detection/face_detection.py

# Standard library imports
import os

# Third-party imports
import cv2

# Local imports
from utils.image_utils import preprocess_image, get_image_from_input
from utils.face_detector import (
    load_face_detector,
)  # Assuming this is the dlib detector loader

# Define constants
HAAR_CASCADE_FILENAME = "haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml"


def face_detection(
    input_type, uploaded_image, image_url, base64_string, face_detection_method
):
    """
    Performs face detection on the image from various input types using the selected method.

    Args:
        input_type (str): The selected input method ("Upload File", "Enter URL", "Enter Base64").
        uploaded_image (PIL.Image.Image): The uploaded image (if input_type is "Upload File").
        image_url (str): The image URL (if input_type is "Enter URL").
        base64_string (str): The image base64 string (if input_type is "Enter Base64").
        face_detection_method (str): The selected face detection method ("OpenCV" or "dlib").

    Returns:
        tuple: A tuple containing:
            - numpy.ndarray: The image with detected faces, or None if an error occurred.
            - list: A list of dictionaries, where each dictionary represents a bounding box
                    with keys 'x', 'y', 'w', 'h', or an empty list if no faces were detected
                    or an error occurred.
    """
    # Use the centralized function to get the image
    image = get_image_from_input(input_type, uploaded_image, image_url, base64_string)

    if image is None:
        print("Image is None after loading/selection.")
        return None, []  # Return None for image and empty list for bboxes

    processed_image = None
    bounding_boxes = []

    try:
        # Preprocess the image (convert PIL to numpy, ensure RGB)
        # preprocess_image expects a PIL Image or something convertible by Image.fromarray
        processed_image = preprocess_image(image)

        if processed_image is not None:
            gray = cv2.cvtColor(processed_image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

            if face_detection_method == "OpenCV":
                print("Using OpenCV for face detection.")
                # Ensure the haarcascade file is accessible.
                # This path might need adjustment depending on the environment.
                # Construct the full path to the Haar cascade file
                cascade_path = os.path.join(
                    cv2.data.haarcascades, HAAR_CASCADE_FILENAME
                )

                # Check if the cascade file exists
                if not os.path.exists(cascade_path):
                    error_message = f"Error: Haar cascade file not found at {cascade_path}. Please ensure OpenCV is installed correctly and the file exists."
                    print(error_message)
                    return None, []  # Return None for image and empty list for bboxes

                face_cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier(cascade_path)

                faces = face_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, 1.1, 4)
                for x, y, w, h in faces:
                    cv2.rectangle(
                        processed_image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (255, 0, 0), 2
                    )
                    bounding_boxes.append(
                        {"x": int(x), "y": int(y), "w": int(w), "h": int(h)}
                    )

            elif face_detection_method == "dlib":
                print("Using dlib for face detection.")
                face_detector = load_face_detector()
                # dlib works on RGB images, but the detector can take grayscale
                # However, the rectangles are relative to the original image size
                # Let's use the original processed_image (RGB numpy array) for drawing
                faces = face_detector(processed_image, 1)  # 1 is the upsample level
                for face in faces:
                    x, y, w, h = face.left(), face.top(), face.width(), face.height()
                    cv2.rectangle(
                        processed_image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (255, 0, 0), 2
                    )
                    bounding_boxes.append(
                        {"x": int(x), "y": int(y), "w": int(w), "h": int(h)}
                    )

            return processed_image, bounding_boxes
        else:
            return None, []  # Return None for image and empty list for bboxes
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error in face detection processing: {e}")
        return None, []  # Return None for image and empty list for bboxes