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Embedding Training Data 11

[ "Irvington is a city of Kentucky in the United States .", "Irvington is a city in Breckinridge County , Kentucky , United States ." ]

[ "A network 's logical topology is not necessarily the same as its physical topology . For example , twisted pair Ethernet is a logical bus topology in a physical star topology layout .", "The physical distributed bus topology is sometimes incorrectly referred to as a physical tree topology â `` however , although the physical distributed bus topology resembles the physical tree topology , it differs from the physical tree topology in that there is no central node to which any other nodes are connected , since this hierarchical functionality is replaced by the common bus ." ]

[ "The physical topology you choose for your network depends on :", "The physical topology you choose for your network influences and is influenced by several factors :" ]

[ "Network topology is the layout of the connections ( links , nodes , etc. ) of a computer network .", "Network topology is the layout pattern of interconnections of the various elements ( links , nodes , etc. ) of a computer network ." ]

[ "The star topology reduces the probability of a network failure by connecting all of the peripheral nodes ( computers , etc. ) to a central node . When the physical star topology is applied to a logical bus network such as Ethernet , this central node ( traditionally a hub ) rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network , sometimes including the originating node .", "Extended star : A type of network topology in which a network that is based upon the physical star topology has one or more repeaters between the central node ( the ` hub ' of the star ) and the peripheral or ` spoke ' nodes , the repeaters being used to extend the maximum transmission distance of the point-to-point links between the central node and the peripheral nodes beyond that which is supported by the transmitter power of the central node or beyond that which is supported by the standard upon which the physical layer of the physical star network is based ." ]

[ "However , there is a higher cost of managing the network .", "However , the low cost of implementing the technology is offset by the high cost of managing the network ." ]

[ "In local area networks with a star topology , each network host ( for example a PC ) is connected to a central hub with a point-to-point connection .", "In local area networks with a star topology , each network host is connected to a central hub ." ]

[ "The simplest topology is a permanent link between two endpoints ( the line in the illustration above ) .", "The simplest topology is a permanent link between two endpoints ( the line in the illustration at the top of the page ) ." ]

[ "For example , a tree network connected to a tree network is still a tree network , but two star networks connected together exhibit a hybrid network topology .", "For example , a tree network connected to a tree network is still a tree network topology ." ]

[ "The computers on a home network can be arranged in a circle but it does not necessarily mean that it represents a ring network .", "The computers on a home network can be arranged in a circle but it does not necessarily mean that it represents a ring topology ." ]

[ "Additionally , since only one cable is used , so if that network cable breaks the entire network will be down .", "If the network cable breaks , the entire network will be down ." ]

[ "Since the bus topology consists of only one wire , it is cheap to implement compared to other topologies .", "Since the bus topology consists of only one wire , it is rather inexpensive to implement when compared to other topologies ." ]

[ "The primary disadvantage of the star topology is that it may need a lot more cables , and if the hub breaks everything will stop working .", "The primary disadvantage of the star topology is that the hub represents a single point of failure ." ]

[ "Network topology is the layout of the connections ( links , nodes , etc. ) of a computer network . Network topologies may be physical or logical .", "The total number of point-to-point links in a network that is based upon the physical hierarchical topology will be one less than the total number of nodes in the network ." ]

[ "All traffic on the network passes through the central hub .", "All traffic that traverses the network passes through the central hub ." ]

[ "Hedgehogs eat insects , snails , frogs and toads , snakes , bird eggs , carrion , mushrooms , berries , melons and watermelons .", "Hedgehogs feed on insects , snails , frogs and toads , snakes , bird eggs , carrion , mushrooms , grass roots , berries , melons , and watermelons ." ]

[ "He replaced Secretary Paul O'Neill on February 3 , 2003 and was succeeded by Henry Paulson on July 3 , 2006 , in a move that had been anticipated for several weeks .", "He replaced Secretary Paul O'Neill on February 3 , 2003 and was succeeded by Henry Paulson on July 3 , 2006 , in a move that had been anticipated ." ]

[ "John William Snow ( born August 2 , 1939 , in Toledo , Ohio ) served as the 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury .", "John William Snow ( born August 2 , 1939 , in Toledo , Ohio ) was the CEO of CSX Corporation , and served as the 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury under U.S. President George W. Bush ." ]

[ "Takashi Fukunishi ( born 1 September 1976 ) is a former Japanese football player .", "Takashi Fukunishi is a former Japanese football player ." ]

[ "Gouy-Saint-Andr à is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Gouy-Saint-Andr à is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]

[ "Champdor is a commune .", "Champdor is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ." ]

[ "It is one of Japan 's first class rivers .", "It is one of Japan 's first-class rivers ." ]

