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[ "Is it possible to write and defend a dissertation on work for a private company?", "I am in an oddball situation where I have amassed a number credits beyond a masters at University in the US. I am currently working in a research setting, but I am aware that without the PhD by career ceiling is somewhat low. I do not want to leave and go back full time because I like my job and I want to stay in industry anyway. \n\nHypothetically, assuming no IP issues, is it possible to write a thesis on a private work related topic? I would be returning to the same school that gave me the masters degree and I would self fund, but I am curious to know if I would face a lot of friction if I asked. The research topic is not a core strength for the department but I just need to affiliation etc... I work with all PhDs from respected institution, who would be pseudo advisers. Getting a PhD on my day to day work would be advantageous since I already have a sound background and I know my degree would be marketable." ]

[ "phd", "thesis", "advisor", "industry" ]

[ "Should a colleague receive authorship for identifying a research gap and reviewing a manuscript?", "A colleague of mine identified a research gap / problem and reviewed a manuscript of mine addressing said problem. Otherwise, he/she had no other contribution to the conceptualization and execution of the solution and to the writing of the paper. \n\nDoes he/she deserve authorship? I don't believe so but I have acknowledged his/her contributions in the acknowledgements section. If this is not standard practice in science, I am more than happy to include his/her name in the list of authors." ]

[ "publications", "authorship" ]

[ "Should I leave out bad undergraduate research experiences?", "I am a mathematics and physics double major student entering my third year. Over this summer and the previous semester I have been working with a research group in physics writing simulation code. But I have been taking an incredibly long time to finish writing this objectively simple code that I have become very dissatisfied and pessimistic about my future in physics. I have been thinking about applying to graduate school in mathematics instead but I wonder: Would it even help to list this in my graduate school applications? I've spent a lot of time on this project yet I have near nothing to show for it. No publications or even interesting results. My code isn't done yet! Should I bother asking for a letter of recommendation from my PI knowing I did a terrible job at it? I have good grades but I do not know anyone who I believe will give me a strong letter of recommendation, which I know is crucial to admissions." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "research-undergraduate" ]

[ "Accepted by European university, rejected by all American ones I applied to? Possible reasons?", "I've been wondering this for a while.\n\nI'm currently doing the first year of my PhD in Frankfurt. Originally from New Zealand.\n\nI'm not complaining about my situation but if anyone asks me I'll honestly say I would have preferred an English-speaking country.\n\nI'd actually applied to about 9 PhD programs in the US and all rejected me. Yet I was accepted to a (supposedly far more competitive) fully funded European PhD, and rather quickly - accepted late last year and already working now.\n\nIt has me wonder. I had very strong letters of recommendation from professors that are well known in my field. I had also published a paper (which has now been cited in Nature) out of the fruits of my research Master's.\n\nMy GPA is about 2.8-2.9 by US standards (hard to convert, my school was a \"we grade harshly, rarely give out As and we'll make you sweat for a B\" style system). Professors at home told me my grades were irrelevant with the strong letters.\n\nPeople say that I was likely discounted because I had a research master's already and I'd probably see doing more course load as beneath me? That doesn't seem to hold water.\n\nI really don't know. Any thoughts?" ]

[ "phd", "application" ]

[ "What to do when you find someone else is working on the same masters research", "You've been hard at work for lets say a year on your masters research and you then discover that someone else has been doing the same research as you have. (Let’s assume it’s a coincidence that the same research is done). What do you do in that case? Should you hurry and and get to the “winning line” ASAP? Should you or the other person change their research proposal?" ]

[ "research-process", "masters" ]

[ "Can you still do a postdoc if you definitely don't want to become a professor? Will your advisor think less of you for doing so?", "I'm a senior grad student struggling with existential angst. I'm fed up with my advisor, to the point of fantasizing about quitting my PhD. I likely don't want to become a professor. But at the same time, I still love my field of study (in the biosciences), I like research, and I have a postdoc lined up starting next year at a great institution working on a project that I am really excited about. Also, due to conflicts with my advisor, I am really worried I won't be able to graduate in time to take this postdoc job. My questions are:\n\n\nIs it still worth doing a postdoc? Another way of asking is: have other people set out to do postdocs with the clear intention of not becoming a professor? I don't mind the low pay and I'm excited about the topic, so my guess is yes... but I'm worried it might hurt my chances of getting a job in industry or elsewhere afterwards (not sure what I do want to do instead though).\nWould it be a terrible idea to TELL my current advisor that I don't want a career in academia in the long run, but still want to do a postdoc? I feel that it might help with the current impossible standards he/she is holding me to, and hence speed up graduation. But, I'm worried that both my current and postdoc advisor will assume it means I won't take science as seriously, and hence won't do a good job as a postdoc." ]

[ "advisor", "postdocs", "professors" ]

[ "Giving up before even starting: life without a PhD", "I am currently a Master student working on my thesis (started a few days ago). I've always wanted to become a researcher (thus getting a PhD) but a few months ago I started doubting about this decision and about my potential. Now that I'm working on my thesis, this feeling is getting just stronger and stronger. I thus came to the conclusion that I'm most probably just a mediocre researcher that would most probably be able to get accepted into a barely mediocre graduate school (I'm in Europe), even if my grades are quite strong. At this point there isn't much I can do, like getting a degree that would lead me more easily to getting a job in Industry, so I'm quite worried about my future and I lost all my motivation.\n\nSo, my question is: how likely it is, for a mediocre (Master) student and if we don't consider getting a PhD, to be able to get a job in Industry (like R&D department) in fields like data science or bioinformatics? If you will: what's the point of producing mediocre (research) results?\n\nI read a lot of questions on this community about people in the middle of their PhD having similar doubts, but in this case I haven't even started it, so probably it's not a duplicate question." ]

[ "phd", "industry", "motivation" ]

[ "Self studying and letters of recommendations", "I got the following response from a mathematics professor at UT Austin:\n\n\n Gaining admission is more about the positive things in your file\n than about checking all the right boxes. If you haven't taken all of the\n standard courses, but have learned it all on your own, that's OK. However,\n there has to be a very good reason why you're better than another\n applicant who HAS taken all of the standard courses. Your letter-writers\n have to make a convincing argument that there is something very, very\n special about you. If your physics professors are better able to present\n these arguments than you math professors, then it's OK to have most of\n your letters come from physicists. But those letters have to be very, very\n good.\n\n\nMy situation is such that since I am not a mathematics major, I haven't done a lot of standard math courses, which I intend to/or have studied on my own. Clearly, I need to win the graduate admissions committee's over by making sure my letter writers write good letters for me.\n\nMy question is:\n\n\n Generally, what can students like myself do to make sure they get the best possible letters from their professors? That is, how should one structure the self study plan to ensure maximum possible output and in return, the best possible letter from an instructor. More so, I'm not sure what qualifies as a \"very, very special letter.\" What makes a letter \"special?\" More so, how can students like myself make sure that they are able to get such letters." ]

[ "graduate-admissions" ]

[ "Why did most US Universities switch to semesters", "I recently meet someone attended a US school still using the quarter system.\nI've heard several theories, the most popular being that the semester system is easier for university to administrate. I've also heard it is so the university breaks will line up better with K-12 school break schedule.\n\nNo one has ever explained to me why semesters or more efficient, or more family friendly. I only know 1 person educated with the quarter system in the last 10 years. Is there a reason most US universities adopted semesters?" ]

[ "united-states", "academic-history" ]

[ "Semi-solicited motivation letter for professorship", "I would like to be promoted to a full professor (who wouldn't?!). I have a competitive track record, publication index, and, above all, demonstrated capacity to bring in Big Money. I know my little department will soon recruit for a professorship. Plus, the Dean himself, over drinks at a faculty meeting, invited me to motivate my candidature, when I semi-jokingly suggested that I should be promoted. Keep in mind I'm now only Asst. Prof.\n\nSo, let's say I want to motivate my professorship. I figure the best way to do is to write a report in which I succinctly outline my most important accomplishments. \n\nMy question for you is: Is there any precedent for such a document like the one I describe in the previous paragraph? Even in other university systems. I'd like to emulate an official format to make this look serious." ]

[ "etiquette", "professors", "self-promotion", "promotion" ]

[ "Do I need to cite the source every time I paraphrase in this particular project paper?", "This is my first question in this forum and although I have gained a lot of information about proper citation from the web, I am still confused in this case. We are assigned a task by college to make a study from resources available online on a particular topic and prepare a project.\nNow, I know the fact that I need to cite everytime I use someone else's idea. But this project work has to be prepared in this order: Title, Abstract,\nKeywords, Introduction, Review of Literature, Methodology, Results, Discussion, Conclusion,\nAcknowledgement, References. This basically means that none of the work is our own and we need to study e-resources available and complete the task at hand.\nWhat I am confused about is the particular heading called Review of Literature. I think that what we are going to write is entirely some sort of review of literature of others work since we've done nothing on our own. So, after making a thorough study of the papers available online, I paraphrased and put proper intext citations as well. Basically, methodology and results are also paraphrased from others work and as such I have put in-text citations not only in case of Review of Literature but also also in Results and Methodology.\nSo, I want to know whether I am doing it in the proper way or not?\nThis means, do I really need to provide in-text citations in this particular case in every part of the document if it is someone else's idea?\nSample:\n\nREVIEW OF LITERATURE:\nThe study made by Gautret et al. (2020) notes that hydroxychloroquine (an analogue of chloroquine) has been already demonstrated to have an anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in vitro. Moreover, hydroxychloroquine’s clinical safety profile is better than chloroquine during long term use and also allows higher daily doses and interaction with other drugs is less as well (Gautret et al., 2020).\n\nI have written the Results like this, but I think I've put too much in-text citation here:\n\nResults: Patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (6 out of which received supervised doses of azithromychin as well for initial five days) were aged an average of 51.7 years (~14 years older than mean age of control patients) but not much difference was seen between two groups regarding “gender, clinical status and duration of symptoms” (Gautret et al., 2020).\nAs time passed, the study showed notable results and the percentage of patients showing negative PCR test of their swab samples at “days 3-4-5 and 6” during study period showed remarkable differences compared to “controls” when 70% of hydroxychloroquine treated patients were “virologically cured” but only a meager 12.5% of the other group achieved this feat (Gautret et al., 2020).\n\nSo, this brings me back all way round to the same question: Do I need to cite each and everything which is not my own idea? And is the approach that I am taking correct?\nEdit:\nThis is what we are asked to do:\n\nThe Guidelines:" ]

