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a method and apparatus for multiple - input multiple - output signal decoding using complex lattice reduction in a multiple antenna system is provided . the method provides mimo signal decoding with increased operating speed using a transformation of reducing the lattice basis directly to a complex channel matrix that has a smaller size in comparison with a conventional matrix , which decreases the computational complexity of the lr transformation , as well as using a procedure of permutating columns of the channel matrix only twice without binding to the procedure of reducing off - diagonal elements of the matrix r , namely prior and after the procedure of reducing . moreover , the new method for mimo signal decoding has its output soft decisions . | 7 |
a method of securing an elastic band between two material layers which are at least partially defined by meltable material includes forming perforations in the elastic band , placing the elastic band between two material layers , and bonding the material layers to one another through the perforations by heat fusion , wherein the perforations in the elastic band are formed at the same time as the material layers are fused together . an elastic band secured between two material layers for inclusion in articles of one - time use includes the use of material layers that are at least partially defined by meltable material and an elastic band having perforations formed therein . the material layers are positioned on opposite sides of the elastic band and are joined together by heat fusion in a punctiform and / or linear bonding pattern . | 8 |
this invention relates to compounds of the formula : or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , wherein : a , r 1 , r 2 , r 3 , r 4 and r 5 are each as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt , and compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds in the treatment of a condition mediated by 5 - ht 4 agonistic activity such as , but not limited to , as gastroesophageal reflux disease , gastrointestinal disease , gastric motility disorder , non - ulcer dyspepsia , functional dyspepsia , irritable bowel syndrome , constipation , dyspepsia , esophagitis , gastroesophageal disease , nausea , central nervous system disease , alzheimer &# 39 ; s disease , cognitive disorder , emesis , migraine , neurological disease , pain , cardiovascular disorders , cardiac failure , heart arrhythmia , diabetes or apnea syndrome . | 2 |
a pet bed assembly for supporting a pet above a user &# 39 ; s bed thereby preventing the pet from disturbing the user when sleeping includes a clamp that may releasably engage a footboard and extend above the footboard . a platform is coupled to the clamp . the platform extends over the bed when the clamp is coupled to the footboard . the platform may support the pet . | 0 |
a system and method is disclosed for removing dissolved organic impurities , such as gasoline or other hydrocarbons , from groundwater . the contaminated water is fed into a stripper column , operated under a deep vacuum , to enable the water to enter the column at its boiling point . steam , as a vaporizing gas , strips the impurities out of the water and the overhead vapor phase is compressed to boost it to a higher pressure , so it can be condensed to vaporize part of the bottoms stream from the column . since the bottoms stream is mostly water , the vapor generated is the steam used to strip impurities from the water . | 8 |
an apparatus and method for photodynamic therapy or photodynamic diagnosis using an illuminator comprising a plurality of light sources generally conforming to a contoured surface and irradiating the contoured surface with substantially uniform intensity visible light . the light sources may comprise generally u - shaped fluorescent tubes that are driven by electronic ballasts . the spacing of the u - shaped tubes is varied to increase the output at the edges of the illuminator to make the output more uniform . also , different portions of the tubes are cooled at different amounts , to improve uniformity . a light sensor monitors output from the u - shaped tubes to provide a signal for adjusting the output from the tubes . | 0 |
a screw jack , for raising the power piston of a diesel engine &# 39 ; s control governor until the power piston firmly clamps the gap gage , is provided to maintain the piston in its full load position during the adjustment of the engine fuel pump racks to match the governor piston gage , this adjustment being done when the diesel engine is shut down and the start contactors blocked open or insulated . the screw jack contains a break joint which , in its fully operative clamping position , can be rendered instantly inoperative simply by breaking the joint of the jack manually , a result effected by a single karate - like sweep of the hand . | 5 |
a dispenser sequentially dispenses a plurality of containers . the dispenser includes a housing having a front , a rear , a top , a bottom , a first side and a second side , with an inlet and an outlet for the containers being disposed on its front . a passage is disposed within the housing and guides the containers from the inlet to the outlet . a receiving door is connected to the housing and is movable between a closed position covering the inlet and an open position allowing the containers to be inserted into the inlet . the receiving door includes a front face contoured to cooperate with the passage to guide the containers to a predetermined orientation upon insertion into the inlet . the passage is also canted toward one side of the housing to maintain the containers in the predetermined orientation . | 0 |
the invention disclosed herein provides tunable process for the preparation of water dispersive , biocompatible , fluorescent l - cystine labeled gold quantum clusters without using any toxic reactants . further the invention discloses application of synthesized fluorescent gold quantum clusters in the field of nano - medicine , fluorescence imaging and florescence based sensors . | 1 |
a device for shaping at least one thread - like material , which is formed in a forming unit and is deposited on a transporting device for the subsequent thermosetting process , wherein a retaining means and a drivable , curved depositing tube are arranged one after the other in the thread transporting direction . | 3 |
a method and system for maintaining computer security including providing a signature file ; receiving an incoming message from at least one client computer ; comparing the received incoming message with the signature file to determine whether the incoming message is malicious ; and blocking the incoming messages determined to be malicious from reaching a web server . | 6 |
vectorized likelihood calculations and basis conversions for ~20% performance enhancement added tutorial for creating custom likelihoods and performing a joint RV+light curve fit | 9 |
a system includes first circuitry in a first computing device configured to issue a credential , second circuitry in a second computing device configured to perform an operation corresponding to content at a third computing device based on the credential , third circuitry in the third computing device configured to receive a request to perform the operation corresponding to the content from the second computing device , and fourth circuitry in a fourth computing device configured to monitor communication between the first computing device , the second computing device and the third computing device . | 7 |
a method for aggregating or combining signaling messages for the adaptation of resource reservations required for route modifications is provided . according to the method , a modification of an inter - domain route requiring an adaptation of resource reservations is disclosed to a first routing domain . the first routing domain communicates the modification of the inter - domain route to at least a second and a third routing domain . resource reservations adapted according to the route modification are then disclosed by the second and the third routing domains to the first routing domain and are combined in order to be transferred to a fourth routing domain . according to one form of embodiment , a timer is used to define the period of time for combining reservation messages , in order to be able to transfer modified reservations in a more efficient manner . | 7 |
this application is directed to methods of assessing polymer deposition on dental surfaces using near infrared spectroscopy , providing a rapid and efficient method to screen for and identify optimal polymers for use in oral care formulations , near infra red absorption of a dental substrate is measured in the absence of a polymer under test , and subsequently of the test sample comprising the dental substrate contacted with the test polymer . after washing or rinsing the test sample near ir of it is determined again . the ir absorption of the test polymer itself is also measured . through the comparison of the three measurements , , and the degree of deposition and retention of the test polymer on the test sample is determined . | 6 |
an oral - care device with a power cleaning head is disclosed . the power cleaning head comprises squeegee wiping elements or squeegee wiping elements and bristles . the power cleaning head is configured to rotate , oscillate , vibrate or otherwise move while cleaning teeth and gums . | 0 |
a light emitting device is disclosed including a primary light source having a defined emission photon energy output , and , a light emitting material situated near to said primary light source , said light emitting material having an absorption onset equal to or less in photon energy than the emission photon energy output of the primary light source whereby non - radiative energy transfer from said primary light source to said light emitting material can occur yielding light emission from said light emitting material . | 1 |
