id
stringlengths 2
8
| url
stringlengths 31
389
| title
stringlengths 1
250
| text
stringlengths 2
355k
|
|---|---|---|---|
6908984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven%20Drukman | Steven Drukman | Steven Drukman is an American playwright and journalist.
Biography
In 2000, Drukman received a Ph.D. from New York University, where he is currently an associate professor. Drukman spent many years writing for the Arts and Leisure section of The New York Times.
Drukman's first play, Going Native, premiered at the Long Wharf Theatre in 2002. The cast included David Adkins and Jessica Walter. In 2016, his play about Ted Williams, titled Going to See the Kid, received its world premiere at Merrimack Repertory Theatre in Lowell, MA and was nominated for an IRNE Award. In 2014, Death of the Author (published by Dramatists Play Service) premiered at the Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles, after being part of the 7@7 Series at Manhattan Theatre Club. Variety'''s Bob Verini called it "hands down, one of the very best plays of the year." Drukman's play The Prince of Atlantis received its world premiere at South Coast Repertory in April and was published in the July/August issue of American Theatre magazine. In This Corner, which examines the lives of boxers Joe Louis and Max Schmeling between 1930–1970, premiered at The Old Globe Theatre in San Diego, CA in January 2008 and received the San Diego Critics Circle award for Best New Play. The Bullet Round received its world premiere at Arena Stage in Portlland, Oregon in 2009.
His first feature film, To Whom I May Concern, will premiere in 2018.
In 2010, The Innocents was presented at the Asolo Repertory Theatre's "Unplugged" festival of new works and received its world premiere there in 2011. His play, Marquis Aurelius, appeared in the same festival in 2013.
One of his best known works is Another Fine Mess, which was an entrant for a Pulitzer Prize in 2003 and premiered at Portland Center Stage. His play Going Native premiered in 2002 at the Long Wharf Theatre in New Haven, Connecticut. Drukman is also the author of two adaptations of plays by Alexander Ostrovsky, titled Flattery Will Get You, which premiered at Connecticut Repertory Theatre, and Snowmaiden, which premiered at the Bob Hope Theater in Dallas, Texas.
He is featured in Susan Johann's Focus on Playwrights: Portraits and Interviews, published by the University of South Carolina press.
Additionally, he edited a collection of works by Craig Lucas titled The Dying Gaul and Other Screenplays. As an actor, he was a member of Chicago's Organic Theater Company and appeared in the 2006 film East Broadway''.
References
External links
Bio at the American Theatre Wing
American dramatists and playwrights
New York University alumni
New York University faculty
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
American male film actors
Living people |
6909071 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20White%20%28conscientious%20objector%29 | William White (conscientious objector) | William "Bill" White was a Sydney school teacher during the Vietnam War. In July 1966, White defied a notice to report for duty at an army induction centre. White was the first Australian to be a public conscientious objector to the Vietnam War. Both this initial application for total exemption and subsequent appeals were rejected. White was removed from his classroom and ordered to report to Army quarters at Watsons Bay. He refused to comply and waited at home for the authorities to make the next move.
This standoff lasted for several days and gained wide press coverage causing considerable embarrassment for the Australian Government. The standoff ended when White was dragged from his home after refusing to comply with an order to enter the army. A photo of this event became a potent symbol of the nature of conscription.
He was jailed just before the 1966 election, and continued to seek conscientious objector status until he eventually succeeded on 23 December 1966.
White's main objection was that he felt he was being asked to kill other human beings. However, he also had objections to the war itself and to conscription.
Quote
Firstly, I am standing against killing - the taking of human life... Morality, to me, is based on the respect for life. I respect people, I respect their feelings, I respect their property and I respect their equality, on the basic conscientious assumption that they have, as I have, the unquestionable right to live.
Secondly, I am standing against the war itself as a national and international policy. As war, by definition, has always incorporated killing, I would have been opposed to any war on this basis.
On the third front I am opposed to a state's right to conscript a person, I believe very strongly in democracy and democratic ideals—and I believe that it is in the area of the State's right over the life of the individual that the difference lies between totalitarian and democratic government. My opposition to conscription, of course, is intensified greatly when the conscription is for military purposes. In fact the National Service Act is the embodiment of what I consider to be morally wrong and, no matter, what the consequences, I will never fulfil the terms of the act.
It was these words that contributed to the memorable Moratorium Marches of 1970.
References
Australian conscientious objectors
People from Sydney
Anti–Vietnam War activists |
6909080 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexy%20time | Sexy time | Sexy time may refer to:
Sex in the "unfluent English" of the Borat character
nickname of Yangervis Solarte (born 1987), Venezuelan former professional baseball player |
26719980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongyipao | Hongyipao | Hongyipao (; ) was the Chinese name for European-style muzzle-loading culverins introduced to China and Korea from the Portuguese colony of Macau and by the Hendrick Hamel expedition to Joseon in the early 17th century.
Name
The term "red barbarian cannon" derives from the weapons' supposed Dutch origins, as the Dutch were called "red haired barbarians" in southern China. However, the cannons were originally produced by the Portuguese at Macau, with the exception of two cannons dredged up from a Dutch ship in 1621. The Dutch ship may have been in fact an English ship and the cannons had English coats of arms. The English ship Unicorn sank near Macau.
The Jurchens renamed the "red barbarian cannon" to "red coat cannon" () when it entered their arsenal because they found the term "barbarian" to be insulting, and were known as such in the Manchu Eight Banners.
History
Breech loading swivel cannons from Portugal entered the Chinese weaponry after a Ming fleet defeated the Portuguese at the Battle of Xicaowan in 1521 and captured their guns as war booty. However it's possible that individuals in China had been able to purchase Portuguese style cannons even earlier from pirates.
After the Ming dynasty suffered a series of defeats against the Later Jin, they contacted the Portuguese in Macau to have iron cannons made for them. Attempts were made to bring Portuguese gunners to the north as well, but they were repeatedly turned away because Chinese officials harbored suspicions against them. Yu Zigao, commander of Zhejiang and Fujian, ordered several "red-barbarian cannon" in 1624 prior to his expedition against the Dutch outpost on Penghu Island in the Pescadores.
The Ming dynasty used Fujianese to reverse engineer salvaged British and Dutch cannons they recovered from the sea. At the Siege of Fort Zeelandia, Koxinga deployed powerful cannon his uncle had dredged up years earlier from the sea.
Several Ming officials who supported the use of the new technology were Christian converts of the Jesuit mission, such as the influential minister Xu Guangqi and Sun Yuanhua in Shandong. The Tianqi Emperor asked a German Jesuit, Johann Adam Schall von Bell, to establish a foundry in Beijing to cast the new cannons. The first pieces produced there could throw a forty-pound shot. In 1623 some hongyipao were deployed to China's northern frontier at Sun's request under generals such as Sun Chengzong and Yuan Chonghuan. They were used to repel Nurhaci at the Battle of Ningyuan in 1626. After the Later Jin captured a Ming artillery unit at Yongping in 1629, they too began production of the . The manufacture and use of the hongyipao within the Later Jin Banner armies were carried out by Han Chinese defectors called (heavy troops). The Jurchen forces did not manufacture nor wield the guns themselves. The Later Jin army under Nurhaci's son Hong Taiji used these cannons along with the "generalissimo" cannons (also of European design) to great effect at the Battle of Dalinghe in 1631. Even after the later Jin became the Qing and Jurchens and Han defectors were reorganized into the Manchu Eight Banners, cannons and gunpowder weapons were still restricted exclusively to the Han Banners while the Manchu Banners avoided them. Han Bannermen specializing in artillery and muskets played a major role during Qing sieges of Ming fortifications.
By the 1680s, the Hongyipao had lost their place as the strongest weapons in the Qing arsenal, and were superseded by another type of cannon called the "miraculous-power general cannon."
Chinese improvements
Chinese gunsmiths continued to modify "red barbarian" cannons after they entered the Ming arsenal, and eventually improved upon them by applying native casting techniques to their design. In 1642, Ming foundries merged their own casting technology with European cannon designs to create a distinctive cannon known as the "Dingliao grand general." Through combining the advanced cast-iron technique of southern China and the iron-bronze composite barrels invented in northern China, the Dingliao grand general cannons exemplified the best of both iron and bronze cannon designs. Unlike traditional iron and bronze cannons, the Dingliao grand general's inner barrel was made of iron, while the exterior of brass.
The resulting bronze-iron composite cannons were superior to iron or bronze cannons in many respects. They were lighter, stronger, longer lasting, and able to withstand more intensive explosive pressure. Chinese artisans also experimented with other variants such as cannons featuring wrought iron cores with cast iron exteriors. While inferior to their bronze-iron counterparts, these were considerably cheaper and more durable than standard iron cannons. Both types were met with success and were considered "among the best in the world" during the 17th century. The Chinese composite metal casting technique was effective enough that Portuguese imperial officials sought to employ Chinese gunsmiths for their cannon foundries in Goa, so that they could impart their methods for Portuguese weapons manufacturing. According to the soldier Albrecht Herport, who fought for the Dutch at the Siege of Fort Zeelandia, the Chinese "know how to make very effective guns and cannons, so that it’s scarcely possible to find their equal elsewhere."
Soon after the Ming started producing the composite metal Dingliao grand generals in 1642, Beijing was captured by the Manchu Qing dynasty and along with it all of northern China. The Manchu elite did not concern themselves directly with guns and their production, preferring instead to delegate the task to Chinese craftsmen, who produced for the Qing a similar composite metal cannon known as the "Shenwei grand general." However, after the Qing gained hegemony over East Asia in the mid-1700s, the practice of casting composite metal cannons fell into disuse until the dynasty faced external threats once again in the Opium War of 1840, at which point smoothbore cannons were already starting to become obsolete as a result of rifled barrels. After the Battle of Taku Forts (1860), the British reported with surprise that some of the Chinese cannons were of composite structure with similar features to the Armstrong Whitworth guns. Many of the Qing cannons deployed along the coast were forged in the 17th or early 18th century.
Although the southern Chinese started making cannons with iron cores and bronze outer shells as early as the 1530s, they were followed soon after by the Gujarats, who experimented with it in 1545, the English at least by 1580, and Hollanders in 1629. However the effort required to produce these weapons prevented them from mass production. The Europeans essentially treated them as experimental products, resulting in very few surviving pieces today. Of the currently known extant composite metal cannons, there are 2 English, 2 Dutch, 12 Gujarati, and 48 from the Ming-Qing period.
See also
Korean cannon
List of muzzle-loading guns
References
Citations
Bibliography
.
Cannon
Artillery of China |
6909097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moffat%20Communications | Moffat Communications | Moffat Communications was a Canadian cable and broadcasting company. Privately owned by the Moffat family, the company was based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It first went public on the stock market in 1972.
In an interview with the Free Press reporter Paul Sullivan in November 1978, Moffat CEO Ronald Moffat predicted that Canada will introduce DBS services by 1983 and will beam superstations across the country.
They had 60% interest in Consumer Behavior Centre Inc. of Dallas, Texas, an advertising research subsidiary.
Assets
The company owned the following media businesses in Canada and the United States:
Media
Videon Cable-TV
CKY-TV
CKY
CITI-FM
WTN
Florida Satellite Network
Kingwood Cable and Lakewood Cable
CKXL
CHED (AM)
CHAB (AM)
CKLG
CFOX-FM
CKNG-FM
CHFM-FM
CHAM
Other
Consumer Behavior Centre Inc.
Winnipeg Jets
CKBI (once owned by Lloyd Moffat)
In the 1990s Moffat Communications divested itself of the Winnipeg Jets and in 1996, the NHL franchise relocated to Phoenix, Arizona, United States. Radio stations CHFM, CKY and CITI were sold to Rogers Communications, and Half of CHED and CKNG to CFCN Communications Limited and later in 1992 to Westcom Radio Group. Also that year, radio stations CHAM, CHAB and CFXX (formerly CKXL Calgary) were sold to Golden West Broadcasting, and CKLG and CFOX to Shaw Cablesystems. In 2001 the company was sold to Shaw Communications which already owned CKLG and CFOX-FM Through Corus Radio Company. Later, it was sold to Corus Entertainment, which resold CKY-TV to Bell Globemedia, and WTN to Corus Entertainment.
References
Defunct cable and DBS companies of Canada
Defunct broadcasting companies of Canada
Defunct companies based in Winnipeg |
20482362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968%20Major%20League%20Baseball%20All-Star%20Game | 1968 Major League Baseball All-Star Game | The 1968 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 39th playing of the midsummer classic between the all-stars of the American League (AL) and National League (NL), the two leagues comprising Major League Baseball.
The game was held on July 9, 1968, at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas the home of the Houston Astros of the National League, making this the first All-Star Game to be played indoors. The game resulted in the National League defeating the American League 1–0. It is the only All-Star Game played without a run batted in (RBI).
This was the first night All-Star Game since 1944. Apart from the 1969 game (which was originally scheduled to be played at night but was postponed to the following afternoon due to rain), all subsequent All-Star Games have been played at night.
Game summary
The American League was limited to three hits, unable to get a rally going against Don Drysdale, Juan Marichal, Steve Carlton and Tom Seaver, all future Hall of Famers.
A first-inning run scored by Willie Mays on a single, an errant pickoff attempt, a wild pitch by Luis Tiant and a double-play ball gave the winning National league the only run they would need.
Don Wert's eighth-inning double momentarily gave the AL a threat to tie the game, but Seaver struck out the side. In the ninth, with two out, Jerry Koosman was brought in from the bullpen to face Carl Yastrzemski, whose strikeout ended the game.
Starting lineups
Reserves
American League
Pitchers
Position players
National League
Pitchers
Position players
Line score
Line score
External links
Baseball Almanac
Boxscore at Baseball-Reference
Major League Baseball All-Star Game
Major League Baseball All-Star Game
Baseball in Houston
Major League Baseball All-Star Game
Sports competitions in Houston
July 1968 sports events in the United States
1960s in Houston |
26719982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parunthu | Parunthu | Parunthu (English:Eagle) is a 2008 Malayalam film by M. Padmakumar starring Mammootty and Jayasurya. The screenplay written by T.A. Rasaq.
Plot
Blade Purushottaman, nicknamed Parunthu Purushu for the way he preys on his targets, is a heartless financier. His rude and insulting ways of talking to people who owe him money have hurt many people.
Vinayan a young youth joins Parunthu Purushu to fight against Kallayi Azeez, who is Purushu's rival from childhood for his family needs.
Once Parunthu spoils the betrothal ceremony of Rakhi, the daughter of a Gujarati businessman Hemanth Bhai, who owes Parunthu a large sum. After the death of Hemanth Bhai, Rakhi takes money from Azeez. But for Azeez it was a trap and he wants more than money in return.
Later, Azeez sends a gunda to attack Purushu and brings him close to death. He is saved by Rekha and Vinayan. This changes Purushu and he decides to be a good man from then. The rest of the movie is about whether the people can accept him in his new character.
Cast
Mammootty as Parunthu Purushothaman
Jayasurya as Vinayan
Cochin Haneefa as Kunjachan
Suraj Venjaramoodu as Mahendran
Jayan Cherthala as Kallayi Azeez
Jagathy Sreekumar as Hemanth Bhai
Saiju Kurup as Vineeth
Lakshmi Rai as Rakhi
Poornitha as Bhuvana
Devan as Mahesh, Vineeth's brother
Manka Mahesh as Vineeth's mother
K. P. A. C. Lalitha as Narayaniamma
Sabitha Anand as Kumariyamma, Purushu's Mother
Augustine as Kumaran
Mamukkoya as Kunjikka
Jayakrishnan as CI Soman
Balachandran Chullikkadu as Abraham
Abu Salim as Prabhakaran
Sreelatha Namboothiri as Seetha's Grand mother
Anil Murali as Seetha's husband
Saju Kodiyan as Panicker
Ambika Mohan as Vinayan's mother
Songs
The movie features an acclaimed soundtrack composed by maestro Alex Paul and lyrics penned by Kanesh Punoor, Anil Panachooran and Sharath Vayalar.
References
External links
http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/malayalam/preview/10408.html
http://www.nowrunning.com/movie/5443/malayalam/parunthu/index.htm
2008 films
2000s Malayalam-language films
Indian films
Films directed by M. Padmakumar
Films scored by Alex Paul |
6909102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Gottfried | Mike Gottfried | Mike Gottfried (born December 17, 1944) is a sportscaster and former American football player and coach.
He served as the head football coach at Murray State University (1978–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1981–1982), the University of Kansas (1983–1985), and the University of Pittsburgh (1986–1989), compiling a career college football record of 76–55–4. Gottfried played college football at Morehead State University as a quarterback from 1962 to 1965. Before moving to the college coaching ranks, he coached high school football in Ohio, tallying a mark of 50–19–1. Gottfried is the uncle of Mark Gottfried, the head men's basketball coach at Cal State Northridge.
After coaching, Gottfried served as a college football color analyst and color commentator for ESPN from 1990 until 2007.
Gottfried's autobiography, entitled Coach's Challenge: Faith, Football, and Filling the Father Gap and co-written by Ron Benson, was released on September 11, 2007. Gottfried and his wife, Mickey, founded Team Focus in 2000, a cost-free community outreach program aimed at young men without fathers. Gottfried felt drawn to start Team Focus, because he lost his father at age 11 and understood the difficulties and hardships young men growing up without fathers.
Head coaching record
College
Notes
References
External links
1944 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
College football announcers
Arizona Wildcats football coaches
Cincinnati Bearcats football coaches
Kansas Jayhawks football coaches
Morehead State Eagles football players
Murray State Racers football coaches
Pittsburgh Panthers football coaches
High school football coaches in Ohio |
6909115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constable%20Hook | Constable Hook | Constable Hook is a cape located on the north side of the outlet of Kill van Kull into Upper New York Bay in Bayonne, New Jersey.
The cape has long been an important site of marine transfer operations in the Port of New York and New Jersey. Just offshore, Robbins Reef Light serves to guide harbor traffic. Since the late 20th century, brownfields have been repurposed for recreational and commercial uses.
Historically the term Constable Hook may be used more broadly, as synonymous with Bergen Point such as when it defined the southern extent of Bergen Neck and of Bergen Township when established in 1693. On March 15, 1861, the New Jersey Legislature approved unification of Constable Hook along with Bergen Point, Centerville and Salterville into the Township of Bayonne. Three weeks later the Charter for the City of Bayonne was signed by Governor Charles S. Olden.
History
Van Buskirk family
In 1646, the Dutch West India Company, under the leadership of Director-General William Kieft, gave a land grant to Jacob Jacobsen Roy who was a chief gunner or constable in Fort Amsterdam in New Amsterdam. the capital of New Netherland. The area, "Konstapel's Hoeck" in Dutch, takes its name from Roy's title. Roy, however, never cultivated or settled on the land.
The first settler is believed to be Pieter Van Buskirk (Boskerck). Born around January 1, 1665, Van Buskirk built a stone house overlooking Upper New York Bay on Constable Hook at what became known as Van Buskirk's Point around the year 1700. Van Buskirk started a small family cemetery next to his house in 1736. His wife, Tryntje died on October 31 of that year and was buried in the cemetery. Pieter Van Buskirk died two years later on July 20, 1738 and was also buried in the cemetery.
In 1798, Van Buskirk descendants sold a portion of Constable Hook to the Hazard Powder Co. that built a factory and dock. During the War of 1812, the Hazard Powder Co. factory produced gunpowder for the U.S. Navy and for fortifications in and around New York harbor.
In 1854 James J. Van Buskirk (1791–1856), wrote a will and mentioned of his land situated at Constable Hook off East 22 Street was to be reserved for a cemetery. The cemetery was not opened until December 1854 and plots in the cemetery were sold soon after. The official name of the cemetery is not known, but it was often referred to in documents as "Hook Cemetery", "Bayonne Cemetery", "Constable Hook", and is known as the "Bayonne Constable Hook Cemetery". The remaining parts of the cemetery underwent a restoration project of the 1980s. It is surrounded by property owned by IMTT and is also maintained by the company.
Port Johnston
The industrial Port Johnson area is located in the southwestern portion of Constable Hook. In 1864, after building a railroad bridge over Newark Bay, the Central Railroad of New Jersey laid railroad tracks through Bayonne into Constable Hook. After the American Civil War, they built the Port Johnston Coal Docks, at the time the largest coal port in the world. Many Irish immigrants took jobs with the railroad living in Constable Hook. So many Irish had moved there that the residents of Bayonne referred to the area as "Irishtown." On July 26, 1877, the first full scale strike occurred in Bayonne at the Port Johnston Coal Docks when workers walked off the job. Port Johnston was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Italian soldiers during WW2.
Refineries and tank farm-liquid storage
In 1872, John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil bought 176 acres of land on Constable Hook, and by 1885 there was a pipeline connecting it to the field of Texas. Three years later, Prentice Oil Company was also established at Constable Hook. This company was later sold to a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad called Empire Transportation Company, a competitor of Standard Oil. Other oil companies like Tidewater and Ocean Oil also built refineries on Constable Hook. The oil companies attracted Hungarian, Czech and Slovakian immigrants from Eastern Europe.
The Van Buskirk farmhouse was demolished in 1906 by the Standard Oil Company, which owned the land and were expanding their refinery. Standard Oil has now refurbished the cemetery.
On July 4, 1900, a fire broke out in the Standard Oil refinery. It started when lightning caused a number of the large oil tanks to explode. Flaming oil spread out into New York Bay. It took three days to extinguish the fire that in the end caused $2.5 million in damages yet only nine injuries.
During the Bayonne refinery strikes of 1915–1916 workers at the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey went on strike over wages and union organization. Bayonne police battled the strikers causing the death of one striker. A week later, on July 22, a riot broke out as gunfire would take the lives of four more men, one as young as 19, and injuring many others, one as young as twelve. A second strike would occur the following year. On October 10, a riot broke out that left three policeman and several strikes injured. As the riots continued in the streets, police and strikers traded gunfire and one woman was killed. The strike ended on October 19 as the strikers returned to work and Standard Oil agreed to give everyone a raise.
The facilities of IMTT are located at the southeastern portion of the hook. and were sold it to Macquarie Infrastructure Company in 2014.
Exxon is responsible for clean-up of environmental damage caused by oil facilities, and has been the subject of extended litigation. As of 2015, Exxon has completed a soil investigation at the 324-acre terminal. It has until May 7, 2016, to finish its groundwater investigation under a bill passed unanimously by the New Jersey Legislature in late 2013 that gave polluters a deadline extension on investigating cleanups. according to the NJ DEP, clean-up at Constable Hook has included excavation, stabilization, capping, and the capturing of ground water contamination and installation of steel wall containment systems. The controversial ExxonMobil-New Jersey environmental contamination settlement was made during the governorship of Chris Christie.
Redevelopment projects
Most of eastern Constable Hook was the 20th century Bayonne city dump, and now belongs to the Bayonne Golf Club, including a recreated lighthouse on the highest hill on the cape, serving as its clubhouse. The north end has South Cove Commons, a late 20th-century shopping mall on North Hook Road, and a public shoreside nature walk east of there, affording views of tidal mudflats, the former Military Ocean Terminal at Bayonne, and New York Harbor. The Hudson River Waterfront Walkway runs along the northern shore of the cape. The Bayonne Energy Center opened in 2012.
See also
Bergen Neck
Geography of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary
Port of New York and New Jersey
Port of Paulsboro
External links
Constable Hook, NJ real time tides (forecast guidance), NOAA.
Bayonne Constable Hook Cemetery.
Chapter XIX, Old Bergen,Daniel Van Winkle, 1902.
Sunset, Constable's Hook, etching, Childe Hassam, 1915, Cleveland Museum of Art.
Old Firefighter movie, Constable Hook, July 5, 1900, from Library of Congress collections.
References
New Netherland
Peninsulas of New Jersey
Neighborhoods in Hudson County, New Jersey
Landforms of Hudson County, New Jersey
1646 establishments in the Dutch Empire
17th-century establishments in New Jersey
Establishments in New Netherland |
20482390 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Tyler%20Guitars | James Tyler Guitars | James Tyler Guitars is a manufacturer of electric guitars. The company was located near Van Nuys, California and established in 1972. consequently reaching the public eye through studio musicians like Dann Huff, Michael Landau, and Neil Stubenhaus. The company is known for creating custom high end guitars, with an unusual headstock, and guitar body finishes with names like "psychedelic vomit", "burning water", and "caramel cappuccino shmear".
History
During the 1980s the company did primarily repairs and modifications of guitars, but built some custom guitars based on parts from other manufacturers such as Kramer for the Los Angeles studio musicians Dean Parks, Michael Landau and Dann Huff. In 1987 the first production model was released called the "Studio Elite", a hot-rodded Fender Stratocaster The woodwork was done by hand and it featured a "hockey paddle" headstock, which was used to ensure that the company does not infringe on Fender Musical Instruments Corporation's trademark headstock design. Additional standard features include a Demeter mid-boost circuit with a gain control and a preset switch and a neck finish designed to look like it has been worn-in through years of use even though it is brand new, similar to what Music Man did with their Eddie Van Halen signature model guitars. The Studio Elite model is featured on Guitarist magazine's list of "50 guitars to play before you die".
Their second model, the "Ultimate Weapon" (available with two or three humbuckers and a Floyd Rose locking tremolo), was introduced in 1993 and was also based on the Fender Stratocaster but with a redesigned appearance. The latest incarnation of the guitar, the "Ultimate Weapon HD", introduced in 2007, came with a pickguard, an H/S/S pickup layout and a Wilkinson vibrato. Tyler describes this model as "a Studio Elite wearing an Ultimate Weapon suit." In 2006 they introduced two models named Mongoose and Mongoose Retro, the former leaning towards Gibson-style design, while the latter is more of a Fender-design, both being "a sort of Les Paul-meets-Telecaster" and taking over for the Telecaster-styled Tylerbastar line. By now the manufacturing process had also started to utilize a Fadal digital CNC machine for routing the guitar bodies, allowing for additional optional features like a hollow body. The company now also winds their own pickups, while earlier they used standard and custom pickups from manufacturers like Seymour Duncan, DiMarzio, Lindy Fralin, Tom Anderson and John Suhr.
The company's first original finish was created in 1991 for Michael Landau as a joke that Tyler has commented "unfortunately, the world took it seriously". It got named "psychedelic vomit", and Jordan McLachlan of Guitarist magazine described it as "completely mad and random". The second finish was created in 1993, again for Michael Landau, and was named "burning water", and is a combination of different colors which Neville Marten described as "a mass of swirls in different metallic colors". In 1998 the first "shmear" finish was created, a paint job that uses layers of different kinds of paint and takes about a week to finish.
In 2008 the company released a series of guitars using the brand "Joe" and only made them available to the Japanese market. These guitars are a more minimal version of the Studio Elite and the Strat-style Classic models.
A Tyler-designed series of Line 6's Variax line of guitars was announced in the spring of 2010.
The company also produced a limited number of custom-built bass guitars between 1992 and 2006, used for instance by David Hungate and Neil Stubenhaus.
In 2011 Tyler Guitars relocated their operation and offices to a new facility in San Fernando Valley. In 2014 James Tyler partnered with Japanese distributor Daisuke Kitahara to manufacture affordable versions of their popular models in Japan before establishing Tyler Guitars Japan two years later.
Models
Studio Elite
Ultimate Weapon
Mongoose
Tylerbastar
Classic
Artists
Some musicians who use/have used Tyler guitars are:
Abraham Laboriel
Dann Huff
David Williams
David Hungate
Dean Parks
Elvis Costello
Glenn Pearce
George Lynch
Jake E. Lee
Jennifer Batten
John Fogerty
Keith Howland
Kenny Loggins
Michael Anthony
Michael Casswell
Michael Landau
Neil Stubenhaus
Prince
Rick Derringer
Robben Ford
Steve Howe
Steve Lukather
Steve Watson
Stuart Hamm
Terry L Perry
Gerry McGee
Tommy Walker (worship leader)
Vivian Campbell
Walter Becker
Wayne Krantz
Yuji Toriyama
Jae Park
References
External links
Official website
Guitar manufacturing companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in Greater Los Angeles
Design companies established in 1972
Manufacturing companies established in 1972
1972 establishments in California |
20482392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus%20Birkenkrahe | Marcus Birkenkrahe | Marcus Birkenkrahe (born 29 December 1963 as Marcus Speh in Bad Kreuznach, Germany) is a physicist and information architect who also works as an executive coach.
After obtaining his Abitur in 1983, Birkenkrahe studied physics, mathematics and chemistry at the University of Hamburg. In 1994, he worked as a research assistant at DESY in Zeuthen near Berlin and earned his doctorate with a dissertation on multigrid computations for lattice gauge theories using object-oriented, literate programming. As co-founder and chairman of the Globewide Network Academy (GNA), he received the awards for "Best Campus-Wide Information System" and "Best Educational Site" at the First World-Wide Web conference (WWW1) in Geneva, Switzerland in 1994. Between 1995 and 2001 he worked as a corporate IT executive for Accenture and Royal Dutch Shell. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce (RSA), London (1998–2008) and has been a registered expert and reviewer for knowledge management for the European Union since 1999. In 2002, he served as a visiting professor for knowledge management at the University of Auckland Business School where he won the "Best Paper 2002" award of the University of Auckland Business Review.
Since 2007, Birkenkrahe is a professor of management information systems at the Berlin School of Economics and Law, a German University of Applied Sciences and Head of E-Learning (since 2008). He serves as member of the editorial board for the International Journal of Big Data Management and of the International Journal of Data Science.
References
External links
Personal blog.
Faculty Profile – at Berlin School of Economics and Law.
Wikiversity Userpage.
21st-century German physicists
Information architects
Berlin School of Economics and Law faculty
1963 births
Living people
University of Hamburg alumni |
20482398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selling%20Out%20%28film%29 | Selling Out (film) | Selling Out is a 1972 Canadian short film for cinema and TV directed by Tadeusz Jaworski, and written and produced by Jack Winter. It was nominated for an Academy Award (Short Subject) in 1972. It was named Best Documentary at the 24th Canadian Film Awards.
References
External links
Selling Out at the Canadian Educational, Sponsored, and Industrial Film Project
1972 films
1972 documentary films
1972 short films
1970s short documentary films
English-language Canadian films
Canadian short documentary films
Best Short Documentary Film Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners |
20482424 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Tide%20of%20Traffic | The Tide of Traffic | The Tide of Traffic is a 1972 British short documentary film directed by Derek Williams. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
References
External links
Watch The Tide of Traffic at BP Video Library
1972 films
1972 documentary films
1972 short films
English-language films
British short documentary films
1970s short documentary films |
20482448 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jake%20Hooker%20%28journalist%29 | Jake Hooker (journalist) | Jake Hooker (October 27, 1973 Newton, Massachusetts) is an American journalist and recipient of the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting and the Gerald Loeb Award for Large Newspapers for investigations done while in China over concerns with how dangerous and poisonous pharmaceutical ingredients from China have flowed into the global market.
He attended Milton Academy and Dartmouth College where he studied art history.
In 2000, he was a Peace Corps volunteer in China for two years; he taught English in Wanxian.
His first published newspaper article about his life in Waxian appeared in The Boston Globe in 2001. In 2003, he worked for the Surmang Foundation in China. In his free time, he has learned Chinese.
He currently works for the New York Times.
References
Dartmouth College alumni
American male journalists
Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting winners
1973 births
Living people
Gerald Loeb Award winners for Large Newspapers |
23579456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999%20Canada%20Cup | 1999 Canada Cup | The Canada Cup ( Maple Cup) of 1999 was an international football (soccer) tournament played at the Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada from 2 June 1999 to 6 June 1999. It included hosts Canada, Iran, Ecuador and Guatemala, which replaced the Brazil Olympic Team.
All games were considered full FIFA international games. Ecuador's striker Ariel Graziani became top scorer of the event, scoring three goals in three matches.
Final table
Results
Ecuador vs Iran
Canada vs Guatemala
Ecuador vs Guatemala
Canada vs Iran
Iran vs Guatemala
Canada vs Ecuador
References
RSSSF
1999
1999 in Ecuadorian football
1999 in Canadian soccer
1999 in Guatemalan sport
1998–99 in Iranian football
June 1999 sports events in Canada |
20482454 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Michael%20and%20All%20Angels%20Church%2C%20Penwerris | St Michael and All Angels Church, Penwerris | St Michael and All Angels Church, Penwerris is a parish church of the Church of England located in Penwerris, near Falmouth, Cornwall. The church is Anglo-Catholic and under the care of the Bishop of Ebbsfleet rather than the diocesan bishop.
The church was originally dedicated to the Holy Trinity, but this was later changed to St Michael & All Angels. It is a plain rectangular building of stone erected in 1827 and opened on 9 January 1828. It consists of a nave only and a western gallery. Penwerris only became a parish in 1848; until then it was part of the parish of Budock.
Organ
The church has a two-manual pipe organ by Hele & Co dating from 1889. A specification of the organ can be found in the National Pipe Organ Register.
References
Church of England church buildings in Cornwall
Anglo-Catholic church buildings in Cornwall
Buildings and structures in Falmouth, Cornwall
Commissioners' church buildings |
23579462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Lidgbird | Mount Lidgbird | Mount Lidgbird, also Mount Ledgbird and Big Hill, is located in the southern section of Lord Howe Island, just north of Mount Gower, from which it is separated by the saddle at the head of Erskine Valley, and has its peak at above sea level.
The trek to the summit is for expert climbers only. Ropes are needed to scale the cliffs and slippery, steep terrain. In comparison, Mount Gower is an easy hike. Halfway up the mountain is Goat House Cave, a former shelter for 19th-century Kentia palm gatherers. From this spot, visitors can see nesting masked boobies and numerous red-tailed tropicbirds.
Etymology
Mount Lidgbird is named by the naval officer Captain Henry Lidgbird Ball in honour of his father, George Lidgbird Ball. Ball junior first sighted Lord Howe Island in 1788 while he was on his way to Norfolk Island in the ship HMS Supply. He also named the nearby rock outcrop Ball's Pyramid.
Flora
Cryptocarya forest, one of two types found on the island, the other being palm forest, is found in patches on the slopes of the mountain between elevations of above sea level.
Palm species growing on the mountain include Hedyscepe and Lepidorrhachis.
See also
List of mountains in Australia
References
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
Geography of Lord Howe Island
Shield volcanoes of Australia
Hotspot volcanoes
Volcanoes of New South Wales
Mountains of New South Wales
Volcanoes of the Pacific Ocean
Volcanoes of Zealandia
Extinct volcanoes
Miocene volcanism
Polygenetic shield volcanoes |
20482468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oh%20Yeon-seo | Oh Yeon-seo | Oh Yeon-seo (born Oh Haet-nim, ), is a South Korean actress and best known for her roles in television dramas My Husband Got a Family (2012), Jang Bo-ri is Here! (2014), Shine or Go Crazy (2015), Come Back Mister (2016), My Sassy Girl (2017), A Korean Odyssey (2017–18), Love with Flaws (2019–20), and Mad for Each Other (2021).
