Room. Maria originated from Tacoma, Washington while Nicole came from Southern California. The band is named after the Latvian and Lithuanian word for "witch".
The duo released their debut album All's Lost in 2012. Ragana's second album Unbecoming was released in the following year after both members moved to California. In 2015, Ragana released their third album Wash Away on the Portland-based record label An Out, which the band carefully chose because of the label's anarchist, queer, feminist and anti-racist ideology. The band rejected another label's offer to put out the album because the duo felt that the label did not take any strong political stances.
On November 9, 2016, the day following Donald Trump's victory in the presidential election, Ragana released "You Take Nothing", and proceeds went to Standing Rock Indian Reservation's Sacred Stone Camp. It became the title track to the band's fourth album, released in 2017 on An Out, which contained songs such as "Spare No Man" written about sexual harassment. In 2018, the band released a split album with Thou titled Let Our Names Be Forgotten. Ragana was slated to play an anti-fascist concert event in Brooklyn in January 2019 but canceled due to a member's illness. The band released the cassette-only EP We Know that the Heavens are Empty in 2019. As of 2019, Maria was studying philosophy while Nicole was studying public interest law in Virginia for immigration, housing and unemployment.
In 2022, Ragana opened for The Microphones on their West Coast dates and signed to record label The Flenser. Their fifth album Desolation's Flower was released in 2023, which was their first in six years. The band described the title track as "a hymn of gratitude for queer and trans ancestors." It received the "Best New Music" honor from Pitchfork and was named the third-best metal album of 2023 by Rolling Stone, who praised its "proudly queer, anti-fascist politics." The title track was listed as the 91st-best song of 2023 by Pitchfork. Following the album's release, Ragana was invited to perform at the 2024 Roadburn Festival in Tilburg, Netherlands, where the band will unveil a collaboration with labelmate Drowse titled The Ash From Mount Saint Helens.
Ragana's sound has been described as "blackened doom metal". Both members call the drums as their primary instrument and alternate vocals, guitar and songwriting. Maria believes her songwriting leans more simple and lyrics-based, while Nicole writes the more complex songs.
The band has cited artists such as Cat Power, Grouper, Mount Eerie and Battle of Mice as influences. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ragana is an American black metal duo from Olympia, Washington formed in 2011, currently based out of Oakland, California. The band identifies as a \"queer antifascist black metal/doom duo\".",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ragana formed in 2011 after the duo Maria and Nicole met each other at a grocery store in Olympia, Washington and bonded over the Olympia black metal band Wolves in the Throne Room. Maria originated from Tacoma, Washington while Nicole came from Southern California. The band is named after the Latvian and Lithuanian word for \"witch\".",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The duo released their debut album All's Lost in 2012. Ragana's second album Unbecoming was released in the following year after both members moved to California. In 2015, Ragana released their third album Wash Away on the Portland-based record label An Out, which the band carefully chose because of the label's anarchist, queer, feminist and anti-racist ideology. The band rejected another label's offer to put out the album because the duo felt that the label did not take any strong political stances.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "On November 9, 2016, the day following Donald Trump's victory in the presidential election, Ragana released \"You Take Nothing\", and proceeds went to Standing Rock Indian Reservation's Sacred Stone Camp. It became the title track to the band's fourth album, released in 2017 on An Out, which contained songs such as \"Spare No Man\" written about sexual harassment. In 2018, the band released a split album with Thou titled Let Our Names Be Forgotten. Ragana was slated to play an anti-fascist concert event in Brooklyn in January 2019 but canceled due to a member's illness. The band released the cassette-only EP We Know that the Heavens are Empty in 2019. As of 2019, Maria was studying philosophy while Nicole was studying public interest law in Virginia for immigration, housing and unemployment.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 2022, Ragana opened for The Microphones on their West Coast dates and signed to record label The Flenser. Their fifth album Desolation's Flower was released in 2023, which was their first in six years. The band described the title track as \"a hymn of gratitude for queer and trans ancestors.\" It received the \"Best New Music\" honor from Pitchfork and was named the third-best metal album of 2023 by Rolling Stone, who praised its \"proudly queer, anti-fascist politics.\" The title track was listed as the 91st-best song of 2023 by Pitchfork. Following the album's release, Ragana was invited to perform at the 2024 Roadburn Festival in Tilburg, Netherlands, where the band will unveil a collaboration with labelmate Drowse titled The Ash From Mount Saint Helens.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Ragana's sound has been described as \"blackened doom metal\". Both members call the drums as their primary instrument and alternate vocals, guitar and songwriting. Maria believes her songwriting leans more simple and lyrics-based, while Nicole writes the more complex songs.",
"title": "Musical style"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The band has cited artists such as Cat Power, Grouper, Mount Eerie and Battle of Mice as influences.",
"title": "Musical style"
}
] | Ragana is an American black metal duo from Olympia, Washington formed in 2011, currently based out of Oakland, California. The band identifies as a "queer antifascist black metal/doom duo". | 2023-12-17T16:54:33Z | 2023-12-23T22:00:59Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragana_(band) |
75,586,204 | Abdul Hamid Khorasani | Abdul Hamid Khorosani, known as Nasser Badri, is a Taliban military commander from Panjshir.
Khorosani led a Nahzat-e-Islami Muqawomat movement. Ministry of Interior Affairs put him on the wanted list for murder, extortion, hostage-taking, and drug smuggling, an accusation that he denied. On 9 January 2019, the police tried to arrest him by laying siege on his house and it failed. Afghan Security forces arrested Khorosani on 25 June 2019 in Kabul for attempting violence attack in a demonstration. Shortly after, he was released and expressed regret for his action. Afterward, he posted a video on YouTube and Twitter, saying:
I would die but not surrender to the Taliban's. Panjsher is my home and every Talib that steps here will die.
In 2021, Khorosani joined the Taliban and was appointed as the security chief for Panjshir Province. NRF He survived an assassination attempt on 29 January 2022. Afterward, he released a video that threatened NRF if they still carried out attacks. In February 2022, he led the Taliban operation against NRF by searching and occupying caves and mountaintops in Panjshir Valley. However, the Taliban fired Khorosani as security chief for Panjshir Province in March 2022 after releasing video that urged Hibatullah Akhundzada to dismiss Maulvi Qadratullah as Panjshir governor. He was replaced by Atiqullah Sediqi. He later worked at the Taliban's intelligence department in Kabul.
In March 2023, he was appointed as the chief of Ahmad Aba District. Later, he resigned from his job due to the disputes with the Taliban leadership. 2023 Afghanistan–Iran clash, in his Twitter, he warned Iran and threatened to capture Tehran. In June, he fell to coma due to an accident. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Abdul Hamid Khorosani, known as Nasser Badri, is a Taliban military commander from Panjshir.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Khorosani led a Nahzat-e-Islami Muqawomat movement. Ministry of Interior Affairs put him on the wanted list for murder, extortion, hostage-taking, and drug smuggling, an accusation that he denied. On 9 January 2019, the police tried to arrest him by laying siege on his house and it failed. Afghan Security forces arrested Khorosani on 25 June 2019 in Kabul for attempting violence attack in a demonstration. Shortly after, he was released and expressed regret for his action. Afterward, he posted a video on YouTube and Twitter, saying:",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "I would die but not surrender to the Taliban's. Panjsher is my home and every Talib that steps here will die.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 2021, Khorosani joined the Taliban and was appointed as the security chief for Panjshir Province. NRF He survived an assassination attempt on 29 January 2022. Afterward, he released a video that threatened NRF if they still carried out attacks. In February 2022, he led the Taliban operation against NRF by searching and occupying caves and mountaintops in Panjshir Valley. However, the Taliban fired Khorosani as security chief for Panjshir Province in March 2022 after releasing video that urged Hibatullah Akhundzada to dismiss Maulvi Qadratullah as Panjshir governor. He was replaced by Atiqullah Sediqi. He later worked at the Taliban's intelligence department in Kabul.",
"title": "Life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In March 2023, he was appointed as the chief of Ahmad Aba District. Later, he resigned from his job due to the disputes with the Taliban leadership. 2023 Afghanistan–Iran clash, in his Twitter, he warned Iran and threatened to capture Tehran. In June, he fell to coma due to an accident.",
"title": "Life"
}
] | Abdul Hamid Khorosani, known as Nasser Badri, is a Taliban military commander from Panjshir. | 2023-12-17T16:55:46Z | 2023-12-18T20:12:06Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khorasani |
75,586,207 | Conscription in Eritrea | Conscription in Eritrea requires every able bodied man and woman to serve, ostensibly, for 18 months. In this time, they receive six months of military training and the rest of their time is spent working on national reconstruction projects. This program allegedly aims to compensate for Eritrea's lack of capital and to reduce dependence on foreign aid. This is outlined in both the Constitution of Eritrea, as well as Proclamation 82 issued by the National Assembly in October 1995. However, the period of enlistment may be extended during times of national crisis, and in practice, the typical period of national service is considerably longer than the minimum. Since the 1990s, conscription has been effectively open-ended; this draft policy has been likened to "slavery" and has earned international condemnation.
According to a US State Department information sheet from October 2007, Eritrean national service consists of "approximately six months of military training, followed by a number of years in military or other government service." Besides national defense, conscripts also spend peacetime working on public construction projects. They get paid no more than $30 a month. There is no term limit for national service, having been made open-ended in 1998. Although the average term lasts about six years, there are cases of soldiers who reported being forced to serve for more than a decade. The large number of troops has also had some effect on the Eritrean economy.
Reportedly, many conscripts live in terrible conditions, and are essentially used for slave labor, subjected to severe physical punishments for trying to escape, and are at the mercy of their commanders. There is no right to conscientious objection to military service, and those who refuse the draft are imprisoned. Some Jehovah's Witness conscientious objectors have been in jail since 1994. Those requesting to leave have also been met with detainment, and sometimes torture. There were many cases of female conscripts being sexually abused. As a result, they suffer from morale problems, and some Eritreans even leave the country to dodge the draft. By 2017, the numbers of Eritreans fleeing the draft to other countries is reported to have reached the thousands.
Many Eritrean draft dodgers fled to Europe and Israel since the beginning of the European migrant crisis of 2015. The same year, a UN report documented extensive human rights abuses within the Eritrean Army, and stated:
Indeed, the indefinite duration of national service, its terrible conditions — including arbitrary detention, torture, sexual torture, forced labour, absence of leave and the ludicrous pay — and the implications it has for the possibility of any individual to found a family, conduct a family life and have favourable conditions of work make national service an institution where slavery-like practices are routine.
The Eritrean government under Isaias Afwerki claimed that the duration of national service was necessary due to the continued hostilities with, and illegal occupation of Eritrean territory by, Ethiopia. However, when the border conflict with Ethiopia was resolved in 2018, this policy did not change, and Eritrea did not respond to questions from Human Rights Watch when asked why this was the case.
Beginning in mid-2022, and escalating after mobilization in September that same year, Eritrea engaged in a mass conscription campaign for the Tigray War. Human Rights Watch reported that families of those who wished to avoid the draft became targets of collective punishment, with government authorities subjecting them to arbitrary detention and forced evictions from their homes. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Conscription in Eritrea requires every able bodied man and woman to serve, ostensibly, for 18 months. In this time, they receive six months of military training and the rest of their time is spent working on national reconstruction projects. This program allegedly aims to compensate for Eritrea's lack of capital and to reduce dependence on foreign aid. This is outlined in both the Constitution of Eritrea, as well as Proclamation 82 issued by the National Assembly in October 1995. However, the period of enlistment may be extended during times of national crisis, and in practice, the typical period of national service is considerably longer than the minimum. Since the 1990s, conscription has been effectively open-ended; this draft policy has been likened to \"slavery\" and has earned international condemnation.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "According to a US State Department information sheet from October 2007, Eritrean national service consists of \"approximately six months of military training, followed by a number of years in military or other government service.\" Besides national defense, conscripts also spend peacetime working on public construction projects. They get paid no more than $30 a month. There is no term limit for national service, having been made open-ended in 1998. Although the average term lasts about six years, there are cases of soldiers who reported being forced to serve for more than a decade. The large number of troops has also had some effect on the Eritrean economy.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Reportedly, many conscripts live in terrible conditions, and are essentially used for slave labor, subjected to severe physical punishments for trying to escape, and are at the mercy of their commanders. There is no right to conscientious objection to military service, and those who refuse the draft are imprisoned. Some Jehovah's Witness conscientious objectors have been in jail since 1994. Those requesting to leave have also been met with detainment, and sometimes torture. There were many cases of female conscripts being sexually abused. As a result, they suffer from morale problems, and some Eritreans even leave the country to dodge the draft. By 2017, the numbers of Eritreans fleeing the draft to other countries is reported to have reached the thousands.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Many Eritrean draft dodgers fled to Europe and Israel since the beginning of the European migrant crisis of 2015. The same year, a UN report documented extensive human rights abuses within the Eritrean Army, and stated:",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Indeed, the indefinite duration of national service, its terrible conditions — including arbitrary detention, torture, sexual torture, forced labour, absence of leave and the ludicrous pay — and the implications it has for the possibility of any individual to found a family, conduct a family life and have favourable conditions of work make national service an institution where slavery-like practices are routine.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The Eritrean government under Isaias Afwerki claimed that the duration of national service was necessary due to the continued hostilities with, and illegal occupation of Eritrean territory by, Ethiopia. However, when the border conflict with Ethiopia was resolved in 2018, this policy did not change, and Eritrea did not respond to questions from Human Rights Watch when asked why this was the case.",
"title": "Overview"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Beginning in mid-2022, and escalating after mobilization in September that same year, Eritrea engaged in a mass conscription campaign for the Tigray War. Human Rights Watch reported that families of those who wished to avoid the draft became targets of collective punishment, with government authorities subjecting them to arbitrary detention and forced evictions from their homes.",
"title": "Overview"
}
] | Conscription in Eritrea requires every able bodied man and woman to serve, ostensibly, for 18 months. In this time, they receive six months of military training and the rest of their time is spent working on national reconstruction projects. This program allegedly aims to compensate for Eritrea's lack of capital and to reduce dependence on foreign aid. This is outlined in both the Constitution of Eritrea, as well as Proclamation 82 issued by the National Assembly in October 1995. However, the period of enlistment may be extended during times of national crisis, and in practice, the typical period of national service is considerably longer than the minimum. Since the 1990s, conscription has been effectively open-ended; this draft policy has been likened to "slavery" and has earned international condemnation. | 2023-12-17T16:56:10Z | 2023-12-21T11:36:59Z | [
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75,586,216 | 2024 PWHL Montreal season | The 2024 PWHL Montreal season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Verdun Auditorium in Montreal.
Notes
The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.
Bold/italics denotes franchise record. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 PWHL Montreal season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Verdun Auditorium in Montreal.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notes",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "Player statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Bold/italics denotes franchise record.",
"title": "Player statistics"
}
] | The 2024 PWHL Montreal season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Verdun Auditorium in Montreal. | 2023-12-17T16:58:06Z | 2023-12-29T19:30:25Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_PWHL_Montreal_season |
75,586,218 | Step into My World | Step into My World may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Step into My World may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Step into My World may refer to: Step into My World (song), a 1997 song by Hurricane #1
Step into My World EP, a 1997 EP by Hurricane #1
Step into My World (album), a 2004 album by Hurricane #1 | 2023-12-17T16:58:35Z | 2023-12-17T17:00:45Z | [
"Template:Dab"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step_into_My_World |
75,586,232 | Gene R. Gravelle | Gene R. Gravelle is an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the Hillsborough 14th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
Gravelle was an insurance underwriter.
Gravelle served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1974 to 1976. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Gene R. Gravelle is an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the Hillsborough 14th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Gravelle was an insurance underwriter.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Gravelle served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1974 to 1976.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Gene R. Gravelle is an American politician. He served as a Democratic member for the Hillsborough 14th district of the New Hampshire House of Representatives. | 2023-12-17T17:00:37Z | 2023-12-29T06:22:34Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_R._Gravelle |
75,586,235 | Central Party Control Commission of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany | The Central Party Control Commission (German: Zentrale Parteikontrollkommission) (ZPKK) was a supreme disciplinary body created by the SED (Socialist Unity Party of Germany) on 16 September 1948, in the Soviet Occupation Zone. It operated under the SED Central Committee and had corresponding bodies at all levels of the party in the form of Bezirk (BPKK) and district Party Control Commissions (KPKK). These entities existed until the renaming of the SED in 1989.
This commission played a significant role in enforcing conformity and eliminating perceived opposition within the party ranks during its existence.
In the SED, as in other socialist parties in Eastern Bloc countries, the first purges were initiated by Stalinist cadres.
In the course of Stalinization of the SED, its Party Executive Committee (PV) decided in September 1948 to establish a Central Party Control Commission (ZPKK) following the Soviet model. The formal basis was a decision by the SED Party Executive Committee on 29 July 1948, titled "For the Organizational Consolidation of the Party and for its Purging of Hostile and Degenerate Elements." Party members whose attitudes or backgrounds did not align with the leadership had to appear before their respective ZPKK.
The Central Auditing Commission (German: Zentrale Revisionskommission) (ZRK) was created in 1950 to inspect the party finances analogous to the CPSU Central Auditing Commission, though due to its limited jurisdiction, its practical significance was minor compared to the ZPKK.
In July 1950, the III. Party Congress of the SED eliminated the equal representation between former Social Democrats and former Communists in central party functions. As a result, Otto Buchwitz, a former Social Democrat, had to step down from chairing the ZPPK in 1950.
Over the following years until around 1953, many long-standing members of the labor movement were purged, often through fabricated accusations. Charges included "Social Democratic tendencies", "Titoism", "Trotskyism", previous involvement in the KPDO, or simply having been a "Western emigrant" or having had any form of contact with the US diplomat Noel Field. Many of the proceedings resulted in forced self-criticisms, demotions, dismissals, and, in some cases, imprisonment.
During the Wende in late 1989, the SED renamed itself to SED-PDS and declared the "irrevocable break with Stalinism as a system" at an extraordinary party conference. The ZPKK, which had collectively resigned on 3 December 1989, was abolished and replaced by a Central Arbitration Commission (German: Zentrale Schiedskommission). The Central Arbitration Commission, chaired by Günther Wieland, a former prosecutor in the GDR's Public Prosecutor General's Office, continued the work of the late ZPKK, rehabilitating ZPKK victims and expelling SED elites, notably expelling all longtime full and candidate members of the SED Politburo on 20 und 21 January 1990 except for Werner Eberlein and Siegfried Lorenz.
The ZPKK had subordinate bodies: the Bezirk (or, until the administrative reform in 1952, the state-level party control commissions) and the district-level party control commissions of the SED. The SED also had so-called functional district organisations in large universities, ministries such as the Ministry for State Security and other institutions, and these also had party control commissions. The chairman of these were always part of the respective party leadership. These bodies were bound by the directives of the ZPKK and were obligated to report to it.
Initially, the ZPKK comprised nine full-time members and three volunteer candidate members. After the XI. Party Congress in April 1986, the ZPKK consisted of the chairman, eight full members, and six candidate members. The full and candidate members of the ZPKK were appointed throughout its existence by the elected PV and later the Central Committee of the SED.
The ZPKK was initially chaired in parity by former Social Democrat Otto Buchwitz and former Communist Hermann Matern. The III. Party Congress of the SED in July 1950 eliminated the parity between former Social Democrats and former Communists in central party functions. Former Social Democrats were pushed out of party functions and Buchwitz had to step down. Matern led the ZPKK alone until his death in January 1971. Erich Mückenberger succeeded him in June, serving until his retirement in November 1989, when Werner Eberlein was elected. Though in office for less than a month until the collective resignation of the Central Committee, the Central Party Control Commission made numerous crucial decisions in that time, among other things expelling Erich Honecker and Günter Mittag while rehabilitating Robert Havemann and Rudolf Herrnstadt.
The chairman of the ZPKK was a powerful figure in Party politics, and usually was a full member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED.
The chairman was assisted by a deputy chairman, notably Herta Geffke (1954–1958), particularly tasked with uncovering connections between German emigrants and Noel Field, Heinz Juch (1971–1986) and Werner Müller (1986–1989).
The ZPKK was responsible, among other things, for expelling individuals from the party and imposing various party penalties such as reprimands or severe reprimands. Its role was to oversee the "unity and purity" of the party. The ZPKK closely collaborated with governmental entities, including the Ministry for State Security, the Attorney General, the Central Commission for State Control (German: Zentrale Kommission für Staatliche Kontrolle) (ZKSK), and the Main Administration of the Volkspolizei (HVDP). Investigation outcomes had to be presented to the Secretariat of the SED Central Committee for decision-making.
It also had the authority to posthumously rehabilitate individuals, examples being Felix Halle, executed during Stalin's purges in 1937, and Robert Havemann, expelled from the Academy of Sciences of the GDR in 1966. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Central Party Control Commission (German: Zentrale Parteikontrollkommission) (ZPKK) was a supreme disciplinary body created by the SED (Socialist Unity Party of Germany) on 16 September 1948, in the Soviet Occupation Zone. It operated under the SED Central Committee and had corresponding bodies at all levels of the party in the form of Bezirk (BPKK) and district Party Control Commissions (KPKK). These entities existed until the renaming of the SED in 1989.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "This commission played a significant role in enforcing conformity and eliminating perceived opposition within the party ranks during its existence.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In the SED, as in other socialist parties in Eastern Bloc countries, the first purges were initiated by Stalinist cadres.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the course of Stalinization of the SED, its Party Executive Committee (PV) decided in September 1948 to establish a Central Party Control Commission (ZPKK) following the Soviet model. The formal basis was a decision by the SED Party Executive Committee on 29 July 1948, titled \"For the Organizational Consolidation of the Party and for its Purging of Hostile and Degenerate Elements.\" Party members whose attitudes or backgrounds did not align with the leadership had to appear before their respective ZPKK.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Central Auditing Commission (German: Zentrale Revisionskommission) (ZRK) was created in 1950 to inspect the party finances analogous to the CPSU Central Auditing Commission, though due to its limited jurisdiction, its practical significance was minor compared to the ZPKK.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In July 1950, the III. Party Congress of the SED eliminated the equal representation between former Social Democrats and former Communists in central party functions. As a result, Otto Buchwitz, a former Social Democrat, had to step down from chairing the ZPPK in 1950.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Over the following years until around 1953, many long-standing members of the labor movement were purged, often through fabricated accusations. Charges included \"Social Democratic tendencies\", \"Titoism\", \"Trotskyism\", previous involvement in the KPDO, or simply having been a \"Western emigrant\" or having had any form of contact with the US diplomat Noel Field. Many of the proceedings resulted in forced self-criticisms, demotions, dismissals, and, in some cases, imprisonment.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "During the Wende in late 1989, the SED renamed itself to SED-PDS and declared the \"irrevocable break with Stalinism as a system\" at an extraordinary party conference. The ZPKK, which had collectively resigned on 3 December 1989, was abolished and replaced by a Central Arbitration Commission (German: Zentrale Schiedskommission). The Central Arbitration Commission, chaired by Günther Wieland, a former prosecutor in the GDR's Public Prosecutor General's Office, continued the work of the late ZPKK, rehabilitating ZPKK victims and expelling SED elites, notably expelling all longtime full and candidate members of the SED Politburo on 20 und 21 January 1990 except for Werner Eberlein and Siegfried Lorenz.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The ZPKK had subordinate bodies: the Bezirk (or, until the administrative reform in 1952, the state-level party control commissions) and the district-level party control commissions of the SED. The SED also had so-called functional district organisations in large universities, ministries such as the Ministry for State Security and other institutions, and these also had party control commissions. The chairman of these were always part of the respective party leadership. These bodies were bound by the directives of the ZPKK and were obligated to report to it.",
"title": "Structure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Initially, the ZPKK comprised nine full-time members and three volunteer candidate members. After the XI. Party Congress in April 1986, the ZPKK consisted of the chairman, eight full members, and six candidate members. The full and candidate members of the ZPKK were appointed throughout its existence by the elected PV and later the Central Committee of the SED.",
"title": "Structure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The ZPKK was initially chaired in parity by former Social Democrat Otto Buchwitz and former Communist Hermann Matern. The III. Party Congress of the SED in July 1950 eliminated the parity between former Social Democrats and former Communists in central party functions. Former Social Democrats were pushed out of party functions and Buchwitz had to step down. Matern led the ZPKK alone until his death in January 1971. Erich Mückenberger succeeded him in June, serving until his retirement in November 1989, when Werner Eberlein was elected. Though in office for less than a month until the collective resignation of the Central Committee, the Central Party Control Commission made numerous crucial decisions in that time, among other things expelling Erich Honecker and Günter Mittag while rehabilitating Robert Havemann and Rudolf Herrnstadt.",
"title": "Structure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The chairman of the ZPKK was a powerful figure in Party politics, and usually was a full member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED.",
"title": "Structure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "The chairman was assisted by a deputy chairman, notably Herta Geffke (1954–1958), particularly tasked with uncovering connections between German emigrants and Noel Field, Heinz Juch (1971–1986) and Werner Müller (1986–1989).",
"title": "Structure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The ZPKK was responsible, among other things, for expelling individuals from the party and imposing various party penalties such as reprimands or severe reprimands. Its role was to oversee the \"unity and purity\" of the party. The ZPKK closely collaborated with governmental entities, including the Ministry for State Security, the Attorney General, the Central Commission for State Control (German: Zentrale Kommission für Staatliche Kontrolle) (ZKSK), and the Main Administration of the Volkspolizei (HVDP). Investigation outcomes had to be presented to the Secretariat of the SED Central Committee for decision-making.",
"title": "Mission"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "It also had the authority to posthumously rehabilitate individuals, examples being Felix Halle, executed during Stalin's purges in 1937, and Robert Havemann, expelled from the Academy of Sciences of the GDR in 1966.",
"title": "Mission"
}
] | The Central Party Control Commission (ZPKK) was a supreme disciplinary body created by the SED on 16 September 1948, in the Soviet Occupation Zone. It operated under the SED Central Committee and had corresponding bodies at all levels of the party in the form of Bezirk (BPKK) and district Party Control Commissions (KPKK). These entities existed until the renaming of the SED in 1989. This commission played a significant role in enforcing conformity and eliminating perceived opposition within the party ranks during its existence. | 2023-12-17T17:01:34Z | 2023-12-26T07:59:01Z | [
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Lang-de",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Party_Control_Commission_of_the_Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany |
75,586,263 | Stephen Barber | Stephen Barber may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Stephen Barber may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Stephen Barber may refer to: Stephen Barber, British political scientist
Stephen Barber (writer), British cultural studies academic
Stephen Barber (composer), American composer, arranger and musician | 2023-12-17T17:07:06Z | 2023-12-17T17:10:34Z | [
"Template:Hndis"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Barber |
75,586,268 | Zak Schwank | Zak Schwank is an American politician who has served as the Mayor of Temecula, California, since 2022, representing District 5 on the Temecula City Council. A political independent, he previously served as Mayor Pro Tempore from 2020 to 2022 and as a Community Services Commissioner from 2013 to 2018, where he served as chairperson from 2015 to 2018.