a half bridge power converter which employs a gapped transformer which permits stable asymmetrical operation without the use of a separate choke arranged in parallel with the primary of the transformer . the half bridge power convert may include a small capacitor on its secondary side to cause a high ripple of the output current thereby permitting stable asymmetrical operation with smaller magnetizing currents . | 8 |
a spring - type embroidery hoop or knitting ring includes a plastic annular member with an interiorly - grooved surface , a spring - loaded member that fits securely with the free ends of said spring - loaded member projecting radially outwardly , and a locking member that restrains the free ends of the spring - loaded member from separating from one another more than a fixed spacing distance . a squeezing manipulation of the free ends causes them to be spaced from each other a distance less than the fixed spacing distance , while concomitantly reducing the circumferential dimension of the inner ring , so that the inner ring may be moved in or out of the groove in the outer ring in a controlled manner . | 3 |
We present a detailed study of the X-ray emission from PSR B1055–52 using XMM-Newton observations from 2019 and 2000. The phase-integrated X-ray emission from this pulsar is poorly described by existing models of neutron star atmospheres. Instead, we confirm that, similar to other middle-aged pulsars, the best-fitting spectral model consists of two blackbody components, with substantially different temperatures and emitting areas, and a nonthermal component characterized by a power law. Our phase-resolved X-ray spectral analysis using this three-component model reveals variations in the thermal emission parameters with the pulsar's rotational phase. These variations suggest a nonuniform temperature distribution across the neutron star's surface, including the cold thermal component and probable hot spot(s). Such a temperature distribution can be caused by external and internal heating processes, likely a combination thereof. We observe very high pulse fractions, 60%–80% in the 0.7–1.5 keV range, dominated by the hot blackbody component. This could be related to temperature nonuniformity and potential beaming effects in an atmosphere. We find indication of a second hot spot that appears at lower energies (0.15–0.3 keV) than the first hot spot (0.5–1.5 keV) in the X-ray light curves and is offset by about half a rotation period. This finding aligns with the nearly orthogonal rotator geometry suggested by radio observations of this interpulse pulsar. If the hot spots are associated with polar caps, a possible explanation for their temperature asymmetry could be an offset magnetic dipole and/or an additional toroidal magnetic field component in the neutron star crust. | 9 |
a harvester for plants and weeds , particularly aquatic plants , pulls the plants by winding them onto a rotating , endless cable . tension in the cable is controlled , and an operative portion of the cable is positionable for varying its height and angle to the horizontal . the harvester is mountable on a boat having an adjustable freeboard and multiple , individually driven , retractable paddle wheels provide maximum maneuverability during use and compactness during transport . | 1 |
a utensil used for removing pits from cherries and similar fruits . a clawed and tunneled utensil used to cleanly remove pits from the bottom of cherries or other similar fruits with a single one - sided hole keeping the stem and fruit intact . | 0 |
a method for producing a metal - containing transparent polymer by the reaction of a metal carboxylate , with a clear setting resin system comprising a thermosetting resin and a curing agent . the reaction occurs in a temperature in the range of from about 0 ° to about 100 ° c . under conditions which prevent air from being entrapped in the mixture , either during mixing of the reagents or during reaction . the metal carboxylate contains from about 20 to about 60 weight percent of metal . the reagents react for a time sufficient to form a transparent polymer . the resins include preferably epoxies , polyesters , polyurethane , polyisocyanurate , polyether sulfones , polyimides , and mixtures of two or more of these thermoset polymers . the final metal - containing transparent polymer preferably contains at least 15 % by weight of the metal . preferred metals include antimony , barium , bismuth , cadmium , cerium , cobalt , copper , iron , lead , molybdenum , tungsten , ranadium , and zirconium . | 2 |
a circuit for maintaining the order of transmission of information in a computer interconnect including control circuitry for sending a signal from a source of data to a destination for data indicating that data is ready for transfer , the control circuitry comprising a plurality of buffers for storing information relating to the data , the information including information regarding the order in which the information was received by the control circuitry , means for incrementing the information regarding the order in which the information was received by the control circuitry , and apparatus for sending the information relating to the data to the destination for data in the order of receipt by the control circuitry . | 7 |
in an icd , a highly efficient biphasic defibrillation pulse is generated by switching at least two charged capacitors from a parallel connection to various combinations of a parallel / series connection or a series connection during the first phase of the defibrillation pulse . such mid - stream parallel / series connection changes of the capacitors and steps up the voltage applied to the cardiac tissue during the first phase . a stepped - up voltage during the first phase , in turn , gives an extra boost to , and thereby forces additional charge into , the cardiac tissue cells , and thereby transfers more charge to the membrane of the excitable cardiac cell than if the capacitors were continuously discharged in series . phase reversal is timed with the cell membrane reaching its maximum value at the end of the first phase . | 0 |
Context. About 25% -- 50% of white dwarfs are found to be contaminated by heavy elements, which are believed to originate from external sources such as planetary materials. Elemental abundances suggest that most of the pollutants are rocky objects and only a small fraction of white dwarfs bear traces of volatile accretion. Aims. In order to account for the scarcity of volatile pollution, we investigate the role of the white dwarfs' magnetospheres in shielding the volatile content of icy objects. Methods. We estimated the volatile sublimation of inward-drifting exocomets. We assume the orbits of the exocomets are circularized by the Alfven wing drag that is effective for long-period comets. Results. Volatile material can sublimate outside the corotation radius and be shielded by the magnetic field. {The two conditions for this volatile-shielded mechanism are that the magnetosphere radius must be larger than the corotation radius and that the volatiles are depleted outside the corotation radius, which requires a sufficiently slow orbital circularization process.} We applied our model to nine white dwarfs with known rotational periods, magnetic fields, and atmosphere compositions. Our volatile-shielded model may explain the excess of volatile elements such as C and S in the disk relative to the white dwarf atmosphere in WD2326+049 (G29-38). Nevertheless, given the sensitivity of our model to the circularization process and material properties of icy objects, there remains considerable uncertainty in our results. Conclusions. Our work suggests a possible explanation for the scarcity of volatile-accretion signatures among white dwarfs. We also identify a correlation between the magnetic field strength, the spin period, and the composition of pollutants in white dwarf atmospheres. | 9 |
Radar observations indicate that about 16% of near-Earth asteroids may be binary systems with likely fast-spinning spheroidal primaries [1]. The formation mechanism of such systems remains uncertain, although it may be linked to rotation-driven structural reconfiguration if these asteroids are rubble piles [2]. On 26 September, 2022, the NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission successfully demonstrated the use of kinetic impact for planetary defense by colliding with Dimorphos, the moon of the Didymos binary system [3], altering its orbit around the primary Didymos [4, 5]. The DRACO camera onboard the DART spacecraft has provided the first close-up images of the asteroids [3], revealing their physical characteristics that offer valuable insight into the formation and evolution of such binary systems. In this study, assuming that the primary Didymos is a rubble pile, we employ soft-sphere discrete element modeling to investigate the structural and rotational evolution of Didymos, which allows us to constrain the binary formation scenario. First, by simulating the structural evolution of Didymos given YORP-induced rotational acceleration as a spin-up mechanism, we derived a range of material and structural properties necessary for maintaining its structural stability at the current spin period of 2.26 hr. Our results indicate that Didymos does not require cohesive strength if its constituent granular material has an angle of friction ≥ ~40 deg and its bulk density is ≥ ~2.7 g/cc. Considering a typical friction angle range of dry granular material, e.g., 29–40 deg, a cohesive strength of ~19–33 Pa would be needed for the reported nominal bulk density, i.e., 2.4 g/cc [3]. Then, we tested the structural and dynamical evolution of the derived Didymos models under various conditions, including rotational acceleration and small-scale impact bombardment. Our findings suggest that moon formation via surface mass shedding is more plausible when the body has a relatively high friction angle or a denser interior. Finally, we characterized the morphology and dynamics of the Didymos model and resulting particle systems (if produced) and compared our findings with the geophysical characteristics revealed by the DRACO images. Based on these results, we discuss the possible formation mechanisms for Dimorphos along with the implications for the upcoming Hera mission.References: [1] Margot et al., Science 296, 1445–1448 (2002). [2] Walsh & Jacobson, in Asteroids IV (2015). [3] Daly et al., Nature, in press (2023). [4] Thomas et al., Nature, in press (2023). [5] Cheng et al., Nature, in press (2023). | 9 |
