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This is a python-based code to be run under PyNomo software to construct a type 8 nomogram for projectile trajectory determination, that has the following expression: \(y=x*\tan\alpha-{{g*x^{2}}\over{2*V_{0}^{2}*\cos^{2}\alpha}}\) which can be represented under the determinant form satisfying type 9 nomogram. | 9 |
a method of reducing the water requirements of a cementitious slurry and of improving the properties of a cementitious slurry by adding a mineral additive comprising fly ash having a predominant particle size of up to about 10 microns , and / or aluminous material having a predominant particle size of up to about 150 microns . the additive acts as a water reduction agent and can replace either wholly or partially a conventional plasticiser . | 8 |
a pulse photometry probe having the following structure is disclosed . a tape - shaped compressive bandage section has a first surface , a second surface opposing to the first surface , a first through hole and a second through hole each connecting the first surface and the second surface . the bandage section is adapted to be wound around a living tissue such that the first surface is brought into contact with the living tissue . a light emitter emits light toward a living tissue . the light emitter detachably attached on a first position of the second surface such that the light passes through the first through hole . a light receiver receives the light which has been emitted from the light emitter and transmitted through the living tissue . the light receiver detachably attached on a second position of the second surface such that the light passes through the second through hole . | 0 |
This review has two parts. The first one is devoted to the Barbier–Chalonge–Divan (BCD) spectrophotometric system, also known as the Paris spectral classification system. Although the BCD system has been applied and is still used for all stellar objects from O to F spectral types, the present account mainly concerns normal and 'active' B-type stars. The second part treats topics related to stellar rotation, considered one of the key phenomena determining the structure and evolution of stars. The first part is eminently observational. In contrast, the second part deals with observational aspects related to stellar rotation but also recalls some supporting or basic theoretical concepts that may help better understand the gains and shortcomings of today's existent interpretation of stellar data. | 9 |
frangible projectiles for firearms and processes for making such projectiles are disclosed . the projectiles include a sintered , compacted mixture of powdered iron particles with other particles , including powdered copper particles and optionally powdered tin particles . the disclosed projectiles produce a similar feel and mimic the ballistic properties of lead projectiles of similar size and caliber , yet readily break - up upon impact with a hard surface in order to minimize ricochet or splatter . the disclosed projectiles and processes for making the projectiles meet the need for inexpensive , lead - free frangible projectiles . | 5 |
disclosed are a radio transmission device and a radio transmission method which reduce the rach conflict ratio and improve the rach detection characteristic . when the device and the method are used : as the number of signature numbers allocated for ue by the network side increases , the condition for allocating a signature by ue itself is mitigated and an expectation value which is a statistic average value of the ra quantity using the signature allocated by ue for itself is decreased ; and as the number of signature numbers allocated for ue by the network side decreases , the condition for allocating a signature by ue itself is limited and an expectation value of the ra quantity using the signature allocated by ue for itself is increased . | 7 |
when errors arise in a computing system that has plural modules , this invention corrects those errors . in the first instance , the invention excludes the computing system itself , but receives error messages from the plural modules of that system — along plural receiving connections , respectively . plural sending connections return corrective responses to plural modules of that system , respectively . in a second instance , the invention further incorporates that system . the invention is hierarchical : plural levels or tiers of apparatus and function are present — a first one directly serving that system as described above , and others that analogously serve the first tier of the invention — and then also the subsequent tiers , in a cascading or nested fashion , down to preferably a bottom - level tier supporting all the upper ones . each level preferably controls power interruption and restoration to higher levels . ideally the hierarchy is in the form of a “ system on chip ”. | 6 |
No description provided. | 9 |
a method of fabricating an integrated circuit package . the method includes providing a first leadframe and a second leadframe , laminating the second leadframe to a portion of the first leadframe in order to create a multi - layer laminated leadframe , and mounting a semiconductor die on another portion of the first leadframe . | 7 |
the devices and methods described herein relate to jointless construction of complex structures . such devices have applicability in through - out the body , including clearing of blockages within body lumens , such as the vasculature , by addressing the frictional resistance on the obstruction prior to attempting to translate and / or mobilize the obstruction within the body lumen | 0 |
an apparatus is disclosed for warning of the abnormality of an engine including a magneto generating an a . c . voltage and an ignition coil which includes a first signal generation section for generating a first signal including an electric quantity corresponding to the insulation resistance of lubricating oil , a temperature detecting section for producing temperature signal , a reference signal generation section for generating a reference signal in response to the temperature signal , an oil - shortage judging section for comparing the first signal and the reference signal to determine that the engine has a shortage of oil when the first signal is larger than the reference signal and generating a shortage signal , a control section for performing a short - circuit of a primary side of the ignition coil to produce a short - circuit current in response to the shortage signal and an oil - shortage display section for displaying the warning of the shortage of oil in response to the short - circuit current . | 6 |
a process for making a high molecular weight polycarbonate resin is disclosed . the process entails obtaining at least one member selected from the group low molecular weight residue of aromatic polycarbonate production , waste of polycarbonate production , remainders of polycarbonate production and polycarbonate recyclate melting the said member in a suitable vessel to obtain a melt and feeding the melt into a reactor optionally along with at least one bisphenol or oligocarbonate having terminal oh groups and further optionally with a transesterification catalyst , and subjecting the melt to transesterification reaction at a temperature of 250 to 350 ° c ., at a pressure below 5 mbar and residence time of 0 . 02 - 4 hours . | 2 |
Cosmological hydrodynamic simulations can accurately predict the properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM), but only under the condition of retaining the high spatial resolution necessary to resolve density fluctuations in the IGM. This resolution constraint prohibits simulating large volumes, such as those probed by BOSS and future surveys, like DESI and 4MOST. To overcome this limitation, we present “Iteratively Matched Statistics” (IMS), a novel method to accurately model the Lyα forest with collisionless N-body simulations, where the relevant density fluctuations are unresolved. We use a small-box, high-resolution hydrodynamic simulation to obtain the probability distribution function (PDF) and the power spectrum of the real-space Lyα forest flux. These two statistics are iteratively mapped onto a pseudo-flux field of an N-body simulation, which we construct from the matter density. We demonstrate that our method can reproduce the PDF, line of sight and 3D power spectra of the Lyα forest with good accuracy (7%, 4%, and 7% respectively). We quantify the performance of the commonly used Gaussian smoothing technique and show that it has significantly lower accuracy (20%-80%), especially for N-body simulations with achievable mean inter-particle separations in large-volume simulations. In addition, we show that IMS produces reasonable and smooth spectra, making it a powerful tool for modeling the IGM in large cosmological volumes and for producing realistic “mock” skies for Lyα forest surveys. | 9 |