[ "citations", "citation-style", "projects" ]

[ "Is it acceptable for paid online course to use quizzes and materials from elsewhere on the internet?", "This question is specifically about a high school course, but it should be applicable to any online course in general.\n\nI was taking a physics course online to skip it in school, those courses are really expensive, so I took the cheapest one that my school was allowing me to take, and it was understandably low quality. This much was ok and expected.\n\nWhat wasn't ok however, was that all the questions on the quizzes and exams were stolen from the internet. Every single question was taken from some school's \"Ch 3 Review Sheet\" or \"2008 XYZ High School Physics Final Exam\" etc. that was made public online.\n\nMy parents paid $500 for this course and the people didn't actually write anything themselves, and I'm pretty angry.\n\nSo my question is twofold:\n\n\nIs it ok for a course to do this?\nIf not, is there any official organization I can complain to." ]

[ "plagiarism", "online-learning" ]

[ "Which CV format should I use?", "I am applying to PhD programs this year. I want to know which CV format I should use:\nHere is something I found on pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/837036280728995057/\nHere is something I found on Harvard website: https://scholar.harvard.edu/chau/cv\nBasically, the one on pinterest is very detailed. the Harvard one is very short.\nIf I use the pinterest format it can be repetitive because I already describe my research experience in the SOP. My advisor told me to use the short format. However, I want to be sure so I want to hear your opinions.\nWhich format do you think is better?\nThank you all!\nEdit: I'm not asking for you to choose format for me, I just want to know whether it is better to write a long cv that describes every experience or a short cv that just lists some headlines." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "application", "cv", "statement-of-purpose" ]

[ "I publish under a one-word name, which Google Scholar does not index. What can I do?", "I publish under a single name (no last name). As Google Scholar does not recognise me as an author I face several issues with citation counts and wrong bibliographic data being available in Google Scholar. I have reported this issue several times through the contact us form for Scholar but I just get an automated response from them. What can I do?\nExample: When you search my name in scholar, my papers appear not because I am an author but because I am a word in the paper. Google does not index me as an author. So, if some one cites my work as Abhishta et. al. Google has no idea who is being cited.\nThis situation is a different from the questions that are asked before on this forum as the former questions were discussing problems that journals require multiple names for an author but in this case, the publisher is fine with having a single name and the paper is already published. However there are problems with Scholar indexing the data of the paper.\nFirst author indexed by Google as\nActual authors of the paper" ]

[ "citations", "authorship", "google-scholar", "personal-name" ]

[ "How do computer science admissions committees process GRE essays sent with the scores?", "I am currently studying for my GRE exam and I came across a book which states that GRE essays are sent with the official score reports. How does the admissions committee process these essays?\n\nI am applying for a PhD in computer science." ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "computer-science", "writing", "gre" ]

[ "PhD in Germany after Bachelors", "Recently I have received an offer for PhD studentship in Biology from a lab in Germany. I have completed my Bachelors degree and I have solid 2 years of research experience with 3 peer reviewed publications. Now to formally enroll as a PhD student they are asking me for Masters degree which I don't have. \n\nMy question is, is it possible to enroll without masters degree into PhD in Germany? I know that in US, UK Masters degree is not a pre-requisite for PhD. How about in Germany? Can't my research experience be accounted as qualification ?" ]

[ "phd", "masters", "undergraduate", "germany" ]

[ "In Australia, possibility of transfer from a fixed-term Lecturer to a continuing appointment", "Recently I got a position as a 3-year fixed-term lecturer at an Australia university. I wonder if there is any possibility to transfer to permanent position? Or I would have a better chance if I apply to an open continuing position after working there?" ]

[ "lecturer", "australia" ]

[ "Can a syllabus be adopted and modified?", "I have seen some few syllabuses online that look very similar. Is it fine to adopt any syllabus or instructors need to have their own syllabus? And do instructors need to get permission from the original syllabus writer or just link and acknowledgement?" ]

[ "teaching", "syllabus" ]

[ "Using second person in cover letter for a publication", "I'm writing a cover letter for a study discussing a particular cognitive phenomenon. I'd like to begin with directly inviting the editor to consider this phenomenon in his own daily experience. \n\nMy adviser believes that this is an unacceptable deviation from academic style.\n\nFresh writing or faux pas?" ]

[ "writing-style", "application-cover-letter" ]

[ "Pros and cons of teaching assistantship as a masters student intending to go on to industry job", "Background:\nIn the final year of my masters. Not seeking to apply for a PhD program in the future.\n\nSituation:\nI have a potential opportunity to TA a grad level course. Highly confused about taking it up. The opportunity is good however along with the 2 courses that I have to take for graduation, I also wanted to take up another extra course to gain new skills for use in the industry.\n\nIdeally I would want to do both - the extra course and also the TA work. However since I have not taken up a TA opportunity before, I fear balancing 3 courses + the TA work would be a potential overload. However once I leave grad school, I won't be able to have a TA opportunity nor will I be able to take the extra course that is offered here. The TA work would be around 15-20 hours per week. I also have to pay for the extra course I take up.\n\nAny ideas/suggestions would really help. Answers from an industry standpoint would really help." ]

[ "coursework", "industry", "teaching-assistant" ]

[ "Timely answers to academic e-mails and internet addiction", "After lots of struggles with the internet, almost overcoming an addiction to Facebook and a compulsive obsession to check my e-mail, I have finally reached an equilibrium that allows me to concentrate and be productive. My strategy is simple: I check and answer e-mails only three times a day: when I get to the lab in the morning, after lunch, and before leaving at night. \n\nDuring the rest of the day, I use the computer just for work (I’m a bioinformatician) and keep my e-mail locked with an app. At home, I fully disconnect from my computer. Also, I don’t have a smartphone. I know this strategy seems a bit extreme these days when most people is connected 24/7, but it’s the only way I found to control myself and get my things done. I have the impression that everybody (especially in bioinformatics and including my PI) assumes I’m catching up with my e-mail almost instantly (for real, it isn’t rare to get answers from coworkers in matter of seconds). \n\nFor instance, one day my PI came kind of angry to my desk asking why I hadn’t gone to his office (or cancelled) if he had sent me and e-mail asking me to. Of course, the message had been sent but I hadn’t checked the e-mail. The follow up message “Could you please answer my previous e-mail?” isn’t uncommon in my inbox. So I’m starting to get worried that some people may get upset at me for being a late responder, especially people outside my lab, but at the same time I have to level out my internet usage to keep my addiction tamed. \n\nIn that context, I would like to known what is considered a timely response to an academic e-mail? If I can’t use my e-mail all the time, what strategies to use so I don’t miss crucial information? Should I let my PI and coworkers know about my previous problems with the internet?" ]

[ "etiquette", "email" ]

[ "Sharing set of exercises in a textbook (the morally right way?)", "This is possibly a more general question about copyright, but I think I can specify this question into question about teaching, especially on STEM subjects. I don't know exactly whether I should post this on academia SE or matheducator SE.\n\nSo, I have a printed version of a Calculus textbook (English). I teach Calculus not strictly following this book and have other delivery methods too (as all instructors should), but it helps me a lot to guide me in some cases. We as instructors also are told to tell students which references are used in this course, but DEFINITELY not to tell them (and better tell them not to) to pirate the ebook version of those references.\n\nHowever, many students of mine admit that they do not know where to access the materials easily, other than using notes from me, and going to/borrowing from the library (which has limited stock here) and of course pirating (via downloading or copying). Those who only use my notes usually only repeat examples in the notes without doing much exercises as very few are given, as I expect them, and tell them, to find your own sources of exercises besides some that I gave, such as googling notes, libs, etc, legally.\n\nWhile I cannot pretend that \"Hey, I did not tell them to download, so it is not my fault if they do. Sorry, dear author!\" since that's just morally wrong, I was thinking that maybe I can help them some way. I think that, at least, they have access to try problems and exercising, since I always make sure my notes cover all the needed materials, but still very much doubt that I have to quote some MORE exercises from the book. And then my question comes in..\n\n\nWould it be that bad to just share them MORE exercises in the Calculus book that I have? Like putting them in my notes too, but instead of just 5 each lecture, I give them 20 that are based on the book. Significantly more problems as long as they do not repeat the just the same 5 problems or so.\nIf you ask me how I share it other than putting them in notes, well, can I just take a picture of few pages containing the intended exercises and share them through a messenger app (not through official site of course)? If that's a no, can I just rewrite/retype them again? This way, of course I will make sure that the exercises are taken from mentioned sources. Also, we are not english natives, so what about translating these exercises while typing them?\n\"Why don't you make your own set of exercises?\" This seems to be the ideal approach, but I bought the Calculus book so that I could also show it to anyone near me..and quote some exercises. Also, I don't think making my own set of exercises is that easy, since it takes months to make variations (not just changing numbers/function) for one course WITHOUT reading from many other sources. Besides, these sold out books are to help me, meaning I can use the help to also help others, right? I use my own words to put the materials into the notes, but why should putting set of exercises into my own words also be a must? \n\n\nIf this is too wide, feel free to mark this." ]

[ "teaching", "copyright", "books", "tutoring" ]

[ "What are some uses for clickers/pollers?", "I've seen clickers/pollers/etc. used in classrooms for many things, such as evaluation and assessment and agile/contingent teaching. \n\nWhat other uses are there for clickers in the classroom? \n\nTo clarify: I'm looking for a list of constructive uses for classroom teaching." ]

[ "teaching", "lecture-teaching-method" ]

[ "How conceivable is it to research independently while working in a non-research role in industry, to improve my profile for graduate admissions?", "I'm toying with the idea of finishing my undergraduate degree and then entering industry for a short while. If I spent three years and earned enough, my thought is that I'd soften the burden on my parents of financing the sinewy road -- filled with costs and time -- I'm willing to take in earning a PhD. If I earned enough after three years, then I'd feel uninhibited, for example, in getting two masters, waiting another year to apply for a PhD if I were rejected the previous year from one, taking a year off to research and so forth.\n\nSpending a few years to earn money seems good, except that during these years, it's dubious whether I can work towards making myself a stronger graduate school applicant (most importantly, by doing more research). Also, any research done as an undergraduate would, I fear, go to waste. If I returned for a masters at my undergraduate institution directly after finishing my undergraduate, by contrast, I could continue whatever I was working on as an undergraduate.\n\nA possible remedy is to research on my own (or under a willing professor's supervision) while I work in industry? Have others tried out such plans? Are they generally advisable?\n\n\n\nPlease Note: My question is different from the suggested duplicate, because I ask about the possibility for a student (and not a PhD) to perform research on the side (after working hours) while working in a non-research role. The duplicate question resolves whether someone employed in some company's research division can also research themselves independently." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "independent-researcher", "time-off" ]