a fluid treatment system for treating feed water includes a first tubular member having first and second ends , at least one second tubular member having first and second ends , a pump positioned within the first tubular member , a filtering membrane positioned within the second tubular member , a first end cap for receiving the first ends of the first and second tubular members , and a second end cap for receiving the second ends of the first and second tubular members . | 2 |
a portable ski and / or snowboard edge sharpener and method . the edge sharpener includes an abrasive grinding wheel , a belt driven drive train that connects the electric motor and the grinding wheel drive mechanism and decreases the grinding wheel &# 39 ; s speed of rotation relative to the rotational speed of the motor , a grinding wheel mount allowing the operator to select and use grinding wheels of different grits and materials and grinding wheel control mechanisms allowing the operator to control the cut depth and the grinding wheel angles relative to the longitudinal and transverse planes of the ski edge surface to be sharpened . this configuration allows the operator to repeatedly sharpen a ski edge at a specific and chosen angle with a specific and chosen surface finish . other features include , position lockdown devices being part of each of the control mechanisms and a vacuum system to capture residue from the grinding operation . | 1 |
The Pan-STARRS data-processing system is responsible for the steps needed to downloaded, archive, and process all images obtained by the Pan-STARRS telescopes, including real-time detection of transient sources such as supernovae and moving objects including potentially hazardous asteroids. With a nightly data volume of up to 4 TB and an archive of over 4 PB of raw imagery, Pan-STARRS is solidly in the realm of Big Data astronomy. The full data-processing system consists of several subsystems covering the wide range of necessary capabilities. This article describes the Image Processing Pipeline and its connections to both the summit data systems and the outward-facing systems downstream. The latter include the Moving Object Processing System (MOPS) and the public database: the Published Science Products Subsystem. | 9 |
Early in the reionization process, the intergalactic medium (IGM) would have been quite inhomogeneous on small scales, due to the low Jeans mass in the neutral IGM and the hierarchical growth of structure in a cold dark matter universe. This small-scale structure acted as an important sink during the epoch of reionization, impeding the progress of the ionization fronts that swept out from the first sources of ionizing radiation. Here we present results of high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamics simulations that resolve the cosmological Jeans mass of the neutral IGM in representative volumes several Mpc across. The adiabatic hydrodynamics we follow are appropriate in an unheated IGM, before the gas has had a chance to respond to the photoionization heating. Our focus is determination of the resolution required in cosmological simulations in order to sufficiently sample and resolve small-scale structure regulating the opacity of an unheated IGM. We find that a dark matter particle mass of m <SUB>dm</SUB> <~ 50 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> and box size of L >~ 1 Mpc are required. With our converged results we show how the mean free path of ionizing radiation and clumping factor of ionized hydrogen depend on the ultraviolet background flux and redshift. We find, for example at z = 10, clumping factors typically of 10-20 for an ionization rate of Γ ~ (0.3-3) × 10<SUP>-12</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>, with corresponding mean free paths of ~3-15 Mpc, extending previous work on the evolving mean free path to considerably smaller scales and earlier times. | 9 |
a method of purifying 1α - hydroxy - 20 - methyl - 2 - methylene - 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 - pentanorvitamin d 3 to obtain 1α - hydroxy - 20 - methyl - 2 - methylene - 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 - pentanorvitamin d 3 in crystalline form . the method includes the steps of preparing a solvent of either ethyl formate or a mixture of ethyl formate and hexane , dissolving a product containing 1α - hydroxy - 20 - methyl - 2 - methylene - 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 - pentanorvitamin d 3 to be purified in the solvent , cooling the solvent and dissolved product below ambient temperature for a sufficient amount of time to form a precipitate of 1α - hydroxy - 20 - methyl - 2 - methylene - 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 - pentanorvitamin d 3 crystals , and recovering the 1α - hydroxy - 20 - methyl - 2 - methylene - 19 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 - pentanorvitamin d 3 crystals . | 2 |
disclosed is a garbage collection algorithm that achieves hierarchical copy order with parallel garbage collection threads . more specifically , the present invention provides a garbage collection method and system for copying objects from a from - space to a to - space . the method comprises the steps of having multiple threads that simultaneously perform work for garbage collection , examining the placement of objects on blocks , and changing the placement of objects on blocks based on step . preferably , the method includes the additional step of calculating a placement of object based on step , and using the result of the calculation for step . for example , the calculation may be used to increase the frequency of intra - block pointers and / or to increase the frequency of siblings on the same block . | 6 |
a method for automatically scheduling phone calls , including dynamically assigning priorities to each of a plurality of a user &# 39 ; s contacts , selecting one of the plurality of the user &# 39 ; s contacts based on highest priority , wherein random selection is used in case more than one contact has the highest priority , placing a phone call to the selected contact , and updating the priority of the selected contact , if the placing a phone call successfully reaches the selected contact . a telephone and a computer - readable storage medium are also described and claimed . | 7 |
a planar surfaced electrical musical instrument is provided which is configured to support both feet of a user standing upon it during use . supported by the device , the standing user may generate sound , such as drums , through a contact of one or both feet with the planar upper surface which is in operative contact with electronic signal generating components which generate an electronic signal correlating to vibrations emanating from the contact point of the user &# 39 ; s foot with the planar surface . | 6 |
it relates to a grill intended for grilling meat and other products , and for making paellas and any other dishes , essentially used for large gastronomic events . it is characterized in that it comprises in principle a lower base with legs and an upper grating which bears the different foods to cook , in such a way that the upper grating is attached to the base via means that permit the height of said grating to be regulated at any time in order to obtain greater or lesser heat for the products being cooked . | 0 |
a method of optically inspecting a fastener to determine whether it meets two or more dimensional parameters is provided . the method includes using centrifugal force to place the fastener in a predetermined location . two or more sets of image data of the fastener are generated from two or more corresponding different angles . fastener pass / fail data is generated using a dimensional requirement associated with each set of image data . | 8 |
the following steps are carried out : forming a gate electrode on a semiconductor substrate with a gate insulating film interposed therebetween , forming a dummy gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate with a dummy gate insulating film interposed therebeweeen and forming another dummy gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate with an insulating film for isolation interposed therebetween ; forming a metal film on the semiconductor while exposing the gate electrode and covering the dummy gate electrodes ; and subjecting the semiconductor substrate to heat treatment and thus siliciding at least an upper part of the gate electrode . since the gate electrode is silicided and the dummy gate electrodes are non - silicided , this restrains a short circuit from being caused between the gate electrode and adjacent one of the dummy gate electrodes . | 7 |
the invention relates to a method and system to arrange multicasting in a communication system that comprises a first source and receiver connected to the source by the ssm protocol . in the method according to the invention , the first source sends a message on the activity of the source to the receiver . the invention enables discovering several sources on the ssm channel by using the source active message according to the msdp protocol . | 7 |