While interstellar gas is known to be supersonically turbulent, the injection processes of this turbulence are still unclear. Many studies suggest a dominant role of gravitational instabilities. However, their effect on galaxy morphology and large-scale dynamics varies across cosmic times, in particular, due to the evolution of the gas fraction of galaxies. In this paper, we propose numerical simulations to follow the isothermal turbulent cascade of purely gravitationally driven turbulence from its injection scale down to 0.095 pc for a gas-poor spiral disk and a gas-rich clumpy disk. For this purpose, and to lift the memory-footprint technical lock of sufficiently resolving the interstellar medium of a galaxy, we developed an encapsulated zoom method that allows us to self-consistently probe the self-generated turbulence cascade over three orders of magnitude on spatial scales. We followed this cascade for 10 Myr. We find that the turbulent cascade follows the same scaling laws in both setups. Namely, in both cases, the turbulence is close to equipartition between its compressive and solenoidal modes, the velocity power spectrum follows the Burgers scaling, and the density power spectrum is rather shallow, with a power-law slope of −0.7. Last, gravitationally bound substructures follow a mass distribution with a −1.8 slope, similar to that of CO clumps. These simulations thus suggest that gravity-driven isothermal turbulent cascades are universal in disk galaxies across cosmic time. | 9 |
The strong intervening absorption system at redshift 1.15 towards the very bright quasar HE 0515−4414 is the most studied absorber for measuring possible cosmological variations in the fine-structure constant, α. We observed HE 0515−4414 for 16.1 h with the Very Large Telescope and present here the first constraint on relative variations in α with parts-per-million (ppm) precision from the new ESPRESSO spectrograph: Δα/α = 1.3 ± 1.3<SUB>stat</SUB> ± 0.4<SUB>sys</SUB> ppm. The statistical uncertainty (1σ) is similar to the ensemble precision of previous large samples of absorbers and derives from the high signal-to-noise ratio achieved (≈105 per 0.4 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> pixel). ESPRESSO's design, and the calibration of our observations with its laser frequency comb, effectively removed wavelength calibration errors from our measurement. The high resolving power of our ESPRESSO spectrum (R = 145 000) enabled the identification of very narrow components within the absorption profile, allowing a more robust analysis of Δα/α. The evidence for the narrow components is corroborated by their correspondence with previously detected molecular hydrogen and neutral carbon. The main remaining systematic errors arise from ambiguities in the absorption profile modelling, effects from redispersing the individual quasar exposures, and convergence of the parameter estimation algorithm. All analyses of the spectrum, including systematic error estimates, were initially blinded to avoid human biases. We make our reduced ESPRESSO spectrum of HE 0515−4414 publicly available for further analysis. Combining our ESPRESSO result with 28 measurements, from other spectrographs, in which wavelength calibration errors have been mitigated yields a weighted mean Δα/α = −0.5 ± 0.5<SUB>stat</SUB> ± 0.4<SUB>sys</SUB> ppm at redshifts 0.6−2.4. <P />Based on Guaranteed Time Observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1102.A-0852 by the ESPRESSO Consortium. <P />Based on Guaranteed Time Observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1102.A-0852 by the ESPRESSO Consortium. <P />The data and analysis products from this work are publicly available at <A href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512490">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5512490</A> (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R57">Murphy et al. 2021</xref>). | 9 |
semiconductor micro - and nanotubes allow the incorporation of ordered structures such as quantum wells and quantum dots into them providing the potential for ultralow threshold micro - and nanoscale lasers for use in applications such as future ultrahigh - speed photonic systems as well as quantum information processing . according to the invention a means of manufacturing these with high reproducibility , low processing complexity , and at high densities is provided . also provided is a means of releasing these micro - and nanotubes with low stress and a method of “ pick - and - place ” allowing micro - and nanotubes to be exploited in devices integrated on substrates that are either incompatible with the manufacturing technique or where the area of substrate required to manufacture them is detrimental to the cost or performance of the circuit . | 7 |
the instant invention is a novel method for stabilization of the posterior pelvis when treating an unstable pelvic ring fracture . cannulated screws are inserted through the posterior of the ilium through the sacroiliac joint and into the sacrum . the screws are used to affix the iliosacral joint while it heals . the screws are used in conjunction with a bone plate to provide the construct / fixation with added strength and stability compared to iliosacral fixation using screws alone . | 0 |
a mechanical acceleration switch acting in response to a collision involving a vehicle tends to occur with chattering , thereby lowering the reliability of operation due to insufficient application of an ignition current to an igniter of an air bag in the vehicle . when the mechanical acceleration switch is closed and first - stage igniters are ignited , a forced igniter is turned on . even if chattering occurs in the mechanical acceleration switch , the first - stage igniters and a backup capacitor are conductively connected by turning on a driving transistor , such that an electric current is sufficiently delivered to the igniters . as a result , it is possible to improve the reliability of the operation of starting the air bag . furthermore , it is no longer necessary to increase a capacity of the capacitor and change the constitution of the mechanical acceleration switch to decrease chattering therewith . | 1 |
an interconnecting post for mounting a microelectronic device such as an integral circuit chip is fabricated with generally uniform cross - section , by forming a first layer of positive photoresist on a substrate , soft - baking that first layer and exposing it for a short time with a wide - apertured mask or simply a uv blank flood exposure . without developing the first layer , a second layer of positive resist is then applied over the first layer , soft - baked , and then exposed with a narrow - apertured mask . during the soft - baking of the second layer , some of its activator in the photoresist compound diffuses into the exposed portion of the first layer and modifies its solubility in such a way that , when the layers are subsequently developed , the developer partially undercuts the unexposed portion of the first layer to form in the photoresist an opening of generally uniform cross - section . this opening can then be filled by plating to produce a strong , integral interconnect post . | 8 |
Context. Shadows in scattered light images of protoplanetary disks are a common feature and support the presence of warps or misalignments between disk regions. These warps are possibly caused by an inclined (sub-)stellar companion embedded in the disk. <BR /> Aims: We aim to study the morphology of the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae star HD 139614 based on the first scattered light observations of this disk, which we model with the radiative transfer code MCMax3D. <BR /> Methods: We obtained J- and H-band observations that show strong azimuthal asymmetries in polarized scattered light with VLT/SPHERE. In the outer disk, beyond ~30 au, a broad shadow spans a range of ~240 deg in position angle, in the east. A bright ring at ~16 au also shows an azimuthally asymmetric brightness, with the faintest side roughly coincidental with the brightest region of the outer disk. Additionally, two arcs are detected at ~34 and ~50 au. We created a simple four-zone approximation to a warped disk model of HD 139614 in order to qualitatively reproduce these features. The location and misalignment of the disk components were constrained from the shape and location of the shadows they cast. <BR /> Results: We find that the shadow on the outer disk covers a range of position angles too wide to be explained by a single inner misaligned component. Our model requires a minimum of two separate misaligned zones - or a continuously warped region - to cast this broad shadow on the outer disk. A small misalignment of ~4° between adjacent components can reproduce most of the observed shadow features. <BR /> Conclusions: Multiple misaligned disk zones, potentially mimicking a warp, can explain the observed broad shadows in the HD 139614 disk. A planetary mass companion in the disk, located on an inclined orbit, could be responsible for such a feature and for the dust-depleted gap responsible for a dip in the SED. <P />The reduced images are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/635/A121">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/635/A121</A> <P />Based on observations performed with SPHERE/VLT under program ID 096.C-0248(B) and 099.C-0147(B). | 9 |
methods and apparatus for rating uniform resource locators are disclosed . the method includes determining a request size pertaining to a length of the url to be rated and for generating a rating request message containing the url . the rating request message is a dns message if the request size is less than or equal to a predefined size limitation , and the rating request message is a http message if the request size is greater than the predefined size limitation . | 7 |
a filter device , in particular a reflux vacuum filter , has at least one filter housing in which at least one filter element can be accommodated . the filter element defines a longitudinal axis , and has at least two valve units in the form of a bypass valve and of a pre - pressurizing valve . the valve units are arranged concentric to and along the longitudinal axis of each filter element . | 1 |