Zak Schwank first ventured into local politics when he partnered with various local bicycle shops and city agencies to coordinate the launch of the Temecula Bike Train, a community organization focused on expanding community access to cycling as a reliable, environmentally friendly, and physically healthy form of transportation, in 2011. Originally held at Paloma Elementary School, the organization soon grew to include programs at Barnett Elementary and Temecula Elementary. Schwank was appointed to the City of Temecula Community Services Commission for his community involvement in 2013 and served as chairperson from 2015 to 2018.
In 2018, he was elected to the Temecula City Council, representing District 5. He served as Mayor Pro Tempore under Mayors James "Stew" Steward and Matt Rahn from 2020 to 2022. He was re-elected in 2022 by the voters of District 5, and was chosen to serve as the Mayor of Temecula in 2022 in a unanimous City Council vote.
During his tenure as Mayor, Schwank has lobbied for and overseen the expansion of hiking trails, bike lanes, and pump tracks across the city. He has criticized anti-LGBTQ+ rhetoric made by fellow city council member Jessica Alexander, who made a series of homophobic remarks before walking out of a city council meeting ahead of the city's Pride proclamation by Mayor Schwank.
Schwank launched a YouTube series called "Just the Facts, Zak," in which he promoted tourism and various other activities in the city of Temecula. In February 2023, the City of Temecula received significant publicity after a Saturday Night Live sketch featuring a character named "Lisa from Temecula," played by Ego Nwodim, went viral. Shortly thereafter, Mayor Schwank extended an invitation to attend Temecula's State of the city to Nwodim during an interview on NBC news, to which Nwodim laughingly accepted.
Schwank and his wife moved to Temecula in 2001, where they have raised 3 children together. Schwank enjoys biking, hiking, and spending time with his family. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Zak Schwank is an American politician who has served as the Mayor of Temecula, California, since 2022, representing District 5 on the Temecula City Council. A political independent, he previously served as Mayor Pro Tempore from 2020 to 2022 and as a Community Services Commissioner from 2013 to 2018, where he served as chairperson from 2015 to 2018.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zak Schwank first ventured into local politics when he partnered with various local bicycle shops and city agencies to coordinate the launch of the Temecula Bike Train, a community organization focused on expanding community access to cycling as a reliable, environmentally friendly, and physically healthy form of transportation, in 2011. Originally held at Paloma Elementary School, the organization soon grew to include programs at Barnett Elementary and Temecula Elementary. Schwank was appointed to the City of Temecula Community Services Commission for his community involvement in 2013 and served as chairperson from 2015 to 2018.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2018, he was elected to the Temecula City Council, representing District 5. He served as Mayor Pro Tempore under Mayors James \"Stew\" Steward and Matt Rahn from 2020 to 2022. He was re-elected in 2022 by the voters of District 5, and was chosen to serve as the Mayor of Temecula in 2022 in a unanimous City Council vote.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "During his tenure as Mayor, Schwank has lobbied for and overseen the expansion of hiking trails, bike lanes, and pump tracks across the city. He has criticized anti-LGBTQ+ rhetoric made by fellow city council member Jessica Alexander, who made a series of homophobic remarks before walking out of a city council meeting ahead of the city's Pride proclamation by Mayor Schwank.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Schwank launched a YouTube series called \"Just the Facts, Zak,\" in which he promoted tourism and various other activities in the city of Temecula. In February 2023, the City of Temecula received significant publicity after a Saturday Night Live sketch featuring a character named \"Lisa from Temecula,\" played by Ego Nwodim, went viral. Shortly thereafter, Mayor Schwank extended an invitation to attend Temecula's State of the city to Nwodim during an interview on NBC news, to which Nwodim laughingly accepted.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Schwank and his wife moved to Temecula in 2001, where they have raised 3 children together. Schwank enjoys biking, hiking, and spending time with his family.",
"title": "Personal life"
}
] | Zak Schwank is an American politician who has served as the Mayor of Temecula, California, since 2022, representing District 5 on the Temecula City Council. A political independent, he previously served as Mayor Pro Tempore from 2020 to 2022 and as a Community Services Commissioner from 2013 to 2018, where he served as chairperson from 2015 to 2018. | 2023-12-17T17:07:57Z | 2023-12-19T02:47:26Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zak_Schwank |
75,586,269 | Nymphaea francae | Nymphaea francae is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil.
Nymphaea francae is an aquatic herb. It has ovoid tubers, which are not stoloniferous. The floating leaves have 5-7.2 mm wide, greenish-brown, pubescent to glabrescent petioles with four primary central, and four secondary peripheral air canals. The leaf blade is ovate and has an entire, flat margin. It has actinodromous leaf venation.
The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. They have a pubescent to glabrescent, non-brittle, greenish-brown peduncle with six central primary and twelve secondary peripheral air canals. The petals are white.
Both stolons and proliferating pseudanthia are absent.
Neither fruits nor seeds have been observed.
It was first described by C.T.Lima and Ana Maria Giulietti in 2021.
The type specimen was collected by C.T. Lima and L. Lima in a lagoon on Bananal Island in the Tocantins, Brazil at a depth of 1−3 m. It is only known from the type material.
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis.
The specific epithet francae honours Prof. Dr. Flávio França of the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Brazil.
It occurs in aquatic habitats of the central Brazilian Savanna. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nymphaea francae is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Nymphaea francae is an aquatic herb. It has ovoid tubers, which are not stoloniferous. The floating leaves have 5-7.2 mm wide, greenish-brown, pubescent to glabrescent petioles with four primary central, and four secondary peripheral air canals. The leaf blade is ovate and has an entire, flat margin. It has actinodromous leaf venation.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. They have a pubescent to glabrescent, non-brittle, greenish-brown peduncle with six central primary and twelve secondary peripheral air canals. The petals are white.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Both stolons and proliferating pseudanthia are absent.",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Neither fruits nor seeds have been observed.",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "It was first described by C.T.Lima and Ana Maria Giulietti in 2021.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The type specimen was collected by C.T. Lima and L. Lima in a lagoon on Bananal Island in the Tocantins, Brazil at a depth of 1−3 m. It is only known from the type material.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The specific epithet francae honours Prof. Dr. Flávio França of the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Brazil.",
"title": "Etymology"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "It occurs in aquatic habitats of the central Brazilian Savanna.",
"title": "Ecology"
}
] | Nymphaea francae is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil. | 2023-12-17T17:08:14Z | 2023-12-17T20:30:11Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaea_francae |
75,586,296 | Why Don't You Dance? | Why Don't You Dance? is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Michael Downing and released in 2002. Adapted from Raymond Carver's short story of the same name, the film centres on a young couple (Kenneth Mitchell and Deborah Pollitt) shopping at a yard sale, where the proprietor (Bill McDonald) ultimately accepts a dance with the woman on the lawn as payment instead of money.
The film premiered at the 2002 Toronto International Film Festival.
It was subsequently screened at the Moving Pictures Festival of Dance on Film and Video, although Glenn Sumi of Now characterized its inclusion in that event as "a bit of a stretch" since it wasn't really a dance film per se.
It received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 24th Genie Awards in 2004. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Why Don't You Dance? is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Michael Downing and released in 2002. Adapted from Raymond Carver's short story of the same name, the film centres on a young couple (Kenneth Mitchell and Deborah Pollitt) shopping at a yard sale, where the proprietor (Bill McDonald) ultimately accepts a dance with the woman on the lawn as payment instead of money.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The film premiered at the 2002 Toronto International Film Festival.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "It was subsequently screened at the Moving Pictures Festival of Dance on Film and Video, although Glenn Sumi of Now characterized its inclusion in that event as \"a bit of a stretch\" since it wasn't really a dance film per se.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "It received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 24th Genie Awards in 2004.",
"title": ""
}
] | Why Don't You Dance? is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Michael Downing and released in 2002. Adapted from Raymond Carver's short story of the same name, the film centres on a young couple shopping at a yard sale, where the proprietor ultimately accepts a dance with the woman on the lawn as payment instead of money. The film premiered at the 2002 Toronto International Film Festival. It was subsequently screened at the Moving Pictures Festival of Dance on Film and Video, although Glenn Sumi of Now characterized its inclusion in that event as "a bit of a stretch" since it wasn't really a dance film per se. It received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 24th Genie Awards in 2004. | 2023-12-17T17:12:53Z | 2023-12-17T17:47:50Z | [
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"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox film",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_Don%27t_You_Dance%3F |
75,586,302 | Order of "Glory" (Armenia) | The Order of Victory, the 2010 State Award of the Republic of Armenia, was created and signed by the President of the Republic of Armenia on January 11, 2011. With the "Bord of Honor" law, which came into force on January 29 (the law expired on August 9, 2014). According to the Law of the Republic of Armenia "On State Awards and Honorary Titles of the Republic of Armenia", which came into force on the same day, August 9. As a result of changes in legislation, the status of the medal, the list of awardees and the order of wearing it remained unchanged.
The Order of Victory is awarded for significant contributions to the strengthening and development of interstate relations, peace and international security, the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, the development of economic relations, and the protection of moral and cultural values.
According to paragraph 16 of Article 55 of the Constitution of Armenia, the medal is awarded by the President of the Republic of Armenia. The President issues an order regarding the reward.
Foreign heads of state and government, heads of international organizations, spiritual leaders (religious figures) are awarded with this decoration.
According to the law adopted in 2011, there was no established procedure for awarding the Order of Glory.
As of August 9, 2014, the President will be able to award medals both on his personal initiative and in line with the petitions of the authorities regarding the award. Decree of the President of the Republic of Armenia dated September 16, 2014 No. NH-396-N "On Regulation of Relations with State Awards and Titles of Honor of the Republic of Armenia", the exclusive right of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia to apply for the Order of Glory of the Republic of Armenia.
The Medal of Honor is worn from right to left on a ribbon that extends from the right shoulder to the left hip.
Description and sample of the medal, sample of the certificate, description and sample of the medal plaque are approved by the President of the Republic of Armenia.
The definition of the Order of Honor of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2014 was determined by the decree dated September 16. The medal of honor is made of 925 sterling silver alloy with a diameter of 97 mm. It is a convex isosceles pentagon and all its rays are convex towards the center. The wings of the five-pointed star are covered with small pyramidal elements, and in the space between them there are ray-shaped figures. In the center of the medal is a circular platform covered with a tricolor coat of arms depicting the coat of arms of the Republic of Armenia. The edges of the coat of arms are surrounded by laurel leaves, and the area between the coat of arms and the laurel wreath is covered with white enamel. The medal is plated with 999 gold. The medal is numbered on the back. There is a special fastener in the middle of the back of the medal to attach it to the ribbon. The band is dark red, width: 110 mm. The bar of the medal is made of sheet metal measuring 25 mm x 10 mm. The rod is dark red, a rectangular base with an eight-pointed star is fixed in the center. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Order of Victory, the 2010 State Award of the Republic of Armenia, was created and signed by the President of the Republic of Armenia on January 11, 2011. With the \"Bord of Honor\" law, which came into force on January 29 (the law expired on August 9, 2014). According to the Law of the Republic of Armenia \"On State Awards and Honorary Titles of the Republic of Armenia\", which came into force on the same day, August 9. As a result of changes in legislation, the status of the medal, the list of awardees and the order of wearing it remained unchanged.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "The Order of Victory is awarded for significant contributions to the strengthening and development of interstate relations, peace and international security, the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, the development of economic relations, and the protection of moral and cultural values.",
"title": "Award status"
},
{
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"text": "According to paragraph 16 of Article 55 of the Constitution of Armenia, the medal is awarded by the President of the Republic of Armenia. The President issues an order regarding the reward.",
"title": "Award status"
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{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Foreign heads of state and government, heads of international organizations, spiritual leaders (religious figures) are awarded with this decoration.",
"title": "Determined reward method"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "According to the law adopted in 2011, there was no established procedure for awarding the Order of Glory.",
"title": "Determined reward method"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "As of August 9, 2014, the President will be able to award medals both on his personal initiative and in line with the petitions of the authorities regarding the award. Decree of the President of the Republic of Armenia dated September 16, 2014 No. NH-396-N \"On Regulation of Relations with State Awards and Titles of Honor of the Republic of Armenia\", the exclusive right of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia to apply for the Order of Glory of the Republic of Armenia.",
"title": "Determined reward method"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Medal of Honor is worn from right to left on a ribbon that extends from the right shoulder to the left hip.",
"title": "Dressing procedure"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Description and sample of the medal, sample of the certificate, description and sample of the medal plaque are approved by the President of the Republic of Armenia.",
"title": "Description of the medal"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The definition of the Order of Honor of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2014 was determined by the decree dated September 16. The medal of honor is made of 925 sterling silver alloy with a diameter of 97 mm. It is a convex isosceles pentagon and all its rays are convex towards the center. The wings of the five-pointed star are covered with small pyramidal elements, and in the space between them there are ray-shaped figures. In the center of the medal is a circular platform covered with a tricolor coat of arms depicting the coat of arms of the Republic of Armenia. The edges of the coat of arms are surrounded by laurel leaves, and the area between the coat of arms and the laurel wreath is covered with white enamel. The medal is plated with 999 gold. The medal is numbered on the back. There is a special fastener in the middle of the back of the medal to attach it to the ribbon. The band is dark red, width: 110 mm. The bar of the medal is made of sheet metal measuring 25 mm x 10 mm. The rod is dark red, a rectangular base with an eight-pointed star is fixed in the center.",
"title": "Description of the medal"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "",
"title": "Reward statistics"
}
] | The Order of Victory, the 2010 State Award of the Republic of Armenia, was created and signed by the President of the Republic of Armenia on January 11, 2011. With the "Bord of Honor" law, which came into force on January 29. According to the Law of the Republic of Armenia "On State Awards and Honorary Titles of the Republic of Armenia", which came into force on the same day, August 9. As a result of changes in legislation, the status of the medal, the list of awardees and the order of wearing it remained unchanged. | 2023-12-17T17:13:22Z | 2023-12-18T11:09:00Z | [
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_%22Glory%22_(Armenia) |
75,586,320 | 2018 (soundtrack) | 2018 is the soundtrack to the 2023 Malayalam-language survival drama film of the same name directed by Jude Anthany Joseph. The film is scored by Nobin Paul in his Malayalam debut, and featured four songs composed by Nobin, with one song "Minnal Minnane" was composed by William Francis. Joe Paul wrote lyrics for the songs. The soundtrack to the film was released by Think Music on 10 May 2023, five days after the film's release. The track "Minnal Minnane" was released as a single on 4 May.
After watching 777 Charlie, Joseph appreciated Nobin Paul for his work in the film and shared his intentions on a possible collaboration. When Nobin met him at the production of the film in Vaikom during May 2022, he thought of discussing on a collaboration in another film, but he was told to score music for this film. In November 2022, he was brought onboard as the film's composer. In order to be available for scoring the film, Paul had rejected five films from Kannada that came post the success of 777 Charlie.
Nobin felt that composing a disaster film had "immense scope" for a musician mostly through the background score as it elevates the drama and emotions onscreen. He overlayed the film's background score with the sounds of rain and thunder associated with it and did not want the music to be too low or loud and has to convey the drama onscreen. He described it as challenging but felt that the end result was "phenomenal" insisting the audience to watch it on theatres equipped with Dolby Atmos. Unlike 777 Charlie which had 10 songs, Paul had composed three numbers due to its limited scope and two of them were performed by his daughter Ezra. One song for the film was composed by William Francis.
While composing for the introductory sea sequence, sound designer Vishnu Govind assisted Nobin by sending the sound while the background music being composed so that it could be heard with the voice. And for the climax sequence, the helicopter uses a mix of sound and music during the rescue mission and was emphasized until the climatic moments.
The music was recorded during January 2023 and was completed within three months, which Nobin felt as the fastest ever he had worked; he composed 777 Charlie over five years. Nobin said "Since I had not worked on a subject like this before, it took me a couple of days to get into the zone, but once that happened, I was churning out stuff at break-neck speed." Nobin primarily used orchestral music for the film that was recorded live in Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore. Initially, Nobin wanted to recruit international musicians to work on the film but due to the insufficient time he had while composing, he worked on with local musicians for scoring the film. Some of the instrumentalists had also worked with Nobin on his previous film 777 Charlie.
All lyrics are written by Joe Paul
Allan Hunter of Screen International called it as a "stirring, bombastic score". Gopika Is of The Times of India and Nishad Thaivalappil of News18 praised the music being "well-suited and not too jarring" and "enhances the narrative and evoke a range of emotions". Anandu Suresh of The Indian Express stated that Nobin's music creates "a fantastic atmosphere that will evoke feelings of déjà vu".
Princy Alexander of Onmanorama said that Nobin's music "also does justice to the movie". Anna M. M. Vetticad of Firstpost was more critical of the music as she felt it being "overused to evoke melodrama and highlight emotion, and played at an excessive volume, when the film could have rested primarily on the shoulders of a sound designer effectively capturing the rain, the wind and all the other sounds of nature that you would expect in such a scenario." | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "2018 is the soundtrack to the 2023 Malayalam-language survival drama film of the same name directed by Jude Anthany Joseph. The film is scored by Nobin Paul in his Malayalam debut, and featured four songs composed by Nobin, with one song \"Minnal Minnane\" was composed by William Francis. Joe Paul wrote lyrics for the songs. The soundtrack to the film was released by Think Music on 10 May 2023, five days after the film's release. The track \"Minnal Minnane\" was released as a single on 4 May.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "After watching 777 Charlie, Joseph appreciated Nobin Paul for his work in the film and shared his intentions on a possible collaboration. When Nobin met him at the production of the film in Vaikom during May 2022, he thought of discussing on a collaboration in another film, but he was told to score music for this film. In November 2022, he was brought onboard as the film's composer. In order to be available for scoring the film, Paul had rejected five films from Kannada that came post the success of 777 Charlie.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Nobin felt that composing a disaster film had \"immense scope\" for a musician mostly through the background score as it elevates the drama and emotions onscreen. He overlayed the film's background score with the sounds of rain and thunder associated with it and did not want the music to be too low or loud and has to convey the drama onscreen. He described it as challenging but felt that the end result was \"phenomenal\" insisting the audience to watch it on theatres equipped with Dolby Atmos. Unlike 777 Charlie which had 10 songs, Paul had composed three numbers due to its limited scope and two of them were performed by his daughter Ezra. One song for the film was composed by William Francis.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "While composing for the introductory sea sequence, sound designer Vishnu Govind assisted Nobin by sending the sound while the background music being composed so that it could be heard with the voice. And for the climax sequence, the helicopter uses a mix of sound and music during the rescue mission and was emphasized until the climatic moments.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The music was recorded during January 2023 and was completed within three months, which Nobin felt as the fastest ever he had worked; he composed 777 Charlie over five years. Nobin said \"Since I had not worked on a subject like this before, it took me a couple of days to get into the zone, but once that happened, I was churning out stuff at break-neck speed.\" Nobin primarily used orchestral music for the film that was recorded live in Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore. Initially, Nobin wanted to recruit international musicians to work on the film but due to the insufficient time he had while composing, he worked on with local musicians for scoring the film. Some of the instrumentalists had also worked with Nobin on his previous film 777 Charlie.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "All lyrics are written by Joe Paul",
"title": "Track listing"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Allan Hunter of Screen International called it as a \"stirring, bombastic score\". Gopika Is of The Times of India and Nishad Thaivalappil of News18 praised the music being \"well-suited and not too jarring\" and \"enhances the narrative and evoke a range of emotions\". Anandu Suresh of The Indian Express stated that Nobin's music creates \"a fantastic atmosphere that will evoke feelings of déjà vu\".",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Princy Alexander of Onmanorama said that Nobin's music \"also does justice to the movie\". Anna M. M. Vetticad of Firstpost was more critical of the music as she felt it being \"overused to evoke melodrama and highlight emotion, and played at an excessive volume, when the film could have rested primarily on the shoulders of a sound designer effectively capturing the rain, the wind and all the other sounds of nature that you would expect in such a scenario.\"",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | 2018 is the soundtrack to the 2023 Malayalam-language survival drama film of the same name directed by Jude Anthany Joseph. The film is scored by Nobin Paul in his Malayalam debut, and featured four songs composed by Nobin, with one song "Minnal Minnane" was composed by William Francis. Joe Paul wrote lyrics for the songs. The soundtrack to the film was released by Think Music on 10 May 2023, five days after the film's release. The track "Minnal Minnane" was released as a single on 4 May. | 2023-12-17T17:15:40Z | 2023-12-18T11:21:25Z | [
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75,586,357 | Kingdom of Pakistan | Kingdom of Pakistan is a misnomer, which may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Kingdom of Pakistan is a misnomer, which may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Kingdom of Pakistan is a misnomer, which may refer to: Indus Valley Civilsation
British Raj
Dominion of Pakistan
Mauryan Empire | 2023-12-17T17:19:20Z | 2023-12-18T03:10:51Z | [
"Template:Disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Pakistan |
75,586,365 | Lilo Fromm | Lilo Fromm (27 December 1928 – 19 June 2023) was a German artist and children's book illustrator. She illustrated more than 250 books during her life. In 1967, her illustrations for the book The Golden Bird won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis.
Fromm was born on 27 December 1928 in Berlin, Germany. She grew up in Berlin, and while she was young, she also lived in East Prussia and on the North Sea. She was educated in Berlin, Munich, Freiburg, and Hamburg.
She began her career in commercial art and advertising, including designing paper goods and book covers. She was a freelance artist in the 1950s, and turned to illustrating children's books mainly during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1957 in Germany, her first children's book illustrations were published by Georg Lentz Verlag. She co-published her first children's book with her friend and author, Gisela Bonsels.
She illustrated the children's book Das Mondgesicht (1960), which was a runner-up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1962. In 1967, her illustrations for the book The Golden Bird won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis and the Bratislava Gold Medal. She also illustrated the book Uncle Harry (1972), which won a Children's Book Showcase title in 1973.
In 1965, Fromm moved to Provence, France. She lived there until she moved back to Germany in 2016.
Fromm gave many of her illustrations to the International Youth Library, where her work is held in their collection. She died on 19 June 2023 in Hamburg, Germany, at the age of 94.
The majority of Fromm's children's book illustrations were made in a painterly style, which was in contrast to the graphic art style of most German picture book artists during the 1960s. Her work was colorful, and she worked with crayon and painted washes. Some of her work was created with black ink illustrations, such as the book Muffel and Plums.
Her fairy tales illustrations had a dream-like quality that emerged in Germany in the mid-1960s alongside other artists, including Helga Aichinger and Lieselotte Schwarz. Cristoph Meckel, while writing for Bookbird, said she used symbolism and archetypes in her depictions of fairy tales. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Lilo Fromm (27 December 1928 – 19 June 2023) was a German artist and children's book illustrator. She illustrated more than 250 books during her life. In 1967, her illustrations for the book The Golden Bird won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Fromm was born on 27 December 1928 in Berlin, Germany. She grew up in Berlin, and while she was young, she also lived in East Prussia and on the North Sea. She was educated in Berlin, Munich, Freiburg, and Hamburg.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She began her career in commercial art and advertising, including designing paper goods and book covers. She was a freelance artist in the 1950s, and turned to illustrating children's books mainly during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1957 in Germany, her first children's book illustrations were published by Georg Lentz Verlag. She co-published her first children's book with her friend and author, Gisela Bonsels.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "She illustrated the children's book Das Mondgesicht (1960), which was a runner-up for the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1962. In 1967, her illustrations for the book The Golden Bird won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis and the Bratislava Gold Medal. She also illustrated the book Uncle Harry (1972), which won a Children's Book Showcase title in 1973.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In 1965, Fromm moved to Provence, France. She lived there until she moved back to Germany in 2016.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Fromm gave many of her illustrations to the International Youth Library, where her work is held in their collection. She died on 19 June 2023 in Hamburg, Germany, at the age of 94.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The majority of Fromm's children's book illustrations were made in a painterly style, which was in contrast to the graphic art style of most German picture book artists during the 1960s. Her work was colorful, and she worked with crayon and painted washes. Some of her work was created with black ink illustrations, such as the book Muffel and Plums.",
"title": "Style of artwork"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Her fairy tales illustrations had a dream-like quality that emerged in Germany in the mid-1960s alongside other artists, including Helga Aichinger and Lieselotte Schwarz. Cristoph Meckel, while writing for Bookbird, said she used symbolism and archetypes in her depictions of fairy tales.",
"title": "Style of artwork"
}
] | Lilo Fromm was a German artist and children's book illustrator. She illustrated more than 250 books during her life. In 1967, her illustrations for the book The Golden Bird won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis. | 2023-12-17T17:21:13Z | 2023-12-26T15:37:27Z | [
"Template:Authority control",
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"Template:Infobox person",
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilo_Fromm |
75,586,378 | Nora Fussner | Nora Fussner is an American writer.
She graduated from Sarah Lawrence College and Brooklyn College. She taught at University of Pittsburgh.
She worked as a logger, transcribing video footage. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nora Fussner is an American writer.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "She graduated from Sarah Lawrence College and Brooklyn College. She taught at University of Pittsburgh.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "She worked as a logger, transcribing video footage.",
"title": ""
}
] | Nora Fussner is an American writer. She graduated from Sarah Lawrence College and Brooklyn College. She taught at University of Pittsburgh. She worked as a logger, transcribing video footage. | 2023-12-17T17:22:14Z | 2023-12-20T05:25:25Z | [
"Template:Notability",
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"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite news"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora_Fussner |
75,586,380 | Steve McCormick | [] | 2023-12-17T17:22:46Z | 2023-12-17T17:25:41Z | [
"Template:Redirect category shell"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_McCormick |
||
75,586,382 | 2024 PWHL New York season | The 2024 PWHL New York season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Total Mortgage Arena in Bridgeport, Connecticut.
Notes
The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.
Bold/italics denotes franchise record. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 PWHL New York season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Total Mortgage Arena in Bridgeport, Connecticut.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Notes",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "Player statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Bold/italics denotes franchise record.",
"title": "Player statistics"
}
] | The 2024 PWHL New York season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Total Mortgage Arena in Bridgeport, Connecticut. | 2023-12-17T17:22:54Z | 2023-12-29T15:38:53Z | [
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75,586,397 | Sukkat Shalom | Sukkat Shalom may refer to: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Sukkat Shalom may refer to:",
"title": ""
}
] | Sukkat Shalom may refer to: | 2023-12-17T17:24:14Z | 2023-12-17T21:57:12Z | [
"Template:Disambiguation"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukkat_Shalom |
75,586,401 | 2023–24 Wichita State Shockers women's basketball team | The 2023–24 Wichita State Shockers women's basketball team represents Wichita State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Shockers, led by first-year head coach Terry Nooner, play their home games at Charles Koch Arena in Wichita, Kansas as members of the American Athletic Conference.