[ "My co-authors don't want to help get our manuscripts published anymore. What should I do?", "Recently I've had three different sets of co-authors give up on the publication process. Here are the three cases:\n\n\nPublication was rejected on the basis that additional work was needed, amounting to repeating all the experiments. One co-author has retired, another left academia, and a third just isn't interested in the field anymore (and has also left to work elsewhere). To do all of the work myself seems a little unreasonable if after all that I'm still 3rd author.\nPublication was desk rejected by multiple journals (5 so far) due to either being \"too theoretical\" or \"too applied\". The other authors wanted to just turn it into a tech report, but after I started reformatting it, they decided they didn't care if it got published anymore due to the multiple rejections and wanting to move on to other things. 2nd author left our organization recently.\nPublication has been written, but one of the authors refuses to move forward with the submission process because they are unsure if our conclusions are right. Unless we have a \"bullet proof\" (their words) interpretation of our results, we can't submit.\n\n\nI don't want to give up, but it's demotivating to have co-authors who don't care. Is it worth it to keep fighting these battles all by myself if they still benefit?" ]

[ "publications", "authorship", "collaboration", "motivation", "responsibilities" ]

[ "Transcripts required for application, but my school doesn't really have any", "I'm currently in the job market for tenure-track applications in mathematics. I have seen that some of the positions ask for undergraduate or graduate transcripts (both unofficial and official). \n\nI have an issue, especially with graduate transcripts: I obtained my Ph.D. in France, and I didn't had any coursework or anything, only my thesis. Thus there are no transcripts per se, only a certificate that I completed all the requirements. Would such a thing be enough for positions asking for transcripts?" ]

[ "mathematics", "application", "tenure-track", "transcript-of-records" ]

[ "Should I still apply for a phd if the PI can't confirm if he is able to fund?", "I have found a potential advisor that is keen on advising me for Phd and has offered to fund me. However, he isn't sure if he has sufficient funds and budget to do so (something he is still figuring out and things don't seem too hopeful). He has told me to proceed with the application nonetheless. \nShould I go ahead with the application and continue waiting on the news about the funds, knowing that there is a good possibility that there wont be sufficient funds? Or would it be better to turn down the offer early on and apply for jobs instead? \nI'm asking because I don't want to wait too long for something that might not work out, but the PI has gone through the trouble of working out plans to make things work and I feel really bad if I backed out now. Furthermore, I am really interested in the projects the group has to offer, and everyone in the lab were lovely. I've also heard many good things about the PI as a Phd advisor. So I was really looking forward to joining the lab. On the other hand, I feel that if I were to decline the offer, I should notify the PI as soon as possible so it saves the PI further time and trouble.\n\nThanks in advance for any advice!" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "application" ]

[ "Appropriate attire for a graduate school interview in the US", "I was invited to interview at several graduate schools this upcoming February. All of the programs are in the fields of biochemistry and biophysics. What is appropriate attire for graduate school interviews? One of the schools mentioned business casual. Does anyone have any good suggestions? I thought about wearing a sweater with an oxford underneath. However, I will also bring a sport coat just in case." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "etiquette", "united-states", "interview", "outward-appearance" ]

[ "How to build relationships with colleagues as new faculty member?", "I have just started a new job\nas an assistant professor in a tenure-track position.\n\n\nWhat are the most important things that I can do\nto build good working and social relationships with my colleagues?\nRelated to the above question, \nwhat are the tasks that require faculty members to work together,\nand how do I work well as a member of a team in such settings?\n\n\nBackground\nI felt that I did not do a good job\nin developing relationships with other students during my PhD years.\nI observed that other students seemed to go for lunch/coffee,\nhang out together, go out to a bar or for a movie,\nbut somehow I did not participate in such social activities.\nI hope that I do not make the same mistakes\nas I start my new job as a new faculty member.\n\nClarification\nin response to the question\nHow do we have to imagine that you did not participate in such social activities?\n\nI did take part in some department social events,\ne.g. a student retreat, student BBQs,\nthe intermural soccer team, open houses for prospective PhD students, etc.\nI didn't join people for coffee\nbecause it is not a habit for me to drink coffee.\nPerhaps I should have joined not for the coffee but for the company.\nAs the stress oh PhD piled up I became more insular\nbecause it takes energy for me to socialize with others\nand I wanted to conserve energy.\nNow that I look back,\nI feel that if I had spent a little more time with other people,\nI could find a happy medium where I am neither\ntoo exhausted being with other people (too much social interaction)\nnor feeling lonely (too little social interaction)." ]

[ "tenure-track", "colleagues" ]

[ "Submit manuscript to tier A conference or wait and submit to A* conference?", "Suppose you have a manuscript and you have just missed the deadline for an A* conference. Should I submit to the next tier A conference or wait until for the A* conference to come around again?\n\nI am in the computer science field, hence the emphasis on conferences, rather than journals." ]

[ "publications", "conference", "computer-science" ]

[ "Citing summaries of many sources", "I am working on a \"Handbook\" on a technical topic I am personally interested in and I also need for work. To back up statements and provide reputable sources I try to cite everything even though it will never be published. Now I do not know how to cite this properly.\n\nExample: I want to write about topic A. I have four books with multiple chapters that cover parts of topic A, as well as scripts from university, presentations and notes from seminars all around the same topic. Lots of them containing the same \"premise\" and common knowledge in the field. I now know quite a bit about this topic. I then write my own compact version of this topic A in my \"Handbook\".\n\nHow do I cite this? Normal \"According to…\" citing like in summaries does not work because every section is compiled of many sources. If I cite every source before or after every paragraph the thing becomes unreadable.\n\nIs it acceptable to write something like: \"Used in this chapter: Source1, Source2, etc.\" and when referencing to an specific statement or figure in a source using the full proper citation behind the statement or under the figure?\n\nI have a book that does this. It just lists sources according to chapters in the back of the book: \"Literature for chapter 1.8: Source1, Source2, Source3, etc.\" And cites only specific points in text.\n\nI didn’t find a suitable example for this case in the citation guides I have and hope someone can help me out here. Thank you for your time." ]

[ "publications", "citations", "citation-style" ]

[ "Is there anything that has been tried to stop publication shopping", "I find it very annoying as a reviewer when I get asked to review a paper several times as it gets submitted to different journals/conferences or, worse still, I help send it to the reject pile only to have it published elsewhere with my comments ignored. I definitely get the impression that a small minority of authors \"shop\" their papers around too much, which wastes a lot of the community's time. Often these papers are completely unpublishable, but sometimes it seems the authors are just going down some list until they reach the appropriate \"level\", rather than submitting appropriately in the first place.\n\nI often devise hypothetical schemes to prevent this. For example:\n\n\nRequire authors to pay to submit.\nRequire authors to disclose the submission history their article.\nHave journals/conferences publish a list of rejected articles.\nCalculate an acceptance ratio for authors, along the same lines as bibliometrics.\nSomehow publish rejected articles too, so that they cannot be published elsewhere. E.g., have a journal that accepts nearly 100% of submissions, but includes a review or rating with each article, so readers know which ones are the good articles.\n\n\nOf course, these are just wild ideas, many of which are impractical and would greatly annoy authors. \nI'm curious to know if any such schemes have actually been tried and, if so, whether they seem to have worked. Surely, in some far-flung corner of academia, one of these ideas has been tried.\n\nQuestion: Are there systems that have been tried by journals/conferences to disincentivize authors from submitting their articles to too many journals/conferences? If so, did they work?\n\nI am only aware of one experiment along these lines: ICLR - the International Conference on Learning Representations. All submissions and all reviews are made public and they stay online even if they were rejected. I don't know what effect this system has had. I would like to hear other examples and also know if there is any evidence regarding the effect of such policies." ]

[ "publications", "peer-review", "paper-submission" ]

[ "To enroll in to a PhD Program at the age of 65", "As a retired school teacher, and to become a professor at a university. Is it okay to get into a PhD program at the age of 65 and complete it to become a professor? Or is it too late and I can’t get employed at a university?" ]

[ "phd", "career-path", "age" ]

[ "Fee discounts for full time PhD Students; is this discriminatory?", "In computer science many conferences provide a fee discount for graduate students. This is ok, but many times these discounts are limited to full time PhD students, and not available for part time ones.\n\nNow, part time students many times are less lucky than full time ones, as often they don't have any scholarship, so ideally they have less resources than a full time student; so why these discounts are only for full time students? It would seem more natural the opposite.." ]

[ "conference" ]

[ "Appropriate to meet with prof. to discuss low quality exam", "I am in an MBA program and last week had a two part test for a marketing class. I was under the impression the first part was just analysis, essentially creating models and writing notes on trends so you can quickly and easily answer the questions on the test (take home, given 3 hours to complete during the regularly scheduled class time). \n\nThe first part was much more extensive and actually had 6 questions with 3 sub questions per question to answer and I would've liked to have spent 12-15 hours on it versus the 8 I allotted myself. Because of my poor planning, I produced incomplete work and the completed work was NOT up the quality I usually produce and expect of myself. I did email my professor to ask for a possible extension and explain my situation. He would take off 25% for turning it in the next day, I did not take this option as I felt I could do better than that turning it in by 11 pm that night. \n\nI am embarrassed and humbled. My professor is a very nice guy and a great teacher. \n\nWould it be appropriate to schedule a time to meet with him to discuss the quality of my exam and how I would have approached it differently?\n\nI am not looking for brownie points or extra credit or anything of the like. I just can't stop thinking about how I would have approached some of the questions differently. My ego took a hit and I'm essentially looking for redemption in a way." ]

[ "masters", "exams" ]

[ "Is it appropriate to ask a Professor to write a recommendation letter for applying to another university?", "I am currently studying at an university in Europe (undergraduate, first year)and would like to transfer (next year or in two years) to an university in UK. UCAS requires a reference to accompany your application.\n\nI have a very successful academic career, I have taken all exams of my year and also some of my next years, and have obtained the highest mark (\"cum laude\") in almost all of them. The reason for transferring, therefore, is to get into a more challenging university.\n\nIs it appropriate to ask a professor of my current university for a reference letter, given that it will be used as part of an application to another university?" ]

