Datasets:

---

flax-sentence-embeddings

/

stackexchange_title_body_jsonl

like 0

Follow

Flax-sentence-embeddings 28

[ "MS in Computer Science with low GPA", "I want to get into MS in Computer science in the US, specifically in data science. I have a Masters in Physics but my GPA is low. I have scored 51% in my undergrad and 62% in my postgrad. I have cleared my postgrad with 10+ back logs. But I have an international conference paper published in radio astronomy. I have also worked as an intern in web team of leading daily as a science writer. I also have 2+ experience in teaching Physics. I have also volunteered in outreach activities by TIFR, Mumbai. In my undergrad, I have also won prizes in working models related to science. I have an 8.0 score in IELTS and gearing up for my GRE. \nwhat are my chances to get into a decent college?\n\nTo make my application better, I have enrolled myself into John Hopkins Data Science program by Coursera and I am also learning Python. Will it help?\n\nThe reason I had for backlogs is financial troubles in my family. I was doing odd part-time jobs which caused so many backlogs." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "united-states" ]

[ "Is translation of certificates for professorship positions required?", "The job websites of some US universities ask to upload a doctoral certificate for assistant professor positions in Computer Science. My doctoral certificate is not in English. IMHO, a quick look on it suffices to read my name and \"doktor rerum naturalium\" to convince oneself that I indeed have a PhD. Still, no website mentions that a certificate should be in English. As a rule of thumb, without asking, should I \n\n\ncontinue uploading my current foreign-language certificate, or\nget my certificate translated by a sworn translator, or\nself-translate my certificate?" ]

[ "united-states", "job-search", "tenure-track", "assistant-professor", "translations" ]

[ "How can a paper accepted for a poster session be credible?", "If a paper is accepted in poster session of a conference or workshop such that only one page of the article will be published in proceedings, how this paper can be credible? (in particular in computer science and in a workshop like this: http://deic.uab.cat/conferences/cbt/cbt2018/)" ]

[ "conference", "computer-science", "poster", "reputation" ]

[ "How to point out a novel conceptualization in a foundations chapter?", "I am writing the foundations chapter of my thesis. I think I came up with an original conceptualization of the matter that I haven't read anywhere before.\nSince a foundations chapter is usually more a survey, I'd like to highlight that fact. How can I phrase this? \n\nA came up with two options:\n\n\n The following conceptualization represents the author's individual perspective on the topic.\n\n\nIsn't that somehow the case for every part of a thesis? Also sounds like a disclaimer.\n\n\n In this section, a novel conceptualization of the topic is introduced.\n\n\nMaybe better. Or should I simply put it somewhere else, where the fact that I consider it to be a contribution becomes more apparent from the context (location in the thesis)?" ]

[ "thesis" ]

[ "Can I transfer during the last year of a 5 year Master's program?", "I'm planning on attending a university that offers a 5 year program that would allow me to receive my Master's degree in history education, however, my mom (who has the first 4 years covered) is completely unwilling to pay for the final one because she wants me to be back home and working. I don't like this for multiple reasons:\n\n\nThe first few years of teaching are extremely time consuming and I would have practically no time to finish my degree.\nAn employer might be suspicious about transferring colleges during the last year.\nThis could go over poorly with the university I transfer to, especially because not all credits would transfer, making my time much more difficult. The college doesn't even have a 5 year school, meaning I'd have to apply for grad school, making the process much more difficult.\nThe college she wants me to attend doesn't offer the same degree I would be working towards, only a similar one.\nIn the area I live in, it's harder to get a good job with a Bachelor's because you'll typically just be thrown in wherever someone is needed, rather than with a Master's where a choice is given.\n\n\nIs it plausible for me to transfer during this last year, or should I convince her that I have to stay at the first school? Yearly tuition is about $20,000 so I'd have to figure out how to attain the money if I decided to stay.\n\n(The college she wants me to go to is George Mason University -- if that information is needed.)" ]

[ "masters", "transfer-student" ]

[ "Can presented papers at conferences be listed in the reference section of Research Statements?", "I have some presentation in conferences, which have not published as a proceeding or in a journal. I would like to know whether it is customary to put presented papers in the reference section and cite them in research statement?" ]

[ "conference", "presentation", "research-statement" ]

[ "Is there any option to defer the admission if accepted at a grad school?", "I'm a sophomore in masters in chemical engineering and I wanted to apply to grad schools in USA and Canada for PhD. The thing is, my program here for masters is not time bound. It may take me between 1 to 2 years more to complete and this can't be predicted as it all depends on various factors like how fast the research project goes and how good is the funding this year etc.\n\nI wanted to know if universities provide you right to defer the admission (if they accept the application in the first place) for a semester or two." ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "engineering" ]

[ "Which of the items below are worth mentioning in my admission documents?", "I really worried about what should I write in my admission documents, such as resume/CV, statement of purpose, informal email communications with professors. From the list below, please tell me what items have enough academic value to be mentioned in such documents?\n\nNote that its a application in PhD program in computer science for US universities \n\n\nStack Overflow (generally Stack Exchange) reputation and badges\nCoursera accomplished courses\nSmall-scaled programming projects (absolutely with no academic value)\nGithub programming repositories" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "cv", "statement-of-purpose" ]

[ "Subsequent citations of a Note in a translated Book. (Chicago Style)", "I am using the Chicago-style Citation in a Paper that I am working on. I have written this in a paragraph:\n\n\n Es lässt sich vermuten, dass Platon etwas Bestimmtes in seinen Gedanken hatte, als er seine Ideen über Leiberziehung einbrachte. Man könnte sagen, dass die spartanische körperliche Erziehung für ihn ein Ausgangspunkt gewesen war, aus dem er seine Ideen zog.1\n\n\nAnd here is the footnote:\n\n\n 1 Vgl. Plato, The Republic, übers. Desmond Lee (London: Penguin Books Ltd., 2007), 67.\n\n\nVgl in German is equivalent to cf., compare, in English.\n\nThe text referenced is not by Plato himself, as you can see, but by the Translator, Desmond Lee. So the question I want to ask, ist that How do I write subsequent quotes, which are just Notes written by the translator Desmond Lee and not Plato himself?\n\nI do apologize, in case the way I have written the footnote is wrong according to the Chicago-Style guidelines." ]

[ "citations", "citation-style" ]

[ "Elsevier open-access fee waived for subscribers?", "I have recently been comparing publishers regarding their policies on double dipping (charging an open-access fee for publishing in a hybrid journal and then charging again a subscription fee). Many publishers (Springer, Wiley, Taylor and Francis) state they lower the subscription fees based on the amount of open-access articles to not charge their authors / readers / customers twice for the same article.\n\nElsevier has a different approach. They state:\n\n\n Elsevier's policy is not to charge subscribers for open access articles and when calculating subscription prices only to take into account subscription articles – we do not double dip.\n [source]\n\n\nBut how is this implemented? The Elsevier support team was of no help when I asked there. I only got links to the help pages, which I have read forwards and backwards three times already. I even created an account and started a test submission to two of their hybrid journals but there wasn’t even a box to tick for selecting Open Access.\n\nHas anyone made use of this policy and asked for a waiver based on a journal subscription?" ]

[ "journals", "paper-submission", "open-access", "fees", "elsevier" ]

[ "How is it possible to get a masters in electrical engineering in one year?", "I was asked this question, and did not think it was possible. Is it possible without an integrated degree (i.e., after a bachelor's)? I do not really know. If so, how? \n\nI mean for the US, but don't take that as limiting your answer (if from the UK or elsewhere)." ]

[ "masters" ]

[ "Is it appropriate to have assignments due during spring break for an online course?", "I am the author and teacher of an online introductory course at my community college. Each chapter in my class is designed to take one week to complete, where the assignments are due at the end of the week. The students have the option to get ahead of the rest of the class by a couple of weeks, so if they have a trip planned, they can do the work in advance. \n\nThis week I had a student argue that I should not have assignments due for the week of spring break, as that time should be reserved for the students to relax. I never considered honoring breaks or holidays for an online class. Should I consider not having assignments due during the week of spring break or fall break?" ]

[ "homework", "online-learning" ]

[ "In APA, how should stylized business names be capitalized?", "Numerous companies stylize their names or the names of products: adidas, eBay, iPhone...how should these be written (in APA style)?\n\nThe pair of adidas shoes lasted longer than the pair from Nike.\n\n\nvs.\n\nThe pair of Adidas shoes lasted longer than the pair from Nike.\n\n\nThe Wikipedia Manual of Style is pretty explicit on the topic, but the APA is less clear. 4.16 says to capitalize proper nouns and trade names, but doesn't explicitly refer to stylized trademarks. My instinct says to capitalize them as unstylized proper nouns, but other manuals of style actually address the topic, even if it's a bit confusing on first read. For example, the Chicago Manual of Style (search for \"business entities\" in the page for the specific rules) says to follow camel case capitalization, but for all-caps or no-caps, to title case them (adidas becomes Adidas, LEXIS-NEXIS becomes Lexis-Nexis, DirecTV stays as such)." ]

[ "writing", "writing-style" ]

[ "How can an undergraduate challenge a professor on a misleading homework question?", "Thinking back to when I was an undergraduate, one of the homework assignments in a probability class was:\n\n\n In a lottery, is it possible for the winning combination to be 1,2,3,4,5,6?\n\n\nTo paraphrase the lecturer's answer:\n\n\n No, because the combination is very unlikely.\n\n\nThe official answer clearly is an error, but how does an undergraduate approach a lecturer when the given answer is wrong?" ]