a method of treating or preventing age - related retinal dysfunction involves administering to a patient a pharmaceutically effective amount of a synthetic retinal derivative repeatedly over a duration of at least about 3 months . effective synthetic retinal derivatives include 9 - cis - retinyl esters , 11 - cis - retinyl esters , derivatives and congeners thereof , and combinations thereof . suitable ester substituents include carboxylates of c 1 - monocarboxylic acids and c 2 - c 22 polycarboxylic acids . | 0 |
the subject matter of the present invention is a vibrato device which can be used in most stringed musical instruments as an integral unit to effectively vary and return the instrument to pitch / in tune . the vibrato device can include a plurality of flush tension springs , a mounting plate and a pivoting element to change the tension of the strings and change tune accordingly . additionally , the combination of the mounting plate and pivoting bridge element can allow for easy interchangeable parts when desired and for strings to stay in pitch in the event one or more strings break . | 6 |
We present radiation-magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of star formation in self-gravitating, turbulent molecular clouds, modelling the formation of individual massive stars, including their UV radiation feedback. The set of simulations have cloud masses between m<SUB>gas</SUB> = 10<SUP>3</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and 3 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and gas densities typical of clouds in the local Universe (\overline{n}_gas ∼ 1.8× 10^2 cm<SUP>-3</SUP>) and 10× and 100× denser, expected to exist in high-redshift galaxies. The main results are as follows. (i) The observed Salpeter power-law slope and normalization of the stellar initial mass function at the high-mass end can be reproduced if we assume that each star-forming gas clump (sink particle) fragments into stars producing on average a maximum stellar mass about 40{{ per cent}} of the mass of the sink particle, while the remaining 60{{ per cent}} is distributed into smaller mass stars. Assuming that the sinks fragment according to a power-law mass function flatter than Salpeter, with log-slope 0.8, satisfy this empirical prescription. (ii) The star formation law that best describes our set of simulation is dρ _*/dt ∝ ρ _gas^{1.5} if \overline{n}_gas< n_cri≈ 10^3 cm<SUP>-3</SUP>, and dρ _*/dt ∝ ρ _gas^{2.5} otherwise. The duration of the star formation episode is roughly six cloud's sound crossing times (with c<SUB>s</SUB> = 10 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>). (iii) The total star formation efficiency in the cloud is f_*=2{{ per cent}} (m_gas/10^4 M_\odot)^{0.4}(1+\overline{n}_gas/n_cri)^{0.91}, for gas at solar metallicity, while for metallicity Z < 0.1 Z<SUB>⊙</SUB>, based on our limited sample, f<SUB>*</SUB> is reduced by a factor of ∼5. (iv) The most compact and massive clouds appear to form globular cluster progenitors, in the sense that star clusters remain gravitationally bound after the gas has been expelled. | 9 |
an access request prioritization and summary device for determining the current highest priority among n entities . the device includes a bitmap having n bit storage locations . each one of the n bit storage locations corresponds to one of the entities and is used to store a value which represents when the corresponding entity is available for prioritization . a plurality of combinational logic blocks are connected to the bitmap so that each one of the combinational logic blocks receives a preselected portion of the values stored in the n bit storage locations of the bitmap . each one of the combinational logic blocks has a token signal input and a token signal output . the token signal inputs and outputs are coupled together to form a series of token signal links between the combinational logic blocks . when certain preselected highest priority determination conditions occur within one of the combinational logic blocks , the combinational logic block generates a token signal which serves as the token signal to the respective succeeding combinational logic block . each combinational logic block is capable of receiving a token signal from the previous combinational logic block and is responsive to the input of a token signal to determine a current highest priority from the values which it received as input signals . | 6 |
the present invention is directed to a bale retrieving and transporting apparatus used in conjunction with a tractor . this apparatus includes both a lower and rear supporting structure to retrieve and support the bales . mounted to the rear supporting structure is a means for discharging the bale from the apparatus . | 0 |
a flexible connection arrangement is provided which is useful in a pressure control device for a braking system , for example , and a pressure control device utilizing the flexible arrangement is described . the flexible connection arrangement eliminates the need of an interrupting conductor , thereby reducing the number of components required in a pressure control device and reducing manufacturing cost , complexity and the size of the device . the connection arrangement includes a flexible , elastic arm which may be integrated with a bobbin of a coil , and a lead wire terminal which may be embedded in an elastic arm and extend therefrom to directly electrically connect with a control circuit board . the flexibility of the elastic arm allows relative movement between the coil and the control circuit board without damaging the electrical connections therebetween . | 7 |
an apparatus , system , and method for subjecting biomass to pyrolysis to extract energy products using a pyrolysis unit comprising generally concentric chambers including a combustion chamber and at least one pyrolysis chamber . each chamber is in communication with an adjacent chamber such that a directed , generally - deoxygenated heated gas stream passes through the combustion chamber to each of the pyrolysis chambers in turn . additionally , each pair of adjacent chambers shares a heat - conducting wall , further promoting heat transfer throughout the unit . a heat source , which can be a burn enclosure configured as part of the pyrolysis unit , produces the heated gas stream . biomass introduced into the pyrolysis unit is pyrolysized by the gas stream , resulting in exhaust containing non - condensing gases , bio - oil vapor , and entrained char . the exhaust is directed from the pyrolysis unit to other parts of the system where the bio - oil and char can be separated from the exhaust and collected . | 2 |
method for preparing cinacalcet hydrochloride having the steps of heating - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine and 3 - benzene wherein l is a halogen atom , methanesulfonate group , p - toluenesulfonate , or triflate , in an organic solvent in presence of an inorganic base , refluxing until 3 - benzene is completely consumed , obtaining a reaction mixture containing cinacalcet , and after treatment , obtaining cinacalcet hydrochloride having a formula of the post treatment separates - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine hydrochloride and cinacalcet hydrochloride by adjusting ph value , extraction , and other simple operations , and the - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine obtained is recycled for preparing the next batch of cinacalcet hydrochloride . | 2 |
an organosilicon compound represented by the general formula : ## str1 ## wherein rf represents a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoroalkyl ether group ; r 1 may be the same or different and each represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group ; r 2 represents an alkylene group ; r 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group ; and a is an integer of 1 to 4 , b is an integer of 1 to 3 and c is an integer of 0 to 3 , provided that a , b and c satisfy the relationship of 3 ≦ a + b + c ≦ 6 ; is provided . these organosilicon compounds are novel compounds useful as crosslinking agents for addition - curable silicone rubber compositions . | 2 |
a metallic frame for use in a fluorescent display panel having a cig structure and containing a driver ic chip in a vacuum chamber . the metallic frame includes a box - type metallic shield covering the ic chip , metallic external leads , and a deformable part coupled between the box - type metallic shield and the metallic external leads . the deformable part deforms more easily than the metallic shield and the leads upon receiving a tensile force . the deformable part is preferably formed at a bent section of the metallic shield or near a shield side end of the metallic external leads . the deformable part preferably consists of two bent or curved elements which are positioned to form a circle , ellipse , or polygon . | 8 |
an improved antenna having at least one dipole or an antenna element arrangement which is similar to a dipole is distinguished in that the antenna element arrangement is connected capacitively and / or electrically conductively without touching to the reflector or to a reflector or a substrate which is non - conductive at least in the area in which the antenna element arrangement is attached or mounted . | 7 |
this invention relates to optical metrology tools that are used to evaluate small measurement areas on a semiconductor wafer , where the measurement area is surrounded by a material different from the measurement area . in one embodiment , a probe beam is scanned over the measurement area and the surrounding material as data is taken at multiple locations . a processor determines the characteristics of the measurement area by identifying an extremum value of the measurements which represents the center of the measurement area . in another embodiment , the processor determines the characteristics of the sample using a combination of light measured from within and without the measurement area . the measured data is treated as a combination of light from both regions and mathematically modeled to account for both the contribution of the light reflected from the measurement area and the light reflected from the surrounding material . | 7 |
