post_title
stringlengths 5
304
| post_text
stringlengths 0
37.5k
| post_scores
int64 15
83.1k
| comment_text
stringlengths 200
9.61k
| comment_score
int64 10
43.3k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
CMV: Cultural Appropriation isn't a thing: Every culture influences other cultures and always has. | To be clear, I don't mean that things like Blackface are okay, but I put that in the realm of racism, not cultural appropriation.
Since societies have been interacting with each other, they have influenced one another. Trade and technology, customs, art, all are shared among cultures. This exchange of culture has furthered all societies in the world. Even the most isolationist societies, like Imperial Japan, received exterior influence through Dutch Learning and (reluctant) trade with the United States.
In a modern context, the internet has all but demolished the borders that previously kept art and music contained within a single culture. We have instant access to music from all around the world, and the social media platforms that may introduce it to us. America is a great big melting pot where many cultures coexist and melt together, creating new things and new ideas. Rock music as we know it today, ironically a very white genre, developed from black rhythm and blues music and, if you go far back enough, negro spirituals and minstrelsy, which combined African sounds and African-American discontents with the Christian motif of white music of the time.
One caveat I will say is that it allows some straight up false flagging to occur, and that again crosses into the realm of racism IMO. Drake is infamous for essentially pretending to be Jamaican, and taking heavy dance hall music influences. I think that his Dance Hall influences and attempting to make dance hall music in his own way is fine; What I think is not fine is his fake Jamaican accent, and I consider that to be racist, because he is false flagging as a representative of the Jamaican culture.
Halloween costumes often come under fire for being demeaning to other cultures; for example, Native American warriors, or in some cases of extremely poor taste, costumes of prominent black figures where white people will wear blackface. I think these fall under racism, not cultural appropriation, because they are not adopting the ideas and achievements of a culture in a new way, but simply mimicking them in what could be considered an insensitive way.
Some people get offended by religious symbols being adopted in non-religious ways. Wearing the Bindi or a Turban(not entirely/always religious in purpose but is part of those traditions, and in a western mind is often associated with Islam) in a way that is intended to make you either a. appear to be part of said religion/culture b. demean that religion or culture is racist/xenophobic. However, I do not believe that wearing an inverted cross is disrespectful to Christians.
Asian fashion styles are becoming popular in America and Europe through internet promotion. However, considering fashion as an art, I don't see anything wrong with the adoption of a style or aesthetic that one appreciates. /r/streetwear has examples of these outfits; I think you'd be hard pressed to accuse them of wearing these clothes in bad faith. With that said, the flag of the Rising Sun is indicative of Japan during a time comparable to Nazi Germany and shouldn't be accepted for the same reason we aren't okay with a Swastika being worn, or that many are not okay with the Confederate flag being worn.
> *This is a footnote from the CMV moderators. We'd like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please* ***[read through our rules](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/rules)***. *If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* ***[downvotes don't change views](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/guidelines#wiki_upvoting.2Fdownvoting)****! Any questions or concerns? Feel free to* ***[message us](http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=/r/changemyview)***. *Happy CMVing!* | 50 | So there are a lot of people who think cultural appropriation is like when Katy Perry wore a kimono on stage. A lot of people (mostly white Americans) were mad about that. But that's not cultural appropriation is. It seems like that is the definition you are going with as well, using someone else's culture. Cultural appropriation would be if she had worn the kimono but claimed it was a style she created. Cultural appropriation is a thing that exists, and there are a lot of example of people exploiting other cultures for their own gain while also claiming they were the originators of it (Jimmy Page/Led Zeppelin for one). It's not a problem that Led Zeppelin's style of music was created by black Americans, it's a problem that they stole songs and claimed to be the originators of the style. So if you go and open a Japanese restaurant (assume you are not Japanese), that's not cultural appropriation, but if you claim you invented the style of cooking and everyone starts calling Japanese Food "/u/fuckwhitepeoplelol food", and leads to you profiting greatly at the others expense, that would be cultural appropriation. | 20 |
ELI5: Why would a company like Mars modify one flavor of a candy like Skittles and then refuse to go back to the old flavor in the face of monumental backlash? | Were the lime skittles causing cancer or something? Is it somehow incredibly cheaper to produce green apple, to the point that lost sales are less of an issue than the cost?
edit: okay guys i get it nobody who ever takes issue with anything is in the majority, or something. But why would they change to begin with and then *completely ignore* all negative feedback? | 403 | "Monumental backlash" often is nothing more than a vocal minority complaining loudly and often about something they don't like. Those people are also likely to continue buying the product in spite of their vocal distaste.
Mars knows that these people will fade away soon, and they probably haven't seen any appreciable drop in sales numbers, so they're not going to change their minds. | 314 |
If a grenade exploded in space, what would it look like? | 57 | It wouldn't look like very much at all; a grenade doesn't produce much light so there wouldn't be much of a flash and all the fragmentation debris, smoke and gas would be travelling at around the speed of sound, give or take, so you'd see the grenade one moment and the next moment there wouldn't be anything there and if you survived, you might see the sunlight glinting off of a few specks of debris before it was all too far away to see anything.
Explosions in space are a bit underwhelming and tend to be less impressive than they are on Earth where there's an atmosphere to confine the explosion and give it something to push against and interact with. Without an atmosphere, the energy of the explosion mostly goes into the kinetic energy of the gas and debris, which just whizzes away, never to be seen again. | 78 |
|
ELI5 why credit inquries lower one's credit score | If one is simply looking up her or his credit score and is not making a purchase on credit, why does his or her credit score take a hit? | 674 | You may check your own credit rating as often as you'd like with no impact to your overall rating.
Creditors (without your knowledge, i.e., those credit card offers you get in the mail) may check your credit rating as often as they'd like without impacting your overall rating.
Creditors (acting on your behalf, as in you applied for some sort of credit) checking your credit rating **will** impact your overall rating.
The third situation has the potential of impacting your overall credit rating because this type of query is only done when you apply for credit. The presumption is that if you have applied for additional credit, you are planning on borrowing for something. The impact of the query is nominal and short lived if you don't borrow the money. If you do borrow, then your score would be recalculated based on the other factors (overall credit vs debt, credit history, etc.). | 301 |
Truth for Hegel | As I understand it, truth for Hegel is something like: congruity between an intelligible substance and the thing in which it inheres, between concept and external existence, essence and being. Taken at face, this seems to leave open the possibility that, should all members within the set of all things *not* match up with their corresponding concepts, there would be only a kind of truth in potentia, or, put differently, no proposition could be truthfully said about an existing state of affairs. But in Phil of Right, section 104, we see: “It is [a necessary] part of the truth that the concept should exist, and that this existence should be in conformity with the concept.” At other times (I think in the phenomenology) he subscribes to a correspondence theory of truth. I think most interestingly, he sometimes describes truth as a state obtained only after the completion of the speculative moment of logic/thought, which contains and supersedes the abstract and negative moments; truth here only obtains in toto, not in each moment separately.
So what’s the deal? How does he see explain the necessity of truth and how does he reconcile all the different ways he talks about truth? Am I reading it wrong? I feel like I’m reading it wrong. | 34 | Asking about Hegel on truth gets a wall o' text in response.
Hegel doesn't just mean one thing by "truth" throughout all of his writings, or even throughout the same piece of writing. As you note, in the PhG he endorses a correspondence theory of the truth of (naive) empirical statements. At other times -- especially the big, weighty moments -- he talks of truth in what seem like ontological terms. It has seemed fair to many commentators to gloss that theory as: truth is correspondence between a thing and its concept. That's *mostly* right, but that formula doesn't quite capture what Hegel means when he uses his favored phrase, "the truth of [x]". The truth of a thing (its correspondence with its concept) is what a thing should be, and according to Hegel, truth (conceived this way) is such as to realize itself.
This can *seem* very spooky and hand-wavy, and it has certainly figured in classical readings of Hegel as invoking the World Spirit who guides all history to its necessary completion etc. But there's a reason Hegel's favorite way of explaining what he means by "truth" in this sense is by reference to organic unity (or more simply, the organism): an organic unity is one in which its parts are the parts they are in virtue of their collective effort to achieve and maintain the whole.
Think of a life form or species: a rabbit is what it is in virtue of its effort to achieve and maintain the existence of the species, i.e., to nourish and reproduce itself. By this token, a rabbit's species is also the measure of whether it is being as it should be: if it is not able to nourish and reproduce itself, it is defective. (The truth of a rabbit is its species.) We could also say: what is is for there to be the species Rabbit is for there to be individuals that attempt to maintain the species Rabbit by nourishing and reproducing themselves. Or as Hegel would put it, the species brings itself about.
This is what Hegel means in the section of the PhR you quote: "It is [a necessary] part of the truth that the concept should exist, and that this existence should be in conformity with the concept." A concept is such as to bring itself into existence by bringing into existence individuals that conform to it (which means, individuals which strive to maintain themselves *as* instantiations of that concept). As we saw in the rabbit example, this doesn't mean concepts are things with some kind of metaphysical agency, anymore than the species Rabbit is some metaphysical Spirit-thing out there acting on individual rabbits. It just means that the kind of real unity that we're calling "concept" here is the kind of thing that has the explanatory power an organic unity does with reference to its parts. | 13 |
[The Simpsons] How popular is Krusty the Clown's show? Is he a national celebrity? | 356 | Classic Krusty was a respected variety show host in the 60s-70s. Not so much now a days.
He has a million dollar a day moon rock habit and signs his name to any shoddy product his agent gets his hands on.
So he may be quite well known, but his reputation and career have been damaged by an inflating ego and enabling psychophants.
Mr. Burns is similarly in a rut due to surrounding himself with the same kind of yes men as Krusty but the stakes are higher, so too was his loss. | 321 |
|
ELI5: Why is it so much more enjoyable to spend hours and hours doing repetitive tasks in a video game than it is at work? | 50 | Usually video games have a reward system in place that you can easily track your progress and see a "real" reward for it in real time. If you grind more enemies, you get more points, new items, new stats, unlocks, etc. Numbers go up. Even on something like Minecraft, you may set out to simply dig a really big hole in the ground with no benefit other than having done it. However, you've set a goal and accomplished it, and that feels good.
Work is often times you doing stuff you don't have a vested interest in. You also don't necessarily have incentive to do the work other than keeping your job and getting a paycheck. | 45 |
|
ELI5: Why are tips based on how expensive a meal was? | Why are the tips we give in restaurants relative to how expensive/luxurious my meal was? How much harder is it to carry out a $30 steak from the kitchen compared to a $8 sandwich? I don't get it... Can't tips be a set rate? Or a per person rate? | 42 | At an expensive restaurant you are not just paying for the cost if the food. Part of why you are paying for is food service, ambiance etc. By tipping proportional to the cost of the meal waiters at expensive restaurants will be the ones with the most experience and will be the cream of the crop.
The other reason is that in fancy restaurants the tip has to be split more ways. The guy going around refilling waters, the people who bus in between courses, the people who bring out new fancy silverware depending on what you ordered, all if those people get some of the tip you leave. | 24 |
What if pixels were hexagonal rather than square? | Hexagonal packing is a more "natural" packing pattern than square packing. Are there any reasons beyond the obvious that modern display screens use the latter?
For example, the rasterization of a horizontal or vertical line on a square-packed display is trivial, but on a hexagonally-packed display, the rasterization of at least one of them is not. But what about an arbitrary line? My intuition tells me that an arbitrary line would have a "better" rasterization on a hexagonally-packed display. Would this carry over to an arbitrary image? Would photos look better with hexagonal pixels than they would with square ones? | 300 | A big problem with a hex grid is that straight lines are angled 60 degrees apart, not 90 degrees, and so you can choose high fidelity for vertical lines or horizontal lines, but not both. This would not be a problem for most images, but fine vector graphics (such as a cursor or a fine border) would have problems. | 134 |
Does religion function the same as a highly organized cult? Are religious people more likely to join cults? Are they one in the same? If not, why? | First time posting here. I’ve always been curious about the difference in perception of the two, while to me seeming very similar. | 40 | By far the best definition I've seen is that cults are based around a leader who engages in control or manipulation tactics of the group whereas religions are based on docterine or an organized structure. There can be powerful people within a religion but they aren't the foundation. E.g pope in catholic
Within religions there may be cult behavior on a local level and often cults begin as offshoots of a religion
So obviously there is still overlap but typically people do not maintain cult beliefs once away from the cults influence nor adjust involvement in their lives the way people with religion do | 26 |
ELI5: Why a number to the power of zero equals 1 | 36 | It follows the pattern of exponents naturally.