the present invention provides method and apparatus for defining and redefining a non - contact dynamic user interface , which can control multiple applications or applets with one user interface . sensors are used to determine the position and motion of a user &# 39 ; s body or a pre - selected object , such as a wand . as new users train the user interface , the user interface determines the functionality of newly programmed commands and directions associated with physical positions and orientations of each users body , or of a physical object that is under the user &# 39 ; s control . existing functions and input meanings are used if they desired . new input command meanings and functionality are added as required . in an example system , a computer is directed by hand and arm positions of the user . the speed with which the user or physical moves may also by interpreted as an input parameter by the user interface . | 6 |
a thermal reflow processing system has a rotatable structure to which articles having a reflowable surface are attached . the structure is coupled to a drive motor which causes the structure to rotate at speeds which generate centripetal forces in excess of that of gravity . the system is equipped with at least one radiant heat source . as the articles are being subjected to a centripetal force , the surface is heated by the radiant heat source . | 5 |
a memex cell phone case for providing a combination of accessory functions in conjunction with a protective mobile device case , including a storable touchscreen stylus , a foldable , magnetically retained kickstand , an external memory expansion adapter , and openings for charging ports . the memory adapter permits consumers to increase the memory of their smart phone or other device which may be otherwise incapable or receiving a memory upgrade . the adapter includes a receptacle for commercially available memory storage devices such as a micro - sd card , and features a dust cover . the entire assembly is secured by a detachable phone retainer to ensure a positive connection between the phone and case functions . the memex case is designed to accommodate all the controls and functions of various mobile devices in a durable , utilitarian case while providing these additional accessories . | 0 |
the present invention concerns a composite iron - based powder suitable for soft magnetic applications such as inductor cores . the present invention also concerns a method for producing a soft magnetic component and the component produced by the method . | 1 |
A clear understanding of the nature of the pre-eruptive magnetic field configurations of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is required for understanding and eventually predicting solar eruptions. Only two, but seemingly disparate, magnetic configurations are considered viable; namely, sheared magnetic arcades (SMA) and magnetic flux ropes (MFR). They can form via three physical mechanisms (flux emergence, flux cancellation, helicity condensation). Whether the CME culprit is an SMA or an MFR, however, has been strongly debated for thirty years. We formed an International Space Science Institute (ISSI) team to address and resolve this issue and report the outcome here. We review the status of the field across modeling and observations, identify the open and closed issues, compile lists of SMA and MFR observables to be tested against observations and outline research activities to close the gaps in our current understanding. We propose that the combination of multi-viewpoint multi-thermal coronal observations and multi-height vector magnetic field measurements is the optimal approach for resolving the issue conclusively. We demonstrate the approach using MHD simulations and synthetic coronal images. | 9 |
We present a census of neutral gas in the Milky Way disk and halo down to limiting column densities of N(H I) ~ 10<SUP>14</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> using measurements of H I Lyman series absorption from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer. Our results are drawn from an analysis of 25 AGN sight lines spread evenly across the sky with Galactic latitude ∣b∣ ≳ 20°. By simultaneously fitting multi-component Voigt profiles to 11 Lyman series absorption transitions covered by FUSE (Lyβ-Lyμ) plus HST measurements of Lyα, we derive the kinematics and column densities of a sample of 152 H I absorption components. While saturation prevents accurate measurements of many components with column densities 17 ≲ log N(H I) ≲ 19, we derive robust measurements at log N(H I) ≲ 17 and log N(H I) ≳ 19. We derive the first ultraviolet H I column density distribution function (CDDF) of the Milky Way, both globally and for low-velocity (ISM), intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs), and high-velocity clouds (HVCs). We find that IVCs and HVCs show statistically indistinguishable CDDF slopes, with β <SUB>IVC</SUB> = $-{1.01}_{-0.14}^{+0.15}$ and β <SUB>HVC</SUB> = $-{1.05}_{-0.06}^{+0.07}$ . Overall, the CDDF of the Galactic disk and halo appears shallower than that found by comparable extragalactic surveys, suggesting a relative abundance of high column density gas in the Galactic halo. We derive the sky-covering fractions as a function of H I column density, finding an enhancement of IVC gas in the northern hemisphere compared to the south. We also find evidence for an excess of inflowing H I over outflowing H I, with -0.88 ± 0.40 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> of HVC inflow versus ≈0.20 ± 0.10 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> of HVC outflow, confirming an excess of inflowing HVCs seen in UV metal lines. | 9 |
exemplary embodiments herein provide a wireless transmitter / receiver which receives a unique identifier from a smart device and finds associated order history stored on an electronic storage device . a display controlling assembly may generate individualized image data based on the associated order history and transmits the individualized image data to the electronic menu board for display . in some embodiments , menu information is sent directly to the smart device . | 6 |
a three - phase / two - phase rotary transformer , includes a first single - phase rotary transformer and a second single - phase rotary transformer , the first transformer including a first body defining a first slot , a first coil in the first slot , a second body defining a second slot , and a second coil in the second slot , the second transformer including a third body defining a third slot , a third coil in the third slot , a fourth body defining a fourth slot , and a fourth coil in the fourth slot , wherein one terminal of the first coil is connected to the midpoint of the third coil , the first body , the first coil , the third body , and the third coil forming a three - phase portion of the transformer , the second body , the second coil , the fourth body , and said fourth coil forming a two - phase portion of the transformer . | 7 |
a wavelength selector for use in a laser cavity comprising a diffraction grating mounted at an angle near grazing incidence with respect to the beam travelling away from the excited medium and a reflector which reflects the beam diffracted by the grating back along its incidence path . wavelength tuning is accomplished by rorating this reflector , while the grating remains fixed . rotation of the grating provides linewidth variation . field of the invention the present invention relates generally to a new improvement in mounting a diffraction grating in optical systems , and more particularly to the applicability of this improvement for use in a laser cavity . the invention is envisaged as being applicable to dye lasers , high - pressure gas lasers , semiconductor diode lasers , and in general any type of laser which may be frequency - tuned by an external cavity . it is also applicable , mutatis mutandis , for use in spectrometers and parametric devices . | 7 |
a fluorination method of oxygen and halogen sites with diaryl -, dialkoxyalkyl -, alkylalkoxyalkyl -, arylalkoxyalkyl - and cyclic aminosulfur trifluorides fluorinating reagents is disclosed . | 2 |
a pump arrangement , particularly a magnetic clutch pump arrangement , is provided . the pump arrangement includes a containment can with a central longitudinal axis which hermetically seals an enclosed chamber with respect to the inner chamber formed by the pump housing . the containment can has a base with at least one bead extending into the inner chamber . the at least one bead is radially spaced from the central longitudinal axis of the containment shell by at least one defined distance relationship . a method for producing a such containment can for a pump arrangement is also provided . | 5 |
a material handling vehicle having a deadman brake resiliently suspended from a load receiving receptacle of the vehicle . brake shoes of the brake normally frictionally engage center wheels of the vehicle and restrain the vehicle from movement . grasping of a handle of the brakes together with a fixed handle provided on the vehicle cause the brake shoes to disengage from the center wheels and permit free movement of the vehicle . | 1 |
an optical disk and method of preparing it in which a macromolecular substrate has information bits mechanically formed on its surface and a reflective metallic reflective film is deposited thereover . the grain size of the metallic reflective film is kept to less than 50 nanometers by depositing at a rate of no more than 1 . 5 nanometers per second . | 8 |
