TIMESTAMP
stringlengths 27
27
| ContextTokens
int64 3
7.44k
| GeneratedTokens
int64 6
1.9k
| text
stringlengths 9
41.5k
| time_delta
float64 0
3.44k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
2023-11-16 18:40:26.4645960 | 4,112 | 7 |
Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier, Christine D. and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net
THE SCRAP BOOK.
Vol. I. MARCH, 1906. No. 1.
Something New in Magazine Making.
THE SCRAP BOOK will be the most elastic thing that ever happened, in the
way of a magazine--elastic enough to carry anything from a tin whistle to
a battle-ship. This elasticity is just what we should have in
magazine-making, but it is precisely what we do not have and cannot have
in the conventional magazine, such, for example, as _The Century_,
_Harper's_, MUNSEY'S, and _McClure's_.
A certain standard has grown up for these magazines that gives the editor
comparatively little latitude. Custom has decreed that they shall carry
nothing but original matter, and that it shall be dignified and
tremendously magaziny--so magaziny, in fact, that often it is as juiceless
as a dried lemon.
To republish, in successive issues of a magazine of this type, a
considerable proportion of the gems of the past, or the best things
printed in current publications, or to swing away recklessly from
convention in the illustrations and make-up, would be to switch the
magazine out of its class and into some other which the public would not
accept as standard.
In THE SCRAP BOOK we shall be bounded by no such restrictions, no
restrictions of any kind that come within the scope of good journalism.
With our average of two hundred pages of reading matter, we shall carry
the biggest cargo of real, human-interest reading matter that has ever
been carried by any magazine in the wide world.
In size alone it will be from forty to eighty pages larger than the
standard magazines, and by reason of the fact that its space is not taken
up by illustrations, and that we use a smaller, though perfectly distinct
type, the number of words in THE SCRAP BOOK will be a good deal more than
double that contained in these other magazines.
With such a vast amount and such a wide variety of reading, there is
something in THE SCRAP BOOK for every human being who knows how to read
and cares at all to read. Everything that appeals to the human brain and
human heart will come within the compass of THE SCRAP BOOK--fiction, which
is the backbone of periodical circulation; biography, review, philosophy,
science, art, poetry, wit, humor, pathos, satire, the weird, the
mystical--everything that can be classified and everything that cannot be
classified. A paragraph, a little bit, a saying, an editorial, a joke, a
maxim, an epigram--all these will be comprised in the monthly budget of
THE SCRAP BOOK. We are starting off with four good serial stories, and
next month another will be added, and then another, so that we can
maintain an average of six.
There isn't anything in the world just like THE SCRAP BOOK--nothing, in
fact, that compares with it at all. There are review magazines, and small
weekly reviews, and there are, or have been, eclectic magazines; but never
before has anything been attempted on the scale and magnitude of this
magazine. It is an idea on which we have been working for several years,
and for which we have been gathering materials. We have bought hundreds
and hundreds of scrap books from all over the country, some of them a
century old, and are still buying them. From these books we are gathering
and classifying an enormous number of gems, and facts and figures, and
historical and personal bits that are of rare value.
Furthermore, we have a corps of people ransacking libraries, reading all
the current publications, the leading daily papers, and digging out
curious and quaint facts and useful facts and figures from reference
books, cyclopedias, etc., etc.
This first number is but the beginning of what we have in mind for THE
SCRAP BOOK. It is so voluminous in the number of its words, and so varied
in its subjects, that in arrangement and matter it necessarily falls short
of the perfected magazine at which we are aiming. Our purpose, in a word,
is to give more first-rate reading, on a wide variety of subjects, for our
great big eighty millions of people than has ever before been presented in
any single periodical, and to give this magazine at the people's
price--the nimble dime.
FRANK A. MUNSEY.
The Latest Viewpoints of Men Worth While
James J. Hill Warns America of Dangers that Threaten Her
Future--Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman and Lord Avebury Deal
with the Questions of the Day in England--Dr. Martin
Predicts a Great Awakening in China--Governor Folk Foresees
the Downfall of "Graft"--Lewis Nixon Speaks of What He Saw
in Russia--Dr. Osler Explains His Philosophy of
Life--Russell Sage Gives Some Practical Advice--With Other
Striking Expressions of Opinion from People of National or
International Reputation.
_Compiled and edited for_ THE SCRAP BOOK.
THE COMING TEST OF AMERICAN RESOURCES.
James J. Hill, Seeing Trouble Ahead,
Warns His Fellow Countrymen That
There Are Dangers to Be Met.
At last James J. Hill--the silent railroad king of the Northwest, has
given us his full and free opinion on the business policy of the United
States. Throughout his long career it has been his plan to "say nothing
and saw wood." He has been too busy to talk. The man who plunges into a
dense wilderness, as he did, and transforms it into four or five
prosperous States, has no time to run a public opinion factory.
But recently, while at a gathering of his friends in St. Paul, Mr. Hill
unlocked his tongue and spoke out. It was a remarkable address, made by a
remarkable man, and the meat of it was as follows:
The nation at large feels that it is immensely prosperous.
We are cutting a wide swath; there is no doubt of it. But if
we will get down closer and examine what we are doing, we
will find that we are living profligately and squandering
our heritage in every possible manner.
We should insist upon better cultivation of the land. For on
that one item depends your future growth and prosperity, and
there is no other item to which you can look; no other
source of wealth than that which comes out of the
cultivation of the soil.
If the soil is protected, if it is intelligently handled, if
your crops are properly rotated, if the land is fertilized
and rested and treated with proper care, you have a mine in
the soil that will never be exhausted; quite unlike the
other mine.
The millions and hundreds of millions of dollars coming into
the Northwest from the annual crops, while it is large,
isn't half as large as it ought to be.
Our Free Lands Are Gone.
Our public domain is exhausted. Last year over a million
people came from across the Atlantic to the United States,
and the natural increase certainly is a million and a half
more. What is to become of these people? They are to be
driven fairly into the factories and workshops and no place
else.
They can leave our country and go to the Canadian Northwest,
as many have gone. But that country will be populated to its
extent very soon, much sooner than you think. It has not an
unlimited area.
Try and cast your mind twenty or twenty-five years ahead. At
that time we should have one hundred and fifty or one
hundred and sixty millions of people. Where are they going?
Who is going to feed them? They can manufacture. We have
the raw material. We have the coal and the iron and the
copper and the lead. They can manufacture. Who will buy it?
We have got to a point where we are selling our heritage; we
are selling our rich deposits of iron and our coal and our
rich soil, and exhausting it as well.
People of other countries are exercising the utmost, closest
intelligence in everything that pertains to economy in
production. Take, for instance, the German nation to-day,
and they lead the world or any period in the history of the
world in industrial intelligence and industrial management.
Competition Grows Fiercer.
I was in England in November, and met a sad sight--Trafalgar
Square filled with idle people, large numbers of idle people
asking for bread up around Hyde Park. Why? The men who carry
on the work, who paid the pay-rolls, are no longer engaged
in the business.
What they had they have turned into money, and have bought
securities or something else, trying to save what they have
got.
In the west of England, which was a great center of
broadcloth manufacturing and of woolen goods, their output
is less than a quarter of what it was twenty-five years ago.
Germany is selling cutlery in Sheffield.
And I took pains to look around London, and to walk into the
shops and find out. I couldn't buy a pair of lisle-thread
gloves that were not made in Germany. Underclothing,
stockings, cloth, almost everything made in Germany. They
have a system of education in Germany. They educate their
men.
Now I am not going to undertake to say that their way is
better than ours, but I want to impress this on you, that
when this country has a hundred and fifty million people
they have got to do something; they have got to earn a
living.
Who will buy the goods? Who will employ them? In what shape
are they to meet the competition that England is meeting
to-day? And a million and a half of idle men asking for
bread in England, and no bread for them except such as
charity doles out. They have got to be carried out of Great
Britain and a new place found for them. There is no other
solution.
It is all well enough to talk about what we are doing.
Examine it closely and you will find that we are doing
nothing except selling our natural resources and exhausting
them. When you dig a ton of ore out of the ground you can't
plant another ton, as you could potatoes; it is gone. And
when the fertility of our fields, the fertility of the soil
is gone, where are we going to replace it from?
Teach the Boys to Work.
I am not going to find fault with education; it never hurt
anybody. But if, in place of spending so much time and so
much money on languages and higher studies, we fitted them
for the life that they are going to follow, for the sphere
in which they are going to move, we would do more for them.
I know that in two or three, more or less, railroads in
which I am interested, the pay-rolls cover eighty to ninety
thousand people. We have tried all manner of young
men--college men, high-school men, and everything else--and
I will take a boy at fifteen years old who has to make a
living--his chances will be better if he has to contribute
to the support of a widowed mother--I will take him and make
a man of him, and get him in the first place, before you
would get most of the others to enter the race with him;
simply because he has to work. He has to work, he has the
spur of necessity; he must work.
If there be anything that you can do, I feel sure that you
will all put your hands to the plow and help; but you will
never build a city faster than you have a country to support
it. And that is the first and the most important thing.
FREE TRADE IS VITAL TO GREAT BRITAIN.
Sir Henry Fowler Says that an Import
Tax Upon Food Would Be Ruinous
to the English People.
Free Trade, which has been the policy of England for sixty years, is again
on trial, and the battle waxes fierce. There is a growing effort to work
in the thin wedge of "a moderate tariff, not protective but defensive,"
but the opposition are fighting it with every weapon in their armory of
protest. England to-day is not self-supporting, her rural industries have
been declining for years, and the country receives from abroad the far
larger quantity of its food and raw material.
Thirty per cent of the people are underfed and on the verge of hunger.
Thirty per cent of forty-one millions comes to over twelve millions.
This significant statement comes from the lips of Sir Henry
Campbell-Bannerman, the new English premier, in a speech against the
proposal for preferential tariffs with the colonies, at Perth, on June 5,
1903. Three years has not changed the situation for the better.
Winston Churchill, M.P., puts the situation thus:
The mass of people are absolutely dependent for the food
they eat and the material they employ upon supplies of food
and raw material which reach them mainly from abroad. They
are dependent on the condition of a crop at one end of the
world and the state of a market at the other; and yet, upon
this artificial foundation, through this inestimable
advantage of unfettered enterprise and of unrestricted
sea-communication, they have been able to build up a vast
industrial fabric which it is no exaggeration to say is the
economic marvel of the world.
In 1904, the amount of merchandise brought into the United Kingdom was
nearly $2,740,000,000. For thirty years England's imports have been
rapidly increasing, while her exports, comparatively speaking, have
remained stationary. The situation can be put in a way readily appreciated
by Americans if we realize that the entire British Isles are smaller than
New Mexico, and yet contain about half as many people as are in the United
States.
It is the foreign trade of Great Britain that is claimed to be the
salvation of the nation. In 1904 this amounted to over $4,600,000,000, and
last year, the figures for which have not yet been published, was the
greatest in oversea trade in the history of the nation.
Sir Henry Fowler, a leader of the Liberals, said, in a recent speech:
The question of free trade is the greatest which has been
before the country for the past half century. The young men
of to-day are absolutely ignorant. They do not know what it
means and the issues it involves. If the great system of
free trade were interfered with, if the attempt were
successful which is being made to reverse the policy of the
past sixty years on which the overwhelming bulk of political
economists were united, I foretell for this country a time
of the greatest disaster. All classes would suffer,
especially the working class.
Dealing with the question of exports and imports, he pointed out:
Eighty per cent of what came into Great Britain represented
raw material necessary for manufactures and food necessary
for the people. Therefore the prosperity of this country
depends, not upon its exports, but upon its imports. We are
free-traders, not for the injury it does others, but in our
own interests. It is to our advantage to buy cheap. Our
greatest import is food and the next raw material. We can
only pay by our own manufactures.
ENGLAND'S DEFENSES, AND WHAT THEY COST.
It Is Not Military Strength That Makes a
Country Great, Says Lord Avebury,
but the Right Use of Power.
That the burden of armament lies heavy on Europe is well understood. It is
not so commonly known that in the last ten years the cost of army and navy
has increased much more rapidly in Great Britain than in any country of
the Continent. The fact is brought out in the _Nineteenth Century_ by Lord
Avebury, who is better known to Americans as Sir John Lubbock. He says:
In our own case there has been on the army an increase in
the past ten years of L24,800,000, and on the navy an
increase of L25,000,000; or, taking the two together, in
round figures an increase of no less than L50,000,000, of
which, however, only L39,000,000 is shown in the ordinary
estimates. In other words, while Italy has increased her
naval and military expenditures by L1,500,000; Russia,
L10,800,000; Germany, L8,700,000, and France, L6,000,000, we
have increased ours L50,000,000. Thus these four great
countries put together show an increase of L27,000,000,
while ours by itself is L50,000,000, or nearly double that
of Russia, Germany, France, and Italy put together. What
justification have we for this enormous increase?
I do not wish to exaggerate, nor to maintain that we are
going down-hill. But our progress has been checked, and if
we are not wise in time worse will follow.
Lord Avebury's political opponents would argue that the British military
expenditures have been exceptional because the Boer War proved the
country unprepared for any great military undertaking, and necessitated
elaborate efforts. However, the figures are startling, and give point to
Lord Avebury's conclusion:
We sometimes hear of "Little Englanders." I hope we shall
not let ourselves be stung into extravagance and war by any
such taunt. There are many who have strong views as to what
constitutes the true greatness of a country. It is not
wealth, but the application of it; not the numbers of the
people, but their character and wellbeing; not the strength,
but the use made of it. We do not wish for England the
dangerous power of dictation or the seductive glamour of
conquest, but that our people may be happy and contented;
that we may do what we can to promote the peace, progress,
and prosperity of mankind, and that we may deserve, even if
we do not secure, the respect, the confidence, and the
good-will of other nations.
Being once more happily at peace with all the world, our
financial policy should be to reduce expenditure, pay off
| 1,402.484636 |
2023-11-16 18:40:26.6614260 | 248 | 9 |
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Chuck Greif and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Many spelling and punctuation errors have been corrected. A list of the
etext transcriber's spelling corrections follows the text. Consistent
archaic spellings have not been changed. (courtseyed, hight, gallopped,
befel, spirted, drily, abysm, etc.)
PRICE, 25 CENTS. No. 77.
THE SUNSET SERIES.
By Subscription, per Year, Nine Dollars. January 25, 1894.
Entered at the New York Post Office as second-class matter.
Copyright 1892, by J. S. OGILVIE.
THE
MESMERIST'S VICTIM.
BY
ALEX. DUMAS.
NEW YORK:
J. S. OGILVIE PUBLISHING COMPANY,
57 ROSE STREET.
A WONDERFUL OFFER!
70 House Plans for $1.00.
[Illustration]
If you are thinking about building a house don't fail to get the new
book
PALLISER'S AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE,
| 1,402.681466 |
2023-11-16 18:40:28.0627020 | 7,412 | 8 |
Produced by D Alexander and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
Makers of History
Darius the Great
BY
JACOB ABBOTT
WITH ENGRAVINGS
NEW YORK AND LONDON
HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS
1904
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand
eight hundred and fifty, by
HARPER & BROTHERS,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District
of New York.
Copyright, 1878, by JACOB ABBOTT.
[Illustration: DARIUS CROSSING THE BOSPORUS.]
PREFACE.
In describing the character and the action of the personages whose
histories form the subjects of this series, the writer makes no
attempt to darken the colors in which he depicts their deeds of
violence and wrong, or to increase, by indignant denunciations, the
obloquy which heroes and conquerors have so often brought upon
themselves, in the estimation of mankind, by their ambition, their
tyranny, or their desperate and reckless crimes. In fact, it seems
desirable to diminish, rather than to increase, the spirit of
censoriousness which often leads men so harshly to condemn the errors
and sins of others, committed in circumstances of temptation to which
they themselves were never exposed. Besides, to denounce or vituperate
guilt, in a narrative of the transactions in which it was displayed,
has little influence in awakening a healthy sensitiveness in the
conscience of the reader. We observe, accordingly, that in the
narratives of the sacred Scriptures, such denunciations are seldom
found. The story of Absalom's undutifulness and rebellion, of David's
adultery and murder, of Herod's tyranny, and all other narratives of
crime, are related in a calm, simple, impartial, and forbearing
spirit, which leads us to condemn the sins, but not to feel a
pharisaical resentment and wrath against the sinner.
This example, so obviously proper and right, the writer of this series
has made it his endeavor in all respects to follow.
CONTENTS.
Chapter Page
I. CAMBYSES 13
II. THE END OF CAMBYSES 38
III. SMERDIS THE MAGIAN 59
IV. THE ACCESSION OF DARIUS 82
V. THE PROVINCES 99
VI. THE RECONNOITERING OF GREECE 123
VII. THE REVOLT OF BABYLON 144
VIII. THE INVASION OF SCYTHIA 167
IX. THE RETREAT FROM SCYTHIA 189
X. THE STORY OF HISTIAEUS 210
XI. THE INVASION OF GREECE 233
XII. THE DEATH OF DARIUS 264
ENGRAVINGS.
Page
MAP OF THE PERSIAN EMPIRE.
DARIUS CROSSING THE BOSPORUS _Frontispiece._
THE ARMY OF CAMBYSES OVERWHELMED IN THE DESERT 35
PHAEDYMA FEELING FOR SMERDIS'S EARS 69
THE INDIAN GOLD HUNTERS 121
THE BABYLONIANS DERIDING DARIUS FROM THE WALL 156
MAP OF GREECE 232
THE INVASION OF GREECE 256
[Illustration: MAP OF THE PERSIAN EMPIRE.]
DARIUS THE GREAT
CHAPTER I.
CAMBYSES.
B.C. 530-524
Cyrus the Great.--His extended conquests.--Cambyses and
Smerdis.--Hystaspes and Darius.--Dream of Cyrus.--His anxiety and
fears.--Accession of Cambyses.--War with Egypt.--Origin of the war
with Egypt.--Ophthalmia.--The Egyptian physician.--His plan of
revenge.--Demand of Cyrus.--Stratagem of the King of Egypt.--Resentment
of Cassandane.--Threats of Cambyses.--Future conquests.--Temperament
and character of Cambyses.--Impetuosity of Cambyses.--Preparations for
the Egyptian war.--Desertion of Phanes.--His narrow escape.--Information
given by Phanes.--Treaty with the Arabian king.--Plan for providing
water.--Account of Herodotus.--A great battle.--Defeat of the
Egyptians.--Inhuman conduct of Cambyses.--His treatment of
Psammenitus.--The train of captive maidens.--The young men.--Scenes
of distress and suffering.--Composure of Psammenitus.--Feelings of the
father.--His explanation of them.--Cambyses relents.--His treatment of
the body of Amasis.--Cambyses's desecrations.--The sacred bull
Apis.--Cambyses stabs the sacred bull.--His mad expeditions.--The sand
storm.--Cambyses a wine-bibber.--Brutal act of Cambyses.--He is deemed
insane.
About five or six hundred years before Christ, almost the whole of the
interior of Asia was united in one vast empire. The founder of this
empire was Cyrus the Great. He was originally a Persian; and the whole
empire is often called the Persian monarchy, taking its name from its
founder's native land.
Cyrus was not contented with having annexed to his dominion all the
civilized states of Asia. In the latter part of his life, he conceived
the idea that there might possibly be some additional glory and power
to be acquired in subduing certain half-savage regions in the north,
beyond the Araxes. He accordingly raised an army, and set off on an
expedition for this purpose, against a country which was governed by a
barbarian queen named Tomyris. He met with a variety of adventures on
this expedition, all of which are fully detailed in our history of
Cyrus. There is, however, only one occurrence that it is necessary to
allude to particularly here. That one relates to a remarkable dream
which he had one night, just after he had crossed the river.
To explain properly the nature of this dream, it is necessary first to
state that Cyrus had two sons. Their names were Cambyses and Smerdis.
He had left them in Persia when he set out on his expedition across
the Araxes. There was also a young man, then about twenty years of
age, in one of his capitals, named Darius. He was the son of one of
the nobles of Cyrus's court. His father's name was Hystaspes.
Hystaspes, besides being a noble of the court, was also, as almost all
nobles were in those days, an officer of the army. He accompanied
Cyrus in his march into the territories of the barbarian queen, and
was with him there, in camp, at the time when this narrative
commences.
Cyrus, it seems, felt some misgivings in respect to the result of his
enterprise; and, in order to insure the tranquillity of his empire
during his absence, and the secure transmission of his power to his
rightful successor in case he should never return, he established his
son Cambyses as regent of his realms before he crossed the Araxes,
and delivered the government of the empire, with great formality, into
his hands. This took place upon the frontier, just before the army
passed the river. The mind of a father, under such circumstances,
would naturally be occupied, in some degree, with thoughts relating to
the arrangements which his son would make, and to the difficulties he
would be likely to encounter in managing the momentous concerns which
had been committed to his charge. The mind of Cyrus was undoubtedly so
occupied, and this, probably, was the origin of the remarkable dream.
His dream was, that Darius appeared to him in a vision, with vast
wings growing from his shoulders. Darius stood, in the vision, on the
confines of Europe and Asia, and his wings, expanded either way,
overshadowed the whole known world. When Cyrus awoke and reflected on
this ominous dream, it seemed to him to portend some great danger to
the future security of his empire. It appeared to denote that Darius
was one day to bear sway over all the world. Perhaps he might be even
then forming ambitious and treasonable designs. Cyrus immediately sent
for Hystaspes, the father of Darius; when he came to his tent, he
commanded him to go back to Persia, and keep a strict watch over the
conduct of his son until he himself should return. Hystaspes received
this commission, and departed to execute it; and Cyrus, somewhat
relieved, perhaps, of his anxiety by this measure of precaution, went
on with his army toward his place of destination.
Cyrus never returned. He was killed in battle; and it would seem that,
though the import of his dream was ultimately fulfilled, Darius was
not, at that time, meditating any schemes of obtaining possession of
the throne, for he made no attempt to interfere with the regular
transmission of the imperial power from Cyrus to Cambyses his son. At
any rate, it was so transmitted. The tidings of Cyrus's death came to
the capital, and Cambyses, his son, reigned in his stead.
The great event of the reign of Cambyses was a war with Egypt, which
originated in the following very singular manner:
It has been found, in all ages of the world, that there is some
peculiar quality of the soil, or climate, or atmosphere of Egypt which
tends to produce an inflammation of the eyes. The inhabitants
themselves have at all times been very subject to this disease, and
foreign armies marching into the country are always very seriously
affected by it. Thousands of soldiers in such armies are sometimes
disabled from this cause, and many are made incurably blind. Now a
country which produces a disease in its worst form and degree, will
produce also, generally, the best physicians for that disease. At any
rate, this was supposed to be the case in ancient times; and
accordingly, when any powerful potentate in those days was afflicted
himself with ophthalmia, or had such a case in his family, Egypt was
the country to send to for a physician.
Now it happened that Cyrus himself, at one time in the course of his
life, was attacked with this disease, and he dispatched an embassador
to Amasis, who was then king of Egypt, asking him to send him a
physician. Amasis, who, like all the other absolute sovereigns of
those days, regarded his subjects as slaves that were in all respects
entirely at his disposal, selected a physician of distinction from
among the attendants about his court, and ordered him to repair to
Persia. The physician was extremely reluctant to go. He had a wife and
family, from whom he was very unwilling to be separated; but the
orders were imperative, and he must obey. He set out on the journey,
therefore, but he secretly resolved to devise some mode of revenging
himself on the king for the cruelty of sending him.
He was well received by Cyrus, and, either by his skill as a
physician, or from other causes, he acquired great influence at the
Persian court. At last he contrived a mode of revenging himself on the
Egyptian king for having exiled him from his native land. The king had
a daughter, who was a lady of great beauty. Her father was very
strongly attached to her. The physician recommended to Cyrus to send
to Amasis and demand this daughter in marriage. As, however, Cyrus was
already married, the Egyptian princess would, if she came, be his
concubine rather than his wife, or, if considered a wife, it could
only be a secondary and subordinate place that she could occupy. The
physician knew that, under these circumstances, the King of Egypt
would be extremely unwilling to send her to Cyrus, while he would yet
scarcely dare to refuse; and the hope of plunging him into extreme
embarrassment and distress, by means of such a demand from so powerful
a sovereign, was the motive which led the physician to recommend the
measure.
Cyrus was pleased with the proposal, and sent, accordingly, to make
the demand. The king, as the physician had anticipated, could not
endure to part with his daughter in such a way, nor did he, on the
other hand, dare to incur the displeasure of so powerful a monarch by
a direct and open refusal. He finally resolved upon escaping from the
difficulty by a stratagem.
There was a young and beautiful captive princess in his court named
Nitetis. Her father, whose name was Apries, had been formerly the King
of Egypt, but he had been dethroned and killed by Amasis. Since the
downfall of her family, Nitetis had been a captive; but, as she was
very beautiful and very accomplished, Amasis conceived the design of
sending her to Cyrus, under the pretense that she was the daughter
whom Cyrus had demanded. He accordingly brought her forth, provided
her with the most costly and splendid dresses, loaded her with
presents, ordered a large retinue to attend her, and sent her forth to
Persia.
Cyrus was at first very much pleased with his new bride. Nitetis
became, in fact, his principal favorite; though, of course, his other
wife, whose name was Cassandane, and her children, Cambyses and
Smerdis, were jealous of her, and hated her. One day, a Persian lady
was visiting at the court, and as she was standing near Cassandane,
and saw her two sons, who were then tall and handsome young men, she
expressed her admiration of them, and said to Cassandane, "How proud
and happy you must be!" "No," said Cassandane; "on the contrary, I am
very miserable; for, though I am the mother of these children, the
king neglects and despises me. All his kindness is bestowed on this
Egyptian woman." Cambyses, who heard this conversation, sympathized
deeply with Cassandane in her resentment. "Mother," said he, "be
patient, and I will avenge you. As soon as I am king, I will go to
Egypt and turn the whole country upside down."
In fact, the tendency which there was in the mind of Cambyses to look
upon Egypt as the first field of war and conquest for him, so soon as
he should succeed to the throne, was encouraged by the influence of
his father; for Cyrus, although he was much captivated by the charms
of the lady whom the King of Egypt had sent him, was greatly incensed
against the king for having practiced upon him such a deception.
Besides, all the important countries in Asia were already included
within the Persian dominions. It was plain that if any future progress
were to be made in extending the empire, the regions of Europe and
Africa must be the theatre of it. Egypt seemed the most accessible and
vulnerable point beyond the confines of Asia; and thus, though Cyrus
himself, being advanced somewhat in years, and interested, moreover,
in other projects, was not prepared to undertake an enterprise into
Africa himself, he was very willing that such plans should be
cherished by his son.
Cambyses was an ardent, impetuous, and self-willed boy, such as the
sons of rich and powerful men are very apt to become. They imbibe, by
a sort of sympathy, the ambitious and aspiring spirit of their
fathers; and as all their childish caprices and passions are generally
indulged, they never learn to submit to control. They become vain,
self-conceited, reckless, and cruel. The conqueror who founds an
empire, although even his character generally deteriorates very
seriously toward the close of his career, still usually knows
something of moderation and generosity. His son, however, who inherits
his father's power, seldom inherits the virtues by which the power
was acquired. These truths, which we see continually exemplified all
around us, on a small scale, in the families of the wealthy and the
powerful, were illustrated most conspicuously, in the view of all
mankind, in the case of Cyrus and Cambyses. The father was prudent,
cautious, wise, and often generous and forbearing. The son grew up
headstrong, impetuous, uncontrolled, and uncontrollable. He had the
most lofty ideas of his own greatness and power, and he felt a supreme
contempt for the rights, and indifference to the happiness of all the
world besides. His history gives us an illustration of the worst which
the principle of hereditary sovereignty can do, as the best is
exemplified in the case of Alfred of England.
Cambyses, immediately after his father's death, began to make
arrangements for the Egyptian invasion. The first thing to be
determined was the mode of transporting his armies thither. Egypt is a
long and narrow valley, with the rocks and deserts of Arabia on one
side, and those of Sahara on the other. There is no convenient mode of
access to it except by sea, and Cambyses had no naval force sufficient
for a maritime expedition.
While he was revolving the subject in his mind, there arrived in his
capital of Susa, where he was then residing, a deserter from the army
of Amasis in Egypt. The name of this deserter was Phanes. He was a
Greek, having been the commander of a body of Greek troops who were
employed by Amasis as auxiliaries in his army. He had had a quarrel
with Amasis, and had fled to Persia, intending to join Cambyses in the
expedition which he was contemplating, in order to revenge himself on
the Egyptian king. Phanes said, in telling his story, that he had had
a very narrow escape from Egypt; for, as soon as Amasis had heard that
he had fled, he dispatched one of his swiftest vessels, a galley of
three banks of oars, in hot pursuit of the fugitive. The galley
overtook the vessel in which Phanes had taken passage just as it was
landing in Asia Minor. The Egyptian officers seized it and made Phanes
prisoner. They immediately began to make their preparations for the
return voyage, putting Phanes, in the mean time, under the charge of
guards, who were instructed to keep him very safely. Phanes, however,
cultivated a good understanding with his guards, and presently invited
them to drink wine with him. In the end, he got them intoxicated, and
while they were in that state he made his escape from them, and then,
traveling with great secrecy and caution until he was beyond their
reach, he succeeded in making his way to Cambyses in Susa.
Phanes gave Cambyses a great deal of information in respect to the
geography of Egypt, the proper points of attack, the character and
resources of the king, and communicated, likewise, a great many other
particulars which it was very important that Cambyses should know. He
recommended that Cambyses should proceed to Egypt by land, through
Arabia; and that, in order to secure a safe passage, he should send
first to the King of the Arabs, by a formal embassy, asking permission
to cross his territories with an army, and engaging the Arabians to
aid him, if possible, in the transit. Cambyses did this. The Arabs
were very willing to join in any projected hostilities against the
Egyptians; they offered Cambyses a free passage, and agreed to aid his
army on their march. To the faithful fulfillment of these stipulations
the Arab chief bound himself by a treaty, executed with the most
solemn forms and ceremonies.
The great difficulty to be encountered in traversing the deserts which
Cambyses would have to cross on his way to Egypt was the want of
water. To provide for this necessity, the king of the Arabs sent a
vast number of camels into the desert, laden with great sacks or bags
full of water. These camels were sent forward just before the army of
Cambyses came on, and they deposited their supplies along the route at
the points where they would be most needed. Herodotus, the Greek
traveler, who made a journey into Egypt not a great many years after
these transactions, and who wrote subsequently a full description of
what he saw and heard there, gives an account of another method by
which the Arab king was said to have conveyed water into the desert,
and that was by a canal or pipe, made of the skins of oxen, which he
laid along the ground, from a certain river of his dominions, to a
distance of twelve days' journey over the sands! This story Herodotus
says he did not believe, though elsewhere in the course of his history
he gravely relates, as true history, a thousand tales infinitely more
improbable than the idea of a leathern pipe or hose like this to serve
for a conduit of water.
By some means or other, at all events, the Arab chief provided
supplies of water in the desert for Cambyses's army, and the troops
made the passage safely. They arrived, at length, on the frontiers of
Egypt.[A] Here they found that Amasis, the king, was dead, and
Psammenitus, his son, had succeeded him. Psammenitus came forward to
meet the invaders. A great battle was fought. The Egyptians were
routed. Psammenitus fled up the Nile to the city of Memphis, taking
with him such broken remnants of his army as he could get together
after the battle, and feeling extremely incensed and exasperated
against the invader. In fact, Cambyses had now no excuse or pretext
whatever for waging such a war against Egypt. The monarch who had
deceived his father was dead, and there had never been any cause of
complaint against his son or against the Egyptian people. Psammenitus,
therefore, regarded the invasion of Egypt by Cambyses as a wanton and
wholly unjustifiable aggression, and he determined, in his own mind,
that such invaders deserved no mercy, and that he would show them
none. Soon after this, a galley on the river, belonging to Cambyses,
containing a crew of two hundred men, fell into his hands. The
Egyptians, in their rage, tore these Persians all to pieces. This
exasperated Cambyses in his turn, and the war went on, attended by the
most atrocious cruelties on both sides.
[Footnote A: For the places mentioned in this chapter, and the track
of Cambyses on his expedition, see the map at the commencement of this
volume.]
In fact, Cambyses, in this Egyptian campaign, pursued such a career of
inhuman and reckless folly, that people at last considered him insane.
He began with some small semblance of moderation, but he proceeded, in
the end, to the perpetration of the most terrible excesses of violence
and wrong.
As to his moderation, his treatment of Psammenitus personally is
almost the only instance that we can record. In the course of the war,
Psammenitus and all his family fell into Cambyses's hands as captives.
A few days afterward, Cambyses conducted the unhappy king without the
gates of the city to exhibit a spectacle to him. The spectacle was
that of his beloved daughter, clothed in the garments of a slave, and
attended by a company of other maidens, the daughters of the nobles
and other persons of distinction belonging to his court, all going
down to the river, with heavy jugs, to draw water. The fathers of all
these hapless maidens had been brought out with Psammenitus to
witness the degradation and misery of their children. The maidens
cried and sobbed aloud as they went along, overwhelmed with shame and
terror. Their fathers manifested the utmost agitation and distress.
Cambyses stood smiling by, highly enjoying the spectacle. Psammenitus
alone appeared unmoved. He gazed on the scene silent, motionless, and
with a countenance which indicated no active suffering; he seemed to
be in a state of stupefaction and despair. Cambyses was disappointed,
and his pleasure was marred at finding that his victim did not feel
more acutely the sting of the torment with which he was endeavoring to
goad him.
When this train had gone by, another came. It was a company of young
men, with halters about their necks, going to execution. Cambyses had
ordered that for every one of the crew of his galley that the
Egyptians had killed, ten Egyptians should be executed. This
proportion would require two thousand victims, as there had been two
hundred in the crew. These victims were to be selected from among the
sons of the leading families; and their parents, after having seen
their delicate and gentle daughters go to their servile toil, were now
next to behold their sons march in a long and terrible array to
execution. The son of Psammenitus was at the head of the column. The
Egyptian parents who stood around Psammenitus wept and lamented aloud,
as one after another saw his own child in the train. Psammenitus
himself, however, remained as silent and motionless, and with a
countenance as vacant as before. Cambyses was again disappointed. The
pleasure which the exhibition afforded him was incomplete without
visible manifestations of suffering in the victim for whose torture it
was principally designed.
After this train of captives had passed, there came a mixed collection
of wretched and miserable men, such as the siege and sacking of a city
always produces in countless numbers. Among these was a venerable man
whom Psammenitus recognized as one of his friends. He had been a man
of wealth and high station; he had often been at the court of the
king, and had been entertained at his table. He was now, however,
reduced to the last extremity of distress, and was begging of the
people something to keep him from starving. The sight of this man in
such a condition seemed to awaken the king from his blank and
death-like despair. He called his old friend by name in a tone of
astonishment and pity, and burst into tears.
Cambyses, observing this, sent a messenger to Psammenitus to inquire
what it meant. "He wishes to know," said the messenger, "how it
happens that you could see your own daughter set at work as a slave,
and your son led away to execution unmoved, and yet feel so much
commiseration for the misfortunes of a stranger." We might suppose
that any one possessing the ordinary susceptibilities of the human
soul would have understood without an explanation the meaning of this,
though it is not surprising that such a heartless monster as Cambyses
did not comprehend it. Psammenitus sent him word that he could not
help weeping for his friend, but that his distress and anguish on
account of his children were too great for tears.
The Persians who were around Cambyses began now to feel a strong
sentiment of compassion for the unhappy king, and to intercede with
Cambyses in his favor. They begged him, too, to spare Psammenitus's
son. It will interest those of our readers who have perused our
history of Cyrus to know that Croesus, the captive king of Lydia,
whom they will recollect to have been committed to Cambyses's charge
by his father, just before the close of his life, when he was setting
forth on his last fatal expedition, and who accompanied Cambyses on
this invasion of Egypt, was present on this occasion, and was one of
the most earnest interceders in Psammenitus's favor. Cambyses allowed
himself to be persuaded. They sent off a messenger to order the
execution of the king's son to be stayed; but he arrived too late. The
unhappy prince had already fallen. Cambyses was so far appeased by the
influence of these facts, that he abstained from doing Psammenitus or
his family any further injury.
He, however, advanced up the Nile, ravaging and plundering the country
as he went on, and at length, in the course of his conquests, he
gained possession of the tomb in which the embalmed body of Amasis was
deposited. He ordered this body to be taken out of its sarcophagus,
and treated with every mark of ignominy. His soldiers, by his orders,
beat it with rods, as if it could still feel, and goaded it, and cut
it with swords. They pulled the hair out of the head by the roots, and
loaded the lifeless form with every conceivable mark of insult and
ignominy. Finally, Cambyses ordered the mutilated remains that were
left to be burned, which was a procedure as abhorrent to the ideas and
feelings of the Egyptians as could possibly be devised.
Cambyses took every opportunity to insult the religious, or as,
perhaps, we ought to call them, the superstitious feelings of the
Egyptians. He broke into their temples, desecrated their altars, and
subjected every thing which they held most sacred to insult and
ignominy. Among their objects of religious veneration was the sacred
bull called Apis. This animal was selected from time to time, from the
country at large, by the priests, by means of certain marks which they
pretended to discover upon its body, and which indicated a divine and
sacred character. The sacred bull thus found was kept in a magnificent
temple, and attended and fed in a most sumptuous manner. In serving
him, the attendants used vessels of gold.
Cambyses arrived at the city where Apis was kept at a time when the
priests were celebrating some sacred occasion with festivities and
rejoicings. He was himself then returning from an unsuccessful
expedition which he had made, and, as he entered the town, stung with
vexation and anger at his defeat, the gladness and joy which the
Egyptians manifested in their ceremonies served only to irritate him,
and to make him more angry than ever. He killed the priests who were
officiating. He then demanded to be taken into the edifice to see the
sacred animal, and there, after insulting the feelings of the
worshipers in every possible way by ridicule and scornful words, he
stabbed the innocent bull with his dagger. The animal died of the
wound, and the whole country was filled with horror and indignation.
The people believed that this deed would most assuredly bring down
upon the impious perpetrator of it the judgments of heaven.
Cambyses organized, while he was in Egypt, several mad expeditions
into the surrounding countries. In a fit of passion, produced by an
unsatisfactory answer to an embassage, he set off suddenly, and
without any proper preparation, to march into Ethiopia. The provisions
of his army were exhausted before he had performed a fifth part of the
march. Still, in his infatuation, he determined to go on. The soldiers
subsisted for a time on such vegetables as they could find by the way;
when these failed, they slaughtered and ate their beasts of burden;
and finally, in the extremity of their famine, they began to kill and
devour one another; then, at length, Cambyses concluded to return. He
sent off, too, at one time, a large army across the desert toward the
Temple of Jupiter Ammon, without any of the necessary precautions for
such a march. This army never reached their destination, and they
never returned. The people of the Oasis said that they were overtaken
by a sand storm in the desert, and were all overwhelmed.
[Illustration: THE ARMY OF CAMBYSES OVERWHELMED IN THE DESERT.]
There was a certain officer in attendance on Cambyses named
Prexaspes. He was a sort of confidential friend and companion of the
king; and his son, who was a fair, and graceful, and accomplished
youth, was the king's cup-bearer, which was an office of great
consideration and honor. One day Cambyses asked Prexaspes what the
Persians generally thought of him. Prexaspes replied that they
thought and spoke well of him in all respects but one. The king
wished to know what the exception was. Prexaspes rejoined, that it
was the general opinion that he was too much addicted to wine.
Cambyses was offended at this reply; and, under the influence of the
feeling, so wholly unreasonable and absurd, which so often leads men
to be angry with the innocent medium through which there comes to
them any communication which they do not like, he determined to
punish Prexaspes for his freedom. He ordered his son, therefore, the
cup-bearer, to take his place against the wall on the other side of
the room. "Now," said he, "I will put what the Persians say to the
test." As he said this, he took up a bow and arrow which were at his
side, and began to fit the arrow to the string. "If," said he, "I do
not shoot him exactly through the heart, it shall prove that the
Persians are right. If I do, then they are wrong, as it will show
that I do not drink so much as to make my hand unsteady." So saying,
he drew the bow, the arrow flew through the air and pierced the poor
boy's breast. He fell, and Cambyses coolly ordered the attendants to
open the body, and let Prexasp | 1,404.082742 |
2023-11-16 18:40:28.0627980 | 260 | 18 |
Produced by Brendan OConnor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
Text enclosed by equal signs is Greek transliteration (=kydei gaio=).
* * * * *
BLACKWOOD'S
EDINBURGH MAGAZINE.
PRINTED BY WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS, EDINBURGH.
BLACKWOOD'S
Edinburgh
MAGAZINE.
VOL. LXV.
JANUARY--JUNE, 1849.
[Illustration: Buchanan]
WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, EDINBURGH;
AND
37, PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON.
1849.
BLACKWOOD'S
EDINBURGH MAGAZINE.
NO. CCCXCIX. JANUARY, 1849. VOL. LXV.
CONTENTS.
THE YEAR OF REVOLUTIONS, 1 | 1,404.082838 |
2023-11-16 18:40:28.0653500 | 349 | 253 |
Produced by Al Haines.
[Illustration: Cover]
THE
SAN ROSARIO RANCH
BY
MAUD HOWE
BOSTON
ROBERTS BROTHERS
1884
_Copyright, 1884_,
BY ROBERTS BROTHERS.
University Press:
JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE.
TO
My Beloved Sister,
LAURA E. RICHARDS.
SAN ROSARIO RANCH.
CHAPTER I.
"Welcome her, all things youthful and sweet,
Scatter the blossoms under her feet!"
The house was a large square building, simple and hospitable in
appearance. A wide veranda ran about the four sides, heavily draped by
climbing roses and clematis. There were indisputable evidences that
visitors were expected. Old Tip, the dog, knew it as well as everybody
else about the house. He had been routed out from his favorite spot on
the sunny side of the piazza, by Ah Lam, who had given him a shower-bath
of water and soap-suds, because he did not move away to make room for
the scrubbing-brush which the white-clad Celestial plied vigorously.
From earliest morning the inhabitants of the simple house had been
busied in making it ready. The very kittens which played about the
steps of the piazza had licked an extra gloss upon their shining coats
in honor of the expected guest. Only Tip, the old hunting-dog, the
spoiled child of the household, showed | 1,404.08539 |
2023-11-16 18:40:28.1690470 | 485 | 19 |
Produced by Chris Curnow and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
With the Compliments of
J. Charlton
_General Passenger and Ticket Agent_,
CHICAGO AND ALTON R. R.,
CHICAGO.
[Illustration: A Parody
on
PRINCESS IDA
by
_D. DALZIEL._]
[Illustration: GLORIA ALTON]
[Illustration: KING GAMA ARRIVES.]
[Illustration: WE ARE WARRIORS THREE.]
A PARODY
on
PRINCESS IDA
BY D. DALZIEL,
_Editor of the Chicago News Letter._
SCENE--_Interior of King Alton Hilderbrandt’s Palace in the
City of Chicago, U. S. America. Courtiers, Officials of the
Service, Soldiers of the Railroad, Body Guard, Conductors
and Passenger Agents, looking out on the line of the
Chicago and Alton Railroad with telescopes, opera glasses,
etc._
[CHORUS.]
Search throughout the Panorama
For a sign of Royal Gama,
Who by the Alton this day shall,
Accompanied by his child and pal,
Come from Adamant.
Some misfortune evidently
Has detained them--consequently
Search throughout the Panorama
For the daughter of King Gama,
Prince Hilarion’s Plant.
FLORIAN--Will Prince Hilarion’s hopes be sadly blighted?
ALL--Who can tell!
FLORIAN--Will Ida slight the man to whom she’s plighted?
ALL--Who can tell!
FLORIAN--Can she an Alton ruler thus irritate?
ALL--Who can tell!
FLORIAN--If so, she’ll pay for it at any rate.
ALL--
We’ll not despair,
For Gama would not dare
To make a deadly foe
Of Alton’s King, and so
Search throughout, etc.
(_Enter_ KING ALTON HILDERBRANDT.)
HILDERBRAND | 1,404.189087 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.2256410 | 343 | 8 |
Produced by Annie McGuire. This book was produced from
scanned images of public domain material from the Google
Print archive.
The Dollar Library
PARLOUS TIMES
THE DOLLAR LIBRARY
OF AMERICAN FICTION
* * * * *
THE GIRL AT THE HALFWAY HOUSE.
By E. HOUGH.
PARLOUS TIMES.
By D. D. WELLS.
LORDS OF THE NORTH.
By A. C. LAUT.
THE CHRONIC LOAFER.
By NELSON LLOYD.
HER MOUNTAIN LOVER.
By HAMLIN GARLAND.
ETC. ETC. ETC.
* * * * *
LONDON: WM. HEINEMANN.
PARLOUS TIMES
* * * * *
A NOVEL OF MODERN DIPLOMACY
* * * * *
BY
DAVID DWIGHT WELLS
AUTHOR OF
"HER LADYSHIP'S ELEPHANT," "HIS LORDSHIP'S LEOPARD"
[Illustration]
* * * * *
LONDON: WILLIAM HEINEMANN. 1901
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. The Conspiracy 5
II. Wanted--a Chaperon 15
III. Parlous Times 29
IV. A Lady in Distress 41
V. A Gentleman in Distress 51
VI. Afternoon Tea 63
| 1,406.245681 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.3256150 | 345 | 7 |
Produced by Meredith Bach and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
HOW THE PIANO CAME TO BE
[Illustration: UPRIGHT HARPSICHORD
(_From the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City_)]
HOW THE PIANO
CAME TO BE
BY
ELLYE HOWELL GLOVER
ILLUSTRATED
CHICAGO
BROWNE & HOWELL COMPANY
1913
COPYRIGHT, 1913
BY BROWNE & HOWELL COMPANY
PUBLISHED, OCTOBER, 1913
THE.PLIMPTON.PRESS
NORWOOD.MASS.U.S.A
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Upright Harpsichord _Frontispiece_
Clavicytherium or Upright Spinet _Facing page_ 12
Clavichord 12
Spinet 16
Queen Elizabeth's Virginal 16
Double Spinet or Virginal made by Ludovicus
Grovvelus 20
Clavichord made by John Christopher Jesse 24
Dulcimer 28
Christofori Piano 32
Piano made by Matthaeus Andreas Stein 40
Piano made by Benjamin Crehore 48
Piano made by Charles Albrecht 50
Piano, Primitive German Action 52
A Stodart Piano 56
HOW THE | 1,406.345655 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.5254980 | 146 | 19 |
Produced by Melissa McDaniel and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
Transcriber's Note:
Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have
been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal
signs=.
THE THAMES
VOLUMES IN THIS SERIES BY MORTIMER MENPES
EACH 20S. NET WITH ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR
THE DURBAR
JAPAN. WORLD'S CHILD | 1,406.545538 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.5315280 | 759 | 11 |
Produced by Julia Miller and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
Transcriber's Note
Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. A list of corrections
is found at the end of the text. Inconsistencies in spelling and
hyphenation have been maintained. A list of inconsistently spelled
and hyphenated words is found at the end of the text.
Oe ligatures have been expanded.
MEMOIR
OF AN
EVENTFUL EXPEDITION
IN
CENTRAL AMERICA;
RESULTING IN THE DISCOVERY OF THE IDOLATROUS CITY OF
IXIMAYA,
In an unexplored region; and the possession of two
REMARKABLE AZTEC CHILDREN,
Descendants and Specimens of the Sacerdotal Caste, (now
nearly extinct,) of the Ancient Aztec Founders of the
Ruined Temples of that Country,
DESCRIBED BY
JOHN L. STEVENS, ESQ.,
AND OTHER TRAVELLERS.
Translated from the Spanish of
PEDRO VELASQUEZ,
of SAN SALVADOR.
NEW YORK:
E. F. Applegate, Printer, 111 Nassau Street.
1850.
PROFILE ILLUSTRATIONS
FROM
CENTRAL AMERICAN RUINS,
OF
ANCIENT RACES STILL EXISTING
IN IXIMAYA.
[Illustration]
The above three figures, sketched from engravings in "Stevens's Central
America," will be found, on personal comparison, to bear a remarkable
and convincing resemblance, both in the general features and the
position of the head, to the two living Aztec children, now exhibiting
in the United States, of the ancient sacerdotal caste of _Kaanas_, or
Pagan Mimes, of which a few individuals remain in the newly discovered
city of Iximaya. See, the following _Memoir_, page 31.
[Illustration]
These two figures, sketched from the same work, are said, by Senor
Velasquez, in the unpublished portion of his narrative, to be
"irresistible likenesses" of the equally exclusive but somewhat more
numerous priestly caste of _Mahaboons_, still existing in that city,
and to which belonged Vaalpeor, an official guardian of those children,
as mentioned in this memoir. Velasquez states that the likeness of
Vaalpeor to the right hand figure in the frontispiece of Stevens' second
volume, which is here also the one on the right hand, was as exact, in
outline, as if the latter had been a daguerreotype miniature.
While writing his "Narrative" after his return to San Salvador, in the
spring of the present year, (1850,) Senor Velasquez was favored, by an
American gentleman of that city, with a copy of "Layard's Nineveh," and
was forcibly struck with the close characteristic resemblance of the
faces in many of its engravings to those of the inhabitants in general,
as a peculiar family of mankind, both of Iximaya and its surrounding
region. The following are sketches, (somewhat imperfect,) of two of the
male faces to which he refers:
[Illustration]
And the following profile, from the same | 1,406.551568 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.7268060 | 3,744 | 21 |
Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This book was
produced from scanned images of public domain material
from the Google Print project.)
SINISTER STREET
BY
COMPTON MACKENZIE
SOME PRESS OPINIONS OF OTHER BOOKS BY COMPTON MACKENZIE
SOME PRESS OPINIONS OF
Kensington Rhymes
_By_ COMPTON MACKENZIE
_SATURDAY REVIEW:_
"These are particularly jolly rhymes, that any really good sort of
a chap, say a fellow of about ten would like. Mr. J. R. Monsell's
pictures are exceptionally jolly too.... If we may judge by
ourselves, not only the children, but the grown-ups of the family
will be enchanted by this quite delightful and really first-rate
book."
_DAILY MAIL:_
"Among the picture-books of the season, pride of place must go to
Mr. Compton Mackenzie's 'Kensington Rhymes.' They are full of quiet
humour and delicate insight into the child-mind."
_OBSERVER:_
"Far the best rhymes of the year are 'Kensington Rhymes,' by
Compton Mackenzie, almost the best things of the kind since the
'Child's Garden of Verse.'"
_ATHENAEUM:_
"Will please children of all ages, and also contains much that will
not be read without a sympathetic smile by grown-ups possessed of a
sense of humour."
_TIMES:_
"The real gift of child poetry, sometimes almost with a
Stevensonian ring."
_OUTLOOK:_
"What Henley did for older Londoners, Mr. Compton Mackenzie and Mr.
Monsell have done for the younger generation."
_STANDARD:_
"Our hearts go out first to Mr. Compton Mackenzie's 'Kensington
Rhymes.'"
_SUNDAY TIMES:_
"Full of whimsical observation and genuine insight, 'Kensington
Rhymes' by Compton Mackenzie are certainly entertaining."
_EVENING STANDARD:_
"Something of the charm of Christina Rossetti's."
_VOTES FOR WOMEN:_
"They breathe the very conventional and stuffy air of
Kensington.... We are bound to say that the London child we tried
it on liked the book."
MARTIN SECKER, NUMBER FIVE JOHN STREET, ADELPHI
SOME PRESS OPINIONS OF
The Passionate Elopement
_By_ COMPTON MACKENZIE
_TIMES:_
"We are grateful to him for wringing our hearts with the 'tears and
laughter of spent joys.'"
_SPECTATOR:_
"As an essay in literary bravura the book is quite remarkable."
_COUNTRY LIFE:_
"In the kindliness, the humour and the gentleness of the treatment,
it comes as near to Thackeray, as any man has come since
Thackeray."
_DAILY CHRONICLE:_
"Thanks for a rare entertainment! And, if the writing of your story
pleased you as much as the reading of it has pleased us,
congratulations too."
_GLOBE:_
"A little tenderness, a fragrant aroma of melancholy laid away in
lavender, a hint of cynicism, an airy philosophy--and so a wholly
piquant, subtly aromatic dish, a rosy apple stuck with cloves."
_GLASGOW NEWS:_
"Fresh and faded, mocking yet passionate, compact of tinsel and
gold is this little tragedy of a winter season in view of the pump
room.... Through it all, the old tale has a dainty, fluttering,
unusual, and very real beauty."
_ENGLISH REVIEW:_
"All his characters are real and warm with life. 'The Passionate
Elopement' should be read slowly, and followed from the smiles and
extravagance of the opening chapters through many sounding and
poetical passages, to the thrilling end of the Love Chase. The
quiet irony of the close leaves one smiling, but with the wiser
smile of Horace Ripple who meditates on the colours of life."
_WESTMINSTER GAZETTE:_
"Mr. Mackenzie's book is a novel of genre, and with infinite care
and obvious love of detail has he set himself to paint a literary
picture in the manner of Hogarth. He is no imitator, he owes no
thanks to any predecessor in the fashioning of his book.... Mr.
Mackenzie recreates (the atmosphere) so admirably that it is no
exaggeration to say that, thanks to his brilliant scene-painting,
we shall gain an even more vivid appreciation of the work of his
great forerunners. Lightly and vividly does Mr. Mackenzie sketch in
his characters... but they do not on that account lack
personality. Each of them is definitely and faithfully drawn, with
sensibility, sympathy, and humour."
MARTIN SECKER, NUMBER FIVE JOHN STREET, ADELPHI
SOME PRESS OPINIONS OF
CARNIVAL
_By_ COMPTON MACKENZIE
_ATHENAEUM_:
"Mr. Mackenzie's second novel amply fulfils the promise of his first....
Its first and great quality is originality. The originality of Mr.
Mackenzie lies in his possession of an imagination and a vision of life
that are as peculiarly his own as a voice or a laugh, and that reflect
themselves in a style which is that of no other writer.... A prose full
of beauty."
_PUNCH_:
"After reading a couple of pages I settled myself in my chair for a
happy evening, and thenceforward the fascination of the book held me
like a kind of enchantment. I despair, though, of being able to convey
any idea of it in a few lines of criticism.... As for the style, I will
only add that it gave me the same blissful feeling of security that one
has in listening to a great musician.... In the meantime, having
recorded my delight in it, I shall put 'Carnival' upon the small and by
no means crowded shelf that I reserve for 'keeps.'"
_OUTLOOK_:
"In these days of muddled literary evaluations, it is a small thing to
say of a novel that it is a great novel; but this we should say without
hesitation of 'Carnival,' that not only is it marked out to be the
leading success of its own season, but to be read afterwards as none but
the best books are read."
_OBSERVER_:
"The heroic scale of Mr. Compton Mackenzie's conception and achievement
sets a standard for him which one only applies to the 'great' among
novelists."
_ENGLISH REVIEW_:
"An exquisite sense of beauty with a hunger for beautiful words to
express it."
_ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS_:
"The spirit of youth and the spirit of London."
_NEW YORK TIMES_:
"We hail Mr. Mackenzie as a man alive--who raises all things to a
spiritual plane."
_MR. C. K. SHORTER in the SPHERE_:
"'Carnival' carried me from cover to cover on wings."
_NEW AGE_:
"We are more than sick of it."
MARTIN SECKER, NUMBER FIVE JOHN STREET, ADELPHI
SINISTER STREET
_BY THE SAME AUTHOR_
CARNIVAL
THE PASSIONATE ELOPEMENT
KENSINGTON RHYMES
For some press opinions, see preceding pages
SINISTER STREET: VOLUME II
METROPOLITAN NIGHTS
These volumes are in preparation
SINISTER STREET
_By COMPTON MACKENZIE_
LONDON: MARTIN SECKER
NUMBER FIVE JOHN STREET ADELPHI MCMXIII
TO
THE REVEREND
E. D. STONE
_My dear Mr. Stone,_
_Since you have on several occasions deprecated the length of my books,
I feel that your name upon the dedicatory page of this my longest book
deserves explanation, if not apology._
_When I first conceived the idea of 'Sinister Street,' I must admit I
did not realize that in order to present my theme fully in accord with
my own prejudice, I should require so much space. But by the time I had
written one hundred pages I knew that, unless I was prepared against my
judgment to curtail the original scheme, I must publish my book in a
form slightly different from the usual._
_The exigencies of commercial production forbid a six shilling novel of
eight or nine hundred pages, and as I saw no prospect of confining
myself even to that length, I decided to publish in two volumes, each to
contain two divisions of my tale._
_You will say that this is an aggravation of the whole matter and the
most impenitent sort of an apology. Yet are a thousand pages too long
for the history of twenty-five years of a man's life, that is to say if
one holds as I hold that childhood makes the instrument, youth tunes the
strings, and early manhood plays the melody?_
_The tradition of the English novel has always favoured length and
leisure; nor do I find that my study of French and Russian literature
leads me to strain after brevity. I do not send forth this volume as the
first of a trilogy. It is actually the first half of a complete book. At
the same time, feeling as I do that in these days of competitive
reading, the sudden vision of over a thousand pages would be inevitably
depressing, I give you the opportunity of rest at the five-hundredth
page, which reaches a climax at least as conclusive as any climax can be
that is not death. I do not pretend that I shall not be greatly
disappointed if next January or February you feel disinclined to read
'Dreaming Spires' and 'Romantic Education,' which will complete the
second volume. Yet I will be so considerate as to find someone else to
bear the brunt of dedication, and after all there will be no compulsion
either upon you or upon the public to resume._
_Yours ever affectionately,_
_Compton Mackenzie._
_Let me add in postscript that 'Sinister Street' is a symbolic title
which bears no reference to an heraldic euphemism._
_Phillack, August 3, 1913._
VOLUME ONE
CONTAINING
I. THE PRISON HOUSE
II. CLASSIC EDUCATION
"_The imagination of a boy is healthy, and the mature imagination
of a man is healthy; but there is a space of life between, in which
the soul is in a ferment, the character undecided, the way of life
uncertain, the ambition thick-sighted._"
JOHN KEATS.
CONTENTS
_Book One: The Prison House_
PAGE
I. THE NEW WORLD 1
II. BITTERSWEET 20
III. FEARS AND FANTASIES 39
IV. UNENDING CHILDHOOD 46
V. THE FIRST FAIRY PRINCESS 70
VI. THE ENCHANTED PALACE 85
VII. RANDELL HOUSE 97
VIII. SIAMESE STAMPS 113
IX. HOLIDAYS IN FRANCE 129
_Book Two: Classic Education_
I. THE JACOBEAN 141
II. THE QUADRUPLE INTRIGUE 159
III. PASTORAL 176
IV. BOYHOOD'S GLORY 188
V. INCENSE 208
VI. PAX 232
VII. CLOVEN HOOFMARKS 248
VIII. MIRRORS 262
IX. THE YELLOW AGE 281
X. STELLA 308
XI. ACTION AND REACTION 321
XII. ALAN 346
XIII. SENTIMENT 355
XIV. ARABESQUE 378
XV. GREY EYES 397
XVI. BLUE EYES 416
XVII. LILY 427
XVIII. EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD 447
XIX. PARENTS 469
XX. MUSIC 479
BOOK ONE
THE PRISON HOUSE
_"What youth, Goddess--what guest_
_Of Gods or mortals?"_
MATTHEW ARNOLD.
_"Slow on your dials the shadows creep,_
_So many hours for food and sleep,_
_So many hours till study tire,_
_So many hours for heart's desire."_
ROBERT BRIDGES.
Chapter I: _The New World_
From a world of daisies as big as moons and of mountainous green
hillocks Michael Fane came by some unrealized method of transport to the
thin red house, that as yet for his mind could not claim an individual
existence amid the uniformity of a long line of fellows. His arrival
coincided with a confusion of furniture, with the tramp of men backwards
and forwards from a cavernous vehicle very dry and dusty. He found
himself continually being lifted out of the way of washstands and
skeleton chests of drawers. He was invited to sit down and keep quiet,
and almost in the same breath to walk about and avoid hindrance.
Finally, Nurse led him up many resonant stairs to the night-nursery
which at present consisted of two square cots that with japanned iron
bars stood gauntly in a wilderness of oilcloth surrounded by four walls
patterned with a prolific vegetation. Michael was dumped down upon a
grey pillow and invited to see how well his sister Stella was behaving.
