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[ "What actually changed in MLA 8th edition?", "I cannot find enough information on what is different about MLA 8th except for citations. There is no MS Word template for the 8th edition, just the 7th edition. Is all that changed citations? Thank you!" ]

[ "writing", "writing-style" ]

[ "Presenting on a conference as a Master Student... common or unusual?", "I am a master's student of Linguistics and am just finishing my first year of the master's programme. For one of my term papers I am currently doing an empirical study, on a topic I think is really important and with striking results. While browsing on the Internet I found a CfP for a conference on a field of research into which my study would fit perfectly. \n\nNow my question is: Is it weird to submit an abstract in hopes of presenting on that conference, even though I am only a master's student? \nDo I have any chance at all to present there or do most conference-organizers immediately dismiss master students because they are not experienced enough? (It is not a student's conference or anything similar)\n\nI just don't know anyone who is experienced enough with these sorts of things to ask them..." ]

[ "masters", "conference", "presentation" ]

[ "What are evaluation criteria for NSF postdoctoral fellowships?", "I am currently working on applying for an NSF postdoctoral fellowship and I was wondering if anyone had insight into the following questions:\n\n\nIs it practical to have a proposed research project that is not directly in line with the applicant's previous research (I'm thinking of a research project that in some way falls within the same subspeciality but none of the work I've done before naturally segues into this work)\nIs it disadvantageous to apply to work under someone who already has numerous postdocs (say around 4)? The worry would be that a panel would think that this would reduce the sponsor's ability to be an involved mentor\nWhen it comes to Broader impacts, in particular things like educational outreach, is it all right if this occurs in another country if I am applying to be supported by the NSF while at a foreign institution." ]

[ "career-path", "funding", "nsf" ]

[ "How to ensure that putting a product's photo in a paper does not violate copyright?", "I have put into my paper a photo (available here) that I have collected from the company's website available for free. There is no copyright note, except the one at the bottom of the website and product is available for sale (probably patented). I have contacted the company seeking permission, but they did not reply after a week and I cannot wait anymore.\n\nThe paper will be published in an IEEE magazine.\n\nSo here are my questions:\n\n\nHow to make sure an online photo carries copyright?\nIs citing to their website sufficient to avoid copyright violation?\nIf received copyright permission, how to use the permission in the paper? (I received permission from another company for another photo). Write it on the image or write \"courtesy of ...\" (I have seen this phrase quite a lot).\n\n\nUPDATE 1: Thanks all of you, referring to your answers, I decided to stay in the safe side by removing the photo from the paper. I did not criticize anything and did not admire it either (but it could be a free publicity for them which is ignored despite second email to the company). I just discussed its functionality as an encouraging innovation for particular domain.\n\nHowever, almost NO ONE yet commented on 3rd question. Can any one help in this regard?" ]

[ "publications", "copyright" ]

[ "What to do when on-line instructor is ignoring questions?", "I am enrolled in an on-line graduate course. The course is not available in the classroom format.\n\nFor the past few weeks, the instructor has ignored every question I sent him. I've asked for:\n\n\nhelp in understanding specific course content.\nclarification on upcoming assignment instructions.\nclarification on the problems in my papers.\n\n\nI used the recommended contact method described in the syllabus and all other tools on the course Web site, but he sent no replies to these." ]

[ "coursework" ]

[ "Is it normal to have a hard time comprehending academic papers?", "I am starting my PhD in statistics program next year, and I have some concerns.\nIn my institution, there is a mandatory course that every PhD student has to take in lieu of taking one qualifying examination.\nThe course requires students to read five academic papers and write a report, which will be graded by faculty members.\n\nI was browsing through the reading list for this course, and I often find myself pondering over one twenty-page paper for days and weeks because I want to make sure that I understand all the math, concepts, and other details of the paper.\nI am supposed to make a report for one paper/month, and I am now quite worried about what I am expected to do as a PhD student because it feels like it takes me forever to comprehend a single paper.\nI feel discouraged because I have done very well in my bachelor’s and master’s programs in statistics, but I am having such a hard time comprehending these academic papers.\n\nIs it normal for beginning PhD students to have a hard time comprehending academic papers?" ]

[ "phd", "coursework", "reading" ]

[ "Is it OK to call a professor by his first name when he/she signs emails by only first name?", "If a professor in a North American country presents his- or herself by his/her first name in email messages, does this mean that students can refer to him/her by his/her first name? Or is this generally not a good idea, unless the professor has explicitly mentioned that he/she can be referred to by first name? I've noticed that most professors, who prefer to be referred to more formally, do not sign their emails with just their first names, but usually initials or first and last name." ]

[ "etiquette", "united-states", "professors", "canada" ]

[ "Telling a former supervisor you don't want to publish", "I graduated from my PhD in the middle of last year and have since landed a full time job in industry. Currently I'm pretty ran off my feet with work, but I'm also enjoying having free time at weekends to spend with my Husband.\nMy supervisor has been in touch pretty relentlessly about publishing some of my last results from the thesis (also saying that I "owe her" and it would destroy my future if I don't see it through). Now I'm happy with never going back to academia, and career promotion isn't my focus if I'm honest.\nI've tried to cobble together a draft but it keeps getting ripped apart (she was pretty notorious when I was doing my PhD for brutal feedback) and I'm looking at it and realising I don't care about seeing this through... I don't appreciate the pressure from her, it's not truly beneficial to me, it's taking up my personal time and I have a lot of things going on with family difficulties lately.\nI've always been a bit of a wimp with confrontation. So given all I've said about this how would you advise for me to tell my old boss I don't want to publish (preferably without triggering an intense vendetta)?" ]

[ "publications", "advisor", "supervision", "communication" ]

[ "Is it OK to upload thesis including published work to personal website?", "I think the question is simple, but answers may be quite different - I fear.\n\nI have recently written my Thesis, which also includes some peer-reviewed published papers. As a general rule, is it ok to post the .pdf of my Thesis on my personal website? \n\nIf it depends on the journal and University where the papers have been sent to, what right should I be looking for on the journals website?" ]

[ "thesis", "copyright" ]

[ "back assign DOI to extant dataset", "Would it be possible for researchers back-assign a DOI to an existing dataset they have rights to - where there is no permission to share it publically (privacy, organization proprietary, personnel to clean data...etc)? \n\nThis would at least allow tracking the same dataset usage across multiple papers (+ - stages of).\n\nTo clarify (30 Jan 2019): What I mean is for example there are many papers already published that use the same dataset. In some cases it is not possible to get rights to the dataset. However, at the very least I believe it is useful to back-assign a DOI to these datasets that would allow for people to track datasets across multiple papers, particularly in this age when we may inadvertently commit the sin of deriving effect sizes from the same population if the dataset being the same is not clear, as we sometimes may surmise where people who collected the data get authorship rights directly grandfathered in - but in cases where they are not we may not be able to tell that we are using repeat datasets!\n\nOne way to get around the fact that these datasets are not available on open access is to have, under their DOI, descriptions of items that are included, waves of collection, and sample size - these can generally be derived and gradually pieced together from past studies. It then becomes clearer for replication or es. estimation whether the re-analysis actually used the same parts of the dataset. For example using only wave-2 instead of both waves, and using depression from Beck's inventory rather than depression based on interview." ]

[ "open-science", "doi" ]

[ "Can I hire someone to write code for my dissertation (if I've designed the algorithm)?", "Barring any extremely unfortunate disaster, I am five weeks away from a final defense and a Ph.D. \n\nAt this point, we are in the re-write stage (\"of my unforgivably horrible and weak thesis\") but it is expected to work and be ready for my final defense in a month. \n\nPrior to the thesis, my advisor REALLY wants me to program the algorithm I give as part of my dissertation. Though I have the algorithm pseudocoded, I have no idea anymore about basic commands, data structures, counters, declaring local and global variables, and just general grammar and structure for what he REALLY wants me to program on (though I don't HAVE to): Mathematica. \n\nWorse, every time I try to get a dry, discrete checklist of what he wants for the program, it varies, often leading him to talk about ill about computer scientists and lament about how traditional languages just don't do the job PASCAL used to do (dead serious). Hence, the last piece of progress required of me by his say so - a piece not really contributing to my original work and that could represent time better spent revising my writing and preparing for my final defense instead of learning how to print \"LEOOH WHIORLD\" on MATHEMATICA - is setting up, after two years of back-cracking dissertation work, to be what ultimately \"does me in.\" \n\nWhen (or even if) I get standards for this program he wants to see, would it be unethical of me to hire a tutor to help me code the program, or even hire a programmer to help me write the program, even given that I pseudocode the program myself? Skipping the hours and hours of manual searching to learn how to read in files (and files with gigantic matrices at that) and how to look up code corresponding to pseudocode, keep up with counters etc. really seems like a good investment for me, but my moral bells are a ringing on this one, even if I pseudocode the project myself." ]

[ "phd", "ethics", "programming", "all-but-dissertation" ]

[ "Recommendation letter for a good student that you don't know?", "Let say you a professor and there are lots of students, say 100 in your course. After the exam, a student whose final mark is, say 85/100, sends you an email to ask you for a recommendation letter. Assuming that you don't know him, or just remember that he went to your lecture some times (of course you can check his mark). Will you write a recommendation letter for him?" ]

[ "recommendation-letter" ]