a variable self - compensating detent control system for improved positioning accuracy and repeatability is provided . the detent control system provides a system for reducing positioning errors in the positioning of an x - ray tube in an x - ray imaging system , such as accurate and repeatable positioning of the x - ray tube at detents . the control system preferably includes a sensor unit generating positional or velocity signals indicative of the position or velocity of the x - ray tube and a microprocessor receiving the positional signals and determining an overshoot correction . the overshoot correction is used by the x - ray system to control a locking system controlling the position of the x - ray tube . the sensor unit may employ a potentiometer , a digital encoder , or preferably both in combination to determine the positional or velocity signals . | 0 |
methods for cryptographic delegation and enforcement of dynamic access to stored data are disclosed . an example method includes generating for a first modified data block , a new per - block hash value using as a hash function input data contained in the first modified data block or a new per - block hash message authentication code using as hash function inputs a new per - block hash key and data contained in the first modified data block , writing the new per - block hash value or the new per - block hmac to data block metadata associated with the modified data block in the protected data object , and writing the first modified data block to one of the data blocks of the protected data object . | 7 |
novel polyamino acid based coupling agents are disclosed . these reagents are useful for conjugating proteins for use in diagnostic assays . | 2 |
a system provides an interface for a client application to programmatically access a web site . a simple data extractor returns a retrieved web page in a well - formed syntax to the client application . web forms crawled or otherwise retrieved from the internet are translated into service interfaces , or apis . the service interfaces are expressed in a simple object access protocol , and are registered in a universal description , discovery , and integration registry . for each web form analyzed , the present system automatically generates a program code that receives soap requests and translates them into regular web accesses , thus providing applications and application developers with an easy , programmatic interface to web sites such as search engines and other databases . the web pages are first processed by a component that analyzes the forms and generates a service description file for each form . the sd file contains all the information necessary for producing the ultimate output of the system : api descriptions in the form of wsdl files , wds files , and isd files . the sd file is also used for generating executable program code such as the java language that implements the service . the executable code is then compiled , deployed in a soap service manager using the isd file , and finally published in a uddi registry using the wsdl and wds files . | 6 |
an automatically operating casting ladle apparatus for the scooping up and delivery of an exactly measured amount of molten metal to die - casting machines , casting molds , etc ., in which an exact positioning of the casting ladle is ensured , on the one hand by control means regulating the depth and the angle of tilt of the ladle in the metal bath on filling , and on the other hand by a compensatory movement to ensure that the point of impact of the stream of molten metal remains fixed at each pouring . the control and drive units are , as far as possible , located outside the radiation range of the crucible , and they are otherwise protected against heat influence by surrounding casings . | 1 |
a cargo bed has a succession of swinging side wall panels whose top margins self - align when staked in upright positions . | 1 |
a compound of the formula wherein x is cl or ch 3 , or a salt thereof , is useful as a spin trap in various assays . | 8 |
disclosed are full - bridge power converters providing dc output power at increased conversion efficiencies , and methods of operating full - bridge power converters providing dc output power at increased conversion efficiencies . in disclosed embodiments , the switches of the full - bridge are operated to reduce conduction losses and to provide for zero - voltage switching . | 7 |
a powder - spraying apparatus having simultaneous internal and external charging , which is suitable for electrostatic powder coating . in order to achieve improved constancy of the deposition efficiency , largely independent of the distance between the powder - spraying apparatus and the work piece , it is proposed to connect both internal high - voltage electrodes and external high - voltage electrodes to a high - voltage source via high - resistance components . | 1 |
a shoe lace arrangement with fastener where a lace is engaged in a hole attachment and becomes engaged on a groove attachment as it crosses over a shoe frontal opening . the lace ends are tied permanently leaving enough slack to disengage the lace from the groove . once the lace is removed from the groove , a lace loop begins in one of the hole attachment and ends in one of the hole attachment on the same side of the shoe frontal opening ; thus allowing the un - restricted opening of the shoe . the slack is adjustable by lace placement in a grove . final tension in the shoe lace arrangement is obtained with a tension lever . | 0 |
a mechanism to improve the security and access control over a network , such as a wireless local area network , that takes advantage of web browser interactions without requiring explicit separate communication session between a hot spot network and a service provider network . the method comprises receiving a request to access the wlan from a mobile terminal / client disposed within a coverage area of the wlan . the access point of the network associates a session id and randomized number with an identifier associated with the mt and stores data mapping the session id to the identifier of the mt and randomized number . the local server transmits an authentication request in the form of a web page , which includes the session id and randomized number , to the mt . the ap receives from the mt a digitally signed authentication message , a parameter list containing user credential information , session id , and randomized number concerning the mt , the authentication message being digitally signed using the session id and randomized number together with the parameter list . the ap correlates the session id and parameter list received from the mt and , using the stored mapping data , generates a local digital signature for comparison with the received digitally signed authentication message for controlling access of the mt to the wlan . | 7 |
a plurality of canine acetabular cups designed to fit within different sized spherical reamed bone cavities to produce controlled interference without use of cements , screws or nails . each of the canine acetabular cups , regardless of size , mates with a common femoral head , providing interchangeability . the controlled interference is obtained through use of a multiple curvature ti — al — v shell having a porous coating . the interference starts from zero at 50 degrees from the apex of the shell and extends to full interference value at 90 degrees from the apex . the ti — al — v shell carries a uhmw polyethylene insert , which is locked by interference , a non - circular post mated with an elongated opening and a circumferential locking groove mated with an interior projection . initial stability is provided immediately after surgery due to the interference arrangement ; long term stability is afforded by bone ingrowth . | 0 |
disclosed are an electrode for high - frequency surgery , a high - frequency surgery device , and a method for controlling same , wherein the electrode for high - frequency surgery can be easily inserted and moved inside the lumens inside the body , and can expand a conduction area of a high - frequency current after reaching an area to be treated . the electrode for the high - frequency surgery , according to the present invention , comprises : a balloon ; and a conductive structure , which is arranged on the outside of the balloon and the exterior shape of which varies according to the volume of the balloon . | 0 |
a multi - purpose , multi - function tool of compact design made up of a plurality of components having levels thereon which interact together to provide a single tool which can perform a number of various functions or purposes within the design or construction industry . the tool having a support of predetermined thickness and being of a substantially triangular - shaped configuration defining a pair of legs and a hypotenuse . an edge member is situated on one of the legs of said support structure , the edge member being of a predetermined thickness greater than the predetermined thickness of the support structure for supporting the support structure on a surface . a rotatable member is pivotally mounted on the support structure for selective rotational movement with respect thereto and a curved extension protruding from the rotatable member having degree and rise markings thereon . a locking mechanism is operably interconnected with the curved extension to hold the curved extension and rotatable member in a selected position with respect to the support structure . | 6 |
an electrophotographic printing apparatus includes a paper supplying mechanism for supplying recording paper , and a transferring section for charging the recording paper supplied from the paper supplying mechanism by means of a transferring voltage and for transferring development material adhered to the surface of a charging body of the apparatus to the charged recording paper . the electrophotographic printing device further includes a transferring voltage control section for controlling the transferring voltage level according to the type of the recording paper . | 6 |