[ "undergraduate", "statistics", "homework" ]

[ "Plagiarism of Research Proposal Idea by Potential Supervisors", "I really would like to know how to prevent a plagiarism of your idea or Research Proposal, when it is sent to several Universities and potential supervisors? What can I do if one of the potential supervisors did not respond to me, nor did consider my research important, but later I notice that they are using my idea with other possible investigators?\n\nWhat can I do in that case?\n\nI am really frustrated and disappointed with that lack of ethics. I feel that this person stole my idea and my possible place in the University, and the possible fruits of my work and idea as well.\n\nI really would appreciate your advice.\nThanks a lot for your wonderful website." ]

[ "ethics" ]

[ "Studying for mathematics comprehensive exams", "Should mathematics PhD students work through all of the past exams, if, say, the department makes the last 20 years of exam questions available to students?\n\nOr should students mainly focus on the most recent years' exams instead? - and that perhaps one cannot do all of the exams, because it is almost not humanly possible.\n\nJust seeking general advice.\n\nThanks." ]

[ "phd", "mathematics", "exams", "qualifying-exam" ]

[ "Etiquette for dealing with supervisor comments on written work", "I have a lot of respect for my supervisor; I get very good feedback from them, they are very knowledgeable in their field and I feel that they want me to do well in my reseach. When I submit written work, my supervisor adds comments and then returns, which I think is fairly standard procedure.\n\nShort Version: Is it appropriate after receiving comments on written work to respond with: \"I've addressed 90 of these comments but would like to discuss the remaining 10, which I was unable to resolve.\"\n\nLong Version: I find that comments on written work usually fall into the following four categories:\n\n\nThe comment is justified and I can resolve and close it. (~90%)\nThe comment asks for clarification of the text. (~4%)\nThe comment is not justified due to them misunderstanding my text, due to my text not having been written in a clear and/or unambiguous enough manner.(~3%)\nThe comment is not justified and the text is clear. (~3%)\n\n\nFor the first two types, I can usually just update my work and move on. It's the last two that I'm not too sure how to deal with. Do I ignore or flag for discussion (as well as clarifying where relevant)? I have been flagging these but feel that I annoy my supervisor by doing so (likely since they are very busy with other work). The alternative is to ignore but then I worry that my supervisor will notice later that I haven't applied the change. Another option for the second (and third) bullet is that I clarify my text and move on and I do do this sometimes but on other occasions I feel it requires further discussion in order to convey the correct meaning." ]

[ "supervision" ]

[ "PhD student leaving current program for reasons of safety. Recommendations for what to do next in terms of schools and catching up?", "I am a PhD student who lost a year in school due to factors beyond my control. \n\nFirst, several non-school related issues made it difficult for me to focus on school. Then, a little later, I was harassed and threatened by someone in my program. The harassment continued for a couple of months before I ceased leaving my house altogether. Eventually I talked to the graduate supervisor about the situation. They agreed that it might be best for me to leave for a while. But, I am left with two problems: \n\n\nMost deadlines for schools have past. The ones that haven't, don't seem like a good bet by way of funding. Should I try to find a program to apply to anyway? If not, what can I do to get my year back? I was kind of on a roll before, but now my thought processes feel stagnant and slow — Any recommendations for getting back up to speed? \nMy grades from this year are poor. I do not think they accurately reflect my academic potential or my understanding of the material. Should I be explaining any of the extenuating circumstances to prospective schools when I do apply?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-school", "application", "harassment" ]

[ "How can I best determine if a masters program is of high quality?", "I'm about to start my master in mathematics next year. I'm having a lot of trouble determining how some of the options available to me compare. They are all not very wel known programs, and I don't think it's a good idea to name them here explicitly so I won't. \n\nThis whole choice is really stressing me out a bit. I want to choose the best one, but I have no idea how best to compare them. Things that I'm currently taking into consideration:\n\n\nThe number of enrolled students. This varies from only 10 to around 35 per year. 10 seems very low to me. And remember we're not talking about very prestigious programs here.\nThe structure of the program. Some programs make you choose a track in which you specialize, while others don't. You can of course still build that specialisation into your program on your own, but I feel that this explicit specialisation is probably better. I also think that better profs are attracted to programs where they can teach just their specialisation.\n\n\nI would appreciate some input on the relevance of those two factors, as well as other things I should consider and ways of approaching this.\n\nI will be studying pure mathematics and hope to be able to stay in acedemia if that is relevant for this situation." ]

[ "masters", "university" ]

[ "Should I take admissions to this phd programme?", "I get selected in Phd course. My area of interest is cloud security. There are two lectures whose area of interest is cloud security. I requested one of the supervisor, who has good record and has good publications, to take me as her phd student. She said that she doesn't have the vacant seat now but after 6 month she can have 1 vacant seat. She talked with another lecturer to be my supervisor and said that in these, 6 month, she will evaluate my performance and based on that she will make decisions. So, after 6 months, if she likes my performance, I can have two supervisor in which one is my original supervisor (which is mam to whom I requested) and another mam is my co-supervisor. If she doesn't like my performance, I can have only another lecturer as my supervisor.\n\nThe problem is that she is not 100% percent sure and she will evaluate me during this 6 months. I want that mam (to whom I requested) to be my supervisor as she has good knowledge and publications in good journals. Should I continue with this phd or quit?\nAny guidance will surely help." ]

[ "phd", "supervision" ]

[ "Etiquette in applying for undergrad research", "I am currently looking into applying for funding as an undergraduate summer research assistant. At the moment, two professors have agreed to allow me to work with them. Since I can't be sure that the funding application would be accepted, I am considering accepting the offer from both professors and going forward with applying for funding with both professors - is this a good idea? If so, should I let both professors know this? If not, could I try asking the prof's permission to do this, or would it be in my best interest to just decide on my top choice now and just pursue that?\n\nThanks in advance!" ]

[ "etiquette", "funding", "research-undergraduate" ]

[ "What can you get from submitting an abstract?", "I work for a technical company at the interface between engineering practice and research. Since we have to deal with academia on a daily basis, I have seen many calls for \"Abstract submission\". Generally these calls are associated with some sort of academic conference that is focused on a particular topic. It is also subject to deadlines and regulations. Several universities, research institutions and even private/public entities might be participating at these conferences.\n\nMy question is this: What can you actually get from submitting an abstract? Why do these conferences even request abstract submission? What do they get from it? Why are abstract submissions important and why do people do them?" ]

[ "conference", "abstract" ]

[ "Are you required to trace back information on a subject to first publication for a citation on it?", "If there is a tree of papers on or involving X, all of which give a brief introduction to X and I need a citation for my use of X, do I need to give the root of the tree as a citation of X or can I cite any of the nodes in the tree that explain X for my use of it?\n\nConcretely I need to cite why using point wise mutual information can be used to improve co-occurence matrix based word embeddings. I do not really know where PPMI was first used for this purpose, but I have stepped down towards the root for a few papers now. Do I need to find the paper that first used PPMI for this or can I cite any of the ones I already found?" ]

[ "citations", "writing" ]

[ "Seeing as symbolic math tools are very common nowadays, how acceptable is it to skip calculations in manuscripts?", "Many studies are mainly revolved around solving optimization problems; formulating a cost function and getting the gradient w.r.t some elements. This part can be somewhat challenging mathematically and is required to solve the problem in practice. Or at least, it used to be. I note that I'm not talking about the research of optimization but rather using optimization as a tool.\n\nSymbolic toolboxes (such as Theano, TensorFlow, etc., mainly used when designing neural networks) are abundant and widely used. Using these, we can skip the manual calculation of gradients - we write only the cost function, and the derivation is done for us. Usually even the optimization is performed automatically. \n\nWhile in the computer vision field it is very common to find studies that skip the math almost entirely, in other fields it is still very common to write the cost function, and at least provide the final equations needed for reproducing the results (more elaborate calculations are usually found in the appendix or supplementary material). \n\nI'm wondering - if I choose to use these symbolic toolboxes in another field, in which it's common to write the entire derivation (or at least the gist of it), will it be frowned upon, even if I specify which software I use and even provide code? I somehow feel as if some fields consider themselves to be more 'mathematical' in substance and will therefore want to see I can calculate myself rather than let a computer do that for me... \n\nThanks." ]

[ "mathematics", "computer-science" ]

[ "List invited, co-authored conference presentation on CV as student", "As a student (M.Sc.), my list of publications is as short as my career would suggest. For an invited talk at a conference that my professor gave, parts of my work were presented and I was consequently officially listed as a co-author.\n\nRefining my CV for the application to a PhD position now, do I list this on my CV in the \"Publications\" section? I've read that this can be interpreted as \"blowing up\" your CV in some cases, which is really not my intention. But given that people in my career stage normally haven't had a whole lot of opportunities to show their work in public, this might still be of interest.\n\nThus my question: should I include it or not?" ]

[ "publications", "conference", "cv", "invited-paper" ]

[ "I reviewed a paper but was not informed of the decision -- is this common?", "I occasionally review articles for a prestigious but high-throughput journal. The most recent time, I went to check on the decision of the article, and saw that a decision of minor revision had been rendered but I was not informed. Is this a quiet way the editors have chosen to take me off of further reviewing a paper because they didn't like my review? I didn't even disagree with that decision particularly, but I had marked "another journal" for my recommendation.\nIn a previous encounter with this journal I was informed the journal had returned a decision of major revision, then the revision was never returned to the original reviewers, but rather was directly accepted by the editor and published 10 days later. Is this common too?\nThese may all be common practices at journals with more throughput than the specialized journals I am used to but they are new to me." ]