[ "Quitting a job after spending ahead on a grant", "Let's say that I take a position at a university, and the university gives me a grant of $X for 2 years. I use the grant to buy a bunch of equipment and make some international trips, which costs me three quarters of $X. After one year, I decide to quit to take another job elsewhere, and I cannot take the grant with me as it was from the university.\n\nWhat typically happens in this situation? Is it possible for the grant to get prorated ($X/2 per year), in which case I would have overspent my budget by a quarter of $X? If not, are there any other repercussions?" ]

[ "funding", "quitting" ]

[ "How to highlight my Master's thesis grade in CV", "My Master's thesis was granted 9/10. It was the highest score even given for a thesis since the progam was founded (8 years sonner). How can I highlight it in my resume without looking ostentatious?\nThanks!" ]

[ "thesis", "cv" ]

[ "Corrigendum to correct formatting/aesthetic errors previously brought up during proofing process", "After a lengthy review process, I finally published my first paper. Unfortunately, upon seeing it in print, I was immediately dismayed.\n\nDuring the proofing process, formatting errors appeared on the table, presumably as a result of the conversion to the journal's table template. The table in question was supposed to have three 'sub-headings' but was formatted such that two sub-headings appeared different from the other two (bold vs framed between two horizontal lines and capitalized). Amongst other corrections, I brought this up during the proofing process by highlighting that the three sub-headings were formatted differently and to correct it so they were all stylized in the same way. When I was notified of my article being published online, however, I found that the changes to the table were ignored. I sent an email asking what could be done and was informed that although they understood I had certain corrections, that no changes could be made now it was online and instead was offered to publish a corrigendum. \n\nSince these changes are aesthetic and not related to the content, a corrigendum (at least to my understanding) would not change anything to the appearance of the figure as corrigenda are published as a separate note, making a corrigendum not really worth it. At the same time, I'm frustrated that after having put so much time into proofreading the article to ensure no mistakes appeared, that one appeared anyway that had nothing to do with me. I wish I could say it's a minor aesthetic point that only I would notice, but after sending out my article to colleagues and friends I received numerous comments about this particular formatting error. \n\nI suppose I have two questions. First, how cut and dry is the rule of not being able to correct articles once they are published? Or is it simply indicative of a lack of willingness or goodwill on the publisher's part that could, perhaps with some more insistence on my part, give way? And if there really is nothing that can be done, is it worth publishing a corrigendum?\n\nThanks for any insight you can offer.\n\nEDIT: Looking everything over for the n-th time, I now see a couple other errors (eg. inconsistent capitalization in the legends). The thing is these mistakes were not present in the proofing stage (I have the proof file as proof); they were tacked on after the fact, when it was too late to do anything about it. Is this something I should contact the editor-in-chief about?\n\nEDIT 2: Thanks to all for the feedback and suggestions. I ended up contacting the journal manager, informing her that I would not be requesting a corrigendum but that I would be placing a complaint to the editor-in-chief. I was contacted the next day and informed they would fix all the errors in the article. \n\nEDIT 3: So all the original errors were fixed, however I noticed yet another error was introduced that was absent in the previous version. I'm giving up my crusade for now, and will simply not publish in this journal in the future. Thanks again for all the advice." ]

[ "publications", "errors-erratum" ]

[ "Collaboration with a private company involving a confidential technology", "Our group has been invited to participate in a bid for a European funding. The project will be about bringing a particular technology to the next level. The project coordinator is a private company, and due to confidentiality, they cannot disclose details of the technology without us signing a letter of intent, but which also means a commitment in our part to contribute to the proposal and project if it gets funded. \n\nWith limited information, however, it is difficult for us to understand how novel the technology is compared to the state of the art, and this has made us reluctant to sign the letter of intent. We have asked them to refer us to their patent and whether we can sign a non disclosure agreement first instead of a letter of intent, but they seem reluctant to provide us with those. \n\nWhat is the normal procedure in this situation? Have we done the right thing?" ]

[ "collaboration", "industry", "research-proposal" ]

[ "Origin of 7 year sabbatical leave cycle", "I believe many US universities have a 7-year cycle for sabbatical leave. For example, at my university a full-time tenure-track faculty is eligible for sabbatical leave after 7 years of continuous service (so technically every 8 years). The term "sabbatical" has its roots in "sabbath," so I wonder if this (roughly) 7-year cycle has its roots there, or is just a coincidence." ]

[ "united-states", "academic-history", "sabbatical" ]

[ "Guiding a mentee towards greater independence", "I am a Master's student who is mentoring a recent graduate through a research project in the same field (of astronomy). He is a very good student, but struggles with one of the realities of being an astronomer - coding. Right now, he is just running code others have written, but despite my strong suggestion that he start learning the language, still asks for my help on even the most elementary of problems. His confidence in using computers is lacking, and if he continues in the field it will become a serious hindrance.\n\nI did provide a very high level of assistance early on, but this was mostly due to a couple of bugs in setting my own code up on his computer. In later stages of this research project, he is going to need to write some basic code of his own, so I feel we're getting to the stage where we need to establish a greater level of independence. \n\nOne of the key points of difference between a student and a researcher is that a researcher solves their own problems. It is the job of a mentor and supervisor to assist in that, but I feel that my mentee still feels entitled that I should solve his problems for him (I only solved \"his\" problems before because a bug in code that I wrote is my responsibility). It's time to start taking a more hands-off approach: I'm happy to give advice on how he might solve a problem, but it's his responsibility to sit down and implement that idea.\n\nHow should I approach this problem - (a) with my mentee, and (b) with our supervising professor (we have the same supervisor)?" ]

[ "mentoring" ]

[ "Want to get back in touch with professor so he won't forget me but don't know what to say", "I want to get back in touch with professor so he won't forget me but don't know what to say! I took a class with him, but that's about it. I would like to keep in touch, so that he will remember me in the future but it's already been a few months, I just have no idea what to say, as I do not have anything to say really (Haven't been able to catch up with any research or so due to work). Any advice?" ]

[ "professors", "email", "academic-life" ]

[ "Do academic publishers advertise new publications by mailing science associations?", "I am writing my first book proposal. Most publishers require a section on \"market considerations\". For example, OUP wants to know\n\n\n If the market is scholarly/professional, reference, or trade, how may it best be reached? (Direct mail, relevant journals, professional associations, libraries, book or music stores?)\n\n\nI am not sure whether or not to list any relevant science associations from my (sub)discipline, which is political science, European studies in particular. Do academic publishers advertise their latest publications to these associations at all, or would it come across as unprofessional to recite them in this section?" ]

[ "books", "publishers" ]

[ "Tenure and tenure denial rates by universities", "Is there a way or website to find the tenure and tenure denial rates by universities and departments? I heard from some faculty that the tenure rate at X university is Y%, so I wonder if there is a way to find the statistics for all universities." ]

[ "career-path", "job", "tenure-track", "academic-life" ]

[ "Major Career Change --> Grad School Help?", "I received a B.A degree in political science with a minor in natural resource conservation & management last year but after an internship in Washington D.C. and looking through job postings I have decided that I studied the wrong thing and would like to make a career change already. Ultimately i would like to do research in a lab with plants in regards to nutrition (which my internship opened me up to the possibility of) but since I got a B.A and not a B.S I am lacking in a strong science foundation that would help me get into a science graduate program. I would study Food Science and Nutrition now instead but ever school has such different course offerings I'm not sure what classes to take to help me get in to grad school. My GPA was average when I graduated but I am now really passionate about this new career field and need to go back to school I think I order to make this shift. Do I take a lot of random science prerequisites at a community college and then transfer them to the university I apply to to show I have taken the necessary steps? Too bad there is not a post-bacc program for non-medical majors. Any advice on what I need to do?? Thanks" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "advisor", "changing-fields", "science" ]

[ "Have I 'spent' my negotiating power on higher salary, or can I further negotiate the TT startup offer?", "I have an R1 offer in Engineering. The department and Dean, per my request, have offered me a very good salary competitive with my competing industry offers, as well as excellent lab space. However, the startup package is lacking. Equipment is 50% what I hoped for, travel budget is 25%, and they fund only one grad student for 2 years. This will slow my lab-building.\n\nAs a note, I was asked to apply, but was planning to move to an industry position. The result was an early assurance that a competitive salary offer could be made. The offer just arrived. I have, technically, not yet begun negotiating.\n\nThe question: have I spent my capital on this higher salary, or is the salary a reason to think I should be able to negotiate further? Any suggestions on how to approach this in terms of tone/strategy?\n\nUpdate: because salary was a precondition of agreeing to apply, negotiating was indeed expected, and successful. My tone in negotiating was all about thanking them while identifying what more I needed to succeed.\n\nUPDATE: I negotiated beyond salary, successfully. The high salary was brought up in that process, and I nonetheless substantially increased my non-salary offer." ]

[ "tenure-track", "negotiation" ]

[ "How do I cite / write about something someone has just said during a presentation?", "I once attended a scientific conference with a few hundred participants. There, the CEO of Frobcorp, Inc.1 gave a keynote speech on what their product is about and how they accomplish certain things.\n\nThere is one piece of information that was mentioned during the keynote which is quite important to me. I would like to include it in a paper that I'm writing. (Or in my thesis at a later stage.)\n\nNow, this being a keynote, there were just a few slides with stock photos on them, so I don't have a physical reference to what was said there. I do however know that hundreds of others have heard the same piece of information (unless they were just checking e-mails during the talk).\n\nHow should I include this?\n\nDoes a sentence like the following make sense, or could it be dismissed for lacking a reference?\n\n\n As explained by the CEO of Frobcorp, Inc., during a keynote speech at the ... conference, they do ... to improve their Frobber™ product.\n\n\nI of course understand that this may depend on whatever field of science this is going to be published in, what the conference or journal is, and what my supervisor thinks.\n\n1 Yes, this is completely made-up." ]

