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Køpi was squatted on February 23, 1990, by Autonomen from West Berlin.
Despite the terrible state of the building, the squatters were attracted by the large rooms.
The police did not attempt to evict the occupation, which marked the first time people from West Berlin had squatted in East Berlin.
The squatters legalised their occupation with the district council of Mitte in 1991.
From the very beginning, Køpi was a radical left space where anarchists, socialists, queers and musicians were welcome.
The building itself is covered in banners and graffiti.
It became known as Køpi because the squatters chose to use the Danish "ø" despite the name coming from the name of the street (Köpenicker Straße).
Køpi is also spelt Koepi, Köpi and even occasionally Kopi in English or Spanish texts.
Køpi has become a important symbol for the radical left in Berlin, linked to projects elsewhere such as the Ungdomshuset in Copenhagen and Rozbrat in Poznań.
The building was owned by the GDR and then by the state which succeeded it.
In 1995, the government sold the building to Volquard Petersen, who wished to develop the site into the Sun Courtyards (German: "Sonnenhöf").
He then ran out of money and the project was shelved.
Petersen fell into debt with the Commerzbank and the building was foreclosed.
In 1999, the district of Mitte carried out a forced auction.
The auction was unsuccessful with none of almost 30 participants offering to buy the property, which had an estimated value of 5.4 million marks.
The offer of Køpi residents to buy the building for one mark was rejected, alongside their request for the terrain to be declared a 'special use site for experimental living' (German: "Sondernutzungsfläche für experimentelles Wohnen").
In the meantime, the residents carried out essential repairs such as plumbing and preferred not to repair the facade, since they wanted to remember the chequered history of the building.
They also carried out many political actions designed to ensure their survival in the house and this made the building unattractive to investors.
For example, when another auction of the building was held in 2007, outside the courtroom there were 300 supporters of Køpi and also 300 hundred police officers.
Beforehand, the police had voiced concerns about violence, warning that the political situation was already tense after a solidarity demonstration for Ungdomshuset.
The auction was this time successful, the building being sold for €835,000 (half the estimated market value) to an agent of the new owner called Besnik Fichtner, an Albanian managing director of the company Plutonium 114.
He also bought two neighbouring properties for €900,000.
The actual new owner was the company Novum Köpenicker Straße 133-138 GmbH.
Other sources reported the new owner as the previously unknown company VKB GmbH & Co. KG.
The Versicherungskammer Bayern in Münich and the Volkskreditbank in Linz were forced to deny they had anything to do with the company, despite having the same initials as it.
Køpi was immediately threatened with eviction.
After one week, the Køpi residents had uncovered a paper trail leading to Berlin-based real estate developer Siegfried Nehls.
They visited Nehls' parents unannounced and his father invited them to drink tea before Nehls' brother called the police.
After one month, the police raided Nehls' headquarters (named as Vitalis Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Altbauten mbH) and twenty other properties, investigating financial irregularities.
By 2008, Fichtner had fallen out with Nehls and signed a 30 year rental contract with the inhabitants of Køpi.
There had been no actual signed agreement between Plutonium 114 and Nehls, so Fichtner was entitled to make a contract.
However, Fichtner then fell into debt and Commerzbank again called for a forced auction of Køpi in 2013.
There were also several auctions related to the "wagenplatz", which was not covered by the new rental agreement.
There were 50 people living in the house in 2016 and 50 in the "wagenplatz", a yard next to the house where people lived in vehicles and wagons.
In addition to being a housing project, the building hosted a variety of activities, including a bar, vegan café, concert venue, cinema, infoshop, gym, printing workshop, rehearsal space and a climbing wall.
The project is run by a weekly plenary which takes place on Sundays.
Only inhabitants of Köpi and members of projects using the space are allowed to attend.
No mobile phones are permitted.
A report by the Senate Department of Internal Affairs and the police in 2017 stated that "in general, it can be determined that the object Köpi 137 serves both as a retreat for left-motivated criminals and as a starting point for crimes."
In response, a Køpi spokesperson stated that "the presence of police on our site is often met with hostility, the parking of tourist buses and structural changes in the area are perceived as an expression of gentrification processes.
Displeasure about these things occasionally results in criminally relevant actions."
John Stephen Benezet
John Stephen Benezet (22 Jun 1683, Abbeville - 4 Apr 1751, Germantown) was a French Huguenot refugee who fled France first to Rotterdam, then London before settling in Germantown, Pennsylvania, USA
He was the son of Jean Benezet and Marie Madeleine Testart
In 1715 he left France after all his goods had been seized.
After spending time in Rotterdam he moved to London, where he went into business with his brother Jacques/James Benezet.
Marilyn Saviola
Marilyn E. Saviola (July 13, 1945 – November 23, 2019) was an American disability rights activist, executive director of the Center for the Independence of the Disabled in New York from 1983 to 1999, and vice president of Independence Care System after 2000.
Saviola, a polio survivor from Manhattan, New York, is known nationally within the disability rights movement for her advocacy for people with disabilities and had accepted many awards and honors for her work.
