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{
"answer_start": [
483
],
"text": [
"Giles Matthey"
]
} | in the CBS drama series "NCIS" playing Daniel Budd, a young man who is the leader of the terrorist group, the Calling. Matthey's role on "NCIS" ended when his character died in the "NCIS" Season 13 premiere episode as Budd was shot dead by NCIS Special Agent Anthony DiNozzo, played by Michael Weatherly. He landed a recurring role in the sixth season of the fantasy-drama series "Once Upon a Time", portraying the grown-up version of Belle and Rumplestiltskin's newborn son Gideon. Giles Matthey Giles Ingram Matthey (born 11 November 1987) is a British-Australian actor best known for his role as </s> Josh Dallas Joshua Paul Dallas (born December 18, 1978) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Prince Charming/David Nolan in the ABC television series "Once Upon a Time" and Fandral in the Marvel Comics film adaptation "Thor". He currently stars as Ben Stone in the NBC drama series "Manifest". After graduation at Mountview, Dallas joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, and then took parts with the Royal National Theatre, English National Opera, the New Shakespeare Company and The Young Vic. Returning to the United States and based in Hollywood, he was cast in 2011 as Fandral </s> Sebastian Stan Sebastian Stan (born 13 August 1982) is a Romanian American actor. On television, he has played Carter Baizen in "Gossip Girl", Prince Jack Benjamin in "Kings", Jefferson in "Once Upon a Time", and T.J. Hammond in "Political Animals". The latter earned him a nomination for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Movie/Miniseries. Stan gained wide recognition for his role as Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, beginning with 2011's "" and later also in "" (2014), "Ant-Man" (2015), "" (2016), "Black Panther" (2018) and in "" (2018). In 2015, | 1 | who plays young gideon in once upon a time | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1221
],
"text": [
"Rutherford B. Hayes"
]
} | It was widely assumed during the year 1875 that incumbent President Ulysses S. Grant would run for a third term as president in spite of the poor economic conditions, the numerous political scandals that had developed since he assumed office in 1869, and a long-standing tradition set by the first president, George Washington, not to stay in office longer than two terms. Grant's inner circle advised him to go for a third term and he almost did, but the House, by a sweeping 233 to 18 vote, passed a resolution declaring that the two-term tradition was to prevent a dictatorship. </s> state, it could elect Tilden. Facing an unprecedented constitutional crisis, the Congress of the United States passed a law on January 29, 1877 that formed a 15-member Electoral Commission to settle the result. Five members were selected from each house of Congress, and they were joined by five members of the Supreme Court. William M. Evarts served as counsel for the Republican Party. The Compromise of 1877 might have helped the Democrats accept this electoral commission as well. The majority party in each house named three members and the minority party two. As the Republicans controlled the Senate and the </s> Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes The presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes began on March 4, 1877, when Rutherford B. Hayes was inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1881. Hayes, the 19th United States president, took office after winning the closely contested 1876 presidential election. He declined to seek re-election and was succeeded by James A. Garfield, a fellow Republican and ally. Taking office after an intensely disputed election, Hayes withdrew the last federal troops from the South, ending the Reconstruction Era. He attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War and | 1 | who became president after the 1876 presidential election | None |
{
"answer_start": [
72
],
"text": [
"1946"
]
} | Shaving Cream (song) "Shaving Cream" is a song written by Benny Bell in 1946, and originally sung by Paul Wynn. It is a novelty song where each verse ends with a mind rhyme of "shit", the initial "sh-" segueing into the refrain, "Shaving Cream"; for example: The original version of "Shaving Cream" was issued on Bell's Cocktail Party Songs record label in 1946, with Phil Winston on vocals under the pseudonym Paul Wynn, and, as that name was also used by Bell himself, Winston's version has often been mistaken for Bell's, and has appeared on Benny Bell compilation albums more </s> "Pond's Creams" a more international reach. Pond's Pond's is a brand of beauty and health care products, currently owned by parent company the multinational corporation Unilever. Pond's Cream was invented in the United States as a patent medicine by pharmacist Theron T. Pond (1800–1852) of Utica, New York, in 1846. Mr. Pond extracted a healing tea from witch hazel ["Hamamelis" spp.] which he discovered could heal small cuts and other ailments. The product was named "Golden Treasure." After Theron died, it would be known as "Pond's Extract." In 1849, the "T. T. Pond Company" was formed with Pond and other </s> Delegation (band) Delegation was a British soul musical group with a lengthy career, and an amount of international success. They are generally viewed in the United States as a one-hit wonder, based on the crossover hit, "Oh Honey" (1978). Their biggest success in the United Kingdom came in 1977, with the Top 30 hit single, "Where Is the Love (We Used to Know)". Delegation was formed in the United Kingdom in 1975, by Ricky Bailey, Len Coley and Roddy Harris. Working with record producer/songwriter Ken Gold (who masterminded The Real Thing), they began releasing a series of moderately successful singles | 1 | when did the song shaving cream come out | None |
{
"answer_start": [
113
],
"text": [
"Autograph"
]
} | following abbreviations are used to help describe the type of letter or document that is being offered for sale. Autograph An autograph is a person's own signature or handwriting. The term is used particularly in connection with the collecting of autographs of celebrities; the hobby of collecting autographs is known as "philography". What might be considered the oldest "autograph" is a Sumerian clay table from about 3100 BC which includes the name of the scribe Gar.Ama. No ancient written autographs have been found, and the earliest one known for a major historical figure is that of El Cid from 1098. </s> that they personally viewed the content. In the United States this is prevalent with architectural and construction plans. Its intent is to prevent mistakes or fraud but the practice is not known to be effective. In e-mail and newsgroup usage, another type of signature exists which is independent of one's language. Users can set one or more lines of custom text known as a signature block to be automatically appended to their messages. This text usually includes a name, contact information, and sometimes quotations and ASCII art. A shortened form of a signature block, only including one's name, often with </s> documents for genealogists and other researchers. Signature Quilt A signature quilt is a quilt that has multiple names signed, stamped, or embroidered on it. While examples exist prior to 1800, the tradition was popularized in the 19th century often as a means of fundraising or given as keepsakes to people moving west. They were also used to commemorate and document historical and communal events, or to indicate affiliations with organizations or groups. They would rarely include signatures of famous people with one unusual specimen created by Adeline Harris Sears containing 350 signatures including those of eight U.S. Presidents. Signature quilts | 1 | what is the proper term used for the signature given by celebrities to their fans | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1364
],
"text": [
"Sea"
]
} | Kate French Kate Lauren French (born September 23, 1984) is an American actress and model. She is perhaps best known for her role as Niki Stevens on "The L Word". Kate Lauren French was born in Flemington, New Jersey. Her parents, Joan Gocha and William Robinson French are former Ford models. Her mother is now a jewelry designer; and her father works in real estate. French spent her childhood years in South Kingstown, Rhode Island and Lambertville, New Jersey. Her family then moved to New York where they settled in Quogue on Long Island and her mother remarried. French graduated </s> Melina Vidler Melina Vidler (born 1993) is an Australian actress, known for her role as Shay Turner in "800 Words", for which she won the Logie Award for Most Outstanding Newcomer in 2016. Vidler was born in Brisbane and grew up in Samford, Queensland, the daughter of Kaylene and Wayne Vidler, a property developer. She has two older brothers, Beau and Brent and a older sister Kim . In 2010, Vidler graduated from Ferny Grove State High School in Brisbane, and went on to study acting at the Queensland University of Technology. She later moved to Sydney, New South Wales </s> Saffron Burrows Saffron Dominique Burrows (born 22 October 1972) is a British-American actress and model. Burrows has appeared in films such as "Circle of Friends," "Wing Commander," "Deep Blue Sea," "Gangster No. 1," "Enigma," "Troy," "Reign Over Me" and "The Bank Job." On the small screen she has starred as Lorraine Weller on "Boston Legal," Dr. Norah Skinner on "My Own Worst Enemy," and Detective Serena Stevens on "." She appeared as Cynthia Taylor on the Amazon Video series "Mozart in the Jungle." An only child, Burrows was born in London, England. Both her parents are socialists. Her father is | 1 | who plays moira max on the l word | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1001
],
"text": [
"Wilt Chamberlain"
]
} | and 10 assists in a 105–97 win over the Memphis Grizzlies. Standing at 6 feet 5 inches tall (1.96 m) in shoes and weighing 220 pounds (100 kg), Harden plays mostly at the shooting guard position. With season averages of over 26 points per game since the 2012–13 season, Harden is considered one of the most versatile and dangerous scorers in the NBA. He possesses a wide array of offensive moves; two of the most prominent among them being his Euro step and his step-back jumper. He has also gained notoriety for his ability to exploit league rules in order </s> Most notably, Chamberlain is the only player in NBA history to average more than 50 points in a season and score 100 points in a single game (both in 1961–62 as a member of the Philadelphia Warriors). He also holds the NBA's all-time records for rebounding average (27.2), rebounds in a single game (55), and career rebounds (23,924). A lesser-known center of the era was Nate Thurmond, who initially played the forward position opposite Wilt Chamberlain for the San Francisco Warriors but moved to center after Chamberlain was traded to the new Philadelphia franchise. Although he never won a Championship, </s> per game. He scored a record 4,029 points, more than the division-winning Warriors in 1947–48 scored as a team. He played in a record 3,882 minutes—including every minute of 79 (a record) of 80 games. He averaged 48.5 minutes per game. An NBA game is 48 minutes, but Chamberlain played in 10 overtime periods in seven games. He was second in the league in field goal percentage at .506 and made 61 percent of his free throws, a career high. The Warriors finished the season with a 49–31 record. They lost in the conference finals of the playoffs to the | 1 | who averaged the most rebounds per game in nba history | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1269
],
"text": [
"Thespis"
]
} | Greek tragedy Greek tragedy is a form of theatre from Ancient Greece and Asia Minor. It reached its most significant form in Athens in the 5th century BC, the works of which are sometimes called Attic tragedy. Greek tragedy is widely believed to be an extension of the ancient rites carried out in honor of Dionysus, and it heavily influenced the theatre of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance. Tragic plots were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions of archaic epics. In tragic theatre, however, these narratives were presented by actors. The most acclaimed Greek tragedians are Aeschylus, </s> depicted holding the tragic mask and wearing cothurni. Thalia is the muse of comedy and is similarly associated with the mask of comedy and the comedic "socks". Male actors playing female roles would wear a wooden structure on their chests (posterneda) to imitate the look of breasts and another structure on their stomachs (progastreda) to make them appear softer and more lady like. They would also wear white body stockings under their costumes to make their skin appear fairer. Most costuming detail comes from pottery paintings from that time as costumes and masks were fabricated out of disposable material, so </s> episode of the TV series "" was named "Thespis" and referenced him. Thespis Thespis (; ; fl. 6th century BC) of Icaria (present-day Dionysos, Greece), according to certain Ancient Greek sources and especially Aristotle, was the first person ever to appear on stage as an actor playing a character in a play (instead of speaking as him or herself). In other sources, he is said to have introduced the first principal actor in addition to the chorus. Thespis was a singer of dithyrambs (songs about stories from mythology with choric refrains). He is credited with introducing a new style in | 1 | thespian ' is used to describe this ancient greek artist who is considered to be the first actor | None |
{
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"1967"
]
} | The Jungle Book (1967 film) The Jungle Book is a 1967 American animated musical comedy adventure film produced by Walt Disney Productions. Based on Rudyard Kipling's book of the same name, it is the 19th Disney animated feature film. Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman, it was the last film to be produced by Walt Disney, who died during its production. The plot follows Mowgli, a feral child raised in the Indian jungle by wolves, as his friends Bagheera the panther and Baloo the bear try to convince him to leave the jungle before the evil tiger Shere Khan arrives. The early </s> including $5.1 million from 279 IMAX screens, a new record for April release. Its opening marked the biggest Walt Disney Pictures film opening ever, the second-biggest for a family film (behind "Kung Fu Panda 3"), the second-biggest April debut (behind "Furious 7"), and the fourth-biggest Disney opening (behind "Avengers: Age of Ultron", "Iron Man 3", and "Star Wars: The Force Awakens"). It topped the daily box office through the whole opening week and went on to remain at the top of the box office for a second weekend, after dropping by a mere 20% to $29.8 million, despite facing some </s> its Indian audiences as the book and the Disney series based on it had been immensely popular in India in 1990s. Disney India also commissioned a contemporary recording of "Jungle Jungle Baat Chali Hai" (originally used for the popular Indian version of Japanese anime series "Jungle Book Shōnen Mowgli"), overseen by the original Hindi song's composers Vishal Bhardwaj and Gulzar, and released it as part of the film's promotional campaign in India. The film was released digitally on August 23, 2016, and on DVD and Blu-ray on August 30 (August 22 in the UK). A 3D Blu-ray was said to | 1 | when did jungle book come out in theaters | None |
{
"answer_start": [
234
],
"text": [
"1898"
]
} | a naval station, and recognized that it and Cuba generated lucrative crops of sugar – a valuable commercial commodity which the United States lacked, before the development of the sugar beet industry in the United States. On July 25, 1898, during the Spanish–American War, the U.S. invaded Puerto Rico with a landing at Guánica. As an outcome of the war, Spain ceded Puerto Rico, along with the Philippines and Guam, then under Spanish sovereignty, to the U.S. under the Treaty of Paris, which went into effect on April 11, 1899. Spain relinquished sovereignty over Cuba, but did not cede it </s> Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, nor pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. Puerto Rico's future political status has consistently been </s> the island, was approved in Spain. In the past 400-plus years, after centuries of colonial rule, Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, the Prime Minister of Spain granted the island an autonomous government on November 25, 1897 in the empire's legislative body in Cádiz, Spain, and trade was opened up with the United States and European colonies. The charter maintained a governor appointed by Spain, who held the power to veto any legislative decision he disagreed with, and a partially elected parliamentary structure. That same year, the "Partido Autonomista Ortodoxo" (Orthodox Autonomist Party), led by José Celso Barbosa and Manuel Fernández Juncos, was | 1 | when did puerto rico became an american territory | None |
{
"answer_start": [
644
],
"text": [
"Edward Michael Trucco"
]
} | Zachary Knighton Zachary Andrew Knighton (born October 25, 1978) is an American actor, most widely known for starring as Dave Rose on the ABC comedy series "Happy Endings". Prior to that, he co-starred as Dr. Bryce Varley on ABC's science fiction series "FlashForward". He also starred in the FOX sitcom "Weird Loners". Knighton was born in Alexandria, Virginia and, in 1996, graduated from Frank W. Cox High School in Virginia Beach, Virginia and the Governor's School for the Arts. Later, he attended Virginia Commonwealth University. In 2007, he starred in the horror film remake "The Hitcher", with Sophia Bush, playing </s> Michael Trucco Edward Michael Trucco (born June 22, 1970) is an American actor known for his role as Samuel T. Anders on the reimagined "Battlestar Galactica" and his recurring role as Nick Podarutti in "How I Met Your Mother". He also appeared on the 2017–2018 Netflix series "Disjointed", as Tae Kwon Douglas. A native of San Mateo, California, Trucco attended Junipero Serra High School. He is the son of a police officer, and was once interested in becoming one himself until college, when he was attracted to theatrical performance. He took a theatre course for non-majors while he was studying </s> Ian Bonar Ian Bonar is a British actor, most famous for playing the role of Dave Wiltshire in the BBC television series "Hotel Babylon". He trained at The Bristol Old Vic and has also appeared in "New Tricks". He appeared in the second series of the BBC comedy series "Green Green Grass" (in the episode "Here's to you Mrs Boyce", appearing as Simon) and in the film "Starter for Ten", playing Colin. In August 2007 he appeared in the stage version of Ma vie en rose, at the Young Vic. He co-starred as Stanley Howler in the May 2010 adaptation | 1 | who plays david underhill on big bang theory | None |
{
"answer_start": [
711
],
"text": [
"2016"
]
} | losing to the Dallas Cowboys, 24–3. The following year, the Dolphins completed the NFL's only perfect season, culminating in a Super Bowl win, winning all 14 of their regular season games, and all three of their playoff games, including Super Bowl VII. The 1972 Dolphins were the third NFL team to accomplish a perfect regular season, and won Super Bowl VIII, becoming the first team to appear in three consecutive Super Bowls, and the second team (the first AFL/AFC team) to win back-to-back championships. Miami also appeared in Super Bowl XVII and Super Bowl XIX, losing both games. For most </s> end coach Dan Campbell, a holdover from the Sparano regime, was appointed as interim head coach. On January 9, 2016, Bears offensive coordinator Adam Gase was hired as head coach. In the first round of the 2016 NFL Draft, the Dolphins selected Ole Miss tackle Laremy Tunsil, a projected first selection overall who felt down in the draft due to a controversial video published on a social media account. The Dolphins also swung a trade with the Philadelphia Eagles, sending the 8th overall pick for linebacker Kiko Alonso and cornerback Byron Maxwell and the 13th overall pick. The Adam Gase </s> of their early history, the Dolphins were coached by Don Shula, the most successful head coach in professional football history in terms of total games won. Under Shula, the Dolphins posted losing records in only two of his 26 seasons as the head coach. During the period spanning 1983 to the end of 1999, quarterback Dan Marino became one of the most prolific passers in NFL history, breaking numerous league passing records. Marino led the Dolphins to five division titles, 10 playoff appearances and Super Bowl XIX before retiring following the 1999 season. In 2008, the Dolphins became the first | 1 | when is the last time the miami dolphins made the playoffs | None |
{
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"1923"
]
} | I, being born a woman and distressed "I, being born a woman and distressed" is a poem by American author Edna St. Vincent Millay. The poem appeared in Millay's 1923 collection "The Harp-Weaver and Other Poems". The first-person speaker of the fourteen-line, Italian sonnet addresses a potential lover. She confesses to an intense physical attraction but denies the possibility of any emotional or intellectual connection. The speaker of the poem openly describes her "zest/To bear [another person's] body's weight upon [her] breast" in a physical "frenzy" (Millay 4-5, 13). This blunt admission of female sexual desire in a woman's voice </s> Amelia B. Coppuck Welby Amelia B. Coppuck Welby (pen name, Amelia; nickname, "Minstrel-girl"; February 3, 1819 - May 3, 1852) was a 19th-century American fugitive poet. In 1837, under the pen-name "Amelia," she contributed a number of poems to the Louisville "Journal," acquiring a reputation as a notable poet. She published in 1844 a small volume of poems, which quickly passed through several editions. It was republished in 1850, in New York City, in enlarged form, with illustrations by Robert Walter Weir. Though many of her poems were on the subject of death, including "The Bereaved", "The Dying Girl", "The </s> Catherine, or The Bower Catherine, or the Bower ("Kitty, or the Bower") is an unfinished novel from Jane Austen's juvenilia. With its realistic setting and characters, it represents something of a bridge between her early burlesques, and the soberer novels that made her name. Appearing in "Volume the Third" of Austen's early writing (begun in 1792), "Catherine" is itself generally dated to 1792-3. However a (substituted) reference to the Regency has been seen as linking it to the first regency crisis of 1788-9, rather than being a later interpolation; while alternatively, because of thematic parallels in Austen's letters of 1795-6 | 1 | when was i being born a woman and distressed written | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1054
],
"text": [
"16"
]
} | The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series) The Haves and the Have Nots is an American crime drama and soap opera created, executive produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The premise of the series is based on Perry's 2011 play "The Haves and the Have Nots". The show premiered on May 28, 2013 on the Oprah Winfrey Network. It is the first scripted television series to air on the network. Both the show's first and second episodes aired back-to-back on its premiere night. Each episode is one hour long. "Variety" has recognized "The Haves and the Have Nots" </s> reported on October 1, 2009, that the episode order had been reduced to four and would air as a mini-series. On January 10, 2010, it was announced that only the pilot would air, as a television movie. The NBC President of prime-time entertainment told the Television Critics Association that "it will be a pilot where you could see where it could go in series, but there will be a resolve at the end of the two hours. If the TV movie performs well the story may be continued." On May 16, 2010, "Entertainment Weekly" reported that the show would likely </s> "The Haves and the Have Nots" premiered on Tuesday, January 7, 2014. Continuing on with its ratings records from season 1, the show debuted its 2nd season with series and network high ratings. Throughout season 2, the soap has achieved several more series highs. On February 4, 2014, for example, the drama series came in as the most watched television program in all of cable television with an estimated 3.4 million viewers. Among all of OWN programming since the network's January 2011 debut, only a March 2012 "Oprah's Next Chapter" interview with Bobbi Kristina has drawn more viewers (3.5 million) | 1 | how many episodes in the haves and the have nots season 1 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1329