Nurse's observation was true enough: Stella was rosily asleep in an
undulation of blankets, and Michael, threatened by many whispers and
bony finger-shakes, was not at all inclined to wake her up. Nurse
retired in an aura of importance, and Michael set out to establish an
intimacy with the various iron bars of his cage. For a grown-up person
these would certainly have seemed much more alike than even the houses
of Carlington Road, West Kensington: for Michael each bar possessed a
personality. Minute scratches unnoticed by the heedless adult world lent
variety of expression: slight irregularities infused certain groups
with an air of deliberate consultation. From the four corners royal
bars, crowned with brass, dominated their subjects. Passions, intrigues,
rumours, ambitions, revenges were perceived by Michael to be seething
below the rigid exterior of these iron bars: even military operations
were sometimes discernible. This cot was guarded by a romantic
population, with one or two of whose units Michael could willingly have
dispensed: one bar in particular, set very much askew, seemed sly and
malignant. Michael disliked being looked at by anybody or anything, and
this bar had a persistent inquisitiveness which already worried him.
'Why does he look at me?' Michael would presently ask, and 'Nobody wants
to look at such an ugly little boy,' Nurse would presently reply. So one
more intolerable question would overshadow his peace of mind.
Meanwhile, far below, the tramp of men continued, until suddenly an
immense roar filled the room. Some of the bars shivered and clinked, and
Michael's heart nearly stopped. The roar died away only to be succeeded
by another roar from the opposite direction. Stella woke up crying.
Michael was too deeply frightened so to soothe himself, as he sat
clutching the pointed ears of the grey pillow. Stella, feeling that the
fretful tears of a sudden awakening were insufficient, set up a bellow
of dismay. Michael was motionless, only aware of a gigantic heart that
shook him horribly. At last the footsteps of Nurse could be heard, and
over them, the quick 'tut-tut-tuts' that voiced her irritation.
"You naughty boy, to wake up your little sister."
"What was that noise?" asked Michael.
"Your own noise," said Nurse sharply.
"It wasn't. It was lions."
"And if it _was_ lions, what next?" said Nurse. "Lions will always come,
when little boys are naughty. Lions don't like naughty boys."
"Michael doesn't like lions."
He took refuge in the impersonal speech of earlier days, and with a
grave obstinacy of demeanour resisted the unreasonableness of his nurse.
"What was that noise, Nanny? Do tell me."
"Why a train, of course. There's a molly-coddle. Tut-tut!"
"A train like we rode in from down in the country?"
"Yes, a train like we rode in from down in the country!" Nurse mimicked
him in an outrageous falsetto.
"Not lions at all?"
"Not if you're a good boy."
"Nor bears--nor tigers--nor wolverines?"
The last was a dreadful importation of fancy from some zoological
gift-book.
"Now that's enough," Nurse decided.
"Nor laughing hyenas?"
"Am I to speak to you | 1,406.746846 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.8390320 | 343 | 8 |
Produced by Colin Bell, Julia Neufeld and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=).
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
Variations in spelling, punctuation and hyphenation have been retained
except in obvious cases of typographical error.
In the book a dagger symbol appears before certain numbers. This
refers to date of death. In this file the plus symbol (+)
signifies a dagger symbol.
The cover for the eBook version of this book was created by the
transcriber and is placed in the public domain.
* * * * *
THE EXPOSITOR'S BIBLE
EDITED BY THE REV.
W. ROBERTSON NICOLL, M.A., LL.D.
_Editor of "The Expositor"_
THE EPISTLES OF ST. PETER
BY
J. RAWSON LUMBY, D.D.
London
HODDER AND STOUGHTON
27, PATERNOSTER ROW
MDCCCXCIII
THE EXPOSITOR'S BIBLE.
_Crown 8vo, cloth, price 7s. 6d. each vol._
FIRST SERIES, 1887-8.
Colossians.
By A. MACLAREN, D.D.
St. Mark.
By Very Rev. the Dean | 1,406.859072 |
2023-11-16 18:40:30.9267030 | 161 | 6 |
E-text prepared by the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading
Team (http://www.pgdp.net)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 23973-h.htm or 23973-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/3/9/7/23973/23973-h/23973-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/3/9/7/23973/23973-h.zip)
MRS. CHRISTY'S BRIDGE PARTY
by
SARA WARE BASSETT
Copyright, 1907
by Sara Ware Bassett
[Illustration: "Mrs. Christy."] | 1,406.946743 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.0323720 | 4,355 | 7 |
Produced by Stanley A. Bridgeford
A
Greek–English Lexicon
to
The New Testament
Revised and Enlarged
by
Thomas Sheldon Green
with a preface by
H. L. Hastings
Editor of the Christian, Boston, U.S.A.
and
A Supplement
Prepared by Wallace N. Stearns
Under The Supervision of
J. H. Thayer, D.D., Litt.D.
Professor of New-Testament Criticism
and Interpretation in the
Divinity School of Harvard University
Containing Additional Words and Forms to be found in one or
another of the Greek Texts in current use, especially those
of Lachmann, Tischendorf, Treglles, Westcott
and Hort, and the Revisers of 1881
THIRTY-THIRD THOUSAND
Boston
H. L. Hastings, 47 Cornhill
1896
Copyright, 1896
Boston, Mass, U.S.A.
H. L. Hastings
Repository Press,
47 Cornhill
Greek-Eng Lexicon–33M–6, '96
Printed in America
PREFACE
The hidden depths both of the wisdom and knowledge of God were
manifest, not only in the revelation of his will contained in the
Scriptures of truth, but in the manner of giving that revelation, and in
the language in which is was given.
Egypt had wisdom, but it was enshrined in hieroglyphics so obscure that
their meaning faded centuries ago from the memory of mankind, and for
many successive ages no man on earth could penetrate their mysteries.
Assyria and Babylon had literature, art, and science; but with a
language written in seven or eight hundred cuneiform signs, some of them
having fifty different meanings, what wonder is it that for more than
two thousand years the language and literature of these nations was
lost, buried, and forgotten? The vast literature of China has survived
the changes of centuries, but the list of different characters, which in
a dictionary of the second century numbered 9353, and in the latest
imperial Chinese Dictionary numbers 43,960,—some of them requiring
fifty strokes of the pencil to produce them,—shows how unfit such a
language must be for a channel to convey the glad tidings of God's
salvation to the poor, the weak, the sorrowful, and to people who cannot
spend ten or twenty years in learning to comprehend the mysteries of the
Chinese tongue.
Who can imagine what would have been the fate of a divine revelation if
the words of eternal life had been enswathed in such cerements as these?
In the wisdom of God, the revelation of his will was given in the Hebrew
tongue, with an alphabet of twenty-two letters, some of which, as
inscribed on the Moabite stone, b.c. 900, are identical in form and
sound with those now used in English books.
This Hebrew alphabet, so simple that a child might learn it in a day,
has never been lost or forgotten. The Hebrew language in which the
Oracles of God were given to man, has never become a dead language.
Since the day when the Law was given to Moses on Mount Sinai, there
never has been a day or hour when the language in which it was written
was not known to living men, who were able to read, write, and expound
it. And the Hebrew is the only language of those ages that has lived to
the present time, preserving the record of a divine revelation, and
being conserved by it through the vicissitudes of conflict, conquest,
captivity, and dispersion; while the surrounding idolatrous nations
perished in their own corruption, and their languages and literature
were buried in oblivion.
In later ages, when the gospel of the Son of God was to be proclaimed to
all mankind, another language was used as a vehicle for its
communication. The bulk of the Israelitish race, through their
captivities and eternal associations, had lost the knowledge of the holy
tongue, and had learned the languages of the Gentiles among whom they
dwelt; and now as their corporate national existence was to be
interrupted, and they were to be dispersed among the peoples of the
earth, the Hebrew language was not a fit channel for conveying this
revelation to the Gentile world. Hence the same wise Providence which
chose the undying Hebrew tongue for the utterances of the prophets,
selected the Greek, which was at that time, more nearly than any other,
a universal language, as the medium through which the teachings of the
Saviour and the messages of the apostles should be sent forth to
mankind.
This language, like the Hebrew, has maintained its existence,—though
it has been somewhat changed by the flight of years,—and the modern
Greek spoken in Athens to-day is substantially the Greek of 1800 years
ago.
The gospel of Christ was to go forth to every nation; and the miracle of
Pentecost indicated that it was the Divine purpose that each nation
should hear in their own tongue wherein they were born, the wonderful
works of God. Hence the Scriptures have been translated into hundreds of
languages, and to-day six hundred millions of people, comprising all the
leading races and nations of the earth, may have access to the Word of
God in their native tongues. Nevertheless, no translation can perfectly
express the delicate shades of thought which are uttered in another
language, and it often becomes necessary and desirable to recur to the
original Scriptures, and by searching them to find out the precise
meaning of those words which were given by the Holy Ghost, and which are
"more to be desired than gold, yea, than much fine gold." For while,
speaking in a general way, we have faithful translations, which give us
with great accuracy the sense of the Scriptures as a whole, yet there
are times when we desire fuller and more accurate information concerning
particular words uttered by those men to whom the Holy Ghost was given
to bring all things to their remembrance, to guide them into all truth,
and to show them things to come. Frequently there are depths of meaning
which the casual reader does not fathom, and the study of the Greek and
Hebrew becomes as needful as it is agreeable to those who love God's
law, who delight in his gospel, and who have time and opportunity to
prosecute such studies.
There are few lovers of the Bible who do not at times wish that they
might clearly know the precise sense of some one original word which may
sometimes be obscurely translated; or who would not be delighted to
inquire of some competent scholar as to the meaning of certain
expressions contained in that Book of God. Such persons are glad to
study the original Scriptures, that they may learn, as far as possible,
exactly what God has said to man.
The learning of a living language from those who seek it is no trifling
task; but a language which must be learned from books, presents much
greater difficulties; and to many persons the mastery of the Greek
tongue looks like the labor of a lifetime. It is; and yet it is possible
for studious Bible readers to learn the things they specially need to
know, with an amount of labor which need not appall or dishearten any
diligent student.
There are contained in the Greek New Testament about 5594 words; but in
the whole Greek literature the words are a great multitude, which
perhaps no man has ever numbered. The student of the Scriptures is not
anxious to master or explore this vast wealth of Greek literature, but
his ambition is to know something of those 5594 New Testament words in
which the message of God's mercy is conveyed to fallen man. Hence he may
pass by the bulk of Greek literature, and confine his investigations to
those few Greek words which are used in the New Testament to convey to
man the treasures of Divine truth.
A lexicon of the entire Greek language might extend through thousands of
pages. There stands on the shelves of the writer a copy of Stephen's
"Thesaures Grææ Linguæ," in eight folio volumes, (London, 1816-1825,)
which contains more than thirteen thousand large, closely printed pages.
A later edition of the same work is still larger; and there are critics
and students who would find use for a lexicon as elaborate as this; but
for the great mass of Biblical students most of this material would be
entirely useless, and a very small volume would contain all they would
find necessary in their study of the Scriptures of truth. Thus a
portable volume, confining itself to the definition of the words
included in the New Testament, could give them fuller treatment than a
very large volume which, covering the entire language would be obliged
to condense and abridge at every point, omitting perhaps the very matter
most desired by a student of the Sacred Word.
There is another consideration; the Greek of the New Testament differs
materially in its character from the classical Green, or from the Greek
language as a whole. About b.c. 288, the law of Moses was translated
from Hebrew into Greek, by request of Ptolemy Philadelphus, who sought
everywhere for books to enrich his great library at Alexandria.
Subsequently other portions were translated, and hence, we have what is
known as the Septuagint version of the Old Testament. This was largely
used among the Jewish people in Egypt and elsewhere in the time of our
Saviour. It was a Greek version of a Hebrew book, and it was through
this book, as well as by intercourse with Grecian people and foreigners
of the Jewish stock, that the Jewish people became acquainted with the
Greek tongue. But the Greek of the Septuagint was full of Hebrew ideas
and idioms, and hence the Greek of the Jews in Palestine, and of the New
Testament which is also saturated with Old Testament ideas, differed
from the ordinary language of the Greeks, new meanings having been
imparted to various words, in order that they might represent Hebrew
words and Hebrew ideas. For example, when the Greek word hades is used,
we are not thereby committed to a belief in all the fabulous ideas of
the Greeks concerning the abode of the dead, for the word was but the
representative of the Hebrew word sheol, which is almost always
translated hades in the Greek Testament. Hence in studying this Greek
word in the New Testament we are not to go to the Greek classics to find
out what they mean by the word hades, but rather to the Hebrew prophets
to learn in what sense they use the Hebrew word sheol, of which it is
the Greek equivalent. So the word diatheke in classic Greek signifies a
will, testament, covenant, and so the term in the common English version
is translated in both these ways. But in the Septuagint the word
diatheke is used to translate the Hebrew word berith, which signifies a
covenant, but does not signify a will or testament.1* Hence, instead of
speaking of "The New Testament" we should more correctly call it the
"The New Covenant." A variety of instances might be adduced where New
Testament Greek words have meaning widely different from the same words
in classic Greek.
It must also be remembered, that there are words in the New Testament
which are not found at all in the classical writers. When new ideas are
to be conveyed, new words must be found to convey them. In the language
of the Hindus there is no word for home, simply because the Hindu has no
home. The idea of a home as understood by Christians, is utterly foreign
to the Hindu nation and religion. There are heathen nations that have no
word for gratitude, because gratitude is unknown to them; so the word
agape or charity, which describes unselfish love, a love which reaches
to enemies, and which seeks no personal gratification or reward,—that
love which is of God, and concerning which it is said, "God is Love,"
refers to something unknown to the heathen world. They had no word to
express it, because they had not the thing itself to express.
These illustrations indicate some of the peculiarities of the New
Testament Greek, and serve to show use why the student of the Bible
needs an especial apparatus for studying the Greek New Testament. For
this purpose, he has been most generously furnished with New Testament
lexicons, in different languages, Latin, German, and English, by the
labor of devout and learned students. Among the most noteworthy may be
mentioned Robinson's Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, and Prof. J. H.
Thayer's later and more elaborate Greek-English Lexicon of the New
Testament, based upon Prof. Grimm's get Lexicon; which is well adapted
to meet the needs of the critical student.
The meaning of words is determined finally by their usage by those who
employ them, and the only way to settle the sense of disputed and
difficult words is carefully to examine each word in its connection, in
all the passages where it is used, and in the light of that examination
decide as to its meaning or meanings. In some of the more elaborate
lexicons a large number of passages are thus cited, illustrating the use
of the words under consideration, and it some cases authors have
endeavored to give nearly every passage where a word occurs in the New
Testament. This however, cumbers the lexicon with a large amount of
material which in most instances is of little use. This examination and
comparison of passages, the careful student should make for himself, and
his interests in this direction are better served by the use of a
concordance; and for those who wish to investigate carefully the meaning
of Greek words in the New Testament, ample provision has been made in
the Critical Greek and English Concordance, prepared by Prof. C. F.
Hudson, under the direction of H. L. Hastings, and revised and completed
by the late Ezra Abbot, D.D., LL.D., Profession of New Testament
Criticism and Interpretation in the Divinity School of Harvard
University.
This book contains (1) the more than five thousand words in the Greek
Testament, in alphabetical order. (2) Reference to every passage where
those words occur. (3) Every English word which is used to translate the
given Greek word. (4) The passages in which the Greek word is translated
by each English word, classified and set by themselves, so that the more
usual translations are also exhibited. (5) The various readings of the
leading critical editions and manuscripts of the Greek Testament. (6) An
English index, so that with this book a person who does not know a
letter of the Greek alphabet is enabled to find the original for any
English word in the New Testament, learn in how many places it occurs,
and in how many ways it is translated, so that by examining every
passage, he may have the data before him for making up and independent
judgment from the facts in the case.
This Greek Concordance obviates the necessity for an exhaustive citation
of the passages containing any particular Greek word, and brings us back
to the proper sphere of a Lexicon, as a book defining the words
contained in the language, with occasional references to passages which
illustrate the different meanings; and when equipped with Hudson's
Concordance, a manual lexicon of New Testament Greek serves the purpose
of the ordinary student.
It is for the accommodation of such students, who know little of the
Greek language, but who desire to "search the Scriptures," and of others
more scholarly, who yet find it needful to refresh their memories as to
the sense of Greek words, that this Lexicon is offered. It was
originally prepared by William Greenfield, who was born in London, in
1799, and died there November 5, 1831. He edited Bagster's Comprehensive
Bible, a Syriac New Testament, a Hebrew New Testament, and prepared an
abridgement of Schmidt's Greek Concordance. In 1830 he was appointed
editor of the Foreign Versions of the British and Foreign Bible Society;
and though he died at an early age, he had a high reputation as an
accomplished linguist.
In preparing his Lexicon of the New Testament, he drew materials from
every accessible source; the Lexicons of Parkhurst, Schleusner, Wahl,
and Robinson being especially examined and laid under contribution. This
Lexicon, issued by Bagster & Sons as a companion for a portable edition
of the Greek Testament, served an excellent purpose. At a later date it
was carefully revised with numerous additions and improvements, by Rev.
Thomas Sheldon Green, M.A. and it has received the hearty approval of
competent Greek scholars, like the late Professor Ezra Abbot of
Cambridge.
Though the body of this Lexicon includes all the words contained in the
Received Text of the Greek New Testament, yet in the texts now more or
less current, in particular those of Lachmann, Tischendorf, Tregelles,
Westcott and Hort, and the Westminster Revised, certain new words and
forms are introduced, not found in the Received Text.
With a desire to give completeness to this Lexicon, a list of these
words is presented, with definitions and a record of the places where
they occur, at the end of the Lexicon. This list has been prepared by
Mr. Wallace N. Stearns, under the supervision of Prof. J. Henry Thayer,
of Harvard Divinity School, the successor of the lamented Dr. Ezra
Abbot, and one of the revisers of the New Testament, whose arduous
labors in the department of sacred lexicography are too well-known to
need further mention.
With these statements as to the object and character of this Lexicon, we
commit this new edition to the kind of providence of Him whose words of
truth are therein expounded, and without whose blessings all labor and
effort is but in vain.
H.L. Hastings
Scriptural Tract Repository,
Boston, Mass., June, 1896.
EXPLANATIONS
Allusion has been made in the preface to certain peculiarities of New
Testament Greek, which distinguish it from the classic Greek of the
heathen world.
This Lexicon indicates some of these peculiarities, by distinguishing
three classes of words:
I. Later Greek words, marked L. G., the occurrence of which may be
regarded as commencing within the Later Greek period, which is here
reckoned from and includes the writing of the historian Polybius, B.C.
204-123.
II. New Testament words, marked N. T., which only occur in the New
Testament, or if found elsewhere are only in certain peculiar quarters.
III. Septuagint words, marked S., which besides their occurrence in the
New Testament are found only in the Septuagint Version of the Old
Testament, the Greek Apocryphal books, and kindred writings; and the
meaning of which is to be studied, not in the usage of classical Greek
writings, but rather in the light of the Hebrew Old Testament, and the
writings of Jewish authors who were familiar with Hebrew ideas and
Hebrew literature.
ABBREVIATIONS, ETC.
Used In The Following Lexicon
a. Aorist.
absol absolutely, without case or adjunct.
accus accusative case
adj. adjective.
adv. adverb.
al. alibi, in other texts.
al. freq. alibi frequenter. in many other texts
Aram Aramaena.
At. Attic dialect
bis. twice.
cf. confer, compare.
coll. collato, being compared.
comp. comparative.
conj. conjunction.
contr. contraction, or contracted.
dat. dative case.
dimin. diminutive.
enclit. enclitic, | 1,407.052412 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.0348670 | 2,752 | 21 | AND ASIA MINOR, TO CONSTANTINOPLE, IN THE YEARS 1808 AND 1809***
E-text prepared by MWS, Les Galloway, and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made
available by Internet Archive/American Libraries
(https://archive.org/details/americana)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 51819-h.htm or 51819-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51819/51819-h/51819-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51819/51819-h.zip)
Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive/American Libraries. See
https://archive.org/details/gri_journeythrou00more
Transcriber’s note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=).
A carat character is used to denote superscription. A
single character following the carat is superscripted
(example: Bar^t). Multiple superscripted characters are
enclosed by curly brackets (example: Mess^{rs}).
[Illustration: _SKETCH OF THE COUNTRIES_
_Situated between SHIRAZ and CONSTANTINOPLE; Shewing the ROUTE of
HIS_ MAJESTY’S _MISSION under Sir_ Harford Jones _Bar^t. in_ 1809,
_from_ Bushire _to_ Teheran; _and of_ M^r. Morier _from thence to_
Constantinople.
_As also the_ Route _of_ Col. Malcolm, _in_ 1801.
_By_ J. Rennell.
_Published 20 May 1811 by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown,
Paternoster Row._]
A
JOURNEY
THROUGH
PERSIA,
ARMENIA, AND ASIA MINOR,
TO
CONSTANTINOPLE,
IN THE YEARS 1808 AND 1809;
IN WHICH IS INCLUDED,
SOME ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF HIS MAJESTY’S
MISSION, UNDER SIR HARFORD JONES, BART. K. C.
_TO THE COURT OF THE KING OF PERSIA_.
BY JAMES MORIER, ESQ.
HIS MAJESTY’S SECRETARY OF EMBASSY TO THE COURT OF PERSIA.
WITH TWENTY-FIVE ENGRAVINGS FROM THE DESIGNS OF THE AUTHOR;
A PLATE OF INSCRIPTIONS; AND THREE MAPS;
_ONE FROM THE OBSERVATIONS OF CAPTAIN JAMES SUTHERLAND: AND
TWO DRAWN BY MR. MORIER, AND MAJOR RENNELL_.
_LONDON_:
PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER-ROW.
1812.
PREFACE.
Finding, on my arrival in England, that curiosity was quite alive
to every thing connected with Persia, I was induced to publish the
Memoranda which I had already made on that country; more immediately as
I found that I had been fortunate enough to ascertain some facts, which
had escaped the research of other travellers. In this, I allude more
particularly to the sculptures and ruins of _Shapour_; for although
my account of them is on a very reduced scale, yet I hope that I have
said enough to direct the attention of abler persons than myself to the
investigation of a new and curious subject.
Imperfect as my journal may be, it will, I hope, be found sufficiently
comprehensive to serve as a link in the chain of information on Persia,
until something more satisfactory shall be produced; and it claims no
other merit than that of having been written on the very spots, and
under the immediate circumstances, which I have attempted to describe.
Having confined myself, with very few exceptions, to the relation of
what I saw and heard, it will be found unadulterated by partiality to
any particular system, and unbiassed by the writings and dissertations
of other men. Written in the midst of a thousand cares, it claims every
species of indulgence.
The time of my absence from England comprehends a space of little more
than two years.--On the 27th of Oct. 1807, I sailed from Portsmouth
with Sir HARFORD JONES, Bart. K. C. His Majesty’s Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Persia, in H. M. S.
_Sapphire_, Captain GEORGE DAVIES: after having touched at Madeira
and at the Cape of Good Hope, we reached Bombay on the 26th of April,
1808: owing to some political arrangements we did not quit Bombay
till the 12th September. We arrived at _Bushire_ on the 13th October,
and proceeded towards the Persian capital on the 13th December. H.
M. Mission reached _Teheran_ on the 14th February, 1809: on the 12th
March the preliminary treaty was signed between Sir HARFORD JONES and
the Persian Plenipotentiaries; and on the 7th May I quitted _Teheran_
with MIRZA ABUL HASSAN, the King of Persia’s Envoy Extraordinary to the
Court of London, with whom I reached _Smyrna_ on the 7th September, and
embarked there on board H. M. S. _Success_, Captain AYSCOUGH. Having
at Malta changed the _Success_ for H. M. S. _Formidable_, we finally
reached Plymouth on the 25th November, 1809.
I should be wanting in gratitude, if I did not here express the
obligations which I owe to my fellow traveller, MIRZA ABUL HASSAN, the
late Persian Envoy Extraordinary, for much information on subjects
relating to his own country, and for all the facilities of acquiring
his language, which his communicative and amiable disposition afforded
me. As this personage was distinguished, during his stay in England,
by attentions more marked and continued than, perhaps, were ever paid
to any foreigner, I have conceived that I should not trespass too much
on the patience of my readers by inserting a sketch of his life;[1]
I feel at least that it will prove very acceptable to those who have
shown him, as a stranger, so much friendship and hospitality.
In my narrative I have confined myself to relate our proceedings from
the time we left Bombay to my arrival at Constantinople. The sea
voyages, from England to India, and from Constantinople to England, are
too well known to require any thing more to be written about them.
The engravings that are inserted are made from drawings which I took
on the spot; they are done in a slight manner, and therefore are more
intended to give general ideas, than to enter into any nicety of detail.
For the map from _Bushire_ to _Teheran_ I am indebted to my friend
Captain JAMES SUTHERLAND, of the Bombay army; and for the general
one of the countries, through which my route carried me, I must here
return my thanks to Major RENNELL, who has furnished me with this
valuable document, and who has kindly assisted me in this, as well as
on other occasions when I found myself deficient, with his advice and
information. The map from _Teheran_ to _Amasia_ is the result of my
own observation, corrected by the same masterly hand. It terminates
at _Amasia_, because my journey from that place to _Constantinople_
was performed as much by night as it was by day, and prosecuted with
too great speed to permit me to observe with accuracy. Besides which,
in Turkey, where the people are much more jealous and watchful of
travellers than in Persia, I found that I could not make my remarks
so much at my ease as I wished, although assisted by the disguise of
a Persian dress. The courses and distances, noted in the journal,
are only to be regarded as a kind of _dead reckoning_, subject to
correction by the application of latitudes in certain places, and of
approximated positions in others; and, in all, by allowances for the
inflexions and inequalities of the roads.
I am indebted to Messrs. JUKES and BRUCE, of the Bombay service, for
the information which they furnished me whilst I was in Persia, and I
have not failed to make my acknowledgments, wherever such information
has been inserted.
But I must, in particular, express my gratitude to Mr. ROBERT HARRY
INGLIS, for the kindness with which he offered to correct and arrange
my memoranda, and prepare my journals for the press.[2]
I beg leave to repeat that this volume is meant merely as provisional,
and that I am far from entertaining the presumption that it will
class with the valuable pages of CHARDIN, LE BRUN, HANWAY, NIEBUHR,
or OLIVIER. It is to be expected, that the extensive communication
that will be opened with Persia, in consequence of our late political
transactions with its court, will throw the whole extent of that very
interesting part of the globe under our cognizance; and that, among
other subjects of inquiry, its numerous antiquities, which have as yet
been but imperfectly explored, will throw new lights upon its ancient
history, manners, religion, and language.
INTRODUCTION.
The history of Persia from the death of NADIR SHAH to the accession of
the present King, comprehending a period of fifty-one years, presents
little else than a catalogue of the names of tyrants and usurpers, and
a succession of murders, treacheries and scenes of misery.
After the assassination of NADIR, one of the most formidable of the
competitors for the vacant throne, was MAHOMED HASSAN KHAN, the head of
the _Cadjar_ tribe, and a person of high rank among the nobles of SHAH
THAMAS, the last king of the SEFFI race.[3] MAHOMED HASSAN KHAN had
several sons: HOSSEIN KOOLI KHAN, the eldest, was father to the present
King of Persia, and was killed in a battle with the _Turcomans_: AGA
MAHOMED KHAN, the second son, was the immediate predecessor of his
nephew on the throne.
MAHOMED HASSAN KHAN had not long assumed the crown, when he was
opposed by KERIM KHAN, a native of _Courdistan_; who, under pretence
of protecting the rights of ISMAEL,[4] a lineal descendant of the
SEFFI family, and then a child, secured to himself so large a share
of influence and authority in the state, that he very soon supplanted
virtually the pageant that he had erected; and, while he still
concealed his ambition under the name of _Vakeel_ or Regent, exercised
all the real powers of the sovereign of Persia. The birth of KERIM
KHAN was obscure; but the habits of his early years qualified him for
the times in which he lived, and the destiny to which he aspired. His
family, indeed, was a low branch of an obscure tribe in _Courdistan_,
that of the _Zunds_, from which his dynasty has been denominated;
and his profession was the single occupation of all his countrymen,
robbery,[5] which, when it thus becomes a national object, loses
in reputation all its grossness. Here he acquired the talents and
hardihood of a soldier; and was renowned for an effectual spirit of
enterprise, and for great personal skill in the exercise of the sword,
a qualification of much value among his people. The long revolutions
of Persia called forth every talent and every passion; and the hopes
of KERIM KHAN were excited by the partial successes of others, and
by the consciousness of his own resources. He entered the field; and
eventually overcame MAHOMED HASSAN KHAN, his principal competitor, who
fled and was killed in _Mazanderan_. The conqueror having seized and
confined the children of his rival, proceeded to | 1,407.054907 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.3476680 | 3,745 | 12 |
Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan, Carl Miller
at the Book Shop (Poplar Bluff, Missouri) and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Studies _in the_
Epistle _of_ James
_First published as_
PRACTICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
OF CHRISTIANITY
A. T. ROBERTSON
Late Professor of New Testament Interpretation, Southern Baptist
Theological Seminary, Louisville, Kentucky
_Revised and Edited by_
Heber F. Peacock
[Illustration: ]
BROADMAN PRESS
_Nashville, Tennessee_
421-06232
_Library of Congress catalog card number: 59-5861_
Printed in the United States of America
5.AT58K.S.P.
Preface
In August, 1912, it was my privilege to deliver a course of lectures at
the Northfield Bible Conference. There were many requests for the
publication of the addresses. I shall never forget the bright faces of
the hundreds who gathered in beautiful Sage Chapel at 8:30 on those
August mornings. In August, 1913, the lectures were repeated at the New
York Chautauqua and at the Winona Bible Conference. There were renewed
appeals for publication, but it was not possible to put the material
into shape because of my work on _A Grammar of the Greek New Testament
in the Light of Historical Research_.
I have expanded the lectures a good deal and have added some
introductory discussion about James himself. I have in mind ministers,
social workers, students of the Bible, Sunday school teachers, and all
lovers of the Word of God and of rightness of life. Technical matters
are placed in parentheses or in footnotes so that the reader may go on
without these if he cares to do so. There is a freshness in the Greek
text not possible in the English, but those who do not know Greek may
still read this book with entire ease.
I do not claim that these addresses are a detailed commentary on the
Epistle of James. They are expository talks based, I trust, on sober,
up-to-date scholarship and applied to modern life. It is the old gospel
in the new age that we need and must know how to use. There is a
wondrous charm in these words of the long ago from one who walked so
close by the side of the Son of man, who misunderstood him at first but
who came at last to rejoice in his Brother in the flesh as the Lord
Jesus Christ. It is immensely worthwhile to listen to what James has to
say about Christianity and the problems of everyday life. His words
throb with power today and strike a peculiarly modern note in the
emphasis upon social problems and reality in religion. They have the
breath of heaven and the warmth of human sympathy and love. Except for a
few quotations from the King James Version, Scripture quotations follow
the American Standard Version.
Preface to Second Edition
The welcome accorded this interpretation of the Epistle of James makes a
new edition necessary. Opportunity is thus afforded for weeding out
misprints. Prof. S. L. Watson, of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has kindly
verified all the references in the book. The words of James strike a
peculiarly modern note during these days of war.
A. T. R.
Contents
I. James, a Servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ 1
II. To the Twelve Tribes Which Are of the Dispersion 28
III. Joy in Trial 33
IV. The Way of Temptation 48
V. The Practice of the Word of God 60
VI. Class Prejudice 75
VII. The Appeal to Life 91
VIII. The Tongues of Teachers 104
IX. The True Wise Man 124
X. The Outer and the Inner Life 140
XI. God and Business 158
XII. Perseverance and Prayer 177
I
James, a Servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ
The Brother of the Lord
It will be well to put together the bits of information about James, or
Jacob,[1] as he is called in the Greek. They are not very numerous, and
yet it is possible to form a reasonably clear picture of his
personality.
It is here assumed that James the author of the epistle is James the
brother of the Lord (Gal. 1:19). It is hardly conceivable that James the
brother of John could have written the epistle, since he was put to
death as early as A.D. 44 by Herod Agrippa I (Acts 12:2). The matters
presented in the epistle were hardly acute in the Jewish Christian world
by that date, and there is no evidence that this James had attained a
special position of leadership that justified a general appeal to Jewish
Christians.[2]
The epistle belongs to the five “disputed” epistles (James, Jude, 2 and
3 John, 2 Peter) and it circulated in the East before it did in the
West. It occurs in the Peshitta Syriac Version. Origen (in Johan. xix.
6) knows it as “the Epistle current as that of James” and Eusebius (H.
E. III. xxv. 3) describes it with the other four as “nevertheless
well-known to most people.”
There are many proofs[3] that the epistle was written by the author of
the speech in Acts 15:13-21—delicate similarities of thought and style
too subtle for mere imitation or copying. The same likeness appears
between the Epistle of James and the letter to Antioch, probably written
also by James (Acts 15:23-29). There are, besides, apparent
reminiscences of the Sermon on the Mount, which James may have heard
personally or at least heard the substance of it. There is the same
vividness of imagery in the epistle that is so prominent a
characteristic of the teaching of Jesus.
If it be urged that the author of the epistle, if related to Jesus,
would have said so, one may reply that a delicate sense of propriety may
have had precisely the opposite effect. Jesus had himself laid emphasis
on the fact of his spiritual kinship with all believers as more
important (Matt. 12:48-50). The fact that James during the ministry of
Jesus was not sympathetic with His work would also act as a restraining
force upon him. The brother of Jesus (see also Jude 1) naturally would
wish to make his appeal on the same plane as the other teachers of the
gospel. He rejoices in the title of “servant of God and of the Lord
Jesus Christ,” just as Paul did later (Rom. 1:1; Phil. 1:1; Titus 1:1)
and as Jude, the brother of James, did (Jude 1).
Paul, however, added the term “apostle” in Romans 1:1 and Titus 1:1
which James and Jude do not employ. None of them were members of the
twelve, although Paul claimed apostleship on a par with the twelve (1
Cor. 9:1 f.; 15:8; 2 Cor. 12:11 f.). And yet Paul implies (Gal. 1:19)
that James also is an apostle[4] in a true sense of that term. Like
Paul, he had seen the risen Lord (1 Cor. 15:7). But James, though one of
the pillars at Jerusalem with Peter and John (Gal. 2:9), is content with
the humbler word “slave.” He is the bondsman of the Lord Jesus Christ as
well as of God and so is a Christian in the full sense of the term.
He places Jesus on a par with God and uses Christ as a part of the name.
He identifies his brother Jesus with the Messiah of the Old Testament
and the fulfilment of the hopes and aspirations of true Judaism. One
must perceive that the term “Christ” in the mouth of James carries its
full content and is used deliberately. He adds also “Lord,” which has
here the Old Testament connotation of worship. It is not a mere polite
term for station or courtesy. The use of “Lord” by the side of “God”
places James unquestionably in the ranks of worshipers of Jesus Christ
as Lord and Saviour. See also James 2:1, “faith of our Lord Jesus
Christ.”
I consider it settled that James was not the cousin of Jesus, the son of
the sister of Mary the mother of Jesus. There is no doubt that the Greek
word for brother is used for members of a brotherhood in the current
Greek of the first century A.D., just as we find it so frequently in the
New Testament. This usage does not apply to the brothers of Jesus
referred to in the Gospels (John 2:12; Mark 6:3; Matt. 13:55; John 7:3).
In Matthew 12:46, 49 we find both the literal and the figurative use of
“brother” side by side. In this looser sense anyone may be called
“brother.”
In Leviticus 10:4 the first cousins of Aaron are termed “brethren,” but
this instance does not justify the constant use of the word in the
Gospels for a definite group of persons as brothers of Jesus if they
were only cousins. Besides, they appear constantly with Mary, the mother
of Jesus, as members of her family. The use of “sisters” increases the
argument for the common use of the word (Mark 6:3; Matt. 13:56). There
are many other difficulties in the way of this position, such as the
fact of two sisters with the name of Mary and the identification of
Alphaeus and Clopas.
The theory that James and the other brothers and sisters were all
children of Joseph by a former marriage (step-brother theory) is free
from the difficulty about the word “brother” and is not inconceivable in
itself. Unfortunately there are critical objections to it, for Jesus is
not called “only begotten” of Mary but “firstborn” in Luke 2:7: “She
brought forth her firstborn son.”
Jesus is “only begotten” of God (John 1:18), as the widow of Nain had an
only son (Luke 7:12) and Jairus an only daughter (Luke 8:42). But
“firstborn” occurs in the true sense all through the Septuagint (cf.
Gen. 27:19, 32; 43:33; Deut. 21:15), where there were other children.
The inscriptions show it in the true sense. The New Testament instances
of “firstborn” are all strictly correct from this standpoint, even
Colossians 1:15 and Romans 8:29. “Firstborn” implies other children.
Besides, the natural meaning of Matthew 1:25 leads to the same
conclusion.
The theory (brother or half-brother theory) that Jesus and James were
sons of the same mother, Mary, may be said to hold the field against the
others. In fact, it is most likely that both of the other theories grew
out of the desire to secure a greater imaginary sanctity for Mary under
the impression that she was more holy if she bore only Jesus and did not
live as wife with Joseph. But this is contrary to all Jewish sentiment,
and certainly there is nothing in the Gospels to countenance this notion
but much to contradict it. We conclude, therefore, that James, the
author of the epistle, is the brother of Jesus.
In the Family Circle at Nazareth
In spite of Origen’s opinion (Origen on Matt. 13:55) that the sons and
daughters of Joseph were children of a former marriage, an opinion more
than offset by the position of Tertullian (_de Monog. 8_, _de Virg. Vel.
6_), we must think of the family circle at Nazareth as composed of five
brothers (Jesus, James, Joses, Judas, Simon, as in Mark 6:3, but Jesus,
James, Joseph, Simon, Judas in Matt. 13:55) and the “sisters.” Every
implication is that they all passed as sons and daughters of Joseph and
Mary in the usual sense. The order implies also that while Jesus was the
eldest, James came next among the brothers. Unfortunately, the names of
the sisters are not given.
We are to think, therefore, of a large home circle in the humble
carpenter’s house in Nazareth. Jesus, the eldest, followed the trade of
Joseph, the father of the family, and came to be known as “the
carpenter” (Mark 6:3). Certainly all the children must have learned to
work with their hands, although we do not know whether James adopted
that trade or some other. He would soon be called upon to help in the
support of the family, as Joseph seems to be dead when Jesus enters upon
his ministry; he is not mentioned with Mary and the children in Matthew
13:55 and Mark 6:3. Joseph was probably older than Mary. The family were
not peasants, and they probably had all the necessary comforts of the
simple primitive life of a workman in a small town in Galilee.
Jewish boys usually started to school when six years old, but before
that the education of James had begun in the home. “James, together with
his brothers and sisters, was brought up in an atmosphere charged with
reverence for God and love for man, with tenderness, freedom, and
joy.”[5] The Jewish parents did not shirk parental responsibility for
the religious training of the children, and a large family was regarded
as a blessing from God. The love of God was the first of all lessons
taught at home, and this was followed by the simple elements of truth,
uprightness, mercy, and beneficence.[6] The Jewish mother rejoiced in
her children, and James was fortunate in having such a mother as Mary
and such a father as Joseph, whose dedication to the things of their God
was sincere.
At school, while religion was the main theme and portions of the Old
Testament the textbook, there was abundant intellectual stimulus. The
quick-witted boy would be all alive to the great problems of faith and
duty. The teacher would probably use the Aramaic dialect of Galilee,
even if he had the Old Testament in Hebrew. But the boy would soon learn
to speak the _Koine_ also, the current Greek of the world, the language
of commerce and of common intercourse everywhere. Simon Peter, the
fisherman, knew and used Greek, as did John, the apostle. It was common
for people to know two languages. Paul probably knew Aramaic and Hebrew,
Greek and Latin. Jesus knew and spoke both Aramaic and Greek and
probably knew Hebrew also.
James came to write Greek with a great deal of ease and skill. He was in
no sense a littérateur. He was no Atticist in his style and did not try
to imitate the classical Greek writers, whom he probably never read.
Deissmann[7] does call the Epistle of James “a little piece of
literature,” but he means a product of popular literature. Certainly
there is nothing artificial in content and style. Is it mere fancy to
think that the same poetic beauty shown in Mary’s Magnificat (Luke
1:46-55) appears in the Sermon on the Mount and in the Epistle of James?
At least the rich acquaintance with the Old Testament exists in all
three.
The author of the epistle is gifted with imagination and shows knowledge
of the apocryphal books, especially the wisdom literature of the Jews.
But he is a thorough Jew in his outlook and literary method,[8] so much
so indeed that it is contended by some that James wrote the epistle
originally in Aramaic,[9] an unlikely supposition. The widespread
diffusion of Greek in Palestine amply accounts for the author’s grasp of
the language.[10] The epigrammatic and picturesque style is due to the
writer’s individuality, his environment, and his reading. His vocabulary
is rich in words about fishing, husbandry, and domestic life, as one
would expect.[11] A man of the force and position of James could easily
broaden his acquaintance with the Greek tongue as the years went by. The
Greek is pure _Koine_, with few Hebraisms, though the tone is distinctly
that of the Old Testament.[12] He speaks like a prophet of old in the
service of Christ. There is no doubt that James came to be a man of
culture in a real sense.
He probably married early, as it was the custom of the Jews for men to
marry at the | 1,407.367708 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.3487590 | 6,289 | 9 |
Produced by Chris Curnow, Charlie Howard and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
STORIES OF USEFUL INVENTIONS
[Illustration:
Guglielmo Marconi
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Edison
Sir Henry Bessemer
Robert Fulton
Alexander Graham Bell
Hudson Maxim
A GROUP OF INVENTORS]
STORIES OF
USEFUL INVENTIONS
BY
S. E. FORMAN
AUTHOR OF "A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES,"
"ADVANCED CIVICS," ETC.
[Illustration]
NEW YORK
THE CENTURY CO.
1911
Copyright, 1911, by
THE CENTURY CO.
_Published September, 1911_
PREFACE
In this little book I have given the history of those inventions which
are most useful to man in his daily life. I have told the story of the
Match, the Stove, the Lamp, the Forge, the Steam-Engine, the Plow, the
Reaper, the Mill, the Loom, the House, the Carriage, the Boat, the
Clock, the Book, and the Message. From the history of these inventions
we learn how man became the master of the world of nature around him,
how he brought fire and air and earth and water under his control and
compelled them to do his will and his work. When we trace the growth of
these inventions we at the same time trace the course of human progress.
These stories, therefore, are stories of human progress; they are
chapters in the history of civilization.
And they are chapters which have not hitherto been brought together in
one book. Monographs on most of the subjects included in this book have
appeared, and excellent books about modern inventions have been written,
but as far as I know, this is the first time the evolution of these
useful inventions has been fully traced in a single volume.
While preparing the stories I have received many courtesies from
officers in the Library of Congress and from those of the National
Museum.
S. E. F.
May, 1911.
Washington, D. C.
CONTENTS
PAGE
THE FOREWORD ix
I THE MATCH 3
II THE STOVE 13
III THE LAMP 28
IV THE FORGE 38
V THE STEAM-ENGINE 54
VI THE PLOW 73
VII THE REAPER 85
VIII THE MILL 97
IX THE LOOM 109
X THE HOUSE 123
XI THE CARRIAGE 144
XII THE CARRIAGE (_Continued_) 156
XIII THE BOAT 166
XIV THE CLOCK 187
XV THE BOOK 203
XVI THE MESSAGE 222
A FOREWORD[1]
These stories of useful inventions are chapters in the history of
civilization and this little book is a book of history. Now we are told
by Herodotus, one of the oldest and greatest of historians, that when
the writer of history records an event he should state the _time_ and
the _place_ of its happening. In some kinds of history--in the history
of the world's wars, for example, or in the history of its
politics--this is strictly true. When we are reading of the battle of
Bunker Hill we should be told precisely when and where the battle was
fought, and in an account of the Declaration of Independence the time
and place of the declaration should be given. But in the history of
inventions we cannot always be precise as to dates and places. Of course
it cannot be told when the first plow or the first loom or the first
clock was made. Inventions like these had their origin far back in the
earliest ages when there was no such person as a historian. And when we
come to the history of inventions in more recent times the historian is
still sometimes unable to discover the precise time and place of an
invention.
It is in the nature of things that the origin of an invention should be
surrounded by uncertainty and doubt. An invention, as we shall see
presently, is nearly always a response to a certain want. The world
wants something and it promises a rich reward to one who will furnish
the desired thing. The inventor, recognizing the want, sets to work to
make the thing, but he conducts his experiments in secret, for the
reason that he does not want another to steal his ideas and get ahead of
him. We can see that this is true in respect to the flying machine. The
first experiments with the flying machine were conducted in secret in
out of the way places and pains were taken that the public should know
as little as possible about the new machine and about the results of the
experiments. The history of the flying machine will of course have to be
written, but because of the secrecy and mystery which surrounded the
beginnings of the invention it will be extremely difficult for the
future historian to tell precisely when the first flying machine was
invented or to name the inventor. If it is so difficult to get the facts
as to the origin of an invention in our own time, how much more
difficult it is to clear away the mystery and doubt which surround the
beginnings of an invention in an age long past!
In a history of inventions, then, the historian cannot be precise in
respect to dates and places. Fortunately this is not a cause for deep
regret. It is not a great loss to truth that we cannot know precisely
when the first book was printed, nor does it make much difference
whether that book was printed in Holland or in Germany. In giving an
account of an invention we may be content to treat the matter of time
and place broadly, for the story is apt to carry us through a stretch of
years that defies computation, a stretch that is immensely longer than
the life of any nation. For our purpose these millenniums, these long
stretches of time, may be thought of as being divided into three great
periods, namely: the _primitive_, the _ancient_, and the _modern_
period. Even a division so broad as this is not satisfactory, for in the
progress of their inventions all countries have not kept equal step with
the march of time. In some things ancient Greece was modern, while in
most things modern Alaska is primitive and modern China is ancient.
Nevertheless it will be convenient at times in this book to speak of the
_primitive_, the _ancient_ and the _modern_ periods, and it will be
useful to regard the _primitive_ period as beginning with the coming of
man on earth and extending to the year 5000 B. C.; the _ancient_ period
may be thought of as beginning with the year 5000 B. C. and ending with
the year 476 A. D., leaving for the _modern_ period the years that have
passed since 476 A. D.
In tracing the growth of an invention the periods indicated above can
serve as a time-guide only for those parts of the world where the course
of civilization has taken its way, for invention and civilization have
traveled the same road. The region of the world's most advanced
civilization includes the lands bordering on the Mediterranean Sea,
Central and Northern Europe, the British Isles, North America, South
America and Australia. It is within this region that we shall follow the
development of whatever invention is under consideration. When speaking
of the first forms of an invention, however, it will sometimes be
necessary, when an illustration is desired, to draw upon the experience
of people who are outside of the wall of civilization. The reason for
going outside is plain. The first and simplest forms of the useful
inventions have utterly perished in civilized countries, but they still
exist among savage and barbarous peoples and it is among such peoples
that the first forms must be studied. Thus in the story of the clock,
we must go to a far-off peninsula of Southern Asia (p. 190) for an
illustration of the beginning of our modern timepiece. Such a departure
from the beaten track of civilization does not spoil the story, for as a
rule, the rude forms of inventions found among the lowest races of
to-day are precisely the same forms that were in use among the Egyptians
and Greeks when they were in their lowest state.
When studying the history of an invention there are two facts or
principles which should ever be borne in mind. The first principle is
this: _Necessity is the mother of invention._ This principle was touched
upon when it was said that an invention appears as a response to a want.
When the world wants an invention it usually gets it and makes the most
of it, but it will have nothing to do with an invention it does not
want. The steam-engine was invented two thousand years ago (p. 55) but
the world then had no work for steam to do, so the invention attracted
little attention and came to naught. About two hundred years ago,
however, man did want the services of steam and inventors were not long
in supplying the engine that was needed. About a hundred years ago the
broad prairie lands of the United States began to be tilled but it was
soon found that the vast areas could not be plowed and that the immense
crops could not be harvested by the old methods. So improvements upon
the plow and the reaper began to be made and in time the steam gang-plow
and the complete harvester were invented. When the locomotive first came
into use a simple handbrake was used to stop the slow-going trains, but
as the size and the speed of trains increased the handbrake became more
and more unsatisfactory. Sometimes a train would run as much as a half
mile beyond a station before it could be stopped and then when "backed"
it would again pass beyond the station. The problem of stopping the
train promptly became fully as important as starting it. The problem was
solved by the invention of the air-brake. And thus it has been with all
the inventions which surround us: necessity has been the mother of them
all.
The other principle is that a mechanical invention is a _growth_, or, to
state the truth in another way, an invention nearly always is simply an
improvement upon a previous invention. The loom, for example, was not
invented by a particular person at a particular time; it did not spring
into existence in a day with all its parts perfected; it _grew_, century
by century, piece by piece. In the stories which will follow the steps
in the growth of an invention are shown in the illustrations. These
pictures are not for amusement but for study. As you read, examine them
carefully and they will teach you quite as much about the growth of the
invention as you can be taught by words.
FOOTNOTE:
[1] Where readers are quite young the Foreword had better be postponed
until the stories themselves are read.
STORIES OF USEFUL INVENTIONS
THE MATCH
Did you ever think how great and how many are the blessings of fire? Try
to think of a world without fire. Suppose we should wake up some bitter
cold morning and find that all the fires in the world were out, and that
there was no way of rekindling them; that the art of kindling a fire had
been lost. In such a plight we should all soon be shivering with the
cold, for our stoves and furnaces could give us no warmth; we should all
soon be hungry, for we could not cook our food; we should all soon be
idle, for engines could not draw trains, wheels of factories could not
turn, and trade and commerce would come to a standstill; at night we
would grope in darkness, for we could use neither lamp nor gas nor
electric light. It is easy to see that without fire, whether for light
or heat, the life of man would be most wretched.
There never was a time when the world was without fire, but there was a
time when men did not know how to kindle fire; and after they learned
how to kindle one, it was a long, long time before they learned how to
kindle one easily. In these days we can kindle a fire without any
trouble, because we can easily get a match; but we must remember that
the match is one of the most wonderful things in the world, and that it
took men thousands of years to learn how to make one. Let us learn the
history of this familiar little object, the match.
Fire was first given to man by nature itself. When a forest is set on
fire by cinders from a neighboring volcano, or when a tree is set ablaze
by a thunderbolt, we may say that nature strikes a match. In the early
history of the world, nature had to kindle all the fires, for man by his
own effort was unable to produce a spark. The first method, then, of
getting fire for use was to light sticks of wood at a flame kindled by
nature--by a volcano, perhaps, or by a stroke of lightning. These
firebrands (Fig. 1) were carried to the home and used in kindling the
fires there. The fire secured in this way was carefully guarded and was
kept burning as long as possible. But the flame, however faithfully
watched, would sometimes be extinguished. A sudden gust of wind or a
sudden shower would put it out. Then a new firebrand would have to be
secured, and this often meant a long journey and a deal of trouble.
[Illustration: FIG. 1.--GETTING A MATCH FROM NATURE.]
[Illustration: FIG. 2.--PRIMITIVE FIRE-MAKING. THE STICK-AND-GROOVE
METHOD.]
In the course of time a man somewhere in the world hit upon a plan of
kindling a fire without having any fire to begin with; that is to say,
he hit upon a plan of producing a fire by _artificial_ means. He knew
that by rubbing his hands together very hard and very fast he could make
them very warm. By trial he learned that by rubbing two pieces of dry
wood together he could make _them_ very warm. Then he asked himself the
question: Can a fire be kindled by rubbing two pieces of wood together,
if they are rubbed hard enough? He placed upon the ground a piece of
perfectly dry wood (Fig. 2) and rubbed this with the end of a stick
until a groove was made. In the groove a fine dust of wood--a kind of
sawdust--was made by the rubbing. He went on rubbing hard and fast,
and, behold, the dust in the groove began to glow! He placed some dry
grass upon the embers and blew upon them with his breath, and the grass
burst into a flame.[2] Here for the first time a man kindled a fire for
himself. He had invented the match, the greatest invention, perhaps, in
the history of the world.
[Illustration: FIG. 3.--THE FIRE DRILL.
(Simple Form.)]
The stick-and-groove method--as we may call it--of getting a flame was
much better than guarding fire and carrying it from place to place; yet
it was, nevertheless, a very clumsy method. The wood used had to be
perfectly dry, and the rubbing required a vast amount of work and
patience. Sometimes it would take hours to produce the spark. After a
while--and doubtless it was a very long while--it was found that it was
better to keep the end of the stick in one spot and twirl it (Fig. 3)
than it was to plow to and fro with it. The twirling motion made a hole
in which the heat produced by the friction was confined in a small
space. At first the drilling was done by twirling the stick between the
palms of the hands, but this made the hands too hot for comfort, and
the fire-makers learned to do the twirling with a cord or thong[3]
wrapped around the stick (Fig. 4). You see, the upper end of the stick
which serves as a drill turns in a cavity in a mouthpiece which the
operator holds between his teeth. If you should undertake to use a
fire-drill of this kind, it is likely that your jaws would be painfully
jarred.
[Illustration: FIG. 4.--FIRE DRILL.
(Improved Form.)]
By both the methods described above, the fire was obtained by rubbing or
_friction_. The friction method seems to have been used by all primitive
peoples, and it is still in use among savages in various parts of the
world.
[Illustration: FIG. 5.--STRIKING FIRE.]
[Illustration: FIG. 6.--TINDER BOX, FLINT, STEEL, AND SULPHUR-TIPPED
SPLINTERS.]
The second step in fire-making was taken when it was discovered that a
spark can be made by striking together a stone and a piece of iron ore.
Strike a piece of flint against a piece of iron ore known as pyrites, or
fire-stone, and you will make sparks fly. (Fig. 5.) Let these sparks fall
into small pieces of dried moss or powdered charcoal, and the _tinder_,
as the moss or the charcoal is called, will catch fire. It will glow,
but it will not blaze. Now hold a dry splinter in the glowing tinder,
and fan or blow with the breath and the splinter will burst into a
flame. If you will tip your splinter with sulphur before you place it in
the burning tinder, you will get a flame at once. This was the
strike-a-light, or _percussion_, method of making a fire. It followed
the friction method, and was a great improvement upon it because it took
less work and a shorter time to get a blaze. The regular outfit for
fire-making with the strike-a-light consisted of a tinder-box, a piece
of steel, a piece of flint, and some splinters tipped with sulphur (Fig.
6). The flint and steel were struck together, and the sparks thus made
fell into the tinder and made it glow. A splinter was applied as quickly
as possible to the tinder, and when a flame was produced the candle
which rested in the socket on the tinder-box was lighted. As soon as the
splinter was lighted the cover was replaced on the tinder-box, so as to
smother the glowing tinder and save it for another time.
The strike-a-light method was discovered many thousands of years ago,
and it has been used by nearly all the civilized nations of the
world.[4] And it has not been so very long since this method was laid
aside. There are many people now living who remember when the flint and
steel and tinder-box were in use in almost every household.
About three hundred years ago a third method of producing fire was
discovered. If you should drop a small quantity of sulphuric acid into a
mixture of chlorate of potash and sugar, you would produce a bright
flame. Here was a hint for a new way of making a fire; and a thoughtful
man in Vienna, in the seventeenth century, profited by the hint. He took
one of the sulphur-tipped splinters which he was accustomed to use with
his tinder-box, and dipped it into sulphuric acid, and then applied it
to a mixture of chlorate of potash and sugar. The splinter caught fire
and burned with a blaze. Here was neither friction nor percussion. The
chemical substances were simply brought together, and they caught fire
of themselves; that is to say, they caught fire by _chemical_ action.
The discovery made by the Vienna man led to a new kind of match--the
chemical match. A practical outfit for fire-making now consisted of a
bottle of sulphuric acid (vitriol) and a bundle of splints tipped with
sulphur, chlorate of potash, and sugar. Matches of this kind were very
expensive, costing as much as five dollars a hundred; besides, they were
very unsatisfactory. Often when the match was dipped into the acid it
would not catch fire, but would smolder and sputter and throw the acid
about and spoil both the clothes and the temper. These dip-splint
matches were used in the eighteenth century by those who liked them and
could afford to buy them. They did not, however, drive out the old
strike-a-light and tinder-box.
In the nineteenth century--the century in which so many wonderful things
were done--the fourth step in the development of the match was taken. In
1827, John Walker, a druggist in a small English town, tipped a splint
with sulphur, chlorate of potash, and sulphid of antimony, and rubbed it
on sandpaper, and it burst into flame. The druggist had discovered the
first _friction-chemical_ match, the kind we use to-day. It is called
friction-chemical because it is made by mixing certain chemicals
together and rubbing them. Although Walker's match did not require the
bottle of acid, nevertheless it was not a good one. It could be lighted
only by hard rubbing, and it sputtered and threw fire in all directions.
In a few years, however, phosphorus was substituted on the tip for
antimony, and the change worked wonders. The match could now be lighted
with very little rubbing, and it was no longer necessary to have
sandpaper upon which to rub it. It would ignite when rubbed on any dry
surface, and there was no longer any sputtering. This was the
_phosphorus_ match, the match with which we are so familiar.
After the invention of the easily-lighted phosphorus match there was no
longer use for the dip-splint or the strike-a-light. The old methods of
getting a blaze were gradually laid aside and forgotten. The first
phosphorus matches were sold at twenty-five cents a block--a block (Fig.
7) containing a hundred and forty-four matches. They were used by few.
Now a hundred matches can be bought for a cent. It is said that in the
United States we use about 150,000,000,000 matches a year. This, on an
average, is about five matches a day for each person.
[Illustration: FIG. 7.--A "BLOCK" OF MATCHES.]
There is one thing against the phosphorus match: it ignites too easily.
If one is left on the floor, it may be ignited by stepping upon it, or
by something falling upon it. We may step on a phosphorus match
unawares, light it, leave it burning, and thus set the house on fire.
Mice often have caused fires by gnawing the phosphorus matches and
igniting them. In one city thirty destructive fires were caused in one
year by mice lighting matches.
[Illustration: FIG. 8.--A BOX OF MODERN SAFETY MATCHES.]
To avoid accident by matches, the _safety match_ (Fig. 8) has recently
been invented. The safety match does not contain phosphorus. The
phosphorus is mixed with fine sand and glued to the side of the box in
which the matches are sold. The safety match, therefore, cannot be
lighted unless it is rubbed on the phosphorus on the outside of the box.
It is so much better than the old kind of phosphorus match that it is
driving the latter out of the market. Indeed, in some places it is
forbidden by law to sell any kind of match but the safety match.
The invention of the safety match is the last step in the long history
of fire-making. The first match was lighted by rubbing, and the match of
our own time is lighted by rubbing; yet what a difference there is
between the two! With the plowing-stick or fire-drill it took strength
and time and skill to get a blaze; with the safety match an awkward
little child can kindle a fire in a second.
And how long it has taken to make the match as good as it is! The
steam-engine, the telegraph, the telephone, and the electric light were
all in use before the simple little safety match.
FOOTNOTES:
[2] Mr. Walter Hough of the National Museum, himself a wizard in the art
of fire-making, tells me that a blaze cannot be produced simply by
rubbing sticks together. All that can be done by rubbing is to make them
glow.
[3] A narrow strip of leather.
[4] The ancient Greeks used a burning-glass or -lens for kindling fire.
The lens focused the sun's rays upon a substance that would burn easily
and set it afire. The burning-glass was not connected in any way with
the development of the match.
THE STOVE
From the story of the match you have learned how man through long ages
of experience gradually mastered the art of making a fire easily and
quickly. In this chapter, and in several which are to follow, we shall
have the history of those inventions which have enabled man to make the
best use of fire. Since the first and greatest use of fire is to cook
food and keep the body warm, our account of the inventions connected
with the use of fire may best begin with the story of the stove.
The most important uses of fire were taught by fire itself. As the
primitive man stood near the flames of the burning tree and felt their
pleasant glow, he learned that fire may add to bodily comfort; and when
the flames swept through a forest and overtook a deer and baked it, he
learned that fire might be used to improve the quality of his food. The
hint was not lost. He took a burning torch to his cave or hut and
kindled a fire on his floor of earth. His dwelling filled with smoke,
but he could endure the discomfort for the sake of the fire's warmth,
and for the sake of the toothsomeness of the cooked meats. After a time
a hole was made in the roof of the hut, and through this hole the smoke
passed out. Here was the first stove. The primitive stove was the entire
house; the floor was the fireplace and the hole in the roof was the
chimney (Fig. 1). The word "stove" originally meant "a heated room." So
that if we should say that at first people lived in their stoves, we
should say that which is literally true.