[ "citations" ]

[ "How to create a hypothesis for a historical research?", "When writing a dissertation or a thesis about history, students and researchers are asked to state a problem and a hypothesis for that problem. My question is how to state a problem and a hypothesis for a historical event where we all know that history never changes and that it is restricted to already given facts?\nSupposing that someone is writing a thesis about the Battle of Waterloo ...All the info about the Battle of Waterloo are the same everywhere, what can this researcher add?? Nothing actually, he/she is going to end up summarizing a dozen of books about it without bringing anything new to the topic (not because he/she cannot but because it's history).\nWhat kind of problem statement that one can write about a Battle, a king, a conflict, ... \nI mean how can someone see problems in history and give hypotheses for them??\nPlease illustrate if you can" ]

[ "research-process", "thesis", "methodology", "history" ]

[ "Publishing on arXiv before submitting to an IEEE journal", "Since the review process for IEEE journals can take upto an year, I want to publish my paper on arXiv to make it available to the research community. I read that in order to have the paper on both arXiv and IEEE, I should submit to arXiv first and then to IEEE. But once the article is submitted to arXiv, it takes time to be announced and publicly available. So, should I submit to IEEE only after the article is announced on arXiv or can I submit to IEEE as soon as I've submitted to arXiv?" ]

[ "arxiv", "ieee" ]

[ "Why do universities support faculty writing textbooks?", "Textbooks take a lot of time and effort to write, so why would a university support their faculty to do so? The author can make a good profit from a textbook and I am guessing the institution doesn't get any of these profits. \n\nWhat about the grad students that edit and also work on the textbook? It seems as if they are working to fill the faculty member's pocket while being [partially] supported by the department/university and expected to do research.\n\nAll of this seems odd to me since it seems like the author is just using the university's resources to generate personal revenue, so why do universities support/allow their faculty to write textbooks?\n\nIf you need context, I am talking about in the US and specifically a freshmen/sophomore CS course's textbook." ]

[ "books" ]

[ "Cite a book in general and then a chapter in particular", "The question is in the context of a paper and a thesis in the area of computational science, computer science and chemistry. I manage my references with Mendeley, and import them into a LaTeX file using Bibtex.\n\nIn the introduction, I cite a book about the general approach used in that research project. Later on, in a section about methods and computer implementation, I'd like to refer to the specific chapter in that book from where some algorithms were taken. (Twice for two different chapters actually.)\n\nWhat's the correct way to cite that book in general and then the chapter in particular?\n\n(I also asked this question here, but it was recommended that I better ask in this community.)" ]

[ "publications", "citations", "thesis", "computer-science", "bibtex" ]

[ "In computer science, which place should corresponding author be listed?", "My supervisor, a master student and I just drafted and submitted a paper. My supervisor is the corresponding author and I want to put him as the last author. But he wants second place and the master student last.\nI thought the last author is the default corresponding author. I am just curious how would people tell who is the corresponding author on the paper? Should I put some special mark on his name? And one of my friends was once put into the last author. Then he could sometimes receive emails who mistakenly recognize him as a professor. But he is just help run some experiments and contributed least to that paper." ]

[ "computer-science", "authorship", "author-order" ]

[ "Is it appropriate for a professor to require students to sign a non-disclosure agreement before being taught?", "There's a professor at my school that claims to be writing a book. He is requiring students to sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) before certain lectures because he wants to maintain certain ideas of teaching his content part of his intellectual property.\n\nI think that part is reasonable (to an extent) since he is protecting his ideas.\n\nWhat I think is unreasonable is the fact that he requires all students to sign these NDAs, and offers no alternative presentation of the subject matter. Thus if a student does not wish to sign, they end up missing out on lectures that they have already paid the university to receive, and they have a potential of missing out on graded content that is \"covered\" by the material that the professor is restricting. \n\nStudents have no notice that this will happen prior to entering the class and thus are forced to sign if the don't want to withdraw." ]

[ "undergraduate", "intellectual-property" ]

[ "Use of Acronyms in the thesis", "I don't want to use acronyms in my thesis. but i have table which i am showing some data. I have to put acronyms in the table to make it inside the width. So i am using acronyms only in the table area. Can i do it in the table if i want and not at any other place.\nfor example Let say\n\nI am measuring speed(S) test(T) for instance .\n\nand then in the table can i have S , T ?\n\nNote speed and test are not first occurrences. I only want to use acronyms in the table and not any other part of the thesis. Is is ok to do that in thesis ?" ]

[ "thesis" ]

[ "France national research institutes hinder work by banning foreign online services", "I recently started a postdoc in France. I am not French, do not speak any French yet, and I am new to the culture.\n\nIt turns out that all national research institutes in France have a rule against using any foreign online service. All research data and communication must always stay on secure government networks and on French territory. In practice, this means that services like Skype, Dropbox, Gmail, etc. are banned, and we are sometimes reminded of this through the institute's mailing lists (in French only). An article mentioning Skype: https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/France_banning_Skype_from_universities\n\nI find that not being able to use such services seriously hinders my work. I cannot talk to collaborators while at work because they all use Skype, and talking from home is not always convenient (time zones, etc.) I cannot have a shared Dropbox folder with them. I cannot use my online backup service (Backblaze). I cannot forward my emails to a central mailbox (Gmail or other) that I will have access to even after I leave this institute. The institute does not provide easy to use replacements for most of these services. The ones that it does provide don't work well, are limited, inconvenient and unreliable.\n\nThe attitude of my colleagues spans a broad spectrum, from \"I don't give a damn\" to scolding me for wanting to use these services. The attitude of our PI is ambiguous (they aren't really a computer person).\n\nOur work does not require stricter security than usual (i.e. we don't collect personal information, medical data, etc.)\n\nHow would you deal with this situation? Complying with the rules would be a hindrance for my work, and would waste time. Not complying may be a risk for me. I am looking for advice from other people who also work in France. I would like to have opinions form people who work in other labs, and also some \"cultural advice\", as \"rule\" doesn't mean the same thing in all countries. Since this seems to be a national rule, others must have encountered the same problem." ]

[ "france" ]

[ "Has the DeWitt Clause, which prevents publication of named DBMS benchmarks, ever been successfully defended in court?", "Several commercial database vendors include an end-user license agreement provision, known as the DeWitt Clause, that prohibits researchers and scientists from explicitly using the names of their systems in academic papers.\n\nHas the DeWitt Clause ever been successfully defended in court?" ]

[ "publications", "software", "legal-issues" ]

[ "How to find published article from arxiv preprint", "I just came from here and have a related but different question. My question is, is there an online tool that will allow me to definitively check if a published version of a preprint exists and locate the published version?\nTake, for example, this paper. Perhaps it was never published in a journal. But is there a way to definitively know?" ]

[ "publications", "arxiv", "preprint" ]

[ "Should I give a copy of my thesis to those professors that supported me?", "I have just received my master's degree. And I am wondering, is it academically conventional to give a copy of my thesis to those professors that directly or indirectly supported me?" ]

[ "thesis", "etiquette" ]

[ "How to start writing my statement of purpose?", "I completed my undergraduate studies(B. Tech in Computer Science and Engineering) in 2012, and have been working in a tech start-up since then. I am planning to go for MS in Computer for fall 2015, I wanted to know what all material should I collect, before I start jolting down the initial draft(s) for my statement of purpose," ]

[ "statement-of-purpose" ]

[ "Does reusing my own code from one project to an other count as plagiarism?", "I am currently a under graduate and will be going into my final year of a Computer science course in October. \n\nThe final year consists of a large programming project. Over the last 6 months I have been working on ideas for the project. To the point where I have a nearly finished application. \n\nIf I was to use large chunks of code that I have written over the last 6 months in the project would this count as Plagiarism? It doesn't feel right been able to just copy and past code to get a head start on the project even though I had written the code in the first place." ]

[ "software", "bachelor" ]

[ "Students not answering emails about plagiarism", "I am a PhD student in the US and teaching a lab this semester. The labs have become online and students are provided with data and submit their reports. All communications take place through email. There is also online office hours but relatively few students attend.\nRecently I found two groups submitting the exact same drawing in one of their lab reports (this was a significant part of their work for the report). So I emailed them separately and asked whether this report was completely their own work. Or was it created by one of them and shared for others, and if not, where was it taken from. One of them did not reply at all. The other did, offering apologies but saying that we did not plagiarize. But they also didn't reply to my next email in which I told them exactly which part has been found in another group's work. Basically, they didn't say anything in the face of clear evidence.\nI should mention that I did have email communications with the same students before and I'm sure they have read my emails.\nIf it was an in-person class I could just talk to them in the next session to clarify things. But now, they're just ignoring my emails. This has left me with my own speculations. The most probable scenario is that both have used material from the previous semester, and since they neither denied, clarified, or apologized for this, I have lost confidence in their other reports too.\nThis is making it difficult for me to make an appropriate (proportionate) decision and honestly, I don't know what to make out of this. Are they too stressed/ashamed to reply or are they so relaxed about this that don't even bother to do so?\nHow should I proceed from here? Is it OK for students to ignore the instructor's emails on such an important issue? And should I continue grading their reports? As I said, I can't trust their works anymore even though I don't have evidence of further plagiarism elsewhere. Would it be appropriate or too much to give a failing grade because of a single verified incidence of plagiarism?" ]