this invention relates to a device to monitor the administration of a fluid through a conduit , such as intravenous fluid , and detect the completion of fluid delivery by monitoring the fluid level inside a chamber . the device will monitor , through an optical fluid sensor comprising a radiation source , two sensors , a logic means , and an indicating means , the bottom half of any “ user supplied ” drip chamber that is normally full during the administration of fluids . when the fluid level in the chamber drops below a predetermined level , the indicating means will initiate an electromechanical device that releases a pinching device to occlude the conduit . the pinching device is a rotary pincher that derives its force from a torsion spring and is held in the open position by the electromechanical device . | 0 |
the present invention relates to a crystalline polymorphic form of remifentanil hydrochloride . the invention also describes methods of preparing a polymorphic form of remifentanil hydrochloride . | 2 |
a positioning method in a supl based position information system , and more particularly , a method for performing periodic positioning capable of processing a periodic positioning request by a location server or a periodic positioning request by a mobile communications terminal when the location server and the terminal respectively manage a trigger generating the periodic positioning , are discussed . | 6 |
in a power supply system for use in a radio communication system comprising a base station for transmitting and receiving radio signals , one or more repeater stations for repeating the radio signals , and a terminal station communicating with the base station through the repeating stations , the base station comprises means for transmitting synchronizing signal pulses at a predetermined period for effecting a battery saving type power supply . each of the repeater station and terminal station comprises means , responsive to successive reception of a predetermined number of the synchronizing signal pulses , for effecting intermittent battery saving at a period substantially equal to the period of the synchronizing signal pulses during occurrence of the synchronizing signal pulses . | 8 |
a method and apparatus for automatically establishing an audio conference call where one of a number of audio conference call service providers must be selected . with this invention a resource broker receives requests from a number of users desiring to establish an audio conference call . profile data on a number of conference call service providers is maintained by the resource broker . based on the profile data and the requests from the users , one of the audio conference call service providers is selected , and the selected audio conference service provider then establishes an audio conference call in accordance with the request from the users . | 7 |
a resonant element including : a vibrating body vibratable in orthogonal x - and z - directions ; exciting means for causing the vibrating body to be subjected to an excitation vibration in the x - direction ; excitation deflection detecting means for detecting the deflection of the vibrating body in the z - direction during the excitation vibration thereof in the x - direction ; and excitation deflection inhibiting means for inhibiting the deflection of the vibrating body in the z - direction . | 6 |
a precise navigation system utilizing a fleet of deployed rf beacons and an associated application . the rf beacons are installed in known locations about a predefined facility area . the rf beacons emit either a bluetooth or wi - fi beacon signal . an rf beacon identifier is encoded into the beacon signal . the location of the beacon is determined by using the beacon identifier in conjunction with a beacon location index . the location can be used to determine a location of the receiving mobile device , initiating conveyance of information associated with merchants in the proximate area , assistance for parking , etc . the system can be employed to assist in emergency conditions , obtaining road sign information , and other applications where rf beacons can transmit specific location based services and information . | 6 |
a method of using a plastic extruder equipped with an extrusion die and a gloss controlling auxiliary die to produce an extrudate of polymeric material having controlled gloss appearance comprising the steps of first extruding an extrudate of polymeric material through the extrusion die and then passing the extrudate immediately after exiting from the extrusion die through a gloss controlling auxiliary die which is kept at a temperature either higher or lower than the temperature of the extrusion die . | 1 |
Jupiter's moon Europa, which is thought to possess a large liquid water ocean beneath its icy crust, is one of the most compelling targets in the search for life beyond Earth. Its geologically young surface, along with a number of surface features, indicate that material from Europa's interior may be emplaced on the surface. However, the surface is affected by the harsh radiation environment of Jupiter's magnetosphere, which over time may lead to chemical alteration and destruction of potential biosignatures. We show that radiation dose rates are highly dependent on surface location. Radiation processing and destruction of potential biosignatures is found to be significant down to depths of 1 cm in mid- to high-latitude regions, and to depths of 10-20 cm within `radiation lenses' centred on the leading and trailing hemispheres. These results indicate that future missions to Europa's surface do not need to excavate material to great depths to investigate the composition of endogenic material and search for potential biosignatures. | 9 |
this invention relates to novel ortho - benzenesulfonamides , such as n - aminocarbonyl ]- 2 - benzenesulfonamide , and their use as pre - emergent or post - emergent herbicides or plant growth regulants . | 2 |
a method for the preparation of d - chiro - inositol from kasugamycin , comprising the steps of : reacting kasugamycin with an acetylating agent to form a crude hexa - acetate intermediate ; purifying the crude intermediate to form purified hexa - acetate intermediate ; deacetylating the purified intermediate to form d - chiro - inositol ; and isolating the d - chiro - inositol . the method permits efficient , large - scale preparation of d - chiro - inositol without the need for extensive chromatographic purification of the final d - chiro - inositol product . | 2 |
a method of and apparatus for detecting diseased tissue based upon infrared imaging in two different bands of infrared wavelengths is described . the use of two series of infrared images taken in two different bands of infrared wavelengths increases sensitivity to the subtle temperature changes caused by diseased skin and tissue , especially in the case of cancerous tissue . by sensing skin temperature , the homogeneity thereof , the time variations thereof and the correlation between the two series of infrared images , the present invention decreases the rate of false positives and false negatives . the increased discrimination due to two series of infrared images allows for reliable detection of diseased or cancerous tissue even in the presence of skin tone variations such as birthmarks , tattoos and freckles . the present invention finds special application in the field of breast cancer detection where subtle skin temperature variations may readily be sensed using two series of infrared images . | 0 |
an apparatus for removing oil from air in an air compressor that has a piston reciprocable in a cylinder to compress the air , includes an oil removal chamber associated with the compressor . an unloader valve has an unactuated condition and an actuated condition disabling flow of compressed air out of the compressor and establishing fluid communication between the cylinder and the oil removal chamber . the apparatus may include an oil discharge port for draining oil from the oil removal chamber to a location away from the cylinder , and / or a filter element in the oil removal chamber . | 5 |
parasitic feed - through capacitance effects in a resonator circuit are reduced by separating the resonator signal from the feed - through capacitance signal and then detecting the resonator signal with comparator circuitry . in specific embodiments , the separation of the resonator signal from the feed - through capacitance signal is effected by serial integrator and differentiator circuitry or by trans - impedance amplifier circuitry . the comparator circuitry can include control / delay circuitry for enabling the comparator at a correct time when feed - through capacitance signal has dissipated . the invention can be implemented using microelectromechanical sensors in a strain gauge function . | 7 |
a method for removing coating defects from a vehicle body or the like includes the steps of putting a defect information mark on a defect portion of an inspected object &# 39 ; s coating , recognizing a position and a removal setting of the defect portion from the defect information mark , and non - contact removal of the defect portion in accordance with the position and the removal setting recognized in the recognizing step . according to the present invention , only the defects are removed , even when they are very small . the non - contact removal step may include spraying a water jet to permit removal of a defect without damaging a base coat . the non - contact removal step is very straightforward . therefore , the removal position need not be defined in three dimensions . accordingly , the shape of the vehicle body or the like is not required to be input . | 1 |
