Datasets:
embedding-data
/
simple-wiki

Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
1
set
sequence
[ "Yuya Hikichi ( born 2 May 1983 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Tokushima Vortis .", "Yuya Hikichi is a Japanese football player currently playing for Tokushima Vortis ." ]
[ "It was the same time as the Permianâ `` Triassic extinction event , which is estimated to have killed 90 % of species existing at the time .", "It was essentially coincident with the Permianâ `` Triassic extinction event , which is estimated to have killed 90 % of species existing at the time ." ]
[ "The Siberian Traps are considered to have erupted through numerous vents over a period of a million years or more , probably east and south of Norilsk in Siberia .", "The Siberian Traps are considered to have erupted via numerous vents over a period of roughly a million years or more , probably east and south of Norilsk in Siberia ." ]
[ "The eruption of the Siberian Traps is a possible cause of this `` Great Dying '' .", "The eruption of the Siberian Traps is considered to be a possible cause of this `` Great Dying '' ." ]
[ "The massive eruptions which formed the traps were one of the largest known volcanic events of the last 500 million years of Earth history . They continued for a million years and spanned the Permian-Triassic boundary , about 251 to 250 million years ago .", "The massive eruptive event which formed the traps , one of the largest known volcanic events of the last 500 million years of Earth 's geological history , continued for a million years and spanned the Permian -- Triassic boundary , about 251 to 250 million years ago ." ]
[ "The source of the Siberian Traps basalt was , probably , a mantle plume at the base of the crust which erupted through the Siberian craton ( the oldest part of the Siberian continental plate ) .", "The source of the Siberian Traps basalt has variously been attributed to a mantle plume which impacted the base of the crust and erupted through the Siberian Craton , or to processes related to plate tectonics ." ]
[ "Vast volumes of basaltic lava paved over a large expanse of primaeval Siberia in a flood basalt event .", "Vast volumes of basaltic lava paved over a large expanse of primeval Siberia in a flood basalt event ." ]
[ "The scientific debate continues .", "This controversial scientific debate is ongoing ." ]
[ "The flag of Estonia has three colors and is made of three equal horizontal bands colored blue ( top ) , black , and white ( bottom ) .", "The national flag of Estonia is a tricolor featuring three equal horizontal bands of blue ( top ) , black , and white ." ]
[ "In Estonian language it is called the `` sinimustvalge '' ( literally `` blue-black-white '' ) , after the colors of the bands .", "In Estonian it is colloquially called the `` sinimustvalge '' ( literally `` blue-black-white '' ) , after the colors of the bands ." ]
[ "Vieux , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .", "Vieux is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ." ]
[ "Binghamton is an American city in New York .", "Binghamton is a city located in the Southern Tier of New York in the United States ." ]
[ "Sola scriptura was a principle of the Protestant Reformation of the reformer Martin Luther and is a principle of Protestants today ( see Five solas ) .", "Sola scriptura was a foundational doctrinal principle of the Protestant Reformation held by the Reformers and is a formal principle of Protestantism today ( see Five solas ) ." ]
[ "Sola scriptura ( Latin for `` by scripture alone '' ) means `` The Bible only '' .", "Even though most Protestants look at scripture alone and no other authority , some theologians say that the Bible itself teaches against sola scriptura . They believe that if a person believes in the whole Bible then that person can not not believe in sola scriptura ." ]
[ "Eiji Sato ( born 8 April 1971 ) is a Japanese football player .", "Eiji Sato ( born April 8 , 1971 ) is a former Japanese football player ." ]
[ "Hideto Suzuki ( born 7 October 1974 ) is a former Japanese football player . He has played for JÃ bilo Iwata and Japan national team .", "Hideto Suzuki is a Japanese former football player who played for JÃ bilo Iwata ." ]
[ "Podari is a commune found in Dolj County , Romania .", "Podari is a commune in Dolj County , Romania ." ]
[ "Nicholas `` Nick '' Thompson Swisher ( born November 25 , 1980 in Columbus , Ohio ) is a American baseball player .", "Nicholas Thompson `` Nick '' Swisher ( born November 25 , 1980 , in Columbus , Ohio ) is an outfielder for the New York Yankees ." ]