[ "recommendation-letter", "transfer-student" ]

[ "What are the best questions to ask a PI upon the first meeting to join some of his projects?", "I'm planning to see a professor today, in our department, he is the director of one of the labs there and a PI of a couple of projects. I knew that, he's looking for some student to join his project/s. I contacted him, he told that he's a couple of funding projects and make an appointment for me to see him. So, I'm thinking what are the best question that I may ask during this first meeting." ]

[ "research-process", "professors", "projects" ]

[ "What are the potential pitfalls of having a PhD in machine learning?", "This is a follow up question from this one. From what I read in that question I understood that in most cases the PhD is not a good idea to grow a good career in the industry. \n\nHowever I contacted two people in the industry who have PhDs in machine learning and data mining and they work in Amazon Germany as machine learning scientists or data miners. They told me almost any job in data mining or machine learning requires a PhD.\n\nMy question is: do the same pitfalls for other fields also apply for PhDs in machine learning and data mining? If not, then are there still other pitfalls?" ]

[ "phd", "machine-learning" ]

[ "Is an MLA citation needed for a broad description of a poem's theme?", "I'm trying to figure out whether I need to cite these poems or not.\n\n\n “Out, Out—” has its morbid description of a young boy bleeding out and\n its underlying theme of death. “Nothing Gold Can Stay” has its\n pessimistic theme that nothing beautiful can stay beautiful.\n\n\nI speak so generally that I\n\n\nHave no idea if it's ethical or not to exclude citation\nWhat I would cite were I to. Generally you cite poems by line numbers. If one were to cite a poem based on a description of its theme, doesn't that encompass the entire poem? This has more to do with the in-text citation part.\n\n\nThanks for any help" ]

[ "citations", "writing" ]

[ "Why do university campuses have glass blowing services?", "I noticed that my university has a glass blowing service in the same building as the chemistry precinct, supposedly to make the glassware for the chemistry labs. At first I thought this was kind of quirky and I chortled to myself, \"man, the chemistry students must break a lot of beakers.\"\n\nLater I toured a campus overseas and noticed that they too had a glass blower. A quick Google search showed that many institutions have similar facilities. Most of them sell their services too. It seems to be more academically-focused than I first thought; it would be incorrect to equate it with the janitorial service or the on-campus bakery, presumably.\n\nWhy glass blowing and not another craft? I'm curious as to what separates glass blowing from other crafts and manual arts that warrants it a dedicated department in an academic facility." ]

[ "university", "facilities-services" ]

[ "Is it appropriate for my professor to include gender offensive material that is unrelated to the class subject matter in the course notes?", "My accounting professor created a large binder full of notes for us to use instead of an actual textbook. He created it, and since he's the head of the accounting department at my university, he has implemented it into all of the accounting curricula. In this binder, there are news articles and random cartoons which are almost entirely unrelated to accounting. For example, there is a Calvin and Hobbes comic strip on almost every other page and the content of the strips are not in the least related to accounting. \n\nAn exam is coming up so I started studying from the beginning of the section and I happened across an unusual piece that was photocopied into the notes. This piece is the Italian telling of \"Sleeping Beauty\". No explanation or anything saying what it is; I was only able to figure out what it is because I was so offended by it (read further for an explanation of the offense) that I researched what it was, so I could maybe develop an understanding of why my professor would dare to include this in what he is teaching us. \n\nIf you are not familiar with the Italian (arguably the original) telling of this fairy tale, it is rather simple, and goes as follows: A young woman is drugged; she appears to be dead to her family so they leave her body in peace in a cabin that they seal up. One day a rich king comes across the cabin and breaks in; he sees the YOUNG woman and assumes she is asleep so he rapes her because she's so beautiful. This young woman eventually gives birth to twins and through a series of events they wake her from her drugged and practically dead state. Skipping some information I don't think is necessary, the young woman considers her rape and rapist blessings and is thankful for said horrific rape.\n\nNow, my question is that I want to know if this is acceptable? I was disgusted when I read it (while studying for an exam, mind you). I consider myself a feminist and as a woman myself, I found the story offensive in the extreme. I also feel that this is helping to perpetuate the belief that women should be thankful for their rapists because it is a compliment. Can my university (a state university) legally, ethically, and morally publish this to their students in a faculty made textbook? I want to take action but I am not sure if this is even allowed and do not want to make a fool of myself.\n\nUpdate (posted in comments):\n\nI have spoken with the professor who created this book (it is more of a textbook than lecture notes) and he admitted he was in the wrong for including this. He stated that he likes to include things unrelated to accounting in his book just because. There was no explanation about the story, no relating back to accounting or econ or anything." ]

[ "teaching", "ethics", "university", "gender" ]

[ "Does repeating a second course to bring my GPA up 0.05 points help or hurt for graduate admissions?", "So, I previously repeated an undergraduate course and I am graduating next semester with only two courses left to take. I recently realized that if I repeat another course from my first year, I can bring my GPA up from 3.85 to 3.90 and graduate summa cum laude, but I wonder if repeating too many courses for GPA (two in this case) would reflect badly, so is it worth it?" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "gpa" ]

[ "My PhD situation is giving me anxiety attacks. Is quitting (and losing 2 years) my only option?", "I am currently in my second year of my PhD and I am having a horrible time. I feel like I am not cut out for academia and I frequently have anxiety attacks. I would like to do something else, and if it was a normal job I would definitely start looking for another job.\n\nI'm worried I'll lose my reference (And he's a good reference to lose :() and I'm also feeling guilty. I have taken two years of funding and now I just want to leave unpublished? Ethically I feel terrible. \n\nThe trouble is it is massively affecting my mental health. I have had to seek help from the student services with this. I cry all the time. I've lost my motivation. I'd really like a job in the charity sector or in health education where I can help people and feel like I make a difference. \n\nThe trouble is I don't imagine quitting a PhD or considering leaving a PhD looks particularly great on a CV. I have so many reasons to leave and so many to stay. Any advice?" ]

[ "phd", "health", "quitting" ]

[ "How to deal with two students who potentially colluded when one is unavailable?", "We have two students in my department who handed in identical essays. As per our policy we scheduled independent meetings with both students to determine what happened. Going into these meetings our primary objective is to figure out which of the following 5 possibilities occurred:\n\n\nThe students worked jointly and wrote one essay\nOne student wrote the essay and knowingly allowed the other student to copy the essay\nOne student wrote the essay and the other student copied their essay without the first student's knowledge\nThe students worked independently and managed to write word for word identical essays (this seems unlikely)\nThe students independently copied the same source\n\n\nOne student is on medical leave and was therefore unable to attend the meeting. The student who attended the meeting showed us drafts of previous essays which have convinced us that neither (4) nor (5) occurred. Further, when we exclude the other student's essay, TurnItIn doesn't find anything of concern. We also are confident that the student who attended the meeting did not copy the essay from the other student. This leaves us with possibilities (1), (2), and (3).\n\nOur policy states that both students would be punished for academic misconducted if either (1) or (2) occurred and only the other student would be punished if (3) occurred. It seems without talking to the other student we cannot really come to a fair conclusion. Without a decision the student who attended the meeting will have neither passed or failed the class and therefore is not eligible to retake the class nor take any class which has the class in question as a prerequisite. It is unlikely the student on medical leave will be back in time to make a timely decision. How should we proceed?" ]

[ "plagiarism", "cheating" ]

[ "What's the meaning of Visiting Researcher / Ass. Professor?", "I want to know how actually (and on the basis of what) visiting researcher (for PhD students) or visiting Ass. Professor (for lecturers) opportunities are offered worldwide (especially for USA/Canada) ?\nThanks !" ]

[ "united-states", "terminology", "canada", "assistant-professor", "visiting" ]

[ "Citing oneself in PhD application documents: Good or bad?", "Some PhD applications I've gone through involved submitting a research proposal, statement of interests and/or a sample article review (e.g. of a specific, pre-determined article which has relevance to the position being applied for). Naturally, when writing proposals and critiquing people's work, I will naturally have my own (ideally similar) work as a reference to compare it to, naturally knowing my own work quite intimately. However, is explicitly referencing one's own work in such contexts a good idea or a bad one? For example:\n\n\n Review: McMahon et al. 2012. \"How to raise gerbils on Mars.\" Gerbil Fancy, vol. 14, no. 3.\n \n Reviewer McNotyetdoctorface\n \n Swiss Naval Academy\n \n Bern, Switzerland\n \n ...\n \n McMahon et al. reported poor results in estimating the nutrition requirements of gerbils in low-gravity environments. These results could have been improved by conditioning for effects of gerbil Earthsickness as witnessed by McNotyetdoctorface (2011) during his similar work on the moon.\n\n\nFor\n\nOne positive aspect of mentioning oneself which I could imagine is displaying the ability to create a \"narrative\" of one's own work over time and to relate it to other works in a constructive manner, and it also subtly \"shows off\" one's previous work to people who may have overlooked it or at least overlooked its relevance to the position at hand.\n\nAgainst\n\nOn the other hand, I'm not sure if PhD application materials are intended to be either \"anonymous\", \"unbiased\" or both: If they are anonymous, then no one will know that I am in fact Reviewer McNotyetdoctorface, so there would be little benefit. However, I obviously think my own work is fantastic, and so citing it in an application might backfire in that the people reading it may think: \"Well, he really likes tooting his own horn; Does he ever think that other people's work can be better than his?\"." ]

[ "phd", "citations", "application", "anonymity" ]

[ "Future prospects after Phd in Robotics from Australia?", "I am looking forward to having a Phd in Robotics from UNSW Australia. Currently, I am working as a robotics Engineer and was wondering what are the prospects in Australia after getting a doctorate. Is it a wise move to leave a stable job and go on to earn a doctorate or just stay in the field get experience and climb up the ladder. An answer from someone who has been through these stages would really help remove my confusion. Thanks" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-school" ]