[Illustration: FIG. 1.--THE PRIMITIVE STOVE.]
Early inventions in cooking consisted in simple devices for applying
flame directly to the thing which was to be cooked. The first roasting
was doubtless done by fastening the flesh to a pole placed in a
horizontal position above the fire and supported as is shown in Figure
2.[5] The horizontal bar called a spit was originally of wood, but after
man had learned to work in metals an iron bar was used. When one side of
the flesh was roasted the spit was turned and the other side was exposed
to the flames. The spit of the primitive age was the parent of the
modern grill and broiler.
[Illustration: FIG. 2.--PRIMITIVE COOKING.]
Food was first boiled in a hole in the ground. A hole was filled with
water into which heated stones were thrown. The stones, by giving off
their heat, caused the water to boil in a very short time. After the
art of making vessels of clay was learned, food was boiled in earthen
pots suspended above the fire.
The methods of warming the house and cooking the food which have just
been described were certainly crude and inconvenient, but it was
thousands of years before better methods were invented. The long periods
of savagery and barbarism passed and the period of civilization was
ushered in, but civilization did not at once bring better stoves.
Neither the ancient Egyptians nor the ancient Greeks knew how to heat a
house comfortably and conveniently. All of them used the primitive
stove--a fire on the floor and a hole in the roof. In the house of an
ancient Greek there was usually one room which could be heated when
there was need, and this was called the "black-room" (_atrium_)--black
from the soot and smoke which escaped from the fire on the floor.
But we must not speak harshly of the ancients because they were slow in
improving their methods of heating for in truth the modern world has
not done as well in this direction as might have been expected. In a
book of travels written only sixty years ago may be found the following
passage: "In | 1,407.368799 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.7964540 | 351 | 6 |
Produced by Charlene Taylor, Sonya Schermann and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
Transcriber's Note When italics were used in the original book, the
corresponding text has been surrounded by _underscores_.
Some presumed printer's errors have been corrected, including
normalizing punctuation. Further corrections are listed below with the
printed text (top) and corrected text (bottom):
to defect the approach of the disease
to detect the approach of the disease (p. 98)
[Illustration: MISS MAHANEY AT TURKEY PARK]
MARGARET MAHANEY
_Talks About Turkeys_
Price, $1.00
Margaret Mahaney
TALKS ABOUT TURKEYS
_By_
MARGARET MAHANEY
THE SKILLFUL NEW ENGLAND
RAISER TELLS US SOME OF THE
SECRETS OF THE SUCCESSFUL
RAISING OF TURKEYS
_PUBLISHED BY_
THE PARK & POLLARD CO.
BOSTON, MASS.
Copyright 1913 by
THE PARK & POLLARD CO.
Boston, Massachusetts
------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTRODUCTION
BY PHILIP R. PARK
More than a century and a quarter ago there was fired in Concord,
Mass., a shot that was heard around the world. This shot terminated
the domination of monopoly and marked the opening of a new | 1,407.816494 |
2023-11-16 18:40:31.9293370 | 145 | 24 |
Produced by Jeannie Howse and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
* * * * *
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Transcriber's Note: |
| |
| Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. For |
| a complete list, please see the end of this document. |
| |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
* * * * *
HISTORICAL SKETCH
OF THE
FIFTEENTH REGIMENT | 1,407.949377 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.0797700 | 6,289 | 10 |
Produced by Delphine Lettau, Charles Franks and the people at DP
CECILIA
OR
Memoirs of an Heiress
by
FRANCES BURNEY
VOL. III.
BOOK VIII. _Continued_.
CHAPTER ii.
AN EVENT.
Scarce less unhappy in her decision than in her uncertainty, and every
way dissatisfied with her situation, her views and herself, Cecilia
was still so distressed and uncomfortable, when Delvile called the next
morning, that he could not discover what her determination had been, and
fearfully enquired his doom with hardly any hope of finding favour.
But Cecilia was above affectation, and a stranger to art. "I would not,
Sir," she said, "keep you an instant in suspense, when I am no longer in
suspense myself. I may have appeared trifling, but I have been nothing
less, and you would readily exculpate me of caprice, if half the
distress of my irresolution was known to you. Even now, when I hesitate
no more, my mind is so ill at ease, that I could neither wonder nor be
displeased should you hesitate in your turn."
"You hesitate no more?" cried he, almost breathless at the sound of
those words, "and is it possible--Oh my Cecilia!--is it possible your
resolution is in my favour?"
"Alas!" cried she, "how little is your reason to rejoice! a dejected and
melancholy gift is all you can receive!"
"Ere I take it, then," cried he, in a voice that spoke joy; pain, and
fear all at once in commotion, "tell me if your reluctance has its
origin in _me_, that I may rather even yet relinquish you, than merely
owe your hand to the selfishness of persecution?"
"Your pride," said she, half smiling, "has some right to be alarmed,
though I meant not to alarm it. No! it is with myself only I am at
variance, with my own weakness and want of judgment that I quarrel,--in
_you_ I have all the reliance that the highest opinion of your honour
and integrity can give me."
This was enough for the warm heart of Delvile, not only to restore
peace, but to awaken rapture. He was almost as wild with delight, as he
had before been with apprehension, and poured forth his acknowledgments
with so much fervour of gratitude, that Cecilia imperceptibly grew
reconciled to herself, and before she missed her dejection, participated
in his contentment.
She quitted him as soon as she had power, to acquaint Mrs Charlton with
what had passed, and assist in preparing her to accompany them to the
altar; while Delvile flew to his new acquaintance, Mr Singleton, the
lawyer, to request him to supply the place of Mr Monckton in giving her
away.
All was now hastened with the utmost expedition, and to avoid
observation, they agreed to meet at the church; their desire of secrecy,
however potent, never urging them to wish the ceremony should be
performed in a place less awful.
When the chairs, however, came, which were to carry the two ladies
thither, Cecilia trembled and hung back. The greatness of her
undertaking, the hazard of all her future happiness, the disgraceful
secrecy of her conduct, the expected reproaches of Mrs Delvile, and
the boldness and indelicacy of the step she was about to take, all so
forcibly struck, and so painfully wounded her, that the moment she was
summoned to set out, she again lost her resolution, and regretting the
hour that ever Delvile was known to her, she sunk into a chair, and gave
up her whole soul to anguish and sorrow.
The good Mrs Charlton tried in vain to console her; a sudden horror
against herself had now seized her spirits, which, exhausted by long
struggles, could rally no more.
In this situation she was at length surprised by Delvile, whose uneasy
astonishment that she had failed in her appointment, was only to be
equalled by that with which he was struck at the sight of her tears. He
demanded the cause with the utmost tenderness and apprehension; Cecilia
for some time could not speak, and then, with a deep sigh, "Ah!" she
cried, "Mr Delvile! how weak are we all when unsupported by our own
esteem! how feeble, how inconsistent, how changeable, when our courage
has any foundation but duty!"
Delvile, much relieved by finding her sadness sprung not from any new
affliction, gently reproached her breach of promise, and earnestly
entreated her to repair it. "The clergyman," cried he, "is waiting; I
have left him with Mr Singleton in the vestry; no new objections have
started, and no new obstacles have intervened; why, then, torment
ourselves with discussing again the old ones, which we have already
considered till every possible argument upon them is exhausted?
Tranquillize, I conjure you, your agitated spirits, and if the truest
tenderness, the most animated esteem, and the gratefullest admiration,
can soften your future cares, and ensure your future peace, every
anniversary of this day will recompense my Cecilia for every pang she
now suffers!"
Cecilia, half soothed and half ashamed, finding she had in fact nothing
new to say or to object, compelled herself to rise, and, penetrated
by his solicitations, endeavoured to compose her mind, and promised to
follow him.
He would not trust her, however, from his sight, but seizing the very
instant of her renewed consent, he dismissed the chairs, and ordering
a hackney-coach, preferred any risk to that of her again wavering, and
insisted upon accompanying her in it himself.
Cecilia had now scarce time to breathe, before she found herself at the
porch of----church. Delvile hurried her out of the carriage, and then
offered his arm to Mrs Charlton. Not a word was spoken by any of the
party till they went into the vestry, where Delvile ordered Cecilia
a glass of water, and having hastily made his compliments to the
clergyman, gave her hand to Mr Singleton, who led her to the altar.
The ceremony was now begun; and Cecilia, finding herself past all power
of retracting, soon called her thoughts from wishing it, and turned her
whole attention to the awful service; to which though she listened with
reverence, her full satisfaction in the object of her vows, made
her listen without terror. But when the priest came to that solemn
adjuration, _If any man can shew any just cause why they may not
lawfully be joined together_, a conscious tear stole into her eye, and
a sigh escaped from Delvile that went to her heart: but, when the priest
concluded the exhortation with _let him now speak, or else hereafter
for-ever hold his peace_, a female voice at some distance, called out in
shrill accents, "I do!"
The ceremony was instantly stopt. The astonished priest immediately shut
up the book to regard the intended bride and bridegroom; Delvile started
with amazement to see whence the sound proceeded; and Cecilia, aghast,
and struck with horror, faintly shriekt, and caught hold of Mrs
Charlton.
The consternation was general, and general was the silence, though all
of one accord turned round towards the place whence the voice issued: a
female form at the same moment was seen rushing from a pew, who glided
out of the church with the quickness of lightning.
Not a word was yet uttered, every one seeming rooted to the spot on
which he stood, and regarding in mute wonder the place this form had
crossed.
Delvile at length exclaimed, "What can this mean?"
"Did you not know the woman, Sir?" said the clergyman.
"No, Sir, I did not even see her."
"Nor you, madam?" said he, addressing Cecilia.
"No, Sir," she answered, in a voice that scarce articulated the two
syllables, and changing colour so frequently, that Delvile, apprehensive
she would faint, flew to her, calling out, "Let _me_ support you!"
She turned from him hastily, and still, holding by Mrs Charlton, moved
away from the altar.
"Whither," cried Delvile, fearfully following her, "whither are you
going?"
She made not any answer; but still, though tottering as much from
emotion as Mrs Charlton from infirmity, she walked on.
"Why did you stop the ceremony, Sir?" cried Delvile, impatiently
speaking to the clergyman.
"No ceremony, Sir," he returned, "could proceed with such an
interruption."
"It has been wholly accidental," cried he, "for we neither of us
know the woman, who could not have any right or authority for the
prohibition." Then yet more anxiously pursuing Cecilia, "why,"
he continued, "do you thus move off?--Why leave the ceremony
unfinished?--Mrs Charlton, what is it you are about?--Cecilia, I beseech
you return, and let the service go on!"
Cecilia, making a motion with her hand to forbid his following her,
still silently proceeded, though drawing along with equal difficulty Mrs
Charlton and herself.
"This is insupportable!" cried Delvile, with vehemence, "turn, I conjure
you!--my Cecilia!--my wife!--why is it you thus abandon me?--Turn,
I implore you, and receive my eternal vows!--Mrs Charlton, bring her
back,--Cecilia, you _must_ not go!--"
He now attempted to take her hand, but shrinking from his touch, in an
emphatic but low voice, she said, "Yes, Sir, I must!--an interdiction
such as this!--for the world could I not brave it!"
She then made an effort to somewhat quicken her pace.
"Where," cried Delvile, half frantic, "where is this infamous woman?
This wretch who has thus wantonly destroyed me!"
And he rushed out of the church in pursuit of her.
The clergyman and Mr Singleton, who had hitherto been wondering
spectators, came now to offer their assistance to Cecilia. She declined
any help for herself, but gladly accepted their services for Mrs
Charlton, who, thunderstruck by all that had past, seemed almost robbed
of her faculties. Mr Singleton proposed calling a hackney coach, she
consented, and they stopt for it at the church porch.
The clergyman now began to enquire of the pew-opener, what she knew of
the woman, who she was, and how she had got into the church? She knew of
her, she answered, nothing, but that she had come in to early prayers,
and she supposed she had hid herself in a pew when they were over, as
she had thought the church entirely empty.
An hackney coach now drew up, and while the gentlemen were assisting Mrs
Charlton into it, Delvile returned.
"I have pursued and enquired," cried he, "in vain, I can neither
discover nor hear of her.--But what is all this? Whither are you
going?--What does this coach do here?--Mrs Charlton, why do you get into
it?--Cecilia, what are you doing?"
Cecilia turned away from him in silence. The shock she had received,
took from her all power of speech, while amazement and terror deprived
her even of relief from tears. She believed Delvile to blame, though she
knew not in what, but the obscurity of her fears served only to render
them more dreadful.
She was now getting into the coach herself, but Delvile, who could
neither brook her displeasure, nor endure her departure, forcibly caught
her hand, and called out, "You are _mine_, you are my _wife_!--I will
part with you no more, and go whithersoever you will, I will follow and
claim you!"
"Stop me not!" cried she, impatiently though faintly, "I am sick, I am
ill already,--if you detain me any longer, I shall be unable to support
myself!"
"Oh then rest on _me_!" cried he, still holding her; "rest but upon me
till the ceremony is over!--you will drive me to despair and to madness
if you leave me in this barbarous manner!"
A crowd now began to gather, and the words bride and bridegroom reached
the ears of Cecilia; who half dead with shame, with fear, and with
distress, hastily said "You are determined to make me miserable!" and
snatching away her hand, which Delvile at those words could no longer
hold, she threw herself into the carriage.
Delvile, however, jumped in after her, and with an air of authority
ordered the coachman to Pall-Mall, and then drew up the glasses, with a
look of fierceness at the mob.
Cecilia had neither spirits nor power to resist him; yet, offended by
his violence, and shocked to be thus publickly pursued by him, her looks
spoke a resentment far more mortifying than any verbal reproach.
"Inhuman Cecilia!" cried he, passionately, "to desert me at the very
altar!--to cast me off at the instant the most sacred rites were uniting
us!--and then thus to look at me!--to treat me with this disdain at a
time of such distraction!--to scorn me thus injuriously at the moment
you unjustly abandon me!"
"To how dreadful a scene," said Cecilia, recovering from her
consternation, "have you exposed me! to what shame, what indignity, what
irreparable disgrace!"
"Oh heaven!" cried he with horror, "if any crime, any offence of mine
has occasioned this fatal blow, the whole world holds not a wretch so
culpable as myself, nor one who will sooner allow the justice of your
rigour! my veneration for you has ever equalled my affection, and could
I think it was through _me_ you have suffered any indignity, I should
soon abhor myself, as you seem to abhor me. But what is it I have done?
How have I thus incensed you? By what action, by what guilt, have I
incurred this displeasure?
"Whence," cried she, "came that voice which still vibrates in my ear?
The prohibition could not be on _my_ account, since none to whom I am
known have either right or interest in even wishing it."
"What an inference is this! over _me_, then, do you conclude this woman
had any power?"
Here they stopt at the lodgings. Delvile handed both the ladies out.
Cecilia, eager to avoid his importunities, and dreadfully disturbed,
hastily past him, and ran up stairs; but Mrs Charlton refused not his
arm, on which she lent till they reached the drawing-room.
Cecilia then rang the bell for her servant, and gave orders that a
post-chaise might be sent for immediately.
Delvile now felt offended in his turn; but suppressing his vehemence, he
gravely and quietly said "Determined as you are to leave me, indifferent
to my peace, and incredulous of my word, deign, at least, before we
part, to be more explicit in your accusation, and tell me if indeed it
is possible you can suspect that the wretch who broke off the ceremony,
had ever from me received provocation for such an action?"
"I know not what to suspect," said Cecilia, "where every thing is thus
involved in obscurity; but I must own I should have some difficulty to
think those words the effect of chance, or to credit that their speaker
was concealed without design."
"You are right, then, madam," cried he, resentfully, "to discard me! to
treat me with contempt, to banish me without repugnance, since I see
you believe me capable of duplicity, and imagine I am better informed
in this affair than I appear to be. You have said I shall make you
miserable,--no, madam, no! your happiness and misery depend not upon one
you hold so worthless!"
"On whatever they depend," said Cecilia, "I am too little at ease for
discussion. I would no more be daring than superstitious, but none of
our proceedings have prospered, and since their privacy has always been
contrary both to my judgment and my principles, I know not how to repine
at a failure I cannot think unmerited. Mrs Charlton, our chaise is
coming; you will be ready, I hope, to set off in it directly?"
Delvile, too angry to trust himself to speak, now walked about the room,
and endeavoured to calm himself; but so little was his success, that
though silent till the chaise was announced, when he heard that dreaded
sound, and saw Cecilia steady in her purpose of departing, he was so
much shocked and afflicted, that, clasping his hands in a transport of
passion and grief, he exclaimed. "This, then, Cecilia, is your faith!
this is the felicity you bid me hope! this is the recompense of my
sufferings, and the performing of your engagement!"
Cecilia, struck by these reproaches, turned back; but while she
hesitated how to answer them, he went on, "You are insensible to my
misery, and impenetrable to my entreaties; a secret enemy has had power
to make me odious in your sight, though for her enmity I can assign no
cause, though even her existence was this morning unknown to me!
Ever ready to abandon, and most willing to condemn me, you have more
confidence in a vague conjecture, than in all you have observed of the
whole tenour of my character. Without knowing why, you are disposed to
believe me criminal, without deigning to say wherefore, you are eager
to banish me your presence. Yet scarce could a consciousness of guilt
itself, wound me so forcibly, so keenly, as your suspecting I am
guilty!"
"Again, then," cried Cecilia, "shall I subject myself to a scene of such
disgrace and horror? No, never!--The punishment of my error shall at
least secure its reformation. Yet if I merit your reproaches, I deserve
not your regard; cease, therefore, to profess any for me, or make them
no more."
"Shew but to them," cried he, "the smallest sensibility, shew but for
me the most distant concern, and I will try to bear my disappointment
without murmuring, and submit to your decrees as to those from which
there is no appeal: but to wound without deigning even to look at what
you destroy,--to shoot at random those arrows that are pointed with
poison,--to see them fasten on the heart, and corrode its vital
functions, yet look on without compunction, or turn away with cold
disdain,--Oh where is the candour I thought lodged in Cecilia! where the
justice, the equity, I believed a part of herself!"
"After all that has past," said Cecilia, sensibly touched by his
distress, "I expected not these complaints, nor that, from me, any
assurances would be wanted; yet, if it will quiet your mind, if it will
better reconcile you to our separation---"
"Oh fatal prelude!" interrupted he, "what on earth can quiet my mind
that leads to our separation?--Give to me no condescension with any such
view,--preserve your indifference, persevere in your coldness,
triumph still in your power of inspiring those feelings you can never
return,--all, every thing is more supportable than to talk of our
separation!"
"Yet how," cried she, "parted, torn asunder as we have been, how is it
now to be avoided?"
"Trust in my honour! Shew me but the confidence which I will venture to
say I deserve, and then will that union no longer be impeded, which in
future, I am certain, will never be repented!"
"Good heaven, what a request! faith so implicit would be frenzy."
"You doubt, then, my integrity? You suspect---"
"Indeed I do not; yet in a case of such importance, what ought to guide
me but my own reason, my own conscience, my own sense of right? Pain me
not, therefore, with reproaches, distress me no more with entreaties,
when I solemnly declare that no earthly consideration shall ever
again make me promise you my hand, while the terror of Mrs Delvile's
displeasure has possession of my heart. And now adieu."
"You give me, then, up?"
"Be patient, I beseech you; and attempt not to follow me; 'tis a step I
cannot permit."
"Not follow you? And who has power to prevent me?"
"_I_ have, Sir, if to incur my endless resentment is of any consequence
to you."
She then, with an air of determined steadiness, moved on; Mrs Charlton,
assisted by the servants, being already upon the stairs.
"O tyranny!" cried he, "what submission is it you exact!--May I not even
enquire into the dreadful mystery of this morning?"
"Yes, certainly."
"And may I not acquaint you with it, should it be discovered?"
"I shall not be sorry to hear it. Adieu."
She was now half way down the stairs; when, losing all forbearance, he
hastily flew after her, and endeavouring to stop her, called out, "If
you do not hate and detest me,--if I am not loathsome and abhorrent to
you, O quit me not thus insensibly!--Cecilia! my beloved Cecilia!--speak
to me, at least, one word of less severity! Look at me once more, and
tell me we part not for-ever!"
Cecilia then turned round, and while a starting tear shewed her
sympathetic distress, said, "Why will you thus oppress me with
entreaties I ought not to gratify?--Have I not accompanied you to the
altar,--and can you doubt what I have thought of you?"
"_Have_ thought?--Oh Cecilia!--is it then all over?"
"Pray suffer me to go quietly, and fear not I shall go too happily!
Suppress your own feelings, rather than seek to awaken mine. Alas! there
is little occasion!--Oh Mr Delvile! were our connection opposed by no
duty, and repugnant to no friends, were it attended by no impropriety,
and carried on with no necessity of disguise,--you would not thus charge
me with indifference, you would not suspect me of insensibility,--Oh no!
the choice of my heart would then be its glory, and all I now blush to
feel, I should openly and with pride acknowledge!"
She then hurried to the chaise, Delvile pursuing her with thanks and
blessings, and gratefully assuring her, as he handed her into it, that
he would obey all her injunctions, and not even attempt to see her,
till he could bring her some intelligence concerning the morning's
transaction.
The chaise then drove off.
CHAPTER iii.
A CONSTERNATION.
The journey was melancholy and tedious: Mrs Charlton, extremely fatigued
by the unusual hurry and exercise both of mind and body which she had
lately gone through, was obliged to travel very slowly, and to lie upon
the road. Cecilia, however, was in no haste to proceed: she was going to
no one she wished to see, she was wholly without expectation of meeting
with any thing that could give her pleasure. The unfortunate expedition
in which she had been engaged, left her now nothing but regret, and only
promised her in future sorrow and mortification.
Mrs Charlton, after her return home, still continued ill, and Cecilia,
who constantly attended her, had the additional affliction of imputing
her indisposition to herself. Every thing she thought conspired to
punish the error she had committed; her proceedings were discovered,
though her motives were unknown; the Delvile family could not fail to
hear of her enterprize, and while they attributed it to her temerity,
they would exult in its failure: but chiefly hung upon her mind the
unaccountable prohibition of her marriage. Whence that could proceed
she was wholly without ability to divine, yet her surmizes were not more
fruitless than various. At one moment she imagined it some frolic of
Morrice, at another some perfidy of Monckton, and at another an idle
and unmeaning trick of some stranger to them all. But none of these
suppositions carried with them any air of probability; Morrice, even if
he had watched their motions and pursued them to the church, which his
inquisitive impertinence made by no means impossible, could yet hardly
have either time or opportunity to engage any woman in so extraordinary
an undertaking; Mr Monckton, however averse to the connection, she
considered as a man of too much honour to break it off in a manner so
alarming and disgraceful; and mischief so wanton in any stranger, seemed
to require a share of unfeeling effrontery, which could fall to the lot
of so few as to make this suggestion unnatural and incredible.
Sometimes she imagined that Delvile might formerly have been affianced
to some woman, who having accidentally discovered his intentions,
took this desperate method of rendering them abortive: but this was a
short-lived thought, and speedily gave way to her esteem for his general
character, and her confidence in the firmness of his probity.
All, therefore, was dark and mysterious; conjecture was baffled, and
meditation was useless. Her opinions were unfixed, and her heart was
miserable; she could only be steady in believing Delvile as unhappy as
herself, and only find consolation in believing him, also, as blameless.
Three days passed thus, without incident or intelligence; her time
wholly occupied in attending Mrs Charlton; her thoughts all engrossed
upon her own situation: but upon the fourth day she was informed that a
lady was in the parlour, who desired to speak with her.
She presently went down stairs,--and, upon entering the room, perceived
Mrs Delvile!
Seized with astonishment and fear, she stopt short, and, looking aghast,
held by the door, robbed of all power to receive so unexpected and
unwelcome a visitor, by an internal sensation of guilt, mingled with a
dread of discovery and reproach.
Mrs Delvile, addressing her with the coldest politeness, said, "I fear
I have surprised you; I am sorry I had not time to acquaint you of my
intention to wait upon you."
Cecilia then, moving from the door, faintly answered, "I cannot, madam,
but be honoured by your notice, whenever you are pleased to confer it."
They then sat down; Mrs Delvile preserving an air the most formal and
distant, and Cecilia half sinking with apprehensive dismay.
After a short and ill-boding silence, "I mean not," said Mrs Delvile,
"to embarrass or distress you; I will not, therefore, keep you in
suspense of the purport of my visit. I come not to make enquiries,
I come not to put your sincerity to any trial, nor to torture your
delicacy; I dispense with all explanation, for I have not one doubt to
solve: I _know_ what has passed, I _know_ that my son loves you."
Not all her secret alarm, nor all the perturbation of her fears, had
taught Cecilia to expect so direct an attack, nor enabled her to bear
the shock of it with any composure: she could not speak, she could
not look at Mrs Delvile; she arose, and walked to the window, without
knowing what she was doing.
Here, however, her distress was not likely to diminish; for the first
sight she saw was Fidel, who barked, and jumped up at the window to lick
her hands.
"Good God! Fidel here!" exclaimed Mrs Delvile, amazed.
Cecilia, | 1,408.09981 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.1092930 | 1,230 | 36 |
Produced by Keith Edkins and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
A caret character is used to denote superscription: a bracketed group
following the caret is superscripted (example: ^{16 88} - these are page
number references in the original). Page numbers enclosed by curly braces
(example: {25}) have been incorporated to facilitate the use of these
references and the Index.
* * * * *
THE NEW YORK OBELISK
Cleopatra's Needle
_WITH A PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF THE HISTORY
ERECTION, USES, AND SIGNIFICATION
OF OBELISKS_
BY
CHARLES E. MOLDENKE, A.M., PH.D.
NEW YORK
ANSON D. F. RANDOLPH AND CO.
38 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET
1891
_Copyright_, 1891,
BY CHARLES E. MOLDENKE.
University Press:
PRESSWORK BY
JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE.
{iii}TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Chapter I. Obelisks--where found, and when, and by whom
erected. 1-11
§1. The present site of obelisks. 1-5.
§2. By whom obelisks were erected. 5-7.
§3. By whom obelisks were ransported. 7-8.
§4. List of obelisks. 8-11.
I. Erect Obelisks. 9-10. II. Prostrate Obelisks. 10-11.
Chapter II. The quarrying, transporting, and raising of obelisks. 12-17
§1. How obelisks were quarried. 12-15.
§2. How obelisks were transported. 15-17.
§3. How obelisks were raised. 17.
Chapter III. The form, name, dimensions, invention, material,
and use of obelisks. 18-25
§1. The form of the obelisk and the pyramidion. 18-21.
§2. The derivation of the name "obelisk". 21-22.
§3. The dimensions of obelisks. 22-23.
§4. The material of obelisks. 23-24.
§5. The invention of obelisks and the use they were put to.
24-25.
Chapter IV. The signification of the obelisk and the worship
of the sun. 26-34
Chapter V. The history of the New York Obelisk, and its removal
from Alexandria. 35-45
§1. History of the New York Obelisk. 35-40.
§2. The removal of the obelisk to New York City. 40-45.
Chapter VI. The inscriptions of the New York Obelisk. 46-78
I. Inscriptions of Thothmes III. 46-61.
The Pyramidion. 46-55. The Obelisk Proper. 56-61.
II. Inscriptions of Ramses II. 62-71. {iv}
Vertical columns. 62-70. The base. 71.
III. Inscriptions of Osarkon I. 71-72.
IV. Inscriptions of Augustus. 72-74.
The full translation of the obelisk. 74-78.
Chapter VII. Notes on the translation and the crabs. 79-83
§1. Arabic and other translations of the New York Obelisk.
79-81.
§2. The crabs of the obelisk and the inscriptions on them.
81-83.
Chapter VIII. Egypt: its geographical divisions and its cities. 84-92
Upper Egypt. 84-90.
Lower Egypt. 90-92.
A Glossary of names and terms occurring in this book and
pertaining to Egyptological subjects. 93-154
List of the Egyptian dynasties. 108-111.
The Coptic alphabet. 113.
The Demotic alphabet. 116.
The Hieratic alphabet. 124.
A Glossary of hieroglyphs occurring in this book, together
with their pronunciation and determinative value. 155-173
A Glossary of the Egyptian words occurring on the New York
Obelisk. 174-190
Index of Proper Names. 191-202
{v}EXPLANATION OF THE VIGNETTES AT THE HEAD OF THE CHAPTERS.
CHAPTER I. (Page 1.) The goddess of victory in the form of a vulture
holding a flabellum or fan of feathers and a signet-ring in each claw.
CHAPTER II. (Page 12.) The goddess Nekheb, the tutelary deity of kings,
represented as a vulture carrying the Atef-crown on its head and holding
a flabellum or fan of feathers and a signet-ring in each claw.
CHAPTER III. (Page 18.) The winged Uræus-snake or cobra, the tutelary
goddess of Upper and Lower Egypt.
CHAPTER IV. (Page 26.) The symbol of the god Horus | 1,408.129333 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.1259080 | 238 | 65 |
Produced by Julio Reis and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:
This work has no errata. The following typos were corrected:
* p. 82: chesnuts -> chestnuts
In this text-only version, italic was marked with _, and text in
small capitals was converted to uppercase.
[Illustration: Cover]
Olive Leaves
[Illustration: The Indian Chief.--_P._ 229.]
OLIVE LEAVES.
OR,
SKETCHES OF CHARACTER.
BY
MRS. L. H. SIGOURNEY.
GALL & INGLIS.
London:
25 PATERNOSTER SQUARE.
Edinburgh:
20 BERNARD TERRACE.
PREFACE.
An Olive Leaf was the first gift of the Earth after the Flood, to the
sole survivors of a buried race. It was borne by the Dove, spreading a
timid wing over the surging waters, so lately without a shore.
The plant thus honoured, as the love | 1,408.145948 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.6255490 | 3,745 | 17 |
Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive/American
Libraries.)
THE ORIENTAL RUG
[Illustration:
PLATE I.
ANTIQUE LADIK
_Prayer Rug_
FROM THE COLLECTION OF MR. GEORGE H. ELLWANGER
Size: 3.10 x 6]
THE ORIENTAL RUG
A MONOGRAPH ON
EASTERN RUGS AND CARPETS,
SADDLE-BAGS, MATS & PILLOWS.
WITH A CONSIDERATION OF KINDS
AND CLASSES, TYPES, BORDERS,
FIGURES, DYES, SYMBOLS ETC.
TOGETHER WITH SOME PRACTICAL
ADVICE TO COLLECTORS.
BY W. D. ELLWANGER
Author of
"A Summer Snowflake"
NEW YORK:
DODD, MEAD & COMPANY.
1909
_Copyright, 1903_
BY DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY
Published September, 1903
PREFACE
That Oriental rugs are works of art in the highest sense of the term, and
that fine antique specimens, of even modest size, have a financial value
of ten, fifteen, or thirty-eight thousand dollars, has been recently
determined at public auction. At this auction, several nations had a
representative voice in the bidding, and the standard of price was fairly
established. The value of rugs may have been imaginary and sentimental
heretofore; it is now a definite fact, with figures apparently at the
minimum. What the maximum may prove, remains to be seen.
Choice old rugs, therefore, to-day come into the same class with genuine
paintings of the old Dutch School; with canvases of Teniers, Ruysdael,
Cuyp, Ostade, or whatever similar artist's work may have escaped the
museums. They vie in prestige with the finest examples of Corot, Diaz,
Troyon, or Daubigny; and in monetary supremacy they overtop the rarest and
grandest of Chinese porcelains.
And yet the Oriental rug, as against such competitors for the wealthy
collectors' favour, has hardly a history, and is practically without a
name or a pedigree. Experts will tell you at a glance whether or not your
Wouverman is genuine, or inform you where every true Corot was owned or
whence it was bartered or stolen. In Chinese porcelains, the knowing
dealer will easily prove to you not only under what dynasty but in what
decade or year a particular piece was produced.
The painting has descent, signature, or the brush mark of a school to
father it. The Chinese vase, bowl, or jar has its marks, cyphers, stamps
and dates, and an undoubted genealogy to vouch for its authenticity. The
rug must speak for itself and go upon its intrinsic merits. It is its own
guarantee and certificate of artistic and financial value.
The study of Oriental rugs, therefore, can never lead to an exact science
or approximate dogmatic knowledge. Whoever is interested in them must
needs rely upon his personal judgment or the seller's advice. There is
practically only one current book authority in the premises.
A new volume on the subject would thus seem to be well justified. It is
the hope of the author that this book may prove itself sound and
practical, and that it may help to make more clear and simple the right
appreciation of a valuable rug.
W. D. ELLWANGER
ROCHESTER, N.Y., 1903
CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. THE MYSTERY OF THE RUG 3
II. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION 13
III. OF THE MAKING, AND OF DESIGNS, BORDERS, ETC. 21
IV. OF THE DYEING 35
V. OF PERSIAN RUGS, SPECIFICALLY 43
VI. CAUCASIAN RUGS, DAGHESTAN AND RUSSIAN TYPES 61
VII. OF TURKISH VARIETIES 69
VIII. TURKOMAN OR TURKESTAN RUGS 79
IX. OF ORIENTAL CARPETS, SADDLE-BAGS, PILLOWS, ETC. 93
X. AUCTIONS, AUCTIONEERS, AND DEALERS 107
XI. INSCRIPTIONS AND DATES 121
XII. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS AND PARTICULAR ADVICE 131
LIST OF PLATES
PLATE
I. LADIK _Frontispiece_
II. KONIAH _Facing page_ 22
III. KAZAK " " 36
IV. SEHNA " " 44
V. CHICHI " " 50
VI. KABISTAN " " 62
VII. GHEORDEZ " " 70
VIII. KOULAH " " 72
IX. MELEZ " " 74
X. BELUCHISTAN " " 80
XI. ANATOLIAN PILLOWS " " 94
XII. BERGAMA " " 124
The Oriental Rug
CHAPTER I
THE MYSTERY OF THE RUG
To judge of an Oriental rug rightly, it must be looked at from several
points of view, or, at least, from two aspects; against the light and with
the light. From the first standpoint, against the light of knowledge,
speaking figuratively, there may be seen only a number of rude and awkward
figures in crude colours scattered erratically on a dark or dingy-looking
background, a fringe of coarse and ragged strings at either end, and rough
frays of yarn at the sides. This is what is accepted by many people as an
Oriental rug. And indeed this is what most rugs are.
If, on the other hand, we view our rugs with the light of a better wisdom
and happier experience, we will see the richest and softest of colours,
the most harmonious shadings and blendings, medallions brilliant as
jewels, or geometrical designs beautiful as the rose windows of a
cathedral; or, again, graceful combinations of charmingly conventionalized
flowers and delicate traceries and arabesques,--all these displaying new
glories of ever changing and never tiring beauty. Each woven picture, too,
is as soft to tread upon as a closely mown lawn, and caresses the feet
that sink into its pile. These are Oriental rugs as their admirers know
and love them.
Perhaps the chief charm of all such beautiful rugs is in their mystery.
Their designs are odd and strange and full of hidden meanings, and their
effects are often evolved from the crudest and clumsiest figures, hooks
and squares and angles; they owe their wealth of colour to simple
vegetable dyes from the woods and fields and gardens, and yet the secret
of many of these dyes is still a secret, or has long ago been lost. The
places whence the rugs come, the people who make them and those who sell
them, all are mysterious and hard to know and understand.
Moreover, broadly speaking, there are no experts on the subject, no
authorities, no literature. He who would know them must learn them by
experience. The rug dealers, for the most part, seem to treat their wares
merely as so much merchandise, and what knowledge concerning them they are
willing to impart is so contradictory as to be almost valueless. Few of
them would agree upon the name of an example which might be out of the
ordinary, or be able to tell where it was made. Ask of them what a "Mecca"
is, and they will stammer in their varying answers. And yet the Armenians
who handle most of the rugs in this country are often highly educated, and
fully appreciate the beauty of their wares. Their taste, however, is not
always our taste, and all the Orientalists seem to retain their barbaric
fondness for crude and startling colours. When we would turn to books for
information in the matter we find that the authorities are not many. They
might be numbered on your fingers and thumbs. These few books, moreover,
have been published only in limited editions at high prices, and are not
easily obtainable. One of the most important of such works is the
sumptuously illustrated, elephantine folio, issued in Vienna in 1892 by
the Imperial and Royal Austrian and Commercial Museum. And, elaborate as
this authority is, the modest editor, by way of apology, says in the
preface that "no pretensions are made toward perfection owing to the
little information that we can fall back upon." A recent authority on the
subject is John Kimberly Mumford, and his volume on Oriental Rugs,
published in 1900, has thrown much light on the subject. Too great praise
cannot be given to this work and to his later studies in the same field.
Still, no one knows it all, and the mystery of Oriental rugs only deepens
as we try to learn. The little that any one may really know of them
through experience, through questioning and elusive answers, through
conversations with obliging and polite vendors, and through foreign travel
even, is, when all is said, only a patchwork of knowledge. Consider how
stupendous and hopeless would be the task of one who would dare endeavour
to analyze, criticise, classify, and co-ordinate the paintings of the past
five centuries, were no names signed to them or no appreciable number of
pictures painted by the same known artist.
He who would write of rugs has a like condition to face.
And alas! also, whoever would write on this subject must now treat of it
principally as history. The characteristic rugs, the antique rugs, the
rare specimens, are seldom to be bought. They are in museums, or in the
hands of collectors who hold them in even a tighter fist.
Twenty years ago the warning was given that the choice old rugs were
growing scarce; the years following found fewer still upon the market. Two
or three years ago one of the largest wholesale houses in New York,
carrying a stock of half a million or a million dollars, had no antiques
to show. In the autumn of 1902, another large New York importer who had
just returned from Persia, Tiflis, and Constantinople admitted that he had
not brought back one valuable antique piece.
Nevertheless, the true enthusiast need not be discouraged. From wandering
dealers, in odd corners, at the unexpected or by chance, one may happen on
a choice specimen.
The very word "Persian" is a synonym for opulence, splendour,
gorgeousness; and "Oriental" means beauty and wonder and the magic of the
"Arabian Nights." From the Aladdin's cave of the mystical East, therefore,
we may still hope to gather treasure and spoil.
CHAPTER II
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
Most of the rugs of commerce in this country come from Persia, Turkey,
Asia Minor, Turkestan, the southern part of Russia, Afghanistan, and
Beluchistan; a few also from India. The rugs are named from the provinces
or cities where they are woven, and to the uninitiated, the names seem to
have been as fearfully and wonderfully made as the rugs themselves. They
are spelled one way on the maps and every other way in catalogues and
advertisements. In enumerating the most familiar ones it may be well to
write their names as nearly phonetically and conventionally as possible. A
few rugs have trade appellations only, without regard to topography; and,
often, unknown towns are called into requisition for fanciful titles to
please the purchaser.
Of course the names of rugs may mean nothing to your man-of-all-work,
whose duty it is to chastise them upon the lawn. But there is poetry in
the names of the roses, and you cannot half enjoy their beauty unless you
know a Mabel Morrison from the Baroness Rothschild; Cecile Brunner from
the Earl of Dufferin; or can give the proper rank and title to Captain
Christy, General Jacqueminot, and Marechal Niel. And who would dare to
talk of laces that could not give a French or Dutch or Irish name to them?
Or, when painted pictures instead of woven ones were under discussion, who
would venture to admit that he had heard for the first time the names of
some of the Old Masters, or did not know any of the Flemish School, or
could not at least touch his hat to a Gainsborough or a Romney? There were
"old masters" in wool as well as on canvas, as the Gheordez rugs most
particularly prove, and though the artists' signatures are missing or
meaningless, their classification is important. Once learned, and then
difficult to remember withal, rugs answer to their names like old and
familiar friends. If Homer catalogued the ships, surely the masterpieces
of the Eastern loom are worthy of brief nomenclature.
The Persians come first, and perhaps in the following order of excellence:
Kirman, Sehna, Kurdistan, Khorassan, Serabend, Youraghan, Joshghan
(Tjoshghan), Feraghan, Shiraz, Gulistan, Mousul, etc. The rug dealers
frequently speak of a "Persian Iran," but as Iran is the native expression
for Persia, the name is as tautological as are the dealer's laudatory
adjectives. So far as the term "Iran" can be differentiated, it is now
applied with some propriety to rare old Persian rugs of fine weave only,
whose proper name may be in doubt.
Among the Turkish rugs, which are mainly those from Asia Minor, the
Yourdez (or Gheordez), the Koulahs, Koniahs, and Ladiks are by far the
finest, and then come the Bergamas, vying often for like high honour, the
Melez, and many others which are vaguely classed as Anatolians.
From Turkestan come the numerous Bokharas and the more uncommon
Samarkands; from Afghanistan, the Afghans and the Khiva, and
Yamoud-Bokharas. But the two rugs last named seem to have a doubtful
paternity, and should perhaps be classed with the other Bokharas.
Beluchistan sends but one type, which is generally unmistakable, although
Afghans, Bokharas, and Beluchistans all have a family likeness.
To Caucasia in Russia are credited the Kabistans, Shirvans, Chichis
(Tzi-tzis), Darbends, Karabaghs, Kazaks, and Gengias, also the Soumacs, or
so-called Cashmeres. The first four of these are somewhat similar in
character, and not many years ago were generally sold in this country
under the indiscriminate title of Daghestans. We are more specific in our
knowledge now, and can classify and differentiate an old Baku rug, or a
Kuba, which is a Kubistan, and therefore what we used to call an antique
Kabistan.
India provides us only with some fine large carpets mostly of modern make,
and also with many imitations of Persian rugs, made in part by machinery
like the current substitute for a Turkish towel.
CHAPTER III
OF THE MAKING, & OF DESIGNS, BORDERS, ETC.
[Illustration]
[Illustration: _"Serabend" Border_]
In order to appreciate the beauty of rugs, it is well to remember how they
are made, and with what infinite patience the bits of wool are knotted
onto the warp one after another, knot upon knot and tie after tie, until
the perfect piece is finished. Yet, no! Finished it may be, but never
perfect. Deliberately, if necessary, it must show some defect, in proof
that Allah alone is perfect. Such at least is the poetical version of a
crooked rug as the seller tells it. Yet never was a vendor but will
expatiate fluently on the merits of a rug which lies true and straight
and flat upon the floor, as a good rug should. It is a common sight
nowadays in shop windows to see some wandering artisan plying his trade
for the edification of the passer-by. In his own home it is generally a
woman who does the weaving, and very commonly the whole family take part
in it. More often still the rugs were woven by an Oriental maid for her
prospective dowry, and the practice yet obtains. A specimen of her
handicraft in textile art was a bride's portion and marriage gift; it was
considered as essential to the proceedings as the modern _trousseau_. This
offering was | 1,408.645589 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.7422390 | 1,910 | 6 |
Produced by Jo Churcher. HTML version by Al Haines.
GREENMANTLE
by
JOHN BUCHAN
To
Caroline Grosvenor
During the past year, in the intervals of an active life, I have amused
myself with constructing this tale. It has been scribbled in every
kind of odd place and moment--in England and abroad, during long
journeys, in half-hours between graver tasks; and it bears, I fear, the
mark of its gipsy begetting. But it has amused me to write, and I
shall be well repaid if it amuses you--and a few others--to read.
Let no man or woman call its events improbable. The war has driven
that word from our vocabulary, and melodrama has become the prosiest
realism. Things unimagined before happen daily to our friends by sea
and land. The one chance in a thousand is habitually taken, and as
often as not succeeds. Coincidence, like some new Briareus, stretches
a hundred long arms hourly across the earth. Some day, when the full
history is written--sober history with ample documents--the poor
romancer will give up business and fall to reading Miss Austen in a
hermitage.
The characters of the tale, if you think hard, you will recall. Sandy
you know well. That great spirit was last heard of at Basra, where he
occupies the post that once was Harry Bullivant's. Richard Hannay is
where he longed to be, commanding his battalion on the ugliest bit of
front in the West. Mr John S. Blenkiron, full of honour and wholly
cured of dyspepsia, has returned to the States, after vainly
endeavouring to take Peter with him. As for Peter, he has attained the
height of his ambition. He has shaved his beard and joined the Flying
Corps.
CONTENTS
1. A Mission is Proposed
2. The Gathering of the Missionaries
3. Peter Pienaar
4. Adventures of Two Dutchmen on the Loose
5. Further Adventures of the Same
6. The Indiscretions of the Same
7. Christmas Eve
8. The Essen Barges
9. The Return of the Straggler
10. The Garden-House of Suliman the Red
11. The Companions of the Rosy Hours
12. Four Missionaries See Light in Their Mission
13. I Move in Good Society
14. The Lady of the Mantilla
15. An Embarrassed Toilet
16. The Battered Caravanserai
17. Trouble By the Waters of Babylon
18. Sparrows on the Housetops
19. Greenmantle
20. Peter Pienaar Goes to the Wars
21. The Little Hill
22. The Guns of the North
CHAPTER ONE
A Mission is Proposed
I had just finished breakfast and was filling my pipe when I got
Bullivant's telegram. It was at Furling, the big country house in
Hampshire where I had come to convalesce after Loos, and Sandy, who was
in the same case, was hunting for the marmalade. I flung him the
flimsy with the blue strip pasted down on it, and he whistled.
'Hullo, Dick, you've got the battalion. Or maybe it's a staff billet.
You'll be a blighted brass-hat, coming it heavy over the hard-working
regimental officer. And to think of the language you've wasted on
brass-hats in your time!'
I sat and thought for a bit, for the name 'Bullivant' carried me back
eighteen months to the hot summer before the war. I had not seen the
man since, though I had read about him in the papers. For more than a
year I had been a busy battalion officer, with no other thought than to
hammer a lot of raw stuff into good soldiers. I had succeeded pretty
well, and there was no prouder man on earth than Richard Hannay when he
took his Lennox Highlanders over the parapets on that glorious and
bloody 25th day of September. Loos was no picnic, and we had had some
ugly bits of scrapping before that, but the worst bit of the campaign I
had seen was a tea-party to the show I had been in with Bullivant
before the war started. [Major Hannay's narrative of this affair has
been published under the title of _The Thirty-nine Steps_.]
The sight of his name on a telegram form seemed to change all my
outlook on life. I had been hoping for the command of the battalion,
and looking forward to being in at the finish with Brother Boche. But
this message jerked my thoughts on to a new road. There might be other
things in the war than straightforward fighting. Why on earth should
the Foreign Office want to see an obscure Major of the New Army, and
want to see him in double-quick time?
'I'm going up to town by the ten train,' I announced; 'I'll be back in
time for dinner.'
'Try my tailor,' said Sandy. 'He's got a very nice taste in red tabs.
You can use my name.'
An idea struck me. 'You're pretty well all right now. If I wire for
you, will you pack your own kit and mine and join me?'
'Right-o! I'll accept a job on your staff if they give you a corps. If
so be as you come down tonight, be a good chap and bring a barrel of
oysters from Sweeting's.'
I travelled up to London in a regular November drizzle, which cleared
up about Wimbledon to watery sunshine. I never could stand London
during the war. It seemed to have lost its bearings and broken out
into all manner of badges and uniforms which did not fit in with my
notion of it. One felt the war more in its streets than in the field,
or rather one felt the confusion of war without feeling the purpose. I
dare say it was all right; but since August 1914 I never spent a day in
town without coming home depressed to my boots.
I took a taxi and drove straight to the Foreign Office. Sir Walter did
not keep me waiting long. But when his secretary took me to his room I
would not have recognized the man I had known eighteen months before.
His big frame seemed to have dropped flesh and there was a stoop in the
square shoulders. His face had lost its rosiness and was red in
patches, like that of a man who gets too little fresh air. His hair
was much greyer and very thin about the temples, and there were lines
of overwork below the eyes. But the eyes were the same as before, keen
and kindly and shrewd, and there was no change in the firm set of the
jaw.
'We must on no account be disturbed for the next hour,' he told his
secretary. When the young man had gone he went across to both doors
and turned the keys in them.
'Well, Major Hannay,' he said, flinging himself into a chair beside the
fire. 'How do you like soldiering?'
'Right enough,' I said, 'though this isn't just the kind of war I would
have picked myself. It's a comfortless, bloody business. But we've
got the measure of the old Boche now, and it's dogged as does it. I
count on getting back to the front in a week or two.'
'Will you get the battalion?' he asked. He seemed to have followed my
doings pretty closely.
'I believe I've a good chance. I'm not in this show for honour and
glory, though. I want to do the best I can, but I wish to heaven it
was over. All I think of is coming out of it with a whole skin.'
He laughed. 'You do yourself an injustice. What about the forward
observation post at the Lone Tree? You forgot about the whole skin
then.'
I felt myself getting red. 'That was all rot,' I said, 'and I can't
think who told you about it. I hated the job, but I had to do it to
prevent my subalterns going to glory. They were a lot of fire-eating
young lunatics. | 1,408.762279 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.8488130 | 4,037 | 14 |
Produced by Alyssia Turner and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
Transcriber's Note: Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
[Illustration: A. J. VAUGHAN.]
PERSONAL RECORD
OF THE
THIRTEENTH REGIMENT,
TENNESSEE INFANTRY.
[Illustration]
BY
ITS OLD COMMANDER.
Price, 75 cents.
PRESS OF S. C. TOOF & CO.
MEMPHIS.
1897.
MOST AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED
TO THE
NOBLE MOTHERS AND WIVES
OF THE
TRUE AND HEROIC MEN WHO FOR FOUR YEARS
FOLLOWED THE CONFEDERATE FLAG,
AND WHO WERE WILLING TO LAY DOWN THEIR
LIVES IN DEFENSE OF THAT CAUSE THEY
BELIEVED RIGHT AND JUST.
A. J. VAUGHAN.
PREFACE.
_MY OLD COMRADES_:
In writing out this record I have gone back to the morning time of my
own life, and lived once more in that other day that not only tried,
but proved men's souls. Insignificant as my work may appear as a
literary production, it carries with it the most sacred memories of
the past. In writing, I have lived over again the days when the boom
of cannon, the rattle of musketry and the old rebel yell were familiar
sounds to our ears. If a shade of mournfulness hovers over the failure
of the cause for which these brave men fought and many fell, it is
not a mournfulness born of regret. When we who wore the gray put away
forever the musket and sword--and let me say, my comrades, swords and
muskets that had been bravely borne--we did so in sorrow but not in
malice or hate. And today, I am sure, where one of the old regiment
lingers yet a little while this side of the dark river, he accepts in
good faith the terms of his parole, and is a peaceful and faithful
citizen of the United States; not only faithful, but as loyal to the
stars and stripes as we were once to that other flag which we followed
for four long years, and which was woven from an honest belief of a
people's need.
Now, to my old comrades, whether in flesh or spirit, to whom this
little compilation has carried me back with such tremendous force, and
to keep alive whose fair fame I have written, I can only say as my last
words--God bless you!
A. J. VAUGHAN.
The Thirteenth Regiment,
TENNESSEE INFANTRY.
This was one of the regiments that made Cheatham's Division, and
Smith's-Vaughan's and Gordon's Brigades so famous in the Army
of Tennessee. It was organized and mustered into service on the
third day of June, 1861, in answer to a call of Governor Isham G.
Harris for seventy-five thousand volunteers. At that time it was
the seventh infantry regiment organized in West Tennessee and the
thirteenth in the State. It was made up of the "flower of the South"
young men, most of whom were fresh from the best institutions of
learning--aspiring, hopeful and ambitious--sons of men of education,
wealth and influence--the very best material for volunteer service. It
was composed of ten full companies--five from Fayette county, one from
Shelby, one from Dyer, one from McNairy, one from Gibson, and one from
Henderson, and were as follow:
Company A, Fayette Rifles, Captain William Burton of Somerville, Tenn.
Company B, Macon Grays, Captain J. L. Granberry, Macon, Tenn.
Company C, Secession Guards, organized at Germantown, Tenn., and
composed of Mississippians and Tennesseeans, Captain John H. Morgan,
Horn Lake, Miss.
Company D, Yorkville Rifles, Captain John Wilkins, Yorkville, Tenn.
Company E, Dixie Rifles, organized at Moscow, Tenn., and composed
of Tennesseeans and Mississippians, Captain A. J. Vaughan, Marshall
county, Miss.
Company F, Wright Boys, Captain Jno. V. Wright, Purdy, McNairy county,
Tenn.
Company G, Gaines Invincibles, Captain W. E. Winfield, LaGrange, Tenn.
Company H, Yancey Rifles, Captain Robert W. Pittman, Hickory Withe,
Tenn.
Company I, Forked Deer Volunteers, Captain G. S. Ross, Forked Deer,
Tenn.
Company K, Dyer Grays, Captain S. R. Latta, Dyersburg, Tenn.
On the following day, the 4th of June, the election of field officers
was held, and resulted in the election of Captain Jno. V. Wright
of Company F as Colonel, Captain A. J. Vaughan of Company E as
Lieutenant-Colonel, and Captain W. E. Winfield of Company G as Major.
The regiment was ordered at once by way of Memphis to Randolph, on
the Mississippi river, when the organization was completed by the
appointment of Lieutenant W. E. Morgan, Company C, Adjutant; Dr. J. A.
Forbes, Company E, Surgeon; Dr. B. F. Dickerson, Company I, Assistant
Surgeon; W. E. Dyer, Company G, Commissary; L. B. Cabler, Company A,
Regimental Quartermaster; Peter Cole, Company H, Sergeant-Major; and W.
D. F. Hafford, Chaplain.
The regiment remained at Randolph engaged in drilling, camp duty,
etc., until July 26th, when it was ordered to New Madrid, Mo., and
placed in a brigade under command of Colonel J. P. McCown, who, under
orders from General Gid. J. Pillow, was about to make a campaign into
South-west Missouri to prevent reinforcements being sent to the Federal
General Lyons, then operating in that section.
On the 18th of August, 1861, the troops were moved in the direction of
Benton, Mo., where the Thirteenth Regiment arrived on the 19th. This
was the first campaign or march of the regiment, and though in the
middle of summer during a severe drouth, under a burning sun and over
roads shoe deep in sand and dust, it was cheerfully performed, and
showed an endurance and fortitude rarely witnessed in new troops. The
object of the campaign being accomplished, the command returned to New
Madrid on Sept. 2, and on the following day the regiment was ordered to
Hickman, Ky., where it was placed in Cheatham's Brigade. At Hickman,
on Sept. 4, 1861, the regiment for the first time caught a glimpse of
the "boys in blue" and saw the first "burning of gunpowder," which was
an artillery duel between the Federal gunboats and the Confederate
land batteries; but it was at long range, no damage was done, and the
gunboats were soon withdrawn up the river.
About this time General Leonidas Polk, commanding the Mississippi
Department, determined to occupy Columbus, Ky., and ordered General
B. F. Cheatham to proceed at once to that point, where the Thirteenth
Regiment arrived Sept. 6, 1861, and was among the first, if not the
first, to occupy that important position. Nothing but camp duty,
throwing up heavy fortifications and hard and constant drilling
occurred in the regiment until Nov. 7, when it was reported that the
enemy in heavy force was advancing on Columbus on both sides of the
river. The long roll was sounded and every regiment reported at once
and fell into line on its parade ground. All were excited and anxious
to meet the enemy. Soon it was ascertained that a heavy force had
disembarked from their gunboats above and were moving down to a point
near Belmont, on the opposite side of the river.
The Thirteenth Regiment, under command of Colonel John V. Wright,
having been supplied with ammunition, was ordered at once to cross the
river and take position on the extreme left of our line of battle near
Watson's Battery. Never was a regiment more anxious or more willing
to face an enemy. It was the maiden fight of the regiment and every
man felt that he was "on his mettle." Though our position was an
unfortunate one--in an open field, the enemy being under cover of thick
woods--this regiment met the advance with the steadiness of veterans
and held its position and fought while comrades fell on every side
until the last round of ammunition was exhausted, and the order given
to fall back to the river. By the time the regiment reached the river
reinforcements had crossed from Columbus which engaged the enemy and
checked his further advance. The Thirteenth, obtaining a fresh supply
of ammunition, rallied and again advanced gallantly to the contest,
which had become fierce and obstinate. In a short time the Federals
were driven from their position and fled to their gunboats, hotly
pursued by the Confederates. At their gunboats, such was their haste,
confusion and disorder that they did not attempt to return the fire.
The Federal loss here, as in previous engagements, was heavy.
The loss of the Thirteenth Regiment was heavy; out of one hundred and
fourteen killed and wounded, thirty-four were killed on the field,
among them the very best men of Tennessee. Their names should never be
forgotten, and are as follow:
Company A--A. Middlemus, First Sergeant; A. J. McCully; Mike McCully;
Matthew Rhea, First Lieutenant commanding.
Company B--F. M. Stockinger; W. H. Burnett, Second Corporal.
Company C--Arthur R. Pittman; J. W. Rogers; Robt. F. Dukes, Lieutenant;
J. P. Farrow; J. W. Harris.
Company D--W. H. Parks; W. H. Polk; Jno. H. Shaw; Albert G. Zaracer; B.
M. Dozier.
Company E--S. J. Roberson; Geo. R. Tiller; E. Wales Newby.
Company F--H. H. Barnett; E. H. Hill; John A. Jones, Sr.; C. H.
Middleton.
Company G--P. N. D. Bennett; Jno. Mayo; Jno. C. Penn.
Company H--George Hall; Wm. J. Dunlap.
Company I--C. C. Cawhon; L. F. Hamlet; John G. Nesbit; H. H. Waggoner;
James Hamlet.
Company K--Y. W. Hall; K. A. Parrish; Jas. L. Smith.
J. P. Farrow and Wm. J. Dunlap were the first men in the regiment who
yielded their young lives in battle to the Confederate cause, and were
killed by the first volley of the enemy's fire.
Early in action Colonel John V. Wright was painfully injured in the
knee by the fall of his horse which was shot under him. I, who then
took command of the regiment, had two horses shot under me: the first
at the very commencement of the engagement; the second (which had been
cut out of Watson's Battery after its men had been driven from their
guns) was shot just as I reached the river bank.
Never did men display more heroic courage and deport themselves in
a more soldierlike manner, and while it is impossible in this brief
sketch to refer to all the acts of devotion and fidelity to the
Southern cause performed by the officers and men of this regiment,
Lieutenant Matthew Rhea certainly deserves special mention. As soon as
the regiment took position in line of battle, in command of his company
(A) he was sent to the extreme left of our line with instruction to
extend his line to the river, which he did. By some means the enemy
got in between him and the regiment, thus cutting him off. Though
surrounded he continued to fight, and rather than surrender his sword,
which had been worthily worn by his grandfather, he fell at the hands
of the enemy. A braver, truer or more faithful officer never fought for
any cause.
About this time, if not on the very day of the battle of Belmont,
Colonel John V. Wright was elected to the Confederate Congress, and
resigned his position as Colonel of the regiment. No man ever stood
higher in the estimation of his soldiers or was more beloved by them.
Upon the resignation of Colonel Wright I was unanimously elected
Colonel of the regiment. I was a disciplinarian while on duty of the
strictest school, which for the first months of the war made me very
unpopular with volunteer soldiers, but only one fight was necessary to
satisfy them that an undisciplined army was nothing more than an armed
mob. Adjutant W. E. Morgan was now elected Lieutenant-Colonel, and
Lieutenant Richard M. Harwell of Company E was appointed Adjutant.
After the battle of Belmont and while at Columbus, Ky., the measles
broke out in the regiment, and it was a matter of surprise that there
should be so many grown men who had never had the measles. So many were
down at one time that there were scarcely enough well ones to wait on
the sick, and many died.
Early in the spring it became necessary to move our lines further
south, and Columbus was evacuated March 12, 1862. The Thirteenth was
ordered to Union City, and four days later to Corinth, Miss., where it
arrived March 19, 1862. Before leaving Columbus, however, there had
been some changes made in the command. General B. F. Cheatham had been
promoted to a division commander, and the Thirteenth was assigned to
Colonel R. M. Russell's Brigade, General Chas. Clark's Division. In
this brigade and division the regiment remained until after the battle
of Shiloh.
About this time the enemy was known to be landing and concentrating
a large force at Pittsburg Landing, on the Tennessee river. It was
determined by Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, who had been placed in
command, to give battle; so on the 3rd of April, 1862, the regiment,
with the whole army, was moved toward the point of attack, but heavy
rains and bad roads prevented forming line of battle until the evening
of the 5th of April. That night a council of war was held, and though
some officers were opposed, an attack was determined upon.