On July 13, 1945, Saviola was born in Manhattan at the New York Hospital.
Her parents, Peter Saviola and Camilla 'Millie' Saviola, who had no other children, were Italian immigrants who ran a candy shop/luncheonette in the Bronx.
In August 1955, a few weeks after her tenth birthday, Saviola contracted polio.
She was hospitalized at Willard Parker Hospital, a communicable disease hospital, and placed in an iron lung for two months.
The polio caused her quadriplegia; she used a wheelchair and a ventilator.
Because her family's home was not accessible, Saviola lived at Goldwater Memorial Hospital on Roosevelt Island during her teen years.
Saviola was part of creating the hospital's ward for young adult patients, with more age-appropriate routines, activities and outings.
She attended Long Island University, earning a bachelor's degree in psychology in 1970.
For her freshman year, she and another Goldwater patient attended classes remotely, by telephone, and took tests by mail, an arrangement "believed to be the first of its kind used in a hospital in the state".
She later earned a master's degree in rehabilitation counseling from New York University.
She met activist Judy Heumann at LIU, where they were both students.
Saviola was a rehabilitation counselor for 11 years at Goldwater Memorial Hospital in the 1970s and early 1980s.
While working at Goldwater Memorial, Saviola assisted individuals with severe physical disabilities and helped them with transitioning from living in the hospital to living in the community.
She was executive director of the Center for the Independence of the Disabled in New York from 1983 to 1998, and vice president of Independence Care System after 2000.
She chaired the Manhattan Borough Disability Advisory Group, and served on the boards of the Association of Independent Living Centers in New York, Disabled in Action, and the New York City Medicaid Managed Care Task Force.
Saviola worked for state legislation to support community living and independence for disabled New Yorkers.
Saviola had particular interest in disabled women's rights and health issues.
In 1979, she spoke at one of the first conferences on disabled women's lives, sponsored by the New York City Commission on the Status of Women and the Mayor's Office for the Handicapped.
Her fellow speakers included disability rights activists Sandra Schnur, Maria Nardone, and Frieda Zames.
Her advocacy work was credited in 2019 at the opening of a new radiology unit at NYC Health + Hospitals' Morrisania location in the Bronx, which featured accessible examination tables and mammography equipment.
In 2015, she received the Henry Viscardi Achievement Award for her lifetime of work in disability rights and in 2017, the New York State Disability Rights Hall of Fame inducted Saviola as part of their inaugural class of inductees.
On November 23, 2019, Saviola died at her home in Brooklyn at age 74 years.
At the time Robert Geraghty was her long-term partner.
An oral history interview with Saviola, about her life and activism, was recorded in 2001, is archived with the Disability Rights and Independent Living Movement (DRILM) Oral History Project at the Bancroft Library in Berkeley, California.
Paweł Czerwiński
Paweł Czerwiński (born 25 August 1965, in Kraków) is a Polish diplomat, ambassador to North Macedonia (since 2018).
Czerwiński graduated in 1989 from Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Law and Administration.
He started working for the Kraków public prossecutor's office.
In 1990, he joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland, starting from the attaché post at the Embassy of Poland in Moscow.
Between 1991 and 1996 he served at the embassy in Riga, supervising the legal, political and economic relations.
At that time, he authored a manual on restitution of the properties nationalized after the World War II.
For the next two years, he was desk officer for relations with Lithuania.
From 1998 to 2002 he was First Secretary for political affairs at the embassy in Ljubljana, for the first three years being in charge of not only Slovenia but also Bosnia and Herzegovina.
In autumn 2002, he was back in Warsaw, as a specialist for Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Bosnia and Gerzegovina.
Since August 2004, Czerwiński has been heading as chargé d’affaires the embassy in Ankara.
In July 2006 he became deputy chief of mission in Belgrade, being responsible for Polish-Serbian relations, Polish-Montenegrin relations (until the embassy in Podgorica in 2007 was opened), as well as cooperation with Polish soldiers and police officers serving in Kosovo.
Upon return from Belgrade in August 2012, he worked at the Diplomatic Protocol and the Inspectorate of the Foreign Service.
Since September 2013, he held the position of the Minister's Secretariat deputy director.
On 24 July 2015, he was nominated Poland ambassador to Slovenia, presenting his letter of credence on 17 September 2015.
Czerwiński is married, with a son.
Besides Polish, he speaks English, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, and French.
Peter Morey
Peter Morey (17981881) was the 2nd Michigan Attorney General.
Morey was born in Cazenovia, New York in 1798.
Morey was a Democrat.
Morey was admitted to the bar in 1831.
He praticed law in New York for four years until in 1835 he moved to Tecumseh, Michigan.
In 1837, Morey moved to Detroit.
He served as Michigan Attorney General from 1837 to 1841.
Morey then moved to back to Tecumseh for some years until finally moving to Marion, Ohio.
Morey died in Marion, Ohio in 1881.