[ "peer-review", "paper-submission" ]

[ "How does research contribute to teaching, and vice versa?", "If research is related to teaching then research could have a direct contributions to teaching. However, if research is not directly related to teaching, then how can each of them contribute to the other?" ]

[ "research-process", "teaching" ]

[ "How do I deal with my family which doesn't respect science and math while I am doing a double science and math major?", "How do I deal with two parents who don't see the utility of science and mathematics while pursuing an education in science and math (while depending on their income to fund my tuition?). They come from a blue-collar background and don't think learning arcane symbols has anything to do with innovation or make big bucks in today's world.\n\nMy parents wish for me to go off to the industry ASAP or do some freelance or make an app that get them rich quick. I want to pursuit further education beyond that of a bachelor degree.\n\nIn the summertime I am preparing for some course work for next semester, but they keep on telling me that I should sign up for some fitness class or make money. I appreciate their viewpoint, but I can't bring myself to balance between studying and concentrating on course work while doing things that are a waste of time.\n\nWhat should I do?" ]

[ "work-life-balance" ]

[ "How to find Special Issue of Journals?", "I was exploring IEEE and Springer to find their special issues but there is no specific link or option to track special issue articles. How can I find them for my specific domain?" ]

[ "journals", "ieee", "acm", "special-issue", "springer" ]

[ "Is there a way to save my students money on a textbook?", "I'm considering requiring a textbook that sells for $140 on Amazon. Used copies cost $95 and up. I expect about 60 students to take the course. Our students are not wealthy, and some will skip buying the book (and their academic performance will suffer) if they feel they cannot afford it. I'd like to find ways of saving my students money. \n\nOne idea I have is to see if it's possible to get a bulk discount and pass the savings on to students. Another idea is to set up an Amazon affiliate link and refund the kickbacks to students, although I'd probably be liable for income tax. (Of course, I'd request approval from the Provost's office before trying something that could appear to be profiting off of students.)\n\nI live in the United States, the publisher is Pearson, and there does not seem to be an international edition. There is only one edition of the textbook. (For other classes, I've saved the students money by letting them use an earlier edition.) I have been unable to find a textbook of comparable quality that is significantly cheaper.\n\nHas anyone tried any of the above ideas or others?\n\nRESPONSES TO COMMENTS:\n\nWhy require a book? I do not always require a book, but I think it is necessary for this course in order for students to learn the material.\n\nWhy not write my own book or lecture notes? I have co-authored a book on a topic on which I am an expert and made the book available for free online. I could not do as good a job as the expensive textbook's authors in this subject matter, especially because I expect to only teach this course once.\n\nWhy not use a free online textbook? I was unable to find a free book that did a good job covering the required material.\n\nWhy not encourage the students to find an illegal copy online? I consider copyright legitimate and would not encourage my students to do something illegal or unethical.\n\nUPDATE:\n\nAfter I assigned the Pearson textbook, a student discovered that it was available for free online through the local public library. I immediately informed the other students of this option and let them know how to get a public library card. I will always know to check this option in the future. It had not occurred to me that a publisher would allow a popular textbook to be made available for free in this way (with no limit on the number of simultaneous viewers).\n\nSECOND UPDATE:\n\nI learned that ACM Student membership, which is $19/year (with possibly lower rates in the developing world) includes access to Safari Books Online, which has a book I am requiring this semester (in the Head First series) and has many other great computer science books (typically used by developers, not as textbooks)." ]

[ "books", "fees" ]

[ "Is there a web service that receives a reference and returns the impact factor?", "Is there a web service that I can send a bibtex entry and receive an impact factor?\n\ne.g. \n\nhttp://magicalsite.com/query.php?json={MY_BIBTEX}\n\n\nreturns:\n\n{\n'IF':37.65\n}\n\n\n\n\nSo I figured it out...\n\nI use http://www.impactfactorsearch.com which is proposed in this answer.\n\nHere's a quick and easy PHP script to get the impact factor of any journal:\n\n<?php\n$name = \"Applied Ocean Research\"; //change to suit your needs\n$journalName = urlencode($name);\n\n$cmd = \"curl -s 'http://www.impactfactorsearch.com/test.php?json=true&input=$journalName'\";\n$result = `$cmd`;\n$ifObject = json_decode($result);\n\n$levDistances = array();\nif (isset($ifObject->results)) {\n if (is_array($ifObject->results) && (sizeof($ifObject->results) > 0)) {\n foreach ($ifObject->results as $journal) {\n $levDistances[$journal->value] = array(\n 'score' => similar_text($journal->value, $journalName),\n 'if' => $journal->id\n );\n }\n arsort($levDistances);\n $keys = array_keys($levDistances);\n $impactFactor = doubleval($levDistances[$keys[0]]['if']);\n echo \"journal: \" . $name . \"\\n\";\n echo \"if: \" . $impactFactor . \"\\n\";\n }\n}\n?>" ]

[ "website", "impact-factor" ]

[ "Can a hypothetical question be chosen as a research question?", "Suppose, can I choose \"what would happen if the USA doesn't exist\" as a research question? Would this be still acceptable by a wider researcher community?" ]

[ "research-process", "independent-researcher" ]

[ "Omissions of undergraduate information", "I am new here. I was wondering since many of you are learned professionals what your opinion on this is.\n\nI have recently returned to further education (as an undergraduate) and have been there for a few years. In my original application to the university, I filled in the previous academic background section as much as I could. Since there have been a large number of years since I left a course I did not finish, I was wondering if - ethically and perhaps code of conduct wise - forgetting to include that I did not finish said course at a 'partner college' to the university I am currently enrolled at would come back with implications down the line. \n\nWould it be best to bring this to attention? It is worth mentioning that the results for which my current undergraduate course was deemed 'conditional' from, are not related this course I accidentally omitted. Any opinions?" ]

[ "ethics", "university", "undergraduate" ]

[ "The editor asks me to wait couple of days", "I have submitted my manuscript to one of the top-tier journal in my field. The reviewers' feedback was positive in the first round of revision; one reviewer favoured the paper and asked for revisions while the second reviewer did not read it because I did not adhere to the target word count of the journal. The editor then asked me to make an R&R. I submitted my revision and 5 days after the resubmission the dashboard was converted into \"awaiting EIC decision\". The editor discussed the decision with one of his associates and then asked me to wait for a couple of days to render a final decision. He did not tell me that it would be sent out for a third review.\n\nMy question is that why the need for days to render a decision after discussing the reviewers' reports with the associate editor? Can anyone from the journal's editors explain this case?\n\nEdit: The problem is that the status \"awaiting for EIC decision\" took around 15 days till I received an email from the editor that he was out of the disk and once he received on X day he would render a decision. At that day or the following day, he told me to have patience and waited for couple of days as he was discussing the reviewers' reports with his associate. My question is whether there was disagreement between the reviewers then he may assign another reviewer or what?" ]

[ "publications", "editors", "journal-workflow" ]

[ "Is writing short proofs inline bad form?", "I'm TeXing up a paper right now and I would like to ask for a sanity test about proper form.\n\nIn the paper, there are some statements which seem too simple to be called a Proposition or Lemma, let alone a Theorem. I use the word Remark for those. However, roughly speaking, there are three kinds of Remarks:\n\n\nOnes whose proofs are fairly easy or standard, but not completely trivial, so I put a short argument after, using the standard proof environment.\nOnes which I think are completely obvious in context, for example they just summarise some exposition directly above, so I simply put a qed sign at the end (I sometimes do the same with Corollaries).\nOnes which have very simple proof, which may not be entirely obvious at a glance, but I believe a minimal (say, one short sentence) explanation is enough. In this case, putting the short explanation in the proof environment seems to be a waste of space and makes the whole thing look too important. Instead, I just put the short explanation in a parenthetical comment, which I append to the body of the remark, and follow that with the qed sign.\n\n\nThis system seems to be logical to me, but I would like some confirmation that this is OK, particularly the last kind.\n\nI would also be interested in alternatives, with their pros and cons (I am unlikely to change the style in this paper unless I'm convinced that there is a big problem, but I may try to do something better in the next one)." ]

[ "mathematics", "writing", "writing-style" ]

[ "Is it possible to get into a funded master's-level graduate program by applying to labs?", "I graduated from a third-tier university majoring in Aviation engineering with a 3.2 GPA. I want to go to graduate school in order to pursue my dream to become a researcher/research engineer. I landed a research assistant position at another campus right after graduating. My plans were to learn and publish papers (which I did) as I waited for the right opportunity.\nAfter gathering information regarding scholarships, a fully-funded scholarship requires a GPA above 3.5. I talked about my concern to my current professor and he said I'm qualified to enter graduate school with my current experience. He advises me to apply for labs that have my field of interest.\nIs it possible to get into graduate school by applying to labs? Do I get fully-funded by the lab? Is it really a thing?\nI am mainly interested in graduate programs in Korea or Japan." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "funding", "japan", "south-korea" ]