On the morning of the 6th, just as the sun in all its splendor was
rising above the horizon, and while in the second line of battle,
General Clark rode up to us and stated that Marks' Louisiana Regiment
had been repulsed, and asked, "Can you take that battery yonder, which
is annoying our troops so much?" Having such unlimited confidence in
the Thirteenth, I replied, "We can take it." Whereupon the regiment
was moved by the right flank, under cover of a hill, until in proper
position, and then fronted the battery and advanced rapidly up the
hill. All was well until the crest of the hill was reached, when the
enemy opened fire with canister, grape and musketry, which was so
severe that it literally tore the regiment in two. But, though, for
a moment checked, nothing daunted, our officers and men gallantly
stood their ground, and poured into the ranks of the enemy such deadly
volleys as to cause them to waver, and then with the "rebel yell"
rushed so impetuously upon them that they could no longer stand,
precipitately fleeing and leaving battery and dead and wounded on the
field.
This was indeed a brilliant charge, and only equaled on that
battlefield by the charge made shortly afterward by that magnificent
regiment, the Fourth Tennessee. But the loss to the regiment was
terrible; some of Tennessee's best blood was shed here, and many a
noble spirit sank to rise no more.
The balance of the day the regiment, though not actively engaged, was
for the most time under heavy fire in changing and shifting positions
and in supporting and relieving other troops. It was present and
assisted in capturing Gen. Lew Wallace[A] and his brigade late in
the evening on the bank of the Tennessee river, to which point we
had driven the enemy. Here, because of the steep bluff, the gunboats
could not reach us, and a rain of iron and lead passed over our heads
until late in the night. Under orders the regiment retired from the
river bank and bivouaced for the night in the enemy's camp, rich with
quartermaster's stores, commissary supplies and sutlers' goods.
[Footnote A: By oversight I have printed on page 16 the name LEW
WALLACE. Of course it should have been GEN. PRENTICE.]
Every officer and soldier of the regiment sank to sleep serenaded by
the guns from the river, and supposed that the battle was won and the
victory ours. But how sadly disappointed next morning, when it was
known that Buell had arrived and crossed the river that night with his
whole army, and was drawn up in line with fresh troops to renew the
contest. Though not anticipating such a state of affairs, the regiment
was formed by early dawn and moved forward to meet the enemy as proudly
and defiantly as on the day before. But their batteries, within easy
range and supported by columns of infantry, opened such a terrible fire
of grape and canister that we were forced to retire and seek shelter
beyond the next ridge. By this time the whole Confederate forces
were hotly engaged, and from right to left was one continuous roar
of artillery and musketry. The struggle was terrific, and closer and
harder fighting was never done on any battlefield; and though the enemy
were held at bay from early dawn till nearly noon, it was apparent
that the unequal contest could not be much longer maintained. So the
Confederate forces were gradually withdrawn, and the army returned
to its old camp grounds at Corinth, Miss. No attempt was made by the
enemy to follow. The first day's fight of this battle was the grandest
of the war--less friction | 1,408.868853 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.8634540 | 238 | 13 |
Produced by Charles Bowen from page scans provided by
Google Books (University of Virginia)
Transcriber's Notes:
1. Page scan source: Google Books
https://books.google.com/books?id=hLFEAAAAYAAJ
(University of Virginia)
2. The diphthong oe is represented by [oe].
Mary _of_ Burgundy.
_By_
G. P. R. James
London
George Routledge
and Sons Limited.
MDCCCCIII.
_The Introduction is written by_ Laurie Magnus, M.A.;
_the Title-page is designed by_ Ivor I. J. Symes.
INTRODUCTION.
George Payne Rainsford James, Historiographer Royal to King William
IV., was born in London in the first year of the nineteenth century,
and died at Venice in 1860. His comparatively short life was
exceptionally full and active. He was historian, politician and
traveller, the reputed author of upwards of a hundred novels, the
compiler and editor of nearly half as many volumes of letters,
memoirs, and biographies, a poet and | 1,408.883494 |
2023-11-16 18:40:32.9647120 | 1,157 | 11 |
Produced by Charles Bowen from page scans provided by
Google Books (University of Wisconsin--Madison)
Transcriber's Notes:
1. Page Scan Source: Google Books
https://books.google.com/books?id=f0g2AQAAMAAJ
(University of Wisconsin--Madison)
The Black Patch
By the same Author
THE SILENT HOUSE IN PIMLICO
THE CRIMSON CRYPTOGRAM
THE BISHOP'S SECRET
THE JADE EYE
THE TURNPIKE HOUSE
A TRAITOR IN LONDON
THE GOLDEN WANG-HO
WOMAN THE SPHINX
THE SECRET PASSAGE
THE LONELY CHURCH
THE OPAL SERPENT
THE SILVER BULLET
JOHN LONG, Publisher, London
The Black Patch
By
Fergus Hume
Author of "The Mystery of a Hansom Cab," etc.
London
John Long
13 and 14 Norris Street, Haymarket
[All rights reserved]
First Published in 1906
CONTENTS
CHAP.
1.
IN THE GARDEN OF EDEN.
2.
THE HINTS OF DURBAN.
3.
MR. ALPENNY'S PROPOSAL.
4.
SEEN IN THE LIGHTNING.
5.
MRS. SNOW'S DISCOVERY.
6.
THE INQUEST.
7.
THE INQUEST--continued.
8.
THE WILL.
9.
LADY WATSON.
10.
MRS. LILLY'S STORY.
11.
MAJOR RUCK.
12.
VIVIAN EXPLAINS.
13.
THE EX-BUTLER.
14.
MRS. SNOW'S PAST.
15.
A CURIOUS COINCIDENCE.
16.
AN INTERRUPTION.
17.
A STORY OF THE PAST.
18.
WHAT ORCHARD KNEW.
19.
DURBAN SPEAKS AT LAST.
20.
A GREAT SURPRISE.
21.
LADY WATSON'S STORY.
22.
REVELATION.
23.
NEMESIS.
24.
THE NECKLACE.
25.
WATERLOO.
26.
WHAT TOOK PLACE.
The Black Patch
CHAPTER I
IN THE GARDEN OF EDEN
"Of course he's a wretch, dear; but oh!"--with an ecstatic
expression--"what a nice wretch!"
"I see; you marry the adjective."
"The man, Beatrice, the man. Give me a real man and I ask for nothing
better. But the genuine male is so difficult to find nowadays."
"Really! Then you have been more successful than the majority."
"How sarcastic, how unfriendly! I did look for sympathy."
Beatrice embraced her companion affectionately. "You have it, Dinah. I
give all sympathy and all good wishes to yourself and Jerry. May you be
very happy as Mr. and Mrs. Snow!"
"Oh, we shall, we shall! Jerry would make an undertaker happy!"
"Undertakers generally are--when business is good."
"Oh! you are quite too up-to-date in your talk, Beatrice Hedge."
"That is strange, seeing how I live in a dull country garden like a
snail, or a cabbage."
"Like a wild rose, dear. At least Vivian would say so."
"Mr. Paslow says more than he means," responded Beatrice, blushing
redder than the flower mentioned, "and I dare say Jerry does also."
"No, dear. Jerry hasn't sufficient imagination."
"He ought to have, being a journalist."
"Those are the very people who never imagine anything. They find their
facts on every hedge."
"Is that an unworthy pun on my name?"
"Certainly not, Miss Hedge," said the other with dignity; "Jerry
shan't find anything on you, or in you, save a friend, else I shall
be horribly jealous. As to Vivian, he would murder his future
brother-in-law if he caught him admiring you; and I don't want to begin
my married life with a corpse."
"Naturally. You wisely prefer the marriage service to the burial ditto,
my clever Dinah."
"I'm not clever, and I really don't know how to answer your sharp
speeches, seeing that I am a plain country girl."
"Not plain--oh! not plain. Jerry doesn't think so, I'm sure."
"It's very sweet and flattering of Jerry, but he's mercifully
colour-blind and short-sighted. I am plain, with a pug nose, drab
hair, freckles, and teeny-weeny eyes. You are the reverse, Beatrice,
being all that is lovely--quite a gem."
"Don't tell my father that I am any sort of jewel," remarked Beatrice
dryly, "else he will want to sell me at an impossible price."
Dinah laughed, but did not reply. Her somewhat flighty brain could
not concentrate itself sufficiently to grasp the subtle conversation
of Miss Hedge, so she threw herself back on the mossy stone seat and
stared between half-closed eyelids at the garden. This was necessary,
for the July sunshine blazed down on a mass of colour such as is
rarely seen in sober-hued England. The garden might have been that of
Eden, as delineated by Martin or Doré, from the tropical exuberance
of flower and leaf. But the buildings scattered about this pleasance
| 1,408.984752 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.0633130 | 99 | 11 |
Produced by Mardi Desjardins & the online Distributed
Proofreaders Canada team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net from
page images generously made available by Google Books
GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.
VOL. XXXV. October, 1849. No. 4.
Table of Contents
Fiction, Literature and Other Articles
A Year and a Day
The Engraver’s Daughter
Jasper | 1,409.083353 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.0635470 | 260 | 18 |
Produced by Chris Pinfield, Dave Kline and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
RELIGION AND THE WAR
RELIGION AND THE WAR
BY MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY OF THE
SCHOOL OF RELIGION, YALE UNIVERSITY
EDITED BY
E. HERSHEY SNEATH, PH.D., LL.D.
[Illustration]
NEW HAVEN
YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
MDCCCCXVIII
COPYRIGHT, 1918, BY
YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
PUBLISHED ON THE FOUNDATION
ESTABLISHED IN MEMORY OF
JAMES WESLEY COOPER
OF THE CLASS OF 1865, YALE COLLEGE
The present volume is the second work published by the Yale University
Press on the James Wesley Cooper Memorial Publication Fund. This
Foundation was established March 30, 1918, by a gift to Yale
University from Mrs. Ellen H. Cooper in memory of her | 1,409.083587 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.0643940 | 13 | 38 |
Produced by Gemma J. Wright and the Online | 1,409.084434 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.0644070 | 7,412 | 15 |
Produced by Demian Katz, E. M. Sanchez-Saavedra, Joseph
Rainone and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net
The Slave of the Mine; Or, Jack Harkaway in 'Frisco.
By BRACEBRIDGE HEMYNG.
[Illustration: "THE BULLET STRUCK NAPPA BILL ABOUT THE MIDDLE OF THE
WRIST, AND, WITH A FEARFUL OATH, HE ALLOWED HIS KNIFE TO DROP ON THE
FLOOR."]
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. THE GAMBLING-HOUSE.
CHAPTER II. A SURPRISE.
CHAPTER III. MALTRAVERS'S PLOT.
CHAPTER IV. THE BOX AT THE CALIFORNIA THEATRE.
CHAPTER V. VASQUEZ, THE BANDIT.
CHAPTER VI. THE SLAVE OF THE DIAMOND MINES.
CHAPTER VII. MISS VANHOOSEN TRAVELS.
CHAPTER VIII. THE ESCAPE FROM THE MINES.
CHAPTER IX. THE ATTACK ON THE STAGE.
CHAPTER I.
THE GAMBLING-HOUSE.
"I rather like this game!"
"Well, I should smile if you didn't. Luck's dead sot in for you now,
you can bet."
"Perhaps," said the first speaker; "but I don't propose to follow it
up."
"What?"
The second speaker sprang from his chair in amazement.
"No. I flatter myself I know when to stop. I have played at Baden and
Monaco, in the clubs of London and the hells of Paris, as well as the
gambling saloons of the West, and I'm not to be picked up for a flat."
"That's sure; but look at here; as sure as my name is Dan Markham, and
I'm known as a profesh at gambling from here to Cheyenne and Virginia
City, and lettin' alone Omaha, you're wrong."
"Why?"
"When you've got a run of luck, play it for all it is worth."
"You think so?"
"My friend, fortune is within your grasp. Play on the ace and copper
the jack, I tell you," replied Dan Markham.
"Thank you. I don't want any one to dictate to me."
With this quiet answer the first speaker piled up his checks and
received an equally large pile of gold twenty-dollar pieces, which he
placed in an inside pocket of his coat. Then he laughed harshly.
"I don't know why I do this sort of thing," he remarked. "It isn't
because I want the money."
"I'll tell you," replied the gambler.
The lucky player rose from his seat and the game went on, there being a
dozen or more men present who were intent upon it.
The game was faro.
Slowly and solemnly the dealer took the cards out of the box, and with
equal solemnity the players moved their checks as their fancy dictated.
The first speaker was a man of a decided English cast of countenance,
and the profusion of side whiskers which he wore strengthened his
Britannic look.
He was well dressed, handsome, though somewhat haggard, as if he
suffered from want of sleep, or had some cankering care gnawing at his
heart.
A gold ring, set with turquoise and diamonds, sparkled on his finger,
and his watch chain was heavy and massive. The gambler was probably
forty years of age, which was ten or twelve more than his companion,
and his face bore traces of drink and dissipation; but there was a
shrewd, good-natured twinkle in his eye which showed that he was not a
bad-natured man in the main. In reality, Dan Markham was known all over
the Pacific <DW72> as a good fellow.
Retiring to the lower end of the room, the first speaker accepted a
glass of wine which was handed him by a <DW64> waiter who attended on
the supper-table.
"You were saying, Mr.--er--Mr.----" he began.
"Markham," replied that individual.
"Ah, yes! Thank you! Well, you were observing----"
"Just this: I know why a man plays, even though he's well fixed and has
got heaps of shug."
"Do you?"
"Yes, Mr.--er--Mr." continued Markham, imitating his companion's tone
in rather a mocking manner.
"Smith. Call me Smith."
"All right, Smith; you play because you want the excitement. That's the
secret of it. You've got no home."
"That's true."
"No wife?"
"No."
"Exactly. If a man's got a home, and the comforts, and the young
ones, and in fact all that the word implies, he don't want to go to a
gambling-saloon. No, sir. It's fellows like you and me that buck the
tiger."
The person who had designated himself as Mr. Smith smiled.
"You are an observer of human nature?" he said.
"Well, I guess so. Pete!"
"Yes, sah!" replied the <DW64>.
"Give me some of that wine. Darn your black skin, what do I keep you
for?"
"You don't keep me, sah!" replied the <DW64>.
"Don't I, by gosh? It's me, and fellows like me, that keep this saloon
a-going, and that keeps you."
Pete made no reply, but opened a new bottle and handed the gambler a
glass of the sparkling wine.
"Going to play some more, stranger?" asked Dan.
"I may and I may not. As I feel at present I shall look on," replied
Mr. Smith.
"How long have you been in this country?" continued Dan.
"All my life."
"Hy?"
"I was born here."
"Whereabouts?"
"In Maine."
"Oh, come now; you can't play that on me. You're a Britisher."
Mr. Smith a little and looked rather vexed.
"Doesn't it strike you, my friend," he said, "that you are a trifle
inquisitive?"
"It's my way."
"Then all I have to say is that it is a mighty unpleasant way, and I
don't like it for a cent."
"Is that so?"
"Yes."
"Then you can lump it," replied Dan Markham, lighting a cigar and
staring him in the face.
Mr. Smith evidently did not want to have a quarrel, for he walked away
and strolled through the rooms, of which there were four.
These rooms were elegantly furnished, provided with sofas and
easy-chairs. On the tables were all the best periodicals and magazines,
so that frequenters of the gambling-house could while away their time
without actually playing.
But the tables possessed a fascination which Smith, as he called
himself, could not resist.
He strolled back to the faro game and watched the play, which kept on
incessantly.
When one player fell out, another took his place, and so it went on,
all night long, till the garish streaks of the gray dawn stole in
through the shades of the windows, and the men who turned night into
day thought it prudent to go home.
A young and handsome man attracted Mr. Smith's attention. He was
well dressed, and had an air of refinement about him. His eyes were
bloodshot and his face haggard. His hands clutched the chips nervously,
and he was restless, feverish and excited.
He pushed the clustering chestnut locks from his fair brow, and watched
the cards as they came out with an eagerness that showed he took more
than an ordinary interest in the game.
His luck was villainous.
He lost almost every time, and when he tried to make a "pot" to recoup
himself, it was all the same--the wrong card came out.
At length he put his hand in his pocket and found no more money there.
With a sigh he rose from the table, and with bowed head and bent back,
his eyes lowered and his face wearing an expression which was the
embodiment of despair, he walked away.
Mr. Smith followed him.
This was a type of character and a situation he evidently liked to
study.
"Ruined! Ruined!" he muttered.
At this juncture he encountered Dan Markham, who had been paying his
respects to some boned turkey, and making a very respectable supper.
The professional gambler can always eat and drink, the fluctuations of
the game having very little effect on his appetite.
"Hello! Baby," he exclaimed; "you here again to-night?"
"As you see," replied the young man, whose feminine cast of countenance
justified the epithet of "Baby" which the gambler had bestowed upon him.
"I thought I told you to keep out of here."
"I know it."
"Then why didn't you follow my orders?"
"Because I couldn't. It was here that I took the first downward step,
and to-night I have taken the last."
The gambler regarded him curiously.
"Clarence Holt," he said, "have you been drinking?"
"Not a drop; but it is time I did. My lips are parched and dry. I am on
fire, brain and body. Is this a foretaste of the hereafter in store for
me?"
"Weak-minded fool!" cried Dan.
"Yes, I was weak-minded to trust you. I was a fool to listen to your
rose- stories about fortunes made at a faro-bank."
"Come, come! no kicking."
During this conversation Mr. Smith was leaning against the wall, half
concealed in the shadow, and smoking a cigar, while he was ostensibly
engaged in jotting down some memoranda with a pencil on a scrap of
paper, yet not a word was lost upon him.
"You can bully me as much as you please, Dan Markham!" exclaimed
Clarence Holt. "But I warn you that I am getting tired of it."
"Tired, eh?"
"Yes, sir; there is a limit to human endurance."
"Is there? Since when did you find that out?" sneered Dan.
"To-night. I have lost a whole month's salary."
"What of that? I'll lend you money."
"Yes, on the terms you did before," replied Clarence Holt, bitterly.
"You have made me forge the name of the manager of the bank in which I
am employed to the extent of three thousand dollars."
"That isn't much."
"I can never pay it."
Dan Markham lowered his voice almost to a whisper.
"Yes, you can," he said.
"How?"
"Steal it. You have every opportunity."
"And become a thief?"
"Yes."
"Never!"
"Why not? Are you not already a forger? I hold three notes of Mr.
Simpson, the manager of the Bank of California, which he never signed,
though you did it for him; and if those notes are presented for payment
you will go right up to the State Prison at Stockton quicker than
railroading."
Clarence Holt groaned deeply.
He was, indeed, in the power of this man, and, struggle as he could, he
was unable to extricate himself.
Mr. Smith gathered from this conversation that Dan Markham had got the
young man in his power with some object in view.
Clarence Holt was a clerk in the Bank of California, and had forged
the name of Mr. Simpson, the manager, to the extent of three thousand
dollars, Markham holding the forged notes.
That evening Clarence had risked his whole mouth's salary at faro, and
lost.
Hence his despair and agitation were fully accounted for.
"What do you want of me?" asked Clarence.
"My money."
"What will you take for the notes?"
"Double their face-value, and then I'll hand them over to anybody."
Mr. Smith stepped forward and bowed politely.
"Pardon me," said he. "Did I understand you to say that you are anxious
to sell some notes?"
"Oh! it's you, Mr. Smith," replied Markham. "If you've got six thousand
dollars to throw away on security which is only worth three, we can
deal. I want to go to Sacramento to-morrow, and I'll sell out."
"I have overheard the entire conversation," said Mr. Smith, "and I
sincerely commiserate this young man, who has fallen into the hands of
a sharper!"
"Throwing bricks, eh?"
"Never you mind, my friend. Hand over the notes and I will give you the
money."
Markham produced a wallet which was filled with papers and bills,
among which he searched until he found the documents of which he was in
want.
"Here you are," he exclaimed. "I'd like to find a fool like you every
day in the week."
"Would you?"
"If I did, I'd die rich."
Laughing heartily at his own joke, Markham handed over the notes and
received the six thousand dollars in exchange.
"Thank you," he added, and extending his hand to Clarence Holt, he
said: "Good-by. Take my advice. It's straight. Never bet on a card
again."
Nodding carelessly to Mr. Smith, he knocked the ash off his cigar and
left the room.
When he was gone, Clarence Holt grasped Mr. Smith's hand.
"How can I thank you?" he exclaimed.
"My dear fellow," replied Mr. Smith, "you have nothing to thank me for."
"Nothing!"
"No, indeed."
"But you have saved me," said Clarence. "You are a whole-souled,
generous-hearted man. Give me the forged notes, that I may tear them
up, begin again, and, leading a new life, bless you for ever."
A cynical smile curled the lip of Mr. Smith.
"Not so fast, my young friend," he said.
"What do you mean?"
"Simply that I am not your friend, and that I have not done anything of
a particularly generous nature."
"How?"
Clarence Holt's countenance fell again as he ejaculated this
monosyllable.
"You have only exchanged one master for another," replied Mr. Smith.
"Really, sir," said Clarence, "I am at a loss to understand you. I took
you for a gentleman who, having by accident overheard a conversation
which was not intended for his ears, endeavored to atone for his
conduct by doing what lay in his power to help----"
"Don't catechise me, if you please," interrupted Mr. Smith.
"I have no wish to be offensive."
"If you had I would not allow you to gratify your inclination. Mr.
Markham has handed you over to me, and I have bought you."
"Bought me?"
"Why, certainly."
"May I ask your reason for acting in such an eccentric manner?"
"Yes; I like to buy men. It is a fancy of mine. I find them useful
occasionally."
Clarence Holt bit his lip.
"Where do you live?"
A card containing an address in Mission Street was handed to him, and,
glancing carelessly at it, he put it in his pocket.
"When I want you," he said, "I shall know where to find you."
A rebellious fire burnt in Clarence's eye.
"Suppose I refuse to do your bidding?" he asked.
"Oh! well, in that case I should go to the bank and show the
authorities the notes I have bought. I presume they would see that you
were punished, and taken care of for a year or two."
Clarence pressed his hands together violently.
"Oh! have I come to this?" he cried. "Would to God I had taken my dear
wife's advice and never gambled!"
Mr. Smith looked at him.
"Married, eh?" he remarked.
"Yes, sir."
"Pretty wife?"
"The most divine creature you ever saw. I suppose I am a partial judge,
and that my opinion is not to be relied on; but I assure you, sir, that
no artist or poet ever conceived so lovely a specimen of womanhood as
my darling Elise."
"Humph! How long have you been married?"
"Three years."
"And in love still?"
"Yes, indeed; more than ever."
"Odd way of showing your love, coming to a gambling-house. Any
children?"
"One little girl. But allow me to explain. I came here with my month's
salary to try and make money enough to pay off Markham, who has been my
ruin. Now I have not a dollar to go home with, and how we are to live I
do not know."
Mr. Smith took a dozen twenty-dollar gold pieces out of his purse.
"Take these," he said.
"You will lend them to me?" cried Clarence, delightedly.
"I give them to you. What is the use of lending money to a pauper? I
give this to you just as I would give an alms to a beggar."
"Your words are very bitter," said the young man, as he shivered
visibly.
"There is no necessity for me to be silver-tongued with you," was the
reply. "Go home to your wife. I will call and see you soon."
Mr. Smith threw himself into a chair, and appeared to take no further
notice of Clarence, but he was seated in a manner which permitted him
to have a good view of the gambling-table.
At first Clarence Holt hurried toward the door, as if full of virtuous
resolution to return home.
Then he paused, and turned off toward the lunch table, where he ate a
little salad and drank some wine.
The gold pieces were burning a hole in his pocket.
They were amply sufficient to live upon for a month; but if he could
only double them!
Surely his bad luck could not stick to him all the evening.
He would try again.
"What time is it?"--he looked up at the clock--"only eleven!" Elise,
his little wife, has got the baby to sleep by this time and is probably
reading, while eagerly expecting his return home. Another hour will
make no great difference.
He goes to the table and buys some checks, with which he begins to
speculate.
Mr. Smith laughs with the air of Mephisto, and says to himself:
"I knew it. Score one to me again for having some knowledge of
character. He is a weak man and easily led. So much the better for me."
Presently a lady, thickly vailed, entered the saloon and looked timidly
around her.
Evidently she was searching for some one.
Seldom, indeed, was a lady seen in the saloon, for it is not the custom
for the fair sex to gamble in America, whatever they may do in Europe.
The <DW64> in charge of the lunch-table advanced toward her.
"What you want heah, ma'am?" he asked.
"I am looking for a gentleman," she replied, in a nervous tone.
"Plenty ob gen'elmen come and go all night. It's as hard as de debble
to find any one in dese ar rooms."
"He is my husband. Perhaps you know him. His name is Clarence Holt,"
continued the lady.
"Oh! yes, for suah. I know him."
"Then I implore you to tell me if he is here. Where is the room in
which they play?"
"No place for ladies, dat; besides, Marse Holt him been gone an hour or
more with Marse Markham."
"Is he with that bad man? Ah, me! what future have I and my child now?"
She pressed her hands to her face and sobbed, while the <DW64> held the
door open.
Suddenly there was a loud cry from the inner room, in which the game
was progressing.
"By heaven. I win! Give it me. It is all mine. All--all," shouted a man.
Mrs. Holt uttered a scream.
"'Tis he!" she cried. "Wretch, you have deceived me. Stand on one side.
I heard my husband's voice, and I will see him."
She pushed past the <DW64>, who would fain have stopped her had he been
able to do so, but her movements were too quick for him to intercept
her.
"This is becoming decidedly interesting," observed Mr. Smith; "Elise
has come after Clarence. By Jove!" he added, as she raised her vail,
"she justifies his description of her. A prettier creature I never saw!"
The luck had changed, and Clarence had been fortunate enough to win
largely, as a pile of gold by his side fully testified.
The young wife tapped him on the shoulder.
"Clarence," she whispered.
"You here?" he cried, while a flush of annoyance crossed his face.
"Oh, yes; forgive me. Come home, will you not?"
"How dare you follow me here?"
"I was so lonely. I found a note from Markham appointing a meeting
here, and I knew you had your salary with you. We have no food in the
house, and----"
"Confound you!" he interrupted, almost fiercely. "Do you want every man
here to know our private affairs?"
"What are these men to you, Clarence?"
"Go home. I will come when I am ready. You distract me. Go!" he
exclaimed.
Sadly she turned away. Her tears flowed fast, and so broken-hearted was
she that she did not bestow one glance at the feverish and excited face
of her erring and misguided husband.
At the door she was confronted by Mr. Smith, who bowed politely.
"Madame," he exclaimed, "permit me to have the honor of escorting you
to your carriage."
Elise Holt looked up in surprise.
"I have no carriage, sir," she answered.
"Then I will get you one."
"But I have no money to pay for one."
"My purse is at your service."
"Oh, sir," she exclaimed, blushing, "it would not be right for me to
accept a favor from a perfect stranger."
"Pardon me, I am a friend of your husband."
"Is that so? Well, if you know Clarence, will you not persuade him to
come home?"
She looked pleadingly at Mr. Smith.
"I will do more than that," he rejoined.
"How?"
"I will see to it that he does come to you in half an hour. Come, take
my arm."
Elise did not hesitate any longer, but timidly placed her little
delicately-gloved hand on the arm of the handsome stranger, who was so
kind and generous.
"Ah!" she thought, "if I had married him instead of Clarence!"
They descended the stairs together, and her tears ceased to flow.
CHAPTER II.
A SURPRISE.
In the street they saw a carriage, which Mr. Smith hailed, and when it
drove up he placed Mrs. Holt inside.
"Drive this lady to No. 113 Mission Street," he exclaimed.
Elise opened her eyes wide with astonishment.
"You know where we live!" she ejaculated.
"Certainly I do. Good-evening. Clarence shall be home in half an hour."
He handed the driver two dollars, and Elise was taken to her apartments
in a luxurious style which was entirely new to her.
Mr. Smith returned to the gambling-saloon, much impressed with the
modesty and beauty of Elise.
"Decidedly, she is too good for Clarence," he muttered.
Once again in the gilded saloon of vice he looked in vain for Clarence
among the players.
"Where is the young man who was winning?" he asked of the dealer.
"He has dropped out," was the answer.
"A loser?"
"Yes. He staked his pile on one card, and somehow it didn't come up as
he expected."
"Fool!" remarked Mr. Smith.
He walked through the suite of handsomely-furnished rooms to see where
Clarence was, because he could not have left the place, or he would
have been met on the stairs.
In an inner apartment he saw a sight which startled, though it did not
surprise him.
Mr. Smith was a man of the world, whom it was difficult to surprise, as
it was part of his education and temperament not to exhibit emotion at
anything.
Kneeling before a large mirror, his face pale and haggard beyond
expression, was Clarence Holt.
In his right hand he held a pistol, and in his left a photograph of
Elise, which he was kissing passionately.
It was a sad picture, and showed to what desperate straits drink and
gambling can reduce their votaries.
* * * * *
Suddenly he dropped the picture and placed the muzzle of the pistol to
his temple.
"God forgive me," he prayed, "and help the widow and the orphan. Elise,
my darling, my life, my all, farewell."
Mr. Smith rushed forward and knocked up his arm, so that at this most
critical moment in the young man's career the weapon went off without
injuring him, and the ball lodged in the ceiling.
It was a narrow escape.
"Idiot," cried Smith, "what are you thinking of?"
Clarence Holt looked repentant and abashed.
"I have spent your money," he replied. "I repulsed my wife. I am a
wretch, unworthy to live."
"Get up and go home."
"Alas! I have no home now. My money is gone and----"
Mr. Smith interrupted him by allowing to flutter down at his side a one
hundred-dollar bill, giving it to him as carelessly as one casts a bone
to a dog.
"For me!" asked Clarence, eagerly snatching it.
"No, for Elise and your child," was the reply. "Give it to her. A
fellow like you deserves nothing but a good thrashing."
"That's what I say," answered Clarence, the old, despairing look coming
over him again. "Let me die."
Mr. Smith looked disgusted.
"If you don't leave off whining," he exclaimed, "I shall be strongly
tempted to kick you!"
Clarence did not move; he picked up his hat and left the pistol where
it had fallen.
"Be a man," continued Mr. Smith. "Don't be afraid of the world and the
world won't hurt you."
Humiliated, and with his head in a whirl, Clarence quitted the room,
and Mr. Smith re-entered the gambling-saloon, in which was a noisy
party of miners who, having come into town with plenty of money, could
not resist the fascinations of faro.
All at once Mr. Smith was confronted by a man, who exclaimed:
"So we have met sooner than I expected!"
"Harkaway," repeated the person who called himself Smith.
"At your service, my lord," was the reply.
Jack had met Lord Maltravers.
This gentleman was an English nobleman of high rank and great wealth.
They had met in New York, and both had fallen in love with a young lady
named Lena Vanhoosen.
Lena's brother Alfred wished her to marry Jack, but her mother, Mrs.
Vanhoosen, wished her to espouse the rich nobleman.
Jack and Lord Maltravers had quarreled about Lena.
The quarrel took place in a well-known up-town resort, and Maltravers
had fired a pistol at Jack.
The shot missed its mark, but the cowardly nobleman had to fly to avoid
arrest.
He retreated to San Francisco, and Jack, learning where he had gone,
followed him.
They met in the gambling-saloon.
His lordship was perfectly collected after the first shock of surprise
had passed away, and he did not attempt to escape.
"So you have followed me?" he observed.
"That is an unnecessary question to ask," replied Jack. "You see I am
here."
"Not at all. You might have been making a tour of California, but since
you have declared that you followed me, may I ask your reason?"
"To bring you to justice for attempting my life, after which I shall
marry Miss Vanhoosen."
"So you have gone into the detective business, Mr. Harkaway? I
congratulate you," said his lordship, sarcastically.
"It was time for me to do something."
"Well, you have found me. What next?"
"I shall arrest you."
"Here?"
"Certainly, my lord. I shall be my own police officer, and not give you
a chance to run away."
Lord Maltravers laughed harshly.
"My dear fellow," he replied, "what do you take me for?"
"Precisely for that which I know you to be."
"And that is----"
"An unmitigated scoundrel."
"Thank you; personality seems to be your forte," said Maltravers. "And
now let me tell you one thing: I am no child to be arrested by you."
"We shall see," answered Jack.
The room, as we have said, was full of rough characters, who were
noisy, and inclined to be riotous; wine was flowing freely.
"Boys!" cried Maltravers, in a stentorian voice.
Instantly he was the centre of attraction.
"Do any of you want to make a stake of a hundred dollars?"
"Yes, yes!" replied a dozen men.
"Then put a head on this man for me."
He held out five twenty-dollar gold-pieces in one hand and pointed to
Harkaway with the other.
A big man, over six feet high, apparently strong as a horse, with a
well-developed biceps muscle, stepped forward.
He had several scars on his face, and had lost one eye, which gave him
a ghastly appearance.
"That money's mine," he exclaimed.
"You can have it if you are my man."
"Hand it over."
Lord Maltravers gave him the gold, and at the same time Jack took a
step in advance.
"You shall not escape me in that way," he said.
"Hold on there," cried the volunteer.
"Oh, I'm not afraid of you," cried Jack.
"I'm Nappa Bill," said the man, "and if I can't make you squeal, I want
to go home."
"Listen to me," said Harkaway. "This fellow is a notorious murderer,
and is wanted in New York."
"New York be darned!" said Nappa Bill. "If he has killed his man, there
are lots of us in this room who has done the same thing, and his money
is as good to me as any other chap's. Let him go, and then you an' me's
got to talk."
Seeing that it would be useless to attempt to arrest his lordship after
the turn affairs had taken, Jack relinquished his idea.
"Gentlemen, I will leave you to amuse yourselves," exclaimed Maltravers.
Jack was furiously indignant, and burned with rage as he saw his enemy
make for the door.
"Stop!" he cried.
"To oblige you? Oh, dear, no. I rather think not. I shall be glad to
meet you at Foster's Cliff House to-morrow at two, if you will promise
to come unattended."
"I will be there."
"On my terms?"
"Yes."
"Very well; we can then discuss the situation; for the present, it will
be enough to say good-night."
Always a polished villain, Maltravers bowed and took his departure.
Jack was baffled, and was about to sit down to consider what he should
do, when Nappa Bill made a furious lunge at him with a knife.
Seeing the movement, he stepped on one side and escaped being killed by
almost a miracle.
Being armed, he drew a pistol.
"Keep off," he said, "or I'll shoot."
"That's good enough. I like to see a man heeled. I'll have more
pleasure in cutting you now," answered Nappa Bill.
"What do you want to fight me at all for?"
"Wasn't I paid for it? Why, look at here, I'd scorn to take the man's
money and do nothing for it."
"Come on, then. The sooner this thing is settled the better."
Nappa Bill did not want to be asked twice; he accepted the invitation
and threw himself upon Jack, who received a slight flesh-wound in his
shoulder.
Drawing himself quickly back, he fired a snap-shot at the ruffian, not
having time to take aim.
The bullet struck Nappa Bill about the middle of the wrist, and with a
fearful oath he allowed his knife to drop on the floor.
"Curse you!" he cried. "You've broken my wrist."
"It's all your own fault," replied Jack, coolly. "I did not provoke
this contest, as all the gentlemen here present, I am sure, will
testify. You have made a little money by your conduct, but I guess it
will all go in doctor's bills."
At this there was a laugh.
Nappa Bill bound up his injured hand with a napkin, which he snatched
from the arm of the <DW64> waiter.
Looking earnestly at Jack, he said:
"I'm cornered this time, and I'll own up that you got the best of me,
but by thunder, I'll get square with you, colonel, if it takes me all
my life."
"Ah, pshaw! fellows like you can't harm me."
"Are you betting money on that?"
"I never bet with your class," replied Jack.
"What's my class?" inquired Nappa Bill.
"Loafers, frauds and beats."
"You're kind of high-toned, aren't you?" sneered Nappa Bill. "They're
all gentlemen where you come from, I should imagine; don't have to work
and look around for a living."
"It matters very little who or what I am," replied Jack, "but if you
pick me up for a fool you'll find that you never made a greater mistake
in your life."
"That's all right, but remember that Nappa Bill is your open enemy."
Jack put his pistol back in his pocket, and with a careless laugh
quitted the room.
There were several men standing in his way, but they quickly made space
for him.
Nappa Bill did not attempt to injure him further. He contented himself
with using some strong adjectives, which would not look well in print.
Harkaway had won the first move in the game.
CHAPTER III.
MALTRAVERS'S PLOT.
Early on the following day Maltravers presented himself at Clarence
Holt's lodgings, on Mission Street.
He found the husband and wife at breakfast.
They both rose and welcomed him, though it was apparent that | 1,409.084447 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.0664270 | 195 | 6 |
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Chuck Greif and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
MANUAL
OF
ORIENTAL ANTIQUITIES
INCLUDING THE
=Architecture, Sculpture, and Industrial Arts=
OF
_CHALDÆA, ASSYRIA, PERSIA, SYRIA, JUDÆA,
PHŒNICIA, AND CARTHAGE._
BY
ERNEST BABELON,
_Librarian of the Department of Medals and Antiques in the
Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris._
NEW EDITION,
WITH A CHAPTER ON THE RECENT DISCOVERIES AT SUSA.
With Two Hundred and Fifty-five Illustrations.
NEW YORK: G.P. PUTNAM’S SONS
LONDON: H. GREVEL AND CO.,
1906.
| 1,409.086467 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.1665220 | 3,030 | 8 |
Produced by Chris Curnow, Harry Lame and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES |
| |
| Transcription used in this e-text: |
| Texts in italics in the original work are transcribed between |
| underscores, as in _text_. |
| Bold-face text in the original work has been transcribed between |
| equal signs, as in =text=. |
| Small capitals have been transcribed as ALL CAPITALS. |
| The author sometimes uses a different typeface to describe a |
| shape, as the V in V-form. Where this different typeface is used,|
| this has been transcribed as [V]. |
| |
| More Transcriber's Notes will be found at the end of this text. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
THE
ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS
ARTISTIC
ANATOMY
OF ANIMALS
BY EDOUARD CUYER, SUPPLEMENTARY
PROF OF ANATOMY AT THE SCHOOL OF
FINE ART PARIS, PROF OF ANATOMY
AT THE SCHOOL OF FINE ART ROUEN
TRANSLATED & EDITED BY
GEORGE HAYWOOD
LECTURER ON ANATOMY AT THE ROYAL
COLLEGE OF ART SOUTH KENSINGTON
[Illustration]
LONDON
BAILLIERE, TINDALL & COX
8 HENRIETTA ST COVENT GARDEN
ANNO DOMINI
MDCCCCV
ALL RIGHTS
RESVD
PREFACE
A few lines will suffice to explain why we have compiled the present
volume, to what wants it responds, and what its sphere of usefulness may
possibly embrace.
In our teaching of plastic anatomy, especially at the Ecole des
Beaux-Arts--where, for the past nine years, we have had the very great
honour of supplementing the teaching of our distinguished master,
Mathias Duval, after having been prosector for his course of lectures
since 1881--it is our practice to give, as a complement to the study of
human anatomy, a certain number of lessons on the anatomy of those
animals which artists might be called on to represent.
Now, we were given to understand that the subject treated in our
lectures interested our hearers, so much so that we were not surprised
to learn that a certain number repeatedly expressed a desire to see
these lectures united in book form.
To us this idea was not new; for many years the work in question had
been in course of preparation, and we had collected materials for it,
with the object of filling up a void of which the existence was to be
regretted. But our many engagements prevented us from executing our
project as early as we would have wished. It is this work which we
publish to-day.
[Illustration: FIG. I.--REPRODUCTION OF A SKETCH BY BARYE (COLLECTIONS
OF THE ANATOMICAL MUSEUM OF THE ECOLE DES BEAUX-ARTS--HUGUIER MUSEUM).]
Putting aside for a moment the wish expressed by our hearers, we feel
ourselves in duty bound to inquire whether the utility of this
publication is self-evident. Let it be clearly understood that we wish
to express here our opinion on this subject, while putting aside every
personal sentiment of an author.
No one now disputes the value of anatomical studies made in view of
carrying out the artistic representation of man. Nevertheless--for we
must provide against all contingencies--the conviction on this subject
may be more or less absolute; and yet it must possess this character in
an intense degree in order that these studies may be profitable, and
permit the attainment of the goal which is proposed in undertaking them.
It is in this way that we ever strive to train the students whose
studies we direct; not only to admit the value of these studies, but to
be materially and deeply convinced of the fact without any restriction.
Such is the sentiment which we endeavour to create and vigorously
encourage. And we may be permitted to add that we have often been
successful in this direction.
Therefore it is that, at the beginning of our lectures, and in
anticipation of possible objections, we are accustomed to take up the
question of the utility of plastic anatomy. And in so doing, it is in
order to combat at the outset the idea--as mischievous as it is
false--which is sometimes imprudently enunciated, that the possession of
scientific knowledge is likely to tarnish the purity and freshness of
the impressions received by the artist, and to place shackles on the
emotional sincerity of their representation.
[Illustration: FIG. II.--REPRODUCTION OF A SKETCH OF BARYE (COLLECTIONS
OF THE ANATOMICAL MUSEUM OF THE ECOLE DES BEAUX-ARTS--HUGUIER MUSEUM).]
It is chiefly by employment of examples that we approach the subject.
These strike the imagination of the student more forcibly, and the
presentation of models of a certain choice, although rough in execution,
is, in our opinion, preferable to considerations of an order possibly
more exalted, but of a character less clearly practical. Let us, then,
ask the question: Those artists whose eminence nobody would dare to
question, did they study anatomy? If the answer be in the affirmative,
we surely cannot permit ourselves to believe that we can dispense with a
similar course. And, as proof of the studies of this class which the
masters have made, we may cite Raphael, Michelangelo, and, above all,
Leonardo da Vinci; and, of the moderns, Gericault. And we may more
clearly define these proofs by an examination of the reproductions of
their anatomical works, chosen from certain of their special
writings.[1]
[1] Mathias Duval and A. Bical, 'L'anatomie des Maitres.' Thirty
plates reproduced from the originals of Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, Raphael, Gericault, etc., with letterpress and a
history of plastic anatomy, Paris, 1890.
The manuscripts of Leonardo da Vinci of the Royal Library,
Windsor, 'Anatomy, Foliae A.,' published by Theodore Sabachnikoff,
with a French translation, written and annotated by Giovanni
Piumati, with an introduction by Mathias Duval. Edouard Rouveyre,
publisher, Paris, 1898.
Mathias Duval and Edouard Cuyer, 'History of Plastic Anatomy: The
Masters, their Books, and Anatomical Figures' (Library of
Instruction of the School of Fine Arts), Paris, 1898.
Accordingly, there is no scope for serious discussion, and it only
remains for us to enunciate the opinion that it is necessary that we
should imitate those masters, and, with a sense of respectful
discipline, follow their example.
Here, with regard to the anatomy of animals, we pursue the same method,
and the example chosen shall be that of Barye. His talent is too far
above all criticism to allow that this example should be refused. The
admiration which the works of this great artist elicit is too
wide-spread for us to remain uninfluenced by the lessons furnished by
his studies. It is sufficient to see the sketches relating to these
studies, and his admirable casts from nature which form part of the
anatomical museum of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, to be convinced that the
artistic temperament, of which Barye was one of the most brilliant
examples, has nothing to lose by its association with researches the
precision of which might seem likely to check its complete expansion.
[Illustration: FIG. III.--REPRODUCTION OF A SKETCH OF BARYE (COLLECTIONS
OF THE ANATOMICAL MUSEUM OF THE ECOLE DES BEAUX-ARTS--HUGUIER MUSEUM).]
In those sketches we find proofs of observation so scrupulous that we
cannot restrain our admiration for the man whose ardent imagination
was voluntarily subjected to the toil of study so profound.
If the example of Barye, with whom we associate the names of other great
modern painters of animals, can determine the conviction which we seek
to produce, we shall be sincerely glad. To contribute to the propagation
of useful ideas, and to see them accepted, gives a feeling of
satisfaction far too legitimate for us to hesitate to say what we should
feel if our hope be realized in this instance.
EDOUARD CUYER.
[Illustration: FIG. IV.--REPRODUCTION OF A SKETCH OF BARYE (COLLECTIONS
OF ANATOMICAL MUSEUM OF THE SCHOOL OF FINE ARTS--HUGUIER MUSEUM).]
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PAGE
GENERALITIES OF COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 1
CHAPTER I
OSTEOLOGY AND ARTHROLOGY:
THE TRUNK 4
THE POSTERIOR LIMBS 78
THE POSTERIOR LIMBS IN SOME ANIMALS 90
THE SKULL OF BIRDS 127
CHAPTER II
MYOLOGY:
THE MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK 131
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR LIMBS 162
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR LIMBS 200
MUSCLES OF THE HEAD 232
CHAPTER III
EPIDERMIC PRODUCTS OF THE EXTREMITIES OF THE FORE AND HIND LIMBS 247
CHAPTER IV
PROPORTIONS
PROPORTIONS OF THE HEAD OF THE HORSE 273
CHAPTER V
THE PACES OF THE HORSE 282
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIG. PAGE
1. A HUMAN SKELETON IN THE ATTITUDE OF A QUADRUPED, TO GIVE A
GENERAL IDEA OF THE POSITION OF THE BONES IN OTHER
VERTEBRATES 5
2. SIZE OF THE ATLAS COMPARED WITH THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF
THE CORRESPONDING PARTS OF THE SKULL IN MAN 7
3. SIZE OF THE ATLAS COMPARED WITH THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF
THE CORRESPONDING REGIONS OF THE SKULL IN A DOG 8
4. LUMBAR VERTEBRAE OF A QUADRUPED (THE HORSE): SUPERIOR SURFACE 9
5. A TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX OF A MAN PLACED
VERTICALLY--THAT IS TO SAY, IN THE DIRECTION WHICH IT WOULD
ASSUME IN A MAN PLACED IN THE ATTITUDE OF A QUADRUPED (A
DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 13
6. A VERTICAL SECTION OF THE THORAX OF A QUADRUPED
(DIAGRAMMATIC) 14
7. STERNUM OF A BIRD (THE COCK): LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE 17
8. ANTERIOR LIMB OF THE BAT: LEFT SIDE, ANTERIOR SURFACE 20
9. ANTERIOR LIMB OF THE SEAL: LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE 21
10. SITUATION AND DIRECTION OF THE SCAPULA IN THE HUMAN BEING,
THE TRUNK BEING HORIZONTAL, AS IN QUADRUPEDS. VERTICAL AND
TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 22
11. POSITION AND DIRECTION OF THE SCAPULA IN QUADRUPEDS.
VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX (DIAGRAMMATIC
FIGURE) 22
12. LEFT SCAPULA OF THE HUMAN BEING, POSTERIOR SURFACE, PLACED
IN THE POSITION WHICH IT WOULD OCCUPY IN THE SKELETON OF A
QUADRUPED 23
13. LEFT SCAPULA OF A HORSE: EXTERNAL SURFACE 23
14. VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION, AT THE SITE OF THE
SHOULDERS, OF THE THORAX OF THE HORSE (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 24
15. VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION, AT THE PLANE OF THE
SHOULDERS, OF THE THORAX OF THE DOG (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 24
16. LEFT CLAVICLE OF THE CAT: SUPERIOR SURFACE (NATURAL SIZE) 26
17. CLAVICLE OF THE DOG (NATURAL SIZE) 26
18. SKELETON OF THE SHOULDER OF A BIRD (VULTURE): ANTERO-
EXTERNAL VIEW OF THE LEFT SIDE 27
19. INFERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE LEFT HUMERUS OF A FELIDAE (LION) 31
20. INFERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE LEFT HUMAN HUMERUS, SHOWING THE
PRESENCE OF A SUPRATROCHLEAR PROCESS 31
21. SKELETON OF A BIRD (VULTURE): LEFT SURFACE 33 | 1,409.186562 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.2624710 | 530 | 12 |
Produced by David Edwards, Sam W. and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
[Illustration]
The Lost Kitty.
BY AUNT HATTIE,
AUTHOR OF "BROOKSIDE SERIES," ETC.
"In everything give thanks."--Paul.
BOSTON:
HENRY A. YOUNG & CO.,
24 CORNHILL.
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867, by
REV. A. R. BAKER.
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the District of
Massachusetts.
To
NELLIE, ROLAND COTTON, ANNIE, AND FULLER APPLETON,
CHILDREN OF MY BELOVED NEPHEW,
THE REV. JOHN COTTON SMITH, D.D.,
THESE SMALL VOLUMES ARE AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED,
WITH THE EARNEST PRAYER
THAT THEIR LIVES MAY PROVE THEM TO BE LAMBS IN THE FOLD
OF THE GREAT AND GOOD
Shepherd of Israel.
CONTENTS.
Page
CHAPTER I.
THE MALTESE KITTY, 11
CHAPTER II.
NO THANKS, 22
CHAPTER III.
THE SABBATH SCHOOL, 32
CHAPTER IV.
THE DRUNKARD, 44
CHAPTER V.
THE UNGRATEFUL SON, 57
CHAPTER VI.
THE STRANGE VISITOR, 68
CHAPTER VII.
FINDING A PLACE, 79
CHAPTER VIII.
THE GRATEFUL DOG, 90
THE LOST KITTY.
CHAPTER I.
THE MALTESE KITTY.
"O Hatty! see that pretty kitty! I wonder where she came from."
Fred Carleton walked softly toward the puss, his hand outstretched,
calling, "Kitty, pretty kitty," until he had her in his arms.
His sister Hatty took her hands from the dish-water, wiped them on
the roller, and came toward him.
"Why Fred!" she exclaimed, "that's Ned Perry's kitty. Clara says it's
a real Maltese. They'll feel dreadfully when they know it's lost."
"I wish they wouldn't mind," said Fred, caressing the puss; | 1,409.282511 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.2632000 | 2,597 | 9 |
Produced by sp1nd, Diane Monico, and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
Gainsborough
By Max Rothschild
"MASTERPIECES IN COLOUR" SERIES
ARTIST. AUTHOR.
VELAZQUEZ. S. L. BENSUSAN.
REYNOLDS. S. L. BENSUSAN.
TURNER. C. LEWIS HIND.
ROMNEY. C. LEWIS HIND.
GREUZE. ALYS EYRE MACKLIN.
BOTTICELLI. HENRY B. BINNS.
ROSSETTI. LUCIEN PISSARRO.
BELLINI. GEORGE HAY.
FRA ANGELICO. JAMES MASON.
REMBRANDT. JOSEF ISRAELS.
LEIGHTON. A. LYS BALDRY.
RAPHAEL. PAUL G. KONODY.
HOLMAN HUNT. MARY E. COLERIDGE.
TITIAN. S. L. BENSUSAN.
MILLAIS. A. LYS BALDRY.
CARLO DOLCI. GEORGE HAY.
GAINSBOROUGH. MAX ROTHSCHILD.
TINTORETTO. S. L. BENSUSAN.
LUINI. JAMES MASON.
FRANZ HALS. EDGCUMBE STALEY.
VAN DYCK. PERCY M. TURNER.
LEONARDO DA VINCI. M. W. BROCKWELL.
RUBENS. S. L. BENSUSAN.
WHISTLER. T. MARTIN WOOD.
HOLBEIN. S. L. BENSUSAN.
BURNE-JONES. A. LYS BALDRY.
VIGEE LE BRUN. C. HALDANE MACFALL.
CHARDIN. PAUL G. KONODY.
FRAGONARD. C. HALDANE MACFALL.
MEMLINC. W. H. J. & J. C. WEALE.
CONSTABLE. C. LEWIS HIND.
RAEBURN. JAMES L. CAW.
JOHN S. SARGENT. T. MARTIN WOOD.
LAWRENCE. S. L. BENSUSAN.
DUeRER. H. E. A. FURST.
MILLET. PERCY M. TURNER.
WATTEAU. C. LEWIS HIND.
HOGARTH. C. LEWIS HIND.
MURILLO. S. L. BENSUSAN.
WATTS. W. LOFTUS HARE.
INGRES. A. J. FINBERG.
COROT. SIDNEY ALLNUTT.
DELACROIX. PAUL G. KONODY.
_Others in Preparation._
PLATE I.--MRS. SIDDONS. (Frontispiece)
This famous portrait of Mrs. Siddons was painted in 1784.
It is one of the chief ornaments in the National Gallery,
London. It represents the celebrated actress in her
twenty-ninth year. The picture was purchased in 1862 from
a relative of Mrs. Siddons.
[Illustration: PLATE I.--MRS. SIDDONS.]
Gainsborough
BY MAX ROTHSCHILD
ILLUSTRATED WITH EIGHT
REPRODUCTIONS IN COLOUR
[Illustration]
LONDON: T. C. & E. C. JACK
NEW YORK: FREDERICK A. STOKES CO.
CONTENTS
Page
I. Painting in England before Gainsborough 11
II. Gainsborough's Early Life--Ipswich and Bath 25
III. Gainsborough's Life in London--Last Years and Death 46
IV. Gainsborough's Works 65
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Plate
I. Mrs. Siddons Frontispiece
At the National Gallery, London
Page
II. Ralph Schomberg, M.D. 14
At the National Gallery, London
III. Queen Charlotte 24
At the South Kensington Museum
IV. "The Blue Boy" 34
At Grosvenor House
V. The Hon. Mrs. Graham 40
At the National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
VI. The Duchess of Devonshire 50
In the collection of Earl Spencer, K.G.
VII. Mrs. Robinson--"Perdita" 60
At the Wallace Collection
VIII. Miss Haverfield 70
At the Wallace Collection
[Illustration]
I
PAINTING IN ENGLAND BEFORE GAINSBOROUGH
The British school of painting was, compared with those of the other
nations of Western Europe, the latest to develop. In Italy, Spain,
France, the Netherlands, Germany, and even Scandinavia painting and
sculpture flourished as early as the Gothic Age, and in most of these
countries the Renaissance produced a host of craftsmen whose works
still endure among the most superb creations of artistic genius. It is
now inexact to say that there was no _primitive_ period in British Art;
the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, so resplendent on
the Continent with pictures and statues reflecting the character, the
aspirations, the temperament of the respective peoples that produced
them, produced works of art also in these islands. There are ample
records of pictures having been painted in England, both religious
subjects and portraits, at a very early age, as far back even as the
reign of Henry III.; of such remote productions little has been
preserved, but there are still extant a few specimens, from the
thirteenth century onwards, as well as portraits of Henry VI., Henry
VII., and effigies of princes and earls, which cause us to mourn the
loss of a large number of paintings; they are at times grotesque and so
thoroughly bad as to be a quite negligible quantity as works of art,
though no doubt historically interesting.
PLATE II.--RALPH SCHOMBERG, M.D.
This canvas can be seen in the National Gallery, and
represents a member of the family of Field-Marshal Duke
Schomberg, who was killed in 1690 at the Battle of the
Boyne. It is painted in the fashion of the time, a full
figure in the open air, and is a very fine example of
Gainsborough's work.
[Illustration: PLATE II.--RALPH SCHOMBERG, M.D.]
It may be stated for our purposes that until the reign of Henry VIII.
the art of painting was non-existent in England. This luxurious and
liberal monarch it was who first gave any real and discerning
encouragement to art, and the year 1526 must ever be memorable as the
one in which was laid the foundation-stone of British Art. In that year
the Earl of Arundel returned from a journey on the Continent; he was
accompanied by a young man of powerful build, "with a swarthy sensual
face, a neck like a bull, and an eye unlikely to endure contradiction."
This was Hans Holbein, who was then thirty years of age, and whose fame
had already been spread far and wide by the eloquent praises of
Erasmus. Whether the monarch appreciated the depth and subtlety of the
painter's genius better than did his own fellow-citizens of Basle, or
whether his attitude towards him was prompted by a sense of vanity and
ostentation is a question of little moment; the fact remains that he
succeeded by his favour and a pension of two hundred florins in fixing
the painter at the English court, and thus rendered an incomparable
service to his country's art. With the exception of a few lengthy
excursions abroad, Holbein lived continuously in England for
twenty-eight years, until his death of the plague in 1543.
The art of Holbein, with all his genius, with all his success and
popularity at court, does not seem to have taken root in England. The
soil was not congenial, and when the plant withered no off-shoots
remained behind; he formed no school in this country, had no pupils
capable of carrying on his work, and continuing his tradition. With
his death, the first short chapter in the history of art in Great
Britain closes like a book, and for a time it looks as though the seeds
sown by Henry VIII. were destined never to bear fruit. But one notable
result had been attained; painting had gained a place in popular
estimation, and succeeding sovereigns followed Henry's example in
attracting to England talented artists from over seas. Thus Antonio
Moro came for a brief period to the court of Mary; Lucas de Heere,
Zucchero, and Van Somer to that of Queen Elizabeth. During this reign,
for the first time, distinction is obtained by two artists of British
birth, the miniature painters Hilliard and Oliver, but they again leave
no very important followers (with the exception of the younger Oliver),
and their isolated merit had no share in the formation of a native
school.
With the accession of Charles the First art began to take a much more
important position in the life of the nation. Charles was a man of
considerable taste and refined discernment; no longer content with
attracting artists to his court, he began to collect fine works
purchased in other countries, his example being followed by his brother
Prince Henry, by the Earl of Arundel and others among his courtiers;
thus the works of the great Italians found their way into England. The
walls of the royal palaces blazoned with the handiwork of Raphael and
Leonardo da Vinci, Correggio and Veronese, Titian and Tintoretto; from
the Netherlands came pictures by Rembrandt and Rubens, and the influx
thus started was destined to continue until England became the greatest
artistic store-house in the world.
The greatest artistic event of the reign of Charles I.--the most
far-reaching, indeed, in the whole history of art in this country--was
the coming of Van Dyck in 1632, for to his influence is directly due
the birth and development of our native school of painting culminating
in the golden period of the following century.
Van Dyck was thirty-three years of age when he came to England; his
talent was at its highest point of perfection; he was almost
immediately attached to the court among the royal painters, and his
success was rapid and unequalled. The king and queen and their children
sat to him again and again; there was no courtier or noble lady but
wished her portrait to be painted by the fashionable and fascinating
artist, and the habit of portrait-painting became so firmly established
that neither the revolution, nor the Puritan regime, which followed the
death of Charles I., were able to eradicate it.
Van Dyck's commissions were so numerous that it became impossible for
him to execute the whole of them with his own hand; Van Dyck, as his
master Rubens had done in Antwerp, filled his studio with assistants
and pupils whom he trained, and who frequently painted the more
unimportant portions of his portraits, such as draperies and
background. In this manner a considerable number of men received
tuition of the utmost value, and, though many of them were foreigners,
drawn to London by the reports of successful brothers of the brush, a
school was at last founded which was destined to develop into the
glorious English school of painting of the eighteenth | 1,409.28324 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.4635780 | 326 | 11 |
Produced by Ted Garvin, Carol David and PG Distributed Proofreaders
ENGLAND of my HEART
SPRING
BY
EDWARD HUTTON
WITH MANY ILLUSTRATIONS BY
GORDON HOME
MCMXIV
TO MY FRIEND
O.K.
INTRODUCTION
England of my heart is a great country of hill and valley, moorland
and marsh, full of woodlands, meadows, and all manner of flowers, and
everywhere set with steadings and dear homesteads, old farms and old
churches of grey stone or flint, and peopled by the kindest and
quietest people in the world. To the south, the east, and the west it
lies in the arms of its own seas, and to the north it is held too by
water, the waters, fresh and clear, of the two rivers as famous as
lovely, Thames and Severn, of which poets are most wont to sing, as
Spenser when he invokes the first:
"Sweete Themmes runne softly till I end my song";
or Dryden when he tells us of the second:
"The goodly Severn bravely sings
The noblest of her British kings,
At Caesar's landing what we were,
And of the Roman conquest here...."
Within England of my heart, in the whole breadth of her delight, there
is no industrial city such as infests, ruins, and spoils other lands,
and in this she resembles her great and dear mother Italy | 1,409.483618 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.5299540 | 1,607 | 30 |
Produced by Richard Tonsing, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
EDWARD THE SECOND,
the sonne of Edward the first.
[Sidenote: 1307.]
[Sidenote: Continuation of _Matt. West_.]
Edward, the second of that name, the sonne of Edward the first, borne
at Carnaruan in Wales, began his reigne ouer England the seauenth day
of Iulie, in the yeare of our Lord 1307, of the world, 5273, of the
comming of the Saxons 847, after the conquest 241, about the tenth
yeare of Albert emperour of Rome, and the two and twentith of the
fourth Philip, surnamed Le Beau, as then king of France, and in the
third yeare after that Robert le Bruce had taken vpon him the crowne
and gouernement of Scotland. His fathers corpse was conueied from Burgh
vpon Sands, vnto the abbie of Waltham, there to remaine, till things
were readie for the buriall, which was appointed at Westminster.