an apparatus and method cultivate trees by preventing freezing and frost damage and inhibiting root stalk sprouts . the apparatus is a frustoconical cover that rests on the ground to cover the root ball of the tree . the stalk and leaves are extended from a hole in the frustum . water such as mist is injectable within the cover to prevent cold and frost damage . | 0 |
a method of distinguishing between the front and back surfaces of a slide which includes an image on the front surface , comprises reflecting a light beam from each surface of the slide at an acute angle , measuring scattered light around the reflected light beam after the light beam has been reflected repeatedly , and comparing the measurements of the scattered light for the respective surfaces of the slide to detect which of the two measurements is larger . the surface whose measurement is larger is thus determined to be the front surface of the slide . | 6 |
a method whereby a downhole drilling transmission device that communicates to the surface automatically modifies its transmission parameters in order that it substantially improves its ability to adequately communicate with a surface receiver despite increasing signal attenuation between the two as the length of drillpipe increases . this utilizes a simple measure of localized downhole pressure that then relies upon a look - up table or similar that provides a correspondence between said pressure and measured depth . such a look - up table or similar can be readily built by incorporating appropriate features of the planned well such as drilling fluid flow rate , drilling fluid density , drilling fluid viscosity , well profile , bottom hole assembly component geometry , drillpipe geometry , and indications as to whether the fluid is flowing or stationary . upon determining the measured depth the tool then can attempt to modify or augment appropriate telemetry parameters in order to keep the signal received at surface within required parameters , thus offsetting the degradation due to increasing attenuation . | 4 |
the application concerns a digital publishing system that prevents piracy and protects the intellectual property rights of authors and publishers , using the encryption - decryption techniques developed for the financial industry . the system includes the following : a digireader , a digibookstore , a pubnetmanager and a digiguard . use of the system will replace the current paper - based publishing of books . | 6 |
a water treatment unit includes a mixing chamber surrounding the upper end of a riser containing an impeller . water can be moved from a body of water up through the riser , and out through laterally directed openings into the chamber adjacent to an air inlet . the water moving out the laterally directed openings of the stand pipe , mixes with air drawn in through the air inlet to oxygenate the water , and the oxygenated water exits the chamber into the body of water through one or more water outlets in the lower portion of the chamber due to the head developed by the inflow of water into the chamber . the outward flow of water from the chamber can cause a toroidal or other desired flow of water within the body of water surrounding the water treatment apparatus . | 1 |
No description provided. | 9 |
a data storage device has a host controller interface , a plurality of microprocessor units each having a portion of random access memory dedicated thereto , a plurality of flash device configurations each having dedicated bus connections to individual ones or multiples of the microprocessor units , and a dataflow controller accessible to the host controller interface for managing access to the flash device configurations . | 6 |
disclosed is apparatus and method for controlled surface plasmon resonance analysis having a surface plasmon resonance sensor with a derivatized surface plasmon layer in optical communication with the sensor , derivatizing the surface plasmon layer and placing an analyte detection chamber in fluid communication with the derivatized surface plasmon layer . the chamber is adapted for the generation of a molecular interaction bias across the chamber . a conjugate is provided between an analyte and a bias responsive element , wherein the analyte is reactive with the derivatized surface plasmon layer and the bias responsive element changes the response of the analyte to the molecular interaction bias . a conjugated analyte may be introduced into the chamber , generating a molecular interaction . | 6 |
methods of synthetically producing , formulating and using secretoglobins scgb1a1 , scgb3a2 , and scgb3a1 are provided . methods of using secretoglobins scgb1a1 , scgb3a2 , and scgb3a1 as therapeutic agents to affect long term patient outcomes , such as preventing severe respiratory exacerbations of underlying conditions that require medical intervention , including hospitalization are provided . methods of producing recombinant human secretoglobins , analytical methods , pharmaceutical compositions , and methods of use to prevent the long term sequelae of acute and chronic respiratory conditions are provided . | 2 |
a flow chamber is provided through which is flowed a mixture of a fluid and a particulate . the flow chamber comprises at least one multi - phase water inlet through which multi - phase water enters the flow chamber , a water outlet through which water exits the flow chamber , a solids outlet through which particles having a density at or above a pre - defined threshold exit the flow chamber , and a low density outlet through which particles having a density below the pre - defined threshold exit the flow chamber . also provided are one or more ultrasonic transducers and one or more reflectors corresponding to each transducer to acoustically filter the fluid and cause particles / fluid to be selectively diverted to one of the outlets . related apparatus , systems , techniques and articles are also described . | 2 |
there is provided , in accordance with some embodiments , a method comprising using one or more hardware processors for receiving a behavioral biometric model that characterizes a human user according to pointing device data of the human user , where the pointing device data comprises screen coordinate and time stamp pairs . the method comprises an action of monitoring an input data stream from a pointing device in real time , wherein the input data stream covers two or more spatial regions of a display screen , and an action of segregating the input data stream into one or more subset streams that is restricted to one of the plurality of spatial regions . the method comprises an action of computing a similarity score based on one or more comparisons of the behavioral biometric model and the one or more subset streams , and an action of sending the similarity score to a user authorization system . | 6 |
the present invention relates to an apparatus for synchronizing frame and detecting code group / number that is useful for an initial cell search of an asynchronous imt - 2000 system . to this end , the present invention discloses a method for synchronizing frame and detecting code group / number , including the steps of : synchronizing a slot at the time of a system booting , wherein the system obtains time offsets by using at least two despreaders with different timings from each other ; detecting energies and time offsets based on the designated position of the slot timing ; and detecting frame synchronization and code group / number by using the detected energies and information . | 7 |
a thermosensitive resist used in the manufacturing of printed circuit boards comprising a mixture of polyacrylic acid , a salt of a long chain fatty acid such as silver behenate , an infra - red absorber and modifiers such as additional polymers . in the unheated form the resist can be easily washed away with water - based mild solutions or pure water . when selectively heated by an ir laser a non - soluble , etch resistant composition is formed protecting the copper clad printed circuit board from the etchants used in the process . | 6 |
a method and apparatus is disclosed where a musical system is integrated with an outdoor seating apparatus , such that a user may rest comfortably while listening to music . the musical system is designed to withstand outdoor weather conditions . the musical system , typically a radio , is integrated with the backrest portion of the seating apparatus . the radio is designed to function in both extreme hot and cold temperatures . the radio also features rca inputs , so that external signal inputs may be played on the radio &# 39 ; s speakers . a cellular modem and interface is present so that a computer can connect to the internet . an adapter is also present so a cell phone can connect to the radio , and use the radio &# 39 ; s speakers . the speakers can be magnetic coil based , or may use flat panel speaker technology . | 7 |
a combustion chamber arrangement for a direct fuel injected internal combustion engine wherein the combustion chamber is formed in part by a recess in the piston head . fuel is injected into the combustion chamber so as to be introduced on one side of the recess with a spark plug being positioned so that its gap lies diametrically opposite the fuel injector . an arrangement is provided for introducing a swirl to the flow of fuel and the combustion chamber recess is canted so that its lower surface is deeper where the fuel first enters then on the other side so as to improve flame propagation and complete combustion while maintaining a high compression ratio . | 5 |