[ "plagiarism" ]

[ "Is it possible to re-open a withdrawn article on arXiv?", "I would like to withdraw an article uploaded on arXiv because the proof contains a fatal mistake and, at the moment, I don't know whether it can be fixed or not. My question is:\n\nSuppose that I withdraw it on arXiv. Is it possible to re-open it in the future, or should I start a new one?\n\nPs. I am aware that all uploaded versions (including the withdraw) will be always online. That is why I am waiting before doing it." ]

[ "arxiv", "withdraw" ]

[ "Is it harder for academics to make fundamental discoveries than in the past?", "In present day academia, it seems much harder to make foundational breakthroughs than it was in the past. Most work now synthesizes previously discovered results to study something extremely specific. Although this extremely specific thing may be valuable to know, it generally does not have the potential to rewrite the field.\n\nFor example, in physics, the beginning of the 20th century saw the revolutionary development of general relativity and quantum mechanics. While there is still much to be learned in modern physics research, it is much more difficult for someone to make large, fundamental contributions to the field, simply based on the fact that the large, fundamental contributions were already made. Now, even an extremely productive researcher may only become well-known in their immediate subfield. Similar notions can be applied to art and a variety of other academic disciplines, in which it is more difficult for one single artist's work to be foundational to the field.\n\nDo academics worry much about the growing insignificance (for lack of a better word) of their work? Or is any knowledge gained worth the effort, simply because the academic enjoys studying the topic (no matter how esoteric)? Any sort of discussion about this concept would be enlightening." ]

[ "science", "academic-history" ]

[ "How to know which journal is open access?", "How to know which journal is open access?\n\nI have searched many journals homepage which give an option \"Supports Open Access\"\n\nBut I know open access journals after accepting papers charge huge amount of money from authors which I wont be able to give.\n\nSo can someone please help me to understand how to be sure that I dont fall into such traps and I submit in those journals which charge money after accepting my paper?\n\nThe following link is of Discrete Maths which is a top-journal.\nStill it states open access.\nhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/discrete-mathematics/articles-in-press\n\nIf someone helps me to know how to understand it,I will be really very grateful." ]

[ "publications", "paper-submission", "open-access" ]

[ "Grad students/postdocs taking ideas with them, what's normal?", "If a graduate student or postdoc develops or plays a large role in developing an idea (this could be anything from a new experimental method or new code for running simulations), what's supposed to happen when they move to a new institution? \n\nCan they use these ideas on their own after the move, share them with their new PI/colleagues, use them to get their own funding? I assume the answer is generally yes, but\n\n\nwhat if the idea is unpublished with the original group? \ndoes it depend on the idea, code/scripts vs. less tangible ideas?\n\n\nJust not sure what's the normal protocol or if I'm assuming incorrectly." ]

[ "graduate-school", "postdocs", "intellectual-property" ]

[ "Is reviewing papers mandatory?", "I am baffled by this question. Elsevier boycott aside, is one supposed to review a paper every time he/she is asked? And somebody will be upset if he/she declines the request to review? Or is this only maths thing?\n\nReviewing paper is unpaid, while it takes a lot of time and effort (at least for me). As such, I expect someone in editorial board to be thankful if one accepts to review a paper, and move on if his/her request for reviewing is declined.\n\nTo be angry with a (junior) researcher for not reviewing a paper is unacceptable behaviour for me. We are not slave.\n\nNote: Until now, I am happy every time I am asked to review a paper." ]

[ "peer-review", "early-career" ]

[ "PhD position interview: How specific should my idea of the topic be?", "I just finished my master in Geophysics with some help from here ;). Now I applied for several PhD positions in Natural Sciences and just got an invitation for a personal interview for one of them. \n\nThe topic of the position is described in the call but over all it seems very general to me (I really have no experience if that is common for PhD positions).\nDuring the interview I’m supposed to give a 10-15 min oral talk about \"specific research questions and methodologies\" I suggest to focus on and about \"results of a first paper\". \n\nI have some experience in one of the methods mentioned in the call and could probably come up with a quite elaborated idea for a paper (though I would have no idea if everything or anything would work the way I propose it, never having worked on a paper) \n\nMy understanding is hat even older scientists need time and work in a topic to figure out what exactly there paper will be about. So probably I should just kind of suggest a focus topic within the broad framework of the topics covered in the call?\n\nI guess my main question is: How specific should I really be?\n(because I should obviously try to avoid boring my interviewer by only repeating part oft he call)\n\nI should probably also mention that I have only three days to prepare." ]

[ "phd", "research-process", "job", "interview", "research-topic" ]

[ "Professor keeps students tests. No taking notes home when reviewing them.", "A friend of mine has a professor that does not allow the students to take home their graded test. The process the teacher has is like this:\n\nStudents come to class and the professor has everyone put everything away except a pencil. The tests are handed back and the students are allowed to see what they got wrong, and make notes on the test itself and ask questions. At the end of class, all tests are given back to the professor, and the students are not allowed to keep any notes made. Students may go to office hours to \"visit\" their test again if they would like. \n\nThe online quizzes are also peculiar, as they only show if a student got a question right or wrong, leaving out both the correct answer and the answer the student gave. \n\nThe reason the professor is so secretive about the tests is she allegedly reuses the tests. As such, she doesn't want students to be able to get last semester's test and be able to cheat from it. The professor thus far has been rather terse/short with students when they ask about how she runs the class. As such, only a couple students have asked her about these things.\n\nMy questions are:\n\nGiven the circumstances, is there any point in trying to ask the teacher to do things differently so that students can better learn from their mistakes?\n\nWould talking to the department head be beneficial or would that be pointless and possibly rude?" ]

[ "professors", "exams", "policy" ]

[ "Application deadlines for math phd program on a rolling basis", "I am interested in math phd programs for Algebraic Topology. Most of the programs that I am interested in have deadlines in December and January. I was under the impression that one generally submitted the application earlier, and early enough that people who take the subject in October don't get to see their scores before they are sent to colleges.\n\nIs this because the deadlines are on a rolling basis?" ]

[ "graduate-admissions" ]

[ "Data Collection in Academia: Insights?", "Data Collection is a primary objective in many academic fields and can be approached primarily through three different lenses - qualitative,quantitative and mixed methods. \n\nWith particular attention to computer science and HCI (human-computer interaction), what are some primary approaches to data collection? Specific references to primary, secondary and tertiary sources would be much appreciated." ]

[ "phd", "books" ]

[ "Is it appropriate to include a List/Summary of Theorems in a paper?", "I am 16 years old at the time of writing (so I have no supervisors to seek advice from), and I'm working on a Mathematics paper at the moment, which I plan on submitting to a journal for publication. In the paper I have about 9 lemmas and theorems in total; they are all just formulaic (by formulaic, I mean that they are all just formulae rather than an idea or property about something, eg for argument's sake the quadratic or cubic formula).\nIs it a good idea for me to include a list/summary of lemmas and theorems in the paper after my introduction, or should I simply include a couple of the main results in the introduction and not bother with a list of formulae I establish?\nIt just seems to me that to see all of the results without a summary near the beginning would be quite hard; you'd have to scroll down many pages.\nThank you for your advice." ]

[ "publications", "mathematics", "paper-submission" ]

[ "Bare bones undergrad coursework, lack of experience in highly competitive subfield", "I finished my 3rd year at a US public research university; however, since I switched majors 2.5 years into my studies (engineering to physics), I still have 2 more years to go. Because of this, I will only have the core undergrad classes under my belt (classical, stat., and quantum mech., as well as E&M with some relativistic treatments).\n\nI would like to apply to high energy theory groups, but I get the impression that successful applicants all have had multiple years of graduate coursework in physics and mathematics at their undergrad institutions. Of course, I understand that research experience is far more important (and I think I do well in that aspect), but there's no doubt that the other highly qualified applicants have stellar research experiences as well -- with work in topics relevant to hep-th, no less.\n\nMy question, then, is whether this impression is realistic, or if I'm totally off-base and misguided here. My biggest concern is that, from what I have been told, a PhD in HET is not worth it unless it comes from one of the top 10 programs (due to the scarcity of positions and lack of funding afterwards). Again, this may be a total misconception on my part, but the prospects do seem rough (more so than other academic positions, I should say).\n\nP.S.: FWIW, my interest in HET and cosmology grew from going through Anthony Zee's books on QFT and gravity (having self-studied the prereqs through a mix of Shankar and Griffiths), so I believe I have some idea of the actual nature/mathematics of the topics. However, I'm sure that saying something along these lines in my application, or how I go through the arXiv looking for papers I don't understand, is nothing short of pettiness. It would certainly be strange for someone with no formal experience in the subjects to profess deep interests in doing research in said field." ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "coursework", "physics" ]

[ "What would an inclusive curriculum look like in a computer science course?", "There exists plenty of literature about how to be inclusive, both in the workplace and in the classroom.\n\nI'm wondering how this might be done intentionally — specifically in the context of a computer science class — from a curricular standpoint. I'm thinking of generic intro-to-programming types of courses, which usually include algorithms and data structures.\n\nI have attended several workshops and have read a few articles, but haven't really delved into the literature about inclusivity in the classroom. From these workshops, I am quite comfortable being inclusive in the classroom (lectures, interactions, etc.) -- but I'm looking for ways to have that reach to homework, projects, and so on -- and specifically for computer science as far as possible." ]

