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3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | What are they giving him $30,000 for? | {
"answer_start": [
623
],
"text": [
" paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report "
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | about what? | {
"answer_start": [
646
],
"text": [
" to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly"
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | How long after the conflict did Thomas pass? | {
"answer_start": [
1098
],
"text": [
"Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called \"a violent and desperate struggle\" last month with Fullerton police. \n"
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | Who is representing his father? | {
"answer_start": [
1539
],
"text": [
"Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron"
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | In what? | {
"answer_start": [
1702
],
"text": [
" he plans to pursue legal action against them."
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | Where is Garo filing ha lawsuit? | {
"answer_start": [
1254
],
"text": [
"Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court"
]
} |
3g2ul9a02de618o1l8v9d6pw51n67l | Los Angeles (CNN) -- The City Council of Fullerton, California, approved Tuesday evening the hiring of an independent consultant to reform the city's police force and review last month's arrest and subsequent death of a homeless schizophrenic man, a spokeswoman said.
Before a gallery of residents angry about the death, the council voted 5-0 to award a one-year $50,000 contract to Michael J. Gennaco, a consultant whose rate is $260 an hour, to examine the police department's policies and practices, city spokeswoman Sylvia Palmer Mudrick said.
The council then approved 4-1 a second contract, also for up to a year, paying Gennaco $30,000 to prepare a public report looking at the July 5 incident involving police and the death of Kelly Thomas, Mudrick said.
Gennaco told the council he will begin investigating the death after the Orange County District Attorney's office completes its own inquiry into the incident, Mudrick said. Gennaco is currently chief attorney for a civilian oversight committee created by the Los Angeles County supervisors to monitor the sheriff's department.
Thomas, 37, died five days after what the Orange County district attorney has called "a violent and desperate struggle" last month with Fullerton police.
Meanwhile, a Los Angeles attorney said he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers in a new unrelated case. But one of the officers in that case was also involved in the Thomas arrest, said the attorney, Garo Mardirossian.
Mardirossian is also representing Thomas' father, Ron, who is alleging that his son was a victim of police brutality and has notified Fullerton city officials that he plans to pursue legal action against them. | against whom? | {
"answer_start": [
1293
],
"text": [
"he is planning to file a police brutality lawsuit in federal court this week against Fullerton officers"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Is the European Union law a body? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"European Union law is a body of treaties"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | of what? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | How many sources of EU law are there? | {
"answer_start": [
183
],
"text": [
"The three sources of European Union law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is one? | {
"answer_start": [
183
],
"text": [
"The three sources of European Union law are primary law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Any others? | {
"answer_start": [
240
],
"text": [
"secondary law and supplementary law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is another one? | {
"answer_start": [
203
],
"text": [
" European Union law are primary law, secondary law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is primary law? | {
"answer_start": [
277
],
"text": [
"The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union."
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What are secondary sources? | {
"answer_start": [
359
],
"text": [
"Secondary sources include regulations and directives "
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Does the EU have a legislature? | {
"answer_start": [
445
],
"text": [
"The legislature of the European Union "
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | How many bodies make up the legislature? | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What are these? | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Do they establish secondary law? | {
"answer_start": [
573
],
"text": [
"which under the Treaties may establish secondary law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Is the law applied by courts? | {
"answer_start": [
677
],
"text": [
"European Union law is applied by the courts"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What are Directives? | {
"answer_start": [
923
],
"text": [
"uropean Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Is there a highest court? | {
"answer_start": [
1157
],
"text": [
"he European Court of Justice is the highest court "
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What do they do? | {
"answer_start": [
1156
],
"text": [
"The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is an example of a supplementary source of EU law? | {
"answer_start": [
1245
],
"text": [
"Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice,"
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | Any others? | {
"answer_start": [
1332
],
"text": [
"nternational law and general principles of European Union law."
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is one? | {
"answer_start": [
1331
],
"text": [
"international law "
]
} |
392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.
European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law. | What is another? | {
"answer_start": [
1353
],
"text": [
"general principles of European Union law."