[ "Concerns about the value of the research domain", "I am a PhD student in applied computer science methods, halfway through the program, and the question that is in the title is what have occupied my mind almost from the beginning of my study. I can't find much help from my supervisors, and this is putting the whole pursuit of my degree under question. \n\nI have read some literature in the domain of my research, and most of the time my critical thinking is not satisfied with what the authors have achieved in the end of their work. Somehow, the conclusions do not seem convincing to me. In my understanding, the idea of a scientific article is to be useful, but what I see in my field of applicational studies is that the articles suggest no real applications, rather some dull scientific examples, saying that it demonstrates its usefullness. Applicational studies should have real applications, not examples in a vacuum. \n\nAnd it is the same thing, if not worse, in almost all the articles. It gets worse if they start to overcomplicate things, adding one method on top of another to achieve no evident benefit at the end. For me, such research seems like they cannot find a good problem.\n\nIs it just an impression of a sceptic, or could it be that my subfield of research has reached the point where it has closed on itself? I mean, producing papers not to investigate real problems, but just to keep the field afloat, although it has no potential for anything innovative. \n\nI am just starting to doubt that research itself has some special value, as it seemed to me in my idealistic view when I just started my PhD. At this point, I am overwhelmed with the thought that the years that I am spending on my PhD eventually will result with a similar contribution: It will have no use or value. Maybe except to support my supervisor's career and add to the mess of the literature of my domain, where I already have sunk.\n\nSo my question for you is: What does motivate you or give you certitude that the things that you work on do have impact, and the work is worth working on?" ]

[ "phd", "motivation" ]

[ "How might I improve my math department as an undergrad?", "I am an undergraduate math major at a small state university in the US. Our math department has about 20 tenured/tenure-track faculty, including applied mathematicians and statisticians. We have only 3 current NSF grants, two in statistics and one in biomathematics. According to MathSciNet, only 4 of our faculty have published something this year. Additionally, our current department head mainly does applied interdisciplinary research, but I suppose it is not rare for math department heads to be in some kind of applied math field. To be fair, my university was founded less than 50 years ago, but I still want my department to become better.\n\nIs there anything I could do as an undergrad to help improve my department? It's hard to say exactly what would make my department \"better\", but to be somewhat vague, I would consider research productivity and funding to be important factors to improve on." ]

[ "research-process", "undergraduate", "mathematics", "funding" ]

[ "How to get the most benefit out of a teaching consultation?", "I have requested a teaching consultation from my university's Center for Teaching & Learning. First I'll meet with a couple of consultants, then they'll observe my regular class, and then they'll meet with me again to give me feedback on the classroom observation.\n\nI'm not a very experienced teacher, I don't really know what I'm doing right or wrong, so I don't know what to ask the consultants to focus on. Except for one or two things related to challenges I'm having with the particular class I'm teaching right now, I don't have anything specific in mind to ask them about. \n\nDoes anyone have any suggestions for making the most of a teaching consultation? Anything specific I can ask them to focus on that might prove especially useful?" ]

[ "teaching", "feedback" ]

[ "Do they really mean \"in all areas\" and \"will continue to be accepted until...\" in Computer Science faculty opening ads in the US?", "The following is an extension of the question Job applications reviewed "until the position is filled" (i.e. soft deadline): What does that really mean?.\n\nIn most US job announcements of faculty openings (of any rank) in computer science I've seen no hard deadlines for applications and no hard subdiscipline designations. (In Europe, this is different: the deadlines and the subdiciplines are typically hard restictions.) Most of the time, we see sentences such as\n\n\n The search will focus on candidates in the areas X1, X2, and X3. However, outstanding candidates in all research areas will be considered.\n\n\nand\n\n\n Preference will be given to applications submitted before Date Y, but we will continue accepting applications until the positions are filled.\n\n\nWee see such phrases way too often and may consider them boilerplate in the meantime.\n\n\nDoes the search team actually sometimes look at applications outside of the mentioned areas (X1, X2, and X3) and at the applications submitted after the deadline? Or are the above phrases introduced for some other reasons (legal, politics, ...), and the search team never looks at anything beyond the mentioned subdisciplines or anything past the deadline? \nHas anyone already been hired despite being outside of areas X1-X3 or beyond the date Y?\nIn practical terms, if the applicant is a normal scientist but has missed the deadline, how long after that he/she should apply?\nIn practical terms, if the applicant is a normal scientist, is on time, but the subdiscipline is slightly off, should he/she still apply?\nIn practical terms, if the applicant is a normal scientist but the subdiscipline is slightly off and the deadline has passed, how long after that he/she should apply?\n\n\n(An aside: Assume that the applicant cannot get this information directly by asking, e.g., due to the absense of contact data, and that the applicants network, including that of the supporting advisors if there are any, does not cover the location.)\n\nThis question seeks answers from folks who have participated in search committees, have supervised their work, or have received feedback as applicants. If it is the case for you, say so." ]

[ "computer-science", "united-states", "job-search", "faculty-application" ]

[ "\"Dressing down\" to impress in academic settings", "I came across this highly-upvoted comment on reddit (15,300 karma) by /u/Semi-Hemi-Demigod\n\n\n The CEO of the company I work for said that it's not uncommon for\n programmers to be asked to dress down for important meetings.\n Apparently investors don't think programmers who dress well are good\n programmers.\n\n\nI was wondering if this logic applies to academia, particularly in fields like math, computer science, and philosophy where stereotypically many top people dress sloppily. In other words, are there academic contexts where dressing badly will make me seem more competent at my job?\n\nPerhaps this would be an interesting social science experiment to perform, if it hasn't been done already!" ]

[ "mathematics", "computer-science", "outward-appearance", "philosophy" ]

[ "Is it normal for a PhD advisor not to read a student's thesis?", "I am scheduled to defend my thesis in February. I've been sending my advisor bits and pieces of my thesis, but he hasn't been replying to my emails. Is this normal, and can I still graduate even if he doesn't read my thesis?\n\nAll of the papers in the thesis have already been written, so he knows what's in the main body, and I've just been sending him parts of the introduction/literature review." ]

[ "thesis" ]

[ "What is a source reference note?", "In many manuscript preparation instructions there is this line in the instructions for notes:\n"...A source reference note should be indicated by means of an asterisk after the title. This note should be placed at the bottom of the first page."\nAnyone knows what a "source reference note" is and maybe have an example?" ]

[ "publications" ]

[ "Where can I study what I really interested in as a postdoc researcher?", "I am a postdoc researcher in AI field. I was hired as a lead scientist in governmental project (named project A). I need to work on it at least eight hours on week days. \n\nApart from the study in the project A, there is another topic which is really what I'm interested in (named project B). I started the project B last year, and since then, I studied it after business hour every day with several researchers.\n\nThe progress of the project B is somewhat nice and we'll submit a paper by this summer. I'm totally fascinated on the project B. I wish if all of what I have to do would be only the project B.\n\nBut it was OK. The project A is also interesting and I can write many paper thanks to the project A and B. Moreover, there are a lot of nice and intelligent friends here.\n\nHowever, recently, PI assigned me to another project (project C). The project C is totally out of my interest and expertise.\n\nI feel it might be time to leave. Unfortunately, I've not had enough record to get tenure position (but tenure track might be OK). I can go anywhere if I can focus on the project B. Unfortunately, to the best of my knowledge, it's very difficult to study what he/she wants as a postdoc researcher in CS field. \n\nSo, my question is if there is a position allowing me to bring my own research topic and focus on it?\n\nFor instance,\n\n\napplying for tenure track in some country\ngoing to private companies to raise money (like sales person)\nspin out and become CEO of startup company (don't laugh at me...)\npersuade the PI to allow me to study the project B (0.01% success rate)\n\n\nI can not open the location of my work place, but here is one of the worst competitive country on the planet to get tenure due to a low birth rate and long long economic depression... I guess I need go somewhere outside this country." ]

[ "career-path", "job-search" ]

[ "Are Undergraduates allowed to collaborate with other students for their dissertation research?", "I'm not sure if this is common practice or not, but much like how we see co-authorship in research papers, I was wondering if an undergrad would be allowed to collaborate with other students (possibly from other institutions) for their research project?" ]

[ "research-process", "undergraduate", "collaboration" ]

[ "What should I do if I'm on the waitlist for a PhD program?", "I'm on the waitlist of a top 2 program in my field which has a good track record of accepting waitlisted applicants. They told me to wait until April 15 and then I would hear from them. Interestingly, I got rejected by every other program I applied to, so I have no other place to go to. This is my second admissions season - I applied to PhD programs last year as well, got waitlisted from a couple top programs but it didn't work out.\n\nI'm going to give up after this season if this waitlist doesn't work out. Is there anything I can do to maximize my chances of being admitted off the waitlist? \n\nI don't want to seem obnoxious when I email the director of graduate studies at the university, so I don't want to talk about how I don't have any other plans or something like that, but what else can I do?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "application" ]

[ "Almost everything we know is taken from someone else, so what do I cite in a paper?", "My professor commented that I should have cited more on my paper. I received 132 out of 140 points on the paper for the error. I'm studying history, so being a learned subject, isn't everything we know about it taken from someone else? How would I cite everything I have ever learned over the years dealing with history through conversations/ TV/ internet/ from childhood? I didn't know when I was a child that I needed to remember who told me that Rome was a global power back in the 1st century :) How far do we go with this?" ]

[ "citations" ]

[ "Is it bad to withdraw a manuscript one day after it has been submitted?", "I submitted it yesterday, after sending it to a repository. Then, a colleague gave a quick read and found some narrative issues, i.e., our abstract seems to be claiming something we did not do and we did not give much importance for some classical results in our introduction. He pointed out that any reviewer who knows those classical results will raise a red flag when reading our paper. So, I want to withdraw it, if possible, change the text and re-submit it to the same journal. How bad it is to do that?\nJust another question:\n\nHow bad it is to simply e-mail the editor asking for a chance of re-submission due to some issues with the paper itself?\n\nIt is a mathematics journal and the status is currently "with editor".\nThanks in advance!" ]

[ "paper-submission", "editors", "withdraw" ]

[ "How much professional assistance can I receive on an undergraduate capstone design project without cheating?", "I'm taking the undergraduate capstone design course in electrical engineering at a university in the U.S. and I've been receiving some programming help from a friend who is not, nor ever has been, a student at the school. I understand that a certain amount of professional assistance is acceptable, however, there was a significant programming snag that I encountered that I would not have been able to solve on my own without this person's help. I have not asked my professor directly about this yet (there's still time, though!) since I've been afraid of self-incriminating and that I may be asked to remove the code which would put me back to my major snag that I can't solve. At this late point in the course, this solution is essential as removing it would likely force our group to alter direction/scope. This is a design project and not a programming project (I'm currently using plenty of acceptable open-source code from GitHub) and I feel my group has legitimately created original design work. Obviously, I have no problems at all citing any sources I used for the project as my goal is to avoid cheating.\n\nMy question is this:\n\nCan I use code that was created specifically for my capstone design project by a knowledgeable person (with my assistance) without cheating if I cite the source? Would it make it more acceptable if this person posted this same code to GitHub as well since other GitHub resources have already been deemed acceptable?" ]