],
"text": [
"two"
]
} | spacer, are used for four-stroke gasoline engines. When fitting new piston rings or breaking them in within an engine, the end gap is a crucial measurement. In order that a ring may be fitted into the "grooves" of the piston, it is not continuous but is broken at one point on its circumference. The ring gap may be checked by placing the ring into the bore/liner (squared to bore) and measuring it with a feeler gauge. The end gap should be within recommended limits for size of bore and intended "load" of engine. Because metals expand with a rise in </s> plunger or piston rod. The cylinders are usually mounted in machinery by pivot mounts welded to the end or outer body of the barrel as well as on the end of the plunger. Telescopic cylinders are commonly restricted to a maximum of 6 stages. 6 stages are commonly thought to be the practical design limit as stability problems become more difficult with larger numbers of stages. There are exceptions however, with one pneumatic cylinder manufacturer successfully incorporating up to 9 stages in their cylinder designs. Telescopic cylinders require careful design as they are subjected to large side forces especially at </s> ring is for controlling the supply of oil to the liner, which lubricates the piston skirt and the compression rings (oil control rings). At least two piston rings are found on most piston and cylinder combinations. Typical compression ring designs will have an essentially rectangular cross section or a keystone (right angled trapezoidal) cross section. The periphery will then have either a barrel profile (for the top compression rings) or a taper napier form (for the second compression ring or scraper ring). There are some taper-faced top rings as well, and on some old engines simple plain-faced rings were used. | 1 | the minimum number of rings in a piston is | None |
{
"answer_start": [
209
],
"text": [
"peso"
]
} | payments crisis that plagued Argentina with severe stagflation from 1975 to 1990, including a bout of hyperinflation in 1989 and 1990. Attempting to remedy this situation, economist Domingo Cavallo pegged the peso to the U.S. dollar in 1991 and limited the growth in the money supply. His team then embarked on a path of trade liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. Inflation dropped to single digits and GDP grew by one third in four years. External economic shocks, as well as a dependency on volatile short-term capital and debt to maintain the overvalued fixed exchange rate, diluted benefits, causing erratic economic growth </s> and in 2013 this deficit widened to over US$4 billion with a record US$19 billion in service imports. The nation's chronic current account deficit was reversed during the 2002 crisis, and an average current account surplus of US$7 billion was logged between 2002 and 2009; this surplus later narrowed considerably, and has been slightly negative since 2011. Foreign direct investment in Argentina is divided nearly evenly between manufacturing (36%), natural resources (34%), and services (30%). The chemical and plastics sector (10%) and the automotive sector (6%) lead foreign investment in local manufacturing; oil and gas (22%) and mining (5%), in </s> massive inflow of dollars into the Argentine economy, which helped lower their price. For a time the administration stated and maintained a strategy of keeping the exchange rate at between 2.90 and 3.10 pesos per US dollar, in order to maintain the competitiveness of exports and encourage import substitution by local industries. When necessary, the Central Bank issues pesos and buys dollars in the free market (sometimes large amounts, in the order of 10 to US$100 million per day) to keep the dollar price from dropping, and had amassed over US$27 billion in reserves before the US$9.81 billion payment to | 1 | what kind of money is used in argentina | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1318
],
"text": [
"Justin Timberlake"
]
} | Parry Gripp Parry Gripp (born September 22, 1967 in Santa Barbara, California) is an American singer-songwriter who is the lead vocalist and guitarist for the pop punk band Nerf Herder. As a songwriter, Gripp is best known for fake jingles, as in his 2005 solo album "For Those About to Shop, We Salute You" - a 51-track concept album mimicking various musical styles as product commercials. It does not have one single concept; it goes through many various concept suites, such as trucks, beer, and insomnia. He also maintains a song-of-the-week website and a YouTube channel on which he creates </s> colors, more realistic photos of the products featured on plates and the drinks in glasses. From 2009 to 2010, McDonald's introduced new packaging worldwide. However as of 2017, McDonald's continues to have the "i'm lovin it" slogan appear on most all of its product packaging; and has made no major announcement that the company will use any other slogan exclusively in place of this one any time in the near future. McDonald's advertising McDonald's maintains an extensive advertising campaign. In addition to the usual media such as television, radio and newspaper ads, the company makes significant use of billboards and </s> I'm Lovin' It (song) "I'm Lovin' It" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake. The song was produced by The Neptunes and is credited as being written by Pharrell Williams, Tom Batoy, Andreas Forberger, and Franco Tortora. The song was written as a jingle for McDonald's commercials, based on a pre-existing German campaign originally developed as "Ich Liebe Es." Timberlake was paid $6 million to sing the jingle. Soon thereafter, the Neptunes produced a song based on the jingle and released it (along with an instrumental version) as part of a three-track EP in November 2003. A digital | 1 | who has sung the mcdonald 's jingle i am loving it | None |
{
"answer_start": [
187
],
"text": [
"Emma Watson"
]
} | for the characters were provided by Sean Foot (Shaun) and Davina Lamont and additional works were done by National Film Award winners—Christien Tinsley and Dominie Till. In January 2015, Emma Watson announced that she would be portraying Belle in a live-action version of the film, which was released in 2017. "Beauty and the Beast" was the first of the Disney remakes in which an A-list actress portrays a Disney princess. As a feminist and model, Watson suggested several changes to the character in the live-action film. For costume design Watson rejected the traditional "big princess dress" and corset for the </s> Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Nathan Mack, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson. The album debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 chart with 57,000 units, 48,000 of which are traditional album sales. It has sold 337,000 copies in the United States as of July 2017. Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack) Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film "Beauty and the Beast". The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three </s> "and "Grease" in favor of starring as Belle in "Beauty and the Beast" because she had always wanted to originate a Broadway role. Egan had never watched "Beauty and the Beast "prior to her audition, relying solely on "her own creative instincts" instead. Egan's performance earned her a Tony Award nomination for Best Actress in a Musical at the 48th Tony Awards. A total of seventeen actresses have portrayed Belle in the Broadway musical, among them recording artists Debbie Gibson and Toni Braxton, "The Sopranos"' Jamie-Lynn Sigler, and Disney Channel alumnae Christy Carlson Romano and Anneliese van der Pol, the | 1 | who sings belles part in beauty and the beast | None |
{
"answer_start": [
188
],
"text": [
"a 1951 Studebaker"
]
} | resorts to increasingly vicious means of persuasion. Meeting Fozzie Bear, who works as a hapless comedian in the El Sleezo Cafe, Kermit invites Fozzie to accompany him. The two set out in a 1951 Studebaker loaned to Fozzie by his hibernating uncle. The duo's journey includes misadventures which introduce them to a variety of eccentric human and Muppet characters, including Dr. Teeth and the Electric Mayhem and their manager Scooter, who receives a copy of the script from the pair (one of a number of self-references) at an old Presbyterian church; Gonzo, who works as a plumber, and his girlfriend </s> the commercial. Like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contains no laugh track created by the studio. The metallic mutt employs a system of miniaturized transistors which allow him to extend his limbs or neck and use them to perform extraordinary feats; however, none of them ever work properly. "B.F." (as Dynomutt lovingly refers to him) is more Dynomutt's victim than his master, forever being hamstrung by the latter's insufferably clumsy mechanized mishaps, which often results in the Blue Falcon calling Dynomutt "Dog Blunder". Nevertheless, Dynomutt and the Blue Falcon, who is equipped with his </s> Eugene the Jeep Eugene the Jeep is a character in the "Popeye" comic strip. A mysterious animal with magical or supernatural abilities, the Jeep first appeared in the March 16, 1936, appearance of "Thimble Theatre" strip (now simply "Popeye"). He was also present in animated versions of Popeye's adventures, including three appearances in the Fleischer Studios shorts of the late 1930s/early 1940s, with more extensive appearances in later "Popeye" cartoons produced for TV. In the August 9, 1936, strip, headlined "Wha's a Jeep?" Popeye asks Professor Brainstine what exactly a Jeep is. He gets the following response: When asked if | 1 | what kind of car does fozzie bear drive | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1537
],
"text": [
"scale"
]
} | sound of a note with a timbre particular to the instrument playing the note) "can be described as a combination of many simple periodic waves (i.e., sine waves) or "partials," each with its own frequency of vibration, amplitude, and phase." (See also, Fourier analysis.) A partial is any of the sine waves (or "simple tones", as Ellis calls them when translating Helmholtz) of which a complex tone is composed, not necessarily with an integer multiple of the lowest harmonic. A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series, an ideal set of frequencies that are positive integer multiples of a </s> Harmonic series (music) A harmonic series is the sequence of sounds—pure tones, represented by sinusoidal waves—in which the frequency of each sound is an integer multiple of the fundamental, the lowest frequency. Pitched musical instruments are often based on an acoustic resonator such as a string or a column of air, which oscillates at numerous modes simultaneously. At the frequencies of each vibrating mode, waves travel in both directions along the string or air column, reinforcing and canceling each other to form standing waves. Interaction with the surrounding air causes audible sound waves, which travel away from the instrument. Because </s> Tetrachord In music theory, a tetrachord (, ) is a series of four notes separated by three smaller intervals. In traditional music theory, a tetrachord always spanned the interval of a perfect fourth, a 4:3 frequency proportion—but in modern use it means any four-note segment of a scale or tone row, not necessarily related to a particular tuning system. The name comes from "tetra" (from Greek—"four of something") and "chord" (from Greek "chordon"—"string" or "note"). In ancient Greek music theory, "tetrachord" signified a segment of the greater and lesser perfect systems bounded by unmovable notes (); the notes between these | 1 | a series of single notes ascending or descending is called a | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1834
],
"text": [
"Lagavulin 16"
]
} | the hot water dissolves the sugars (maltose) and enzymes (diastase) in the grist. Then the enzymes act on the starch left over from the malting stage, continuing the conversion to sugar, and producing a sugary liquid called "wort". Typically, each batch of grist is mashed three times or so to extract all the fermentable sugars. The first water is injected at approximately 60 °C, the second portion at approximately 72 °C and the third and final portion at approximately 88 °C. The wort from the first two water courses is drained into "washback" vessels for further processing, whereas the third </s> Canadian Mist Canadian Mist is a brand of blended Canadian whisky produced by the Brown-Forman Corporation. It is distilled in Collingwood, Ontario, under the guidance of master distiller Harold Ferguson, and is bottled at 40% alcohol by volume in bottle sizes up to 1.75 L. The mash bill contains corn, rye, and malted barley. It is triple-distilled using a continuous distillation process, and it is aged in charred white oak barrels in a temperature-controlled facility. The brand was established in 1967 in Collingwood using waters from Georgian Bay. The product won a "double gold medal" award at the 2009 annual </s> World Spirits Competition, for instance, gave the 16-year four consecutive double gold medals between 2005 and 2008 and has awarded it gold medals in the years since. "Wine Enthusiast Magazine" put the 16-year in its 90–95 point interval in 2004. Spirits ratings aggregator proof66.com, which averages scores from the San Francisco Spirits Competition, "Wine Enthusiast", and others, classifies the spirit in its highest ("Tier 1") performance category. The single malt whisky that Frank is discussing with Jim in the supermarket in the 2002 film "Bad Company (2002 film)" is from the Lagavulin distillery. Lagavulin 16 is the preferred scotch of | 1 | what whiskey does ron swanson drink on parks and recreation | None |
{
"answer_start": [
611
],
"text": [
"complements"
]
} | importantly, food rationing is a result of direct government action, and credit rationing is a market outcome. Three main types of credit rationing can usually be distinguished: One of the main roles markets play is allocational; they allocate goods to the buyers with the highest valuation. Market equilibrium occurs when the demand of a good at the equilibrium price is equal to the supply of the good. If prices are deemed "too high" by the consumers, supply will exceed demand, and sellers will have to reduce their prices until the market clears (i.e. equilibrium is reached). On the other hand, </s> are "complements"; that is, one is used with the other. In these cases the cross elasticity of demand will be "negative", as shown by the decrease in demand for cars when the price for fuel will rise. In the case of perfect substitutes, the cross elasticity of demand is equal to positive infinity (at the point when both goods can be consumed). Where the two goods are "independent", or, as described in consumer theory, if a good is independent in demand then the demand of that good is independent of the quantity consumed of all other goods available to the </s> Substitute good A substitute good is a good that can be used in place of another. In consumer theory, substitute goods or substitutes are products that a consumer perceives as similar or comparable, so that having more of one product makes them desire less of the other product. Formally, "X" and "Y" are substitutes if, when the price of "X" rises, the demand for "Y" rises. Potatoes from different farms are an example: if the price of one farm's potatoes goes up, then it can be presumed that fewer people will buy potatoes from that farm and source them from | 1 | if the price of crackers goes up when the price of cheese goes down crackers and cheese are | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1513
],
"text": [
"around 1982"
]
} | user booted the computer from the disk, usually inadvertently. Personal computers of the era would attempt to boot first from a floppy if one had been left in the drive. Until floppy disks fell out of use, this was the most successful infection strategy and boot sector viruses were the most common in the "wild" for many years. Traditional computer viruses emerged in the 1980s, driven by the spread of personal computers and the resultant increase in bulletin board system (BBS), modem use, and software sharing. Bulletin board–driven software sharing contributed directly to the spread of Trojan horse programs, and </s> Byte Bandit Byte Bandit is a boot sector computer virus created for the Commodore Amiga. It first appeared in January 1988, and was created by SCA. It was one of the most feared Amiga viruses until the infamous Lamer Exterminator, because not only did it spread from system to system automatically, it was also destructive. Byte Bandit made no attempt to disguise itself as modern viruses, trojans, and worms do. While it naturally over-wrote the bootblock, it also hooked into the system, remaining reset-resident and causing system data corruption and system failures. The virus increments a copy counter every time </s> Elk Cloner Elk Cloner is one of the first known microcomputer viruses that spread "in the wild", "i.e.", outside the computer system or laboratory in which it was written. It attached itself to the Apple II operating system and spread by floppy disk. It was written around 1982 by programmer and entrepreneur Rich Skrenta as a 15-year-old high school student, originally as a joke, and put onto a game disk. Elk Cloner spread by infecting the Apple DOS 3.3 operating system using a technique now known as a boot sector virus. It was attached to a game which was then | 1 | the first computer virus was created on an apple computer in | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1480
],
"text": [
"JJ"
]
} | pool in their party dresses. Meanwhile, Amanda's sister-in-law Claudia Carrington accidentally sets the hotel on fire. In the seventh season premiere episode "The Victory," Amanda is trampled in the chaos surrounding the fire but rescued by a mysterious stranger. He turns out to be Michael Culhane, her father's former chauffeur who had been fired (and beaten up by Blake's thugs) in the first season for having an affair with Fallon. Now grateful to Michael, Blake offers him his job back, but is no happier than before when Michael and Amanda begin dating. Amanda is warned about Michael by sister Fallon, </s> Filling Tanous' place in the series is Heather Dubrow who is described as a "former actress and now stay-at-home mother of four, who's married to a prominent Newport Beach plastic surgeon." Vicki Gunvalson's divorce from Donn continues to process as she and her boyfriend Brooks Ayers are met with resistance from friends and family which forever damage Gunvalson's relationships. Vicki puts her home up for sale as she ventures in to her new life. Tamra Barney's relationship with her boyfriend Eddie Judge becomes increasingly serious. The relationship continues to develop after a trip in Bora Bora when Eddie proposes. Barney </s> married to Detective William "Will" LaMontagne. They have two sons Henry and Michael. As of season 13 she and Matt Simmons are the only members of the BAU who are married with children. Prior to her courtship and marriage to Will, JJ displayed little interest in dating. She once went on a date with Spencer Reid to a Washington Redskins game, but little came of it romantically, although the two became very good friends. In the season 2 episode "Jones", JJ first meets William "Will" LaMontagne, Jr. a NOPD detective whom the team worked with while in New Orleans after | 1 | who gets married in criminal minds season 7 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1871
],
"text": [
"Chief Election Commissioner"
]
} | money which a candidate can spend during election campaigns. These limits have been revised over time. The Election Commission, by appointing expenditure observers from the Indian Revenue Service, keeps an eye on the individual account of election expenditure. The commission takes details of the candidate's assets on affidavit at the time of submitting nomination paper, who are also required to give details of their expenditure within 30 days of the declaration of results. The campaign period has also been reduced by the commission from 21 to 14 days for Lok Sabha and Assembly elections to cut down election expenditure. In </s> of all government control. Without the government interference, the commission performs its functions and conduct of nationwide general elections as well as for the by-elections which is decided by the Election Commission itself. The preparation of polling schemes, the appointment of polling personnel, assignments of voters and arrangements for the maintenance of law and order are under the control, supervision and directions of the Election Commission. During its rulings and judgements in the case "" Election Commission v. Javed Hashmi", the Supreme Court held that "in the election matters the Election Tribunals which are to be appointed by the Chief </s> Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Conditions of Service) Rules, 1992". Election Commissioner of India Election Commissioners of India are members of Election Commission of India, a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and state legislatures. The Election Commissioners are usually retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officers. Until 1989, the commission was a single member body, but later two additional Election Commissioners were added. Thus, the Election Commission currently consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. The decisions of the commission are taken by a majority vote.Sunil Arorais the current Chief | 1 | who acts as the chairman of election commission | None |
{
"answer_start": [
99
],
"text": [
"American football"
]
} | Sports in the United States Sports in the United States are an important part of American culture. American football is the most popular sport in the United States followed by basketball, baseball, and soccer. Tennis, golf, hockey, wrestling, auto racing, arena football, field lacrosse, box lacrosse and volleyball are also popular sports in the country. Based on revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United States are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL). The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly </s> Sweden, the Czech Republic, and Russia.) One of the nation's greatest ever sporting moments was the "Miracle on Ice", which came during the 1980 Winter Olympics when the U.S. hockey team beat the Soviet Union 4–3 in the first game of the medal round before going on to beat Finland to claim the gold medal. Historically, the vast majority of NHL players had come from Canada, with a small number of Americans. As late as 1969–70, Canadian players made up 95 percent of the league. During the 1970s and 1980s, European players entered the league, and many players from the </s> upper Midwest. However, since the 1990s, hockey has become increasingly popular in the Sun Belt due in large part to the expansion of the National Hockey League to the southern U.S., coupled with the mass relocation of many residents from northern cities with strong hockey support to these Sun Belt locations. The NHL is the major professional hockey league in North America, with 24 U.S.-based teams and 7 Canadian-based teams competing for the Stanley Cup. While NHL stars are still not as readily familiar to the general American public as are stars of the NFL, MLB, and the NBA, average | 1 | what is the most viewed sport in america | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1019
],
"text": [
"Versailles"
]