Try this:
x^n = (x^(n+1)) / (x^1 )
Or, with some specific numbers, (x=5, n=2):
5^2 = 5^3 / 5
5^2 = 125 / 5
5^2 = 25
Now, trying with n = 0:
5^0 = 5^1 / 5^1
5^0 = 5 / 5
5^0 = 1
Or, with n = -1
5^-1 = 5^0 / 5
5^-1 = 1 / 5
**edit**: formatting. | 93 |
|
[MARVEL] Would Ghost Riders Penance stare work on Jean Grey? | Didn't she commit genocide as the phoenix? | 19 | Technically, Jean did not commit genocide. The Phoenix Force created an exact copy of Jean's body, memories, and personality, and used that as a physical vessel for itself - it hid the real Jean in suspended animation. Jean later gained all the memories of the Phoenix during the time it believed itself to be Jean Grey, so in most ways, the difference is pretty academic - the Phoenix was psychologically identical to Jean, and the now-living Jean has all those memories too, so in most ways they might as well be the same person.
However, Ghost Rider's Penance Stare affects the soul, not the mind. Jean's soul was not present when that genocide occurred. | 26 |
Will the light from my flashlight touch the moon? | It's a dark night, Little urban light pollution. I have a standard-issue flashlight pointed at the moon. Will the beam hit the moon, however weakly? ALSO: when I turn the flashlight off, does the light beam "clip off" and continue its journey or, have I turned off a proverbial lightsaber? What happens to that beam?
Silly questions I've wondered about since about age 5! Thanks!
P.S. I asked this last night but I think I may have submitted incorrectly; apologies if it's a lame repost. | 1,403 | Photons generated from a standard flashlight can reach the moon - however, from said flashlight, as soon as they are generated they begin to disperse in a cone type form. By the time the photons have defeated atmospheric interference and reached the moon, they are so far spread out and dissipated that they are absolutely imperceptible
When you switch off the flashlight, the photons continue to travel - they don't just disappear. But photons move at the speed of light...so as you say, yes, it does "clip off"
One more edit: local light pollution only effects perception. | 1,144 |
[Pirates of the Caribbean] How many generations does it take until Bill Turner's descendant's blood is not pure enough to cure the curse of the black pearl? | Will Turner has half of Bootstrap Bill's blood. Say he had kids who now have 1/4 of Bill's blood, then grandkids who have 1/8, all while Barbosa's crew is still eternally living and feeling nothing.
At what point is the blood no longer pure? | 52 | Curses and magic tend to not work like that. Curses usually follow the family until the curse is lifted or the bloodline extinct. As long as you are a blood descent of Bootstrap Bill, then you can lift the curse. | 64 |
CMV: If your shower thoughts are your most interesting thoughts, you're not taking enough time to just think | Shower thought are known to be these weird or interesting thoughts, that you could only think about about in the shower. My friends were talking about this, and there was a consensus between them that their best thoughts come to them in the shower. There's even a subreddit for these interesting thoughts and revelations that people had while in the shower.
This lead me to think about what makes the shower so unique compared to the rest of daily life, and what about the shower allows for thoughts to flow freely. From what my friends' said, the shower is a time where they can just think and do nothing else, so it gives them the place to have thoughts that are more interesting than daily life things.
This makes sense to me, but if this is the reason for shower thoughts, it also implies that people don't take the time to think about things outside the shower. Not only that, but people have to shower, so the reason to set this time aside to think about stuff is because you have to in order to be clean. Meaning that just thinking about things is not the first priority while taking a shower and it's only a byproduct of needing to stay clean.
So since we've established that the source for shower thoughts is the fact that the shower is a place where you can just think about whatever, I think this means that if you only have interesting thoughts in the shower, that you're not taking the time to just think about stuff. Same goes for interesting thoughts before you fall asleep - if that is the only time you can think freely, you're not investing any time in allowing yourself to think.
I think thinking is so important, and it's numbing to think only about daily life during the day. If I don't have enough time to think during the day I have a hard time falling asleep, since that's the only other time I have if I can't find the time during the day. How are you supposed to lead your life if the only time you get to think is your 15 minute shower? | 303 | You could take the time to "just think" and come up with good interesting thoughts and many of these shower geniuses do this. But what makes their shower thoughts their most interesting thoughts is because they come up with them through different and unique pathways in the brain often giving these thoughts a unique and "interesting" feel. Let me explain. People in general use their sense of sight most of the day and their minds react and think thoughts based on what they see and how they relate to what they are seeing. You could be relaxed on a park bench people watching and you’re doing exactly this. Whatever the other senses of your body are doing your not really registering or consciously thinking about them so separate pathways in your brain that could give you more interesting thoughts (not necessarily better) aren’t being triggered. When showering, sight is not used as frequently and your less commonly used senses are all being stimulated while in a very relaxed state. Close your eyes, Feel the warm water cleansing your body, smell that awesome shampoo refreshing your hair, become hypnotized as you hear the water splashing onto the floor, think interesting thoughts, and that’s your shower. These shower thoughts are thought about and formed differently than thoughts we have 95% of the day, and therefore, are more interesting. | 43 |
CMV: Giving other cultures sh*t about eating dog meat is hypocritical | Hi all,
So someone just posted a video on my FB feed about [the Yulin dog meat festival](https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=yulin+dog+meat+festival). It is horrifying...
For the purpose of this CMV, let's forget about how it's done (the way they get the dogs, they treat them... etc.) and concentrate **only** on the dog meat eating part.
I love dogs, and yes, I find it horrifying that other cultures eat them. However, I also understand that for other cultures, it is horrifying to see us eat beef or pork.
In my opinion, the only situation where you are allowed to complain is if you are talking about eating animal meat in general. But if you enjoy eating a good steak, then it is hypocritical to criticize others for eating what they consider is "just meat".
Again, I am stressing the fact that this is not about the *animal cruelty* part. It's just about the meat eating. For the sake of this CMV, let's suppose that the animals are bred and slaughtered in the most humane possible way.
So... CMV
_____
> *Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to* ***[read through our rules](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/rules)***. *If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* ***[downvotes don't change views](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/guidelines#wiki_upvoting.2Fdownvoting)****! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our* ***[popular topics wiki](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/populartopics)*** *first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to* ***[message us](http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=/r/changemyview)***. *Happy CMVing!* | 1,154 | It's interesting that the animals people tend to get selectively upset about being used for meat are often also meat-eaters.
Eating predators/carnivores means that you have to not only produce the herbivores to feed them, you also have to produce the plants to feed the herbivores.
Unless there's some compelling argument _for_ eating dog over, say, cow, the fact that significantly greater resources are required Calorie-for-Calorie, pound-for-pound, to produce this type of food is a reasonable argument for saying that it's excessively wasteful even with no moral or ethical objection to the food itself. | 498 |
ELI5: How come the ISS needs regular corrections to it's orbit so it doesn't fall and yet, there are space debris from the sixties that no one is expecting to burn in the atmosphere anytime soon? | 56 | 1. Debris do fall. But some debris (like Apollo parts) are on very high orbit and are unlikely to fall any time soon.
2. Stuff falls because of atmospheric friction. The higher you are - the less atmosphere is there. The smaller you are - the less surface you have for friction. | 31 |
|
ELI5: Airbus/Boeing Advertisements, Who are they trying to target? | the A350XWB just delivered to its first costumer today,
this question just popped up in my head,
I have seen Airbus and Boeing advertisements in airports, on the streets, magazines, youtube... promoting how efficient their products are and passenger comfort onboard, etc.
It makes me wonder who are they trying to target? I doubt if any (most, at least) of us can afford one. It's airlines who make the purchase, and their job to promote their products. So, why are Aircraft manufacture like Airbus and Boeing spending millions on those advertisements seem to target the general public? Attract Investors? For public image? I wonder how many people care what kind of airplanes they are taking as long as it takes them from point A to B.
it could also apply to many other things, not just airplanes. | 17 | They're trying to drum up public confidence. It gets people to invest in shares. Also, when you (and millions of others) book your next flight, you might choose an airline or flight that flies your preferred aircraft, rather than the airline that flies some other aircraft. This signals the airlines to buy more of your preferred aircraft. | 12 |
ELI5: Why are low poly 3D models made of triangles and not squares/rectangles? | 453 | In the early days rectangles *were* used. A games console in the late 90's rendered everything with rectangles.
However, that was a really bad idea, and triangles are much nicer to work with for a couple of reasons.
First, of course, you can easily make a rectangle out of a pair of triangles *anyway*, so you're not really losing out on anything by using triagles. At worst you'll have twice as many of them. But the trade-off is that they're simpler to work with, so that's really ok.
But the main advantage of triangles is that they are *always* flat. If you pick three random points in a 3d space, you can *always* connect them and the result will be lie on a flat plane. That means you can connect these three points, and know you'll get a straightforward triangle.
If you pick four points at random, you probably won't be able to connect them into a rectangle at all. The four points probably won't lie on a plane, and it's not really obvious what shape would be created if you tried to connect them. It woudl depend on *how* you connect them.
So if you're working with rectangles, you have to constantly watch out for these "broken" shapes and that's just a lot of extra work.
Computers like working really fast with really simple things. And triangles are great for that. | 968 |
|
ELI5: Chaos Theory | 85 | If you run a simulation of something large and complex, like for instance the weather, you can plug in the relevant measurements for humidity, wind speed and direction etc. the output will be a similar set of numbers which you can then use to predict the weather at some point in the future.
So let's say you've run this simulation for a virtual month and saw a neat weather pattern emerge, wishing to see it again, you plug in the numbers that the machine displayed a virtual week ago. These numbers aren't exact, as they only display them to a reasonable number of significant figures, but the difference is incredibly small, about the strength of a butterfly's wings.
To your surprise, running the simulation form that point results in a completely different outcome! The incredibly small difference was still big enough to influence a small change in its surroundings, which continues to snowball until rather large changes occur.
The study around the building up of small changes from the initial conditions and the resulting wild divergence of outcomes is known as chaos theory. It is the reason weather predictions can't be done very accurately the further into the future we try to peer, and the reason you couldn't expect to time travel without influencing history at all. | 52 |
|
[Marvel] Would vibranium be an be an effective defense against Covenant [Halo] plasma weapons? | If the UNSC possessed it, how would it have changed the course of the war? Would it have made their ships more durable? Would MJOLNIR armor be stronger? | 29 | Probably not by much.
We don't know the melting point of vibranium. We do know it stops kinetic weaponry, but the covenant don't really use those.
Plasma weaponry is extremely hot (wiki says 28,000 °C or 50,000 °F), it works by melting the hell out of whatever it hits. No matter what melting point vibranium has, it is unlikely to be a perfect insulator. Any vibranium armor, whether it be on a ship or on a person, is eventually going to transfer the heat into the interior, killing and cooking whoever is inside. | 13 |
ELI5: why is it so exhausting to listen to a compulsive talker | I would expect that having to listen to a never-ending monologue is just boring. But it's so much more than that: it's exhausting and stressful, and it takes hours to recover energy after. Why is that? | 26 | I read a book by Susan Cain called Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking, and she explains a a bit about the psychology of introversion and extraversion. Everyone has a threshold for how much external stimulation they can tolerate before they need a break. In introverts that threshold is relatively low, and in extroverts it is relatively high.
Think about it this way: someone with a low tolerance for spicy foods isn't likely to go out of their way to seek out particularly spicy foods; they might enjoy a little buffalo sauce now and then, but too much becomes painful, the receptors that perceive heat become overstimulated. But someone with high tolerance for spicy foods isn't satisfied with buffalo sauce (it's not even very hot!), They'll go out looking for Carolina reaper sauce for their wings. Because they can tolerate more heat, the less spicy stuff just doesn't give them the same kick. But there is a limit where it becomes too spicy, and just like the first person, once the food gets too spicy it becomes too painful.
We can apply a similar principle to intro/extroverts. Introverts have a lower tolerance for external stimulation. They like socialising well enough, but long interactions can be too much and become exhausting, because interacting and actively listening requires focus and energy. The introvert becomes overstimulated, it becomes tiring. Extroverts, on the other hand have a much higher tolerance, so they need more stimulation to reach the same level. They can talk and talk, and have long conversations without feeling overstimulated, because their tolerance for that type of stimulation is higher.