an improved method for filing and sealing tooth cavities involves the use of a cement composition which exhibits several advantages over existing orthograde and retrograde filling materials , including the ability to set in an aqueous environment . in a preferred embodiment , the cement composition comprises portland cement , or variations in the composition of such cement , which exhibit favorable physical attributes sufficient to form an effective seal against reentrance of infectious organisms . | 0 |
A full understanding of high-mass star formation requires the study of one of the most elusive components of the energy balance in the interstellar medium: magnetic fields. We report Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.2 mm, high-resolution (700 au) dust polarization and molecular line observations of the rotating hot molecular core embedded in the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 18089-1732. The dust continuum emission and magnetic field morphology present spiral-like features resembling a whirlpool. The velocity field traced by the H<SUP>13</SUP>CO<SUP>+</SUP> (J = 3-2) transition line reveals a complex structure with spiral filaments that are likely infalling and rotating, dragging the field with them. We have modeled the magnetic field and find that the best model corresponds to a weakly magnetized core with a mass-to-magnetic-flux ratio (λ) of 8.38. The modeled magnetic field is dominated by a poloidal component, but with an important contribution from the toroidal component that has a magnitude of 30% of the poloidal component. Using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, we estimate a magnetic field strength of 3.5 mG. At the spatial scales accessible to ALMA, an analysis of the energy balance of the system indicates that gravity overwhelms turbulence, rotation, and the magnetic field. We show that high-mass star formation can occur in weakly magnetized environments, with gravity taking the dominant role. | 9 |
a three - dimensional jacket - plate connector connects at least two members . each member comprises wide - flanged steel i - beam section . the jacket - plate connector comprises first and second three - dimensional jacket plates . | 4 |
a method of joining two components utilizes a fibrous preform at the joint . the preform has two lateral portions and a longitudinally extending flow path . the preform is sandwiched between the two components and enclosed within a vacuum bag . resin is introduced at an inlet of the flowpath while a vacuum pump creates a suction at an outlet end and along the lateral side edges . the flow path has greater permeability than the remaining portions of the preform , causing the resin to flow to the outlet end . when the resin reaches the outlet end , the suction at the outlet end is reduced , but the suction at the lateral edges remains without reduction to cause the resin to flow laterally into the preform . | 1 |
a logic level converter for translating differential cmos logic signals to into differential logic signal pairs such as those associated with ecl levels . the converter includes two components . a first component consists of two branches coupled to the switchable cmos level input and it provides a first switchable translated output . the second component is an ecl current switch . the current associated with the converter is mirrored through the branches to minimize the effects of fabrication , temperature , and / or power supply vagaries , as well as a very fast and tolerance independent signal level translation . | 7 |
an accelerator pedal device comprises a pedal lever having a pivot shaft which is pivotally supported by a fixed support bracket . the pedal lever is biased in such a direction that an upper part of the pedal lever approaches a fixed stopper member . a first auxiliary lever is pivotally supported by the pivot shaft and has a first upper portion located between the stopper member and the upper part of the pedal lever . a second auxiliary lever is pivotally supported by the pivot shaft and has a second upper portion located between the first upper portion and the upper part of the pedal lever . a first lost - motion mechanism is provided between the pedal lever and the second auxiliary lever , and a second lost - motion mechanism is provided between the second and first auxiliary levers . a first switch is arranged to be actuated when an intersection angle between the pedal lever and the second auxiliary lever becomes smaller than a first given angle and a second switch is arranged to be actuated when an intersection angle between the second and first auxiliary levers becomes smaller than a second given angle . | 5 |
a heavy equipment support stand is provided have a piston therein for air pressure assisted raising and lowering of the support and having an insert support pin guide connected to the stand to direct the movement of a support pin into and out of the stand . | 5 |
the invention relates to a display device including a luminous element and a light guide which has coupling locations and decoupling locations and transports a light signal that is emitted by the luminous element . the inventive luminous element has a radiation characteristic , the solid angle of which can be controlled . | 1 |
a metal cabinet includes a side wall and a support member extending from the side wall . the support member includes a first leg extending at least substantially normal to the side wall and the second leg extending from the first leg spaced from and at least substantially parallel to the side wall . the second leg includes a protrusion to provide a friction fit between a selectively removable shelf and the support member . | 0 |
according to an illustrative example , a gas spring is provided within a base tube of a chair column . the piston rod of the gas spring is axially supported on a bottom of the base tube . the cylinder of the gas spring is axially and rotatably guided within a guide at the upper end of the base tube . the guide comprises a main sleeve body and a guiding sleeve body inserted into a central passage of the main sleeve body . these sleeves are provided on their surfaces facing each other with at least one projection , and / or at least one recess which engage each other in a snap fit . | 0 |
a solid or semisolid implant obtainable by providing a liquid composition comprising an aqueous solution of dextran with molecular weight of 1 . 0 - 100 kda and introducing the liquid composition into the body of a mammal , whereby the implant is formed in situ in the body of the mammal . a process for preparing a composition useful for biomedical application , comprising the steps of providing a liquid composition comprising an aqueous solution of dextran having a molecular weight of 1 - 100 kda ; and bringing the liquid composition to solidify ; whereby water is gradually eliminated from the liquid composition during the solidification . a biomedical article prepared from the composition . | 0 |
We investigate the non-adiabatic effect of time-dependent deformations in the Milky Way (MW) halo potential on stellar streams. Specifically, we consider the MW's response to the infall of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and how this impacts our ability to recover the spherically averaged MW mass profile from observation using stream actions. Previously, action clustering methods have only been applied to static or adiabatic MW systems to constrain the properties of the host system. We use a time-evolving MW--LMC simulation described by basis function expansions. We find that for streams with realistic observational uncertainties on shorter orbital periods and without close encounters with the LMC, e.g. GD-1, the radial action distribution is sufficiently clustered to locally recover the MW mass profile across the stream radial range within a 2 sigma confidence interval determined using a Fisher information approach. For streams with longer orbital periods and close encounters with the LMC, e.g. Orphan-Chenab (OC), the radial action distribution disperses as the MW halo has deformed non-adiabatically. Hence, for OC streams generated in potentials that include a MW halo with any deformations, action clustering methods will fail to recover the mass profile within a 2 sigma uncertainty. Finally, we investigate whether the clustering of stream energies can provide similar constraints. Surprisingly, we find for OC-like streams, the recovered spherically averaged mass profiles demonstrate less sensitivity to the time-dependent deformations in the potential. | 9 |
a special receptacle which mounts on a user &# 39 ; s wrist for holding and displaying visual aids as used by ice skaters . | 0 |
We present the Planck Sky Model (PSM), a parametric model for generating all-sky, few arcminute resolution maps of sky emission at submillimetre to centimetre wavelengths, in both intensity and polarisation. Several options are implemented to model the cosmic microwave background, Galactic diffuse emission (synchrotron, free-free, thermal and spinning dust, CO lines), Galactic H ii regions, extragalactic radio sources, dusty galaxies, and thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich signals from clusters of galaxies. Each component is simulated by means of educated interpolations/extrapolations of data sets available at the time of the launch of the Planck mission, complemented by state-of-the-art models of the emission. Distinctive features of the simulations are spatially varying spectral properties of synchrotron and dust; different spectral parameters for each point source; modelling of the clustering properties of extragalactic sources and of the power spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic infrared background. The PSM enables the production of random realisations of the sky emission, constrained to match observational data within their uncertainties. It is implemented in a software package that is regularly updated with incoming information from observations. The model is expected to serve as a useful tool for optimising planned microwave and sub-millimetre surveys and testing data processing and analysis pipelines. It is, in particular, used to develop and validate data analysis pipelines within the Planck collaboration. A version of the software that can be used for simulating the observations for a variety of experiments is made available on a dedicated website. | 9 |