[ "Swisher is the son of former Major League Baseball player , Steve Swisher .", "He is the son of former major league catcher Steve Swisher , who played for various National League baseball clubs in the 1970s and 1980s . Swisher was born in Columbus , Ohio , and he grew up in Parkersburg , West Virginia ." ]
[ "In addition to its Emmys , the show won two Screen Actors Guild ( SAG ) Awards , in 2000 and 2001 , for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series .", "In addition to its Emmys , the show won two Screen Actors Guild ( SAG ) Awards , in 2000 and 2001 , Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series ." ]
[ "Kennison State is a fictional university in Iowa that was used as the setting of a bombing in the beginning of the fourth season .", "Kennison State is a fictional university in Cedar Rapids , Iowa that was used as the setting of a bombing in the beginning of the fourth season ." ]
[ "Allison Janney , John Spencer and Stockard Channing each won an Emmy ( for Lead Actress , Supporting Actor and Supporting Actress ) .", "Allison Janney , John Spencer and Stockard Channing each won an Emmy ( for Lead Actress , Supporting Actor and Supporting Actress respectively ) ." ]
[ "The loss of Spencer 's character was addressed by the series beginning with the episode `` Election Day '' , which aired on April 2 , 2006 .", "The loss of Spencer 's character was addressed beginning with the episode `` Election Day '' , which aired on April 2 , 2006 ." ]
[ "Josh Lyman said in the days prior to the election `` Bartlet was punching brick walls '' as the result seemed too close to call , before the result broke his way .", "Josh Lyman said in the days prior to the election `` Bartlet punched through a few walls '' as the result seemed too close to call , before the result broke his way ." ]
[ "In total , The West Wing won three Golden Globe Awards and 27 Emmy Awards , including the award for Outstanding Drama Series , which it won four times in a row from 2000 through 2003 .", "In total , The West Wing won three Golden Globe Awards and 27 Emmy Awards , including the award for Outstanding Drama Series , which it won four consecutive times from 2000 through 2003 ." ]
[ "Fellow executive producer and director Thomas Schlamme championed the `` walk and talk , '' a continuous shot tracking in front of the characters as they walk from one place to another that became part of The West Wings signature visual style .", "Fellow executive producer and director Thomas Schlamme championed the `` walk and talk '' , a continuous shot tracking in front of the characters as they walk from one place to another that became part of The West Wings signature visual style ." ]
[ "The series developed following the success of 1995 theatrical film The American President , for which Aaron Sorkin wrote the screenplay , and Martin Sheen played the White House Chief of Staff .", "The series developed following the success of 1995 theatrical film The American President , for which Aaron Sorkin wrote the screenplay , and in which Martin Sheen played the White House Chief of Staff ." ]
[ "Similarities between the fictional 2006 election and the real-life 2008 U.S. presidential election have been noted in the media : young minority Democratic candidate ( Matthew Santos on the show , Barack Obama in real life ) has a gruelling but successful primary campaign against a more experienced candidate ( Bob Russell on the show , Hillary Clinton in real life ) and chooses an experienced Washington insider as his running mate ( Leo McGarry on the show , Joe Biden in real life ) , whereas the Republican contest is determined early in the primary season with an aging maverick senator of a Western state being the nominee ( Arnold Vinick on the show , John McCain in real life ) , defeating an ordained minister as the closest competitor ( Reverend Butler on the show , Mike Huckabee in real life ) , and then selecting a socially conservative running mate from a small Republican state ( West Virginia Governor Ray Sullivan on the show , Alaska Governor Sarah Palin in real life ) . .", "Similarities between the fictional 2006 election and the real-life 2008 U.S. presidential election have been noted in the media : young minority Democratic candidate ( Matthew Santos on the show , Barack Obama in real life ) has a gruelling but successful primary campaign against a more experienced candidate ( Bob Russell on the show , Hillary Clinton in real life ) and chooses an experienced Washington insider as his running mate ( Leo McGarry on the show , Joe Biden in real life ) , whereas the Republican contest is determined early in the primary season with an aging `` maverick '' senator of a Western state being the nominee ( Arnold Vinick on the show , John McCain in real life ) ." ]