a system for creating a clad material that includes at least one substrate ; at least one cladding layer ; at least one surface activation layer disposed between the at least one substrate and the at least one cladding layer ; and a resistance seam welder , wherein the resistance seam welder is operative to generate heat and pressure sufficient to melt the at least one surface activation layer and form a bond between the at least one substrate and the at least one cladding layer when the at least one surface activation layer is cooled . | 1 |
Context. LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations may identify the remnant of compact binary coalescence and core-collapse supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts. The multimessenger event GW170817-GRB170817A appears ripe for this purpose thanks to its fortuitous close proximity at 40 Mpc. Its post-merger emission, ℰ<SUB>GW</SUB>, in a descending chirp can potentially break the degeneracy in spin-down of a neutron star or black hole remnant by the relatively large energy reservoir in the angular momentum, E<SUB>J</SUB>, of the latter according to the Kerr metric. <BR /> Aims: The complex merger sequence of GW170817 is probed for the central engine of GRB170817A by multimessenger calorimetry and event timing. <BR /> Methods: We used model-agnostic spectrograms with equal sensitivity to ascending and descending chirps generated by time-symmetric butterfly matched filtering. The sensitivity was calibrated by response curves generated by software injection experiments, covering a broad range in energies and timescales. The statistical significance for candidate emission from the central engine of GRB170817A is expressed by probabilities of false alarm (PFA; type I errors) derived from an event-timing analysis. Probability density functions (PDF) were derived for start-time t<SUB>s</SUB>, identified via high-resolution image analyses of the available spectrograms. For merged (H1,L1)-spectrograms of the LIGO detectors, a PFA p<SUB>1</SUB> derives from causality in t<SUB>s</SUB> given GW170817-GRB17081A (contextual). A statistically independent confirmation is presented in individual H1 and L1 analyses, quantified by a second PFA p<SUB>2</SUB> of consistency in their respective observations of t<SUB>s</SUB> (acontextual). A combined PFA derives from their product since the mean and (respectively) the difference in timing are statistically independent. <BR /> Results: Applied to GW170817-GRB170817A, PFAs of event timing in t<SUB>s</SUB> produce p<SUB>1</SUB> = 8.3 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> and p<SUB>2</SUB> = 4.9 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP> of a post-merger output ℰ<SUB>GW</SUB> ≃ 3.5% M<SUB>⊙</SUB>c<SUP>2</SUP> (p<SUB>1</SUB>p<SUB>2</SUB> = 4.1 × 10<SUP>−8</SUP>, equivalent Z-score 5.48). ℰ<SUB>GW</SUB> exceeds E<SUB>J</SUB> of the hyper-massive neutron star in the immediate aftermath of GW170817, yet it is consistent with E<SUB>J</SUB> rejuvenated in gravitational collapse to a Kerr black hole. Similar emission may be expected from energetic core-collapse supernovae producing black holes of interest to upcoming observational runs by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA. | 9 |
the present invention is a pumping system which mixes liquids with a well - controlled proportioning and flow rate . the pumping system according to the invention comprises a liquid mixing device placed upstream from a pump . the liquids are taken from vessels , cyclically introduced , in a determined proportion , in a mixing chamber through alternate opening of on - off solenoid valves . the system is controlled at the input by using a damping means such as bellows in antechambers in order to avoid the effects of velocity discontinuities at the time of the opening and of the closing of the valves . the delivery of pump is controlled at the input as well as at the discharge end . the system may be used for liquid chromatography plants . | 5 |
the present invention comprises an improved method and apparatus for treating water in heat exchange systems . the present invention automatically and inexpensively provides an effective chemical to process water systems at times and in proportion to the need for water treatment in such systems . when used in evaporative cooling systems , the present invention adds the treatment chemical to the system via the make - up water . the make - up water acquires a substantially constant concentration of treatment chemical as it is passed through a device containing a treatment chemical . the constant concentration of chemical is achieved by dividing the make - up flow into two streams within the device , saturating the smaller of the two streams with chemical , and re - mixing the two streams . the biocide agent used in the preferred embodiment of the invention is prilled elemental iodine . | 1 |
The old nova and intermediate polar (IP) GK Persei underwent one of its recurrent dwarf nova (DN) outbursts in 2018. We proposed monitoring it in UV and X-rays with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, starting less than six days after the eruption, until 16 days after the eruption ended. For the first time, we could follow the decay to the minimum light UV and X-rays. We present the timing and spectral analysis, comparing the results with the previous outbursts and with the quiescent status. We confirm the spin modulation in X-rays with a period P<SUB>WD</SUB> = 351.325(9) s, only in the 2-10 keV range. The period was not detected in the 0.3-2 keV range and in the UV band, suggesting that the soft portion of the X-ray spectrum in GK Per does not originate near the poles, but in a wind or circumstellar material. The amplitude of the modulation was less prominent than in 2015, a fact that seems correlated with a lower average mass accretion rate. The spectral fits are consistent with a mass accretion rate increasing by a factor of 2 from rise to maximum and decreasing during the return to minimum, following the trend of the modulation amplitude. The maximum plasma temperature is higher than the Swift XRT energy range of 0.3-10 keV, thus it is not well constrained, but our spectral fits indicate that it may have varied irregularly during the outburst. | 9 |
a calculation device includes : a programmable logic device including a plurality of circuit arrangement areas each to which power supply voltage allowed to be independently controlled is supplied ; and a calculation circuit coupled to the programmable logic device , wherein the calculation circuit : arranges a main circuit that executes specific processing in a first circuit arrangement area included in the plurality of circuit arrangement areas ; acquires a second circuit arrangement area in which a sub circuit that executes the specific processing is allowed to be arranged , included in the plurality of circuit arrangement areas and in which the main circuit is not arranged ; arranges the sub circuit in the second circuit arrangement area ; and causes one of the main circuit and the sub circuit to execute the specific processing . | 7 |
a corrugated tube with a longitudinal slit is loaded with electrical wires and the slit is locked . this process is effected using one device and in a single step . the corrugated tube is provided on its outer surface with circular peaks and troughs alternating along the axial direction . the portions facing one another across the slit are provided with convex and concave shapes along the circumference of the tube forming female and male locking portions . the male locking portion is inserted under the female locking portion , so as to lock the slit . an automatic locking device has a tubular guiding unit having a slanted tube part , and a tubular locking unit . the wires pass through the slanted tube part and the tubular locking unit . the tubular guiding unit is inserted into the slit , and the corrugated tube inside the tubular locking unit . when the device and the corrugated tube are moved relative to each other in the longitudinal direction , the wires are transferred from the device into the corrugated tube and the slit is automatically locked . | 8 |
in the course of unit timing , there exists the possibility for a non - compute on a particular net in an ic chip design , which could be caused by numerous things , including but not limited to a pin being tied to power , a floating output , or invalid timing test for a given phase at a test point . a process automatically verifies that all non - computes are understood and exist for valid reasons , in order to ensure all necessary paths are being timed . the process takes a conventional comprehensive report output of a unit timing run and generates macro specific n / c reports for designers to review and sign off on . | 6 |
a spike tire for a vehicle and which includes a pin receptacle hole formed on the tread surface of the tire ; a spike pin retractably protrudable from the pin receptacle hole ; a biasing mechanism for continuously urging the spike pin to protrude from the pin receptacle hole ; and an actuating member of a shape memory alloy capable of restoring a memorized shape when warmed to a predetermined temperature by the heat generated in the tire as a result of operation of the vehicle on a non - frozen or snow - free road surface , to thereby retract the spike pin into said tire against the action of the biasing mechanism . the spike pin is automatically protruded and retracted depending upon road conditions based on a temperature difference between a frozen or snowed road surface and a non - frozen snow - free road surface . on a non - frozen bare road , the spike pin is automatically retracted into the pin receptacle hole by restoration of a memorized shape of the shape memory alloy thereby preventing damage and abrasive wear of road surfaces and the resulting generation of pollutional dust . | 1 |