[ "Villepail is a commune of 205 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France .", "Villepail is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ." ]

[ "Then , West held several posts in the administration of Jimmy Carter : general counsel to the Navy ( 1977-1979 ) , special assistant to the secretary and to the deputy secretary of defense ( 1979 ) , and general counsel to the Department of Defense ( 1980-1981 ) .", "Then , West held several posts in the administration of Jimmy Carter : General Counsel of the Navy ( 1977 â `` 1979 ) , Special Assistant to the Secretary and to the Deputy Secretary of Defense ( 1979 ) , and General Counsel to the Department of Defense ( 1980 â `` 1981 ) ." ]

[ "While a freshman at Howard University , he became a member of Alpha Phi Omega fraternity .", "While a freshman at Howard University , he became a brother of Alpha Phi Omega ." ]

[ "Since leaving the government , West has worked as a lawyer and has served as president of the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies , a Washington-based think tank that works on issues that are important to minorities .", "Since leaving the government , West has practiced law and has served as president of the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies , a Washington-based think tank focused on issues of concern to minorities ." ]

[ "After that , he entered Howard University , getting a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering in 1965 , and a Juris Doctor in 1968 , receiving cum laude honors and graduating first in his class .", "He subsequently entered Howard University , obtaining a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering in 1965 , and a Juris Doctor in 1968 , receiving cum laude honors and graduating first in his class ." ]

[ "As the Secretary of the Army , West commented on the Aberdeen scandal , which prompted stricter enforcement and investigation into the Army 's sexual harassment policies .", "As the Secretary of the Army , West weighed in on the Aberdeen scandal , prompting stricter enforcement and investigation into the Army 's sexual harassment policies ." ]

[ "He was picked by President Bill Clinton on January 27 , 1998 , during Clinton 's second term , and was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 5 , 1998 .", "He was nominated by President Bill Clinton on January 27 , 1998 , during Clinton 's second term , and was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 5 , 1998 ." ]

[ "West is also a member of the Kappa Psi chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Incorporated .", "West is a member of the Kappa Psi chapter of Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Incorporated ." ]

[ "He is the President of the National Capital Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America .", "He previously served as the President of the National Capital Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America ." ]

[ "Before that , he had served as United States Secretary of the Army under Clinton , from 1993 to 1997 .", "He had previously served as United States Secretary of the Army under Clinton , from 1993 to 1997 ." ]

[ "Togo Dennis West , Jr. ( born June 21 , 1942 ) is an attorney and public official who was the third United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs .", "Togo Dennis West , Jr. ( born June 21 , 1942 ) is an attorney and public official who was the third person to occupy the post of United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs ." ]

[ "Dohem is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Dohem is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]

[ "CÃ cents rlibaba is a commune found in Suceava County , Romania .", "CÃ cents rlibaba is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ." ]

[ "Wavre is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant .", "Wavre is a town and municipality located in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant , of which it is the capital ." ]

[ "Campagne-l à s-Guines is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Campagne-l à s-Guines is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas de Calais region of France ." ]

[ "For the wife of President Herbert Walker Bush and mother of President George W. Bush , see Barbara Bush", "For the wife of George H.W. Bush , see Barbara Bush . Barbara Pierce Welch Bush ( born November 25 , 1981 ; Dallas , Texas ) is the elder of the fraternal twin daughters ( the other is Jenna Hager , nà e Bush ) of the 43rd U.S. President George W. Bush and former First Lady Laura Bush , and the granddaughter of the 41st U.S. President George H. W. Bush , and his wife Barbara Bush , after whom she was named ." ]

[ "Barbara Pierce Bush was born November 25 , 1981 at Baylor University Medical Center in Texas . She is the older of two fraternal twin girls born to George W. Bush , the 43rd President of the United States .", "Barbara Pierce Welch Bush ( born November 25 , 1981 ; Dallas , Texas ) is the elder of the fraternal twin daughters ( the other is Jenna Hager , nà e Bush ) of the 43rd U.S. President George W. Bush and former First Lady Laura Bush , and the granddaughter of the 41st U.S. President George H. W. Bush , and his wife Barbara Bush , after whom she was named ." ]

[ "Fratton Park is a football stadium in England . It is the home stadium of Portsmouth F.C. .", "Fratton Park is the home stadium of Portsmouth F.C. , the city 's traditional professional football club , and is situated in the English city-port of Portsmouth ." ]