} | theories were given credence by the fact that when Germany surrendered in November 1918, its armies were still on French and Belgian territory. Furthermore, on the Eastern Front, Germany had already won the war against Russia and concluded the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. In the West, Germany had seemed to have come close to winning the war with the Spring Offensive earlier in 1918. Its failure was blamed on strikes in the arms industry at a critical moment of the offensive, leaving soldiers with an inadequate supply of materiel. The strikes were regarded by nationalists as having been instigated by traitors, </s> position in the event of renewed hostilities. Upon receiving this, the new government recommended signing the treaty. The National Assembly voted in favour of signing the treaty by 237 to 138, with five abstentions (there were 421 delegates in total). This result was wired to Clemenceau just hours before the deadline. Foreign minister Hermann Müller and colonial minister Johannes Bell travelled to Versailles to sign the treaty on behalf of Germany. The treaty was signed on 28 June 1919 and ratified by the National Assembly on 9 July by a vote of 209 to 116. Conservatives, nationalists and ex-military leaders </s> Triple Entente—went to war. As the conflict progressed, additional countries from around the globe became drawn into the conflict on both sides. Fighting would rage across Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia for the next four years. In 1917, two revolutions occurred within the Russian Empire, which led to the collapse of the Imperial Government and the rise of the Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Lenin. On 6 April 1917, the United States entered the war against the Central Powers. The motives were twofold: German submarine warfare against merchant ships trading with France and Britain, which led to the | 1 | where was the treaty of versailles signed at | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1549
],
"text": [
"Tabitha Lupien"
]
} | two then walk off hand-in-hand. Voices The famous TriStar Pictures theme music, composed by Dave Grusin, was played during the scene when Julie practices walking. A variation exists at the beginning of the logo when Bruce Willis (voice of Mikey) was doing a Mister Ed imitation. The bum teaser at the end of the first film portrayed an uncredited Joan Rivers, providing the voice of Julie. Due to scheduling conflicts, she declined the role. Also in the early trailer, Richard Pryor was originally going to be the voice of Eddie. Also appearing are Olympia Dukakis, Elias Koteas, and Gilbert Gottfried. </s> movie picks up with the now married Mollie (Kristie Alley) and James (John Travolta) having sex and Mikey (voice of Bruce Willis) getting scared. Mollie and James tell Mikey that he's got to be potty trained. Mollie discovers she's pregnant again (this time a girl) and James is working diligently. Mikey learns that with his little sister, Julie, on the way, he has to be a responsible big brother. When Julie is about to be born, her umbilical cord gets caught around her neck, putting her in distress. She is born through a c-section and is taken to the nursery </s> Look Who's Talking Now Look Who's Talking Now is a 1993 American romantic comedy film and the third and final installment in the film series that began with "Look Who's Talking" in 1989. It finds John Travolta and Kirstie Alley reprising their roles as James and Mollie Ubriacco, respectively, and introducing the newly extended family members to it. David Gallagher and Tabitha Lupien portray Mikey and Julie respectively. Unlike the previous films, it does not feature the voiceover talents of Bruce Willis, Roseanne Barr, Damon Wayans, Joan Rivers, or Mel Brooks as their interior monologues; rather, Danny DeVito and Diane | 1 | who played julie on look whos talking now | None |
{
"answer_start": [
875
],
"text": [
"Charles Darwin"
]
} | Timeline of human evolution The timeline of human evolution outlines the major events in the development of the human species, "Homo sapiens", and the evolution of the human's ancestors. It includes brief explanations of some of the species, genera, and the higher ranks of taxa that are seen today as possible ancestors of modern humans. This timeline is based on studies from anthropology, paleontology, developmental biology, morphology, and from anatomical and genetic data. It does not address the origin of life. That discussion is provided by abiogenesis, but presents one "possible line of evolutionary descent" of species that eventually led </s> identified; these may have arisen from a single common ancestor that lived 650 million years ago in the Precambrian. Universal common descent through an evolutionary process was first proposed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin in the concluding sentence of his 1859 book "On the Origin of Species": In the 1740s, the French mathematician Pierre Louis Maupertuis made the first known suggestion that all organisms had a common ancestor, and had diverged through random variation and natural selection. In "Essai de cosmologie" (1750), Maupertuis noted: May we not say that, in the fortuitous combination of the productions of Nature, since </s> another, implying that if parsimony is producing false hypotheses of relationships due to homoplasy, then the Maximum Likelihood or Bayesian methods are doing so as well. Lamarck is best known for his "Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics" in 1801. His theory states that the characteristics an organism acquires throughout its life in order to adapt to its environment are passed down to its offspring. For example, Lamarck believed that the long necks of giraffes evolved as generations of giraffes reached for ever higher leaves of a tree. Their offspring and later generations inherited the resulting long necks. Character evolution | 1 | who is credited with linking characteristics of living organisms to past ancestors | None |
{
"answer_start": [
852
],
"text": [
"Europe"
]
} | was 496 and in science 501. The results show distinct groups of high-performers in mathematics: the East Asian countries, with Shanghai, scoring the best result of 613, followed closely by Hong Kong, Japan, Chinese Taipei and South Korea. Among the Europeans, Liechtenstein and Switzerland performed best, with Netherlands, Estonia, Finland, Poland, Belgium, Germany, Austria all posting mathematics scores "not significantly statistically different from" one another. The United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand were similarly clustered around the OECD average of 494, with the USA trailing this group at 481. Qatar, Kazakhstan and Malaysia were the countries which showed the </s> The Lisbon Summit of 2000 defined languages as one of the five key skills. In fact, even in 1974, at least one foreign language was compulsory in all but two European member states: Ireland and the United Kingdom (apart from Scotland). By 1998 nearly all pupils in Europe studied at least one foreign language as part of their compulsory education, the only exception being the Republic of Ireland, where primary and secondary schoolchildren learn both Irish and English, but neither is considered a foreign language although a third European language is also taught. Pupils in upper secondary education learn at </s> to which the nationality holder has settlement access. Weight of Settlement Freedom accounts for 15% of the total QNI General Ranking scale. As of 2017, France's quality of nationality is ranked the best in the world, according to the latest edition of the Quality of Nationality Index (QNI). The French nationality earned a score of 81.7% out of a possible 100%, fractionally ahead of Germany. While the difference between France's and Germany's results is relatively small, France's comparative advantage lies in its greater settlement freedom (attributable mainly to the country's former colonial empire). France's quality of nationality is ranked the | 1 | best country with english as a second language | None |
{
"answer_start": [
654
],
"text": [
"Carl Wilhelm Scheele"
]
} | September 30, 1774, that described his discovery of the previously unknown substance, but Lavoisier never acknowledged receiving it (a copy of the letter was found in Scheele's belongings after his death). Lavoisier conducted the first adequate quantitative experiments on oxidation and gave the first correct explanation of how combustion works. He used these and similar experiments, all started in 1774, to discredit the phlogiston theory and to prove that the substance discovered by Priestley and Scheele was a chemical element. In one experiment, Lavoisier observed that there was no overall increase in weight when tin and air were heated in </s> Carl Wilhelm Scheele Carl Wilhelm Scheele (, ; 9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a Swedish Pomeranian and German pharmaceutical chemist. Isaac Asimov called him "hard-luck Scheele" because he made a number of chemical discoveries before others who are generally given the credit. For example, Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified molybdenum, tungsten, barium, hydrogen, and chlorine before Humphry Davy, among others. Scheele discovered organic acids tartaric, oxalic, uric, lactic, and citric, as well as hydrofluoric, hydrocyanic, and arsenic acids. He preferred speaking German to Swedish his whole life, as German was </s> Polytechnique, Louis Jacques Thénard, Gay-Lussac also participated in early electrochemical research, investigating the elements discovered by its means. Among other achievements, they decomposed boric acid by using fused potassium, thus discovering the element boron. The two also took part in contemporary debates that modified Lavoisier's definition of acids and furthered his program of analyzing organic compounds for their oxygen and hydrogen content. The element iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811. Courtois gave samples to his friends, Charles Bernard Desormes (1777–1862) and Nicolas Clément (1779–1841), to continue research. He also gave some of the substance to Gay-Lussac | 1 | chemist who contributed towards the discovery of oxygen | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1681
],
"text": [
"ileocecal valve"
]
} | of the sigmoid colon are muscular, and contract to increase the pressure inside the colon, causing the stool to move into the rectum. The sigmoid colon is supplied with blood from several branches (usually between 2 and 6) of the sigmoid arteries, a branch of the IMA. The IMA terminates as the superior rectal artery. Sigmoidoscopy is a common diagnostic technique used to examine the sigmoid colon. The rectum is the last section of the large intestine. It holds the formed feces awaiting elimination via defecation. The cecum – the first part of the large intestine The taenia coli run </s> Superior mesenteric vessels The superior mesenteric vessels are composed of the superior mesenteric artery and the superior mesenteric vein. In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas. The superior mesenteric artery lies to the left of the similarly named vein, the superior mesenteric vein. The superior mesenteric vein drains blood from the small intestine, large intestine, stomach, pancreas and appendix. At </s> Cecum The cecum or caecum (, plural ceca ; from the Latin "caecus" meaning blind) is an intraperitoneal pouch that is considered to be the beginning of the large intestine. It is typically located on the right side of the body (the same side of the body as the appendix, to which it is joined). It receives chyme from the ileum, and connects to the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve (ICV) or Bauhin's valve. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. While the cecum is | 1 | where does the large intestine connect to the small intestine | None |
{
"answer_start": [
689
],
"text": [
"Matthew Charles Labyorteaux"
]
} | began his career performing comedy at the age of nine. As a teenager, he spent several summers at Stagedoor Manor Performing Arts Center in New York, and attended the Baltimore School for the Arts. Charles's film debut was in fellow Baltimore native John Waters' "Hairspray" in 1988. The following year, he starred alongside Robin Williams and Ethan Hawke in the Oscar-winning "Dead Poets Society". Subsequent film roles have included "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead", "Threesome", "Pie in the Sky", "Muppets from Space", "S.W.A.T", "Four Brothers", "After.Life", "Crossing the Bridge", and "Brief Interviews with Hideous Men". On television, Charles played </s> Matthew Labyorteaux Matthew Charles Labyorteaux (born December 8, 1966) is an American film, television and voice actor. In many of his credits, his last name is spelled as "Laborteaux". He is also credited as Matthew Charles for his work in animation. He may be best known for portraying Albert Quinn Ingalls on "Little House on the Prairie" from 1978–83. He is also known as the voice of Jaden Yuki in "Yu-Gi-Oh! GX" from 2005–08 for his younger audience. Labyorteaux began working in commercials at the age of seven, having been discovered while accompanying his older brother, Patrick Labyorteaux, to a </s> and two on punts. Considered a four-star recruit by "Rivals.com", he was rated as the 37th best wide receiver prospect of his class. He accepted a scholarship offer and committed to play college football at the University of Notre Dame. Sanders was an American child actor whose notable roles include the movie "Ray", where he played a young Ray Charles, and the television show "Six Feet Under", where he played Anthony Charles-Fisher in a number of episodes. He was nominated for several awards for his performance in "Ray", including a Black Reel Award, an NAACP Image Award, an OFTA Award, | 1 | who played young charles on little house on the prairie | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1230
],
"text": [
"Dmitri Mendeleev"
]
} | While many leading chemists refused to believe Lavoisier's new revelations, the "Elementary Treatise" was written well enough to convince the younger generation. However, Lavoisier's descriptions of his elements lack completeness, as he only classified them as metals and non-metals. In 1815, the English physician and chemist William Prout noticed that atomic weights seemed to be multiples of that of hydrogen. In 1817, Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, a chemist, began to formulate one of the earliest attempts to classify the elements. In 1829, he found that he could form some of the elements into groups of three, with the members of each </s> History of the periodic table The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements and are organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations and recurring chemical properties. Elements are presented in order of increasing atomic number. The standard form of the table consists of a grid of elements with rows called periods and columns called groups. The history of the periodic table reflects over a century of growth in the understanding of chemical properties. The most important event in its history occurred in 1869, when the table was published by Dmitri Mendeleev, who built upon earlier </s> Julius Lothar Meyer Julius Lothar Meyer (19 August 1830 – 11 April 1895) was a German chemist. He was one of the pioneers in developing the first periodic table of chemical elements. Both Mendeleev and Meyer worked with Robert Bunsen. He never used his first given name, and was known throughout his life simply as Lothar Meyer. Lothar Meyer was born in Varel, Germany (then part of the Duchy of Oldenburg). He was the son of Friedrich August Meyer, a physician, and Anna Biermann. After attending the Altes Gymnasium in Oldenburg, he studied medicine at the University of Zurich in | 1 | who made the first periodic table of elements | None |
{
"answer_start": [
449
],
"text": [
"18"
]
} | age twenty-five or within seven years of the commission of the crime, whichever is longer. 22-22-7.3. Sexual contact with child under sixteen years of age—Violation as misdemeanor. Any person, younger than sixteen years of age, who knowingly engages in sexual contact with another person, other than his or her spouse, if such other person is younger than sixteen years of age, is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. The age of consent in Tennessee is 18. A close-in-age exemption allows minors aged 13–17 to engage in sexual acts with partners less than 4 years older. Penalties differ depending on the </s> to work there. By contrast, grocery stores can sell beer in the main shopping area. Another inconsistency involves the difference between legal ages for buying and selling alcoholic beverages. The legal age for "purchase" is 21, as in all U.S. states. However, the legal age for "selling" or "serving" alcoholic beverages in a licensed establishment is 20. The ABC uses very specific terminology to classify the state's 120 counties as "wet", "dry", "moist", or dry with special provisions. In popular usage, "moist" has a much broader meaning than the ABC's specific usage. In addition to the ABC definition, "moist" can </s> constitutions, or (c) own at least 40 acres of land or $500 in property. Any Georgian who had fought in any war from the American Revolution through the Spanish–American War was exempted from these additional qualifications. More importantly, any Georgian descended from a veteran of any of these wars also was exempted. Because by 1908 many white Georgia males were grandsons of veterans and/or owned the required property, the exemption and the property requirement basically allowed only well-to-do whites to vote. The qualifications of good character, citizenship knowledge, and literacy (all determined subjectively by white registrars), and property ownership were | 1 | how old do you have to be to smoke cigarettes in georgia | None |
{
"answer_start": [
749
],
"text": [
"Phil Lesh"
]
} | Rebekah Johnson Rebecca Johnson, also credited as Rebekah and Rebecca Jordan (born September 3, 1976), is an American singer-songwriter and actress from Ohio. She wrote the song "Beautiful Disaster" for Kelly Clarkson. Rebecca's own music is a mix of pop, jazz, soul, and americana. Rebecca composes on both piano and guitar. Johnson grew up in Cleveland, Ohio. She got her start singing in church. In 1998, Rebecca recorded "Remember to Breathe" for Elektra, the radio singles were "Sin So Well" (No. 80 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart) and "Hey Genius". Rebecca sought and was eventually granted a release </s> Box of Rain "Box of Rain" is a song by the Grateful Dead, from their 1970 album "American Beauty". The song was composed by bassist Phil Lesh and lyricist Robert Hunter, and sung by Lesh. In later years, the song was a favorite and the crowd would shout "Let Phil sing!" to hear the song. "Box of Rain" is a song that is drawn from American folk and country musical roots. This is true of many Grateful Dead tunes, and most of the songs on "American Beauty" and their other 1970 release "Workingman's Dead". As the first song on "American </s> Beauty in the World "Beauty in the World" is a song by American singer Macy Gray from her fifth studio album, "The Sellout" (2010). It was released digitally in the United States on March 30, 2010, as the album's lead single. The song was featured in the final scene of the series finale of the ABC comedy-drama series "Ugly Betty" on April 14, 2010, titled "Hello Goodbye", as well as in the films "Killers" (2010) and "A Little Bit of Heaven" (2011), and in Microsoft videos for Internet Explorer 9. "The Sellout", Gray's fifth album and first since her under-performing | 1 | who sings box of rain on american beauty | None |
{
"answer_start": [
-1
],
"text": [
"$1"
]
} | formats—the Teen Tournament, College Championship, and Teachers Tournament; it previously applied to the Seniors Tournament, the Million Dollar Masters Tournament, and starting with the second round (15 players), Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades: The standard tie-breaker round is in effect at the end of a quarterfinal, semifinal, or if the game is tied after the two-legged tie in the final. The format was first used in tournament play. Triple Zero Score: All three players are eliminated from contention for an automatic berth to the next round. An additional wild card is added. Players with a score of zero are still </s> each episode, makes his return appearances, he misreads categories in the same manner as Connery and insists that he be addressed as "Turd Ferguson" because he finds that name funny. At the end of almost every sketch, all three celebrities have scores in the negative thousands of dollars, and in most cases, a humorous, often sexual, Final Jeopardy! punchline is delivered by Connery. In one of his sketches, Reynolds is declared an unquestioned winner, even though he wins simply because he has the least amount of negative money, rather than actually earning a victory. When Trebek ends the show, he </s> for his selected charity, the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Four contestants on the Trebek version have won a game with the lowest amount possible ($1). The first was U.S. Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Darryl Scott, on the episode that aired January 19, 1993; the second was Benjamin Salisbury, on a "Celebrity Jeopardy!" episode that aired April 30, 1997; the third was Brandi Chastain, on the "Celebrity Jeopardy!" episode that aired February 9, 2001; and the fourth was U.S. Navy Lieutenant Manny Abell, on the episode that aired October 17, 2017. "Jeopardy!" has been featured in a number of films, | 1 | what is the lowest winning score on jeopardy | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1561
],
"text": [
"aleatoric music"
]
} | Western classical music, but the definition of composition is broad enough to include the creation of popular music and traditional music songs and instrumental pieces, and to include spontaneously improvised works like those of free jazz performers and African percussionists such as Ewe drummers. Although in the 2000s, composition is considered to consist of the manipulation of each aspect of music (harmony, melody, form, rhythm, and timbre), according to Jean-Benjamin de : Since the invention of sound recording, a classical piece or popular song may exist as a recording. If music is composed before being performed, music can be performed </s> as those found in classical, jazz or other forms of art and traditional music. In popular and folk music, the composer is usually called a songwriter, since the music generally takes the form of a song. Since the mid-20th century, the term has expanded to accommodate creators of electroacoustic music, in which composers directly create sonic material in any of the various electronic media, such as reel-to-reel tape and electronic effects units, which may be presented to an audience by replaying a tape or other sound recording, or by having live instrumentalists and singers perform with prerecorded material. This is </s> musician should create musical sounds. Examples range from avant-garde music that uses graphic notation, to text compositions such as "Aus den sieben Tagen", to computer programs that select sounds for musical pieces. Music that makes heavy use of randomness and chance is called aleatoric music, and is associated with contemporary composers active in the 20th century, such as John Cage, Morton Feldman, and Witold Lutosławski. A more commonly known example of chance-based music is the sound of wind chimes jingling in a breeze. The study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of Western classical | 1 | when the sounds in a composition are left to chance we call this type of music | None |
{
"answer_start": [
812
],
"text": [
"Jan. 1969"
]