[ "cheating", "electrical-engineering" ]

[ "Uploading paper drafts before first-time publication", "I am half-way through a Masters degree in Logic and Philosophy of Science following a BSc in Astrophysics. Although I've dreamed for years about getting a paper published, I still haven't submitted anything for publication. The reason why I hadn't submitted anything was very clear to me as an undergraduate: I chose to pursue theory over experiment right off the bat and, although I got to fiddle around with very ground-breaking mathematical techniques, I quickly realized that my knowledge of modern physics was not up to par with the foundational work I was pursuing. I intend to pursue a Ph.D. in theoretical physics focusing on quantum gravity and want to wait until I have taken the relevant courses in particle physics and general relativity before putting my old research results in the context of the current consensus view.\n\nIn the meantime, I pursued a detour into the philosophy of science because I am fascinated by and very passionate about the foundations of physics. My experience in philosophy has been remarkably different. Besides my application essay, I have written two term papers that I am very proud of. I deem them to be of publishable quality because I went beyond the mere expectation of \"meeting the examiner's criteria\" and actually took a deep dive into the literature to produce novel research. I think they are ready for the peer-review process, but am hesitant about what to do with these drafts.\n\nI first came across ResearchGate, and later Academia.edu, while doing literature searches, but quickly realized that a number of my current and former professors are active in these sites. I've been seriously considering uploading my drafts namely because I feel that I've been too secretive of my ideas for too long and it's time to get them out. I do, however, have some reservations. These lead to my question:\n\n\nWould uploading my papers to \"social media sites for academics\" interfere with the peer-review process of reputable publishers? (e.g. Elsevier, Springer) I understand the purpose of these sites is to share ideas with as broad of an audience as possible, but they do not carry the weight towards career advancement that a publication in a \"good journal\" gets.\n\n\nThere is also a related follow-up question:\n\n\nIs there a right time to get out a first publication? I used to be intimidated by people who published one or two papers during their undergrads, but these were mostly collaborations with an established research group. Conversely, I have friends who didn't publish their first paper until they completed their P.h.D.\n\n\nAm I overthinking all of this?\n\nThank you so much for your time." ]

[ "paper-submission", "copyright", "early-career" ]

[ "The best ways to cite a theorem whose assumptions/conditions are written earlier in the source?", "When one cites a theorem from a source in mathematics, the following problem usually arises: some assumptions/conditions of the theorem are written much earlier in the source, which do not appear in the statement of the theorem. \n\nWhat are good strategies to solve this problem so that the writing could be more reader-friendly?\n\nOn the one hand, citing the theorem simply as \"By theorem 3.1.4 in [Fang 2013] ...\" means the reader may miss some of the conditions of theorem 3.1.4 if they appear earlier in the source.\n\nOn the other hand, yes, restating all the conditions of the theorem is considerably the \"best\" way. But if one has to cite a lot of hard theorems in a proof, restating everything may distract readers from the main issues.\n\n\n\nLet me construct an example: if a chapter in a commutative ring theory book begins with \"All rings in this chapter will be Noetherian\", any theorem containing the word \"ring\" in this chapter would not include the word \"Noetherian\". If I cited one theorem in this chapter merely by its \"number\", a reader may be easily misguided if he/she directly read the theorem without reading the first sentence of this chapter." ]

[ "writing", "mathematics" ]

[ "When should one apply for a PhD in the UK?", "In September 2021 I will be starting a Master's degree course in Economics, and I want to pursue a PhD after its completion. The Master's course finishes by September 2022. However this raises a problem. If I want to start the PhD course in September/October 2022, I would have to start applying/searching for funding for the PhD right as I begin my Master's degree, this September. At the same time, if I decide to apply for a PhD only after finishing my Master's degree, I would probably start the PhD in September/October 2023.\nOn the one hand I would prefer to start working on a PhD programme as early as possible and it would feel like I have wasted on an entire year just for applications if I were to start in 2023. On the other hand, if I start applying this September (for late 2022 entry), I feel like my chances of securing funding or making a good proposal could be lower since by that time I would only be starting on my Masters course, and so would not even have a thesis continue my work on.\nAt this point, I am open to all advice or experience that people have with this issue. I hope everyone is well and thank you very much in advance for your time, advice and kind consideration. Sorry, if my explanations are a little unclear due to the dating." ]

[ "phd", "united-kingdom" ]

[ "Cv and cover letter for PhD admission", "I am wondering about the cv format for PhD application. In professional setting, for example, in the research experience part, I write a lot about what I did in my research rather than doing so in the cover letter. The cover letter on the other hand should be short. This is recommended by the career service center.\nShould I do the same for PhD application? Or maybe I should write about my research in my cv and repeat the same thing in the cover letter?\nThank you!" ]

[ "cv", "application-cover-letter" ]

[ "What laws exist in India to protect students from harassment by teachers/professors?", "I am a college student in Rajasthan. I had a chance to address a large group at a college function, and in my address I said unfavorable things about professors in the college. Since then, I believe their behavior towards me has changed, and that they are personally targeting me.\n\nI want to know what steps we can take against:\n\n\nteachers scoring us according to some personal vendetta,\nextremely rude language/behavior,\nunnecessary targeting.\n\n\nWhat laws exist in India to protect students from harassment by teachers/professors?" ]

[ "university", "students", "legal-issues", "india", "harassment" ]

[ "How should I phrase a question about an *ordinary academic matter* to a Professor?", "Question: Suppose you need to communicate with an academic about some ordinary academic matter that falls within the scope of the ordinary activities of an academic. Perhaps this is a standard administrative or pedagogical matter that academics deal with commonly as part of their job, or some other question that would not be regarded as being out-of-the-ordinary for the academic you are dealing with. Examples of the types of matters I have in mind are the following (non-exhaustive list):\n\nAsking for advice on an academic topic;\nAsking for a review of my mark in an assessment;\nAsking an academic to teach me something in their field of expertise;\nAsking to apply for/withdraw from some academic program or course;\nAsking about the present status of an application or assessment task;\nAsking if an academic is interested in research collaboration;\nTurning an academic down for a position/research topic, etc.;\nFollowing-up on a matter where we have already had previous contact; or\nThanking an academic for their help on a matter.\n\nWe all know that academics are basically demi-gods, and so communicating with them requires adherence to strict protocols, similar to kowtowing to an Emperor. With these kinds of examples in mind, what is the method of communication and the magical words to use to prevent a major diplomatic incident when communicating with a Professor on a common academic matter?\n\nNote: This question is a variation of this canonical question about how to ask a Professor a question. That question is presently used as a duplicate for many questions on Academia.SE, but it is not an ideal duplicate for questions about matters that are ordinary academic matters that fall within the scope of standard academic work at a university. The present question is designed to give a canonical question about communicating these matters." ]

[ "etiquette", "professors", "communication" ]

[ "When is a good time to go visiting potential post-doc opportunities?", "I am in my last year of graduate studies. I have lately started networking for post-doc opportunities with some of the prominent people out there. I believe I have done a decent job in presenting myself so far, and I have gotten some people interested in discussing it further. The typical scenario would be to initiate formal contact by email then, if both parties are interested, pay a visit to the lab and talk with the people working there. \n\nNow that I am starting to plan these things, I am wondering if the timing is optimal and if not how I should be putting them. I like planning these things in advance and not having to end up stressing about it all the way in the end. Heaving a big margin also provides time for project planning, as well as finding and applying for post-doc grants. \n\nOn the down-side, this last year is all I got to finish my projects, get papers out and also write a good thesis. All of which, I am sure, will take a significant amount of time. Ideally worrying/planning about the next step, should not prevent me from progressing as efficiently as I can. \n\nSo, in general, when would be a good time to take active and serious steps towards the next employment after graduate studies?" ]

[ "job-search", "postdocs" ]

[ "Combating the pressure to publish", "How can a researcher (be it professor or student) combat the pressure to get published? I know that the academics these days are extremely competitive. I feel that many research work now-a-days are driven to get published (It is not a fact just my feeling. I may or may not be right). Not all research work can produce successful results. You either succeed or learn that your approach/method/theory doesn't work (see this).\n\nAlso, consistent and frequent publications lead to a successful career even though the research itself may not have much impact in a practical situation (See this).\n\nIs research not about the search for truth anymore? Has it been reduced to number of publications and impact factor? Is it possible for anyone to have a successful research career and at the same time publish(only those that they think are worth publishing) less often?\n\nEdit: I have found a brutally honest answer in another part of this community.(see JeffE's answer)" ]

[ "publications", "research-process" ]

[ "Accepting an Assistant Professor position at a low ranked university", "I recently completed a postdoc at a prestigious R1 university, in a high profile lab. My publication record is not prolific, but those that I have published as first author are well respected journals, and a handful of middle author publications in top journals as well. I have a consistent teaching record throughout my graduate and postdoc training as well.\n\nI applied to faculty positions at ~30 schools over the past two years, including several that I was not very excited about, but were in my target location and had open positions, so I applied. In total, I've had two on campus interviews and have been offered a faculty position at a low ranking liberal arts university (awards Master's but not PhDs) that seems like somewhat of a good fit for me personally in terms of the teaching I would do and the research interests of the other faculty, but lacks the prestige and resources of larger/more research intensive schools.\n\nWould it be wise to take this position in the hopes that several years of faculty experience will allow me to jump to a different college/university that is a better fit for my professional goals (i.e., more research, higher caliber students, more resources for faculty)? Does this happen often, where someone takes a \"starter\" appointment and moves to a more fitting situation when it arises, somewhat like a Visiting Assistant Professor position?" ]

[ "job-search", "assistant-professor" ]