Early life
Oh was born in Jinju, South Gyeongsang Province and grew up in Changnyeong County. In the second year of middle school, Oh followed a group of friends to an audition for SM Entertainment, held in Daegu, but was rejected. However, another company contacted her saying that she had qualified and she moved to Seoul, debuting four months later at the age of 15.
Oh was accepted into Anyang Arts High School after her band's disbandment and went on to become an actress. She changed her name from Haet-nim to Yeon-seo after consulting a shaman with her mother.
Oh then entered Dongguk University, joining the theater and film department.
Career
Beginnings
Oh Yeon-seo made her entertainment debut in 2002 when she was 15-years-old under her birth name Oh Haet-nim, with the SidusHQ-managed band LUV. They released their first album, Story, with the singles "Orange Girl" and "I Still Believe in You". The band was short-lived and disbanded six months later. Oh then shifted to acting and made her debut appearance in the 2003 drama Sharp, but remained unknown.
2012–2013: Rising popularity
Though she had a major role in the 2009 film A Blood Pledge, it wasn't until she was cast in the family drama My Husband Got a Family (2012) that she gained recognition. She then joined the popular variety program We Got Married alongside MBLAQ's Lee Joon. Towards the end of 2012, Oh was cast in daily drama Here Comes Mr. Oh where she had her first lead role.
In 2013, Oh played a thoracic resident surgeon in medical drama Medical Top Team. She was appointed an ambassador for the first annual Animal Film Festival in Suncheon along with Kim Min-jun and Kal So-won to help raise awareness for animal rights and welfare in August. Oh was also appointed a Red Cross Ambassador together with actor Ryu Soo-young.
2014–present: Breakthrough
Oh played the lead role of Jang Bo-ri, a compassionate and selfless person, in the highly acclaimed series Jang Bo-ri is Here! (2014). The drama's ratings peaked at 40.4%, and led to a surge in popularity for Oh. She had a hard time playing the character as she grew up in Gyeongsang-do but her character had to speak the Jeolla-do dialect, which she had never used in her entire life.
In 2015, Oh played Shin Yool, the last princess of Balhae, in the historical drama Shine or Go Crazy, co-starring Jang Hyuk. The series was a modest hit, and topped ratings in its timeslot throughout its run.
Oh then starred alongside Rain in the SBS drama Please Come Back, Mister, which aired from February to April, 2016. She played Han Hong-nan, a male character reincarnated in a female's body. Oh was praised for her chemistry with co-star Lee Ha-nui, whom she has acted with in her previous project Shine or Go Crazy. She also impressed viewers through her comedic portrayal of her masculine role. The same year, she starred in Take Off 2, the sequel to the 2009 movie Take Off where she plays a member of the first South Korean woman's national ice hockey team.
In 2017, Oh starred in the historical drama remake of the 2001 box office hit My Sassy Girl alongside Joo Won. In August 2017, Oh signed with new management agency Celltrion Entertainment. The same year, she was cast in tvN's fantasy romantic comedy/tragedy drama A Korean Odyssey, written by the Hong sisters.
In 2018, Oh starred in the film adaptation of the Cheese in the Trap alongside Park Hae-jin, who also played the role of Yoo Jung in the drama.
In 2019, Oh was cast in the romantic comedy drama Love with Flaws.
In October 2019, Oh re-signed with SidusHQ.
Later in November 2021, Oh officially signed with Story J Company.
Personal life
On March 29, 2018, it was confirmed that Oh is in a relationship with actor Kim Bum. However, after a few months of dating they were reported to have parted ways.
Filmography
Awards and nominations
Listicles
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
People from Daegu
South Korean television actresses
South Korean female idols
South Korean film actresses
South Korean women pop singers
21st-century South Korean actresses
21st-century South Korean singers
21st-century South Korean women singers
IHQ (company) artists
Dongguk University alumni |
20482481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minardi%20PS04B | Minardi PS04B | The Minardi PS04B was a Formula One race car used by Minardi Cosworth in the 2004 Formula One season.
In 2003 all of the Arrows A23 chassis and the full Arrows Grand Prix International intellectual property rights were bought by Minardi. The Arrows A23 was renamed the Minardi PS04A and in back-to-back tests it was found superior to the Minardi's PS03. Minardi however decide that they could not run a "pure-Arrows" and hence used the Arrows intellectual property, which included the new designs for the Arrows A24 and the best elements from the PS03 and PS04A / Arrows A23 to develop the Minardi PS04B for the 2004 season.
Period reports even hinted that the PS04B was possibly based more closely on the Arrows A24 than Minardi might have been prepared to publicly admit.
For following season the PS04B was developed into the PS05.
The PS04B was driven by rookie Gianmaria Bruni, and Zsolt Baumgartner who had moved from Jordan. The team managed to earn their first point in two years, after Baumgartner finished 8th (albeit last) at the United States Grand Prix.
In 2005, Minardi used a PS04B chassis for the first three races of the season before they made a new PS05 chassis due to assembly problems.
Complete Formula One results
(key) (results in bold indicate pole position)
* All points scored with the PS05.
References
External links
Minardi PS04B Technical Specs
Minardi Formula One cars |
23579464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ancient%20Macedonians%20in%20epigraphy | List of ancient Macedonians in epigraphy | Ancient Macedonians are attested in epigraphy from the 5th century BC throughout classical antiquity. For those recorded in classical literary sources, see list of ancient Macedonians.
Atheno-Macedonian decreesGreek personal names By Elaine Matthews, Simon Hornblower, Peter Marshall Fraser, British Academy pages 99-119
Attica (c. 436 bc)
The names occur also in the second decree below
Aeropos son of Philippos
Agelaos son of Alketes
Alketas son of Alexandros I (and one Alexandros son of Alketes)
Archelas son of Perdikkas II (Archelaus I of Macedon)
Menelaos son of Alexandros
Perdikkas son of Alexandros I (Perdiccas II the king)
Attica (c. 415 BC)
Adimos hapax as Adimos, always Adymos
Alexandros son of Pantaponos
Agathon
Agerros son of Philippos
Antigenes
Antiochos termed as basileus king, presumably of Orestians
Arrabaios Arrhabaeus the king of Lyncestis
Attakinos
Autannios
Bordinos
Botres
Boukris
Byrginos son of Kraston
Dadinos
Derdas
Dirbeas
Etharos
Eulandros
Eurylochos
Gaiteas
Idatas
Kallias
Kallimachos
Kleandros
Kratennas
Korrabos
Korratas
Lykaios
Limnaios
Meleagros
Misgon
Neoptolemos
Nikandros
Nomenios
Pausanias son of Machetas (Machatas)
Stadmeas
Amphipolis (352-350 BC)Actes de vente d'Amphipolis
By Miltiades Chatzopoulos, Page 38
sale deed of a house
Antipatros son of Kleinias seller
Aratos buyer
Arogomachos witness
Damon neighbour
Dionyzios witness
Dynnichos neighbour
Garreskios witness
Hermagoras priest
Hipottas guarantor
Laandrichos seller
Polyainos witness
Philotas witness
Spargis epistates chairman
Kalindoia decree (c. 335 - 305 BC)Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings by Miltiades Chatzopoulos page 151
Agathanor son of Agathon priest
Amerias son of Kydias
Antigonos son of Menandros
Antimenon son of Menandros
Antiphanes son of Soson
Glaukias son of Dabreias
Gydias son of Krithon
Gylis son of Eurytias
Harpalos son of Pha[— — —]
Hegesippos son of Nikoxenos
Ikkotas son of Gyrtos
Kallias son of Apollonios
Kanoun son of Assa[.]mikos
Kertimmas son of Krithon
Kratippos son of Eurytias
Lykourgos son of Nikanor
Menelaos son of Menandros
Myas son of Philiskos or Philistos
Nikanor son of Nikon and Nikanor son of Sosos
Parmenion son of Al[— — —]
Pason son of Skythas
Perdikkas son of Ammadiskos
Philagros son of Menandros
Philotas son of Leonidas
Philoxenos son of E[— — —]
Ptolemmas son of M..
Sibras son of Herodoros
Troilos son of Antigonos
Waddys or Gaddys son of Astion
Lete (c. 350 - 300 BC)Macedonian Institutions Under the Kings by Miltiades Chatzopoulos page 151
Lysandros son of Amyntas and
Lyson son of Pleistiades or Nausiades along with their hetairoi
Adaios
Agestratos
Alketas
Antigonos
Antiphilos
Arrabaios
Attalos
Attinas
Demetrios
Epigonos
Epikrates
Epimenes
Euthymides
Iollas
Lysanias
Menandros
Polemon
Ptolemaios
Sirras
Sopatros
Curse tablets (4th century BC)
Mygdonia
Diogenes
Epanaros
Hosperos the father of them
Iobiles
Kriton
Menon
Pella
Dagina
Dionysophon
Makron
Thetima
Pydna
Agesias
Aiolos
Alkimos
Amdokos
Amerynkas
Amyntas
Amyntichos
Amyntor
Antiphila
Arisstion
Arybbas
Asandros
Boulona
Chorotimas
Euboula
Euippas
Euphanios
Euthydikos
Diognetos
Dionysios
Doros
Galestas
Harpalos
Hippias
Hellan
Kallias
Kleandros
Krateuas
Ktolemmas
Kyllis[-]
Limnaios
Lokros
Lynkoritas
Lysidamos
Menyllos
Mikalinos
Nautas
Nikandros
Nikonidas
Nikolaos
Nikylla
Oroidyos
Pauratas
Pausanias
Philan
Philippos
Philonychos
Polemokrates
Polykasta
Protocharis
Simmias
Sitalkas
Stratonika
Tarrias
Theopropos
Theutimos
Thrason
Timokrates
Trochas
Parmeniskos group (3rd century BC)
A list of potters
Theorodokoi
Perdiccas, possibly Perdiccas III of Macedon ~365-311 BC Epidaurian
Pausanias of Kalindoia
Hadymos and Seleukos son of Argaios
Naopoioi
Naopoios (Temple-builder), an elected Archon by Hieromnemones, responsible for restoring the temple of Apollo in Delphi
Philippus
Timanoridas (son of Cordypion) ~361-343 BC
Leon (son of Hegesander) 331 BC
Individuals
500 - 400 BC
Aristotima of Sôsos Dion c. 400 BC
Attya Aiane c. 450-400 BC
Apakos owner's signature in inscribed bronze strigil. Aiane c. 500 - 475 BC.
Arkaps (Arkapos eria, wools of Arkaps) Aiane c. 450BC
Eugeneia daughter of Xenon Pella c. 400 BC
Kleiona Aiane c. 500 - 450 BC
Machatas owner's inscription, incised after firing. Attic kylix sherd. Eordaea early 5th century BC
Peperias Aigai early 5th century BC
Pythagore of Aristokrates, Aristobole Pella stoichedon c. 500 - 450
Theotimos son of Parmenon Dion - late 5th century BC
Xanthos son of Amadika and Demetrios Pella c. 400 BC
Xenariste of Boulagoras. Pella western necropolis c. 400 BC
Zôbia Pella epitaph c. 400 BC
400 - 300 BC
Andreas son of Andrôn from Osbe. Beroia epitaph c. 400–350 BC
Berenika Lete c. 350 BC priestess of Demetra, ritually associated with Stratto, Melis and Lysidika
Berennô of Philistos Aigai c. 350 BC
Bila of Brateadas Aigai c. 350 - 300 BC
Dexios from Heraclea (Pieria). Pella c. 400 - 350 BC
Eurydika daughter of Sirras. Aigai c. 350-300 BC
Harpalos son of Peucolaos c. 350 BC Aigai
Phylomaga c. 350-300 BC Methoni, Pieria c. 350 - 300 BC
Paton son of Laandros Aigai c. 350-325 BC
Sabattaras hapax, father of proxenos Machatas
Sillis Aigai c. 350 BC
Zeidymarchis Pella — 4th/3rd century BC
300-200 BC
Antigonus (son of Callas) hetairos from Amphipolis, commemorates his victory in hoplite racing at Heraclean games after the Conquest of Tyrus.
Ado termed as Makesta, Maketia (Macedonian woman) pilgrim in Delos 302,296 BC
Attylos son of Menandros Beroia 4th/3rd century BC
Chartas son of Nikanor, hunter Beroia 248 BC
Erginus (son of Simylus) from Cassandreia citharede winner in Soteria (festival) c. 260 BC
_ _ (son of Callistratus) from Philippi Dancer winner in Soteria (festival) ~250 BC
Matero Bisaltia — Argilos 3rd/2nd century BC
200-100 BC
Bilos Beroia 2nd century BC
Biloitos Beroia 2nd/1st century BC
Boulomaga Seleucid or Ptolemaic pilgrim in Delos 185 BC
Eulaios father of Lamaga
Lamaga wife
Laommas husband
Olympichos child. Pydna epitaph early 2nd century BC.
Laomaga daughter of Peritos Beroia epitaph c. 150 - 100 BC.
References
Ancient Greece-related lists
epigraphy
epigraphy
Greek inscriptions
Old Macedonian kingdom |
20482490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431st%20Test%20and%20Evaluation%20Squadron | 431st Test and Evaluation Squadron | The 431st Test and Evaluation Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the Tactical Air Command 57th Fighter Wing stationed at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. It was inactivated on 30 June 1992.
History
World War II
Established by Fifth Air Force in Australia in May 1943 specifically to accommodate very long range Lockheed P-38J Lightnings at Amberley Airfield in Queensland, Australia. The 431st was specifically trained to provide long-range escort for bombers during daylight raids on Japanese airfields and strongholds in the Netherlands East Indies and the Bismarck Archipelago. On 14 August 1943, the 431st transferred from Amberley Airfield to Port Moresby. New Guinea.
Engaged in combat operations, providing escort for North American B-25 Mitchell medium bombers that were engaged in strafing attacks on airdromes at Wewak but also destroyed a number of the enemy fighter planes that attacked the formation. Also intercepted and destroyed many Japanese aircraft which were sent against American shipping in Oro Bay on 15 and 17 October 1943. Covered landings in New Guinea, New Britain, and the Schouten Islands. After moving to Biak in July 1944, the squadron flew escort missions and fighter sweeps to the southern Philippines, Celebes, Halmahera, and Borneo.
Moved to the Philippines in October 1944 and attacked enemy airfields and installations, escorting bombers, and engaging in aerial combat during the first stages of the Allied campaign to recover the Philippines, October–December 1944. The squadron flew many missions to support ground forces on Luzon during the first part of 1945. Also flew escort missions to Southeast China and attacked railways on Formosa. Began moving to Ie Shima near Okinawa in August 1945 but the war ended before the movement was completed.
After active combat ended, on 22 September 1945, the squadron moved to Seoul Airfield, Korea for occupation duty as part of the 308th Bomb Wing, assigned to the 315th Air Division of Far East Air Forces. The unit moved to Kimpo Airfield, on 7 January 1946 where it converted to the very long-range P-51H Mustang. The squadron was reassigned to Nagoya Airfield, Japan in March 1947 and later moved to Itazuke Airfield, Japan in August 1948. It became a subordinate unit of 475th Fighter Wing on 10 August.
The squadron was inactivated on 1 April 1949 at Ashiya Airfield, Japan.
Cold War
Reactivated as part of Air Defense Command (ADC) in November 1952, replacing the federalized 172d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron of the Michigan Air National Guard. Stationed at Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan with mission of air defense of the Detroit/Akron area and Great Lakes initially flying the North American F-86F Sabres reassigned from the 63d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at Oscoda Air Forcee Base, Michigan.
Relieved from duty with ADC and reassigned to United States Air Forces Europe under Seventeenth Air Force. Flying from Wheelus Air Base, Libya to provide air defense over the large North African base and expansive training ranges. Replaced its Korean War vintage F-86F's with new F-86D Sabre interceptors in January 1955. Moved to Zaragoza Air Base, Spain in September 1958 where new Convair F-102A Delta Dagger interceptors replaced the F-86D's. The unit was reassigned to the Strategic Air Command Sixteenth Air Force. Inactivated in 1964 with withdrawal of B-47 Stratojet from inventory and SAC turning jurisdiction of its Spanish refueling bases to USAFE.
Was reassigned to Tactical Air Command, being stationed at George AFB, California, assigned to 8th Tactical Fighter Wing. Equipped with F-4C Phantom II tactical fighter-bomber, engaged in training, participated in numerous exercises, operational readiness inspections, deployments. Re-equipped with new F-4D Phantom II in 1965 and reassigned to 479th Tactical Training Wing at George AFB. The F-4D was an improved version of the F-4C, which the 8th TFW had been deployed with to Southeast Asia.
In February 1966, the squadron began McDonnell F-4D Phantom II replacement pilot training for personnel to be deployed to Southeast Asia. Along with the USAF fighter pilot training, the squadron began training foreign personnel in F-4 operations and maintenance in March 1969. Pilots were trained from Israel, Iran, Japan, and West Germany. Inactivated on 30 October 1970 due to budget reductions.
Reactivated at George Air Force Base in 1975 as part of the 35th Tactical Fighter Wing. Engaged in F-4E "Wild Weasel" training as a tactical fighter training squadron against Republic F-105G Thunderchiefs. Inactivated due to budget cuts in 1978.
Fighter Weapons Squadron
Reactivated at McClellan Air Force Base, California in 1980 as a General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark evaluation squadron, assuming mission of Detachment 3, 57th Fighter Weapons Wing, being a geographically separated unit of the 57th Fighter Weapons Wing. McClellan was the Air Force Logistics Command prime support depot for the F-111 and changes and modifications could be made there and tested by the detachment.
The 431st's mission was to test and evaluate Time Compliance Technical Order modifications to the F-111A/D/E and F models prior to those changes being released to operational F-111 tactical wings in the United States and Europe. In addition was tasked with exploiting foreign technologies, and developing leading-edge tactics to improve the future combat capability of aerospace forces.
Squadron remained active until June 1992 when the F-111 was retired at the end of the Cold War.
Lineage
Activated on 14 May 1943 by special authority prior to constitution as 431st Fighter Squadron on 15 May 1943.
Inactivated on 1 April 1949.
Redesignated 431st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron on 11 September 1952.
Activated on November 1952.
Inactivated on 18 May 1964
Reactivated and redesignated as 431st Tactical Fighter Squadron, 25 July 1964
Inactivated on 30 October 1970
Reactivated and redesignated as 431st Tactical Fighter Training Squadron, 15 January 1976
Inactivated on 1 October 1978.
Reactivated and redesignated as 431st Fighter Weapons Squadron, 1 October 1980
Redesignated: 431st Test and Evaluation Squadron on 30 December 1981
Inactivated on 30 June 1992
Assignments
475th Fighter Group, 14 May 1943 – 1 April 1949
Attached to 347th Fighter Group, 15 November 1947 – 28 August 1948
4708th Defense Wing, 1 November 1952
575th Air Defense Group, 16 February 1953
Seventeenth Air Force, 10 July 1953
1603d Air Transport (later 7272d Air Base) Wing, 20 July 1953
7272d Operations Group, 1 March 1958
65th Air Division, 1 September 1958
United States Air Forces in Europe
Attached to 86th Air Division, 1 July 1960 – 18 May 1964
8th Tactical Fighter Wing, 25 July 1964 – 6 December 1965
Detached to 479th Tactical Fighter Wing, 6 December 1965 – 14 June 1968
479th Tactical Fighter Wing, 15 June 1968 – 30 October 1970
35th Tactical Fighter Wing, 15 January 1976 – 1 October 1978
57th Fighter Weapons Wing, 1 October 1980 – 30 June 1992
Stations
Charters Towers, Australia, 14 May 1943
RAAF Base Amberley Field, Australia, c. 1 July 1943
Dobodura Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 14 August 1943
Operated from Port Moresby Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 8 August – 3 October 1943
Nadzab Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 26 March 1944
Hollandia Airfield Complex, New Guinea, 15 May 1944
Mokmer Airfield, Biak, Netherlands East Indies, 15 July 1944
Dulag Airfield, Leyte, Philippines, 9 November 1944
Detachment operated from San Jose, Mindoro, Philippines, 5 February – c. 4 March 1945
Clark Field, Luzon, Philippines, 28 February 1945
Lingayen Airfield, Luzon, Philippines, 19 April 1945
Ie Shima Airfield, 8 August 1945
Kimpo Air Base, Korea, 5 October 1945
Tachikawa Air Base, Japan, c. 20 February 1947
Itazuke Air Base, Japan, 15 November 1947
Ashiya Air Base, Japan, 25 March – 1 April 1949
Selfridge Air Force Base, Michigan, 1 November 1952 – 23 June 1953
Wheelus Air Base, Libya, 20 July 1953 – 3 September 1958
Zaragoza Air Base, Spain, 3 September 1958 – 18 May 1964
George Air Force Base, California, 18 May 1964 – 30 October 1970; 15 January 1976 – 1 October 1978
Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, 1 October 1980 – 30 June 1992
Operated from McClellan AFB, California. In the early 1990s from Cannon AFB, NM
Aircraft
P-38 Lightning, 1943–1946
P-51 Mustang, 1946–1949; F-51, 1952–1953
F-86D Sabre Interceptor, 1953–1960
F-102 Delta Dagger, 1960–1964
F-4 Phantom II, 1964–1970; 1976–1978
F-111 Aardvark, Various, 1980–1992
References
*
431 |
23579484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeshi%20Mori%20%28commander%29 | Takeshi Mori (commander) | was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army. He commanded the First Imperial Guards Division at the very end of World War II, and was killed by Major Kenji Hatanaka during the Kyūjō Incident.
Biography
A native of Kōchi Prefecture, Mori graduated from the 28th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1916, specializing in cavalry. After serving in a number of administrative roles within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff he returned to the Army Staff College, graduating from the 39th class in 1927. He subsequently served as commander of the 13th Cavalry Regiment before returning to desk duty within the General Staff.
Mori taught at the Army Staff College from 1935 to 1937 and from 1938 to 1941. He was promoted to major general in 1941. With the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War in July 1937, Mori was assigned as a staff officer to the Japanese First Army in China from 1937 to 1938. He returned to the Asian mainland in 1941 as Vice Chief of Staff of the 6th Army in Manchukuo, and was promoted to Chief of Staff in 1942. From 1943 to 1944 he served as Deputy Commander of the Kempeitai, and from 1944 to 1945 as Chief of Staff of the 19th Army.
Mori was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in 1945, and on 7 April, Mori became commander of the 1st Imperial Guards Division, the prestigious division assigned direct responsibility for protection of the Imperial Family of Japan.
After Japan's decision to surrender, during a meeting with his brother-in-law, Lieutenant Colonel Michinori Shiraishi, Mori received a visit just after midnight on 15 August 1945 from Major Kenji Hatanaka, Lieutenant Colonels Masataka Ida and Jiro Shiizaki, and Captain Shigetaro Uehara, who attempted to secure his aid in their plot to isolate the Imperial Palace and to prevent the announcement of Japan's surrender. At around 1:30, Ida and Shiizaki left the room, and after repeated refusals on Mori's part, Hatanaka shot and killed Mori while Uehara killed Shiraishi with a sword. His seal was then placed on a false set of orders.
See also
Colonel Kazuo Mizutani—Mori's Chief of Staff
References
Bibliography
External links
1894 births
1945 deaths
People from Kōchi Prefecture
Japanese generals
Kyūjō incident
Imperial Japanese Army personnel of World War II
Japanese murder victims
People murdered in Japan
Deaths by firearm in Japan
Japanese military personnel killed in World War II |
6909149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badin%20Hall%20%28University%20of%20Notre%20Dame%29 | Badin Hall (University of Notre Dame) | Badin Hall is one of the 32 Residence Halls on the campus of the University of Notre Dame and one of the 14 female dorms. The smallest residence hall on campus, it is located on South Quad, between Howard Hall and the Coleman-Morse center. It was built in 1897 and hosted the Manual Labor School until 1917 before being converted into a men's dorm. During World War II, it was part of the United States Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School, and in 1972 it became one of the first two residence halls at Notre Dame to host women.
Badin Hall is listed as an historic structure in the University of Notre Dame: Main and South Quadrangles National Register of Historic Places listing. When it was built in 1897, it was the first Catholic trade school in the United States. It is an example of Second Empire architecture. It was named after Fr. Stephen Badin, the first priest ordained in the US and provider of the land where the original Log Cabin was built. Notable alumni include Father Theodore Hesburgh and multiple Heisman Trophy winners. Today, it hosts 121 female undergrads, who are known as the Badin Bullfrogs.
History
Construction and years as Manual Labor School
Before the Main Building at the University burned down in the great fire of 1879, it hosted a Manual Labor School (founded in 1843), that was then moved after the fire to a location near currently Walsh Hall. It was the first Catholic trade school in the United States. The Manual Labor School had obtained its charter in 1844, and was under the direction of the Brother of Holy Cross. A few years later, the Manual Labor School was moved on wheels to the present location of Badin Hall. The temporary structure was substituted with brick structure (the one still standing) and renamed St. Joseph Hall, in honor of St. Joseph the Worker, and hosted the St. Joseph's Industrial School' and was opened in November 1897. It was intended to open before the start of the school year, but it did not happen because of a delay in construction. The first floor contained private rooms, a reading room, and a refectory while the second floor contained classrooms, a study hall, and rooms for prefects. A wide staircase led to the third floor, that was used entirely as dormitory. The first director of the new St. Joseph Hall was Rev. Gallagher, who arranged improvements to the rooms and set up a chapel where Mass was said. He provided newspapers and magazines for the boy's free moments. Once enrolled, young men ages 12 to 16 trained to be blacksmiths, bricklayers, carpenters, farmers, and tailors. The goods produced were used by University personnel, and some were sold in South Bend shops.
University dormitory
Due to the conversion from a profitable institution to non-profit with an academic focus, the Manual Labor School was abolished and St. Joseph Hall was converted to a men's university dormitory in 1917. It underwent major expansion, including two wings that were added at the cost of $20,000, and it was renamed Badin Hall, in honor of Rev. Stephen Badin. Stephen Badin was the first priest ordained in the United States, and was the previous owner of the land on which the University was built. It was opened to seventy freshmen, with the plan of building future wings to host more. A modernized cafeteria was placed in one of the wings of the building. It was the first restaurant on the campus of Notre Dame, breaking a 75 year long tradition of all student eating in the school refectory.
The first rector of Badin Hall was Rev. Fr. Francis McGarry, followed by Florian Flynn. Badin Hall is shaped like an H, is three stories high, and it built of yellow brick and has steep roofs over classical architectural elements, although it has also some elements on the neo-gothic style that prevails in the rest of South Quad. From the very beginning, the men of Badin Hall organized in interhall sports, a trademark activity of Notre Dame students. In the late 1920s, its basement hosted engineering classes before Cushing Hall was built. In 1923, Hugh O'Donnell became rector. In 1931, the university bookstore, previously located in Main Building, was relocated to the south half of the lower floor of Badin Hall, a space that had undergone a variety of uses; first it was a refectory, then a classroom, and then a recreation room for the members of the Congregation of Holy Cross.
The Navy period
In 1942, Badin Hall hosted officers, recruits and midshipmen that came to campus to train as part of the United States Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School. At its beginning in April 1942, the school hosted a 30-indoctrination program for new officers, but it became a full-fledged Midshipmen School in October 1942, and hosted ten four-month courses and more than 10,000 officers. This provided the Navy with space and resources for training, while it helped the University recover from the loss in income and enrollment due to World War II. The midshipman school ended in November 1945, and Badin was returned to civilian student use. When veterans returned to campus after the war, the vast majority were accommodated in Badin. In the late 1940s, when Hesburgh served as a prefect on the third floor, the hall was decrepit. Students would sneak out of Badin Hall at night by stealthy using the fire-escape ladder.
Later years
In 1947, the Hall celebrated its 50th anniversary, with a ceremony featuring the university president. In 1972, Badin become one of the first two residence halls (the other being Walsh Hall) to be converted as a women's dormitory following the acceptance of women into the university. Renovations for the transition to a woman's dorm included increased storage facilities and more washing and drying equipment. The first rector of Badin as a women's hall was Kathleen Ceranksi. Badin celebrated its centenary in 1997, with events including a speech about his time in the Hall by former resident Fr. Edward Malloy. In 1998 the mascot changed from Badin Attitude to the Badin Bullfrogs. Badin became the first residence hall in Notre Dame history to win overall Hall of the Year in consecutive years, winning the prestigious award consecutively in 2010, 2011, and 2012. In 2011, Badin's first floor was renovated to house students for the first time in the hall's history. Badin was extensively renovated in the 2017-2018 year, with air-conditioned lounges and kitchens on every floor, and a larger gym. Renovations included a new chapel, since the original industrial building did not include an apt space; the money was donated by Peter and Nancy Baranay. The chapel features stained glass windows from the early 20th century, donated by alumni Charles Hayes and Jon Rittenand originally designed by Franz Xaver Zettler in Munich, Germany, and restored from an old Chicago convent. The renovated chapel was built in Notre Dame brick, as the main building itself was, that was rescued from the demolition of Brownson and Corby Halls. The residents of Badin Hall moved to Pangborn Hall for the year.
Description
Badin hall is built in Second Empire Architecture. The hall is H shaped, with the central portion with a slated roof while the two lateral wings have a mansard roof atop of classical cornices. It is built in yellow brick, three story high, and features a large porch and a balcony on the eastern side. The first floor is entirely dedicated to social spaces (including the new chapel), while the upper floors house the student rooms. Badin is mostly composed of single rooms, and is the smallest of the women's dorms.
Traditions
Notre Dame has an undergraduate hall system based on the residential college system. Each hall has its own traditions, mascot, colors, sport teams, events, dances and reputation. The Coat of arms of Badin Hall features a frog, is the symbol of Badin, while the plier represent the Manual School of St Joseph, which occupied Badin Hall, and the palm leaf represents St. Stephen, the patron saint of Stephen Badin and tho whom the chapel is dedicated. Badin Hall residents generally make up a very tight-knit community due to the small number of residents. Annual events have included the Badin Breakdown, a large scale karaoke event on South Quad, and the Polar Bear Plunge. Throughout the 2000s, Badin was well known as the most frequent champions of Fisher Hall’s annual event, the Fisher Regatta.
During the annual hall photo, senior students stand on the balcony (referred to as the Badin Terrace ), with younger students standing in front of the hall below. Graduates participate in the traditional “Porch Picture” in their cap and gowns, which they often recreate when returning to campus in future years for reunions. Badin Hall supports the Hope for Nepal charity, which is an initiative that serves Nepal in several ways, including the operation of an orphanage for children who would otherwise be forced to live on the streets. Other events put on by the hall include "A Conscious Christmas" in the winter and the "Polar Bear Plunge" each February in order to raise money for their South Bend charity partner: St. Margaret's House. During the 1960s, a fictional ghost named Harry Hunter was said to inhabit the first floor of the building.
Gallery
Notable residents
Angelo Bertelli
Joseph Lyons
Father Theodore Hesburgh
James Burns
Edward Malloy
Alan Page
John Zahm
Gabby Gabreski
Lauren McLean '97
Lee Kiefer
References
External links
Official site
Campus tour
Housing
Residential life
Sources
Kelly Hanratty, Badin Hall 1897–1997, Ave Maria Press, 1997
Badin Hall Profile
Hope, Arthur J., 1896–1971. (1978, 1948). Notre Dame, one hundred years (Rev. ed ed.). South Bend, Ind.: Icarus Press. . OCLC 4494082.
Blantz, Thomas E.,. The University of Notre Dame : a history. [Notre Dame, Indiana]. . OCLC 1182853710.
University of Notre Dame residence halls
1897 establishments in Indiana
University and college buildings completed in 1897
National Register of Historic Places in St. Joseph County, Indiana
Historic district contributing properties in Indiana
University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Second Empire architecture in Indiana |
20482498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Background%20%281973%20film%29 | Background (1973 film) | Background is a 1973 American self-portrait short documentary film directed by Carmen D'Avino. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short. The film was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2012.
See also
List of American films of 1973
References
External links
1973 films
1973 documentary films
1973 short films
1970s English-language films
1970s short documentary films
American short documentary films |
20482502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella | Aegopinella | Aegopinella is a genus of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Species
Species in the genus Aegopinella include:
Aegopinella cisalpina A. Riedel, 1983
† Aegopinella denudata (Reuss in Reuss & Meyer, 1849)
† Aegopinella depressula Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2018
Aegopinella epipedostoma (Fagot, 1879)
† Aegopinella erecta (Gottschick, 1920)
Aegopinella forcarti A. Riedel, 1983
Aegopinella graziadei (Boeckel, 1940)
† Aegopinella lozeki Schlickum, 1975
† Aegopinella lozekiana Stworzewicz, 1976
Aegopinella minor (Stabile, 1864)
Aegopinella nitens (Michaud, 1831)
Aegopinella nitidula (Draparnaud, 1805)
† Aegopinella procellaria (Jooss, 1918)
Aegopinella pura (Alder, 1830)
Aegopinella ressmanni (Westerlund, 1883)
† Aegopinella reussi (M. Hörnes, 1856)
† Aegopinella reyi Schlickum, 1975
† Aegopinella subnitens (Klein, 1853)
† Aegopinella vetusta (Klika, 1891)
References
Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017
Gastrodontidae
Gastropod genera |
20482510 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malefiz | Malefiz | Malefiz (also known as Barricade) is a strategy board game, invented by Werner Schöppner and published by Ravensburger since 1960. It is a non-circular descendant of the ancient Indian board game Pachisi.
Etymology
The name of the game borrows the obsolete German word Malefiz, meaning "misdeed" or "bad action". The word was derived from the Latin word maleficus, meaning "mischievous" or "profane".
Setup
Malefiz requires the following items:
1 gameboard
20 pawns (5 in each of 4 player colours)
11 barricade pieces
1 die
At the outset, each player's pawns are placed in their respective five-space houses, typically located along the bottom of the board. Barricade pieces are placed in each of eleven specially marked spaces on the board.
Gameplay
First play may be determined by a die-roll or another manner of the players' choosing.
At the beginning of each turn, the active player rolls the die. That player selects one of her five pawns and moves it a number of steps equal to the number shown on the die. That pawn may begin traveling in any direction and may turn to continue through corners in the path, but it may not double-back along its course, and it may not forgo any steps. The spaces within the players' houses are not counted against the die-roll; the first space counted by any pawn is the space immediately above the house.
During the course of a move, a pawn may pass other pawns (regardless of colour) with no effect. In the event that a pawn finishes its move by landing on a space occupied by another pawn, the pawn occupying that space is captured. Captured pawns are returned to their respective houses and become available to rejoin play upon their owner's next turn.
Unlike pawns, barricade pieces may not be passed. In order for play to progress past a barricade, the barricade must be captured by a pawn. A player who captures a barricade must relocate the barrier to an unoccupied space on the board. Barricades may not be placed in the four houses or in any of the 17 spaces in the bottom-most row.