The Shockers finished the 2022–23 season 18–15, 6–10 in AAC play to finish in a tie for eighth place. As the #8 seed in the AAC tournament, they defeated #9 seed Temple in the first round and upset top-seeded South Florida in the semifinals, before falling to #4 seed Houston in the semifinals. They received an at-large bid into the WNIT, where they would be defeated by Kansas State in the first round.
On April 11, 2023, head coach Keitha Adams announced that she would be leaving the program to re-take the head coaching position at UTEP, the job she held prior to her hiring at Wichita State. On April 17, Kansas associate head coach Terry Nooner was announced as the team's next head coach.
Sources: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023–24 Wichita State Shockers women's basketball team represents Wichita State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Shockers, led by first-year head coach Terry Nooner, play their home games at Charles Koch Arena in Wichita, Kansas as members of the American Athletic Conference.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Shockers finished the 2022–23 season 18–15, 6–10 in AAC play to finish in a tie for eighth place. As the #8 seed in the AAC tournament, they defeated #9 seed Temple in the first round and upset top-seeded South Florida in the semifinals, before falling to #4 seed Houston in the semifinals. They received an at-large bid into the WNIT, where they would be defeated by Kansas State in the first round.",
"title": "Previous season"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On April 11, 2023, head coach Keitha Adams announced that she would be leaving the program to re-take the head coaching position at UTEP, the job she held prior to her hiring at Wichita State. On April 17, Kansas associate head coach Terry Nooner was announced as the team's next head coach.",
"title": "Previous season"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Sources:",
"title": "Schedule and results"
}
] | The 2023–24 Wichita State Shockers women's basketball team represents Wichita State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Shockers, led by first-year head coach Terry Nooner, play their home games at Charles Koch Arena in Wichita, Kansas as members of the American Athletic Conference. | 2023-12-17T17:24:51Z | 2023-12-21T07:29:03Z | [
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75,586,431 | Prionochelys | Prionochelys is an extinct genus of pancheloniid from the from the Mooreville Chalk and Eutaw Formations of Alabama. It consists of a single species, P. matutina.
Prionochelys was originally assigned to the family Toxochelyidae. A 2018 paper found it to be on the stem of Cheloniidae, the family to which most modern sea turtles belong, forming a monophyletic grouping with Ctenochelys and Peritresius. | [
{
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"text": "Prionochelys is an extinct genus of pancheloniid from the from the Mooreville Chalk and Eutaw Formations of Alabama. It consists of a single species, P. matutina.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Prionochelys was originally assigned to the family Toxochelyidae. A 2018 paper found it to be on the stem of Cheloniidae, the family to which most modern sea turtles belong, forming a monophyletic grouping with Ctenochelys and Peritresius.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
}
] | Prionochelys is an extinct genus of pancheloniid from the from the Mooreville Chalk and Eutaw Formations of Alabama. It consists of a single species, P. matutina. | 2023-12-17T17:27:42Z | 2023-12-18T08:23:28Z | [
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75,586,438 | Ghastly (film) | Ghastly (Korean: 고死: 기생령) is a 2011 Korean horror movie starring Han Eun-jung, Park Hyo-min and Lee Hyung-suk. The film tells the story of Seo-Ni (Han Eun-jung) who raises her orphan nephew Bin (Lee Hyung-suk). Seo-Ni then becomes involved in a horrifying mystery and discovers a shocking secret about her family. This is singer Hyomin's big screen debut and Ko Seok-jin's directorial debut. The movie featured cameos from singers T-ara, Hahm Eun-jung , and No Min-woo. The movie hit the theatres on August 4, 2011. The film became Asia's first horror/thriller movie released in 3D with 3D specialist company KDC Information & Communication.
To take care of her nephew, her husband Jang Hwan (Park Seong-min), Sunny (Han Eun-jung) moves into Bin's (Lee Hyung-suk) house with her younger sister Yu-rin (Hyo-min). Sunny feels a little unexplained anxiety about Bin, who sometimes behaves strangely. Getting more and more tired of the nightmares, Sunny suspects that there's something wrong with the house and Bin's increasingly violent behavior.
The director of the movie was revealed to be Ko Seok-jin, who previously worked on movies; Rainbow Eyes, Phantom: The Submarine, and Natural City among others. Auditions for child characters "Bin" and "Yoo-Ri" (Seo-Ni's younger sister) took place between January 11th and the 14th. Filming began on May 21, 2011. The movie was revealed to be Asia's first horror/thriller movie released in 3D with 3D specialist company KDC Information & Communication. Posters were released on July 11, 2011.
Auditions for child characters "Bin" and "Yoo-Ri" (Seo-Ni's younger sister) took place between January 11th and 14th. Singer and actress Han Eun-jung was cast for a special appearance along with girl group T-ara who attended the movie's press conference and had a special stage greeting. The final line-up list was released on August 4, 2011.
The movie's release was delayed by 48 hours, in a phone call with Movist, East Sky Films PR claimed production stopped because of a strange loud noise that continued for about 10 minutes. The company later asked for understanding from customers who reserved the movie by phone. Consequently, the movie's stage greeting and press conference were both postponed as well. A press conference was held on August 24th. It was attended by the movie's cast and crew as well as guest celebrities including girl group T-ara. .Ghastly premiered on August 4, 2011.
South Korean distributor Candle Media manufactured and distributed Ghastly DVD version on October 27, 2011. A Mandarin version was released in Taiwan on 18 June 2013 followed by a Japanese one on December 20, 2013. Another version was released in Thailand on August 31, 2015 . The movie's digital version is only 77 minutes. Rights for the film were acquiered by several South Korean streaming platforms including TVING, Watcha, Waave.
The original soundtrack album consists of 21 tracks, though, only two were sung by singers; the title track, "Heaven", performed by Davichi, and "Until The End", performed by Lee Boram of Seeya and So-yeon of T-ara. "Heaven" is a a pop ballad. The latter is a work by composer Cho Young-soo, who has previously worked with both groups.. It is a medium-tempo song with an acoustic piano.
The OST album was released on 8 August 2011 by Stone Music Entertainment. It peaked at number sixty-three on the weekly Gaon Chart (Circle chart). The lead single (by Davichi), peaked at number nineteen on the weekly Gaon Digital chart and charted for 4 weeks. By the end of 2011, the song made it to the yearly sales chart with a total of 642,598 pure downloads.
The movie grossed approximately $681,403 in South Korea with a total audience of 97,000 accross 207 screens.
Ghastly received mixed reviews from critics who commented on the poor plot but praised the main actors' performance, specifically, Han Eun-jung who later received a popularity award at the 33rd Golden Cinematography Awards. Writing for Movist, reporter Yoo Da-yeon describes the movie as quite scary and fun, he also noted its attempt to create a story suited to Korean beliefs such as shamans. However, he criticized its weak story structure and typical horror movie scenes as well as filming techniques. The movie was rated 6/10. In a slightly more positive review, C.J. Wheeler of HanCinema describes it as darker and bloodier than other horror movies released that year, notably White and The Cat. He goes on to praise the "captivating" opening scene and the original, "slightly religious" premise. Similarly to other reviews, he notes that the rest of the movie doesn't live up to the hype created by the opening scenes. Kim Cheol-yeon of Korea Film Archive, also notes that the film failed to properly capture the changing appearance of parasitism and the fear that arises from murder.
Following its DVD release in Japan in 2013, the film was selected by Japanese movie theatre Cinemart Roppongi (Tokyo) for their annual "Korean Movie Selection" and was screened in the said cinema along with Dangerously Excited and Secret Love starting from Septembre 3rd and in Cinemart Shinsaibashi (Osaka) October 5.
Korean horror | [
{
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},
{
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"text": "To take care of her nephew, her husband Jang Hwan (Park Seong-min), Sunny (Han Eun-jung) moves into Bin's (Lee Hyung-suk) house with her younger sister Yu-rin (Hyo-min). Sunny feels a little unexplained anxiety about Bin, who sometimes behaves strangely. Getting more and more tired of the nightmares, Sunny suspects that there's something wrong with the house and Bin's increasingly violent behavior.",
"title": "Sypnosis"
},
{
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"text": "The director of the movie was revealed to be Ko Seok-jin, who previously worked on movies; Rainbow Eyes, Phantom: The Submarine, and Natural City among others. Auditions for child characters \"Bin\" and \"Yoo-Ri\" (Seo-Ni's younger sister) took place between January 11th and the 14th. Filming began on May 21, 2011. The movie was revealed to be Asia's first horror/thriller movie released in 3D with 3D specialist company KDC Information & Communication. Posters were released on July 11, 2011.",
"title": "Development and production"
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{
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"text": "Auditions for child characters \"Bin\" and \"Yoo-Ri\" (Seo-Ni's younger sister) took place between January 11th and 14th. Singer and actress Han Eun-jung was cast for a special appearance along with girl group T-ara who attended the movie's press conference and had a special stage greeting. The final line-up list was released on August 4, 2011.",
"title": "Casting"
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{
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"text": "The movie's release was delayed by 48 hours, in a phone call with Movist, East Sky Films PR claimed production stopped because of a strange loud noise that continued for about 10 minutes. The company later asked for understanding from customers who reserved the movie by phone. Consequently, the movie's stage greeting and press conference were both postponed as well. A press conference was held on August 24th. It was attended by the movie's cast and crew as well as guest celebrities including girl group T-ara. .Ghastly premiered on August 4, 2011.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
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"text": "South Korean distributor Candle Media manufactured and distributed Ghastly DVD version on October 27, 2011. A Mandarin version was released in Taiwan on 18 June 2013 followed by a Japanese one on December 20, 2013. Another version was released in Thailand on August 31, 2015 . The movie's digital version is only 77 minutes. Rights for the film were acquiered by several South Korean streaming platforms including TVING, Watcha, Waave.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
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"text": "The original soundtrack album consists of 21 tracks, though, only two were sung by singers; the title track, \"Heaven\", performed by Davichi, and \"Until The End\", performed by Lee Boram of Seeya and So-yeon of T-ara. \"Heaven\" is a a pop ballad. The latter is a work by composer Cho Young-soo, who has previously worked with both groups.. It is a medium-tempo song with an acoustic piano.",
"title": "Original Soundtracks"
},
{
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"text": "The OST album was released on 8 August 2011 by Stone Music Entertainment. It peaked at number sixty-three on the weekly Gaon Chart (Circle chart). The lead single (by Davichi), peaked at number nineteen on the weekly Gaon Digital chart and charted for 4 weeks. By the end of 2011, the song made it to the yearly sales chart with a total of 642,598 pure downloads.",
"title": "Original Soundtracks"
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"text": "The movie grossed approximately $681,403 in South Korea with a total audience of 97,000 accross 207 screens.",
"title": "Reception"
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"text": "Ghastly received mixed reviews from critics who commented on the poor plot but praised the main actors' performance, specifically, Han Eun-jung who later received a popularity award at the 33rd Golden Cinematography Awards. Writing for Movist, reporter Yoo Da-yeon describes the movie as quite scary and fun, he also noted its attempt to create a story suited to Korean beliefs such as shamans. However, he criticized its weak story structure and typical horror movie scenes as well as filming techniques. The movie was rated 6/10. In a slightly more positive review, C.J. Wheeler of HanCinema describes it as darker and bloodier than other horror movies released that year, notably White and The Cat. He goes on to praise the \"captivating\" opening scene and the original, \"slightly religious\" premise. Similarly to other reviews, he notes that the rest of the movie doesn't live up to the hype created by the opening scenes. Kim Cheol-yeon of Korea Film Archive, also notes that the film failed to properly capture the changing appearance of parasitism and the fear that arises from murder.",
"title": "Reception"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Following its DVD release in Japan in 2013, the film was selected by Japanese movie theatre Cinemart Roppongi (Tokyo) for their annual \"Korean Movie Selection\" and was screened in the said cinema along with Dangerously Excited and Secret Love starting from Septembre 3rd and in Cinemart Shinsaibashi (Osaka) October 5.",
"title": "Reception"
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{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "Korean horror",
"title": "See also"
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] | Ghastly is a 2011 Korean horror movie starring Han Eun-jung, Park Hyo-min and Lee Hyung-suk. The film tells the story of Seo-Ni who raises her orphan nephew Bin. Seo-Ni then becomes involved in a horrifying mystery and discovers a shocking secret about her family. This is singer Hyomin's big screen debut and Ko Seok-jin's directorial debut. The movie featured cameos from singers T-ara, Hahm Eun-jung, and No Min-woo. The movie hit the theatres on August 4, 2011. The film became Asia's first horror/thriller movie released in 3D with 3D specialist company KDC Information & Communication. | 2023-12-17T17:28:25Z | 2023-12-18T11:13:02Z | [
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75,586,454 | Paul R. Houston | Paul R. Houston (Born 1979) is an American federal law enforcement officer who serves as the Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Diplomatic Security and the U.S. Department of State for the Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) for Threat Investigations and Analysis (TIA). During his career with the DSS, Houston served as the director of the DSS Office of Special Investigations conducting criminal and administrative investigations for the U.S. Department of State. Paul served as the deputy director of the Department of State (DS) Command Center. As a member of the Advisory team, he lead and participated in numerous projects in the public and private sections, involving conducting overseas criminal and administrative investigations, threat dissemination and crisis command and control.
Paul Houston conducts investigations at the Rewards for Justice Program (RFJ). RFJ is the interagency rewards program created by the U.S. State Department in 1984 Act to Combat International Terrorism that offers money as incentive for information of the Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO). RFJ is a fusion intelligence center that is focused primary on tracking terrorist movements and activities. The Rewards for Justice Program had previously offered a reward for information of a terrorist organization that called themselves the Al-Qaeda who were responsible for the collapse of the World Trade Center. Rewards for Justice Program was then contacted by a person whose identity is anonymous that told the agency the location of the leader of Al-Qaeda. Rewards for Justice received information. On 2 May 2011 at 3:33 AM, the leader of the terrorist group called Al-Qaeda was killed by the U.S. special operation forces.
Paul Houston received his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from the University of Iowa. He holds an Master's Degree in National Security Policy and international economics from the University of Kentucky's School of Diplomacy and International Commerce.
Paul Houston served in the United States Marines prior to his employment for the United States Department of State as a special agent and diplomat in the Diplomatic Security Service. Houston was a legislative assistant employed by U.S. House of Representatives Jim Leach.
In November, 2022, Paul Houston held the Foreign Press Centers (FPC) Briefing in Washington D.C. to discuss the Rewards for Justice Program's countermeasures in disrupting financial mechanisms that support the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK).
In January 2023, Paul R. Houston made an appearance for the Rewards for Justice program to make an announcement to the public offering a reward up to $10 million in rewards for the information leading to the location of the Al-Shaabab terrorists responsible for attack on the U.S. military base who murdered two American U.S. army soldiers and killed a contractor on January 5, 2020.
In December 2023, the President of the United States of America announced the FY2023 Presidential Rank Awards (PRA) to 64 Senior Foreign Service (SFS) members of the State Department. Houston was nominated and received the Senior Foreign Service (SFS) award approved by the President, Joe Biden who had recognized his outstanding impact making in contributions to the U.S. Government in the field of foreign affairs, public diplomacy and international trade and development. | [
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"text": "Paul R. Houston (Born 1979) is an American federal law enforcement officer who serves as the Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Diplomatic Security and the U.S. Department of State for the Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) for Threat Investigations and Analysis (TIA). During his career with the DSS, Houston served as the director of the DSS Office of Special Investigations conducting criminal and administrative investigations for the U.S. Department of State. Paul served as the deputy director of the Department of State (DS) Command Center. As a member of the Advisory team, he lead and participated in numerous projects in the public and private sections, involving conducting overseas criminal and administrative investigations, threat dissemination and crisis command and control.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Paul Houston conducts investigations at the Rewards for Justice Program (RFJ). RFJ is the interagency rewards program created by the U.S. State Department in 1984 Act to Combat International Terrorism that offers money as incentive for information of the Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO). RFJ is a fusion intelligence center that is focused primary on tracking terrorist movements and activities. The Rewards for Justice Program had previously offered a reward for information of a terrorist organization that called themselves the Al-Qaeda who were responsible for the collapse of the World Trade Center. Rewards for Justice Program was then contacted by a person whose identity is anonymous that told the agency the location of the leader of Al-Qaeda. Rewards for Justice received information. On 2 May 2011 at 3:33 AM, the leader of the terrorist group called Al-Qaeda was killed by the U.S. special operation forces.",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "Paul Houston received his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from the University of Iowa. He holds an Master's Degree in National Security Policy and international economics from the University of Kentucky's School of Diplomacy and International Commerce.",
"title": "Early life and education"
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"title": "Career"
},
{
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"text": "In January 2023, Paul R. Houston made an appearance for the Rewards for Justice program to make an announcement to the public offering a reward up to $10 million in rewards for the information leading to the location of the Al-Shaabab terrorists responsible for attack on the U.S. military base who murdered two American U.S. army soldiers and killed a contractor on January 5, 2020.",
"title": "Career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In December 2023, the President of the United States of America announced the FY2023 Presidential Rank Awards (PRA) to 64 Senior Foreign Service (SFS) members of the State Department. Houston was nominated and received the Senior Foreign Service (SFS) award approved by the President, Joe Biden who had recognized his outstanding impact making in contributions to the U.S. Government in the field of foreign affairs, public diplomacy and international trade and development.",
"title": "Career"
}
] | Paul R. Houston is an American federal law enforcement officer who serves as the Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Bureau of Diplomatic Security and the U.S. Department of State for the Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) for Threat Investigations and Analysis (TIA). During his career with the DSS, Houston served as the director of the DSS Office of Special Investigations conducting criminal and administrative investigations for the U.S. Department of State. Paul served as the deputy director of the Department of State (DS) Command Center. As a member of the Advisory team, he lead and participated in numerous projects in the public and private sections, involving conducting overseas criminal and administrative investigations, threat dissemination and crisis command and control. Paul Houston conducts investigations at the Rewards for Justice Program (RFJ). RFJ is the interagency rewards program created by the U.S. State Department in 1984 Act to Combat International Terrorism that offers money as incentive for information of the Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO). RFJ is a fusion intelligence center that is focused primary on tracking terrorist movements and activities. The Rewards for Justice Program had previously offered a reward for information of a terrorist organization that called themselves the Al-Qaeda who were responsible for the collapse of the World Trade Center. Rewards for Justice Program was then contacted by a person whose identity is anonymous that told the agency the location of the leader of Al-Qaeda. Rewards for Justice received information. On 2 May 2011 at 3:33 AM, the leader of the terrorist group called Al-Qaeda was killed by the U.S. special operation forces. | 2023-12-17T17:29:32Z | 2023-12-27T14:19:49Z | [
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75,586,455 | Ballyhenry, County Down | Ballyhenry (from Irish Baile Héinrí 'Henry’s townland') is a rural townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 214.5 acres (0.868 km). It is situated in the civil parish of Ardquin and the historic barony of Ards Upper, located 1.3 miles north-west of Portaferry. It lies within the Ards and North Down Borough Council. | [
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"text": "Ballyhenry (from Irish Baile Héinrí 'Henry’s townland') is a rural townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 214.5 acres (0.868 km). It is situated in the civil parish of Ardquin and the historic barony of Ards Upper, located 1.3 miles north-west of Portaferry. It lies within the Ards and North Down Borough Council.",
"title": ""
}
] | Ballyhenry is a rural townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 214.5 acres (0.868 km2). It is situated in the civil parish of Ardquin and the historic barony of Ards Upper, located 1.3 miles north-west of Portaferry. It lies within the Ards and North Down Borough Council. | 2023-12-17T17:29:49Z | 2023-12-17T17:29:49Z | [
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75,586,458 | Bills–Chiefs rivalry | The Bills–Chiefs rivalry is a National Football League rivalry between the Buffalo Bills and the Kansas City Chiefs. The series originated during the American Football League's inaugural season in 1960, as both the Chiefs, then known as the Dallas Texans, and Bills were charter teams in the league.
Despite being in two different divisions since their founding in 1960, the Bills and Chiefs have had many notable moments in NFL postseason history, most notably the 1966 AFL Championship Game, as well as the 2021 AFC Divisional playoff game, which is often nicknamed 13 Seconds.
Since 2020, the rivalry has redeveloped as both teams consistently contended for the AFC title. A rivalry has also developed between Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes.
As of 2023, Buffalo currently leads the series 29–24–1, which has included five playoff meetings, three of which were AFL/AFC championship games.
The teams first met in 1960 when the Chiefs were known as the Dallas Texans. The Texans beat the Bills 45–28, the teams first game at Buffalo, then the Texans beat the Bills 24–7.
The two teams met for their first playoff match in the 1966 AFL Championship Game on January 1, 1967. This game was notable where the game would determine the AFL's representative in the first Super Bowl. Kansas City would defeat Buffalo, 31–7, allowing the Chiefs to face the Green Bay Packers.
The teams would face each other 19 times before the AFL–NFL merger. The teams would have a tied record of 9–9–1 in the AFL with the only tie in the rivalry occurring on September 22, 1963, with the score tied 27–27.
The two teams first met as members of the newly-formed American Football Conference of the National Football League in the 1971 season, when the Chiefs defeated the Bills, 22–9, at Kansas City's Municipal Stadium. This would be the final regular season game at the stadium, as the Chiefs would move into their current home of Arrowhead Stadium in 1972.
Both teams would struggle to reach the postseason during this time as the Chiefs would endure a 14-year playoff drought from 1972 until 1985. As for the Bills, they would only qualify for the playoffs three times over the same stretch.
Overall, the Bills won most of the games in the 1970s and 1980s, going 6–3 between 1971 and 1986.
In 1991, both teams met in the regular season at Arrowhead Stadium where the Chiefs would defeat the then-defending AFC champion Bills by a score of 33–6. Chiefs running back Christian Okoye ran for 122 yards and rushed for 2 touchdowns on the ground. The Bills were limited to only 211 net yards in the game, and had lost five fumbles.
The teams would meet again in the 1991 AFC Divisional Round at Rich Stadium, where the Bills would get their revenge on Kansas City. Buffalo led 17–0 at halftime on route to a 37–14 victory. Bills quarterback Jim Kelly would throw for 373 yards passing with 3 touchdowns, while running back Thurman Thomas rushed for 100 yards on 22 carries. With the win, the Bills would advance to the AFC Championship Game for the second straight season, where they would defeat the Denver Broncos by a score of 10–7, allowing the Bills to reach the Super Bowl for the second straight year.
Prior to the 1993 season, the Chiefs acquired quarterback Joe Montana from the San Francisco 49ers and also signed running back Marcus Allen, both former Super Bowl MVPs. The result of these transactions generated Kansas City as a potential Super Bowl favorite, as well as for the potential to challenge the Bills for supremacy in the American Football Conference.
The Bills and Chiefs would meet in the regular season in 1993, where Kansas City would defeat Buffalo, 23–7. Despite the Bills jumping out to an early 7–0 lead in the first quarter, Jim Kelly would throw three interceptions, with turnovers effectively costing the Bills the game. Joe Montana would return to the Chiefs' lineup after a missing a month due to an injury. He would throw for two passing touchdowns in the victory.
The two teams would meet again in that year's AFC Championship Game where the Bills won their fourth straight AFC Championship by a score of 30–13. Montana would suffer a concussion on a three-way sack from Bruce Smith, Phil Hansen, and Jeff Wright, early in the third quarter, which forced Chiefs backup quarterback Dave Krieg into the game. Bills running back Thurman Thomas rushed for 186 yards and added three touchdowns.
The rivalry would begin to slow down in the 2000s as the Bills would enter what would be a 17 year playoff drought, while Kansas City would remain competitive but would not get past the Divisional Round of the playoffs during this time period. Nonetheless, the rivalry gained notoriety as the teams played each other nine out of ten years from 2008 to 2017.
The two teams had some notable moments during this time. One such game was the matchup in 2008, when the 54–31 Buffalo victory featured the most combined points between the two teams in the series. Buffalo quarterback Trent Edwards threw for 273 yards with four total touchdowns in the game. For the Chiefs, this game would mark the most allowed points in a single game in franchise history, a record that would be tied in a 2018 game against the Los Angeles Rams.
The 2010 contest between the Bills and Chiefs used all 75 minutes of the game under the league's then-overtime rules. Buffalo tied the game at 10 late in the fourth quarter thanks to a Ryan Fitzpatrick touchdown pass to Stevie Johnson. The game would go to overtime, where both teams would punt on their first possessions, and then both teams would miss potential game winning field goals on their second possessions of overtime, keeping the game going. After the Bills would punt again, the Chiefs would drive down the field, where Ryan Succop would kick the game-winning field goal from 35 yards as the clock expired on the overtime period.
The Bills and Chiefs would meet for a total of 12 times between 2002 and 2017, with each team winning six games each.
All of the games in the current decade have featured the prominent quarterback play of Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes, who have become key figures in the long-standing rivalry. Both quarterbacks have been noted for their physicality, strong arm strength, and mobile styles of play, where they have demonstrated to escape running with the football while under pressure as well as effectively scramble when called upon.
The 2020 season marked the first time where Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes met in the regular season. The Chiefs would defeat the Bills, 26–17 in Buffalo. In the game, Mahomes passed for 225 yards and threw for two touchdown passes, both of which were caught by tight end Travis Kelce, while running back Clyde Edwards-Helaire rushed for 161 yards on the ground. Both teams would meet again in the postseason in the AFC Championship Game at Arrowhead Stadium. Buffalo would take an early 9–0 lead, but the lead would not last, as Kansas City took control of the game in the second quarter, and cruised to a 38–24 victory to repeat as conference champions, allowing them to advance to Super Bowl LV.
Both teams met in the 2021 regular season, where the Bills would defeat Kansas City, 38–20. Josh Allen threw for 315 yards with three passing touchdowns while adding 59 yards on the ground and a rushing touchdown. Mahomes threw two interceptions in the contest, with one of those returned for a touchdown by Bills safety Micah Hyde.
The two teams met in the 2021 AFC Divisional Round of the playoffs, where the game would be noted for its dramatic conclusion. The game featured four lead changes and 25 points scored n the final two minutes of regulation. Allen would throw for 329 yards and four touchdown passes for Buffalo, while Mahomes threw for 378 yards and added three touchdown passes for Kansas City. With 13 seconds remaining, Allen threw a touchdown pass to wide receiver Gabe Davis to give the Bills a 36–33 lead. However, Mahomes would lead a 44-yard drive with the little time remaining, resulting in a 49-yard field goal by Chiefs kicker Harrison Butker to tie the game and send it to overtime. Kansas City would win the overtime coin toss, where they would quickly score a touchdown to give the Chiefs the 42–36 win.
The game received praise from commentators for both teams' performances, while also scrutinizing the league's overtime rules. As a result of this game and other similar games in past seasons, the NFL changed the overtime rules for postseason games beginning with the 2022–23 postseason, to allow both teams at least one possession of the football in overtime.
The 2022 game between the two teams was another tight back-and-forth contest as both teams competed closely until the fourth quarter. Kansas City took a 20–17 lead on a field goal with under 10 minutes to play, then the Bills defense forced a three-and-out on the Chiefs next possession. On the ensuing drive, Josh Allen and the Bills offense marched down the field, where Allen would throw a go-ahead touchdown pass to tight end Dawson Knox with 1:04 left in the quarter. On the Chiefs' final possession of the game, Patrick Mahomes was intercepted by Bills cornerback Taron Johnson, preserving a 24–20 victory for Buffalo.