[ "Is listing annexed territory listed in author details a valid reason to decline to review?", "I recently accepted a paper review based on an abstract.\n\nOn seeing the paper, at least one of the authors has listed their address as being within an unrecognized annexed territory, like this:\n\n\n Author, X university, /annexed territory/, /annexing state/\n\n\nI am interested in the community views on whether this is reason to decline the review. And, if so, should the reason be declared. \n\nAt the moment, I intend to decline as I do not wish to legitimize the annexation in any way. On the other hand, I also do not wish to discriminate against individual researchers. \n\nHow much should the decision depend on:\n\n\nthe perceived quality of work? \npersonal links?\ntime since/extent of violence during annexation?\n\n\nCan anyone offer a good framework for thinking about this? \n\n\n\nPoints of clarification:\n\n\nThe authors do not use the term \"annex\", \"annexed\", or \"annexing\".\nIt is widely considered an illegitimate annexation (shared with a\nmajority of world states, UN)\nThe annexing state is not required for geographical location/postal\naddress (if anything makes it more confusing). \nI do not wish to act in a way that can be perceived as \"activism\", or to\n\"create a stink\"... \nMy argument is that adding to the record with the annexing state included\nhelps (albeit in a very minor way) its potential path to legitimacy.\nPlease do rebut...\n\n\n\"Annexing\" might not be the correct term in this case, perhaps \"occupying\" is more accurate, I'm not sure - I think the general point of the question stands either way...\n\nIt might be helpful to reference what policies journals typically have on this?" ]

[ "peer-review", "ethics", "policy", "politics" ]

[ "My paper has been provisionally accepted, but my latest results are not as reported in the paper. What should I do?", "After presenting a paper at a conference last year, I was invited to submit an expanded version of the paper as a journal paper. The review of the paper has recently been concluded, and the editors recommended acceptance subject to minor revision. \n\nWhile the paper was under review, however, we developed a more accurate approach which reveals that the finding reported in the paper was too optimistic and what was proposed in that paper did not seem as promising as previously thought. \n\nI have been contemplating which action to take:\n\n\nWithdraw the paper.\nRevise the paper significantly to include the new methodology and the new results.\nKeep the paper nearly as it is, only addressing the reviewers' comments (none of the reviewers questioned the previous approach), but adding a note that our latest approach produces something quite different.\n\n\nI am personally not comfortable with option 3, although it may be the easiest and fastest thing to do. I am deliberating between options 1 and 2. Option 1 because the result doesn't look as promising as before and may not be interesting enough to warrant publication. However, if I withdraw the paper, there is no chance to warn readers that the results presented in the conference paper were too optimistic. Hence option 2, which is the option I am inclined to take. It however needs more time and I am not sure what to say to the editors." ]

[ "extended-paper" ]

[ "How does doing a PhD with a pre-determined project vs. formulating your own affect your later career?", "Between \n\n\nDoing a PhD by joining a predetermined research problem\nDoing a PhD by formulating one's own research problem \n\n\nis it possible to say that option #1 is a more advantageous choice in terms of future career?\n\nWhy or why not?" ]

[ "phd", "career-path", "early-career" ]

[ "getting a job with a PhD in (pure) mathematics", "Probably this concern has been addressed several times here but I will give a try to get other people's perspective from my situation. I am feeling sort of hopeless these times.\n\nI am in my last year of my PhD in mathematics and doing my dissertation soon, my research was mainly devoted to algebraic topology and I made some progress in my advisor's particular area. However, I faced some problems during my studies (personal issues) and I never built a strong relationship with my advisor; so I could not finish all the initial research proposal intended for my PhD thesis.\n\nI recently had a sincere talk with my advisor about my future, and he said that my progress is worth for a PhD thesis but it is not anything very surprising that is worth publishing, so I will be graduating with zero publications. He said that my chances of getting a PostDoc positions are really low and that I can not expect a strong recommendation letter from him. My advisor has a few collaborators (from overseas mainly) and none in the local department. He also never supervised another Master or PhD student while I was under his supervision, then I never got a chance to network or engage properly with other classmates. My advisor kindly suggested to explore other options in the job-market besides academia.\n\nI like to explore new things, and in my free time during my studies I attended several teaching workshops, seminars and courses (I got a small degree in \"university teaching\"), and I am also familiar with Python, R, Matlab and Sage; however, I learn those things for fun and I have never really worked in \na big project using any of that.\n\nI do not know what to focus on and what kind of job should I look for after I finish my PhD\n\nI would like to keep doing research in Math, but my area is not very popular lately and I feel that I have no chances of succeed getting a PostDoc; I also feel that I do not have (demonstrable) skills to perform a job with \"real-life\" applications so probably my chances getting there are also low. And I do not really know the Teaching job-market, I think that those positions are temporary and it would be hard to find a place that is willing to sponsor a work visa (I am not a US-citizen, and the job market in the third-world country that I am from is nonexistent for PhD's in this area)" ]

[ "phd", "mathematics", "career-path", "postdocs" ]

[ "What to do if your research idea has already been published?", "I am an amateur researcher (no PhD, Masters, etc...) and just want to put something out there so I can put it on my resume to demonstrate I know how to perform research and hopefully get a job. I did a Google search and found a paper that discusses the same idea I had. However, the paper approaches the problem differently than I would have done (although the more I read the harder it is for me to separate the two in my head), and does not go as in depth as I plan to. With that said, the underlying concept/theory are the same.\nIt seems like what I can add to the field are additional evidence that the technique works and maybe (most likely not) an expansion of the technique/theory to allow for it to be used more broadly. Realistically, I'll probably only be able to offer additional evidence that his technique works, as I am not educated enough and in the field - but one never knows. I'd have to dig deeper, and will only know after I run my simulations anyways to see if the concept can be expanded.\nIs there a case for me to construct a research paper? Or should I just do a bunch of simulations, which is what I was planning on doing, to demonstrate that his technique works and show how it could be applied. In the latter case, if my work is deemed unoriginal, I would just publish the results either via a blog or Twitter and reference the original paper or just keep it for personal use/knowledge. In the former case, if my work is deemed original, I would actually write up a research paper, but still obviously reference his paper.\nThanks!" ]

[ "publications", "research-process", "plagiarism", "publishability" ]

[ "pros and cons of one's own papers covered by media", "One published a paper on a journal. The communications team of their school want to publicize that paper in media. Is there any substantial pros and cons for the paper writer?" ]

[ "publications", "social-media" ]

[ "How to format the name of an R package in thesis?", "In a thesis, when referring to an R package (a statistical software), how should I write it?\n\nShould it be italicized/treated like a title?\n\nOr just like any other word. The package name is not a \"normal word\" so it seems out of place to just write it like \n\n\"...using the R package XYZ.\"" ]

[ "thesis", "software", "formatting" ]

[ "Which differences are there between Math PhD programs in the US and in the UK regarding admission, funding, and reputation?", "I'm an American citizen and a Junior at a US institution and I've recently been compiling a list of graduate schools to apply to. I'm mostly interested in differential geometry and geometric analysis. In addition to domestic institutions I have been looking at institutions in the UK such as the London School of Geometry and Number Theory, Cambridge, Oxford, etc... \n\nAre there any fundamental differences in the way UK PhD programs admit and train their students? As an international student would I also be able to obtain funding for my education the same way I would be able to in the United States? Finally, how are UK PhD's looked upon in the American Academic job market? I imagine there shouldn't be much difference but there could be some politics I'm overlooking. Thank you." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "mathematics", "united-kingdom" ]

[ "Literature search methodology for non-academics?", "I moved straight into the professional world after my bachelor's degree, and have no experience with formal research of any sort. Recently, however, my university has granted alumni access to a large portion of its collection of research journal subscriptions. I would like to leverage this access to improve my understanding of my field--and of other fields I explore in the future as a hobbyist.\n\nBut I do not even know how to search for information relevant to my interests. For example, if I am interested in looking into research done on the relationship between the brain's ability to focus on one task for a given length of time and efficacy of study methods, the first thing I think of is 'attention span,' but this appears to yield articles in primary education journals outlining techniques for managing children with short attention spans. If I try 'focus,' I end up chiefly with results discussing the practice of selecting a focus for one's undergraduate degree. If I try 'concentration,' I end up with myriad articles describing the impacts of either chemical concentrations or demographic concentrations on psychological health and development. None of these things are close to what I am actually searching for, even after filtering the results for the fields I thought would be obvious choices--Education and Psychology.\n\nAfter sniffing around on my own, a widespread assumption in the existing advice I've found is that the article-seeker will be an academic well-versed in the jargon of their field, or who are looking to expand out from a paper they've already found or been directed to by someone knowledgeable. Is there a consistent methodology for a non-academic to gain a foothold of understanding on a given topic--as with my 'attention spans and study methods' example--that allows one to branch out from there?" ]

[ "literature-search", "methodology" ]

[ "What type of education should I select in this form?", "I am filling an application form for a PhD position and came upon this field:\n\n\n\nIt seems like a stupid question, but I am not familiar with this type of categorization. For a Master's degree, which one should I choose?" ]

[ "phd", "application" ]

[ "My human subjects research is \"exempt\" under US regulations. Does that mean I can skip ethics review?", "This question was inspired by some wrong information on this site.\n\nHuman subjects research usually requires review by an ethics committee (IRB). Some research is \"exempt\" under US law. If my research is \"exempt,\" can I skip the ethics process?" ]

[ "ethics", "united-states", "research-misconduct", "irb" ]