[ "The West Wings 2002 presidential election pits Bartlet and Vice President John Hoynes against Florida Governor Robert Ritchie ( James Brolin ) and his running mate , Jeff Heston .", "The West Wings 2002 presidential election pits Bartlet and Vice President John Hoynes against Florida Governor Robert Ritchie ( James Brolin ) and his running mate , Governor Jeff Heston of Wyoming ." ]
[ "Libby 's two and a half year prison sentence was later commuted by President Bush , though the other facet of his sentence ( $ 250,000 fine ) stands until Libby 's appeals were to be considered .", "Libby 's two and a half year prison sentence was later commuted by President Bush , though the other facet of his sentence ( $ 250,000 fine ) stood and was duly paid ." ]
[ "It first aired on NBC in 1999 , and has been shown on many networks in several other countries .", "It first aired on NBC in 1999 , and has been broadcast by many networks in several other countries ." ]
[ "The show aired its series finale on Sunday , May 14 , 2006 .", "NBC elected to move the series to Sunday nights for what proved to be its final season , and the series finale aired on May 14 , 2006 ." ]
[ "Television critic Heather Havrilesky asked `` What rock did these morally pure creatures crawl out from under and , more important , how do you go from innocent millipede to White House staffer without becoming soiled or disillusioned by the dirty realities of politics along the way ? ''", "Television critic Heather Havrilesky asked , `` What rock did these morally pure creatures crawl out from under and , more important , how do you go from innocent millipede to White House staffer without becoming soiled or disillusioned by the dirty realities of politics along the way ? ''" ]
[ "The West Wing is an American television drama created by Aaron Sorkin that was originally shown from September 22 , 1999 to May 14 , 2006 .", "The West Wing is an American television serial drama created by Aaron Sorkin that was originally broadcast on NBC from September 22 , 1999 to May 14 , 2006 ." ]
[ "Obama 's Chief of Staff , Rahm Emanuel , is said to be the basis of the Josh Lyman character , who became Santos ' Chief of Staff .", "Obama 's former Chief of Staff , Rahm Emanuel , is said to be the basis of the Josh Lyman character , who became Santos ' Chief of Staff ." ]
[ "Sorkin 's hectic writing schedule often led to cost overruns and schedule slips , and he opted to leave the show after the fourth season , following increasing personal problems , including an arrest for possession of illegal drugs .", "Sorkin 's hectic writing schedule often led to cost overruns and schedule slips , and he opted to leave the show after the fourth season , following increasing personal problems , including an arrest for possession of `` what were believed to be hallucinogenic mushrooms . ''" ]
[ "Chris Lehmann , senior editor of Washington Post Bookworld , characterized the show as a revisionist look at the Clinton presidency : an attempt to solidify the Clinton legacy and to make America forget the Whitewater and Lewinsky scandals .", "Chris Lehmann , former deputy editor and regular reviewer for The Washington Post 's Bookworld , characterized the show as a revisionist look at the Clinton presidency ." ]
[ "Many cast members have been Emmy-nominated for their work on The West Wing but have not won , including Martin Sheenâ '' who was nominated each year for all seven seasons of the series without receiving the awardâ '' as well as Janel Moloney , who was nominated twice , and Dulà Hill , Rob Lowe , and Mary-Louise Parker , who were all nominated once .", "Many cast members have been Emmy-nominated for their work on The West Wing but have not won , including Martin Sheenâ '' who was nominated for six of the seven seasons of the series without receiving the awardâ '' as well as Janel Moloney , who was nominated twice , and Dulà Hill , Rob Lowe , and Mary-Louise Parker , who were all nominated once ." ]
[ "The West Wing offers a rare glimpse into the inner workings of the White House , and the show 's legitimacy , political slant , and film merits have generated considerable discussion .", "The West Wing offers a fictional glimpse into the inner workings of the White House , and the show 's legitimacy , political slant , and film merits have generated considerable discussion ." ]