The teams met for the fourth straight season in 2023. Buffalo got out to a hot start, jumping out to a 14–0 lead. However, Kansas City would tie the game at 17 in the fourth quarter. With under 2 minutes left to play, the Bills re-took the lead on a 39 yard field goal by Tyler Bass. On the Chiefs' ensuing possession, Kansas City appeared to take the lead on a hook and lateral touchdown, as tight end Travis Kelce caught a pass, where he then threw a lateral to wide receiver Kadarius Toney, who ran into the end zone. However, Toney was ruled offsides on the play, negating the score. After the penalty on the 2nd down play, Mahomes threw two incomplete passes, turning the ball over on downs, securing the Bills victory. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Bills–Chiefs rivalry is a National Football League rivalry between the Buffalo Bills and the Kansas City Chiefs. The series originated during the American Football League's inaugural season in 1960, as both the Chiefs, then known as the Dallas Texans, and Bills were charter teams in the league.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Despite being in two different divisions since their founding in 1960, the Bills and Chiefs have had many notable moments in NFL postseason history, most notably the 1966 AFL Championship Game, as well as the 2021 AFC Divisional playoff game, which is often nicknamed 13 Seconds.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Since 2020, the rivalry has redeveloped as both teams consistently contended for the AFC title. A rivalry has also developed between Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As of 2023, Buffalo currently leads the series 29–24–1, which has included five playoff meetings, three of which were AFL/AFC championship games.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The teams first met in 1960 when the Chiefs were known as the Dallas Texans. The Texans beat the Bills 45–28, the teams first game at Buffalo, then the Texans beat the Bills 24–7.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The two teams met for their first playoff match in the 1966 AFL Championship Game on January 1, 1967. This game was notable where the game would determine the AFL's representative in the first Super Bowl. Kansas City would defeat Buffalo, 31–7, allowing the Chiefs to face the Green Bay Packers.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The teams would face each other 19 times before the AFL–NFL merger. The teams would have a tied record of 9–9–1 in the AFL with the only tie in the rivalry occurring on September 22, 1963, with the score tied 27–27.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "The two teams first met as members of the newly-formed American Football Conference of the National Football League in the 1971 season, when the Chiefs defeated the Bills, 22–9, at Kansas City's Municipal Stadium. This would be the final regular season game at the stadium, as the Chiefs would move into their current home of Arrowhead Stadium in 1972.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Both teams would struggle to reach the postseason during this time as the Chiefs would endure a 14-year playoff drought from 1972 until 1985. As for the Bills, they would only qualify for the playoffs three times over the same stretch.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Overall, the Bills won most of the games in the 1970s and 1980s, going 6–3 between 1971 and 1986.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In 1991, both teams met in the regular season at Arrowhead Stadium where the Chiefs would defeat the then-defending AFC champion Bills by a score of 33–6. Chiefs running back Christian Okoye ran for 122 yards and rushed for 2 touchdowns on the ground. The Bills were limited to only 211 net yards in the game, and had lost five fumbles.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The teams would meet again in the 1991 AFC Divisional Round at Rich Stadium, where the Bills would get their revenge on Kansas City. Buffalo led 17–0 at halftime on route to a 37–14 victory. Bills quarterback Jim Kelly would throw for 373 yards passing with 3 touchdowns, while running back Thurman Thomas rushed for 100 yards on 22 carries. With the win, the Bills would advance to the AFC Championship Game for the second straight season, where they would defeat the Denver Broncos by a score of 10–7, allowing the Bills to reach the Super Bowl for the second straight year.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "Prior to the 1993 season, the Chiefs acquired quarterback Joe Montana from the San Francisco 49ers and also signed running back Marcus Allen, both former Super Bowl MVPs. The result of these transactions generated Kansas City as a potential Super Bowl favorite, as well as for the potential to challenge the Bills for supremacy in the American Football Conference.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "The Bills and Chiefs would meet in the regular season in 1993, where Kansas City would defeat Buffalo, 23–7. Despite the Bills jumping out to an early 7–0 lead in the first quarter, Jim Kelly would throw three interceptions, with turnovers effectively costing the Bills the game. Joe Montana would return to the Chiefs' lineup after a missing a month due to an injury. He would throw for two passing touchdowns in the victory.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "The two teams would meet again in that year's AFC Championship Game where the Bills won their fourth straight AFC Championship by a score of 30–13. Montana would suffer a concussion on a three-way sack from Bruce Smith, Phil Hansen, and Jeff Wright, early in the third quarter, which forced Chiefs backup quarterback Dave Krieg into the game. Bills running back Thurman Thomas rushed for 186 yards and added three touchdowns.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The rivalry would begin to slow down in the 2000s as the Bills would enter what would be a 17 year playoff drought, while Kansas City would remain competitive but would not get past the Divisional Round of the playoffs during this time period. Nonetheless, the rivalry gained notoriety as the teams played each other nine out of ten years from 2008 to 2017.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "The two teams had some notable moments during this time. One such game was the matchup in 2008, when the 54–31 Buffalo victory featured the most combined points between the two teams in the series. Buffalo quarterback Trent Edwards threw for 273 yards with four total touchdowns in the game. For the Chiefs, this game would mark the most allowed points in a single game in franchise history, a record that would be tied in a 2018 game against the Los Angeles Rams.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 17,
"text": "The 2010 contest between the Bills and Chiefs used all 75 minutes of the game under the league's then-overtime rules. Buffalo tied the game at 10 late in the fourth quarter thanks to a Ryan Fitzpatrick touchdown pass to Stevie Johnson. The game would go to overtime, where both teams would punt on their first possessions, and then both teams would miss potential game winning field goals on their second possessions of overtime, keeping the game going. After the Bills would punt again, the Chiefs would drive down the field, where Ryan Succop would kick the game-winning field goal from 35 yards as the clock expired on the overtime period.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 18,
"text": "The Bills and Chiefs would meet for a total of 12 times between 2002 and 2017, with each team winning six games each.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 19,
"text": "All of the games in the current decade have featured the prominent quarterback play of Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes, who have become key figures in the long-standing rivalry. Both quarterbacks have been noted for their physicality, strong arm strength, and mobile styles of play, where they have demonstrated to escape running with the football while under pressure as well as effectively scramble when called upon.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 20,
"text": "The 2020 season marked the first time where Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes met in the regular season. The Chiefs would defeat the Bills, 26–17 in Buffalo. In the game, Mahomes passed for 225 yards and threw for two touchdown passes, both of which were caught by tight end Travis Kelce, while running back Clyde Edwards-Helaire rushed for 161 yards on the ground. Both teams would meet again in the postseason in the AFC Championship Game at Arrowhead Stadium. Buffalo would take an early 9–0 lead, but the lead would not last, as Kansas City took control of the game in the second quarter, and cruised to a 38–24 victory to repeat as conference champions, allowing them to advance to Super Bowl LV.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 21,
"text": "Both teams met in the 2021 regular season, where the Bills would defeat Kansas City, 38–20. Josh Allen threw for 315 yards with three passing touchdowns while adding 59 yards on the ground and a rushing touchdown. Mahomes threw two interceptions in the contest, with one of those returned for a touchdown by Bills safety Micah Hyde.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 22,
"text": "The two teams met in the 2021 AFC Divisional Round of the playoffs, where the game would be noted for its dramatic conclusion. The game featured four lead changes and 25 points scored n the final two minutes of regulation. Allen would throw for 329 yards and four touchdown passes for Buffalo, while Mahomes threw for 378 yards and added three touchdown passes for Kansas City. With 13 seconds remaining, Allen threw a touchdown pass to wide receiver Gabe Davis to give the Bills a 36–33 lead. However, Mahomes would lead a 44-yard drive with the little time remaining, resulting in a 49-yard field goal by Chiefs kicker Harrison Butker to tie the game and send it to overtime. Kansas City would win the overtime coin toss, where they would quickly score a touchdown to give the Chiefs the 42–36 win.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 23,
"text": "The game received praise from commentators for both teams' performances, while also scrutinizing the league's overtime rules. As a result of this game and other similar games in past seasons, the NFL changed the overtime rules for postseason games beginning with the 2022–23 postseason, to allow both teams at least one possession of the football in overtime.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 24,
"text": "The 2022 game between the two teams was another tight back-and-forth contest as both teams competed closely until the fourth quarter. Kansas City took a 20–17 lead on a field goal with under 10 minutes to play, then the Bills defense forced a three-and-out on the Chiefs next possession. On the ensuing drive, Josh Allen and the Bills offense marched down the field, where Allen would throw a go-ahead touchdown pass to tight end Dawson Knox with 1:04 left in the quarter. On the Chiefs' final possession of the game, Patrick Mahomes was intercepted by Bills cornerback Taron Johnson, preserving a 24–20 victory for Buffalo.",
"title": "History"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 25,
"text": "The teams met for the fourth straight season in 2023. Buffalo got out to a hot start, jumping out to a 14–0 lead. However, Kansas City would tie the game at 17 in the fourth quarter. With under 2 minutes left to play, the Bills re-took the lead on a 39 yard field goal by Tyler Bass. On the Chiefs' ensuing possession, Kansas City appeared to take the lead on a hook and lateral touchdown, as tight end Travis Kelce caught a pass, where he then threw a lateral to wide receiver Kadarius Toney, who ran into the end zone. However, Toney was ruled offsides on the play, negating the score. After the penalty on the 2nd down play, Mahomes threw two incomplete passes, turning the ball over on downs, securing the Bills victory.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The Bills–Chiefs rivalry is a National Football League rivalry between the Buffalo Bills and the Kansas City Chiefs. The series originated during the American Football League's inaugural season in 1960, as both the Chiefs, then known as the Dallas Texans, and Bills were charter teams in the league. Despite being in two different divisions since their founding in 1960, the Bills and Chiefs have had many notable moments in NFL postseason history, most notably the 1966 AFL Championship Game, as well as the 2021 AFC Divisional playoff game, which is often nicknamed 13 Seconds. Since 2020, the rivalry has redeveloped as both teams consistently contended for the AFC title. A rivalry has also developed between Bills quarterback Josh Allen and Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes. As of 2023, Buffalo currently leads the series 29–24–1, which has included five playoff meetings, three of which were AFL/AFC championship games. | 2023-12-17T17:30:17Z | 2023-12-24T04:50:06Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bills%E2%80%93Chiefs_rivalry |
75,586,492 | Griffitharia | Griffitharia is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. It includes 19 species native to Asia, ranging from Afghanistan to the Himalayas, Myanmar, and central China. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Griffitharia is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. It includes 19 species native to Asia, ranging from Afghanistan to the Himalayas, Myanmar, and central China.",
"title": ""
}
] | Griffitharia is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. It includes 19 species native to Asia, ranging from Afghanistan to the Himalayas, Myanmar, and central China. Griffitharia ambrozyana (C.K.Schneid.) Rushforth
Griffitharia atrosanguinea Rushforth
Griffitharia burtonsmithiorum (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia guanii (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia hedlundii (C.K.Schneid.) Rushforth
Griffitharia hemsleyi (C.K.Schneid.) Rushforth
Griffitharia heseltinei (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia hudsonii (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia karchungii (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia lanata (D.Don) Rushforth
Griffitharia needhamii (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia pallescens (Rehder) Rushforth
Griffitharia schwerinii (C.K.Schneid.) Rushforth
Griffitharia sharmae Rushforth
Griffitharia spongbergii (Rushforth) Rushforth
Griffitharia thibetica (Cardot) Rushforth
Griffitharia vestita Rushforth
Griffitharia wardii (Merr.) Rushforth
Griffitharia yongdeensis (Rushforth) Rushforth | 2023-12-17T17:38:10Z | 2023-12-20T03:33:38Z | [
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75,586,499 | Mat Luxton | Mat Luxton (February 27, 1844 – January 22, 1924), formally James Monroe Luxton, was a Confederate-aligned guerrilla of the 19th-century United States.
J. M. Luxton, age 18 at enlistment, was a younger half-brother of Nathan Bedford Forrest by their mother's second marriage. Luxton was described as "notorious" in at least two histories. The label guerrilla may be disputed; U.S. Army general Don Buell later told a military commission investigating his strategic decisions in 1862, "I object to this term 'guerrillas' as applied to these troops. They are as much troops as any in the rebel service. I think there is a difference between the cavalry of Morgan, Forrest, and Starnes and what we understand by 'guerrillas.' I know of no reason for giving them a character which does not belong to them, for they are not 'guerrillas' in the proper sense of that term." Further to the point, another historian writes, "Given the fact that, North and South, the vast majority of the combatants were civilians in uniform, such a point may seem a distinction without a difference. As the noted military historian J. F. C. Fuller, observed, 'The Federal soldier was semi-regular and Confederate semi-guerrilla.'" Whether Mat Luxton was a cavalry raider or a guerrilla—defined as "small bands of unorganized bushwhackers"—was seemingly decided in the affirmative by a court of 1865, but may have been a fluid situation during the course of the war.
As of April 1865 Luxton was reportedly leading a band of "about 20." In May 1865, Gen. Washburn ordered that he be "disposed of by drumhead court-martial" if he was captured.
A typically "colorful" Forrest story was reported in July 1865, after the Confederate surrender: "A few days before Gen. Forrest left Grenada a messenger brought him a note from Mat Luxton, asking some favor, Forrest declined to accede to it, when the messenger reproached him for neglect, Forrest caught the messenger by the collar, dragged him to a tree, pulled a limb off, and with it thrashed the messenger finely. The incident is noteworthy as indicating the state of feeling existing between Forrest and Luxton. It is understood that Forrest strongly reprobated Luxton's course in West Tennessee, and sent several times to have him and his men arrested. He thinks mercy in this case would not be Justice." But wait there's more: "Mat. Luxton was paroled at Grenada with Forrest's command. Afterward he went up the railroad toward Panola. Luxton got into a dispute with a Jew, and drew a knife to stab him, when Forrest drew a pistol on Luxton and threatened to shoot him, and thus saved the Jew's life. When the latter went to Grenada he reported that Mat. Luxton was in town, and a guard was sent to arrest him. Col. Funk took his parole from him, and sent him to Memphis in irons, to be tried tor his numerous acts while operating as a guerrilla —Luxton reached Memphis on the steamer Pocahontas, in heavy irons, with ball and chain, under heavy guard, and is now in Irving Block."
According to the regimental history of the 7th Indiana Cavalry, "On the 7th of June, 1865, Lieutenant Blackford was detailed to serve on a military commission at Memphis, Tennessee, of which Colonel George W. McKeaig was president. Before that commission, Mat Luxton, a notorious guerrilla, and a half-brother of the rebel General N. B. Forrest, was brought for trial for his crimes. Owing to the difficulty the Government had in getting witnesses, the trial dragged along for eighty days...His friends offered thousands of dollars for his release. His mother, and Col. Forrest, his half brother, attended his trial almost daily. He was ably defended by Captain Henry Lee, a Union officer."
Luxton was convicted of murder and "being a guerrilla" and was sentenced to death. Luxton escaped from Irving Block prison in December 1865. The guards may have been bribed.
Recollections of 19th-century Grenada, Mississippi recorded in the 1920s mention Luxton:
John Forrest moved to the old Hundley house which was located back of the residence of Mrs. Ida Campbell. One night they had a dance at their home. Mrs. Belle Rose, Mrs. Ella Anderson, and her brother were present. Max Luxton, N. B. Forrest's step-brother came. He was afraid to come in the light because there was a price on his head. The Federals were after him because it was known he was a scout and had killed some Yankees. He stayed in the back room where there wasn't any light, with his bridle over his arm. As the girls would pass dancing, he would step in and turn them. The report got out that the Yankees were going to surround the house, so the dance broke up.
In February 1866, "two Germans" who had testified at Mat Luxton's trial were reportedly murdered at Grenada.
A separate guerrilla, real name Wilcox, operated as "J.M. Luxton" for a time. Wilcox was captured, tried, and hanged in April 1865.
After the war Mat Luxton reportedly "had a store at Forrest Hill, on the Memphis and Charleston railroad, in 1866–67." He married in Texas in 1868. In 1920 at age 74, he was living with his daughter in Nolan County, Texas. Luxton died in Uvalde, Texas in 1924 and is buried in Reagan Wells Cemetery there under a veterans' headstone denoting his American Civil War service as a sergeant in the 3rd Tennessee Cavalry. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mat Luxton (February 27, 1844 – January 22, 1924), formally James Monroe Luxton, was a Confederate-aligned guerrilla of the 19th-century United States.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "J. M. Luxton, age 18 at enlistment, was a younger half-brother of Nathan Bedford Forrest by their mother's second marriage. Luxton was described as \"notorious\" in at least two histories. The label guerrilla may be disputed; U.S. Army general Don Buell later told a military commission investigating his strategic decisions in 1862, \"I object to this term 'guerrillas' as applied to these troops. They are as much troops as any in the rebel service. I think there is a difference between the cavalry of Morgan, Forrest, and Starnes and what we understand by 'guerrillas.' I know of no reason for giving them a character which does not belong to them, for they are not 'guerrillas' in the proper sense of that term.\" Further to the point, another historian writes, \"Given the fact that, North and South, the vast majority of the combatants were civilians in uniform, such a point may seem a distinction without a difference. As the noted military historian J. F. C. Fuller, observed, 'The Federal soldier was semi-regular and Confederate semi-guerrilla.'\" Whether Mat Luxton was a cavalry raider or a guerrilla—defined as \"small bands of unorganized bushwhackers\"—was seemingly decided in the affirmative by a court of 1865, but may have been a fluid situation during the course of the war.",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "As of April 1865 Luxton was reportedly leading a band of \"about 20.\" In May 1865, Gen. Washburn ordered that he be \"disposed of by drumhead court-martial\" if he was captured.",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "A typically \"colorful\" Forrest story was reported in July 1865, after the Confederate surrender: \"A few days before Gen. Forrest left Grenada a messenger brought him a note from Mat Luxton, asking some favor, Forrest declined to accede to it, when the messenger reproached him for neglect, Forrest caught the messenger by the collar, dragged him to a tree, pulled a limb off, and with it thrashed the messenger finely. The incident is noteworthy as indicating the state of feeling existing between Forrest and Luxton. It is understood that Forrest strongly reprobated Luxton's course in West Tennessee, and sent several times to have him and his men arrested. He thinks mercy in this case would not be Justice.\" But wait there's more: \"Mat. Luxton was paroled at Grenada with Forrest's command. Afterward he went up the railroad toward Panola. Luxton got into a dispute with a Jew, and drew a knife to stab him, when Forrest drew a pistol on Luxton and threatened to shoot him, and thus saved the Jew's life. When the latter went to Grenada he reported that Mat. Luxton was in town, and a guard was sent to arrest him. Col. Funk took his parole from him, and sent him to Memphis in irons, to be tried tor his numerous acts while operating as a guerrilla —Luxton reached Memphis on the steamer Pocahontas, in heavy irons, with ball and chain, under heavy guard, and is now in Irving Block.\"",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "According to the regimental history of the 7th Indiana Cavalry, \"On the 7th of June, 1865, Lieutenant Blackford was detailed to serve on a military commission at Memphis, Tennessee, of which Colonel George W. McKeaig was president. Before that commission, Mat Luxton, a notorious guerrilla, and a half-brother of the rebel General N. B. Forrest, was brought for trial for his crimes. Owing to the difficulty the Government had in getting witnesses, the trial dragged along for eighty days...His friends offered thousands of dollars for his release. His mother, and Col. Forrest, his half brother, attended his trial almost daily. He was ably defended by Captain Henry Lee, a Union officer.\"",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Luxton was convicted of murder and \"being a guerrilla\" and was sentenced to death. Luxton escaped from Irving Block prison in December 1865. The guards may have been bribed.",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Recollections of 19th-century Grenada, Mississippi recorded in the 1920s mention Luxton:",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "John Forrest moved to the old Hundley house which was located back of the residence of Mrs. Ida Campbell. One night they had a dance at their home. Mrs. Belle Rose, Mrs. Ella Anderson, and her brother were present. Max Luxton, N. B. Forrest's step-brother came. He was afraid to come in the light because there was a price on his head. The Federals were after him because it was known he was a scout and had killed some Yankees. He stayed in the back room where there wasn't any light, with his bridle over his arm. As the girls would pass dancing, he would step in and turn them. The report got out that the Yankees were going to surround the house, so the dance broke up.",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "In February 1866, \"two Germans\" who had testified at Mat Luxton's trial were reportedly murdered at Grenada.",
"title": "American Civil War"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "A separate guerrilla, real name Wilcox, operated as \"J.M. Luxton\" for a time. Wilcox was captured, tried, and hanged in April 1865.",
"title": "Wilcox"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "After the war Mat Luxton reportedly \"had a store at Forrest Hill, on the Memphis and Charleston railroad, in 1866–67.\" He married in Texas in 1868. In 1920 at age 74, he was living with his daughter in Nolan County, Texas. Luxton died in Uvalde, Texas in 1924 and is buried in Reagan Wells Cemetery there under a veterans' headstone denoting his American Civil War service as a sergeant in the 3rd Tennessee Cavalry.",
"title": "Later life"
}
] | Mat Luxton, formally James Monroe Luxton, was a Confederate-aligned guerrilla of the 19th-century United States. | 2023-12-17T17:39:44Z | 2023-12-23T22:10:03Z | [
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75,586,539 | Billaea africana | Billaea africana is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.
Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Billaea africana is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania.",
"title": "Distribution"
}
] | Billaea africana is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae. | 2023-12-17T17:44:10Z | 2023-12-17T17:44:10Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billaea_africana |
75,586,540 | Neora Even-Zahav | Neora Even-Zahav (Hebrew: נאורה אבן-זהב, born 11 October 1947) is a former Israeli Paralympic competitor in para-athletics, archery and wheelchair basketball.
Even-Zhava, nee Helsinger, was born in Bucharest and emigrated with her family to Mandatory Palestine at the age of four months, arriving only after detention at the Cyprus internment camps. At the age of eight she contracted polio and in 1961 she joined the Israel Sports Center for the Disabled.
At the Stoke Mandeville Games of 1965 she won a gold medal in wheelchair dash tournament. She also won two bronze medals for wheelchair fencing and for para swimming.
As a member of the national women's wheelchair basketball team she took part in the 1968 Summer Paralympics, the 1984 Summer Paralympics and the 1988 Summer Paralympics. In 1968 she also competed in archery and in para-athletics, winning two silver medals and one bronze medal in various wheelchair race events (wheelchair dash, slalom and in wheelchair relay race alongside Batia Mishani, Shoshana Sharabi and Geula Siri).
Her father Moshe Helsinger was a player of Maccabi București.
In 1967 she married Paralympic athlete Israel Even-Zahav. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Neora Even-Zahav (Hebrew: נאורה אבן-זהב, born 11 October 1947) is a former Israeli Paralympic competitor in para-athletics, archery and wheelchair basketball.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Even-Zhava, nee Helsinger, was born in Bucharest and emigrated with her family to Mandatory Palestine at the age of four months, arriving only after detention at the Cyprus internment camps. At the age of eight she contracted polio and in 1961 she joined the Israel Sports Center for the Disabled.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "At the Stoke Mandeville Games of 1965 she won a gold medal in wheelchair dash tournament. She also won two bronze medals for wheelchair fencing and for para swimming.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As a member of the national women's wheelchair basketball team she took part in the 1968 Summer Paralympics, the 1984 Summer Paralympics and the 1988 Summer Paralympics. In 1968 she also competed in archery and in para-athletics, winning two silver medals and one bronze medal in various wheelchair race events (wheelchair dash, slalom and in wheelchair relay race alongside Batia Mishani, Shoshana Sharabi and Geula Siri).",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Her father Moshe Helsinger was a player of Maccabi București.",
"title": "Family"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In 1967 she married Paralympic athlete Israel Even-Zahav.",
"title": "Family"
}
] | Neora Even-Zahav is a former Israeli Paralympic competitor in para-athletics, archery and wheelchair basketball. | 2023-12-17T17:44:14Z | 2023-12-18T11:15:28Z | [
"Template:Infobox sportsperson",
"Template:Lang-he",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Sports links",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neora_Even-Zahav |
75,586,542 | Milagros Mata Gil | Milagros Mata Gil (17 April 1951-7 July 2023) was a Venezuelan novelist and essayist. She was a professor of Spanish, literature and Latin at the Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas. She was also a researcher in the area of Venezuelan literature and was a member of the Venezuelan Academy of the Spanish Language since 2011 until her death. She is known, in principle, for her novels and essays, as well as for being the author of the anthem of the Heres Municipality, Bolívar state.
On 31 March 2021, Milagros Mata Gil and poet Juan Manuel Muñoz, known as Moriche, were detained by a commission of the Special Action Forces (FAES), reportedly for the publication of the text entitled "Fiesta Mortal" (Deadly Party), referring to a wedding which Attorney General Tarek William Saab attended despite the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic. The writer denounced on Twitter that they would be detained until the following day and that they would be charged with "incitement to hatred". Lawyer Gonzalo Himiob, from the NGO Foro Penal, stated that both Mata and Muñoz could not be held in any penitentiary center due to their age, and that in any case they would be subject to precautionary measures or house arrest.
Awards given to Milagros include: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Milagros Mata Gil (17 April 1951-7 July 2023) was a Venezuelan novelist and essayist. She was a professor of Spanish, literature and Latin at the Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas. She was also a researcher in the area of Venezuelan literature and was a member of the Venezuelan Academy of the Spanish Language since 2011 until her death. She is known, in principle, for her novels and essays, as well as for being the author of the anthem of the Heres Municipality, Bolívar state.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On 31 March 2021, Milagros Mata Gil and poet Juan Manuel Muñoz, known as Moriche, were detained by a commission of the Special Action Forces (FAES), reportedly for the publication of the text entitled \"Fiesta Mortal\" (Deadly Party), referring to a wedding which Attorney General Tarek William Saab attended despite the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic. The writer denounced on Twitter that they would be detained until the following day and that they would be charged with \"incitement to hatred\". Lawyer Gonzalo Himiob, from the NGO Foro Penal, stated that both Mata and Muñoz could not be held in any penitentiary center due to their age, and that in any case they would be subject to precautionary measures or house arrest.",
"title": "Arrest"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Awards given to Milagros include:",
"title": "Awards"
}
] | Milagros Mata Gil was a Venezuelan novelist and essayist. She was a professor of Spanish, literature and Latin at the Instituto Pedagógico de Caracas. She was also a researcher in the area of Venezuelan literature and was a member of the Venezuelan Academy of the Spanish Language since 2011 until her death. She is known, in principle, for her novels and essays, as well as for being the author of the anthem of the Heres Municipality, Bolívar state. | 2023-12-17T17:44:31Z | 2023-12-18T19:59:54Z | [
"Template:Authority control",
"Template:Expand language",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox person",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagros_Mata_Gil |
75,586,544 | Siege of Margat | The siege of Margat took place in 1282 and resulted in the Crusaders losing the castle to the Egyptians. The capture of the castle paved the way for the Siege of Acre.
