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Datasets:
openclimatefix
/
uk_pv

Tasks:
Time Series Forecasting
Sub-tasks:
multivariate-time-series-forecasting
Languages:
English
Size:
1B<n<10B
Tags:
pv
photovoltaic
environment
climate
energy
electricity
DOI:
License:
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UK PV dataset

Domestic photovoltaic (PV) solar generation data from the United Kingdom. This dataset contains data from 24,662 solar PV systems from 2010 to 2025. The dataset is updated with new data every few months.

About 1,309 of the solar PV systems report data every 5 minutes. The remainder of the PV systems report data every 30 minutes.

To protect the privacy of the solar PV system owners, we have reduced the precision of the geographical location of each PV system to about 1 kilometer. If you are the owner of a PV system in the dataset, and do not want your solar data to be shared then please email us at [email protected].

This dataset is made possible by Sheffield Solar.

Files

  • metadata.csv: Data about the PV systems, e.g location
  • data/YYYY/MM/YYYYMM_{5,30)min.parquet: Energy production data for each solar PV system, for one month. Only the PV systems that are capable of recording data every 5 minutes are in the 5min file. The 30min file contains all the PV systems.
  • data/YYYY/YYYY_{5,30}min.parquet: All the energy production data for an entire year in one file. Note that this "yearly" file is only created once the year is complete.

metadata.csv

Metadata of the different PV systems.

Note that there are extra PV systems in this metadata that do not appear in the PV time-series data.

The csv columns are:

  • ss_id: The Sheffield Solar identifier of the solar PV system.
  • latitude_rounded: Latitude of the PV system, but rounded to approximately the nearest km.
  • longitude_rounded: Longitude of the PV system, but rounded to approximately the nearest km.
  • llsoacd: The Lower Layer Super Output Area (LLSOA). This is a way to divide up the United Kingdom into small regions. The LLSOA boundaries are published on the data.gov.uk website.
  • orientation: The orientation of the PV system, in degrees.
  • tilt: The tilt of the PV system with respect to the ground, in degrees. 0 degrees would be horizontal (parallel to the ground). 90 degrees would be standing perpendicular to the ground.
  • kwp: The power generation capacity of the PV system (kilowatts peak).
  • operational_at: the date the PV system started working (YYYY-MM-DD).

Legacy files (these will be removed soon):

  • 2min.parquet: Power output for PV systems every 2 minutes.
  • 5min.parquet: Power output for PV systems every 5 minutes.
  • 30min.parquet: Power output for PV systems every 30 minutes.
  • pv.netcdf: Time series of PV solar generation every 5 minutes.

{2,5,30}min.parquet

Time series of solar generation for a number of systems. Each file includes the systems for which there is enough granularity. In particular the solar PV systems in 2min.parquet and 5min.parquet are also in 30min.parquet.

The files contain 3 columns:

  • ss_id: The Sheffield Solar ID of the system.
  • datetime_GMT: The datetime of the recording in Greenwich Mean Time (UTC+0). Each row represents data for the time period ending at the datetime_GMT. For example, a row with a timestamp of 12:00 in a 30min.parquet file would represent the total energy generated from 11:30 to 12:00.
  • generation_Wh: The energy generated in the period (in watt hours) at the given timestamp for the given system. One "watt hour" is the amount of energy generated in one hour if the power output is one watt. So, to calculate the average power (in watts), multiply the generation_Wh by 12 in the 5-minutely datasets; or multiple generation_Wh by 2 in the 30-minutely datasets.

pv.netcdf (legacy)

Time series data of PV solar generation data is in NetCDF format, suitable to reading by xarray.

The data variables are the same as 'ss_id' in the metadata. Each data variable contains the solar generation (in kW) for that PV system. The ss_id's here are a subset of all the ss_id's in the metadata The coordinates of the date are tagged as 'datetime' which is the datetime of the solar generation reading.

This is a subset of the more recent 5min.parquet file.

example

using Hugging Face Datasets

from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("openclimatefix/uk_pv")

useful links

https://huggingface.co/docs/datasets/share - this repo was made by following this tutorial

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