[ "What should a student do about a professor who uses class time poorly?", "One of my professors is quite enthusiastic about teaching the subject. He often deviates from the main content and gets lost in details vastly beside or beyond the matter at hand - which is interesting, though not immediately helpful.\nEffectively, this means that he regularly fails to complete the day's chapter. To compensate, he always overruns on time (15 minutes are not unusual at all).\nDespite that, he failed to finish several chapters that (according to him) were intended to be taught (and indeed have been in the year before), and did not discuss or even provide solutions to previous homework due to lack of time in class.\nI'm looking for advice how to deal with this situation. How can we make him stick to relevant content?\nMy fear is that the students will a) lack knowledge from missing several chapters, leading to future problems in subsequent courses and b) have worse conditions to succeed in this course's exam, as they lack relevant information and experience.\nI'm baffled how he is able to continue like this - he clearly noticed the problem and also apologized to the students about it several times, but did not yet change his habits at all.\nAs I have already talked to him about other problems before, which he is attempting to fix now, I do not want to "complain" to him again if possible. I'm also a bit unsure what that would accomplish, seeing that he appears to be completely unable to keep his lectures on point.\nIf the students were to talk to the department head, is he likely to take action, or is this rather within the professors individual judgement? If they do, I'm clueless to imagine how he would take it.\nRegarding the missing homework solutions, I considered requesting written solutions to the tasks we failed to look at in class. However, this kind of exercise does not benefit from just solutions and instead requires explanations." ]

[ "teaching" ]

[ "As a tutor, should I encourage exploration at the risk of incorrect information?", "I am a junior undergraduate computer science student at a small engineering school. For the last term I have been paid as a teaching assistant for one of the more difficult courses in the CS curriculum. Because this is a small school, that means that I am basically a public tutor in our CS labs for about 10 hours a week and occaisonally help grade exams and assignments. I took the class earlier this year and did very well, but I am in no way an expert on the topic. \n\nThe largest part of the course is to write a small interpreter in Scheme. The students are given a starting point and are told conceptually how to implement most of the interpreter in the lectures, but the actual implementation is left fairly open. Because of this, there are quite a few valid ways to implement any given part of the project, and I do not think I could possibly learn all of them without dropping out of school to make this my full time job. The difficult part is that the advice I give to any given student depends heavily on how they have completed the interpreter thus far, and so I sometimes have low confidence that my ideas are correct.\n\nI don't see a great way to avoid this without telling them to do it the way I did it when I took the class. I think that a strong point of the course is getting students to think about programming in different ways, and suggesting that my way is the best way seems to very directly contradict that. I also have low confidence in most of the students to tell me that I am wrong as they generally come to me at least a little bit confused in the first place.\n\nAs a paid assistant for our computer science department, should I encourage different solutions at the risk of incorrect solutions, and potentially at the risk of other students' grades? Or should I encourage solutions I am confident in at the risk of throwing out good ideas?\n\nIn the former case I don't feel like I am helping students in the same way that any of them are hoping for, but in the latter case I think I could just as well be replaced by a solution manual. I would like to nudge in the right direction as much as possible, but I don't always know exactly which direction is the correct one given several different thousand line projects in a single day." ]

[ "ethics", "teaching", "teaching-assistant", "tutoring" ]

[ "Do \"research team\" and \"research group\" mean the same thing?", "I see some papers use \"research team\" while others use \"research group\". Do they mean the same thing, a few of researchers that form a team dedicated to a research?" ]

[ "terminology" ]

[ "Closure of DAAD Scholarship in Germany", "What is the procedure stop the DAAD scholarship(Germany) in the middle of the study(PhD or Master)? Is there any legal issue behind on leaving the scholarship?" ]

[ "phd", "germany", "international-students", "student-exchange" ]

[ "MPhil applications - How flexible/sure should I be, and should I mention this possibility?", "(I don't think there's a master of philosophy tag here)\n\nI'm applying to PhD programs in pure math. I have a research master's degree in applied math. While it doesn't have a thesis, it has a course project. I've been reading about requirements for PhD programs and it turns out US-style PhDs expect only a bachelor's and a statement of purpose while European-style PhDs expect a (research) master's degree\n\nI'm applying to universities places not in Europe or in the US that are somewhere in the middle. These universities offer MPhil.\n\nNow, I have a feeling I won't be seen by universities as qualified for PhDs but will be qualified for MPhil. My ultimate goal is to pursue a PhD. I am perfectly fine with having to do an MPhil first. \n\nMy understanding is that\n\n\nif I would apply for a PhD, then I should specify a certain area of math (for a statement of purpose; for a research proposal that's just the basics I guess) which I should be sure about researching otherwise I am a candidate who is not sure about research interests\nbut if I would apply for a master's, I should be flexible and thus state a certain area/s of research as merely a possible route\n\n\nSo what should I do for a statement of purpose for MPhil, which is somewhere in the middle of a master's and PhD? How sure/flexible should I be?\nAdditionally, is it disadvantageous to:\n\nstate in a PhD application that I am open to doing an MPhil?\napply for both an MPhil and a PhD in the same university?\n\n\nI am concerned that doing either will count against me in being accepted for a PhD because it seems like I'm not so sure of myself. \n\nI was advised to ask the admissions offices of the universities but that seems to me like asking a jury how to appeal to the same jury. I would ask a lawyer how I would appeal to the jury.\n\nI was advised also to apply to MPhil's in some universities and PhD's in others. What do you think?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "masters", "mathematics", "statement-of-purpose" ]

[ "Examples of top academics who weren't prodigies", "I'm looking for examples of people who are at the very top of their fields who weren't child prodigies, and followed quite a \"normal\" path in life (high school > college > grad school) before finding their passion in a field and then becoming a top academic at a top institution at it. We come across people like Terry Tao who had some sort of divine gift to do mathematics and was very much a child prodigy (he could do high school mathematics at the age of 8-9 and won an Olympiad gold medal at the age of 13), but I'm looking for people who achieved as much success as Tao (even a little less is fine considering that Tao is often regarded as the \"best mathematician in the world\", but I'm looking for someone in the same tier) without being child prodigies, or knowing what their passion was right from childhood. Examples?" ]

[ "professors", "academic-history" ]

[ "Is providing a slow response to journal reviews a common/good strategy for minimizing the number of review requests?", "It is well known that in mathematics the process of reviewing submitted papers is quite long. There are good reasons for that; intrinsically, reviewing a math paper involves checking and understanding thouroughly the proposed proof, which typically requires a significant time investment. Also, a lot of academics are always very busy and reviewing may not be the most urgent thing they have to do, so it tends to be pushed back.\n\nBut it seems that there are other, maybe not so commendable reasons. Apparently, the common wisdom around me is that you should be careful not to turn in your reviews too soon, or you will be flooded with requests by editors (who are all too happy to find someone gullible enough to hurry doing their reviews) and reviews will take up all your time. This is an advice I've often heard given to young researchers, including by people who can honestly not be accused of neglecting the community service aspects of their work. A lot of people I have talked to have a policy of never doing the review before the deadline or the k-th reminder from the editor. I even heard of a person who would do the review almost immediately after accepting it (when time allowed), but only send it after the deadline or later.\n\nIn an imperfect world where doing your task sooner than anyone else will mark you as candidate for exploitation, I understand the need for such strategies. But I wanted to check: \n\n\nIs the risk so big? \nIs this practice really generalized (also in other fields than mathematics)? \nDo you have alternative strategies to avoid having too many review requests (of course, one can always refuse reviews, but since it can be delicate to do so too often, one may try and avoid requests themselves)?" ]

[ "peer-review", "editors" ]

[ "How long do university libraries keep old copies of dissertations?", "How can I get a copy of a dissertation that I need for my research?" ]

[ "thesis" ]

[ "How to teach students to ask Polya-type questions", "I've recently read \"How to Solve It\" by Polya. In that book, the author basically explains the method that I use in my own teaching - asking relevant, prompting questions to get students to reason through a problem.\n\nHowever, I have a problem with this method (including in my own teaching) - the real challenge should be to get the students to ask those questions themselves. I'm not doing anything other than asking \"the right\" questions to get the students to move forward, but they aren't spectacularly difficult questions to come up with on your own.\n\nI fear that all I'm doing is pushing the responsibility back on myself by taking away the really hard part of problem solving: figuring out the path you need to take.\n\nSo how do you teach students to ask good questions while problem solving without the need for teacher assistance? We can limit the question to STEM problem solving if we'd like, but I'm sure this problem exists in non-STEM fields." ]

[ "teaching", "answering-questions" ]

[ "Asking for a letter of recommendation after only some days of collaboration", "I plan to apply for a Master's degree at a new university, and I require three letters of recommendation to do so. At my current university, there are two professors I did seminars/my bachelor thesis with, and both have agreed to write one - so there is one left. However, among the rest of the academic staff, there is none who knows me well (meaning I had one or two lectures with them, but not much personal contact). So I am wondering, if the following alternative is viable:\nAfter finishing my thesis, my professor has offered me to continue research, which has now developed into some mathematical software. Our idea was to integrate it in an open source project, so I participated in an hackathon-style event of said project, where I have met another professor. The event was only 2 days, but he was interested in my project and supported me a lot. Therefore, I consider asking him for the last letter of recommendation, as he probably has a better idea of my work than most lecturers at my university.\nIs this reasonable?" ]

[ "mathematics", "masters", "computer-science", "recommendation-letter" ]

[ "Graduate courses or research experience for PhD admissions: Which is more important?", "I am currently at a crossroads, deciding between several MS program offers. I have the choice to do a research based masters, where I would take very few graduate courses but focus almost solely on research, and a more course based masters where I would primarily be taking graduate courses with a small thesis component. My goal is to leverage my MS experience to apply to US PhD programs. My field is applied physics.\n\nGiven these choices and my end goal, who would be more attractive to US PhD programs? A candidate with a few graduate courses under their belt but with 1-2 years of research experience (with a paper or two) or a candidate with no papers but who aced many graduate level courses?" ]

[ "publications", "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "application", "physics" ]