Margat Castle also known as Marqab on the Syrian coast was considered one of the greatest and most fortified castles in the history of the Middle Ages and history in general. It was under the control of the Crusaders for 200 years, and there were forces from the Knights Hospitaller there. These forces attacked Egypt many times, and the sultans of Egypt, from Salah el-Din el-Ayyubi to El-Zahir Baybars, tried to conquer it, but they did not succeed, because of its strong fortifications.
In September 1281, the Hospitallers of Margat dispatched a contingent of troops to support the Mongol invasion of Syria, which the Sultan of Egypt Qalawun successfully prevented after defeating the coalition at the second battle of Homs. To punish the Hospitallers, Qalawun moved with the Egyptian army in the Levant and besieged Margat on 17 April 1285. The historian Ibn Aybak Al-Duwidar says textually:
“Sultan El-Mansur entered with all the Egyptian armies, and ordered the army of Damascus to go out towards the fort of Al-Marqab, then the catapults were fired, and he descended on it with all the armies, and the siege and war took place, and the people suffered great hardship against it.”
Sultan El-Mansur brought a large number of Egyptian engineers, who numbered 1,500 Egyptian engineers, who dug many tunnels under the castle, reached the walls of the castle, and pierced part of the walls of the southern castle, to the point that the Hospitaller Knights were surprised by the Egyptians above their heads. To the point that Sultan El-Mansur Qalawun himself said in his message of victory to the representatives of the provinces:
“And the shovels removed from the wailing of its inhabitants what the hearts had longed for before tearing their garments.”
Which means, because of the many screams of its people, the Egyptians felt pity for them, and this is clear from the situation that happened after the siege, as the Egyptian army under the leadership of El-Mansur Qalawun provided safety for the inhabitants of the castle and allowed the Knights Hospitaller to withdraw with everything they could carry to Tripoli, which was under the control of the Crusaders at that time, without any of the forces attacking them. This Egyptian decision was considered by many historians, most notably the historian James Waterson, to be a decision at the pinnacle of military ethics and military honor, so historian James Waterson says:
"The Knights Hospitaller were allowed to make an honorable withdrawal to Tripoli.”
After 38 days of siege, the castle surrendered to the Egyptian commander Fakr el-Din Mukri on 23 May, with Sultan Qalawun entering Margat two days later.
Sultan El-Mansur Qalawun ordered that the garrison of the castle be from the Egyptian Corps of Engineers due to its strategic importance. He ordered that the castle be built and fortified more than the first version, and that the Egyptian flag be hoisted over it. After the conquest of Margat Castle, the neighboring Maraqia Castle was shortly conquered after.
The whole world, and especially the residents of Acre, knew that the fall of Margat Castle meant that the way to Acre was opened to the Egyptian army to conquer it, the largest Crusader state in the East, and this is what happened. Acre was conquered a few years later by the Egyptian army in the year 1291, ending the Crusader presence in the East.
To this day, Margat Castle is a distinctive landmark in the history of military castles, and its walls were among the highest castle walls in the world, as the Egyptian judge Mohie el-Din bin Abdel Zahir says about it:
“And this citadel has a guide to the star, and a connection to the clouds, and it has a condition for eternity, and for its towers the sky is a seclusion and mingling; how much forgetfulness overtakes it, and had it not been for exaggeration and asking forgiveness of God, I would have said that it is almost shaded by the tree of the end; it is as if the winds are suffocating its breeze, and the clouds are encircling its waist.” | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The siege of Margat took place in 1282 and resulted in the Crusaders losing the castle to the Egyptians. The capture of the castle paved the way for the Siege of Acre.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Margat Castle also known as Marqab on the Syrian coast was considered one of the greatest and most fortified castles in the history of the Middle Ages and history in general. It was under the control of the Crusaders for 200 years, and there were forces from the Knights Hospitaller there. These forces attacked Egypt many times, and the sultans of Egypt, from Salah el-Din el-Ayyubi to El-Zahir Baybars, tried to conquer it, but they did not succeed, because of its strong fortifications.",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In September 1281, the Hospitallers of Margat dispatched a contingent of troops to support the Mongol invasion of Syria, which the Sultan of Egypt Qalawun successfully prevented after defeating the coalition at the second battle of Homs. To punish the Hospitallers, Qalawun moved with the Egyptian army in the Levant and besieged Margat on 17 April 1285. The historian Ibn Aybak Al-Duwidar says textually:",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "“Sultan El-Mansur entered with all the Egyptian armies, and ordered the army of Damascus to go out towards the fort of Al-Marqab, then the catapults were fired, and he descended on it with all the armies, and the siege and war took place, and the people suffered great hardship against it.”",
"title": "Background"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Sultan El-Mansur brought a large number of Egyptian engineers, who numbered 1,500 Egyptian engineers, who dug many tunnels under the castle, reached the walls of the castle, and pierced part of the walls of the southern castle, to the point that the Hospitaller Knights were surprised by the Egyptians above their heads. To the point that Sultan El-Mansur Qalawun himself said in his message of victory to the representatives of the provinces:",
"title": "Siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "“And the shovels removed from the wailing of its inhabitants what the hearts had longed for before tearing their garments.”",
"title": "Siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "Which means, because of the many screams of its people, the Egyptians felt pity for them, and this is clear from the situation that happened after the siege, as the Egyptian army under the leadership of El-Mansur Qalawun provided safety for the inhabitants of the castle and allowed the Knights Hospitaller to withdraw with everything they could carry to Tripoli, which was under the control of the Crusaders at that time, without any of the forces attacking them. This Egyptian decision was considered by many historians, most notably the historian James Waterson, to be a decision at the pinnacle of military ethics and military honor, so historian James Waterson says:",
"title": "Siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "\"The Knights Hospitaller were allowed to make an honorable withdrawal to Tripoli.”",
"title": "Siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "After 38 days of siege, the castle surrendered to the Egyptian commander Fakr el-Din Mukri on 23 May, with Sultan Qalawun entering Margat two days later.",
"title": "Siege"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Sultan El-Mansur Qalawun ordered that the garrison of the castle be from the Egyptian Corps of Engineers due to its strategic importance. He ordered that the castle be built and fortified more than the first version, and that the Egyptian flag be hoisted over it. After the conquest of Margat Castle, the neighboring Maraqia Castle was shortly conquered after.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "The whole world, and especially the residents of Acre, knew that the fall of Margat Castle meant that the way to Acre was opened to the Egyptian army to conquer it, the largest Crusader state in the East, and this is what happened. Acre was conquered a few years later by the Egyptian army in the year 1291, ending the Crusader presence in the East.",
"title": "Aftermath"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "To this day, Margat Castle is a distinctive landmark in the history of military castles, and its walls were among the highest castle walls in the world, as the Egyptian judge Mohie el-Din bin Abdel Zahir says about it:",
"title": "Legacy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "“And this citadel has a guide to the star, and a connection to the clouds, and it has a condition for eternity, and for its towers the sky is a seclusion and mingling; how much forgetfulness overtakes it, and had it not been for exaggeration and asking forgiveness of God, I would have said that it is almost shaded by the tree of the end; it is as if the winds are suffocating its breeze, and the clouds are encircling its waist.”",
"title": "Legacy"
}
] | The siege of Margat took place in 1282 and resulted in the Crusaders losing the castle to the Egyptians. The capture of the castle paved the way for the Siege of Acre. | 2023-12-17T17:44:49Z | 2023-12-30T13:42:22Z | [
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Citation",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Infobox military conflict",
"Template:Campaignbox Crusades Battles"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Margat |
75,586,559 | Mark Solomon (rabbi) | Mark Solomon is a rabbi and chair of the Beit Din of Liberal Judaism in the UK. He is known for his LGBT-affirmative stance.
Solomon left Orthodox Judaism after coming out as gay, and later joined the Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues (ULPS; later Liberal Judaism) in the UK. Alongside lesbian rabbi Elizabeth Tikvah Sarah, he co-led Shabbat services with the Jewish Gay and Lesbian Group, based in London. He later served Sukkat Shalom in Edinburgh, a Liberal Jewish community known for its LGBT-friendly stance.
In 2014, Solomon was described as a "pioneer" of Rainbow Jews, an exhibition and film at the London School of Economics which partly funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and aimed to research, record and archive the historical experiences of LGBT Jews. In 2023, he conducted the first Jewish same-sex wedding in Scotland. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Mark Solomon is a rabbi and chair of the Beit Din of Liberal Judaism in the UK. He is known for his LGBT-affirmative stance.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Solomon left Orthodox Judaism after coming out as gay, and later joined the Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues (ULPS; later Liberal Judaism) in the UK. Alongside lesbian rabbi Elizabeth Tikvah Sarah, he co-led Shabbat services with the Jewish Gay and Lesbian Group, based in London. He later served Sukkat Shalom in Edinburgh, a Liberal Jewish community known for its LGBT-friendly stance.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2014, Solomon was described as a \"pioneer\" of Rainbow Jews, an exhibition and film at the London School of Economics which partly funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and aimed to research, record and archive the historical experiences of LGBT Jews. In 2023, he conducted the first Jewish same-sex wedding in Scotland.",
"title": ""
}
] | Mark Solomon is a rabbi and chair of the Beit Din of Liberal Judaism in the UK. He is known for his LGBT-affirmative stance. Solomon left Orthodox Judaism after coming out as gay, and later joined the Union of Liberal and Progressive Synagogues in the UK. Alongside lesbian rabbi Elizabeth Tikvah Sarah, he co-led Shabbat services with the Jewish Gay and Lesbian Group, based in London. He later served Sukkat Shalom in Edinburgh, a Liberal Jewish community known for its LGBT-friendly stance. In 2014, Solomon was described as a "pioneer" of Rainbow Jews, an exhibition and film at the London School of Economics which partly funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and aimed to research, record and archive the historical experiences of LGBT Jews. In 2023, he conducted the first Jewish same-sex wedding in Scotland. | 2023-12-17T17:47:19Z | 2023-12-26T16:19:00Z | [
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Cite book",
"Template:Cite news",
"Template:Liberal Judaism in the United Kingdom",
"Template:Short description",
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Solomon_(rabbi) |
75,586,561 | Alexandria Engineering Journal | The Alexandria Engineering Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal that covers experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects in the field of engineering and applied science. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University and the editor-in-chief is Ayman Abdel-Khalik (Alexandria University).
The journal is organized in five sections:
The journal is abstracted and indexed in: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Alexandria Engineering Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal that covers experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects in the field of engineering and applied science. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University and the editor-in-chief is Ayman Abdel-Khalik (Alexandria University).",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The journal is organized in five sections:",
"title": "Sections"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The journal is abstracted and indexed in:",
"title": "Abstracting and indexing"
}
] | The Alexandria Engineering Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal that covers experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects in the field of engineering and applied science. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University and the editor-in-chief is Ayman Abdel-Khalik. | 2023-12-17T17:47:34Z | 2023-12-20T15:45:52Z | [
"Template:Infobox Journal",
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Cite web",
"Template:Official website"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandria_Engineering_Journal |
75,586,563 | Goffa | The Goffa is a traditional hairstyle or headwear deeply embedded in the cultures of the Songhai and Tuareg people, particularly in northern Mali and Niger. Exclusively worn by married women, it serves as a cultural identifier during significant events to visually distinguish married women from their unmarried counterparts.
The distinctive feature of the Goffa is its braids interwoven with gold or silver adornments, known as Kurkuru, reflecting the perceived affluence of the wearer's family. Historically, this hairstyle was a symbol of prestige and costliness, limiting its use to a select few.
In Songhai and Tuareg communities, the Goffa symbolizes a crown worn by women to represent their dignity and honor. An adage in Songhai language Yela ni gofa ma si kaw ni ni ce ga, emphasizes the role of the Goffa in reminding women of their esteemed status without implying any inherent superiority. The Goffa holds historical significance in Timbuktu, where it was notably worn by queens. This association has led to its colloquial designation as 'the hairstyle of the queens,' emphasizing its historical connection without implying any contemporary hierarchy.
In the past, the Goffa was a luxury reserved for the economically privileged. However, contemporary variations and the availability of replicas and wigs have democratized its accessibility, allowing a broader spectrum of individuals to embrace this cultural tradition. As a symbol of marital status, dignity, and historical affluence, the Goffa continues to evolve, maintaining its relevance as a vibrant expression of cultural identity among the Songhai and Tuareg. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Goffa is a traditional hairstyle or headwear deeply embedded in the cultures of the Songhai and Tuareg people, particularly in northern Mali and Niger. Exclusively worn by married women, it serves as a cultural identifier during significant events to visually distinguish married women from their unmarried counterparts.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The distinctive feature of the Goffa is its braids interwoven with gold or silver adornments, known as Kurkuru, reflecting the perceived affluence of the wearer's family. Historically, this hairstyle was a symbol of prestige and costliness, limiting its use to a select few.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In Songhai and Tuareg communities, the Goffa symbolizes a crown worn by women to represent their dignity and honor. An adage in Songhai language Yela ni gofa ma si kaw ni ni ce ga, emphasizes the role of the Goffa in reminding women of their esteemed status without implying any inherent superiority. The Goffa holds historical significance in Timbuktu, where it was notably worn by queens. This association has led to its colloquial designation as 'the hairstyle of the queens,' emphasizing its historical connection without implying any contemporary hierarchy.",
"title": "Cultural Significance"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In the past, the Goffa was a luxury reserved for the economically privileged. However, contemporary variations and the availability of replicas and wigs have democratized its accessibility, allowing a broader spectrum of individuals to embrace this cultural tradition. As a symbol of marital status, dignity, and historical affluence, the Goffa continues to evolve, maintaining its relevance as a vibrant expression of cultural identity among the Songhai and Tuareg.",
"title": "Evolution and Accessibility"
}
] | The Goffa is a traditional hairstyle or headwear deeply embedded in the cultures of the Songhai and Tuareg people, particularly in northern Mali and Niger. Exclusively worn by married women, it serves as a cultural identifier during significant events to visually distinguish married women from their unmarried counterparts. | 2023-12-17T17:47:38Z | 2023-12-22T17:27:03Z | [
"Template:Reflist",
"Template:Citation",
"Template:Short description"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goffa |
75,586,570 | Delio Cantimori | Delio Cantimori (1904–1966) was an Italian academic, historian, political writer and translator. He is best known for his conception of the group he called the eretici (heretics), religious exiles of the 16th century from Italy.
He was born at Russi, the son of Carlo Cantimori, a school head and follower of Mazzini; the futurist Cino Cantimori was his younger brother. Their mother was Silvia Sintini.
Cantimori was educated at schools in Forlì and Ravenna. In 1924 he won a scholarship at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, and enrolled also at the University of Pisa to read literature and philosophy. He was at Pisa until 1929, and came under the influence of Giuseppe Saitta (1881–1965), a scholar of the Italian Renaissance.
As a follower of Saitta and Giovanni Gentile, Cantimori began publishing in Vita Nova in 1927, in the direction of the actual idealism of Gentile, a theorist of Fascism; Vita Nova was set up by Leandro Arpinati, a Fascist political leader.
From 1929 Cantimori was a high school teacher in Cagliari at the Liceo Dettore, teaching philosophy and history; his sister Letizia attended Cagliari University in 1930. There Giuseppe Dessì was a pupil to whom he gave support, with the use of his personal library, and introductions to Claudio Varese and others. Cantimori moved on in autumn 1931 to the Liceo Classico Ugo Foscolo in Pavia. He left Pavia after about two months, on a ministerial scholarship, to study at Basel, returning in July 1932. Acquiring scholarly contacts, he studied abroad again from August 1933. At this period he was researching for his major work Eretici italiani del Cinquecento (1939). One important contact from these travels was Stanisław Kot in Kraków, a scholar of the Unitarians pioneers the Sozzinis, founders of Socinianism. Correspondence with Roland Bainton from 1932 for the rest of his life is preserved at Yale Divinity School Library.
Cantimori returned to Rome, and librarian and editorial work, in 1934. In 1936 he married Emma Mezzomonti, a communist activist. He remained for a time at least nominally a Fascist. In 1939, however, the antifascist Velio Spano stayed with him.
After the end of World War II, Cantimori joined the Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI), and made translations from Karl Marx. He left the PCI in 1956.
Cantimori was prominent in the group of broad-based historians prominent after World War II in Italy, who took revised views of philosophical idealism, with Federico Chabod, Giuseppe Galasso, Walter Maturi and Adolfo Omodeo. He was significant as an opponent of "Romantic aestheticism", and was also unsympathetic to the Annales School. He moved away from idealism as formulated by Gentile, and also in the sense of Benedetto Croce, and rejected Marxist materialism, too. His approach to history was related to those of Giorgio Falco and Franco Venturi.
His first historical work "Il caso Boscoli e la vita del Rinascimento" in the Giornale critico della filosofia italiana, from 1927, looked at the case of Pietro Paolo Boscoli, executed in 1513 for involvement in an assassination conspiracy against the Medici family. His dissertation at Pisa in 1928 was on Ulrich von Hutten. In 1935 he used a book introduction (to the Italian translation of The Italian Reformers by Frederic Corss Church) to break with the orthodoxy of the liberal Croce on Jean Calvin and his treatment of Michael Servetus as a heretic—Croce supported the political expediency of the decision. It presaged his 1939 collective biography of the eretici. Cantimori had already published an essay on Bernardino Ochino in 1929. He began to hammer out the scope of the eretici project in letters to Bainton from 1932.
Cantimori contributed an article, translated by Frances Yates, to the second issue of the London Journal of the Warburg Institute in 1937. Emma Cantimori edited with Gertrud Bing La rinascita del paganesimo antico (The Renewal of Pagan Antiquity, 1966), the first published collection of Aby Warburg's writings. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Delio Cantimori (1904–1966) was an Italian academic, historian, political writer and translator. He is best known for his conception of the group he called the eretici (heretics), religious exiles of the 16th century from Italy.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "He was born at Russi, the son of Carlo Cantimori, a school head and follower of Mazzini; the futurist Cino Cantimori was his younger brother. Their mother was Silvia Sintini.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Cantimori was educated at schools in Forlì and Ravenna. In 1924 he won a scholarship at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa, and enrolled also at the University of Pisa to read literature and philosophy. He was at Pisa until 1929, and came under the influence of Giuseppe Saitta (1881–1965), a scholar of the Italian Renaissance.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "As a follower of Saitta and Giovanni Gentile, Cantimori began publishing in Vita Nova in 1927, in the direction of the actual idealism of Gentile, a theorist of Fascism; Vita Nova was set up by Leandro Arpinati, a Fascist political leader.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "From 1929 Cantimori was a high school teacher in Cagliari at the Liceo Dettore, teaching philosophy and history; his sister Letizia attended Cagliari University in 1930. There Giuseppe Dessì was a pupil to whom he gave support, with the use of his personal library, and introductions to Claudio Varese and others. Cantimori moved on in autumn 1931 to the Liceo Classico Ugo Foscolo in Pavia. He left Pavia after about two months, on a ministerial scholarship, to study at Basel, returning in July 1932. Acquiring scholarly contacts, he studied abroad again from August 1933. At this period he was researching for his major work Eretici italiani del Cinquecento (1939). One important contact from these travels was Stanisław Kot in Kraków, a scholar of the Unitarians pioneers the Sozzinis, founders of Socinianism. Correspondence with Roland Bainton from 1932 for the rest of his life is preserved at Yale Divinity School Library.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Cantimori returned to Rome, and librarian and editorial work, in 1934. In 1936 he married Emma Mezzomonti, a communist activist. He remained for a time at least nominally a Fascist. In 1939, however, the antifascist Velio Spano stayed with him.",
"title": "Mid-career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "After the end of World War II, Cantimori joined the Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI), and made translations from Karl Marx. He left the PCI in 1956.",
"title": "Post-war"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Cantimori was prominent in the group of broad-based historians prominent after World War II in Italy, who took revised views of philosophical idealism, with Federico Chabod, Giuseppe Galasso, Walter Maturi and Adolfo Omodeo. He was significant as an opponent of \"Romantic aestheticism\", and was also unsympathetic to the Annales School. He moved away from idealism as formulated by Gentile, and also in the sense of Benedetto Croce, and rejected Marxist materialism, too. His approach to history was related to those of Giorgio Falco and Franco Venturi.",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "His first historical work \"Il caso Boscoli e la vita del Rinascimento\" in the Giornale critico della filosofia italiana, from 1927, looked at the case of Pietro Paolo Boscoli, executed in 1513 for involvement in an assassination conspiracy against the Medici family. His dissertation at Pisa in 1928 was on Ulrich von Hutten. In 1935 he used a book introduction (to the Italian translation of The Italian Reformers by Frederic Corss Church) to break with the orthodoxy of the liberal Croce on Jean Calvin and his treatment of Michael Servetus as a heretic—Croce supported the political expediency of the decision. It presaged his 1939 collective biography of the eretici. Cantimori had already published an essay on Bernardino Ochino in 1929. He began to hammer out the scope of the eretici project in letters to Bainton from 1932.",
"title": "Works"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Cantimori contributed an article, translated by Frances Yates, to the second issue of the London Journal of the Warburg Institute in 1937. Emma Cantimori edited with Gertrud Bing La rinascita del paganesimo antico (The Renewal of Pagan Antiquity, 1966), the first published collection of Aby Warburg's writings.",
"title": "Works"
}
] | Delio Cantimori (1904–1966) was an Italian academic, historian, political writer and translator. He is best known for his conception of the group he called the eretici (heretics), religious exiles of the 16th century from Italy. | 2023-12-17T17:48:33Z | 2023-12-26T18:08:48Z | [
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75,586,581 | 2024 PWHL Ottawa season | The 2024 PWHL Ottawa season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the TD Place Arena in Ottawa.
The team announced Mike Hirshfeld as their first employee in the summer of 2023 when he was named general manager. On August 31, it was announced that TD Place Arena would be the home venue for the team. On September 5, the team signed its first three players, Emily Clark and Brianne Jenner and goalie Emerance Maschmeyer.
On December 17, 2023, it was announced that the team had sold out its January 2 opening game against Montreal. As the stadium holds 7,510 people, this means the game will set a North American attendance record for a professional women's hockey game.
Notes
The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.
Bold/italics denotes franchise record. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 PWHL Ottawa season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the TD Place Arena in Ottawa.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The team announced Mike Hirshfeld as their first employee in the summer of 2023 when he was named general manager. On August 31, it was announced that TD Place Arena would be the home venue for the team. On September 5, the team signed its first three players, Emily Clark and Brianne Jenner and goalie Emerance Maschmeyer.",
"title": "Offseason"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On December 17, 2023, it was announced that the team had sold out its January 2 opening game against Montreal. As the stadium holds 7,510 people, this means the game will set a North American attendance record for a professional women's hockey game.",
"title": "Regular season"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Notes",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
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"text": "The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
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"text": "",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "Player statistics"
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{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Bold/italics denotes franchise record.",
"title": "Player statistics"
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] | The 2024 PWHL Ottawa season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the TD Place Arena in Ottawa. | 2023-12-17T17:50:03Z | 2023-12-29T15:47:52Z | [
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75,586,593 | 2003 Masters of Curling (December) | The 2003 M&M Meat Shops Masters of Curling was held from December 11 to 14, 2003 at the Garson Arena in Sudbury, Ontario. The event was one of the four men's Grand Slams of the 2003–04 curling season.
The total purse for the event was $100,000, with $30,000 going to the winning team. The format was a triple knockout. The semifinals and finals were aired on Sportsnet.
The event was the first Slam to feature the World champion Randy Ferbey rink, who had been banned from competition by the World Curling Players Association for refusing to boycott playing in the Brier due to a dispute between the Players Association and the Canadian Curling Association. There was much excitement for the potential of a match between Ferbey and their cross-town rivals, Team Kevin Martin who were on opposite sides of the dispute, meaning the two teams had not played since the final of the 2001 Alberta men's championship. The two teams did end up playing off in a C qualifying match, with Martin easily winning 7–1.
The final featured Wayne Middaugh of Ontario defeating Team Jeff Stoughton 5–2. Middaugh's rink won the $30,000 top prize, while Stoughton took home $18,000. There was also a third place match, which saw Team Martin defeat Nova Scotia's Mark Dacey 9–7. Team Martin earned $14,000 for third place, while Dacey won $10,000.
The teams were as follows:
The playoff scores were as follows: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2003 M&M Meat Shops Masters of Curling was held from December 11 to 14, 2003 at the Garson Arena in Sudbury, Ontario. The event was one of the four men's Grand Slams of the 2003–04 curling season.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The total purse for the event was $100,000, with $30,000 going to the winning team. The format was a triple knockout. The semifinals and finals were aired on Sportsnet.",
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The event was the first Slam to feature the World champion Randy Ferbey rink, who had been banned from competition by the World Curling Players Association for refusing to boycott playing in the Brier due to a dispute between the Players Association and the Canadian Curling Association. There was much excitement for the potential of a match between Ferbey and their cross-town rivals, Team Kevin Martin who were on opposite sides of the dispute, meaning the two teams had not played since the final of the 2001 Alberta men's championship. The two teams did end up playing off in a C qualifying match, with Martin easily winning 7–1.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The final featured Wayne Middaugh of Ontario defeating Team Jeff Stoughton 5–2. Middaugh's rink won the $30,000 top prize, while Stoughton took home $18,000. There was also a third place match, which saw Team Martin defeat Nova Scotia's Mark Dacey 9–7. Team Martin earned $14,000 for third place, while Dacey won $10,000.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The teams were as follows:",
"title": "Teams"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The playoff scores were as follows:",
"title": "Playoffs"
}
] | The 2003 M&M Meat Shops Masters of Curling was held from December 11 to 14, 2003 at the Garson Arena in Sudbury, Ontario. The event was one of the four men's Grand Slams of the 2003–04 curling season. The total purse for the event was $100,000, with $30,000 going to the winning team. The format was a triple knockout. The semifinals and finals were aired on Sportsnet. The event was the first Slam to feature the World champion Randy Ferbey rink, who had been banned from competition by the World Curling Players Association for refusing to boycott playing in the Brier due to a dispute between the Players Association and the Canadian Curling Association. There was much excitement for the potential of a match between Ferbey and their cross-town rivals, Team Kevin Martin who were on opposite sides of the dispute, meaning the two teams had not played since the final of the 2001 Alberta men's championship. The two teams did end up playing off in a C qualifying match, with Martin easily winning 7–1. The final featured Wayne Middaugh of Ontario defeating Team Jeff Stoughton 5–2. Middaugh's rink won the $30,000 top prize, while Stoughton took home $18,000. There was also a third place match, which saw Team Martin defeat Nova Scotia's Mark Dacey 9–7. Team Martin earned $14,000 for third place, while Dacey won $10,000. | 2023-12-17T17:51:42Z | 2023-12-17T17:51:42Z | [
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75,586,634 | Reuven Azar | Reuven Azar is a Israeli Diplomat who is currently serving as Ambassador of Israel to Romania and the designated Ambassador to India.