The main thing is socialising requires effort and focus, and everyone has a limit to how much effort and focus they can offer | 33 |
ELI5: What's the point of the "press any button to continue" screen in some video games, why not just boot to the main menu? | 18 | Artistically maybe they wanted to show a "clean" screen without a bunch of menu options on it. But there's really no technical reason to have one. A bunch of games boot directly to the main menu.
A better question is why are there unskippable splash screens? And the answer to that is that the game is loading in the background, sometimes the menu itself is loading in the background (ex: Just Cause 3, though for a cool reason, because there is no transition from menu to game when you're ready to play, the menu is created from your save file progress... look up a video of it, you'll understand) | 13 |
|
Eli5 Why do microstates (Liechtenstein, Monaco etc) have such high GDP per capitas? | 27 | So most of these nations are set up as tax shelters. For example, Lichtenstein income tax tops at 8%. Monaco doesn’t have a personal income tax at all. That’s your reason.
Another interesting observation, however, is that even if not for this microstates would still probably occupy the upper echelon of GDP per capita. Why? Because the lower sample size you have, the higher a distribution you’ll get. America used to give funding incentives to schools based on test performance until they discovered both the highest and lowest performing schools were the districts with the least amount of students. Not because they were necessarily doing anything right or wrong, but because their natural variability was much higher. You see this with all sorts of statistics, such as crime rates. Or suicide rates. Or lottery winners. Or population with a PhD, etc. | 62 |
|
ELI5: how exactly does battery "give power" to a smartphone or laptop? What magic does electricity do to a battery? | 22 | A battery sort of burns some substance, very slowly, in a way that makes the energy come out in electricity, instead of heat.
The basic idea is that you make the chemical reactions happen in two steps, one of which happens at one side, and the other happens at the other side. One reaction needs an electron, which is a particle that has an electric charge, and the other reaction releases an electron. This means that the first step pulls electrons from the first side, leaving it with a positive charge, and the second step releases electrons to the other side, making for a negative charge. And if you have too many electrons in one place, and not enough in another, then you can connect a circuit, like a light bulb or a phone, between the two places, and electrons will be forced through the circuit - and we call this electricity. | 17 |
|
Vehicle Tech of the Near Future: What are the (dis)advantages of hydrogen fuel cells versus Lithium-ion batteries, when used on a large (e.g., nationwide) scale? | Five or so days ago various media [reported](http://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2014/07/29/japan-looks-at-hydrogen-for-power-generation/) that Japan intends to focus on using hydrogen as the energy storage medium of choice for its nation's vehicles. On a purely technological and pragmatic level, what are the advantages and disadvantages of doing so?
Aspects worth mentioning might include:
* The efficiency of the hydrogen producing reaction
* The J/Kg energy density after factoring in its heavy-duty housing
* The efficiency of oxidization into kinetic energy
* The cost of building and maintaining a massive state-wide hydrogen supplying infrastructure
* The scalability (economies of scale) of the processes involved
I would find it especially informative if you could juxtapose these considerations against an all-electric solution of the kind Tesla seems to be aiming for, and backed up your comparisons with hard science! | 142 | Hydrogen tends to leak through containers. Storing it as a gas limits the density. Storing it as a liquid is prohibitively expensive and not all that much of an improvement anyway. Storing it as a metal hydride tends to require exotic metals. However, it's fast and usually easy to refuel, and there's no shortage of hydrogen on this planet.
Batteries in general have tended to not be particularly energy-dense, though they are nowadays getting into the same ballpark as H2 (by volume at least) and even gasoline. That's why it's such a big deal these days when laptop or cell phone batteries cut loose all at once. They seem to be improving at a much faster rate than any H2 storage systems. Electric motors are incredibly efficient, so losses are minimized within the car. Generally the battery will know how to charge itself, so all it needs is a ready supply of electricity. No worries about purity and quality of the fuel. Some types of batteries require rare-ish materials, but the trend of late has been to use components that are, in one case _literally_, dirt common. They take much longer to refuel, but again there are trends towards faster and faster recharge rates.
Hydrogen could conceivably be manufactured on-site at fuel stations, but it would require an electricity source, so batteries would just skip the middleman. On the other hand, H2 could be "stockpiled", while electricity generation would always have to meet peak demand. Somewhat analogous to tank vs tankless water heaters here, and the pros and cons for each are very similar.
On the whole, batteries look to me like the best bet. They will only ever get better, while the energy capacity of hydrogen is fairly well set in stone. | 32 |
ELI5: Why don't we already know everything that's inside the pyramids? | In response to the news about temperature scans revealing "anomalies" in the pyramids that may be additional burial chambers etc. - why don't we already know exactly what's in there? These are some of the most famous buildings in the world, they are not new discoveries and I don't understand why they haven't been explored from top to bottom by now. | 3,382 | Two people ahve answered that the pyramids are "incredibly complex"- they aren't- they're giant piles of rocks, with narrow shafts and a few small rooms inside. We know about those because the shafts reach the surface. There may be other rooms, but it would require tunneling through tons of rock to access them, because there are no doors or hallways to these rooms, and millions of tons of rock on top of them. | 2,877 |
[Phineas and Ferb] How do Phineas and Ferb get the money needed to create their projects? | 61 | The rollercoaster episode shows that the duo are not above making money off of their projects (Phineas dryly remarks that he and Ferb should have charged more to ride it after it unexpectedly gets even more exciting than was initially planned). Chances are, they're probably funding all of their projects with the *massive* profits they earned from one or more of their earlier ones. | 75 |
|
CMV: Identity comes from both within and without. It’s not all about what you see yourself as. | While self image or self identity is important, it serves a much smaller utility than how others perceive you. Functionally, identity occurs many orders of magnitude more often in the eyes of those who perceive you rather than yourself. The total sum of their perception of you is much more impactful to both them and yourself than whatever it is you may see yourself as. This cannot be undone. Self identification is not the entirety of identity. It’s not even a majority of identity. It exists, but it’s not the whole. | 43 | I think it differs depending on what type of identity we're talking about. Racial identity, for example, is a very external identity. It has almost nothing to do with who you are on the inside, and has everything to do with how society treats you. This is why "transracial" can't be a thing. (Fun fact, transracial was a term used before the appearance of Rachel Dolezal types, and was used to refer to adoption situations where the parents and child are different races.)
Gender identity and sexuality, on the other hand, are much more internal. Say you're a bisexual man, but have only ever dated women to avoid homophobia. The world might perceive you as a straight guy and treat you like one, but internally you still feel that attraction towards men. You're still, by definition, bisexual, and the way people treat you can't change that. | 30 |
eli5 how does salt support hydration in the body? | I’ve always thought that salt actually dehydrates us (which is why we can’t drink salt water), but apparently it supports hydration… can someone please explain? | 24 | In the gut there are water transporting channels. For them to work, you need energy, sodium and chloride ions (salt), and glucose. The World Health Organization uses a solution of water, salt, and sugar for cases of severe dehydration from things like cholera. It's like Gatorade but a lot less sweet. | 15 |
ELI5: Why is raising our hear rate from exercise considered healthy while stimulants are considered bad for the heart? | 92 | The heart rate increase from exercise is self-limiting - e.g. if you over-exert you generally get tired and slow down. Your exercise pushes to the limits, slowly extends them, but "tells you" when you need to back down.
If you take stimulants you bypass that entire self-regulation system and can easily overdo it.
| 46 |
|
[Real Time Strategy] Why are rockets so ineffective against infantry? | I think in most CnC games an infantry unit can take quite a few rockets before they go down but much fewer bullets. | 37 | Because this are Armor Piercing Rockets.
If you want kill person with a rocket you use anti personnel one. The one that creates lot of shrapnel. However such rocket are useless against flying and ground vehicles.
So you put in to rocket engine, some kind of guiding system. And warhead that can damage something Like Mammoth Tank.
Adding shrapnels will make rocket to big. So they specialize equipment. | 30 |
ELI5: Why do doctors focus on LDL cholesterol scores when Coronary Artery Calcium scores are exponentially better at predicting heart disease/heart attacks? | Is there something I'm missing outside of cost? | 142 | Because apparently a coronary artery calcium score is an application of a CT scan, which is expensive, exposes your body to radiation, puts you on a waiting list, etc... and you can just get an LDL cholesterol by a simple blood test. | 137 |
[Marvel] Tony Stark has upgraded the Iron Man suit to keep pace with his enemies, but War Machine is just an old Iron Man suit. Why is War Machine still able to compete? | 91 | Tony's got 42 but they're all specialised for specific tasks. He feels like without his suit he's nothing so he needs one for every foreseeable event. Many of them are also just prototypes and not necessarily ready for combat.
The war machine suit is a great all rounder. For a terrestrial and conventionally armed taliban style force it'll do, hell it's great. It's just not designed for taking on Gods and aliens.
By the end of the extremis event Tony realises he *is* more than just a man even without a suit for every single occasion and destroys them all. | 89 |
|
[Star Wars] Did Tarkin outrank Vader? | 43 | The Sith Order completely outranks the military in the Empire. Even Vader's own words during the meeting were a subtle implication of that:
>*Don't be too proud of this technological terror you've constructed. The ability to destroy a planet is insignificant next to the power of the Force.*
The Empire serve the Sith. Vader did not have to listen to Tarkin at all, but did so on a whim or out of respect for Tarkin.
The only exception would be if the Emperor commanded Vader to listen to Tarkin, but in such a case Vader is only under the command of Tarkin by proxy. | 65 |
|
ELI5: How can millions of people use the ~400 underwater cables for internet simultaneously? | I'm aware each cable is branched into many many smaller cables but surely there still can't be one cable per person so how is the issue of overlapping data signals solved? | 22 | There isn’t one cable per person. Many (many many many) people are taking tiny slices of transmission time in turn.
In addition, if it’s a fiber optic cable, you can run multiple light beams down one fiber and they won’t interfere with each other.
So one physical cable will contain many individual fibers, each fiber can carry multiple signals, and each signal is time shared between a huge number of individual users. | 22 |
I think accusing people of white/male/straight privilege is nothing but an ad-hominem. CMV. | When anyone tells me I should check my privilege, I obediently do so. Sometimes for days in a row and the question never actually leaves me. "Am I being unsensitive"? That's a question that should always haunt every one of us.
But, from personal experience, the word privilege isn't used as much to make people think critically of their own positions, but mainly to delegitimize opinions. Against affirmative action? The sole reason is because of your white privilege. Against abortion? The sole reason is your male privilege. And I've heard too much in reddit's Christian subs that the only reason to interpret the Bible as against religious gay marriage is straight privilege. Like if literary and theological interpretation methods did not exist.
I respect people with opposing views, because life taught me the hard way I'm not the only person in the world with a brain. But many people use the word "privilege" simply to deny the discussion and go on with their self-righteous ways. CMV.
^(disclaimer: I'm for affirmative action)
**EDIT:** Ok, I failed to give a mainstream example of this happening. Here is it: "if men had wombs abortion would be a sacrament". In other words, "the only reason there are pro-life men is because they're not checking their privilege". That's a mainstream pro-choice slogan. I'm not trying to discuss abortion here, just saying social justice movement isn't careful about misusing the notion of "privilege". CMV!
**EDIT2:** OK. Unfortunately my view couldn't be changed. I see the main problem is that, despite, as I said before, the concept of privilege being useful and beneficial in conversations, using it to accuse people does no good to discussions. Actually it just radicalizes and pisses off everyone. OR make naive white males change their opinions out of guilt. I think, as some here said, my opinion is hardly going to change over this because *accusing* people of privilege as a strategy to win argument is nothing but cheap and low. | 404 | Invoking the idea of privilege doesn't necessarily delegitimize opinions, but it does seek to to contextualize them. Consider:
A Christian and a Jew are discussing a Biblical passage from the Book of Ruth. Is it not reasonable in this conversation for each participant to consider both their own faith and that of the other in the context of their approach to the text? Is it an ad-hominem attack for one to say to the other, "I believe you are relying too heavily upon your personal religious tradition in your interpretation here." ?
That's all "check your privilege" is -- a shorthand, somewhat glib way of saying that you are giving too much weight to your own personal history and cultural context in how you consider an issue, and that you'd benefit from expanding your frame of reference. It's identifying a fallacy on the other person's part; it's only delegitimizing to an opinion if *that is actually happening* in the first place. | 186 |
ELI5: How does moisture sometimes generate more friction (aiding better grips then dry hands for example) but other times generate less friction (slippery floor for example)? | 102 | Water sticks to surface.