[ "Synonym for the job title of assistant professor", "I often go to meetings and professional events outside academia.\n\nI am meeting new people all the time, and most of them are not acquainted with academic ranks and job titles. It happens often that when they realize that my job title is 'assistant professor' they slightly dismiss me and suddenly give an impression that they see me inferior. \n\nSome even ask me who my professor is. So I don't think I am misinterpreting the situations.\nOutside academia 'assistant' has often a connotation of a lower and dependent ranking, which may explain it.\n\nI am not obsessed with titles, and I am happy with my job and position, but I have a feeling that in these situations it may close doors as I am getting dismissed before I can show anything.\n\nAs I am getting convinced that this happens only because of the job title, I started to think who can I introduce myself with another generic job title that sounds better and does more justice (that I am more senior than I appear: a project leader, supervising people, and do not assist someone).\n\nIs there a synonym that I can use instead? The requirement is that a title isn't fake. I don't want to claim a title that does not belong to me. I just want to find a better way to introduce myself to those who are outside academia.\nI was thinking about using titles such as senior scientist, research director, lecturer, but these are actual job titles. Principal investigator, while truthful, may not be understood.\n\nMaybe I should also state that I am male, so it is not about gender. I can imagine that if I were female it would be even worse." ]

[ "job", "titles" ]

[ "Why are US PhDs different from European PhDs?", "So apparently I heard from here, here and here about the differences in PhDs in the US and in Europe.\n\nTo sum up, it takes longer, on average, in the US than in Europe to finish a PhD since US PhD programs require less and have more coursework compared to Eur PhD programs.\n\nWhy is that so?\n\nI tried looking it up but seemed to be getting the stuff above, nothing really explaining why that is so." ]

[ "phd", "graduate-school", "united-states", "europe" ]

[ "Resource for learning about research funding system in the UK/Europe", "I am currently considering to take up a tenure-track job in computer science at a UK university. I have little (i.e. no) experience with the research funding situation in Europe. \n\nIs there any resource where I can start reading up on the research funding opportunities and the general system in place in Europe/UK?" ]

[ "computer-science", "funding", "europe", "united-kingdom" ]

[ "How to make good use of a small startup fund?", "I'm starting a tenure track position (in the US, computer science) in fall and the position comes with a startup fund that is insufficient to employ any (postdoc) staff and PhD students are funded directly by the department. Also, my conference travel is taken care of by other funds.\n\nHow can I use the (limited) funds that I have to benefit my career? \n\nEdit: I'm mostly working in theoretical research (algorithms)." ]

[ "computer-science", "funding", "job", "tenure-track" ]

[ "How formal should a recommendation be in the US?", "I am a lecturer in a European university. A student from my department asked me to write a recommendation for a program somewhere in the US that he wants to attend.\n\nI have read the horror stories about American recommendation letters, where apparently \"He is not only quick at learning and good at solving complicated problems, but also with a logical and creative mind that enables him to raise some insightful views. I was also deeply impressed with his diligence and outstanding communication ability, compared with my other students.\" is considered lukewarm(!) and grounds for rejecting the applicant.\n\nI have found a few sample recommendation letters and advice from different universities/people around the internet and I've used them as inspiration to spruce up what I had initially written. I have also asked colleagues, but understandably they mostly write letter for other European universities, where such superlative language would usually be reserved for sarcasm or toadying.\n\nHowever, one thing that is rarely consistent is how formal the letter should be. More precisely:\n\n\nHow should I start the letter? \"Dear colleagues\"? \"To whom it may concern\"? \"Esteemed organizers\"? Similarly, how to end it? \"(Best) regards\"? \"Sincerely yours\"?\nHow to refer to the applicant in the letter? \"Jane\"? \"Jane Doe\"? \"Mrs. Doe\"?\n\n\nI would rather not penalize the student because I do not understand foreign cultural norms." ]

[ "united-states", "recommendation-letter" ]

[ "My MS thesis advisor wants me to delay my graduation for one semester. What should I do?", "I planned to graduate this summer, and I went through all the process of applying for graduation and my advisor signs all of these. \n\n\nNow I have just 2 weeks to meet the deadline to officially graduate this summer. I have emailed by advisor to help me prepare my final results, proofread my thesis document. This is 2 weeks back, and I don't have any reply so far.\nI get an email from my advisor saying that I can't delay and have to postpone my graduation next semester. \"It is best for you to make an official decision to cancel your graduation, since it is getting too close to the oral defense deadline as well as reviewing thesis.\" \n\n\nI am OK to graduate next semester, but what I can't bear to understand is the carelessness of my advisor. I have to pay again for a whole new semester because of this.\n\nAny advice what I should be doing at this moment?" ]

[ "advisor" ]

[ "Difference between International edition of a book and a non international one", "Most of the textbooks I used during my undergraduate studies (outside north America) are International editions, so what is the difference between a national and an international edition of a book?\n\nFor example, I have a book that says\n\n\n XYZ published this special edition for the benefit of students outside the United States and Canada.\n\n\nand they don't mention why this international edition is special or what is the benefit!" ]

[ "books", "international" ]

[ "Student accused of Plagarism", "A former student of mine asked for advise. This student has been accused of cheating on an assignment. By their account, approximately 8% of their project is nearly identical to a partial solution posted by a student who took the same course in the past. My former student claims that they never consulted GitHub, rather they just built the project using the description in the handout.\n\nThe former student also claims that the remainder of the project, much more complicated, bears no resemblance to the GitHub posting, per the accusing professor.\n\nThe matter is further complicated in that the student has been unable to see the GitHub posting as it was removed prior to the student being accused of plagiarism. I was contacted because I have talked about academic dishonesty in my classes, and given examples to students. The student asks how to proceed. \n\nFrom my end, I suggested that the student email the professor, and ask for the specifics so that they can be examined. The professor indicated that the case can go to the academic review board, and points out that it will be likely upheld there. I reminded the student that apparently 90+% of the project appears to be original, and the student denies using anyone else's code. The student wondered if they should admit, as the professor is suggesting. \n\nMy advise was to only admit to what you have done. Ask for the code allegedly used in the project, and in writing justify how the submitted project was developed, explaining the commonality with the GitHub code, if possible. And before that can be done, the professor should supply the alleged copied code which is relied upon for the assertion of academic dishonesty.\n\nIs there anything else which I should consider or suggest?" ]

[ "plagiarism" ]

[ "Hourly rates for industry consulting?", "I have a friend who is considering a part time (~10hr/week) consulting gig with a large, well-established software company, doing a mixture of research and coding. However, there appears to be little quantitative data on past consulting rates for academics, i.e., professors, postdocs, and PhD students whose primary career is not consulting.\n\nQ: How does an academic determine a fair rate for consulting?\n\n...Assuming that a consulting gig is actually compatible with their academic contract! I do of course realize that in many circumstances external employment is prohibited by a contract with the university. I also realize that consulting rates are largely a function of 1. perceived expertise and 2. negotiation skill. But a key component of successful negotiation is an objective view of the facts—in this case, some kind of upper and lower bound on reasonable wages." ]

[ "salary", "consulting" ]

[ "How CVs in discipline with numerous co-authors are examined?", "In some disciplines such as theoretical physics, it is common to have tens (or even) hundreds of co-authors, probably because of the essential role of many people to run highly advanced facility.\n\nHow is the list of publications in these disciplines judged? For a faculty appointment, how does the search committee realize the scientific contribution of the applicant?" ]

[ "publications", "research-process", "cv", "faculty-application" ]

[ "What happens if I forget to add taxonomy topics when I submit my paper?", "I submitted a paper recently to an elsevier journal. During the submission, I forgot to add the taxonomy topics related to my manuscript. After I completed the submission, I received an email that the manuscript was received successfully. However, it has been 2 days and the manuscript status is still \"With Journal\". Is this because I forgot to add the taxonomy topics. If yes, what should I do to fix this. \n\nThanks in advance for your help ..." ]

[ "elsevier", "paper-submission" ]

[ "Is a professor who's never had to write a grant application disadvantaged in the job market?", "As I understand it, today's professors spend a large amount of time writing grant applications, many of which fail. As a result, I'm thinking of endowing a professorship someday with enough funds to remove this part of the job description - effectively funding the professor for as long as they hold the professorship.\nOne thing I'm concerned about is that this would also be removing a critical part of the job. For example this job advertisement for a senior lecturer/associate professor explicitly asks for "A proven record of attracting external funding for research". In that case, the professor would never pass this requirement since they would have no experience at writing grant applications, let alone actually getting the funding.\nQuestion: is this a legitimate concern? If so, are there any obvious solutions? This should only matter if the professor leaves the professorship, and presumably that is not likely to happen, but I'd still rather the professorship not become a position which one can enter but not leave because it makes one uncompetitive on the market." ]

[ "funding", "professors" ]

[ "Pursued PhD under an advisor who did not know what to do. Now am stuck with future prospects", "I made a mistake 5 years ago. I changed my field from materials science to civil engineering. I did a PhD under a professor whose research expertise was not in my research topic. I had to independently work on my knowledge and skill set to become productive and produce research. But, due to lack of technical guidance, I produced mediocre research. My research is very novel and rigorous for my field of research, but the scope of getting a future position in the field seems bleak.\n\nI want to diversify to other area of research, but I don't possess the experience or knowledge to carry out the projects. I am getting rejections from all postdoc positions as I don't meet their requirements.\n\nI don't know what I should be doing now? My adviser doesn't have any connections in my research area. She just says to keep trying, and to not lose heart." ]

[ "phd", "postdocs" ]