Azar was born in Argentina in 1967, and migrated to Jerusalem with his Family at age 13. He served in a Paratroopers Brigade of the Israeli Defense Forces from 1985 to 1988
Azar was Deputy Chief of Mission for the Embassy of Israel, Washington, D.C. between 2014 and 2018. After servinf un Washungton he retorned to Israel and served as deputy adviser for national security and foreign policy with the National Security Council and a foreign policy adviser for the prime minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu.
Azar was appointed Ambassdor of Israel to Romnia in January 2022 and asomed office in August 2022.
Azar met George Simion, head of the far-right Alliance for the Union of Romanians, an act thet draw criticism from the Yad Vashem Holocaust center.
On December 17, 2023, the Israeli government approved the appointment of Azar as the new Ambassador to India, and the non-resident Ambassador to Sri Lanka and Bhutan. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Reuven Azar is a Israeli Diplomat who is currently serving as Ambassador of Israel to Romania and the designated Ambassador to India.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Azar was born in Argentina in 1967, and migrated to Jerusalem with his Family at age 13. He served in a Paratroopers Brigade of the Israeli Defense Forces from 1985 to 1988",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Azar was Deputy Chief of Mission for the Embassy of Israel, Washington, D.C. between 2014 and 2018. After servinf un Washungton he retorned to Israel and served as deputy adviser for national security and foreign policy with the National Security Council and a foreign policy adviser for the prime minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Azar was appointed Ambassdor of Israel to Romnia in January 2022 and asomed office in August 2022.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Azar met George Simion, head of the far-right Alliance for the Union of Romanians, an act thet draw criticism from the Yad Vashem Holocaust center.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On December 17, 2023, the Israeli government approved the appointment of Azar as the new Ambassador to India, and the non-resident Ambassador to Sri Lanka and Bhutan.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Reuven Azar is a Israeli Diplomat who is currently serving as Ambassador of Israel to Romania and the designated Ambassador to India. | 2023-12-17T17:55:07Z | 2023-12-20T02:10:23Z | [
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75,586,645 | The Sun Dance Opera | The Sun Dance Opera is a 1913 opera with a score by William F. Hanson and libretto and songs by Zitkala-Sa, also known as Gertrude Simmons Bonnin.
Zitkala-Sa met Hanson in 1910, and the two began working on the opera that year. According to N. L. Nelson, a colleague of Hanson at Brigham Young University, Zitkala-Sa was heavily involved with writing the show's story, revising the show's music, designing the show's costumes, and traineding "the dancers and singers so as to be true to the highest and best ideals of her people".
Bonnin drew on traditional Sioux melodies for the show's music, and chants were also included in the show's score. Some portions of the score, especially in the ensemble pieces, were also left open for performers to improvise or to sing their own chants or songs.
Hanson claimed his work on the opera was motivated by the desire to record Sioux culture.
The opera's is set in Pipestone Quarry near Yankton, South Dakota. The plot involves a love triangle between Sioux protagonist Ohiya, Sioux woman Winona, daughter of the chief, and the show's villain, Sweet Singer, a Shoshone man. The titular Sun Dance, a Plains Indians ceremony that had been outlawed since 1904, also plays a prominent role in the story.
The show's prologue features Sweet Singer leaving his home to travel to the "land [of] the Sioux," after he violated Shoshone religious rules. The story then properly opens with Ohiya and Winona, with Ohiya promising to earn her affections.
The Sun Dance Opera debuted in February 1913, at Orpheus Hall in Vernal, Utah, playing for three nights. The cast featured members of the Ute Nation from the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, but the leads were played by non-Native singers. The opera saw some success, with the production touring the state over the next two years.
Bonnin was credited for her work on the opera, with a 1913 El Paso Herald article noting that she had written the piece.
The opera was performed several times at Brigham Young University, including twice in 1914 and once in 1935.
The opera premiered on Broadway on April 27 1938, at the Broadway Theater, where it was put on by the New York City Light Opera for two nights. The New York Opera Guild presented the piece as the opera of the year. Bonnin was not involved in the production, nor in the revisions made to the libretto and composition. Hanson's revisions doubled the show's length, added a number of songs and rewrote those remaining from the original.
In a reversal of the 1913 casting, much of the ensemble were played by non-Natives, while many of the lead roles were played by Native Americans living in New York City.
At the time of the 1938 production, Zitkala-Sa was not credited for her work on the piece, nor was she credited when Hanson registered the opera with the U.S. Copyright Office. | [
{
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"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Zitkala-Sa met Hanson in 1910, and the two began working on the opera that year. According to N. L. Nelson, a colleague of Hanson at Brigham Young University, Zitkala-Sa was heavily involved with writing the show's story, revising the show's music, designing the show's costumes, and traineding \"the dancers and singers so as to be true to the highest and best ideals of her people\".",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Bonnin drew on traditional Sioux melodies for the show's music, and chants were also included in the show's score. Some portions of the score, especially in the ensemble pieces, were also left open for performers to improvise or to sing their own chants or songs.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Hanson claimed his work on the opera was motivated by the desire to record Sioux culture.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The opera's is set in Pipestone Quarry near Yankton, South Dakota. The plot involves a love triangle between Sioux protagonist Ohiya, Sioux woman Winona, daughter of the chief, and the show's villain, Sweet Singer, a Shoshone man. The titular Sun Dance, a Plains Indians ceremony that had been outlawed since 1904, also plays a prominent role in the story.",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "The show's prologue features Sweet Singer leaving his home to travel to the \"land [of] the Sioux,\" after he violated Shoshone religious rules. The story then properly opens with Ohiya and Winona, with Ohiya promising to earn her affections.",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The Sun Dance Opera debuted in February 1913, at Orpheus Hall in Vernal, Utah, playing for three nights. The cast featured members of the Ute Nation from the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, but the leads were played by non-Native singers. The opera saw some success, with the production touring the state over the next two years.",
"title": "Productions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Bonnin was credited for her work on the opera, with a 1913 El Paso Herald article noting that she had written the piece.",
"title": "Productions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The opera was performed several times at Brigham Young University, including twice in 1914 and once in 1935.",
"title": "Productions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The opera premiered on Broadway on April 27 1938, at the Broadway Theater, where it was put on by the New York City Light Opera for two nights. The New York Opera Guild presented the piece as the opera of the year. Bonnin was not involved in the production, nor in the revisions made to the libretto and composition. Hanson's revisions doubled the show's length, added a number of songs and rewrote those remaining from the original.",
"title": "Productions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "In a reversal of the 1913 casting, much of the ensemble were played by non-Natives, while many of the lead roles were played by Native Americans living in New York City.",
"title": "Productions"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "At the time of the 1938 production, Zitkala-Sa was not credited for her work on the piece, nor was she credited when Hanson registered the opera with the U.S. Copyright Office.",
"title": "Productions"
}
] | The Sun Dance Opera is a 1913 opera with a score by William F. Hanson and libretto and songs by Zitkala-Sa, also known as Gertrude Simmons Bonnin. | 2023-12-17T17:57:49Z | 2023-12-18T01:23:52Z | [
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75,586,654 | 2024 in the Central African Republic | Events in the year 2024 in the Central African Republic. | [
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"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Events in the year 2024 in the Central African Republic.",
"title": ""
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] | Events in the year 2024 in the Central African Republic. | 2023-12-17T17:58:46Z | 2023-12-17T18:24:49Z | [
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75,586,658 | Richard Young (activist) | Richard Young (1950 – 2023) was a British activist.
Born in Moreton-in-Marsh, Cotswolds, Young was raised in a farming family, where he developed an early interest in agriculture. He initially practiced conventional farming methods at Swell Hill Farm, which he took over after declining a university education in veterinary medicine.
His transition to organic farming was influenced by personal experiences, including his mother's health issues and an encounter with Sam Mayall, a proponent of organic farming. This change marked a significant shift in his career towards sustainable agriculture and animal welfare advocacy.
Young was known for his campaigns against the misuse of antibiotics in intensive farming, a movement that began in the 1990s. His efforts contributed to the EU's eventual ban on routine farm antibiotic use and the founding of the Alliance to Save Our Antibiotics.
Young was involved with British Organic Farmers and the Organic Growers' Association, and played a key role in developing organic livestock standards for the Soil Association. Young's work was recognized in various media outlets, including BBC Radio 4, and he was a frequent speaker at farming conferences.
At his family's farm, Kite's Nest, Young implemented organic farming practices early on, influencing the sector significantly. His farm was noted for its approach to animal husbandry and biodiversity.
His final work, on the role of grazing animals in sustainable food systems, was published posthumously.
Young died in 2023. | [
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"paragraph_id": 0,
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},
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"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Born in Moreton-in-Marsh, Cotswolds, Young was raised in a farming family, where he developed an early interest in agriculture. He initially practiced conventional farming methods at Swell Hill Farm, which he took over after declining a university education in veterinary medicine.",
"title": "Biography"
},
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"text": "His transition to organic farming was influenced by personal experiences, including his mother's health issues and an encounter with Sam Mayall, a proponent of organic farming. This change marked a significant shift in his career towards sustainable agriculture and animal welfare advocacy.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Young was known for his campaigns against the misuse of antibiotics in intensive farming, a movement that began in the 1990s. His efforts contributed to the EU's eventual ban on routine farm antibiotic use and the founding of the Alliance to Save Our Antibiotics.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Young was involved with British Organic Farmers and the Organic Growers' Association, and played a key role in developing organic livestock standards for the Soil Association. Young's work was recognized in various media outlets, including BBC Radio 4, and he was a frequent speaker at farming conferences.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "At his family's farm, Kite's Nest, Young implemented organic farming practices early on, influencing the sector significantly. His farm was noted for its approach to animal husbandry and biodiversity.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "His final work, on the role of grazing animals in sustainable food systems, was published posthumously.",
"title": "Biography"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Young died in 2023.",
"title": "Biography"
}
] | Richard Young was a British activist. | 2023-12-17T17:59:49Z | 2023-12-31T23:32:15Z | [
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75,586,662 | The Painter (2024 film) | The Painter is an upcoming American action thriller film, directed by Kimani Ray Smith and written by Brian Buccellato. It stars Charlie Weber, Jon Voight, Marie Avgeropoulos, Max Montesi, Rryla McIntosh, and Luisa D'Oliveira.
The Painter is scheduled to be released in the United States on January 5, 2024.
An ex-CIA operative is thrown back into a dangerous world when a mysterious woman from his past resurfaces. Now exposed and targeted by a relentless killer and a rogue black ops program, he must rely on skills he thought he left behind in a high-stakes game of survival.
In late November 2023, it was announced that Republic Pictures had acquired the rights to The Painter, an action thriller film directed by Kimani Ray Smith from SP Media Group for Paramount Global Content Distribution.
The Painter is scheduled to be released theatrically in the United States on January 5, 2024. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The Painter is an upcoming American action thriller film, directed by Kimani Ray Smith and written by Brian Buccellato. It stars Charlie Weber, Jon Voight, Marie Avgeropoulos, Max Montesi, Rryla McIntosh, and Luisa D'Oliveira.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The Painter is scheduled to be released in the United States on January 5, 2024.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "An ex-CIA operative is thrown back into a dangerous world when a mysterious woman from his past resurfaces. Now exposed and targeted by a relentless killer and a rogue black ops program, he must rely on skills he thought he left behind in a high-stakes game of survival.",
"title": "Premise"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In late November 2023, it was announced that Republic Pictures had acquired the rights to The Painter, an action thriller film directed by Kimani Ray Smith from SP Media Group for Paramount Global Content Distribution.",
"title": "Production"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The Painter is scheduled to be released theatrically in the United States on January 5, 2024.",
"title": "Release"
}
] | The Painter is an upcoming American action thriller film, directed by Kimani Ray Smith and written by Brian Buccellato. It stars Charlie Weber, Jon Voight, Marie Avgeropoulos, Max Montesi, Rryla McIntosh, and Luisa D'Oliveira. The Painter is scheduled to be released in the United States on January 5, 2024. | 2023-12-17T18:00:37Z | 2023-12-24T15:32:12Z | [
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75,586,670 | Matti Lonkainen | Matti Pekanpoika Lonkainen (14 April 1874 – 14 November 1918) was a Finnish smallholder, politician and member of the Parliament of Finland, the national legislature of Finland. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he represented Kuopio Province East between June 1909 and May 1918. He died in captivity following the Finnish Civil War.
Lonkainen was born on 14 April 1874 in Tohmajärvi in the south-east of the Grand Duchy of Finland. Following the death of his father in 1880 Lonkainen was forced to beg. He worked on the railways, as a stonemason and as farm worker in Tohmajärvi. He was a smallholder in Värtsilä.
Lonkainen was married to Helena. Their daughter Kerttu died in August 1907 aged eight months.
Lonkainen joined the Social Democratic Party (SDP) around 1904. He was elected to the Parliament of Finland at the 1909 parliamentary election. He was re-elected at the 1910, 1911, 1913, 1916 and 1917 parliamentary elections.
Following the Finnish Revolution, Lonkainen was elected to the Central Workers' Council of Finland, the legislature of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (the Reds), without his knowledge or consent. He did not attend any session of the Central Workers' Council.
In April 1918, as the bitter Finnish Civil War drew to a conclusion, leading SDP members who had not participated in the revolution, including Lonkainen, published a declaration condemning the revolutionaries. This did not protect Lonkainen from the retribution meted out against SDP members by the victorious Whites following the end of the civil war.
In early May 1918 the Whites published a list of leaders of the "Red Rebellion" (the failed Finnish Revolution) which included 37 SDP MPs: Lonkainen was included on the list due to his membership of the Central Workers' Council. On 14 May 1918 White prosecutor Immi Savonius announded that 56 SDP MPs, including Lonkainen, would be charged with treason and ordered their arrest. Lonkainen and five other SDP MPs submitted a notice to the White parliamentary authorities stating that they had not taken part in the rebellion.
Lonkainen was arrested on 16 May 1918 by White military intelligence in front of the parliament building while on the way to a parliamentary session. He was taken initially to intelligence headquarters on Vuorimiehenkatu 1 before being imprisoned in Helsinki County Prison. Lonkainen denied the charge of rebellion during interrogation by the city prosecutor Adolf Mesterton. The prosecutor gave written testimony that Lonkainen's statements were credible.
The White authorities continued with Lonkainen prosecution for treason despite Mesterton's testimony. They claimed that he was involved the production and approval of the Me vaadimme (We Demand) declaration published by the SDP on 1 November 1917. The also claimed that he was aware that there was a threat of rebellion, that he agitated for rebellion and that he belonged to the Central Workers' Council, the highest council of the revolutionaries. Lonkainen denied ever attending a session of the Central Workers' Council and claimed that he had never agitated for rebellion and that he had opposed Me vaadimme internally. On 12 October 1918 the 28th Department of the State Criminal Court (Valtiorikosoikeus) handed down sentences to 40 SDP MPs for treason and high treason. Lonkainen was found guilty of preparation for high treason and sentenced to two years imprisonment and lost his civic rights for six years.
Lonkainen had been ill for some time and was transferred from Sörnäinen Prison to Helsinki Surgical Hospital where he died on 14 November 1918. According to the White medical authorities his death had been caused by appendicitis. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Matti Pekanpoika Lonkainen (14 April 1874 – 14 November 1918) was a Finnish smallholder, politician and member of the Parliament of Finland, the national legislature of Finland. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he represented Kuopio Province East between June 1909 and May 1918. He died in captivity following the Finnish Civil War.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Lonkainen was born on 14 April 1874 in Tohmajärvi in the south-east of the Grand Duchy of Finland. Following the death of his father in 1880 Lonkainen was forced to beg. He worked on the railways, as a stonemason and as farm worker in Tohmajärvi. He was a smallholder in Värtsilä.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Lonkainen was married to Helena. Their daughter Kerttu died in August 1907 aged eight months.",
"title": "Early life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Lonkainen joined the Social Democratic Party (SDP) around 1904. He was elected to the Parliament of Finland at the 1909 parliamentary election. He was re-elected at the 1910, 1911, 1913, 1916 and 1917 parliamentary elections.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Following the Finnish Revolution, Lonkainen was elected to the Central Workers' Council of Finland, the legislature of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (the Reds), without his knowledge or consent. He did not attend any session of the Central Workers' Council.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In April 1918, as the bitter Finnish Civil War drew to a conclusion, leading SDP members who had not participated in the revolution, including Lonkainen, published a declaration condemning the revolutionaries. This did not protect Lonkainen from the retribution meted out against SDP members by the victorious Whites following the end of the civil war.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In early May 1918 the Whites published a list of leaders of the \"Red Rebellion\" (the failed Finnish Revolution) which included 37 SDP MPs: Lonkainen was included on the list due to his membership of the Central Workers' Council. On 14 May 1918 White prosecutor Immi Savonius announded that 56 SDP MPs, including Lonkainen, would be charged with treason and ordered their arrest. Lonkainen and five other SDP MPs submitted a notice to the White parliamentary authorities stating that they had not taken part in the rebellion.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Lonkainen was arrested on 16 May 1918 by White military intelligence in front of the parliament building while on the way to a parliamentary session. He was taken initially to intelligence headquarters on Vuorimiehenkatu 1 before being imprisoned in Helsinki County Prison. Lonkainen denied the charge of rebellion during interrogation by the city prosecutor Adolf Mesterton. The prosecutor gave written testimony that Lonkainen's statements were credible.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The White authorities continued with Lonkainen prosecution for treason despite Mesterton's testimony. They claimed that he was involved the production and approval of the Me vaadimme (We Demand) declaration published by the SDP on 1 November 1917. The also claimed that he was aware that there was a threat of rebellion, that he agitated for rebellion and that he belonged to the Central Workers' Council, the highest council of the revolutionaries. Lonkainen denied ever attending a session of the Central Workers' Council and claimed that he had never agitated for rebellion and that he had opposed Me vaadimme internally. On 12 October 1918 the 28th Department of the State Criminal Court (Valtiorikosoikeus) handed down sentences to 40 SDP MPs for treason and high treason. Lonkainen was found guilty of preparation for high treason and sentenced to two years imprisonment and lost his civic rights for six years.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "Lonkainen had been ill for some time and was transferred from Sörnäinen Prison to Helsinki Surgical Hospital where he died on 14 November 1918. According to the White medical authorities his death had been caused by appendicitis.",
"title": "Politics, civil war and death"
}
] | Matti Pekanpoika Lonkainen was a Finnish smallholder, politician and member of the Parliament of Finland, the national legislature of Finland. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he represented Kuopio Province East between June 1909 and May 1918. He died in captivity following the Finnish Civil War. | 2023-12-17T18:01:45Z | 2023-12-26T16:22:53Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matti_Lonkainen |
75,586,683 | Fight'N Rage | Fight'N Rage is a side-scrolling beat 'em up game developed and published by SebaGamesDev. It was released for Windows in 2017, and received subsequent ports for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. The game received generally positive reviews, and it is frequently cited as one of the best beat 'em ups of recent years.
Fight'N Rage is a side-scrolling beat 'em up in which up to three players locally fight against waves of enemies, aided by disposable weapons and item pickups. Alongside standard attacks, throws, and dashing attacks, each player character has a set of special attacks that can be performed at the cost of some health. Alternatively, players have a meter that fills with time and allows them to use a special move free of cost. Reminiscent of the fighting game genre, the game features unusually fluid controls for a beat 'em up, enabling the player to rapidly move about the screen and string together enormous combo attacks. Also inspired by fighting games, the game features a parry mechanic that enables the player to not only deflect an incoming attack, but instantly refill their special attack meter.
The main gameplay mode, Arcade Mode, sees players going through a series of levels as the story is told, with several branching pathways enabling the player to experience a different sequence of levels and one of eight possible endings. Set in a fictional world where humans are locked in bitter war with mutants - a race of anthropomorphic animals - the game features three playable characters seeking to confront and defeat the mutant rebellion's evil leader. Players have a limited number of lives, but they can earn more by earning a certain number of points. If all players lose all of their lives, they will have to retry the segment where they died from the beginning. Players receive points based on their performance, which are converted to coins on game over or completing the game. Coins can be spent to purchase numerous unlockable outfits and game modes. The game also tracks, stores, and displays speedrunning statistics for your given route and character selection.
The game features six difficulty levels and numerous alternative game modes. Training Mode offers a set of tutorials teaching the player how to perform various moves, combos, and advanced techniques. Practice Mode enables the player to select and play any stage they've previously encountered. Battle Mode allows the player to fight one-on-one against a human or CPU opponent. Time Attack presents the player with a set of enemies, and grades them on how quickly they defeat them. In Score Attack, the player attempts to score as many points as possible within a time limit. In Survival Mode, the player encounters waves of enemies, and is graded on how many waves they survive.
The game features three main playable characters: a female martial artist named Gal, a male ninja named F.Norris, and a minotaur named Ricardo. All three have extremely distinct movesets, with Gal and F.Norris favoring fast-paced combat and huge combos, while Ricardo employs more of a brute strength wrestling style. As an unlockable feature, the game also allows the player to control basically any enemy in the game, albeit these characters have narrower movesets than the main cast. Enemy characters can be used in most of the secondary game modes, or in Arcade Mode by entering a secret code.
Fight'N Rage was developed by SebaGamesDev - essentially a one-man development team consisting of Sebastián García. It is SebaGameDev's first (and to date only) published game, and García performed basically all aspects of its development except for the soundtrack (composed by Gonzalo Varela) and playtesting.
In an interview for Game Developer, García described the game's development history in detail: García began his first job in the video game industry in 2005 as a pixel artist for Uruguayan game developer Batoví Games. During that time, he built simple game prototypes and learned to program in Java, ActionScript, C#, and XNA.
He also worked on two beat em up prototypes: "Master Ninja Fighter" (indepentently) and "Super Vampire Ninja Zero" (with two of his collegues). These projects were important stepping stones in developing "Fight'N Rage", and the prototypes contained many aspects that García would refine in his later game, including the graphical style and combo- and parry-heavy gameplay.
Years later, García left Batoví to develop games independently, living with the support of his significant other, Giselle. After first working on and abandoning a game called "Dreamnesia", García shifted his focus to "Fight'N Rage". During his time developing "Fight'N Rage", García says that the couple endured considerable hardship, but that "I got into that project and didn't give myself the right to cancel it".
The game contains many noticeable callbacks to classic beat em ups and fighting games, both in terms of gameplay and presentation. García stated, “as a developer, I tried to gather the characteristics of the best games of the genre that were launched during the 80s and 90s, integrated and implemented them in the most elegant way that I could possible [sic] make”.
Regarding the game's challenge, he stated that the "goal was to offer the experience that I usually enjoy in video games, I like when the player has to constantly evaluate what is the best decision to take… while considering risks and rewards based on his own skills”.
The game's soundtrack consists of over 40 songs, composed entirely by Gonzalo Varela. The music spans a diverse range of genres, fitting the various setting and scenarios in the game. The soundtrack is also available for separate purchase on Steam (service).
García first recruited Varela to work with him on "Dreamnesia", which he eventually abandoned due to "feature creep". However, he continued to work with Varela on the new soundtrack.
As a point of reference, García says he sent Varela samples of songs he liked from various other fighting games and beat em ups. Typical of those games, Varela composed a large amount of "rock and instrumental metal" for Fight'N Rage. However, García says that in order to give "a break between the more intense tracks", the soundtrack also contains numerous "elements of jazz, funk, flamenco, Latin American music, experimental and classical music".
To aid Varela's composition, García provided him a script to "load the game at a certain point and thus test how the different music pieces fitted [sic] while playing the game itself".
The game was released for Windows on September 19, 2017. Subsequent home console releases included the Nintendo Switch PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. These console ports were handled by BlitWorks.