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Who was in third grade? | {
"answer_start": [
453
],
"text": [
"Cory Etchberger was in third grade"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | When was he in 3rd grade? | {
"answer_start": [
453
],
"text": [
"Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Who died? | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | What was his ranking? | {
"answer_start": [
45
],
"text": [
"Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Did he have children? | {
"answer_start": [
326
],
"text": [
"Etchenberg's three sons"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | how many? | {
"answer_start": [
326
],
"text": [
"Etchenberg's three sons"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | What was he being awarded? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"awarded him the Medal of Honor,"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Who was awarding him with it? | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him "
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | How did he die? | {
"answer_start": [
519
],
"text": [
"his father had died in a helicopter accident"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Was that actually how he died? | {
"answer_start": [
453
],
"text": [
"Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story. "
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | When did he learn the truth of his fathers death? | {
"answer_start": [
581
],
"text": [
". At age 29 he learned the truth"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | What was Richard's nickname? | {
"answer_start": [
1111
],
"text": [
"Dick and his crew"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Who wrote a book? | {
"answer_start": [
1405
],
"text": [
"Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | What was the book called? | {
"answer_start": [
1472
],
"text": [
"wrote the book \"One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam.\""
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | Was Richard called a hero? | {
"answer_start": [
1560
],
"text": [
"He calls Etchberger \"a hero.\""
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | How did Richard exactly die? | {
"answer_start": [
1319
],
"text": [
"its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack. \n"
]
} |
33lkr6a5kekyskkbs5mtn6qxn10t1h | Washington (CNN) -- More than 42 years after Air Force Chief Master Sgt. Richard L. Etchberger died on a Laotian mountaintop, President Barack Obama on Tuesday awarded him the Medal of Honor, saying, "It's never too late to do the right thing. It's never too late to pay tribute to our Vietnam veterans and their families."
Etchenberg's three sons were at the White House for the ceremony. For decades they didn't know about their father's heroism.
Cory Etchberger was in third grade in 1968, when he was told that his father had died in a helicopter accident in Southeast Asia. At age 29 he learned the truth, when the U.S. Air Force declassified his father's story.
"I was stunned," he told CNN during a visit to his hometown of Hamburg, Pennsylvania.
During the Vietnam War, U.S. troops weren't supposed to be in neutral Laos, so Richard Etchberger and a handful of colleagues shed their uniforms and posed as civilians to run a top secret radar installation high on a Laotian cliff. Called Lima Site 85, it guided U.S. bombers to sites in North Vietnam and parts of Laos under communist control.
"Dick and his crew believed they could help turn the tide of the war, perhaps even end it," said Obama.
The North Vietnamese wanted to eliminate the installation, and early on the morning of March 11, 1968, its soldiers succeeded in scaling the 3,000-foot precipice and launching an attack.
Timothy Castle, of the CIA's Center for the Study of Intelligence, wrote the book "One Day Too Long: Top Secret Site 85 and the Bombing of North Vietnam." He calls Etchberger "a hero." | What war did he die during? | {
"answer_start": [
762
],
"text": [
"During the Vietnam War"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What are Nancy Drew books about? | {
"answer_start": [
299
],
"text": [
" Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Who has read several of these? | {
"answer_start": [
279
],
"text": [
"She has read several Nancy Drew books"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Does she enjoy them? | {
"answer_start": [
234
],
"text": [
"Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Is reading one of her favorite things to do at school? | {
"answer_start": [
72
],
"text": [
"Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | How many favorites does she have? | {
"answer_start": [
71
],
"text": [
" Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What else does she enjoy? | {
"answer_start": [
142
],
"text": [
"She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What kind of grades does she get? | {
"answer_start": [
53
],
"text": [
" gets good grades. "
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | How do you know? | {
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"She does well in school and gets good grades."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Has she ever laughed during class? | {
"answer_start": [
415
],
"text": [
"She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Why? | {
"answer_start": [
414
],
"text": [
" She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Is that a good thing? | {
"answer_start": [
501
],
"text": [
" Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! "
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What does she like to do at playtime? | {
"answer_start": [
575
],
"text": [
"When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Does she play by herself? | {
"answer_start": [
640
],
"text": [
"She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Who else joins her? | {
"answer_start": [
640
],
"text": [
"She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What makes her tired? | {
"answer_start": [
1034
],
"text": [
"Soccer always makes her very tired. "
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Why does she enjoy recess so much? | {
"answer_start": [
1070
],
"text": [
"Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Why was her version of tag different? | {
"answer_start": [
741
],
"text": [
"Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become \"It\""
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What happens next? | {
"answer_start": [
741
],
"text": [
"Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become \"It\"."
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | What games does she try to play most? | {
"answer_start": [
879
],
"text": [
"Anna always tries to play active games"
]
} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg5099j52 | Anna really likes school. She does well in school and gets good grades. Anna's favorite class time activities are reading, math, and writing. She also enjoys playing with her friends at recess. Anna has a lot of friends in her class. Anna's favorite books to read are mysteries. She has read several Nancy Drew books which are about a young woman who solves exciting mysteries. Anna also likes to read comic books. She tries not to read comic books in class because they often make her laugh out loud. Laughing very loud during quiet reading time could get her into trouble! When playing at recess, Anna likes to make up new games to play. She and her friend Lily enjoy playing games like tag, where you run around chasing after each other. Their games are different than tag because when you tag the other player you call out a math question they have to answer to become "It". Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her. Sometimes, if the balls are out, she plays soccer with some of her friends. Soccer always makes her very tired. Anna really enjoys playing during recess as it helps her to be ready to work hard in class. | Why? | {
"answer_start": [
879
],
"text": [
"Anna always tries to play active games; it makes recess much more fun for her."