[Sidenote: The bishop of Couentrie committed to prison.]
[Sidenote: Officers remooued.]
Within three daies after, when the lord treasurer Walter de Langton
bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield (thorough whose complaint Peers de
Gaueston had beene banished the land) was going towards Westminster, to
make preparation for the same buriall, he was vpon commandement from
the new king arrested, committed to prison, and after deliuered to the
hands of the said Peers, being then returned againe into the realme,
who sent him from castell to castell as a prisoner. His lands and
tenements were seized to the kings vse, but his mooueables were giuen
to the foresaid Peers. Walter Reignold that had beene the kings tutor
in his childhood, was then made lord treasurer, and after when the see
of Worcester was void, at the kings instance he was by the pope to that
bishoprike preferred. Also Rafe bishop of London was deposed from the
office of lord Chancellour, and Iohn Langton bishop of Chichester was
thereto restored. Likewise, the barons of the excheker were remooued,
and other put in their places. And Amerie de Valence earle of Penbroke
was discharged of the wardenship of Scotland, and Iohn de Britaine
placed in that office, whom he also made earle of Richmond.
[Sidenote: _Polydor._]
[Sidenote: Peers de Gaueston.]
[Sidenote: The yeare next insuing, the Ile of Man was taken by Robert
Bruce.]
But now concerning the demeanour of this new king, whose disordered
maners brought himselfe and manie others vnto destruction; we find that
in the beginning of his gouernement, though he was of nature giuen
to lightnesse, yet being restreined with the prudent aduertisements
of certeine of his councellors, to the end that he might shew some
likelihood of good proofe, he counterfeited a kind of grauitie, vertue
and modestie; but yet he could not throughlie be so bridled, but that
foorthwith he began to plaie diuers wanton and light parts, at the
first indeed not outragiouslie, but by little and little, and that
couertlie. For hauing reuoked againe into England his old mate the said
Peers de Gaueston, he receiued him into most high fauour, creating him
earle of Cornewall, and lord of Man, his principall secretarie, and
lord chamberlaine of the realme, through whose companie and societie he
was suddenlie so corrupted, that he burst out into most heinous vices;
for then vsing the said Peers as a procurer of his disordred dooings,
he began to haue his nobles in no regard, to set nothing by their
instructions, and to take small heed vnto the good gouernement of the
common-wealth, so that within a while, he gaue himselfe to wantonnes,
passing his time in voluptuous pleasure, and riotous excesse: and to
helpe them forward in that kind of life, the foresaid Peers, who (as
it may be thought, he had sworne to make the king to forget himselfe,
and the state, to the which he was called) furnished his court with
companies of iesters, ruffians, flattering parasites, musicians, and
other vile and naughtie ribalds, that the king might spend both daies
and nights in iesting, plaieng, blanketing, and in such other filthie
and dishonorable exercises: and moreouer, desirous to aduance those
that were like to him selfe, he procured for them honorable offices,
all which notable preferments and dignities, sith they were ill
bestowed, were rather to be accounted dishonorable than otherwise, both
to the giuer and the receiuer, sith
Sufficiens honor est homini, cum dignus honore est,
Qui datur indigno non est honor, est onus, imo
Ludibrium, veluti in scena cum ludius est rex,
Quippe honor est soli virtuti debita merces.
[Sidenote: A parlement at Northampton.]
[Sidenote: Peers de Gaueston maried.]
About the thirteenth day of October, a parlement was holden at
Northampton, in the which it was ordeined by the kings appointment,
that the coine of his father king Edward should be still currant,
notwithstanding the basenesse thereof, as some reputed it, and
therefore it was mooued in the parlement to haue it disanulled. [pilcrow]
Also, order was taken for the buriall of his fathers corpse, which
was solemnelie conueied from Waltham, and brought to Westminster the
seauen and twentith day of October following, where with all funerall
pompe it was interred. Moreouer, at the same parlement, a marriage was
concluded betwixt the earle of Cornewall Peers de Gaueston, and the
daughter of Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester, which he had by his
wife the countesse Ioane de Acres the kings sister, which marriage was
solemnized on All hallowes day next insuing.
[Sidenote: The K. passeth ouer into France.]
[Sidenote: 1308.]
[Sidenote: He was married the 28 of Februarie, as _Tho. de la More_
writeth.]
[Sidenote: The king and queene crowned.]
[Sidenote: _Tho. Walsin._]
[Sidenote: Sir Iohn Blackwell smoothered and thrust to death.
Continuation of _N. Triuet._]
About the two and twentith of Ianuarie, the king sailed ouer | 1,409.549994 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.5619370 | 167 | 60 |
Produced by Josep Cols Canals, Chuck Greif and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
A LIBRARY
FOR
MY YOUNG COUNTRYMEN.
EDITED BY
THE AUTHOR OF “UNCLE PHILIP’S CONVERSATIONS.”
VOLUME IV.
ADVENTURES OF HERNAN CORTES.
THE
ADVENTURES
OF THE
CONQUEROR OF MEXICO
[Illustration: colophon]
By the Author of
“Uncle Philip’s Conversations”
NEW YORK
D. Appleton & Company 200 Broadway.
| 1,409.581977 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.7436090 | 146 | 10 |
Produced by Mary Meehan and The Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
THE CAMP FIRE GIRLS ACROSS THE SEAS
BY MARGARET VANDERCOOK
Author of "The Ranch Girls Series," etc.
ILLUSTRATED
PHILADELPHIA
THE JOHN C. WINSTON CO.
PUBLISHERS
Copyright, 1914, by
THE JOHN C. WINSTON COMPANY
[Illustration: "LOOK HERE, ESTHER," HE BEGAN]
CONTENTS
I. TWO YEARS LATER
II. THE WHEEL REV | 1,409.763649 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.9259030 | 6,289 | 16 |
Produced by Chris Curnow, Harry Lamé and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
Transcriber’s Notes
Text printed in small capitals in the original work has been
transcribed =between equal signs=, text printed in italics has been
transcribed _between underscores_. Superscript text is represented as
^{text}.
More Transcriber’s Notes may be found at the end of this text.
[Illustration]
SURVEY
OF
THE HIGH ROADS
OF
England and Wales.
PART THE FIRST.
COMPRISING THE COUNTIES OF
KENT, SURREY, SUSSEX, HANTS, WILTS, DORSET, SOMERSET,
DEVON, AND CORNWALL;
WITH
PART OF BUCKINGHAM AND MIDDLESEX.
_PLANNED ON A SCALE OF ONE INCH TO A MILE._
EXHIBITING AT ONE VIEW
THE SEATS OF THE NOBILITY AND GENTRY,
WHETHER SITUATED ON, OR CONTIGUOUS TO, THE ROAD.
The various Branches of Roads and Towns to which they lead.
TOGETHER WITH
THE ACTUAL DISTANCE OF THE SAME FROM THE MAIN ROAD, RIVERS, NAVIGABLE
CANALS, RAILWAYS, TURNPIKE GATES, &c. &c.
ACCOMPANIED BY
INDEXES,
_TOPOGRAPHIC AND DESCRIPTIVE_.
THE WHOLE
ENRICHED WITH A VARIETY OF VALUABLE AND ORIGINAL INFORMATION.
ARRANGED BY, AND UNDER THE DIRECTION OF,
EDWARD MOGG.
_LONDON:_
PUBLISHED BY EDWARD MOGG, No. 51, CHARING CROSS.
1817.
TO
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS
THE PRINCE REGENT.
=Sir=,
Your Royal Highness having graciously condescended to extend your august
patronage and protection to this work, I cannot present it to the
public, without testifying how deeply sensible I am of this most
gracious mark of your Royal Highness’s approbation.
I am perfectly aware that no merit of the performance can give it
pretensions to so exalted a patronage; yet to whom can this publication
with so much propriety be addressed, as to that illustrious and
magnanimous Prince, who, by his wisdom and councils, during the most
arduous contest in which any nation was ever engaged, preserved us in
the quiet enjoyment of that land, and, under whose auspicious guidance
and government, has been raised to the highest pinnacle of glory that
country, the topography and picturesque beauties of which it is the
principal design of the following pages to illustrate.
That your Royal Highness may long live to be the ornament of society,
the delight and boast of a grateful and admiring nation, is the ardent
wish of,
Sir,
Your Royal Highness’s
most grateful,
most dutiful,
and most devoted servant,
EDWARD MOGG.
ADVERTISEMENT.
In presenting to the Public the first part of this comprehensive work,
embracing the southern division of the Kingdom, the Proprietor indulges
a hope, that while conveying information, he will be found in some
degree to have contributed to the amusement of the traveller.
The gratification derived from an excursion of pleasure does not always
terminate with its performance, but is often produced by reflections
which naturally arise on a subsequent review of past occurrences or
remarkable objects; and which the peculiar construction of this work is
eminently calculated to assist.
In contemplating a new Road, we feel enlivened by anticipation; in the
recollection of an old one, we are led to reflections that equally
interest; and a recurrence to these pages will immediately present to
the reader’s imagination the identical spot, or well known inn, which
from a variety of incidents that occur in the prosecution of a journey,
whether the remembrance be attended with pleasure or accompanied by a
feeling of regret, never fail to leave an indelible impression on the
mind.
It has been justly remarked by an eminent Geographer[1], that the Rivers
of England have never yet been delineated; the same observation may be
applied with equal truth, though still greater regret, with respect to
its Roads, which (on a large scale) yet remain to be illustrated; how
far the present work is likely to succeed in supplying the latter
deficiency, it will remain for the public to decide. It is an object the
Proprietor has long had in contemplation, and has thence been brought to
greater perfection from an attentive observation of circumstances
peculiarly connected with the subject, both in regard to the alteration
of old, and the formation of new Roads, which, by avoiding hills and
shortening distance, will be found to afford such facilities to
travelling as are alone to be experienced on this island: accurately to
delineate improvements so extensive, and which will in vain be sought in
any other publication, are the pages of this work devoted.
[1] Pinkerton.
To comment on the superiority of the method of delineation here adopted
were superfluous at the present time, when the Proprietor’s pretensions
may be decided by comparison with the performances of predecessors in a
similar course, and when indeed he feels confident of having thus far
accomplished an undertaking, which, whether as referring to originality
or execution, is considerably more entitled to attention than any known
production of its kind; combining means so ample and illustrative, the
Traveller is in possession of information nearly equal to a bird’s-eye
view of the country. The Seats of the Nobility and Gentry are faithfully
described, the names of their several Proprietors have been carefully
attended to, and the arrangement of the whole so constructed as to
render the work at once clear and comprehensive. Simplicity, joined to a
strict accuracy, has been his chief aim, and he is unconscious of having
omitted any thing which could have contributed to render the whole
complete.
TABLE OF ROUTES.
To simplify as much as possible, and to facilitate the understanding of
this work, the following =Table of Routes= is given; describing the page
at which the commencement of each Road will be found, and which, where
the same is not continued in a regular succession, will conduct, by
reference to the pages, the eye of the reader with the most perfect ease
to every place of consequence contained in the work.
LONDON to DOVER,--_pages_ 1 _to_ 10.
LONDON to MARGATE,--_pages_ 1 _to_ 8, _to_ =Canterbury=; thence to
Margate, _pages_ 11 _and_ 12.
LONDON to RAMSGATE,--_pages_ 1 _to_ 8, _to_ =Canterbury=; thence to
=Monkton=, where the Road turns off, _pages_ 11 _and_ 12; thence to
=Ramsgate=, _page_ 13.
LONDON to HASTINGS,--_pages_ 15 _to_ 22.
LONDON to CANTERBURY,--_pages_ 1 _to_ 8.
LONDON to TUNBRIDGE WELLS,--_pages_ 15 _to_ 18, _to_ =Tunbridge=;
thence to =Tunbridge Wells=, _page_ 14.
LONDON to PORTSMOUTH,--_pages_ 23 _to_ 32.
LONDON to CHICHESTER, by =Midhurst=,--_pages_ 23 _to_ 27, _to_
=Milford=; thence to =Chichester=, _pages_ 33 _to_ 36.
LONDON to CHICHESTER, by =Petworth=,--_pages_ 23 _to_ 27, _to_
=Milford=; thence to =Chichester=, _pages_ 37 _to_ 40.
LONDON to BOGNOR, by =Chichester=, (_to_ =Chichester= _as
above_)--thence to =Bognor=, _page_ 41.
LONDON to BOGNOR, by =Eartham=,--_to_ =Milford=, _pages_ 23 _to_ 27;
thence to =Benges Wood=, where the Road divides, _pages_ 37 _to_ 40;
thence to =Bognor=, by =Eartham=, _page_ 42.
LONDON to ARUNDEL,--_pages_ 23 _to_ 27, _to_ =Milford=; thence to
=Petworth=, _pages_ 37 _to_ 38; thence to =Arundel=, _pages_ 43 _and_
44.
LONDON to BRIGHTON, through =Sutton= and =Ryegate=,--_pages_ 45 _to_
51.
LONDON to BRIGHTON, through =Croydon=,--_pages_ 52 _to_ 54, to
=Ryegate=; thence to =Brighton=, _pages_ 47 _to_ 51.
LONDON to BRIGHTON, by =Lewes=,--to _Purley House_, _pages_ 52 _and_
53; thence to =Brighton=, _pages_ 55 _to_ 60.
LONDON to WORTHING,--_to_ =Tooting=, _page_ 45; thence to =Worthing=,
_pages_ 61 _to_ 67.
LONDON to SOUTHAMPTON, by =Basingstoke=,--_pages_ 69 _to_ 79.
LONDON to SOUTHAMPTON, through =Farnham=,--to the _Golden Farmer_,
_pages_ 69 _to_ 72; thence to =Winchester=, _pages_ 80 _to_ 84; thence
to =Southampton=, _pages_ 78 _and_ 79.
LONDON to POOLE, through =Romsey=,--_pages_ 69 _to_ 77, to
=Winchester=; thence to =Poole=, _pages_ 85 _to_ 90.
LONDON to POOLE, by =Southampton=, (_to_ =Southampton= _as
above_)--thence to the 82nd _Milestone_, _page_ 91; thence to =Poole=,
_page_ 87 _to_ 90.
LONDON to LYMINGTON, (_to_ =Southampton= _as above_)--thence to
=Totton=, _page_ 91; thence to =Lymington=, _pages_ 92 _and_ 93.
LONDON to CHRISTCHURCH,--_to_ =Winchester=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 77; thence
to =Ringwood=, _pages_ 85 _to_ 88; thence to =Christchurch=, _page_
94.
LONDON to GOSPORT,--_pages_ 69 _to_ 72, to the _Golden Farmer_; thence
to =Alton=, _pages_ 80 _to_ 82; thence to =Gosport=, _pages_ 95 _to_
98.
LONDON to EXETER, through =Andover=, =Salisbury=, =Blandford=, and
=Dorchester=,--_to_ =Basingstoke=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 75; thence to
=Exeter=, _pages_ 99 _to_ 116.
LONDON to PLYMOUTH and FALMOUTH, (_to_ =Exeter= _as above_)--thence to
=Plymouth=, _pages_ 117 _to_ 122; thence to =Falmouth=, _pages_ 123
_to_ 130.
LONDON to EXETER, through =Stockbridge=, =Salisbury=, and
=Shaftesbury=,--_to_ =Basingstoke=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 75; thence to
=Axminster=, _pages_ 131 _to_ 144; thence to =Exeter=, _pages_ 113
_to_ 116.
LONDON to FALMOUTH, through =Launceston=, (_to_ =Exeter= _as
above_)--thence to =Truro=, _pages_ 147 _to_ 158; thence to
=Falmouth=, _pages_ 129 _and_ 130.
LONDON to EXETER, through =Andover=, commonly called the New
Road,--_to_ =Basingstoke=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 75; thence to =Andover=,
_pages_ 99 _to_ 101; thence to =Honiton=, _pages_ 159 _to_ 170; thence
to =Exeter=, _pages_ 114 _to_ 116.
LONDON to WEYMOUTH,--_to_ =Basingstoke=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 75; thence to
=Dorchester=, _pages_ 99 _to_ 109; thence to =Weymouth=, _page_ 171.
LONDON to BRUTON,--_to_ =Basingstoke=, _pages_ 69 _to_ 75; thence to
=Andover=, _pages_ 99 _to_ 101; thence to the 98th _Milestone_ on the
Exeter Road, _pages_ 159 _to_ 163; thence to =Bruton=, _pages_ 172
_and_ 173.
LONDON to BATH and EXETER, by =Calne= and =Chippenham=,--_to_
=Hounslow=, _pages_ 69 _and_ 70; thence to =Bath= and =Exeter=,
_pages_ 174 _to_ 197.
LONDON to BATH and BRISTOL, by =Devizes=,--_to_ =Hounslow=, _pages_ 69
_and_ 70; thence to _Beckhampton Inn_, _pages_ 174 _to_ 184; thence to
=Bath= and =Bristol=, _pages_ 198 _to_ 203.
BATH to BRIGHTON, through =Warminster=, =Salisbury=, and
=Romsey=,--_pages_ 204 _to_ 219.
BATH to BRIGHTON, through =Salisbury= and =Southampton=,--_pages_ 204
_to_ 211, to =Romsey=; thence through =Southampton= to =Cosham=,
_pages_ 220 _to_ 223; thence to =Brighton=, _pages_ 214 _to_ 219.
* * * * *
_For the finding of any Place not contained in this Table see =General
Index= at the end._
[Illustration: 1 2
_Published by E. Mogg June 1^{st}. 1814._
_=London to Dover=_
measured from London Bridge.]
[Illustration: 3 4
_Published by E. Mogg June 1^{st}. 1814._
_=London to Dover=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 5 6
_Published by E. Mogg June 1^{st} 1814._
_=London to Dover=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 7 8
_Published by E. Mogg June 1^{st} 1814._
_=London to Dover=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 9 10
_=London to Dover=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 11 12
{N.B. _For the continuation of the Road from_ Canterbury _to_ London
_see Page 8_.}
_=London to Margate=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 13 14
{N.B. _For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Page 12_.}
London to Ramsgate
London to Tunbridge Wells
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 15 16
_=London to Hastings=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 17 18
_=London to Hastings=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 19 20
_=London to Hastings=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 21 22
_=London to Hastings=_
measured from London Bridge]
[Illustration: 23 24
_=London to Portsmouth=_]
[Illustration: 25 26
_=London to Portsmouth=_]
[Illustration: 27 28
_=London to Portsmouth=_]
[Illustration: 29 30
_=London to Portsmouth=_]
[Illustration: 31 32
_=London to Portsmouth=_]
[Illustration: 33 34
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Page 27_.}
London to Chichester by Midhurst.]
[Illustration: 35 36
London to Chichester by Midhurst.]
[Illustration: 37 38
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Page 27_.}
London to Chichester by Petworth.]
[Illustration: 39 40
London to Chichester by Petworth.]
[Illustration: 41 42
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Page 40_.}
London to Bognor by Chichester and by Eartham.]
[Illustration: 43 44
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Page 38_.}
_=London to Arundel=_]
[Illustration: 45 46
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from Westminster Bridge]
[Illustration: 47 48
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from Westminster Bridge]
[Illustration: 49 50
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from Westminster Bridge]
[Illustration: 51 52
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from Westminster Bridge
measur’d from the Standard in Cornhill]
[Illustration: 53 54
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from the Standard in Cornhill]
[Illustration: 55 56
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 53_.
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from the Standard in Cornhill.]
[Illustration: 57 58
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from the Standard in Cornhill.]
[Illustration: 59 60
_=London to Brighton=_
measured from the Standard in Cornhill.]
[Illustration: 61 62
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see Pa. 45_.
_=London to Worthing=_
measured from Westminster Bridge]
[Illustration: 63 64
_=London to Worthing=_
measured from Westminster Bridge]
[Illustration: 65 66
_=London to Worthing=_
measured from Westminster Bridge.]
[Illustration: 67 68
_=London to Worthing=_
measured from Westminster Bridge.]
[Illustration: 69 70
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 71 72
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 73 74
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 75 76
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 77 78
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 79 80
{_For the continuation of this Road to London, see page 72_.}
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 81 82
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 83 84
_=London to Southampton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 85 86
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see pa. 77. or 84._}
_=London to Poole=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 87 88
_=London to Poole=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 89 90
_=London to Poole=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 91 92
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see Pa. 79_.}
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see Pa. 91_.}
London to Poole, _contin^{d}._ Pa. 87.
London to Lymington.
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 93 94
London to Lymington.
{_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see Pa. 88_.}
Ringwood to Christchurch.
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 95 96
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see pa. 82_.
_=London to Gosport=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 97 98
_=London to Gosport=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 99 100
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London, _see pa. 75_.
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 101 102
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 103 104
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 105 106
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 107 108
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 109 110
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 111 112
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 113 114
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 115 116
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 117 118
_=London to Plymouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 119 120
_=London to Plymouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 121 122
_=London to Plymouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 123 124
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 125 126
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 127 128
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 129 130
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 131 132
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see pa. 75_.
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 133 134
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 135 136
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 137 138
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 139 140
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 141 142
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 143 144
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 145 146
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 147 148
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 116_.
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 149 150
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 151 152
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 153 154
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner.]
[Illustration: 155 156
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 157 158
_=London to Falmouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 159 160
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 101_.
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde park Corner]
[Illustration: 161 162
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 163
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 164 165
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 166 167
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 168 169
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 170 171
_=London to Exeter=_
_=London to Weymouth=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 172 173
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 163_.
_=London to Bruton=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 174 175
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 70_.
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 176 177
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 178 179
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 180 181
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 182 183
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 184 185
_=London to Bath=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 186 187
_=London to Bath and Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 188 189
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 190 191
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 192 193
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 194 195
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 196 197
_=London to Exeter=_
measured from Hyde Park Corner]
[Illustration: 198 199
_For the continuation of this Road to_ London _see Pa. 184_.
_=London to Bath | 1,409.945943 |
2023-11-16 18:40:33.9260640 | 180 | 9 |
Produced by Delphine Lettau, Jen Haines and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Transcriber's Note: where [oe] appears it represents the ligature oe
which cannot be represented in Latin-1 characters. [=a] represents
the letter A with a macron (bar) above.
"GRANNY'S CHAPTERS"
(ON SCRIPTURAL SUBJECTS)
BY
LADY MARY ROSS.
=THE NEW TESTAMENT=,
WITH A SKETCH OF THE SUBSEQUENT HISTORY OF THE JEWS.
_NEW EDITION._
LONDON:
HATCHARDS, PICCADILLY.
1882.
PREFACE TO VOLUME IV.
The New Testament has been treated in a manner somewhat different to
that adopted in regard to the Books of the Old Testament.
The object has been, | 1,409.946104 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.0306270 | 981 | 6 |
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Charles Franks and the
Online Distributed Proofreading Team.
THE BOBBSEY TWINS ON A HOUSEBOAT
BY
LAURA LEE HOPE
Author Of The "Bobbsey Twins," "The Outdoor Girls Of Deepdale," "The
Outdoor Girls In Florida," "The Moving Picture Girls," "The Moving
Picture Girls At Rocky Ranch," Etc.
ILLUSTRATED
BOOKS BY LAURA LEE HOPE
THE BOBBSEY TWINS SERIES
For Little Men and Women
THE BOBBSEY TWINS
THE BOBBSEY TWINS IN THE COUNTRY
THE BOBBSEY TWINS AT THE SEASHORE
THE BOBBSEY TWINS AT SCHOOL
THE BOBBSEY TWINS AT SNOW LODGE
THE BOBBSEY TWINS ON A HOUSEBOAT
THE BOBBSEY TWINS AT MEADOW BROOK
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS SERIES
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS AT OAK FARM
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS SNOWBOUND
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS UNDER THE PALMS
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS AT ROCKY RANCH
THE MOVING PICTURE GIRLS AT SEA
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS SERIES
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS OF DEEPDALE
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS AT RAINBOW LAKE
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS IN A MOTOR CAR
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS IN A WINTER CAMP
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS IN FLORIDA
THE OUTDOOR GIRLS AT OCEAN VIEW
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I. GOOD NEWS
II. SNAP SAVES FREDDIE
III. DINAH'S UPSET
IV. AT THE HOUSEBOAT
V. THE STRANGE BOY
VI. FREDDIE'S FIRE ENGINE
VII. THE TWO COUSINS
VIII. OFF IN THE "BLUEBIRD"
IX. SNOOP AND SNAP
X. DOWN THE CREEK
XI. THE MEAN MAN
XII. THE WIRE FENCE
XIII. THE RUNAWAY BOY
XIV. OFF AGAIN
XV. OVERBOARD
XVI. THE MISSING SANDWICHES
XVII. IN THE STORM
XVIII. STRANGE NOISES
XIX. SNAP'S QUEER ACTIONS
XX. AT THE WATERFALL
XXI. WHAT BERT SAW
XXII. THE STOWAWAY
CHAPTER I
GOOD NEWS
"What are you doing, Freddie?" asked Bert Bobbsey, leaning over to oil
the front wheel of his bicycle, while he glanced at his little
brother, who was tying strings about the neck of a large, handsome
dog.
"Making a harness," answered Freddie, not taking time to look up.
"A harness?" repeated Bert, with a little laugh. "How can you make a
harness out of bits of string?"
"I'm going to have straps, too," went on Freddie, keeping busily on
with his work. "Flossie has gone in after them. It's going to be a
fine, strong harness."
"Do you mean you are going to harness up Snap?" asked Bert, and he
stood his bicycle against the side of the house, and came over to
where Freddie sat near the big dog.
"Yes. Snap is going to be my horse," explained Freddie. "I'm going to
hitch him to my express wagon, and Flossie and I are going to have a
ride."
"Ha! Ha!" laughed Bert. "You won't get much of a ride with THAT
harness," and he looked at the thin cord which the small boy was
winding about the dog's neck.
"Why not?" asked Freddie, a little hurt at Bert's laughter. Freddie,
like all small boys, did not like to be laughed at.
"Why, Snap is so strong that he'll break that string in no time," said
Bert. "Besides--"
"Flossie's gone in for our booty straps, I tell you!" said Freddie.
"Then our harness will be strong enough. I'm only using string for
part of it. I wish she'd hurry up and come out!" and Freddie glanced
toward the house. But there was no sign of his little sister Flossie.
"Maybe she can't find them," suggested Bert. "You know what you and
Flossie do with your books and straps, when you come home from school | 1,410.050667 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.0623640 | 98 | 14 |
Produced by Jeannie Howse, R. Cedron, and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at DP Europe
http://dp.rastko.net
* * * * *
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Transcriber's Note: |
| |
| The author of this ebook makes unusual use of commas and |
| asterisks. |
| |
| The character a with a | 1,410.082404 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.0633200 | 257 | 43 |
Produced by Chris Curnow, Mary Akers and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
Transcriber's note:
This book was published in two volumes, of which this is the second.
The first volume was released as Project Gutenberg ebook #45394,
available at http:www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/45394. Italic text
has been marked with _underscores_. Please see the end of this
Project for further notes.
THE LIFE
OF
SIR HUMPHRY DAVY,
BART. LL.D.
LATE PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY, FOREIGN ASSOCIATE
OF THE ROYAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE,
&c. &c. &c.
BY
JOHN AYRTON PARIS, M.D. CANTAB. F.R.S. &c.
FELLOW OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. II.
LONDON:
HENRY COLBURN AND RICH | 1,410.08336 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.1631570 | 1,981 | 6 |
Produced by Charles Franks, Greg Weeks and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team. HTML version by Al Haines.
JAPANESE FAIRY TALES
COMPILED BY
YEI THEODORA OZAKI
Profusely Illustrated by Japanese Artists
TO
ELEANOR MARION-CRAWFORD.
I DEDICATE THIS BOOK TO YOU AND TO THE SWEET CHILD-FRIENDSHIP THAT YOU
GAVE ME IN THE DAYS SPENT WITH YOU BY THE SOUTHERN SEA, WHEN YOU USED
TO LISTEN WITH UNFEIGNED PLEASURE TO THESE FAIRY STORIES FROM FAR
JAPAN. MAY THEY NOW REMIND YOU OF MY CHANGELESS LOVE AND REMEMBRANCE.
Y. T. O.
Tokio, 1908.
PREFACE.
This collection of Japanese fairy tales is the outcome of a suggestion
made to me indirectly through a friend by Mr. Andrew Lang. They have
been translated from the modern version written by Sadanami Sanjin.
These stories are not literal translations, and though the Japanese
story and all quaint Japanese expressions have been faithfully
preserved, they have been told more with the view to interest young
readers of the West than the technical student of folk-lore.
Grateful acknowledgment is due to Mr. Y. Yasuoka, Miss Fusa Okamoto, my
brother Nobumori Ozaki, Dr. Yoshihiro Takaki, and Miss Kameko Yamao,
who have helped me with translations.
The story which I have named "The Story of the Man who did not Wish to
Die" is taken from a little book written a hundred years ago by one
Shinsui Tamenaga. It is named Chosei Furo, or "Longevity." "The
Bamboo-cutter and the Moon-child" is taken from the classic "Taketari
Monogatari," and is NOT classed by the Japanese among their fairy
tales, though it really belongs to this class of literature.
The pictures were drawn by Mr. Kakuzo Fujiyama, a Tokio artist.
In telling these stories in English I have followed my fancy in adding
such touches of local color or description as they seemed to need or as
pleased me, and in one or two instances I have gathered in an incident
from another version. At all times, among my friends, both young and
old, English or American, I have always found eager listeners to the
beautiful legends and fairy tales of Japan, and in telling them I have
also found that they were still unknown to the vast majority, and this
has encouraged me to write them for the children of the West.
Y. T. O.
Tokio, 1908.
CONTENTS.
MY LORD BAG OF RICE
THE TONGUE-CUT SPARROW
THE STORY OF URASHIMA TARO, THE FISHER LAD
THE FARMER AND THE BADGER
THE "shinansha," OR THE SOUTH POINTING CARRIAGE
THE ADVENTURES OF KINTARO, THE GOLDEN BOY
THE STORY OF PRINCESS HASE
THE STORY OF THE MAN WHO DID NOT WISH TO DIE
THE BAMBOO-CUTTER AND THE MOON-CHILD
THE MIRROR OF MATSUYAMA
THE GOBLIN OF ADACHIGAHARA
THE SAGACIOUS MONKEY AND THE BOAR
THE HAPPY HUNTER AND THE SKILLFUL FISHER
THE STORY OF THE OLD MAN WHO MADE WITHERED TREES TO FLOWER
THE JELLY FISH AND THE MONKEY
THE QUARREL OF THE MONKEY AND THE CRAB
THE WHITE HARE AND THE CROCODILES
THE STORY OF PRINCE YAMATO TAKE
MOMOTARO, OR THE STORY OF THE SON OF A PEACH
THE OGRE OF RASHOMON
HOW AN OLD MAN LOST HIS WEN
THE STONES OF FIVE COLORS AND THE EMPRESS JOKWA
JAPANESE FAIRY TALES.
MY LORD BAG OF RICE.
Long, long ago there lived, in Japan a brave warrior known to all as
Tawara Toda, or "My Lord Bag of Rice." His true name was Fujiwara
Hidesato, and there is a very interesting story of how he came to
change his name.
One day he sallied forth in search of adventures, for he had the nature
of a warrior and could not bear to be idle. So he buckled on his two
swords, took his huge bow, much taller than himself, in his hand, and
slinging his quiver on his back started out. He had not gone far when
he came to the bridge of Seta-no-Karashi spanning one end of the
beautiful Lake Biwa. No sooner had he set foot on the bridge than he
saw lying right across his path a huge serpent-dragon. Its body was so
big that it looked like the trunk of a large pine tree and it took up
the whole width of the bridge. One of its huge claws rested on the
parapet of one side of the bridge, while its tail lay right against the
other. The monster seemed to be asleep, and as it breathed, fire and
smoke came out of its nostrils.
At first Hidesato could not help feeling alarmed at the sight of this
horrible reptile lying in his path, for he must either turn back or
walk right over its body. He was a brave man, however, and putting
aside all fear went forward dauntlessly. Crunch, crunch! he stepped now
on the dragon's body, now between its coils, and without even one
glance backward he went on his way.
He had only gone a few steps when he heard some one calling him from
behind. On turning back he was much surprised to see that the monster
dragon had entirely disappeared and in its place was a strange-looking
man, who was bowing most ceremoniously to the ground. His red hair
streamed over his shoulders and was surmounted by a crown in the shape
of a dragon's head, and his sea-green dress was patterned with shells.
Hidesato knew at once that this was no ordinary mortal and he wondered
much at the strange occurrence. Where had the dragon gone in such a
short space of time? Or had it transformed itself into this man, and
what did the whole thing mean? While these thoughts passed through his
mind he had come up to the man on the bridge and now addressed him:
"Was it you that called me just now?"
"Yes, it was I," answered the man: "I have an earnest request to make
to you. Do you think you can grant it to me?"
"If it is in my power to do so I will," answered Hidesato, "but first
tell me who you are?"
"I am the Dragon King of the Lake, and my home is in these waters just
under this bridge."
"And what is it you have to ask of me?" said Hidesato.
"I want you to kill my mortal enemy the centipede, who lives on the
mountain beyond," and the Dragon King pointed to a high peak on the
opposite shore of the lake.
"I have lived now for many years in this lake and I have a large family
of children and grand-children. For some time past we have lived in
terror, for a monster centipede has discovered our home, and night
after night it comes and carries off one of my family. I am powerless
to save them. If it goes on much longer like this, not only shall I
lose all my children, but I myself must fall a victim to the monster. I
am, therefore, very unhappy, and in my extremity I determined to ask
the help of a human being. For many days with this intention I have
waited on the bridge in the shape of the horrible serpent-dragon that
you saw, in the hope that some strong brave man would come along. But
all who came this way, as soon as they saw me were terrified and ran
away as fast as they could. You are the first man I have found able to
look at me without fear, so I knew at once that you were a man of great
courage. I beg you to have pity upon me. Will you not help me and kill
my enemy the centipede?"
Hidesato felt very sorry for the Dragon King on hearing his story, and
readily promised to do what he could to help him. The warrior asked
where the centipede lived, so that he might attack the creature at
once. The Dragon King replied that its home was on the mountain Mikami,
but that as it came every night at a certain hour to the palace of the
lake, it would be better to wait till then. So Hidesato was conducted
to the palace of the Dragon King, under the bridge. Strange to say, as
he followed his host downwards the waters parted to let them pass, and
his clothes did not even feel damp as he passed through the flood.
Never had Hidesato seen anything so beautiful as this palace built of
white marble beneath the lake. He had often heard of the Sea King's
palace | 1,410.183197 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.1681290 | 12 | 48 |
Produced by Andrea Ball, Christine Bell & Marc | 1,410.188169 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.1688720 | 855 | 48 |
Produced by Chris Curnow, Wayne Hammond and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
REPTILES AND BIRDS.
[Illustration: HAWKING IN THE MIDDLE AGES.
_Frontispiece._]
REPTILES AND BIRDS.
A POPULAR ACCOUNT OF THEIR VARIOUS ORDERS,
WITH A DESCRIPTION OF
THE HABITS AND ECONOMY OF THE MOST INTERESTING.
BY LOUIS FIGUIER,
AUTHOR OF "THE WORLD BEFORE THE DELUGE," "THE VEGETABLE WORLD,"
"THE INSECT WORLD," ETC. ETC.
ILLUSTRATED WITH 307 WOODCUTS.
BY MM. A. MESNEL, A. DE NEUVILLE, AND E. RIOU.
Edited and Adapted by
PARKER GILLMORE
("UBIQUE").
NEW YORK: D. APPLETON AND CO.
1870.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY VIRTUE AND CO.,
CITY ROAD.
PREFACE.
In presenting to the public this English version of LOUIS FIGUIER'S
interesting work on Reptiles and Birds, I beg to state that where
alterations and additions have been made, my object has been that the
style and matter should be suited to the present state of general
knowledge, and that all classes should be able to obtain useful
information and amusement from the pages which I have now the honour and
pleasure of presenting to them.
On commencing my undertaking I was not aware of the immensity of the
labour to be done, and fear that I must have relinquished my arduous
task but for the kind encouragement of FRANK BUCKLAND, Esq., Inspector
of Salmon Fisheries, and HENRY LEE, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.S., &c., to both
of whom I take this opportunity of returning my sincere thanks.
PARKER GILLMORE
("UBIQUE").
_December, 1869._
CONTENTS.
REPTILES.
PAGE
INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER I.
AMPHIBIA, OR BATRACHIANS.
Structural Distinctions 8
Intelligence 13
Characteristics 15
Historical Antiquity 18
Distribution 19
Frogs 19
Habits of Life 21
Development of Young 22
Green 23
Common 23
Green Tree 24
Toads 25
Natterjack 26
Surinam 28
Land Salamanders 31
Spotted 32
Black 33
Aquatic Salamanders 33
Crested 34
Gigantic 34
Transformations and Reproduction 35
CHAPTER II.
OPHIDIAN REPTILES, OR TRUE SNAKES.
Snakes 38
Burrowing 42
Ground 43
Tree 43
Fresh-water 43
Sea 43
Innocuous 46
Blind 46
Shield-tail 47
Black 49
Rat 49
Ringed 49
Green and Yellow 52
Viperine 52
Desert 53
Whip 54
Blunt-heads 56
Boas 56
Diamond 59
Carpet 59
Rock 61
Natal Rock 61
Guinea Rock 61
Royal Rock 61
Aboma 62
Anaconda 65
Cobra | 1,410.188912 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.2255930 | 1,913 | 20 |
Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive)
[Transcriber's Note: Underscores are used as delimiter for _italics_]
The Girl Warriors
_A BOOK FOR GIRLS_
[Illustration]
By ADENE WILLIAMS
David C. Cook Publishing Company
ELGIN, ILL.; OR
36 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO.
Copyright, 1901.
By David C. Cook Publishing Company.
The Girl Warriors.
_A BOOK FOR GIRLS._
By ADENE WILLIAMS.
CHAPTER I.
THE BURTONS.
Winnifred Burton sat all alone in the pleasant sitting-room, curled up
in an easy-chair so large that her little figure was almost lost in its
great depths. The fire in the open grate burned brightly, sending out
little tongues of flame which made dancing shadows on the walls and
ceiling, and flashed ever and anon on the bright hair and face and dress
of the little girl sitting so quiet before it.
It was a dismal day near the close of January. Snow had been falling
steadily all day, and the window-sill was already piled so high with it
that by and by it would have to be brushed away in order to close the
shutters. But Winnifred was so absorbed in the book she was reading that
she knew nothing of all this. The book was a new edition of "The Giant
Killer; or, The Battle That All Must Fight." She was just reading how
the brave but tempted Fides lay in the dreadful Pit of Despair; of
how he had fallen back, bruised and bleeding, time after time, in his
endeavors to cut and climb his way out, before he found the little cord
of love which was strong enough to draw him out with scarcely an effort
of his own.
Twilight was fast closing in around the little reader, and all the
letters on the page were beginning to dance up and down. Impatiently
shaking herself, Winnifred slipped down from her chair, gave the fire
a little poke, and settled herself on the floor in front of it, holding
the book so that she could see to read by the flickering light. But she
had scarcely begun to do so, when the door opened. She gave a little
jump, and turned quite red in the face.
But it was only her little brother Ralph, who said: "'Innie, mamma says
if 'oo have 'oor lessons done, 'ou'se to come out and set the table for
supper."
Her lessons done! Winnie glanced at the pile of books lying on the
table by the window. Yes, there they all were--her geography, history,
grammar, arithmetic. When now would she have time to learn those
lessons? And she felt that she had been dishonest, too, because her
mother would perhaps have had something else for her to do, if she had
not supposed she was studying hard. However, there was no help for it
now, and with a rueful face she left the room.
Mrs. Burton was in the kitchen, so that Winnie escaped being questioned,
but just now she was taking herself to task, for she had a very guilty
conscience, and was wondering when she was going to begin fighting her
giants. She knew only too well what one of them was, and she knew
also that if she could not find time to learn those lessons, another
punishment beside the stings of her conscience would await her on the
morrow.
But presently her father and older brother came home; little Ralph ran
to get their slippers, while they took off their wet boots; supper was
put on the table, and they all sat down to the cheerful meal.
Mr. and Mrs. Burton had few rules for their household, but they had
one which was imperative: nothing but cheerful faces and cheerful
conversation was allowed at the table. Business or household worries
were kept for private conference, and the little griefs of the children
were not allowed to be mentioned.
Winnie soon forgot her anxiety in listening to the things that her
father and brother Jack were saying, and, as the talk was about
politics, and the tariff, and the state of the market, other little
girls may not be so interested as Winnie tried to make herself believe
that she was. So this will be a good time to describe them all, as they
sit at the table.
All of their acquaintances spoke of the Burtons as a very happy family,
and this opinion was undoubtedly correct, the reason for which will
appear later.
Mr. Burton is a tall, handsome, young-looking man, with brown eyes
having a merry twinkle in them; his eyebrows and moustache are dark and
heavy, and his firm mouth and chin show character and decision.
Mrs. Burton looks as young as her husband, and Winnie is always taken by
strangers to be her younger sister, which is a source of great delight
and comfort to the girl, as she is very proud of her dainty and stylish
mother. Mrs. Burton has soft brown hair, always prettily dressed; her
eyes are a deep, soft blue, shaded by long, curling lashes, and with
straight, delicate eyebrows above. Although she does much of the
household work, she manages, in some mysterious manner, to keep her
hands soft and white. Winnie sometimes steals up behind her mother and
puts her own little brown hands beside one of the soft white ones with
a little sigh--for she would like her own to be soft and white, too--but
more often with a merry laugh.
Eighteen-year-old Jack, except that he gives promise of attaining his
father's noble inches, is much like his mother. He had been intended for
one of the professions, but all of his talents and inclinations having
pointed to business, his father finally yielded the point of having him
go through college, and, upon his graduation from high-school the year
previous, took him into his own real estate office.
Winnie has eyes and hair like her father, but, in spite of her twelve
years, is so small and slight that she looks like a child of nine or
ten.
Four-year-old Ralph is the pet and beauty of the family. His hair
curls in loose rings all over his head. His hazel eyes have such large,
dilating pupils, and such a way of shining when anything is given him,
that his young aunts and uncles, together with Winnie and Jack, are
always giving him something for the pleasure of seeing his wondering
look.
"Well, my dear," said Mr. Burton to his wife, as they rose from the
table, "anything on the carpet for to-night?"
"Yes, if you don't think the weather too bad, I'd like to call on Mrs.
Brown after Ralph is put to bed."
"Winnie, I should like you to accompany Jack in one of his new violin
studies, while we are gone; but you must not forget that half past nine
is your bed-time."
[Illustration: "Now for the new music," Jack said.--See page 6.]
Poor Winnie! She dearly liked playing Jack's accompaniments, but the
unlearned lessons rose up before her, and she said, "Oh, mamma, I can't
to-night; I haven't done my lessons!"
"Well, Winnie, this has happened three or four times within the last
week. If several study bells in school and two hours in the afternoon
are not sufficient for you to keep up with your classes, I'd rather
you'd go back a year. I want you to be educated thoroughly, but I can't
have you 'crammed,' and you're too young to do studying at night."
"Mamma, that is time enough for me to do all my school work; but, like
the Little Women, I have something to ''fess,' and if you'll let
me study this time, I think that after this I'll get through in the
daytime."
"Very well; but remember, if this is of frequent occurrence, I'll have
to consult Mr. Bowen and see if you are overworked."
Jack and Mr. Burton had heard none of this conversation, having gone
into the sitting-room for a game of chess, and Mrs. Burton and Winnie
had remained in the dining-room.
Mrs. Burton went into the kitchen to give her orders for breakfast
to Norah, and Winnie returned to the sitting-room with a strong
determination to work so hard that she would make up for her
self-indulgence of the afternoon. But little Ralph came running up to
her with: "Now, 'Innie, tell me a story."
"Oh, Ralphie, Winnie can't to-night; see, she has to learn something out
of | 1,410.245633 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.2301800 | 1,609 | 21 |
Produced by David Edwards, Sue Fleming and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
Transcriber's Note. There were a number of printer's errors
within the text which have not been altered.
IT MAY BE TRUE.
A NOVEL.
IN THREE VOLUMES.
BY
MRS. WOOD.
VOL. III.
London:
T. CAUTLEY NEWBY, PUBLISHER,
30, WELBECK STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE,
1865.
[THE RIGHT OF TRANSLATION IS RESERVED.]
IT MAY BE TRUE.
CHAPTER I.
IS THERE A FATE IN IT?
"The grief of slighted love, suppress'd,
Scarce dull'd her eye, scarce heav'd her breast;
Or if a tear, she strove to check,
A truant tear stole down her neck,
It seem'd a drop that, from his bill,
The linnet casts, beside a rill,
Flirting his sweet and tiny shower
Upon a milk-white April flower:--
Or if a sigh, breathed soft and low,
Escaped her fragrant lips; e'en so
The zephyr will, in heat of day,
Between two rose leaves fan its way."
COLMAN.
Amy had been some three weeks at home, and as yet there had been no
improvement in Mrs. Neville's health to justify her daughter's return to
Brampton. There was the same lassitude, the same weariness. She would
lie on the sofa day after day, with no bodily ailment save that of
weakness, and an utter inability to get better, and apparently with no
wish to do so. She never complained, but was ever grateful and content.
It was as if life were waning away imperceptibly, and her spirits, which
had always bravely struggled through all her trials and sorrows, had at
last sunk never to rise again.
Amy seldom left her, but generally sat by her side, on a low footstool,
reading or working. Sometimes Mrs. Neville would lay her hand gently on
the fair masses of hair, and Amy, whose heart was very sorrowful, would
hold her head lower still so that her tears might fall unseen.
There was something peculiarly tender and very pitying in the way the
hand was placed on her head; at least Amy thought so, and strove more
than ever to be cheerful, lest her mother, who lay so silently watching
her, should guess at the secret grief in her heart which she was
striving so hard, and she trusted successfully, to overcome; while, as
yet, no word of it had passed between them. If Mrs. Neville thought her
daughter's spirits less joyous, or her manner more quiet, while her eyes
no longer flashed with their old bright expression, but at times drooped
sadly under their long lashes, she said nothing; and Amy, while obliged
sometimes to talk of her life at Brampton, never mentioned Charles's
name; yet in the solitude of her own room she sometimes thought of him,
and how as she had sat at one of the cross-stations, on her road from
Standale, awaiting the arrival of the train that was to take her on to
Ashleigh, she had seen Charles amongst the crowd hurrying into the one
bound for Brampton; while she, soon afterwards, was speeding along over
a part of the very way he had so recently travelled. Both had been
waiting some twenty minutes at the same station, and yet neither had
been near enough to speak, but had been as effectually separated as
though miles had divided them, instead of so many yards. Strange
fatality! which might have altered the future lives of both.
Yes, he had gone to Brampton the very morning she had left it: one half
hour later on her part, and they would have met. She was glad she had
not missed the train, and that they had not met. Glad that she was
absent from the park, and not obliged to see him day after day, or hear
the children talk, as they sometimes did, of their uncle.
Julia often wrote to Amy all the chit-chat of the park. How Charles
Linchmore had returned, and was often at Frances' side; and how the
latter's airs had become more intolerable in consequence. How Anne
snubbed Mr. Hall as much as ever; but was, in Julia's opinion, more
pleased with him, and more contented to put up with his grave reproofs
than she used to be; and how Julia thought it would be a match in the
end, and wondered what kind of a clergyman's wife she would make. And
lastly, that Mr. Vavasour had left the park.
Anne also wrote, but only once, and her letter was short; yet Amy read
it over and over again, until she knew the last few lines by heart, and
wondered what they meant; or whether they were hastily written, and had
no point or hidden meaning, but were simply penned and then forgotten,
as many things often were, that were said by Anne Bennet, in her quick
impulsiveness. "Come back, Miss Neville," she wrote, "we all want you
sadly. As for Charles, he is not himself, and will be lost!"
These were the words that troubled Amy, were ever at her heart all day,
and chased away sleep from her pillow, until her tired overwrought brain
relieved itself in silent, secret tears--tears far more painful than
passionate sobs. Those are at the surface, and soon over, they cure
grief by their very bitterness, and by the self-abandonment of the
sufferer; the others lie deeper and break the heart.
These words of Anne's, whether incautiously written or not, determined
Amy on not returning to Brampton, until Charles Linchmore's leave had
expired; and that, she knew, must be in another week or so. If Miss
Bennet meant he was fast losing his heart to Frances, and that Amy must
go back to wean him away, how little she knew of the pride of her
woman's nature. What! seek, or throw herself in the way of a man's love?
Scarcely wooed, be won? Amy shrank at the very idea. No, if her love was
worth having it was worth winning; and that,--not with the sternness of
man's nature, not by the force of his strong will, not by exciting her
jealousy with another, but by gentleness and kindness; and then her
heart reverted to Robert Vavasour, and she wished she could love him,
for had he not ever been kind to her? and gentle, very, even when she
had pained him most.
He had been very kind to her, there was no doubt about that, not only to
her, but for her sake to those most dear to her. At one time came some
beautiful hot-house grapes, at another some delicate game. Little Sarah
called them the gifts of the "good unknown."
The rail was open all the way to quiet Ashleigh now, and although the
place did not boast of a railway van or even porter, still the station
master always found some | 1,410.25022 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.2666540 | 117 | 6 |
Produced by Mark C. Orton, Keith Edkins and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
Transcriber's note: A few obvious typographical errors have been corrected:
they are listed at the end of the text.
In this edition line numbers are displayed on every tenth line--in the
printed work they were synchronised to the pagination, with sometimes only
one number per page. Lines marked = were printed AND COUNTED as two | 1,410.286694 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.2674500 | 97 | 8 |
Produced by Stephen Hutcheson
_Morning and Evening
Prayers
for All Days of the Week_
By
DR. JOHN HABERMANN.
Together With
_Confessional, Communion, and Other
Prayers and Hymns for Mornings
and Evenings, and
Other Occasions_
Done in English
By
EMIL H. RAUSCH.
| 1,410.28749 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.3255340 | 4,279 | 11 |
E-text prepared by Sean C. Sieger and Project Gutenberg Distributed
Proofreaders
THE ANTI-SLAVERY HARP:
A COLLECTION OF SONGS FOR ANTI-SLAVERY MEETINGS
COMPILED BY
WILLIAM W. BROWN,
A FUGITIVE SLAVE.
1848.
PREFACE.
The demand of the public for a cheap Anti-Slavery Song-Book,
containing Songs of a more recent composition, has induced me
to collect together, and present to the public, the songs contained
in this book.
In making this collection, however, I am indebted to the authors
of the "Liberty Minstrel," and "the Anti-Slavery Melodies,"
But the larger portion of these songs has never before been published;
some have never been in print.
To all true friends of the Slave, the Anti-Slavery Harp is
respectfully dedicated,
W. W. BROWN.
BOSTON, JUNE, 1848.
SONGS.
HAVE WE NOT ALL ONE FATHER?
AM I NOT A MAN AND BROTHER?
AIR--Bride's Farewell.
Am I not a man and brother?
Ought I not, then, to be free?
Sell me not one to another,
Take not thus my liberty.
Christ our Saviour, Christ our Saviour,
Died for me as well as thee.
Am I not a man and brother?
Have I not a soul to save?
Oh, do not my spirit smother,
Making me a wretched slave;
God of mercy, God of mercy,
Let me fill a freeman's grave!
Yes, thou art a man and brother,
Though thou long hast groaned a slave,
Bound with cruel cords and tether
From the cradle to the grave!
Yet the Saviour, yet the Saviour,
Bled and died all souls to save.
Yes, thou art a man and brother,
Though we long have told thee nay;
And are bound to aid each other,
All along our pilgrim way.
Come and welcome, come and welcome,
Join with us to praise and pray!
O, PITY THE SLAVE MOTHER.
AIR--Araby's Daughter.
I pity the slave mother, careworn and weary,
Who sighs as she presses her babe to her breast;
I lament her sad fate, all so hopeless and dreary,
I lament for her woes, and her wrongs unredressed.
O who can imagine her heart's deep emotion,
As she thinks of her children about to be sold;
You may picture the bounds of the rock-girdled ocean,
But the grief of that mother can never be known.
The mildew of slavery has blighted each blossom,
That ever has bloomed in her path-way below;
It has froze every fountain that gushed in her bosom,
And chilled her heart's verdure with pitiless woe;
Her parents, her kindred, all crushed by oppression;
Her husband still doomed in its desert to stay;
No arm to protect from the tyrant's aggression--
She must weep as she treads on her desolate way.
O, slave mother, hope! see--the nation is shaking!
The arm of the Lord is awake to thy wrong!
The slave-holder's heart now with terror is quaking,
Salvation and Mercy to Heaven belong!
Rejoice, O rejoice! for the child thou art rearing,
May one day lift up its unmanacled form,
While hope, to thy heart, like the rain-bow so cheering,
Is born, like the rain-bow,'mid tempest and storm.
THE BLIND SLAVE BOY.
AIR--Sweet Afton.
Come back to me, mother! why linger away
From thy poor little blind boy, the long weary day!
I mark every footstep, I list to each tone,
And wonder my mother should leave me alone!
There are voices of sorrow, and voices of glee,
But there's no one to joy or to sorrow with me;
For each hath of pleasure and trouble his share,
And none for the poor little blind boy will care.
My mother, come back to me! close to thy breast
Once more let thy poor little blind one be pressed;
Once more let me feel thy warm breath on my cheek,
And hear thee in accents of tenderness speak!
O mother! I've no one to love me--no heart
Can bear like thine own in my sorrows a part;
No hand is so gentle, no voice is so kind,
O! none like a mother can cherish the blind!
Poor blind one! No mother thy wailing can hear,
No mother can hasten to banish thy fear;
For the slave-owner drives her, o'er mountain and wild,
And for one paltry dollar hath sold thee, poor child!
Ah! who can in language of mortals reveal
The anguish that none but a mother can feel,
When man in his vile lust of mammon hath trod
On her child, who is stricken and smitten of God!
Blind, helpless, forsaken, with strangers alone,
She hears in her anguish his piteous moan,
As he eagerly listens--but listens in vain,
To catch the loved tones of his mother again!
The curse of the broken in spirit shall fall
On the wretch who hath mingled this wormwood and gall,
And his gain like a mildew shall blight and destroy,
Who hath torn from his mother the little blind boy!
YE SONS OF FREEMEN.
AIR--Marseilles Hymn.
Ye sons of freemen wake to sadness,
Hark! hark, what myriads bid you rise;
Three millions of our race in madness
Break out in wails, in bitter cries,
Break out in wails, in bitter cries,
Must men whose hearts now bleed with anguish,
Yes, trembling slaves in freedom's land,
Endure the lash, nor raise a hand?
Must nature 'neath the whip-cord languish?
Have pity on the slave,
Take courage from God's word;
Pray on, pray on, all hearts resolved--these captives shall be free.
The fearful storm--it threatens lowering,
Which God in mercy long delays;
Slaves yet may see their masters cowering,
While whole plantations smoke and blaze!
While whole plantations smoke and blaze;
And we may now prevent the ruin,
Ere lawless force with guilty stride
Shall scatter vengeance far and wide--
With untold crimes their hands imbruing.
Have pity on the slave;
Take courage from God's word;
Pray on, pray on, all hearts resolved--these captives shall be free.
With luxury and wealth surrounded,
The southern masters proudly dare,
With thirst of gold and power unbounded,
To mete and vend God's light and air!
To mete and vend God's light and air;
Like beasts of burden, slaves are loaded,
Till life's poor toilsome day is o'er;
While they in vain for right implore;
And shall they longer still be goaded?
Have pity on the slave;
Take courage from God's word;
Toil on, toil on, all hearts resolved--these captives shall be free.
O Liberty! can man e'er bind thee?
Can overseers quench thy flame?
Can dungeons, bolts, or bars confine thee,
Or threats thy Heaven-born spirit tame?
Or threats thy Heaven-born spirit tame?
Too long the slave has groaned, bewailing
The power these heartless tyrants wield;
Yet free them not by sword or shield,
For with men's hearts they're unavailing;
Have pity on the slave;
Take courage from God's word;
Toil on! toil on! all hearts resolved--these captives shall be free!
FREEDOM'S STAR.
AIR--Silver Moon.
As I strayed from my cot at the close of the day,
I turned my fond gaze to the sky;
I beheld all the stars as so sweetly they lay,
And but one fixed my heart or my eye.
Shine on, northern star, thou'rt beautiful and bright
To the slave on his journey afar;
For he speeds from his foes in the darkness of night,
Guided on by thy light, freedom's star.
On thee he depends when he threads the dark woods
Ere the bloodhounds have hunted him back;
Thou leadest him on over mountains and floods,
With thy beams shining full on his track.
Shine on, &c.
Unwelcome to him is the bright orb of day,
As it glides o'er the earth and the sea;
He seeks then to hide like a wild beast of prey,
But with hope, rests his heart upon thee.
Shine on, &c.
May never a cloud overshadow thy face,
While the slave flies before his pursuer;
Gleam steadily on to the end of his race,
Till his body and soul are secure.
Shine on, &c.
THE LIBERTY BALL.
AIR--Rosin the Bow.
Come all ye true friends of the nation,
Attend to humanity's call;
Come aid the poor slave's liberation,
And roll on the liberty ball--
And roll on the liberty ball--
Come aid the poor slave's liberation,
And roll on the liberty ball.
The Liberty hosts are advancing--
For freedom to _all_ they declare;
The down-trodden millions are sighing--
Come, break up our gloom of despair.
Come break up our gloom of despair, &c.
Ye Democrats, come to the rescue,
And aid on the liberty cause,
And millions will rise up and bless you,
With heart-cheering songs of applause,
With heart-cheering songs, &c.
Ye Whigs, forsake slavery's minions,
And boldly step into our ranks;
We care not for party opinions,
But invite all the friends of the banks,--
And invite all the friends of the banks, &c,
And when we have formed the blest union
We'll firmly march on, one and all--
We'll sing when we meet in communion,
And _roll on_ the liberty ball,
And roll on the liberty ball, dec.
EMANCIPATION HYMN OF THE WEST INDIAN <DW64>s.
FOR THE FIRST OF AUGUST CELEBRATION.
Praise we the Lord! let songs resound
To earth's remotest shore!
Songs of thanksgiving, songs of praise--
For we are slaves no more.
Praise we the Lord! His power hath rent
The chains that held us long!
His voice is mighty, as of old,
And still His arm is strong.
Praise we the Lord! His wrath arose,
His arm our fetters broke;
The tyrant dropped the lash, and we
To liberty awoke!
Praise we the Lord! let holy songs
Rise from these happy isles!--
O! let us not unworthy prove,
On whom His bounty smiles.
And cease we not the fight of faith
Till all mankind be free;
Till mercy o'er the earth shall flow,
As waters o'er the sea.
Then shall indeed Messiah's reign
Through all the world extend;
Then swords to ploughshares shall be turned,
And Heaven with earth shall blend.
OVER THE MOUNTAIN.
Over the mountain, and over the moor,
Hungry and weary I wander forlorn;
My father is dead, and my mother is poor,
And she grieves for the days that will never return;
Give me some food for my mother in charity;
Give me some food and then I will be gone.
Pity, kind gentlemen, friends of humanity,
Cold blows the wind and the night's coming on.
Call me not indolent beggar and bold enough,
Fain would I learn both to knit and to sew;
I've two little brothers at home, when they're old enough,
They will work hard for the gifts you bestow;
Pity, kind gentlemen, friends of humanity.
Cold blows the wind, and the night's coming on;
Give me some food for my mother in charity,
Give me some food, and then I will begone.
JUBILEE SONG.
Air--Away the Bowl.
Our grateful hearts with joy o'erflow,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
We hail the Despot's overthrow,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
No more he'll raise the gory lash,
And sink it deep in human flesh,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra, Hurra
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra.
We raise the song in Freedom's name,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Her glorious triumph we proclaim,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Beneath her feet lie Slavery's chains,
Their power to curse no more remains,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra.
With joy we'll make the air resound,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
That all may hear the gladsome sound,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
We glory at Oppression's fall,
The Slave has burst his deadly thrall,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra.
In mirthful glee we'll dance and sing,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
With shouts we'll make the welkin ring,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Shout! shout aloud! the bondsman's free!
This, this is Freedom's jubilee!
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra, Hurra,
Hurra, Hurra, Hurra.