A pawn may not be moved if doing so would cause it either to pass a barricade or to overshoot the uppermost space on the board.
After the move is complete, play passes to the next player.
A player may forgo her move if and only if none of her pawns may be moved.
Win condition
The first player to land a pawn in the uppermost space is the winner.
References
Further reading
External links
Board games introduced in 1960
Abstract strategy games
Race games
Ravensburger games |
6909183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penelope%20Houston%20%28film%20critic%29 | Penelope Houston (film critic) | Penelope Houston (9 September 1927 – 26 October 2015) was an English film critic and journal editor. She edited Sight & Sound for almost 35 years.
Born in Kensington, London, she was the daughter of Duncan McNeill Houston and his wife Eilean (née Marlowe). Her father was a rubber broker, while her maternal grandfather was Thomas Marlowe, an early editor of the Daily Mail. She attended Wimbledon High School, before winning a scholarship to Roedean School, near Brighton; the school was evacuated to the Lake District during the war.
In 1947 she was the first editor of the short-lived film journal Sequence founded by Lindsay Anderson, Karel Reisz and Gavin Lambert at Oxford University, where she read modern history at Somerville College, and graduated from Oxford with a double first in 1949. For a year, she worked in Whitehall on research into the history of the second world war.
In 1950, she joined Sight & Sound, the journal of the British Film Institute, as Lambert's assistant. During this early period, she was involved around 1952 with initiating the feature for which the magazine remains best known, the critics' decade poll for the 10 best films ever made. Houston did not create the feature, which she described in September 1962 as an "impossible but intriguing game", but she was responsible for its high profile.
Houston became the editor of Sight & Sound, then a quarterly journal, in 1956 after Lambert departed for a career as a Hollywood screenwriter. She remained in the post until 1990. At the same time, she was a regular contributor to the Monthly Film Bulletin for many years until the mid-1970s. (The two magazines merged shortly after Houston retired). In the late 1960s and early 1970s she oversaw publication of the BFI's "Cinema One" book series. She also had a period as a film critic for The Spectator, deputised for The Times critic and for The Observer as C. A. Lejeune's deputy in 1957. She also wrote for The Observer and, occasionally, for The Guardian.
Houston was the author of several books on cinema, including The Contemporary Cinema (1963) and Keepers of the Frame: Film Archives (1994). She also wrote a short book on a film directed by Alberto Cavalcanti, Went the Day Well? (1942).
Houston was an amateur player of golf and a follower of horse racing, on which she gambled. She commented in 2001: "I wouldn’t go into film criticism now if you offered me the top job on a plate. It is so boring. Who wants to spend their days looking at special effects movies from Hollywood made for 15-year-olds?"
Her younger brother, Tom, survived her.
References
External links
In memoriam Penelope Houston: Sight & Sound's collection of material related to its former editor
1927 births
2015 deaths
Alumni of Somerville College, Oxford
English film critics
English journalists
English magazine editors
The Spectator people
Women film critics
Women magazine editors |
6909200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MECD%20%28album%29 | MECD (album) | MECD is the second album by Norwegian pop / experimental singer-songwriter Kaada. It was released in 2004, and it is the first album by Kaada that was not released under the Ipecac label, the second being Junkyard Nostalgias. It was released by Warner Music Group instead.
Track listing
Notes
"That's Life O-Oh", "Convictions" and "Dammit, Planet Earth" were originally composed for the Swedish film Tur och Retur (Swedish for "Round Trip").
External links
Official website
Kaada albums
2004 albums |
20482515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drift%20Tengoku | Drift Tengoku | is a monthly automobile magazine dedicated to drifting and was the first of its kind. Published by San-Ei Shobo Publishing in both print and video format, it is the sister publication to Option, Option2 and Video Option. Until 2007, when rival magazine D to D was published, it was the only magazine dedicated to the art of driving sideways.
History
Drift Tengoku was launched in April 1996 as part of Option2. At that time, printed quarterly, it mainly published drifting related articles such as tuning as well as covering drifting contests, it also covered illegal gatherings that took place on public road, especially at the touge. These features usually led to police visits to the magazine's office.
The magazine featured many of the now notable drifting drivers such as Ken Nomura and Nobuteru Taniguchi. At the following year, the magazine went bimonthly and the year following that, it went monthly. It was not until February 1999 that the magazine was published as a standalone magazine. The magazine celebrated its 100th issue on September 2007. The video version is different from the print as it solely covers drifting events run by the magazine.
References
External links
Official website
1996 establishments in Japan
Auto racing magazines
Bi-monthly magazines
Automobile magazines published in Japan
Monthly magazines published in Japan
Magazines established in 1996
Quarterly magazines |
20482519 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothia%20Towers | Gothia Towers | The Gothia Towers, in Gothenburg, Sweden, is the largest hotel in the Nordic countries. Part of the Swedish Exhibition and Congress Centre, it has 1,200 rooms and eleven suites and offers a variety of restaurants and bars.
Construction
The first tower was built in 1984, and the second in 2001. The third tower was built between 2011 and 2014. The third tower is the tallest building () in Gothenburg and the sixth tallest building in Sweden.
Facilities
In 2014, the Upper House was inaugurated in the second tower, a five-star hotel within the hotel. The Upper House has an awarded restaurant and an exclusive 3-floor spa with an outdoor glass bottom pool on the 19th floor. Also inaugurated in 2014, was the show arena the Theatre.
Heaven 23
Heaven 23 is a bar and restaurant located on the 23rd floor. It was opened in connection with the second tower. The restaurant and bar have a total of 178 restaurant and bar seats.
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Gothenburg
Hotels in Sweden
1984 establishments in Sweden
Hotels established in 1984
Hotel buildings completed in 1984
Hotel buildings completed in 2001
Hotel buildings completed in 2014
Skyscrapers in Sweden
Skyscraper hotels |
6909227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMD%20GP49 | EMD GP49 | An EMD GP49 is a 4-axle diesel locomotive built by General Motors Electro-Motive Division. Power was provided by an EMD 645F3B 12-cylinder engine which generated . The GP49 was marketed as one of four models in the 50 series introduced in 1979. The 50 series includes GP/SD49 and GP/SD50. Both the GP and SD50 was relatively popular with a total of 278 GP50s and 427 SD50s built. The SD49 was advertised but never built and a total of 9 GP49s were built.
Alaska Railroad is the only company that ordered it in two orders; the first was ARR 2801-2804 under order number 837049-1-4, built in September 1983 and the second was ARR 2805-2809 under order number 847035-1-5, built in May 1985. Six GP39Xs were built in November 1980 for the Southern Railway under order Number 786284-1-6 and upgraded to GP49s shortly thereafter.
Performance
While possessing a fairly high power rating (total of ), the traction horsepower was rated at while was used to run the onboard appliances. The GP49 is known for its slow acceleration, this was due to the radar unit that is mounted under the front pilot to monitor the actual ground speed when the engine is moving to prevent wheel slip. This system is known as EMD's Super Series wheel slip control that was introduced on the GP40X. It tells the engine's computer to slow the speed of the motors to prevent wheel slip. The GP49 is equipped with a 12-645F3B engine with an AR15 alternator rated at 4680 amperes and has four D87 traction motors. Externally the GP49 looks like a GP50 but has two 48" fans above the radiator instead of three as on the GP50, and the engine-room has eight access doors on each side under the Dynamic Brake blister for engine and turbocharger maintenance, while the GP50 has ten.
Use
In December 2006, the Alaska Railroad auctioned five units (numbers 2801, 2803, 2804, 2806, and 2807) plus parts; Helm Leasing was the winning bidder with a bid of $1.3 million. The Alaska Railroad's four remaining units (2802, 2805, 2808, and 2809) are still in service as of March, 2007. As of July 2014, units 2803, 2806, and 2807 had been acquired by Frontier Rail and assigned to the new Cincinnati East Terminal Railway in Southwestern Ohio.
The units 2805 and 2808 are now part of the fleet of one of the biggest Chilean freight operators, Ferronor S.A (Empresa de Transporte Ferroviario S.A) and were modified into 6-axle units. They are based out of the Llanos de Soto Workshops of Ferronor S.A, where they operate in Ferronor Vallenar iron ore trains from Los Colorados Mine to the Guacolda Port in Huasco, Chile. Both work with slugs rebuilt from General Electric U9C engines. 2801 and 2802 are now part of the locomotive fleet of TRANSAP, a Chilean railway. They were refitted with A1A bogies, to reduce weight.
Columbia Rail has four: Columbia-Walla Walla Railway operates three GP49s (2806,2807,2809) on the former Blue Mountain Railroad lines in and around Walla Walla,WA as of January 2021 and Rainier Rail has one (2802) on ex-MILW lines in Western Washington.
Tri-Rail in Florida has since bought Norfolk Southern's six GP49 variants (ex-GP39X units) for use on commuter trains in Florida. The locomotives have since been rebuilt with HEP, and have been de-rated to from . They were also given the designation GP49H-3.
References
Combs, John. GP-49 Specifications, locomotives 2801-2804 and locomotives 2805-2809, John's Alaska Railroad Web Page. September 24, 1998, retrieved September 8, 2006.
Foster, Gerald. (1996). A Field Guide to Trains. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY.
Sanders, Dale (1998) "EMD GP49; Diesel Data Series-Number 8" Hundman Publishing Company, Mukilteo, WA
External links
http://www.trainweb.org/emdloco/gp40-2.htm
http://crcyc.railfan.net/locos/emd/gp402/gp402proto.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20070222021331/http://trainiax.net/mescalelocophase.htm
Sarberenyi, Robert. EMD GP39X, GP49, and GP50 Original Owners
GP49
B-B locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Metre gauge diesel locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1979
Diesel-electric locomotives of the United States |
6909230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabado%20Barkada | Sabado Barkada | Sabado Barkada (English: Saturday Troop) was a musical variety show in the Philippines that aired every Saturday before Game KNB? over ABS-CBN TV-4 Bacolod. It also aired in neighboring cities such as Iloilo and the whole of Western Visayas. The show took its inspiration from talent search and discovery program formats, giving the floor to aspiring, talented Ilonggo youngsters who acted as guest hosts and performers. On its noted segment "Matilaw Ka: Reloaded" ("Will you try?: Reloaded"), contestants attempted a certain task, with the winner earning a cash prize and the others taking home consolation prizes. Their music segment, "Top picks of the week", coordinated with MOR 101.5 (My Only Radio For Life! Bacolod) to feature the week's three most requested songs. Local bands also brought live music to the studio every week.
History
The show was created on February 15, 2003 as a replacement for "S na S: Sinadya na, Star pa!"/"Barkadahan sa S na S", which was already crippled following the departure of its main host John Arceo to GMA Iloilo. Only Tonipet Yulo was retained from the previous show while Rene Jun "Totoy Balotoy" Ogapong was promoted to direct it. New talents like Mel Yanson, James Moya and RJ Chua were introduced to the public as the new core group of the show. "Sabado Barkada" also started a practice where the most beautiful and handsome teens of Bacolod were given hosting slots in the show, giving it a "sosyal" feel.
The show went well in its initial telecasts, but Yulo left the show in 2004 after he suffered a stroke that left him half-paralyzed, and Moya left before being replaced by two DJs from MOR 101.5: Rex Luther and James King. The show's ratings suffered after rival show Bongga! of GMA Iloilo gained headway and conquered viewership in the whole of Western Visayas. No way to go but up, "Sabado" decided to go "masa" too by re-introducing "S na S"'s previous segment "Matilaw Ka" (Will You Try?) as their answer to "Bongga!"'s famous gay boxing portion "Pok Gi Pok".
Reformat and comeback
In 2006, "Sabado Barkada" reformatted in response to its declining ratings and the outstanding performance of its competitor. It added new faces to its roster of hosts now led by Mel Yanson and James King, and did away with the usual inclusion of Bacolod teens to co-host after negative feedback from televiewers. To show that viewers had a say on the show's content, it added the slogan "Bida Ka" ("You Lead"), with an alternative rock theme that on the show's OBB.
The show went out from its weekly broadcast from the ABS-CBN studio in Bacolod and held shows in out-of-town locations. Some Kapamilya stars from ABS-CBN Manila joined the cast in those shows. With the public slowly taking notice of the show's renewed vigor following the reformat, the show was able to gain headway in Bacolod ratings and also kept loyal viewers who watched abroad through TFC (The Filipino Channel). In August, the show finally surpassed "Bongga!" in the Iloilo ratings and gained more momentum after the latter show signed off.
Decommission
On October 20, 2007, "Sabado Barkada" signed off as it gave way to "Kapamilya Winner Ka! (now Kapamilya, Mas Winner Ka!)", a multi-regional game show qualifier for ABS-CBN's "Pilipinas, Game Ka Na Ba?" which first premiered the 27th of the same month. Contestants can win P5,000 to P10,000 in the show's bingo format. Its current host is PBB Season Two finalist Nel Rapiz.
Final hosts
Dorothy joy Luarca
James King
RJ Chua
Mel Yanson
Rexylyn Cabaltera
Aerian Julian
Channel Dimayuga
Rex Luther
Angelique Robles
Jaypeesy Dajay
Andrew Gellagani
Former hosts
Tonipet Yulo
James Moya
Kate Sansing
Althea Mauricio
Jason East
Andrea Molina
Raven Ice Mirza
Michelle Duyungan
Melanie Ca-ayon
Ziggy Rubiato
Nixie Garcia
Geej Ascalon
Candy Flores
George Michael Bautista
Xen Antenor
April Gustillo
Nesha Faith Dianala
John Yroll Espuerta
Mark Kenneth Espuerta
Jumaril Buenaventura
Chris Alvin Chiong
Giban Panoy
Rhoel Alisbo
Paul Nathan Delubio
Jessa Ballares
Boy Cuadra
Allan Atienza
Jose Chua III
Yep Yep Yanson
Queenie Ira Mae Delima
Holly Rossel Penaflor
Greg Calidguid Jr
Bianca Margarette Bait-it
See also
Kapamilya, Mas Winner Ka! (2007-2018; ABS-CBN Bacolod)
KSP:Kapamilya Sabado Party (2005-2007; ABS-CBN Davao)
ABS-CBN Regional Network Group
Game Ka Na Ba?
2003 Philippine television series debuts
2007 Philippine television series endings
Philippine variety television shows
ABS-CBN Regional shows |
6909261 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our%20Minnesota | Our Minnesota | "Our Minnesota" was one of two winners of a 1925 contest to find an additional fight song for the University of Minnesota. Despite the popularity of the Minnesota Rouser, the Minnesota Union offered a hundred-dollar prize for the best college music and lyrics. Marion L. Bassett, a University of Minnesota English major, wrote "Our Minnesota" as part of an assignment for a music class. The judging committee could not decide between Bassett's entry and Truman Rickard's "Minnesota! Let's Go!" (later known as "Minnesota Fight") and split the prize between the two. "Our Minnesota" continues to be performed at Minnesota Golden Gopher athletic events.
Lyrics
References
External links
Our Minnesota as performed by the University of Minnesota Marching Band
1925 songs |
23579510 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragini%20%28actress%29 | Ragini (actress) | Ragini (27 March 1937 – 30 December 1976) was an Indian actress and dancer. She was the youngest of the famous Travancore Sisters; Lalitha, Padmini and Ragini. She started her acting career in the mid-1950s along with her sister Padmini and has acted in movies of different Indian languages, including Malayalam, Hindi, Tamil and Telugu. She also starred opposite Shammi Kapoor in film Mujrim (1958). She played the role of Parvati opposite Trilok Kapoor who played Shiva in the 1962 film Shiv Parvati. The era of dance in Hindi cinema is considered to have begun with the entrance of Ragini and other South Indian actresses. Ragini died of breast cancer in 1976. She had acted in many dramas also.
Family
She was married to Madhavan Thampi. The couple had two daughters, Lakshmi and Priya. Actress Sukumari was the trio's maternal first cousin. Malayalam actors Shobana, Ambika Sukumaran, Vineeth and Krishna are her relatives. Her husband left for the US in 1972, but returned after his wife became ill from cancer.
Partial filmography
Malayalam
Prasanna (1950)
Chandrika (1950)
Ponkathir (1953)
Minnunnathellam Ponnalla (1957) as Dancer
Thaskaraveeran (1957 film) (1957) as Shobha
Nairu Pidicha Pulivalu (1958) as Thankam
Krishna Kuchela (1961) as Rukmini
Ummini Thanka (1961) as Anandam
Sabarimala Ayyappan (1961) as Mahishi
Unniyarcha (1961) as Unniyarcha
Puthiya Akasam Puthiya Bhoomi (1962) as Ponnamma
Palattu Koman (1962) as Unniyamma
Veluthambi Dalawa (1962) as Jagadambika
Vidhi Thanna Vilakku (1962) as Bhavani
Kaalpadukal (1962) as Chandalabishuki
Viyarppinte Vila (1962) as Omana
Bharya (1962) as Leela
Nithya Kanyaka (1963) as Latha
Chilamboli (1963) as Chinthamani
Kalayum Kaminiyum (1963) as Usha
Atom Bomb (1964) as Sushamma
Anna (1964) as Anna
School Master (1964) as Sarala
Manavatty (1964) as Susi
Saraswathi (1967) as Saraswathi
Ammayenna Sthree (1970) as Bhanu
Sabarimala Sree Dharmashastha (1970)
Othenente Makan (1970) as Kunji
Thurakkatha Vathil (1970) as Sulekha
Aranazhikaneram (1970) as Deenamma
Achante Bharya (1971) as Thankamma
Ganga Sangamam (1971) as Philomina/Mini
Muthassi (1971) as Mary
Poompatta (1971) as Susheela
Panchavan Kaadu (1971) as Unniyamma
Lanka Dahanam (1971) as Maheswari
Ernakulam Junction (1971) as Malathi
Naadan Premam (1972)
Aromalunni (1972) as Unniyarcha
Lakshyam (1972) as Anna
Thottilla (1972)
Aalinganam (1976) as Vimala
Prem Nazirine Kanmanilla (1983) as Archive footage
Hindi
Tamil
Manthiri Kumari (1950)
Ezhai Padum Padu (1950)
Chandrika (1950)
Vanasundari (1951)
Singari (1951)
Devaki (1951)
Andhaman Kaidhi (1952)
Mappilai (1952)
Ponni(1953)
Marumagal (1953)
Manithan (1953)
Vaira Malai (1954)
Kalyanam Panniyum Brammachari (1954) as Savithri
Thooku Thooki (1954) as Mallika
Koondukkili (1954)
Menaka (1955)
Mangaiyar Thilakam (1955) as Neela
Ellam Inba Mayam (1955) as Bhanu
Gomathiyin Kaadhalan (1955)
Kaveri (1955) as Kurathi
Koteeswaran (1955) as Kamala
Shiv Bhakta (1955) as Chinthamani
Madurai Veeran (1956)
Pennin Perumai (1956)
Verum Pechu Alla (1956)
Baagyavathi (1957) as Suguna
Manamagan Thevai (1957)
Karpukkarasi (1957)
Chakravarthi Thirumagal (1957)
Mangalya Bhagyam (1958)
Nilavukku Niranja Manasu (1958)
Uthama Puthiran (1958) as Rajathi
Ponnu Vilayum Bhoomi (1959)
Nalla Theerpu (1959)
Pandithevan (1959)
Deivame Thunai (1959)
Kalyanikku Kalyanam (1959) as Bharatham Pattammal
Veerapandiya Kattabomman (1959) as Sundaravadivu
Raja Desingu (1960)
Irumanam Kalanthal Thirumanam (1960)
Mannadhi Mannan (1960) as Dancer at festival
Parthiban Kanavu (1960) as Valli
Baghdad Thirudan (1960)
Punar Jenmam (1961) as Pushpa
Sri Valli (1961) as Valli's friend
Senthamarai (1962)
Raani Samyuktha (1962) as Amarawathi
Vikramdhithan (1962)
Kavitha (1962)
Ezhai Pangalan (1963)
Parisu (1963) as Shanthi
Naan Vanangum Dheivam (1963) as Kalaivani
Chitor Rani Padmini (1963)
Aayiram Roobai (1964)
Navagraham (1970) as Akhilandam
Ethirkalam (1970)
Aathi Parasakthi (1971)
Raman Thediya Seethai (1972) as Actress/Dancer of the play
Poove Poochooda Vaa (1985) as Alamelu (Photo only)
Telugu
Bengali
Sinhala
References
External links
Indian film actresses
Actresses from Thiruvananthapuram
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
1937 births
1976 deaths
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Actresses in Kannada cinema
Actresses in Hindi cinema
20th-century Indian actresses
Deaths from cancer in India
Women of the Kingdom of Travancore
People of the Kingdom of Travancore
Actresses in Bengali cinema
Actresses in Telugu cinema
Dancers from Kerala
20th-century Indian dancers |
6909266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalag%20II-D | Stalag II-D | Stalag II-D Stargard (American named, "Camp #86") was a World War II German Army prisoner-of-war camp located near Stargard, Pomerania (now Stargard, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland), about east of Stettin (Szczecin). It housed Polish, American, French, Dutch, Belgian, Serbian, Soviet, Italian and Canadian prisoners of war, and Polish civilians.
Camp history
The camp was established as a temporary camp Dulag L on a military training ground in September 1939 to detain Polish soldiers and civilians taken prisoner during the German September 1939 offensive, which started World War II. For the first few months they lived in the open or in tents during a very cold winter, while they built the wooden and brick huts for the permanent camp. In October 1939 the Dulag L camp was transformed into the Stalag II-D camp. Polish military officers were imprisoned in the camp until December 1939, and Polish civilians until January 1940. Later also other groups of Polish soldiers were held in the camp.
In May and June 1940 American, French, Dutch and Belgian soldiers taken prisoner during the Battle of France arrived. These were followed by Soviet prisoners from Operation Barbarossa in the summer of 1941. In September and October 1943 Italian prisoners arrived after the Italian capitulation. Canadian prisoners from the Dieppe Raid of August 1942 were transferred to Stargard from Stalag VIII-B in January 1944.
Germans introduced racial segregation, and Poles, Africans, Arabs, Jews and Soviet troops were separated from POWs of other nationalities. Germans carried out medical experiments on Moroccans, Tunisians and Senegalese. There were about 4,600 prisoners from these African countries, and there was a high mortality rate among them, although from summer 1940 they were gradually transported to other camps located in southern France. Serbs also faced noticeably more severe treatment. Hundreds of Soviet POWs were deported to concentration camps. Italian POWs were deported to Meppen, to a subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp, in November 1943.
The POWs were often used for forced labour in over 1,500 subcamps located in the region.
Late arrivals were Americans, NCOs from the Battle of the Bulge, who left Stalag XIIA Limburg on January 15, 1945, by rail to arrive on January 19, 1945. The camp was liberated by the Soviet Red Army in mid-April 1945.
Evacuation and repatriation
The first evacuation occurred on 29 January 1945 in blizzard conditions. The count was held up the morning of the march as the MOC (Man of Confidence) was in negotiation with the Kommandant for the safety of the men who were too sick for the march. Many of the sick and infirmed were left behind in the Lazzarett (camp clinic) and were transported by rail or truck at a later date. Almost a thousand men struggled into formation. There were about five-hundred Russians, two-hundred Frenchmen, one-hundred Americans and twenty-five Canadians in the march. Other reports have the number at as many as two-thousand in the column. They were marched twenty-five or thirty kilometers that day. Then were put into a barn, under guard, and slept for the night. Every evening the guards would dump out the meal for the day on the muddy earth. Everyone would scramble for what they could get. In the morning, they were given two slices of bread, counted, and the march began again for twenty-five or thirty kilometers until they reached the next appointed village. Those who fell to the side of the road were rumored to have been shot, but were more likely to have been loaded onto the “dead cart” at the end of the column used to carry the dead, dying, and sick all piled into the cart together and carried to the next stopping point. After two, maybe three days, the column reached Settin. The sick and the dead were left at Settin while the majority of the rest were moved on to Stalag 2A, Neubrandenburg where they arrived on 7 February 1945. The eight-day total distance of the march was 70–90 miles (120-150 Kilometers).
On 25 February 1945 most of the remaining prisoners were forced to march westward in advance of the Soviet offensive and endured great hardships before they were freed by Allied troops in April 1945.
Living conditions
The lower ranks prisoners at this camp fared much better than those in many other camps further south. They worked predominately on farms and had the possibility to obtain better nourishment.
Escape
It was relatively easy to escape from a farm, but much more difficult to evade recapture. Prisoners working on farms did not have the essential assistance that was provided in Oflags by teams of dedicated specialists who forged documents and prepared maps. Without these it was extremely difficult to traverse hundreds of miles past frequent checks by the Nazi police.
Gabriel Regnier, a French prisoner, describes his failed attempt with a French companion on 23 March 1942. A Polish civilian worker at the farm had helped them by hiding civilian clothes for them. It was a dark night and they successfully reached a freight train that was switching cars at the station that was close to the farm. They successfully hid in one box-car full of boxes. But then the train stopped in Stettin for unloading, they switched to another car loaded with sacks of barley destined for Aachen in western Germany, which they reached four days later. There again they got out to search for a car going to the Netherlands. Unfortunately the driver of a vehicle noticed two persons moving hesitantly along the train and alerted the military police. Recaptured they were returned to Stargard and spent 24 days in solitary confinement. It could have ended much worse.
Sources
Account of Canadian soldier
Very detailed memoir of French prisoner
See also
List of prisoner-of-war camps in Germany
Stalag
Gerald MacIntosh Johnston
References
World War II prisoner of war camps in Germany
World War II sites in Poland
1939 establishments in Germany |
23579516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massimo%20Milano | Massimo Milano | Massimo Milano (born Torino, 1967) is an ethnomusicologist, critic and sound experimentalist.
Member of "A.I.STU.GIA" (Italian Association for Japanese Studies, Venice) and of the International Jury of the Down Beat Annual Critics Poll (USA), he has been editor-in-chief of the monthly magazine Finis Terrae, for which he interviewed Zimbabwe's musical icon in exile Thomas Mapfumo. In addition, he regularly contributes to several Italian and Spanish leading newspapers and magazines (Il Manifesto, Classic Rock, Jam, Rumore, Jazzit, Il Giornale della Musica, Carnet, Amadeus, Playboy, Cuadernos de Jazz).
His activity also includes extensive studies, researches and essays on contemporary Brazilian music (Música popular brasileira), its social implications and its leading role in the collective imagination as a paradigm of the so-called "World" sound. He co-authored the "Encyclopedia of Rock", recently re-published by Arcana Editrice, and during the 90's he actively collaborated as a consultant both for Blue Note artists the Doky Brothers and pianist Niels Lan Doky, for whom he wrote the liner notes for the album "Haitek Haiku", produced by Gino Vannelli. In 1998 he published a book of essays and conversations with Japanese composer Ryuichi Sakamoto ("Ryuichi Sakamoto. Conversazioni"), featuring a foreword by Banana Yoshimoto. A year later he contributed with a semiological essay ("Transiti/Transits") to the catalog for the exhibition "Musica Senza Suono" ("Soundless Music"), conceived and realized by producer Francesco Messina and critic Enzo Gentile for the Museo Revoltella in Trieste (Italy).
In 2003/2004 he settled in Tokyo to conduct researches for the Japan Foundation in collaboration with Kyoto University, under the supervision of philosopher Akira Asada, on the theme of the 'reversed exoticism' in modern Japan'.
Since 2015, Milano hosts The Tinseltown Tracks, a weekly radio show aired on Radio Flash 97.6, that has produced tenths of monographic broadcasts and boasts an audience that spans several countries around the world.
His upcoming projects include a short essay about the perception of Western pop culture in the Far East; a book about Alejandro Jodorowsky and his influence on the psychedelic movement, the neo-mysticism and the counterculture of the 1960s; and a self-produced DVD about Japan for which he's currently writing the music and the screenplay.
References
External links
Massimo Milano on MySpace
A monograph on the music of Claus Ogerman
The Official Page of The Tinseltown Tracks radio show hosted by Massimo Milano
1967 births
Living people
Italian ethnomusicologists
Musicians from Turin
Date of birth missing (living people)
Italian music critics
Writers from Turin |
6909269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABSW | ABSW | ABSW may refer to:
ABSW (TV station), the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's TV station in Bunbury, Western Australia
American Baptist Seminary of the West, a theological school
Association of British Science Writers, the UK society for science writers, journalists and communicators
Angry Birds Star Wars, a video game |
23579517 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornea%20plana%202 | Cornea plana 2 | Cornea plana 2 (CNA2) is an extremely rare congenital hereditary deformity of the eye surface, leading to severe decrease in corneal curvature. There is evidence that cornea plana 2 is caused by mutations in KERA gene encoding keratocan.
See also
Cornea plana 1
References
External links
Congenital Clouding of the Cornea - eMedicine; by Noah S Scheinfeld, MD, JD, FAAD and Benjamin D Freilich, MD, FACS
Eye diseases |
23579529 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burt%20Sugarman | Burt Sugarman | Burton Roy Sugarman (born January 4, 1939) is an American film and television producer best known for creating and producing the iconic 1970s/early '80s variety series The Midnight Special, which served as a showcase for popular musical groups of the time.
Sugarman also produced the 1970s game shows Celebrity Sweepstakes, Whew! and The Wizard of Odds, and the short-lived series The Richard Pryor Show. During 1979, Sugarman also owned shares in Old Tucson Corporation, which owned the Old Tucson and Old Vegas amusement parks in Arizona and Nevada.
In the 1980s, he produced the motion pictures Kiss Me Goodbye, Extremities and Children of a Lesser God. He was the executive producer of the film Crimes of the Heart in 1986 and television series The Newlywed Game 1988. He was also part owner of Barris Industries (later known as the Guber-Peters Entertainment Company) before it was sold to Sony in 1989. During the late 1980s, Burt Sugarman was a member of The Giant Group, which they had bought investments in media firms, like broadcasting firm Reeves Entertainment Group, and television broadcaster/cable system operator/newspaper owner Media General in 1987.
Personal life
Sugarman married television personality and talk show host Mary Hart in 1989; they have one son. He had previously been married to Pauline Schur and to the late actress Carol Wayne, and was engaged to actress Ann-Margret in 1962.
Producer (as EP)
Himself
References
External links
1939 births
Living people
20th-century American Jews
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Television producers from California
21st-century American Jews |
26719995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliya%20Mustafina | Aliya Mustafina | Aliya Farkhatovna Mustafina () is one of the most renowned and successful artistic gymnasts of all time. She has a combined total of 45 Olympic, World and European Championship medals.
She is the 2010 all-around world champion, the 2013 European all around champion, the 2012 and 2016 Olympic uneven bars champion and a seven-time Olympic medalist. Mustafina has tied with Svetlana Khorkina for the most won by a Russian gymnast (not including Soviet Union women's national artistic gymnastics team). She was the ninth gymnast to win medals on every event at the World Championship.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, Mustafina won four medals, making her the most decorated gymnast of the competition and the most decorated athlete in any sport except swimming. At the 2016 Summer Olympics, she became the first female gymnast since Simona Amânar in 2000 to win an all-around medal in two consecutive Olympics, and the first since Svetlana Khorkina (also in 2000) to defend her title in an Olympic apparatus final.
In the 21st century Mustafina is most decorated Olympic Women’s artistic gymnast, later Simone Biles repeated her Olympic result.
In February 2021 Mustafina was announced as the head coach of the Russian junior national team.
Early life
Mustafina was born in Yegoryevsk, Russia, on 30 September 1994. Her father, Farhat Mustafin, a Volga Tatar, was a bronze medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling at the 1976 Summer Olympics, and her mother, Yelena Kuznetsova, an ethnic Russian, is a physics teacher.
Junior career
2007
Mustafina's first major international competition was the International Gymnix in Montreal in March 2007. She placed second in the all-around with a score of 58.825. The following month, she competed at the Stella Zakharova Cup in Kyiv and placed second in the all-around with a score of 55.150.
In September 2007, Mustafina competed at the Japan Junior International in Yokohama. She placed second in the all-around with a score of 59.800 and second in all four event finals, scoring 14.750 on vault, 15.250 on uneven bars, 15.450 on balance beam, and 14.100 on floor exercise.
2008
At the 2008 European Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Clermont-Ferrand, France, Mustafina helped the Russian junior team finish in first place and won the silver medal in the individual all-around with a score of 60.300. In event finals, she placed fourth on uneven bars, scoring 14.475, and fourth on floor, scoring 14.375.
In November, she competed in the senior division at the Massilia Cup in Marseille. She placed sixth in the all-around with a score of 57.300; fourth on vault, scoring 13.950; and second on floor, scoring 14.925.
2009
Mustafina competed in the senior division at the Russian national championships in Bryansk in March, and won the all-around with a score of 58.550. She also placed second on uneven bars, scoring 15.300; first on balance beam, scoring 14.950; and third on floor, scoring 14.700. The new Russian head coach, Alexander Alexandrov, lamented the fact that "girls of that age cannot compete at senior international competitions".
She competed twice over the summer, placing second in the all-around (58.250) at the Japan Cup in Tokyo in July and winning the all-around (59.434) in the senior division at the Russian Cup in Penza in August. In December, she won the all-around at the Gymnasiade competition in Doha, Qatar, with a score of 57.350, and went on to place second on vault (13.900), first on uneven bars (14.825), first on balance beam (14.175), and first on floor (14.575).
Senior career
2010
Mustafina was injured during a training session in March and was unable to compete in the Russian national championships.
In April, she competed at an Artistic Gymnastics World Cup event in Paris. She placed fourth on uneven bars after an error, scoring 14.500, and second on balance beam, scoring 14.175. At the end of the month, she competed at the 2010 European Championships in Birmingham, where she contributed an all-around score of 58.175 toward the Russian team's first-place finish and placed second on uneven bars, scoring 15.050; second on balance beam, scoring 14.375; and eighth on floor, scoring 13.225.
At the Russian Cup in Chelyabinsk in August, Mustafina won the all-around competition with a score of 62.271. In event finals, she placed second on vault, scoring 13.963; first on uneven bars, scoring 14.775; third on balance beam, scoring 14.850; and first on floor, scoring 15.300.In October, she competed at the 2010 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Rotterdam and made history by qualifying for the all-around final and all four event finals—the first gymnast to do so since Shannon Miller and Svetlana Khorkina in 1996. She contributed an all-around score of 60.932 toward the Russian team's first-place finish and won the individual all-around with a score of 61.032. In event finals, she placed second on vault, scoring 15.066; second on uneven bars, scoring 15.600; seventh on balance beam, scoring 13.766 after a fall; and second on floor, scoring 14.766. She left Rotterdam with five medals, more than any other artistic gymnast, male or female. Andy Thornton wrote for Universal Sports:
In November, Mustafina competed in the Italian Grand Prix in Cagliari, Sardinia. She placed fourth on uneven bars, scoring 13.570, and first on balance beam, scoring 14.700.