[ "Interview for a mathematical periodical", "I ("interviewer") am a mathematician and plan to publish an interview with another (very famous, much more senior) mathematician ("interviewee") in a periodical of a local mathematical organization.\nI already recorded a rather informal interview/conversation (a few years back, actually) and we are now turning this into an interview-style text.\nTwo questions:\n\nThis text certainly does not adhere to any journalistic standards (which I am sure to exist) required of an interview. We now freely change order and contents of questions and answers to make the text clearer and hopefully more interesting; the interviewee can of course object to include anything of what was said and even add stuff that they forgot to mention in the original conversation etc. I do not desire to meet any journalistic standard but would like to avoid giving a wrong impression by calling the text "interview". Is there a standard disclaimer for such a conversation? Is it enough to just mention "this text is based on a conversation recorded in ... and edited in ..."? (I want to call it "interview" and not "conversation" or whatever.)\n\nWho is the "author" of such a thing? The interviewer (who asks the question and types and edits it)? This seems to be the case in a "proper newspaper interview" (which this text is not). Or the interviewee (who provides the relevant part, the answers?) Or is it a joint work?" ]

[ "mathematics", "journals" ]

[ "Why is Scottish BSc (Hons) 4 years while English BSc (Hons) is 3 years?", "Why BSc (Hons) in Scotland (in Computer Science but in other subjects probably too) is 4 years long and in England BSc (Hons) is 3 years long? Does it cover more material? Does it mean that MSc in Scotland is shorter than in England? In general, how long is MSc in these countries? Is it 1 years or 2 years?" ]

[ "masters", "undergraduate", "degree", "united-kingdom" ]

[ "Can I publish an article or thesis about my research without supervisor?", "I am a bachelor student majoring on computer engineering and working on robotics. Last year as a part of my research, I worked together with a student and one teacher as a supervisor, so we published our article for conference together. But later we finished our research and all of us left the team. Now I am working on other research problem by myself and got some results and want to publish it. But this time I am alone, I have no supervisor on that research problem or any student partner. So I'd like to ask can I submit a paper for conference/journal by myself?\nP.S. My current research project has no relationship with old one." ]

[ "publications", "paper-submission" ]

[ "Is Bsc from Netherlands in Computer Science eligible for M S from USA", "Hi My son will be joining Bsc in computer science from TU Delft Netherlands after completing 12 years of school education from India. Will he be eligible for MS after his graduation from. US universities?" ]

[ "masters" ]

[ "If co-instructors gave different syllabi with different grading schemes, is this generally considered a valid reason to challenge grade?", "Summary: I am a STEM graduate student taking a soon-ending class that was divided into 3 parts each under different professors, Alice, Bob and Carol.\n\nThere is a conflict in the grading schemes set forth by the different professors' syllabuses (plural). Omitting most of the details as being too specific, the result is that one syllabus will grade more harshly than the other, and that is the syllabus that they are proposing to use for the final grades.\n\nGiven my current grade, I will pass the course either way. That said, I believe I can make a case that the professors should follow the more generous grading scheme, which would benefit me significantly. Is conflicting grading schemes across different syllabi generally considered a valid reason to challenge a grade?" ]

[ "coursework", "grades", "grading", "syllabus" ]

[ "Etiquette of introducing yourself to a professor", "I am writing my master thesis at a university in Germany. I am looking into universities and institutes where I could carry out a PhD. One of the possibilities I have been looking into is a group at an university from Switzerland.\n\nThis group’s head will be tomorrow at my university, acting as a second examiner at a thesis defense. I think this is a good opportunity to introduce myself personally and maybe ask about the outlook of doing a PhD at his group.\n\nWhat is the ettiquete in such situations? I think it is not uncommon to find yourself in an academic event with someone you are interested to work under." ]

[ "phd", "etiquette", "application" ]

[ "What should a student do immedately after he or she is accepted into a graduate program", "Can someone provide advise as to what a student should do immediately after being accepted into a graduate program and has identified with a professor?\n\nUsually students are accepted in the middle of their final year of undergrad. A window of time opens between now and when the first semester begins.\n\nI wonder what should a student optimally do during this time to smoothly transit into the designated graduate program.\n\nSome thoughts:\n\n\nBuild up relationships with other graduate students, professors\nStart reading papers on the topic of focus\nStart preparing course work for first year of graduate school\nStart identifying specific research area and pin point thesis topic and open questions\nGet to know the locale\n\n\nBut ultimately this question is directed at people who have went through this process. What can a student do now in the little time that he or she has to smoothly enter the graduate program?" ]

[ "graduate-school", "academic-life" ]

[ "How does calibrating syllabus based on the requirements of the industry happen?", "Often the industry finds that students graduating from a particular department do not possess the skill-set required to perform well in their company. While research can at least afford to be outside of the interests of the industry, academic syllabus taught to students for their bachelor's or master's has to cater to the demands of the industry.\n\n\nWhat steps are taken by a university to ensure that its students are employable and industry-fit? \nDoes this recalibration happen at all, and if yes, how often? \nNot every requirement of the industry could be met in an academic syllabus. For example, programming languages cannot be taught in class simply because the industry needs them. What points should academicians keep in mind when addressing industry's expectations from a university?" ]

[ "graduate-school", "university", "industry", "syllabus" ]

[ "How PhD projects are acquired in pure mathematics", "In pure mathematics (please only answer for this field, as other areas are different), what is the ratio of PhD students finding a project on their own, versus working closely with their supervisor to find a project versus the supervisor giving their student a project?" ]

[ "phd", "thesis", "mathematics", "supervision" ]

[ "Can a student seek redress for the administration neglecting their paperwork?", "(Breakdown of a larger issue - full story here)\n\nFollowing the (delayed) approval of my thesis paperwork by my professor, the review staff of my small (~20 grad students?) department took weeks to give me each round of revisions. After the second revision, having already had my thesis for nearly the entire semester, the reviewer admitted to \"forgetting\" about my paperwork for over a month. She followed that up by telling me she was shelving my paperwork to \"focus on other students who still have a chance of graduation this semester.\" Even though I should have graduated the semester previous, and had been waiting months for her to finish the review so I could get my thesis bound (required by the graduation process).\n\nThe reviewer was fired shortly after the end of that semester, the new reviewer and I got it finished up in just over a week, and the dean of the college wrote a letter to the graduate school requesting my graduation be back-dated. This was refused with only blanket statements about 'policy'. Obviously I should have escalated the issue much sooner, but I wasn't world-weary enough to realize that \"the people in charge\" were being so negligent and unprofessional, or to realize that I could do anything about it. I think students in general are often too intimidated by the people in the 'ivory tower' to speak out and ask for better treatment.\n\nHow can students know when they are being treated unfairly? How can they get their complaints taken seriously and appropriately escalate issues through their department/college without being ignored? Is there any recourse for them - a way to get the school to correct the issue?" ]

[ "graduate-school", "ethics", "students", "paperwork" ]

[ "Preprint Best Practices in Computer Science", "I truly believe in the benefits of pre-print distribution, however I'm not sure how to exactly proceed. Here are some questions I have in mind:\n\n\nWhen should I make them available? Before peer-review? After camera-ready? \nWhere should I publish them? ResearchGate keeps asking for my pre-prints, although most of the ones I read come from Arxiv. And there's always my personal website at the University.\nHow do I handle versioning, or how many versions should I keep? Would that disperse any potential citations?\nWhat happens to the pre-print after the paper is published? Should the pre-print make a reference to the publication DOI?\n\n\nI would specially like to know what's the \"state of the practice\" in Computer Science." ]

[ "computer-science", "preprint" ]

[ "Am I breaking any law by digitalizing a curve from a plot on a scientific Journal if I cite the source and I mention the tool I used?", "Am I breaking any law or etiquette/guideline by:\n\ndigitalizing a curve from a plot published on a scientific Journal\nusing the data (the curve) on a paper I am submitting to another journal. I to compare the curve to my curve in my plot, I make sure I cite it and I say the tool I used to extract the data.\n\nEDIT: I am speaking about using a digitizer (like a program that given a published figure with a curve and the coordinate axis it gets you the data).\nIt is a general question, since many journals are international, publisher might be from UK, author from USA and I (the one trying to digitize the data) could be from New Zealand." ]

[ "journals", "paper-submission", "digital-libraries" ]

[ "What is the proper email etiquette when contacting potential supervisors on short notice?", "I am currently an MSc student in the UK and am hoping to apply for PhD at the same institution. I have found some potential supervisors but was wondering what is the correct way of wording my email given that I have only about 3 weeks till the application deadline and it's currently the holiday season (end of term). Some things to note: 1) my current field of study is immunology and I'm hoping to apply for a PhD in Medical Sciences, 2) it won't be possible to meet the supervisors in person since I'm back in the States for the holidays." ]

[ "phd", "etiquette", "application" ]

[ "How to work on a joint math paper effectively?", "Now, I am working on a joint paper with some collaborators. The research is about mathematics. \nThis is my first experience of working in collaboration.\n\nAnother author has sent a manuscript about our work. The manuscript is about 40 pages. When I checked some part of the manuscript, it takes a lot of time to read the content and unfortunately, there are a lot of gaps and mathematical mistakes in it. \nIn addition, there are also many typos buried inside the manuscript.\n\nAlthough, I can fix some part and adding some details and proof, I still do not understand about 50% of the manuscript. \nI have to mention that we can communicate via email only.\n\nThe following are my questions:\n\n\nHow do you manage to work collaboratively in research?\nHow do you detect the mistake and fixing it quickly? \nWhen should we keep trying to understand and fixing the argument or rather asking the explanation directly to the collaborators? Is 4 days-checking without asking question too short?\nHow to judge``grey part\", like simpler proof, simplified definition, notation, sentences, etc? \n\n\nThank you for your advice." ]

[ "research-process", "collaboration", "working-time", "methodology", "projects" ]

[ "How to get a postdoc without publications in \"top\" venues?", "I am a Ph.D. student in computer vision at a North American university. I have a very hard and limited problem in my thesis and I could not publish in top conferences such as CVPR, ICCV, PAMI,... I published 3 IEEE conferences and I submitted 1 journal (under revision) in PRL. I was very autonomous (99%). \n\nI am looking for a postdoc in north America, Japan or Singapore. I remark that all positions demand that the candidate should have published in top conferences or top journals. \n\nSo, can I have a postdoc opportunity or I have to forget it and look for an industrial post?" ]

[ "publications", "career-path", "job-search", "postdocs" ]

[ "How to develop your own argument in a literature review?", "In a literature review, we look at recent publications and put what other researchers have said in this context. However, how can I develop my own argument? Should I write it with my own words or should the argument be based in what others have said?" ]