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | who were the anglo-saxons? | {
"answer_start": [
34
],
"text": [
" inhabited Great Britain"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | around what century? | {
"answer_start": [
68
],
"text": [
"5th century"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | how is their language commonly referred to? | {
"answer_start": [
252
],
"text": [
"Anglo-Saxon"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | what is it more commonly called? | {
"answer_start": [
1009
],
"text": [
"Old English"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | do anglo-saxons come from one group? | {
"answer_start": [
107
],
"text": [
"Germanic tribes"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | roughly what year does the anglo-saxon period begin? | {
"answer_start": [
342
],
"text": [
"in Britain between about 450 and 106"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | up until what point? | {
"answer_start": [
375
],
"text": [
"1066"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | does that include after the Norman conquest? | {
"answer_start": [
429
],
"text": [
"Norman conquest."
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | who were they threatened by from extended invasions? | {
"answer_start": [
1043
],
"text": [
"Anglo-Saxons"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | what did the elites declare themselves? | {
"answer_start": [
1684
],
"text": [
" kings"
]
} |
33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr | The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.
The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.
The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period. | what did Helena Hamerow observe? | {
"answer_start": [
1835
],
"text": [
"kin groups remained...the essential unit "
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Who was the most beautiful cowgirl in the world? | {
"answer_start": [
51
],
"text": [
"Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl "
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Was she married? | {
"answer_start": [
301
],
"text": [
"Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Oh. Did her husband have a job? | {
"answer_start": [
383
],
"text": [
"Henry was a very good farmer"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | What was it? | {
"answer_start": [
383
],
"text": [
"Henry was a very good farmer"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Was he good at it? | {
"answer_start": [
383
],
"text": [
"Henry was a very good farmer."
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | What did he grow? | {
"answer_start": [
413
],
"text": [
"He grew tomatoes"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | If Henry only grew tomatoes, did someone else grow other vegetables? | {
"answer_start": [
431
],
"text": [
"His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | What was his name? | {
"answer_start": [
478
],
"text": [
"His neighbor's name was David"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Did David have a family? | {
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"David had a son"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Did the two families get along? | {
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"unknown"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Did they interact in any way? | {
"answer_start": [
566
],
"text": [
"One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | How did they usually interact? | {
"answer_start": [
566
],
"text": [
"One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. "
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Who was James? | {
"answer_start": [
509
],
"text": [
"David had a son named James"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | What was James doing that put him close enough to the horse to be run over? | {
"answer_start": [
574
],
"text": [
"James fell "
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Where? | {
"answer_start": [
547
],
"text": [
" in Henry's field."
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Why was he there? | {
"answer_start": [
531
],
"text": [
"James who played in Henry's field"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Did he keep playing after he was nearly run over? | {
"answer_start": [
700
],
"text": [
"His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Was Henry sorry? | {
"answer_start": [
767
],
"text": [
"Henry was very sorry"
]
} |
3nc5l260mom9579b3nffiyo4ovrofz | Once upon a time there was a cowgirl named Callie. Callie was the most beautiful cowgirl in all the land. She rode a beautiful horse. Her horse was brown. There are plenty of other horses. There are black horses, white horses, and red horses, but Callie's brown horse was the only horse in the world. Callie lived in a beautiful house with her husband. Her husband's name was Henry. Henry was a very good farmer. He grew tomatoes. His neighbor grew corn, potatoes, and bananas. His neighbor's name was David. David had a son named James who played in Henry's field. One day James fell and Henry almost ran him over with his horse. It was very scary. James was very careful when playing in the field. His dad told him never to play in the field again and he listened. Henry was very sorry for scaring him and sent him a basket of tomatoes. | Did he do anything to apologize? | {
"answer_start": [
808
],
"text": [
"sent him a basket of tomatoes."
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | What does the word borough derive from? | {
"answer_start": [
217
],
"text": [
"The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":"
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | Does burgz mean anything else? | {
"answer_start": [
217
],
"text": [
"The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":"
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | Is there an English version? | {
"answer_start": [
339
],
"text": [
"(England), \"burgh\""
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | Anything else? | {
"answer_start": [
281
],
"text": [
"meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\""
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | And the last one? | {
"answer_start": [
280
],
"text": [
" meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\""
]
} |
33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf | A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term "borough" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely.
The word "borough" derives from common Proto-Germanic "*burgz", meaning "fort": compare with "bury", "burgh" and "brough" (England), "burgh" (Scotland), "Burg" (Germany), "borg" (Scandinavia), "burcht" (Dutch), "boarch" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as "borgo" (Italian), "bourg" (French), "burgo" (Spanish and Portuguese), "burg" (Romanian), "purg" (Kajkavian) and "durg" (दर्ग) (Hindi) and "arg" (ارگ) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.
In the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word "borough" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement. | What does it indicate if used at the end of a place name? | {
"answer_start": [
698
],
"text": [
"The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. "
]
} |
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