[ "This term is used by these churches : Church of England and the Anglican Communion , Roman Catholic , the Eastern Orthodox Church , Lutheran churches , and some Methodist , and Presbyterian churches .", "Being an ancient concept the term parish is used by all the long established Christian denominations : Roman Catholic , Anglican Communion , the Eastern Orthodox Church , Lutheran churches , and some Methodist , and Presbyterian churches ." ]

[ "Free or Zero-fare public transport services are funded in full by means other than collecting a fare from passengers .", "Zero-fare public transport services are funded in full by means other than collecting a fare from passengers , normally through heavy subsidy or commercial sponsorship by businesses ." ]

[ "Public transport is also good for the environment . When people use public transport it means that there are fewer cars on the road .", "Public transport allows transport at an economy of scale not available through private transport ." ]

[ "Another good thing about public transport is the cost . It is very cheap to catch public transport every day and lots of people like public transport better than their cars .", "Through stimulating public transport it is possible to reduce the total transport cost for the public ." ]

[ "Ian MacCormick ( 3 October 1948 â `` 20 August 2003 ) was a music critic and author , who wrote a very famous detailed history about the Beatles .", "Ian MacCormick ( 3 October 1948 â `` 20 August 2003 ) , who wrote under the pseudonym Ian MacDonald , was a British music critic and author , best known for his detailed history of The Beatles and The New Shostakovich , a controversial study of the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich ." ]

[ "As man began to eat foods easier to digest , they became less reliant on cellulose-rich plants for energy .", "As people began to eat more easily digested foods , they became less reliant on cellulose-rich plants for energy ." ]

[ "The cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon . The appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine .", "The cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon and the appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine and has abundant infection-fighting lymphoid cells , which suggests it plays a role in the immune system ." ]

[ "In human anatomy , the appendix ( other names include vermiform appendix ; cecal ( or caecal ) appendix ; vermix ) is a blind ended tube connected to the cecum ( or caecum ) , from which it develops embryologically .", "In human anatomy , the appendix ( or vermiform appendix ; also cecal ( or caecal ) appendix ; also vermix ) is a blind-ended tube connected to the cecum ( or caecum ) , from which it develops embryologically ." ]

[ "The cecum of the koala is attached to the juncture of the small and large intestines-like in humans - and is very long . This enables it to host bacteria specific for cellulose breakdown .", "The cecum of the koala is very long , enabling it to host bacteria specific for cellulose breakdown ." ]

[ "It may be a vestigial organ of ancient man that has degraded down to nearly nothing over the course of evolution .", "It may be a vestigial organ , evolutionary baggage , of ancient humans that has degraded down to nearly nothing over the course of evolution ." ]

[ "Early manâ s ancestor may have also relied upon this system and lived on a diet rich in foliage .", "Human ancestors may have also relied upon this system and lived on a diet rich in foliage ." ]

[ "The appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine .", "The appendix is located near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine ." ]

[ "The term `` vermiform '' comes from Latin and means `` worm-like in appearance '' .", "The term `` vermiform '' comes from Latin and means `` worm-shaped '' ." ]

[ "After thousands of years , the once-necessary cecum has degraded to what we see today ; the appendix .", "After thousands of years , the once-necessary cecum has degraded to what we see today , with the appendix ." ]

[ "Darwin suggested that the appendix was perhaps used to digest leaves as primates .", "One potential ancestral purpose put forth by Charles Darwin was that the appendix was used for digesting leaves as primates ." ]

[ "The cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon .", "The cecum is a pouchlike structure of the colon ." ]

[ "The Royal College of Music is a conservatory in London where young people can study music . It was founded in 1882 .", "The Royal College of Music is a leading conservatoire founded by Royal Charter in 1882 , located in South Kensington , London , England ." ]

[ "Falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a mezze .", "Falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a meze ." ]

[ "Other variations may contain only chickpeas .", "The use of chickpeas is predominant in most Middle Eastern countries . The dish is usually made with chickpeas in Jordan , Lebanon and Syria ." ]

[ "This is the case of Plaestinians , Yemenite Jews in Jerusalem as well as in Syria and Lebanon . In the Levant , Falafel is generally made only with chickpeas .", "Palestinians and Yemenite Jews in Jerusalem have historically prepared falafel only from chickpeas ." ]

[ "In many countries falafel is a popular street food or fast food .", "Falafel grew to become a common form of street food or fast food in the Middle East ." ]

[ "The falafel balls , whole or crushed , may be topped with salads , pickled vegetables and hot sauce , and drizzled with tahini-based sauces .", "The falafel balls are topped with salads , pickled vegetables , hot sauce , and drizzled with tahini-based sauces ." ]

[ "During Ramadan , they are sometimes eaten as part of an iftar , the meal which breaks the daily fast after sunset .", "During Ramadan , falafel balls are sometimes eaten as part of the iftar , the meal that breaks the daily fast after sunset ." ]