2011
Mustafina competed at the American Cup in Jacksonville, Florida, in March. She finished in a controversial second to American Jordyn Wieber, with an all-around score of 59.831, after leading for three-quarters of the competition but falling on floor exercise, the last event. Later that month, she placed second on vault at a World Cup event in Paris, scoring 14.433; first on uneven bars, scoring 15.833; and first on balance beam, scoring 15.333.
In April, she competed at the 2011 European Championships in Berlin. She qualified to the all-around final in first place, with a score of 59.750, but tore her left anterior cruciate ligament while competing a 2.5 twisting Yurchenko vault in the final. Five days later, she had surgery in Straubing, Germany.
Mustafina's coaches had her resume workouts slowly. Coach Valentina Rodionenko said in May, "Only when we are told that she can proceed with training will we go forward. It's important to save her for the Olympic Games." By July, she was only doing upper body conditioning and rehabilitation on her leg. In August, after the Russian team was announced for the 2011 World Championships, Rodionenko said: "Aliya really wanted to go to Worlds—her heart and soul are literally crying, 'I can do it! I'm ready!' But we do not want to risk costing her the Olympics, and her surgeon in Germany said that she can start real training only in December. She just thinks she's ready now. But she does not really understand what she will face. She must be protected. Sometimes it takes years for people to recover from these injuries, and she hasn't even had five months."
In December, Mustafina returned to competition at the Voronin Cup in Moscow. She placed fourth in the all-around and second on uneven bars with a score of 15.475. Coach Alexander Alexandrov said, "I was pleasantly surprised and happy about her first meet. She didn't do her full routines and full difficulty, but she tried what she was ready for at the time, and for me, it was enough to see. She was nervous, even though her goal was just to compete, to see how she does after eight months off and how well she could handle the pressure and how her knee would feel. I came up to her and said, 'Well, it seems like you're not very nervous at all, and I'm surprised!' And she said, 'Look at my hands, Alexander', and her hands were shaking. 'Maybe I'm not showing that I'm nervous, but inside I have butterflies!'"
2012
Mustafina competed at the Russian national championships in Penza in March at what Alexandrov said was "75 to 80 percent". She won the all-around with a score of 59.533 and uneven bars with a score of 16.220, and finished fifth on balance beam with a score of 13.680. In May, at the 2012 European Championships in Brussels, she contributed scores of 15.166 on vault, 15.833 on uneven bars, and 13.933 on floor toward the Russian team's second-place finish.
At the Russian Cup in Penza in June, she placed second in the all-around, behind Viktoria Komova, with a score of 59.167. In event finals, she placed first on uneven bars, scoring 16.150; second on balance beam, scoring 15.000; and first on floor, scoring 14.750.
London Olympics
At the end of July, Mustafina competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. She helped Russia to qualify to the team final in second place, and qualified to the individual all-around final in fifth place with a score of 59.966. She also qualified fifth for the uneven bars final, scoring 15.700, and eighth for the floor final, scoring 14.433.
In the team final, Mustafina contributed an all-around score of 60.266 toward the Russian team's second-place finish.
In the all-around final, she finished in third place with a score of 59.566. She earned the same score as American Aly Raisman, but after tie-breaking rules were applied, Mustafina was awarded the bronze medal.
Mustafina went on to win the uneven bars final with a score of 16.133, ending Russia's 12-year gold medal drought in Olympic gymnastics.
In the floor final, she placed third with a score of 14.900, earning the bronze medal in a tie-breaker over Italy's Vanessa Ferrari.
On 15 August, Russian President Vladimir Putin awarded Mustafina the Order of Friendship at a special ceremony at the Kremlin in Moscow. She was one of 33 Russian athletes to receive the award.
In December, she competed at the DTB Stuttgart World Cup, where the Russian team finished first.
2013
At the 2013 Russian national championships, Mustafina successfully defended her all-around title with a score of 59.850, earning a 15.450 on beam, 15.500 on bars, 13.600 on floor, and 15.300 on vault. These scores qualified her to the balance beam and uneven bars finals in first place, and to the floor exercise final in third place, but she withdrew from all but the bars final to protect her knee. She received a silver medal with the Moscow Central team and finished third in the uneven bars final, behind Anastasia Grishina (first) and Tatiana Nabieva (second).
Later, Mustafina won the all-around and team titles at the Stella Zakharova Cup. In event finals, she won gold on uneven bars and silver on balance beam after a fall on the latter.
At the 2013 European Championships in Moscow, she fell twice off the balance beam in qualifications and entered the all-around final in fourth place, with a score of 56.057. In the final, she scored 15.033 on vault, 15.133 on uneven bars, 14.400 on balance beam, and 14.466 on floor, winning the all-around title—her first individual European title—with a total of 59.032. The next day, she won the uneven bars final with a score of 15.300. She also qualified to the floor exercise final in third place, but withdrew and gave her spot to Grishina, who had been left out of the final due to the limit of two gymnasts per country.
In July, Mustafina competed at the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan, Russia, alongside teammates Nabieva, Ksenia Afanasyeva, Maria Paseka, and Anna Dementyeva. Before the competition, her participation had been in question after she was hospitalized for flu. In the team competition, which also served as a qualification round for the individual finals, Mustafina contributed scores of 13.750 on floor, 14.950 on vault, 15.000 on uneven bars, and 15.200 on beam toward Russia's first-place finish. She qualified to the all-around final as well as the uneven bars, balance beam, and floor finals. In the all-around final, she won the title with a score of 57.900. Individually, she won gold on bars and silver on beam. In the floor final, she fell on her last tumbling pass and finished 9th.
In October, just after turning 19, Mustafina competed at the 2013 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Antwerp. Prior to the competition, she had been sick for weeks and had been experiencing knee pain. In qualifications, she fell on her first tumbling pass on floor (two whips into a double Arabian) and crashed her second vault (round-off, half-on, full twist off), causing her to miss the finals in both events. However, she still qualified fifth for the all-around final with a score of 57.165, fifth for uneven bars, and eighth for balance beam. In the all-around final, she finished third with a total of 58.856 (14.891 on vault, 15.233 on uneven bars, 14.166 on balance beam, and 14.566 on floor), behind Simone Biles and Kyla Ross of the United States. In the uneven bars final, she scored 15.033 and finished in third place, behind Huang Huidan and Ross. She went on to win her first world beam title with a score of 14.900, ahead of Ross and Biles.
In her last competition of 2013, Mustafina helped her team finish second at the Stuttgart World Cup, competing only on balance beam.
2014
On 3 April, Mustafina successfully defended her Russian national all-around title, scoring 14.733 for a double-twisting Yurchenko vault, 14.333 on uneven bars, 15.400 on balance beam, and 15.100 on floor exercise.
In May, she competed at the 2014 European Championships in Sofia, Bulgaria. Hampered by an ankle injury, she performed on only two events in qualifications: uneven bars and balance beam. She qualified to both finals, with scores of 15.100 and 14.233, respectively. In the team final, she scored 14.700 on vault, 15.166 on bars, and 14.800 on beam, leading an inexperienced Russian team to a third-place finish behind Romania and Great Britain, which took gold and silver, respectively. In event finals, she placed second on the uneven bars with a score of 15.266, and third on balance beam with a score of 14.733.
At the Russian Cup in Penza in August, Mustafina represented Moscow alongside Paseka, Alla Sosnitskaya, and Daria Spiridonova, and they easily won the team title by five points over silver medalist Saint Petersburg. Individually, Mustafina won the all-around with a total score of 59.133. In the event finals, she won beam with a score of 15.567 and floor with a score of 14.700, and placed second on the uneven bars with a score of 15.267. At the end of the meet, she was selected—along with Paseka, Sosnitskaya, Spiridonova, Maria Kharenkova, and Ekaterina Kramarenko—to represent Russia at the 2014 World Championships in Nanning, China.
In the qualifying round at the World Championships, Mustafina scored 14.900 on vault, 15.166 on bars, 14.308 on beam, and 14.500 on floor, for a total of a 58.874. She qualified second to the all-around final, fourth on bars, seventh on beam, and fifth on floor. Russia qualified to the team final in third place, behind the United States and China. In the team final, Mustafina contributed a 15.133 on vault, 15.066 on bars, 14.766 on beam, and 14.033 on floor to Russia's third-place finish. In the all-around final, she finished fourth with a total score of 57.915, performing well on vault and bars but making mistakes on beam and floor. She would later state that a fever was the cause of her poor performance. In the uneven bars final, she finished in sixth place with a score of 15.100. She then won bronze medals in the balance beam and floor exercise finals, scoring 14.166 on beam and 14.733 on floor to beat out Asuka Teramoto of Japan and MyKayla Skinner of the United States. This made her the ninth-most decorated female artistic gymnast at the World Championships, with a total of 11 medals.
At the Stuttgart World Cup in late 2014, Mustafina fell on uneven bars and balance beam and made several errors on floor exercise, causing her to finish fifth. In December, after competing for two seasons without a coach, she began working with Sergei Starkin, who coached world champion Denis Ablyazin.
2015
In order to recover from injuries and stress, Mustafina did not compete at the 2015 Russian Championships or the 2015 European Championships. She returned to competition at the 2015 European Games in Baku in June with Viktoria Komova and Seda Tutkhalyan. They won the team final, and in the individual all-around final, Mustafina again placed first with a score of 58.566. She also received a gold medal on bars (15.400) and silver on floor (14.200, her best score of the competition on that apparatus).
On 18 September, Mustafina announced that she was withdrawing from the World Championships in Glasgow due to back pain.
2016
At the end of March, Mustafina was reportedly hospitalized for back pain. On 6 April, she returned to competition at the Russian Championships in Penza. In the first round, she performed watered-down routines on bars and beam, which scored 15.333 and 14.400 respectively. Next day in the team final, she scored 15.300 on bars and 14.133 on beam, helping her team to a silver. In the event finals, she won bronze on bars and beam, scoring 15.200 and 14.800 respectively.
At the European Championships in Bern in June, she qualified first to the uneven bars and balance beam finals, scoring 15.166 and 14.733, respectively. She also performed a downgraded floor routine, for which she scored 13.533. In the team final, she received a 15.333 on bars, 14.800 on beam, and 13.466 on floor. Russia won the gold with a team total of 175.212, five points ahead of the second-place British team. In the uneven bars final, Mustafina won a bronze medal with a score of 15.100, followed by a gold medal on beam with a 15.100: her fifth European title and 12th medal.
Her next appearance was at the Russian Cup. In qualifying, she placed fifth after failing to perform an acrobatic series on beam and falling twice on the uneven bars. In the all-around final, she placed third, with one fall on bars. This was her first all-around competition since the 2015 European Games, which she won. Despite withdrawing from event finals to work with a physiotherapist in Moscow, she was named to the Olympic team for Russia along with first-year senior and Russian Cup champion Angelina Melnikova, 2015 World Championships team member Tutkhalyan, and 2015 world champions Paseka and Spiridonova.
Rio Olympics
At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Mustafina qualified to the all-around final with a total of 58.098, despite a fall on the balance beam. She also qualified in second place to the uneven bars final with a score of 15.833, and scored 15.166 on vault and 14.066 on floor. Russia qualified to the team final in third place, behind the United States and China.
In the team final on 9 August, Mustafina helped Russia win a silver medal behind the US, with a total team score of 176.688. Mustafina contributed a 15.133 on vault, 15.933 on bars, 14.958 on beam, and 14.000 on floor.
Two days later, Mustafina competed in the individual all-around final and scored 58.665 (15.200 on vault, 15.666 on uneven bars, 13.866 on balance beam, and 13.933 on floor). She placed third behind Americans Simone Biles and Aly Raisman, repeating her bronze-medal performance from the 2012 Olympics. On 14 August, Mustafina competed in the individual uneven bars final. She defended her 2012 title and scored a 15.900, winning the gold medal ahead of American silver medallist Madison Kocian and bronze medallist Sophie Scheder of Germany.
2017
Mustafina returned to training in 2017 after the birth of her daughter, Alisa, with the hope of returning to competition for the 2018 European Championships and eventually the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
2018
Mustafina participated in the Palais des Gym showcase event in February along with former Olympic teammate Angelina Melnikova. On bars, she performed to the song New Rules by Dua Lipa, showing a Pak+Maloney combo, toe on 1/1, and a tucked full-in dismount among other skills. On beam, she performed several leaps as well as an aerial walkover, back handspring, and her signature Onodi.
In April, Mustafina competed for the first time in a year and a half at the Russian National Championships in Kazan, Russia. On the first day of competition, she earned a gold medal with the Moscow team and qualified to the all-around, uneven bars, balance beam, and floor exercise finals. Two days later, after crashing her 1.5 Yurchenko and scoring a 12.433 on vault, 14.966 on bars, 12.533 on beam, and 13.066 on floor, she placed fourth in the all-around behind Angelina Melnikova, first-year senior Angelina Simakova, and Viktoria Komova. She later placed sixth in the bars final, fourth in the beam final, and withdrew from the floor final.
In May, Mustafina was scheduled to compete at the Osijek Challenge Cup but withdrew from the competition because of a minor meniscus injury. In late June, Mustafina was slated to compete at the Russian Cup but withdrew because of the same knee injury.
On September 29, Mustafina was named on the nominative team to compete at the 2018 World Championships in Doha, Qatar alongside Lilia Akhaimova, Irina Alexeeva, Melnikova, and Simakova. On October 17, the Worlds team was officially announced and was unchanged from the nominative team. During qualifications Mustafina was originally only planning to compete on balance beam and uneven bars, but due to an ankle injury for Simakova she also competed on floor exercise. She qualified for the uneven bars final in sixth place and Russia qualified to the team final in second place.
In the team final on 30 October, Mustafina helped Russia win a silver medal behind the US, with a total team score of 162.863. Mustafina contributed a 14.5 on bars (the second highest score of the day on bars), 13.266 on beam, and 13.066 on floor.
2019
In January it was announced that Mustafina would compete at the Stuttgart World Cup in early March. It was the first time she competed in the all-around in international competition since the Rio Olympics. In March, at the Russian National Championships, Mustafina finished third in the all-around behind Angelina Simakova and Angelina Melnikova. At the Stuttgart World Cup Mustafina finished in fifth place after falling off the balance beam. The following week Mustafina competed at the Birmingham World Cup where she finished first despite falling off the balance beam. After a winning in Birmingham, Mustafina was named to the team to compete at the 2019 European Championships, replacing national champion Simakova who had inconsistent performances in Stuttgart earlier in the month. In April it was announced that Mustafina had withdrawn from the European Championships team in order to focus on preparing for the European Games in June.
In May Mustafina was officially named to the team to compete at the European Games alongside Angelina Melnikova and Aleksandra Shchekoldina. In June Mustafina withdrew from the European Games due to a partial ligament tear in her ankle.
In July, Mustafina trained in Tokyo alongside the rest of the Russian national team, including Juniors Vladislava Urazova and Elena Gerasimova, in preparation for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. In August Mustafina withdrew from the Russian Cup, but did not cite her reason for doing so. While in attendance at the Russian Cup, Mustafina announced that she would not be competing at the 2019 World Championships, opting to physically and mentally rest and start the 2020 season with "a brand new energy".
2021
Mustafina officially announced her retirement from the sport on June 8, 2021, at the Russian Cup.
Coaching career
In 2021 Mustafina began working as a coach for the junior national team. In February she was announced as the acting head coach of the junior national team.
Influences
When asked about being compared to Khorkina following her success at the 2010 World Championships, Mustafina said, "I have no idols and never have. Svetlana was, of course, an amazing gymnast."
In response to a question about her gymnastics role models, Mustafina praised Nastia Liukin's "elegant and beautiful performances with difficult elements" and Ksenia Afanasyeva's "strong and beautiful gymnastics".
Personal life
Mustafina began dating Russian bobsledder Alexey Zaitsev in autumn 2015. They met at a hospital where both were recovering from sports injuries. They married on 3 November 2016 in his hometown of Krasnodar.
In January 2017, it was reported that Mustafina was pregnant and that the baby was due in July. Mustafina gave birth to her daughter, Alisa, on 9 June 2017. She was reported to have divorced her husband in April 2018.
Skills
Selected competitive skills
Eponymous skills
Mustafina has two eponymous skills listed in the Code of Points.
Competitive history
International scores
See also
List of multiple Olympic medalists at a single Games
List of Olympic female gymnasts for Russia
List of Olympic medal leaders in women's gymnastics
List of top female medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
References
External links
Aliya Mustafina Profile
1994 births
Living people
People from Yegoryevsk
Russian female artistic gymnasts
Gymnasts at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Gymnasts at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Olympic gymnasts of Russia
Olympic gold medalists for Russia
Olympic silver medalists for Russia
Olympic bronze medalists for Russia
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
World champion gymnasts
Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
Gymnasts at the 2015 European Games
European Games medalists in gymnastics
European Games gold medalists for Russia
European Games silver medalists for Russia
European champions in gymnastics
Originators of elements in artistic gymnastics
Universiade medalists in gymnastics
Tatar people of Russia
Universiade gold medalists for Russia
Universiade silver medalists for Russia
Medalists at the 2013 Summer Universiade
Sportspeople from Moscow Oblast |
6909306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative%20districts%20of%20Caloocan | Legislative districts of Caloocan | The legislative districts of Caloocan are the representations of the highly urbanized city of Caloocan in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first and second congressional districts. In addition, the city has gained new additional legislative district in 2021 by virtue of Republic Act 11545 and shall elect their first representative in the 2022 Philippine general election.
History
It was represented as part of the first district of Rizal from 1907 to 1972, and of Region IV from 1978 to 1984. It elected 2 assemblymen at-large to the Regular Batasang Pambansa from 1984 to 1986, and has been divided into two districts since the restoration of the House of Representatives in 1987.
Of the country’s 238 legislative districts, the 1st Legislative District of Caloocan was the biggest in terms of population size, with 1.19 million persons.
In 2021, the Senate passed on third and final reading House Bill No. 7700, a bill creating the 3rd legislative district in Caloocan City. It divides the first district of into two legislative districts. The first legislative district will be composed of Barangays 1 to 4, Barangays 77 to 85 and Barangays 132 to 177 while Barangays 178 to 188 will be the city’s third legislative district. It was later approved by President Rodrigo Duterte on May 26, 2021 as he signed this law under Republic Act No. 11545.
1st District
Barangays: Barangays 1 to 4, 77 to 85, and 132 to 177
Area: 34.86 km²
Population (2020): 953,125
1987–2022
Barangays: Barangays 1 to 4, 77 to 85, and 132 to 188
Area: 45.44 km²
Population (2015): 1,193,419
2nd District
Barangays: Barangays 5 to 76, and 86 to 131
Area: 8.40 km²
Population (2020): 381,690
3rd District
Barangays: Barangays 178 to 188
Area: 12.54 km²
Population (2020): 327,769
At-Large (defunct)
See also
Legislative districts of Rizal
References
Caloocan
Caloocan
Politics of Caloocan |
23579534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C19H24N2O4 | C19H24N2O4 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C19H24N2O4}}
The molecular formula C19H24N2O4 (molar mass: 344.40 g/mol, exact mass: 344.173607 u) may refer to:
Arformoterol
Formoterol
Tolamolol
Molecular formulas |
6909315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Boxer | Joe Boxer | Joe Boxer (also known as Box-oh-Joes or BJ) is an American brand of underwear and related apparel founded by Nicholas Graham that focuses on novelty hanging underwear.
In April 2001, the Joe Boxer brand, which was facing bankruptcy, was sold to Windsong Allegiance in exchange for the assumption of existing debt. Bill Sweedler, CEO of Windsong, took over as CEO, retaining Nicholas Graham in an advisory role.
Iconix bought Joe Boxer in 2005, making it a wholly owned subsidiary of Iconix Brand Group.
Sources
Joe Boxer
CNN.com report on Joe Boxer
Sears Holdings
Underwear brands |
6909323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota%20March | Minnesota March | Minnesota March is a march for wind band written by John Philip Sousa for the University of Minnesota. The piece was one of four marches written by Sousa expressly for a university. It is now used as one of the university's school songs, with lyrics written in 1927 by university band director Michael Jalma. The piece is regularly performed by the University of Minnesota Marching Band and pep bands and often sung by students at various athletic events and ceremonies.
Lyrics
See also
List of marches by John Philip Sousa
References
External links
Minnesota March as performed by the University of Minnesota Marching Band
Sousa marches
1927 compositions
Concert band pieces |
6909341 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte-Carlo%20Television%20Festival | Monte-Carlo Television Festival | The Monte-Carlo Television Festival is held every year in June in the Principality of Monaco at the Grimaldi Forum, under the Honorary Presidency of H.S.H. Prince Albert II of Monaco.
The opening ceremony inaugurates each new edition, introducing the jury members overseeing each project in competition. The evening includes a preview screening of a television program.
Open to the public, the festival also offers opportunities to meet international stars, attend TV series "behind the scenes" conferences, public screenings and autograph signing sessions.
The Golden Nymph Awards Ceremony, reveals the winners of the best in TV programming from around the world in front of an audience of more than a thousand guests.
History
By creating the Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo in 1961, Prince Rainier III of Monaco, wished to "encourage a new art form, in the service of peace and understanding between men". Monaco's international status ideally suited the Prince's ambition: to recognize television as an exceptional means of bringing cultures together and enhancing their respective knowledge.
The project generated worldwide interest and, over the years, many distinguished celebrities have sat on the juries, bringing international recognition to the best of television programming. However, The Monter-Carlo Television Festival is above all, since the 1980s, a very important opportunity for business, a huge international market.
Prince Albert II has been the Honorary President of the Festival since 1988.
The best of worldwide television programming has been rewarded with Golden Nymph statuettes, copies of the "Salmacis" nymph by the Monegasque sculptor François Joseph Bosio (1768–1845), chief court sculptor to Louis XVIII, the original of which is on show at the Louvre Museum in Paris.
The Golden Nymph Awards
The Golden Nymph Awards are among the most prestigious prizes in international television, rewarding the best TV programs and actors. Over the course of the festival, an international jury of leading actors and industry professionals attend screenings of all the programs in competition.
Categories and awards
Fiction
The Fiction category is composed of TV series, films and mini series. Six awards are made:
Best Film
Best Series
Best Creation
Best Actress
Best Actor
Jury Special Prize (the very favourite programme of the Jury)
News
The News category refers to programs that cover international, national, regional and local news or current affairs events. Four awards are made:
Best News Coverage
Best News Documentary
Best Documentary Film
Jury Special Prize (the very favourite programme of the Jury)
Prince Rainier III Special Prize
This Special Prize was created by Albert II and is given to a programme selected by him. It is awarded to the best documentary dealing with environmental issues. A prize of €10,000 is awarded to the laureate. The award is made in partnership with the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation.
Special prizes
A selection of special prizes are awarded by partner organisations. The winners are selected from among all of the entries made to the Golden Nymph Awards.
The Press Prize of the International Committee of the Red Cross
Prize of the Red Cross of Monaco
The AMADE Prize
The SIGNIS Prize: The Silver Dove
See also
List of television festivals
References
External links
IMDB festival page for some historical awards data
Television festivals
Festivals in Monaco
Festivals established in 1961
1961 establishments in Monaco |
6909344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kneaded%20eraser | Kneaded eraser | A kneaded eraser, also commonly known as a putty rubber, is a pliable erasing tool used by artists. It is usually made of a grey or white unvulcanized rubber (though it can be found in many different colors, such as green, blue, hot pink, yellow, and so forth) resembling putty or chewing gum. It functions by absorbing and "picking up" graphite and charcoal particles, in addition to carbon, colored pencil, or pastel marks. It neither wears nor leaves residue ("eraser crumbs"), thereby lasting much longer than other erasers.
Kneaded erasers have great plasticity and can be stretched, compressed, split, and molded for precision erasing, pruning lines, cleaning edges, creating highlights through subtractive drawing, or performing other detail work. They can completely remove light marks, but are ill-suited to fully erasing dark areas. They may also smear or stick if too warm.
Besides their precision, kneaded erasers are preferred by artists for their long life and ease of cleaning. One simply kneads their eraser and the medium will fade into its mass. Although kneaded erasers do not wear away like other erasers, they can become saturated and unable to absorb any more graphite or charcoal. In this case, the eraser will leave marks on the paper instead of removing them. The saturating material can be removed by rinsing and kneading.
They can also be useful as a material for impromptu sculptures, similar to plasticine, for sketching or fun.
References
Visual arts materials
Drawing |
6909346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota%20Fight | Minnesota Fight | "Minnesota Fight" is one of several school songs of the University of Minnesota. Responding to a 1925 contest to find an additional fight song for the school, university graduate Truman E. Rickard entered a piece entitled "Minnesota! Let's Go!". Rickard shared the contest's hundred-dollar prize with another entry, Marion Bassett's "Our Minnesota". Rickard's fight song can still be heard at Minnesota Golden Gopher athletic events, but is now known as "Minnesota Fight".
Lyrics
References
External links
Minnesota Fight as performed by the University of Minnesota Marching Band |
26720028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20UCI%20Track%20Cycling%20World%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20scratch | 2010 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Women's scratch | The Women's Scratch was one of the 9 women's events at the 2010 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, held in Ballerup, Denmark on 26 March 2010.
24 Cyclists participated in the contest. The competition consisted of 40 laps, making a total of 10 km.
Results
References
Results
Women's scratch
UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Women's scratch
UCI |
26720065 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myagdi%20Khola | Myagdi Khola | Myagdi Khola is a river which has its source at Mt. Dhaulagiri, then passes through Myagdi district to meet to the Kaligandaki river. The term "myagdi" may be originated from the two terms Meng and dee. Meng means thapa magar and Dee means water in magar language. It is the everflow river. The term "khola" means, in local (Nepali) language river.
References
Rivers of Gandaki Province |
23579545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Herbert%20Flowers%20High%20School | Charles Herbert Flowers High School | Charles Herbert Flowers High School is a comprehensive science and technology magnet school located in unincorporated Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, adjacent to the Springdale census-designated place and with a Springdale postal address. It is part of the Prince George's County School System. Its principal is Dr. Gorman Brown.
The school serves: most of the City of Glenarden, all of Lake Arbor CDP and Springdale CDP, portions of Landover CDP and Summerfield CDP, and most of the 2010-defined Mitchellville and Woodmore CDPs.
Flowers High School's motto is "Mecca of Excellence." The school's Alma Mater, "A Mecca of Excellence," was written by R&B singer and 2004 graduate Patrice Jones and principal Helena Jones.
History
The school opened its doors in August 2000, for only 9th and 10th grade students. At that time, it was the first new high school in 26 years constructed in the Prince George's County Public School system. It had a cost of $30 million. 1,000 were expected at its opening.
The provisional name was Ardmore High School until the final name was decided. The Prince George's County Board of Education considered several names for the school, but ultimately settled on long-time Glenarden resident Charles Herbert Flowers, a well-known trainer of the Tuskegee Airmen. In doing so, the school board waived its guideline for naming schools posthumously. Flowers appeared to celebrate the school's opening.
As the school was to open, residents in the wealthier areas of Lake Arbor and Mitchellville and the lower income Landover were competing over who would be served by the school; some wealthier African-Americans were reluctant to let their children go to school with poor children. In April 2000 the school board chose not to include Palmer Park students in the Flowers attendance zone, so they were instead assigned to DuVal High School. If Palmer Park was included, the estimate calculated was an additional 115 students, which would have made the occupancy 100.6%.
Campus
The building has one gymnasium, an auditorium with 750 seats, and 18 laboratories for science classes.
In 2018 the school began using a classroom as a school supply area for new teachers in the district. Experienced teachers supply the "treasure room" with excess school supplies.
School uniforms
Initially, students of Charles Herbert Flowers were not required to wear uniforms, although there was a dress code that students had to adhere to. In the fall of 2005, following a school-wide survey of parents and students, Flowers students were required to wear a school uniform that consisted of grey slacks or grey pleated skirts, white polo or oxford shirts consisting of the school logo, a hunter green blazer or v-neck sweater vest, and v-neck long-sleeve sweater, all bearing the school logo, as well as a black belt and black shoes.
The class of 2006 was the first senior class required to wear uniforms. The school uniform policy remains, but is no longer as strict. Students are no longer are required to purchase their uniforms from the school, making the uniforms more affordable. Today, the uniforms for all students are black khakis with a forest green polo shirt, with any color shoes.
Beginning in the 2011–2012 school year, students in the Science and Technology Program, who have internships during the day, wear an all-black uniform. This uniform consists of a black top with the new Science and Technology logo and the word "INTERN" underneath, and black bottoms.
Academics
Charles Herbert Flowers High School is part of the Prince George's County Science and Technology program. This program also includes Eleanor Roosevelt High School and Oxon Hill High School.
As of 2010 80% of its 12th grade students passed Maryland state achievement tests, and Flowers had an 82% graduation rate. In the previous year it met every adequate yearly progress (AYP) target set by the federal government.
Previously the school only allowed students already making a 3.0 grade point average and with permission from teachers to sign up for Advanced Placement (AP) courses. By that period most U.S. schools, which had previously restricted AP enrollment to high-achieving students, began to let all students sign up; in 2010 the school still restricted AP classes even though PGCPS policy stated that they must be open to all students. After Jay Mathews of The Washington Post inquired on the matter, principal Helena Nobles-Jones stated that the restriction policy had been dropped.
Notable alumni
Rico Nasty, rapper and singer
Jazz Lewis, member of the Maryland House of Delegates
School organizations
Student Government Association
Future Business Leaders of America
National Art Honor Society
Science National Honor Society
National Chinese Honor Society
Chinese Game Club
National Honor Society
Student Humanitarian Organization
Air Force Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps
Jaguar Players Drama Club
Science and Technology Academic Reformers (STAR)
It's Academic
Pom & Dance Team
Mock Trials Defence Team
Environmental Science Club
National Society of Black Engineers
College Summit
African Students' Association
Young People for God Christian Club
Muslim Students' Association
Math Honor Society
Mathematic Engineering and Science Achievement
Spanish Honor Society
Scholarship Club
Poetry Club
Community Day
Flowers Kouture
Inklings: Young Writers Club
ProStart Culinary Arts Program
Jaguar Debate Team
References
External links
Charles Herbert Flowers High School
NCSSS schools
Public high schools in Maryland
Magnet schools in Maryland
Schools in Prince George's County, Maryland
Educational institutions established in 2000
2000 establishments in Maryland |
26720076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chongtong | Chongtong | The Chongtong (Hangul: 총통, Hanja: 銃筒) was a term for military firearms of Goryeo and Joseon dynasty. The size of chongtong varies from small firearm to large cannon, and underwent upgrades, which can be separated in three generation type. The well-known "Cheonja", "Jija", "Hyeonja", and "Hwangja" were named after the first four characters of the Thousand Character Classic in decreasing size, thus making them equivalent to Cannons A, B, C, and D.
History
Gunpowder first came to Korea in the mid 14th century. From 1356 onwards Korea was much harassed by Japanese wo khou pirates, and the Goryeo king, Kongmin Wang, sent an envoy to the Ming court appealing for a supply of firearms. Although China at that time was under Yuan dynasty, the first Ming emperor, Chu Yuan-Chang seems to have treated the request kindly and responded in some measure. The Goryeosa mentions a certain type of bombard (ch'ong t'ong) which could send arrows from the Nam-kang hill to the south of the Sun-ch’on Sa temple with such force and velocity that they would penetrate completely into the ground together with their fins. In ca. 1372 Li Khang (or Li Yuan), a saltpetre expert (yen hsiao chiang), perhaps a merchant, came from South China to Korea, and he was befriended by the courtier Choi Muson. He asked him confidentially about the secrets of his mystery, and sent several of his retainers to learn his arts from him. Choi became the first Korean to manufacture gunpowder and gun barrels, all depending on Li Khang's transmission. A royal inspection of a new fleet happened in 1373 including tests of guns with larger barrels for shooting incendiary arrows against the pirate ships.
In 1373 a new mission, led by Sang Sa-on was sent to the Chinese capital asking for urgent supplies of gunpowder. The Koreans had built special ships for repelling the Japanese pirates, and these needed gunpowder for their cannon. In the following year another request was made to the Ming emperor after the military camps at Happo were set ablaze by Japanese pirates, with over 5000 casualties. At first Thai Tsu was reluctant to supply powder and arms to the Koreans, but in the middle of 1374 he changed his mind, he also sent military officers to inspect the ships built by the Koreans. The Goryeosa records the first systematic manufacture of hand-cannons and bombards in Korea in ca. 1377, saying that the arsenal was directed by a "Fire-Barrel Superintendent" (Huo Thung Tu Chien).
During the reign of Taejong of Joseon, improvements were made, and still more were made by Sejong the Great in the 1440s.
During the mid 16th century the classic Cheonja, Jija, Hyeonja and Hwangja chongtong appeared. Earlier in the century, the bullanggi, a breech-loading swivel gun was introduced from Portugal via China.
In 1596, more improvements were made, and by this time (i.e. on the dawn of the Imjin War) the Seungja class of hand-cannons were phased out in favor of Japanese-style muskets and arquebuses. The Koreans called these jochong (조총/鳥銃).
During the 1650s, Hendrick Hamel and others were shipwrecked on Jejudo, introducing a Dutch cannon the Koreans called the hong'ipo, and used it alongside the native Korean cannons.
They were finally discontinued in the late 19th century when Joseon abolished the old-style army in favor of an army based on contemporary Western militaries.
Cannons
Cheonja-Chongtong
The 'Sky' or 'Heaven' (Hangul: 천자총통; Hanja: 天字銃筒) type cannon was the largest of the chongtong. Its length was about 1.3 m and the bore was about 13 cm. One of the projectiles it fired was a 30 kg 'daejanggunjeon', a large rocket-shaped arrow with an iron head and fins. The cheonja could fire one of these up to about 1.4 km.
Jija-Chongtong
The 'Earth' (Hangul: 지자총통; Hanja: 地字銃筒) cannon was a little smaller, about 1 m long with a bore of about 10 cm. It could fire a 16.5 kg 'janggunjeon' (similar to the daejanggunjeon, only smaller) about 1 km.
Hyeonja-Chongtong
The 'Black' (Hangul: 현자총통; Hanja: 玄字銃筒) type was about 0.8 m long with a bore of about 8 cm and could fire a 'chadajeon' (similar to the janggunjeon) that weighed about 3.5 kg up to about 1 to 2 km.
Hwangja-Chongtong
The 'Yellow' (Hangul: 황자총통; Hanja: 黃字銃筒) was the smallest of the cannons. It resembled the European hand-cannon. Its bore was about 5 cm and shot a large arrow (similar to the chadaejeon) that weighed about 1.5 kg or four ordinary arrows at once which had a range of about 730 m.