[ "computer-science", "diversity", "curriculum", "inclusivity" ]

[ "Is it good to only read the high-rated journals as a starting PhD student?", "I just started my PhD in computer science (first year) and I enjoy reading the high-rated journals related to my field. It is true that I find them, sometimes, complicated (in some sense) and I cannot continue the reading. The reason why I like reading such journals is that (1) there are many beautiful ideas, (2) solid works and (3) I would like to submit to these journals in the future.\n\nI think, however, that this strategy is not quite good as a junior (student). May be I should read other conference papers and journals.\n\nCan you please suggest some useful advice." ]

[ "phd", "computer-science", "reading" ]

[ "Should I add a non-requested work to my major revision of a scientific journal paper?", "I am wondering if I should follow the advice of my co-advisor or a relative of mine who is also a researcher and used to write a scientific paper in the same field (but currently with less experience then my co-advisor).\n\nI will make it a bit more clear:\n\n\nI am a Ph.D. student in CS, specifically in networking, I wrote a scientific paper that I have sent to an Elsevier journal.\nLast month, the journal replied to my submitted paper and requested a major revision; so I know that I have a bunch of rework to do.\nOne of three reviewers was complaining about the contribution and evaluations/simulations that I have done, while the other two didn’t complain in the same manner.\nFollowing to this and in order to make it clearer for the complaining reviewer, my co-advisor advised me to add a small simulation/evaluation to my paper to clarify the contribution and justify why we considered various scenarios in terms of scale.\nIn the meanwhile, I asked a relative for help, he said that it is not a good approach to add this simulation/evaluation since no reviewer asked for it, and could be harmful to my work/my chances to being published.\n\n\nWhile I can agree with my relative about adding a non-requested work, my intuition pushes me to follow my co-advisor, since this is a little work that can clarify, justify more the need for considering various scenarios (which I have done and the reviewer didn’t understand why I did it)." ]

[ "publications", "journals", "peer-review", "writing" ]

[ "“Theories”/“frameworks” for how multiparadigmatic research should work (in the context of interdisciplinary research)?", "Interdisciplinary research is research generated from collaboration between people from different disciplines (or one person steeped in different disciplines). \n\nThis can mean simply that the multiple disciplines have knowledge of different domains of the world, and integrate their knowledge without any “paradigmatic tension” (where paradigm is meant in the philosophy of science sense, e.g. Kuhn’s sense). For example, a biologist and a chemist may cooperate on studying the biochemistry of a bacteria. The chemist has more knowledge of the low level chemical interaction, while the biologist has more knowledge of the higher level structure. The researchers combine knowledge of different aspects of the system, but are roughly within the same paradigm.\n\nHowever, for some disciplines, especially in the social sciences, different disciplines don’t merely have knowledge of different aspects of the system, but have different perspectives/frameworks for analyzing the same aspects of the system. There is some “paradigmatic tension”. For example, economists often use rational choice models, and may even apply them in contexts that would traditionally be seen as in the domain of sociology (e.g. there is a famous model of ethnic segregation using a simple mathematical toy model and rational choice). On the other hand, sociologists also study segregation but tend to use an entirely different methodology and philosophy. I think both approaches can generate meaningful insight about the phenomenon. interdisciplinary research between these two would I guess look somewhat different than that between a chemist and a biologist. The researchers not only have different knowledge about different parts of the (social) system, but also have different perspectives/approaches to analyzing a given aspect of the system. The researchers study perhaps overlapping aspects of the same system, but are doing so in different paradigms, which may have some tension between them\n\nI am wondering: Have things been written about how to deal with this latter type of “multiparadigmatic” research? Are there frameworks/philosophies for how to get such different types of disciplines to fruitfully work together?" ]

[ "philosophy", "interdisciplinary" ]

[ "Why data falsification / fabrication is found after degree is awarded?", "I saw on the internet that many degrees are revoked due to data falsification, but the question here is: how come colleges cant identify data falsification or manipulation before the degree is awarded? Do colleges have to wait for another person to report the misconduct and waste time and money?" ]

[ "publications", "research-process", "research-misconduct" ]

[ "Finding more recent review articles", "How can I find a more recent review article in a topic I am interested in? I have found a review article on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles published in 2015. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.015) How do I go about finding more recent work done on the same?" ]

[ "literature-search", "review-articles" ]

[ "Same citation in multiple paragraphs (undergrad paper)", "What I currently have is:\n\nparagraph 1\n\nparagraph 2\n\nparagraph 3 [1].\n\nWith that I want to show that I am citing all 3 paragraphs from the same source. But appearently this is not right. Is it enough that I do?\n\nparagraph 1 [1]\n\nparagraph 2 [1]\n\nparagraph 3 [1]." ]

[ "citations", "citation-style" ]

[ "What gets a paper rejected after conditional acceptance?", "In computer science conferences, the following publication timeline is somewhat common for conferences:\n\n\n\nFor those who have been involved in program committees, what gets a paper rejected after conditional acceptance? Further, does this happen often? Is there a common percentage of papers this happens with?" ]

[ "publications", "conference", "rejection" ]

[ "How to present data in a paper in terms of style", "I have previously been involved in a course, where we (the students) were supposed to use a specific style, when presenting our graphical data. By style I mean the size/color of legends, thickness of datapoints, layout of the figure, etc....\n\nDoes similar guidelines exist when publishing data in a peer-reviewed journal? Or is it entirely up to me to decide, how it should look?" ]

[ "publications", "graphics" ]

[ "The structure of a multiple-study proposal/thesis/manuscript?", "I'm going to write a proposal for my PhD thesis. I'm familiar with the outline of a proposal or thesis, but my thesis will involve two quite separate studies (like multiple-study articles). I want to know how should it be structured. It's going to be done about successful aging. It's a mixed method study. Actually studies are as follows:\n\n\nChoosing appropriate sample \nA qualitative research on the sample \nA quantitative research aiming to generalize the results of Study 2. \n\n\nI appreciate an example outline or an actual proposal/thesis." ]

[ "thesis" ]

[ "Can a PhD student write recommendation letter for me under whom I worked?", "A few years ago I did a month lab rotation in a lab. At that time I was doing my masters and I was directly supervised by the Ph.D. student (X) of that lab. He taught me all the techniques and corrected my lab report. Then I sent it to the group leader. So basically I worked closely with the Ph.D. student and also the work I did during this one month, X used them in his further test and analysis. So that year, he published the paper and acknowledged me in that article.\nNow I want to apply for a Ph.D. position and I wrote to that group leader who did not reply to me. So is it ok if I ask X to write one for me? (He completed his Ph.D. that year and I think he's a postdoc somewhere). we were not connected after that lab rotation but I got no choice except to ask X or that group leader who did not reply to me yet." ]

[ "phd", "advisor", "recommendation-letter", "professors", "germany" ]

[ "Do A+ grades (as an undergrad) matter at all for graduate school?", "If I get A+ grades then it will raise my GPA in my undergrad institution, as well as for Columbia which is where I want to go to graduate school for statistics. Should I try hard to get A+ grades or should I be content with As? Trying for A+ grades would not cut into any of my important academic activity such as research or my other classes because I already make all As, but it might slightly affect sleep and socialization.\n\nEdit (from answer): To be clear I am an undergraduate right now." ]

[ "graduate-school", "graduate-admissions", "grades", "gpa" ]

[ "How to answer tough questions / didn't hear the question?", "I am a PhD student and I'll be giving my first talks at an international conference soon. \n\nIn the past I have had tough questions from the audience that I did not know the answer to, or did, but it didn't come to mind until after the talk. \n\nI have also had occassions where I hadn't heard the questioner twice, after repeating, and I couldn't ask for a third time (I am a bit deaf). As a result, I responded with an answer to a question that might have been asked, which was sort of a gamble. \n\nI am curious, how do people best deal with these situations during talks? are there any 'formulas' of how to deal with this? what methods do people use to relax during question time?" ]

[ "conference", "presentation", "answering-questions" ]

[ "May additional time in college harm my chances of going to grad school?", "I'm an electrical engineering major (my home university is ranked #25 nationally). I'm about to start the fifth year(engineering takes 5 years in my country).\n\nI also granted a national science scholarship last year, and was an exchange student at University of Colorado at Boulder. I did very well over there (3.9/4.0).\n\nIn my country, electrical engineering and electronic/computer(EECS) science are different. Electrical deals with power systems and telecomunications, while EECS deals with microelectronics, dsp, embedded systems, theory of computation and so on.\n\nMy home university doesn't have the EECS option so I had to choose electrical engineering, since I hadn't money to move to another place.\n\nat CU Boulder, I basically only took classes in advanced math (even grad school level) that is my passion for life and computer science(another passion). Since I got back I'm not very motivated with my program, because I want to study EECS and math and not power systems.\n\nCurrently I'm attending the math summer program(summer here is January and February) at one of the leading math research institutes in my country(and even one of the best in the world) and I was invited to start the Master of Advanced Studies in March. They offered me a scholarship, so all my expenses will be covered. Since I didn't complete my undergrad studies yet, they offered to transfer my Engineering course to the school of engineering and math(ranked #1 nationally), and then after 2/2.5 years from march I'd have a bachelor's of electronic/computer science engineering, a second bachelor's degree in math and Master of Advanced studies in math. The only \"problem\" is that in the end, I'd have taken 7/7.5 years to complete my bachelor's of engineering program.\n\nMy question is the following: Will this \"long time\" for completing the engineering program harm my chances of being accepted by grad school, in math or computer science in a top graduate school? \n\nMay I argue in the applicant's form that I took 7.5 years because I moved on, I wasn't happy with my course/university, and when I chance to study my passions at the best schools in the country so I went forward ? (that would in fact be true)\n\nIn the whole thing I'd have 3 degrees(by # 1 institutes) in a total time of 7.5 years and a really good education, but I'm a little concerned about this \"time to complete\" thing, I really don't know how it works, specially in US\n\nCan someone help?\n\nThank you everybody,\n\nDmitri" ]