} | Knights of the Galaxy Knights of the Galaxy was a short-lived science fiction series published by DC Comics. They first appear in "Mystery in Space" #1, (April–May 1951), and starred in the first eight issues of the series. They were created by Robert Kanigher and Carmine Infantino. The Knights were a peace-keeping force in the 30th Century (some sources say 25th), based on the Gala space station. The only named Knight was Lyle (no last name), Space Commando. The Knights' chief scientist was Ora (again, no last name), girl friend of Lyle and daughter of Arthro, their commander. A skewed </s> Guardians of the Galaxy (1969 team) The original Guardians of the Galaxy are a superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Guardians first appear in "Marvel Super-Heroes" #18 (Jan. 1969). Roy Thomas recounted, The team first appeared in the partial reprint title "Marvel Super-Heroes" with issue #18 (Jan. 1969), written by Arnold Drake and penciled by Gene Colan. Despite strong sales on this issue, the Guardians of the Galaxy would not appear again for over five years, in "Marvel Two-In-One" #4–5 (July–Sept. 1974). The story's writer, Steve Gerber, liked the team enough to use them </s> again in "Giant Size Defenders" #5 and "Defenders" #26–29 (July–Nov. 1975). In each case, other heroes such as Captain America, the Thing, and the Defenders aid them in their war against the alien Badoon, necessitating the liberal use of time travel in these stories. The Guardians were finally given their own series, "Marvel Presents", starting with issue #3 (Feb. 1976). Steve Gerber, still handling the writing chores, reflected, "Most of the stories I was scripting were set in the present. I wanted to do something that combined the standard superhero elements with something a little different, so that I could | 1 | when did guardians of the galaxy comic first come out | None |
{
"answer_start": [
941
],
"text": [
"Genevieve"
]
} | Jason tries, but fails, to save Menand, who is promptly run over by a bus and killed at the exact time (11:46 pm). Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) investigate the case, learning that Jason was taken into custody after the bus driver told police that he pushed Menand into the path of his vehicle. However, Jason tells authorities that he was trying to save Menand. The security guard who arrested the old man is found frozen to death after exposure to a chemical refrigerant. Mulder interviews Jason, who explains Menand threatened to go public with a </s> John. The group takes it, in turn, to pull an item from the time capsule and then decides to play Assassins, which they often played during their childhood. For the prize, they decide the winner will be granted one wish. Lara Jean is determined to win since she has never previously won a game. After the party, Lara Jean and Peter argue about John and Genevieve, and Peter insists there is only friendship between him and his ex. During the Assassins game, Lara Jean discovers that Peter and Geneveive have formed an alliance, causing her to become suspicious again. Lara </s> Petergeist "Petergeist" is the 26th episode from season four of Fox animated series "Family Guy". Peter decides to build a multiplex to top Joe's new home theater, but comes across an Indian skull in his backyard and desecrates it. As a result, a poltergeist haunts the Griffins' house and spirits drag Stewie away to the other side, followed by even stranger events. The episode was written by Alec Sulkin and Wellesley Wild and it was directed by Sarah Frost. This episode features guest appearances from Phil LaMarr, Lori Alan, Adam West, Carrot Top, and Bob Costas as well as several | 1 | who took the video of peter and lara jean | None |
{
"answer_start": [
877
],
"text": [
"1912"
]
} | Field in Cleveland. On Wednesday, June 17, 2009, the park celebrated its 500th consecutive Red Sox sellout. According to WBZ-TV, the team joined three NBA teams which achieved 500 consecutive home sellouts. The sellout streak ended on April 11, 2013; in all the Red Sox sold out 794 regular season games and an additional 26 postseason games during this streak. The park's address was originally 24 Jersey Street. In 1977, the section of Jersey Street nearest the park was renamed Yawkey Way in honor of longtime Red Sox owner Tom Yawkey, and the park's address was 4 Yawkey Way until </s> Green Monster The Green Monster is a popular nickname for the high left field wall at Fenway Park, home to the Boston Red Sox baseball team. The wall is 310 feet from home plate and is a popular target for right-handed hitters. The wall was part of the original ballpark construction of 1912, along Fenway's north side facing Lansdowne Street. It is made of wood and was covered in tin and concrete in 1934. It was then covered with hard plastic in 1976. A manual scoreboard is set into the wall, which has been there, in one form or another, </s> Wally the Green Monster Wally the Green Monster is the official mascot for the Boston Red Sox. His name is derived from the Green Monster, the nickname of the 37-foot 2-inch wall in left field at Fenway Park. Wally debuted on April 13, 1997 to the chagrin of many older Red Sox fans. Although he was a big hit with children, older fans did not immediately adopt him as part of the franchise. As of , Wally has become more accepted by Red Sox fans of all ages, largely due to broadcaster Jerry Remy creating stories about him and sharing | 1 | when was the green monster added to fenway park | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1738
],
"text": [
"the 1770s"
]
} | calm at the time. The "Explorer" was confirmed by the Chilean Navy to have sunk at approximately position: 62° 24′ South, 57° 16′ West, in roughly 600 m of water. The Southern Ocean, geologically the youngest of the oceans, was formed when Antarctica and South America moved apart, opening the Drake Passage, roughly 30 million years ago. The separation of the continents allowed the formation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. With a northern limit at 60°S, the Southern Ocean differs from the other oceans in that its largest boundary, the northern boundary, does not abut a landmass (as it did </s> The IHO included the ocean and its definition as the waters south of 60°S in its year 2000 revisions, but this has not been formally adopted, due to continuing impasses over other areas of the text, such as the naming dispute over the Sea of Japan. The 2000 IHO definition, however, was circulated in a draft edition in 2002 and is used by some within the IHO and by some other organizations such as the US Central Intelligence Agency and Merriam-Webster. Australian authorities regard the Southern Ocean as lying immediately south of Australia. The National Geographic Society does not recognize </s> Southern Ocean The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters. By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the | 1 | when did the southern ocean become a thing | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1315
],
"text": [
"North Carolina"
]
} | as "a thrilling, undeniably heart-stopping, instant classic of a title game". ESPN staff writer Eamonn Brennan also called the game an "instant classic" and said both teams "were flying around the floor, playing high-level, pinpoint basketball and trading great plays". The Associated Press called the final basket "as memorable as any [points] that have been scored in the history of this tournament". Writing for "USA Today", Nicole Auerbach called Villanova's performance "one of the most improbable and offensively insane NCAA tournament runs", ending with "one of the most thrilling championship games in tournament history". Villanova's championship win was so unexpected </s> and the No. 2 Alabama Crimson Tide, who shut out the No. 3 Michigan State Spartans 38–0 at the Cotton Bowl Classic, coached by Nick Saban. The 13–1 Alabama Crimson Tide won the game, holding off the undefeated Clemson Tigers 45–40 in the fourth quarter. Accompanied by a talented receiving corps, Clemson's Heisman Finalist quarterback Deshaun Watson had a historic performance, setting the record for most total yards in national championship game history, with 478 yards (405 passing / 73 rushing) against the nation's third-ranked defense in Alabama, breaking the record previously set by Vince Young in the 2006 Rose </s> Four, North Carolina beat Oregon (making their first Final Four appearance since 1939) while Gonzaga defeated South Carolina (both making their first ever Final Four appearance). North Carolina then defeated Gonzaga 71–65 to win the national championship. A total of 68 teams entered the 2017 tournament, with all 32 conference tournament winners receiving an automatic bid. The Ivy League, which previously granted its automatic tournament bid to its regular season champion, hosted a postseason tournament to determine a conference champion for the first time. In previous years, had the Ivy League had two schools tied for first in the standings, | 1 | who won the national championship in men 's basketball last year | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1358
],
"text": [
"carina"
]
} | artery. The musculophrenic artery also gives branches to the lower part of the pericardium, and others which run backward to the diaphragm, and downward to the abdominal muscles. The posterior intercostal arteries are arteries that supply blood to the intercostal spaces. There are eleven posterior intercostal arteries on each side. The right aortic intercostals are longer than the left because of the position of the aorta on the left side of the vertebral column; they pass across the bodies of the vertebrae behind the esophagus, thoracic duct, and azygos vein, and are covered by the right lung and pleura. The </s> of blood occurs. In birds, mammals, and some other reptiles (alligators in particular) the partitioning of both chambers is complete. Atrium (heart) The atrium is the upper chamber in which blood enters the heart. There are two atria in the human heart – the left atrium connected to the lungs, and the right atrium connected to the venous circulation. The atria receive blood, and when the heart muscle contracts they pump blood to the ventricles. All animals with a closed circulatory system have at least one atrium/auricle (humans have two atria). The atrium used to be called the "auricle", and </s> supported by cartilage are known as bronchioles. No gas exchange takes place in the bronchi. The trachea (windpipe) divides at the carina into two main or primary bronchi, the left bronchus and the right bronchus. The carina of the trachea is located at the level of the sternal angle and the fifth thoracic vertebra (at rest). The right main bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left main bronchus. It enters the right lung at approximately the fifth thoracic vertebra. The right main bronchus subdivides into three secondary bronchi (also known as lobar bronchi), which deliver oxygen to | 1 | the point at which the trachea divides into the two mainstem bronchi is called the | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Billy Redden"
]
} | Billy Redden Billy Redden (born 1956) is an American actor, best known for his role as a backwoods, mountain boy in the 1972 film "Deliverance". He played Lonnie, a banjo-playing teenager in north Georgia, who played the noted "Dueling Banjos" with Drew Ballinger (Ronny Cox). The film was critically acclaimed and received nominations for awards in several categories. Redden was born in Rabun County, Georgia. At the age of sixteen, he was selected for "Deliverance" from his school in Georgia by director John Boorman. He portrayed a banjo-playing "local" during the film's famous "dueling banjos" scene. Boorman felt that Redden's </s> Hoot Raines, led the 9-year old Naylor to purchase and learn to play a steel guitar with money he earned picking cotton. By the age of 12 years, Jerry was playing that steel guitar at local honky tonks in and around Carlsbad and San Angelo, Texas, with his brother-in-law, Tommy Briggs' Hillbilly band which also featured Sherman Hamblin on fiddle and Earnest Smith lead guitar and vocals. In 1953, at the age of 14, Jerry Naylor began working at a new radio station in San Angelo, Texas called KPEP. Veteran broadcaster, Joe Treadway, who with his wife Matilda (Tillie) would </s> against this demand, but ultimately rewrote the scene to accommodate Sutherland's schedule. Doc Scurlock Josiah Gordon "Doc" Scurlock (January 11, 1849 – July 25, 1929) was an American Old West figure, cowboy, and gunfighter. A founding member of the Regulators during the Lincoln County War in New Mexico, Scurlock rode alongside such men as Billy the Kid. He was born in Tallapoosa County, Alabama, the sixth of 11 children born to Priestly Norman Scurlock (July 3, 1806 – June 22, 1876) and Esther Ann Brown (May 19, 1819 – June 1, 1903). Josiah was said to have studied medicine in | 1 | who was the kid playing banjo on deliverance | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1080
],
"text": [
"the University of Calcutta"
]
} | from the people of Calcutta, assistance from Belgium, and generous rental fees from the U.S. army that occupied the building during the Second World War. Expansion of the college has been a ceaseless effort and a campus in Salt Lake City, Kolkata, is planned. The college hostel moved in 2014 from what is now the Central Library and the B.Ed Department to its present location on the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Road (formerly Lower Circular Road). Two imposing six-storey buildings, Fr. Leeming Boys' Hostel and Mother Teresa Hostel for Girls, cater to the needs of students from distant locations. The </s> St. Xavier's College, Kolkata St. Xavier's College is a private, co-educational college located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Founded in 1860 by Fr. Henri Depelchin S.J., it is the second oldest of Jesuit Institutions in India (after St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirapalli) and is named after St. Francis Xavier, a Navarre Jesuit of the 16th century, who ministered in India. In 2006, it became the first autonomous college in West Bengal, India, and is affiliated to the University of Calcutta. Currently, the college offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, Ph.D.s, diplomas and certificates. A sister of the college, St. Xavier's University, Kolkata </s> St. Xavier's College, Ranchi St Xavier's College, Ranchi, is an autonomous college affiliated to the Ranchi University located in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It was founded in 1944 by the patna Province of the Society of Jesus, a Catholic religious order that traces its origin to St. Ignatius Loyola in 1540. St. Xavier's College, a Minority Educational Institution, was first affiliated to Patna University, then from 1950-1960 was under Bihar University. Affiliation was switched to Ranchi University when this institution opened in 1960. The University Grants Commission conferred autonomous status in 2005 and granted "College with Potential for Excellence" | 1 | st xaviers college kolkata is under which university | None |
{
"answer_start": [
937
],
"text": [
"13 per 100,000"
]
} | regularly survived the operation in Roman times. For most of the time since the 16th century, the procedure had a high mortality rate. It was long considered an extreme measure, performed only when the mother was already dead or considered to be beyond help. In Great Britain and Ireland, the mortality rate in 1865 was 85%. Key steps in reducing mortality were: European travelers in the Great Lakes region of Africa during the 19th century observed caesarean sections being performed on a regular basis. The expectant mother was normally anesthetized with alcohol, and herbal mixtures were used to encourage healing. </s> have not previously given birth, before labor arrest is considered. Physical exercise during pregnancy decreases the risk. Adverse outcomes in low-risk pregnancies occur in 8.6% of vaginal deliveries and 9.2% of caesarean section deliveries. In those who are low risk, the risk of death for caesarean sections is 13 per 100,000 vs. for vaginal birth 3.5 per 100,000 in the developed world—a numerically very small risk of death in either situation in resource-rich settings. The United Kingdom National Health Service gives the risk of death for the mother as three times that of a vaginal birth. In Canada, the difference </s> Caesarean section Caesarean section, also known as C-section, or caesarean delivery, is the use of surgery to deliver babies. A caesarean section is often necessary when a vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk. This may include obstructed labor, twin pregnancy, high blood pressure in the mother, breech birth, or problems with the placenta or umbilical cord. A caesarean delivery may be performed based upon the shape of the mother's pelvis or history of a previous C-section. A trial of vaginal birth after C-section may be possible. The World Health Organization recommends that caesarean section be performed | 1 | what is the mortality rate for c sections | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1394
],
"text": [
"a boot mode"
]
} | Dmesg dmesg ("display message" or "driver message") is a command on most Unix-like operating systems that prints the message buffer of the kernel. The output of this command typically contains the messages produced by the device drivers. When initially booted, a computer system loads its kernel into memory. At this stage device drivers present in the kernel are set up to drive relevant hardware. Such drivers, as well as other elements within the kernel, may produce output ("messages") reporting both the presence of modules and the values of any parameters adopted. (It may be possible to specify boot parameters which </s> access. 32-bit file access does not need 32-bit disk access. 32-bit file access 32-bit file access refers to the higher performance, protected mode disk caching method introduced in Windows for Workgroups 3.11, which replaced SmartDrive (Smartdrv). It bypassed MS-DOS and directly accessed the disk, either via the BIOS or (preferably) 32-bit disk access (Windows-native protected mode disk drivers). This feature was a backport from the then-unreleased Windows 95, as suggested by Microsoft's advertisements for Windows for Workgroups 3.11 ("the 32-bit file system from our Chicago project"). With the introduction of 32-bit file access and Long File Names in Windows 95, </s> OS. Target Disk Mode Target Disk Mode (sometimes referred to as TDM or Target Mode) is a boot mode unique to Macintosh computers. When a Mac that supports Target Disk Mode is started with the 'T' key held down, its operating system does not boot. Instead, the Mac's firmware enables its drives to behave as a SCSI, FireWire, Thunderbolt and/or USB-C external mass storage device. A Mac booted in Target Mode can be attached to the port of any other computer - Mac or PC - where it will appear as an external device. Hard drives within the target Mac, | 1 | what is target disk mode on a mac | None |
{
"answer_start": [
109
],
"text": [
"Enya"
]
} | A Day Without Rain A Day Without Rain is the fifth studio album by the Irish singer, songwriter and musician Enya, released on 20 November 2000 by Warner Music. Following a promotional tour in support of her compilation album "Paint the Sky with Stars" (1997), Enya took a short break before she resumed writing and recording a new album in 1998 with her usual recording partners, producer and arranger Nicky Ryan and his wife, lyricist Roma Ryan. While making the album, Enya started to question about her life and attempted to answered them in the material she was writing. In </s> the group's compositions, but he was quickly convinced of the springboard effect of having a likely hit single. His own creative perseverance paid off eventually, as his "No Matter What" became another top-ten worldwide hit in late 1970. He followed up with two more worldwide hits in "Day After Day" and "Baby Blue". Ham's greatest songwriting success came with his co-written composition "Without You" – a worldwide number-one when it was later covered by Harry Nilsson and released in 1972. The song has since become a standard and has been covered by hundreds of singers. An Ivor Novello award for </s> Karma and Effect Karma and Effect is the third studio album by the South African rock band Seether. It was released on 24 May 2005 by Wind-up Records. It is certified gold in the US and Canada. Upon release, the album debuted in the top 10 in many countries around the world and the first single "Remedy" held the top spot on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. Following singles "Truth," and "The Gift", though not to the same extent, also found success on rock radio. Since its release the album has sold 635,413 units in the U.S. and nearly | 1 | artist with the seven times platinum album a day without rain | None |
{
"answer_start": [
656
],
"text": [
"Alfred Marshall"
]
} | Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher (; October 21, 1817 – June 4, 1894) was a German economist from Hanover. Roscher studied at Göttingen, where he became a member of Corps Hannovera, and Berlin, and obtained a professorship at Göttingen in 1844 and subsequently at Leipzig in 1848. The main origins of the historical school of political economy may be traced to Roscher. Its fundamental principles are dated to his "Grundriss zu Vorlesungen über die Staatswirtschaft nach geschichtlicher Methode" (1843). Roscher tried to establish the laws of economic development by using the historical method from the investigation of </s> Alfred Marshall Alfred Marshall, FBA (26 July 1842 – 13 July 1924) was one of the most influential economists of his time. His book, "Principles of Economics" (1890), was the dominant economic textbook in England for many years. It brings the ideas of supply and demand, marginal utility, and costs of production into a coherent whole. He is known as one of the founders of neoclassical economics. Although Marshall took economics to a more mathematically rigorous level, he did not want mathematics to overshadow economics and thus make economics irrelevant to the layman. Marshall was born in London. His father </s> book "England's Treasure by Foreign Trade", which was not published until 1664, although it was widely circulated in manuscript form during his lifetime. A member of the East India Company, he wrote about his experiences in "A Discourse of Trade from England unto the East Indies" (1621). In 1662 English economist Sir William Petty (1623–1687) began publishing short works applying the rational scientific tradition of Francis Bacon to economics, requiring that it only use measurable phenomena and seek quantitative precision, coining the term "political arithmetic", introducing statistical mathematics, and becoming the first scientific economist. Philipp von Hörnigk (1640–1712, sometimes spelt | 1 | who is the author of book entitled principles of economics | None |
{
"answer_start": [
765
],
"text": [
"September 1939"
]
} | 3 October, I Corps with the 1st Infantry Division and 2nd Infantry Division began to take over the front line allocated to the BEF and II Corps with the 3rd Infantry Division and 4th Infantry Division followed on 12 October; the 5th Infantry Division arrived in December. By 19 October, the BEF had received 25,000 vehicles to complete the first wave. The majority of the troops were stationed along the Franco-Belgian border but British divisions took turns to serve with the French Third Army on the Maginot Line. In April 1940, the 51st Highland Infantry Division, reinforced by additional units </s> were made to re-equip a small number of Army and Territorial Army divisions for service overseas. General Lord Gort was appointed to the command of the BEF on 3 September 1939 and the BEF began moving to France on 4 September 1939. The BEF assembled along the Belgian–French border. The BEF took their post to the left of the French First Army under the command of the French 1st Army Group (1"er groupe d'armées") of the North-Eastern Front ("Front du Nord-est"). Most of the BEF spent the 3 September 1939 to 9 May 1940 digging field defences on the border. </s> in Belgium for the Battle of Messines and the Battle of Passchendale, and ended the year back in the Pas-de-Calais for the Battle of Cambrai. In the spring of 1918 the BEF came under attack both in Flanders and on the Somme during the German Spring Offensive. The Second Battle of the Somme represented the BEF response to the German attack. This in turn began the Hundred Days Offensive, which led to the eventual defeat of the German Army on the western front, after the First and Third armies broke through the Hindenburg Line at the Battle of the Canal | 1 | when did the british expeditionary force go to france | None |
{
"answer_start": [
28
],
"text": [
"Henry II"
]