Handheld guns
Se-Chongtong
In 1432, the Joseon dynasty under the reign of Sejong the Great introduced a handgun named se-chongtong (세총통). Initially, Joseon considered the gun as a failed project due to its short effective range, but the weapon quickly proved to be effective in the frontier provinces, starting in June 1437. It was used by both soldiers of different units and civilians, including women and children, as a personal defense weapon. The gun was notably used by chetamja (체탐자, special reconnaissance), whose mission was to infiltrate enemy territory, and by carabiniers carrying multiple guns (a fact made possible by their compact size).
Seungja-Chongtong
The 'Victor' (Hangul: 승자총통; Hanja: 勝者銃筒) fired various small projectiles like pellets, bullets, arrows, arrows with war head, etc.
Gallery
Other firearms used by Koreans in the 16th century
Similar weapons
Cetbang, Javanese cannon adapted from the Yuan guns
Bo-hiya, Japanese fire arrow
Huochong, Chinese hand cannon
Bedil tombak, Nusantaran hand cannon
See also
List of artillery
Korean cannon
Hwacha
Hongyipao
Singijeon
References
Cannon
Weapons of Korea
Joseon dynasty
Early firearms
Early rocketry |
20482526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjala%20Zaveri | Anjala Zaveri | Anjala Zaveri (born 20 April 1972) is a British actress who has primarily appeared in Telugu and Hindi language films, as well as few films in Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada.
Personal life
Zaveri was born on 20 April 1972 in a Gujarati family in Portsmouth, London. She is married to Tarun Arora.
Career
Zaveri was selected by Vinod Khanna in a nationwide search in England for the film Himalay Putra, which also marked Vinod's son Akshaye Khanna's film debut. She acted in Betaabi. Zaveri starred in the 1998 blockbuster romantic comedy, Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya, starring Salman Khan and Kajol. In the same year, she starred opposite Chiranjeevi in the Telugu movie, Choodalani Vundi.
She was very successful in Tollywood films. She was introduced to Tollywood by Suresh Productions in the movie Preminchukundam Raa opposite Venkatesh and has shared screen with him again in Devi Putrudu. She has done Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada films as well, working with actors like Nandamuri Balakrishna, Nagarjuna, Mammootty and Sudeep.
Filmography
References
External links
1972 births
British actresses
British people of Indian descent
Living people
Actresses from London
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Actresses in Telugu cinema
Indian film actresses
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Actresses in Kannada cinema |
26720106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Pascoe | Bob Pascoe | Robert Henry Pascoe (born 15 February 1941) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with North Melbourne and St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Pascoe's SANFL career with North Adelaide encompassed five seasons from 1959 to 1963, playing 97 games. He was a member of their 1960 premiership team and two years later earned selection in South Australian state side but had to sit out due to a suspension.
A ruckman, he joined North Melbourne in 1964 and missed just one game in his debut season. By 1966 he was performing well enough to be picked to represent the VFL in the Hobart Carnival but again didn't make the trip, this time due to a broken leg. The following year he was joined in the ruck by his brother Barry and finished third in North Melbourne's 'Best and Fairest'. After a dispute with club officials over his payments, Pascoe left the club at the end of the 1967 VFL season and transferred to St Kilda.
Having played the first nine games in 1968, Pascoe missed the rest of the season through a twelve-week suspension. He however performed well for St Kilda over the next two years.
In 1971, Pascoe joined Burnie in the North West Football Union as captain-coach. He was in charge of the Tasmanian club for three seasons and managed 44 games. He also captained the Tasmanian interstate team against the VFL in 1973.
References
1941 births
North Melbourne Football Club players
St Kilda Football Club players
North Adelaide Football Club players
Burnie Football Club players
Australian rules footballers from South Australia
Living people |
26720110 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hamilton%20%28physicist%29 | James Hamilton (physicist) | James "Jim" Hamilton (29 January 1918 – 6 July 2000) was an Irish mathematician and theoretical physicist who, whilst at Dublin Institute for Advanced Sciences (1941-1943), helped to develop the theory of cosmic-ray mesons with Walter Heitler and Hwan-Wu Peng.
He was born in Sligo. His family moved to Belfast in 1920, where after attending the Royal Academical Institution he entered Queen's University in 1935. Following his graduation, Jim continued to work at Queen's, and was the first fellow to be enrolled in the School of Theoretical Physics at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
After service with the British Admiralty during the Second World War, Jim resumed his physics research at the University of Manchester (1945-1949), under Patrick Blackett, where he worked on radiation damping and associated topics.
At the University of Cambridge, where he lectured in mathematics (1950–1960), he was at the forefront of work on S-matrix theory and became known for his sophisticated use of dispersion relations. His work there included collaborations with Abdus Salam and Hans Bethe. During his last two years he was at the core, along with Richard Eden and George Batchelor, of founding the new Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics.
At University College, London (1960-1964) he formed a thriving high energy physics research group, before moving to Copenhagen and NORDITA, where he led the teaching of particle physics in Scandinavia from 1964 to 1983.
References
1918 births
2000 deaths
People from Sligo (town)
Irish mathematicians
Irish physicists
Nuclear physicists
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
People educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution
Academics of Queen's University Belfast
Donegall Lecturers of Mathematics at Trinity College Dublin
Admiralty personnel of World War II
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Academics of University College London
Theoretical physicists
20th-century mathematicians
Cosmic ray physicists
Academics of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies |
23579557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDan%20Marolt | Žan Marolt | Žan Marolt (25 September 1964 – 11 July 2009) was a Bosnian actor and TV personality. He was a regular actor of the Chamber Theatre 55 where he made numerous roles in the theater, in plays such as Buba u uhu, Umri muški, Kidaj od svoje žene, Ujak Vanja and in numerous films and television shows.
The last Marolt's role was in the multiple award-winning film The Abandoned (2010).
Death
Marolt died in his hometown of Sarajevo on 11 July 2009 after a long battle with cancer. He was buried two days later, on 14 July in Sarajevo at the Bare Cemetery.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
1964 births
2009 deaths
20th-century Bosnia and Herzegovina male actors
Bosnia and Herzegovina male film actors
Bosnia and Herzegovina male stage actors
Bosnia and Herzegovina male television actors
Male actors from Sarajevo
Burials at Bare Cemetery, Sarajevo |
26720118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcazaba%20of%20Antequera | Alcazaba of Antequera | The Alcazaba of Antequera is a Moorish fortress in Antequera, Spain. It was erected over Roman ruins in the 14th century to counter the Christian advance from the north.
The fortress is rectangular in shape, with two towers. Its keep (Spanish: Torre del homenaje, 15th century) is considered amongst the largest of al-Andalus, with the exception of the Comares Tower of the Alhambra.
It is surmounted by a Catholic bell tower/chapel (Templete del Papabellotas) added in 1582.
Connected to the former by a line of walls is the Torre Blanca ("white tower").
Terminology
The term alcazaba, used for Moorish fortifications in Portugal and Spain, comes from the Arabic casbah, usually used for similar structures in North Africa.
Notes
External links
Buildings and structures completed in the 14th century
Antequera
Castles in Andalusia
Buildings and structures in Antequera |
26720149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin%20Beashel | Colin Beashel | Colin Kenneth Beashel (born 21 November 1959) is an Australian sailor who crewed on the winning America's Cup team Australia II in 1983 and competed at six Olympics between 1984 and 2004, winning bronze in 1996. He became, jointly with Brazilian Torben Grael, the eighth sailor to compete at six Olympics. He helmed Australia Challenge at the 1992 Louis Vuitton Cup.
Born in Sydney, Beashel comes from a sailing family. His father Ken is a local sailing legend. His brother Adam was a sailor for Team New Zealand in the Americas Cup in 2003, 2007 and 2013. Adam's wife Lanee Butler sailed at four Olympics.
Beashel competed at the Olympics in the two-person keelboat, with Richard Coxon in 1984, Gregory Torpy in 1988, and David Giles from 1992 to 2004. He and Giles also won the World Championships in 1998 in the Star class. He now runs the family boat shop in Elvina Bay, Pittwater.
See also
List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games
References
1959 births
Living people
Australian male sailors (sport)
Olympic sailors of Australia
Olympic bronze medalists for Australia
Olympic medalists in sailing
Sailors at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Star
Sailors at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Star
Sailors at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Star
Sailors at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Star
Sailors at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Star
Sailors at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Star
Star class world champions
Sailors from Sydney
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
1987 America's Cup sailors
1983 America's Cup sailors
1992 America's Cup sailors
World champions in sailing for Australia |
23579572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Isle%20of%20Wight%20Council%20election | 2005 Isle of Wight Council election | The 2005 Isle of Wight Council elections were held on the Isle of Wight, England, on 5 May 2005. The result led to a landslide Conservative victory gaining 22 councillors, leading the Isle of Wight to Conservative control from no overall control previously.
Results
The party standings following the election:
The outcome of the election led to a significant change in composition of the Isle of Wight Council. Prior to the election, the Liberal Democrats were the largest group overall but still didn't hold a majority, leading to a coalition known as 'Island First' with independent councillors. The election showed a fall in support for the Liberal Democrats as the Conservatives gained 23 seats and took over as the largest group with a majority of 22. Following the change in control of the Council, Cllr Andy Sutton took over with the promise that every aspect of the Conservative manifesto would be followed as they had indicated before the election. Despite this promise there has been some debate on how well the original manifesto has been followed.
Ward results
The following are results from each electoral ward.
See also
Politics of the Isle of Wight
References
2005 English local elections
2005
21st century on the Isle of Wight |
20482536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spider-Man%20%282000%20video%20game%29 | Spider-Man (2000 video game) | Spider-Man is a 2000 action-adventure video game based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. It was developed by Neversoft and published by Activision using the Tony Hawk's Pro Skater game engine for the PlayStation 1. The game was later ported by different developers to various systems, including the Game Boy Color and Nintendo 64 that same year, as well as the Dreamcast and Microsoft Windows in 2001.
The game's story follows Spider-Man as he attempts to clear his name after being framed by a doppelgänger and becoming a wanted criminal, while also having to foil a symbiote invasion orchestrated by Doctor Octopus and Carnage. Numerous villains from the comics appear as bosses, including Scorpion, Rhino, Venom, Mysterio, Carnage, and Doctor Octopus, as well as a Carnage symbiote-possessed Doctor Octopus named Monster-Ock, who was created exclusively for the game as the final boss.
The game features narration from co-creator Stan Lee, and is the first Spider-Man game published by Activision following their acquisition of the license, which would expire in 2014.
Spider-Man received an overall generally positive reception. It was followed by three sequels in 2001: the Game Boy Color-exclusive Spider-Man 2: The Sinister Six, developed by Torus Games; the PlayStation-exclusive Spider-Man 2: Enter Electro, developed by Vicarious Visions; and the Game Boy Advance-exclusive Spider-Man: Mysterio's Menace, also developed by Vicarious Visions.
Gameplay
The game has the player controlling Spider-Man as he goes through each level, either trying to reach the exit or complete a certain objective. The player must retry the current level if Spider-Man runs out of health, falls off a building or fails to complete certain objectives such as rescuing a hostage. Spider-Man is able to utilize his spider powers to traverse the environments, being able to crawl on walls and ceilings, swing short distances and instantly zip between certain points. In combat, Spider-Man can utilize a limited supply of web-cartridges to attack his enemies, either webbing them up to stall or defeat them, increasing the strength of his attacks or forming an explosive barrier. Spider-Man can also find comics, which unlock a Spider-Man comic book issue cover in the menu screen, as well as power-ups such as Spider-Armor which temporarily increases his strength and defense, and Fire Webbing which is effective against symbiotes.
Plot
A supposedly reformed Dr. Otto Octavius is holding a scientific demonstration at the Science Expo 2000, but is interrupted when an impostor Spider-Man attacks the crew and steals his equipment. Eddie Brock tries to take pictures for the Daily Bugle, but the impostor shatters his camera. In rage, the Venom symbiote resurfaces inside Brock, and he vows revenge against Spider-Man. Meanwhile, the real Spider-Man, who witnessed the incident, is held responsible for the theft, and the police ensue a manhunt for him. Elsewhere, two unseen figures release some fog from their hidden base into the city, which quickly covers the streets.
After meeting with Black Cat and foiling a bank robbery by the Jade Syndicate, Spider-Man is forced to save J. Jonah Jameson from Scorpion. He defeats Scorpion, only for an ungrateful Jameson to call the police on him. While trying to escape, Spider-Man encounters Daredevil, who promises to spread the word about Spider-Man's innocence. After evading a police chopper, Spider-Man reunites with Black Cat, who informs him of two new problems: Rhino is attacking a power plant, and Venom has kidnapped his wife Mary Jane Parker to lure out Spider-Man. Choosing to deal with Rhino first, Spider-Man and Black Cat defeat him and leave him for the police, but the latter, badly wounded during the fight, is kidnapped by unknown assailants posing as paramedics.
After encouragement from the Human Torch, Spider-Man sets out to find Venom, only for him to appear behind Spider-Man and lead him on a chase through the city and then the sewers. While pursuing Venom, Spider-Man encounters the Lizard, who was imprisoned by Venom after taking control of his lizard-men (which attacked Spider-Man at various points during the chase). The Lizard points Spider-Man to Venom's lair, where the former rescues Mary Jane and defeats Venom. To make amends with Spider-Man after learning he was framed, Venom offers to help him figure out who did it. The two go to the Daily Bugle to search through Jameson's files for answers, but during the search, Venom senses Carnage's presence nearby and leaves to find him.
Left to investigate on his own, Spider-Man discovers an infestation of symbiotes in the building and clears them out, before encountering the impostor Spider-Man, revealed to be Mysterio in disguise. After defeating him, Spider-Man learns Mysterio was hired to keep Spider-Man distracted while his employer infests New York with symbiotes, and that the fog over the city will act as a beacon for the symbiotes, preparing the citizens for symbiosis. On his way to Warehouse 65, where the hideout of Mysterio's employer is located, Spider-Man encounters the Punisher, whom he convinces about his innocence and, in turn, he helps Spider-Man infiltrate the warehouse.
Spider-Man discovers an entrance to a massive undersea base inside the warehouse, and proceeds to investigate, quickly coming across a symbiote manufacturing operation and an imprisoned Black Cat. After disrupting the operation and rescuing Black Cat, Spider-Man finally confronts her kidnappers and the masterminds behind the symbiote invasion: Octavius and Carnage. Taking up his Doctor Octopus persona once again, Octavius explains that he faked his reform and that, with the help of Carnage - who donated his symbiote to be cloned - he hopes to create a new world dominated by symbiotes, under his rule. Just then, Venom appears and takes on Carnage, while Spider-Man fights Doc Ock. After both Doc Ock and Venom are defeated, Spider-Man fights Carnage and defeats him by tossing him into a sonic bubble. However, the Carnage symbiote then fuses with Doc Ock, creating Monster-Ock, who proceeds to chase Spider-Man through the self-destructing base until he is caught in an explosion, which removes the symbiote from Doc Ock's body. Spider-Man carries the unconscious Doc Ock to the surface, where they are saved by Captain America, Black Cat, and Venom.
In the epilogue, at the S.H.I.E.L.D. headquarters, Spider-Man is playing cards with Captain America, Daredevil, and the Punisher, while Black Cat and the Human Torch are dancing. In prison, Mysterio, Rhino, Scorpion, and a Jade Syndicate thug are also playing cards, while an annoyed Doc Ock is banging his head against the cell bars.
Development
The game was announced on December 2, 1998.Spider-Man uses the same game engine as Tony Hawk's Pro Skater. Spider-Man was a hidden character in Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2, and a reference is made to this during gameplay. The PlayStation, Dreamcast, and Windows versions have pre-rendered cutscenes, whereas the Nintendo 64 version shows captioned freeze-frames done in the style of a comic book and with fewer voice clips, due to that console's technical limitations for cutscenes. The Lizard was meant to appear in the final cutscene but was not included in the final version of the game's cutscene. The earliest footage of the game was found in a German demo disc entitled PlayDemo Vol. 17, and featured some drastic changes from the final product. These include a different opening sequence, different (most likely placeholder) voices, different music, and an entirely different model for Scorpion and an entirely different Rhino boss stage, as well as a sewer level not found in the final game.
Audio
Some of the voice actors from both Spider-Man and Spider-Man Unlimited cartoons reprise their respective roles. For instance, Rino Romano reprises his role as Spider-Man/Peter Parker from Spider-Man Unlimited, Jennifer Hale reprises her roles as both Black Cat from the 1994 Spider-Man cartoon and Mary Jane Watson from Spider-Man Unlimited. Efrem Zimbalist Jr. reprises his role as Doctor Octopus from the 1994 Spider-Man TV series. The main song is a remix of the 1960s Spider-Man cartoon theme by the UK electronic music group Apollo 440. Stan Lee narrates key parts of the story. Daran Norris voices Venom/Eddie Brock, Mysterio, Scorpion, Punisher, Human Torch and Captain America, while Dee Bradley Baker voices Carnage, J. Jonah Jameson, the Lizard, Daredevil and Rhino. Chad Findley, lead designer of the game is uncredited as voice director.
Soundtrack
The game's soundtrack was composed by Tommy Tallarico. It features a variation of tracks mostly arranged in individual samples and influenced by popular music genres of the time such as industrial rock and nu metal. The samples correlate to actions in-game, such as when Spider-Man is battling an enemy, and fade out when the action is over. However some levels have a fixed soundtrack, including boss battles. The Nintendo 64 port includes a sound test where the individual samples of tracks can be listened to. It can be accessed via cheat code.
Reception
While reviews varied from system to system, Spider-Man received generally positive reviews. GameRankings shows aggregate scores of 86.53% for the PlayStation version, 66.91% for the Game Boy Color version, 82.52% for the Nintendo 64 version, 80.23% for the Dreamcast version, and 67.96% for the PC version. Metacritic shows scores of 87 out of 100 for the PlayStation version, 72 out of 100 for the Nintendo 64 version, 80 out of 100 for the Dreamcast version, and 68 out of 100 for the PC version.
IGN gave the PlayStation version a 9 out of 10, calling it "arguably, the best Spider-Man game", giving a 8.4 for the Dreamcast version calling it "good fun for anyone with a Dreamcast that hasn't played the PlayStation version", while expecting more from a powerful system like the Dreamcast. The PC version, however, got a scathing review for essentially being a port of the Dreamcast with no major changes. GameSpot gave the PlayStation version a 7.7, calling it "excellent framework on which to base future Spider-Man games – and an exceptional game to boot".
Greg Orlando reviewed the PlayStation version of the game for Next Generation, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "Excelsior! Great web-slinging fun".
Scott Steinberg reviewed the Dreamcast version of the game for Next Generation, rating it four stars out of five, and stated that "a fun but slightly flawed superhero action adventure that'll have you bouncing off the walls. Literally".
Spider-Mans PlayStation version received a "Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom.
Sequels
The game has spawned three sequels in 2001: Spider-Man 2: The Sinister Six served as an alternative continuation that followed the events of the Game Boy Color version instead. The game eventually got a true sequel titled Spider-Man 2: Enter Electro released exclusively for the PlayStation, and a standalone sequel Spider-Man: Mysterio's Menace for the Game Boy Advance exclusively.
Potential remaster
In April 2022, the original game developer wants to remaster the game, and was in talks.
Notes
References
External links
Spider-Man games on Marvel.com
2000 video games
3D platform games
Action-adventure games
Activision games
Beat 'em ups
Dreamcast games
Game Boy Color games
Neversoft games
Treyarch games
Nintendo 64 games
PlayStation (console) games
Superhero video games
Video games based on Spider-Man
Video games based on Venom (character)
Video games scored by Tommy Tallarico
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in New York City
Video games with alternative versions
Windows games |
23579590 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensbury%20High%20School | Queensbury High School | Queensbury High School (QHS) is a public high school located in Queensbury, Warren County, New York, United States. It was founded in 1963 and is one of four schools in the Queensbury Union Free School District. The other schools include Queensbury Elementary School, William H. Barton Intermediate School, and Queensbury Middle School. The High School has a student run Help Desk, where students repair Chromebooks and provide tech help to students and staff alike.
History
The school was opened in September 1963 although parts of the school, such as the gymnasium, were unfinished. By 26 April, the school was finished and the community was invited to the school for tours. Today, the school has more than 1,000 attending students with an extensive sports program and an International Baccalaureate (IB) diploma program.
Notable alumni
Adam Terry - Player for the Baltimore Ravens in the National Football League.
Brendan Harris - Player for the Minnesota Twins in Major League Baseball.
Dan Stec (New York State Assemblyman)
References
External links
Official website
Educational institutions established in 1963
Public high schools in New York (state)
Schools in Warren County, New York
1963 establishments in New York (state) |
20482549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenig%20Fach | Arenig Fach | Arenig Fach is a mountain in southern Snowdonia, north Wales. It is a peak in the Arenig range and lies to the north of its parent peak Arenig Fawr.
It lies close to Llyn Celyn alongside the A4212 between Trawsfynydd and Bala. Carnedd y Filiast and Foel Goch (Arenigs) is to the east, while Moel Llyfnant, Gallt y Daren and Arenig Fawr are to the south.
The summit itself is known as Carnedd Bachgen, named after the ancient cairn, Carnedd y Bachgen (which lies just north-east of the summit), and is the highest point at the north end of a wide plateau. There is a trig point and a substantial shelter cairn. The mountain rises from the Migneint moorland and looks like a bulky heathery "lump" from most directions. However, its north-eastern face has steep cliffs with a small corrie lake, Llyn Arenig Fach, at their bottom. The last glacier occupation of this corrie is thought to have happened during the Loch Lomond Stadial.
References
Marilyns of Wales
Hewitts of Wales
Nuttalls
Mountains and hills of Snowdonia
Mountains and hills of Gwynedd
Llanycil |
20482556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A4skkorv | Fläskkorv | Fläskkorv () is a Swedish sausage made largely or entirely from pork. Traditionally it is sold raw (though now it is not uncommon to find precooked varieties), and often served during the Christmas smörgåsbord (Julbord).
A typical accompaniment is rotmos, a dish made from mashed carrots, potatoes and rutabagas (swedes).
See also
List of sausages
References
Swedish sausages |
20482558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella%20pura | Aegopinella pura | Aegopinella pura is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Description
For terms see gastropod shell
The shell is colourless or weakly brown and weakly shiny. The microsculpture (only visible under a microscope, 35-40 x) is faint, spiral lines crossing irregular radial lines. There are 3.5-4 convex whorls, the last whorl increasing and not descending near aperture. The umbilicus is wide and slightly excentric.
Distribution
This species occurs in countries and islands including:
Czech Republic
Ukraine
Great Britain
Ireland
and other areas
Habitat
Aegopinella pura lives in deciduous forests where it can be found in the litter layer, underneath deadwood and at the base of vegetation. It preferes dry to humid habitats, especially on calcareous substrate.
Life cycle
In spring, the adult snails lay the eggs and die after that. Two years after hatching the juveniles reach their maturity.
References
Kerney, M.P., Cameron, R.A.D. & Jungbluth, J-H. (1983). Die Landschnecken Nord- und Mitteleuropas. Ein Bestimmungsbuch für Biologen und Naturfreunde, 384 pp., 24 plates. [Summer or later]. Hamburg / Berlin (Paul Parey).
Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates. [June] [= Pensoft Series Faunistica No 87].
External links
Aegopinella pura at Animalbase taxonomy,short description, distribution, biology,status (threats), images
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1830 |
20482566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventura%20Miguel%20Marc%C3%B3%20del%20Pont | Ventura Miguel Marcó del Pont | Buenaventura Miguel Marcó del Pont Ángel Díaz y Méndez (15 November 1768 – 28 December 1836) was a Spanish merchant and treasurer for the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.
Marcó del Pont was born in Vigo, Spain, the son of Buenaventura Marcó del Pont y Porí and of Juana Ángel Díaz y Méndez. He migrated to Buenos Aires in the 1790s and established a successful business. A member of the Spanish consulate (est. 1794), the Municipal Council or Cabildo (1797) and the Real Consulado de Comercio (1803), he was commissioner of the Real Caja de Consolidacion, in which capacity he had dealings with the Viceroy regarding the collection of taxes in Rio de La Plata. In 1807 he lent the Cabildo more than 12,000 pesos to offset losses incurred in the English invasions. He died on 28 December 1836 in Andalucia, Spain.
Additional information
See also
Francisco Marcó del Pont
Sources
"Ventura Miguel Marco del Pont Correspondence, 1795-1820". Benson Latin American Collection (SRH) The University of Texas at Austin. Accessed November 2008. Online version
"Alegacion juridica que en defensa de D. Miguel Bdntura Marco del Pont, don Pedro de Landaecheverry, y otros cargadores españoles de la fragata inglesa Hunter, ó Cazadora, escribió el Doct. don José Gerónimo Vivár y Lopez Lisperguer, abogado de los tribunales nacionales, catedrático de código. Alegacion juridica que en defensa de D. Miguel Bentura Marco del Pont". Latin American pamphlet digital project at Harvard University. Preservation microfilm collection; 3608. Accessed November 2008. Online version
1768 births
1836 deaths
19th-century Spanish businesspeople
18th-century Spanish businesspeople |
6909359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307%20Sydney%20FC%20season | 2006–07 Sydney FC season | The 2006–07 season is Sydney FC's second season of soccer in Australia. Sydney FC contested in the 2006–07 A-League, and after winning the inaugural A-League Championship in 2005–06, competed in the 2007 AFC Champions League as one of Australia's two representatives.
Review
Preseason
After winning the A-League Championship in his first season with the club, head coach Pierre Littbarski signalled his intentions to remain with Sydney FC for the following season in April, whilst the club indicated that an "in-principle agreement" with Littbarski had been finalised. In May 2006 however, it was revealed that Littbarski would not accept an estimated A$250,000 pay cut to his original contract and thus decided to leave Sydney FC. Two months later, Sydney announced that they had agreed to terms with Motherwell F.C. manager and former England international Terry Butcher, who would sign a two-year deal.
During the off-season, Sydney released Andrew Packer from the final year of his contract for him to return to his home state to play for Queensland Roar, whilst signing Alex Brosque (Queensland – 3 years) and Jeremy Brockie (New Zealand – 2 years). 19-year-old Ruben Zadkovich, who was signed as short-term cover for Ufuk Talay late in the 2005–06 season, also upgraded to a two-year full-time contract with Sydney. Matthew Bingley was released from the squad due to salary cap restrictions.
Preseason Challenge Cup
Group stage
The group stage of the A-League pre-season cup saw Sydney drawn with Queensland Roar FC, Newcastle United Jets and the New Zealand Knights, whilst in the "bonus round" they would face Perth Glory. Sydney decided to host their two "home" matches during the group stage in Canberra (vs Newcastle) and Wollongong (vs Perth), as well as a match in Campbelltown in the final rounds of the competition. Sydney's first match for 2006–07 was against Queensland, and featured the debut of former Queensland player Alex Brosque, as well as Nikolai Topor-Stanley, a short-term signing to cover injury to defender Jacob Timpano. Brosque scored the winning goal for Sydney against his old club with three minutes remaining. Sydney went to the top of the group with a 2–1 win over Newcastle, Topor-Stanley scoring just three minutes into his debut starting appearance, and the Jets' only goal coming from Sydney player Terry McFlynn. A scoreless draw away to New Zealand sealed Sydney's place in the semi-finals, with the "bonus round" against Perth Glory still to play. Sydney won the match 3–0, picking up two bonus points and easily finishing on top of Group B with 12 points to each other teams' three.
Knockout stages
Sydney were drawn against Adelaide United, 2nd-placed finishers in group A, in their semi-final, which was held in Wollongong. Adelaide scored first through Travis Dodd, but a goal from David Carney two minutes before half-time levelled the scores. A red card to Alvin Ceccoli for "foul and abusive language" towards referee Mark Shield after the end of the first half left the hosts with ten men for the remainder, and although Sydney managed to create several chances, Adelaide ultimately came out on top with a goal to Kristian Rees in the final minute of the match. The result left Sydney to play-off with Newcastle for third place in the competition.
The 3rd-place playoff was contested in Campbelltown in south-western Sydney. Injuries and representative duties for several of Sydney's regular players handed Terry Butcher the opportunity to give game time to backup goalkeeper Justin Pasfield, as well as trial uncontracted players such as Nikolas Tsattalios, Jason Naidovski and Steven Bozinovski. Goals to Sasho Petrovski and Mark Rudan saw Sydney win the match 2–0 and take third place in the Pre-Season Cup.
Regular season
Sydney FC's 2006–07 A-League season campaign began with a rematch against their 2005–06 Grand Final opponents, the Central Coast Mariners. Over 19,000 people turned out to see an Iain Fyfe goal seal the contest for Sydney, while goalkeeper kept a clean sheet with two especially excellent saves keeping Sydney in the match. Sydney's following match was the first played at Melbourne's Telstra Dome – a decision made because Melbourne's regular home ground of Olympic Park was unavailable, but allowed an A-League record attendance of almost 40,000 to see the match. After just 13 minutes, Sydney were behind 2–0 to Melbourne, with captain Mark Rudan having been sent off for retaliation. Coach Terry Butcher praised the "spirit" of the Sydney team as they outscored Melbourne for the remainder of the match, but Sydney could not level the scores as Melbourne took the match 3–2. Two days before the Melbourne match it was confirmed that Sydney FC's marquee player Dwight Yorke would be leaving the club for English Championship team Sunderland for a reported £200,000 transfer fee. Whilst Yorke still had one season remaining on his original contract with Sydney, the club were not committed to extending his contract and could not compete with the salary rise offered by Sunderland.
With two draws and a win in their following three matches leaving them sitting in third position after five rounds, Sydney welcomed the arrival of Italian Benito Carbone for a four-match "guest stint". The 35-year-old had an instant impact, setting up goals for Ruben Zadkovich and Sasho Petrovski before scoring one of his own as Sydney ran away 4–1 winners over rivals Adelaide at Hindmarsh Stadium. The performance had Carbone touted as a possible marquee replacement for Dwight Yorke, but a management re-shuffle, which saw chairman Walter Bugno replaced by Edmund Capon and CEO Tim Parker by George Perry, forced Sydney to focus on financial stability in their second season and eventually led to the loss of Carbone. Carbone's final appearance for Sydney, in an away match against the Central Coast, was the first in a string of four consecutive matches in which Sydney scored an early goal but failed to win the match. The run coincided with a large injury list for Sydney, travelling to Newcastle with a squad of just 13 players despite the return of Matthew Bingley on a short-term contract. The return of David Carney, however, saw a 4–0 win over the New Zealand Knights, which sparked a streak of six matches in which Sydney conceded just one goal. This gave Sydney a run of eight matches undefeated heading into the Christmas break, where they sat second on the ladder.
Sydney began the 2007 year well, with a 2–0 away win over the Newcastle Jets on New Year's Day. The result ensured that Sydney retained second position and their one-point margin over Adelaide United on the table despite the deduction of three points due to salary cap breaches. In the following match, against New Zealand, Sydney's run of 542 minutes without conceding a goal came to an end, as did their nine-match unbeaten streak. A 1–0 loss to Adelaide in the penultimate round dropped Sydney to third position, and following Newcastle's 4–0 win over Melbourne in the first match of the final round, left Sydney needing to secure at least a point against Queensland Roar in order to finish in the top four. They did so, earning a 1–1 draw and thus scraping into the finals on goal difference ahead of Queensland.
Salary cap breaches
It was revealed in late 2004, shortly after the launch of the A-League, that the competition's salary cap rules included unrestricted concessions for "service agreements" – off-field earnings from sponsors to players in return for additional services. Then-chairman Walter Bugno confirmed that Sydney would be including service agreements in players' contracts, but denied that Sydney had contravened any rules regarding salaries whilst speculation mounted that Sydney had already exceeded the salary cap and the FFA announced a zero tolerance policy for breaches in the area. During the 2006–07 season, the FFA announced that Sydney had been found guilty of salary cap breaches regarding the 2005–06 season. Although the FFA would not divulge the nature of the breach, Sydney CEO Tim Parker attributed it to Sydney's unexpectedly heavy schedule which saw them play in the 2005 Oceania Club Championship, 2005 FIFA Club World Championship and the A-League finals series – preventing players from completing the additional services for which they were paid. Sydney were fined $89,000 and penalised one competition point, but the fine was reduced to $44,000 and the point penalty suspended due to the Sydney FC administration's co-operation with FFA investigations.
One month after the initial penalty, in September 2006, it was announced that the FFA would again be investigating alleged discrepancies regarding the contract of a Sydney FC player. The investigation concluded that Sydney had committed multiple breaches of the player contracting regulations: "an undisclosed payment made to a player, pre-payments from the club to players and payments made by the club to agents of the players", all of which should have been, but were not included in Sydney's declaration of player payments for 2005–06. FFA Management assessed that the severity of the breaches warranted a $259,000 fine for Sydney as well as a penalty of three competition points, but this was again reduced in consideration of Sydney's co-operation with the investigation. Sydney's final penalty was a $129,000 fine along with the deduction of three competition points (including the activation of the one point suspended penalty from the earlier breach), with a suspended automatic one point penalty should Sydney be found to be in breach of contracting regulations in 2006–07 or 2007–08. Sydney "reluctantly accepted" the decision and elected not to appeal the penalty, which left them still in second position with three premiership rounds remaining, but their gap back to Adelaide United was reduced to a single point.
Postseason
Following the completion of the A-League season, Terry Butcher resigned as Sydney FC coach. He was replaced by Branko Culina, who was appointed as interim coach for the club's AFC Champions League campaign on 13 February 2007.
Friendly matches
As part of Sydney's ACL campaign, a number of friendly matches were arranged against local clubs, and a match against the Malaysian national team. These matches were generally a part of preparations for upcoming ACL matches (as Australian clubs are not playing as regularly as other Asian domestic leagues) and also to build connections with the NSW football community.
Asian Champions League
As 2005–06 Champions, Sydney qualified for the 2007 AFC Champions League as one of the two teams representing Australia along with 2005–06 League Premiers, Adelaide United. The draw took place in Kuala Lumpur on 22 December 2006. Sydney were placed into Group E along with J.League 2006 Champions Urawa Reds, Chinese Super League 2006 Runners-up Shanghai Shenhua and Liga Indonesia 2005–06 Champions Persik Kediri.
Group matches were played from March to May 2007, each team playing each other at home and away. Sydney made an impressive start, defeating Shanghai away and holding Urawa to a draw at Aussie Stadium. A shock loss to Persik in Indonesia was followed up by a 3–0 win in Sydney two weeks later, but disappointing scoreless draws in the final two matches against Shanghai and Urawa meant Sydney finished second in their group and Urawa progressed to the next stage.
Players
Squad
Coaches: Terry Butcher, Branko Culina
Transfers in
Transfers out
Short-term signings
Team kit
Sydney retained playing strip from the previous season, supplied by Reebok, and shirt sponsorship with Healthe continued. The home and away strips were modified for the club's Asian Champions League campaign in early 2007, adding a gold trim for the tournament.