The cooling envelope model for tidal disruption events (TDEs) postulates that while the stellar debris streams rapidly dissipate their bulk kinetic energy ("circularize"), this does not necessarily imply rapid feeding of the supermassive black hole (SMBH). The bound material instead forms a large pressure-supported envelope that powers optical/UV emission as it undergoes gradual Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction. We present results interpreting a sample of 15 optical TDEs within the cooling envelope model in order to constrain the SMBH mass M <SUB>BH</SUB>, stellar mass M <SUB>⋆</SUB>, and orbital penetration factor β. The distributions of inferred properties from our sample broadly follow the theoretical expectations of loss-cone analysis assuming a standard stellar initial mass function. However, we find a deficit of events with M <SUB>BH</SUB> ≲ 5 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> and M <SUB>⋆</SUB> ≲ 0.5 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>, which could result in part from the reduced detectability of TDEs with these properties. Our model fits also illustrate the predicted long delay between the optical light-curve peak and when the SMBH accretion rate reaches its maximum. The latter occurs only once the envelope contracts to the circularization radius on a timescale of months to years, consistent with delayed-rising X-ray and nonthermal radio flares seen in a growing number of TDEs. | 9 |
the invention relates to antigenic polypeptides expressed by pathogenic microbes , vaccines comprising said polypeptides ; therapeutic antibodies directed to said polypeptides and methods to manufacture said polypeptides , vaccines and antibodies . | 0 |
the present invention concerns methods and apparatus for implementing a multi - user advance reservation system where reservations are specified in terms of flexible constraints , inflexible constraints and business values . the specification of reservations in this manner allows an entity managing the reservation system to arbitrate among reservations received from a user population with a view toward maximizing business value across the user population . in methods and apparatus of the present invention , penalties and rewards associated with various reservation outcomes can be specified in reservations to assist in business value maximization . in an example , a reservation having a low business value may be declined when there is a significant possibility that a reservation having a high business would be submitted during the pendency of service delivery to the user issuing the reservation with a low business value . | 6 |
an apparatus for coating surfaces consists of a basin , open to the atmosphere , divided into two channels by a wall running perpendicular to the coating direction . liquid is supplied to the primary channel , the channel farther from the curtain . a continuous , adjustable gap between the dividing wall and the bottom of the basin offers resistance to flow but passes the coating composition from the primary to the secondary channel . the secondary channel has an edge that is horizontal and relatively low so that the coating composition overflows it to form a free - falling curtain . the dividing wall , by providing flow resistance , assists in distributing the supplied coating composition along the length of the primary channel , and reduces any flow disturbances caused by the entering coating composition . the secondary channel promotes additional evening of the flow distribution before the curtain forms . | 8 |
Major runtime optimisation release: Optimisation of runtime by implementing numba Added SLSQP and Newton optimisation for finding surface temperature New ground heat flux calculation (does not depend on layer heights any more) Layer ice fraction added to the restart file Snow properties timestamp since last snowfall now to obtain correct albedo values after restart (before it was relative to selected start point) t Added minimum_snowfall to constants (minimum snowfall per timestep) and separate it from minimum_snow_layer_height (which is used within the adaptive regridding) Initial top temperature of snowpack depends on air temperature of first-time step now (before it was a constant) Change names of initial density constants Better constrained initial density and temperature profiles Heat equation has been vectorized (runtime optimisation) README and requirements.txt updated yaml log has been deleted | 9 |
the present invention provides an apparatus for efficient communication of messages such as voice messages in a telephone answering system . the apparatus includes an input to receive an incoming call , a recorder for recording outgoing messages , a memory to store incoming and outgoing messages , a comparator for comparing caller information to a client list , a player for playing a particular outgoing message to a calling party if the caller information matches a specific client in the client list , and a menu for identifying members of the client list and to identify locations in the memory for each of the members . the particular outgoing message includes a question previously posed by the specific client and a response to the question . | 7 |
renewable energy systems extracting energy from natural water flow or wind . the energy systems are configurations of long - stroke open - channel reciprocating engines employing one or two flow engaging elements such as drogue chutes for water flow or airfoils for wind applications tethered to a power drum and useful to generate electricity or to pump water as from wells . a wind energy system using two buoyant airfoils emblazoned with advertising messages is suitable for urban deployment generating electric power and also supporting an advertising revenue stream . | 5 |
Analytical models of galaxy-halo connection such as the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model have been widely used over the past decades as a means to intensively test perturbative models on quasi-linear scales. However, these models fail to reproduce the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal on non-linear scales, over-predicting the observed signal up to 40%. With ongoing Stage-IV galaxy surveys such as DESI and EUCLID, it is now crucial to accurately model the galaxy-halo connection up to intra-halo scales to accurately estimate theoretical uncertainties of perturbative models. This paper compares the standard HOD model to an extended HOD framework that incorporates as additional features galaxy assembly bias and local environmental dependencies on halo occupation. These models have been calibrated against the observed clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing signal of eBOSS Luminous Red Galaxies (LRG) and Emission Lines Galaxies (ELG) in the range 0.6 < z < 1.1. A combined clustering-lensing cosmological analysis is then performed on the simulated galaxy samples of both standard and extended HOD frameworks to quantify the systematic budget of perturbative models. The extended HOD model offers a more comprehensive understanding of the connection between galaxies and their surroundings. In particular, we found that the LRGs preferentially occupy denser and more anisotropic environments. Our results highlight the importance of considering environmental factors in galaxy formation models, with an extended HOD framework that reproduces the observed signal within 20% on scales below 10 Mpc/h. Our cosmological analysis reveals that our perturbative model yields similar constraints regardless of the galaxy population, with a better goodness of fit for the extended HOD. These results suggest that the extended HOD framework should be used to quantify modeling systematics. | 9 |
a terminal equipment is connected in a first optical network and connected , via a conductive path , to a predetermined one of a plurality of communication devices connected in a second optical network . the above terminal equipment includes an optical transmitter / receiver unit , a controller for controlling the above predetermined one of the communication devices in order to monitor the communication devices connected in the second optical network , and a selector unit . this selector unit transfers , via a control path coupled to the predetermined one of the communication devices , a poling signal from the first optical network to a specified one of the communication devices addressed by the poling signal , and sends back , to the first optical network , control data which shows a status of the specified one of the communication devices connected in the second optical network and which is received , via the control path , from the specified one of the communication devices . | 7 |