[ "Is there any way to escape a terrible cumulative grade average?", "I am an undergrad student studying engineering at one of the top institutions in my country. Doing this degree was not my original plan and I came to it after I was unable to gain full financial funding to study at a prestigious music college overseas in the United States which I got into on a partial scholarship. Regrettably I entered this degree with the mentality that because this was not what I had originally wanted to do it didn't matter if I achieved highly or whether I just passed. I was there to get the certificate. I have what I consider to be a very poor academic record due to bad study habits which have led to me having to do several rewrites of exams despite walking in with decent predicates. At my university when a student does a rewrite the final mark is capped at 50% (We work in percentages and not GPA like in America) and so my academic record is littered with these 50% results for modules. \n\nI am nearing the end of my undergraduate career and sadly only now after having failed a module for the first time last year have realised that a little bit of hard work before exams can actually produce really great results, and that I am capable of doing so when I set my mind to it. In the past year I've become more interested in my field of study and in my own free time have made considerable progress learning a particular foreign language. I recently found a postgraduate scholarship to study overseas in the country where this language is spoken. I think I would stand a good chance of getting it however the minimum requirement for application is 65% in previous studies. Masters programmes in my own country also require this 65% average in past studies. My average currently sits at 59% (equivalent an E in the US) and I have worked out based on my remaining modules that for all practical purposes it will be impossible for me to raise my cumulative average to 65%. In fact even if I get distinctions for all remaining modules I can at most raise my average to 61% (equivalent C in the US). \n\nI know my abilities and that I have many fantastic qualities that would be desirable in a postgraduate environment however I feel that I've now somewhat shot myself in the foot for future studies due to very poor choices in my past. I feel like if anyone looks at my academic record they will only see my potential based on that cumulative average. Is there any way to escape a terrible cumulative average and to continue down a more academic path?" ]

[ "grades" ]

[ "As someone outside academia, how can I get my math paper peer reviewed?", "I have written a math paper and I think/hope it is ready for peer review. I am 40+ years removed from academia and have no access to 'publications' but I have learned from my many re-writes and I have tried to follow the format of a sample "Journal.tex" from the Journal of the American Mathematical Society for my abstract, subject classification, and bibliography.\nI would like to have peer review of my work. How do I begin?" ]

[ "peer-review", "mathematics", "paper-submission", "independent-researcher" ]

[ "Does leaving a lab disqualify me from being a coauthor?", "Are there any standard rules by referring to which you can claim authorship? Or do the rules differ from lab to lab and depend on the PI?\n\nI have worked for almost two years in lab X on some project. After that I joined lab Y. After that the PI from lab X drafted a manuscript (based, in part, on my work) and submitted it for publication. When I inquired about my major role in that paper, they told me that \"since you have left this lab, you cannot claim authorship\"... Does this happen in every lab? \n\nWhat is the ethically right approach in such situation?\n\nEdited\n\nI was involved in data analysis along with the first author of the manuscript. I agree that manuscript drafting and writing is major task for claiming an authorship.. But I was not even invited for it.." ]

[ "ethics", "postdocs", "authorship" ]

[ "Should the PhD supervisor's name be first in a scientific journal?", "I am a self funded PhD student and have been told by my supervisor that her name should be first on any future journal I will be publishing during my studies under her supervision as \"this is the only thing she gets from her PhD students\".\n\nI am just wondering if the ordering of author names matter? She is going to help me only by proof writing my article. All research will be done by myself. \n\nIs she legally allowed to say it? Should I accept it?" ]

[ "publications", "journals", "ethics", "advisor", "authorship" ]

[ "Finding a research internship with little prior experience", "I am a second year physics major student and I know for sure that I want to stay in academia and become a scientist, so I have started to search for research internships(abroad) and do research with my profs at my university (in Kazakhstan). \n\nHowever, in the application there are documents like a description of your research or computational experience, which I don't have, except for my classes as Programming I and one year of research work with an engineering professor with no result. I can ask for a recommendation letter from this professor and that's it, but regarding computational work and research I can say only that I know C++. \n\nSince doing that research work I realised that I don't really like engineering and want to pursue theoretical physics, Where I don't have any experience except for studying general relativity under the mentorship of one professor. Due to wasting a year studying engineering, my GPA is 3.38.\n\nHow can I improve my situation and make my candidate for research internships(in the US/Canada) more attractive?" ]

[ "research-process", "research-undergraduate", "internship" ]

[ "References must be cited vs. need not be cited", "In reviewing publishing guidelines prior to submission to a journal, it is listed that \"References need not be cited in text.\" This is also listed in the style guide for the associated professional society. \n\nWhile simultaneously, the Elsevier guide for authors states \"Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa).\" Likewise, a previous question asked on this board received almost unilateral support for the one citation, one reference style.\n\nMy question is what purposes would there be for allowing uncited references?\n\nOr alternatively, could someone clarify what is meant by \"References need not be cited in text.\"\n\nEdit to clarify: My interpretation of \"References need not be cited in text\" is that it is allowable to include a reference in the reference section of a manuscript without citing this reference in the text of the same manuscript." ]

[ "publications", "citations", "writing-style", "citation-style" ]

[ "Is it possible to get a PhD through government/industry/military lab, and if it is, what is the process?", "Is it possible to apply for a PhD through a government or a military research laboratory?\n\nIf so what would be the process? Is the qualifying exam required? How is that scheduled? How about course work?" ]

[ "phd", "research-process", "industry", "government-institutes" ]

[ "Is 14/20 a good grade on master studies in France?", "When I asked my professor why Is my grade so low, he told me that it is a good grade. Maybe he didn't want to make me sad? In my country 14/20 is just \"not being dumb\" grade. \nI am an international student and study on one of the best universities in France." ]

[ "grades", "france" ]

[ "How to deal with bad smelling (smoking) co-student", "For a graduate project I need to work together with a fellow student who smokes a lot (every time we take a break); the smell is really strong and actually distracts from the work at times. Some days we work from about 8am to 6pm together, which is quite a long time.\n\nI'm not sure how to approach him about it, you can't really forbid someone to smoke, of course. Surely not for the duration of a whole day (I doubt someone who is addicted to it can go without for that long anyway). In a workplace setting, as ff524 mentioned, I might go to a manager, etc, but that is not always an option in academia. \n\nIn addition, I'm quite sure that he's unaware of this.." ]

[ "collaboration", "students", "interpersonal-issues" ]

[ "Regarding Phd in distance learning mode", "I hold a bachelors in Engineering from an Indian university and have six years of work experience in the software industry. Is there any foreign university that offers a PhD related to finance in distance learning mode?" ]

[ "phd", "distance-learning" ]

[ "At the various levels of a post-graduate career, how much freedom of research will I have?", "I'm an undergrad who is planning on a career in academia. At the various levels (graduate, postdoc, professorship) how much freedom will I have to research whatever I want?" ]

[ "research-process" ]

[ "Quit a PhD program and transfer to another?", "I am currently enrolled in a PhD program in electrical engineering in Europe since 1 year up to now. I am not absolutely satisfied by the outcome of this year and the environment inside the institute. I really think I am wasting time here (my research is meaningless, changing topic time to time according to the willing of my supervisor) and my supervisor is not interested anymore in my research topic. Thus, I was thinking about quitting and transfer to another university. \n\nHowever, I am worried about the references/recommendation letters, since if I quit I don´t think I can ask for recommendation letters from my current situation. Moreover, I am worried that other research groups would not accept me, because they may think that I am low on perseverance.\n\nIs it an uncommon situation? What do you suggest to do? \n\nThanks for any help," ]

[ "phd", "research-process", "recommendation-letter", "academic-life", "quitting" ]

[ "Is it legit to change from one university to another?", "Currently am doing my first year in bcom (accounting). I enrolled with a certain university earlier this year did my first semester and wrote my first semester examinations, but because of financial problems my faculty administrator did not register me for my second semester modules.\nTherefore I would like to know if I could get funding next year will I be able to register with a different university?" ]

[ "funding", "transfer-student" ]

[ "How do I handle a mistake in a mathematical proof that does not invalidate the main conclusion of our paper?", "I recently found a mistake in a mathematical proof of a result I published in 2016. In a nutshell, a subtle error led me to claim that two conditions were equivalent. Unfortunately one of the two implications is not true. Luckily, the main result of our paper relies only on the correct implication so the main conclusion of the paper is correct. How should I handle this?" ]

[ "mathematics", "errors-erratum" ]

[ "Post-doc application: references not requested?", "I have seen that some post-doc ads (in the US) do not explicitly ask for contact details of references. This is more or less common on LinkedIn, even for academic post-docs. \n\nIs it ok to not provide those contact details initially, and just send a cover letter with the standard \"please do not hesitate to contact me for additional information\"? Or will it harm the application?" ]

[ "application", "postdocs", "application-cover-letter" ]

[ "IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems Review Process", "I submitted a journal paper to IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology on June 12th. Today, after 40 days, I checked its status and it went from \"In Peer Review\" to \"Awaiting Recommendation\". What does \"Awaiting Recommendation\" mean? Also, Considering that it usually takes the review process about 100 days to finish, should I expect the manuscript to be rejected?\n\nThanks" ]

[ "peer-review", "ieee" ]

[ "Does journal access significantly influence choice in which journal to publish in?", "The University of California has been out of contract with Elsevier this year following disputes on higher costs and reduced rights to a number of journals.\n\nMy lab has published numerous papers in various Elsevier journals, many of which are highly considered in their respective fields, but my principal investigator has opted for other journals following the breakdown of the contract. I am a proponent of open-access, but I am wondering whether journal access has influenced your decision to publish in specific journals. I am also interested in the rationales for continuing to publish in closed access journals vs. other journals. \n\nI could see the number of citations and h-indices being factors that heavily influence the decision." ]