We report 15 new VRI light curves of five low-mass eclipsing binaries (NSVS 02502726, NSVS 07453183, NSVS 11868841, NSVS 06550671 and NSVS 10653195) that were observed between 2010 and 2012. We analysed our new data together with three published spectroscopic observations and seven published light curves using a modified version of the Wilson-Devinney program. Orbital solutions of the five low-mass eclipsing binaries were revised and new star-spot parameters were obtained. We found that spot locations on the five low-mass eclipsing binaries changed over several years. However, the star-spots for NSVS 07453183 and NSVS 06550671 were stable for several months. More interestingly, for NSVS 02502726, the spots within a star-spot longitude region of 180°-360° indicated a magnetic activity cycle of 5.9(±0.2) yr. Moreover, we detected the first flare-like event on NSVS 07453183 at phase 0.39. The observations of the chromospheric activity indicators (Hβ and Hγ lines) revealed that NSVS 10653195 and NSVS 06550671 were active. For NSVS 02502726, we found a weak continuous secular decrease at a smaller rate of dp/dt = -2.1(0.8) × 10<SUP>-7</SUP> d yr<SUP>-1</SUP> than the previous result. For NSVS 07453183, the O-C times appeared to increase at cycle 6000, and this was followed by a decrease at cycle 6500. | 9 |
a point driver is provided that comprises a body , a selectively operable actuator , a pushplate connected to the actuator , and a head . the head includes a channel disposed between a first section and a second section . at least a segment of the channel follows an arcuate path . the head is aligned with the actuator so that a portion or all of the pushplate can be driven by the selectively operable actuator through at least a portion of the channel . | 1 |
With recent advances in neutron star observations, major progress has been made in determining the pressure of neutron star matter at high density. This pressure is constrained by the neutron star deformability, as determined from gravitational waves emitted in a neutron star merger, and measurements of the radii of two neutron stars made using the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer X-ray observatory on the International Space Station. Previous studies have relied on nuclear theory calculations to provide the equation of state at low density. Here we use a combination of 15 constraints composed of three astronomical observations and 12 nuclear experimental constraints that extend over a wide range of densities. Bayesian inference is then used to obtain a comprehensive nuclear equation of state. This data-centric result provides benchmarks for theoretical calculations and modelling of nuclear matter and neutron stars. Furthermore, it provides insights into the composition of neutron stars and their cooling due to neutrino radiation. | 9 |
a family of composite fabrics is disclosed , such fabrics comprising a relatively thick , contoured textile substrate or base onto which is applied a coating to provide an upholstery fabric having a unique appearance and texture . surface contours , and in some cases portions of the underlying base fabric over which the coating is applied and subsequently removed through processing - induced abrasion , tend to be visible through breaks in the opaque coating , thereby imparting to the composite a decorative , three - dimensional quality . | 1 |
the present invention is directed to an inhaler assist device shaped and dimensioned for supporting a metered dose inhaler and an associated anti - static chamber in a manner allowing for assisted compression of the metered dose inhaler to dispense a dosage therefrom . the inhaler assist device includes an l - shaped housing assembly pivotally connected to a lever actuator . the housing assembly includes a planar base wall and lateral side walls extending from base wall , wherein the base wall and the lateral side walls create a cavity shaped and dimensioned for receipt of the metered dose inhaler and an anti - static chamber . | 0 |
an improved retractable covering for an architectural opening includes an improved mounting bracket , an improved limit stop to prevent over - retraction and over - extension of the retractable covering , an improved battery pack mounting bracket for attaching a power supply to a head rail of the retractable covering , an improved battery pack mounting apparatus for attaching a battery pack to a head rail , an improved control system for the retractable covering , and an improved method of using a wireless remote control or a manually operated switch to activate a motor to control the configuration of the covering , including the extension or retraction of the covering , and the transmissivity of the covering . the disclosed improvements are field retrofittable . | 8 |
an interior equipment element 2 for vehicle cabins , in particular of aircraft . the interior equipment element 2 consists of at least one first portion 7 , on the surface of which there is applied . | 1 |
an active implantable medical device , such as a double chamber pacemaker or defibrillator or cardiovertor , having an improved adjustment of atrial sensitivity and of atrial stimulation energy . this device includes control algorithms for suspecting a loss of atrial detection and / or atrial capture that operates by analysis of a sequence of detected stimulations and ventricular and atrial detections . the following conditions are detected : an absence of ventricular activity post - atrial stimulation ; and / or a lengthening , beyond a given limit , of the atrio - ventricular conduction delay over a predetermined number of successive cardiac cycles ; and / or an occurrence of an atrial detection consecutive to an atrial stimulation over a predetermined number of successive cardiac cycles ; and / or a ventricular extrasystole ; and / or reduction , below a given limit , of a delay between atrial stimulation and ventricular detection ; and / or the passage of an atrial detection to an atrial stimulation with concomitant reduction , below a given limit , of the delay between atrial event and ventricular detection . the atrial detection threshold and / or the atrial stimulation energy are adjusted , preferably stepwise , according to the detected conditions to provide improved patient care . | 0 |
diffused light is projected onto a supported thin film in the form of a truncated sphere . the device has a light source disposed at the bottom end of a housing constructed of a light shielding material , and a diffuser plate at the top end of the housing to emit light into the truncated sphere . in one embodiment the plate carries a layer of liquid soap from which a bubble is blown . the housing may also carry a clear glass dome over its top end adjacent which the thin film is supported . decorative interference patterns of luxuriant colors result . | 8 |
a gas turbine combustion air cooling system includes an intake a duct having an inlet region and an outlet , the duct adapted to supply ambient air to an inlet of a compressor ; a first set of nozzles for spraying atomized water into the ambient air at a location adjacent the duct inlet ; a second set of nozzles for spraying atomized water into the ambient air to supersaturate the ambient air at a location proximate the compressor inlet ; and a control system for apportioning water to the first and second sets of nozzles . | 5 |
a method for freezing a food product in a cryogenic freezer includes sensing at least one physical characteristic of the food product in real time , providing a cryogenic substance to the food product for heat transfer at said food product , automatically self - adjusting the heat transfer at the food product responsive to the sensing the at least one physical characteristic , and continuously self - adjusting the heat transfer for bringing the food product to a select temperature . a related freezer apparatus is also provided . | 5 |
an improved metal encased radial - type oil shaft seal of either single or dual lip construction wherein the primary seal lip is polytetrafluoroethylene -- or the like and is bonded and mechanically interlocked to the metal case by an elastomeric material . | 1 |
a package for storing and shipping flat panel products includes a shock - absorbing inner protective material , a telescoping outer packaging material , adjustable to the size of the product being shipped , and an outer binder , such as a plastic banding material . the inner wrapping material is provided around a circumferential edge of the product and is secured in place . the outer protective packaging material is provided around the wrapped product , adjusted to the appropriate size , and is bound in place with a plastic banding material which is wrapped longitudinally and secures the lateral and longitudinal position of the product within the package . the telescoping package includes slots for receiving and retaining the plastic banding material in position . | 1 |
We present a data reduction pipeline written in Python for data obtained with the near-infrared cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph, WINERED, which yields a 0.91–1.35 μm spectrum with the resolving power of ${R}_{\max }\equiv \lambda /{\rm{\Delta }}\lambda ={\rm{28,000}}$ or 70,000 depending on the observing mode. The pipeline was developed to efficiently extract the spectrum from the raw data with high quality. It comprises two modes: the calibration and the science mode. The calibration mode automatically produces the flat-fielding image, bad pixel map, echellogram distortion map and the dispersion solution from the set of the calibration data. Using calibration images and parameters, the science data of astronomical objects can be reduced automatically using the science mode. The science mode is also used for the real-time quick look at the data during observations. An example of the spectra reduced with WARP is presented. The effect of the highly inclined slit image on the spectral resolution is discussed. | 9 |