} | century during the reign of Henry II. Juries, usually 6 or 12 men, were an "ancient institution" even then in some parts of England, at the same time as Members consisted of representatives of the basic units of local government—hundreds (an administrative sub-division of the shire, embracing several vills) and villages. Called juries of presentment, these men testified under oath to crimes committed in their neighbourhood. The Assize of Clarendon in 1166 caused these juries to be adopted systematically throughout the country. The jury in this period was "self-informing," meaning it heard very little evidence or testimony in court. Instead, </s> act as a judge in his own case. One of the earliest antecedents of modern jury systems is the jury in ancient Greece, including the city-state of Athens, where records of jury courts date back to 500 BCE. These juries voted by secret ballot and were eventually granted the power to annul unconstitutional laws, thus introducing the practice of judicial review. In modern justice systems, the law is considered "self-contained" and "distinct from other coercive forces, and perceived as separate from the political life of the community," but "all these barriers are absent in the context of classical Athens. In </s> and only under the rule of laws that the juries and barons found acceptable), the kings, through the royal judges, began to extend their control over the jury and the kingdom. David Hume in his 1778 "History of England" tells something of the powers that the kings had accumulated in the times after Magna Carta, the prerogatives of the crown and the sources of great power with which these monarchs counted: The first paragraph of the Act that abolished the Star Chamber, long a bone of contention between the early Stuart kings and a significant fraction of their subjects, on | 1 | who laid the foundation for the right to trial by jury | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1737
],
"text": [
"1965"
]
} | fictional MiG-31 was depicted on the cover of many printings as the Mig-25. At the time of the book's first issue in 1977, stealth technology was a subject of top secret research in defence establishments and had not been operationally deployed (though the Lockheed SR-71 did exhibit stealth-like features). The publisher of the book's first paperback edition, Sphere, gambled that real-life events such as the 1976 defection of the Soviet pilot Viktor Belenko, to risk a 250,000-copy printing. The background material for Firefox was a result of meticulous research, and provided by friends formerly with the RAF, and the Russian </s> published by Macmillan in the United Kingdom in late March 1876, with illustrations by Henry Holiday. It had mixed reviews from reviewers who found it strange. The first printing of "The Hunting of the Snark" consisted of 10,000 copies. There were two reprintings by the conclusion of the year; in total, the poem was reprinted 17 times between 1876 and 1908. Carroll often denied knowing the meaning behind the poem; however, in an 1896 reply to one letter, he agreed with one interpretation of the poem as an allegory for the search for happiness. Scholars have found various meanings in </s> the motorcycle is his to keep. The book was released as a selection of the Weekly Reader Children's Book Club - Intermediate Division. Churchill Films produced an adaptation of "The Mouse and the Motorcycle" directed by Ron Underwood in 1986, featuring Mimi Kennedy and Ray Walston. The film was distributed by Strand Home Video and Golden Book Video under the "GoldenVision" label. The Mouse and the Motorcycle The Mouse and the Motorcycle is a children's novel written by Beverly Cleary and published in 1965. Ralph is a mouse who lives in the run-down Mountain View Inn, a battered resort hotel | 1 | when was the mouse and the motorcycle published | None |
{
"answer_start": [
17
],
"text": [
"celesta"
]
} | "Be Myself". The celesta has been common in cinema for decades. In addition to supplementing numerous soundtrack orchestrations for films of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, the celesta has occasionally been spotlighted to invoke a whimsical air. For example, in "Pinocchio" (1940), a small motif on the celesta is used whenever the Blue Fairy appears out of thin air or performs magic. Celesta also provides the signature opening of "Pure Imagination", a song (sung by Gene Wilder) from the 1971 film "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory". Composer John Williams's scores for the first three Harry Potter films feature the </s> three clarinets in B-Flat, two bassoons, one contrabassoon; six horns in F, four trumpets in B-Flat, three trombones, one bass trombone, one euphonium, two tubas; a percussion section with timpani, tambourine, glockenspiel, side drum, tenor drum, bass drum, triangle and cymbals; organ; two harps and strings. Wood also included an offstage horn on the left, as well as four offstage trumpets and a side drum on the right. For many years, the "Fantasia" has been a staple item in the BBC's "Last Night of the Proms" concert, often with modifications. It was omitted from the program, however, in 2008, 2010, </s> it was tracked intentionally. The piece has become synonymous with the Shire and Hobbiton themes. The piece uses a large symphony orchestra (originally, The London Philharmonic Orchestra), including an on-stage band consisting of various Celtic instruments, namely whistles. Although the tin whistle and fiddle both have solos and have the main melodies throughout the piece, it is also noted for Shore's distinctive use of the bodhrán to create a heartbeat-like sound. Other accompaniment instruments include a celtic harp, hammered dulcimer, musette-type accordion, drones, classical guitars, mandolin, low whistle and recorders. Live performances may feature an accordion and/or a concertina. One | 1 | what instrument is used for the harry potter theme song | None |
{
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"Manchester United"
]
} | thought of each other. Arsenal, then Manchester United Manchester United, then Arsenal All figures are correct as of the match played on 5 December 2018. General Specific Arsenal F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry The rivalry between Arsenal and Manchester United is a notable one in English football as both clubs are recognised for having great history and traditions. Although the two clubs have frequently been in the same division as each other since 1919, the rivalry was instigated in 1990, when a brawl resulted in both clubs having points deductions in the Football League First Division. Many of the clashes between </s> Chelsea F.C.–Leeds United F.C. rivalry The rivalry between Chelsea and Leeds United is a football rivalry between London-based club Chelsea and Yorkshire-based Leeds United. The rivalry first emerged in the 1960s after a series of fiercely contested and controversial matches, when the two clubs were frequently involved in the pursuit of domestic and European honours culminating in the 1970 FA Cup Final, which is regarded as one of the most physical matches in English football history. The perceived contrast between the clubs also fuelled the rivalry, summed up as "Yorkshire grit versus flash Cockney." The rivalry between the clubs often </s> knifed. Chelsea eventually won the replay by 2–1, progressing in the semi-finals. In the next season, the two sides have met in the 2008 Football League Cup Final, with Tottenham winning the trophy after a 2–1 victory. On 1 March 2015, Chelsea won the 2015 Football League Cup Final 2–0 against Tottenham, with goals provided by John Terry and Diego Costa. After the match, fans clashed on the Underground. After this final, Chelsea surpassed Tottenham in number of trophies won. On 2 May 2016, Chelsea and Tottenham met at Stamford Bridge. The first two goals were scored by Harry Kane | 1 | who has won more trophies chelsea or manchester united | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1033
],
"text": [
"2010"
]
} | the Ranger), the Sport Trac retained the fold-down rear seats of the four-door Explorer to expand storage space. A full rubber floor was standard (as in base-trim pickup trucks), with berber-style carpet floor mats. The Sport Trac was configured with a power-retractable "Breezeway" rear window (a feature last used by Ford on the 1965 Mercury line) in place of a sliding rear window. During 2002, several changes were made to the exterior badging, with "Explorer" removed from the doors and "Sport Trac" (on the tailgate) changed to chrome, from red/white plastic. In another revision, the B-pillars were changed from black </s> front fenders (distinguished by side vents), monochromatic interior trim, integrated running boards, and 20-inch alloy wheels. Ford Explorer Sport Trac The Ford Explorer Sport Trac (also shortened to Ford Sport Trac) is a truck that was manufactured and marketed by Ford Motor Company for North America. The first mid-size pickup truck produced by Ford, the Sport Trac was marketed from the 2001 to the 2010 model years (skipping the 2006 model year). Sized between the Ranger (whose crew cab variants were sold outside of North America) and the F-150, the Sport Trac largely competed against crew-cab variants of the Chevrolet </s> Mercury. In early 2000, the Ford Explorer Sport Trac was introduced, which was a mid-size pickup truck; offered with a crew cab with a short pickup bed, the Sport Trac was based on the five-door Explorer. The Explorer Sport Trac was produced through the 2005 model year (until it was redesigned for 2007). Outside of North America, this generation of the Explorer was marketed in right-hand drive configurations As of 2018, RHD countries (such as Japan) export used examples of the Explorer to other countries (such as Australia and New Zealand) where there is demand for right-hand drive SUVs. Due | 1 | what was the last year ford made the sport trac | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1386
],
"text": [
"2001"
]
} | 2016. He stands stallion duties at Crestwood Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, with a $7,500 stud fee. Texas Red (horse) Texas Red (foaled March 15, 2012) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse. In 2014, he won one minor race from his first four starts and then established himself as one of the top two-year-old colts in North America with a six and a half length win in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile. He has unique connections, as his part-owner/trainer and his usual jockey are brothers: Keith and Kent Desormeaux. Texas Red is a bay colt with a white star bred in Kentucky by </s> Red Rum Red Rum (bay gelding; 3 May 1965 – 18 October 1995) was a champion Thoroughbred steeplechaser. He achieved an unmatched historic treble when he won the Grand National in 1973, 1974 and 1977, and also came second in the two intervening years, 1975 and 1976. The Grand National is a notoriously difficult race that has been described as "the ultimate test of a horse’s courage". He was also renowned for his jumping ability, having not fallen in 100 races. The 1973 race in which Red Rum secured his comeback victory from 30 lengths behind is often considered one </s> Royal Rebel Royal Rebel (foaled 29 March 1996) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. A gelding who excelled over extreme distance, he is best known for winning consecutive runnings of the two and a half mile Gold Cup at Royal Ascot in 2001 and 2002. In a career which lasted from July 1998 until June 2005 he ran thirty-nine times and won seven races. Apart from the Gold Cup, he also won the Ballycullen Stakes, Saval Beg Stakes, Goodwood Cup and Lonsdale Stakes. Royal Rebel is a bay gelding with a narrow white blaze and a white sock on his left | 1 | when did red marauder win the grand national | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1112
],
"text": [
"10"
]
} | Being Human (North American season 2) "Being Human" is a supernatural drama television series developed for North American television by Jeremy Carver and Anna Fricke, based upon the British series of the same name created by Toby Whithouse. The series premiered on Syfy and Space Channel on January 17, 2011 with a thirteen episode first season and tells the story of Aidan (Sam Witwer) and Josh (Sam Huntington), a vampire and a werewolf respectively, who move into a new apartment only to discover that it is haunted by the ghost of a previous tenant, Sally (Meaghan Rath). Together, the three </s> she was sent there by mistake, and must hide her morally imperfect behavior (past and present). William Jackson Harper, Jameela Jamil, and Manny Jacinto co-star as other residents of the Good Place, together with D'Arcy Carden as an artificial being helping the inhabitants. Each of the episodes are listed as "Chapter (xx)" following the opening title card. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The second season has received highly positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the second season has a rating of 100%, based on 55 reviews, with an average rating of 8.95/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "By voluntarily blowing up its premise, </s> no matter how anarchic, slides by in a deadpan monotone." However, as the first season progressed and concluded and the second began, critics began giving the series praise. Rowan Kaiser of "The A.V. Club" has recalled, "...the show was amusing, yes, and there was certainly potential, but it took half a dozen episodes before it really began to meet that potential." "Season 2" has a Metacritic score of 78 out 100. "Entertainment Weekly" gave the show an A- grade in its review, remarking that "a comedy this well done is very rare indeed". "Ain't It Cool News" called "Bob's Burgers" | 1 | how many episodes of good behavior season 2 are there | None |
{
"answer_start": [
841
],
"text": [
"Blake Shelton"
]
} | Frederick Hazlitt Brennan Frederick Hazlitt Brennan (September 23, 1901 – June 30, 1962) was an American screenwriter of more than thirty films between 1929 and 1953 and the director of the ABC/Desilu western television series, "The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp" (1955-1961), starring Hugh O'Brian as deputy Marshal Wyatt Earp. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he was educated at the University of Missouri in Columbia and began his career as a newspaper reporter. He wrote many short stories and was published in "The Saturday Evening Post", "Collier's Weekly", and other magazines. He published several novels and wrote for the </s> an insider noted to "The Hollywood Reporter" that the deal had nothing to do with their decision. By January 2015, Netflix picked up the film with others joining the cast including Taylor Lautner, Nick Nolte, Blake Shelton, Steve Buscemi, Rob Schneider, Will Forte, Vanilla Ice, and Luke Wilson. On February 16, 2015, Jorge Garcia joined the cast. Principal photography began on February 20, 2015, and ended on May 2, 2015. On April 23, 2015, Indian Country Today Media Network reported that approximately "a dozen Native actors and actresses, as well as the Native cultural advisor, left the set of Adam </s> Chris must secretly be expecting a much bigger reward for the work; the Irish Mexican Bernardo O'Reilly (Charles Bronson), who has fallen on hard times; Britt (James Coburn), an expert in both knife and gun who joins purely for the challenge involved; and the dapper, on-the-run gunman Lee (Robert Vaughn), plagued by nightmares of fallen enemies and haunted by fears that he has lost his nerve for battle. On their way to the village they are trailed by the hotheaded Chico (Horst Buchholz), an aspiring gunfighter whose previous attempts to join Chris had been spurned. Impressed by his persistence, Chris | 1 | who played wyatt earp in the ridiculous six | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1081
],
"text": [
"Ed Sheeran"
]
} | "Imperial Pressure". "Discordance" said the album was of great class, and mixed hip-hop, jazz, rock, and electronic music in an intelligent manner. His third album, "Rhyme Space Continuum", was praised for its "vocal acrobatics". Beat Assailant Beat Assailant (born Adam Turner, Atlanta, 1977) is an American musical artist known for fusing hip-hop with jazz, funk, and other musical genres, which Celeste Rhoads of Allmusic writes "push the boundaries of hip-hop". "Rain or Shine", a song off his 2012 album "B", is featured in a commercial for the 2013 Nissan Juke. Originally from Atlanta, Turner moved to Paris, where he recorded </s> touring with Foy Vance at the time, and as one of Vance's songs (Make It Rain) started with the lyrics "When the sins of my father / Weigh down in my soul", Sheeran thought it was appropriate for the series and with Vance's approval, Sheeran recorded the song to be used in the episode "Red Rose" broadcast on 2 December 2014. Make It Rain (Foy Vance song) "Make It Rain" is a song by Northern Irish musician Foy Vance. It was made famous by Ed Sheeran in 2014 when it was used in the television series "Sons of Anarchy". Ed </s> The Rain (Oran "Juice" Jones song) "The Rain" is a 1986 crossover hit single originally performed by R&B singer Oran "Juice" Jones, which he released on and from his debut album "Juice." The song's lyrics include a long recitation at the end; written by Vincent Bell, who also composed the music, they involve a man confronting his girlfriend regarding her infidelity. The single was Jones's biggest hit. It reached number one on the "Billboard" R&B chart for two weeks, making it the first #1 R&B hit issued by the then newly created Def Jam record label. The single also peaked | 1 | who sings make it rain on sons of anarchy | None |
{
"answer_start": [
685
],
"text": [
"phosphorus"
]
} | year, approximately 80% are from the combustion of fossil fuels and cement production. The other ~20% originate from land use change and deforestation. Because gaseous carbon dioxide does not react quickly with other chemicals, the main processes that change the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere involve exchanges with the earth's other carbon reservoirs, as explained in the following sections. Atmospheric carbon is exchanged quickly between the oceans and the terrestrial biosphere. This means that at times the atmosphere acts as a sink, and at other times as a source of carbon. The following section introduces exchanges between the atmospheric </s> Phosphorus cycle The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles, the atmosphere does not play a significant role in the movement of phosphorus, because phosphorus and phosphorus-based compounds are usually solids at the typical ranges of temperature and pressure found on Earth. The production of phosphine gas occurs in only specialized, local conditions. On the land, phosphorus gradually becomes less available to plants over thousands of years, because it is slowly lost in runoff. Low concentration of phosphorus in soils reduces plant growth, and </s> carbon, while heterotrophs receive carbon by consuming other organisms. Because carbon uptake in the terrestrial biosphere is dependent on biotic factors, it follows a diurnal and seasonal cycle. In measurements, this feature is apparent in the Keeling curve. It is strongest in the northern hemisphere because this hemisphere has more land mass than the southern hemisphere and thus more room for ecosystems to absorb and emit carbon. Carbon leaves the terrestrial biosphere in several ways and on different time scales. The combustion or respiration of organic carbon releases it rapidly into the atmosphere. It can also be exported into the | 1 | what nutrient cycle does not have an atmospheric phase | None |
{
"answer_start": [
24
],
"text": [
"Guangdong Province"
]
} | Shenzhen, and Zhuhai in Guangdong Province and Xiamen in Fujian Province and designated the entire island province of Hainan a special economic zone. In 1984, China opened 14 other coastal cities to overseas investment (listed north to south): Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Shanghai, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang, and Beihai. Then, beginning in 1985, the central government expanded the coastal area by establishing the following open economic zones (listed north to south): the Liaodong Peninsula, Hebei Province (which surrounds Beijing and Tianjin; see Jingjinji), the Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Triangle in southern Fujian Province, the </s> "dragon head." Since 1992, the State Council has opened a number of border cities, and in addition, opened all the capital cities of inland provinces and autonomous regions. In addition, 15 free trade zones, 32 state-level economic and technological development zones, and 53 new and high-tech industrial development zones have been established in large and medium-sized cities. As these open areas adopt different preferential policies, they play the dual roles of "windows" in developing the foreign-oriented economy, generating foreign exchanges through exporting products and importing advanced technologies and of "radiators" in accelerating inland economic development. Primarily geared to exporting processed </s> identified in 2017 were Lanzhou–Xining, Hohhot–Batou–Erdos–Yulin, Guanzhong Plain, Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone, and the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area Metropolitan regions of China In China, a city cluster (城市群) is an officially defined type of megalopolis, whereby government policy is to knit the area together more tightly and promote development through transportation and communication links. The policy began in 2005 with the province of Hunan promoting Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster (长株潭城市群) as the example. The Economist Intelligence Unit in 2012 identified 13 megalopolises: Chang-Zhu-Tan (Greater Changsha), Chengdu, Chongqing, Greater Beijing i.e. Jingjinji, Greater Shanghai (incl. Suzhou), Greater Xi'an, Greater Zhengzhou, | 1 | three of the four special economic zones are located in which province of china | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1535
],
"text": [
"610 AD"
]
} | popular pilgrimage destination, which had significant economic consequences for the city. According to tradition, the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca around the year 570. His family belonged to the Quraysh. When he was about forty years old he began receiving what Muslims regard as divine revelations delivered through the angel Gabriel, which would later form the Quran. These inspirations enjoined him to proclaim a strict monotheistic faith, to warn his compatriots of the impending Judgement Day, and to castigate social injustices of his city. Muhammad's message won over a handful of followers and was met with increasing opposition </s> Laylat al-Qadr Some commentators believe that the Quran was revealed to Muhammad twice; the 'immediate revelation' happening on the Laylat al-Qadr and 'gradual revelation' across 23 years. The Quran uses the word "Inzal" () which justifies 'the immediate revelation', according to Allamah Tabatabai. However some others believe that the revelation of Quran occurred in two phases, with the first phase being the revelation in its entirety on Laylat al-Qadr to the angel Gabriel (Jibril in Arabic) in the lowest heaven, and then the subsequent verse-by-verse revelation to Muhammad by Gabriel. The revelation started in 610 CE at the Hira cave </s> a voice from heaven saying, “O Muhammad! thou art the apostle of God and I am Gabriel.” "(Ibn Ishaq, "Sirat Rasul Allah", p. 106) Muhammad's first revelation Muhammad's revelation was an event described in Islam as taking place in 610 AD, during which the Islamic prophet, Muhammad was visited by the archangel Jibrīl, who revealed to him the beginnings of what would later become the Quran. The event took place in a cave called Hira, located on the mountain Jabal an-Nour, near Mecca. According to biographies of Muhammad, while on retreat in a mountain cave near Mecca (the cave of | 1 | when did the first revelation of quran take place | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1779
],
"text": [
"Dina Pugliese"
]