[ "Asher is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .", "Asher is a town in Pottawatomie County , Oklahoma , United States ." ]

[ "Grants of land are also awarded to individuals and companies to help develop unused land in relatively unpopulated countries .", "Grants of land are also awarded to individuals and companies as incentives to develop unused land in relatively unpopulated countries ; the process of awarding land grants are not limited to the countries named below ." ]

[ "A land grant is a gift of real estate - land or privileges - made by a government or other authority as a reward for services to an individual , especially as rewards for military service .", "A land grant is a gift of real estate â `` land or its privileges â `` made by a government or other authority as a reward for services to an individual , especially in return for military service ." ]

[ "Mount Vernon is a city of Illinois in the United States .", "Mount Vernon ( Mt. Vernon ) is a city located near the center of Jefferson County , Illinois , in the United States ." ]

[ "Mesrop Mashtots ' Matenadaran Institute of Ancient Manuscripts in Yerevan , Armenia , is one of the richest depositories of manuscripts and books in the world .", "The Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts ( Mesrop Mashtots ' i anvan hin dzeá agreri institut ) , commonly referred to as the Matenadaran , is an ancient manuscript repository located in Yerevan , Armenia . It holds one of the world 's richest depositories of medieval manuscripts and books which span a broad range of subjects , including history , philosophy , medicine , literature , art history and cosmography in Armenian and many other languages ." ]

[ "Efforts are underway by pedestrian advocacy groups to make it easy to be a pedestrian in new developments , especially to counteract newer developments where 20 to 30 percent do not include sidewalks .", "Efforts are under way by pedestrian advocacy groups to restore pedestrian access to new developments , especially to counteract newer developments , 20 % to 30 % of which in the United States do not include sidewalks ." ]

[ "There are also footpaths not associated with a road which are used only by pedestrians , especially ramblers , hikers or hill-walkers and there are roads not associated with a footpath .", "There are also footpaths not associated with a road ; these include urban short cuts and also rural paths used mainly by ramblers , hikers , or hill-walkers ." ]

[ "Nowadays , roads often have a designated footpath attached especially for pedestrian traffic , called the sidewalk in American English and the pavement in British English .", "Roads often have a designated footpath for pedestrian traffic , called the sidewalk in American English and the pavement in British English ." ]

[ "We walked across Asia to reach the Americas .", "They walked across Asia to reach the Americas , and from Central Asia into Europe ." ]

[ "These footpaths , in mountains or forests , are called trails .", "Footpaths in mountainous or forested areas may also be called trails ." ]

[ "We walked across India to reach Australia .", "They walked along the coast of India to reach Australia ." ]

[ "Cosenza is a province in the region of Calabria in Italy .", "The Province of Cosenza is a province in the Calabria region of Italy ." ]

[ "Despite the failures in the Vietnam War , Johnson is ranked favorably by historians because of his Great Society .", "Despite the failures of his foreign policy , Johnson is ranked favorably by some historians because of his domestic policies ." ]

[ "Lyndon B. Johnson ( August 27 , 1908 â `` January 22 , 1973 ) was the 36th president of the United States .", "Lyndon Baines Johnson ( August 27 , 1908 - January 22 , 1973 ) , often referred to as LBJ , was a US politician who served as the 36th President of the United States ( 1963-1969 ) after his service as the 37th Vice President of the United States ( 1961-1963 ) ." ]

[ "Fiefs , Pas-de-Calais is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .", "Fiefs is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]

[ "World War II , or the Second World War ( also written in WWII or WW2 ) , was a war fought on almost every continent on the world from 1939 and 1945 . Most of the world 's countries fought in the war , including all of the great powers , forming into two military alliances : the Allies and the Axis .", "World War II , or the Second World War ( often abbreviated as WWII or WW2 ) , was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945 , which involved most of the world 's nations , including all of the great powers : eventually forming two opposing military alliances , the Allies and the Axis ." ]

[ "Around 7.5 million people died in China caused by the Japanese .", "Roughly 7.5 million civilians died in China under Japanese occupation , and the Serbs were targeted by the Axis-aligned Croatian UstaÅ e." ]

[ "Hungarians were forced to work for the Soviet Union until 1955 .", "In Hungary 's case , Hungarians were forced to work for the Soviet Union until 1955 ." ]

[ "Around 11 to 17 million civilians died .", "An estimated 11 to 17 million civilians died as a direct or indirect result of Nazi ideological policies , including the systematic genocide of around six million Jews during The Holocaust along with a further five million Roma , Slavs , homosexuals and other ethnic and minority groups ." ]