SPIRIT OF FREEMEN, WAKE.
AIR--America.
Spirit of Freemen, wake;
No truce with Slavery make,
Thy deadly foe;
In fair disguises dressed,
Too long hast thou caress'd
The serpent in thy breast,
Now lay him low.
Must e'en the press be dumb?
Must truth itself succumb?
And thoughts be mute?
Shall law be set aside,
The right of prayer denied,
Nature and God decried,
And man called brute?
What lover of her fame
Feels not his country's shame,
In this dark hour?
Where are the patriots now,
Of honest heart and brow,
Who scorn the neck to bow
To Slavery's power?
Sons of the Free! we call
On you, in field and hall,
To rise as one;
Your heaven-born rights maintain,
Nor let Oppression's chain
On human limbs remain;--
Speak! and 't is done.
THE SLAVE'S LAMENTATION.
AIR--Long, long ago.
Where are the friends that to me were so dear,
Long, long ago--long ago!
Where are the hopes that my heart used to cheer?
Long, long ago--long ago!
I am degraded, for man was my foe,
Friends that I loved in the grave are laid low,
All hope of freedom hath fled from me now,
Long, long ago--long, long ago!
Sadly my wife bowed her beautiful head--
Long, long ago--long ago!
O, how I wept when I found she was dead!
Long, long ago--long ago!
She was my angel, my love and pride--
Vainly to save her from torture I tried,
Poor broken heart! She rejoiced as she died,
Long, long ago--long, long ago!
Let me look back on the days of my youth--
Long, long ago--long ago!
Master withheld from me knowledge and truth--
Long, long ago--long ago!
Crushed all the hopes of my earliest day,
Sent me from father and mother away--
Forbade me to read, nor allowed me to pray--
Long, long ago--long, long ago!
FLIGHT OF THE BONDMAN.
DEDICATED TO WILLIAM W. BROWN
_And Sung by the Hutchinsons_
BY ELIAS SMITH.
AIR--Silver Moon.
From the crack of the rifle and baying of hound,
Takes the poor panting bondman his flight;
His couch through the day is the cold damp ground,
But northward he runs through the night.
Chorus.
O, God speed the flight of the desolate slave,
Let his heart never yield to despair;
There is room '<DW41> our hills for the true and the brave,
Let his lungs breathe our free northern air!
O, sweet to the storm-driven sailor the light,
Streaming far o'er the dark swelling wave;
But sweeter by far '<DW41> the lights of the night,
Is the star of the north to the slave.
O, God speed, &c.
Cold and bleak are our mountains and chilling our winds,
But warm as the soft southern gales
Be the hands and the hearts which the hunted one finds,
'<DW41> our hills and our own winter vales.
O, God speed, &c.
Then list to the 'plaint of the heart-broken thrall,
Ye blood-hounds, go back to your lair;
May a free northern soil soon give freedom to _all_,
Who shall breathe in its pure mountain air.
O, God speed, &c.
THE SWEETS OF LIBERTY.
AIR--Is there a heart, &c.
Is there a man that never sighed
To set the prisoner free?
Is there a man that never prized
The sweets of liberty?
Then let him, let him breathe unseen,
Or in a dungeon live;
Nor never, never know the sweets
That liberty can give.
Is there a heart so cold in man,
Can galling fetters crave?
Is there a wretch so truly low,
Can stoop to be a slave?
O, let him, then, in chains be bound,
In chains and bondage live;
Nor never, never know the sweets
That liberty can give.
Is there a breast so chilled in life,
Can nurse the coward's sigh?
Is there a creature so debased,
Would not for freedom die?
O, let him then be doomed to crawl
Where only reptiles live;
Nor never, never know the sweets
That liberty can give.
YE SPIRITS OF THE FREE.
AIR--My Faith looks up to thee.
Ye spirits of the free,
Can ye forever see
Your brother man
A yoked and scourged slave,
Chains dragging to his grave,
And raise no hand to save?
Say if you can.
In pride and pomp to roll,
Shall tyrants from the soul
God's image tear,
And call the wreck their own,--
While, from the eternal throne,
They shut the stifled groan
And bitter prayer?
Shall he a slave be bound,
Whom God hath doubly crowned
Creation's lord?
Shall men of Christian name,
Without a blush of shame,
Profess their tyrant claim
From God's own word?
No! at the battle cry,
A host prepared to die,
Shall arm for fight--
But not with martial steel,
Grasped with a murderous zeal;
No arms their foes shall feel,
But love and light.
Firm on Jehovah's laws,
Strong in their righteous cause,
They march to save.
And vain the tyrant's mail,
Against their battle-hail,
Till cease the woe and wail
Of tortured slave!
COLONIZATION SONG.
TO THE FREE <DW52> PEOPLE.
AIR--Spider and the fly.
Will you, will you be colonized?
Will you, will you be colonized?
'Tis a land that with honey
And milk doth abound,
Where the lash is not heard,
And the scourge is not found.
Chorus, Will you, &c.
If you stay in this land
Where the white man has rule,
You will starve by his hand,
In both body and soul | 1,410.345574 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.3671870 | 4,467 | 15 |
Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Haragos Pál and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
THE BROCHURE SERIES
The Petit Trianon: Versailles
English Carved Fireplaces
APRIL, 1900
[Illustration: PLATE XXVII CHATEAU, PETIT TRIANON]
THE
BROCHURE SERIES
OF ARCHITECTURAL ILLUSTRATION.
1900. APRIL No. 4.
THE PETIT TRIANON: VERSAILLES.
During the first years of his reign, Louis the XIV. of France resided,
as his predecessors had, at St. Germain in summer; but for some
reason--it is alleged that it was because the windows of the palace
commanded a view of St. Denis, the royal mausoleum--he conceived
a dislike to it, and resolved to build another summer palace for
himself at some spot not far from Paris. Why he chose Versailles is
incomprehensible.
Whatever may have been the motive, however, he decided to erect upon
this desolate, waterless and uninhabited site a vast palace to be
surrounded by a park.
The cost of accomplishing this project was fearful, not in money
alone (although this was more than one thousand million francs), but
in human life. In 1681 twenty-two thousand soldiers and six thousand
horses were employed on the work, and so unhealthy was the site that
the workmen died by thousands. Writing in 1767, Madame de Sévigné says:
"The King is in haste that Versailles should be finished; but it would
seem that God is unwilling. It is almost impossible to continue the
work owing to the fearful mortality among the workmen. The corpses are
fetched away by cartfuls during the night,--night being chosen that
they who still live may not be terrified into revolt by the sight." But
no difficulty, nor the pestilence, nor the ruin of the treasury was
allowed to interfere with the King's pleasure. The palace rose; the
stately gardens, peopled with statues, spread about it; and a royal
city sprang up where before had been only a desolate forest; and,
after 1682, Versailles became the permanent headquarters of the Court.
In the immense park, some three-quarters of a mile northwest from the
terraces of the palace, Louis XIV. built a little palace to gratify
Madame de Maintenon, which, from the fact that it stood on the site of
the parish of Trianon, which was demolished to make a site for it, and
because its façade was ornamented with porcelain plaques of blue and
white faience ware, was called the "Trianon de Porcelaine"; but in 1687
Louis, who had as Saint-Simon said, "a rage for building," demolished
this frail structure and replaced it with another, designed by Mansart,
which we now know as the "Grand Trianon." This building was the King's
delight for a few years, but after 1700 he wearied of the plaything,
and turned all his attention to his new château at Marly.
[Illustration: PLATE XXVIII "GROTTO" AND "BELVEDERE," PETIT TRIANON]
During the Regency the Trianon was almost abandoned; but when, under
Louis XV., the Court returned to Versailles, the building became a
favorite refuge for the King; and he later gave it to his mistress,
Madame de Pompadour, for her own. She, being at her wits' end to devise
some new scheme to distract the daily increasing melancholy of the
King, hit upon the expedient of establishing in the grounds which were
attached to the Grand Trianon, a real practical dairy and farm; and
for that purpose imported from Holland a herd of fine cows, and
collected a number of rare varieties of hens and pigeons, which Louis
amused himself for some time in breeding. But in 1754 the royal caprice
again changed, and Louis abolished the farm, and made the land into a
botanical garden. Here he established conservatories for raising fruits
out of their natural seasons, and collected a great number of exotic
trees and shrubs of every variety and species. Taking great delight
in this garden, which was some distance from the Grand Trianon, he
conceived the notion of building in the midst of it a still smaller
château, modelled upon the Grand Trianon as that itself had been a
miniature of Versailles. This château, the Little Trianon, was erected
in 1766 by the royal architect, Gabriel, and was given by the King to
the mistress who had succeeded Madame du Pompadour in his favor, Madame
Du Barry. It was while staying at the Petit Trianon that Louis was
attacked by the small-pox, of which he died.
[Illustration: "TEMPLE OF LOVE" PETIT TRIANON]
The château of the Petit Trianon is an interesting building,
architecturally, marking, as it does, the transition stage between
the styles of Louis XV. and Louis XVI.--a return to purer classical
traditions. The façade is ornamented by a portico with four detached
Corinthian columns, and the whole is surmounted by a balustrade. The
reception and billiard rooms occupied the first floor, while the second
was occupied by the private apartments.
While Marie Antoinette was still the Dauphine, she had often expressed
a desire to have a château, apart from the palace, for her own, where,
free from the intolerable restraints of Court etiquette, she might
amuse herself as she chose; and shortly after his accession to the
throne, Louis XVI. is said to have presented her with the Trianons with
the words, "They have always belonged to the King's favorites, and
should therefore now be yours." The Queen answered laughingly that she
would gladly accept the Little Trianon, but only upon the condition
that it should be unreservedly her own, and that even the King should
come there only upon her express invitation.
[Illustration: PLATE XXIX "QUEEN'S HOUSE" AND "BILLIARD HALL,"
PETIT TRIANON]
Marie Antoinette's first wish, after becoming mistress of her new
domain, was to establish there a garden after the English style. The
rage for the English garden had just then seized French society, for
it was believed to be a return to Nature--Nature which Rousseau
just then had made it the fashion to adore, and the nobility were all
for playing at rusticity, and full of sentimental admiration for the
country.
The King humored the whim, and gave orders that the gardens already
existing at the Trianon should be remodelled, that the strip of land
joining it should be added, and the whole surrounded with a wall, and
the work pushed as rapidly as possible.
The plans for the English garden were drawn by Comte de Caraman, an
officer who had already arranged such a garden in connection with his
own residence, and this garden the Queen had visited. In 1775 the new
royal architect, Mique, seconded by the painter, Hubert Robert, the
sculptor, Deschamps, and the landscape gardener, Antoine Richard,
joined in working out the plans of the Comte de Caraman, and created an
English garden after the Queen's fancy. Unhappily, however, in order
to create this new garden it became necessary to destroy a large part
of the botanical garden which had before existed; but many of the fine
exotic trees were employed in working out the new design, and these
trees still remain the finest ornaments of the park.
The plan for the English garden was comprised as follows: In the
more formal portions of the grounds near the château an artificial
grotto and a "Belvedere," and, shadowed by overhanging trees, a little
"Temple de l'Amour." Separated from these classical constructions by an
artificial lake, bordered with rustic paths and intended to represent a
bit of natural country, was erected a picturesque miniature hamlet of
nine or ten rustic cottages in which the court ladies, under the lead
of the Queen, might play at peasant life.
The grotto was a work of some elaboration, and it was said that
no less than seven relief models of it were made before the Queen
expressed herself as satisfied with the design. It is an arrangement
of artificial rocks covered with moss, through which flows the outlet
stream of the little lake. It was at one time proposed, after the then
fashion in English gardening, to build on the top of the grotto a
picturesquely contrived ruin, but this project was abandoned.
Near the grotto stands the Belvedere--a coquettish little octagonal
pavilion set on a stone platform. Four windows and four doors are set
alternately in its eight surfaces, and a balustrade surrounds the domed
roof. The interior was ornamented in delicately frescoed stucco.
The Temple of Love consists of twelve Corinthian columns supporting a
cupola. The pavement is of white blue-veined marble. In the centre is
a carved pedestal on which stands a statue of Cupid drawing his bow,
modelled by Bouchardon.
[Illustration: MANTELPIECE RESTORATION HOUSE, ROCHESTER]
The most picturesque feature of the garden was, however, the village or
hamlet, and it is here the life of the Trianon centered in the time of
the Queen.
The houses with which the hamlet was comprised were situated on the
farther shore of a small artificial lake; and were divided into two
groups separated by a running stream. The first group was made up of
the "Queen's House" and its connected "Billiard Hall," and the "Mill":
the second originally comprised five buildings;--a "Gardener's Lodge,"
a "Poultry House," a tower, called "Marlborough's Tower" with a "Dairy"
attached to it, and, at some distance from these, a "Farm House" with
its dependencies.
We have preferred in the description to adhere to the names by which
these buildings were originally called rather than to adopt the more
fanciful nomenclature given to them later by an imaginative German,
Dr. Meyer, who visited France in 1796 and who invented the story that
the Queen, playing at rural life, had entrusted the King with the
rôle of the farmer, while she became the farmer's wife and the Count
d'Artois the huntsman, the Comte de Provence the miller, and the
Cardinal de Rohan the curé of this tiny community. In accordance with
this unfounded tale the Queen's house has been nicknamed the "Maison du
Seigneur," the poultry house the "Presbytère" and so forth,--and these
nicknames have clung to them ever since.
[Illustration: PLATE XXX "QUEEN'S HOUSE," PETIT TRIANON]
The simplicity of the buildings of the hamlet makes it unnecessary
to describe them in detail. They were erected during the years 1783,
1784 and 1785 from designs by the architect Mique. The exteriors were
covered with stucco to represent old brick, weather-worn stone and
worm-eaten wood, and all of them, with the exception of the "Queen's
House" which was partly covered with tiles, were roofed with thatch.
The "Queen's House" and "Billiard Hall" were connected by a rustic
gallery, painted olive-green. The former contained a dining-room and
some private apartments. The "Billiard Hall," as its name implies, was
mainly occupied by a billiard room over which were sleeping chambers.
[Illustration: MANTELPIECE STANDISH HALL]
The "Mill" was at one time furnished with a mill-wheel and actually
and practically used to grind grain for the inhabitants of the
tiny village. The "Gardener's House" has been demolished. The
"Poultry-House" was at one time used for the care of fowls and pigeons
of which the Queen had a large number.
[Illustration: PLATE XXXI "DAIRY" AND "MARLBOROUGH'S TOWER,"
PETIT TRIANON]
As we have said, an almost indispensable feature of the English garden
of this time was an artificial ruin; but although many models were
made for the erection of such a ruin at the Petit-Trianon, none was
ever erected. As a substitute however, a round tower was built, and in
honor of the original the "Chanson de Marlborough," with its simple and
plaintive air, which had just then been revived in popular favor, was
named "Marlborough's Tower." It is probable that the building was
supposed to suggest that tower from which Marlborough's widow saw the
page "_tout de noir habillé_" who came to tell her of her husband's
death. The tower ascended by an exterior staircase, and at the top was
a circular balcony from which a view of the whole domain was visible,
and from which signals might be exchanged with the palace at Versailles.
[Illustration: MANTELPIECE MONTACUTE HOUSE]
The tower was connected by a passage with the "Dairy,"--an actual and
practical creamery on a small scale, in which the Queen and her ladies
played at making butter and cheese. The walls and floor were tiled with
marble, and the tables on which the pans and utensils--all of decorated
porcelain--were set out were also of marble. A running stream of water
was conducted through the dairy to keep it cool.
The "Farm" buildings comprised a group of constructions, in which the
farmer lodged, and in which were stables for cows of which the Queen
had a splendid Swiss herd.
The completed gardens of the Little Trianon excited the most lively
praise. The poet, Chevalier Bertin, dedicated a whole elegy to them;
the Prince de Ligne wrote, "Here truly one may breathe air of happiness
and liberty. One might believe one's self a hundred leagues from the
Court." The village presented a real aspect of a rural hamlet. Indeed
the Queen had under her eyes a living picture of the country, whence
she could see the cows grazing, peasants laboring in the fields, the
cultivation of gardens, the pruning of trees, the cows coming to drink
at the lake, the washwomen washing their clothes at the stream which
flowed from the mill, and the little mill itself, grinding grain for
the inhabitants of this miniature village.
It was at this Trianon that Marie Antoinette spent her happiest
days. "The Queen," writes Madam Campan, "spent sometimes an entire
month together at the Little Trianon, where she had established
her pianoforte and tapestry frames." There were but few apartments
in the château of the Little Trianon and although Madame Elizabeth
usually accompanied the Queen here, the ladies of honor could not be
accommodated, and unless by special invitation from the Queen it was
the rule to come from Versailles only at the dinner hour. The King and
the Princess came regularly to sup. A white muslin and a straw hat was
the accustomed dress of the princesses, and the pleasure of running
about the little village to see the cows milked and to fish in the
lake, enchanted the Queen, and with every successive year she showed
less inclination for the stiff etiquette of the Court.
Here on the 5th of October, the news was brought her of the arrival at
the Court of the crowd of women from Paris, and she was forced to go
immediately to Versailles to meet them, never again to see her little
domain.
[Illustration: PLATE XXXII "THE MILL," PETIT TRIANON]
English Carved Fireplaces
In adopting the Renaissance style as a motive in interior decoration,
England lagged behind the Continental nations. Such English mansions
and furniture as remained after the Wars of the Roses were all of the
Gothic type; and with no other models available, it was but natural
that the first efforts of English workmen, after art began to revive,
should be Gothic in feeling. Moreover, for a long time most of the
carved wood-work and furniture in the new style with which England was
supplied, was imported from Holland, and it is in some measure to Dutch
example that the heavy character of the Elizabethan style in furniture
and carving must be attributed.
The style was, therefore, neither Classic nor Gothic, but a mixture of
the two, tinged with Dutch and Flemish influence; and yet, mongrel as
it was, it had an individuality of its own--a certain, royal, dignified
and stately charm.
The first distinguishing feature of Elizabethan ornamental carving
is "strap-work," a term which exactly describes this elaborate
tracery,--an imitation of straps and buckles, varied sufficiently to
atone for the meagreness of the type, and relying for its decorative
value upon its repetition and symmetry. There are many rooms in old
English houses where this strap-decoration is carried out with so
delicate and fanciful a use of the interlacing line as to be nearly as
satisfying as the Saracenic work of the same type; but it is, after
all, nothing but a play of line, and, while allowing the greatest
scope to the individuality of the artist, requires genius to properly
develop it. Too frequently it is but the merest medley of uninteresting
sequences; and when the shield-work (and pierced shield-work at that)
was superadded, it sometimes became mere confusion.
[Illustration: MANTELPIECE STOKESAY CASTLE]
Another distinguishing motive of shield-work,--the cartouch--is simply
what its name implies, the representation of the armorial shield with
its supports. The supports were pierced in every conceivable manner
with circles, lozenges, crescents and all sorts of openings.
"The Elizabethan, pure and simple," writes Mrs. Spofford, "has this
strap-work sometimes finished off with slight scrolls--'foliages,' the
Italians called them--and associated with some classical ideas not yet
very exclusively or carefully managed; straps appearing well riveted to
the middle of classic ornaments, and antique shapes rising, from the
curious Renaissance pilaster, which was neither a vase nor a pilaster,
in truth, broken as it is half way by the rising shape, like those
of the Termae, with which the ancients made their boundaries sacred,
smaller at the base than anywhere else, and bearing straps, arabesques
and rosettes on its face."
You will sometimes find an Elizabethan chimney-piece, the fluted and
channelled columns, and the entablature of which are almost quite pure
in style, and yet, almost invariably, somewhere about their length
strap-ornament is sure to be introduced.
[Illustration: PLATE XXXIII "FARM HOUSE," PETIT TRIANON]
With the accession of James I. to the English throne a new influx
of foreign influence made fresh havoc with such Gothic as remained.
The shield, which, through a preference for the strap had been but
sparsely used in the preceding reign, came now to be the centre of all
decoration, and was lavished everywhere in a wild whirl of flourishing
curves, together with the previously common straps and buckles
and general tackle of war. Its universal use gave a somewhat less
interesting air to the decoration than when the purer interlacing of
the strap, with but here and there the convolutions of the shield,
supplied its place.
[Illustration: MANTELPIECE WRAXHALL MANOR]
But the Jacobean by no means contented itself with this simpler form
of the Renaissance. In other characteristics it tended more and more
to the Classic, though never arriving at purity. In construction, the
horizontal of the antique mingled with the vertical of the mediæval,
and a volute upheld the pointed arch; in ornament, the Tudor leaf with | 1,410.387227 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.3689120 | 1,774 | 27 |
Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreaders at
http://www.fadedpage.net
[Illustration: With eye and ear alert the man paddles silently on. (_See
page 105._)]
_THE STORY OF THE WEST SERIES_
_EDITED BY RIPLEY HITCHCOCK_
THE STORY OF THE TRAPPER
* * * * *
The Story of the West Series.
EDITED BY RIPLEY HITCHCOCK.
Each Illustrated, 12mo, Cloth.
+The Story of the Railroad.+
By CY WARMAN, Author of "The Express Messenger." $1.50.
+The Story of the Cowboy.+
By E. HOUGH. Illustrated by William L. Wells and C. M. Russell. $1.50.
+The Story of the Mine.+
Illustrated by the Great Comstock Lode of Nevada.
By CHARLES HOWARD SHINN. $1.50.
+The Story of the Indian.+
By GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, Author of "Pawnee Hero Stories," "Blackfoot
Lodge Tales," etc. $1.50.
+The Story of the Soldier.+
By Brevet Brigadier-General GEORGE A. FORSYTH, U. S. A. (retired).
Illustrated by R. F. Zogbaum. $1.50.
+The Story of the Trapper.+
By A. C. LAUT, Author of "Heralds of Empire." Illustrated by Hemment.
$1.25 net; postage, 12 cents additional.
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.
* * * * *
THE STORY
OF THE TRAPPER
BY
A. C. LAUT
AUTHOR OF HERALDS OF EMPIRE
AND LORDS OF THE NORTH
_ILLUSTRATED BY ARTHUR HEMING
AND OTHERS_
[Illustration]
NEW YORK AND LONDON
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
1916
COPYRIGHT, 1902
BY D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
Printed in the United States of America
* * * * *
TO ALL WHO KNOW
THE GIPSY YEARNING FOR THE WILDS
* * * * *
EDITOR'S PREFACE
The picturesque figure of the trapper follows close behind the Indian in
the unfolding of the panorama of the West. There is the explorer, but
the trapper himself preceded the explorers--witness Lewis's and Clark's
meetings with trappers on their journey. The trapper's hard-earned
knowledge of the vast empire lying beyond the Missouri was utilized by
later comers, or in a large part died with him, leaving occasional
records in the documents of fur companies, or reports of military
expeditions, or here and there in the name of a pass, a stream, a
mountain, or a fort. His adventurous warfare upon the wild things of the
woods and streams was the expression of a primitive instinct old as the
history of mankind. The development of the motives which led the first
pioneer trappers afield from the days of the first Eastern settlements,
the industrial organizations which followed, the commanding commercial
results which were evolved from the trafficking of Radisson and
Groseillers in the North, the rise of the great Hudson's Bay Company,
and the American enterprise which led, among other results, to the
foundation of the Astor fortunes, would form no inconsiderable part of a
history of North America. The present volume aims simply to show the
type-character of the Western trapper, and to sketch in a series of
pictures the checkered life of this adventurer of the wilderness.
The trapper of the early West was a composite figure. From the Northeast
came a splendid succession of French explorers like La Verendrye, with
_coureurs des bois_, and a multitude of daring trappers and traders
pushing west and south. From the south the Spaniard, illustrated in
figures like Garces and others, held out hands which rarely grasped the
waiting commerce. From the north and northeast there was the steady
advance of the sturdy Scotch and English, typified in the deeds of the
Henrys, Thompson, MacKenzie, and the leaders of the organized fur trade,
explorers, traders, captains of industry, carrying the flags of the
Hudson's Bay and North-West Fur companies across Northern America to the
Pacific. On the far Northwestern coast the Russian appeared as fur
trader in the middle of the eighteenth century, and the close of the
century saw the merchants of Boston claiming their share of the fur
traffic of that coast. The American trapper becomes a conspicuous figure
in the early years of the nineteenth century. The emporium of his
traffic was St. Louis, and the period of its greatest importance and
prosperity began soon after the Louisiana Purchase and continued for
forty years. The complete history of the American fur trade of the far
West has been written by Captain H. M. Chittenden in volumes which will
be included among the classics of early Western history. Although his
history is a publication designed for limited circulation, no student or
specialist in this field can fail to appreciate the value of his
faithful and comprehensive work.
In The Story of the Trapper there is presented for the general reader a
vivid picture of an adventurous figure, which is painted with a
singleness of purpose and a distinctness impossible of realization in
the large and detailed histories of the American fur trade and the
Hudson's Bay and North-West companies, or the various special relations
and journals and narratives. The author's wilderness lore and her
knowledge of the life, added to her acquaintance with its literature,
have borne fruit in a personification of the Western and Northern
trappers who live in her pages. It is the man whom we follow not merely
in the evolution of the Western fur traffic, but also in the course of
his strange life in the wilds, his adventures, and the contest of his
craft against the cunning of his quarry. It is a most picturesque figure
which is sketched in these pages with the etcher's art that selects
essentials while boldly disregarding details. This figure as it is
outlined here will be new and strange to the majority of readers, and
the relish of its piquant flavour will make its own appeal. A strange
chapter in history is outlined for those who would gain an insight into
the factors which had to do with the building of the West. Woodcraft,
exemplified in the calling of its most skilful devotees, is painted in
pictures which breathe the very atmosphere of that life of stream and
forest which has not lost its appeal even in these days of urban
centralization. The flash of the paddle, the crack of the rifle, the
stealthy tracking of wild beasts, the fearless contest of man against
brute and savage, may be followed throughout a narrative which is
constant in its fresh and personal interest.
The Hudson's Bay Company still flourishes, and there is still an
American fur trade; but the golden days are past, and the heroic age of
the American trapper in the West belongs to a bygone time. Even more
than the cowboy, his is a fading figure, dimly realized by his
successors. It is time to tell his story, to show what manner of man he
was, and to preserve for a different age the adventurous character of a
Romany of the wilderness, fascinating in the picturesqueness and daring
of his primeval life, and also, judged by more practical standards, a
figure of serious historical import in his relations to exploration and
commerce, and even affairs of politics and state.
If, therefore, we take the trapper as a typical figure in the early
exploitation of an empire, his larger significance may be held of far
more consequence to us than the excesses and lawlessness so frequent in
his life. He was often an adventurer pure and simple. The record of his
dealings with the red man and with white competitors is darkened by many
stains. His return from his lonely journeys afield brought an outbreak
of license like that of the cowboy | 1,410.388952 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.4276990 | 938 | 8 |
Produced by Christopher Hapka
MARIE
AN EPISODE IN THE LIFE OF THE LATE ALLAN QUATERMAIN
By H. Rider Haggard
Original Digital Editor's Note:
In the interest of readability, where italics are used to indicate
non-English words, I have silently omitted them or replaced them with
quotation marks.
DEDICATION
Ditchingham, 1912.
My dear Sir Henry,--
Nearly thirty-seven years have gone by, more than a generation, since
first we saw the shores of Southern Africa rising from the sea. Since
then how much has happened: the Annexation of the Transvaal, the Zulu
War, the first Boer War, the discovery of the Rand, the taking of
Rhodesia, the second Boer War, and many other matters which in these
quick-moving times are now reckoned as ancient history.
Alas! I fear that were we to re-visit that country we should find
but few faces which we knew. Yet of one thing we may be glad. Those
historical events, in some of which you, as the ruler of Natal, played
a great part, and I, as it chanced, a smaller one, so far as we can
foresee, have at length brought a period of peace to Southern Africa.
To-day the flag of England flies from the Zambesi to the Cape. Beneath
its shadow may all ancient feuds and blood jealousies be forgotten.
May the natives prosper also and be justly ruled, for after all in the
beginning the land was theirs. Such, I know, are your hopes, as they are
mine.
It is, however, with an earlier Africa that this story deals. In 1836,
hate and suspicion ran high between the Home Government and its
Dutch subjects. Owing to the freeing of the slaves and mutual
misunderstandings, the Cape Colony was then in tumult, almost in
rebellion, and the Boers, by thousands, sought new homes in the unknown,
savage-peopled North. Of this blood-stained time I have tried to
tell; of the Great Trek and its tragedies, such as the massacre of the
true-hearted Retief and his companions at the hands of the Zulu king,
Dingaan.
But you have read the tale and know its substance. What, then, remains
for me to say? Only that in memory of long-past days I dedicate it to
you whose image ever springs to mind when I strive to picture an English
gentleman as he should be. Your kindness I never shall forget; in memory
of it, I offer you this book.
Ever sincerely yours,
H. RIDER HAGGARD.
To Sir Henry Bulwer, G.C.M.G.
PREFACE
The Author hopes that the reader may find some historical interest in
the tale set out in these pages of the massacre of the Boer general,
Retief, and his companions at the hands of the Zulu king, Dingaan.
Save for some added circumstances, he believes it to be accurate in its
details.
The same may be said of the account given of the hideous sufferings of
the trek-Boers who wandered into the fever veld, there to perish in the
neighbourhood of Delagoa Bay. Of these sufferings, especially those that
were endured by Triechard and his companions, a few brief contemporary
records still exist, buried in scarce works of reference. It may be
mentioned, also, that it was a common belief among the Boers of that
generation that the cruel death of Retief and his companions, and other
misfortunes which befell them, were due to the treacherous plottings of
an Englishman, or of Englishmen, with the despot, Dingaan.
EDITOR'S NOTE
The following extract explains how the manuscript of "Marie," and with
it some others, one of which is named "Child of Storm," came into the
hands of the Editor.
It is from a letter, dated January 17th, 1909, and written by Mr.
George Curtis, the brother of Sir Henry Curtis, Bart., who, it will
be remembered, was one of the late Mr. Allan Quatermain's friends and
companions in adventure when he discovered King Solomon's Mines, and who
afterwards disappeared with him in Central Africa.
This extract runs as | 1,410.447739 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.4286230 | 67 | 9 |
Produced by David Clarke, Stephen Blundell and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
_Songs of a Sourdough_
_"Songs from Overseas"_
SONGS OF A SOURDOUGH. By ROBERT W. SERVICE.
BALLADS OF A CHEECHAK | 1,410.448663 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.4676400 | 506 | 16 |
Produced by Giovanni Fini and Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
CONTENTS
PAGE
LET DAD AND SON BEWARE! 2
ADVENTS AND PUBLIC PLUNDERERS. 3
THE MAYOR AND CHARLEY. 6
LIFE OF STEPHEN H. BRANCH. 8
[Illustration: STEPHEN H. BRANCH’S ALLIGATOR.
Volume I.—No. 4.] SATURDAY, MAY 15, 1858. [Price 2 Cents.]
STEPHEN H. BRANCH’S ALLIGATOR.
Let Dad and Son Beware!
Peter Cooper and Mayor Tiemann are old and sacred friends of George
W. Matsell, who are more familiar with each other than they are
with the Bible, or morning and evening prayers. Mayor Tiemann was
elected with the express condition that Matsell should be restored
to his old position, and Peter Cooper and Mayor Tiemann, and James
W. Gerard, and Ambrose C. Kingsland are at work for their lives to
effect the restoration of Matsell, and all impends on the election of
a Commissioner in place of the noble Perrit. Matsell was in the city
at the last Mayoralty election, conspiring against Wood, who saved him
from the scaffold, after we convicted him of alienage and perjury,
and the dastard and sacrilegious abjuration of his country. And at
the late election, he stabbed his benefactor down in the dust, in the
assassin’s darkness, and did not play Brutus for the public virtue, but
to consummate his restoration to an office (he had always degraded)
which was in the contract between himself and Cooper, Tiemann, Gerard,
and Kingsland, and other slavish friends. We know them all and the
rendezvous of all their kindred Diavolos, whose names would fill the
jaws of the _Alligator_. Matsell professed to enter the city from
Iowa with flags and music on the day after Tiemann’s election, but he
was in the city long before, and concealed in as dark a cavern as the
odious Cataline, while | 1,410.48768 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.5622370 | 174 | 7 |
Produced by Gerard Arthus, Dianna Adair and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from scans of public domain material
produced by Microsoft for their Live Search Books site.)
Illustration: The Fighter in the outdoor ring.
THE CROXLEY MASTER
A GREAT TALE OF THE PRIZE RING
BY
A. CONAN DOYLE
Illustration: The Fighter in the outdoor ring.
NEW YORK
McCLURE, PHILLIPS & CO.
MCMVII
_Copyright, 1907, by McClure, Phillips & Co._
_THE CROXLEY MASTER_
I
Mr. Robert Montgomery was seated at his desk, his head upon his hands,
in a state | 1,410.582277 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.6608680 | 136 | 32 |
Produced by Greg Bergquist, Ernest Schaal, and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
THE DOCTOR'S CHRISTMAS EVE
[Illustration]
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
NEW YORK. BOSTON. CHICAGO
ATLANTA. SAN FRANCISCO
MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED
LONDON. BOMBAY. CALCUTTA
MELBOURNE
THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD.
| 1,410.680908 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.7586240 | 1,499 | 24 |
Produced by eagkw, Robert Cicconetti and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
GREAT PORTER SQUARE:
A MYSTERY.
BY
B. L. FARJEON,
_Author of "Grif," "London's Heart," "The House of White
Shadows," etc._
_IN THREE VOLUMES._
VOLUME III.
LONDON:
WARD AND DOWNEY,
12, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1885.
[ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.]
PRINTED BY
KELLY AND CO., GATE STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS
AND KINGSTON-ON-THAMES.
CONTENTS.
CHAP. PAGE
XXXI.--Becky gives a description of an interview between
herself and Richard Manx 1
XXXII.--In which Becky narrates how Fanny became acquainted
with Mrs. Lydia Holdfast 15
XXXIII.--In which Becky narrates how Fanny became
acquainted with Mrs. Lydia Holdfast (concluded) 24
XXXIV.--Mr. Pelham makes his appearance once more 31
XXXV.--Fanny discovers who Richard Manx is 45
XXXVI.--Becky and Fanny on the watch 55
XXXVII.--No. 119 Great Porter Square is let to a new Tenant 71
XXXVIII.--The new Tenant takes possession of No. 119 Great
Porter Square 87
XXXIX.--Mrs. Holdfast insists on becoming an active partner 113
XL.--Mrs. Holdfast insists on becoming an active partner
(concluded) 118
XLI.--Frederick Holdfast makes the discovery 134
XLII.--Mr. Holdfast's Diary 147
XLIII.--Mr. Holdfast's Diary (concluded) 177
XLIV.--Caged 207
XLV.--Retribution 218
XLVI.--In which the "Evening Moon" gives a Sequel to its
"Romance in Real Life" 224
GREAT PORTER SQUARE: A MYSTERY.
CHAPTER XXXI.
BECKY GIVES A DESCRIPTION OF AN INTERVIEW BETWEEN HERSELF AND RICHARD
MANX.
MY DEAREST LOVE--How, did you like my little messenger, Fanny? Is she
not steady, and bright, and clever? When she woke this morning I had an
earnest conversation with her, and as far as was necessary I told her my
plans and that I wanted her faithful assistance. She cried for joy. The
few words she managed to get out convinced me that, child as she is,
I could not be better served by a grown-up person. Besides, I want a
child to assist me; a grown-up person might spoil my plans. In what way?
Patience, my dear, patience.
Mrs. Preedy noticed that I looked tired, and I told her that I had been
kept awake all the night with toothache. She expressed great sympathy
with me. It is wonderful the position I hold in the house; I am treated
more like a lady than a servant. That is because I have lent my mistress
forty pounds, and have agreed to pay for little Fanny's board and
lodging. Mrs. Preedy threw out a hint about taking me into partnership,
if I would invest my fancied legacy into the business.
"We could keep on this house," she said, "and take another on the other
side of the Square."
I said it was worth thinking about, but that, of course, I could do
nothing until I received the whole amount of the legacy which would be
in three weeks' time. So the matter rests; during these three weeks Mrs.
Preedy will be very gracious to me, I expect. She said this morning,
when I told her about my toothache,
"You had better lay down, my dear."
Actually! "My dear!"
I did lie down, and I had a good rest, so that my keeping up all night
did not hurt me. I feel now quite refreshed, although it is night, and
eleven o'clock. Mrs. Preedy, as usual, is out gossiping with Mrs. Beale,
and I am writing in the kitchen. When she comes home I shall continue my
letter in my bedroom. I have much to tell you. Things seem to move on
rapidly. I have no doubt that in a very short time something important
will come to light.
After sending Fanny to you this morning, I went up to our bedridden
lady-lodger, Mrs. Bailey. From her I obtained some significant news.
She had passed a bad night; the noise in the next house, as of some one
moving about in the room in which your father met his death, had "come
again," she said, and had continued for at least a couple of hours. She
declared that it did not sound like mice, and that she did not know
really what to think. What she _did_ know was that she was almost
frightened out of her life. I suggested that Fanny should sleep in her
room for a night or two, and I told her about the little girl. "It
will be company for you," I said. The old lady was delighted at the
suggestion, and with the consent of Mrs. Preedy, I made up a bed for
Fanny on the floor, close to the wall, and she is sleeping there now.
I am satisfied she is asleep, because Richard Manx is not in the house.
I have confided in Fanny, and she is so devoted to my service that I
am certain, while she is in her bed, no sound can be made in the room
adjoining without her hearing it. Her faculties have been sharpened by
a life of want, and her nature is a very grateful one.
It was not without reflection that I have taken advantage of the
opportunity to change Fanny's bedroom. It will afford me a better excuse
for going upstairs more frequently than usual, and thus keeping a watch
on the movements of our young man lodger. It will also give Fanny an
opportunity of watching him, for I intend employing her in this way,
and in watching another person, too. Richard Manx has not seen my
little detective yet, nor shall he see her, if it can be prevented. My
instructions to Fanny are to keep herself carefully out of his sight; it
is part of a plan, as yet half formed, that she should be very familiar
with his face, and he not at all familiar with hers. Twice during the
day has she seen him, without being seen, and this evening she gave me
a | 1,410.778664 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.7648930 | 117 | 6 |
Produced by David T. Jones, Ross Cooling, Mardi Desjardins
& the online Distributed Proofreaders Canada team at
http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This file was produced from
images generously made available by The Internet
Archive/American Libraries.)
GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.
Vol. XLI. September, 1852. No. 3.
Table of Contents
Our Way Across The Sea
The Giant’s Causeway
Hymn for the Dedication of a | 1,410.784933 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.7677630 | 2,720 | 45 |
Produced by Marilynda Fraser-Cunliffe, Charlie Howard, and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images
made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.)
THE EVOLUTION OF OLD TESTAMENT RELIGION
THE EVOLUTION OF OLD
TESTAMENT RELIGION
BY
W. E. ORCHARD, B.D.
LONDON
JAMES CLARKE & CO., 13 & 14, FLEET STREET
1908
TO
My Wife
PREFACE
The substance of this book was originally delivered as a Course of
Lectures to a week-night congregation. The Lecture form has been
retained, and this accounts for the repetition of the leading ideas,
while the practical interests of Church life account for the insistence
on the religious value and lesson. It is hoped that this, which might
be irritating to the professional student, may be helpful to the
ordinary reader who is repelled by the technicality of critical works,
and often fails to discern the devout spirit by which such works are
inspired, or to discover what religious interest is served by them.
Where everything is borrowed from other writers, and no claim to
originality is made, detailed acknowledgment would be impossible, but
the resolve to attempt some such course in place of the usual form of a
week-night service was formed in the Hebrew class-room of Westminster
College, Cambridge, while listening to the Lectures on Old Testament
Theology and Messianic Prophecy, delivered by the Rev. Professor Dr.
Skinner (now Principal), in which accurate scholarship was combined
with a deep insight into the present religious importance of these
subjects. Grateful acknowledgment is also due to the Rev. J.R. Coates,
B.A., who kindly read through the proofs and made many valuable
suggestions.
W. E. ORCHARD.
ENFIELD, _August, 1908_.
CONTENTS
LECTURE PAGE
INTRODUCTION vii
I. THE SEMITIC RACES 19
II. THE PRIMITIVE RELIGION OF THE HEBREWS 31
III. MOSAISM 55
IV. THE INFLUENCE OF CANAAN 83
V. PROPHETISM--EARLY STAGES 107
VI. THE RELIGION OF THE LITERARY PROPHETS 135
VII. THE EFFECT OF THE EXILE 169
VIII. THE WORK OF THE PRIESTS 195
IX. THE RELIGION OF THE PSALMISTS 215
X. THE RELIGION OF THE WISE 241
XI. MESSIANIC EXPECTATIONS 265
INTRODUCTION
It is a matter of common knowledge that within the last few decades a
tremendous change has come over our estimate of the value of the Old
Testament, and that this change is of the gravest importance for our
understanding of religion. But what the exact nature of the change
is, and what we are to deduce from it, is a matter of debate, for the
facts are only known to professional students and to a few others who
may have been led to interest themselves in the subject. With some,
for instance, the idea prevails that the Old Testament has been so
discredited by modern research that its religious significance is now
practically worthless. Others believe that the results arrived at are
untrue, and regard them as the outcome of wicked attacks made upon the
veracity of the Word of God by men whose scholarship is a cloak for
their sinister designs or a mask of their incapacity to comprehend its
spiritual message. There is perhaps a middle course open to some who
have found a message of God to their souls in the Old Testament, and
who, on hearing that the authorship of this book has been questioned
or the historicity of that passage assailed, are unmoved, because
they believe that it does not matter who wrote the Pentateuch or the
Psalms so long as through these documents they hear the voice of the
living Word of God. Here then is a subject on which there exists a
distressing confusion, and, moreover, a subject in which ignorance
plays no small part. Save with a few devout souls who have made a long
and continuous study of the Scriptures, it may be doubted whether there
is any widespread knowledge of the actual message of the Old Testament,
even among Christian people. There are certainly many people willing to
defend the authority of the Bible who spend very little time in reading
it. The favourite Psalms and the evangelical passages of Isaiah are
probably well known, and beyond this there is but the knowledge gained
in early days, from which stand out in the memory the personalities
of Samson and Saul, David and Goliath, and Daniel in the lion's den,
together with the impressive stories of the Flood, the destruction
of Sodom and Gomorrah, the crossing of the Red Sea, and the fall of
Jericho. A very little is probably carried away from the public reading
of the Scriptures in places of worship. It cannot be said that this
acquaintance conveys any real impression of the magnificent message
that lies embedded in these thirty-nine books which go to make up the
Old Testament. Now whatever harm may be charged to the modern methods,
it can at least be claimed that neglected portions have been carefully
studied, the meaning of obscure passages discovered, and much of
importance and interest brought to light; but more than this, it has
been discovered that the essential message of the Old Testament lies
largely apart from those narratives and personalities that impress the
superficial reader, and rather in the record of a gradual development
of the conception of God and of His purpose in calling Israel to be the
recipient of His self-disclosure. It has been found that the striking
figures of the landscape are of less importance than the road that
winds among them along which revelation moves to its final goal.
It may be objected that the new inspiration, which so many who have
studied the Scriptures by these methods claim to have felt, throws
quite a new emphasis on our conception of the Old Testament and
is revolutionary of all that we have been accustomed to believe
concerning it; that the methods are such as could not legitimately
be applied to the Word of God, and are the products of a criticism
which is puffed up with a sense of its own superiority; and that the
results are discreditable to the Old Testament, since they allege
that some of the narratives are unhistorical, some passages and even
whole books unauthentic, and traditions on which the gravest issues
have been staked shown to have nothing more than a legendary basis.
There is much in these objections that is natural, but much that
is misunderstanding. It is true that the contribution which the Old
Testament makes to religion is estimated differently from what it was
fifty years ago, and it must be allowed that this brings a charge of
having misunderstood the Scriptures against generations of scholars
and saints. But it is admitted that all matters of knowledge are open
to misunderstanding. It is no argument against the conception that
the earth moves round the sun, that the contrary idea was held in
other ages. We know that the understanding of the Old Testament has
been obscured, often by those who ought to have been the greatest
authorities on its meaning. Jesus read into the Scriptures a meaning
unrecognised by the authorities of His day, and dealt with them in a
fashion that was regarded as revolutionary. To some of the Scriptures
He appealed as to a final authority, but others He regarded as
imperfect and only suited to the time in which they were written. The
Jews of His day venerated every letter of the sacred writings, and
regarded the very copies of the Law as sacred to the touch, and yet on
their understanding of the Scriptures they rejected the mission and
message of Jesus. Christian scholarship has undoubtedly followed rather
after the Rabbis than after Christ. The message of the Old Testament
that the new methods have made clear certainly appears to be more in
conformity with the Spirit of Christ than with that of His opponents,
and if this is revolutionary then it is no new thing; religion always
moves along such lines.
Great offence has been caused and insuperable prejudice aroused among
many by the name under which these methods have become known. The
name, "higher criticism," conveys to most people a suggestion of
carping fault-finding and an assumption of superiority. This is due to
an entire misunderstanding of a technical term. Criticism is nothing
more than the exercise of the faculty of judgment, and, moreover,
judgment that ought to be perfectly fair. The sinister suggestion
that is conveyed in the word is due to the fact that our criticisms
are so often biassed by personal prejudices. But this only condemns
our faults, and not the method. "Higher" criticism does not mean any
assumption of superiority, but is simply a term used to distinguish it
from "lower" criticism. The criticism that endeavours to ascertain the
original text by a comparison of the various documents available is
called _lower_, and that which deals with matters higher up the stream
of descent by which the writings have been conveyed to us, namely,
matters of date and authorship, is called _higher_ criticism. It might
well be called literary and historical criticism, in distinction from
textual criticism. It employs historical methods, and uses the simple
tests of comparison and contemporaneity. For the understanding of a
particular age, it prefers those documents that describe the times in
which they were written, and give indirect evidence, rather than those
histories which were written long after the event and which reveal a
purpose other than the strictly historical. Fortunately, we have in
the Old Testament many such contemporary and indirect witnesses in the
writings of the Prophets. They are not consciously writing history,
but they tell us indirectly what the practices of their day were, and
especially what religious ideas were prevalent; for it is these things
that they feel called upon to attack. With these reliable standards we
can compare the regular histories, which were necessarily written at a
much later age, and very often to serve some religious purpose.
Now it is this method, which is surely a true and proper one, that
has changed our estimate of the history and development of religion
in Israel. Are we to condemn the method without examination because
it destroys certain traditions about the Bible which we have received
largely from Judaism?--the Judaism which could find no place for Jesus!
But it will be answered that these methods yield results that are
incompatible with the inspiration of the Bible, and are unworthy of
God's revelation to us. But how are we to decide what is compatible
with inspiration? We can only tell, surely, by seeing what these
results are and by discovering whether they bring any inspiration to
us. Can we be certain, without examining the facts, to what lines the
revelation of God is to be restricted? Is this not coming to the Bible
with a theory which we have manufactured and which will surely distort
the facts? It will be said that anything less than absolute accuracy
makes void any claim to be a Divine revelation. Let us consider what
this means. We know that the historical spirit, which endeavours to
see history as it actually happened quite apart from our desires or
sympathies, is an ideal which has only emerged with the general spread
of education, and that in ancient times history was written largely
with a view to edification, and especially for giving such lessons
as would lead to right principles being adopted for the future. It
was not the accuracy of the material but suitability for its purpose
that weighed with the historian. Now, with these conditions existing,
was it impossible for God to speak to men through their conceptions
of history, or had He to wait until the historical spirit prevailed?
Could He not use the early legends which they believed, and through
them bring the truth to men? We know that the greatest of all religious
teachers did not scruple to embody the highest truths in such parables
as lowly minds could receive. We may demand that revelation shall be
infallible, but this would need in turn an infallible person to receive
it, and even then an infallible interpreter. An infallible revelation
would mean that there could never be any progress in revelation; that
it would have to be given perfect in one process; that it would have
to be authenticated to men by authority, | 1,410.787803 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.8603670 | 167 | 70 |
Produced by Chris Curnow and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
THE BOOK OF
THE SAILBOAT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
By A. Hyatt Verrill
The Real Story of the Whaler
The Book of the Sailboat
The Book of the Motor Boat
Isles of Spice and Palm
D. APPLETON AND COMPANY
Publishers New York
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Illustration: FORE-AND-AFT SAILS AND RIGS]
1—Leg-o’-mutton sail. 2—Gunter sail. 3—Lateen sail. 4—Sprit
| 1,410.880407 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.8605630 | 2,758 | 7 | ***
Text file produced by Tokuya Matsumoto
HTML file produced by David Widger
A JOURNAL OF THE PLAGUE YEAR
By Daniel Defoe
being observations or memorials of the most remarkable occurrences, as
well public as private, which happened in London during the last great
visitation in 1665. Written by a Citizen who continued all the while in
London. Never made public before
It was about the beginning of September, 1664, that I, among the rest of
my neighbours, heard in ordinary discourse that the plague was returned
again in Holland; for it had been very violent there, and particularly
at Amsterdam and Rotterdam, in the year 1663, whither, they say, it was
brought, some said from Italy, others from the Levant, among some goods
which were brought home by their Turkey fleet; others said it was
brought from Candia; others from Cyprus. It mattered not from whence it
came; but all agreed it was come into Holland again.
We had no such thing as printed newspapers in those days to spread
rumours and reports of things, and to improve them by the invention of
men, as I have lived to see practised since. But such things as these
were gathered from the letters of merchants and others who corresponded
abroad, and from them was handed about by word of mouth only; so that
things did not spread instantly over the whole nation, as they do now.
But it seems that the Government had a true account of it, and several
councils were held about ways to prevent its coming over; but all was
kept very private. Hence it was that this rumour died off again, and
people began to forget it as a thing we were very little concerned in,
and that we hoped was not true; till the latter end of November or the
beginning of December 1664 when two men, said to be Frenchmen, died of
the plague in Long Acre, or rather at the upper end of Drury Lane. The
family they were in endeavoured to conceal it as much as possible, but
as it had gotten some vent in the discourse of the neighbourhood, the
Secretaries of State got knowledge of it; and concerning themselves to
inquire about it, in order to be certain of the truth, two physicians
and a surgeon were ordered to go to the house and make inspection. This
they did; and finding evident tokens of the sickness upon both the
bodies that were dead, they gave their opinions publicly that they died
of the plague. Whereupon it was given in to the parish clerk, and he
also returned them to the Hall; and it was printed in the weekly bill of
mortality in the usual manner, thus--
Plague, 2. Parishes infected, 1.
The people showed a great concern at this, and began to be alarmed all
over the town, and the more, because in the last week in December 1664
another man died in the same house, and of the same distemper. And then
we were easy again for about six weeks, when none having died with any
marks of infection, it was said the distemper was gone; but after that,
I think it was about the 12th of February, another died in another
house, but in the same parish and in the same manner.
This turned the people's eyes pretty much towards that end of the town,
and the weekly bills showing an increase of burials in St Giles's parish
more than usual, it began to be suspected that the plague was among the
people at that end of the town, and that many had died of it, though
they had taken care to keep it as much from the knowledge of the public
as possible. This possessed the heads of the people very much, and few
cared to go through Drury Lane, or the other streets suspected, unless
they had extraordinary business that obliged them to it
This increase of the bills stood thus: the usual number of burials in a
week, in the parishes of St Giles-in-the-Fields and St Andrew's,
Holborn, were from twelve to seventeen or nineteen each, few more or
less; but from the time that the plague first began in St Giles's
parish, it was observed that the ordinary burials increased in number
considerably. For example:--
From December 27 to January 3 { St Giles's 16
" { St Andrew's 17
" January 3 " " 10 { St Giles's 12
" { St Andrew's 25
" January 10 " " 17 { St Giles's 18
" { St Andrew's 28
" January 17 " " 24 { St Giles's 23
" { St Andrew's 16
" January 24 " " 31 { St Giles's 24
" { St Andrew's 15
" January 30 " February 7 { St Giles's 21
" { St Andrew's 23
" February 7 " " 14 { St Giles's 24
The like increase of the bills was observed in the parishes of St
Bride's, adjoining on one side of Holborn parish, and in the parish of
St James, Clerkenwell, adjoining on the other side of Holborn; in both
which parishes the usual numbers that died weekly were from four to six
or eight, whereas at that time they were increased as follows:--
From December 20 to December 27 { St Bride's 0
" { St James's 8
" December 27 to January 3 { St Bride's 6
" { St James's 9
" January 3 " " 10 { St Bride's 11
" { St James's 7
" January 10 " " 17 { St Bride's 12
" { St James's 9
" January 17 " " 24 { St Bride's 9
" { St James's 15
" January 24 " " 31 { St Bride's 8
" { St James's 12
" January 31 " February 7 { St Bride's 13
" { St James's 5
" February 7 " " 14 { St Bride's 12
" { St James's 6
Besides this, it was observed with great uneasiness by the people that
the weekly bills in general increased very much during these weeks,
although it was at a time of the year when usually the bills are very
moderate.
The usual number of burials within the bills of mortality for a week was
from about 240 or thereabouts to 300. The last was esteemed a pretty
high bill; but after this we found the bills successively increasing as
follows:--
Buried. Increased.
December the 20th to the 27th 291 ...
" " 27th " 3rd January 349 58
January the 3rd " 10th " 394 45
" " 10th " 17th " 415 21
" " 17th " 24th " 474 59
This last bill was really frightful, being a higher number than had been
known to have been buried in one week since the preceding visitation of
1656.
However, all this went off again, and the weather proving cold, and the
frost, which began in December, still continuing very severe even till
near the end of February, attended with sharp though moderate winds, the
bills decreased again, and the city grew healthy, and everybody began to
look upon the danger as good as over; only that still the burials in St
Giles's continued high. From the beginning of April especially they
stood at twenty-five each week, till the week from the 18th to the 25th,
when there was buried in St Giles's parish thirty, whereof two of the
plague and eight of the spotted-fever, which was looked upon as the same
thing; likewise the number that died of the spotted-fever in the whole
increased, being eight the week before, and twelve the week above-named.
This alarmed us all again, and terrible apprehensions were among the
people, especially the weather being now changed and growing warm, and
the summer being at hand. However, the next week there seemed to be some
hopes again; the bills were low, the number of the dead in all was but
388, there was none of the plague, and but four of the spotted-fever.
But the following week it returned again, and the distemper was spread
into two or three other parishes, viz., St Andrew's, Holborn; St Clement
Danes; and, to the great affliction of the city, one died within the
walls, in the parish of St Mary Woolchurch, that is to say, in
Bearbinder Lane, near Stocks Market; in all there were nine of the
plague and six of the spotted-fever. It was, however, upon inquiry found
that this Frenchman who died in Bearbinder Lane was one who, having
lived in Long Acre, near the infected houses, had removed for fear of
the distemper, not knowing that he was already infected.
This was the beginning of May, yet the weather was temperate, variable,
and cool enough, and people had still some hopes. That which encouraged
them was that the city was healthy: the whole ninety-seven parishes
buried but fifty-four, and we began to hope that, as it was chiefly
among the people at that end of the town, it might go no farther; and
the rather, because the next week, which was from the 9th of May to the
16th, there died but three, of which not one within the whole city or
liberties; and St Andrew's buried but fifteen, which was very low. 'Tis
true St Giles's buried two-and-thirty, but still, as there was but one
of the plague, people began to be easy. The whole bill also was very
low, for the week before the bill was but 347, and the week above
mentioned but 343. We continued in these hopes for a few days, but it
was but for a few, for the people were no more to be deceived thus; they
searched the houses and found that the plague was really spread every
way, and that many died of it every day. So that now all our
extenuations abated, and it was no more to be concealed; nay, it quickly
appeared that the infection had spread itself beyond all hopes of
abatement. That in the parish of St Giles it was gotten into several
streets, and several families lay all sick together; and, accordingly,
in the weekly bill for the next week the thing began to show itself.
There was indeed but fourteen set down of the plague, but this was all
knavery and collusion, for in St Giles's parish they buried forty in
all, whereof it was certain most of them died of the plague, though they
were set down of other distempers; and though the number of all the
burials were not increased above thirty-two, and the whole bill being
but 385, yet there was fourteen of the spotted-fever, as well as
fourteen of the plague; and we took it for granted upon the whole that
there were fifty died that week of the plague.
The next bill was from the 23rd of May to the 30th, when the number of
the plague was seventeen. But the burials in St Giles's were fifty-
three--a frightful number!--of whom they set down but nine of the
plague; but on an examination more strictly by the justices of peace,
and at the Lord Mayor's request, it was found there were twenty more who
were really dead of the plague in that parish, but had been set down of
the spotted-fever or other distempers, besides others concealed.
But those were trifling things to what followed immediately after; for
now the weather set | 1,410.880603 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9609260 | 180 | 8 |
Produced by David Widger
THE PAPERS AND WRITINGS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
VOLUME ONE
CONSTITUTIONAL EDITION
By Abraham Lincoln
Edited by Arthur Brooks Lapsley
With an Introduction by Theodore Roosevelt
The Essay on Lincoln by Carl Schurz
The Address on Lincoln by Joseph Choate
VOLUME 1.
INTRODUCTORY
Immediately after Lincoln's re-election to the Presidency, in an
off-hand speech, delivered in response to a serenade by some of his
admirers on the evening of November 10, 1864, he spoke as follows:
"It has long been a grave question whether any government not too strong
for the liberties of its people can be strong enough to maintain its
existence in great emergencies. On this point, the present rebellion
brought our republic to a | 1,410.980966 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9609590 | 98 | 14 |
Produced by Nick Hodson of London, England
The Willoughby Captains
By Talbot Baines Reed
________________________________________________________________________
This is one of this author's famous school stories. Like a new boy or
girl at a school, you will be faced with learning the names of a great
many youngsters, and to an extent, their characters. However, by the
time you get half-way through the book you will be familiar enough with
the | 1,410.980999 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9611160 | 181 | 30 |
Produced by KD Weeks, deaurider and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Transcriber’s Note:
This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects.
Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_. Superscripted
characters are indicated with a carat (‘^’). If multiple characters are
superscripted, they are delimited with curly braces (e.g. M^{rs.}).
Footnotes have been moved to follow the paragraphs in which they are
referenced. Most illustrations are full-page photographs. These were
described by a simple caption as well as a brief paragraph. This
material is included here, moved slightly to avoid falling on a paragraph
break | 1,410.981156 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9673170 | 3,569 | 17 |
Produced by Irma Spehar, Sonya Schermann and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
LE MORTE DARTHUR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[Illustration]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
LE MORTE DARTHUR
_Sir Thomas Malory’s Book
of King Arthur and of his Noble Knights
of the Round Table_
=The Text of Caxton=
_EDITED, WITH AN INTRODUCTION_
BY
SIR EDWARD STRACHEY, BART.
Si quando indigenas revocabo in carmina reges,
Arturumque etiam sub terris bella moventem;
Aut dicam invictae sociali foedere mensae
Magnanimos Heroas.—MILTON.
=London=
MACMILLAN AND CO.
AND NEW YORK
1893
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxford
HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TO
FRANCES STRACHEY
HER FATHER INSCRIBES THIS BOOK
THE INTRODUCTION TO WHICH
COULD NOT HAVE BEEN NOW RE-WRITTEN
WITHOUT HER HELP
IN MAKING THE EAR FAMILIAR WITH WORDS
WHICH THE EYE CAN NO LONGER READ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ADVERTISEMENT TO THE PRESENT EDITION.
The Introduction to the first edition of this volume included an
account of the Text in the various editions of Sir Thomas Malory’s
‘Morte Darthur,’ and an attempt to estimate the character and worth of
his book. The publication of Dr. Sommer’s edition of the Text and
Prolegomena, demands that I should complete my bibliography by an
account of this important work; and it enables me, by help of this
learned writer’s new information, to confirm, while enlarging, my
former criticism. I have, therefore, revised and re-written the two
first sections of the Introduction. The Essay on Chivalry remains, but
for a few verbal changes, as it was first printed.
SUTTON COURT,
_November, 1891_.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
§1. THE AUTHORSHIP AND MATTER OF THE BOOK.
PAGE
Origin of the Book.—Its claim to be called a poem.—Epic in
plan.—Malory’s use of the old romances.—His History and
Geography.—Camelot.—Glastonbury.—Almesbury.—Joyous Gard.—The
Sangreal.—Influence on our language, letters, life.—Morality of
the Book.—Spenser, Milton, Tennyson.—Malory, Caxton
ix
§2. THE TEXT AND ITS SEVERAL EDITIONS.