[ "graduate-admissions" ]

[ "If I want to become a professor, do universities care what field my PhD. is in or just that I have a PhD?", "I'm a self taught developer who was worked in the IT management field for a while. My academic background is an MBA and I currently teach classes on database development at a community college.\n\nI want to be a Professor one day, and had been considering what to do for my PhD. Ideally, I'd like to teach either in the CS field or the business field as that's where the cross-section of my work is. \n\nI've applied to jobs to teach at local Universities and Colleges in my state recently and I've had the feedback that I need a PhD preferably in field X.\n\nDue to life commitments the only options to me that are realistic would be to do a part-time online doctorate in education (EdD) since they are cheap. I can then go publish research in my field or even get a post-graduate certificate in CS or Business to validate my knowledge.\n\nMy question is, is this even worth-while? While it may be a harder path for me to get my foot in the door, do Universities require me to have a PhD in my field or do they just need me to have a Doctorate of some variety and then validate my knowledge in that field (either via publications, post-grad certs, or even teaching classes in that field etc)\n\nI already read through a similar question: Is it possible to become a professor in a field where you don't have a PhD degree? but it was very much focused on overlapping fields (e.g. finance and math)" ]

[ "phd", "career-path", "job-search", "changing-fields" ]

[ "How do journals improve their impact factor?", "I would like to know how journals improve their impact score? It seems that great journals have almost always been great and second tier journals have always been second tier. How does a journal go from obscurity to highly respected?" ]

[ "journals", "impact-factor" ]

[ "Can research papers postulate a theory without proof or assurance of correctness?", "What I mean is, can research papers be written on a problem for which there is a solution postulated but without any actual proof or working model to show that it does work?\n\nTo give context, the problem is in the context of Computer Software, and the solution provided is not backed up with a proof of concept." ]

[ "paper-submission" ]

[ "What can I do if I wrote a grant proposal with a professor, and now that it is funded he refuses to hire me?", "I discussed my ideas with a professor at a university here in China, where I live. He said that I should write a grant proposal and he will submit it, and if he gets a grant he will hire me (as a postdoc). So I did write a proposal and finally he got a grant, which will start in September-October. The funds seem to come from this Chinese university. \n\nI do have some written communications in which he stated (or suggested) that he would \"hire\" me if the grant got funded.\nBut now he does not want to hire me!\n\nWhat are my options? \n\nI declined a position because he promised to hire me. Now I have 3 months left in my current position and then I will be unemployed.\n\nHe will get the money from this grant with me or without. I just wrote a proposal statement. I am listed in a budget section as a Postdoc fellow and the proposed salary is also listed. My salary is the main part of the budget. It seems to be a good idea for a Prof to kick me from this budget and get a big piece of a pie. (Fortunately, this Prof is not able to get any results from my proposal because he has no idea what I am doing.)\n\nYesterday, when he said this news, I said that I do not want any explanations. A few hours later I sent him an e-mail where I asked to give me explanations. I have got no answer yet." ]

[ "funding", "postdocs", "interpersonal-issues", "research-misconduct", "china" ]

[ "Math PhD Applications: Is it better to show just my good GRE score, or should I also send my low initial score?", "I am applying for mathematics PhD programs in the United States. \n\nI did not major in mathematics as an undergrad and I did not do so well the first time around on the GRE Math subject test (about 60th percentile). I have since completed a Master's in mathematics and my score has improved to about 90th percentile.\n\nI think it could benefit me to send both scores since it shows my progress. Will admissions committees in general view this in a positive light? Or should I just send my most recent good score." ]

[ "phd", "application", "united-states", "gre" ]

[ "Conflicting views with my supervisor on how a thesis should be written", "My supervisor gave a lot of feedback (in actuality they are mostly complaints) about a part of my thesis (while I have let others read my work and they were more understanding of what I wrote). There are a few helpful things but overall I found lots of her comments are related to not having a deep understanding about the science and the \"end goal\" of such experiment i.e. how the data can be used to best contribute the world (She is not a big expert in this area of research albeit having some experience). \n\nShe seems to dwell excessively on the \"writing side\" i.e. simply write a publishable \"technical report\" following what others have reported in similar experiments (which there are tonnes of things I dont like and I am not alone, there are numerous critique papers in this field of research that criticizes how things are unreliable. She attributed it as I have not read others' works because my format and content seem to deviate from others, but in fact I have read tonnes of them but I just found too many flaws). \n\nI am more on writing for a full account and for the sake of science and advances (I know it may sound naive, but I really gave a lot of thoughts before I decide how my data should be used and interpreted but she thought they are excessive and didnt understand why I need to write them). While her comments may be useful in the sense of publishing a manuscript in a certain journal, however, I am under the impression that a thesis should be more free and more of a full account of what I can make the most out of my research, rather than straight up a manuscript catering to a certain journal.\n\nHowever, there is no way I can pass my thesis without passing my supervisor, so how should I approach it?" ]

[ "thesis", "advisor" ]

[ "Information on Planetary Science PhD programs?", "APS has a catalog available with information on graduate school programs in physics. I was wondering if anything similar exists for planetary science?\n\nSo far I have been going through individual university websites and professor pages to find information which is time-consuming." ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "undergraduate" ]

[ "Do you include skills in your CV?", "In any business CV/resume, the section of skills is a great deal with full descriptions such as\n\n\nCommunication skills: a few sentences of description of relevant\nexperience\nProject management: separate description\n\n\nHowever, I have not seen such emphasis in an academic CV. If any, it was a list of software skills at the end with the same weight as the hobbies.\n\nIs it appropriate/useful to put such emphasis on the skills? Or such descriptions are too subjective for an academic CV and should be presented in the cover letter (in a faculty application)?" ]

[ "cv", "job", "faculty-application" ]

[ "Do your PhD fast or strong?", "I am in the middle of my PhD and have some strategic decisions to make. I have the opportunity to finish my PhD more rapid, although it would compromise some perspectives/research, it will still (probably) be accepted. \n\nAlternatively, I can use my last year of PhD to research more to deliver a better overall PhD package, but then I would have to delay postdoc (and better pay). \n\nMy supervisor's concern is that my PhD delivery is important for future references, so it would be in my(ours) benefit to make it as strong as possible. \n\nIs his suggestion valid? Would a stronger PhD delivery potentially be better on a \"CV\" than one year of postdoctoral research?" ]

[ "phd", "postdocs" ]

[ "Sweden admission deadlines", "I have researched a few Swedish universities such as Uppsala, Lund, and Stockholm, and the Ph.D. admission deadlines vary a lot. When I go to ScholarshipDb.net and search for positions each has different deadlines too.\n\nI have finished my MSc. in Geography and want to apply for Geography Ph.D. programs. I have a time shortage because in our country six months after graduation the student will face two years of mandatory military service. I am confused right now because there are lots of different deadlines and admission dates. \n\nAre Swedish programs deadlines have a typical norm and are on fixed dates such as U.S. (Nov, Jan, Feb) or they're based on the advertising dates and are somehow unique?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "deadlines", "sweden" ]

[ "4 Years in PhD. No publications and adviser keep changing my research", "First of all, I need to apologize for writing a really long description. \n\nI started my PhD in Mechanical Engineering 4 years ago and working with a professor, who has no idea on what we are doing and keep changing research area based on the funding possibilities irrespective of our capabilities. He is holding an administrative position as an associate dean and he has no idea on latest methods. He always refer to the methods published in 1980's. \n\nFirst, I worked on an experimental research and had to stop after 1.5 years due to lack of funding to continue that. Then, I moved to a numerical research and used an open source software as my adviser didn't have money to buy a commercial software. Even though I had some experience in numerical work it took sometime to learn an opensource software. \n\nAfter spending so much time, I finally managed to develop a new solver to simulate my problem. \n\nI didn't get any input from my adviser as he didn't even want to listen to my research issues. The only thing he ask whenever I met him is do you have results to publish and when you are going to write a paper. Whenever I explain a technical issue he get furious and blame me. Then he doesn't talk to me for at least a month and he forgets what happened. Most of the time, I have to explain what's the problem I'm working on. \n\nLast year he asked me to change my research, as my problem takes at least 2 days to run one simulation, which is normal in similar simulations. He told me that my solver is useless and there is no point of having a such code if it takes more than 4 hours. I was explaining why it takes long time and it's normal in such simulations even with a commercial software. But he got really angry and scolded me. Finally, I had no option other than changing my research because, I'm funded from his TA position (though the funding coming from the department). \n\nNow, I have worked on this research for 6 months and he is still complaining about the simulation time. Now he wants me to abandon my work again as one of his friends found a paper (which is published in 1975) on a different method that claims it can solve similar problems faster. However, that method is based on many assumptions and no one has used that method after 1985 due to its limitations. \n\nAnd my problem has completely different physics and cannot be used at all. I showed him some of the review papers which explain why that method is wrong and why no one uses it. But, he doesn't believe it and told me don't trust all the papers you read because most of the review papers are wrong as different authors interpret things in different ways. And he scold me saying there is no error in that method and it's me who try to find excuses not to change it. \n\nI have tried to change my PI several times, but no other professor wants to take me as they don't want to make any problem with associate dean. I tried to apply other universities and they are expecting a recommendation from my adviser. I know clearly that my professor will never give me a recommendation to leave the group. He once told me and our lab mates, it won't be easy to leave this group even if you want. \n\nNo one in this university will dare to take my student. and he once told me that he cannot see me graduating at least in 2020. I don't really know what I should do. \n\nI'm an international student and my I-20 will expire in 2 months and I need his authorization to extend it. I'm 29 years old and I'm actually not in a position to take a risk." ]