[ "literature", "literature-search" ]

[ "Finding citeable statistics", "I am in the process of writing a literature review as part of an application for a master's course and would like to cite Facebook as being the world's most active/ popular social media (or 2nd or 3rd happy with it so long as it is accurate).\nGoogling 'worlds most active social network' brings back multiple results from a variety of websites but no official press release of numbers from Facebook, or what I can see quotable articles. When faced with a problem like this:\n\nIs there an advised, reliable way to find and cite the data? Only from a certain list of websites?\nIs this fact so universal that it need not be cited?\n\nThanks in advance" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "citations", "literature-review" ]

[ "Are US universities generally reluctant to admit PhD students who already hold a PhD?", "I am planning to do a Ph.D. in Math Education from one of the prominent universities in western Europe, and then do a Ph.D. in EEE/CSE.\nThe reason being, I have a STEM background but due to clinical depression and weak math background, I decided to drop out of the MSc in CS program. My age is running out and I feel that getting a Ph.D. in Education is a safer option, as Education is based on social science, and it is relatively less risky than getting involved in Ph.D. in CSE as science research regularly fails, and there is also a risk that some other guy may be already working on what I am getting started with. However, I am feeling a deep obsession with studying CSE and getting a Ph.D. in CSE.\nMy plan is to start a Ph.D. in math Education and repair my math and CS background simultaneously.\nAre US universities reluctant in admitting Ph.D. students who already hold a Ph.D.?\nIf Yes, why and how to bypass that?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "united-states", "second-degree", "stem" ]

[ "Oral Presentation Prize at a Conference", "Abstract was selected for 'oral abstracts' competition, in a shortlist of 5 presenters. I was announced winner at the end of the competition. Following the event I have been emailed to pass on my bank details as the beneficiary of the £1500 prize. My co-authors are all seniors/co-supervisors. What should I do? Should I email them all to discuss splitting up the share? Or should I not raise the matter at all, to avoid embarrassment. From reading responses to a similar post before, I get the impression that since the award is for best Oral Presentation, and I am the only 'student' it should probably just go to me. At the same time, I don't want to just keep it without mentioning it to anybody." ]

[ "advisor", "etiquette", "awards" ]

[ "How to quickly understand the main idea when reading a paper?", "I have problems in reading papers, specifically papers where the subject is not so new to me and I am familiar with the problem which the writer wants to solve.\n\nHow to find the those parts which talk about the main idea?\n\nWhen I go to their suggested work to understand the main idea, I have to have first read their previous sections, because they define some notations and definition which they use them on their suggested work. When I go to read those parts to understand the notation. I am not sure if my reading method is good. because after reading the notations and definitions , I have to start their suggested method section. This one has its own challenges too.\n\nMy advisor said you should understand the main idea of a paper in one hour, or at maximum in two hours. But I need at least 5 hours. \n\n(Maybe help: I am reading a paper in the field of computer networks.)" ]

[ "publications", "reading", "time-management" ]

[ "Where can one find jobs where companies hire mathematicians where they can do (not necessarily mainstream) research?", "Several companies (google, IBM etc.) are known to hire mathematicians with advanced degrees (Ph.D. and so) to work in different sectors. Many such jobs are also research jobs, if not all. But I almost never find any such job advertisements in the standard mathjob sites I know of, including mathjobs.org, euro-math-soc.eu/jobs, nordic math jobs etc. Where can I find these type of job advertisements?" ]

[ "job-search", "mathematics", "industry" ]

[ "Co-authorship for not very involved supervisor", "I have now completed my PhD by research. \n\nI received support from my supervisor in the form of advice on my chapters (for which I am indebted to him; we have a very good working relationship).\n\nThe advice mostly related to clarity of arguments. My supervisor was not actively involved in my research and he did not amend or add to any chapters. He just provided broad advice on the contents of each chapter so that I can fulfil the requirements of my degree.\n\nIn this case, should I credit him as a joint author in any paper I may publish from my dissertation? I cannot see a case for joint copyright of my work!" ]

[ "phd", "publications", "thesis", "copyright", "authorship" ]

[ "Number formatting: use of digit separators in manuscripts", "I am reading through a manuscript that I am co-authoring with a colleague and I noticed that it used digit separators/marks for all the numbers (i.e. 2,500 instead of 2500). Maybe it's just me but I think this style started after my colleague started doing a post-doc in the U.S. \n\nI have checked the author guidelines of a couple of journals that are likely submission targets in our field and they don't seem to include anything about decimal/digit separators. I also checked my previously published articles and noticed that numeric values were not edited (by press editors that is) to include digit separators. \n\nThus my question, is there a general rule-of-thumb regarding number formatting, especially considering digit separators?" ]

[ "publications", "formatting" ]

[ "Does publishing a paper with a non-edu email influence the review process?", "I saw many good papers on good journals (by Springer, Elsevier, IEEE, etc.) with a Gmail as a corresponding email.\n\nI'm about to submit a paper and since I don't have (yet) an academic email, I would like to know how bad is it to publish a paper with a Gmail account. Does it have influence on the author's reputation or the reviewing process?" ]

[ "publications", "email", "affiliation" ]

[ "Is it good to take a project even if the topic is not what I'm interested?", "One of my university professors offered me a research assistant position which would require me to study for a master degree.\n\nI really wanted to take it but there are few problems for me.\n\n\nI don't know that professor.\nI don't know what career I could take after finishing a master degree.\nI feel like other people are able to make more money early. (Even if I don't care about money).\nMoney problem mostly because I still need find a job to support myself. \n\n\nEven though it got a full fee waiver, I couldn't change the research topic for the whole master degree.\n\nSo I guess my question is should I really take it even though I'm not really interested in that particular project and worried about my future career." ]

[ "career-path", "undergraduate", "research-undergraduate" ]

[ "Is is necessary to include computer code into thesis?", "During my research, I have developed some computer codes to optimize the coefficients of theoretical equations against the experimental data. The computer codes was developed to make things easier through automation which I would otherwise need to do it manually (rather painstakingly).\n\nDo I need to include the codes that I have developed in my thesis, or it is just sufficient to provide an executable (.exe) in a disc?" ]

[ "thesis", "code" ]

[ "What does UTC-12 timezone mean for a submission deadline?", "I look at this website: https://time.is/UTC-12\n\nand it tells me that there's a 6 hour time difference between UTC-12 and ET.\n\nI know about an AoE timezone that as long as it's xPM in any part of the world you are still within the deadline. Is this the same? I would really appreciate a quick response for this short question." ]

[ "publications", "deadlines" ]

[ "Does the length of a PhD thesis matter?", "I am writing a PhD thesis in literature. I have covered all areas in about 120 pages. Does the length of a PhD thesis matter even if it has covered all the areas mentioned in the synopsis?" ]

[ "research-process", "thesis" ]

[ "Is non-degree studies a viable path to a master's degree?", "I had a very rocky undergraduate math career that ended with me having around a B- average due to undiagnosed/untreated anxiety issues. This means my final GPA is around a 2.8.\nWould non-degree studies be of benefit for admission to a master's degree program if I do comparatively better in my studies and develop a working relationship with professors whose work interests me? I am leaning towards an economics or a mathematics master's program at the moment.\nAlso, will my diagnosis hold me back during the admissions process should I decide to pursue an advanced degree after satisfactorily completing non-degree studies at the graduate level?" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "masters", "united-states", "health", "gpa" ]

[ "How does Lecturer in UK compare to other systems?", "I have never lived in UK, I did my graduate studies in the US. I was a postdoc in Europe, but the situation there seemed grim, I applied for a few positions only, one of them was this junior prof job in Germany (in theory, an assist prof equivalent of US ) though I figured out despite it being an assistant professorship, it is somewhere near the lecturer position of USA and a bit post-doc? So definitely not as an assistant prof equivalent of a US system in practice. Perhaps a research leader junior prof position could work better in that sense. But how does it work in UK? Currently I am in my country of origin, to be fair, the work is good, practically Tenured (what I need to do is very minimal to complete the track), there are some opportunities for research that I need to apply to (I am certain some grants would be easy with my background meaning a PhD abroad, if not the more challenging), but the university / department and students lack research vigor in every way And research is all I want to do to be honest, it is not a top notch school, I simply wasn't able to attend to some interviews while I was living abroad for top tier private unis and now positions are canceled, and the top tier state schools require just too much paperwork which might take years. I am happy with the job in certain ways, but it is not fulfilling for me in research and standing.\nNow, I see this great fit in UK, at a top university, I know the professors there, it is so fitting to my research line etc. Though I don't know anything about the system and how much job safety there is. It is for about one year only, but with a chance to extend the contract. Now that I have an actual job to lose, and a pandemic, I feel like I could use some more information on\n\nwhere the lecturers stand, what is the usual timeline, are people\noffered tenure track positions afterwards? how long it takes? what\nit requires? How much research is involved? (it implies both\ncoursework and grad students/research opportunity) etc in the ad.\n\nAlso, I have never been confident in just asking for a job, so I saw this ad online (I always only apply through listed ads), but I know many people put ads only after they have their strong candidate. Although I know the prof there I don't want to ask, at the same time I feel a bit uneasy applying if they already have a candidate. How does it usually work? Also, not sure whether they would prefer someone living abroad during a pandemic." ]

[ "united-kingdom", "lecturer", "assistant-professor" ]

[ "BSc in CPSC or CIS: How will this affect Grad School applications (Stanford, UBC)?", "I am trying to decide whether or not I should pursue an undergrad in Computer Science (link to curriculum)\nor an undergrad in Computer Information Systems (link to curriculum).\n\nSpecifically, I'd be curious to know if picking one over the other could be problematic later, when applying to a masters program in computer science (the CIS degree is much less theory heavy). I am interested in Standford's MS program, but if I go with the CIS program, I am concerned I will be filtered out in the selection process because I don't hold a brick-and-mortar CS degree with a heavy theoretical focus.\n\nAs a mature adult, I have financial obligations that constrain my ability take on studies full time, so I am leaning towards the CIS degree because it is offered through distance education (the CPSC degree is not), and subsequently applying to Stanford's Masters program which is also offered through distance education. \n\nFWIW, I currently work as a developer full-time, and in my younger years I worked on a lot of random jobs, mostly non-applicable to my computer science interests." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "career-path", "undergraduate" ]