The edition of Caxton, 1485.—Those of Wynkyn de Worde, 1498
and 1529.—Of Copland, 1557.—Of East, without date.—Of
Stansby, 1634.—Editions of 1816.—Southey’s edition of
1817.—Discovery of interpolations in that edition.—Mr.
Wright’s editions, 1858 and 1866.—Character and object of
the present edition.—Abridgements.—Extracts.—Dr. Sommer’s
edition, 1889-91
xxxi
§3. AN ESSAY ON CHIVALRY.
Origin of Chivalry.—Contest of Civilization with Barbarism.—The
Chevalier and the Knight.—His education.—Amadis and
Oriana.—The Black Prince.—Birth not essential to
Knighthood.—The Lady.—Queen Philippa.—Decay of
Chivalry.—Knights of Malta.—Modern Manners
xxxviii
THE BOOK OF KING ARTHUR
PREFACE OF WILLIAM CAXTON 1
THE TABLE OR RUBRYSSHE OF THE CONTENTS OF CHAPTERS 3
THE BOOK OF KING ARTHUR, BOOKS I TO XXI 25
NOTES 488
GLOSSARY AND INDEX 493
------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTRODUCTION.
§1. THE AUTHORSHIP AND MATTER OF THE BOOK.
ORIGIN OF THE BOOK.
We owe this our English Epic of Le Morte Darthur to Sir Thomas Malory,
and to William Caxton the first English printer. Caxton’s Preface shows
(what indeed would have been certain from his appeal to the ‘Knights of
England’ at the end of ‘The Order of Chivalry’) that however strongly
he, ‘William Caxton, simple person,’ may have been urged to undertake
the work by ‘divers gentlemen of this realm of England,’ he was not
less moved by his own love and reverence for ‘the noble acts of
chivalry,’ and his deep sense of his duty and responsibility in
printing what he believed would be for the instruction and profit of
his readers, ‘of whatever estate or degree.’ But to Sir Thomas Malory
he gives all the honour of having provided him with the copy which he
printed. And ever since, for more than four hundred years, successive
generations have approved the fitness of Caxton’s choice. For it is
Malory’s book, and not the older forms of King Arthur’s story which we
still read for enjoyment, and for the illustration of which scholars
edit those earlier books. Only a true poem, the offspring of genius,
could have so held, and be still holding its ground, age after age. It
may be said that it is chiefly with boys, and with men who have formed
the taste by their boyish reading, that the book is so popular. But is
not this so with the Iliad too? Men of mature intellect and taste read
and re-read the Iliad with ever new discoveries, appreciation, and
enjoyment; but it may be questioned whether there are many, or even
any, of them who did not begin those studies at school, and learn to
love Homer before they knew that he was worthy of their love. And they
who have given most of such reading, in youth and in manhood, to
Malory’s Morte Darthur will be the most able and ready to recognise its
claim to the character of an Epic poem.
MALORY A POET.
Malory wrote in prose, but he had ‘the vision and the faculty divine’
of the poet, though ‘wanting the accomplishment of verse’; and, great
as that want is, we may apply Milton’s test of ‘simple, sensuous, and
passionate,’ and we shall find no right to these names more real than
is Malory’s. Every incident, the description of every event, is
‘simple,’ that is to say, complete in itself, while making a part of
the whole story. The story is ‘sensuous,’ like that of Homer, and as
every true poem must be, it is a living succession of concrete images
and pictures, not of abstractions or generalized arguments and
reasonings. These are the characteristics of the book, from its opening
story of Igraine, which ‘befell in the days of Uther Pendragon,’ down
to the death of the last four remaining knights who ‘went into the Holy
Land, there as Jesus Christ was quick and dead,’ and there ‘did many
battles upon the miscreants or Turks, and there they died on a Good
Friday for God’s sake.’ And for ‘passion,’ for that emotion which the
poet first feels in a special manner, and then awakens in his hearers,
though they could not have originated it in themselves, with the
adventures of the Round Table and the San Greal, or the deaths of
Arthur, of Guenever, and of Launcelot, we may compare the wrath of
Achilles, its cause and its consequences, or the leave-taking of Hector
and Andromache. It would, indeed, be hard to find anywhere a pathos
greater than that of Malory’s description of the death or ‘passing’ of
Arthur, the penitence of Guenever, and her parting with Launcelot, or
the lament of Launcelot over the King and Queen, and of Sir Ector over
Launcelot himself. The first is too long to quote, but I may say that
Malory has re-cast the old story, and all the poetry is his own. I give
the two last:—
‘Truly, said Sir Launcelot, I trust I do not displease God, for He
knoweth mine intent, for my sorrow was not, nor is not, for any
rejoicing of sin, but my sorrow may never have end. For when I
remember of her beauty, and of her noblesse, that was both with her
king and with her; so when I saw his corpse and her corpse so lie
together, truly mine heart would not serve to sustain my careful
body. Also when I remember me, how by my default, mine orgule, and
my pride, that they were both laid full low, that were peerless
that ever was living of christian people, wit you well, said Sir
Launcelot, this remembered, of their kindness and mine unkindness,
sank so to my heart, that I might not sustain myself.’
And again:—
‘Ah, Launcelot, he said, thou were head of all christian knights;
and now I dare say, said Sir Ector, thou Sir Launcelot, there thou
liest, that thou were never matched of earthly knight’s hand; and
thou were the courtiest knight that ever bare shield; and thou were
the truest friend to thy lover that ever bestrode horse; and thou
were the truest lover of a sinful man that ever loved woman; and
thou were the kindest man that ever strake with sword; and thou
were the goodliest person ever came among press of knights; and
thou was the meekest man and the gentlest that ever ate in hall
among ladies; and thou were the sternest knight to thy mortal foe
that ever put spear in the rest[1].’
The former passage is all Malory’s own: the beauty of the latter is
enhanced, if we set by its side the old version which he follows:—
‘Alas, sir [said] Bors, that I was born,
That ever I should see this indeed,
The beste knight his life hath lorn,
That ever in stoure [fight] bestrode a steed,
Jesu, that crowned was with thorn,
In heaven his soul foster and feed[2].’
Humour is akin to passion; and it may not be out of place to notice
here Malory’s vein of humour, as shown, for instance, in the way in
which he tells the adventures of La Cote Male Taile, and of Beaumains;
the pranks of the braver knights with Dinadan and Dagonet; the story of
Arthur’s wedding feast, when a lady who ‘cried and made great dole,’
was forcibly carried out of the hall by a strange knight, and Arthur
‘was glad, for she made such a noise,’ and was thereupon rebuked by
Merlin for thinking so lightly of his royal and knightly duties; or
that of the usurper Mordred and the Bishop of Canterbury, when after
each had defied the other, the bishop ‘did the curse in the most
orgulous wise that might be done,’ and then retired to live ‘in poverty
and holy prayers, for well he understood that mischievous war was at
hand.’
THE BOOK EPIC IN PLAN.
In the Drama the action is present, actually unwinding itself and going
on before our eyes. The Epic is the story of the past, a cycle of
events completed, while through the one and the other may be traced a
thread of destiny and providence, leading either to a happy triumph
over circumstances, or to a tragic doom, which, too, is in the end, a
triumph also. Thomas Hughes, the early Elizabethan dramatist, in his
‘Misfortunes of Arthur,’ concentrated and deepened the horror of such a
tragedy by transferring the guilt of Launcelot to Mordred the son of
Arthur and his unknown sister. He would better have recognised and
followed the finer art of Malory. For though the motive of Malory’s
epic is less gross and exaggerated than that of Hughes’s drama, the
thread of guilt and doom which runs from first to last through the
former is not less real than in the latter. The crime of Uther
Pendragon, with which the story opens, leads to the concealment of
Arthur’s parentage from himself, and this to his illicit love for her
whom he does not know to be his sister, and so to the birth of Mordred.
Then comes the prophetic doom:—‘Ye have done of late a thing that God
is displeased with you: and your sister shall have a child that shall
destroy you and all the knights of your realm.’ Arthur tries in vain to
prevent the fulfilment of this doom by the only cruel deed of his life:
and then—after another warning of the woe which his marriage with
Guinevere will bring on him, through her guilty love for
Launcelot—these germs of tragic destiny remain hidden through long
years of prosperity. Arthur, aided by his fellowship of the Round
Table, reduces universal anarchy into order: and not only ‘gets into
his hand’ all England, Wales, and Scotland, but by his march to Rome
makes himself emperor, and the head of all the kingdoms as well as of
all the chivalry of Christendom. Still the fame and the honour of the
king and his knights of the Round Table open continually into new and
brighter forms, which seem above the reach of any adverse fate, till
the coming of the Sancgreal, into the quest of which all the knights
enter with that self-reliance which had become them so well in the
field of worldly chivalry, but which would be of no avail now. They are
now to be tried by other tests than those by which they had been proved
as ‘earthly knights and lovers,’ tests which even Launcelot, Ector de
Maris, Gawaine, and the other chiefest of the fellowship could not
stand. The quest is achieved by the holy knights alone: two depart from
this life to a higher, while Sir Bors, not quite spotless, yet forgiven
and sanctified, the link between the earthly and the spiritual worlds,
returns to aid in restoring the glory of the feasts and tournaments at
Camelot and Westminster. But the curse is at work: the severance
between good and evil which had been declared through the Sancgreal
cannot be closed again; and the tragic end comes on, in spite of the
efforts—touching from their very weakness—of Arthur and Launcelot to
avert the woe, the one by vainly trying to resist temptation, the other
by refusing to believe evil of his wife and his dearest friend. The
black clouds open for a moment as the sun goes down; and we see Arthur
in the barge which bears him to the Holy Isle; Guenever, the nun of
Almesbury, living in fasting, prayers, and almsdeeds; and Launcelot
with his fellowship, once knights but now hermit-priests, ‘doing bodily
all manner of service.’
Nor are the marks of harmony and unity less plain in the several
characters than in the events of the story. Arthur is a true knight,
sharing the characteristics of his nobler knights, yet he differs from
them all in showing also that he is, and feels himself to be, a king;
as when—with an imperiousness which reminds us of Froissart’s story of
Edward III refusing to listen to Sir Walter of Manny’s remonstrances on
behalf of the burgesses of Calais—he tells Sir Launcelot that he
‘takes no force whom he grieves,’ or insists on his entering the lists
against | 1,410.987357 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9680910 | 331 | 12 |
Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Matthew Wheaton and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
ABOLITION A SEDITION.
BY A NORTHERN MAN.
PHILADELPHIA:
GEO. W. DONOHUE,
NO. 22, SOUTH FOURTH STREET.
MDCCCXXXIX.
Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the
year 1839, by GEO. W. DONOHUE, in the Clerk's
Office of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
+---------------------------------------------+
| Transcriber's Notes: |
| |
| 1. Obvious printer and typographical errors |
| silently corrected. |
| 2. Archaic and inconsistent spelling and |
| punctuation retained. |
+---------------------------------------------+
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
The character of the Abolition organization
CHAPTER II.
The American Anti-slavery Society a seditious organization
CHAPTER III.
The seditious character of the Annual Report of the American
Anti-slavery Society, of 1838
CHAPTER IV.
The seditious character of the American Anti-slavery Society
farther considered
CHAPTER V.
Violent reforms, and their connexion with Abolitionism
CHAPTER VI.
The Abolition organization borrowed from the religious world
CHAPTER VII.
The | 1,410.988131 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9690150 | 260 | 23 |
Produced by K Nordquist, Jacqueline Jeremy and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
book was produced from scanned images of public domain
material from the Google Print project.)
THE JOB
AN AMERICAN NOVEL
BY
SINCLAIR LEWIS
AUTHOR OF MAIN STREET, BABBITT, ETC.
GROSSET & DUNLAP
PUBLISHERS NEW YORK
Made in the United States of America
Copyright, 1917, by Harper & Brothers
Printed in the United States of America
Published February, 1917
TO
MY WIFE
WHO HAS MADE "THE JOB" POSSIBLE AND LIFE ITSELF
QUITE BEAUTIFULLY IMPROBABLE
CONTENTS
Page
Part I 3
THE CITY
Part II 133
THE OFFICE
Part III 251
MAN AND WOMAN
Part I
THE CITY
CHAPTER I
Captain Lew Golden would have saved any foreign observer a great deal of
trouble in studying America. He was an almost perfect type of the petty
small | 1,410.989055 |
2023-11-16 18:40:34.9690940 | 4,118 | 11 |
Produced by D. Alexander, Nannette Lewis and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
A LITTLE MAID
OF
MASSACHUSETTS
COLONY
BY
ALICE TURNER CURTIS
AUTHOR OF
A LITTLE MAID OF PROVINCE TOWN
A LITTLE MAID OF NARRAGANSETT BAY
ILLUSTRATED BY WUANITA SMITH
THE PENN PUBLISHING
COMPANY PHILADELPHIA
1915
COPYRIGHT
1914 BY
THE PENN
PUBLISHING
COMPANY
[Illustration: "A WONDERFUL THING IS GOING TO HAPPEN"]
Introduction
The first Anne Nelson story was "A Little Maid of Province Town," which
told how the little Cape Cod girl's father went away to fight for the
colonies, how she went to live with the Stoddards, how she escaped
perils from Indians and wolves, made an unexpected trip to Boston, and
carried an important message for the colonial army.
The girls and boys who made acquaintance in that book with Anne and with
Amanda and Amos Cary will be glad to read here how Amos won his heart's
desire,--to go a long voyage from the harbor of Province Town; Anne's
journey with the Indians, her imprisonment in the house in the woods,
and her escape; how she and Rose Freeman discovered "Aunt Anne Rose" on
the happy trip in Boston, and how Anne helped to capture an English
privateer, will hold the attention of young readers, and, incidentally,
show them something of the times and history of Revolutionary days in
New England.
Contents
I. AMANDA'S MISTAKE 9
II. ANNE DECIDES 22
III. A NEW FRIEND 32
IV. WITH THE MASHPEES 48
V. AT BREWSTER 61
VI. AMANDA'S CONSCIENCE 75
VII. THE BLACK-BEARDED MAN 88
VIII. THROUGH THE WINDOW 104
IX. LADY DISAPPEARS 117
X. AUNT ANNE ROSE 131
XI. IN BOSTON 140
XII. A WONDERFUL DAY 149
XIII. ANNE'S BOOK 162
XIV. ANNE AND MILLICENT 173
XV. AMOS APPEARS 184
XVI. AN UNEXPECTED VISITOR 192
XVII. THE STRANGE SCHOONER 204
XVIII. A GREAT ADVENTURE 213
XIX. "HOMEWARD BOUND" 221
Illustrations
PAGE
"A WONDERFUL THING IS GOING TO HAPPEN"
_Frontispiece_
"SIT THERE AND BE QUIET" 42
"YOU CAN GET ON HIS BACK" 132
HE HANDED HER A BALL 177
"YOU ARE THE BRAVEST GIRL IN THE COLONY" 220
A Little Maid of Massachusetts Colony
CHAPTER I
AMANDA'S MISTAKE
"Do you think I might go, Aunt Martha?" There was a pleading note in the
little girl's voice as she stood close by Mrs. Stoddard's chair and
watched her folding the thin blue paper on which Rose Freeman's letter
was written.
"It is a pleasant invitation, surely," replied Mrs. Stoddard, "but the
Freemans have ever been good friends to us; and so Rose is to visit
their kin in Brewster and then journey back to Boston with her father in
his chaise, and she says there will be plenty of room for you. Well!
Well! 'Tis a wonderful journey."
Anne moved uneasily. "But, Aunt Martha, do you forget that she asks if
Uncle Enos cannot bring me to Brewster?"
"Yes, child, I have read the letter, and I doubt not Enos will set you
safe across to Brewster. And your father's vessel will be due in Boston
early in September, and he could bring you safely home to Province Town.
We'll see what Uncle Enos says about sailing across to Brewster," and
Mrs. Stoddard smiled affectionately at Anne's delighted exclamation. It
was two years before that Anne Nelson, whose father's boat had been
seized by an English ship, had come to live with the Stoddards. Her
father had escaped, and, after serving the colonies until after the
battle of Lexington, had returned to Province Town, and was now away on
a fishing cruise. Anne had visited the Freemans the year before, and now
this pleasant invitation for a journey to Boston had been brought by one
of the harbor fishermen, the only way letters came to Province Town. It
was no wonder Anne was eager for permission to go. It would be a three
days' ride from Brewster, and the road would take her through many
pleasant towns and villages. There was not a person in the settlement
who had taken the journey by land. Uncle Enos declared that Province
Town folk who could sail a good boat, with fair winds, to Boston in six
hours were too wise to take such a roundabout route as the land offered.
"But it will be a fine ride for Anne," he agreed. "She will learn much
by the journey, and Squire Freeman will take good care of her. I'll
set her across to Brewster on Tuesday, as Rose says they plan to start
early on Wednesday morning. Well, Anne," and he turned toward the
happy child, "what do you think the Cary children will say when you
tell them that you are to ride to Boston in a fine chaise?"
"I do not know, but I think Amos will say that he would not journey by
land; he is all for big ships; but I'm sure Amanda will think it is a
wonderful thing, and wish to go with me, and indeed I wish she might.
But why do we not have chaises in Province Town?"
"We must have roads first," replied Aunt Martha smilingly; "but Province
Town has no need of coaches and roads with good boats in harbor. Now we
must see that your clothes are in order, for a week soon goes."
"Anne! Anne!" and before Anne could respond a girl of about her own age
came running into the kitchen. "Can you go with me over to the outer
beach? May she go, Mrs. Stoddard? See! I have enough luncheon for us
both in this basket," and Amanda held up a pretty basket woven of sweet
grass.
"May I, Aunt Martha? And oh, Amanda! A wonderful thing is going to
happen to me. Isn't it wonderful, Uncle Enos?"
Aunt Martha and Uncle Enos both smiled and nodded, and Amanda looked
from one to the other in great surprise.
"Run along with Amanda and tell her all about it," said Mrs. Stoddard,
and the two little girls started happily off.
"I can guess," declared Amanda, "for I know that Captain Starkweather
brought you a letter from Boston, and I can guess who the letter is
from."
Anne shook her head laughingly. "You would guess that it was from my
dear father," she answered.
"And is it not?" questioned Amanda in surprise.
"It is from Rose Freeman," announced Anne. "And oh, Amanda, she asks me
to come to Brewster next week, and go with her in her father's chaise to
Boston!" And Anne turned, smiling happily, toward Amanda. She had
expected Amanda to exclaim with delight over such a wonderful piece of
news, but instead of delight Amanda's face expressed an angry surprise.
She had stopped short, and stood looking at Anne.
"Rose Freeman!" she exclaimed. "Boston in a chaise! I wonder I play with
you at all, Anne Nelson. Why don't you stay in Boston? I shouldn't care
if you did!" and throwing the basket of luncheon on the ground Amanda
turned and ran back toward home.
Anne looked after her in amazement. "That's the way she used to act
before we were friends," she said aloud; "and all that good food thrown
down in the sand," for the basket was overturned, and two round ginger
cakes, two pieces of corn bread, and two three-cornered tarts had rolled
out. Anne knelt down and picked them up carefully, shaking off the sand,
and returned them to the basket.
"Her mother cannot afford to have such good things wasted," said Anne;
for even the children in Province Town in the days of the Revolution
knew how difficult it was to secure supplies. The end of Cape Cod, with
its sandy dunes, scant pasturage or tillage, made the people depend on
their boats, not only to bring in fish, but all other household
necessities. The harbor was unguarded, and its occupation as a
rendezvous by English men-of-war had made it very hard for the people to
get provisions. So it was no wonder that Anne looked at the ginger cakes
and tarts as special delicacies, too precious to lie in the sand.
"I'll go to the outer beach by myself," decided Anne, "but I will not
eat my share of the luncheon. I do not see why Amanda should be angry,"
and the little girl walked on, choosing her way carefully among the
scrubby pine trees or patches of beach-plum bushes.
Amanda ran swiftly, and in a moment or two was almost back in the
Stoddards' dooryard!
"I mustn't go home," she said to herself; "they would question me, and I
would have to tell them all the wonderful news about Anne. And, oh," she
exclaimed aloud, "if I did not throw down the fine treat my mother put
in the basket. I'll go back for it; Anne Nelson has everything, but she
shall not have my tarts."
Amanda made her way back very carefully, hoping to get the basket and
escape without Anne seeing her. But when she reached the spot where
Anne had told the wonderful news neither the basket nor Anne was to be
seen.
"She's run off with my basket. She means to eat all that mother gave
me!" Amanda now felt that she had a just grievance against her playmate.
"I'll go home and tell my mother," she decided, and on the way home a
very wicked plan came into the little girl's mind. She pulled off her
gingham sunbonnet and threw it behind a bunch of plum bushes. She then
unbraided her neat hair and pulled it all about her face. For a moment
she thought of tearing a rent in her stout skirt, but did not. Then she
crawled under a wide-branched pine and lay down. "I must wait a time, or
my mother will think I am too quickly back," she decided, "and I do not
want to get home while Amos is there;" for Amanda knew well that her
brother would not credit the story which Amanda had resolved to tell:
that Anne had pushed her over in the sand, slapped her, and run off with
the basket of luncheon.
"My mother will go straight to Mistress Stoddard, and there'll be no
journeyings to Brewster to see Rose Freeman, or riding to Boston in a
fine chaise," decided the envious child.
So, while Anne kept on her way to the outer beach, carrying Amanda's
basket very carefully, and expecting every moment that Amanda would come
running after her, and that they would make friends, and enjoy the
goodies together, Amanda was thinking of all the pleasant things that a
journey to Boston would mean, and resolving to herself that if she could
not go neither should Anne. So envious was the unhappy child that she
tried to remember some unkindness that Anne had shown her, that she
might justify her own wrong-doing. But in spite of herself the thought
of Anne recalled only pleasant things. "I don't care," she resolved;
"she shan't go to Boston with Rose Freeman, and she has run off with the
basket."
"Mercy, child! What has befallen you, and where is Anne?" questioned
Mrs. Cary, as Amanda came slowly up to the kitchen door, where her
mother sat knitting.
"She's run off with my basket," whimpered Amanda, holding her apron over
her face.
"And is Anne Nelson to blame for your coming home in this condition?"
questioned Mrs. Cary, a little flush coming into her thin cheeks.
Amanda nodded; some way it seemed very hard to say that Anne had pushed
her down and slapped her.
"And run off with my basket," she repeated, "and next week she goes to
Brewster, and by carriage to Boston."
"Well, that's no reason why she should turn so upon you," declared Mrs.
Cary. "What made trouble between you?"
"I think it was because of this journey," replied Amanda. "She is so set
up by it, and she went off with the basket."
"Never mind about the basket, child; but it's a sad thing for Anne to so
lose her temper. You did quite right to come home, dear child; now brush
your hair neatly, and bathe your face, and then come with me to Mistress
Stoddard; though I like not our errand," concluded Mrs. Cary, rolling up
the stocking she was knitting.
Amanda looked at her mother pleadingly. "Why must I go to Mistress
Stoddard's?" she questioned. "I have run all the way home, and you know
she will not blame Anne; it will be me she will question and blame. Oh,
dear!" and Amanda, sure that her evil plan would be discovered, began to
sob bitterly.
"There, there! I did but think you could tell Mrs. Stoddard of Anne's
mischief. You need not go, child. Get you a ginger cake from the stone
jar in the cellar-way. I'll tell of the way Anne pushed you about, and
made off with the basket, and you sit here by the door. There's a sweet
breeze coming over the marshes," and, patting Amanda's ruffled locks,
Mrs. Cary took down her sunbonnet from its hook behind the door, and
prepared to set forth.
"I'll not be long away," she called back, as she passed down the sandy
path.
From the pleasant doorway Amanda watched her with a gloomy face. Her
plan was going on successfully, but Amanda did not feel happy. She was
dreading the time when Amos would return, and his sharp questioning, she
knew, would be a very different matter from her mother's acceptance of
her story.
"Everybody always thinks that Anne is right," she said aloud.
"Well, isn't she?" said a voice directly behind her, so near that Amanda
jumped up in surprise.
"How did you get into the house, Amos Cary!" she exclaimed angrily.
"Phew, Carrot-top! What's the matter?" responded Amos teasingly. "Say,
Sis, don't cry," he added. "I won't call you 'Carrot-top' again. You
know my hair's exactly the same color as yours, anyway; so it's just
like calling myself names."
But Amanda kept on sobbing. "It's Anne," she whimpered. "She--she--she's
run off with my basket."
"Anne!" exclaimed the boy in surprise. "Oh, well, she was only fooling.
She'll bring it back. You know Anne wouldn't do a mean thing."
"She would, too. She's going to Boston, and to Brewster, with Rose
Freeman," said Amanda.
"O-oh! So that's the trouble, is it?" said Amos. "Well, she'll come
back, so don't cry," and he stepped past her and ran down toward the
beach.
At Mrs. Stoddard's Mrs. Cary was repeating Amanda's story.
"I cannot understand it," said Mrs. Stoddard. "You know well, Mistress
Cary, that Anne is a pleasant child, and she and Amanda started out as
friendly as need be. Did Amanda say what began the trouble?"
Mrs. Cary shook her head. "No, she is at home crying her heart out about
it, poor child."
"I know not what to say," and Mrs. Stoddard's usually smiling face was
very grave. "Anne is not home yet, but I will question her. You may be
sure, Mistress Cary, that I will not let it pass. Her father leaves her
in my care when he is away, and perhaps I am too indulgent, for I love
the child."
It was an hour later when Anne came and peered in at the open door. Mrs.
Cary had gone home. Mrs. Stoddard looked at the little girl, but not
with her usual smile.
"Where is Amanda's basket?" she asked sharply. "Do not stand there; come
in." Anne obeyed. "Now, tell me why you pushed Amanda down, and slapped
her, and ran off with the basket of food? Mrs. Cary has been here and
told me all about it. A nice story indeed for me to hear. But like as
not it is my fault for indulging you in everything. But I shall be firm
now. Go up-stairs and stay until I call you; and as for that visit with
Rose Freeman, think no more of it. I shall not let you go. No, indeed,
after such a performance as this."
Anne thought to herself that she must be dreaming. "I shall wake up in a
minute," she said aloud, but Mrs. Stoddard did not hear her.
"Go right up-stairs," she repeated, and Anne, with a puzzled look over
her shoulder, went slowly up the narrow stairs.
CHAPTER II
ANNE DECIDES
"I don't know what to do," Anne whispered to herself, with a little sob,
as she looked out of the narrow window in her little room. Captain
Stoddard was coming briskly up the path; in a moment he would be
directly under the window. "I'll call to him, and if he answers I shall
know that I am awake," she decided, and leaning out she called softly:
"Uncle Enos! Uncle Enos!"
Captain Stoddard looked up, and answered briskly: "Anne Nelson, ahoy!"
"Uncle Enos, listen!" and Anne leaned out still farther. "I went toward
the outer beach with Amanda Cary, and she slapped me and ran off. And
when I came home Aunt Martha sent me up-stairs. Now what have I done?"
Captain Stoddard chuckled, then he looked very serious indeed, and
replied:
"A pretty affair! What have you | 1,410.989134 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.0684550 | 1,158 | 10 | The Project Gutenberg Etext of Wolfville Days, by Alfred Henry Lewis
Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check
the laws for your country before redistributing these files!!!
Please take a look at the important information in this header.
We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an
electronic path open for the next readers.
Please do not remove this.
This should be the first thing seen when anyone opens the book.
Do not change or edit it without written permission. The words
are carefully chosen to provide users with the information they
need about what they can legally do with the texts.
**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
**Etexts Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
*****These Etexts Are Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!*****
Information on contacting Project Gutenberg to get Etexts, and
further information is included below, including for donations.
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a 501(c)(3)
organization with EIN [Employee Identification Number] 64-6221541
Title: Wolfville Days
Author: Alfred Henry Lewis
Release Date: January, 2003 [Etext #3667]
[Yes, we are about one year ahead of schedule]
[The actual date this file first posted = 07/10/01]
Edition: 10
Language: English
The Project Gutenberg Etext of Wolfville Days, by Alfred Henry Lewis
*******This file should be named 3667.txt or 3667.zip******
This etext was produced by Charles Franks and the
Online Distributed Proofreading Team.
Project Gutenberg Etexts are usually created from multiple editions,
all of which are in the Public Domain in the United States, unless a
copyright notice is included. Therefore, we usually do NOT keep any
of these books in compliance with any particular paper edition.
We are now trying to release all our books one year in advance
of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing.
Please be encouraged to send us error messages even years after
the official publication date.
Please note neither this listing nor its contents are final til
midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
The official release date of all Project Gutenberg Etexts is at
Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month. A
preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment
and editing by those who wish to do so.
Most people start at our sites at:
http://gutenberg.net
http://promo.net/pg
Those of you who want to download any Etext before announcement
can surf to them as follows, and just download by date; this is
also a good way to get them instantly upon announcement, as the
indexes our cataloguers produce obviously take a while after an
announcement goes out in the Project Gutenberg Newsletter.
http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext03
or
ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext03
Or /etext02, 01, 00, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90
Just search by the first five letters of the filename you want,
as it appears in our Newsletters.
Information about Project Gutenberg (one page)
We produce about two million dollars for each hour we work. The
time it takes us, a rather conservative estimate, is fifty hours
to get any etext selected, entered, proofread, edited, copyright
searched and analyzed, the copyright letters written, etc. This
projected audience is one hundred million readers. If our value
per text is nominally estimated at one dollar then we produce $2
million dollars per hour this year as we release fifty new Etext
files per month, or 500 more Etexts in 2000 for a total of 3000+
If they reach just 1-2% of the world's population then the total
should reach over 300 billion Etexts given away by year's end.
The Goal of Project Gutenberg is to Give Away One Trillion Etext
Files by December 31, 2001. [10,000 x 100,000,000 = 1 Trillion]
This is ten thousand titles each to one hundred million readers,
which is only about 4% of the present number of computer users.
At our revised rates of production, we will reach only one-third
of that goal by the end of 2001, or about 4,000 Etexts unless we
manage to get some real funding.
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been created
to secure a future for Project Gutenberg into the next millennium.
We need your donations more than ever!
As of June 1, 2001 contributions are only being solicited from people in:
Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri,
Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma,
Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee,
Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming.
We have filed in about 45 states now, but these are the only ones
that have responded.
As the requirements for other states are met,
additions to this list will be made and fund raising
will begin in the additional states. Please feel
free to ask | 1,411.088495 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.0687170 | 1,785 | 9 |
Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive)
[Transcriber's Note: Underscores are used as delimiter for _italics_]
The Girl Warriors
_A BOOK FOR GIRLS_
[Illustration]
By ADENE WILLIAMS
David C. Cook Publishing Company
ELGIN, ILL.; OR
36 WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO.
Copyright, 1901.
By David C. Cook Publishing Company.
The Girl Warriors.
_A BOOK FOR GIRLS._
By ADENE WILLIAMS.
CHAPTER I.
THE BURTONS.
Winnifred Burton sat all alone in the pleasant sitting-room, curled up
in an easy-chair so large that her little figure was almost lost in its
great depths. The fire in the open grate burned brightly, sending out
little tongues of flame which made dancing shadows on the walls and
ceiling, and flashed ever and anon on the bright hair and face and dress
of the little girl sitting so quiet before it.
It was a dismal day near the close of January. Snow had been falling
steadily all day, and the window-sill was already piled so high with it
that by and by it would have to be brushed away in order to close the
shutters. But Winnifred was so absorbed in the book she was reading that
she knew nothing of all this. The book was a new edition of "The Giant
Killer; or, The Battle That All Must Fight." She was just reading how
the brave but tempted Fides lay in the dreadful Pit of Despair; of
how he had fallen back, bruised and bleeding, time after time, in his
endeavors to cut and climb his way out, before he found the little cord
of love which was strong enough to draw him out with scarcely an effort
of his own.
Twilight was fast closing in around the little reader, and all the
letters on the page were beginning to dance up and down. Impatiently
shaking herself, Winnifred slipped down from her chair, gave the fire
a little poke, and settled herself on the floor in front of it, holding
the book so that she could see to read by the flickering light. But she
had scarcely begun to do so, when the door opened. She gave a little
jump, and turned quite red in the face.
But it was only her little brother Ralph, who said: "'Innie, mamma says
if 'oo have 'oor lessons done, 'ou'se to come out and set the table for
supper."
Her lessons done! Winnie glanced at the pile of books lying on the
table by the window. Yes, there they all were--her geography, history,
grammar, arithmetic. When now would she have time to learn those
lessons? And she felt that she had been dishonest, too, because her
mother would perhaps have had something else for her to do, if she had
not supposed she was studying hard. However, there was no help for it
now, and with a rueful face she left the room.
Mrs. Burton was in the kitchen, so that Winnie escaped being questioned,
but just now she was taking herself to task, for she had a very guilty
conscience, and was wondering when she was going to begin fighting her
giants. She knew only too well what one of them was, and she knew
also that if she could not find time to learn those lessons, another
punishment beside the stings of her conscience would await her on the
morrow.
But presently her father and older brother came home; little Ralph ran
to get their slippers, while they took off their wet boots; supper was
put on the table, and they all sat down to the cheerful meal.
Mr. and Mrs. Burton had few rules for their household, but they had
one which was imperative: nothing but cheerful faces and cheerful
conversation was allowed at the table. Business or household worries
were kept for private conference, and the little griefs of the children
were not allowed to be mentioned.
Winnie soon forgot her anxiety in listening to the things that her
father and brother Jack were saying, and, as the talk was about
politics, and the tariff, and the state of the market, other little
girls may not be so interested as Winnie tried to make herself believe
that she was. So this will be a good time to describe them all, as they
sit at the table.
All of their acquaintances spoke of the Burtons as a very happy family,
and this opinion was undoubtedly correct, the reason for which will
appear later.
Mr. Burton is a tall, handsome, young-looking man, with brown eyes
having a merry twinkle in them; his eyebrows and moustache are dark and
heavy, and his firm mouth and chin show character and decision.
Mrs. Burton looks as young as her husband, and Winnie is always taken by
strangers to be her younger sister, which is a source of great delight
and comfort to the girl, as she is very proud of her dainty and stylish
mother. Mrs. Burton has soft brown hair, always prettily dressed; her
eyes are a deep, soft blue, shaded by long, curling lashes, and with
straight, delicate eyebrows above. Although she does much of the
household work, she manages, in some mysterious manner, to keep her
hands soft and white. Winnie sometimes steals up behind her mother and
puts her own little brown hands beside one of the soft white ones with
a little sigh--for she would like her own to be soft and white, too--but
more often with a merry laugh.
Eighteen-year-old Jack, except that he gives promise of attaining his
father's noble inches, is much like his mother. He had been intended for
one of the professions, but all of his talents and inclinations having
pointed to business, his father finally yielded the point of having him
go through college, and, upon his graduation from high-school the year
previous, took him into his own real estate office.
Winnie has eyes and hair like her father, but, in spite of her twelve
years, is so small and slight that she looks like a child of nine or
ten.
Four-year-old Ralph is the pet and beauty of the family. His hair
curls in loose rings all over his head. His hazel eyes have such large,
dilating pupils, and such a way of shining when anything is given him,
that his young aunts and uncles, together with Winnie and Jack, are
always giving him something for the pleasure of seeing his wondering
look.
"Well, my dear," said Mr. Burton to his wife, as they rose from the
table, "anything on the carpet for to-night?"
"Yes, if you don't think the weather too bad, I'd like to call on Mrs.
Brown after Ralph is put to bed."
"Winnie, I should like you to accompany Jack in one of his new violin
studies, while we are gone; but you must not forget that half past nine
is your bed-time."
[Illustration: "Now for the new music," Jack said.--See page 6.]
Poor Winnie! She dearly liked playing Jack's accompaniments, but the
unlearned lessons rose up before her, and she said, "Oh, mamma, I can't
to-night; I haven't done my lessons!"
"Well, Winnie, this has happened three or four times within the last
week. If several study bells in school and two hours in the afternoon
are not sufficient for you to keep up with your classes, I'd rather
you'd go back a year. I want you to be educated thoroughly, but I can't
have you 'crammed,' and you're too young to do studying at night."
"Mamma, that is time enough for me to do all my school work; but, like
the Little Women, I have something to ''fess,' and if you'll let
me study this time, I think that after this I'll get through in the
daytime."
"Very well; but remember, if this is of frequent occurrence, I'll have
to consult Mr. Bowen and see if you are overworked."
Jack and Mr. Burton had heard none of | 1,411.088757 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.1292440 | 3,747 | 31 |
E-text prepared by Ann Jury, Melissa McDaniel, and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made
available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 44418-h.htm or 44418-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44418/44418-h/44418-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44418/44418-h.zip)
Images of the original pages are available through
Internet Archive. See
https://archive.org/details/italiandaysways00wharuoft
Transcriber's note:
Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
ITALIAN DAYS AND WAYS
[THIRD EDITION]
* * * * * *
_By Anne Hollingsworth Wharton_
Italian Days and Ways. Decorated title and 8 illustrations.
Crown, 8vo. Cloth, extra, $1.50 _net_.
Social Life in the Early Republic. Profusely illustrated.
8vo. Buckram, gilt top, uncut edges, $3.00 _net_; half levant,
$6.00 _net_.
Salons, Colonial and Republican. Profusely illustrated. 8vo.
Buckram, $3.00; three-quarters levant, $6.00.
Heirlooms in Miniatures. Profusely illustrated. 8vo. Buckram,
$3.00; three-quarters levant, $6.00.
Through Colonial Doorways. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
Colonial Days and Dames. Illustrated. 12mo. Cloth, $1.25.
A Last Century Maid. Illustrated. 4to. Cloth, $1.25.
* * * * * *
[Illustration: Castello Sant' Angelo]
ITALIAN DAYS AND WAYS
by
ANNE HOLLINGSWORTH WHARTON
With Illustrations
[Illustration: Church of S. Damian, Assisi]
Philadelphia and London
J. B. Lippincott Company
MCMVII
Copyright, 1906 By J. B. Lippincott Company
Published, November, 1906
CONTENTS
PAGE
I LA SUPERBA IN THE CLOUDS 9
II ALONG THE RIVIERA 27
III CAPTURED BY A CABMAN 39
IV AN EXCITING DRIVE 53
V BELLA ROMA 76
VI A POET'S CORNER 93
VII ANTIQUITIES AND ORANGE-BLOSSOMS 102
VIII VIA APPIA 116
IX TU ES PETRUS 129
X VALE ROMA 145
XI SHORT JOURNEYS 158
XII AN UMBRIAN IDYL 173
XIII A SUNDAY IN ASSISI 192
XIV THE CITY OF FLOWERS 211
XV AN EARTHLY PARADISE 232
XVI FIESOLE 253
XVII HAPS AND HAPPENINGS 272
XVIII ANGELA'S LETTER 295
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
CASTELLO SANT' ANGELO _Frontispiece_
THE BAY OF NAPLES. _Photographed by Dr. Bertha Lewis_ 41
ON THE ROAD TO PAESTUM. _Photographed by Dr. Bertha Lewis_ 59
AN AMAZONIAN TRIBUTE, CAPRI. _Photographed by Dr. Bertha Lewis_ 71
CYPRESS WALK, HADRIAN'S VILLA 87
A STREET IN FLORENCE 212
THE MICHAEL ANGELO WELL AT THE CERTOSA, FLORENCE 269
PALAZZO REZZONICO 277
ITALIAN DAYS AND WAYS
I
LA SUPERBA IN THE CLOUDS
GENOA, February 19th.
Your most interesting letter, Sir Philosopher, reached me at Gibraltar,
and served to give me a homelike feeling in that alien land of Spain.
Any one who can write letters as interesting as yours, from your
library, with the mercury at zero outside, and nothing more refreshing
to look upon from the window than snow and sleet, does not need to
wander in sunny lands and among ancient ruins for an inspiration. No,
travel would be absolutely wasted upon you, who require only a cigar
and a wood fire to encourage your "reveries of a bachelor."
You wish to know what are my first impressions of Italy, and how
we three women get on together? To be perfectly candid with you, we
ourselves are not wandering in sunny lands at present, and the cheerful
blaze of your library fire would prove most welcome to benumbed fingers
and pinched noses.
Our welcome to Genoa was not particularly cheerful. It had been raining
for days; the sky was heavy with clouds, and the air chilly and damp.
We can well understand why the prudent and all-informing Baedeker
advises invalids visiting Genoa at this time to guard against raw winds
and abrupt changes of temperature.
We enjoyed coming into the fine harbor, around which Genoa is built
upon its hills and terraces in the form of a half-circle, the city
widening out toward the ends of the arc. On the hills, we know, are
many beautiful villas, seen to-day but dimly through veils of mist, and
beyond are the mountains, which in clear weather must add much to the
charm of this old fortress as seen from the sea.
Zelphine says that it would be very ungrateful of us if we were to
complain of cloudy weather, as the skies might be pouring down upon
us instead of only threatening, and, after all, we are having the same
good luck that we had in Madeira, Granada, and Algiers in coming after
the rain instead of before it.
And how do we get on together? Really, monsieur, you display courage
when you ask that question, as I might here and now unburden my mind
of a long list of grievances. As it is, however, I have so far no
woes to relate, although I know that a sojourn on the Continent has
wrecked many a friendship. We three must appear to those who meet us
an ill-assorted trio; but because of our individualities we may be the
better fitted to stand the crucial test of a tour of indefinite length,
whose only object is pleasure.
Zelphine is the encyclopaedia of the party, and, as Angela says,
her information is always on tap, besides which she is amiable and
refreshingly romantic. It is inspiring to travel with a woman, no
longer young, to whom the world and its inhabitants still wear "the
glory and the dream." On the other hand, when one is suffering from
the discomforts of travel to such an extent that it would be a luxury
to moan and groan a bit and find fault with the general condition of
things, it is a trifle irritating to see Zelphine sailing serenely upon
the seas of high content, apparently above such trifling accidents as
material comfort. You, being a man and consequently a philosopher of
greater or less degree, may not be able to understand this; it is just
here that Zelphine and I might quarrel, but we "generally most always"
do not.
Angela you have scarcely known since she was a little girl, when she
was a prime favorite of yours. In the half-hour in which you saw her,
just before we sailed, you must have realized that in appearance she
had fulfilled the promise of her beautiful childhood. She is a spirited
creature, but with a fine balance of common sense, and with her
delicate, spirituelle beauty is astonishingly practical--an up-to-date
girl, in fine. Have you ever wondered, among your many ponderings,
why the girls of to-day, with the beauty of their great-grandmothers,
should be utterly devoid of the sentiment that enhanced the loveliness
of those dear ladies as perfume adds to the charm of a flower? This
question I leave with you for future solution.
Here in Genoa we meet the narrow, precipitous passages, streets by
courtesy, which interested us in the Moorish quarter of Algiers, dating
back in both cases to remote antiquity. They are to be found, we are
told, in every old Italian town. Many of them answer to Hawthorne's
description of the streets of Perugia, which, he says, are "like
caverns, being arched all over and plunging down abruptly towards an
unknown darkness, which, when you have fathomed its depths, admits you
to a daylight that you scarcely hoped to behold again."
Old palaces overshadow these narrow, crooked streets, built many
stories high and close together for protection against enemies without
and factional feuds at home; such as those between the powerful
houses of Doria, Spinola, Fieschi, and the like. The majority of these
buildings have fallen from their ancient glory, and look, as Angela
says, like tenement houses. This plebeian association is carried out
by the squalid appearance of the inhabitants, and by the clothes-lines
stretched across the streets from window to window, on which are hung
garments of every size, degree, color, and ingenuity of patch, the
predominant red and white lending a certain picturesqueness to the
motley array.
Turning a corner, we suddenly found ourselves in the midst of a
quarrel, or a violent altercation at the best, between a pretty signora
at a fourth-floor window and a vendor of fruits and vegetables on the
sidewalk below. The language which the lady used, as she leaned far
out of the window, was so vigorous that no interpreter was needed to
make her meaning plain: the merchant was a charlatan and a villain;
the saints were all called upon as witnesses to his depravity. He, the
so-called vendor of over-ripe fruit, pointed to his wares, beating his
breast and spreading out his hands in token of his spotless innocence.
He sell over-ripe oranges? All his neighbors would testify to his
poverty and that of his family because he, honest one, daily sacrificed
hundreds of oranges to satisfy his unreasonable customers!
The signora's dark eyes flashed, the Spanish mantilla upon her head
shook in sympathy with the violence of her emotions, as she repeated
her vocabulary of epithets. We were thankful that four stories
separated the combatants, and retiring under the shadow of a doorway we
anxiously awaited results. Something happened, we know not what; the
fruit may have been reduced the fraction of a penny; whatever it was,
a truce was declared, during which the signora's basket, filled with
fruit and artichokes, was drawn up to the window by a rope. After the
lady had carefully inspected each individual fruit and vegetable, she
smiled blandly, lowered some money in her basket, and the pair parted
with bows and compliments. Juliet on her balcony could not have been
more graceful, nor Romeo on the pavement below more gallant than this
shabby _venditore_, as he swept the ground with his cap, one hand upon
his heart!
Feeling that we owed something to somebody for the pleasure that this
little drama had afforded us, we crossed the street and bought from the
chief actor some fresh dates such as we had first tasted in Algiers.
As we paid the asking price without protest, we felt quite sure that
the valiant little merchant was making off us anything that he may have
lost in his previous transaction; but the dates, of a delicate amber
color, as sweet as honey and almost as transparent, were worth whatever
price we paid for them.
After much turning and retracing of steps, and laughing over being lost
and not having the power to make inquiries with any certainty of being
understood, we finally gained wider and more open streets, and on the
Piazza Banchi found an exchange, where we were able to get some money
on our letters of credit.
After attending to this practical detail we turned into the little old
Via Orefici, Jewellers' Street, with its many goldsmiths' shops. Over
one of the doors is a Virgin and Child, so beautiful that it cost the
artist his life. Pellegrino Piola's master, insanely jealous of this
work of his pupil, rose up in wrath and killed him. Even the patron,
St. Eloy, was unable to save poor Piola's life, but the guild of
smiths, who revere St. Eloy as their patron saint, invoked his aid to
preserve this lovely fresco from the ruthless hands of Napoleon when he
would have carried it off to France.
As we passed window after window, some with their display of exquisite
gold and silver filigree and others containing lofty pyramids of the
most delicious-looking candied fruit, Angela said that after a few
hours' stay in Genoa she was quite sure of two characteristics of the
Genoese: a passion for jewelry, especially of the filigree sort, and an
inordinate appetite for sweets. The pretty, delicate ornaments, I am
inclined to think, are only spread forth to tempt the unwary tourist;
but the Italian taste for sweets is proverbial, whetted, doubtless,
by the high price of sugar and the exquisiteness of the native
confections.
Strolling along the fine, wide Via Vittorio Emanuele, eating our dates
like true Bohemians and gazing about us upon the sights of the strange
city, we turned, almost involuntarily, into the busy thoroughfare of
the Via San Lorenzo, where we were confronted by the great facade of
the cathedral of the same name, with huge stone lions standing guard
at the door. Above the entrance--grewsome and realistic spectacle--is
poor St. Lawrence broiling away on his stone gridiron! We shall
doubtless behold many such spectacles during our travels, and may, like
Mark Twain, become quite hardened to the sight of St. Sebastian stuck
full of arrows, and of lovely young St. Anastasia and of many others,
of whom the world was not worthy, smiling amid the flames; but this
realistic thrusting of St. Lawrence and his gridiron into the life
of to-day, as an ornament to a church, impressed us as unworthy of a
people credited with a sense of beauty and fitness.
We were thankful to turn from the cathedral, whose interior we may
explore to-morrow, and, like good Americans, wend our way along the
Via Balbi, with its many palaces and handsome university buildings,
to a lovely little square called Acquaverde, where there is a handsome
modern statue of Columbus. Beside the really fine figure of the Genoese
navigator is a woman who represents either Columbia or an Italianized
American Indian, we were not sure which, to whom Columbus is offering
the Catholic religion and other blessings of civilization. From the
benevolent expression of the donor it is evident that he is making
the presentation in good faith, although the lady appears singularly
indifferent to the gifts offered her.
Some children with large, dark eyes and round, rosy cheeks, beautiful
enough to serve as models for the Holy Child and St. John, were playing
in the little green square some rhymed game in which their high, clear
voices rang out joyously. It was probably an Italian equivalent for
"ring-around-the-rosy" or "hot butter-beans." We longed to know just
what the words meant. Zelphine bribed the singers with soldi to an
encore; but, alas! the song fell upon ears dull of understanding. This
was the merriest scene that we have found in Genoa, which does not
impress us as a gay city at all; but what mature and sane community
could be merry under skies as leaden as these?
We are lodged in an old palace, which opens out on those most
disappointing arcades of which we have read such fascinating
descriptions. We see no pretty young Genoese women in thin muslin veils
nor handsome matrons in veils of flowered chintz; probably the rain
keeps them and their finery indoors. We remind ourselves, from time
to time, that we are dwelling in marble halls for the first time in
our lives, and yet some of the appointments of this rather expensive
_albergo_ are not equal to those of a second or third class hotel in
America. My room is spacious, with windows opening to the floor and
commanding a fine view of the harbor, where many ships lie at anchor,
among them the floating city | 1,411.149284 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2289790 | 1,910 | 10 |
Produced by David Widger
THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS M.A. F.R.S.
CLERK OF THE ACTS AND SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY
TRANSCRIBED FROM THE SHORTHAND MANUSCRIPT IN THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY
MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE BY THE REV. MYNORS BRIGHT M.A. LATE FELLOW
AND PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE
(Unabridged)
WITH LORD BRAYBROOKE'S NOTES
EDITED WITH ADDITIONS BY
HENRY B. WHEATLEY F.S.A.
DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS.
JUNE & JULY
1668
June 1st. Up and with Sir J. Minnes to Westminster, and in the Hall there
I met with Harris and Rolt, and carried them to the Rhenish wine-house,
where I have not been in a morning--nor any tavern, I think, these seven
years and more. Here I did get the words of a song of Harris that I
wanted. Here also Mr. Young and Whistler by chance met us, and drank with
us. Thence home, and to prepare business against the afternoon, and did
walk an hour in the garden with Sir W. Warren, who do tell me of the great
difficulty he is under in the business of his accounts with the
Commissioners of Parliament, and I fear some inconveniences and troubles
may be occasioned thereby to me. So to dinner, and then with Sir J.
Minnes to White Hall, and there attended the Lords of the Treasury and
also a committee of Council with the Duke of York about the charge of this
year's fleete, and thence I to Westminster and to Mrs. Martin's, and did
hazer what je would con her, and did once toker la thigh de su landlady,
and thence all alone to Fox Hall, and walked and saw young Newport, and
two more rogues of the town, seize on two ladies, who walked with them an
hour with their masks on; perhaps civil ladies; and there I left them, and
so home, and thence to Mr. Mills's, where I never was before, and here
find, whom I indeed saw go in, and that did make me go thither, Mrs.
Hallworthy and Mrs. Andrews, and here supped, and, extraordinary merry
till one in the morning, Mr. Andrews coming to us: and mightily pleased
with this night's company and mirth I home to bed. Mrs. Turner, too, was
with us.
2nd. Up, and to the office, where all the morning. At noon home to
dinner, and there dined with me, besides my own people, W. Batelier and
Mercer, and we very merry. After dinner, they gone, only Mercer and I to
sing a while, and then parted, and I out and took a coach, and called
Mercer at their back-door, and she brought with her Mrs. Knightly, a
little pretty sober girl, and I carried them to Old Ford, a town by Bow,
where I never was before, and there walked in the fields very pleasant,
and sang: and so back again, and stopped and drank at the Gun, at Mile
End, and so to the Old Exchange door, and did buy them a pound of
cherries, cost me 2s., and so set them down again; and I to my little
mercer's Finch, that lives now in the Minories, where I have left my
cloak, and did here baiser su moher, a belle femme, and there took my
cloak which I had left there, and so by water, it being now about nine
o'clock, down to Deptford, where I have not been many a day, and there it
being dark I did by agreement aller a la house de Bagwell, and there after
a little playing and baisando we did go up in the dark a su camera. . .
and to my boat again, and against the tide home. Got there by twelve
o'clock, taking into my boat, for company, a man that desired a passage--a
certain western bargeman, with whom I had good sport, talking of the old
woman of Woolwich, and telling him the whole story.
3rd. Up, and to the office, where busy till g o'clock, and then to White
Hall, to the Council-chamber, where I did present the Duke of York with an
account of the charge of the present fleete, to his satisfaction; and this
being done, did ask his leave for my going out of town five or six days,
which he did give me, saying, that my diligence in the King's business was
such, that I ought not to be denied when my own business called me any
whither. Thence with Sir D. Gawden to Westminster, where I did take a
turn or two, and met Roger Pepys, who is mighty earnest for me to stay
from going into the country till he goes, and to bring my people thither
for some time: but I cannot, but will find another time this summer for
it. Thence with him home, and there to the office till noon, and then
with Lord Brouncker, Sir J. Minnes, and Sir G. Carteret, upon whose
accounts they have been this day to the Three Tuns to dinner, and thence
back again home, and after doing a little business I by coach to the
King's house, and there saw good, part of "The Scornfull Lady," and that
done, would have takn out Knepp, but she was engaged, and so to my Lord
Crew's to visit him; from whom I learn nothing but that there hath been
some controversy at the Council-table, about my Lord Sandwich's signing,
where some would not have had him, in the treaty with Portugall; but all,
I think, is over in it. Thence by coach to Westminster to the Hall, and
thence to the Park, where much good company, and many fine ladies; and in
so handsome a hackney I was, that I believe Sir W. Coventry and others,
who looked on me, did take me to be in one of my own, which I was a little
troubled for. So to the lodge, and drank a cup of new milk, and so home,
and there to Mrs. Turner's, and sat and talked with her, and then home to
bed, having laid my business with W. Hewer to go out of town Friday next,
with hopes of a great deal of pleasure.
4th. Up, and to the office, where all the morning, and at noon home to
dinner, where Mr. Clerke, the solicitor, dined with me and my clerks.
After dinner I carried and set him down at the Temple, he observing to me
how St. Sepulchre's church steeple is repaired already a good deal, and
the Fleet Bridge is contracted for by the City to begin to be built this
summer, which do please me mightily. I to White Hall, and walked through
the Park for a little ayre; and so back to the Council-chamber, to the
Committee of the Navy, about the business of fitting the present fleete,
suitable to the money given, which, as the King orders it, and by what
appears, will be very little; and so as I perceive the Duke of York will
have nothing to command, nor can intend to go abroad. But it is pretty to
see how careful these great men are to do every thing so as they may
answer it to the Parliament, thinking themselves safe in nothing but where
the judges, with whom they often advise, do say the matter is doubtful;
and so they take upon themselves then to be the chief persons to interpret
what is doubtful. Thence home, and all the evening to set matters in
order against my going to Brampton to-morrow, being resolved upon my
journey, and having the Duke of York's leave again to-day; though I do
plainly see that I can very ill be spared now, there being much business,
especially about this, which I have attended the Council about, and I the
man that am alone consulted with; and, besides, my Lord Brouncker is at
this time ill, and Sir W. Pen. So things being put in order at the
Office, I home to do the like there; and so to bed.
5th (Friday).
[The rough notes for the journal from this time to the 17th of June
are contained on five leaves | 1,411.249019 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2290280 | 4,139 | 14 |
Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive)
[Transcriber's Note: Underscores are used as delimiters for _italics_]
AN UNSINKABLE TITANIC
[Illustration: Photo by Brown Bros., New York
STOKE-HOLE OF A TRANSATLANTIC LINER]
AN
UNSINKABLE
TITANIC
EVERY SHIP
ITS OWN LIFEBOAT
BY
J. BERNARD WALKER
Editor of the Scientific American
[Illustration]
NEW YORK
DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY
1912
COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY
DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY
Published, July, 1912
THE QUINN & BODEN CO. PRESS
RAHWAY, N. J.
To
THE MEMORY OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER OF THE _TITANIC_,
JOHN BELL,
AND HIS STAFF OF THIRTY-THREE ASSISTANTS,
WHO STOOD AT THEIR POSTS IN THE ENGINE-
AND BOILER-ROOMS TO THE VERY LAST,
AND WENT DOWN WITH THE SHIP,
THIS WORK IS DEDICATED
PREFACE
It is the object of this work to show that, in our eagerness to make the
ocean liner fast and luxurious, we have forgotten to make her safe.
The safest ocean liner was the _Great Eastern_; and she was built
over fifty years ago. Her designer aimed to make the ship practically
unsinkable--and he succeeded; for she passed through a more severe
ordeal than the _Titanic_, survived it, and came into port under her own
steam.
Since her day, the shipbuilder has eliminated all but one of the safety
devices which made the _Great Eastern_ a ship so difficult to sink.
Nobody, not even the shipbuilders themselves, seemed to realise what was
being done, until, suddenly, the world's finest vessel, in all the
pride of her maiden voyage, struck an iceberg and went to the bottom in
something over two and a half hours' time!
If we learn the lesson of this tragedy, we shall lose no time in getting
back to first principles. We shall reintroduce in all future passenger
ships those simple and effective elements of safety--the double
skin, the longitudinal bulkhead, and the watertight deck--which were
conspicuous in the _Great Eastern_, and which alone can render such a
ship as the _Titanic_ unsinkable.
* * * * *
The author's acknowledgments are due to the "Scientific American" for
many of the photographs and line drawings reproduced in this volume;
to an article by Professor J. H. Biles, published in "Engineering," for
material relating to the Board of Trade stipulations as to bulkheads;
to Sir George C. V. Holmes and the Victoria and Albert Museum for data
regarding the _Great Eastern_, published in "Ancient and Modern Ships";
to Naval Constructor R. H. M. Robinson, U.S.N., for permission to
reproduce certain drawings from his work, "Naval Construction," and
to Naval Constructor Henry Williams, U.S.N., who courteously read the
proofs of this work and offered many valuable suggestions. The original
wash and line drawings are by Mr. C. McKnight Smith.
J. B. W.
NEW YORK, _June_, 1912.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. INTRODUCTORY 1
II. THE EVER-PRESENT DANGERS OF THE SEA 19
III. EVERY SHIP ITS OWN LIFEBOAT 35
IV. SAFETY LIES IN SUBDIVISION 51
V. THE UNSINKABLE _GREAT EASTERN_ OF
1858 69
VI. THE SINKABLE _TITANIC_ 91
VII. HOW THE GREAT SHIP WENT DOWN 116
VIII. WARSHIP PROTECTION AGAINST RAM,
MINE, AND TORPEDO 136
IX. WARSHIP PROTECTION AS APPLIED TO
SOME OCEAN LINERS 161
X. CONCLUSIONS 179
ILLUSTRATIONS
Stoke-Hole of a Transatlantic Liner _Frontispiece_
PAGE
Riveting the Outer Skin on the Frames of a
65,000-Ton Ocean Liner 3
Growth of the Transatlantic Steamer from 1840
to 1912 7
Receiving Submarine Signals on the Bridge 13
Taking the Temperature of the Water 17
Fire-Drill on a German Liner: Stewards are Closing
Door in Fire-Protection Bulkhead 21
Fire-Drill on a German Liner: Hose from Bellows
Supplies Fresh Air to Man with Smoke Helmet 25
Fire-Drill on a German Liner: Test of Fire-Mains
is Made Every Time the Ship is in Port 29
The 44,000-Ton, 25-1/2-Knot _Lusitania_ 37
Provisioning the Boats During a Boat Drill 43
Loading and Lowering Boats, Stowed Athwartships 43
The Elaborate Installation of Telegraphs, Telephones,
Voice-Tubes, etc., on the Bridge of an
Ocean Liner 47
Hydraulically-operated, Watertight Door in an
Engine-Room Bulkhead 53
Diagram Showing Protective Value of Transverse
and Longitudinal Bulkheads, Watertight Decks,
and Inner Skin 57
Closing, from the Bridge, All Watertight Doors
Throughout the Ship by Pulling a Lever 63
_Great Eastern_, 1858; Most Completely Protected
Passenger Ship Ever Built 71
Longitudinal Section and Plan of the _Great
Eastern_, 1858 77
Two Extremes in Protection, and a Compromise 83
_Great Eastern_, Lying at Foot of Canal Street,
North River, New York 87
Fifty Years' Decline in Safety Construction 93
_Olympic_, Sister to _Titanic_, reaching New York
on Maiden Voyage 97
The Framing and Some of the Deck Beams of the
_Imperator_, as Seen from Inside the Bow,
Before the Outside Plating is Riveted On 103
How the Plating of the Inner Bottom of Such a
Ship as the _Titanic_ May Be Carried up the
Side Frames to Form an Inner Skin 107
Twenty of the Twenty-nine Boilers of the _Titanic_
Assembled Ready for Placing in the Ship 111
The Last Photograph of the _Titanic_, Taken as
She was Leaving Southampton on Her Maiden
Voyage 117
Swimming Pool on the _Titanic_ 121
The _Titanic_ Struck a Glancing Blow Against an
Under-Water Shelf of the Iceberg, Opening up
Five Compartments 125
Comparison of Subdivision in Two Famous Ships 129
The Vast Dining-Room of the _Titanic_ 133
The United States Battleship _Kansas_ 137
Plan and Longitudinal Section of the Battleship
_Connecticut_ 143
Midship Section of a Battleship 149
Safety Lies in Subdivision 155
The 65,000-Ton, 23-Knot _Imperator_, Largest Ship
Afloat 159
Longitudinal Section and Plan of the _Imperator_ 163
The Rotor, or Rotating Element, of One of the
Low-Pressure Turbines of the _Imperator_ 167
The 26,000-Ton, 23-1/2-Knot _Kronprinzessin Cecilie_,
a Thoroughly Protected Ship 171
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTORY
Among the many questions which have arisen out of the loss of the
_Titanic_ there is one, which, in its importance as affecting the safety
of ocean travel, stands out preeminent:
"Why did this ship, the latest, the largest, and supposedly the safest
of ocean liners, go to the bottom so soon after collision with an
iceberg?"