Water glides over water.
When there is a lot of water, water acts as a gliding film between two surfaces.
When there is little water, water sticks to a surface on one side, sticks to another on the other side, but there's not enough water to form the gliding film, thus 'increasing friction' not unlike a double sided tape. | 86 |
|
ELI5:Why does so many things cause cancer. | Take smoking cigarettes, everyone says that causes cancer. But how? I thought cancer was just a malfunction in the cells? I know I'm wrong it just doesn't make sense to me | 83 | The chemicals inhaled during smoking interact with your cells and can change your DNA. This now "incorrect" DNA tells your cells to do the wrong thing such as start rapidly reproducing, causing a cancerous growth.
The reason so many things can cause cancer is because there are a lot of things (chemicals, radiation, etc.) that can interact with the molecules that make up our DNA. In fact, your DNA is messed up often but it typically can repair itself. But the more you smoke, the more the DNA has to repair itself, the higher the chance is it makes a mistake while repairing itself. | 95 |
Why is there such a massive gap between galaxies? Why isn't the universe just one giant cluster? | 166 | The gaps between galaxies are not all that large. The distance between the Milky Way and Andromeda is around 2 million light years, and the diameter of the Milky way is around 100,000 light years- so the ratio of the size and distance between galaxies is around 50. Compare that to stars - the ratio between the distance to Alpha centauri and the Sun's size is around 50,000,000.
Galaxies are close enough together that they interact all the time. In fact, we think that the Milky Way and Andromeda will collide in a billion years, forming a giant elliptical galaxy. On the other hand, the distance between stars is so great relative to their size that no stars are expected to collide during this galactic collision.
| 128 |
|
[Fear the Walking Dead] Why does Mexico seem so much better off than the USA in terms of maintaining a society in the apocalypse? | So, we see some undead in Mexico in FTWD, but... nothing compared to the destruction and infestation in America.
Is it because Mexico is more spread out? More arid, which might contribute to the dessication/decomposition of the undead?
Is it because the cartels have a metric fuck-ton of guns and no hesitancy to use them when "rioters" start feasting on the flesh of the living? | 37 | Mexico is very sparsely populated compared to the states. Outside of a handful of tourist cities and state capitols most of Mexico is about as densely populated as the US midwest. People are there but 40 minutes or more of driving between towns which is equivalent to a days worth of walking or more.
The united states has several differences in consumer products as well that while not a major difference will provide Mexico a slightly better survival odds as supply chains are shorter and many goods like dry milk and non refrigerated food stuffs are more readily available in markets. This means people will be better fed and supplied even if the supply chain collapses unlike many regions in the USA where local production of food is impossible.
But the largest difference between the USA and Mexico in the universe is the response of the public. The Americans were told to evacuate to large cities and protected by the military which unfortunately turned many more people than would have happened otherwise. This makes large cities in the US like turned over anthills spreading the walkers into the surrounding regions. Mexico by contrast is more spread out and the military controlled by much more powerful state governors who could direct them differently rather than following a nationwide mandate. Since their population was so spread out and unable to congregate as easily the military was deployed against outbreaks rather than trying to create a "fortress" against outbreaks. | 42 |
If the boiling point of water is approximately 100° C, why does water evaporate on an average day? | I'm a third year meachanical engineering student with a basic thermodynamic background, so don't hesitate using scientific terms.
I've considered varying pressures, but the few ideas that I've come up with seem far fetched and not too plausible.
The reason it confuses me, is that a substance cannot change phase without passing it's boiling point and staying at that specific temperature for the duration of the condensation or evaporation. If this is true, why does water evaporate even at low temperatures? Is what I have just mentioned only an approximation? | 50 | A liquid exists at equilibrium with its vapour. At any given point, individual molecules near the surface may have enough energy to break free and enter the gas phase, while gas phase molecules may hit the liquid with little enough energy to be absorbed into the liquid.
When the atmospheric vapour pressure is lower than the equilibrium vapour pressure, obviously water will continue to enter the gas phase until either equilibrium is established, or you run out of liquid water.
Keeping in mind that temperature is the *average* temperature of a substance, individual particles may well have enough energy to enter the gas phase. This also explains why evaporation is an endothermic process (aside from the thermodynamic explanation of the latent heat of evaporation). As the most energetic particles are removed from the liquid, the average energy (and therefore temperature) decreases. The cooler water then absorbs heat from its surroundings, and the process continues.
The boiling point of a liquid is simply the temperature at which its vapour pressure (which increases with temperature) is equal to the ambient pressure. Hence why water boils at much lower temperatures at higher altitudes. | 104 |
[Computer Science] What are the point of 64 bit programs? When I code 32 bit programs I can still store 32 bit numbers with basically no extra effort. Are there any other advantages? | I can still store 64 bit numbers with basically no extra effort*
Apologies for the mis-title. If a mod would change it that would be much appreciated. | 21 | 64 bit programs are faster than 32 bit programs when it comes to handling 64 bit numbers.
The issue is with addressing. If you want to go to a particular location in memory that is more than 4gb big\*, you have a large address space, and you must use a 64bit pointer to describe that location.
Now if you want to do a lot of work on these location e.g., by starting from one location and then repeating 100,000 times "Go one step forward and changing the data here", you need location updating to be fast and easy. This means optimising the machine architecture for efficient updating of 64-bit numbers instead of focusing on 32-bit numbers.
\* ~3 GB in windows | 21 |
CMV:If you're going to beg for money on the street with a dog, it is in your financial interest to train that dog to wear a pair of novelty glasses and a small hat. | First of all, I'm basing this on something I saw in Cuba. There was an older man who set himself up with a dog in a touristy area. People would walk past him, notice the dog and take a picture and give him some money. During the time of my dinner, I saw this process repeat itself over and over again. This man made a fair amount of hanging out with a dog.
It seemed to me that if you were going to hang out with a dog and ask for money with the small addition of a small hat for the dog and fake glasses you would increase your earning potential
What do you all think?
CMV | 72 | This could go either way, don't you think? Some people would be put off by the guy's "obvious" use of his dog to get more money. And it would also depend on the guy's demeanor - if he were a jolly-ish fellow he'd probably receive more money with a dressed up dog. If he's morose, it may not work. It also depends on the motivations the person giving the money. Does it make the person's plight more palatable if it's done humorously? Is that a reason to give, or just to be helpful. | 12 |
ELI5: What does the US mean when they say the War in Iraq is over? | I was reading this [NY Times](http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/16/world/middleeast/panetta-in-baghdad-for-iraq-military-handover-ceremony.html?hp) article and I am wondering if this means the US will be removing American troops from the Middle East. Does this only apply to Iraq? I assume the US is still active in Afghanistan, but I'm not really sure about any of it. | 50 | All bases will be closed and all troops will be removed from the state. The standard embassy staff will remain, but so far all but two bases have been closed down, with the last two set to be gone by the end of the month.
This does not mean troops will be leaving other countries any time soon. A departure from Afghanistan is planned, but due to the current political situation in the US right now, it's hard to say when that will happen. Also, depending on who is elected president next November, the US presence in the middle East could be extended indefinitely. | 44 |
[Doctor Who] What would happen if you threw a blanket over a Weeping Angel? | You can't technically "see" it, at least not directly. Could it move if you were looking at the blanket? | 57 | You technically aren't seeing one recorded on film either, but it still stops moving when you view the image of it. Being 'observed' and 'seeing' something are different, even if it has a sheet on it, you are still observing it. | 37 |
I don't know anything about economics, is the r/economics reading list good to start with, or is it a bit biased? | It seems like it's slightly biased. I wouldn't know for sure of course. | 23 | Could you explain what you mean by "biased"? It's certainly a list that focuses on mainstream, modern economics... does that mean it's biased in favor of mainstream economics as opposed to heterodox economics? I'd say that depends on who you ask.
It would also be helpful to understand what type of bias you detect looking at the reading list. | 27 |
ELI5: Why do children's stomachs look bloated when they are malnourished? | 69 | It's called kwashiorkor, and is caused by a protein deficiency. In normal conditions, we have proteins floating around in the blood, which causes fluid to be retained due to osmotic forces. However, this protein needs to be replenished. When it isn't, fluids will pool in the soft tissues of the body, and will cause the bloating effect in malnourished children. | 77 |
|
ELI5: Why does NASA use russian capsules instead of making their own capsules? | 54 | Nasa does not "use" russian capsules, instead they book seats on the soyuz capsules which fly from Baikonur, Kazakhstan. There are currently efforts in the USA to develop capsules, by NASA itself but also mainly by private companies like spaceX and ULA. But as long as these are not fully certified and tested they will need to continue to book seats on the soyuz capsules. | 40 |
|
Can other species get Down syndrome/trisomy 21? | Some species don’t have 21 pairs of chromosomes but can they get a Down syndrome like disorder ? | 5,001 | Due to the differences in the genomes, there is no direct equivalent to Down syndrome in animals, but they can get trisomies. One example is trisomy 28 in cattle, which is usually fatal shortly after birth or during gestation. Another example is trisomy 16 in mice, which is used as a limited model for human trisomy 21. | 3,528 |
CMV: Cultural Appropriation is Healthy and Beneficial | Just to preface because I see it coming - when I talk about cultural appropriation, I’m talking about people borrowing cultural products or practices from other cultures. I am **not** talking about blackface, the Washington Redskins, or anything of that sort, because those are plain racism. Blackface isn't part of African-American culture, and "redskin" isn't part of Native American culture.
The way I understand it, cases of cultural appropriation usually make several assumptions that I disagree with. Not every case will involve all assumptions, but these are common themes that tend to come up. These assumptions are:
1. Cultural products usually develop within a single culture
So many well-known cultural products are the result of centuries if not millenia of cultures borrowing from one another. Italian food would be unrecognizable without tomatoes, but these didn't exist in Italy until they were brought over from the new world. Hip-hop and trap music are uniquely African-American genres, but they would NEVER exist as we know them today without the Japanese synthesizers that defined their sounds (the MPC for hip-hop and 808 for trap).
2. Culture is defined by the way you look
According to the logic of cultural appropriation, a European-American wearing a ceremonial Vietnamese dress is offensive, but an Asian-American wearing the same dress isn't, even if the Asian-American was was born in the US, does not speak Vietnamese, and has the same knowledge of Vietnamese culture that most Americans have (which is, basically none). This assumption is inherently racist because it categorizes people by their looks. This is also why you won't hear about cultural appropriation when Chinese people wear Vietnamese clothes, or when Ethiopians borrow from west-african culture, even though these groups come from fundamentally different cultures. This mindset ignores the rich, mind-boggling beauty and diversity of Asian and African cultures, classifying people instead based on their skin color.
The common counter-argument for this is that white people (whatever that means) are colonizers and therefore when they borrow from an Asian or African culture it's demeaning. But this argument itself is ethnocentric, because it views white Americans as the center of the world, ignoring around literally a 1,000 years of aggressive Chinese colonialism in Vietnam, as well as warfare among different African tribes and nations.
3. Borrowing from someone else's culture means that the original people of that culture get less recognition for their culture
I agree that this does happen and happens often. For example, Elvis was an excellent musician, but there were many other Rock n' Roll artists that were just as talented. They didn’t succeed as much because they were black. However, this isn't a problem with borrowing culture, but with how a racist audience receives this culture. In other words, the problem isn't with Elvis, it's with his listeners.
4. If something is sacred to you, others should treat it as sacred as well
This is something that comes up, for example, when non-native-american people wear war bonnets (which traditionally carry a lot of significance in native cultures). I don’t accept this argument, because just because you think something is sacred, doesn’t entitle you to force others to think so as well. A lot of people think that the idea of marriage being between a man and a woman is sacred, but that doesn’t entitle them to make others think that way too.
5. Using another culture’s products is OK as long as you study and understand its cultural significance
I 100% support people learning and getting to know other cultures. But practically, this can’t be a prerequisite to borrowing cultural products. I don’t need to pass an Italian history quiz to eat pasta. In addition, this is usually a double standard because many times people engage in practices from their own culture while having little to no knowledge of their traditional significance or origins.
Bottom line, I fail to see any meaningful harm in cultural borrowing, particularly considering its awesome benefits. Living in the US, I'm surrounded everyday by amazing things that would never have been created if this country wasn't the confluence of people from literally hundreds of cultures. CMV! | 22 | I think you're misunderstanding appropriation and appreciation.
It is one thing to use things from other cultures if it enhances the understanding of that culture.