} | Emma Crosby Emma Catherine Crosby (born 5 June 1977) is a British television newsreader and journalist. Between 2003 and 2009, Crosby worked at Sky News, regularly co-presenting their breakfast programme "Sunrise", along with various other programmes on the channel. In 2009, Crosby joined ITV to co-present "GMTV", which she hosted until the show was replaced by "Daybreak" the following year. She co-hosted "GMTV" with Andrew Castle or Ben Shephard two or three days a week in rotation with Kate Garraway. Crosby then joined Channel 5 in 2011, where she worked as their chief anchor on "5 News" until 2015. She </s> Living satellite channel. In 1999, she presented the "Cheating Hearts" strand on Talk Radio (now called talkSPORT). More recently, she has presented programmes on satellite channels, including the Travel Channel. Jayne Irving Jayne Irving (born 30 August 1956, Sheffield, West Riding of Yorkshire) is a British TV presenter best known for appearing on the Breakfast Television show "Good Morning Britain". Jayne Irving began her broadcasting career reading the news bulletins on the Sheffield-based independent radio station Radio Hallam in the late 1970s. Irving worked as a reporter in Bristol before joining TV-am. Initially, she presented the news bulletins on "Good </s> for its first few years, the program ran for two hours from 7–9 a.m. In 1994, Onley left the show to focus on City"Pulse", being replaced by Kevin Frankish, who up to that point was BT's traffic specialist and previously was a reporter for Barrie's CKVR. Liza Fromer replaced Ann Rohmer in 2001, but then left the show in July 2006 to prepare for the birth of her child. Kevin Frankish blogged that her departure from the show was "on the absolute best of terms." On October 13, 2006, Dina Pugliese became the new co-host of the show, after a | 1 | who is the new girl on breakfast television | None |
{
"answer_start": [
868
],
"text": [
"Sinéad Cusack"
]
} | befriends many from the city's servant class including Henry Simmons (Harry Dean Stanton), Amelia Cranston (Lauren Bacall), and Sally Boffin (Virginia Madsen). Complications arise when some residents begin to ascribe healing powers to the static electricity shocks that Mr. North happens to generate frequently. Despite never claiming any healing or medical abilities, he is accused of quackery, and must, with the help of those he has befriended, defend himself. In the end, Mr. North accepts a position of leadership at an educational and philosophical academy founded by Mr. Bosworth, and begins a romance with Bosworth's granddaughter Persis. Director Danny Huston </s> with Margaret when she witnesses him beating a worker whom he has caught smoking in the mill, thus endangering all the workers. Gradually, Margaret gets used to Thornton, but his mother Hannah (Sinéad Cusack) and sister Fanny (Jo Joyner) disapprove of her, believing her haughty and alien to the customs of the North. In the meantime, Margaret attempts to do charitable work among the working classes, and thus comes into contact with Nicholas Higgins (Brendan Coyle) and his daughter, Bessy (Anna Maxwell Martin), who contracted Pneumoconiosis from exposure to the cotton-fibres in the mills. When Bessy became ill at Hamper's </s> gender, as Margaret's sympathy for the town mill workers clashes with her growing attraction to John Thornton (Richard Armitage). The serial is based on the 1855 Victorian novel "North and South" by Elizabeth Gaskell and takes place in the years surrounding the Great Exhibition of 1851. It was adapted for television by Sandy Welch and directed by Brian Percival. Margaret Hale (Daniela Denby-Ashe) and her parents Maria (Lesley Manville) and Richard (Tim Pigott-Smith) live in the idyllic town in Helstone in Hampshire. At the wedding of her cousin, Edith, Margaret is approached by Edith's new brother-in-law, Henry Lennox (John Light). | 1 | who played mrs thornton in north and south | None |
{
"answer_start": [
899
],
"text": [
"Octavia Spencer"
]
} | Mike Binder Mike Binder (born June 2, 1958) is an award winning American film director, screenwriter, producer, and actor. Binder, descended from Russian Jewish immigrants, grew up in the Detroit suburb of Birmingham. During the summers of 1966 through 1975, he attended Camp Tamakwa, a summer camp in Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, Canada; that experience was the inspiration (and the filming location) for his 1993 film "Indian Summer". Beginning his career as a screenwriter and standup comedian, in March 1990 with the March 9 theatrical premiere of his first screenplay, "Coupe de Ville", directed by Joe Roth and co-produced </s> The Shack (2017 film) The Shack is a 2017 American Christian drama film directed by Stuart Hazeldine and written by John Fusco, Andrew Lanham and Destin Cretton, based on the 2007 novel of the same name by William P. Young. The film stars Sam Worthington, Octavia Spencer, Graham Greene, Radha Mitchell, Alice Braga, Sumire Matsubara, Aviv Alush, and Tim McGraw. Filming began on June 8, 2015, in Vancouver, British Columbia. The film was released in the United States on March 3, 2017, and grossed over $96 million worldwide. Mackenzie "Mack" Phillips suffered physical and emotional abuse as a child at </s> and best-known book. Antoine's was used for the filming of two sequences in Oliver Stone's 1991 movie, "JFK". The first, which is quite brief, shows the Garrison family waiting for their father in the mirrored Main Dining Room. In the second, which lasts several minutes, Jim Garrison (played by Kevin Costner) has lunch with his staff in the Large Annex Room. At the beginning of the segment, he is greeted by the real "maitre d'hôtel", Henri Alciatore, a direct descendant of the founder. The French Quarter was above the flooding that devastated the majority of New Orleans in the aftermath | 1 | who played papa in the movie the shack | None |
{
"answer_start": [
334
],
"text": [
"Aurangzeb"
]
} | of Jahangir suggest "sati" continued in his regime, was practiced by Hindus and Muslims, he was fascinated by the custom, and that those Kashmiri Muslim widows who practiced "sati" either immolated themselves or buried themselves alive with their dead husbands. Jahangir prohibited such sati and other customary practices in Kashmir. Aurangzeb issued another order in 1663, states Sheikh Muhammad Ikram, after returning from Kashmir, "in all lands under Mughal control, never again should the officials allow a woman to be burnt". The Aurangzeb order, states Ikram, though not mentioned in the formal histories, is recorded in the official records of </s> Charan Pahul, comprised the administering of charanamrit or charanodak to the novitiate. As Bhai Gurdas, Varan, I.23, records, this was the practice Guru Nanak Dev introduced for the Sikhs. At the ceremony the novitiate quaffed water poured over the foot of the Guru and vowed to follow the religious and moral injunctions as well as the code of communal conduct laid down. Later, masands or local leaders, specially authorized by the Gurus, also administered charan pahul. According to Kesar Singh Chhibbar, Bansavalinama, a modification was introduced in the time of Guru Hargobind when water, poured over the toe of the </s> the Thanda Burj (Cold Tower). A farcical Trial began, in the Kacheri, (Court) of Suba Sirhind. It lasted for three days. On 27 December 1704, a heinous and cold-blooded crime was committed in the Sarzameen of Sirhind. Guru Gobind Singh's two younger sons, Baba Fateh Singh and Baba Zorawar Singh aged 7 and 9 years were bricked alive and later killed in the presence of the Assembly of Shaitans, presided over by Suba Sirhind, Wazir Khan. Two younger Sahibzadas and Mata Gujri were cremated by a rich Hindu merchant Diwan Todar Mal who covered the cremation grounds in gold coins | 1 | which ruler stopped the practice of jharokha darshan | None |
{
"answer_start": [
852
],
"text": [
"Sora"
]
} | new party member Mulan in the film's Land of Dragons. Other new party members include "Final Fantasy X" character Auron in the "Hercules"-inspired Olympus Coliseum world, Jack Sparrow in the "Pirates of the Caribbean"s Port Royal, and Tron in Space Paranoids. Chicken Little and Stitch are included as new summons. "Birth by Sleep" removes the standard party system utilized by previous games, instead using characters as temporary partners during certain portions of the game. These characters are Prince Phillip in Enchanted Dominion, based on "Sleeping Beauty"; Hercules and Zack Fair in Olympus Coliseum, with the latter being based on his </s> in "Chain of Memories", has a greater role as the introductory world. The World That Never Was is a new world that serves as the headquarters of Organization XIII. The three protagonists of the game are Sora, a 15-year-old boy chosen as a wielder of the Keyblade, a mystical key-shaped weapon that can combat darkness; Donald Duck, the court magician of Disney Castle; and Goofy, the captain of the Disney Castle guards. Both Donald and Goofy are under orders from their missing king, Mickey Mouse, to find and stay with the "key", which refers to Sora and his Keyblade. Other </s> giving an idea what the item looks like, or in some cases offering clues about the item. In a rare few examples an item may be manipulated in some way. Having killed the evil Dahlia and retrieved the stolen magic mirror, Sir Graham became the new king of Daventry. The mirror shows him a vision about a beautiful young woman, Valanice, in captivity on the top of an ivory crystal tower. Being charmed by her, King Graham travels to the world of Kolyma to rescue. There he must travel through sea, air, and even death to gain the keys that | 1 | who do you play as in kingdom hearts 2 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1377
],
"text": [
"2008"
]
} | Seattle Seahawks at the Orange Bowl. Defensive end Doug Betters was named the NFL Defensive Player of the Year. In 1984, the Dolphins won their first 11 games, en route to a 14–2 season (the franchise's best 16-game season to date). Marino, in his first full season, produced one of the most impressive set of passing statistics in NFL history, setting single-season records for most yards (5,084), touchdown passes (48) and completions (362). He was voted NFL MVP. Miami avenged the Seahawks loss from the previous year, 31–10, and defeated the Steelers, 45–28, in the AFC Championship to advance to </s> on the way to a 31–14 win – the Patriots' first in Miami since 1966. The Patriots had lost 18 games in a row at the Orange Bowl. In 1969, the Boston Patriots had beaten the Dolphins at Tampa Stadium. In 1986, the Dolphins, hampered by defensive struggles, stumbled to a 2–5 start and finished 8–8, missing the playoffs for the first time since 1980. They also lost their final game at the Orange Bowl, falling to the New England Patriots 34–27 on Monday Night Football. The problems continued in 1987, with an 8–7 (7–5 in non-strike games) record in </s> two-time Super Bowl winning coach Bill Parcells was named Executive Vice President of the Dolphins football operations. Shortly after the season finale, Parcells fired general manager Randy Mueller and on January 3, 2008, head coach Cam Cameron was fired along with almost all of his staff. Parcells then hired Tony Sparano, who was previously an assistant under Parcells at the Dallas Cowboys. On the 2008 off-season, the Dolphins also parted ways with two long-time Dolphins, releasing linebacker Zach Thomas and trading defensive end Jason Taylor to the Washington Redskins for a second round draft pick. The Dolphins took Jake Long, | 1 | when was the last time miami dolphins won their division | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1356
],
"text": [
"2018"
]
} | engine came with a computer-controlled four-wheel drive system. Automatic transmission models were given a chrome shift gate surround as opposed to the matte silver plastic style used in the 2001 and 2002 models. A Monsoon high-performance sound system came standard on the mid-level GLS model and came with a 6-disc CD changer on the top-tier LX. Rounding out the changes in the 2003 model was the discontinuation of the highly unpopular Pine Green which in some owner circles has gained the nickname 'Yucky Green'. In Australia, the four-cylinder Santa Fe was dropped in 2003, due to slow sales, leaving the </s> discontinued for 2006, Merlot and Canyon Red. A rare color, Dark Emerald Green, was introduced mid-year. It did not appear in any sales brochures and could have only been ordered by a dealership. The LX trim level was renamed 'Limited' and got a corresponding tailgate badge, a first for the Santa Fe of any trim level. Another first was the availability of a monochromatic paint scheme, a departure from the contrasting gray cladding previously standard. The monochromatic option was only available on the Limited in black. In total, these options ran $1900, pushing the Santa Fe's total asking price to </s> Sonata will become the largest and most expensive sedan Hyundai sells in the US. The 2.2L diesel engine option was discontinued in 2018. Since its introduction to the U.S. market in late 2000, the XG/Azera had been a consistent seller until late 2008, when it suffered a significant drop in sales. Although there are several possible explanations for this decline, it's worth pointing out that the Hyundai Genesis sedan was introduced to the U.S. market in late 2008, suggesting that the more sophisticated rear-wheel drive Genesis may have cannibalized sales of the Azera. It is also noteworthy that the Hyundai | 1 | when did the hyundai santa fe change body style | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1575
],
"text": [
"Frederick Herzberg"
]
} | they will devote to these means. In effect, this diagram of expectancy depicts an employee asking themselves the question posed by one investigator, ""How much payoff is there for me toward attaining a personal goal while expending so much effort toward the achievement of an assigned organizational objective?"" The expectancy theory by Victor Vroom also provides a framework for motivation based on expectations. This approach to the study and understanding of motivation would appear to have certain conceptual advantages over other theories: First, unlike Maslow's and Herzberg's theories, it is capable of handling individual differences. Second, its focus is toward </s> form a second strain of temperament theory, one which enjoys the most popularity today. Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) defined his typology by a duality of the beautiful and sublime, and concluded it was possible to represent the four temperaments with a square of opposition using the presence or absence of the two attributes. He determined that the phlegmatic type has no interest in either the beautiful or the sublime, so there was an absence of both (sb). The melancholic had a feeling for both (SB), and the sanguine had a predominating feeling for the beautiful (sB), while the choleric, he determined </s> Two-factor theory The two-factor theory (also known as Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory) states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction, while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction. It was developed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg, who theorized that job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction act independently of each other. Attitudes and their connection with industrial mental health are related to Abraham Maslow's theory of motivation. His findings have had a considerable theoretical, as well as a practical, influence on attitudes toward administration. According to Herzberg, individuals are not content with the satisfaction of lower-order | 1 | who has propounded the two factor theory of motivation | None |
{
"answer_start": [
765
],
"text": [
"in 1990"
]
} | London Velopark. Work is underway to identify an operator of Hog Hill beyond 2012. Since opening for the public in March 2014, Lee Valley VeloPark has staged a number of major international events. The first that took place in the venue was the grand finale of the Revolution series in February 2014. This was followed by the opening round of the 2014–15 Revolution Series in October 2014 and in December 2014, the UCI Track Cycling World Cup took place at Lee Valley VeloPark. In February 2015, round five of the Revolution Series was staged at the venue while in February </s> Vampire (roller coaster) Vampire (originally named The Vampire) is an Arrow suspended swinging roller coaster at Chessington World of Adventures theme park in London, England. It opened in 1990 in the new Transylvania area (now renamed "Wild Woods"). The trains hang from the track, and swing freely as the roller coaster completes the course. It has two lift hills, featuring many dives and turns throughout. The ride layout was designed by John Wardley and the theme design by Sparks. During the 2001 season, Vampire was closed so that it could be modified to use new trains, and reopened in 2002. </s> Company, to win back the supporters and racers by redesigning the track. The company declined and Hillier looked for a new site south of the Thames. He found an area off Burbage Road in Herne Hill and leased it from Dulwich College Trustees. Work on the new track was undertaken by W. and J. Peacock, a building company sympathetic to cycling. It started in September 1890 and finished, ahead of schedule, in March 1891. The first race, open only to members of the Herne Hill club, was on 16 April 1891. The first open meeting was on 23 May that | 1 | when did the vampire ride open at chessington | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1554
],
"text": [
"Social cognition"
]
} | Habitus (sociology) Habitus () is ingrained habits, skills, and dispositions. It is the way that individuals perceive the social world around them and react to it. These dispositions are usually shared by people with similar backgrounds (such as social class, religion, nationality, ethnicity, education, profession etc.). The habitus is acquired through imitation ("mimesis") and is the reality that individuals are socialized, which includes their individual experience and opportunities. Thus, the habitus represents the way group culture and personal history shape the body and the mind, and as a result, shape present social actions of an individual. Pierre Bourdieu suggested that </s> and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproducing their material life, people must necessarily enter into relations of production which are "independent of their will". By contrast, the sociologist Max Weber for example defines human action as "social" if, by virtue of the subjective meanings attached to the action by individuals, it "takes account </s> as facial recognition) may be innate. Consistent with this, very young babies recognize and selectively respond to social stimuli such as the voice, face and scent of their mother. Social cognition Social cognition is "a sub-topic of social psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations. It focuses on the role that cognitive processes play in social interactions." More technically, social cognition refers to how people deal with conspecifics (members of the same species) or even across species (such as pet) information, include four stages: encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing. In | 1 | the processes that underlie our understanding of the social world is known as | None |
{
"answer_start": [
139
],
"text": [
"McCulloch"
]
} | estate agents could not bring in prospective buyers, because the land was far from centers of population and had a very hot, arid climate. McCulloch's real estate agent, Robert Plumer, learned that London Bridge was for sale and convinced McCulloch to buy it and bring it to the area to attract potential land buyers. The initial response from McCulloch was, "That's the craziest idea I have ever heard," but after consideration, he decided to go ahead and purchased it for $2.46m (£1.78m). Plumer then arranged with a cargo shipping company that was going to sail a newly-built ship from Great </s> gradually abandoned and the bridge fell into disrepair. In the Saxon period, the river became a boundary between the emergent, mutually hostile kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex. By the late 9th century, Danish invasions prompted at least a partial reoccupation of the site by the Saxons. The bridge may have been rebuilt by Alfred the Great soon after the Battle of Edington as part of Alfred's redevelopment of the area in his system of burhs, or it may have been rebuilt around 990 under the Saxon king Æthelred the Unready to hasten his troop movements against Sweyn Forkbeard, father of </s> Match Me in London Match me in London is a Jacobean era tragicomedy written by Thomas Dekker. It was written in 1611 and was relicensed without fee by George Buc on 21 August 1623 as 'an Old Playe'. On 8 November 1630 it was entered in the Stationers' Register and printed in a quarto in 1631. The play was dedicated to 'The Noble Lover, (and deservedly beloved) of the Muses, Lodowick Carlell, Esquire, Gentleman of the Bowes, and Groome of the King, and Queene's Privy-Chamber'. The play revolves around an imaginary Spanish Court. The lecherous King of Spain asks a | 1 | who bought london bridge thinking it was tower bridge | None |
{
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"Imperial Bank of India"
]
} | Indian subcontinent. The Bank of Madras merged into the other two "presidency banks" in British India, the Bank of Calcutta and the Bank of Bombay, to form the Imperial Bank of India, which in turn became the State Bank of India in 1955. The Government of India took control of the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with Reserve Bank of India (India's central bank) taking a 60% stake, renaming it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India. The roots of the State Bank of India lie </s> and Seoul in 2009. SBI acquired the control of seven banks in 1960. They were the seven regional banks of former Indian princely states. They were renamed, prefixing them with 'State Bank of'. These seven banks were State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur (SBBJ), State Bank of Hyderabad (SBH), State Bank of Indore (SBN), State Bank of Mysore (SBM), State Bank of Patiala (SBP), State Bank of Saurashtra (SBS) and State Bank of Travancore (SBT). All these banks were given the same logo as the parent bank, SBI. The plans for making SBI a single very large bank by merging </s> in the first decade of the 19th century when the Bank of Calcutta later renamed the Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806. The Bank of Bengal was one of three Presidency banks, the other two being the Bank of Bombay (incorporated on 15 April 1840) and the Bank of Madras (incorporated on 1 July 1843). All three Presidency banks were incorporated as joint stock companies and were the result of royal charters. These three banks received the exclusive right to issue paper currency till 1861 when, with the Paper Currency Act, the right was taken over by | 1 | what is the old name of state bank of india | None |
{
"answer_start": [
942
],
"text": [
"chemical molecular formula"
]
} | Bracket (mathematics) In mathematics, various typographical forms of brackets are frequently used in mathematical notation such as parentheses ( ), square brackets [ ], braces { }, and angle brackets ⟨ ⟩. Generally such bracketing denotes some form of grouping: in evaluating an expression containing a bracketed sub-expression, the operators in the sub-expression take precedence over those surrounding it. Additionally, there are several uses and meanings for the various brackets. Historically, other notations, such as the vinculum, were similarly used for grouping; in present-day use, these notations all have specific meanings. The earliest use of brackets to indicate aggregation (i.e. </s> thermodynamics and chemistry. "Entity" refers to the type of particle/s in question, such as atoms, molecules, complexes, radicals, ions, electrons etc. Conventionally for concentrations and activities, square brackets [ ] are used around the chemical molecular formula. For an arbitrary atom, generic letters in upright non-bold typeface such as A, B, R, X or Y etc. are often used. No standard symbols are used for the following quantities, as specifically applied to a substance: Usually the symbol for the quantity with a subscript of some reference to the quantity is used, or the quantity is written with the reference to </s> natural language and denotational semantics for programming languages. The brackets stand for a function that maps a linguistic expression to its “denotation” or semantic value. Double brackets may also refer to the mathematical floor function. Known as "spike parentheses" () ⁅ and ⁆ are used in Swedish dictionaries. The various bracket characters are frequently used in many programming languages as operators or for other syntax markup. For instance, in C-like languages, codice_1 and codice_2 are often used to delimit a code block, and the parameters of method calls are generally enclosed by codice_3 and codice_4. In C, C++, Java and | 1 | what do brackets in an chemical equation mean | None |