[ "The war ended in March 1940 with a peace treaty .", "The resulting conflict ended in March 1940 with Finnish concessions ." ]

[ "The assault rifle , a development combining features of the rifle and submachine gun , became the main weapon for most armies after the war .", "The assault rifle , a late war development incorporating many features of the rifle and submachine gun , became the standard postwar infantry weapon for most armed forces ." ]

[ "In September 1943 , the Allies invaded mainland Italy , following the Italian armistice with the Allies .", "In early September 1943 , the Western Allies invaded the Italian mainland , following an Italian armistice with the Allies ." ]

[ "British and Chinese forces advanced in Northern Burma and captured Rangoon by May 3 .", "British , American and Chinese forces defeated the Japanese in northern Burma in March , and the British pushed on to reach Rangoon by 3 May ." ]

[ "At the start of the war , most commanders thought that tanks should be faced with a higher quality ones . However , early tanks could harm armor just a little , and German idea to keep away from let tanks fight one another .", "At the start of the war , most commanders thought enemy tanks should be met by tanks with superior specifications ." ]

[ "Even though vehicles became more used , infantry remained the main part of the army , and most equipped like in the World War I.", "Even with large-scale mechanisation , infantry remained the backbone of all forces , and throughout the war , most infantry were equipped similarly to World War I." ]

[ "Finland rejected the Soviets , so it was attacked in November 1939 .", "Finland rejected territorial demands and was invaded by the Soviet Union in November 1939 ." ]

[ "Stalingrad was in the path of the Axis army , and the Soviets decided to defend the city .", "The Soviets decided to make their stand at Stalingrad , which was in the path of the advancing German armies ." ]

[ "On August 15 , Japan formally surrendered to the Allies . The surrender documents were signed formally on board of USS Missouri on September 2 , 1945 , ending the war .", "On 15 August 1945 Japan surrendered , with the surrender documents finally signed aboard the deck of the American battleship USS Missouri on 2 September 1945 , ending the war ." ]

[ "Then , in April 1940 , Germany decided to attack Norway and Denmark so that it would be safer to transport iron ore from Sweden , which the Allies tried to disrupt but failed .", "In April 1940 , Germany invaded Denmark and Norway to secure shipments of iron ore from Sweden , which the Allies were about to disrupt ." ]

[ "On the Eastern Front , the Axis defeated Soviet attacks during summer and began its own main offensive to southern Russia along Don River and Volga River in June 1942 , trying to take over oil fields in Caucasus and a great steppe .", "On Germany 's eastern front , the Axis defeated Soviet offensives in the Kerch Peninsula and at Kharkov , and then launched their main summer offensive against southern Russia in June 1942 , to seize the oil fields of the Caucasus and occupy Kuban steppe , while maintaining positions on the northern and central areas of the front . The Germans split the Army Group South into two groups : Army Group A struck lower Don River while Army Group B struck south-east to the Caucasus , towards Volga River ." ]

[ "The Allies wanted Japan to surrender with no terms , but Japan refused . The United States then dropped two atomic bombs over Hiroshima ( August 6 ) and Nagasaki ( August 9 ) .", "When Japan continued to ignore the Potsdam terms , the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in early August ." ]

[ "On September 3 , Britain and France declared war on Germany . They sent a small French attack on Western Germany which could not help Poland much .", "On 3 September 1939 France and Britain , followed by the countries of the Commonwealth , declared war on Germany but provided little support to Poland other than a small French attack into the Saarland ." ]

[ "Chamberlain was replaced by Churchill as Prime Minister of United Kingdom in May 1940 because British were unhappy with his work .", "In May 1940 Britain invaded Iceland . British discontent over the Norwegian campaign led to the replacement of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain by Winston Churchill on 10 May 1940 ." ]

[ "Germany surrendered to the Western Allies on May 7 , known as V-E Day , and was forced to surrender to the Soviets on May 8 .", "On the Eastern Front , Germany surrendered to the Soviets on 8 May ." ]

[ "By late April , the Allies pushed forward in Italy , while the Soviets attacked Berlin . The two linked up on Elbe river on April 25 .", "In early April , the Western Allies finally pushed forward in Italy and swept across Western Germany , while Soviet forces stormed Berlin in late April ; the two forces linked up on Elbe river on 25 April ." ]

[ "World War II began on September 1 , 1939 , as Germany invaded Poland .", "On 1 September 1939 , Germany and Slovakiaâ '' a client state in 1939 â '' attacked Poland ." ]

[ "German forces surrendered in Italy on April 29 .", "German forces surrendered in Italy on 29 April and in Western Europe on 7 May ." ]