Statistics
Competitions
Overall
Preseason Challenge Cup
Group table
Matches
Results
Semi-Final
3rd-Place Playoff
A-League
League table
Matches
Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
Round 5
Round 6
Round 7
Round 8
Round 9
Round 10
Round 11
Round 12
Round 13
Round 14
Round 15
Round 16
Round 17
Round 18
Round 19
Round 20
Round 21
Finals series
Having finished fourth overall, Sydney are played third-placed Newcastle United Jets in a two-legged sudden-death match for the chance to progress to the preliminary final. Despite winning the first leg 2–1, Sydney lost the return game 2–0, losing 3–2 on aggregate and being eliminated from the finals series.
Minor Semi-Final Leg 1
Minor Semi-Final Leg 2
Postseason friendlies
References
2006–07
2006–07 A-League season by team |
20482567 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella%20nitidula | Aegopinella nitidula | Aegopinella nitidula (previously known as Retinella nitidula) is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Forsyth et al. (2001) reviews its identification and ecology.
Description
For terms see gastropod shell.
The shell is amber reddish in colour, rarely whitish. It is milky white near the umbilicus. The shell is finely striated with spiral lines producing a fine reticular pattern (less prominent than in A. pura). The apex is strongly convex with 3.5-4.5 convex and regularly increasing whorls. The last whorl is not inflated near the aperture and not descending. The aperture is slightly oblique and the umbilicus is wide. The animal is bluish grey with a lighter sole and bluish black upper tentacles.
Distribution
This species occurs in these countries amongst others:
Czech Republic
Ukraine
Great Britain
Ireland
Canada (Vancouver; introduced)
Habitat
Aegiponella nitidula prefers moderately humid to humid sites in forests, but it can occur in a wide range of habitats, for example hedges, rocks and spring areas.
References
External links
Aegopinella nitidula at Animalbase taxonomy,short description, distribution, biology,status (threats), images
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1805 |
20482572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella%20nitens | Aegopinella nitens | Aegopinella nitens is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Distribution
This species occurs in the Czech Republic, Ukraine and other countries.
References
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1831 |
20482575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella%20minor | Aegopinella minor | Aegopinella minor is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Distribution
This species occurs in the Czech Republic, Ukraine and other countries.
References
Kerney, M.P., Cameron, R.A.D. & Jungbluth, J-H. (1983). Die Landschnecken Nord- und Mitteleuropas. Ein Bestimmungsbuch für Biologen und Naturfreunde, 384 pp., 24 plates. [Summer or later]. Hamburg / Berlin (Paul Parey)
Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates. [June] [= Pensoft Series Faunistica No 87].
Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16th, 2017
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1864 |
20482576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboretum%20Vilmorin | Arboretum Vilmorin | The Arboretum Vilmorin (4 hectares) is a private arboretum located at 2 rue d'Estienne d'Orves, Verrières-le-Buisson, Essonne, Île-de-France, France. It is open by appointment only. A newer portion of the family arboretum was acquired by the municipality in 1975, and is now open to the public as the Arboretum municipal de Verrières-le-Buisson.
The arboretum is located on the site of a former hunting lodge of Louis XIV of France, acquired in 1815 by Philippe-André de Vilmorin (1776-1862), who also began today's Arboretum national des Barres in 1821. He transformed the lodge's grounds into a collection of trees and shrubs from around the world as missionaries and explorers sent specimens from the Far East, America, North Africa, Siberia, and the Caucasus. Plans for the arboretum walls are attributed to André Le Nôtre.
Today's arboretum has been tended by seven generations of the Vilmorin family, assisted in recent years by a scientific committee. At present the arboretum contains some 2,280 identified species, with major collections of Acer, Berberis, Deutzia, Euonymus, Malus, Lonicera, Philadelphus, Quercus, and Rhododendron. Specimens of interest include Carya buckleyi, Cedrus libani, Chionanthus retusus, Halesia diptera, Juglans x intermedia, Parrotia persica, Pinus bungeana, Pseudolarix amabilis, Quercus persica, Sorbus torminalis, Taxodium ascendens, and Torreya grandis.
See also
Arboretum de Pézanin
Arboretum national des Barres
List of botanical gardens in France
References
Mairie Verrières: Arboretum Vilmorin
Parcs et Jardins entry (French)
Gralon.net entry (French)
Vilmorin, Philippe Lévêque de, Hortus Vilmorianus, catalogue des plantes ligneuses et herbacées existent en 1905 dans les collections de Vilmorin et dans les cultures de Vilmorin-Andrieux et cie à Verrieres le Buisson, Verrières, 1906.
ÄH Vilmorin, ML de, and D. Bois, Fruticetum Vilmorianum: Catalogus primarius, Paris, 1904.
Liberty Hyde Bailey, The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, The Macmillan Company, 1914, page 347.
Gardens in Essonne
Vilmorin |
23579592 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Church%20of%20Christ%20in%20the%20Philippines | United Church of Christ in the Philippines | The United Church of Christ in the Philippines (Tagalog: Ang Nagkaisang Iglesia ni Cristo sa Pilipinas; Ilokano: Nagkaykaysa nga Iglesia Ni Cristo iti Filipinas) is a Christian denomination in the Philippines. Established in its present form in Malate, Manila, it resulted from the merger of the Evangelical Church of the Philippines, the Philippine Methodist Church, the Disciples of Christ, the United Evangelical Church and several independent congregations.
The United Church is a mainline Protestant group in the Philippines with around 1,500,000 members and 1,593 pastors in 2,564 congregations as of 2008. Its main office is located at 877 EDSA, West Triangle, Quezon City. Metro Manila.
History
The Evangelical Church
Presbyterian missionaries in the Philippines in April 1901 invited missionaries of other evangelical churches to a conference to discuss the possibility of working together in the proclamation of the gospel of faith alone as the only way of salvation for Filipino Catholics, Muslims and pagans. Representatives included those from the Methodist Episcopal Church, the United Brethren in Christ (UBC), the Northern Baptist Church, the Christian and Missionary Alliance, the Free Methodist Church, the British and Foreign Bible Society, the American Bible Society, and the Presbyterian Church.
The Evangelical Union was then formed on April 26, 1901. The evangelical churches agreed to call themselves “The Evangelical Church” (with the original denomination name in parenthesis below it). From 1898 to 1905 these are the mission churches joining in the agreement:
Methodists (1898, most of lowland Luzon and north of Manila)
Presbyterians (1899, Bicol, Southern Tagalog area and some parts of Central and Western Visayas)
Baptists (1900, Western Visayas)
United Brethren (1901, Mountain Province and La Union)
Christian Churches and Churches of Christ/Disciples of Christ (1901, Ilocos, Abra, and Tagalog towns)
Congregationalists (1902, Mindanao except for the western end)
Christian and Missionary Alliance (1902, Western Mindanao and Sulu Archipelago)
Manila was opened to all denominations and mission agencies. The Seventh-day Adventist Church and Protestant Episcopalians did not join because they wanted to go to parts of the archipelago allocated to other groups.
The Philippine Methodist Church
After the foundation of the Iglesia Evangelica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas (IEMELIF) by Nicolas V. Zamora, a second major split occurred in the Methodist Church on March 23, 1933. About three years before, Melecio de Armas, a prominent minister had been accused by his colleagues of immorality towards a teenage girl, a church member. At the 1932 Philippine Annual Conference, a committee found the minister guilty and recommended his expulsion from the ministry, but the minister appealed the decision to the Appellant Committee of the General Conference of the Methodist Church of Phlippines (GCMCA). This Committee decided that it does not have enough evidence against the minister, so it acquitted him—thereby overturning the decision of the Philippine Conference. This brought to everyone's attention the subordinate position of the Philippine church. Bishop Herbert Welch, at the 1933 Annual Conference, declared the matter closed, and reinstated the minister.
As a result, a group led by Samuel Stagg, pastor of the influential Central Church (now Central United Methodist Church on T.M. Kalaw), and including five other missionaries and 27 ordained Filipino ministers led by Cipriano Navarro and Melquiades Gamboa, a U.P. professor, left the church and declared themselves the General Conference of the Methodist Church in the Philippine Islands (GCMCPI). All but 41 members of Central Church left their newly dedicated gothic cathedral. This group formed the Philippine Methodist Church, with Navarro as bishop. The church financially supported the Staggs and the other missionaries who joined it. Stagg and his former members formed the Cosmopolitan Church, which became the leading congregation of the new denomination. The independent GCMCPI elected Navarro as acting General Superintendent. In 1948 the Philippine Methodist Church was a constituent part of the formation of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines.
The Evangelical Church of the Philippines
The Evangelical Church in the Philippines was formed in 1943 under the direction of the Japanese Imperial Forces. It brought together the United Evangelical Church; the Christian Churches and Churches of Christ (Disciples of Christ); the Iglesia Evangelica Unida de Cristo; the Iglesia Evangelica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas (IEMELIF) founded by Bishop Nicholas Zamora; the Iglesia Evangelica Nacional; the Philippine Methodist Church; some Seventh-day Adventists and other churches. It was the first union of churches under full Filipino leadership.
After World War II, former Presbyterians and Congregationalists reconstituted the United Evangelical Church. On the other hand, the former United Brethren in Christ, together with the Church of Christ (Disciples of Christ) and the independent congregations remained as the Evangelical Church in the Philippines. Because the Seventh-day Adventists were forced by the war to join the merger, they immediately left the Evangelical Church of the Philippines after the war.
The United Church of Christ in the Philippines
In May 1948, the United Evangelical Church, the Philippine Methodist Church, the Evangelical Church of the Philippines, some congregations of the Iglesia Evangelica Unida de Cristo, the Convention of the Churches of Christ (Disciples of Christ) of Northern Luzon, the Iglesia Evangelica Nacional and some congregations of the Iglesia Evangelica Metodista En Las Islas Filipinas (IEMELIF) joined together to form the United Church of Christ in the Philippines. Enrique Sobrepena of the United Evangelical Church served both as Bishop for Luzon and as Presiding Bishop.
This was the real culmination of the efforts of the Evangelical Union established by missionaries on April 26, 1901, to seek the evangelization of the Philippines through a common effort. In spite of the refusal of the United Methodist, Baptist and other independent evangelical churches, the UCCP was known to be the most visible sign of interdenominational and church unity in the Philippines.
In 1962, the conservative Tagalog Convention of the Churches of Christ (Disciples of Christ) decided to join the union of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines. It was proclaimed in an appropriate ceremonies at the General Assembly held in Cebu City. In 1998, Nelinda Primavera-Briones was the first woman elected as bishop of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines.
Faith and practice
The United Church of Christ in the Philippines is trinitarian and believes in the deity, humanity, and atonement of Jesus. It believes that the Bible, in both the Old and New Testaments, is the inspired Word of God and that salvation is by grace through faith, repentance and following after Christ. The United Church of Christ in the Philippines view the Christian life as one of personal faith and of serious dedication to living according to the highest Christian precepts. Each person is thus to be born again, converted into a new life, and gathered into the church community. For them, the church is essentially the result of conversion and of grace, a gathered community of committed believers. It is not the mother of Christian experience or the source (rather than the effect) of grace, as in the Roman Catholic tradition. The church is, therefore, holy only because the faith and life of its people are holy.
The UCCP traces its roots in the Protestant Reformation, when Martin Luther, John Calvin and others led the movement to reform the Christianity. This is often expressed in the "Five Solas"—God's grace alone as the only way to be reconciled to God, faith alone as the only means of receiving God's grace, Christ alone as the ground of God's saving grace, Scripture alone as the only infallible authority for belief, and God's glory alone as the ultimate purpose for the lives of men and women.
The following distinguish the UCCP from other communions:
Their concern for freedom of speech and conscience and for freedom from interference by any civil or ecclesiastical authority
The primacy they give to Scripture in matters of faith, doctrine, and morals
The authority they give to the congregation in church affairs
Their concern for establishing social justice in political, social and economic life and
Their active involvement and commitment to interdenominational activity as a protest against denominational exclusiveness.
Sacraments
The church believes that there are two sacraments only: baptism and The Lord's Supper. The church takes a neutral position on the observance of feet washing, taking into consideration the various traditions brought in by the uniting churches. The 1948: Article III Historic Faith and Message states, " We do preserve all the heritage of faith brought into the union by each of the constituent churches and hereby declare as our common faith and message: 'Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, our Lord and Saviour.'"
Baptism
The UCCP defines baptism as a sacrament of initiation into the church. They believe that baptism is not a means of salvation but a first step of obedience for the new believer. The church permits both believer's baptism and infant baptism. Infant baptism is administered only to infant children of church members as a sign of God's covenant of mercy. In recent times, infant baptism has given way to infant Pághahandóg (Filipino, “dedication“) ceremonies, thus reserving baptism for the time when the child can make a conscious decision to follow Christ. The church also recognises and accepts baptisms held in other Christian churches.
Disciples understood that baptism is a confessional expression of faith and repentance, rather than a "work" that earns salvation. Thus, they insisted that believer's baptism is necessary part of conversion and necessary for its validity. Local churches in the Tagalog and Ilocano regions established by their missionaries practice only baptism by immersion for adult initiates.
Lord's Supper
The Church believes in the symbolic presence of Jesus in the Lord's Supper (Filipino: Santa Cena, Banál na Hapunan, both meaning “Holy Supper”). They believe that it was given by Jesus Christ to his church as a way of remembering and proclaiming the sacrifice He made on the cross. It is a sacrament that contains an element of remembering and proclaiming Christ's death while at the same time looking forward to the time when they will enjoy communion with Christ in heaven. It involves solemn and serious self-examination. This includes confession of sin and repentance. Communion for them should not be received in a flippant or careless manner.It is the joyful feast of the Lord, hence, it is a celebration.
Each UCCP congregation is required to celebrate the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper once a month. In most local churches, communion is served in the first Sunday of the month. The observance of the Rite of the Last Supper of our Lord with His disciples is done every Maundy Thursday. Since the Disciples of Christ custom is to have the Lord's Supper central to every worship service, the sacrament is administered every Lord's Day.
Contemporary issues
The Church believes that every man or woman should be accepted and treated with dignity, grace, and holy love, whatever their sexual orientation (biological sex of person attracted to). In 2014, the denomination voted to adopt a policy that "means that LGBTs should not be discriminated but should be unconditionally accepted...[and] Bishop Marigza confirms the openness to ordain openly gay and lesbian church workers." In 2016, the Iloilo Ekklesia congregation in Mandurriao, Iloilo City, held the Church’s first LGBT-themed worship service.
The Church has also allowed the ordination of women with full rights of clergy based on biblical principle: "There is no longer Jew or Greek, there is no longer slave or free, there is no longer male and female; for all of you are one in Christ Jesus." The UCCP, along with some other evangelical Churches, holds that when the historical contexts involved are understood, a coherent Biblical argument can be made in favor of women's ordination.
Worship services
UCCP local churches typically have worship services three times a week: Sunday morning, Sunday evening, and Wednesday evening. Each local congregation has a great deal of freedom in the style and ordering of worship, and therefore services vary among different churches. The order may be very traditional and highly liturgical, or it may be very simple and informal.
Music plays a large role in most UCCP worship services, and ranges from chant to traditional Protestant hymns, to classical sacred music, to more modern music, depending on the preference of the local church. Scripture is read and usually preached upon, and an offering is usually collected. Services are often focused toward a time of prayer and commitment at the end of the sermon. Over the last ten years, an increasing number of UCCP churches have utilized contemporary worship services as their worship style. This may involve the use of a projector to display song, drums and electronic piano, clapping of hands, tambourine dance and raising of hands. More traditional UCCP churches use hymnals and may have a song leader or music director who directs congregational singing from the pulpit.
Mission, evangelism, and social concern
The United Church of Christ in the Philippines has, historically, been a leading Protestant denomination in mission work. A vital part of the world mission emphasis of the denomination is building and maintaining relationships with Evangelical, Protestant and other churches around the world. Connection between evangelism and social concern was maintained by the UCCP. In 1952, the UCCP established the UCCP National Federation of Credit Unions to aid farmers. They also issued a Resolution Condemning Gambling and Liquor. Sobrepena approved, a relationship between the UCCP and the Orient Crusades (OC) International - Philippine Crusades. OC entered the Philippines agreeing to work in cooperation with UCCP leaders, to prepare converts for membership in the UCCP, and to avoid controversial doctrinal issues. They focused on mass evangelism and witness to students, and used film showings such as King of Kings to make contacts. Interested seekers availed of Bible correspondence courses. Sobrepena held mass evangelistic campaigns—notably in Laoag in November 1955, with the OC cooperation.
In 1973 to 1986, local churches allowed American missionaries from the Youth With A Mission to reorganize Sunday Schools and set up Sunday school programs. This international, interdenominational Christian missionary organization also promoted Christian movies in secular theaters throughout the archipelago. Many Filipinos from this time are in full-time Christian service today or are productive Christians. In addition, a number of indigenous churches were established among squatter communities in Metro Manila, in Baguio and villages in the Cordilleras. Then the Philippine Campus Crusade for Christ, also an international interdenominational movement came in and started the evangelistic movement in the church that started the increase in church attendance and membership.
Some local churches, joined international fellowship such as the Covenant Global Church. Other churches involved themselves into the Evangelism Explosion, a ministry that trains people how to share their faith in Christ.
The United Church of Christ in the Philippines in Baguio City is an active member of the Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches (PCEC) . PCEC is the largest network of denominations, churches, mission groups and para-church organizations in the Philippines being involve in evangelism and defending the fundamental evangelical Christian faith.
Seminaries and affiliated institutions
The denomination maintains affiliations with seminaries in the Philippines. These are:
College of Theology of Northern Christian College in Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
College of Theology of Southern Christian College in Midsayap, Cotabato
Divinity School at Silliman University in Dumaguete City, Oriental Negros
Ecumenical Theological Seminary in Baguio City
Pag-asa School of Theology of Brokenshire College in Davao City
Union Theological Seminary in Dasmarinas, Cavite (in partnership with the United Methodist Church)
Universities and colleges
Apayao Community Learning Center in Kabugao, Apayao
Brokenshire College in Davao City
College of Maasin in Southern Leyte
Dansalan College Foundation in Marawi City, Lanao del Sur
Farmers Institute in Bonifacio, Misamis Occidental
Ifugao Academy in Kiangan, Ifugao
Jimenez Bethel Institute in Jimenez, Misamis Occidental
Kalinga Academy in Lubuagan, Kalinga
National Heroes Institute in Kananga, Leyte
Northern Christian College in Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Philippine Christian University in Malate, Manila (in partnership with the United Methodist Church)
St. Tonis College in Tabuk, Kalinga
Silliman University in Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Southern Christian College in Midsayap, Cotabato
Tabuk Institute, Kalinga
Union Christian College in San Fernando City, La Union
United Institute, Inc. in Daraga, Albay
Pilgrim Christian College, Cagayan de Oro City
Hinunangan Bethel Christian School, - Hinunangan, Southern Leyte
Mindanao Institute, Cabadbaran, Agusan del Norte
Affiliated health care institutions
Bethany Hospital in San Fernando, La Union
Bethany Hospital in Tacloban, Leyte
Brokenshire Integrated Health Ministries in Davao City
Silliman University Medical Center Foundation Inc. in Dumaguete City, Oriental Negros
Visayas Community Medical Center in Cebu City
Affiliated service institutions
CONDORA in Damortis, La Union
Haran House in Davao City
NLJA Peace Center
Shalom Center in Malate, Manila
UCCP CENDET (Center for Education and Development) in Cebu City
Partners in Mission
The UCCP is a member of the National Council of Churches in the Philippines. Currently, the UCCP has covenant relations with the Iglesia Filipina Independiente and the Iglesia Unida Ekyumenikal.
Aside from this, the UCCP is a member and have partnership relation with international religious organizations.
World and Continental Church Bodies
World Council of Churches
World Alliance of Reformed Churches
World Methodist Council
Church Mission Society
Christian Conference of Asia
Sister-church relationships are held with the following churches abroad which hold to similar doctrine and practice.
North America
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)
Presbyterian Church (USA)
Reformed Church of America
United Methodist Church
United Church of Christ
United Church of Canada
Asia and Australia
Presbyterian Church of Korea
Presbyterian Church of the Republic of Korea
Presbyterian Church in Taiwan
Uniting Church in Australia
United Church of Christ in Japan
Europe
Evangelical Church in Rhineland
United Evangelical Mission
Equmeniakyrkan Sverige (Uniting Church in Sweden)
Prominent members
Fidel V. Ramos, former Philippine president (Philippine Methodist)
Jovito Salonga, former President of the Senate of the Philippines. (Presbyterian)
Sonny Belmonte, Speaker of the House of Representatives, former Mayor of Quezon City (Philippine Methodist)
Betty Go-Belmonte, founder of the Philippine Star newspaper (Philippine Methodist)
Rufino Macagba Sr., founder of Lorma Medical Center (Evangelical United Brethren)
Crispina Lorenzana - Macagba, co-founder of Lorma Medical Center (Evangelical United Brethren)
Leticia Ramos-Shahani, first female President Pro Tempore in the history of the Philippine Senate
Narciso Ramos, former secretary of the Philippine Department of Foreign Affairs (Philippine Methodist)
Camilo Osías, former President of the Senate of the Philippines. (Evangelical United Brethren)
Neptali Gonzales, former Philippine senator
Juan Flavier, former Philippine senator
Cynthia A. Villar, former representative of the Lone District of Las Piñas and now Philippine Senator
Orly Mercado, former Philippine senator and former RPN 9 President and general manager (now hosting "Orly Mercado: All Ready" at Radyo5 92.3 News FM)
Amelita Ramos, former Philippine first lady (Philippine Methodist)
William Padolina, President of National Academy of Science and Technology, former Secretary of Department of Science and Technology,
Ricardo Gloria, former Secretary of Department of Education, former Secretary of Department of Science and Technology
Benito Vergara, a national scientist
Teodoro Rafael Yangco, father of the YMCA of the Philippines
Angel C. Alcala, Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Public Service and former Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Perfecto Yasay Jr., former Secretary of Foreign Affairs and former Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission
Leonor M. Briones, Secretary of Education and former National Treasurer of the Republic of the Philippines
Prominent former members
Felix Manalo, pastor and evangelist of the Disciples of Christ. Subsequently, left and became the first Executive Minister of the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ).
See also
Protestantism in the Philippines
National Council of Churches in the Philippines
Notes
References
External links
Official Website of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Christian denominations in the Philippines
United and uniting churches
Members of the World Communion of Reformed Churches
Members of the World Council of Churches
Reformed denominations in the Philippines
Presbyterian denominations established in the 20th century
Methodist denominations established in the 20th century
Congregationalist denominations
Christian organizations established in 1948
Evangelical denominations in Asia
1948 establishments in the Philippines |
20482578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegopinella%20epipedostoma | Aegopinella epipedostoma | Aegopinella epipedostoma is a species of small land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Gastrodontidae, the glass snails.
Subspecies
Aegopinella epipedostoma epipedostoma (Fagot, 1879)
Aegopinella epipedostoma iuncta Hudec, 1964
Distribution
This species occurs in the Czech Republic, Ukraine and other countries.
References
Kerney, M.P., Cameron, R.A.D. & Jungbluth, J-H. (1983). Die Landschnecken Nord- und Mitteleuropas. Ein Bestimmungsbuch für Biologen und Naturfreunde, 384 pp., 24 plates. [Summer or later]. Hamburg / Berlin (Paul Parey).
Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates. [June] [= Pensoft Series Faunistica No 87].
Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16, 2017
Gastrodontidae
Gastropods described in 1879 |
6909365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir%20stag | Kashmir stag | The Kashmir stag (Cervus hanglu hanglu), also called hangul, is a subspecies of Central Asian red deer endemic to Kashmir and surrounding areas. It is found in dense riverine forests in the high valleys and mountains of Jammu and Kashmir and northern Himachal Pradesh. In Kashmir, it is found primarily in the Dachigam National Park where it receives protection, and elsewhere it is more at risk. In the 1941s, the population was between 3000 and 5000 individuals, but since then habitat destruction, over-grazing by domestic livestock and poaching have reduced population dramatically. Earlier believed to be a subspecies of red deer (Cervus elaphus), a number of mitochondrial DNA genetic studies later had the hangul as a part of the Asian clade of the elk (Cervus canadensis). The IUCN and American Society of Mammalogists, however, includes it in the new grouping of Central Asian red deer (Cervus hanglu), with the Kashmir stag being the type subspecies (Cervus hanglu hanglu). According to the census in 2019, there were only 237 hanguls.
Appearance
This deer has a light rump patch without including the tail. Its coat color is brown with a speckling to the hairs. The inner sides of the buttocks are greyish white, followed by a line on the inner sides of the thighs and black on the upper side of the tail. Each antler consists of five tines. The beam is strongly curved inward, while the brow and bez tines are usually close together and above the burr.
Distribution and ecology
This deer lives in groups of two to 18 individuals in dense riverine forests, high valleys, and mountains of the Kashmir valley and northern Chamba in Himachal Pradesh. In Kashmir, it's found in the Dachigam National Park (and its nearby areas at elevations of 3,035 meters), Rajparian Wildlife Sanctuary, Overa Aru, Sind Valley, and in the forests of Kishtwar & Bhaderwah.
Threats and conservation
These deer once numbered from about 5,000 animals in the beginning of the 20th century. Unfortunately, they were threatened, due to habitat destruction, over-grazing by domestic livestock, and poaching. This dwindled to as low as 150 animals by 1970. However, the state of Jammu & Kashmir, along with the IUCN and the WWF prepared a project for the protection of these animals. It became known as Project Hangul. This brought great results and the population increased to over 340 by 1980.
Much of the earlier published material was by the distinguished E. P. Gee, a member of the Bombay Natural History Society. Shortly before the expedition was mounted, Fiona Guinness and Tim Clutton-Brock, both noted deer experts, had visited Kashmir and had gathered some useful field data, which confirmed that Hangul numbers were at a dangerously low level. The traditional breeding grounds of the hangul deer is upper danchigam, which is now occupied by Gujar shepherds and their dogs in summer (refer the book a life with wildlife by M.K.Ranjitsinh)
The subspecies is battling for its survival in its last bastion: they are now scattered within 141 km2 of the Dachigam National Park located on foothills of Zabarwan range on the outskirts of Srinagar. Known for its magnificent antlers with 11 to 16 points, hangul was once distributed widely in the mountains of Kashmir. During the 1940s, their number was believed to be about 3,000-5,000. In the year 2004 there were 197 (sex ratio of 19 for 100 females and 23 fawns for 100 females) Hanguls which reduced to 153 in 2006 (sex ratio of 21 males for 100 females and 9 fawns for 100 females). As per the census in 2008, only around 160 exist. In 2015,the Hangul population estimation exercise was conducted in which the count of Hanguls in and around their habitats in Kashmir valley is just 186. There are plans to breed them in captivity to increase their chances of survival.
A survey in 2019 conducted by collaring the hangul has revealed that the species is no longer confined within the walls of Dachigam National Park. The endangered subspecies has now began to use an old migratory route which spread through Sind Valley up to Tulail in Gurez Valley. The corridor was last known to be active in the early 1900s.
Population
References
External links
Rare Kashmiri deer on verge of extinction, 12 May, 2008, REUTERS; The Economic Times, Times of India
Endangered Hangul spotted in many parts of Kashmir, 5 May 2008, PTI, Times of India
Wildlife institute wants larger area for Hangul deer, April 09, 2008, Aditya V Singh, The Indian Express
Fauna of Jammu and Kashmir
Fauna of Himachal Pradesh |
6909369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River%20Valley%20Charter%20School | River Valley Charter School | River Valley Charter School is a charter junior high/high school established in 1996 in Lakeside, California. It is a part of the Lakeside Union School District, LUSD. It is based on a partial-independent study program, in which most students attend two class days per week. As much as 50% of the River Valley students come from home-school backgrounds. River Valley has been fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges since 2002.
Academics
River Valley Charter School has a history of high-academic performance. For several years, River Valley High has had the highest API (Academic Performance Index) score in its county. In 2015, the score was 932, placing the school in the top 10% for the statewide rankings and being ranked the 94th overall school in the country.
Core classes include: Math, Science, History and English.
Extra-Curricular activities
Extracurricular activities include: Spanish I and II, Girls and Boys Soccer, Track, and Cross Country teams, Swim team, Girls Volleyball, Associated Student Body, Visual Arts, Photography and Yearbook.
Rankings
US News 2010 Best High Schools: Ranked Silver
GreatSchools.org: Among only a few schools in California to receive a distinguished GreatSchools Rating of 10 out of 10 with an average Parent Rating of 5 out of 5 stars, based on reviews from 22 parents.
Newsweek America's Top High Schools 2015: Ranked 94th. As of 2021, River Valley Charter School is ranked as the #8 school in the San Diego, CA Metro Area High Schools.
References
External links
Rivervalleyhigh.org
High schools in San Diego County, California
Charter schools in California
Public high schools in California
Public middle schools in California
1996 establishments in California |
44506145 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Jupiter%20trojans%20%28Trojan%20camp%29%20%28200001%E2%80%93300000%29 | List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp) (200001–300000) | This is a partial list of Jupiter's trojans (60° behind Jupiter) with numbers 200001–300000 .
200001–300000
This list contains 269 objects sorted in numerical order.
top
References
Trojan_2
Jupiter Trojans (Trojan Camp) |
20482585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20BlackSheeps | The BlackSheeps | The BlackSheeps was a Norwegian Sami band from Nesseby. Their breakthrough came following their participation in the MGP jr, a song contest for children organised by Norwegian state broadcaster NRK. Having won MGP jr 2008 with the song Oro jaska, beana (Be Quiet, Dog) the group went on to represent Norway in the MGP Nordic 2008. They also won this competition after receiving more than half the votes. The band was recently the subject of a legal dispute over the dismissal of two band members, unpaid royalties, and the right to use the band name. However, it was ruled that the band still holds the right to the name, and former band members Alexander Touryguin and Viktoria Eriksen are not owed any money.
Career
The group was formed in 2008 by singer Agnete Johnsen, guitarist Emelie Nilsen, bassist Alexander Touryguin, and drummer Viktoria Eriksen. On June 2, 2007, the group participated in Melodi Grand Prix Junior 2008 with their song "Oro, Jaska, Beana." The group won the contest and went on to represent Norway in MGP Nordic 2008. On November 29, 2008, the group won MGP Nordic 2008 after receiving more than half of the votes. "Oro, Jaska, Beana" reached #1 in the Norwegian Singles Charts afterwards. In June 2010, Touryguin and Eriksen were dismissed from the band and were replaced by Nikolaj Gloppen and Simon Stenvoll Pedersen respectively. In 2011, the band participated in Melodi Grand Prix 2011, with their song "Dance Tonight." They ultimately came 2nd place, losing out to the song "Haba Haba" by Stella Mwangi. The band became the subject of a legal dispute over the dismissal of Touryguin and Eriksen, unpaid royalties and the right to use the band name. However, it was recently ruled that the band still holds the right to the name, and Touryguin and Eriksen are not owed any money.
Personnel
Current members
Agnete Johnsen (born July 4, 1994) – Vocals
Nikolaj Gloppen (born 1992) - Bass
Simon Stenvoll Pedersen (born 1992) – Drums
Emelie Nilsen (born March 29, 1993) – Guitar
Former members
Alexander Touryguin (born October 16, 1993) – Bass
Viktoria Eriksen (born July 6, 1993) – Drums
Discography
Albums
Singles
Trivia
In a live chat on the website of Norwegian newspaper VG, the group was confronted with the grammatical incorrectness of their name. The group said they were aware that “sheeps” was not the correct plural form but contended that this did not matter. “Many bands have spelling mistakes in their name, such as The Beatles. Remember it’s just a band name, so anything works,” was their reply.
References
Official website
http://www.blacksheeps.no/
Norwegian pop music groups
Melodi Grand Prix contestants
Melodi Grand Prix Junior contestants
Musical groups established in 2008
2008 establishments in Norway
Musical groups from Finnmark |
23579611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20End%20AFC | West End AFC | West End AFC is an association football club in Timaru, New Zealand. The team home ground is West End Park, Timaru and they play in the South Canterbury 1st Division as well as enter into the National Chatham Cup.
West End AFC entered the Chatham Cup for the first time in 2009, completing a 9–0 win in their first game against Redemption before they lost to Queenstown 1–8 in the next round. West End did not enter the Chatham Cup again until 2014, where they again won their first game, this time against Southend United, before they went out in the second round against Pleasant Point. They have then completed in 2015 and 2016.
In 2017, West End entered again, first winning against Timaru Thistle in the qualifying round, then following it up with a 5–2 win over Queens Park in the first round, setting them up for a round 2 clash with Southern Premier League team Dunedin Technical. However they would go on to lose 6–0 to the higher placed team. In 2018 West End again could not get past the second round. Finally in the 2019 Chatham Cup they made the third round after winning against Mornington then Gore Wanderers on penalties, they lost to Mosgiel 5–0. However it was discovered that Mosgiel had fielded an ineligible player so New Zealand Football overturned the result and awarded the 3–0 win to West End. The reprieve was short-lived however, losing their next match 1–7 to Roslyn-Wakari. With no Chatham Cup in 2020, West End are continuing their streak of entering each year by participating in the 2021 Chatham Cup.
They are the largest junior club in South Canterbury with over 30 junior teams.
West End won the South Canterbury leave a number of times in the 1950s and 1960s, most notably four times in a row from 1964 to 1967. They won the title again in 1989, following it up with three more titles in a four-year period in the 1990s. It was then another 18 years before they won another South Canterbury title in 2017, beating Thistle in the final double header round completing the season with only one loss, then in 2018 going back to back.
References
External links
Facebook Page
Association football clubs in New Zealand
Sport in Timaru |
20482594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christo%27s%20Valley%20Curtain | Christo's Valley Curtain | Christo's Valley Curtain is a 1974 American short documentary film directed by Albert and David Maysles, about Christo and Jeanne-Claude's Valley Curtain project.
Accolades
It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
References
External links
Christo’s Valley Curtain at Maysles Films
The Screen: 'Christo's Valley Curtain' Is a Real Tall Story-New York Times review by Vincent Canby
1974 films
1970s short documentary films
American short documentary films
English-language films
Documentary films about visual artists
Films directed by Albert and David Maysles
Films set in Colorado
Films shot in Colorado
Documentary films about Colorado |
20482603 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aime%20M%C3%A4emets | Aime Mäemets | Aime Mäemets (29 September 1930 - 17 July 1996) was an Estonian botanist and hydrobiologist. She conducted considerable research into Lake Peipsi and was known for her study of Macrophytes. She finished University of Tartu in 1954. From 1961 to 1996 she worked in Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany and was a well-known specialist of Potamogetonaceae plants.