{
"answer_start": [
581
],
"text": [
"July 2009"
]
} | in interstate commerce or in the production of goods for interstate commerce," but in amendments in 1961 and 1966, the federal minimum wage was extended (with slightly different rates) to employees in large retail and service enterprises, local transportation and construction, state and local government employees, as well as other smaller expansions; a grandfather clause in 1990 drew most employees into the purview of federal minimum wage policy, which now set the wage at $3.80. The federal minimum wage in the United States was reset to its current rate of $7.25 per hour in July 2009. Some U.S. territories (such </s> was strongly supported by President Barack Obama and many of the Democratic Senators, but strongly opposed by Republicans in the Senate and House. Later in 2014, voters in the Republican-controlled states of Alaska, Arkansas, Nebraska and South Dakota considered ballot initiatives to raise the minimum wage above the national rate of $7.25 per hour, which were successful in all four states. The results provided evidence that raising minimum wage has support across party lines. In April 2017, Senator Bernie Sanders and Senator Patty Murray, backed by 28 of the Senate's Democrats, introduced new federal legislation which would raise the minimum </s> through automatic adjustments, while increases in 11 other states occurred through referendum or legislative action. Beginning in January 2017, Massachusetts and Washington state have the highest minimum wages in the country, at $11.00 per hour. New York City's minimum wage will be $15.00 per hour by the end of 2018. Some large employers in the traditionally low-paying retail sector have declared an internal minimum wage. As of 2018: Jobs that a minimum wage is most likely to directly affect are those that pay close to the minimum. According to the May 2006 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, the four | 1 | when was the national minimum wage last raised | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1391
],
"text": [
"Joseph Smith"
]
} | Witnesses and the Testimony of Eight Witnesses. These statements have been published in most editions of the Book of Mormon. Smith enlisted his neighbor Martin Harris as a scribe during his initial work on the text. (Harris later mortgaged his farm to underwrite the printing of the Book of Mormon.) In 1828, Harris, prompted by his wife Lucy Harris, repeatedly requested that Smith lend him the current pages that had been translated. Smith reluctantly acceded to Harris's requests. Lucy Harris is thought to have stolen the first 116 pages. After the loss, Smith recorded that he had lost the ability </s> was completed at the Whitmer home. After translation was complete, Smith said he returned the plates to the angel, but he did not elaborate about this experience. According to accounts by several early Mormons, a group of Mormon leaders, including Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and possibly others accompanied Smith and returned the plates to a cave inside the Hill Cumorah. There, Smith is said to have placed the plates on a table near "many wagon loads" of other ancient records, and the Sword of Laban hanging on the cave wall. According to Brigham Young's understanding, which he said that he </s> Golden plates According to Latter Day Saint belief, the golden plates (also called the gold plates or in some 19th-century literature, the golden bible) are the source from which Joseph Smith claimed to have translated the Book of Mormon, a sacred text of the faith. Some witnesses described the plates as weighing from , golden in color, and composed of thin metallic pages engraved on both sides and bound with three D-shaped rings. Smith said that he found the plates on September 22, 1823 on a hill, near his home in Manchester, New York, after the angel Moroni directed him | 1 | found gold plates engraved with sacred writings that became the book of mormon | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1595
],
"text": [
"six"
]
} | in the league, followed by the Los Angeles Angels (12) and the Albuquerque Dukes and Portland Beavers (8). Among active PCL franchises, the Tacoma Rainiers have won 7 championships, the most in the league, followed by the Sacramento River Cats and Memphis Redbirds (4). The PCL recognizes outstanding players and team personnel annually near the end of each season. The Most Valuable Player Award, first awarded in 1927, is given to honor the best player in the league. The award is voted on by team managers, general managers, broadcasters, and media representatives from around the league, as are all PCL </s> September 2015, the PCB officially announced the launch of the PSL. Former Pakistani national team captains Wasim Akram and Rameez Raja signed up to promote the PSL and become brand ambassadors of the league for three years. After several years of planning and two previous failed attempts, the league officially began on 4 February 2016 in the United Arab Emirates where Bakhtawar Bhutto-Zardari, alongside Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan, inaugurated the opening ceremony. The first two seasons included five teams nominally based in Pakistani cities. In its first season the PSL had a higher percentage of international players. The </s> the first three years of the league's operation were awarded to Pakistani company Blitz Advertising. https://www.geo.tv/psl/latest/185867-pcb-plans-psl-t10-league-in-september-sources Pakistan Super League Pakistan Super League (; PSL) is a Twenty20 cricket league, founded in Lahore on 9 September 2015 with five teams and now comprises six teams. Instead of operating as an association of independently owned teams, the league is a single entity in which each franchise is owned and controlled by investors. The commercial rights to the initial franchises were sold for for a span of 10 years in December 2015. The market value of PSL in 2018 was up to , | 1 | how many teams are there in the psl | None |
{
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"1995"
]
} | 1995 World Series The 1995 World Series was the 91st edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, a best-of-seven playoff played between the National League (NL) champion Atlanta Braves and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians. The Braves won in six games to capture their third World Series championship in franchise history (along with 1914 in Boston and 1957 in Milwaukee), making them the first team to win three crowns in three different cities. This was also Cleveland's first Series appearance in 41 years and marked the resumption of the Fall Classic after the previous year's Series was canceled </s> and Spalding, the Red Stockings dominated the National Association, winning four of that league's five championships. The team became one of the National League's charter franchises in 1876, sometimes called the ""Red Caps"" (as a new Cincinnati Red Stockings club was another charter member). The Boston Red Caps played in the first game in the history of the National League, on Saturday, April 22, 1876, defeating the Athletics, 6–5. Although somewhat stripped of talent in the National League's inaugural year, Boston bounced back to win the 1877 and 1878 pennants. The Red Caps/Beaneaters were one of the league's dominant teams </s> 1969 National League Championship Series The 1969 National League Championship Series was a best-of-five match-up between the East Division champion New York Mets and the West Division champion Atlanta Braves. The Mets defeated the Braves three games to none. They did not sweep a playoff series again until 2006 as they swept the Los Angeles Dodgers in the National League Division Series in three games. At that time, the New York Mets became the fastest expansion team to win a National League Pennant with only eight years of existence. 28 years later in 1997, the Florida Marlins would break that | 1 | when did the atlanta braves win the world series | None |
{
"answer_start": [
858
],
"text": [
"Thomas Francis Wilson Jr."
]
} | Wayne Knight Wayne Elliot Knight (born August 7, 1955) is an American actor, voice artist and comedian. He is known for playing Newman in "Seinfeld" (1992–1998) and Dennis Nedry in "Jurassic Park" (1993). His other roles include Officer Don Orville in "3rd Rock from the Sun" (1996–2001), Stan Podolak in "Space Jam" (1996), Al McWhiggin in "Toy Story 2" (1999), Tantor in "Tarzan" (1999), the Giraffe in "Bee Movie" (2007), Zack Mallozzi in "Rat Race" (2001), Dojo in Xiaolin Showdown (2003–2006), Mr. Blik in "Catscratch" (2005–2007), Microchip in "" (2008) and Haskell Lutz in "The Exes" (2011–2015). He was nominated </s> making the films. Wilson found the repetitive nature of the questions to be so amusing and annoying that he wrote a song about them titled "Biff's Question Song" which he features regularly in his stand-up routine. Thomas F. Wilson Thomas Francis Wilson Jr. (born April 15, 1959) is an American actor, voice-over artist, and podcaster best known for playing Biff Tannen, Griff Tannen and Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen in the "Back to the Future" trilogy and Coach Ben Fredricks on NBC's "Freaks and Geeks" and for his voice-over work in movies, TV shows and video games. Wilson was born in </s> versions is at the climax: in the television version Quatermass blasts off in a rocket to confront the aliens in outer space, whereas in the film the rocket is fired, unmanned, to destroy the aliens' asteroid base. Returning director Val Guest once again employed many cinema vérité techniques to present the fantastic elements of the plot with the greatest degree of realism. Nigel Kneale was critical of the final film, mainly on account of the return of Brian Donlevy in the lead role. Kneale was unhappy with Donlevy's interpretation of the character and also claimed the actor's performance was marred | 1 | who played griff in back to the future 2 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
530
],
"text": [
"the first Sunday in November"
]
} | being part of the Central Time Zone. The only exception is the region immediately surrounding the Saskatchewan side of the biprovincial city of Lloydminster, which has chosen to use Mountain Time with DST, synchronizing its clocks with those of Alberta. In those areas of the Canadian and American time zones that observe DST, beginning in 2007, the local time changes at 02:00 local standard time to 03:00 local daylight time on the second Sunday in March and returns at 02:00 local daylight time to 01:00 local standard time on the first Sunday in November. Mexico decided not to go along </s> Eastern Time Zone The Eastern Time Zone (ET) is a time zone encompassing part or all of 22 states in the eastern part of the contiguous United States, parts of eastern Canada, the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico, Panama in Central America, and the Caribbean Islands. Places that use Eastern Standard Time (EST) when observing standard time (autumn/winter) are 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (). Eastern Daylight Time (EDT), when observing daylight saving time DST (spring/summer) is 4 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (). In the northern parts of the time zone, on the second Sunday in March, </s> adopt daylight saving time (also known as "Summer Time") during part of the year. This typically involves advancing clocks by an hour near the start of spring and adjusting back in autumn ("spring forward", "fall back"). Modern DST was first proposed in 1907 and was in widespread use in 1916 as a wartime measure aimed at conserving coal. Despite controversy, many countries have used it off and on since then; details vary by location and change occasionally. Most countries around the equator do not observe daylight saving time, since the seasonal difference in sunlight is minimal. Computer operating systems include | 1 | when does the time change to central time | None |
{
"answer_start": [
922
],
"text": [
"Wisconsin"
]
} | Green on December 1, 2007 by a score of 38–19, snapping a 23-game losing streak that many attributed to the consequences of suspensions following the UM-FIU brawl the year before. Since the Golden Panthers had been using the Orange Bowl as their home field during the construction of FIU Stadium, this win allowed the FIU team to boast that it was they who officially closed the Orange Bowl's college football career with a home win. A high school all-star game, "The Offense-Defense All-American Bowl", took place on January 4, 2008 and was the last game before the closing events. On </s> of 41-8. After a 44-28 win over Virginia, Miami suffered its first loss of the season in the regular season finale, falling to Pittsburgh by a margin of 24-14. In the 2017 ACC Championship Game, Miami was obliterated by #1 Clemson by a score of 38-3. The Hurricanes accepted a berth in the 2017 Orange Bowl, a game they lost to #6 Wisconsin by a score of 34-24. On May 3, 2018, the University of Miami administration signed Richt to a five-year contract extension. Miami has won nine national championships from NCAA-designated major selectors. Miami claims the 1983, 1987, 1989, </s> the former Orange Bowl. The teams share a 3–3 record on neutral fields at Jacksonville (2), Tampa (1), New Orleans (1), Atlanta (1) and Orlando (1). Miami won the last game between the two schools, 21–16 on September 7, 2013 at Sun Life Stadium in Miami Gardens. Of the 55 total meetings, 26 have been decided by a touchdown or less. Florida holds the largest margin of victory with a 46–6 victory on November 16, 1940. Florida and Miami have played each other three times during a combined eight national championship seasons. Florida gave Miami its only loss on the | 1 | who did miami play in the bowl game | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1450
],
"text": [
"Paramount Network"
]
} | of bison and elk live in this park. The Yellowstone Park bison herd is the oldest and largest public bison herd in the United States. Forest fires occur in the park each year; in the large forest fires of 1988, nearly one third of the park was burnt. Yellowstone has numerous recreational opportunities, including hiking, camping, boating, fishing and sightseeing. Paved roads provide close access to the major geothermal areas as well as some of the lakes and waterfalls. During the winter, visitors often access the park by way of guided tours that use either snow coaches or snowmobiles. The </s> Yellowstone (UK TV series) Yellowstone is a BBC nature documentary series broadcast from 15 March 2009. Narrated by Peter Firth, the series takes a look at a year in the life of Yellowstone National Park, examining how its wildlife adapts to living in one of the harshest wildernesses on Earth. Yellowstone debuted on BBC Two at 8:00pm on Sunday 15 March 2009 and has three episodes. Each 50-minute episode was followed by a ten-minute film called "Yellowstone People", featuring visitors to the Park and locals who had assisted the production team. The series was the channel's highest-rated natural history documentary </s> to replace Weinstein Television with the company's new name in the show's credits when available. That same day, it was also announced that the series would premiere on June 20, 2018. On July 24, 2018, it was announced that Paramount Network had renewed the series for a second season that was expected to premiere in 2019. On May 15, 2017, it was announced that Kevin Costner had been cast in the series lead role of John Dutton. In June 2017, it was reported that Luke Grimes, Cole Hauser, Wes Bentley, and Kelly Reilly had joined the cast as series regulars. | 1 | where can i find the tv show yellowstone | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1314
],
"text": [
"Charlotte"
]
} | Maxwell, Alison's boyfriend when she was hospitalized. Nick was caught by the police when he and Alison planned to kill the Liars via poisoning. However, months later, the Liars visit Nick in the prison in order to discover some clues about Alison's whereabouts, and he gives them some information. Original A was the first "A" and revealed to be Mona Vanderwaal. Mona began torturing Alison by sending her gifts, threats and soon attacking her while wearing a zombie costume. "A" continued to mess with Ali and her mother Jessica DiLaurentis, whom she believed it to be Spencer Hastings. After Alison's </s> to positive reviews from critics. The episode begins one month after the grisly Red Devil murders, where Kappa Kappa Tau is rebuilt as a much better sorority that focuses on feminism and acceptance of different women. The house is now run by Zayday Williams (Keke Palmer) and vice president Grace Gardner (Skyler Samuels) who host an early winter rush party at Kappa where they also introduce the treasurer Hester Ulrich (Lea Michele), now wearing an eyepatch. Hester, begins her narration. She reveals that she is the only Chanel left and the final Red Devil with the 20 year long revenge </s> Mary confesses to Rollins and Jessica's murder. A.D. ends the game as they have finally learned that Mona was Charlotte's killer. One year later, Mary escapes from prison and Mona is released from Welby but rejoins the A-Team and is sent to kidnap Spencer, who comes face-to-face with A.D. – Alex Drake, her twin sister. Mary reveals she sold Alex to a London family to get out of Radley. Alex ran away and met Wren who revealed everything about Spencer to her and introduced her to Charlotte who left her everything. She became A.D. to use the Liars to find | 1 | who is the final a on pretty little liars | None |
{
"answer_start": [
122
],
"text": [
"the stratum basale"
]
} | 48 days. Keratinocyte differentiation throughout the epidermis is in part mediated by a calcium gradient, increasing from the stratum basale until the outer stratum granulosum, where it reaches its maximum, and decreasing in the stratum corneum. Calcium concentration in the stratum corneum is very low in part because those relatively dry cells are not able to dissolve the ions. This calcium gradient parallels keratinocyte differentiation and as such is considered a key regulator in the formation of the epidermal layers. Elevation of extracellular calcium concentrations induces an increase in intracellular free calcium concentrations. Part of that intracellular increase comes from </s> by two guard cells, which control the opening and closing of the aperture. These guard cells are in turn surrounded by subsidiary cells which provide a supporting role for the guard cells. Stomata begin as stomatal meristemoids. The process varies between dicots and monocots. Spacing is thought to be essentially random in dicots though mutants do show it is under some form of genetic control, but it is more controlled in monocots, where stomata arise from specific asymmetric divisions of protoderm cells. The smaller of the two cells produced becomes the guard mother cells. Adjacent epidermal cells will also divide </s> of gametogenesis and the sexual cycle), some authors emphasize diversity, and others emphasize DNA repair. Gametogenesis Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into various gametes, or by mitosis. For example, plants produce gametes through mitosis in gametophytes. The gametophytes grow from haploid spores after sporic meiosis. The existence of a multicellular, haploid phase in the life cycle between meiosis and gametogenesis is also referred to as alternation | 1 | which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and replacement | None |
{
"answer_start": [
72
],
"text": [
"Hero Beauregard Fiennes Tiffin"
]
} | as the main role Hardin Scott in the movie "After". Hero Fiennes-Tiffin Hero Beauregard Fiennes Tiffin (born 6 November 1997) is an English actor and model best known for his role as the 11-year-old Tom Riddle, the young version of antagonist Lord Voldemort (played in the films by his uncle, Ralph Fiennes), in "Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince", the sixth installment of the "Harry Potter" films. He also played the role of "younger Charlie" in the war based film "Private Peaceful". Hero will portray bad-boy heartthrob Hardin Scott in the upcoming movie "After", an adaptation of the novel </s> Alfred Lutter Alfred Lutter (III) (born March 21, 1962) is an American former child actor. Lutter was born on March 21, 1962. He grew up in Ridgewood, New Jersey and graduated Ridgewood High School in 1980. He starred along with Ellen Burstyn and Jodie Foster in the 1974 Martin Scorsese film "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore". The TV-series "Alice" was a spin-off of this movie, in which Lutter reprised his role as Alice's son Tommy in the pilot episode, but was replaced by Philip McKeon when the series began. Lutter also appeared as the young version of Woody Allen's character </s> filming in 2020. Holland was set for a supporting role alongside Keanu Reeves, Daniel Radcliffe, Anne Hathaway and Jeff Goldblum. Holland was cast in the film adaptation of Patrick Ness's best-selling YA series "Chaos Walking" as Todd Hewitt, alongside Star Wars star Daisy Ridley, which will be directed by Doug Liman. Holland revealed after filming that a sequel was in the works. In May 2017, it was announced that he had been cast as a young Nathan Drake in the film adaptation of Naughty Dog's "Uncharted" video game series. He is also now cast as the lead role in the | 1 | who played young tom riddle in harry potter | None |
{
"answer_start": [
184
],
"text": [
"The Beatles"
]
} | they each enjoyed success as solo artists. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of lung cancer in November 2001. McCartney and Starr remain musically active. The Beatles are the best-selling band in history, with estimated sales of over 800 million records worldwide. They are the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988, and all four main members were inducted individually from 1994 to 2015. They have also had more number-one albums on the British charts and </s> radio play requests on the station's flagship show "The X-List". The station formerly broadcast to London and Manchester on digital DAB radio, and online to the rest of the world, with nearly 1 million listeners. The station also had a close relationship with Australian station "Triple J". Each entry in the list is accompanied by a short essay written by a DJ. The entries are accompanied by pictures, quotes, and additional information. As mentioned before, the list not only included singles, but also album-only tracks that entered public knowledge, with Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven" and Pink Floyd's "Comfortably Numb" </s> via way of Summer moving into a tie with Lopez in 2018; Guetta moved up later in the year due to having admitted to record under a alias, thus being credited as one artist. Pet Shop Boys leads among duo or groups with 11 number-ones, while Christina Aguilera and Prince are tied with 10 number ones. American singer, songwriter, and producer Madonna has achieved a record-extending 46 number-one songs on the U.S. "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart. In addition to this feat, she also holds the record for the most chart hits, the most top-twenty hits, the most top-ten hits | 1 | who has had the most xmas number ones | None |
{
"answer_start": [
776
],
"text": [
"Emma Caulfield"
]