Fight'N Rage received "generally favorable" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Joel Couture of CGMagazine wrote that "Fight’N Rage easily deserves a spot alongside Streets of Rage, Double Dragon, and Final Fight, offering extremely satisfying action, sharp foes, deep movesets, solid music, and delightful punches". Regarding the Switch port, PJ O'Reilly of Nintendolife wrote, "Its surprisingly deep and satisfyingly weighty combat engine combined with three strong and varied player characters and a host of cleverly-designed enemies elevate it above the usual button-mashing experience perhaps expected of entries in this genre". | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Fight'N Rage is a side-scrolling beat 'em up game developed and published by SebaGamesDev. It was released for Windows in 2017, and received subsequent ports for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. The game received generally positive reviews, and it is frequently cited as one of the best beat 'em ups of recent years.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Fight'N Rage is a side-scrolling beat 'em up in which up to three players locally fight against waves of enemies, aided by disposable weapons and item pickups. Alongside standard attacks, throws, and dashing attacks, each player character has a set of special attacks that can be performed at the cost of some health. Alternatively, players have a meter that fills with time and allows them to use a special move free of cost. Reminiscent of the fighting game genre, the game features unusually fluid controls for a beat 'em up, enabling the player to rapidly move about the screen and string together enormous combo attacks. Also inspired by fighting games, the game features a parry mechanic that enables the player to not only deflect an incoming attack, but instantly refill their special attack meter.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The main gameplay mode, Arcade Mode, sees players going through a series of levels as the story is told, with several branching pathways enabling the player to experience a different sequence of levels and one of eight possible endings. Set in a fictional world where humans are locked in bitter war with mutants - a race of anthropomorphic animals - the game features three playable characters seeking to confront and defeat the mutant rebellion's evil leader. Players have a limited number of lives, but they can earn more by earning a certain number of points. If all players lose all of their lives, they will have to retry the segment where they died from the beginning. Players receive points based on their performance, which are converted to coins on game over or completing the game. Coins can be spent to purchase numerous unlockable outfits and game modes. The game also tracks, stores, and displays speedrunning statistics for your given route and character selection.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "The game features six difficulty levels and numerous alternative game modes. Training Mode offers a set of tutorials teaching the player how to perform various moves, combos, and advanced techniques. Practice Mode enables the player to select and play any stage they've previously encountered. Battle Mode allows the player to fight one-on-one against a human or CPU opponent. Time Attack presents the player with a set of enemies, and grades them on how quickly they defeat them. In Score Attack, the player attempts to score as many points as possible within a time limit. In Survival Mode, the player encounters waves of enemies, and is graded on how many waves they survive.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The game features three main playable characters: a female martial artist named Gal, a male ninja named F.Norris, and a minotaur named Ricardo. All three have extremely distinct movesets, with Gal and F.Norris favoring fast-paced combat and huge combos, while Ricardo employs more of a brute strength wrestling style. As an unlockable feature, the game also allows the player to control basically any enemy in the game, albeit these characters have narrower movesets than the main cast. Enemy characters can be used in most of the secondary game modes, or in Arcade Mode by entering a secret code.",
"title": "Gameplay"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Fight'N Rage was developed by SebaGamesDev - essentially a one-man development team consisting of Sebastián García. It is SebaGameDev's first (and to date only) published game, and García performed basically all aspects of its development except for the soundtrack (composed by Gonzalo Varela) and playtesting.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "In an interview for Game Developer, García described the game's development history in detail: García began his first job in the video game industry in 2005 as a pixel artist for Uruguayan game developer Batoví Games. During that time, he built simple game prototypes and learned to program in Java, ActionScript, C#, and XNA.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "He also worked on two beat em up prototypes: \"Master Ninja Fighter\" (indepentently) and \"Super Vampire Ninja Zero\" (with two of his collegues). These projects were important stepping stones in developing \"Fight'N Rage\", and the prototypes contained many aspects that García would refine in his later game, including the graphical style and combo- and parry-heavy gameplay.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "Years later, García left Batoví to develop games independently, living with the support of his significant other, Giselle. After first working on and abandoning a game called \"Dreamnesia\", García shifted his focus to \"Fight'N Rage\". During his time developing \"Fight'N Rage\", García says that the couple endured considerable hardship, but that \"I got into that project and didn't give myself the right to cancel it\".",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 9,
"text": "The game contains many noticeable callbacks to classic beat em ups and fighting games, both in terms of gameplay and presentation. García stated, “as a developer, I tried to gather the characteristics of the best games of the genre that were launched during the 80s and 90s, integrated and implemented them in the most elegant way that I could possible [sic] make”.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 10,
"text": "Regarding the game's challenge, he stated that the \"goal was to offer the experience that I usually enjoy in video games, I like when the player has to constantly evaluate what is the best decision to take… while considering risks and rewards based on his own skills”.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 11,
"text": "The game's soundtrack consists of over 40 songs, composed entirely by Gonzalo Varela. The music spans a diverse range of genres, fitting the various setting and scenarios in the game. The soundtrack is also available for separate purchase on Steam (service).",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 12,
"text": "García first recruited Varela to work with him on \"Dreamnesia\", which he eventually abandoned due to \"feature creep\". However, he continued to work with Varela on the new soundtrack.",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 13,
"text": "As a point of reference, García says he sent Varela samples of songs he liked from various other fighting games and beat em ups. Typical of those games, Varela composed a large amount of \"rock and instrumental metal\" for Fight'N Rage. However, García says that in order to give \"a break between the more intense tracks\", the soundtrack also contains numerous \"elements of jazz, funk, flamenco, Latin American music, experimental and classical music\".",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 14,
"text": "To aid Varela's composition, García provided him a script to \"load the game at a certain point and thus test how the different music pieces fitted [sic] while playing the game itself\".",
"title": "Development"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 15,
"text": "The game was released for Windows on September 19, 2017. Subsequent home console releases included the Nintendo Switch PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. These console ports were handled by BlitWorks.",
"title": "Release"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 16,
"text": "Fight'N Rage received \"generally favorable\" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic. Joel Couture of CGMagazine wrote that \"Fight’N Rage easily deserves a spot alongside Streets of Rage, Double Dragon, and Final Fight, offering extremely satisfying action, sharp foes, deep movesets, solid music, and delightful punches\". Regarding the Switch port, PJ O'Reilly of Nintendolife wrote, \"Its surprisingly deep and satisfyingly weighty combat engine combined with three strong and varied player characters and a host of cleverly-designed enemies elevate it above the usual button-mashing experience perhaps expected of entries in this genre\".",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | Fight'N Rage is a side-scrolling beat 'em up game developed and published by SebaGamesDev. It was released for Windows in 2017, and received subsequent ports for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. The game received generally positive reviews, and it is frequently cited as one of the best beat 'em ups of recent years. | 2023-12-17T18:03:19Z | 2023-12-28T04:42:05Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fight%27N_Rage |
75,586,703 | Ravi Namade | Ravi Namade was an Indian film director known for Ek Daav Bhutacha, which he received for many accolades for Best direction including Maharashtra State Film Award, Baburao Painter Award (second price). Namade also worked as an assistant director for the films Deewar (1975), Trishul (1978), Kaala Patthar (1979), Silsila (1981) with Bollywood film producer and director Yash Chopra.
Ravi Namade was died in Pune, Maharashtra aged 65. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ravi Namade was an Indian film director known for Ek Daav Bhutacha, which he received for many accolades for Best direction including Maharashtra State Film Award, Baburao Painter Award (second price). Namade also worked as an assistant director for the films Deewar (1975), Trishul (1978), Kaala Patthar (1979), Silsila (1981) with Bollywood film producer and director Yash Chopra.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ravi Namade was died in Pune, Maharashtra aged 65.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Ravi Namade was an Indian film director known for Ek Daav Bhutacha, which he received for many accolades for Best direction including Maharashtra State Film Award, Baburao Painter Award. Namade also worked as an assistant director for the films Deewar (1975), Trishul (1978), Kaala Patthar (1979), Silsila (1981) with Bollywood film producer and director Yash Chopra. | 2023-12-17T18:05:42Z | 2023-12-18T03:29:03Z | [
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"Template:Cite web",
"Template:IMDb name"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravi_Namade |
75,586,718 | Gurbux Singh (Brigadier) | Brigadier Gurbux Singh (1916–2013) was an Indian Army General Officer who had fought in various wars such as the Annexation of Goa and was famed in his role in the 1962 Sino-Indian War and the retreat of the Bomdila Pass.
Brigadier Singh was the commander of the 48th infantry brigade, which was responsible for surrender of the Portuguese Army including Governor-General Manuel António Vassalo e Silva, attacking from East Goa and coordinating to enclose the area by use of the Indian Navy's ships. He was also in charge of the Portuguese prisoners of war after the war had been put to an end.
During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, he commanded Bomdila, although was told it had no importance, political or military. All eyes at the time were on Sela. In a 16-company brigade position, he was left with four companies; his other troops were milked despite his protests. Brigadier Gurbux Singh stated that fighting running battles rather than holding the fortresses, which were Sela and Bomdila, and that sending troops out in penny packets from prepared positions rather than concentrating them in defence led to the Indian Army's undoing.
They caught a battalion of the People's Liberation Army's special forces in a classic killing ground scenario and with guns of 6 Field Regiment and 22 Mountain Regiment firing at intense rates killed some 300–400 Chinese soldiers. However, the battalion on running out of ammunition was allowed to withdraw. Inexplicably, 5 Guards apprehending that the Chinese had inserted themselves between them and Bomdila made for the plains and safety, and one battalion was sent on the road to Bhutan.
Right after the action Singh was recalled to General Kaul, and his hurried departure from Bomdila created a great deal of confusion. While his party was on its way to Rupa, the main body of 3 Jammu & Kashmir Rifles was making for Bomdila by a different route, only to be fired upon by the Chinese.
He resigned from the Indian Army after the Henderson Brooks Report for unknown reasons. The report was not released to the public, although it was leaked much later, after he had resigned from the Indian Army. Subsequent Governments have refused to declassify the report over the decades.
He became a philanthropist later on and donated a block to the Pingalwara Foundation in Amritsar, assistance to Parveen Talha's Trust in Lucknow, gave a block for Tamanna school for special children, a block of flats next to Guru Tegh Bahadur hospital to accommodate families of patients, a block in Bapsy Nariman's clinic, a mini hospital in Lahori Gate and now hospital in rural Delhi to cater to the needs of a cluster of villages.
He owned the colony named Sujan Singh Park in New Delhi.
He passed away in New Delhi at the age of 97. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Brigadier Gurbux Singh (1916–2013) was an Indian Army General Officer who had fought in various wars such as the Annexation of Goa and was famed in his role in the 1962 Sino-Indian War and the retreat of the Bomdila Pass.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Brigadier Singh was the commander of the 48th infantry brigade, which was responsible for surrender of the Portuguese Army including Governor-General Manuel António Vassalo e Silva, attacking from East Goa and coordinating to enclose the area by use of the Indian Navy's ships. He was also in charge of the Portuguese prisoners of war after the war had been put to an end.",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, he commanded Bomdila, although was told it had no importance, political or military. All eyes at the time were on Sela. In a 16-company brigade position, he was left with four companies; his other troops were milked despite his protests. Brigadier Gurbux Singh stated that fighting running battles rather than holding the fortresses, which were Sela and Bomdila, and that sending troops out in penny packets from prepared positions rather than concentrating them in defence led to the Indian Army's undoing.",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "They caught a battalion of the People's Liberation Army's special forces in a classic killing ground scenario and with guns of 6 Field Regiment and 22 Mountain Regiment firing at intense rates killed some 300–400 Chinese soldiers. However, the battalion on running out of ammunition was allowed to withdraw. Inexplicably, 5 Guards apprehending that the Chinese had inserted themselves between them and Bomdila made for the plains and safety, and one battalion was sent on the road to Bhutan.",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Right after the action Singh was recalled to General Kaul, and his hurried departure from Bomdila created a great deal of confusion. While his party was on its way to Rupa, the main body of 3 Jammu & Kashmir Rifles was making for Bomdila by a different route, only to be fired upon by the Chinese.",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "He resigned from the Indian Army after the Henderson Brooks Report for unknown reasons. The report was not released to the public, although it was leaked much later, after he had resigned from the Indian Army. Subsequent Governments have refused to declassify the report over the decades.",
"title": "Military career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "He became a philanthropist later on and donated a block to the Pingalwara Foundation in Amritsar, assistance to Parveen Talha's Trust in Lucknow, gave a block for Tamanna school for special children, a block of flats next to Guru Tegh Bahadur hospital to accommodate families of patients, a block in Bapsy Nariman's clinic, a mini hospital in Lahori Gate and now hospital in rural Delhi to cater to the needs of a cluster of villages.",
"title": "Later life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "He owned the colony named Sujan Singh Park in New Delhi.",
"title": "Later life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "He passed away in New Delhi at the age of 97.",
"title": "Death"
}
] | Brigadier Gurbux Singh (1916–2013) was an Indian Army General Officer who had fought in various wars such as the Annexation of Goa and was famed in his role in the 1962 Sino-Indian War and the retreat of the Bomdila Pass. | 2023-12-17T18:07:29Z | 2023-12-30T10:02:13Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbux_Singh_(Brigadier) |
75,586,756 | Lalru bus massacre | [] | REDIRECT [1987 Lalru bus massacre]] | 2023-12-17T18:12:03Z | 2023-12-19T08:16:40Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalru_bus_massacre |
|
75,586,779 | 2024 PWHL Toronto season | The 2024 PWHL Toronto season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Mattamy Athletic Centre in Toronto.
On September 1, 2023, PWHL Toronto hired Gina Kingsbury as their first general manager. Troy Ryan was named as Toronto's first head coach on September 15. Rachel Flanagan was hired as assistant coach on October 6. On November 28, The Hockey News reported that Toronto would play their home games at the Mattamy Athletic Centre.
On September 6, Toronto announced the signings of their first three players, Canadian national team members Sarah Nurse, Renata Fast, and Blayre Turnbull.
Notes
The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.
Bold/italics denotes franchise record. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 PWHL Toronto season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Mattamy Athletic Centre in Toronto.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "On September 1, 2023, PWHL Toronto hired Gina Kingsbury as their first general manager. Troy Ryan was named as Toronto's first head coach on September 15. Rachel Flanagan was hired as assistant coach on October 6. On November 28, The Hockey News reported that Toronto would play their home games at the Mattamy Athletic Centre.",
"title": "Offseason"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On September 6, Toronto announced the signings of their first three players, Canadian national team members Sarah Nurse, Renata Fast, and Blayre Turnbull.",
"title": "Offseason"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Notes",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "The regular season schedule was published on November 30, 2023.",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "Schedule and results"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "",
"title": "Player statistics"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "Bold/italics denotes franchise record.",
"title": "Player statistics"
}
] | The 2024 PWHL Toronto season is the team's inaugural season as a member of the newly created Professional Women's Hockey League. They play their home games at the Mattamy Athletic Centre in Toronto. | 2023-12-17T18:13:55Z | 2023-12-29T15:48:19Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_PWHL_Toronto_season |
75,586,795 | Fédération autonome de l'enseignement | The Fédération autonome de l'enseignement (FAE) is a group of nine unions representing over 66,500 teachers working in Quebec's education sector. These teachers work the realm of preschool, elementary, secondary, prison, vocational and adult education. The staffs of the Peter Hall Schools (private schools for mentally deficient students) and the Centre académique Fournier (a private school for students with an adjustment disorder), as well as 2,600 members of the FAE Retirees Association (APRFAE), are also part of the FAE.
The FAE presently has members and operates in the Montreal, Capitale-Nationale, Laval, Outaouais, Laurentian, Eastern Townships and Montérégie regions.
The FAE was originally formed in 2006 by 9 ex-unions, or 27,000 ex-members, of the Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ). They separated from the CSQ because they were disappointed with the strategies the CSQ and its teachers' unit, the Fédération des syndicats de l'enseignement, adopted, particularly in regards to the gender pay gap, the implementation of an education reform, and the negotiations made to renew their collective agreement with the Quebec government of 2004 and 2005.
On June 28, 2006, the movement held its first federative council in Dorval, where it adopted the permanent name of Fédération autonome de l'enseignement.
Since November 23, 2023, the FAE's 66,000 affiliated members have been on an unlimited general strike. This is the first time teachers have used this pressure tactic since 1983. | [
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"text": "The FAE was originally formed in 2006 by 9 ex-unions, or 27,000 ex-members, of the Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ). They separated from the CSQ because they were disappointed with the strategies the CSQ and its teachers' unit, the Fédération des syndicats de l'enseignement, adopted, particularly in regards to the gender pay gap, the implementation of an education reform, and the negotiations made to renew their collective agreement with the Quebec government of 2004 and 2005.",
"title": "History"
},
{
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"text": "On June 28, 2006, the movement held its first federative council in Dorval, where it adopted the permanent name of Fédération autonome de l'enseignement.",
"title": "History"
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"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Since November 23, 2023, the FAE's 66,000 affiliated members have been on an unlimited general strike. This is the first time teachers have used this pressure tactic since 1983.",
"title": "History"
}
] | The Fédération autonome de l'enseignement (FAE) is a group of nine unions representing over 66,500 teachers working in Quebec's education sector. These teachers work the realm of preschool, elementary, secondary, prison, vocational and adult education. The staffs of the Peter Hall Schools and the Centre académique Fournier, as well as 2,600 members of the FAE Retirees Association (APRFAE), are also part of the FAE. The FAE presently has members and operates in the Montreal, Capitale-Nationale, Laval, Outaouais, Laurentian, Eastern Townships and Montérégie regions. | 2023-12-17T18:15:31Z | 2023-12-19T23:03:11Z | [
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75,586,815 | Gregoria Díaz | Gregoria Díaz (28 September 1964 – 27 August 2023) was a Venezuelan journalist. Díaz worked as a journalist mainly in the state of Aragua, working as a correspondent for Crónica Uno and as a member of the board of the National College of Journalists in the state.
Gregoria Díaz had a son, Eduardo. | [
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"text": "Gregoria Díaz (28 September 1964 – 27 August 2023) was a Venezuelan journalist. Díaz worked as a journalist mainly in the state of Aragua, working as a correspondent for Crónica Uno and as a member of the board of the National College of Journalists in the state.",
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] | Gregoria Díaz was a Venezuelan journalist. Díaz worked as a journalist mainly in the state of Aragua, working as a correspondent for Crónica Uno and as a member of the board of the National College of Journalists in the state. | 2023-12-17T18:19:18Z | 2023-12-18T19:58:09Z | [
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75,586,828 | Billaea adelpha | Billaea adelpha is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.
Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Austria, France, Germany, Switzerland, Kazakhstan, Israel, Russia, Transcaucasia. | [
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"text": "Billaea adelpha is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae.",
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},
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"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Austria, France, Germany, Switzerland, Kazakhstan, Israel, Russia, Transcaucasia.",
"title": "Distribution"
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] | Billaea adelpha is a species of fly in the family Tachinidae. | 2023-12-17T18:22:33Z | 2023-12-17T18:22:33Z | [
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75,586,835 | Subexponential distribution (light-tailed) | In probability theory, one definition of a subexponential distribution is as a probability distribution whose tails decay at an exponential rate, or faster: a real-valued distribution D {\displaystyle {\cal {D}}} is called subexponential if, for a random variable X ∼ D {\displaystyle X\sim {\cal {D}}} ,
The subexponential norm, ‖ ⋅ ‖ ψ 1 {\displaystyle \|\cdot \|_{\psi _{1}}} , of a random variable is defined by
This is an example of a Orlicz norm. An equivalent condition for a distribution D {\displaystyle {\cal {D}}} to be subexponential is then that ‖ X ‖ ψ 1 < ∞ . {\displaystyle \|X\|_{\psi _{1}}<\infty .}
Subexponentiality can also be expressed in the following equivalent ways: | [
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"text": "In probability theory, one definition of a subexponential distribution is as a probability distribution whose tails decay at an exponential rate, or faster: a real-valued distribution D {\\displaystyle {\\cal {D}}} is called subexponential if, for a random variable X ∼ D {\\displaystyle X\\sim {\\cal {D}}} ,",
"title": ""
},
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"text": "The subexponential norm, ‖ ⋅ ‖ ψ 1 {\\displaystyle \\|\\cdot \\|_{\\psi _{1}}} , of a random variable is defined by",
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},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "This is an example of a Orlicz norm. An equivalent condition for a distribution D {\\displaystyle {\\cal {D}}} to be subexponential is then that ‖ X ‖ ψ 1 < ∞ . {\\displaystyle \\|X\\|_{\\psi _{1}}<\\infty .}",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Subexponentiality can also be expressed in the following equivalent ways:",
"title": ""
}
] | In probability theory, one definition of a subexponential distribution is as a probability distribution whose tails decay at an exponential rate, or faster: a real-valued distribution D is called subexponential if, for a random variable X ∼ D , The subexponential norm, ‖ ⋅ ‖ ψ 1 , of a random variable is defined by This is an example of a Orlicz norm. An equivalent condition for a distribution D to be subexponential is then that ‖ X ‖ ψ 1 < ∞ . Subexponentiality can also be expressed in the following equivalent ways: P ≤ 2 e − K x , for all x ≥ 0 and some constant K > 0 . E 1 / p ≤ K p , for all p ≥ 1 and some constant K > 0 .
For some constant K > 0 , E ≤ e K λ for all 0 ≤ λ ≤ 1 / K . E exists and for some constant K > 0 , E ≤ e K 2 λ 2 for all − 1 / K ≤ λ ≤ 1 / K . | X | is sub-Gaussian. | 2023-12-17T18:24:25Z | 2023-12-24T13:21:55Z | [
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75,586,871 | List of 2023 box office number-one films in Thailand | This is a list of films which placed number one at the weekend box office for the year 2023 only in Bangkok, Metropolitan region and Chiang Mai, Thailand with the gross in Thai baht. | [
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] | This is a list of films which placed number one at the weekend box office for the year 2023 only in Bangkok, Metropolitan region and Chiang Mai, Thailand with the gross in Thai baht. | 2023-12-17T18:29:10Z | 2023-12-29T11:00:48Z | [
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75,586,897 | The Master of the Mill | The Master of the Mill is a 1946 novel by German-Canadian writer Frederick Philip Grove (1879 – 1948). The story takes place in northwestern Ontario in 1938 but via recollections, it spans several generations of the Clark family, who own a flour mill. While the Clark family introduced mechanization of their flour mill to make workers’ lives easier, the automation ended up creating a cold, isolated life for employees. The novel explores the impact of colonization and industrialization in the late nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth century in North America and it examines themes of the "Promised Land". ideal." In Salvator Proietti's article in Science Fiction Studies, he calls the novel an example of pastoral utopianism.
A respected, wealthy humanitarian and botanist, Senator Samuel Clark, recounts his life's memories as he nears the end of his life. While his time as a botanist had been a time of contribution to society, as he developed new types of plants, he feels guilty about creating a mechanized flour mill which led to his father and his son becoming dominated by their service to the company and its machines. Clark feels saddened that the Clark family's efforts to reduce the burden of work by automation of the flour mill ended up turning humans into cogs, taking away their independence and giving them relatively cold, empty lives. By the end of the novel, Clark finds a spark of hope that the human spirit can be rekindled.
The Canadian Encyclopedia calls it a “painstakingly researched, prophetic attempt to trace the effects of industrial mechanization on individuals, societies and civilization”. As well, the novel has been “criticized for being too technically demanding, with its frequently shifting time frame and points of view, and its complicated subplots.” Grove's background research for the novel was done in 1928, when he did a detailed study of the flour-milling industry. Robin Mathews' 1982 article on the novel, which analyzes the eight versions of the book, finds that “Nietzsche's "will in history" is manifested in various ways, and is less or more apparent in different versions of the novel.” In Grove's reading of modern society in North America the "pastoral ethos" in which people give up their "worldly striving in favor of a simpler, more contemplative life" (as set out in Leo Marx's works), but it also cannot be an "expansionist and Jeffersonian "industrialized version of the pastoral ideal." | [
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"title": ""
},
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"text": "A respected, wealthy humanitarian and botanist, Senator Samuel Clark, recounts his life's memories as he nears the end of his life. While his time as a botanist had been a time of contribution to society, as he developed new types of plants, he feels guilty about creating a mechanized flour mill which led to his father and his son becoming dominated by their service to the company and its machines. Clark feels saddened that the Clark family's efforts to reduce the burden of work by automation of the flour mill ended up turning humans into cogs, taking away their independence and giving them relatively cold, empty lives. By the end of the novel, Clark finds a spark of hope that the human spirit can be rekindled.",
"title": "Plot"
},
{
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"text": "The Canadian Encyclopedia calls it a “painstakingly researched, prophetic attempt to trace the effects of industrial mechanization on individuals, societies and civilization”. As well, the novel has been “criticized for being too technically demanding, with its frequently shifting time frame and points of view, and its complicated subplots.” Grove's background research for the novel was done in 1928, when he did a detailed study of the flour-milling industry. Robin Mathews' 1982 article on the novel, which analyzes the eight versions of the book, finds that “Nietzsche's \"will in history\" is manifested in various ways, and is less or more apparent in different versions of the novel.” In Grove's reading of modern society in North America the \"pastoral ethos\" in which people give up their \"worldly striving in favor of a simpler, more contemplative life\" (as set out in Leo Marx's works), but it also cannot be an \"expansionist and Jeffersonian \"industrialized version of the pastoral ideal.\"",
"title": "Reception"
}
] | The Master of the Mill is a 1946 novel by German-Canadian writer Frederick Philip Grove. The story takes place in northwestern Ontario in 1938 but via recollections, it spans several generations of the Clark family, who own a flour mill. While the Clark family introduced mechanization of their flour mill to make workers’ lives easier, the automation ended up creating a cold, isolated life for employees. The novel explores the impact of colonization and industrialization in the late nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth century in North America and it examines themes of the "Promised Land".
ideal." In Salvator Proietti's article in Science Fiction Studies, he calls the novel an example of pastoral utopianism. | 2023-12-17T18:31:29Z | 2023-12-29T00:48:52Z | [
"Template:Reflist"
] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Master_of_the_Mill |
75,586,905 | Cameron Tucker (soccer) | Cameron Tucker; (born July 15, 1999) is an American soccer forward for Utah Royals in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She is a native of Highland, Utah.
Cameron attended BYU and was a forward on the BYU Cougars women's soccer team. She totaled 43 goals and 31 assist during her collegiate career and was a critical part of the BYU offense en route to their first College Cup appearance in 2021. .
In 2021, she had her most productive season for BYU tallying 16 goals and 10 assists earning an NCAA All-American honors as wells as multiple conference and team honors. Her highlight of the season was her game winning goal against firs ranked team University of Virginia in the 2021 NCAA tournament securing the cougar's a place in the Elite Eight.
Tucker was signed as an undrafted free agent by NJ/NY Gotham FC in 2021. She appeared in 13 games in 2022.
Tucker signed with the Houston Dash in 2023 and appeared in 12 games for the Dash in 2023.
Tucker signed with the Utah Royals for the 2024 season.
Tucker is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). | [
{
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"title": ""
},
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"text": "Cameron attended BYU and was a forward on the BYU Cougars women's soccer team. She totaled 43 goals and 31 assist during her collegiate career and was a critical part of the BYU offense en route to their first College Cup appearance in 2021. .",
"title": "Early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 2021, she had her most productive season for BYU tallying 16 goals and 10 assists earning an NCAA All-American honors as wells as multiple conference and team honors. Her highlight of the season was her game winning goal against firs ranked team University of Virginia in the 2021 NCAA tournament securing the cougar's a place in the Elite Eight.",
"title": "Early years"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Tucker was signed as an undrafted free agent by NJ/NY Gotham FC in 2021. She appeared in 13 games in 2022.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Tucker signed with the Houston Dash in 2023 and appeared in 12 games for the Dash in 2023.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "Tucker signed with the Utah Royals for the 2024 season.",
"title": "Playing career"
},
{
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"text": "Tucker is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).",
"title": "Personal life"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | Cameron Tucker; is an American soccer forward for Utah Royals in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She is a native of Highland, Utah. | 2023-12-17T18:32:22Z | 2023-12-28T03:47:37Z | [
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75,586,925 | Airrack | Eric Decker (born January 12, 1997), known online as Airrack, is an American YouTube vlogger known for his challenge and prank content, and for gaining a million subscribers in a year. He is also co-founder of Creator Now, an educational program for online content creation.
According to Decker, he first discovered YouTube when he was in fifth grade and was inspired to film a music video for the Flo Rida song "Low". He later went to college but dropped out to start a wedding video production company. He worked there for four years before becoming a full-time YouTuber.
Decker launched his YouTube channel in July 2019. He became known for videos gate crashing events, including Tomorrowland music festival, the VIP section of a Travis Scott concert, and an attempt to crash Justin Bieber's wedding in September 2019. Creating vlogs, pranks and challenge videos, he gained 880,000 subscribers by December 2020. Aiming to reach a million subscribers by the end of the year, he partnered with creator startup Stir for a campaign for subscribers in which he stranded himself on a deserted island. Stir set up a website called Save Airrack which provided a referral system for fans to refer new subscribers to his channel for rewards such as thank you letters, the opportunity to feature in collaboration videos, and the ability to choose a design for Decker to have as a tattoo. He successfully reached a million subscribers on December 27 after having gained 250,000 subscribers within two weeks.
Decker continued to create prank and social experiment videos into 2021, including a May video in which he hired over 50 bodyguards to convince people that he was a celebrity. In November 2021, Decker hosted a MrBeast-inspired ping pong tournament called XTreme Pong, which featured influencer competitors, a $120,000 prize and crypto elements including NFTs auctioned through OpenSea. That December he participated in the third installment of MrBeast's YouTube Originals show Creator Games for a prize of $1 million. Zach King won the competition but later donated $55,000 of the prize money to a charity of Decker's choice, the Atlanta Community Food Bank, after Decker agreed to eat hot wings with a heat of 3 million Scoville units.