While many get angry over appropriation when it is simply appreciation, the reason why appropriation is how we end up with the satirical stereotypes like Chinese wearing big round hats with buck teeth, Jewish people with giant noses and Mexicans as gardeners. There are tons of companies making money off of this imagery. The issue is that it makes it difficult for these cultures to not have these images because they are so common. It is offensive and it makes people less interested in learning about these cultures that are essentially jokes.
A white person opening a taco shop because of their appreciation of Mexican cuisine is not appropriation. Especially if they learned their technique from Mexican sources, because then they are simple an interim voice for that culture. | 19 |
[Doom]Where on earth does Doomguy carry his huge arsenal? | I hope it’s not where I think he’s carrying it... | 21 | Weapons that fold down to make them easier for transportation, plus some localized teleportation technology.
Or he summons them with his anger, like an extremely pissed off wizard. It... might explain why ripping a demon apart with his bare hands may turn their blood into bullets and healing items. | 23 |
Student Evaluation Question | I taught an adjunct class and received poor student evaluations. The comments all cite the fact that the students were told there would be a final only two weeks before class ended. This is true. When I was hired, my syllabus was approved by the Dept head. I was told I should require a full term paper and no final exam. We even sat down together and discussed my syllabus in her office. Then, later in the semester, the Dept. Head changed. Two weeks before the end of the semester, the new Dept head told me I needed to give the students a final exam. I argued bc I knew I would receive poor reviews as this was unfair to the students (who I’m sure signed up for the class specifically for its lack of an exam) but he insisted and I complied because I was an adjunct and afraid of angering him. I even remember telling him “I can’t do that to them; it’s not fair” and him saying something like, “you are the professor and anything is fair”. Now, I am applying to another teaching position and this is the only class that has student evaluations and my new position asks me for evaluations.
How do I explain this to my new potential employer during the job application? I want to take responsibility but I also truly don’t know how else I could have handled this situation. I want to explain the situation but I don’t want to seem like I’m blaming my Department Head for the bad reviews, though I absolutely blame him. I worry blaming him will look like poor character during a job interview. All poor reviews specifically state this issue as the reason for my poor reviews- and I don’t blame them. The students should have been angry. I made it an extremely easy exam but it wasn’t fair to me or the students that my boss suddenly told me I needed to do this.
Maybe more importantly, if a situation like this happens again- in which a Dept head insists I change my course or do something I know will be disruptive to the students after the course has already begun- what can I do to stand my ground and refuse to do it? | 48 | For future reference, you could have tried pushing back due to academic freedom, perhaps with the support of a faculty senate, union, or other department members. Or just refused to give in even without such support. Basically, the reasoning behind pushing back is that they’re not going to rehire you with shitty evals anyway, so might as well make a stand for academic freedom.
Can you be selective about which parts of the evals you show?
First semester teaching evals might not be weighted too heavily, especially during the pandemic.
If you do choose to include them as is, make a point in your teaching statement (or cover letter) about the importance of balancing being a team player, with what is best for students’ learning and the rigor of the class, and that students’ enjoyment of a class (which is what evals usually reflect) is secondary (or tertiary) to those. | 40 |
Why do elderly people sound old? | What is it about one’s vocal chords/intonation/enunciation that causes them to physically sound older? I can tell when the person who answers the phone is young, middle aged or elderly. Why? | 24 | Voice and speech pathologist here. The aging of the voice is known as vocal senescence. The auditory characteristics that cause a perceptual change in aged voices were studied by Iwao Honjo and Nobuhiko Isshiki in an article in 1978 in the journal Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica entitled ‘Laryngoscopic and Vocal Characteristics of Aged Persons’ They reported that “laryngoscopic and vocal changes in aged persons were examined in 20 males and 20 females whose ages ranged from 69 to 85 years, with the mean of 75 years. From their recorded voices, assessment of voice quality, measurements of both the fundamental frequency, and the pitch perturbation were carried out.
“The characteristic findings obtained were as follows: (a) the aged males tended to show a marked vocal cord atrophy and/or edema with a higher fundamental frequency of voice (mean of 162Hz) than that in adult males, (b) the aged females tended to have a vocal cord edema and slight hoarseness with a relatively lower fundamental frequency (mean of 165Hz) than that of adult females.
“Vocal changes in senescence are characterized by slight hoarseness or a noticeable change in fundamental frequency of voice.
“The change of vocal cords in terms of mass, such as atrophy or edema is considered to be the most responsible factor in the above vocal changes during senescence.” | 26 |
ELI5: How insurance companies can legally not cover your various bills based on loop holes but are not required to pay you back for all your payments over the years? | I have always found this as one of the saddest things about the world we live in today, and never understood it. How can one side not hold hold up their end of a deal and still keep all the payments they have recieved for that service? | 101 | You bought insurance against X.
You didn't buy insurance against Y.
If Y happens, there's no reason for the insurance company to do anything.
If you thought you were insured against Y, this would be frustrating for you, but still nothing to do with the insurance company.
If the insurance company deliberately made it difficult to understand what was and wasn't covered, or even led you to believe that you were insured against Y, now you might have cause to say they owe you something. But it's not having a loophole that would be the issue but deliberately concealing the loophole would be. | 29 |
[General Sci Fi] Why do most human space ships have an exposed bridge? Captain and bridge officers can easily be killed. Why not put put it like inside the bow of the ship? | Just a question on something i always find weird | 963 | usually it dubbles as a observation deck, and usually this only a case where space battles take place at very close ranges, like star wars where a weapons maximum effective range isnt much more than 1000 km or so, if even that. generally, yes its better to sit at the safest place in the ship and just view the battle from cameras and holograms, but if your visual tech is bad, the ranges are very short and there runs a risk of losing a visual, it can sometimes be useful to just use your eyes.
but there is a **very** niche situation where ithe benefit of having visusal sight of a target outweights the benefit of a safe bridge. 99% of the time, its better to place the bridge inside the ship. | 507 |
[Spider-Man] How did Peter hide his massive new muscle build? | If his transformation was at the level of, say, Captain America, how could he have hid it from his parents? Also, how did he justify not needing glasses? | 16 | Peter never got massive. His strength is superhuman (and technically supernatural in many continuities), so while he's very well toned from his activities, he never got bulky.
Meanwhile, Cap got a boost up to be the fastest and strongest that a regular human could be, a theoretical "peak" human who went from the stereotypical 98-lb weakling to well over double his original weight due to the massive physical gains. | 39 |
CMV: It's immoral to spend any more money than what you must spend for basic needs and reasonable comfort, when that money could be used to help people in need. | **GONNA START OFF RIGHT NOW BY SAYING I DON'T LIVE BY THIS RULE.**
Reasons being:
1. I am 16 and (obviously) live with my family still, I don't have a job or any personal income to speak of. I don't have the financial independence to live by this creed.
2. It sounds like not much fun
One of those reasons is pretty valid and one definitely isn't.
I believe this because it just makes the most logical sense to me. Why on earth would it be fair for me to walk around with a new pair of shoes when there's people I can see *in my own damn neighborhood* who can't afford a square meal, to speak nothing of comfortable clothing? It's just...wrong.
That's why I think that as soon as somebody has their basic needs and some *reasonable, modest* comforts like a TV, and air conditioning, any more money past that should go to a charity, or similarly be used for good.
**I'm really, really not trying to be high and mighty about this**. I don't live like this, and honestly even when I move out and start making my own money I don't think I'd be able to bring myself to throw out the PC and the cellphone and the car. I also don't think there's any non-arbitrary specific point where it could be declared that someone is being selfish with their money, and also everybody's definition of "basic needs and modest comforts" is probably different. I think you still get my meaning.
I still believe, speaking in idealistic terms, it's unjustifiable to keep to yourself what would be best spent saving others.
**EDIT:** My V has been C'd! /u/Lesser_Frigate_Bird made a good comment please read it. Keep the responses coming if you want though!
**EDIT2:** A couple of challenges have been along the lines of, "where do you draw the line on what's a basic need and what's frivolous spending?" to which I'd have to respond, "I don't know but I think you catch my drift". Obviously if we were going to codify this belief into law there would need to be a strict number or strict criteria but on an individual basis, even though it'd be different from person to person, I think everybody knows roughly what's a reasonable need or desire and what's too much.
_____
> *Hello, users of CMV! This is a footnote from your moderators. We'd just like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please remember to* ***[read through our rules](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/rules)***. *If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* ***[downvotes don't change views](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/guidelines#wiki_upvoting.2Fdownvoting)****! If you are thinking about submitting a CMV yourself, please have a look through our* ***[popular topics wiki](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/populartopics)*** *first. Any questions or concerns? Feel free to* ***[message us](http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=/r/changemyview)***. *Happy CMVing!* | 32 | This line of thinking would collapse entire economies and do more harm in the long term. Consider that the only reason most of us have any money at all to donate is because we have jobs made possible by people with spending money. | 23 |
Is it reasonable to request consulting fees and how to approach it? | I'm a post-doc at a public research center. I was recently contacted by a small start-up company building scientific equipment. They want to build software to control their hardware product, and during my Ph.D. I built a small software tool that does something they also want their software to do. They informed me they may want to integrate part of my code in their thing, asked me whether I can demonstrate it to them, and asked whether I have any advice on other software they can look into.
My code is freely available on GitHub under the MIT license, so I can't object to them just taking and using it as they please, but in my opinion that doesn't come with free advice. It's not much they are asking and if this was a request coming from researchers at a university/public institute I would be totally down for a sit-down to explain things and possibly collaborate. The people at this company do have academic ties, but giving out free advice to a company aiming to profit from a product just rubs me the wrong way, even if it's just a struggling start-up.
That's why I was thinking to offer help but only under some consulting arrangement. But how can one communicate this in an effective, serious but friendly way? As a post-doc who has not had to care at all about contracts or administration, I wouldn't even know how to formalize such a process especially given that the company is in another country. I also wouldn't know what to charge. Should I get my research institute involved or is this a private matter?
I was wondering whether anyone here has any advice or experiences with consulting for companies as an academic. Thanks.
Edit:
Thanks for this huge response, very cool to see all these different perspectives. I perhaps should have clarified that I'm based in Europe and the company is based in the US. I've decided to take the approach of first asking what the institute policy is and whether I'm even allowed to do additional consulting work. If this is allowed, I think the approach of u/zukerblerg fits best with my personality - offer a short free chat to gauge expectations and highlight my own value. As I have never been contacted like this before and as I see this as an opportunity to pad the ol' c.v. with a different kind of experience, I would be content with an average/lower rate. If I start getting feature/bugfix requests however that could change - development always takes a lot more time than expected. | 80 | Absolutely, don't do it for free. You can just inform them you would be happy to help and that your hourly consulting fee is X. For shirt term engagements, say under 20 hours total, a good rule of thumb is to charge 2X your salary rate. For an one time short event you probably don't need permission from your institution. But, check your employment handbook. | 115 |
When my Dad served in Vietnam he said he saw a Caucasian women, blond hair, blue eyes that was completely locally cultured. She spoke local language and her "family" were natives. He's always been curious what her story was. Who was she/they? | He was serving in the U.S. Navy at the time in an area (very rural) he called Mac Hoa which was near a river on the border with Cambodia. Not sure if he was in Vietnam or Cambodia at the time. He saw this women that was blond haired, blue eyed that was breastfeeding her baby. He said she looked in her late teens/early 20s. She didn't speak English and ran off when a local (either Vietnamese or Cambodian) spoke to her in local language. He said she was completely locally cultured. I asked if she could have been albino and he said definitely not. What could her story have been? Where there French colonists that became inseparable from local culture? Were there locals that raised French children and the parents left? Any leads would be greatly appreciated. | 31 | If you're asking about french nationals/settlers/soldiers who stayed or were left behind in Vietnam after the battle of Dien Bien Phu, /r/askhistorians may have more information. If you do get a good answer there, please share it here! | 44 |
ELI5: When a charger is plugged in the outlet but the end isn't plugged into a device, what happens to the electricity running through? | edit: thanks for all the answers, cool stuff | 34 | No electricity runs through the connector when no device is attached. Some of the connector pins charge up, but the voltage is too low to create a spark. Some parts of the circuit might be powered, which is purely wasted electric power, so in general you should unplug devices when not connected. | 19 |
Wondering if there’s a specific name for this “fallacy”... | I have a lot of trouble with thinking “Welp. I’ve already fucked it, may as well give up completely.”