[ "In the episodes `` In the Shadow of Two Gunmen '' and `` Bartlet for America '' , flashbacks are used to tell how Bartlet defeated Texas Senator John Hoynes ( Tim Matheson ) and Washington Senator William Wiley for the Democratic nomination .", "In the episodes `` In the Shadow of Two Gunmen , Part I '' , `` In the Shadow of Two Gunmen , Part II '' and `` Bartlet for America '' , flashbacks are used to tell how Bartlet defeated Texas Senator John Hoynes ( Tim Matheson ) and Washington Senator William Wiley for the Democratic nomination ." ]
[ "One of the stranger impacts of the show occurred on January 31 , 2006 , when The West Wing was said to have played a hand in defeating Tony Blair 's government in the British House of Commons , during the so called `` West Wing Plot '' .", "One of the stranger impacts of the show occurred on January 31 , 2006 , when The West Wing was said to have played a hand in defeating a proposal backed by Tony Blair 's government in the British House of Commons , during the so called `` West Wing Plot '' ." ]
[ "In comparison , the Plame affair resulted in the arrest and conviction of Lewis Libby , the vice president 's chief of staff .", "In comparison , the Plame affair resulted in the arrest and conviction of `` Scooter '' Libby , the vice president 's chief of staff ." ]
[ "Santos organizes his administration , choosing Josh Lyman as Chief of Staff , who in turn calls on former colleague Sam Seaborn to be Deputy Chief of Staff .", "Santos chooses Josh Lyman as Chief of Staff , who in turn calls on former colleague Sam Seaborn to be Deputy Chief of Staff ." ]
[ "Other actors who were seriously considered included Alan Alda and Sidney Poitier for the President , Judd Hirsch for Leo , Eugene Levy for Toby , and CCH Pounder for C.J.", "Other actors were seriously considered for other roles , including Alan Alda and Sidney Poitier for the President , Judd Hirsch for Leo , Eugene Levy for Toby , and CCH Pounder for C.J." ]
[ "The West Wing ranks 8th all-time in number of Emmy Awards won by a show .", "With its 27 total awards , The West Wing ranks 4th all-time in number of Emmy Awards won by a series , behind Frasier ( 37 ) , The Mary Tyler Moore Show ( 29 ) , and Cheers ( 28 ) ." ]
[ "Each of the main actors made about $ 75,000 an episode , with Sheen 's most recently confirmed salary being $ 300,000 .", "Each of the principal actors made approximately $ 75,000 an episode , with Sheen 's most recently confirmed salary being $ 300,000 ." ]
[ "The series is set in the West Wing of the White Houseâ '' where the Oval Office and offices of presidential staff are locatedâ '' during the fictional presidency of Josiah Bartlet ( played by Martin Sheen ) .", "The series is set in the West Wing of the White Houseâ '' where the Oval Office and offices of presidential senior staff are locatedâ '' during the fictional Democratic administration of Josiah Bartlet ( played by Martin Sheen ) ." ]
[ "The show shares the Emmy Award record for most acting nominations by regular cast members for a single show in one year .", "The series shares the Emmy Award record for most acting nominations by regular cast members ( excluding the guest performer category ) for a single series in one year ." ]
[ "Dr. Staci L. Beavers , associate professor of political science at California State University , San Marcos , wrote a short essay , The West Wing as a Pedagogical Tool , concerning the viability of The West Wing as a teaching tool .", "Dr. Staci L. Beavers , associate professor of political science at California State University , San Marcos , wrote a short essay , `` The West Wing as a Pedagogical Tool '' , concerning the viability of The West Wing as a teaching tool ." ]
[ "Bradley Whitford states in an interview on the Season 1 DVD that he was originally cast as Sam , though the character of Josh was the role Whitford had wanted and for which he had auditioned . In addition , Josh 's character had been written specifically for him by Aaron Sorkin .", "In an interview on the Season 1 DVD , Bradley Whitford said he was originally cast as Sam , even though Aaron Sorkin had created the Josh character specifically for him ." ]
[ "Sorkin served as executive producer for the first episode with director Thomas Schlamme and John Wells .", "Sorkin served as executive producer for the pilot episode alongside director Thomas Schlamme and John Wells ." ]
[ "While critics often praised The West Wing for its writing , others faulted the show as unrealistically optimistic .", "While critics often praised The West Wing for its writing , others faulted the show as unrealistically optimistic and sentimental ." ]