In January 2022, KTLA 5 reported on an unknown man scaling a building in downtown Los Angeles dressed as Spider-Man. Decker claimed that he had climbed the building in an attempt to gain the attention of Marvel so they would cast him as the character in their next Spider-Man film. He told Insider that the stunt was "dead serious" and that he was "here to get a part — any part — in a Marvel movie and I will not stop until the mission is accomplished". In September 2022, Decker was a keynote speaker at the annual VidSummit conference where he spoke about the creator economy. That same November, he was invited to join FaZe Clan by MrBeast. He hosted the 12th Streamy Awards on December 4, 2022, which was livestreamed exclusively to his YouTube channel. Decker reached 10 million subscribers in 2022, hitting the milestone in under three years.
In January 2023, Pizza Hut collaborated with Decker to create the world's largest pizza, breaking the Guinness World Record with a 13,990-square-foot pizza. The pizza's 68,000 slices were donated to local food banks in Los Angeles once the record was documented by Guinness. The pizza was used in Pizza Hut's Super Bowl commercial for the return of its "Big New Yorker". Decker's gate crashing videos continued into 2023 with a May video in which he bypassed security at the Crypto.com Arena by impersonating Austin Reaves. In September 2023, Decker signed with United Talent Agency.
In May 2021, Decker co-founded Creator Now, an educational program for online content creation, with One Day Entertainment managers Zack Honarvar and Kate Ward. It raised $3 million of funding from investors including Upfront Ventures, Casey Neistat, Justin Kan, and Jack Conte. | [
{
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"text": "Eric Decker (born January 12, 1997), known online as Airrack, is an American YouTube vlogger known for his challenge and prank content, and for gaining a million subscribers in a year. He is also co-founder of Creator Now, an educational program for online content creation.",
"title": ""
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"title": "Early life"
},
{
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"text": "Decker launched his YouTube channel in July 2019. He became known for videos gate crashing events, including Tomorrowland music festival, the VIP section of a Travis Scott concert, and an attempt to crash Justin Bieber's wedding in September 2019. Creating vlogs, pranks and challenge videos, he gained 880,000 subscribers by December 2020. Aiming to reach a million subscribers by the end of the year, he partnered with creator startup Stir for a campaign for subscribers in which he stranded himself on a deserted island. Stir set up a website called Save Airrack which provided a referral system for fans to refer new subscribers to his channel for rewards such as thank you letters, the opportunity to feature in collaboration videos, and the ability to choose a design for Decker to have as a tattoo. He successfully reached a million subscribers on December 27 after having gained 250,000 subscribers within two weeks.",
"title": "YouTube career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Decker continued to create prank and social experiment videos into 2021, including a May video in which he hired over 50 bodyguards to convince people that he was a celebrity. In November 2021, Decker hosted a MrBeast-inspired ping pong tournament called XTreme Pong, which featured influencer competitors, a $120,000 prize and crypto elements including NFTs auctioned through OpenSea. That December he participated in the third installment of MrBeast's YouTube Originals show Creator Games for a prize of $1 million. Zach King won the competition but later donated $55,000 of the prize money to a charity of Decker's choice, the Atlanta Community Food Bank, after Decker agreed to eat hot wings with a heat of 3 million Scoville units.",
"title": "YouTube career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In January 2022, KTLA 5 reported on an unknown man scaling a building in downtown Los Angeles dressed as Spider-Man. Decker claimed that he had climbed the building in an attempt to gain the attention of Marvel so they would cast him as the character in their next Spider-Man film. He told Insider that the stunt was \"dead serious\" and that he was \"here to get a part — any part — in a Marvel movie and I will not stop until the mission is accomplished\". In September 2022, Decker was a keynote speaker at the annual VidSummit conference where he spoke about the creator economy. That same November, he was invited to join FaZe Clan by MrBeast. He hosted the 12th Streamy Awards on December 4, 2022, which was livestreamed exclusively to his YouTube channel. Decker reached 10 million subscribers in 2022, hitting the milestone in under three years.",
"title": "YouTube career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "In January 2023, Pizza Hut collaborated with Decker to create the world's largest pizza, breaking the Guinness World Record with a 13,990-square-foot pizza. The pizza's 68,000 slices were donated to local food banks in Los Angeles once the record was documented by Guinness. The pizza was used in Pizza Hut's Super Bowl commercial for the return of its \"Big New Yorker\". Decker's gate crashing videos continued into 2023 with a May video in which he bypassed security at the Crypto.com Arena by impersonating Austin Reaves. In September 2023, Decker signed with United Talent Agency.",
"title": "YouTube career"
},
{
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"text": "In May 2021, Decker co-founded Creator Now, an educational program for online content creation, with One Day Entertainment managers Zack Honarvar and Kate Ward. It raised $3 million of funding from investors including Upfront Ventures, Casey Neistat, Justin Kan, and Jack Conte.",
"title": "Creator Now"
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] | Eric Decker, known online as Airrack, is an American YouTube vlogger known for his challenge and prank content, and for gaining a million subscribers in a year. He is also co-founder of Creator Now, an educational program for online content creation. | 2022-04-16T06:15:46Z | 2023-12-28T18:38:27Z | [
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75,586,947 | Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d'Orcy | Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d’Orcy, ( January 8, 1737 t, Sens, - June 10, 1793 , in Paris, ) was a French entomologist and . mineralogist.
In 1788, he was receiver general of finances of the generality of Châlons-en-Champagne and lived in Paris at [[Place Vendôme’’ inthe parish of St-Roch. He was married to Madeleine Marie Anne Delamonnoie. He assembled an important natural history collection in his home on Place Vendôme. A naturalist and patron, he had his rich collection described by Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle and supported the publication of works by contemporary naturalists such as Guillaume-Antoine Olivier. | [
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"text": "Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d’Orcy, ( January 8, 1737 t, Sens, - June 10, 1793 , in Paris, ) was a French entomologist and . mineralogist.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "In 1788, he was receiver general of finances of the generality of Châlons-en-Champagne and lived in Paris at [[Place Vendôme’’ inthe parish of St-Roch. He was married to Madeleine Marie Anne Delamonnoie. He assembled an important natural history collection in his home on Place Vendôme. A naturalist and patron, he had his rich collection described by Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle and supported the publication of works by contemporary naturalists such as Guillaume-Antoine Olivier.",
"title": ""
}
] | Jean-Baptiste-François Gigot d’Orcy, was a French entomologist and. mineralogist. In 1788, he was receiver general of finances of the generality of Châlons-en-Champagne and lived in Paris at [[Place Vendôme’’ inthe parish of St-Roch. He was married to Madeleine Marie Anne Delamonnoie. He assembled an important natural history collection in his home on Place Vendôme. A naturalist and patron, he had his rich collection described by Jacques-Louis-Florentin Engramelle and supported the publication of works by contemporary naturalists such as Guillaume-Antoine Olivier. | 2023-12-17T18:36:39Z | 2023-12-18T11:13:22Z | [] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Fran%C3%A7ois_Gigot_d%27Orcy |
75,587,088 | Rosie Harper | Canon Rosie Harper is a member of the General Synod of the Church of England and Chaplain to Alan Wilson, the Bishop of Buckingham.
She has been described by Telegraph journalist John Bingham as a "prominent liberal" within the Church. An ordained priest in the Church of England since 1999, Harper has supported the ordination of women in the Anglican Communion as priests and bishops. In 2014, she was described by BBC News as a "long-standing campaigner for the promotion of women in the Church".
She has expressed support for a change in the canon law of the Church of England and revising of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 to allow same-sex marriage in the Church of England. She has also voiced support for assisted dying, a minority opinion within the Church clergy. She has also been critical of the Church turning away churchgoers (laypersons as well as clergy) wishing to pray or otherwise use church buildings during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, when such buildings were closed to prevent the spread of the virus. | [
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"text": "Canon Rosie Harper is a member of the General Synod of the Church of England and Chaplain to Alan Wilson, the Bishop of Buckingham.",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "She has been described by Telegraph journalist John Bingham as a \"prominent liberal\" within the Church. An ordained priest in the Church of England since 1999, Harper has supported the ordination of women in the Anglican Communion as priests and bishops. In 2014, she was described by BBC News as a \"long-standing campaigner for the promotion of women in the Church\".",
"title": ""
},
{
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"text": "She has expressed support for a change in the canon law of the Church of England and revising of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 to allow same-sex marriage in the Church of England. She has also voiced support for assisted dying, a minority opinion within the Church clergy. She has also been critical of the Church turning away churchgoers (laypersons as well as clergy) wishing to pray or otherwise use church buildings during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, when such buildings were closed to prevent the spread of the virus.",
"title": ""
}
] | Canon Rosie Harper is a member of the General Synod of the Church of England and Chaplain to Alan Wilson, the Bishop of Buckingham. She has been described by Telegraph journalist John Bingham as a "prominent liberal" within the Church. An ordained priest in the Church of England since 1999, Harper has supported the ordination of women in the Anglican Communion as priests and bishops. In 2014, she was described by BBC News as a "long-standing campaigner for the promotion of women in the Church". She has expressed support for a change in the canon law of the Church of England and revising of the Marriage Act 2013 to allow same-sex marriage in the Church of England. She has also voiced support for assisted dying, a minority opinion within the Church clergy. She has also been critical of the Church turning away churchgoers wishing to pray or otherwise use church buildings during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, when such buildings were closed to prevent the spread of the virus. | 2023-12-17T18:39:51Z | 2023-12-22T16:19:43Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosie_Harper |
75,587,104 | Nymphaea harleyi | Nymphaea harleyi is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil.
Nymphaea harleyi is an aquatic herb with cylindrical tubers, which are not stoloniferous. The leaf blades float on the water surface. It is ovate and has an entire and flat margin. It has actinodromous leaf venation. The 9.3−15.2 cm long and 6.5−10 cm wide leaf blades are attached to 2−4 mm wide petioles with four major, two medium, and 8 minor peripheral air canals.
The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The flowers have peduncles with five primary central and ten secondary peripheral air canals. The gynoecium is syncarpous and consists of 27−35 carpels. The clavate appendix of the carpels have an obtuse to rounded apex.
Both stolons and proliferating pseudanthia are absent.
Neither fruits nor seeds have been observed.
It was first described by C.T.Lima and Ana Maria Giulietti in 2021.
The type specimen was collected by C.T. Lima, R. Machado, A.M. Giulietti and R.M. Harley on the 3rd of February 2012 in Tocantins, Brazil.
It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis.
The specific epithet harleyi honours Prof. Dr. Raymond M. Harley of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Nymphaea harleyi is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Nymphaea harleyi is an aquatic herb with cylindrical tubers, which are not stoloniferous. The leaf blades float on the water surface. It is ovate and has an entire and flat margin. It has actinodromous leaf venation. The 9.3−15.2 cm long and 6.5−10 cm wide leaf blades are attached to 2−4 mm wide petioles with four major, two medium, and 8 minor peripheral air canals.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The nocturnal flowers float on the water surface. The flowers have peduncles with five primary central and ten secondary peripheral air canals. The gynoecium is syncarpous and consists of 27−35 carpels. The clavate appendix of the carpels have an obtuse to rounded apex.",
"title": "Description"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Both stolons and proliferating pseudanthia are absent.",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Neither fruits nor seeds have been observed.",
"title": "Reproduction"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "It was first described by C.T.Lima and Ana Maria Giulietti in 2021.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 6,
"text": "The type specimen was collected by C.T. Lima, R. Machado, A.M. Giulietti and R.M. Harley on the 3rd of February 2012 in Tocantins, Brazil.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 7,
"text": "It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Hydrocallis.",
"title": "Taxonomy"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 8,
"text": "The specific epithet harleyi honours Prof. Dr. Raymond M. Harley of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.",
"title": "Etymology"
}
] | Nymphaea harleyi is a species of waterlily endemic to Brazil. | 2023-12-17T18:42:17Z | 2023-12-23T01:56:33Z | [
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75,587,108 | Ryszard Winiarski | Ryszard Winiarski (March 2, 1936 – December 4, 2006) was a Polish painter and set designer best known for his monochromatic abstract geometric compositions and spatial forms. He has been associated with Conceptualist tendencies in Poland during 1960s and 1970s and is considered one of the key representatives of indeterminism in Polish postwar art. Winiarski's work was informed by his interest in the relationship between art and science.
Ryszard Winiarski was born in Lviv, then part of the Second Polish Republic, on March 2, 1936. He studied at the Warsaw University of Technology from 1953 to 1959, graduating with a master's degree in precision mechanics. Subsequently, he pursued studies in painting under Aleksander Kobzdej at the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts from 1958 to 1966. He later worked at the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts as a lecturer and, between 1985 and 1990, as the vice-dean. In his art, Winiarski combined constructivist principles focused on geometry with elements of probability theory. This approach included the use of certain mathematical systems to compose and create visual forms.
Winiarski experimented with chance and probability by composing abstract arrangements of small squares, initially in black-and-white and later in color. Winiarski regarded the anonymous building blocks of a small square as "statistical material" from which to build the surface of the work. In 1966, Winiarski wrote: "My ambition involves attempts at visually recording events and presenting their statistical distributions visually. The multitude of possibilities that such treatment of the image offers fascinates me". Between 1967 and 1977, Winiarski created set designs for several plays performed in Poland, including Medea by Euripides, William Shakespeare's Othello and Macbeth, among others.
In 1987, he initiated the creation of geometric compositions using lit candles, a series titled Geometry, or a Chance for Meditation. Winiarski's works are included in permanent collections of major Polish museums, including the Museum of Art in Łódź and the National Museum in Kraków. Similarly to his contemporary Roman Opałka, Winiarski dedicated the majority of his career to exploring a singular conceptual project. According to art historian and critic Bożena Kowalska, Ryszard Winiarski was among the most influential Polish artists in the second half of the twentieth century. Winiarski died in Warsaw on December 14, 2006, at the age of 70 following a long illness. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Ryszard Winiarski (March 2, 1936 – December 4, 2006) was a Polish painter and set designer best known for his monochromatic abstract geometric compositions and spatial forms. He has been associated with Conceptualist tendencies in Poland during 1960s and 1970s and is considered one of the key representatives of indeterminism in Polish postwar art. Winiarski's work was informed by his interest in the relationship between art and science.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Ryszard Winiarski was born in Lviv, then part of the Second Polish Republic, on March 2, 1936. He studied at the Warsaw University of Technology from 1953 to 1959, graduating with a master's degree in precision mechanics. Subsequently, he pursued studies in painting under Aleksander Kobzdej at the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts from 1958 to 1966. He later worked at the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts as a lecturer and, between 1985 and 1990, as the vice-dean. In his art, Winiarski combined constructivist principles focused on geometry with elements of probability theory. This approach included the use of certain mathematical systems to compose and create visual forms.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "Winiarski experimented with chance and probability by composing abstract arrangements of small squares, initially in black-and-white and later in color. Winiarski regarded the anonymous building blocks of a small square as \"statistical material\" from which to build the surface of the work. In 1966, Winiarski wrote: \"My ambition involves attempts at visually recording events and presenting their statistical distributions visually. The multitude of possibilities that such treatment of the image offers fascinates me\". Between 1967 and 1977, Winiarski created set designs for several plays performed in Poland, including Medea by Euripides, William Shakespeare's Othello and Macbeth, among others.",
"title": "Life and work"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In 1987, he initiated the creation of geometric compositions using lit candles, a series titled Geometry, or a Chance for Meditation. Winiarski's works are included in permanent collections of major Polish museums, including the Museum of Art in Łódź and the National Museum in Kraków. Similarly to his contemporary Roman Opałka, Winiarski dedicated the majority of his career to exploring a singular conceptual project. According to art historian and critic Bożena Kowalska, Ryszard Winiarski was among the most influential Polish artists in the second half of the twentieth century. Winiarski died in Warsaw on December 14, 2006, at the age of 70 following a long illness.",
"title": "Life and work"
}
] | Ryszard Winiarski was a Polish painter and set designer best known for his monochromatic abstract geometric compositions and spatial forms. He has been associated with Conceptualist tendencies in Poland during 1960s and 1970s and is considered one of the key representatives of indeterminism in Polish postwar art. Winiarski's work was informed by his interest in the relationship between art and science. | 2023-12-17T18:42:35Z | 2023-12-25T05:42:09Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryszard_Winiarski |
75,587,232 | George G. Crawford (politician) | George G. Crawford (August 9, 1920 – October 31, 2012) was an American judge and politician. He served as a Republican member for the 79th district of the California State Assembly.
Crawford was born in San Diego, California. He attended San Diego State University and Balboa University Law School.
In 1956, Crawford was elected to represent the 79th district of the California State Assembly, succeeding Wanda Sankary. He served until 1960, when he was succeeded by George J. Lapthorne.
Crawford was a municipal court judge in San Diego.
Crawford died in October 2012, at the age of 92. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "George G. Crawford (August 9, 1920 – October 31, 2012) was an American judge and politician. He served as a Republican member for the 79th district of the California State Assembly.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Crawford was born in San Diego, California. He attended San Diego State University and Balboa University Law School.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "In 1956, Crawford was elected to represent the 79th district of the California State Assembly, succeeding Wanda Sankary. He served until 1960, when he was succeeded by George J. Lapthorne.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Crawford was a municipal court judge in San Diego.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "Crawford died in October 2012, at the age of 92.",
"title": "Life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "References"
}
] | George G. Crawford was an American judge and politician. He served as a Republican member for the 79th district of the California State Assembly. | 2023-12-17T18:56:25Z | 2023-12-25T11:36:14Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_G._Crawford_(politician) |
75,587,241 | 2023–24 LEN Champions League Quarter-finals round | The 2023–24 LEN Champions League Quarter-finals round is played between 8 March and 15 May 2024 to determine the four teams advancing to the Final four of the 2023–24 LEN Champions League.
The eight group winners and eight group runners-up were drawn into two groups, with each one containing two group winners and two group runners-up. In each group, teams will play against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The top two teams in each group advanced to the Final four.
The draw took place in Barcelona. The seeded and unseeded clubs consist of the teams that finished first and second in the previous round respectively. The only restriction was that clubs from the same group in the Main round could not be drawn against each other.
Teams are ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 2 points for a penalty shootout win, 1 point for a penalty shootout loss, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings: | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2023–24 LEN Champions League Quarter-finals round is played between 8 March and 15 May 2024 to determine the four teams advancing to the Final four of the 2023–24 LEN Champions League.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The eight group winners and eight group runners-up were drawn into two groups, with each one containing two group winners and two group runners-up. In each group, teams will play against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The top two teams in each group advanced to the Final four.",
"title": "Format"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The draw took place in Barcelona. The seeded and unseeded clubs consist of the teams that finished first and second in the previous round respectively. The only restriction was that clubs from the same group in the Main round could not be drawn against each other.",
"title": "Draw"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "Teams are ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 2 points for a penalty shootout win, 1 point for a penalty shootout loss, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings:",
"title": "Draw"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "",
"title": "Draw"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "",
"title": "Draw"
}
] | The 2023–24 LEN Champions League Quarter-finals round is played between 8 March and 15 May 2024 to determine the four teams advancing to the Final four of the 2023–24 LEN Champions League. | 2023-12-17T18:57:45Z | 2023-12-19T00:40:02Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_LEN_Champions_League_Quarter-finals_round |
75,587,267 | Emais Roberts | Emais Roberts is a Palauan politician and physician who has served as Governor of Peleliu since 2022. He previously served as Minister of Health of Palau from 2017 to 2021 and led the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Palau.
Roberts received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Hawaiʻi and completed his surgical residency at the University of Hawaiʻi and University of California, Davis. He served as Chief Resident Surgeon at Queen's Medical Center, Kuakini Medical Center and Kaiser Medical Center in Hawaii. Roberts is a member of the Belau Medical Society and a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He is also a member of the Palau Community College Board of Trustees, Palau Medical Licensure Board and Palau Medical Referral Committee. He owns and runs a private medical clinic called the Family Surgical Clinic.
On January 23, 2017, he was nominated as Minister of Health becoming the first nominee for a ministerial position in President Thomas Remengesau Jr.'s 10th government cabinet. He was sworn in as Minister of Health on February 2, 2017. On June 6, 2017, Roberts visited Taipei in which he said he would continue to support Taiwan's bid to attend the World Health Assembly. In July 2019, Roberts gave a speech at the first Climate and Health Ministers' Meeting in Abu Dhabi in which he highlighted the effects of climate change on human health especially the effects on Small Island Developing States such as Palau.
In January 2021, he administered the country's COVID-19 vaccination with Roberts and president-elect Surangel Whipps Jr. being one of the first to receive the dose of the vaccine in the country. In April 2021, a travel bubble was set up between Palau and Taiwan though by May 2021 Roberts stated that the travel bubble had become a "mute issue" due to new travel restrictions introduced between the countries as a result of Taiwan's rising COVID-19 cases. He was succeeded as health minister by Gaafar Ucherbelau.
In May 2021, Roberts announced in a phone interview with the Island Times that he was running as a candidate for Governor of Peleliu in the December 2021 election in which incumbent governor Temmy Shmull was no longer eligible having reached the term limit. He stated that he had agreed to run after being requested by village chiefs and the people of Peleliu. He added that while some people had told him that running for governor is a downgrade from his position as health minister, he disagreed saying that "it is still a service to the people, just on a different platform". Governor Shmull endorsed him saying that he "has built a house here and loves to spend time here". Unofficial results from an election poll showed him in the lead with 312 votes ahead of former governor Jackson Ngiraingas who received 174 votes. He won the election and was sworn in as governor on January 7, 2022.
On September 15, 2022, Roberts commemorated the state's inaugural veterans day by re-opening the Bloody Nose Ridge Monument access trail and acknowledging the United States Marines for their work on projects in the state such as repairing the monument. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "Emais Roberts is a Palauan politician and physician who has served as Governor of Peleliu since 2022. He previously served as Minister of Health of Palau from 2017 to 2021 and led the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Palau.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "Roberts received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Hawaiʻi and completed his surgical residency at the University of Hawaiʻi and University of California, Davis. He served as Chief Resident Surgeon at Queen's Medical Center, Kuakini Medical Center and Kaiser Medical Center in Hawaii. Roberts is a member of the Belau Medical Society and a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He is also a member of the Palau Community College Board of Trustees, Palau Medical Licensure Board and Palau Medical Referral Committee. He owns and runs a private medical clinic called the Family Surgical Clinic.",
"title": "Early life and career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "On January 23, 2017, he was nominated as Minister of Health becoming the first nominee for a ministerial position in President Thomas Remengesau Jr.'s 10th government cabinet. He was sworn in as Minister of Health on February 2, 2017. On June 6, 2017, Roberts visited Taipei in which he said he would continue to support Taiwan's bid to attend the World Health Assembly. In July 2019, Roberts gave a speech at the first Climate and Health Ministers' Meeting in Abu Dhabi in which he highlighted the effects of climate change on human health especially the effects on Small Island Developing States such as Palau.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 3,
"text": "In January 2021, he administered the country's COVID-19 vaccination with Roberts and president-elect Surangel Whipps Jr. being one of the first to receive the dose of the vaccine in the country. In April 2021, a travel bubble was set up between Palau and Taiwan though by May 2021 Roberts stated that the travel bubble had become a \"mute issue\" due to new travel restrictions introduced between the countries as a result of Taiwan's rising COVID-19 cases. He was succeeded as health minister by Gaafar Ucherbelau.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 4,
"text": "In May 2021, Roberts announced in a phone interview with the Island Times that he was running as a candidate for Governor of Peleliu in the December 2021 election in which incumbent governor Temmy Shmull was no longer eligible having reached the term limit. He stated that he had agreed to run after being requested by village chiefs and the people of Peleliu. He added that while some people had told him that running for governor is a downgrade from his position as health minister, he disagreed saying that \"it is still a service to the people, just on a different platform\". Governor Shmull endorsed him saying that he \"has built a house here and loves to spend time here\". Unofficial results from an election poll showed him in the lead with 312 votes ahead of former governor Jackson Ngiraingas who received 174 votes. He won the election and was sworn in as governor on January 7, 2022.",
"title": "Political career"
},
{
"paragraph_id": 5,
"text": "On September 15, 2022, Roberts commemorated the state's inaugural veterans day by re-opening the Bloody Nose Ridge Monument access trail and acknowledging the United States Marines for their work on projects in the state such as repairing the monument.",
"title": "Political career"
}
] | Emais Roberts is a Palauan politician and physician who has served as Governor of Peleliu since 2022. He previously served as Minister of Health of Palau from 2017 to 2021 and led the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Palau. | 2023-12-17T19:00:53Z | 2023-12-31T11:04:44Z | [
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75,587,301 | 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup | The 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup is the inaugural edition of the FIFA Intercontinental Cup, an annual club association football tournament organized by FIFA. The tournament will comprise the six teams that won the previous edition of the continental championships in each FIFA confederation playing each other in a single-elimination bracket. It is scheduled to take place in December 2024 with the first rounds at a home stadium for one team and later rounds at a neutral venue.
The tournament serves as a replacement for the annual version of the FIFA Club World Cup, which was reorganized into a quadrennial tournament with more entrants. Its name is derived from the former Intercontinental Cup that was last played in 2004 between teams from UEFA and CONMEBOL. The FIFA Intercontinental Cup will include byes to the final for the winners of the UEFA Champions League. The tournament's format and name were approved by the FIFA Council on December 17, 2023.
The format of the tournament was approved by the FIFA Council on December 17, 2023. | [
{
"paragraph_id": 0,
"text": "The 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup is the inaugural edition of the FIFA Intercontinental Cup, an annual club association football tournament organized by FIFA. The tournament will comprise the six teams that won the previous edition of the continental championships in each FIFA confederation playing each other in a single-elimination bracket. It is scheduled to take place in December 2024 with the first rounds at a home stadium for one team and later rounds at a neutral venue.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 1,
"text": "The tournament serves as a replacement for the annual version of the FIFA Club World Cup, which was reorganized into a quadrennial tournament with more entrants. Its name is derived from the former Intercontinental Cup that was last played in 2004 between teams from UEFA and CONMEBOL. The FIFA Intercontinental Cup will include byes to the final for the winners of the UEFA Champions League. The tournament's format and name were approved by the FIFA Council on December 17, 2023.",
"title": ""
},
{
"paragraph_id": 2,
"text": "The format of the tournament was approved by the FIFA Council on December 17, 2023.",
"title": "Format"
}
] | The 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup is the inaugural edition of the FIFA Intercontinental Cup, an annual club association football tournament organized by FIFA. The tournament will comprise the six teams that won the previous edition of the continental championships in each FIFA confederation playing each other in a single-elimination bracket. It is scheduled to take place in December 2024 with the first rounds at a home stadium for one team and later rounds at a neutral venue. The tournament serves as a replacement for the annual version of the FIFA Club World Cup, which was reorganized into a quadrennial tournament with more entrants. Its name is derived from the former Intercontinental Cup that was last played in 2004 between teams from UEFA and CONMEBOL. The FIFA Intercontinental Cup will include byes to the final for the winners of the UEFA Champions League. The tournament's format and name were approved by the FIFA Council on December 17, 2023. | 2023-12-17T19:03:36Z | 2023-12-30T17:52:32Z | [
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] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_FIFA_Intercontinental_Cup |
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