For example, if I get a bad mark on an assignment I lack motivation to keep trying for the rest of the course. My partner has taking to calling it “Reverse sunk cost fallacy.” | 77 | This sounds more like a cognitive distortion than a fallacy. Perhaps "faulty generalization", "jumping to conclusions", or "negativity bias". You could look up a list of them online and see which apply to you. | 48 |
CMV: The play video/movie button (Triangle) should be shown when the video is paused, and the pause button (Two vertical lines) should be shown when the video is playing. | This is a minor UI thing in video/movie streaming services, but it bugs me for some inexplicable reason. Recently, in streaming services like certain versions of Disney Plus, the pause indicator appears when the video is paused, and the play button appears when the video is playing. Let's call this **Type A**. In many other services, the inverse is true: the play button appears when the video is paused, and so on. Let's call this **Type B**.
The reason why I think Type B is better is because the two buttons act as toggles. When you click the play button triangle, the video should play: the action matches the icon that you clicked. When you click the pause lines, the video should pause. In real life, when you press a labeled button, the action that resembles the label is what follows.
TLDR; When the play button (Right facing triangle) is visible and you click it, the video should play. When the pause button (Two vertical lines) is visible and you click it, the video should pause.
I'm open to having my mind changed. | 36 | Type B works for pcs tablets and phones where you interact with the screen (finger or mouse). But for TVs type B makes no sense. There is no toggle, you use a dedicated button.
So if your service is mainly targeted for TVs go with type A. | 15 |
ELI5: How does the Nintendo 3DS work? | How does the 3DS display 3D gameplay with just turning the switch on? | 17 | The screen is displaying two images at once, in alternating vertical columns. In front of the screen is a barrier that blocks half of the columns. When you're at the right distance away from the screen, the barrier blocks one image entirely for one eye, and the other for the other eye, creating a 3D effect. At the wrong distance, you get a garbled mess of both images. Turning the effect off just causes the entire screen to display the same image. The barrier is still there, but now it doesn't matter what angle you view it from, both eyes will see the same image. | 20 |
When a star goes super nova, is the gold fused inside the star's core, or does the shockwave fuse matter in it's outer orbit? Neither/both? | Just wondering. You folks are great. | 5,295 | The "core" never really fuses gold, as the core is only ever capable of fusing up to iron, and only the heaviest stars will ever get to that point. Smaller stars like our sun can only provide enough temperature and pressure through gravity to fuse up to oxygen and carbon, and then die out as white dwarfs. As gold is significantly heavier than iron, a star's core can never produce it while it's still "alive."
Iron is the point at which further fusion reactions require you to add energy rather than the reaction producing any. That's the point at which the core suddenly collapses and begins the supernova, because the iron is not producing energy pressure to hold up the weight of the rest of the star anymore.
As the core collapses, unless it's so heavy that it collapses straight into a black hole, it stops and "bounces" at the point it creates a neutron star, which can hold itself up through other methods than fusion. The rebound shock wave briefly produces energies and pressures even higher than the fusion core of the original star. This brief period is capable of fusing the rest of the elements heavier than iron on the periodic table.
However it's funny you ask about gold, because up until now, we didn't think this brief period during a supernova was sufficient to create the amount of gold we actually see in the universe. Very recently, we observed two neutron stars orbiting and colliding into each other. This seems to create enough temperature and pressure for long enough to explain the rest of the gold out there. | 2,888 |
[Star Trek] We just made first contact! The aliens say our planet is inside something called the "Klingon Empire." What happens now? | 39 | You prepare a parade to welcome your new overlords. And thats to buy time for you to stockpile your valuables at the end of the parade route so they don't have to go looting. you don't want them to loot. Welcome to the Empire! | 33 |
|
[W40K](1)Has pizza survived 40th millennium? (2)Has it made it to Tau human worlds? Obviously you can't join them if they don't have pizza. (3)What other foods common in the world today are known to exist in 40K, if any? | 320 | It's probable that Pizza might have been lost and reinvented several times over by this point. So it's hard to say.
Your average hive going imperial might have something like pizza, assuming you can make it out of whatever ingredients the hive has access to. But when compared to our pizza they are unlikely to be so alike. | 210 |
|
[Matrix]What happens when a Bluepill (unfreed human) gets killed in the matrix? | Do they die and their remains liquified for the others or do they just get reset again with their mind wiped of the incident, same question goes for when an Agent takes over a bluepills body too | 18 | When someone dies in the Matrix, their body is broken down into the protein sludge used to feed other humans or grow new ones. This happens no matter how they die.
If someone is controlled by an Agent then their higher brain functions (i.e. their conscious mind) is suspended while their RSI is controlled by the Agent. If the Agent is killed so are they, as if they went to sleep and never woke up. | 29 |
If evolution involves subtle changes in DNA structure, why aren't there more "transitional" species (e.g. more birds that can't really fly, or half-fish/half-land-creatures) alive today? | It seems like there would be an abundance of these transitional creatures, and the "end result" (species as we know them today) would be much smaller in comparison.
Notwithstanding fossils that may exist but we have not yet found, shouldn't we see many of these creatures living in the wild right now? It seems like there should be *some* transitional species that, while their numbers are dwindling since they are at some sort of disadvantage, are nevertheless still around. | 15 | All the species are transitional. The word "transitional" only works retrospectively, as we normally do not know in which direction a species is evolving, and with several species to compare.
edit:
Let's take you, and next to you your mother, and her mother and so on. If you take enough mothers, you will eventually reach a mother that looks like a small, furry animal you have never seen before. But you can see all the mothers/daughters lined up. Some have more than one child that will turn out to be different animals. Monkeys are standing closer to you, and manatees further away.
Mind that it was of course not the same individual that gave birth to different species. Imagine painting with watercolors, and from a central red you go with one brush to green and with another to blue. If the steps inbetween are as small as in evolution, you won't be able to tell them apart for a very long time.
To come back to the transitional species: each of them is - retrospectively - a transitional state. But evolution has no goal to reach, and thus no end of the transition. Yes, you are the end at the moment, but with your children, it will continue. | 42 |
[Community] Does Community share a universe with a different (actual) TV show? | ITT: Nerdgasm | 110 | Its relationship with Cougar Town is weird as Hell. Abed (the character) *played* an extra on Cougar Town, relating the experience to Jeff in Community, while Cougar Town made reference to Community (the show) in one of their episodes. At a different point, either actors or characters from Cougar Town cameo'd on Community.
So not exactly same universe, but what they are to each other is difficult to say. | 98 |
Could a person determine their location or what year it is based on the position of the stars they see? | Often in science fiction, when a ship or person is flung to an unknown location, they often use the position of the stars or either determine that they are in the past or they're in another galaxy.
Is this possible? | 24 | Yes. Ancient navigators used the stars to determine their latitude all the time. The angle between Polaris and the horizon in particular can give you an idea of your latitude in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the angle between a particular star and the horizon *at a particular time* can give you an idea of your latitude. (Longitude is determined by the difference between your local time and the time at the Prime Meridian.)
If you were somehow flung into the far future, you could get an idea of what year it is based on which constellations are visible at which time of year, something that changes over time. This is caused by a phenomenon called "precession", which is a fancy way of saying that the Earth wobbles on its rotational axis. (This happens to be why your astrological sign isn't what you think it is -- most astrologers use a date scheme that's many centuries out of date.)
Also, the stars move relative to each other over time, which causes distortions in the constellations. If you know the positions and velocities of the stars in a given year, you can extrapolate what year it is currently based on the difference between where you observe the stars to be and where they were in that other year.
Finally, if you found yourself in a random place in the galaxy that was still within the sphere containing all the major stars in all the constellations, you could triangulate your position based on the known positions of those stars relative to the Earth, and where you observe those stars to be in your sky at your current location. | 22 |
CMV: Having a cat or a dog as a pet in a city apartment is not animal-friendly. | I understand that there are benefits on both sides. Pets make people happy, they make them feel less lonely and are sometimes their best or only companion in life. Also for the pet, coming from a shelter to a home is like hitting the jackpot.
Nevertheless, I feel like a cat cannot be happy living in an apartment and never going outside. Dogs have it better, at least they get walked outside a few times a day. Still, spending the day alone in a city flat, waiting for the owner to come home from work and not being able to run outside and explore (in a garden, for instance), cannot be animal-friendly. This is not how they are meant to live.
I believe the downsides outweigh the benefits, but I’m open to hear arguments that could change my view.
Edit: Regarding many comments about cats going outside endangering wildlife here is my statement. I wasn’t aware of this fact nor the official recommendation to keep cats indoors due to that. Thank you for your input.
Edit2: In addition to the above stated recommendations, I learned that there are cats/dogs that are “suitable” also for a city apartment. This applies more to cats, though. Many commenters state that their cats show no interest in being outside or are frightened to be. In this regard, I will leave the question what was first - the egg or the chicken - unanswered. In terms of dogs, it is not as clear as with cats, it depends on several parameters, e.g. breed, size of apartment and activity opportunities. Of course, in both cases it is in owner’s hands to provide the best possible conditions for the pet.
City apartment is better than shelter, we all agree on that. Why we have so many animals in the shelter, esp. a few month after Christmas, is another topic.
Cats and dogs living in the country have it better because they can choose whether to go outside or stay in. This still remains the top choice for me. Everything else is a compromise, but can be beneficial for pet and owner, if done in the right way.
I will award deltas accordingly. | 702 | It's actually widely recommended by most veterinarians that you *don't* let your cat outside, for various reasons:
* They're a non-native species that disrupts the natural ecosystem by killing native birds and rodents
* They're more likely to contract or spread diseases like FIV of feline leukemia to and from other outdoor cats and stray cats
* They're more likely to contract or spread tick and flea-borne illnesses to and from other cats
* They're more likely to become pregnant/get a stray cat pregnant, if they're not spayed or neutered
* They're more likely to get injured or killed (hit by a car, eaten by a coyote, eat rat poison, etc.)
* They're more likely to get lost | 1,199 |
[Terminator] Why do some terminators scream when they're about to die? | Like the T-1000 in the molten metal and the T-X when it was going to blow up. Are they raging out? | 102 | Terminators are programmed to simulate human behavior in all its forms, although their ability to do so is hampered by the pre-settings of their chips. The only human behavior that is limited is stuff that would impact their mission (I.E, morals/emotion.) Since the mission is already failed at that point, the restrictions don't apply.
| 56 |
ELI5: Why is Braille not just bumped out letters of the alphabet? | I'm pretty sure it's just because it would take up too much space, but am not sure. | 4,065 | That was the old system, before braille.
Braille was specifically designed because the old system was near impossible to read for blind people. The similarities between letters like G Q O C were a massive annoyance, and placed a limit on how fast you could actually read.
In contrast, the easily distinguished individual dots were a huge improvement. | 4,198 |
[MCU] What happened before Avengers Infinity War that led to Stark's incorporation of nanotech into his armor? The earlier Iron Man armors are advanced technology, then there's a leap to the armor being almost magical. Is there a reason for this incredible leap in technology? | 820 | Tony Stark's greatest limitation has always been his own lack of motivation and ambition. For most of his life, he did the bare minimum he could to maintain his position as a billionaire playboy. He improved the Extremis in one night while drunk. And based on Stane's interactions it doesn't seem like Tony wasn't that involved in the day to day business activities while at the same time the scientist working for Stark Tech, recognized that they weren't on par with Tony.
It wasn't until Afganistan that Tony gained any focus, but at that time he was only going up against Earth-based threats. The first few challenges he faced were people using derivatives of his own technology. He didn't need to innovate that much yet.
The next big push was the Invasion of New York, which showed him that there was a much bigger universe and larger threats. His reaction was the Ultron Project, this required a significant work but also ended up being a major failure. This left him back at square one while also his conversations with Thor further convinced him of the need for better weapons.
And this is what leads to the nano-tech, Tony was now focused and eager to create something powerful. Tony always had the capacity to create nano-tech he just never had the drive to do it. But, once he had the motivation to sit down for a few months/years creating it wasn't an issue. | 565 |
|
CMV: People who claim *insert musician/band here* saved my life are almost always exaggerating and statements like this trivialize suicide. | As a big music listener, I constantly see references to certain songs "saving" people's lives. For example, comments on music videos on YouTube as well as Hopeless Records' series of compilations titled "Songs that Saved My Life". I can only imagine the majority of these claims aren't sincere / literal.