[ "publications", "phd", "advisor" ]

[ "Can I include my published paper in the mail?", "I have written a professor from the USA about a Ph.D. position with my CV. He replied saying its excellent and I should apply in the next fall. Now I have some queries which I will ask him in my next mail and one of my paper has been published today in a very good journal (which I wrote 'submitted' in my CV). Should I include my paper in my next mail saying you can have a look? Will it add extra value or a good impression?" ]

[ "publications", "phd", "graduate-admissions", "united-states", "professors" ]

[ "I wrote a thesis for my undergraduate degree - it was published but not in a journal. Is it still relevant to cite?", "I wrote a thesis involving not-quite-graduate-level research prior to graduating with my undergraduate degree. It was presented at a conference [by another researcher from our lab], and not published in a journal or peer-reviewed publication. I have cited it for several years as part of my resume - at what point is it no longer relevant to include?\n\nNote for clarification: I have had only one other publication in the [approximately ten] years since completion of my undergrad work." ]

[ "thesis", "undergraduate", "research-undergraduate" ]

[ "Can I trust new articles in a high-impact journal with abnormal number of corrections for older ones?", "Currently I survey new literature by subscribing to the RSS feed of high-impact journals. Especially for the journal nature communications (IP > 12) I see much much higher number of correction articles than in any other journal, also other journals of the nature publishing group.\nHow should I judge this? Especially when mostly author corrections? Or can this be explained by factors like:\n\npure online journal, corrections in printed journals are less common or editing more thorough\nmany submissions and articles published im comparison to average journal\nopen access\n\nSo, in other high impact journals from science, APS, AIP, ACS this doesn't seem to happen.\nAs the reviewers of all journals are likely and mostly voluntary academics, I'm really wondering what is so special/the problem with this high-impact journal." ]

[ "peer-review", "journals", "bibliometrics" ]

[ "How to write papers efficiently when English isn't my first language?", "I am a PhD student from China. I can read papers relatively fast and get the main point. The problem is that I cannot write efficiently. I don't know how to express myself or I forget the appropriate phrases when writing. Can any other researcher help me solve this problem?" ]

[ "writing", "language" ]

[ "Answering form letter graduate school application emails", "As a professor in a North American university, I receive a number of what I consider to be form letter graduate school application emails from outside the country. These emails generally feature some statement about being familiar with my research or offering generic praise for my research, followed by a description of the applicant's background and skills that have absolutely nothing to do with my research (but fall into the broader field of my department).\n\nI tend to quickly delete these emails, but I'm concerned that not responding may be ambiguous and may further contribute to the practice of these students sending out mass form letter emails. I'm considering drafting a form letter response acknowledging that I received the email and specifying the background/skills I am currently looking for, with an invitation to send another email if the student can demonstrate how their experience aligns with my interests. \n\nDoes this seem productive? Are there better ways to respond to such emails?" ]

[ "etiquette", "application", "email", "spam" ]

[ "Unwanted references in author proof", "By mistake, unwanted references are present in my accepted manuscript and I want to remove them from my author proof copy. Will the manuscript go to the editor once again or not?" ]

[ "publications", "proofreading" ]

[ "Are there general guidelines for including code in a research paper?", "I'm a beginning researcher trying to write a research paper , so please bear with some of the really basic questions I might have. I've already looked around for some help online, but the websites I found were vague.\n\nMy program is written in perl. Should I include my code in the paper? If so, is there a maximum number of lines? Will people expect me to include all of it in the paper (either in the appendix or in the body) or can I just write out in text the general idea of what it does?" ]

[ "writing-style", "code" ]

[ "What should I do in the yearly group event?", "I am a first year PhD student. In our group there is this tradition of going to a small village town during an extended weekend and giving presentations. \n\nBeing a rookie in the group I have never participated in such an event. I have no idea what it is about. Is it about science, is it about fun, or else?\n\nI asked other senior members of the group, they said it is a mix of both.\n\nObviously, I have to present something in this event and looking back at my work so far, I feel horrible when I compare it to the other PhD candidates. Yes they are seniors and have done more, but still...\n\nIs it worth including these topics in my presentation:\n\n\nthe topic of my research (should I explain in detail what it is, and how it works?!?)\nthe project I work for\nthe students I supervise\nmisc...\n\n\nHas anyone else participated in such an event? What is its purpose? How to appear good although I am the rookie in the group? What is the tone of the presentations in such an event?" ]

[ "phd", "group-dynamics", "research-group" ]

[ "How to cite when I want to use a direct quote in the same sentence as an in-text citation with no parenthesis in APA?", "For example, I want to describe a paper with a direct quote from it. Would this be OK: \n\nPieters and Wedel (2007) “revealed goal control of attention even during a few seconds of self-paced ad exposure with an eye-tracking experiment” (Pieters & Wedel, 2007, p 224)\n\nI use APA 6th edition as the guideline." ]

[ "citations", "writing", "formatting" ]

[ "How to publish thesis as a book after getting most of the thesis published as research articles", "How to publish thesis as a book after getting most of the thesis published as research articles in SCI journals. Do I need to get permission from the journals for copyright transfer before publishing the thesis as a book?" ]

[ "phd", "thesis", "books" ]

[ "I am applying to a Philosophy Master degree which I have little experience on, what should I do with my CV and cover letter?", "I did Economics for my Undergrad but I switched to Philosophy for my Taught master degree. I absolutely love Philosophy but I only have a Merit for it, so I didn't think I would be competent enough for a PhD so I have been working in banking for about 1.5 yr instead.\n\nBut now I want to apply to another Taught Master degree which focuses on Logic, with the goal of applying to a PhD eventually, since I feel that I need a Master to boost up my knowledge/exposure in Philosophy and Logic before jumping to PhD.\n\nThe problem is I have very little I can talk about in my cover letter and CV...\n\nWhen I look at the others' CV I see a long list of awards, publications...etc. In contrast, I have hardly any exposure to Philosophy from my Undergrad except a course in ethics, and one in intro to logic.\n\nFrom my Master I have 5 paper assignments + 1 dissertation with no in-depth research to talk about (since my dissertation really just explained two opposing theories in my own words without much original input from my own, I simply did not have enough ideas about Philosophy back then to develop my own ideas).\n\nI have indeed been self-studying logic/discrete maths on my own while I have a 9-6, sometimes 9-7 job. This is perhaps my biggest pros since I think it does take determination, but it seems cheeky to elaborate on it and also difficult to develop as a point. I also haven't been making a good progress on it since I can only do about 1 hr of studying every night...\n\nAll in all I don't think my CV would last more than 1 page, so I am desperate for any idea to expand on it. Could anyone please help? Thank you so much!" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "masters", "application", "cv" ]

[ "Is it okay to publish my personal notes from a lecture?", "Would it be considered ethical to publish my own personal notes from class? In addition, is there a change when the class transitions from in session to being complete (at the end of the semester)?\n\nFor example when this may be relevant, there are courses where the Professor publishes his slides onto a class portal, but excludes certain material that is only covered in class. This is to incentivize students to show up, rather than only study from the from published slides." ]

[ "ethics", "coursework", "note-taking", "lecture-notes" ]

[ "Is finding an interest in Mathematics in late teens not a good sign for amazing research capability?", "I am 19 years old. I was average in high school in Mathematics. I never participated in IMO or related competitions. As a result I didn't join a prestigious undergraduate school. However during 2nd year in abstract algebra courses I developed an obsession for the subject. My advisor told me to look over some graduate level abstract algebra textbooks which I certainly will. \n\nMy school can offer me some grad level courses in my fourth year like Class Field Theory and Modular Forms. Nonetheless, not being able to attend a prestigious undergraduate still haunts me. I know it will certainly affect my graduate school admissions.\n\nIn the long term, do late bloomers in Mathematics have a chance to pursue good research careers in Mathematics?" ]

[ "graduate-admissions", "mathematics", "career-path" ]

[ "Difference between \"faculty member\" and \"faculty person\"", "I've occasionally heard the phrase "faculty person" used, apparently as an alternative to "faculty member".\nAre these exactly equivalent, or are there any subtle differences in meaning, connotation, or usage? Is there any reason to prefer one to the other in any particular setting?" ]

[ "terminology" ]

[ "Thanking supervisor after a year", "About a year ago, I finished my Master's thesis, which was supervised by one professor from my university, and two people from a different university. One of the two is a professor, but he was not involved much in the daily supervision. When finishing up my thesis and presentation, times were quite hectic, and only now I realised I may have never thanked the professor from the other university as he was not present at my presentation. I did approach him for a reference letter later, and thanked him for that when letting him know I got the job.\n\nNow I feel quite rude, but I am not sure if I should do anything. Mostly, I am afraid of it being awkward if I bring this up after a year. Am I overreacting? What would you recommend?" ]