External links
Lake Peipsi study
20th-century Estonian botanists
Estonian microbiologists
1930 births
1996 deaths
University of Tartu alumni
Women microbiologists
20th-century Estonian women scientists |
20482610 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegrafverket | Telegrafverket | Telegrafverket may refer to:
A former name of Televerket (Sweden)
A former name of Telenor |
23579618 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Nun%20and%20the%20Sergeant | The Nun and the Sergeant | The Nun and the Sergeant is a 1962 Korean War drama starring Anna Sten and Robert Webber in the title roles. It was produced by Sten's husband Eugene Frenke, who had produced the 1957 film Heaven Knows, Mr Allison, also a pairing of a Catholic nun and a U.S. Marine. It was directed by Franklin Adreon and released through United Artists.
Plot
In a forerunner of The Dirty Dozen, Marine Gunnery Sergeant McGrath (Robert Webber) takes 12 Marines from the brig and trains them to blow up a tunnel behind North Korean lines. McGrath's only friend on the patrol is his Korean guide Pak (Dale Ishimoto). Hating their sergeant, the Marines plan to return to their lines without him, seeing that he becomes "a casualty of war". However, en route to their target they find an injured nun (Anna Sten) and a group of Korean convent girls whose bus has been destroyed.
The Marines change their views when Sgt. McGrath protects the group. When one of their squad (Leo Gordon) attempts to rape one of the young girls, the brig rats turn against him.<ref>p.50 Projansky, Sarah Watching Rape: Film and Television in Post Feminist Culture 2001 NYU Press</ref> They proceed with their mission as Marines.
Cast
Robert Webber as Sgt. McGrath
Anna Sten as Nun
Leo Gordon as Dockman
Hari Rhodes as Hall
Robert Easton as Nupert
Dale Ishimoto as Pak
Linda Wong as Bok Soon
Linda Ho as Soon Cha
Tod Windsor as Nevins
Valentin de Vargas as Rivas
Ken Miller as Quill
Norman Dupont as Mossback
Roger Torrey as Turnbridge
Gregori F. Kris as Johnson
Caroline Kido as Myung Hee
Production
Don Cerveris was an English teacher breaking into screenwriting; one of his pupils was Frank Zappa. Producer Frenke sought Department of Defense cooperation for the film in 1960 when the project was originally titled The Nun and McGrath''. The stars of the film, Robert Webber and Hari Rhodes, and director Franklin Adreon were former Marines.
Notes
External links
1962 films
Korean War films
English-language films
Films about the United States Marine Corps
War adventure films
Films about Catholicism
Films about religion
Nuns in fiction
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Franklin Adreon
Films scored by Jerry Fielding |
20482611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jushi%20Kingdom | Jushi Kingdom | The Jushi (), or Gushi (), were a people who established a kingdom during the 1st millennium BC in the Turpan basin (modern Xinjiang, China). The kingdom included the area of Ayding Lake, in the eastern Tian Shan range. During the late 2nd and early 1st century BC, the area was increasingly dominated by the Han Dynasty and the northern neighbours of the Jushi, the Xiongnu, and became one of the many minor states of the Western Regions of Han dynasty China. The Jushi capital (Jiaohe, later known as Yarkhoto, and Yarghul) was destroyed in a Mongol attack in the 13th century.
They may have been one of the Tocharian peoples and spoken one of the associated languages.
Historical accounts
According to J. P. Mallory and Victor H. Mair, the earliest accounts of the Jushi report them to have "lived in tents, followed the grasses and waters, and had considerable knowledge of agriculture. They owned cattle, horses, camels, sheep and goats. They were proficient with bows and arrows".
Jushi and the kingdom of Krorän were linked in the account of Zhang Qian (d. 113 BC), in part because both were under the control of the Xiongnu.
In or about 60 BC, the Han—ruled at the time by Emperor Xuan—defeated Xiongnu forces at the Battle of Jushi, during the Han–Xiongnu War. Afterwards the main part of the Jushi lands was divided into two states: a southern area controlled by the Han, who referred to it as “Nearer Jushi” (or "Anterior Jushi"), and a northern area known to the Han as “Further Jushi" (or "Posterior Jushi") that was dominated by the Xiongnu. Nearer Jushi was administered by the Han from a capital at Jiaohe (16 kilometres west of the site of modern Turpan). The capital of Further Jushi appears to have been called Yuli or Yulai, and was located about 10 km north of Jimasa, 200 km north of Jiaohe. The Jushi never regained their independence.
Archaeology
A 2,700-year-old grave discovered in 2008 at the Yanghai Tombs, an ancient cemetery (54,000 m2 in area), has been attributed to the Jushi or a precursor culture. The remains belonged probably to an shaman. Near the shaman's head and foot were a large leather basket and wooden bowl filled with 789 grams of dried cannabis, superbly preserved by climatic and burial conditions. An international team demonstrated that this material contained tetrahydrocannabinol, the psychoactive component of cannabis. The cannabis was clearly "cultivated for psychoactive purposes," rather than as fibre for clothing or as food. It may have been employed as a medicinal agent, or an aid to divination. This is the oldest known use of cannabis as a pharmacological agent. The extremely dry conditions and alkaline soil acted as preservatives, allowing a team of scientists to carefully analyze the stash, which still looked green though it had lost its distinctive odour.
See also
Tarim mummies
References
Citations
Sources
Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. .
Hulsewé, A. F. P. (1979). China in Central Asia: The Early Stage 125 BC – AD 23: an annotated translation of chapters 61 and 96 of the History of the Former Han Dynasty. E. J. Brill, Leiden. .
External links
The Kingdom of Nearer
shaman and graveyard found
Former countries in Chinese history
Tarim mummies
History of Xinjiang
Cannabis in China
Han dynasty |
6909372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gao%20Hongbo | Gao Hongbo | Gao Hongbo (; born January 25, 1966 in Beijing) is a retired Chinese football striker and head coach of China League One side Beijing Enterprises. He previously managed the China national football team from 2009 to 2011, and in 2016. Appointed in May 2009, Gao became the youngest man to take the helm in 30 years.
Gao was a big name in his professional life as a footballer. Nicknamed Albert Einstein on the pitch, he was a prolific striker who was famous for his agility in the box and fine ability in finishing. In 1998, he started his coaching career with several Chinese clubs. He was also an assistant of Dutchman Arie Haan in the Chinese national football team between 2002 and 2004. Gao made a big achievement as a coach in 2007, as he led Changchun Yatai to take the title of the CSL. In April 2009, he became the head coach of the Chinese national football team but was sacked in August 2011 and replaced by José Antonio Camacho. Gao returned as the head coach of the national football team in February 2016.
Playing career
Club career
Born in a Hui family in Beijing, Gao was discovered and coached by Xu Genbao in the Beijing sports school. A talented youngster he would then join the Beijing Youth Football Team in 1981 where after several years he would be promoted to the senior Beijing team (now Beijing Guoan) in 1985. With them he would gradually establish himself within the team, yet it wasn't until Beijing were in the second tier and won promotion in 1990 that Gao Hongbo would rise to prominence. Once in the top tier, his career would flourish and by the early 1990s Gao had become an integral member within the team where he would personally win the golden ball and golden boot award despite not winning a major trophy. In 1994, he left the team to play in Singapore for Tiong Bahru CSC citing the difficulty to pass the physical standard test of the Chinese Football Association.
After winning the best scorer in Singapore's FAS Premier League with Tiong Bahru in 1994, Gao Hongbo would return to the newly formed fully professional Beijing Guoan club and would immediately make in impact when he scored 21 times in the following two years. After winning the Chinese FA Cup in 1996, he left Beijing Guoan and would join Guangzhou Songri in the second tier where he would reteam with previous coach Xu Genbao and help the club win promotion to the top tier in 1997 when he led the league in scoring with 18 goals. Already offered an assistant coach position at the club before the 1998 league season he would officially retire from playing when the season finished.
International career
He would make his senior debut on April 4, 1992 as a substitute in a friendly against USA in a game where China lost 5–0 to achieve their biggest recorded defeat. Despite the defeat he would still be included in the squad that took part in qualification for the 1992 AFC Asian Cup where he even scored his debut goal against Malaysia on April 23, 1992. When China qualified he would be included in the squad that would come third in the tournament, however it was in the 1994 qualification process for the World Cup that saw Gao Hongbo establish himself as a prominent member of the Chinese squad but despite his best efforts he was unable to help them qualify. After several years out of the team, new manager Bobby Houghton would bring Gao back in to play several friendlies and a World Cup Qualifier against Vietnam that China won 3–1 on May 25, 1997 which was to be his last game before he retired.
Management career
Guangzhou Songri
Xu Genbao would appoint Gao Hongbo as his assistant player coach when he signed him in the 1997 league season before he left the team to coach the defending champions Dalian Wanda. The next season saw him replaced by Edson Tavares and Gao remain as his assistant; however, Aristeu Tavares left Guangzhou Songri at the end of the 1998 league season and Gao Hongbo went on to succeed him as the head coach of the team at the beginning of the 1999 league season at the age of 33. He would, however quickly run into trouble with his players and would leave the club after only 11 matches despite having a decent start to the season and he would go abroad to study coaching. He studied in several clubs in London and Southampton, and his long-time teammate Yang Chen invited him to study in Germany as well.
China U-17
After several months of studying, Gao Hongbo was appointed the coach of the national U-17 team. Although the team eliminated South Korea despite of Koreaphobia and qualified from group stage in the AFC U-17 Championship 2000, the 1–7 defeat to Japan essentially ended his job.
After the game, Gao Hongbo resigned from the national post and returned to help Xu Genbao in coaching Shanghai Zhongyuan. This duo again won the promotion to Jia A and left the club together in 2002.
Gao Hongbo worked as an assistant coach in the national team between 2003 and 2004. After Wu Jingui, the coach of the new champion Shanghai Shenhua, was introduced to the national team, he left the team to coach Xiamen Hongshi.
Xiamen Hongshi
Gao Hongbo's career in Xiamen was a surprising success and he was able to transform Xiamen Hongshi into potential promotion contenders when he was able to take them to third within 2004 second tier. The following season would see them actually win the table and promotion into the 2005 Chinese Super League.
Changchun Yatai
He led Changchun Yatai as League Champions in 2007. Gao was dismissed by Changchun in 2008 as the club struggled to repeat their form of the previous season.
China
On April 16, 2009, Gao signed a contract as Head Coach from the China national football team. Serbian Vladimir Petrovic was the last full-time coach but his contract was not renewed after China was eliminated from the qualifiers for the 2010 World Cup in South Africa. Gao is the first Chinese national team coach that was chosen through an open selection procedure, which included four other candidates: Wu Jingui (former Shanghai Shenghua coach), Yin Tiesheng (previous temporary caretaker manager) and Shen Xiangfu (under-23 team coach). His arrival saw China opting for a new strategy, turning towards ground passing tactics and adopting the 4–2–3–1 formation. It was noted that Chinese footballers had relied too heavily on the long balls and header strategy for almost a decade. Above all, Wei Di, the chief of the Chinese Football Association, stressed that, "Anytime, no matter win or loss, they must show their team spirit and courage. I hope, after one year's effort, the national team can give the public a new image."
In his debut as manager, China drew 1–1 with Germany in Shanghai on May 29, 2009. China defeated Iran 1–0 in a friendly match just three days later. With the two positive results against Germany and Iran, hopes have been raised amongst Chinese fans that Hongbo will lead the national team into a new, more prosperous era.
With the 2010 World Cup qualification passed, Gao was tasked with securing qualification for the 2011 Asian Cup.
Under Gao, China were able to gain 13 points in the Asian Cup qualifications for 2011. In January 2010, Gao secured qualification for the 2011 Asia Cup and has set the goal of winning the tournament to be held in January 2011. This led to a revival in interest amongst some Chinese football fans, as China had also won 1–0 against France in June 2010, as well as holding World Cup quarter finalsts Paraguay to a 1–1 draw in September 2010. Some of them were even thinking that reaching the semi finals of the Asian Cup was possible.
In February 2010, he led the national team to win the East Asian Football Championship. China held hosts Japan to a goalless draw before stunning South Korea 3–0 in their first victory over the Koreans. China in their final game won against Hong Kong 2–0.
In January 2011, he led the national team to the 2011 Asian Cup in Qatar. However, after a good opening game victory over Kuwait, China went on to lose to the hosts in their second match. This required them to beat their final opponents Uzbekistan in order to have a chance to move on into the second round. They only managed a 2–2 draw and thus, bowed out of the tournament in the first round. Despite this, they did earn 4 points for their win and draw and given that they had a young team whose average age was 23, this was a promising performance. However, this led to some discontent amongst Chinese fans, plus it also seems that this was the reason that eventually led to the replacement of Gao by the CFA. Although Gao's winning percentage (65%) was the highest for a Chinese manager since Nian Weisi (67.86%), and has not been defeated since the end of the Asian Cup in 2011 (6 wins, 2 draws), this was still not enough to convince the CFA of replacing him. Despite the Chinese Football Federation announcing that Gao would not be fired, after China's Asian Cup exit, on August 13, 2011, he was officially sacked and replaced by José Antonio Camacho, less than a month before the World Cup qualifiers for 2014.
But corruption still remains a problem in Chinese football, and in 2010, Wei admitted that recently, "Chinese football has degraded to an intolerable level. It has hurt the feelings of fans and Chinese people at large," he added that he was confident in being able to aid Chinese men's and women's football return to the leading status in Asia and world respectively in future. Wei pointed out six major problems which had caused the "huge slump" of Chinese football in the past few years, while he dissected the dwindling pool of young player selection as being a big problem along with unhealthy professional leagues affected by gambling and match fixing scandals.
Shaanxi Renhe
On September 24, 2011, Gao became the head coach of Shaanxi Chanba.
ADO Den Haag
In September 2015, Gao was appointed as the assistant to manager Henk Fräser at Eredivisie side ADO Den Haag, a Dutch football team owned by Chinese Sports Marketing Company United Vansen.
China (2nd time)
After Alain Perrin was sacked for China's poor performance at the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification, Gao volunteered himself to be the next head coach, stating that it was his mission as a football coach to help the national team when it needs help. He was appointed the team's coach on 3 February 2016. In his first two matches, and also China's last matches to qualify for the last round of 2018 FIFA World Cup, Gao Hongbo and the Team Dragon created one of the most miraculous stories in their qualification history. China continued their journey by beating Maldives 4–0 at home; therefore they took the second position back from Hong Kong due to Qatar's 2–0 win over Hong Kong. In the last match, China must win Qatar while waiting North Korea, Jordan, Syria, Oman, the UAE and Iraq (Kuwait is being banned) to fail to defend their positions. China beat Qatar 2–0, and due to Socceroos's 5–1 thrash over Jordan and North Korea's shocking 2–3 loss to the Philippines, China managed to qualify to the last round of the 2018 World Cup qualification in Asian zone, as the last of top four teams. They also earned a ticket to qualify direct to the 2019 AFC Asian Cup held in the UAE. Later, Oman also failed to defend their positions after losing 0–2 to Iran. Gao resigned on 11 October 2016 after losing to Syria 1–0 and Uzbekistan 2–0 respectively in the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC Third Round.
Career statistics
Managerial statistics
Honours
Player
Tiong Bahru CSC
President's Cup: 1994
Beijing Guoan
Chinese FA Cup: 1996
Manager
Xiamen Hongshi
China League One: 2005
Changchun Yatai
Chinese Super League: 2007
China PR national football team
East Asian Football Championship: 2010
References
External links
1966 births
Living people
Chinese footballers
Hui sportspeople
Beijing Guoan F.C. players
China international footballers
Chinese football managers
Chinese expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Singapore
1992 AFC Asian Cup players
2011 AFC Asian Cup managers
Footballers from Beijing
Association football forwards
China national football team managers
Changchun Yatai F.C. managers
Beijing Renhe F.C. managers
Shanghai Port F.C. managers
Jiangsu F.C. managers
Tanjong Pagar United FC players
Chinese Super League managers
Chinese expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Chinese expatriate sportspeople in Singapore |
23579628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%20Man%27s%20Land%2C%20Illinois | No Man's Land, Illinois | No Man's Land, Illinois was never an official place name, but has been used to refer to at least two areas that fit the broader meaning of No man's land.
Wilmette
Most commonly, the term was used to refer to a small unincorporated area north of Chicago on Sheridan Road, along the shore of Lake Michigan. It was bordered by the exclusive North Shore suburbs of Wilmette, on the south and west, and by Kenilworth on the north. Undeveloped for nearly a century after the first settlement of the area, no neighboring municipality wanted to annex it, and it became a haven for shady activities.
In the 1920s, a developer envisioned and began construction of a planned club and beach hotel complex to be called "Vista Del Lago" (Spanish for "Lakeview"). The club was actually built, in a Moorish Revival architectural style, on the west side of Sheridan Road, but the Great Depression prevented completion of the hotel. In 1928, one of the earlier automobile-oriented shopping centers, Spanish Court, opened adjacent to the club.
The lack of development on the east side of the road, coupled with the club's location in a relatively lawless unincorporated area, led to a state legislator in the 1930s terming No Man's Land "a slot machine and keno sin center where college students were being debauched with beer, hard liquor and firecrackers." In 1942, after decades of disputed ownership and legal wrangling, the area was annexed by the village of Wilmette. The club burned down shortly thereafter. The area is now the home of the Plaza del Lago shopping center on the west side of Sheridan Road and a small number of anomalous high-rise residential buildings east of Sheridan.
Prior to the redevelopment of the area in the 60's, such establishments as firework stores, hot dog stands, ice cream shops, car dealerships, and service stations had earned the area nicknames of 'Coney Island of the North Shore' and 'honkey-tonk town of the North Shore'.
Natives
Actor Charlton Heston was born in the Wilmette-adjacent No Man's Land while his family was living in the area.
Rogers Park
The term, according to one author, was used prior to the expansion of Evanston and Chicago to refer to what is now the Rogers Park neighborhood of Chicago. It is also identified by the United States Geological Survey as being a variant name of the Howard District, located at .
See also
Plaza del Lago
From No Man's Land to Plaza del Lago
References
1920s establishments in Illinois
Former populated places in Illinois
Populated places established in the 1920s
Wilmette, Illinois |
20482618 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireneo%20Aff%C3%B2 | Ireneo Affò | Ireneo Affò (born Davide, 10 December 1741 – 14 May 1797) was an Italian art historian, writer, numismatist and Franciscan friar.
Life
Affò was born in Busseto in the province of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna. Observing his early inclination for drawing and poetry, Affò's father encouraged him to study in the workshop of the painter and sculptor, Pietro Balestra. After a short time, Affò began pursuing studies in fine arts, demonstrating abilities in the writing.
In his youth, Affò entered the Franciscan order. He continued to pursue his writing, which included poetry. He began to cultivate the study of learning, conducting extensive historical research of Italy and the surrounding area.
Ferdinand, Duke of Parma sent Affò to serve as a professor of philosophy at Guastalla in 1768, where he oversaw the publication of two ancient codices, including Angelo Poliziano's Orpheus, and the newly discovered archive of the Holy Spirit in Reggio Emilia. He then edited the critical edition of poetic works of St. Francis of Assisi. His major work in the literary field is still represented by the first five volumes of Memoirs of writers and scholars of Parma (1789 – 1797). While at Guastalla, Affò wrote his History of the city and duchy of Guastalla. He wrote also, History of Parma, until 1346, as well as other works connected with the ancient history of Italy. Affò's writing became highly respected throughout Italy.
In 1778, Affò was recalled to Parma to become deputy librarian for the court. In 1785, he became director of the Palatine Library in that city, replacing Paolo Maria Paciaudi, and later became historiographer of the Journal of the Duchy and honorary Professor of History at the university. While his writing covered a wide variety of subjects, his research was uncannily accurate and valued at the library. In 1792, Affò began publishing the four volumes of the History of Parma.
He died at the age of 56, in the convent of Busseto, when he contracted typhus fever. He left a manuscript History of Peter Louis Farnese. Girolamo Tiraboschi, an Italian literary critic and historian of Italian literature often quotes his works. His Poetical Dictionary and Memoirs, as well as other pieces are inserted in the Raccolta Ferrarese di Opuscoli.
Writings
(Biography of the librarian of Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary.)
(Biography of Bernardino Baldi, first abbott of Guastalla)
(Biography of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma.)
(Cavaliere Bernardino Marliani)
(Biography of Francesco Mazzola, Parmigianino)
(Live of the Blessed Orlando de Medici, and cult of his relics)
(Biography of Vespasiano I Gonzaga)
Ireneo Affò (1794) Ragionamento Del Padre, Parma: Dalla Stamperia Carmignani. Dedicated to Clothilde Tambroni.
(History of Parma)
References
This article incorporates text from A New General Biographical Dictionary (1857) by Hugh James Rose and Henry John Rose, a publication now in the public domain.
1741 births
1797 deaths
People from Busseto
18th-century Italian historians
Italian librarians
Italian Friars Minor |
6909382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenkappel-Vellach | Eisenkappel-Vellach | Eisenkappel-Vellach () is a market town in the Völkermarkt District in the Austrian state of Carinthia. The spa town is the southernmost municipality of Austria, close to the border with Slovenia.
Geography
The municipal area covers the valley of the Vellach creek, which runs in north–south direction from the heights of the Kamnik-Savinja Alps and the Karavanke range down to the Drava River. The Obir massif in the west contains a large dripstone cave system. Two mountain pass roads lead to Slovenia: the Seebergsattel in the southwest connecting it with Jezersko and the less frequented Pavlič Pass in the southeast on the road to Solčava.
Eisenkappel-Vellach consists of the main locality Bad Eisenkappel and several smaller settlements located in lateral valleys, subdivided into the Katastralgemeinden of Bad Vellach (Bela), Blasnitzen (Spodnja Plaznica), Ebriach (Obirsko), Eisenkappel (Železna Kapla), Koprein Petzen (Pod Peco), Koprein Sonnseite (Koprivna), Leppen (Lepena), Lobnig (Lobnik), Rechberg (Reberca), Remschenig (Remšenik) and Trögern (Korte).
According to the 2001 census, 38% of the population are Carinthian Slovenes, distributed over the 15 localities as follows:
History
The Seeberg Pass was already part of a Roman road in the Noricum province from 15 BC onwards. A Capella settlement in the Duchy of Carinthia, named after a chapel (, ) held by the Bishop of Brixen, was first mentioned about 1050. The market was probably established in the early 13th century under the rule of Duke Bernhard von Spanheim. Market rights were officially confirmed in a 1267/68 deed, when the Seebergsattel was an important trade route for salt and iron ore (German: Eisen). From the 15th century onwards, the valley was the site of several ironworks. Fortifications were built against the invasions by the Ottoman forces, nevertheless Kappel was devastated in 1473. Emperor Frederick III had the town rebuilt and granted it the present-day coat of arms in 1493.
The Kappel municipality was established in 1850, it was renamed Eisenkappel in 1890, while the iron industries declined. The Eisenkappel citizens had to rely on forestry and summer tourism around several mineral springs, promoted by the opening of the Vellachtalbahn narrow gauge railway line in 1902. Eisenkappel and Vellach finally merged in 1939. In the late days of World War II the remote Peršman farm in Koprein Petzen was a strongpoint of the Slovene Partisans, the only ever-existing Anti-Nazi military resistance of Austria. On 25 April 1945, a Nazi SS unit stormed the building killing eleven residents, among them seven children.
Politics
Seats in the municipal Gemeinderat assembly as of March 2019 :
Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 8
Enotna Lista (EL): 8
Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 2
The Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 1
Since March 2009, Eisenkappel-Vellach has been run by a Carinthian Slovene mayor, Franc Jožef Smrtnik. It is currently the only municipality in Carinthia with a mayor of the Slovene minority party Enotna Lista.
References
Cities and towns in Völkermarkt District |
20482655 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erast%20Parmasto | Erast Parmasto | Erast Parmasto (28 October 1928 – 24 April 2012) was a noted Estonian mycologist, bioscientist and botanist and onetime director of the Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany.
Parmasto was born in Nõmme. He became a member of the Estonian Institute of Zoology and Botany in 1950 and served as its director from 1985 to 1990. His establishment of a mushroom herbarium in 1950 has since seen recognition of 160,000 samples, 37,000 of which Parmasto himself collected.
Parmasto published more than 150 papers and 200 articles during his academic career and his works are commonly used in popular scientific and academic journals in Estonia. His expertise in the field of mycology has resulted in him being nicknamed "Seenevana", or the "grand old man of mushrooms". As a mycologist, the field with which Parmasto was most associated, he was best known for his establishment and enhancement of databases for species of mushrooms within Estonia. He was also the author of the first Estonian-language textbook on biosystematics in history. He was furthermore one of the driving forces behind the establishment of Liiva-Putla Nature Reserve, one of only five areas created for the protection of mushrooms in Europe.
He served as the president of the Estonian Naturalists' Society between 1973 and 1976 and was an honorary member of the society from 1988. Between 1973 and 1981 he was also the academic secretary in the Department of Chemical, Geological and Biological Sciences of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. He would later work as a Professor of Botany and Ecology at the University of Tartu from 1987 to 1995.
Parmasto worked as the senior researcher in the Mycology Department of the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences at the Estonian University of Life Sciences.
Awards
He was a recipient of the Karl Ernst von Baeri medal in 1976. In 1994 he won the National Science Prize from the Yearly Award, Culture and Society, and in 2002, was awarded the honorable Lifetime Achievement Award in Biosciences and the Environment again. In 2008 he was given the Eerik Kumari Award for his contributions to Bioscience. Jaanus Kala, Deputy Secretary-General of the Ministry of the Environment and chairman of the award's jury said of the scientist, “Erast Parmasto has dedicated his life’s work to studying nature and to promoting its protection among the public”.
Publications
Some of Parmasto's more important publications include:
D. S. Hibbett, M. Binder, J. F. Bischoff, M. Blackwell, P. F. Cannon, O. E. Eriksson, S. Huhndorf, T. James, P. M. Kirk, R. Lücking, H. T. Lumbsch, F. Lutzoni, P. B. Matheny, D. J. McLaughlin, M. J. Powell, S. Redhead, C. L. Schoch, J. W. Spatafora, J. A. Stalpers, R. Vilgalys, M. C. Aime, A. Aptroot, R. Bauer, D. Begerow, G. L. Benny, L. A. Castlebury, P. W. Crous, Y.-C. Dai, W. Gams, D. M. Geiser, G. W. Griffith, C. Gueidan, D. L. Hawksworth, G. Hestmark, K. Hosaka, R. A. Humber, K. D. Hyde, J. E. Ironside, U. Kõljalg, C. P. Kurtzman, K.-H. Larsson, R. Lichtwardt, J. Longcore, J. Miadlikowska, A. Miller, J.-M. Moncalvo, S. Mozley-Standridge, F. Oberwinkler, E. Parmasto, V. Reeb, J. D. Rogers, C. Roux, L. Ryvarden, J. P. Sampaio, A. Schüßler, J. Sugiyama, R. G. Thorn, L. Tibell, W. A. Untereiner, C. Walker, Z. Wang, A. Weir, M. Weiss, M. M. White, K. Winka, Y.-J. Yao and N. Zhang. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the fungi. Mycological Research 111: 509-547, 2007
Distribution maps of Estonian fungi (3. osa) Eesti seente levikuatlas. Pore Fungi. Estonian Academy Publishers, 2004
Parmasto, E : Integrating molecular and morphological data in the systematics of fungi. - In: Randlane, T/Saag, A (eds.): Book of Abstracts of the 5th IAL Symposium. Lichens in Focus. Tartu University Press, 2004
Parmasto, E. Hymenochaetoid fungi (Basidiomycota) of North America. Mycotaxon, 79, 107–176, 2001
M.A.Bondartseva, E.Parmasto, M.V. Gorlenko. Определитель грибов России. Порядок Афиллофоровые. Вып. 2 СПб: Наука, 1998 (in Russian)
Parmasto, E. Corticioid fungi: a cladistic study of a paraphyletic group. Canadian Journal of Botany, 73, 1995, (Suppl. 1)
E.Parmasto, I.Parmasto, T.Möls. Variation of Basidiospores in the Hymenomycetes and Its Significance to Their Taxonomy. Bibliotheca Mycologica, Lubrecht & Cramer Ltd, 1987
Järva, L., Parmasto, E. Eesti seente koondnimestik. Tartu, 1980 (in Estonian)
Parmasto, E. The Lachnocladiaceae of the Soviet Union. With a key to boreal species. Tartu, 1970
References
External links
Estonian Portal
Biography
Page at the Estonian Academy of Sciences
Estonian mycologists
20th-century Estonian botanists
1928 births
2012 deaths
Members of the Estonian Academy of Sciences
People from Tallinn
University of Tartu faculty
University of Tartu alumni
Estonian University of Life Sciences faculty
Recipients of the Order of the White Star, 3rd Class |
44506148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Peters%20Lutheran%20College%20Chapel | St Peters Lutheran College Chapel | St Peters Lutheran College Chapel is a heritage-listed chapel on the campus of St Peters Lutheran College in Indooroopilly, Brisbane, Australia. It was designed by Karl Langer and built in 1968 by W. W. Groom. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 December 2012.
History
The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College built in 1968, was designed by architect, Dr Karl Langer as the centrepiece of the school grounds, complete with a tree-lined plaza, forecourt, bell tower, and reflecting pool. The chapel is used regularly by the school and the local Lutheran parish for liturgical and general assembly purposes and remains central to the school community.
The area now known as Indooroopilly was surveyed in 1858 and first settled in 1860. The area was subdivided into farms and later into residential allotments. Prior to 1870 there were few houses built in the area but settlement of the district received impetus from the opening of the Brisbane to Ipswich railway in 1875. During the 1880s and 1890s Indooroopilly developed as a fashionable suburb. Many substantial, architect-designed residences were built on large allotments.
Indoocombe was a large brick house built in Indooroopilly in . It became the home of the Munro family who renamed it Ross Roy and the house and its substantial grounds became a centre of high society life. Photographs from this time show the grounds immediately surrounding the house to be landscaped and well maintained and the remainder of the property being native growth with a cleared and grassed understorey. The Munros lived at Ross Roy until their deaths. After the finalisation of the estate, Ross Roy was sold to the Lutheran Church in December 1944 for . The villa occupied and was established as St Peter's Lutheran College opening 25 February 1945.
Lutheranism is a major branch of Christianity and places a strong emphasis on education. In 1838 the first Lutherans arrived in Australia from Prussia and established communities in South Australia and Moreton Bay. That year a group of German Lutheran and Presbyterian missionaries established Zion Hill (at present day Nundah), a mission for Christianising aborigines, on the outskirts of Moreton Bay Penal Colony. It was not considered successful and was abandoned in 1848. In 1857 Lutheran Pastor Carl Franz Alexander Schirmeister came to Moreton Bay and established congregations at Brisbane CDB, South Brisbane, Ipswich, and Toowoomba. He obtained Government grants of land for church use and the first church was built in North Brisbane in 1861, followed quickly by churches at the other locations. Over the following decades Lutheranism was spread across Queensland. Around 1859 the newly formed colony of Queensland launched a vigorous immigration policy that continued for over 40 years. It attracted many Germans who formed distinct communities amidst the essentially-British nation. Although only a minority of these Germans were Lutheran, across the state Lutheran congregations grew and some established Lutheran schools.
With the introduction of the state school system at the turn of the century, Queensland Lutheran schools disappeared as the state school system grew. By 1914 there were no operational Lutheran schools in Queensland and a period of low activity of Lutheran education followed during the interwar and World War II (WWII) period partly due to anti-German sentiment.
A gradual resurgence of independent schools began in the last half of the twentieth century with government financial assistance in the late 1960s. This resulted in a Lutheran school boom in Australia between the 1970s and the 1990s and in 2012 Queensland had 27 Lutheran schools educating over 20,000 students. This resurgence of Lutheran schools in Queensland started in 1945 with the establishment of St Peter's Lutheran College at Indooroopilly. The Courier Mail described it as "the first Lutheran secondary school in Queensland". The school was co-educational and attendance was open to boarders and day school children of all denominations. The school was intended to be a northern adjunct and feeder to Australian Lutheran College#Immanuel Seminary in Adelaide where they would be prepared to serve as pastors and in other ministries. On opening day the school received in donations, ear-marked for the addition of a chapel.
A Chapel Fund was established and fundraising activities began. In February 1948 a temporary chapel was dedicated in a former officers' mess building of the Australian Women's Army Service camp. The AWAS camp had occupied part of the Munro estate and the school moved the mess building to the centre of the school campus. In September 1948 the school completed Luther House, a two-storey building of classrooms. The upper storey temporarily housed the chapel until a permanent chapel could be built.
The 1950s and 1960s was an era of religious vitality in Australia. During this period the nation was in a sustained economic boom, was led by conservative governments, and was experiencing high population growth. The congregations of major religions expanded and church attendance and religious society membership rose with accompanying financial improvement. Suburban churches regularly reported record congregation attendances for major holy days. Membership of the Lutheran church also increased after WWII with the major influx of European migrants. In the early to mid 1960s a number of the major Christian religions altered the way they ministered to their congregation in order to re-establish themselves within the modern world. With increased incomes, increased congregations, and an increasingly modern approach, considerable building programs began. Spacious brick churches were built in a modern style, often replacing smaller timber churches.
In 1966 the Chapel Fund had raised $59,995 and borrowed $70,000 for the construction of the chapel. Brisbane-based architect and town planner Dr Karl Langer was engaged as architect.
Dr Karl Langer (1903-1969) was born on 28 July 1903 in Vienna, Austria. He studied at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts under the directorship of pioneer German modernist designer Peter Behrens and in 1928, the year of his graduation, he was employed by Behrens to run his office in Vienna. In 1933 he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy for his thesis entitled Origins and Development of Concrete Construction.
Dr Langer immigrated to Australia with his wife, Dr Gertrude Langer, in 1939, bringing direct experience of the European Modern Movement to Queensland. He gained temporary employment with architects Cook and Kerrison in Brisbane and from 1940 Dr Langer lectured part-time in architecture and architectural design at the University of Queensland, publishing Sub-Tropical Housing in 1944. This booklet explored issues related to house design and town planning in a sub-tropical climate and influenced many architects working in the post-WWII era.
In 1944 Dr Langer was employed as an assistant town planner in the Brisbane City Council. From 1945, he was commissioned to work on a range of town planning projects for Darwin, Ingham, Toowoomba, Yeppoon, Kingaroy, Mount Isa, Mackay and for the National Capital Development Commission, Canberra. Concurrently, he completed numerous architectural projects of a wide variety including small, economical domestic work and large commercial and institutional work.