In my opinion, statements such as this greatly downplay the seriousness of suicide and are disrespectful to genuine suicide survivors. Whilst promoting discussion around mental health is important, portraying depression and other mental illnesses as "cool" is problematic and should be stopped. | 148 | > portraying depression and other mental illnesses as "cool" is problematic and should be stopped.
They're not saying "depression and suicide are cool". They're saying it's cool how music can resonate with people, carry a message and encourage someone to keep going through seemingly hopeless times in their life. | 141 |
Given the extreme difficulty of unifying Gravity with the other three fundamental forces is it not likely that it's just a completely unrelated phenomenon? | As I understand it gravity is a fairly stable deformation of spacetime (or, possibly the cause of the deformation, I'm unclear on the specifics), while the other three forces have no similar effect. In fact it seems to behave completely differently from the others, and to me this suggests it isn't similar enough to be unified (seems like suggesting that a rope and a phone call are similar because they can, given the right circumstances, be used to move an object closer to me). Why, then, is there such a strong desire within the physics community to unify them? Or (and I consider this far more likely, given my relative ignorance on the subject compared to actual physics researchers) am I completely missing something? | 50 | As is always the case in research, we don't know in advance how things will work out, so certainly the quest for unification is driven by aesthetics.
However, there are scientific similarities that can be found among the forces. For example, all the forces we know of are founded on what are called *local symmetries*---the equations of motion are left unchanged by transformations that can vary from point to point in space and time. Furthermore, it is known that if you take gravity in a higher number dimensions and reduce it to the world we know (3 space and 1 time dimensions), the resulting theory looks like gravity as we know it in 3+1 dimensions plus some additional things, and those additional things naturally appear as gauge theories, the same class of theories that our models of the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces fall into.
| 13 |
ELI5: Does colorblindness affect the functionality of old-school 3D glasses? | 88 | It’s not seeing in red or blue that makes the glasses work. It’s the red or blue light being stopped by the lenses before it ever hits the eye. This splits the combined image into two separate images. | 68 |
|
[Robot/Empire/Foundation] In over 20,000 years of Galactic History, Spacer tech of robots and life extension never re-appeared across Galactic culture. Why? | There was a huge culture clash between the the first interstellar culture, the Spacers, which started out in the 21st century, and the Settlers which came 1500 years later. Spacers viewed Settlers as declasse and vulgar, and Settlers viewed the Spacers, genetically engineered to live over 400 years, as effete and decadent, hopelessly dependent on robots, and had a great dislike of Spacer technology.
Eventually the Settlers won out and the Spacer populations either died out or were absorbed into Settler populations. But the Settler wave of immigration started around 3500 AD and the Galactic Empire was founded around 12000 AD. By that time, the conflict between the Spacers and Settlers was ancient history and the Spacers were all long gone. The Galactic Empire lasted 12000 years before the Foundation, and by that time even the existence of Earth was a lost, forgotten memory. During this time, it was explicitly stated that not even the Emperor of the Galaxy had access to life extension.
So in over 20,000 years of time and technological advancement, none of the tens of thousands of worlds of the Galaxy, during pre-Empire, Empire, or Foundation times, ever re-introduced either robotics or life extension? How did this not happen? | 37 | R. Daneel Olivaw is why.
Seeing what life extension technology did to the Spacers, Daneel was convinced it was in humanity's best interest that such technology not be used.
From there he is compelled by the Zeroth Law to manipulate human affairs such that the technology never gets redeveloped. | 16 |
Will taxing the rich actually cost us more? | So [this image](https://i.imgur.com/R4hlM5c.jpg) has been making the rounds on Facebook. On the surface it makes sense, big guys get money taken from them, so they take more money from the little guy to even out. However, is this actually correct? I don't know if I'm not thinking deep enough, but doesn't this create a scenario where small businesses will be able to compete better?
Any business that gets hit by the tax will want to raise their prices to try and even things out, but doing so would make themselves less competitive to the smaller businesses that aren't affected by the tax. That means they can't just up their prices without losing a competitive edge.
Going a layer deeper it likely most businesses big or small are getting their inventory from big-time suppliers that are going to be affected by the tax and so they will raise their prices and that would, in turn, affect the smaller businesses as well. However, wouldn't competition again prevent a jump in prices? Unless they all raise their prices at the same time, some will offer a better deal getting more business and maintaining profit at a lower margin.
There is also the element of foreign competition, but I'm not well versed enough to know how they will be affected by the tax plan. However, unless the foreign competition is hit even harder they will still be a competing factor also driving down prices.
I'm not sure how much my thought process would apply to the real estate side of the image since that can have major differences depending on where in the country you are.
Thoughts from those more knowledgeable on these matters?
​ | 113 | The question you’re asking has to do with something called “tax incidence,” if you’d like to read more. In general, it means that the tax gets passed along to whoever is least willing to change their behavior to avoid it. Cigarette sellers, for instance, may pass along taxes on them to the buyer, because addicts will buy cigarettes at any price. If an apple seller, however, hiked her prices, then perhaps people would buy oranges instead, so she pays the tax herself.
The idea that a business owner will have pass her income taxes along to you, however, seems unlikely to me for several reasons. Firstly because business income does not always, or even typically, face the same taxes as wages. Jeff Bezos, for instance, would not pay any additional taxes if income taxes over 400k were raised, since he famously pays himself 80k a year in wages.
Second, many economists believe that the super highly paid owe their incomes, in part, to economic “rents”—that is, money they make from market power rather than productive activity. If so, removing the incentives for rent-seeking, by taxing ill-gotten profits away, could actually benefit consumers. This second point is one of active research in modern economics, and more controversial, but needless to say, this Facebook post does not even begin to tackle the complex problem of tax incidence. It takes for granted one particular model of incidence, and does not even reflect the way that business taxes work in the US. | 158 |
When I donate blood, I sometimes wonder: What happens if the blood recipient is allergic to something I recently ate? | Do the allergens make it into the blood stream or does the digestive system destroy any molecules that could create an allergic reaction? | 16 | Food allergies typically act on tissues the food encounters before digestion, such as the oral and esophageal mucosa, resulting in swelling or rashes of the throat leading to constricted airways. Once the food enters the stomach the allergens are broken down before entering the bloodstream, so blood to blood transmission of allergens is minimal. | 22 |
ELI5: Chinese Politics; how does it work? | I'm a Westerner who hears so many conflicting things about Chinese politics. I like to think I understand the US political system pretty well but the Chinese one I don't understand at all. Is it communist? Is it capitalist? Is it democratic?
Maybe this is the wrong kind of question for ELI5. I don't think most five year olds even know what politics really is. But if someone could try and explain it to me that would be great. | 17 | The Chinese government is probably best described as market-Leninism. The economy is fairly free market and capitalist with private citizens allowed to own property and even start their own businesses. The government however is still very similar to the original political system devised by early revolutionaries like Lenin. The government is completely controlled by the communist party from the village to the national level. The party has 3 main responsibilities: personnel, propaganda, and the PLA.
Unlike the US where the US military is the military of the US, the PLA is not the military of China, but is rather the military of the party. As a result the military becomes very powerful politically within the party, something that would never happen in the US. Chinese leaders must have the full backing of the military in order to be effective.
The party is also responsible for controlling the media. The Propaganda Department controls how much coverage should be given to certain topics. For example lots of press coverage was given to the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands standoff with Japan while protests in Tibet are pretty much ignored.
The party is also responsible for overseeing the appointment of all officials and positions of influence. All personnel decisions must be made with the approval of the Organization Department.
In terms of policy making, the most powerful organ is the Politburo Standing Committee, which is made up of 5-9 party members each responsible for one thing, who then make decisions based on consensus. The National People's Congress (Chinese Congress) is theoretically the most powerful but mainly serves to simply approve everything the PSC does. Occasionally they will make mediate any sort of policy differences/conflicts between different parts of the party.
The most powerful person within the PSC is the Paramount Leader (Xi JinPing) who also holds the office of President, General Secretary of the Party, and Head of the Central Military Commission. He's the most powerful person in China and the person who hold the most power and influence but his word is not the law (as it was back in the Mao era). He must cooperate with the rest of the PSC and party.
Finally there is the State Council, which is headed by the Premier (Li YuanChao) which administrates everything by issuing directives/orders, drafting bills for the PSC/NPC, and balancing the budget. The State Council is where the party and the government fuse together.
tl;dr there are 3 branches: The party, the government, and the military. The party's decisions are made by the PSC (headed by the President/Paramount Leader) with the approval of the NPC. The government is embodied by the State Council, led by the Premier, and is responsible for administrating everything and putting everything together. The military is the PLA, which is responsible for keeping order and its support is also needed by the rest of the party.
| 12 |
Does Earth have the most varied elemental composition in the solar system? | On the surface, Earth looks like a very diverse planet compared to the monotone wastelands of the other planets. However, I wonder if this translates to actual elemental diversity, I.e. a relatively high standard deviation of atomic number. | 342 | If you don't count man-made elements, Earth is pretty typical for the inner planets in our solar system when it comes to abundance of elements.
During the birth of the Solar System, the orbits of the inner planets was too warm for *volatile* molecules like water and methane to condense. Thus, Venus, Earth Mars etc have a lot more compounds with high melting points, such as metals and rocky silicates, since these compounds clumped together during accretion while the volatile compounds continued to float around until the were captured by the high gravity planets forming in the outer solar system.
The terrain looks diverse because earth's gravity is strong enough to keep an atmosphere, and the temperature is *just right* for water in the atmosphere to be liquid some of the time. This liquid water forms oceans, causes erosion, and makes it possible for life to form. Those oceans, erosions and life is what provides the zest or color to our landscapes.
For a look at what the elements in earth would look like without water or an atmosphere, just look at the moon. It's a monotone wasteland with pretty much the exact same elemental abundance as the earth. | 92 |
CMV: Under genuine anarchy, life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. | In Leviathan, Hobbes famously uses the phrase of a ["war of all against all"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellum_omnium_contra_omnes) to describe a state of nature absent civil society. I think Hobbes' famous description of this is accurate as a description of an anarchic society:
>Hereby it is manifest that during the time men live without a common Power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called War; and such a war as is of every man against every man. In such condition there is no place for Industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no Culture of the Earth; no Navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by Sea; no commodious Building; no Instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force; no Knowledge of the face of the Earth; no account of Time; no Arts; no Letters; no Society; and which is worst of all, continual Fear, and danger of violent death; And the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.
I do not necessarily think this is true of all social structures which might be called "anarchism" since many of those are really just different usually more local government.
When I say anarchy, I use Hobbes' definition above where "men live without a common Power to keep them all in awe." Awe means to me here that there is a fear of the common power that generally compels compliance with its edicts by the threat of force.
_____
> *This is a footnote from the CMV moderators. We'd like to remind you of a couple of things. Firstly, please* ***[read through our rules](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/rules)***. *If you see a comment that has broken one, it is more effective to report it than downvote it. Speaking of which,* ***[downvotes don't change views](http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/wiki/guidelines#wiki_upvoting.2Fdownvoting)****! Any questions or concerns? Feel free to* ***[message us](http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=/r/changemyview)***. *Happy CMVing!* | 405 | I don't think you're right because the state you're describing is a thought experiment that would never actually exist.
You're describing a negative, a lack of power hierarchies which would only be around briefly, maybe for a moment after an existing hierarchy was obliterated. After that the strong would start to dominate the weak again, (whatever shifting definition strength and weakness has in that relationship) and we'd start to organise ourselves again.
So what you describe would just be a reset, out of which you'd get an evolution of human organisation, just like what's happened all over the world, countless times before. | 72 |
CMV: You either support the troops, or you support war. You can't support both. | As we continue to see our veterans be treated poorly (or not treated at all) by the VA. I remind myself of all the "Support Our Troops" slogans that were plastered everywhere just a few years ago. It makes me think that people really don't care about the toll war takes on soldiers and their families. What they actually support about is war itself, because 'Murica.
I honestly believe that if you truly support the troops, then you should actually SUPPORT them when they are in need. I feel we have an obligation to as a country.
When I hear people say "Support The Troops", I ask myself if they truly support the men and women who fight for our freedom, and their families, and if they would do what they could to help a veteran in need. Do their lives and well being actually mean something to them? Or are they just supporting the fact that we are in war?
Seeing the way our vets are being treated now, it makes me feel like you can either support our troops, or you support war, but you can support both. | 337 | >It makes me think that people really don't care about the toll war takes on soldiers and their families. What they actually support about is war itself, because 'Murica.