[ "thesis", "advisor" ]

[ "Is it inappropriate for an author to copy and paste from his/her original paper in an extension paper?", "I am currently a referee for a paper.\nOne of the authors of the paper had written an earlier paper,\nwhich I will refer to as the \"original paper,\"\nand the paper which I am now refereeing is an extension of the original paper,\nwhich I will refer to as the \"extension paper.\"\n\nI have found that large portions of the extension paper\nare copied from his original paper.\nIn particular,\na whole section of definitions is copied from his original paper;\nand some paragraphs in the introduction and literature review\nare copied wholesale or with slight modifications from the original paper.\n\nIs it acceptable for an academic paper to copy paragraphs and even a section from an earlier paper by the same author?\n\nMy intuition suggests that it is acceptable to copy the definition section,\nwith an acknowledgement that it came from the original paper,\nsince definitions are standard.\nBut it seems strange to me for the introduction and literature review\nto be too similar to the original paper." ]

[ "publications", "peer-review", "plagiarism", "self-plagiarism", "extended-paper" ]

[ "Become not interested in my research topic after two years of my PhD?", "I am supposed to finish my PhD in four years. But after two years of working on a topic, I become not interested in the topic any more. I found out that the topic is boring. What should I do? Should I continue forcing myself to work on the topic, or should I change to something more interesting? I do not want to extend my PhD since my funding only allows me to pursue the degree for four years.\n\nEDIT:\nThe research topic is quite old, and I think it does not have too much potential in future development. There are already many methods to solve the problem I am working on, and doing a PhD is not using the existing methods, but inventing new ones; this is rather difficult and depressing." ]

[ "phd" ]

[ "How to deal with student's feedback about tutor", "I'm a professor's assistant and design the exercises for his class. Each week the students are assigned some homework, which will be corrected by a tutor. I got an email from a student, who "complains" about his tutor.\nIn essence, he does not understand the grading of his tutor. While the tutor answers his questions during the weekly exercise about his grading, he does not honor the request to be more transparent in advance.\nThe student makes it clear, that he has no bad intentions, he would be satisfied if this is just the way it is (and he is just used to more clear grading from other classes). He didn't contact the tutor directly, because he doesn't have his email address and he wanted to raise awareness to this issue.\nNow, I'm unsure how to proceed. We have a weekly meeting with all three tutors and the professor where we talk about stuff related to the class, but I don't want to paint him in a bad light in front of the others.\nSpecific questions:\n\nShould I refer to the student by name or leave him anonymous?\nShould I mention this to the professor?\nShould I speak with the tutor 1on1 or bring this up as a generic mention to all tutors?" ]

[ "teaching", "teaching-assistant", "feedback" ]

[ "How to explain in PhD interview about leaving current PhD due to lack of funding?", "I am invited to interview for a PhD position. I am very afraid about the questions which will be asked. However I have a big fear, and it is that I am currently PhD student, started 1.5 year ago. I was the only PhD student in the group who was not paid, so I needed to work extra for an international research project to finance myself. Some months ago I again spoke with my supervisor and he told me he has no budget and I am free to leave the group whenever I like! \n\nDue to all this, I decided to change my group. Now I am invited to interview for a competitive PhD position ( in another university but the same city). I would like to get this fully paid position which also fits well to my experiences, however I do not know how to tell the new professor about my current PhD? \n\nI did not mention my current PhD in CV, and just wrote about my working experience in the last 1.5 year. \n\nHow shall I explain this issue to new professor? Can this issue be a reason that he does not accept me?" ]

[ "phd", "interview", "transfer-student" ]

[ "Who( editor or reviewer) reviews a revised manuscript?", "I sent an article to a top journal. It was reviewed by 2 reviewers. The decision made was 'revision'. I revised the manuscript and sent a detailed point by point response to reviewer comments. During revision the status changed directly from 'with editor' to 'decision in process' within a span of 4 days. I was under the impression that the reviewers would go through the paper again and based on their comments a decision would be made by the editor. But it seems that the editor is making the decision himself. Is this correct?\n. The result is yet to be received, so fingers crossed ;)" ]

[ "peer-review" ]

[ "To what extent can I refer to closed-access reviewer comments in my public task management workflow?", "I have written and submitted a manuscript to a journal owned by Oxford University Press. This manuscript describes the associated source code, which is stored in a public GitHub repository. The journal has sent this manuscript to reviewers, and they have responded with some suggestions on how to improve the code. I would like to implement these suggestions in my code.\nTo what extent can I refer to these suggestions in my public task management workflow (ie GitHub)? I'm not even sure who owns the IP to the peer reviews themselves, but I assume that, since it's a closed review system, I am not allowed to reproduce the comments. In that case, can I paraphrase these suggestions when I write my GitHub issues? Each GitHub issue is a public thread for tracking information about tasks, their scope and their progress. If yes, can I explicitly tag these issues as being derived from peer review? Or will this leak too much of associated IP? More broadly, how can I balance my desire for open and transparent software development, with a closed review process?" ]

[ "peer-review", "paper-submission", "intellectual-property", "open-science" ]

[ "What leverage do universities have over sexual violence in fraternities?", "IMPORTANT: The allegation of gang-rape in the Rolling Stone article that formed the basis for this question has been retracted; later evidence on the matter shows that the allegation that gang-rape occurred at the fraternity was false. Other similar events have since been alleged at other universities: Baylor, Yale and Wisconsin\n\n\nRolling Stone recently reported a horrific preplanned gang rape at a Phi Kappa Psi fraternity house at the University of Virginia, with the victim's \"friends\" telling her afterward not to report the crime, on the theory that \"She's gonna be the girl who cried 'rape,' and we'll never be allowed into any frat party again.\"\n\nUnder pressure, the university has belatedly decided to suspend fraternity events until January. This seems pathetically inadequate to me, but what can a university actually do in this situation that will have a significant and lasting effect on a firmly entrenched rape culture? Are there cases where other schools have done something more effectual? Supposing for the sake of argument that they were willing to completely disassociate themselves from one frat, or from the frat system as a whole, would it do any good? I assume that the frats own their houses, and the schools can't actually shut them down." ]

[ "united-states", "administration", "sexual-misconduct" ]

[ "Part time MPH degree while doing full time PhD", "I will be joining a full-time PhD program in North America in August (physical and biological sciences). While my PhD topic is my principal interest, I'm also interested in public health and health policy related challenges, and this will help me in my planned future career. I have observed that there are a number of online (part-time) MSc / MPH degrees in public health being offered by well-respected universities. \n\nMy question is: \n\na) Is it generally speaking permissible to enrol in another part-time program while you are pursuing a full time PhD? \n\nb) Based on my own previous research experience, chat with my future supervisor and the members of the research group, my schedule is likely to be anywhere between 7-9 hours a day (weekends free). In principle, 20 hours of work (per week) on a part-time degree is something I should be able to do, however is this practical? \n\nIf it helps, PhD will be in experimental science (laboratory work) \n\nLook forward to perspectives" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-school" ]

[ "What is a \"series volume no\"?", "A journal asked me to add the "series volume no" of a book in my list of references:\n[10] P. Buser,Geometry and Spectra of Compact Riemann Surfaces, Modern Birkhäuser Classics,Q11Reprint of the 1992 edition (Birkhäuser, Boston, 2010).\nFrom "mathscinet" i get this,\n@book {MR2742784,\n AUTHOR = {Buser, Peter},\n TITLE = {Geometry and spectra of compact {R}iemann surfaces},\n SERIES = {Modern Birkh\\"{a}user Classics},\n NOTE = {Reprint of the 1992 edition},\n PUBLISHER = {Birkh\\"{a}user Boston, Ltd., Boston, MA},\n YEAR = {2010},\n PAGES = {xvi+454},\n ISBN = {978-0-8176-4991-3},\n MRCLASS = {58J50 (30F10 32G15 58J53)},\n MRNUMBER = {2742784},\n DOI = {10.1007/978-0-8176-4992-0},\n URL = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4992-0},\n\nbut i don't know where is the "series volume no".\nTanks for any discussion or answer\n}" ]

[ "publications", "reference-managers" ]

[ "What is a good ratio of \"What I want to research\" vs. \"My experience that shows I can research\" in a Statement of purpose?", "I am composing my statement of purpose for U.S. Graduate schools in Mathematics and am struggling to determine the proper balance of what my research plans are, and giving background in terms of independent studies, seminars, circumstances, etc. Currently, I have three paragraphs of background not available elsewhere in my application, and one explaining my plans for the future. Is this a good ratio? Should I focus more on expanding my research goals? Or do I need to have less background (One paragraph is explaining a major change)?" ]

[ "phd", "graduate-admissions", "graduate-school", "statement-of-purpose" ]

[ "Asking a professor to be my advisor (math)", "I'm applying to graduate school and there is a professor at my home university I am interested in working with. As a bit of background, I have been doing undergraduate research with this professor for about a year now and he seems to like me (though maybe he's nice to everyone. I can't be certain). My research under him has been going well as hes told me I've been doing good work. In fact, he uses exclamation marks sometimes, which I find to be odd. Fast forwarding a bit, I've recently wrapped up the project. Given my academic history with him, if he was interested in working with me, would he ask me to be his student (sorry if this comes off as having an inflated ego, I don't have one.) All in all, I'm not sure how to proceed in asking him." ]

[ "graduate-school", "advisor" ]