a pressure sensor includes a capacitive pressure sensor chip mounted with the intervention of a sealing member on a base adaptor so as to be detachable . the sensor chip being constructed in a manner that a second substrate with a diaphragm electrode is placed between a first substrate with a fixed electrode and a third substrate with a pressure inlet and is bonded to the first and the third substrate so as to overlap the fixed electrode , the diaphragm electrode and the pressure inlet with a prescribed gap between the fixed electrode and the diaphragm electrode . moreover , the third substrate is larger than the second substrate to make place which extends outside the second substrate and plays a role as a sealing surface to be in contact with the sealing member , and the sealing surface is pressed to the base adaptor with the intervention of the sealing member . | 6 |
Cool stars on the main sequence generate X-rays from coronal activity, powered by a convective dynamo. With increasing temperature, the convective envelope becomes smaller and X-ray emission fainter. We present Chandra/HRC-I observations of four single stars with early A spectral types. Only the coolest star of this sample, τ <SUP>3</SUP> Eri (T <SUB>eff</SUB> ≈ 8, 000 K), is detected with $\mathrm{log}({L}_{X}/{L}_{\mathrm{bol}})=-7.6$ while the three hotter stars (T <SUB>eff</SUB> ≥ 8, 000 K), namely δ Leo, β Leo, and ι Cen, remain undetected with upper limits $\mathrm{log}({L}_{X}/{L}_{\mathrm{bol}})\lt -8.4$ . The drop in X-ray emission thus occurs in a narrow range of effective temperatures around ~8100 K and matches the drop of activity in the C III and O VI transition region lines. | 9 |
polarization independent optical isolator / circulator devices based on mach - zehnder interferometers . the devices utilize either polarization splitting and nonreciprocal polarization conversion or nonreciprocal phase shift within the interferometric arm . for devices with nonreciprocal phase shift , the relative phase difference is 0 ° in the forward propagation direction and 180 ° in the backward propagation direction , or vice versa , so that light goes into a bar or cross port depending on the propagation direction . the devices have advantages over previous designs in the use of inexpensive device components , simple alignment , minimal space requirement , and negligible polarization mode dispersion or polarization dependent loss . in addition , the devices can be made in a waveguide form with minimal loss and with high fabrication ease . an additional phase compensator and / or a variable attenuator can be integrated in order to relax the fabrication tolerances . | 6 |
a catalyst system for the selective carbonylation of conjugated dienes in the presence of a hydroxyl - group - containing compound in the liquid phase comprising a combination of : palladium or a compound of ; an organic phosphorus , antimony or arsenic derivative according to the formula : ## str1 ## wherein r 1 represents an aryl group substituted with at least one electron - attracting group and r 2 and r 3 each represent individually an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with at least one electron - attracting group and r 2 and r 3 each represent individually an aryl group or an aryl group substituted with at least one electron - attracting group and wherein q represents phosphine , antimony or arsenic ; and an acid with a pka from about 2 . 5 to about 4 . 0 , said acid being a condensed aromatic carboxylic acid or a benzoic acid substituted with at least one electron attracting group selected from the group consisting of halogen , hydroxy , and methoxy . | 2 |
the present invention provides a clutch having two pistons , a first piston defining a first , smaller area and a second piston , defining a second , larger area . the separate pistons are independently provided with flows of pressurized hydraulic fluid from first and second independent modulatable control valves . engagement of the clutch may be rapid by providing hydraulic fluid to the smaller area piston , provide greater engagement force by providing hydraulic fluid to the larger area piston or a combination of speed and force by utilizing modulated or unmodulated flows of hydraulic fluid to both pistons . | 5 |
bearing assemblies for downhole tools include a compensator member operatively associated with a slidable member and a bearing member . the slidable member is movable longitudinally relative to the bearing member . such movement of slidable member occurs when a force acts upwardly on the downhole tool . thus , the slidable member facilitates absorption of the upward force acting on the downhole tool . during movement of the slidable member , the compensator member is moved from its expanded position to one of its plurality of compressed positions . as a result , the compensator member becomes biased or further biased toward the expanded position . after the upward force dissipates , the compensator member releases some of its stored energy to move from a compressed position toward the expanded position . longitudinal movement of the slidable member facilitates maintaining engagement of the downhole tool in its working position so that interruptions of operations are minimized . | 4 |
a system and method for remote diagnosis and predictive maintenance of devices , machines , and systems has been presented . the system detects signals of one or more operating and condition parameters and compares the detected signals to a signal model maintained locally with respect to the location of the device , machine , or system for anomalies . information describing each anomaly is transmitted to a location remote from the device , machine , or system for diagnosis . the diagnosis includes an initial analysis of the information by diagnostic tools maintained at the remote location , a subsequent analysis of the information by diagnostic tools maintained elsewhere if the initial analysis fails to provide a diagnosis and a final analysis by a team of humans aided by a collaborative environment if the initial and subsequent analyses fails to provide a diagnosis . the diagnosis is transmitted to a maintenance service for repair of the device , machine , or system . | 6 |
carbon molecular sieves membranes having improved thermal and / or mechanical properties are disclosed herein . in one embodiment , a carbon molecular sieve membrane for separating a first and one or more second gases from a feed mixture of the first gas and one or more second gases comprises a hollow filamentary carbon core and a thermally stabilized polymer precursor disposed on at least an outer portion of the core . in some embodiments , the thermally stabilized polymer precursor is created by the process of placing in a reaction vessel the carbon molecular sieve membrane comprising an unmodified aromatic imide polymer , filling the reaction vessel with a modifying agent , and changing the temperature of the reaction vessel at a temperature ramp up rate and ramp down rate for a period of time so that the modifying agent alters the unmodified aromatic imide polymer to form a thermally stabilized polymer precursor . | 8 |
the invention provides a method for detection of receptor - or ion channel - modulators . the method comprises fractionating a sample by using a liquid - based separation means , and feeding the fractions containing the modulators directly to a biosensor . the biosensor is activatable by a receptor agonist and produces a measurable response as a result of this activation . preferably , the agonist is fed to the biosensor through the liquid - based separation means , together with fractions containing the modulators . the presence of a modulator is detected by monitoring a change in the response of the biosensor , e . g ., by measuring changes in electrical properties of the biosensor . in one aspect , the biosensor is periodically resensitized by delivering pulses of receptor agonist to the biosensor for short period of time which are separated by other periods when no agonist is delivered to the biosensor . the invention further provides a system for performing the method . the system facilitates sequential patch clamp recordings of cell - based biosensors . | 8 |
disclosed is a variable drive current driver circuit , comprising : a pair of push - pull circuits for driving a load circuit complementarily ; a first current source circuit for having a bias current flow into the pair of push - pull circuits ; a second current source circuit for having the bias current flow out of the pair of push - pull circuits ; and a control circuit for varying both the bias current flowed by the first current source circuit and the bias current flowed by the second current source circuit according to a control signal . | 7 |
method for preparing cinacalcet hydrochloride having the steps of heating - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine and 3 - benzene wherein l is a halogen atom , methanesulfonate group , p - toluenesulfonate , or triflate , in an organic solvent in presence of an inorganic base , refluxing until 3 - benzene is completely consumed , obtaining a reaction mixture containing cinacalcet , and after treatment , obtaining cinacalcet hydrochloride having a formula of the post treatment separates - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine hydrochloride and cinacalcet hydrochloride by adjusting ph value , extraction , and other simple operations , and the - 1 - naphthyl ethylamine obtained is recycled for preparing the next batch of cinacalcet hydrochloride . | 2 |
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