[ "publications", "journals", "paper-submission", "open-access", "elsevier" ]

[ "Normal length of time taken to arrive at a phd admission decision?", "I would like to know, if possible, how long it takes on the average to reach a first admission decision for doctoral programs?\n\nLet us say a doctoral program promises to inform the applicants of the outcome three months after the deadline for submitting application packages. Does this really mean that to reach a decision requires exactly three months?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "application" ]

[ "Best practices to teach while wearing a mask", "The title of the question pretty much says it all: starting Fall 2020, my university should resume face-to-face classes, requiring that\n\nall faculty, staff, students, and visitors […] wear an appropriate face covering while inside campus facilities/buildings where six feet social distancing may not always be possible\n\nAssuming that social distancing will not be possible while I'm teaching at the white board (we may have to use the first row, which is fairly close to the white board), what are the best practices to teach while wearing a mask?\nMy main concern is my voice may be muffled, but there may be other issues that I've overlooked." ]

[ "teaching", "presentation", "covid-19" ]

[ "What's the difference between a degree in Mathematics and in Mathematical Sciences?", "I'm considering degrees (in England) and I noticed that Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences are separate. What is the difference? Is it the case that one subject is a sub-subject of another? Would either have no advantages to studying over the other?" ]

[ "mathematics", "university", "degree" ]

[ "How to test students in computer science lecture?", "Preliminaries\n\nI am giving my first lecture at university. The topic is about Big Data and takes 40 hours (1 hour = 60 minutes). I am wondering how to test the students. I am at this university for the first time and I have no idea how full the student's schedule is and how good they are. I am also not sure how many students I will have, but I think it should be between 20 to 30. I think they are going to be at the end of their Bachelor / beginning of Master.\n\nOptions\n\nI see three options:\n\n1. written exam\n\nIt's the least amount of work for the students (only learning) - which might be a good thing if their schedule is very full.\n\nDisadvantages: They learn the least I think.\n\n2. presentation\n\nI'd let the students present a topic - probably a software technology that wasn't part of my lecture so far.\n\nAdvantages are that\n\n\nthey learn more,\nthey learn research technologies (I've been working in the industry for a while and researching how technologies work is an important part of the work in this area, so it's a real-live skill in itself).\n\n\nDisadvantages are\n\n\nthat it might get difficult for me to judge their effort in terms of grades,\nit might take quite some time for them to prepare (issue if their schedules are really full),\nthey might not be able to find good information and might not have the skills to put the information into a good presentation.\n\n\n3. project\n\nI'd have them do a small software project.\n\nAdvantages are that they would gain practical experience.\n\nDisadvantages might be that\n\n\nthese take quite a lot of time,\nit might get difficult for me to judge their effort in terms of grades,\nthe projects might fail if they are not proficient enough, which might be rather frustrating.\n\n\nQuestion(s)\n\nI tend to take either 2 or 3 since - back in the day - I learned most from those and little from tests. However I fear that those might fail, because the students don't have the time or skills to excel in those.\n\nFor 2 and 3 I would put the students into groups.\n\nI might be able to decide after the first week of lecture, but not just before the course ends.\n\nGoing out to fellow professors, lecturers etc.:\n\n\nWhat are your experiences? What options would you suggest? What do I have to consider?\nIf I'd take 2 or 3: How many students should a group have approximately (minimum, maximum)?\nCan I simply ask them how they would like to get tested?" ]

[ "computer-science", "exams", "course-design" ]

[ "Are my responsibilities as a lecturer the same as a teacher at school?", "I am employed at an university in my country. I am teaching the statistic. The rule of the students is to spoon feed. That is, they expect the lecturer to care about them as if they are at high-school. I told my dean that this is not my role. They said that I need to ask the students to solve the questions on the board. Also, to ask the students many times about the new subject. I told them that as I lecture, I give the new class, asking some questions. The students must prepare for their tutorials. They must work with me, then, at the end I would help them with the common difficulties they face. \n\nThe dean disagreed with me and said that that is a very bad way of teaching. \n\nMy question is, is my responsibility similar to the one of a high-school teacher? Please give me advice." ]

[ "teaching", "lecture-teaching-method" ]

[ "Using company names in research papers?", "I'm doing a study about soft drinks showing their effects on a certain group of people. I'm using brand names like Coca Cola, Pepsi, etc. and I wonder if I can use the names in the research paper and I if it can be published in journals." ]

[ "publications", "research-process", "ethics", "writing", "legal-issues" ]

[ "Transferring PhD programs after leaving a PhD due to medical issues", "Let's say that I was given unacceptable conditions for returning from medical leave; basically I had to self-fund at least the following year of a physics PhD. Knowing that doing so would result in a financial disaster, I am definitely withdrawing from the program, with the understanding that, if I still wanted to earn a PhD at some point, I would have to transfer.\n\nI could always mention, in an addendum (if there is space for one), medical problems, going to medical services, such as a physician (on-campus and later off-campus) on a regular basis for 75% of the only semester I ended up attending, and leaving school to take better care of myself. (I feel I did what was right from a medical standpoint) But when there is no space for an addendum in an application, I was advised to just drop a line about \"personal problems\" or \"extenuating circumstances\" (now resolved) and I am excited to do research again.\n\nAnd also, I have two publications on file by now, whereas I had none when I applied to PhD programs the first time around (2015 cycle). Because I do not feel my GRE scores were an issue, I do not feel the need to re-take the GRE, general or physics, since they are still valid. But TOEFL, on the other hand, I would have to retake because the scores are no longer valid.\n\nP.S.: I never had Ws before that particular semester, but still somehow ended up with 3.80 for what coursework I still managed to complete. If you need more information about my file or anything else, please, let me know.\n\nHow will an early departure from a PhD program (in its early stages) due to medical reasons affect future PhD applications?" ]

[ "phd", "transfer-student" ]

[ "Reasons to publish in a \"Letters\" journal?", "I am a researcher in computer science. I have seen few research papers in a journal called Information Processing Letters, which seems to cover a very broad subject area. I am not getting what distinguishes such a journal from other journals in the area of computer science. Why would somebody publish in such a letter journal?" ]

[ "journals" ]

[ "Finishing incomplete degree after a decade to switch to industry", "I'm considering the possibility of completing a degree from which I dropped out almost a decade ago. In part because I feel I should, in part because I think it could be useful for switching to industry.\n\nContext\n\nStarted a degree in Engineering in a non-US university with traditional system of long degree programs(five to six years), roughly equivalent to B.Sc.+M.Sc.\nI dropped out from the Engineering degree to pursue a career in Physics, which I did to some extent. I'll be finishing a Ph.D. this year with published work, good academic records, TA experience and all the usual academic stuff.\n\nEven though I don't regret having switched from Engineering to Physics, I have decided that I want to pursue a career in the industry and not in the academy. However, I'd like to keep in contact with the academic world through a part time position as a professor.\n\nI'm 29 years old. Almost no real world work experience, apart from a short internship some years ago.\n\nQuestions\n\nIs it advisable to finish the degree in Engineering? I still have all the credits previously earned. I'd take me a year and a half studying full time or three years doing it part time.\n\nAsuming I finish the degree in Engineering, how should I present it in a CV? Just the graduation date? The entire time span from starting date to finishing date like \"from 2008 to 2020\"? The time spans of the two phases like \"from 2008 to 2011 and from 2019 to 2020\"?\n\nIn the event of having a good postdoctoral opportunity with connections to the industry and real world applications, should I take it or should I start working in the private sector as soon as possible?" ]

[ "career-path", "industry", "second-degree" ]

[ "How do we identify a Scientist as Early-career scientist?", "I am currently a graduate student and a member of an organization in my field. In my organization, there is this Early-career group composed of young scientists who already earned their Ph.D.'s, taking post-docs, and running their own research groups. In the case of graduate students, does early-career or the term applicable? and what is the difference between the terms early-career scientist, a budding scientist, young-scientist?" ]

[ "phd", "postdocs", "academic-life", "early-career" ]

[ "How to know whether references, tables, and figures are included in journal word limits?", "Whenever a journal asks for "Articles should be limited to 3500 words + 5 figures/tables", do they mean the texts in the tables and figures will not be counted in the 3500 words limit?\nAlso, will the reference section be included in this word limit? Or, it just means only the Abstract, key-words, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections will be bound to 3500 words limit?" ]

[ "publications", "online-publication" ]

[ "How should I describe a result from a submitted paper such that the reviewers can do their work?", "A month ago, I submitted a paper to a prestigious journal. In that paper, we proposed a general method (method A), and we proposed a set of methods for doing some work based on this method A. I now have to work on another paper, which relies on method A, which I will be submitting to a less prestigious journal. Since I need this paper to graduate (I am a PhD student), I can't wait for the first one to be accepted before submitting the second one.\n\nI didn't find any policy regarding referencing a submitted paper in the second journal (from Elsevier). \n\nIs it a good idea to very briefly describe the method A in the second journal paper and also reference it as a submitted paper? Method A has some proofs which I will not restate in the second paper. \n\nThis way, the reviewers will be able to do their work. Note that it is very important that I don't want to hurt the chance of acceptance of the first paper or my reputation in any way. \n\nIn other words, how can I describe a result from a submitted paper so that the reviewers can do their work?\n\nWhat would you suggest for someone like me who has to submit another paper (for faster graduation) in this situation?" ]

[ "publications", "paper-submission" ]