That's why the slogan is "Support Our Troops" not "Support Our War" , the statement suggests you think about the human element not just the ideological/political reasons for the war. | 104 |
Why is Qualcomm able to hit 5nm but Intel is stuck on 14nm and amd is still pushing 7nm? | 22 | I think there's a huge dIfference between x86_x64, and ARM. Also Intel manufactures their own chips in-house, while qualcomm (and AMD) use external parties. That basically means that all required machinery and tooling already exists and is primed, meaning qualcomm and AMD 'just' need to engineer the chipsets, then have them made at whoever has the tech to do so.
Intel needs to buy all their own tools/machinery/factories.
Why intel won't just find a 3rd party, i don't know. But it's nice to see them bite the dust for once. | 11 |
|
ELI5: Coriolis effect | 37 | You can see the Coriolis effect happen IRL by using a Merry-Go-Round at your local playground. You need 2 people and a tennis ball. Get the merry go round going, both of you get on and throw the ball back and forth. It's pretty impossible to catch. | 16 |
|
If entropy is a measure for the amount of disorder in a system, why is it at its maximum when equillibrum is achieved? | 266 | Entropy is not a measure of disorder but of your lack of information about the state of the system. When a system is in thermal equilibrium, the number of possible actual microstates the system can find itself in is maximum, therefore your knowledge about it is minimum, and entropy is maximum. | 140 |
|
Why do planets further from the sun receive less energy from its light? How does 'empty' space diminish this energy? | I was researching the factors that influence the surface temperature of planets and I was expecting to find that atmosphere composition (greenhouse gases and what not, Venus as an example) was the main factor, but it turns out the most important one was distance from the sun. How can light traveling through 'empty' space lose energy? | 124 | Imagine you build a spherical shell around the sun, just bigger than the sun itself, and that the shell is absorbing all the incident radiation. Each square-meter of this shell would be receiving a very large amount of power from the sun. Then imagine you double the radius of that shell. Now, because its surface area is four times the size but it's still receiving the total output of the sun, each square meter receives one-fourth that which it was receiving when the shell was smaller. Now imagine you expand the shell even more, so that it has the same radius as Earth's orbit. Now the total output of the sun is divided among a *very* large area, so each individual area is not receiving nearly as much energy. So the light isn't losing energy, it's just getting more spread out. | 222 |
[SouthPark] How is it possible that Kenny died so often and then simply reappeared? Also why did this stop in the last years? | there needs to be a logical explanation to this phenomenon | 32 | They stopped around season 5 or 6 simply because they ran out ideas to do it, so they tried killing him off for good, but brought him back a season or two later. The reason he keeps coming back is shown in the Coon & Friends episode where they explain Kenny's parents went to a Cthulu cult meeting for the free beer, and ever since, every time Kenny dies, he's reborn and grows to his current age, with nobody remembering that he died. | 63 |
If chimps held slaves would we be morally obligated to intervene? | Let's say there were chimp castes and those at the bottom were treated horrendously. | 243 | Look up the moral status of animals. A defender of the integral moral status of animals would claim they have the exact same rights as us. And if we are entitled to not being enslaved, and obliged to stop human slavery, it follows that we'd have to stop it.
Others believe animals have no rights, or at least not the same as humans. In the first case there'd be no moral obligation at all to stop chimp slavery, and in the first, a possibility of so.
It's interesting how the act itself suggests animal moral worth, especially for those that deny it. Many defend this moral anthropocentrism, the thesis that only humans have moral worth, by grounding moral status in rationality. And since humans are the only animal with an obvious rationality, it follows that they are the only ones with moral worth.
Still, some (like Descartes, famously) denied any kind of sentience to animals, usually for theological reasons (though whether or not that is his case is debatable). He famously insisted animals do not have souls and therefore do not perceive anything. A wounded dog only seems in pain, but it is a mere organic automaton. | 76 |
ELI5- what is an ego death? | 907 | It's the experience of losing track of your sense of self, typically in the context of using a psychedelic drug, but also potentially during intense meditation.
The Ego in this context is the Freudian concept of the Id, Ego, and Superego. The Id operates in the subconscious - it's your instincts, your desire to feel pleasure, your primitive drive to survive. The Ego is your sense of self, your self-esteem, your conscious decision making ability, your experience of reality. The Superego is like your conscience - it's where morality, guilt and anxiety come from.
So, an ego death is a detachment from reality and from your sense of self. | 1,451 |
|
[Harry Potter] Is Fiendfyre a difficult spell, difficult to find a teacher for, or something else? | I find it very strange that the only person to use such a powerful spell in the entire series struggled with his magical studies and showed no particular aptitude for casting spells compared to his peers. | 36 | No.
Fiendfyre isn't a difficult spell, not in terms of ability. Crabbe cast it, and he was thick as two bricks. It does require a bit of magical power, which Crabbe has through practice if nothing else - he can manage a Killing Curse, which according to Crouch requires a fair bit of power. Fiendfyre is a monstrously powerful spell and easy enough to learn. It makes up for that by being ridiculously dangerous. Crabbe died casting it. It consumed the entire Room of Hidden Things in minutes. It is simply too dangerous for anyone without enormous willpower and control to cast, if they have half an ounce of sense. | 60 |
Would the assembly of the ISS have been cheaper if the NASA used traditionnal rockets instead of the shuttle? | I have been hearing criticism toward the shuttle for being terribly inefficient, yet I also heard others claim it was great for assembling the station. | 17 | Almost certainly.
It's a simple comparison of cost per launch, to payload deliverable to LEO per launch. At around 50K pounds of lifting capacity to 450,000,000 per launch we can say the Space Shuttle spend about 9,000 dollars per pound it pushed into orbit. By contrast, the Saturn V could throw over 300,000 pounds to low earth orbit, and cost around 110,000,000 dollars per rocket(186,000,000 if you consider the total program costs). That gives us a *much* lower price of a mere 367(620 with program costs) dollars per pound lifted into orbit.
The Space Shuttle was a marvel of engineering, but from a cost-benefit perspective it sucked. | 18 |
[Marvel] What are the differences between the versions of Thor? | I asked this on /r/whowouldwin earlier but somebody convinced me it would be better suited here, I just didn't want to break the fourth wall rule, but I'd really like to know. I don't know that much about Thor except the basic version, and I'd like to know more.
I've heard of all these super powerful different versions of Thor that have existed, like King Thor, Old King Thor, and Rune King Thor, and I know there are more (somebody just told me about the awesome super long named version that I'm just going to call Necro-Thor). And I just wanted to know what are the differences between them? I know Rune King is the most powerful, but why, and where do the others rank compared to him? And if it's not too much could someone give me a brief summery of the story behind the different versions and how they ended up that way? | 15 | King Thor and old King Thor are more or less the same thing, just at different points in time. The main thing that delegates them from "normal" Thor is that he is the main source of the Odinforce (now called Thorforce). So he is the equivalent to Odin in terms of power. Old King Thor is an older version that is presumably stronger than Odin due to more experience and just being the next generation.
Rune King Thor is essentially King Thor who has sacrificed both eyes to gain full knowledge and use of runes (whereas Odin sacrificed only one eye). This makes him massively more powerful, enough to end the Ragnarok cycle and manipulate reality on an unimaginable scale. If you put Odin as a 5 on the power scale, RKT would be like a 15.
All-Black the All-Father, the God of Butchers, the Necro-Thor, Eater of World Eaters, Last King of the Dead Earth is Old King Thor who picked up the Necrosword, thus transforming him into a being stronger than Galactus. This is due to the Necrosword amping a being on par with humans to Skyfather levels. So it's a bit of a force multiplier. | 26 |
ELI5: How can such a small dose of medication have such a huge impact in the way our bodies work? | I take some medications prescribed by my doctor. These medications are all prescribed in milligram doses ... when you take into consideration I’m a male of 190lbs, I just can’t fathom that such small quantities can have such drastic effects on how my body functions. Another example: I hear on the news the rise of drugs laced with Fentanyl and that all it takes is a few grains to kill you. How is this even possible? | 35 | This question is wildly broad, since the mechanism of action for various substances can be wildly different. But metaphorically, it's the same way you can demolish a high rise without explosives on every wall. We think of our bodies as a distinct unit, but they aren't. They're huge conglomerations of various systems. You don't need to affect everything; you just need to affect one special piece of a given system. | 22 |
ELI5: USB Power Adapters | I'm just curious about why usb adapters all come in different shapes and sizes. I'm talking about the piece that converts the outlet to a USB port. https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41AQgQsn%2BXL._SX644_.jpg
I recently bought a laptop that charges through micro usb and the adapter is about 4x the size of the one for my phone, while i can still use either charger to charge either one of the devices.
Why is this, when the size/shape of the adapter has no real difference on what can/can't be charged and the rate it charges at? | 55 | The power adapter for your laptop is likely designed to provide much more power to the device (likely using usb-c power delivery, or Qualcomm QC) than the one for the phone.
The adapter for the phone will work the laptop and vice versa, but if the adapter for the phone is used to charge a laptop, the laptop will charge at a slower rate due to the limitations of the phone adapter. | 20 |
Why does salt water dehydrate you when salt helps you retain water? | 20 | Part of the problem is, seawater is really salty, about 3.5% salt by weight. An 8 oz (227 g) serving of seawater contains about 8 grams of salt. That's a lot of salt! The recommended maximum per day for sodium is 2.3 grams, which corresponds to 5.8 grams of NaCl table salt, about the same as in 1 teaspoon.
By comparison, bodily fluids like blood serum, cytoplasm, or interstitial fluid, are only about 0.9% salt by weight. When seawater comes into contact with cells in the intestines, where water is usually absorbed, osmosis pulls water out of those cells until the concentration is equal on both sides of the cell walls. So for every 8 oz serving you consume, your intestines want to supply 31 oz of water to equalize the concentration of salt.
So right there you're going to have problems, but in addition to your body dumping a bunch of water into your intestines, it's also going to absorb some of that salt and put it into the bloodstream. Your kidneys will be like "Whoa! Too much salt!" and try to get rid of it. But the only way they have to get rid of it is to concentrate salt into your urine, and they can only make that a little less salty than seawater. That means they're going to have to get rid of water to get rid of salt. They're expecting you to resupply your body with freshwater, and they don't have a backup plan when you don't do that. So now you've got diarrhea and your peeing too much, and you're probably vomiting too - you're probably going to die of dehydration.
When eating salty foods, it's a different story, usually. The mix of liquids and food in your intestines isn't going to be nearly as salty as seawater, so your body will be fine with just absorbing the salt and the water. But if you eat a lot of salt, it's still going to want to pull water out of your cells, so your cells end up a little dehydrated unless you drink a lot of liquids. So then you get a lot of liquids in your blood, and you get high blood pressure. Then your doc prescribes a diuretic so you'll pee some of that extra water out, and the salt you ate along with it. | 17 |
|
ELI5: Why does the iPhone require a passcode after restart if the fingerprint scanner is secure? | 23 | As was made famous by the FBI/Apple confrontation from last year, recent iPhones do a pretty decent job of encrypting all content stored in the phone. The way the encryption works is that the *master key*—the big, 256-bit secret number that's required to decode the phone's contents—is never stored in the phone's permanent memory, but rather reconstructed when it's needed. Reconstructing the master key requires two pieces of information:
* The phone's secret unique ID, stored in the processor when it is built;
* The passcode selected by the user.
The fingerprint scanner cannot be used for this, because it's an *inexact* scanner that doesn't produce the same result twice. It's like taking two photos of the same person—you can recognize that it's the same person in the two photos, but the photos won't be identical. But reconstructing the master key requires an exact match—something that's possible with a passcode but not with a fingerprint scanner.
So the phone uses the fingerprint scanner to reduce the frequency at which you'd need to reenter your passcode. The phone can only use your fingerprint to let you in when the master key is available in temporary memory. Restarting the phone loses the content of the temporary memory, so you must reenter the passcode. | 46 |
|
What constitutes "excessive parental criticism"? | Hello friends,
I'm studying the aetiology of social anxiety disorder and excessive parental criticism is listed as a possible factor in my lecture, as it undermines self-confidence. Does anyone know to what extent *excessive* criticism would be? Its probably hard to say but how frequent is excessive?
Another related question: Is criticism in jest still considered criticism in a context such as this?
Thank you! | 32 | Criticism is different from guidance. Parents should guide, not criticize.
Jest has double meaning, and thus require a certain level of advanced processing to decode. Age and intelligence is a big factor here. | 29 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.