a spectrum detection method , system and base station are provided , which relate to the field of communications technology , and improve the spectrum utilization in a cellular multi - hop network . the spectrum detection method includes : receiving an intermediate spectrum detection result sent by each node ; and integrating the intermediate spectrum detection results to obtain a final spectrum detection result . the spectrum detection method , system , and base station are mainly applied to cellular multi - hop networks . | 7 |
- n , n - dimethyl - 3 -- 3 - propanamine fumarate and polymorphs of dnt - fumarate , compositions of dnt - fumarate and its polymorphs , processes for the preparation of dnt - fumarate and its polymorphs , and processes for the preparation of duloxetine hydrochloride from dnt - fumarate are provided . | 2 |
this invention relates to an improvement in a process for hydrogenating a nitroaromatic composition namely dinitrotoluene by contacting the dinitrotoluene with hydrogen in a reactor employing a monolith catalyst system . broadly the improvement resides in the continuous , essentially solventless , adiabatic hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene to toluenediamine in a plug flow reactor system incorporating the monolith catalyst . the process generally comprises the steps : introducing a feedstock comprised of dinitrotoluene and reaction product components continuously into the reactor and said feedstock having less that 30 % by weight of a solvent , carrying out the hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene to toluenediamine under adiabatic conditions ; and , continuously removing hydrogenated reaction product from the reactor . | 1 |
an inductive write element is disclosed for use in a magnetic data recording system . the write element provides increased data rate and data density capabilities through improved magnetic flux flow through the element . the write element includes a magnetic yoke constructed of first and second magnetic poles . the first pole includes a pedestal constructed of a high magnetic moment material , which is preferably ferhn nanocrystalline films with lamination layers of cozrcr . the second pole includes a thin inner layer of high b sat material , the remainder being constructed of a magnetic material capable of being electroplated , such as a ni — fe alloy . an electrically conductive coil passes through the yoke between the first and second poles to induce a magnetic flux in the yoke when an electrical current is caused to flow through the coil . magnetic flux in the yoke produces a fringing field at a write gap whereby a signal can be imparted onto a magnetic medium passing thereby . | 8 |
high luminance display devices , typically utilized in applications requiring sunlight readability , require unique design methodologies as the thickness approaches a maximum of one - inch . the present invention relates to a high - intensity light generation engine and associated light transmission apparatus for transmitting the light generated by the engine to a remote location . the invention is especially applicable for use in constructing a back lighted display , such as a liquid crystal display , of minimal thickness , i . e ., one - inch or less . a display of minimal thickness is achieved by separating a light source and other peripherals from the display device , using a remote enclosure . such a display is most suited for use in high ambient lighting conditions where space is at a premium , such as in the cockpit of an aircraft . | 8 |
the invention comprises an ashless additive of the formula : ## str1 ## in which z is oxygen or nitrogen . r is alkyl or alkenyl of more than 40 carbon atoms , inclusive , r &# 39 ; is -- 2 when z is nitrogen or m h when z is oxygen , r &# 34 ; is -- r &# 34 ;&# 39 ; nh or -- m h or mixtures thereof , r &# 34 ;&# 39 ; is an alkylene group of 2 - 3 carbon atoms , m is 5 to 20 ; or the corresponding boric acid esters ; or the corresponding boric acid ester of the reaction product of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and a n , n , n &# 39 ;- tris alkylalkylenediamine ; for use in lubricating oils , to methods for preparing the additives , and to lubricating compositions containing the additives . | 2 |
This version includes code to reproduce analyses and figures in Howerton et al. (2023). | 9 |
a technique is provided for a direct data transfer session , including for multimedia content , between mobile devices without the need for using a separate multimedia server to store multimedia content . direct data transfer sessions between mobile devices are established by transmitting necessary address information through page - based messaging services that utilize the underlying digital mobile network databases and services to resolve the identification and location of the mobile devices . | 7 |
a method of reducing the appearance of speckle resulting from a coherent light beam , includes the steps of : providing an electro - optic device having , an electro - optic substrate , an electrode array arranged on the surface of the electro - optic substrate , at least one electrode located on the opposite surface of the electro - optic substrate , and means for applying voltage to the electrodes to generate a variation in a refractive index profile within the substrate ; and directing the light beam through the electro - optic device while applying voltage to the device , whereby the temporal and spatial phase of a light beam passing through the substrate is altered , thereby reducing the appearance of speckle . | 6 |
The wide applications of higher dimensional gravity and gauge/gravity duality have fuelled the search for new stationary solutions of the Einstein equation (possibly coupled to matter). In this topical review, we explain the mathematical foundations and give a practical guide for the numerical solution of gravitational boundary value problems. We present these methods by way of example: resolving asymptotically flat black rings, singly spinning lumpy black holes in anti-de Sitter (AdS), and the Gregory-Laflamme zero modes of small rotating black holes in AdS{}<SUB>5</SUB>× {S}<SUP>5</SUP>. We also include several tools and tricks that have been useful throughout the literature. | 9 |
Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale expulsions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun into the heliosphere and are the most important driver of space weather. The geo-effectiveness of a CME is primarily determined by its magnetic field strength and topology. The evolution of CMEs while propagating through the corona and the heliosphere complicates the prediction/extrapolation of the vector magnetic field of the CMEs near the Earth based essentially on photospheric measurements. Hence, the measurement of CME magnetic fields, both in the corona and heliosphere, is essential for improving space weather forecasting. Although CMEs are routinely observed by white-light coronagraphs, these observations cannot provide a direct measure of the CME-entrained vector magnetic fields. Observations at radio wavelengths, however, can provide several remote measurement tools for estimating both strength and topology of the CME magnetic fields. Among them, gyrosynchrotron (GS) emission produced by mildly-relativistic electrons trapped in CME magnetic fields is one of the promis- ing methods to estimate magnetic field strength and other plasma parameters of CMEs at lower and middle coronal heights. However, GS emissions from some parts of the CME are much fainter than the quiet Sun emission and require high dynamic range (DR) imaging for their detection. This thesis presents a state- of-the-art calibration and imaging algorithm capable of routinely producing high DR spectropolarimetric snapshot solar radio images using data from a new technology radio telescope, the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). This allows us to detect much fainter GS emissions from CME plasma at much higher coronal heights than before. For the first time, robust circular polarization measurements have been jointly used with total intensity measurements to constrain the GS model parameters, which has significantly improved the robustness of the estimated GS model parameters. A piece of observational evidence is also found that the routinely used homogeneous and isotropic GS models may not always be sufficient to model the observations. In the future, with more sensitive measurements from the upcoming new generation telescopes and physics-based forward models, it should be possible to relax some of these assumptions and make this method more robust for estimating CME plasma parameters at coronal heights. | 9 |
an image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member carrying an image corresponding to image information ; an image transfer device for transferring the image on the image bearing member onto a transfer material at a transfer position , wherein the transfer device includes a charging member contactable to a back side of the transfer material and voltage application means for applying a voltage to the charging member , wherein the voltage applying device effects a constant voltage control to the charging member when an image region of the image bearing member is at the transfer position , and effects a constant current control to the charging member at least a part of the other duration , and wherein a voltage level of the constant voltage control is determined on the basis of a voltage across the transfer device during the constant current control ; wherein voltage applied to the charging member by the voltage applying device or a current through the charging member by the voltage applying device is limited . | 6 |
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