As an architect and town planner, Dr Langer had a pronounced impact upon the built environment of Australia, especially in Queensland, from the 1940s until his death in 1969. Along with numerous cultural pursuits, he was active in the Royal Australian Institute of Architects; first president (1952) of the Queensland division of the Royal Australian Planning Institute; a founder and chairman (1966–68) of the Queensland Association of Landscape Architects; and a member (1963–69) of the National Trust of Queensland. Important examples of his architectural work include the Langer residence at St Lucia (1950); Sugar Research Institute at Mackay (1953); St John's Lutheran Church, Bundaberg (1960); Kingaroy Town Hall and Civic Square (1963); Assembly Hall at Ipswich Girls' Grammar School (1964); Main Roads Building at Spring Hill (1966); Lennon's Hotel at Broadbeach (1957); and Lennon's Hotel Toowoomba. His body of work is a clearly distinguishable exploration of a sub-tropical modernism that culminates in the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, his last built work.
Modernism developed in pre-World War I Europe and gained popularity in Australia post-WWII. It was more than a design style and is notable for a rationalising of planning emphasising clarity and simplicity of form and detailing. American and Scandinavian influences were strong in Australia. During the 1950s and 1960s a similar rationalisation occurred within Christian religions in an effort to modernise approaches to religious practice. Churches became brighter and simpler in form and decorative treatments. They used new materials and forms while incorporating many traditional elements and symbols. Design responses included variations on the medieval church with simple massing, a rectangular nave stripped of apses, aisles and chapels, a dramatically lit sanctuary rear wall and simple belltower.
Influenced by the architecture of classical Greece and the modernist ideas of contemporary European architecture, Dr Langer developed a sophisticated hybrid of classical and modern principles of design bridging modern and traditional architecture. Typically, Dr Langer explored the idea of the conjunction of landscape and landmark and his designs often involve a designed landscape incorporating the building. At St Peter's, Dr Langer proposed a fan-shaped chapel with a very tall bell tower and a round concrete reflecting pool behind a paved forecourt at the end of a tree lined plaza. The front of the chapel was a crisp, curved colonnade-a stylised temple front-clad in marble. The other walls were yellow face brick with a projecting pattern of crosses on the east wall exterior.
Langer's design for the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College was in a modernist style and typical of his architectural concepts. Langer's exploration of modernism was heavily influenced by context. He studied the local fauna and flora in Queensland and the climate and his work interprets this in a Modernist manner. Dr Langer integrated native planting into his schemes; at St Peter's he proposed hedges of lemon scented tea trees for the plaza. He typically exploited passive lighting and ventilation in intelligent and uncomplicated ways; at St Peter's his design includes simple methods of passive ventilation and a naturally lit interior.
By 1966 when the design of the chapel was nearing completion, Dr Langer had a strong connection with the Lutheran community of Queensland and with St Peter's Lutheran College. He had previously designed and had constructed St John's Lutheran Church, Bundaberg (1960) and St John's Lutheran Church, Ipswich (1961). At St Peter's College, he had completed a chaplain's residence (1954), a dormitory block (1954-55), a dining hall block (1966), and a concrete footbridge (1966–67). The dormitory block and a sandstone monolith was a memorial to Queensland Lutheran servicemen killed in WWII. The monolith was a gift by Langer to the school and, at the time, was believed to be the largest stone in Brisbane. A cross was carved on one side with servicemen's name son the other. Langer went on to complete a science block (1967–68) and the entrance fence and gates (1968). The plaza and forecourt connected some of these buildings in a coherent, ordered manner, e.g. the stylised temple fronted dining hall addressed the plaza and forecourt, referencing classical Greek town centres, suggesting Dr Langer had a masterplan for the site. In lectures for architecture students at the University of Queensland he referenced the design of St Peter's chapel and its context (the forecourt/plaza and surrounding buildings) as an example of applying the European model of a functional town square to the College campus. Importantly, the design was symbolic of the essence of Lutheran education-an axis with theology (the chapel) at one end and learning (the library) at the other.
Dr Langer carefully incorporated Christian symbolism within the design of the chapel. The fan shape concentrates the gaze to the altar; lights are hidden from the nave to remove any distraction from this focus. The curved east wall is plain and dominated by the Cross (a symbol of the resurrection), seemingly floating in a strong light symbolising the rising sun. References to the Holy Trinity can be seen in the altar (constructed of three pieces), the three-finned bell tower and the three windows in the mediation chapel.
Tenders for the construction of the chapel were called in February 1967. Local contractor WW Groom's tender of $123,938 (the lowest of nine) was accepted on 6 February 1967. Groom had also won the contracts for other Langer buildings at St Peter's. The foundation stone was laid 17 September 1967 and the chapel was opened and dedicated 14 June 1968 with Dr M Lohe, President General of the Lutheran Church, as guest speaker. Dr Langer and Groom attended and were involved in the ceremony.
A large timber crucifix was commissioned for the wall within the small round room of the meditation chapel. It was carved by Alfred Schubert, a Czech-born woodcarver from Melbourne who had trained in Bavaria. Schubert had previously carved a crucifix for Langer's St John's Lutheran Church at Bundaberg. The crucifix was dramatically lit and loomed large within the room.
The chapel bell was donated by Pastor Franz Finger who was closely associated with the establishment of St Peter's and in its ongoing ministry and served on the College Council.
Dr Langer died in 1969 and his funeral service was conducted at the chapel. It has been said that Dr Langer considered the chapel to be his favourite building. He was cremated at Mt Thompson Crematorium, where he had designed the east chapel built in 1962.
There has been little alteration to the chapel over time. Aluminium blade sun shades have been added to some windows and the crucifix in the mediation chapel has been removed. The reflecting pond in the forecourt has been removed. A wide concrete ramp has been added in the forecourt probably replacing a wide stair.
At some time, the large sandstone WWII memorial monolith was moved from its earlier position on the northern side of the boys' dormitory to the southern edge of the chapel forecourt.
The chapel has been the only local Lutheran church in Indooroopilly since 1968 and services for the Lutheran parish are conducted weekly. The chapel, forecourt and plaza have acted as the physical and spiritual centre of the campus and continue to do so. The chapel is regularly used as an auditorium for the college and hosts performances, ceremonies and general assemblies. Larger assemblies and ANZAC day commemorations are held in the forecourt.
Description
The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, is a fan-shaped building with a bell tower and large concrete paved forecourt terminating a tree-lined plaza. The plaza runs generally from west to east along a high ridge of land within the College campus. The tall bell tower is surmounted by a cross which can be seen from across the area.
The gently-curved temple front entrance faces west. Three concrete steps lead up to a tall portico running across the face of the building. Four slender square columns divide the front into five bays. The portico is clad with marble presenting a high-quality face to the building that glows strikingly in the setting sun.
At the southern end of the front a tall bell tower made of three concrete fins squats over a small round drum of the meditation chapel, attached to the building by a slender covered corridor. The bell is mounted at the base of the tower and has raised letters, "ST. PETERS 1967".
The rear wall of the portico reveals the concrete structure infilled with panels of yellow face brick. The portico ceiling is lined with dark-stained timber battens. Aluminium-framed glass doors open from the portico into the chapel. High level aluminium framed awning windows light the interior choir loft.
The north and south elevations are yellow face brick and comprise a series of stepped blade walls with west-facing windows. Secondary entrances to the nave are located along both sides and the low form of the vestry and consultation rooms project out of the south face. The eastern (rear) elevation has no windows and the field of yellow face bricks features a pattern of crosses made of projecting header bricks. The land falls away at the rear and long and narrow openings provide ventilation into the understorey and then up into the chapel via floor louvers behind the altar.
The nave is a wide fan narrowing to the altar at the east end. The floor slopes down to the altar. The wide balcony choir loft is tiered and overhangs the entire west end of the nave forming a low-ceilinged entry zone supported on slender square concrete columns. The balcony balustrade is dark-stained timber battens and forms a sweeping curve. The balcony is reached via timber stairs at both ends of the entry area. The body of the chapel is a large space, brightly lit and uncluttered. The high white ceiling curves seamlessly into the east wall behind the altar where a large timber cross that appears to float on the white field is mounted.
The north and south walls are yellow face brick and the windows are positioned so they are shielded from the nave and their light is directed eastward onto the altar. The pews are darkly-stained timber and are crafted to sit on the sloping floor, progressively shorter towards the altar to suit the reducing width of the nave. The floor of the nave is clear finished timber under the pews and russet-coloured carpet in the entry, aisles and sanctuary. The sanctuary is reached by two steps and a third step supports the altar. The altar is made of large thick slabs of Helidon sandstone with the front carved with the Greek letters alpha and omega.
At the southern end a short stair leads down to a narrow, low-ceilinged corridor into the round meditation chapel. The floors of the corridor and meditation chapel are paved with glazed dark bricks and the walls are of yellow bricks. The ceiling of the meditation chapel is rough textured stucco. A large timber cross is fixed to the wall and the room contains timber kneelers and pews. Three long narrow windows light the small dark room.
The chapel contains timber furniture, sandstone font, framed portraits, metal candlesticks and a variety of liturgical items.
The forecourt is paved with concrete tiles in a stretched hexagonal pattern. It is approximately square. The plaza has a concrete surface and is flanked on both sides by grass planted with Poinciana trees at regular intervals. This outdoor furniture and other plantings are not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.
On the southern side of the forecourt is a World War II memorial, a large sandstone monolith, standing within garden beds and grass and flanked by two steel flagpoles. The stone is carved with a cross and a Roll of Honour listing Queensland Lutherans who died in WWII. This is not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.
A corner of Luther House and the cafe extension to the dining hall encroach into the forecourt and plaza. They are not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.
Heritage listing
Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 December 2012 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, constructed in 1968, is important in demonstrating the growth and changing practices of Christian liturgies in Queensland between the 1950s and the 1970s, in particular of the Lutheran church, a religious denomination of importance in Queensland since 1838. The chapel in its setting is a strong symbolic gesture embodying the essence of Lutheran education with theology (the chapel) visually linked to learning (the library).
The chapel is important in demonstrating the strong influence of European modernist architecture in Queensland. As a highly intact modernist church, the chapel is important in representing modernist ecclesiastical architecture in Queensland during a period of significant re-evaluation and modernisation of Christian religions worldwide.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.
The chapel is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics and qualities of a modernist church in Queensland. Highly intact, the chapel is notable for incorporating a dominant bell tower, large, well-lit nave shaped to focus to the sanctuary, a choir loft, vestry and stark, dramatic meditation chapel. The chapel is notable for its subtle incorporation of Christian symbolism including the positioning of the Cross floating on a strongly lit curving wall as a symbol of the rising sun and the use of three elements in the design of features like the bell tower, altar and meditation chapel.
The place is an exceptional example of the work of architect, Dr Karl Langer, embodying architectural principles he developed and refined over his career. Most notably, it incorporates classical architectural devices including a processional plaza, forecourt and stylised temple front; features characteristic simplified forms and spatial arrangements and a restrained use of good quality materials; and incorporates natural light and ventilation.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
Notable for its high quality design, materials and construction, the place is important for its aesthetic significance. The monumental bell tower is visible across the college and surrounding suburbs giving the chapel strong landmark qualities. The forecourt and plaza provide for views to and from the chapel, especially important for the symbolism in the visual link between the chapel and the library. The sculptural qualities of the austere chapel interior-including the seamless curving east wall with floating Cross; use of white plaster finishes complementing timber panelling and pale brickwork; natural lighting from the west facing clear glazing in the bladed side walls and from glazing in the west wall-evoke feelings of awe and reverence. The main chapel is a dramatic contrast to the cave-like small meditation chapel which evokes sensations of introspection and contemplation.
The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.
The place, designed by Dr Karl Langer, has a special association with his life and work. It is the culmination of his architectural career and embodies the defining architectural principles he developed and employed. Dr Langer is an architect of importance to Queensland and was one of the earliest architects to promote a local variation of modernist architecture. His work, particularly on climatic design, inspired and influenced contemporary and later architects.
References
Attribution
External links
Queensland Heritage Register
Indooroopilly, Queensland
Lutheran churches in Queensland
Churches in Brisbane
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
Karl Langer buildings
Churches completed in 1968
1968 establishments in Australia
University and college chapels |
20482657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich%20Calker | Friedrich Calker | Friedrich Calker (July 4, 1790 – January 5, 1870), German philosopher, was educated in Jena. For a short time, he was a lecturer in Berlin. In 1818, he was called to an extraordinary professorship in the newly founded University of Bonn, becoming an ordinary professor in 1826. He substantially echoed the ideas of his teacher Jakob Fries. His two major works are Urgesetzlehre des Wahren, Guten und Schönen (The Original Teachings on the Law of the True, Good and Beautiful; Berlin 1820) und Denklehre (Logic; Bonn 1822).
References
Heinrich von Eggeling, “Calker, Friedrich” in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Band 3 (Leipzig, 1876), S. 706-707.
Carl Schurz, Reminiscences (3 volumes), New York: The McClure Company, 1907. Schurz writes of Calker (although he refers to him as “van Calker” rather than simply “Calker”) in Chapter V where Calker's residence is the target of a students' march to deliver a petition, Calker being the rector of the University at that point. The petition proposed the abolishing of the office of “government authority,” (Regierungsbevollmächtigter ) then held by August von Bethmann-Hollweg. Schurz seemed amused by the timid man who gave a speech regarding the “soaring spirit of German youth.” In the German edition, Schurz remarks that he seemed to find the soaring spirit rather spooky.
German philosophers
University of Bonn faculty
1790 births
1870 deaths
People of the Revolutions of 1848
German male writers |
44506153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagner%20Station%2C%20Indiana | Wagner Station, Indiana | Wagner Station is an unincorporated community in Knox County, Indiana, in the United States. Variant names are Wagners Station and Wagne Station.
History
Wagner Station had its start in the 19th century as a depot on the Indianapolis and Vincennes Railroad.
References
Unincorporated communities in Knox County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana |
44506169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhadhre | Dhadhre | Dhadhare is a village in thane district, Maharashtra, India. Zilla parishad is the main source of schooling there. The main water source is Shai river.
Occupation
The main occupation of people in this village is agriculture, mostly rice. The rock quarry business is also a backbone of the economy in this area.
References
Cities and towns in Kolhapur district |
20482682 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Bruno | Alessandro Bruno | Alessandro Bruno (born 4 July 1983) is an Italian footballer. He currently plays as a midfielder for Serie D team Casarano.
Club career
On 23 January 2019 he returned to Pescara after 1.5 years at Livorno. On 29 August 2020 he moved to Casarano.
References
External links
Career statistics
1983 births
Sportspeople from Benevento
Living people
Italian footballers
Association football midfielders
Serie A players
Serie B players
Serie C players
Benevento Calcio players
U.S. Catanzaro 1929 players
Vastese Calcio 1902 players
Taranto F.C. 1927 players
A.S.G. Nocerina players
Latina Calcio 1932 players
Delfino Pescara 1936 players
U.S. Livorno 1915 players
Footballers from Campania |
20482684 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbingthepeace | Disturbingthepeace | Disturbingthepeace (foaled 1998 in California) is a retired American Thoroughbred racehorse.
Background
Disturbingthepeace was bred by Buddy Johnston, the owner of Old English Rancho in Sanger, California. He was purchased by David Milch and his wife Rita as in May 2001. At the 2002 Fasig-Tipton November select sale, Bill and Donna Herrick, who race under the name Herrick Racing, acquired an interest in Disturbingthepeace. He was trained by Darrell Vienna.
Racing career
After losing his first two starts in 2002, the gelding won six straight races. He then went winless in his next six races including a seventh-place finish in the 2002 Breeders' Cup Sprint at Chicago's Arlington Park Racetrack. On August 17, 2003, Disturbingthepeace snapped his losing streak at Del Mar Racetrack when he became the first two-time winner in the history of the Pat O'Brien Handicap. He was then sidelined for nearly a year with a sesamoid injury and did not return to racing until July 25, 2004 when he finished ninth in the Bing Crosby Breeders' Cup Handicap. In his next and last start on August 25, Disturbingthepeace finished fourth in an allowance/optional claiming race at Del Mar Racetrack.
He was retired in 2004. He currently resides at Old Friends Equine Retirement Farm.
References
August 28, 2004 Thoroughbred Times article on the retirement of Disturbingthepeace
1998 racehorse births
Thoroughbred family 5-i
Racehorses bred in California
Racehorses trained in the United States |
44506176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluedot%20Innovation | Bluedot Innovation | Bluedot Innovation is a R&D focused technology company headquartered in Melbourne, Australia, that specialises in high precision location services for smartphones.
Point SDK
Bluedot Innovation developed and operates the Bluedot Point SDK, a software development kit that enables smartphone applications on the Android and iOS platforms to manage the GPS chip-set and as a result provide battery efficient, precise location awareness to smartphones. By managing the battery drain stemming from constant GPS tracking, the Point SDK enables smartphones to react to and perform actions when entering areas as precise as a few meters wide. The Bluedot Point SDK enables pre-built actions to be triggered when users enter these precise locations, and conditions according to which the actions will occur. The Bluedot Point SDK was used by two of the top five applications created during the Victorian Government Infrahack Hackathon
History
Bluedot Innovation was founded in Adelaide, South Australia by Filip Eldic and Emil Davityan in December 2012. Bluedot Innovation was accepted into and participated in the ANZ Innoyz START Accelerator Program in early 2013. Following the completion of the ANZ Innovyz Start Program Bluedot Innovation raised its first round of funding and expanded its board to include the founding CFO of PayPal, David Jaques. In November 2013, Bluedot Innovation received a grant from the Australian Government Agency Commercialisation Australia in November 2013. In June 2014 Bluedot Innovation was awarded the title of Best Startup in Australia by the Talent Unleashed Awards with judges including Steve Wozniak and Richard Branson. To date, Bluedot innovation has raised a total of $3.5 million in funding with the most recent round including investor Jeffery Katz formerly of Mercury Payment Systems. Bluedot has entered into an exclusive licensing arrangement with CARDFREE in order to integrate Bluedot's cutting edge locations services technology into the applications some of the largest food retail chains across the USA. Bluedot has also been featured in case studies by KPMG and Google partner OniGroup focusing on Bluedot's potential in changing the way enterprises connect with their customers through highly innovative IP and technology.
References
Companies based in Melbourne
Technology companies of Australia |
20482692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude%20Sandrier | Jean-Claude Sandrier | Jean-Claude Sandrier (born 7 August 1945 in Gannat, Allier) is a French politician and former Mayor of Bourges. He is a member of the French Communist Party.
Joining the Communist in the Bourges city council in 1977, Sandrier became mayor of the city in 1989, but was not re-elected in 1995. He was elected member of Parliament for the second constituency of the Cher in the 1997 election, and was re-elected in 2002 and 2007. He was succeeded in the constituency by Nicolas Sansu, also of the communists. He was a member and president of the GDR parliamentary group in the 13th Legislature.
References
People from Allier
1945 births
Living people
Politicians of the French Fifth Republic
French Communist Party members
Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur
Deputies of the 11th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 12th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 13th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic |
44506177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunderi | Gunderi | Gunderi is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Holalkere taluk of Chitradurga district in Karnataka.
Nearest districts to Gunderi
Gunderi is located around 35 km away from its district headquarters of Chitradurga. The other nearest district headquarters is Davanagere situated at 58 km distance from Gunderi. Surrounding districts from Gunderi are as follows:
Davanagere district 58 km.
Shimoga district 75 km.
Hassan district 110 km.
Chikmagalur district 116 km.
Transport
The nearest railway station to Gunderi is Holalkere which is around 6.5 km away.
Other nearby stations include:
Ramgiri railway station 6.8 km.
Chikjajur Jn railway station 15.2 km.
Hosdurga Road railway station 23.6 km.
Shivani railway station 24.0 km.
Villages in Chitradurga district |
20482698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masahiro%20Kunda | Masahiro Kunda | , (born Kakamigahara, September 29, 1966) is a Japanese rugby union hooker and coach. Kunda played for Toshiba Brave Lupus, a team he coached to a League title victory in 2007. Originally from Gifu Prefecture, he was educated at University of Tsukuba (Tsukuba Daigaku). He served as the captain in the 1995 Rugby World Cup and is now Head Coach of the Japan U20s squad.
References
External links
Scrum.com player profile
1966 births
Living people
Japanese rugby union players
Japanese rugby union coaches
Rugby union hookers
Sportspeople from Gifu Prefecture
Japan international rugby union players
Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo players
Asian Games medalists in rugby union
Rugby union players at the 1998 Asian Games
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games |
20482702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Magarac%20and%20His%20USA%20Citizen%20Papers | Joe Magarac and His USA Citizen Papers | Joe Magarac and His USA Citizen Papers is a novel for children by the American writer Irwin Shapiro (1911–1981) set in the steel valley of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It tells the story of the "legendary" steelworker Joe Magarac, who when a mill boss tells him that he needs $1,000 to get his American citizenship papers, goes on a working spree to earn the money. Magarac gets angry, however, when a U.S. Congressman tells him to go back to the Old Country where he came from. Magarac rips up rails and knocks down buildings and in a climatic rage in the manner of King Kong scales the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.
References
1948 American novels
1948 children's books
American children's novels
Novels set in Pittsburgh
Novels about immigration to the United States |
6909387 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains%20and%20Sierra%20Miwok | Plains and Sierra Miwok | The Plains and Sierra Miwok were once the largest group of California Indian Miwok people, indigenous to California. Their homeland included regions of the Sacramento Valley, San Joaquin Valley, and the Sierra Nevada.
Geography
The Plains and Sierra Miwok traditionally lived in the western Sierra Nevada between the Fresno River and Cosumnes River, in the eastern Central Valley of California. As well as in the northern Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta region at the confluences of the Cosumnes River, Mokelumne River, and Sacramento River.
In the present day, many Sierra Miwok live in or close to their traditional territories and Indian rancherias, including at:
Buena Vista Rancheria
Chicken Ranch Rancheria
Jackson Rancheria
Sheep Ranch Rancheria
Shingle Springs Rancheria
Tuolumne Rancheria
Wilton Rancheria
Culture
The Plains and Sierra Miwok lived by hunting and gathering, and lived in small local tribes, without centralized political authority. They are skilled at basketry and continue the traditions today.
Religion
The original Plains and Sierra Miwok people world view included Shamanism. One form this took was the Kuksu religion that was evident in Central and Northern California, which included elaborate acting and dancing ceremonies in traditional costume, an annual morning ceremony, puberty rites of passage, shamanic intervention with the spirit world, and an all-male society that met in subterranean dance rooms. Kuksu was shared with other indigenous ethnic groups of Central California, such as the Pomo, Maidu, Ohlone, Esselen, and northernmost Yokuts. However, Kroeber observed less "specialized cosmogony" in the Miwok, which he termed one of the "southern Kuksu-dancing groups", in comparison to the Maidu and other northern California tribes.
Traditional narratives
The record of myths, legends, tales, and histories from the Plains and Sierra Miwok is one of the most extensive in the state. These groups participate in the general cultural pattern of Central California.
Mythology
Miwok mythology is similar to other natives of Central and Northern California. The Plains and Sierra Miwok believe in animal and human spirits, and see the animal spirits as their ancestors. Coyote is seen as their ancestor and creator god.
Divisions
There were four definite regional and linguistic sub-divisions: Plains Miwok, Northern Sierra Miwok, Central Sierra Miwok, and Southern Sierra Miwok.
Plains Miwok
The Plains Miwok inhabited a portion of the Central Valley's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and adjacent plains in modern southern Sacramento County, eastern Solano County, and northern San Joaquin County. They spoke Plains Miwok, a language of the Miwokan branch of the Utian language family.
Villages and local tribes
Classical anthropologists recorded a number of specific Plains Miwok villages, but it remained for work by Bennyhoff in the 1950s and 1960s to recognize multi-village territorial local tribes as the signature land-use organization of the Plains Miwok. The published specific village locations were:
On the Cosumnes River: Chuyumkatat, Lulimal, Mayeman, Mokos-unni, Sukididi, Supu, Tukui, Yomit
Near the Cosumnes River: Umucha, Yumhui; on the Mokelumne River: Lel-amni, Mokel(-unni), Sakayak-unni; on the east bank of Sacramento River below Sacramento: Hulpu-mni; on Jackson Creek: Ochech-ak
Among the important landholding local tribes at the time of Spanish colonization in California were:
Anizumne at Rio Vista on the west side of the Sacramento River
Chilamne at Bellota on the Calaveras River
Chucumne at Liberty Island on the west side of the Sacramento River
Cosomne at the Wilton Rancheria Miwok on the Cosumnes River
Gualacomne at Freeport on both sides of the Sacramento River
Guaypemne at Terminous on the Mokelumne River delta
Lelamne at Clements on the Mokelumne River
Muquelemne at Ione on the Mokelumne River
Musupum at Andrus Island at the confluence of the Mokelumne and San Joaquin rivers
Ochejamne at Courtland on the east side of the Sacramento River
Quenemsia at Grand Island among the distributary channels of the Sacramento River
Seuamne at Jenny Lind on the Calaveras River (intermediate to Northern Sierra Miwok)
Sonolomne probably on Dry and Laguna creeks east of Galt
Unizumne at Thornton at the confluence of the Cosumnes and Mokelumne rivers
Ilamne at Yolano on the west side of the Sacramento River (northwest of Freeport)
Post-contact history
The majority of the members of the Plains Miwok local tribes moved to colonial Franciscan Mission San José, in some cases through attraction and in other cases through intimidation, between 1812 and 1833. By 1815 they represented 14% of the Indian people at that mission, and by 1830 they had reached 42% of the mission's population. In 1834 and 1835, hundreds of Plains Miwok survivors of the Central Valley's 1833 malaria epidemic were baptized at Mission San José. By the end of 1835, Plains Miwok was the native language of 60% of the Indian people at the mission.
Between 1834 and 1838 the Alta California missions were secularized (closed as religious and agricultural communes). Many Plains Miwoks moved back to their home areas, where between 1839 and 1841 John Sutter played the local groups off against one another in order to gain control of the lower Sacramento Valley. Other Plains Miwok families remained in the San Francisco Bay area, intermarried with Ohlone, Patwin, and Yokuts peoples, and found work on local Mexican ranchos.
Northern Sierra Miwok
The Northern Miwok inhabited the upper watersheds of the Mokelumne River and the Calaveras River. One settlement site is within the present day Indian Grinding Rock State Historic Park near Volcano. They spoke Northern Sierra Miwok, a language in the Utian linguistic group.
Historic villages
The authenticated Northern Sierra Miwok villages are:
At present-day San Andreas: Huta-sil
At present-day Jackson: Tukupe-su
Near present-day Jackson: Pola-su
On the Calaveras River Headwaters: Kechenti, Kaitimii, Mona-sti
Between Calaveras River and Mokelumne Rivers: Apautawilti, Heina, Ketina
On the Cosumnes River: Noma (South Fork), Omo (South Fork), Yule (south of river)
On the Mokelumne River. Ktiniisti, Uptistini, Penken-sii (inland south of river), Sopochi (towards Jackson Creek)
On Jackson Creek: Chakane-sii?, Seweu-sii, Tumuti (on the headwaters), Yuloni, on Jackson Creek
Central Sierra Miwok
The Central Sierra Miwok inhabited the upper watersheds of the Stanislaus River and the Tuolumne River. They spoke Central Sierra Miwok, a language in the Utian linguistic group.
Historic villages
The authenticated Central Sierra Miwok villages are:
At present-day Sonora: Akankau-nchi (1), Kuluti. Also in this vicinity: Hunga, Kapanina, Chakachi-no, Akankau-nchi (2), Kesa, Kotoplana, Olaw_ye, Pokto-no, Pota, Siksike-no, Sopka-su, Suchumumu, Sukanola, Sukwela, Telese-no, Tel'ula, Tunuk-chi, Waka-che.
"On the Calaveras River: Humata, Katuka, Newichu (between Stanislaus River and a head branch)On the Stanislaus River: Akutanuka (northwest), Hangwite (South Fork), Kawinucha (North Fork), Kewe-no, Loyowisa (near the junction of Middle and South Forks), Oloikoto, Sutamasina (South Fork), Takema (Middle Fork), Tipotoya, Tulana-chi, Tulsuna (between the South and Middle Forks), Tuyiwu-nu, Wokachet (South Fork), Wolanga-su (south of the junction between the South and Middle Forks), Wtiyu Yungakatok (near the junction of the North and Middle Forks)On the Tuolumne River: Akawila (between a branch of Tuolumne and Stanislaus rivers), Hechhechi (at headwaters), Hochhochmeti, Kulamu, Pangasema-nu (northern), Pasi-nu (southeast of Sonora), Pigliku (southern), Singawu-nu, SalaNear present-day San Andreas: Alakani (east), Kosoimuno-nu (towards Stanislaus River), Sasamu (almost due east), Shulaputi (southeast)
Southern Sierra Miwok
The Southern Miwok inhabited the lower banks of the Merced River and the Chowchilla River, as well as Mariposa Creek. They spoke Southern Sierra Miwok, a language in the Utian linguistic group.
The Merced River flows from the High Sierras, through Yosemite Valley, and into the San Joaquin Valley near present-day near Livingston.
The Mono tribe people (considered Northern Paiute) occupied the higher eastern Sierras and the Mono Lake Basin, and entered Yosemite from the east. The Mono name for the Southern Miwok was qohsoo?moho. Miwoks occupied the lower western foothills of the Sierras and entered from the west. Disputes between the two tribes were violent, and the residents of the valley, in defense of their territory, were considered to be among the most aggressive of any tribes in the area.
When encountered by immigrants of European descent, the neighboring Southern Sierra Miwok tribe referred to the Yosemite Valley residents as "killers". It is from this reference and a confusion over the word for "grizzly bear" that Bunnell named the valley Yosemite. The native residents called the valley awahni. Today, there is some debate about the original meaning of the word, since the Southern Miwok language is virtually extinct, but recent Southern Miwok speakers defined it as "place like a gaping mouth." Those living in awahni were known as the Awahnichi (also spelled Ahwahnechee and similar variants), meaning "people who live in awahni".Anderson, 2005. The naming of the Ahwahnee Hotel was derived from the Miwok word.
Historic villages
The authenticated Southern Sierra Miwok villages are:Near present-day Mariposa: Kasumati, Nochu-chiOn the Chowchilla Rive headwaters: Nowach, OlwiaOn the Fresno River: Wasema, WehiltoOn the Merced River: Alaula-chi, Angisawepa, Awal, Hikena, Kakahula-chi, Kitiwana, Kuyuka-chi, Owelinhatihu, Palachan, Sayangasi, Siso-chi, Sope-nchi, Sotpok, WilitoYawoka-chi
Post-contact history
After Euro-Americans entered Yosemite Valley and the adjacent Sierras, and established Yosemite National Park, the residents were of both Paiute-Mono and Miwok origin. They had either fought to a stalemate or agreed to peaceful coexistence and had intermixed to a limited extent.
Population
Alfred L. Kroeber estimated there to be 9,000 Plains and Sierra Miwok combined in 1770, but this is an arguably low estimate. Richard Levy estimated there were 17,800. In 1848 their population was estimated at 6,000, in 1852 at 4,500, in 1880 at 100, and in 1910 the population was estimated at 670.
Notable Plains and Sierra Miwoks
Lucy Telles — master basket weaver, based in Yosemite Valley.
Notes
References
Anderson, Daniel. Origin of the word Yosemite. Retrieved on 2006-08-01.
Bennyhoff, James A. 1977. Ethnogeography of the Plains Miwok. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis Publication Number 5. University of California at Davis.
Bunnell, Dr. Lafayette. [http://www.yosemite.ca.us/library/discovery_of_the_yosemite/05.html Discovery of the Yosemite, and the Indian war of 1851, which led to that event"], 3d ed. New York City and Chicago, IL: F. H. Revell Company, 1892.
Callaghan, Catherine A. 1984. Plains Miwok Dictionary. University of California Publications in Linguistics, Volume 105.
Cook, Sherburne. The Conflict Between the California Indian and White Civilization. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1976. .
Kroeber, Alfred L. 1907. The Religion of the Indians of California, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 4:#6. Berkeley, sections titled "Shamanism", "Public Ceremonies", "Ceremonial Structures and Paraphernalia", and "Mythology and Beliefs"; available at Sacred Texts Online
Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Washington, D.C: Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. (Chapter 30, The Miwok); available at Yosemite Online Library.
Levy, Richard. 1978. Eastern Miwok, in Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 8 (California). William C. Sturtevant, and Robert F. Heizer, eds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978. / 0160045754, pp. 398–413.
Milliken, Randall. 2008. Native Americans at Mission San Jose. Banning, CA: Malki-Ballena Press.
Mithun, Marianne. 1999. The Languages of Native North America. University Press, Cambridge.
External links
Online books about the Ahwahneechee/Southern Sierra Miwok
Central Sierra Miwok Dictionary
Southern Sierra Miwok Dictionary
Access Genealogy: Indian Tribal records, Miwok Indian Tribe
Native Tribes, Groups, Language Families and Dialects of California in 1770 — (map after Kroeber).
Native American tribes in California
History of the San Joaquin Valley
History of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
Sacramento Valley
San Joaquin Valley
Sierra Nevada (United States)
Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
History of Amador County, California
History of Calaveras County, California
History of El Dorado County, California
History of Placer County, California
History of Sacramento County, California
History of San Joaquin County, California
History of Tuolumne County, California
History of Yolo County, California
Merced River
Yosemite National Park
ca:Miwok
de:Miwok
fr:Miwok
pl:Miwok |
20482704 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Brewer%20%28baseball%29 | Jack Brewer (baseball) | Jack Herndon "Buddy" Brewer (April 21, 1918 – November 30, 2003) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played from 1944 through 1946 for the New York Giants. Listed at , , Brewer threw and batted right-handed. He attended the University of Southern California.
In a three-season career, Brewer posted a 9–10 record with 73 strikeouts and a 4.36 ERA in 43 appearances, including 28 starts, 10 complete games, and 216 innings of work.
External links
1918 births
2003 deaths
Baseball players from Los Angeles
Clinton Giants players
Jersey City Giants players
Knoxville Smokies players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players
New York Giants (NL) players
Sacramento Solons players
San Francisco Seals (baseball) players
Tri-City Braves players
USC Trojans baseball players |
44506178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chumki%20Chowdhury | Chumki Chowdhury | Chumki Choudhury is an Indian film actress who works in Bengali cinema.
Family and Career
Chumki Choudhury was born in Kolkata. She is the daughter of famous director Anjan Choudhury and Smt. Joysree Choudhury. She passed her Madhyamik from Joysree Siksha Niketan and completed her Higher Secondary and B.A. from New Alipore College.
Chumki Choudhury made her acting debut under the direction of her father called Hirak Jayanti as a lead actress. The film was released in 1990. After doing several films of her father, she could not earn her reputation in the Bengali film industry. In 1991, the people started knowing her after acting in Babloo Samaddar’s film called ‘Abhagini’.
Chumki Chaudhury took her primary lessons in dance and music from her mother Joysree Choudhury and later on from Bani Debnath. She was involved with stage shows professionally.
Filmography
References
External links
1970 births
Living people
Indian film actresses
Actresses from Kolkata
20th-century Indian actresses
21st-century Indian actresses
Actresses in Bengali cinema |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.