[ "In that same year , Mark Harmon , Tim Matheson and Ron Silver were each nominated in the Guest Actor category ( but none won the award ) .", "In addition , that same year Mark Harmon , Tim Matheson and Ron Silver were each nominated in the Guest Actor category ( although none won the award ) ." ]
[ "The show 's ratings were lower in later years , series creator Aaron Sorkin ( who wrote or co-wrote 85 of the first 88 episodes ) left the show after the fourth season . It was still popular with viewers who have a high-income .", "The show 's ratings waned in later years , following the departure of series creator Aaron Sorkin ( who wrote or co-wrote 85 of the first 88 episodes ) after the fourth season , yet it remained popular among high-income viewers , with around 16 million viewers , a key demographic for the show and its advertisers ." ]
[ "The show received positive reviews from critics , political science teachers , and former White House workers .", "The show received positive reviews from critics , political science professors , and former White House staffers ." ]
[ "The show also received the Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series in 2000 , 2001 , 2002 , and 2003 , tying Hill Street Blues and L.A. Law for most won in this category .", "In addition , the series received the Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series in 2000 , 2001 , 2002 , and 2003 , tying Hill Street Blues and L.A. Law for most won in this category ." ]
[ "President Bartlet 's final act as President of the United States is pardoning Toby Ziegler .", "President Bartlet 's final act as President of the United States is pardoning Toby Ziegler , who had violated federal law by leaking classified information about a military space shuttle ." ]
[ "While several real-world leaders exist in the show 's universe , most foreign countries have fictional rulers .", "While several real-world leaders exist in the show 's universe , most foreign countries depicted or referred to on the show have fictional rulers ." ]
[ "It had suffered a significant ratings fall after being placed in the same timeslot as ABC 's Top 20 hit Extreme Makeover : Home Edition , and CBS ' Top 30 hit Cold Case .", "The West Wing took a large ratings hit with the move , which put it up against ABC 's Top 20 hit Extreme Makeover : Home Edition , and CBS ' Top 30 hit Cold Case in its timeslot ." ]
[ "Kristin Harms and Llewellyn Wells were producers for the first episode .", "Kristin Harms and Llewellyn Wells were producers for the pilot ." ]
[ "In its first year , The West Wing received nine Emmys , a record for most won by a series in a single season .", "In its first season , The West Wing garnered nine Emmys , a record for most won by a series in its first season ." ]
[ "The series ended its seven years on television on May 14 , 2006 .", "The series ended its seven-year run on May 14 , 2006 ." ]
[ "Twenty Emmys were awarded to writers , actors , and crew members .", "Twenty individual Emmys were awarded to writers , actors , and crew members ." ]
[ "Each of its seven seasons was nominated for the award .", "Each of its seven seasons earned a nomination for the award ." ]
[ "While the September 11 attacks do not occur in The West Wing continuity , the country does enter into a variation of the War on Terrorism .", "While the September 11 attacks are not referenced in The West Wing continuity , the country does enter into a variation of the War on Terrorism ." ]
[ "In the same interview , Janel Moloney states that she had originally auditioned for the role of C.J. , and that the role she eventually received , Donna , was not meant to be a recurring character .", "In the same interview , Janel Moloney stated she had originally auditioned for the role of C.J. and that Donna , the role for which she was eventually cast , was not meant to be a recurring character ." ]
[ "Martin Sheen is the only cast member to have won a Golden Globe , and he and Allison Janney are the only cast members to win a SAG award ( for best actor and best actress ) .", "Martin Sheen is the only cast member to have won a Golden Globe , and he and Allison Janney are the only cast members to win a SAG award ( best actor and best actress , respectively ) ." ]
[ "This gave the show an Emmy Award record for most acting nominations total ( including guest performer category ) in a single year , with 12 acting nominations .", "This gave the series an Emmy Award record for most acting nominations overall ( including guest performer category ) in a single year , with 12 acting nominations ." ]
[ "Trinidad and Tobago national football team is the national football team of Trinidad and Tobago .", "The Trinidad and Tobago national football team , nicknamed The Soca Warriors , is the national team of Trinidad and Tobago and is controlled by the Trinidad and Tobago Football Federation ." ]