} | Cole. The art for the album, which is also used as cover for related items, such as the script book, the Region 2 DVD and the poster, is by popular comic book artist Adam Hughes. The booklet includes liner notes by Whedon, the lyrics for the numbers, and various pictures from the episode. Vocal performers are in brackets and are listed as their character name. Tracks with no performer are score pieces by Christophe Beck. AllMusic gave the album five out of five stars, stating that the music is "every bit as fun as the episode itself", praising the voices </s> tumultuous relationship with rich girl Cordelia Chase (Charisma Carpenter), brief fling with his best friend Willow (Alyson Hannigan) prior to her coming out, and his long-term relationship with ex-demon Anya (Emma Caulfield). In "Season Eight", the character's older-brother relationship with Buffy's little sister Dawn (Michelle Trachtenberg) also develops along romantic lines, too late for Buffy to realize her compatibility with Xander. The character of Xander Harris also appears in numerous items in the series Expanded Universe, such as comic books, tie-in novels and video games. Xander Harris is introduced in season one's (1997) two-part premiere "Welcome to the Hellmouth"/"The Harvest". </s> Davies found "mind-boggling". The actors were initially bewildered; in 2012, James Marsters commented that "it's obvious now that they were good songs but the thing was Joss and his wife Kai, they don't sing very well. And they don't play piano very well. The songs sounded really cheesy and horrible... We were saying, 'Joss, you're ruining our careers.'" Preparing for the episode was physically difficult for some of the cast members, most of whom had little experience singing and dancing. They spent three months in voice training. Two choreographers worked with Whedon and the cast on dance sequences. Michelle Trachtenberg | 1 | who played the demon in buffy once more with feeling | None |
{
"answer_start": [
829
],
"text": [
"1789"
]
} | amendment could have instead referred to "the right of the "militia" to keep and bear arms" instead of "the right of the "people" to keep and bear arms." In "Heller" the majority rejected the view that the term "to bear arms" implies only the military use of arms: In a dissent, joined by Justices Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer, Justice Stevens said: A May 2018 analysis by Dennis Baron contradicted the majority opinion: A search of Brigham Young University’s new online Corpus of Founding Era American English, with more than 95,000 texts and 138 million words, yields 281 instances of the </s> and the Constitution of New Hampshire (stating in 1784 that "nonresistance against arbitrary power, and oppression, is absurd, slavish, and destructive of the good and happiness of mankind"). There was an ongoing debate beginning in 1789 about "the people" fighting governmental tyranny (as described by Anti-Federalists); or the risk of mob rule of "the people" (as described by the Federalists) related to the increasingly violent French Revolution. A widespread fear, during the debates on ratifying the Constitution, was the possibility of a military takeover of the states by the federal government, which could happen if the Congress passed laws prohibiting </s> governments ... forms a barrier against the enterprises of ambition". By January 1788, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia and Connecticut ratified the Constitution without insisting upon amendments. Several amendments were proposed, but were not adopted at the time the Constitution was ratified. For example, the Pennsylvania convention debated fifteen amendments, one of which concerned the right of the people to be armed, another with the militia. The Massachusetts convention also ratified the Constitution with an attached list of proposed amendments. In the end, the ratification convention was so evenly divided between those for and against the Constitution that the federalists | 1 | when was the second amendment of the constitution written | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1233
],
"text": [
"Kris Allen"
]
} | then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records. In addition to Allen, Adam Lambert, Danny Gokey, Allison Iraheta, Lil Rounds, Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver. Several changes were planned for season eight. Fox Entertainment president Kevin Reilly stated that "Idol" would feature fewer "William Hung-like" contestants and "funny auditions," and would quickly move its focus to the potential singers during the earlier stages of the competition, thus moving the season at a faster pace. Mike Darnell, president of Fox's alternative programming, said the contestants would be more emotional and that viewers would learn more about them and their pasts than they had </s> Although the claim was later retracted, it resulted in allegations that AT&T may have influenced the results. Fox had previously denied these claims as baseless, stating that the network has no preference on who the winner might be. AT&T meanwhile said in a statement that the vote tally above was based on incorrect information and apologized by saying that "AT&T does not divulge or confirm how many votes were cast in any state." On May 27, 2009, the producers of the show stated that they "stand by the outcome" and are "absolutely certain" that "without a doubt Kris Allen is </s> in 2003. Initially eliminated from the Top 13, Giraud was chosen by the judges to rejoin the competition during the Wild Card round. Giraud was the lowest vote-getter during the Top 7, but was saved by the judges and eventually eliminated in Top 5. He released an album called "Perspective" in 2003 and another in 2006 called "Mind Body and Soul". Anoop Desai (born December 20, 1986 in Cary, North Carolina, 22 years at the time of the show) is from Chapel Hill, North Carolina and auditioned in Kansas City, Missouri. Desai is an only child, whose father was born | 1 | who won the 8th season of american idol | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1324
],
"text": [
"cantons"
]
} | candidates do not have to register for the election, or to actually be members of the National Council. The Federal Council is elected by the Federal Assembly for a four-year term. Present members are: Doris Leuthard (CVP/PDC), Guy Parmelin (SVP/UDC), Ueli Maurer (SVP/UDC), Ignazio Cassis (FDP/PRD), Simonetta Sommaruga (SP/PS), Johann Schneider-Ammann (FDP/PRD) and Alain Berset (SP/PS). The largely ceremonial President and Vice President of the Confederation are elected by the Federal Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for one-year terms that run concurrently. The President has almost no powers over and above his or her six colleagues, </s> in 972, as Old High German ', ultimately perhaps related to ' ‘to burn’ (cf. Old Norse "svíða" ‘to singe, burn’), referring to the area of forest that was burned and cleared to build. The name was extended to the area dominated by the canton, and after the Swabian War of 1499 gradually came to be used for the entire Confederation. The Swiss German name of the country, ', is homophonous to that of the canton and the settlement, but distinguished by the use of the definite article (' for the Confederation, but simply "" for the canton and the </s> Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a country in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities. The sovereign state is a federal republic situated in western, central and southern Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning a total area of (land area ). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the | 1 | term for a member state of the swiss confederation | None |
{
"answer_start": [
174
],
"text": [
"Guy Clark"
]
} | the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time. Desperados Waiting for a Train "Desperados Waiting for a Train" is a song written by Guy Clark and originally recorded by Jerry Jeff Walker for his 1973 album "Viva Terlingua". It subsequently appeared on Rita Coolidge's 1974 album "Fall into Spring", David Allan Coe's third album, "The Mysterious Rhinestone Cowboy" (1974), Tom Rush's album "Ladies Love Outlaws" the same year, before Clark's own rendition was released on his first LP, 1975's "Old No. 1". Clark has stated that the song is about </s> El Diablo Suelto El Diablo Suelto ("The Devil on the Loose"), published originally in 1888, is one of the most renowned songs in Venezuela's music history. Composed by Heraclio Fernández, this popular waltz created in the western state of Zulia is played as a joropo, as it forms part of Venezuelan folk culture. Popular musician and composer Enrique Hidalgo wrote a little–known lyrics for the song, which was recorded by Gualberto Ibarreto in 1976. "Recógete muchacho por allá anda el diablo suelto;"<br> "Y lleva entre sus cachos al hijo de Ruperto"<br> "Que Lucifer lo llaman, Mandinga, varios nombres le dan"<br> </s> Deportee (Plane Wreck at Los Gatos) "Deportee (Plane Wreck at Los Gatos)" is a protest song with lyrics by Woody Guthrie and music by Martin Hoffman detailing the January 28, 1948 crash of a plane near Los Gatos Canyon, west of Coalinga in Fresno County, California, United States. The crash occurred in Los Gatos Canyon and not in the town of Los Gatos itself, which is in Santa Clara County, approximately 150 miles away. Guthrie was inspired to write the song by what he considered the racist mistreatment of the passengers before and after the accident. The crash resulted in | 1 | who wrote the song desperados waiting for a train | None |
{
"answer_start": [
319
],
"text": [
"Frances McDormand"
]
} | Loren. Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars. Meryl Streep, who has a total of 21 Oscar nominations (three wins), has been nominated in this category on 17 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2018 ceremony, Frances McDormand is the most recent winner in this category for her role as Mildred Hayes in "Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri". In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los </s> Exploration at NASA – accepted Asghar Farhadi's Oscar on his behalf at the ceremony. Congratulations which had initially been tweeted to the Iranian people from the US State Department's official Persian-language Twitter account were deleted following the acceptance speech given by Firouz Naderi in which President Trump's travel ban was described as "inhumane". Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway came onstage to present the award for Best Picture, in celebration of the 50th anniversary of "Bonnie and Clyde". After opening the envelope, Beatty hesitated to announce the winner, eventually showing it to Dunaway, who glanced at it and declared the favorite </s> at The Ritz-Carlton Huntington Hotel & Spa in Pasadena, California held on February 12, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Scarlett Johansson. "The Aviator" won the most awards of the night with five. "Million Dollar Baby" won four awards, including Best Picture. Other winners included "The Incredibles", and "Ray" with two awards, and "Born into Brothels", "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind", "Finding Neverland", "Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events", "", "The Motorcycle Diaries", "Ryan", "The Sea Inside", "Sideways", "Spider-Man 2" and "Wasp" each with one. The telecast garnered over 42 million viewers in the | 1 | who won the academy award for best actress in 2018 | None |
{
"answer_start": [
455
],
"text": [
"The Beatles"
]
} | in 2004, re-entered the charts peaking at No. 5 in 2012. The following week after peaking at No. 5 the album plummeted to No. 195, the second-greatest drop for an album that still remained on the chart, in Billboard album history. This gives the group a span of 44 years, 9 months since their first Top 10 album, 1967's "Bee Gees' 1st", which peaked at No. 7 in November 1967. The only other groups with longer spans are The Beach Boys (49 years 1 week), The Beatles (47 years 7 months), and The Rolling Stones (45 years 6 months). Two </s> was followed by "Don't Stop the Music", "Shut Up and Drive" and "Disturbia". Her fourth album, "Rated R" charted three number one songs: "Russian Roulette", "Hard" featuring Jeezy and "Rude Boy". With "Hard" reaching the top spot, Rihanna logged to shortest time span of reaching ten number-one songs, doing so in four years and five months. However, Lady Gaga broke this record in August 2011, achieving 10 in just two years, five months and three weeks. Rihanna's fifth album, "Loud", garnered three number-ones: "Only Girl (In the World)", "S&M" and "California King Bed". In between the release of "Only Girl </s> selling artist of all time, with sales over 1 billion records worldwide in all formats (600 million in the United States alone). The number of hits Elvis Presley had in the US became a topic of discussion in several news articles when it was announced by "Billboard" magazine in April 2008 that Mariah Carey and Madonna had surpassed Elvis Presley in the number of "Number 1" and "Top Ten" hits, with 18 and 37 hits respectively. Analysts pointed out that the new records had been achieved by reducing Elvis’ numbers, by taking away previously counted "Number 1" hits, deeming double-sided | 1 | who had the most number one hits in music | None |
{
"answer_start": [
338
],
"text": [
"Natasha Richardson"
]
} | The Parent Trap (1998 film) The Parent Trap is a 1998 American romantic comedy-drama film co-written and directed by Nancy Meyers, and produced and co-written by Charles Shyer. It is a remake of the 1961 film of the same name and an adaptation of Erich Kästner's German novel "Lottie and Lisa" ("Das doppelte Lottchen"). Dennis Quaid and Natasha Richardson star as a divorced couple who separated shortly after their identical twin daughters' birth; Lindsay Lohan stars (in her film debut) as both twins, Hallie Parker and Annie James, who are fortuitously reunited at summer camp after being separated at birth. </s> The twins were portrayed by Lindsay Lohan. "The Parent Trap" is a film directed by David Swift for Walt Disney Pictures released in 1961. It was based on the book "Das Doppelte Lottchen" written by Erich Kästner. The film stars Hayley Mills who plays the roles of the thirteen-year-old twin girls, Sharon and Susan. Maureen O'Hara and Brian Keith play the twins’ parents, Maggie and Mitch. The film is about the two girls who meet at a summer camp as strangers and realize that they are identical twins. They switch places so that each can meet the parent they don't </s> Nick and Elizabeth getting remarried aboard the "Queen Elizabeth 2", with Annie and Hallie as bridesmaids, and Martin proposing to Chessy. Lindsay's mother, Dina, and siblings, Michael, Ali and Cody, all appear in uncredited cameos at the airport. Michael also appears in the movie as a boy who accidentally winds up at Camp Walden, mistaking it for a boys' camp. Erin Mackey was Lindsay's stunt double for Annie and Hallie. Joanna Barnes, who in the original 1961 film played Vicki Robinson, child-hating gold-digger who wanted to marry the girls' father for his money, appears in this film as Vicki Blake, | 1 | who played the mom in the remake of the parent trap | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1310
],
"text": [
"Barry Bonds"
]
} | (up until 2013) is the Chicago Cubs with 94,138. The record for most runs scored by a team in a single game is 36, set by the Chicago Colts (now the Chicago Cubs) against the Louisville Colonels (which joined the National League in 1892) on June 29, 1897. The modern-day record of 30 was set on August 22, 2007, by the Texas Rangers against the Baltimore Orioles in the first game of a doubleheader at Oriole Park. The Rangers scored 5 runs in the fourth inning, 9 in the sixth, 10 in the eighth, and 6 in the ninth. On </s> August 25, 1922, the highest-scoring game in major-league history took place: the Chicago Cubs defeated the Philadelphia Phillies 26–23, a total of 49 runs. The record for most runs scored by a team in a single inning is 18, set by the Chicago White Stockings (now the Chicago Cubs) against the Detroit Wolverines on September 6, 1883. The modern-day record is 17, achieved by the Boston Red Sox against the Detroit Tigers on June 18, 1953. The Yankees' Mickey Mantle holds the record for most career World Series runs scored with 42 (1951–53, 1955–58, 1960–64). The record for most runs </s> the 2006 World Baseball Classic Japanese team. Oh holds the all-time home run world record, having hit 868 home runs in his career. In Major League Baseball, the career record is 762, held by Barry Bonds, who broke Hank Aaron's record on August 7, 2007, when he hit his 756th home run at AT&T Park off pitcher Mike Bacsik. Only eight other major league players have hit as many as 600: Hank Aaron (755), Babe Ruth (714), Alex Rodriguez (696), Willie Mays (660), Albert Pujols (633), Ken Griffey, Jr. (630), Jim Thome (612), and Sammy Sosa (609). The single season | 1 | who has the most home runs in major league baseball | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1613
],
"text": [
"Congress"
]
} | United States courts of appeals The United States courts of appeals or circuit courts are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal court system. A court of appeals decides appeals from the district courts within its federal judicial circuit, and in some instances from other designated federal courts and administrative agencies. The United States courts of appeals are considered among the most powerful and influential courts in the United States. Because of their ability to set legal precedent in regions that cover millions of Americans, the United States courts of appeals have strong policy influence on U.S. law. </s> Appellate court An appellate court, commonly called an appeals court, court of appeals (American English), appeal court (British English), court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In most jurisdictions, the court system is divided into at least three levels: the trial court, which initially hears cases and reviews evidence and testimony to determine the facts of the case; at least one intermediate appellate court; and a supreme court (or court of last resort) which primarily reviews the decisions of </s> review agency decisions, military courts-martial appeal courts, ancillary courts with judges appointed by Article III appeals court judges, or administrative agencies and administrative law judges (ALJs). Article I judges do not enjoy the same protections as their Article III counterparts. For example, these judges do not enjoy life tenure, and Congress may reduce their salaries. The existence of Article I tribunals has long been controversial, and their power challenged numerous times. The Supreme Court has consistently affirmed their Constitutionality, and has delineated their power on several occasions. In "Murray's Lessee v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co." () the Court ruled | 1 | who is given the power to establish the inferior courts of the federal system | None |
{
"answer_start": [
232
],
"text": [
"2014"
]
} | to stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity, while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes. "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes" was released in the United States on July 11, 2014 and was met with highly positive reviews, with critics praising its visual effects, story, direction, acting, musical score, action sequences and emotional depth. It was also a box office success, grossing over $710 million worldwide, and making it the eighth-highest-grossing film of 2014. The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects. It was also </s> Kodi Smit-McPhee were cast in lead roles for the sequel, set ten years after the events from the first film. In March 2013, actress Keri Russell was cast in a role. That same month, Judy Greer was cast as Cornelia, a female chimp and love interest for Caesar. Toby Kebbell, Enrique Murciano and Kirk Acevedo joined the cast during filming. On May 15, 2013, Jocko Sims was cast in a supporting role of military operative Werner. Filming began in April 2013 around the town of Campbell River, British Columbia. The location of Vancouver Island was chosen for its similarity to </s> Battle for the Planet of the Apes Battle for the Planet of the Apes is a 1973 science fiction film directed by J. Lee Thompson. It is the fifth and final entry in the original "Planet of the Apes" series, produced by Arthur P. Jacobs, following "Conquest of the Planet of the Apes". It stars Roddy McDowall, Claude Akins, Natalie Trundy, Severn Darden, Lew Ayres, Paul Williams and John Huston. The two sequels in the 2010s reboot series, "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes" and "War for the Planet of the Apes", have a similar premise to "Battle", but | 1 | when did dawn of the apes come out | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1410
],
"text": [
"Kimbra"
]
} | I Know Somebody "I Know Somebody" is a song recorded by American country music duo LoCash (formerly LoCash Cowboys). It was released to radio on February 22, 2016 as the second single from "The Fighters". The song was written by Rhett Akins, Ross Copperman and Jeremy Stover. "I Know Somebody" reached number one on the "Billboard" Country Airplay chart, giving LoCash their first number-one country hit. It also peaked at numbers 4 and 52 on both the Hot Country Songs and Hot 100 charts respectively. The song was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has </s> mayhem takes place. The film received positive reviews and has a 93% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Everybody Loves Somebody (film) Everybody Loves Somebody is a 2017 Mexican romantic comedy film written and directed by Catalina Aguilar Mastretta, and starring Karla Souza and José María Yazpik. A successful and single physician officially provides obstetrics and gynaecology service but also gives couples advice on happiness. The twist is that she has not enjoyed success in her own romantic life. She travels between her job in the United States and her immediate family's location in Mexico. She asks her co-worker to pose as </s> between January and May 2011 with Gotye struggling to find a suitable female vocalist, as a "'high profile' female vocalist" cancelled the collaboration at the last minute, and Kimbra "lucked out as the replacement". He tested his girlfriend, Tash Parker, but "somehow their happiness meant that it didn't work out" so he followed the recommendation of the song's mixer and used Kimbra's vocals. Martin Davies from Click Music considered the song "instantly captivating", and named Kimbra's voice "clean and sugar-soaked", further commenting that it bears an "uncanny resemblance" to singer Katy Perry. Gotye stated that the song was "definitely drawn | 1 | who is the girl in somebody that i used to know | None |
{
"answer_start": [
1658
],
"text": [
"parable told by Jesus"
]
} | are sung before the seven blessings. After the bride has been given the ring, or at the end of the ceremony (depending on local custom), the groom breaks a glass, crushing it with his right foot, and the guests shout "" ( 'congratulations'). At some contemporary weddings, a lightbulb may be substituted because it is thinner and more easily broken, and it makes a louder popping sound. The origin of this custom is unknown, although many reasons have been given. The primary reason is that joy must always be tempered. This is based on two accounts in the Talmud of </s> other men, requiring a religious divorce (get) to dissolve, and the final stage permits the couple to each other. The ceremony that accomplishes nisuin is known as chuppah. Today, "erusin/kiddushin" occurs when the groom gives the bride a ring or other object of value with the intent of creating a marriage. There are differing opinions as to which part of the ceremony constitutes "nissuin/chuppah"; they include standing under the canopy - itself called a "chuppah" - and being alone together in a room (yichud). While historically these two events could take place as much as a year apart, they are </s> fed.</poem> The topic was the prescribed reading for the Second Sunday after Trinity and Twentieth Sunday after Trinity. For the first occasion Bach composed cantatas "Die Himmel erzählen die Ehre Gottes, BWV 76" in 1723 and "Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein, BWV 2" in 1724. For the second occasion he wrote Schmücke dich, o liebe Seele, BWV 180 in 1724. Parable of the Great Banquet The Parable of the Great Banquet or the Wedding Feast or the Marriage of the King's Son is a parable told by Jesus in the New Testament, found in Matthew and Luke . It | 1 | what is the wedding feast in the bible | None |
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