[ "Trajan ( Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus , 18 September 53 â `` 9 August 117 ) was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 .", "Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus ( 18 September 53 â `` 9 August 117 ) , commonly known as Trajan , was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117 ." ]
[ "Nerva died on 27 January 98 , and was succeeded by Trajan without incident .", "Nerva died on 27 January 98 , and was succeeded by his adopted son without incident ." ]
[ "In late 117 , while sailing back to Rome , Trajan fell ill and died of a stroke in the city of Selinus .", "In late 117 while sailing back to Rome , Trajan fell ill and died of a stroke in the city of Selinus ." ]
[ "Every new emperor after him was honored by the Senate with the prayer felicior Augusto , melior Traiano , meaning `` may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan '' .", "Every new emperor after him was honored by the Senate with the wish felicior Augusto , melior Traiano ( '' ( be ) luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan '' ) ." ]
[ "Among medieval Christian theologians , Trajan was considered a `` virtuous pagan '' , while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors , of which Trajan was the second .", "Among medieval Christian theologians , Trajan was considered a virtuous pagan , while the 18th century historian Edward Gibbon popularized the notion of the Five Good Emperors , of which Trajan was the second ." ]
[ "He was deified by the Senate , and succeeded by his adopted son Hadrian .", "He was succeeded by his adopted son Hadrian ." ]
[ "In September 96 , Domitian was succeeded by Nerva , an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army .", "In September 96 , Domitian was succeeded by Marcus Cocceius Nerva , an old and childless senator who proved to be unpopular with the army ." ]
[ "Ariel Nogueira ( born 22 February , 1910 ) is a former Brazilian football player .", "Ariel Augusto Nogueira ( born 22 February 1910 , date of death unknown ) was Brazilian football player ." ]
[ "The Å koda Yeti is a SUV automobile produced by Å koda Auto since 2009 .", "The Å koda Yeti ( Typ 5L ) is a five-door five-seater mini SUV model built by the Czech car manufacturer Å koda Auto . It was introduced at the 2009 Geneva Motor Show in March , as the division 's first entry into the popular SUV market ." ]
[ "Here are some important physical constants .", "Additionally , all equations describing laws of physics can be expressed without dimensional physical constants via a process known as nondimensionalisation , but the dimensionless constants will remain . Thus , theoretical physicists tend to regard these dimensionless quantities as fundamental physical constants ." ]
[ "It is close to Blackfriars Bridge at the junction of New Bridge Street and Queen Victoria Street . It is in Travelcard Zone 1 .", "It is adjacent to Blackfriars Bridge at the junction of New Bridge Street and Queen Victoria Street and is in Travelcard Zone 1 ." ]
[ "Blackfriars station is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London .", "Blackfriars station , also known as London Blackfriars , is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London , England ." ]
[ "The Underground station is closed to all passengers until 2011 while refurbishment and major engineering works take place .", "The Underground station is closed to all passengers until December 2011 while refurbishment and major engineering works take place ." ]
[ "In modern usage , sophism , sophist , and sophistry are derogatory terms , due the influence of many philosophers in the past ( sophism and platonism were enemy schools ) .", "In modern usage , sophism , sophist , and sophistry are derogatory terms , due to the influence of many past philosophers ." ]
[ "Troy is a city of Idaho in the United States .", "Troy is a city in Latah County , Idaho , United States ." ]
[ "Galileo refused to use Marius 's names and invented the numbering scheme that is still used nowadays , in parallel with proper moon names .", "Galileo steadfastly refused to use Marius ' names and invented as a result the numbering scheme that is still used nowadays , in parallel with proper moon names ." ]
[ "Galileo Galilei found what came to be known as the Galilean moons around December 1609 or January 1610 .", "This allowed Galilei to discover sometime between December 1609 and January 1610 what came to be known as the Galilean moons ." ]
[ "Other names put forward , but the names which eventually prevailed were chosen by Simon Marius . Marius claimed to have found the moons at the same time as Galileo : he named them after lovers of the god Zeus ( the Greek equivalent of Jupiter ) : Io , Europa , Ganymede and Callisto , in his Mundus Jovialis , published in 1614 .", "The names that eventually prevailed were chosen by Simon Marius , who claimed to have discovered the moons at the same time as Galileo : he named them after lovers of the god Zeus ( the Greek equivalent of Jupiter ) : Io , Europa , Ganymede and Callisto , in his Mundus Jovialis , published in 1614 ." ]
[ "Galileo 's Sidereus Nuncius ( Starry Messenger ) , which announced celestial observations through his telescope , does not mention Copernican heliocentrism , a theory that placed the Sun at the center of the universe .", "Galileo 's Sidereus Nuncius ( Starry Messenger ) , which announced celestial observations through his telescope , does not explicitly mention Copernican heliocentrism , a theory that placed the Sun at the center of the universe ." ]
[ "He continued to look at them from January 8 through March 2 .", "He continued to observe these celestial orbs from January 8 to March 2 , 1610 ." ]
[ "Galileo called his discovery the Cosmica Sidera ( ` Cosimo 's stars ' ) , in honor of Cosimo II de ' Medici ( 1590 -- 1621 ) , grand-duke of Tuscany , whose patronage he wanted .", "Galileo initially called his discovery the Cosmica Sidera ( `` Cosimo 's stars '' ) , in honor of Cosimo II de ' Medici ( 1590 â `` 1621 ) ." ]
[ "They have apparent magnitudes between 4.6 and 5.6 when Jupiter is in opposition with the Sun , and about one unit of magnitude dimmer when Jupiter is in conjunction .", "They have apparent magnitudes between 4.6 and 5.6 when Jupiter is in opposition with the Sun , and are about one unit of magnitude dimmer when Jupiter is in conjunction ." ]
[ "Ganymede and Callisto , at their maximum separation , are the likeliest targets for possible naked-eye observation .", "Ganymede and Callisto , at their maximum separation , are the likeliest targets for potential naked-eye observation ." ]
[ "More importantly , the discovery of celestial bodies orbiting something other than the Earth dealt a blow to the then-accepted Ptolemaic world system . This held that the Earth was at the center of the universe and all other celestial bodies revolved around it .", "More importantly , the discovery of celestial bodies orbiting something other than the Earth dealt a blow to the then-accepted Ptolemaic world system , which held that the Earth was at the center of the universe and all other celestial bodies revolved around it ." ]
[ "At the time , he only saw three of them , and he believed them to be fixed stars near Jupiter .", "At the time , he saw only three of them , and he believed them to be fixed stars near Jupiter ." ]
[ "As a result of improvements he made to the telescope , Galileo was able to see celestial bodies better than ever before in human history .", "As a result of improvements Galileo Galilei made to the telescope , with a magnifying capability of 20 Ã -- , he was able to see celestial bodies more distinctly than was ever possible before ." ]
[ "Nevertheless , Galileo believed in the Copernican theory .", "Nevertheless , Galileo accepted the Copernican theory ." ]
[ "Galileo also developed a method of determining longitude based on the timing of the orbits of the Galilean moons .", "As a result of these discoveries , Galileo was able to develop a method of determining longitude based on the timing of the orbits of the Galilean moons ." ]
[ "Their maximum angular separations from Jupiter are between 2 and 8 minutes of arc , close to the limit of human visual acuity .", "The maximum angular separations of the moons are between 2 and 10 minutes of arc from Jupiter , close to the limit of human visual acuity ." ]
[ "At the grand-duke 's suggestion , Galileo changed the name to Medicea Sidera ( ` the Medici stars ' ) , honoring all four Medici brothers ( Cosimo , Francesco , Carlo , and Lorenzo ) .", "At Cosimo 's suggestion , Galileo changed the name to Medicea Sidera ( `` the Medician stars '' ) , honoring all four Medici brothers ( Cosimo , Francesco , Carlo , and Lorenzo ) ." ]
[ "Galileoâ s discovery proved the importance of the telescope as a tool for astronomers . It showed there were objects in space to be found , which were not seen by the naked eye .", "Galileoâ s discovery proved the importance of the telescope as a tool for astronomers by showing that there were objects in space to be discovered that until then had remained unseen by the naked eye ." ]