The question is one to which, as yet, no answer that is perfectly clear
to the lay mind has been made. We know that the collision was the result
of daring navigation; that the wholesale loss of life was due to the
lack of lifeboats and the failure to fill completely the few that were
available; and that, had it not been for the amazing indifference or
stupidity of the captain of a nearby steamer, who failed to answer
the distress signals of the sinking vessel, the whole of the ship's
complement might have been saved.
But the ship itself--why did she so quickly go to the bottom after
meeting with an accident, which, in spite of its stupendous results,
must be reckoned as merely one among the many risks of transatlantic
travel?
So far as the loss of the ship itself was concerned, it is certain that
the stupefaction with which the news of her sinking was received was due
to the belief that her vast size was a guarantee against disaster--that
the ever-increasing dimensions of length, breadth, and tonnage had
conferred upon the modern ocean liner a certain immunity against the
dangers of travel by sea. The fetish of mere size seems, indeed, to have
affected even the officers in command of these modern leviathans.
Surely it must have thrown its spell over the captain of the ill-fated
_Titanic_, who, in spite of an oft-repeated warning that there was a
large field of ice ahead, followed the usual practice, if the night
is clear, and ran his ship at full speed into the zone of danger, as
though, forsooth, he expected the _Titanic_ to brush the ice floes
aside, and split asunder any iceberg that might stand in her way.
[Illustration: Courtesy of _Scientific American_
RIVETTING THE OUTER SKIN ON THE FRAMES OF A 65,000-TON OCEAN LINER]
Confidence in the indestructibility of the _Titanic_, moreover, was
stimulated by the fact that she was supposed to be the "last word" in
first-class steamship construction, the culmination of three-quarters
of a century of experience in building safe and stanch vessels. In the
official descriptions of the ship, widely distributed at the time of
her launching, the safety elements of her construction were freely dwelt
upon. This literature rang the changes on stout bulkheads, watertight
compartments, automatic, self-closing bulkhead doors, etc.,--and
honestly so. There is every reason to believe that the celebrated firm
who built the ship, renowned the world over for the high character of
their work; the powerful company whose flag she carried; aye, and even
her talented designer, who was the first to pronounce the _Titanic_ a
doomed vessel and went down with the ship, were united in the belief
that the size of the _Titanic_ and her construction were such that
she was unsinkable by any of the ordinary accidents to which the
transatlantic liner is liable.
How comes it, then, that this noble vessel lies to-day at the bottom of
the Atlantic in two thousand fathoms of water?
A review of the progress of those constructive arts which affect the
safety of human life seems to show that it needs the spur of great
disasters, such as this, to concentrate the attention of the engineer
and the architect upon the all-important question of safety. More
important than considerations of convenience, economy, speed of
construction, or even revenue-earning capacity, are those of the value
and sanctity of human life. Too frequently these considerations are
the last to receive attention. This is due less to indifference than
to inadvertence--a failure to remember that an accident which may be
insignificant in its effect on steel and stone, may be fatal to frail
flesh and blood. Furthermore, the monumental disasters, and particularly
those occurring in this age of great constructive works, are
frequently traceable to hidden or unsuspected causes, the existence and
potentialities of which are revealed only when the mischief has been
done. A faulty method of construction, containing in itself huge
possibilities of disaster, may be persisted in for years without
revealing its lurking menace. Here and there, now and then, some minor
mischance will direct the attention of the few to the peril; but the
excitement will be local and passing. It takes a "horror"--a "holocaust"
of human life, with all its attendant exploitation in the press and the
monthly magazine, to awaken a busy and preoccupied world to the danger
and beget those stringent laws and improved constructions which are the
earmarks of progress towards an ideal civilisation.
[Illustration: Courtesy of _Scientific American_.
Note how far the _Great Eastern_ was ahead of her time. She was not
exceeded until the advent of the _Oceanic_ in 1899.
GROWTH OF THE TRANSATLANTIC STEAMER FROM 1840 TO 1912]
Not many years ago, there was being erected across the St. Lawrence
River a huge bridge, with the largest single span in the world, which
it was believed would be not only the largest but the strongest and most
enduring structure of its kind in existence. It was being built under
the supervision of one of the leading bridge engineers of the world;
its design was of an approved type, which had long been standard in the
Western Hemisphere; and the steelwork was being fabricated in one of the
best equipped bridge works in the country. Nevertheless, when one great
cantilever was about completed, and before any live load had been
placed on it, the structure collapsed under its own weight. One of the
principal members--a massive steel column, five feet square and sixty
feet long--crumpled up as though it had been a boy's tin whistle, and
allowed the whole bridge to fall into the St. Lawrence, carrying eighty
men to their death! The disaster was traced to a very insignificant
cause--the failure of some small angle-bars, 3-1/2 inches in width, by
which the parts of the massive member were held in place. No engineer
had suspected that danger lurked in these little angle-bars. Had the
accident happened to a bridge of moderate size, the lessons of the
failure would have been noted by the engineers and contractors; it would
have formed the subject, possibly, of a paper before some engineering
society, and the warning would have had results merely local and
temporary. But the failure of this monumental structure, with a loss
of life so appalling, gave to the disaster a world-wide notoriety. It
became the subject of a searching enquiry by a highly expert board; the
unsuspected danger which lurked in the existing and generally approved
methods of building up massive steel columns was acknowledged; and safer
rules of construction were adopted.
It took the Baltimore conflagration to teach us the strong and weak
points of our much-vaunted systems of fireproof construction. Only
when San Francisco, after repeated warnings, had seen the whole of its
business section shaken down and ravaged by fire, did she set about the
construction of a city that would be proof against fire and earthquake.
It was the spectacle of maimed and dying passengers being slowly burned
to death in the wreckage of colliding wooden cars, that led to the
abolition of the heating stove and the oil lamp; and it was the risk of
fire, coupled with the shocking injuries due to splintering of wooden
cars, that brought in the era of the electrically lighted, strong, and
incombustible steel car.
The conditions attending the loss of the _Titanic_ were so heartrending,
and its appeal has been so world-wide, as to lead us to expect that the
tragedy will be preeminently fruitful in those reforms which, as we have
shown, usually follow a disaster of this magnitude. Had the ship been
less notable and the toll of human life less terrible, the disaster
might have failed to awaken that sense of distrust in present methods
which is at the root of all thorough-going reform. The measure of the
one compensation which can be recovered from this awful loss of life and
treasure, will depend upon the care with which its lessons are learned
and the fidelity with which they are carried out.
Unquestionably, public faith in the security of ocean travel has been
rudely shaken. The defects, however, which are directly answerable for
the sinking of this ship are fortunately of such a character that they
can be easily corrected; and if certain necessary and really very simple
changes in construction are made (and they can be made without any
burdensome increase in the cost) we do not hesitate to say that future
passenger travel on a first-class ocean-going steamship will be rendered
absolutely safe.
[Illustration: Small dial indicates whether signals come from port or
starboard.
RECEIVING SUBMARINE SIGNALS ON THE BRIDGE]
The duty of a passenger steamer, such as the _Titanic_, may be regarded
as threefold: She must stay afloat; she must provide a comfortable
home for a small townful of people; and she must carry them to their
destination with as much speed as is compatible with safety and comfort.
Evidently the first condition, as to safety, should be paramount. When
it has been determined to build a ship of a certain size and weight
(in the case of the _Titanic_ the weight was 60,000 tons, loaded) the
designer should be permitted to appropriate to the safety elements of
her construction every pound of steel that he may wish to employ. In
a vessel like the _Titanic_, which is to be entrusted with the care of
three or four thousand souls, he should be permitted to double-skin
the ship, and divide and subdivide the hull with bulkheads, until he is
satisfied that the vessel is unsinkable by any of the ordinary accidents
of the sea. When these demands have been met, he may pile deck upon deck
and crowd as big a boiler- and engine-plant into this unsinkable hull as
the balance of the weights at his disposal will allow.
Unfortunately the Board of Trade requirements under which the _Titanic | 1,411.249068 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2606340 | 98 | 6 |
Produced by Al Haines
[Frontispiece: "So you're not dead after all, my hearty." _Page 37_]
[Illustration: Title page]
THE WRECKERS
OF
SABLE ISLAND
BY
J. MACDONALD OXLEY
_Author of "Up Among the Ice-Floes," "Diamond Rock," &c._
T. NELSON AND SONS
_London | 1,411.280674 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2618550 | 1,478 | 31 |
Produced by Jo Churcher. HTML version by Al Haines.
THE PRINCESS AND THE GOBLIN
by
GEORGE MACDONALD
CONTENTS
1. Why the Princess Has a Story About Her
2. The Princess Loses Herself
3. The Princess and--We Shall See Who
4. What the Nurse Thought of It
5. The Princess Lets Well Alone
6. The Little Miner
7. The Mines
8. The Goblins
9. The Hall of the Goblin Palace
10. The Princess's King-Papa
11. The Old Lady's Bedroom
12. A Short Chapter About Curdie
13. The Cobs' Creatures
14. That Night Week
15. Woven and then Spun
16. The Ring
17. Springtime
18. Curdie's Clue
19. Goblin Counsels
20. Irene's Clue
21. The Escape
22. The Old Lady and Curdie
23. Curdie and His Mother
24. Irene Behaves Like a Princess
25. Curdie Comes to Grief
26. The Goblin-Miners
27. The Goblins in the King's House
28. Curdie's Guide
29. Masonwork
30. The King and the Kiss
31. The Subterranean Waters
32. The Last Chapter
CHAPTER 1
Why the Princess Has a Story About Her
There was once a little princess whose father was king over a great
country full of mountains and valleys. His palace was built upon one
of the mountains, and was very grand and beautiful. The princess,
whose name was Irene, was born there, but she was sent soon after her
birth, because her mother was not very strong, to be brought up by
country people in a large house, half castle, half farmhouse, on the
side of another mountain, about half-way between its base and its peak.
The princess was a sweet little creature, and at the time my story
begins was about eight years old, I think, but she got older very fast.
Her face was fair and pretty, with eyes like two bits of night sky,
each with a star dissolved in the blue. Those eyes you would have
thought must have known they came from there, so often were they turned
up in that direction. The ceiling of her nursery was blue, with stars
in it, as like the sky as they could make it. But I doubt if ever she
saw the real sky with the stars in it, for a reason which I had better
mention at once.
These mountains were full of hollow places underneath; huge caverns,
and winding ways, some with water running through them, and some
shining with all colours of the rainbow when a light was taken in.
There would not have been much known about them, had there not been
mines there, great deep pits, with long galleries and passages running
off from them, which had been dug to get at the ore of which the
mountains were full. In the course of digging, the miners came upon
many of these natural caverns. A few of them had far-off openings out
on the side of a mountain, or into a ravine.
Now in these subterranean caverns lived a strange race of beings,
called by some gnomes, by some kobolds, by some goblins. There was a
legend current in the country that at one time they lived above ground,
and were very like other people. But for some reason or other,
concerning which there were different legendary theories, the king had
laid what they thought too severe taxes upon them, or had required
observances of them they did not like, or had begun to treat them with
more severity, in some way or other, and impose stricter laws; and the
consequence was that they had all disappeared from the face of the
country. According to the legend, however, instead of going to some
other country, they had all taken refuge in the subterranean caverns,
whence they never came out but at night, and then seldom showed
themselves in any numbers, and never to many people at once. It was
only in the least frequented and most difficult parts of the mountains
that they were said to gather even at night in the open air. Those who
had caught sight of any of them said that they had greatly altered in
the course of generations; and no wonder, seeing they lived away from
the sun, in cold and wet and dark places. They were now, not
ordinarily ugly, but either absolutely hideous, or ludicrously
grotesque both in face and form. There was no invention, they said, of
the most lawless imagination expressed by pen or pencil, that could
surpass the extravagance of their appearance. But I suspect those who
said so had mistaken some of their animal companions for the goblins
themselves--of which more by and by. The goblins themselves were not
so far removed from the human as such a description would imply. And
as they grew misshapen in body they had grown in knowledge and
cleverness, and now were able to do things no mortal could see the
possibility of. But as they grew in cunning, they grew in mischief,
and their great delight was in every way they could think of to annoy
the people who lived in the open-air storey above them. They had
enough of affection left for each other to preserve them from being
absolutely cruel for cruelty's sake to those that came in their way;
but still they so heartily cherished the ancestral grudge against those
who occupied their former possessions and especially against the
descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they
sought every opportunity of tormenting them in ways that were as odd as
their inventors; and although dwarfed and misshapen, they had strength
equal to their cunning. In the process of time they had got a king and
a government of their own, whose chief business, beyond their own
simple affairs, was to devise trouble for their neighbours. It will
now be pretty evident why the little princess had never seen the sky at
night. They were much too afraid of the goblins to let her out of the
house then, even in company with ever so many attendants; and they had
good reason, as we shall see by and by.
CHAPTER 2 | 1,411.281895 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2649140 | 4,970 | 37 |
Produced by D Alexander, Joseph Cooper and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
PHILO GUBB
Correspondence-School
Detective
BY
ELLIS PARKER BUTLER
WITH ILLUSTRATIONS
BOSTON AND NEW YORK
HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
The Riverside Press Cambridge
1918
COPYRIGHT, 1913, 1914, AND 1915, BY THE RED BOOK CORPORATION
COPYRIGHT, 1918, BY ELLIS PARKER BUTLER
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
_Published September 1918_
[Illustration: "IN THE DETECKATIVE LINE NOTHING SOUNDS FOOLISH" (_page
218_)]
CONTENTS
THE HARD-BOILED EGG 3
THE PET 21
THE EAGLE'S CLAWS 43
THE OUBLIETTE 66
THE UN-BURGLARS 95
THE TWO-CENT STAMP 113
THE CHICKEN 138
THE DRAGON'S EYE 156
THE PROGRESSIVE MURDER 171
THE MISSING MR. MASTER 185
WAFFLES AND MUSTARD 205
THE ANONYMOUS WIGGLE 227
THE HALF OF A THOUSAND 247
DIETZ'S 7462 BESSIE JOHN 266
HENRY 288
BURIED BONES 307
PHILO GUBB'S GREATEST CASE 329
ILLUSTRATIONS
"IN THE DETECKATIVE LINE NOTHING SOUNDS FOOLISH" _Frontispiece_
"THIS SHELL GAME IS EASY ENOUGH WHEN YOU KNOW HOW" 8
MR. WINTERBERRY DID NOT SEEM TO BE CONCEALED AMONG THEM 30
A HEAD SILHOUETTED AGAINST ONE OF THE GLOWING WINDOWS 44
"THESE HERE IS FALSE WHISKERS AND HAIR" 86
"WHO SENT YOU HERE, ANYWAY?" 106
UNDER HIS ARM HE CARRIED A SMALL BUNDLE 108
SHE MADE GESTURES WITH HER HANDS 128
"DETECKATING IS MY AIM AND MY PROFESSION" 138
WITH ANOTHER GROAN WIXY RAISED HIS HANDS 150
"THE 'ONGSOMBLE' OF MY COSTUME IS RUINED" 162
"THERE AIN'T A DAY HE DON'T SHOOT AND HIT ME" 178
THE MISSING MR. MASTER 202
"YOU ARE A MAN, AND BIG AND STRONG AND BRAVE-LIKE" 234
HE PERSPIRES, AND OUT COMES THE CRUEL ADMISSION 252
A MAN WHO LOOKED LIKE NAPOLEON BONAPARTE GONE TO SEED 268
HE WORE A SET OF RED UNDER-CHIN WHISKERS 280
"SHE THINKS IT'S HENRY. SHE'S FIXED UP THE GUEST BEDROOM
FOR HIM" 304
"A DETECKATIVE LIKE YOU ARE OUGHTN'T TO NEED TWENTY-FIVE
CENTS SO BAD AS THAT" 320
HE WAS FOLLOWED BY A LARGE AND GROWING GROUP INTENT ON
WATCHING A DETECTIVE DETECT 340
PHILO GUBB
THE CORRESPONDENCE-SCHOOL
DETECTIVE
THE HARD-BOILED EGG
Walking close along the wall, to avoid the creaking floor boards,
Philo Gubb, paper-hanger and student of the Rising Sun Detective
Agency's Correspondence School of Detecting, tiptoed to the door of
the bedroom he shared with the mysterious Mr. Critz. In appearance Mr.
Gubb was tall and gaunt, reminding one of a modern Don Quixote or a
human flamingo; by nature Mr. Gubb was the gentlest and most
simple-minded of men. Now, bending his long, angular body almost
double, he placed his eye to a crack in the door panel and stared into
the room. Within, just out of the limited area of Mr. Gubb's vision,
Roscoe Critz paused in his work and listened carefully. He heard the
sharp whistle of Mr. Gubb's breath as it cut against the sharp edge of
the crack in the panel, and he knew he was being spied upon. He placed
his chubby hands on his knees and smiled at the door, while a red
flush of triumph spread over his face.
Through the crack in the door Mr. Gubb could see the top of the
washstand beside which Mr. Critz was sitting, but he could not see Mr.
Critz. As he stared, however, he saw a plump hand appear and pick up,
one by one, the articles lying on the washstand. They were: First,
seven or eight half shells of English walnuts; second, a rubber shoe
heel out of which a piece had been cut; third, a small rubber ball no
larger than a pea; fourth, a paper-bound book; and lastly, a large and
glittering brick of yellow gold. As the hand withdrew the golden
brick, Mr. Gubb pressed his face closer against the door in his effort
to see more, and suddenly the door flew open and Mr. Gubb sprawled on
his hands and knees on the worn carpet of the bedroom.
"There, now!" said Mr. Critz. "There, now! Serves you right. Hope you
hurt chuself!"
Mr. Gubb arose slowly, like a giraffe, and brushed his knees.
"Why?" he asked.
"Snoopin' an' sneakin' like that!" said Mr. Critz crossly. "Scarin' me
to fits, a'most. How'd I know who 'twas? If you want to come in, why
don't you come right in,'stead of snoopin' an' sneakin' an' fallin'
in that way?"
As he talked, Mr. Critz replaced the shells and the rubber heel and
the rubber pea and the gold-brick on the washstand. He was a plump
little man with a shiny bald head and a white goatee. As he talked, he
bent his head down, so that he might look above the glasses of his
spectacles; and in spite of his pretended anger he looked like
nothing so much as a kindly, benevolent old gentleman--the sort of old
gentleman that keeps a small store in a small village and sells
writing-paper that smells of soap, and candy sticks out of a glass jar
with a glass cover.
"How'd I know but what you was a detective?" he asked, in a gentler
tone.
"I am," said Mr. Gubb soberly, seating himself on one of the two beds.
"I'm putty near a deteckative, as you might say."
"Ding it all!" said Mr. Critz. "Now I got to go and hunt another room.
I can't room with no detective."
"Well, now, Mr. Critz," said Mr. Gubb, "I don't want you should feel
that way."
"Knowin' you are a detective makes me all nervous," complained Mr.
Critz; "and a man in my business has to have a steady hand, don't he?"
"You ain't told me what your business is," said Mr. Gubb.
"You needn't pretend you don't know," said Mr. Critz. "Any detective
that saw that stuff on the washstand would know."
"Well, of course," said Mr. Gubb, "I ain't a full deteckative yet. You
can't look for me to guess things as quick as a full deteckative
would. Of course that brick sort of looks like a gold-brick--"
"It _is_ a gold-brick," said Mr. Critz.
"Yes," said Mr. Gubb. "But--I don't mean no offense, Mr. Critz--from
the way you look--I sort of thought--well, that it was a gold-brick
you'd bought."
Mr. Critz turned very red.
"Well, what if I did buy it?" he said. "That ain't any reason I can't
sell it, is it? Just because a man buys eggs once--or twice--ain't any
reason he shouldn't go into the business of egg-selling, is it? Just
because I've bought one or two gold-bricks in my day ain't any reason
I shouldn't go to sellin' 'em, is it?"
Mr. Gubb stared at Mr. Critz with unconcealed surprise.
"You ain't,--you ain't a con' man, are you, Mr. Critz?" he asked.
"If I ain't yet, that's no sign I ain't goin' to be," said Mr. Critz
firmly. "One man has as good a right to try his hand at it as another,
especially when a man has had my experience in it. Mr. Gubb, there
ain't hardly a con' game I ain't been conned with. I been confidenced
long enough; from now on I'm goin' to confidence other folks. That's
what I'm goin' to do; and I won't be bothered by no detective livin'
in the same room with me. Detectives and con' men don't mix noways!
No, sir!"
"Well, sir," said Mr. Gubb, "I can see the sense of that. But you
don't need to move right away. I don't aim to start in deteckating in
earnest for a couple of months yet. I got a couple of jobs of
paper-hanging and decorating to finish up, and I can't start in
sleuthing until I get my star, anyway. And I don't get my star until
I get one more lesson, and learn it, and send in the examination
paper, and five dollars extra for the diploma. Then I'm goin' at it as
a reg'lar business. It's a good business. Every day there's more
crooks--excuse me, I didn't mean to say that."
"That's all right," said Mr. Critz kindly. "Call a spade a spade. If I
ain't a crook yet, I hope to be soon."
"I didn't know how you'd feel about it," explained Mr. Gubb.
"Tactfulness is strongly advised into the lessons of the Rising Sun
Deteckative Agency Correspondence School of Deteckating--"
"Slocum, Ohio?" asked Mr. Critz quickly. "You didn't see the ad. in
the 'Hearthstone and Farmside,' did you?"
"Yes, Slocum, Ohio," said Mr. Gubb, "and that is the paper I saw the
ad. into; 'Big Money in Deteckating. Be a Sleuth. We can make you the
equal of Sherlock Holmes in twelve lessons.' Why?"
"Well, sir," said Mr. Critz, "that's funny. That ad. was right atop of
the one I saw, and I studied quite considerable before I could make up
my mind whether 'twould be best for me to be a detective and go out
and get square with the fellers that sold me gold-bricks and things by
putting them in jail, or to even things up by sending for this book
that was advertised right under the 'Rising Sun Correspondence
School.' How come I settled to do as I done was that I had a sort of
stock to start with, with a fust-class gold-brick, and some green
goods I'd bought; and this book only cost a quatter of a dollar. And
she's a hummer for a quatter of a dollar! A hummer!"
He pulled the paper-covered book from his pocket and handed it to Mr.
Gubb. The title of the book was "The Complete Con' Man, by the King of
the Grafters. Price 25 cents."
"That there book," said Mr. Critz proudly, as if he himself had
written it, "tells everything a man need to know to work every con'
game there is. Once I get it by heart, I won't be afraid to try any of
them. Of course, I got to start in small. I can't hope to pull off a
wire-tapping game right at the start, because that has to have a gang.
You don't know anybody you could recommend for a gang, do you?"
"Not right offhand," said Mr. Gubb thoughtfully.
[Illustration: "THIS SHELL GAME IS EASY ENOUGH WHEN YOU KNOW HOW"]
"If you wasn't goin' into the detective business," said Mr. Critz,
"you'd be just the feller for me. You look sort of honest and not as
if you was too bright, and that counts a lot. Even in this here simple
little shell game I got to have a podner. I got to have a podner I can
trust, so I can let him look like he was winnin' money off of me. You
see," he explained, moving to the washstand, "this shell game is easy
enough when you know how. I put three shells down like this, on a
stand, and I put the little rubber pea on the stand, and then I take
up the three shells like this, two in one hand and one in the
other, and I wave 'em around over the pea, and maybe push the pea
around a little, and I say, 'Come on! Come on! The hand is quicker
than the eye!' And all of a suddent I put the shells down, and you
think the pea is under one of them, like that--"
"I don't think the pea is under one of 'em," said Mr. Gubb. "I seen it
roll onto the floor."
"It did roll onto the floor that time," said Mr. Critz apologetically.
"It most generally does for me, yet. I ain't got it down to perfection
yet. This is the way it ought to work--oh, pshaw! there she goes onto
the floor again! Went under the bed that time. Here she is! Now, the
way she ought to work is--there she goes again!"
"You got to practice that game a lot before you try it onto folks in
public, Mr. Critz," said Mr. Gubb seriously.
"Don't I know that?" said Mr. Critz rather impatiently. "Same as
you've got to practice snoopin', Mr. Gubb. Maybe you thought I didn't
know you was snoopin' after me wherever I went last night."
"Did you?" asked Mr. Gubb, with surprise plainly written on his face.
"I seen you every moment from nine P.M. till eleven!" said Mr. Critz.
"I didn't like it, neither."
"I didn't think to annoy you," apologized Mr. Gubb. "I was practicin'
Lesson Four. You wasn't supposed to know I was there at all."
"Well, I don't like it," said Mr. Critz. "'Twas all right last night,
for I didn't have nothin' important on hand, but if I'd been workin'
up a con' game, the feller I was after would have thought it mighty
strange to see a man follerin' me everywhere like that. If you went
about it quiet and unobtrusive, I wouldn't mind; but if I'd had a
customer on hand and he'd seen you it would make him nervous. He'd
think there was a--a crazy man follerin' us."
"I was just practicin'," apologized Mr. Gubb. "It won't be so bad when
I get the hang of it. We all got to be beginners sometime."
"I guess so," said Mr. Critz, rearranging the shells and the little
rubber pea. "Well, I put the pea down like this, and I dare you to bet
which shell she's goin' to be under, and you don't bet, see? So I put
the shells down, and you're willin' to bet you see me put the first
shell over the pea like this. So you keep your eye on that shell, and
I move the shells around like this--"
"She's under the same shell," said Mr. Gubb.
"Well, yes, she _is_," said Mr. Critz placidly, "but she hadn't ought
to be. By rights she ought to sort of ooze out from under whilst I'm
movin' the shells around, and I'd ought to sort of catch her in
between my fingers and hold her there so you don't see her. Then when
you say which shell she's under, she ain't under any shell; she's
between my fingers. So when you put down your money I tell you to pick
up that shell and there ain't anything under it. And before you can
pick up the other shells I pick one up, and let the pea fall on the
stand like it had been under that shell all the time. That's the game,
only up to now I ain't got the hang of it. She won't ooze out from
under, and she won't stick between my fingers, and when she does
stick, she won't drop at the right time."
"Except for that, you've got her all right, have you?" asked Mr. Gubb.
"Except for that," said Mr. Critz; "and I'd have that, only my fingers
are stubby."
"What was it you thought of having me do if I wasn't a deteckative?"
asked Mr. Gubb.
"The work you'd have to do would be capping work," said Mr. Critz.
"Capper--that's the professional name for it. You'd guess which shell
the ball was under--"
"That would be easy, the way you do it now," said Mr. Gubb.
"I told you I'd got to learn it better, didn't I?" asked Mr. Critz
impatiently. "You'd be capper, and you'd guess which shell the pea was
under. No matter which you guessed, I'd leave it under that one, so'd
you'd win, and you'd win ten dollars every time you bet--but not for
keeps. That's why I've got to have an honest capper."
"I can see that," said Mr. Gubb; "but what's the use lettin' me win it
if I've got to bring it back?"
"That starts the boobs bettin'," said Mr. Critz. "The boobs see how
you look to be winnin', and they want to win too. But they don't. When
they bet, I win."
"That ain't a square game," said Mr. Gubb seriously, "is it?"
"A crook ain't expected to be square," said Mr. Critz. "It stands to
reason, if a crook wants to be a crook, he's got to be crooked, ain't
he?"
"Yes, of course," said Mr. Gubb. "I hadn't looked at it that way."
"As far as I can see," said Mr. Critz, "the more I know how a
detective acts, the better off I'll be when I start in doin' real
business. Ain't that so? I guess, till I get the hang of things
better, I'll stay right here."
"I'm glad to hear you say so, Mr. Critz," said Mr. Gubb with relief.
"I like you, and I like your looks, and there's no tellin' who I might
get for a roommate next time. I might get some one that wasn't
honest."
So it was agreed, and Mr. Critz stood over the washstand and
manipulated the little rubber pea and the three shells, while Mr. Gubb
sat on the edge of the bed and studied Lesson Eleven of the "Rising
Sun Detective Agency's Correspondence School of Detecting."
When, presently, Mr. Critz learned to work the little pea neatly, he
urged Mr. Gubb to take the part of capper, and each time Mr. Gubb won
he gave him a five-dollar bill. Then Mr. Gubb posed as a "boob" and
Mr. Critz won all the money back again, beaming over his spectacle
rims, and chuckling again and again until he burst into a fit of
coughing that made him red in the face, and did not cease until he had
taken a big drink of water out of the wash-pitcher. Never had he
seemed more like a kindly old gentleman from behind the candy counter
of a small village. He hung over the washstand, manipulating the
little rubber pea as if fascinated.
"Ain't it curyus how a feller catches onto a thing like that all to
once?" he said after a while. "If it hadn't been that I was so
anxious, I might have fooled with that for weeks and weeks and not got
anywheres with it. I do wisht you could be my capper a while anyway,
until I could get one."
"I need all my time to study," said Mr. Gubb. "It ain't easy to learn
deteckating by mail."
"Pshaw, now!" said Mr. Critz. "I'm real sorry! Maybe if I was to pay
you for your time and trouble five dollars a night? How say?"
Mr. Gubb considered. "Well, I dunno!" he said slowly. "I sort of hate
to take money for doin' a favor like that."
"Now, there ain't no need to feel that way," said Mr. Critz. "Your
time's wuth somethin' to me--it's wuth a lot to me to get the hang of
this gold-brick game. Once I get the hang of it, it won't be no
trouble for me to sell gold-bricks like this one for all the way from
a thousand dollars up. I paid fifteen hundred for this one myself, and
got it cheap. That's a good profit, for this brick ain't wuth a cent
over one hundred dollars, and I know, for I took it to the bank after
I bought it, and that's what they was willin' to pay me for it. So
it's easy wuth a few dollars for me to have help whilst I'm learnin'.
I can easy afford to pay you a few dollars, and to pay a friend of
yours the same."
"Well, now," said Mr. Gubb, "I don't know but what I might as well
make a little that way as any other. I got a friend--" He stopped
short. "You don't aim to _ | 1,411.284954 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.2682760 | 1,159 | 9 |
Produced by Keith G Richardson
A TRANSLATION
OF THE
NEW TESTAMENT
FROM THE
ORIGINAL GREEK.
HUMBLY ATTEMPTED
WITH A VIEW TO ASSIST
THE UNLEARNED
WITH CLEARER AND MORE EXPLICIT VIEWS OF THE
_MIND OF THE SPIRIT_
IN THE
SCRIPTURES OF TRUTH.
BY T. HAWEIS, L.L. B.
RECTOR OF ALL-SAINTS, ALDWINCKLE, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE; AND CHAPLAIN TO THE
LATE COUNTESS OF HUNTINGDON.
London:
PRINTED FOR T. CHAPMAN,
NO. 151, FLEET-STREET.
1795.
PREFACE.
APPEARING before the Public as a translator of the Oracles of God, it
would ill become me to deprecate the severity of criticism, when I most
cordially desire the intelligent and learned of my brethren to point
out my mistakes for correction, and, in love and in the spirit of
meekness, to smite me friendly. Should, however, the shafts of
malignity, and the weapons not of our warfare, be employed against this
humble, yet well-meant, attempt to make the Scriptures better
understood, I shall endeavour to pluck the honey-comb from the lion's
carcase, and be thankful for real information, in whatever mode it may
be communicated.
Respecting highly, as I do, the translation of our Reformers, whose
language has dignity, and whose soundness in the faith I hope, living
and dying, to maintain, it must be acknowledged--that there are in our
present version, obscurities which may be avoided--words become in the
lapse of ages obsolete--expressions feeble and inexact--for which
others more accurate and energetic may be substituted--and in some
passages the sense embarrassed, and probably mistaken. To make
therefore the Scriptures as intelligible as I can to men of common
capacity, who are destitute of the knowledge of the Original, and
sometimes perhaps to suggest a sense not unworthy the adoption of the
judicious scholar, I have endeavoured to render every passage with the
most literal exactness--to use the most forcible and clear expressions
corresponding with the Original--not to omit a particle--preserving the
participles--and following, as much as the genius of our tongue will
permit, the exact order of the Greek words, persuaded that, thus
placed, the sense often receives clearness and energy.
To transfuse the spirit of the Original into a Translation must be
admitted to be very difficult in any language, peculiarly so where the
matters treated of are so weighty, and the words so significant, and
where holy men of God are speaking as they were moved by the Holy
Ghost, without whose continual light and teaching I humbly conceive no
man ever did or can understand and receive the things which are of the
Spirit of God, so as to know them as he ought to know.
As the words of the Spirit contain one precise meaning, and to
communicate his mind is the intention of Revelation, it must be our
endeavour not to leave them equivocal, but to fix a clear and
determinate idea to each, in exact conformity to the Original, that the
true sense may be understood, which can be but one.
That I have endeavoured to obtain this knowledge it is no presumption
to affirm. During forty years and upwards this blessed book of God hath
been continually in my hands--never a day hath passed in which it hath
not been matter of my meditation; I may venture to say I have read it
over more than an hundred times, and many of the passages much oftener.
I have consulted the works of the most godly and ingenious of the dead,
and often conversed with some of the ablest and most experienced
ministers of Christ among the living. I have at two different times of
my life translated and transcribed the whole of the New Testament, and
considered every word, and phrase, and passage, with attention: indeed
the leading object and employment of my whole life hath been to
discover and communicate to mankind the truth as it is in Jesus; and
every day have I bowed my knees to the Divine Interpreter, who giveth
wisdom and understanding to the simple, that he would lighten my
darkness, and shine into my heart, to give the light of the knowledge
of the glory of God, as it is manifested in the face of Jesus Christ.
I recommend to my readers to tread in the same path, looking up to the
Fountain of wisdom and knowledge. I am not ashamed to own my
conviction, that an unlearned person thus seriously attentive to the
Scriptures, and crying to God for the spirit of wisdom and revelation
in the knowledge of Him, will be led into all saving truth; and gain
greater and clearer discoveries of the mind of the Spirit in the
Scriptures than any mere natural man, however ingenious and learned. A
word, a phrase, an allusion, may indeed exercise critical acumen, and
afford a display for erudition; but the scope and tendency of the
Sacred Oracles, the doctrines therein revealed, the principles
inculcated, and the practice enjoined, never were, and never will be | 1,411.288316 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3288900 | 50 | 20 |
Produced by David Reed and Dale R. Fredrickson
HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE
Edward Gibbon, Esq.
With notes by the Rev. H. H. Milman | 1,411.34893 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3289470 | 342 | 7 | Project Gutenberg's Etext of The Life of General Francis Marion*
Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check
the copyright laws for your country before posting these files!!
Please take a look at the important information in this header.
We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an
electronic path open for the next readers. Do not remove this.
**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
**Etexts Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
*These Etexts Prepared By Hundreds of Volunteers and Donations*
Information on contacting Project Gutenberg to get Etexts, and
further information is included below. We need your donations.
The Life of General Francis Marion
by Mason Locke Weems
March, 1997 [Etext #846]
Project Gutenberg's Etext of The Life of General Francis Marion*
******This file should be named 846.txt or 846.zip******
Corrected EDITIONS of our etexts get a new NUMBER, wfmar11.txt
VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, wfmar10a.txt
This extext was created by transcribing the original text twice,
and then running an electronic compare (`diff') to check for errors.
Transcription by Alan Light, [email protected]
We are now trying to release all our books one month in advance
of the official release dates, for time for better editing.
Please note: neither this list nor its contents are final till
midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
The official release date of all Project Gutenberg | 1,411.348987 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3645090 | 1,830 | 82 |
Produced by Emmy, MFR and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
[Transcriber's Note: Bold text is surrounded by =equal signs= and
italic text is surrounded by _underscores_.]
THE CHAUTAUQUAN.
_A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO THE PROMOTION OF TRUE CULTURE. ORGAN OF
THE CHAUTAUQUA LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC CIRCLE._
VOL. IV. JANUARY, 1884. NO. 4.
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle.
_President_—Lewis Miller, Akron, Ohio.
_Superintendent of Instruction_—Rev. J. H. Vincent, D.D., New Haven,
Conn.
_Counselors_—Rev. Lyman Abbott, D.D.; Rev. J. M. Gibson, D.D.; Bishop
H. W. Warren, D.D.; Prof. W. C. Wilkinson, D.D.
_Office Secretary_—Miss Kate F. Kimball, Plainfield, N. J.
_General Secretary_—Albert M. Martin, Pittsburgh, Pa.
_Transcriber's Note: This table of contents of this periodical was
created for the HTML version to aid the reader._
Contents
REQUIRED READING
German History 189
Extracts from German Literature 193
Readings in Physical Science
IV.—The Sea 196
SUNDAY READINGS
[January 6]—On Spiritual Christianity 198
[January 13] 199
[January 20] 200
[January 27] 200
Political Economy
IV. Distribution 202
Readings in Art
I.—Architecture.—Introduction 204
Selections from American Literature
Fitz Greene Halleck 207
Richard Henry Dana 208
William Cullen Bryant 208
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 210
Night 211
Eccentric Americans 211
The Stork 214
Gardening Among the Chinese 215
Eight Centuries With Walter Scott 216
Astronomy of the Heavens For January 218
Work For Women 219
Ostrich Hunting 220
Christian Missions 221
California 222
Table-Talk of Napoleon Bonaparte 224
Early Flowers 225
Botanical Notes 227
C. L. S. C. Work 228
Outline of C. L. S. C. Readings 228
Sunbeams from the Circle 229
Local Circles 230
C. L. S. C. Round-Table 233
Questions and Answers 234
Chautauqua Normal Class 236
Editor’s Outlook
The Headquarters of the C. L. S. C. 238
Evangelists 239
The New Time Standards 240
Père Hyacinthe 241
Editor’s Note-Book 241
C. L. S. C. Notes on Required Readings for January 243
Notes on Required Readings in “The Chatauquan” 245
Talk About Books 248
REQUIRED READING
FOR THE
_Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle for 1883-4_.
JANUARY.
GERMAN HISTORY.
By REV. W. G. WILLIAMS, A.M.
IV.
The C. L. S. C. student is already aware that it is not pretended
here to write the history of Germany, but properly these are entitled
“Readings in German History.” To write with any degree of fulness or
detail the history of a people which has played so large and important
a part in the modern world, would require more volumes than are the
pages allotted to us. It has been, and still remains the design to
select those events and characters of greatest interest, and which have
had the largest influence upon the current of subsequent history. The
purpose, also constantly in view, has been to stimulate the reader to
further study of the subject, by perusal of the best works accessible
to the reader of English.
In this number no choice is left us but to pass, with only a glance
or two, over the long period from the death of Charlemagne to that
day-dawn of modern history, the Reformation. It is the period in which
the historian traces, successively the beginning, vicissitudes, decay
and extinction of the Carlovingian, Saxon, Franconian and Hohenstauffen
houses. Following these is the great interregnum which precedes the
Reformation. Included in this long stretch of time are what is known as
the “dark ages.” Yet in Germany it was not all darkness, for now and
then a ray of light was visible, prophetic of the rising sun, which
heralded by Huss, appeared in the person and achievements of Martin
Luther. It is about the work and character of the latter personage that
we purpose to make the chief part of this chapter. Especially are we
disposed so to do, now that protestant christendom is celebrating the
four hundredth anniversary of the birth of the great reformer, and all
civilized mankind has its attention called to his bold doctrines and
brave career.
But, before we are prepared for Luther, we must note the change which
has come in the claims and pretensions of the church. The different
attitude which made possible a few centuries later, such a mission
as Luther’s can not better be exhibited than during the reign of the
Franconian Emperor, Henry the Fourth.
HENRY THE FOURTH—HIS SUPPLIANT VISIT TO CANOSSA.
The student of the history of the Romish church is aware that during
the first five centuries after Christ the pope was vested with little,
if any, other powers or dignities than those which pertained to him
as Bishop of Rome. His subsequent claim to unlimited spiritual and
political sway was then unthought of, much less anywhere advanced.
Even for another five centuries he is only the nominal head of the
church, who is subordinate to the political potentates and dependent
upon them for protection and support in his office. But in the year
1073 succeeded one Gregory VII., to the tiara, who proposed to erect
a spiritual empire which should be wholly absolved from dependency
on kings and princes. His pontificate was one continuous struggle
for the success of his undertaking. Of powerful will, great energy
and shrewdness and with set purpose his administration wrought great
change in the papal office and the relations of the church to European
society. His chief measures by which he sought to compass his design
were the celibacy of the priesthood and the suppression of the then
prevalent custom of simony. The latter bore especially hard on the
German Emperor, much of whose strength lay in the power to appoint the
bishops and to levy assessments upon them when the royal exchequer
was in need. In the year 1075 Gregory proclaimed his law against the
custom, forbidding the sale of all offices of the church, and declaring
that none but the pope might appoint bishops or confer the symbols
of their authority. With an audacity unheard of, and a determination
little anticipated, he sent word to Henry IV., of Germany, demanding
the enforcement of the rule throughout his dominion under penalty of
excommunication. The issue was a joint one, and a crisis inevitable.
No pope had ever assumed such an attitude or used such language to a
German Emperor. Henry was not disposed and resolved not to submit.
So far as a formal disposition of the difficulty was concerned the
case was an easy one. He called the bishops together in a synod
which met at Worms. They proceeded with unanimity to declare Gregory
deposed from his papal office and sent word of their action to Rome.
The pope, who had used every artifice to gain popularity with the
people, was prepared for the contest and answered back with the ban
of excommunication. The emperor might have been able to carry on the
struggle with some hope of success had he been in favor with his own
subjects. | 1,411.384549 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3674500 | 2,758 | 18 |
Produced by David Widger
LIFE ON THE MISSISSIPPI
BY MARK TWAIN
Part 11.
Chapter 51 Reminiscences
WE left for St. Louis in the 'City of Baton Rouge,' on a delightfully
hot day, but with the main purpose of my visit but lamely accomplished.
I had hoped to hunt up and talk with a hundred steamboatmen, but got so
pleasantly involved in the social life of the town that I got nothing
more than mere five-minute talks with a couple of dozen of the craft.
I was on the bench of the pilot-house when we backed out and
'straightened up' for the start--the boat pausing for a 'good ready,' in
the old-fashioned way, and the black smoke piling out of the chimneys
equally in the old-fashioned way. Then we began to gather momentum, and
presently were fairly under way and booming along. It was all as natural
and familiar--and so were the shoreward sights--as if there had been no
break in my river life. There was a 'cub,' and I judged that he would
take the wheel now; and he did. Captain Bixby stepped into the pilot-
house. Presently the cub closed up on the rank of steamships. He made
me nervous, for he allowed too much water to show between our boat and
the ships. I knew quite well what was going to happen, because I could
date back in my own life and inspect the record. The captain looked on,
during a silent half-minute, then took the wheel himself, and crowded
the boat in, till she went scraping along within a hand-breadth of the
ships. It was exactly the favor which he had done me, about a quarter
of a century before, in that same spot, the first time I ever steamed
out of the port of New Orleans. It was a very great and sincere pleasure
to me to see the thing repeated--with somebody else as victim.
We made Natchez (three hundred miles) in twenty-two hours and a half--
much the swiftest passage I have ever made over that piece of water.
The next morning I came on with the four o'clock watch, and saw Ritchie
successfully run half a dozen crossings in a fog, using for his guidance
the marked chart devised and patented by Bixby and himself. This
sufficiently evidenced the great value of the chart.
By and by, when the fog began to clear off, I noticed that the
reflection of a tree in the smooth water of an overflowed bank, six
hundred yards away, was stronger and blacker than the ghostly tree
itself. The faint spectral trees, dimly glimpsed through the shredding
fog, were very pretty things to see.
We had a heavy thunder-storm at Natchez, another at Vicksburg, and still
another about fifty miles below Memphis. They had an old-fashioned
energy which had long been unfamiliar to me. This third storm was
accompanied by a raging wind. We tied up to the bank when we saw the
tempest coming, and everybody left the pilot-house but me. The wind bent
the young trees down, exposing the pale underside of the leaves; and
gust after gust followed, in quick succession, thrashing the branches
violently up and down, and to this side and that, and creating swift
waves of alternating green and white according to the side of the leaf
that was exposed, and these waves raced after each other as do their
kind over a wind-tossed field of oats. No color that was visible
anywhere was quite natural--all tints were charged with a leaden tinge
from the solid cloud-bank overhead. The river was leaden; all distances
the same; and even the far-reaching ranks of combing white-caps were
dully shaded by the dark, rich atmosphere through which their swarming
legions marched. The thunder-peals were constant and deafening;
explosion followed explosion with but inconsequential intervals between,
and the reports grew steadily sharper and higher-keyed, and more trying
to the ear; the lightning was as diligent as the thunder, and produced
effects which enchanted the eye and sent electric ecstasies of mixed
delight and apprehension shivering along every nerve in the body in
unintermittent procession. The rain poured down in amazing volume; the
ear-splitting thunder-peals broke nearer and nearer; the wind increased
in fury and began to wrench off boughs and tree-tops and send them
sailing away through space; the pilot-house fell to rocking and
straining and cracking and surging, and I went down in the hold to see
what time it was.
People boast a good deal about Alpine thunderstorms; but the storms
which I have had the luck to see in the Alps were not the equals of some
which I have seen in the Mississippi Valley. I may not have seen the
Alps do their best, of course, and if they can beat the Mississippi, I
don't wish to.
On this up trip I saw a little towhead (infant island) half a mile long,
which had been formed during the past nineteen years. Since there was so
much time to spare that nineteen years of it could be devoted to the
construction of a mere towhead, where was the use, originally, in
rushing this whole globe through in six days? It is likely that if more
time had been taken, in the first place, the world would have been made
right, and this ceaseless improving and repairing would not be necessary
now. But if you hurry a world or a house, you are nearly sure to find
out by and by that you have left out a towhead, or a broom-closet, or
some other little convenience, here and there, which has got to be
supplied, no matter how much expense and vexation it may cost.
We had a succession of black nights, going up the river, and it was
observable that whenever we landed, and suddenly inundated the trees
with the intense sunburst of the electric light, a certain curious
effect was always produced: hundreds of birds flocked instantly out from
the masses of shining green foliage, and went careering hither and
thither through the white rays, and often a song-bird tuned up and fell
to singing. We judged that they mistook this superb artificial day for
the genuine article. We had a delightful trip in that thoroughly well-
ordered steamer, and regretted that it was accomplished so speedily. By
means of diligence and activity, we managed to hunt out nearly all the
old friends. One was missing, however; he went to his reward, whatever
it was, two years ago. But I found out all about him. His case helped
me to realize how lasting can be the effect of a very trifling
occurrence. When he was an apprentice-blacksmith in our village, and I a
schoolboy, a couple of young Englishmen came to the town and sojourned a
while; and one day they got themselves up in cheap royal finery and did
the Richard III swordfight with maniac energy and prodigious powwow, in
the presence of the village boys. This blacksmith cub was there, and
the histrionic poison entered his bones. This vast, lumbering,
ignorant, dull-witted lout was stage-struck, and irrecoverably. He
disappeared, and presently turned up in St. Louis. I ran across him
there, by and by. He was standing musing on a street corner, with his
left hand on his hip, the thumb of his right supporting his chin, face
bowed and frowning, slouch hat pulled down over his forehead--imagining
himself to be Othello or some such character, and imagining that the
passing crowd marked his tragic bearing and were awestruck.
I joined him, and tried to get him down out of the clouds, but did not
succeed. However, he casually informed me, presently, that he was a
member of the Walnut Street theater company--and he tried to say it with
indifference, but the indifference was thin, and a mighty exultation
showed through it. He said he was cast for a part in Julius Caesar, for
that night, and if I should come I would see him. IF I should come! I
said I wouldn't miss it if I were dead.
I went away stupefied with astonishment, and saying to myself, 'How
strange it is! WE always thought this fellow a fool; yet the moment he
comes to a great city, where intelligence and appreciation abound, the
talent concealed in this shabby napkin is at once discovered, and
promptly welcomed and honored.'
But I came away from the theater that night disappointed and offended;
for I had had no glimpse of my hero, and his name was not in the bills.
I met him on the street the next morning, and before I could speak, he
asked--
'Did you see me?'
'No, you weren't there.'
He looked surprised and disappointed. He said--
'Yes, I was. Indeed I was. I was a Roman soldier.'
'Which one?'
'Why didn't you see them Roman soldiers that stood back there in a rank,
and sometimes marched in procession around the stage?'
'Do you mean the Roman army?--those six sandaled roustabouts in
nightshirts, with tin shields and helmets, that marched around treading
on each other's heels, in charge of a spider-legged consumptive dressed
like themselves?'
'That's it! that's it! I was one of them Roman soldiers. I was the next
to the last one. A half a year ago I used to always be the last one;
but I've been promoted.'
Well, they told me that that poor fellow remained a Roman soldier to the
last--a matter of thirty-four years. Sometimes they cast him for a
'speaking part,' but not an elaborate one. He could be trusted to go
and say, 'My lord, the carriage waits,' but if they ventured to add a
sentence or two to this, his memory felt the strain and he was likely to
miss fire. Yet, poor devil, he had been patiently studying the part of
Hamlet for more than thirty years, and he lived and died in the belief
that some day he would be invited to play it!
And this is what came of that fleeting visit of those young Englishmen
to our village such ages and ages ago! What noble horseshoes this man
might have made, but for those Englishmen; and what an inadequate Roman
soldier he DID make!
A day or two after we reached St. Louis, I was walking along Fourth
Street when a grizzly-headed man gave a sort of start as he passed me,
then stopped, came back, inspected me narrowly, with a clouding brow,
and finally said with deep asperity--
'Look here, HAVE YOU GOT THAT DRINK YET?'
A maniac, I judged, at first. But all in a flash I recognized him. I
made an effort to blush that strained every muscle in me, and answered
as sweetly and winningly as ever I knew how--
'Been a little slow, but am just this minute closing in on the place
where they keep it. Come in and help.'
He softened, and said make it a bottle of champagne and he was
agreeable. He said he had seen my name in the papers, and had put all
his affairs aside and turned out, resolved to find me or die; and make
me answer that question satisfactorily, or kill me; though the most of
his late asperity had been rather counterfeit than otherwise.
This meeting brought back to me the St. Louis riots of about thirty
years ago. I spent a week there, at that time, in a boarding-house, and
had this young fellow for a neighbor across the hall. We saw some of
the fightings and killings; and by and by we went one night to an armory
where two hundred young men had met, upon call, to be armed and go forth
against the rioters, under command of a military man. We drilled till
about ten o'clock at night; then news came that the mob were in great
force in the lower end of the town, and were sweeping everything before
them. Our column moved at once. It was a very hot night, and my musket
was very heavy. We marched and marched; and the nearer we approached the
seat of war, the hotter I grew and the thirstier I got. I was behind my
friend; so, finally, I asked | 1,411.38749 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3675730 | 2,824 | 18 |
Produced by Melissa McDaniel, RichardW, and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
TRACED AND TRACKED
OR
_Memoirs of a City Detective_.
BY JAMES M^cGOVAN,
AUTHOR OF “BROUGHT TO BAY,” “HUNTED DOWN,” AND
“STRANGE CLUES.”
SEVENTH EDITION.
EDINBURGH:
JOHN MENZIES & COMPANY
LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO.
1886.
_All rights reserved._
_WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR_
BROUGHT TO BAY;
OR,
_EXPERIENCES OF A CITY DETECTIVE_.
THIRTEENTH EDITION.
HUNTED DOWN;
OR,
_RECOLLECTIONS OF A CITY DETECTIVE_.
ELEVENTH EDITION.
STRANGE CLUES;
OR,
_CHRONICLES OF A CITY DETECTIVE_.
NINTH EDITION.
The above are uniform in size and price with “TRACED AND TRACKED,”
and the four works form the complete set of M^cGovan’s Detective
Experiences.
To
JOHN LENG, ESQ.,
KINBRAE, NEWPORT, FIFE
This Book
IS INSCRIBED, IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE OF HIS
LOVING-KINDNESS DURING A CRITICAL
ILLNESS OF THE AUTHOR.
PREFACE.
The gratifying success of my former experiences—25,000 copies having
already been sold, and the demand steadily continuing—has induced
me to put forth another volume. In doing so, I have again to thank
numerous correspondents, as well as the reviewers of the public
press, for their warm expressions of appreciation and approval.
I have also to notice a graceful compliment from Berlin, in the
translation of my works into German, by H. Ernst Duby; and another
from Geneva, in the translation of a selection of my sketches into
French, by the Countess Agènor de Gasparin.
A severe and unexpected attack of hæmorrhage of the lungs has
prevented me revising about a third of the present volume. I trust,
therefore, that any trifling slips or errors will be excused on that
account.
In conclusion, I would remind readers and reviewers of the words
of Handel, when he was complimented by an Irish nobleman on having
amused the citizens of Dublin with his _Messiah_. “Amuse dem?” he
warmly replied; “I do not vant to amuse dem only; I vant to make dem
petter.”
JAMES M^cGOVAN.
EDINBURGH, _October 1884_.
CONTENTS.
A PEDESTRIAN’S PLOT, • 1
BILLY’S BITE, • 13
THE MURDERED TAILOR’S WATCH, • 24
THE STREET PORTER’S SON, • 44
A BIT OF TOBACCO PIPE, • 57
THE BROKEN CAIRNGORM, • 68
THE ROMANCE OF A REAL CREMONA, • 79
THE SPIDER AND THE SPIDER-KILLER, • 104
THE SPOILT PHOTOGRAPH, • 115
THE STOLEN DOWRY, • 127
M^cSWEENY AND THE MAGIC JEWELS, • 139
BENJIE BLUNT’S CLEVER ALIBI, • 150
JIM HUTSON’S KNIFE, • 161
THE HERRING SCALES, • 174
ONE LESS TO EAT, • 185
THE CAPTAIN’S CHRONOMETER, • 196
THE TORN TARTAN SHAWL, • 207
A LIFT ON THE ROAD, • 218
THE ORGAN-GRINDER’S MONEY-BAG, • 229
THE BERWICK BURR, • 240
THE WRONG UMBRELLA, • 252
A WHITE SAVAGE, • 263
THE BROKEN MISSIONARY, • 274
A MURDERER’S MISTAKE, • 285
A HOUSE-BREAKER’S WIFE, • 297
M^cSWEENY AND THE CHIMNEY-SWEEP, • 308
THE FAMILY BIBLE, • 320
CONSCIENCE MONEY, • 332
A WOLF IN SHEEP’S CLOTHING, • 343
TRACED AND TRACKED.
A PEDESTRIAN’S PLOT.
I have alluded to the fact that many criminals affect a particular
line of business, and show a certain style in their work which often
points unerringly to the doer when all other clues are wanting. A
glance over any record of convictions will convey a good idea of how
much reliance we are led to place upon this curious fact. One man’s
list will show a string of pocket-picking cases, or attempts in that
line, and it will be rare, indeed, to find in that record a case of
robbery with violence, housebreaking, or any crime necessitating
great daring or strength. Another shows nothing but deeds of brute
strength or bull-dog ferocity, and to find in his record of _prev.
con._ a case of delicate pocket-picking would make any one of
experience open his eyes wide indeed. The style of the work is even
a surer guide than the particular line, as the variety there is
unlimited as it is marked. This is all very well; and often I have
been complimented on my astuteness in thus making very simple and
natural deductions leading to convictions. But the pleasure ceases
to be unmixed when the criminal is as cunning as the detective, and
works upon that knowledge. To show how a detective may be deceived in
working on this—one of his surest modes of tracing a criminal—I give
the present case.
Dave Larkins was a Yorkshire thief, who had drifted northwards by
some chance and landed in Edinburgh. Street robbery was his line,
and, as he was a professional pedestrian, or racing man, he was not
caught, I should say, once in twenty cases. The list of his previous
convictions in Manchester, Liverpool, Preston, and other places
showed with unvarying monotony the same crime and the same style of
working. He would go up to some gentleman on the street and make an
excuse for addressing him, snatch at his watch, and run for it. More
often the victim was a lady with a reticule or purse in her hand, and
then no preliminary speaking was indulged in. He made the snatch,
and ran like the wind, and the whole was done so quickly that the
astounded victim seldom retained the slightest recollection of his
appearance.
Yet Dave’s appearance was striking enough. He was a wiry man of
medium height, with strongly-marked features, red hair, and a stumpy
little turned up nose, the round point of which was always red as a
cherry with bad whisky, except at those rare intervals when he was
“in training” for some foot race which it was to his advantage to win.
Then his dress had notable points. He generally wore a knitted jersey
in place of a waistcoat, and he had a grey felt hat covered with
grease spots, for which he had such a peculiar affection that he
never changed it for a new one. Under these circumstances it may be
thought that a conviction would have been easily got against Dave.
But Dave was “Yorkshire,” as I have indicated, and about as smart
and cunning in arranging an _alibi_ as any I ever met. No doubt his
racing powers helped him in that, but his native cunning did more.
There is a popular impression that a Yorkshire man will hold his
own in cunning against all the world, but I have here to record
that Dave met his match in a Scotchman who had nothing like Dave’s
reputation for smartness, and who was so stupid-looking that few
could have conceived him capable of the task. This man was known in
racing circles—for he was a pedestrian too—as Jake Mackay, but more
generally received the nickname of “The Gander.”
Why he had been so named I cannot tell—perhaps because some one
had discovered that there was nothing of the goose about him. Your
stupid-looking man, who is not stupid but supremely sharp-witted, has
an infinite advantage over those who carry a needle eye like Dave
Larkins, and have cunning printed on every line about their lips and
eyes.
The Gander was not a professional thief, though he was often in the
company of thieves. He had been in the army, and had a pension, which
he eked out by odd jobs, such as bill-posting and acting as “super.”
in the theatres. He was a thorough rascal at heart, and would have
cheated his own grandfather had opportunity served, and had there
been a shilling or two to gain by it.
These two men became acquainted at a pedestrian meeting at Glasgow,
and when Dave Larkins came to Edinburgh they became rather close
companions. The Gander had the advantage of local knowledge, and
could get at all the men who backed pedestrians, and then told them
to win or lose according to the way the money was staked. A racing
tournament was arranged about that time in which both of them were
entered for one of the shorter races, in which great speed, rather
than endurance, was called for. In that particular race they had the
result entirely in their own hands, though, if fairly put to it,
Dave Larkins, or “Yorky” as he was named, could easily have come in
first. The other men entered having no chance, these two proceeded
to arrange matters to their mutual advantage—that is, had they been
honest men, the advantage would have been mutual, for they agreed to
divide the stakes whatever the result. But in these matters there is
always a great deal more at stake than the money prize offered to the
winner. The art of betting and counterbetting would task the brain
of a mathematician to reduce its subtleties to a form intelligible
to the ordinary mind; and the supreme thought of each of the rogues,
after closing hands on the above agreement, was how he could best
benefit himself at the expense of the other. What the private
arrangements of The Gander were does not appear, except that he had
arranged to come in first, though the betting was all in favour of
Yorky; but just before they entered the dressing tent, a patron of
the sports—I will not call him a gentleman—took Yorky aside and said—
“How is this race to go? Have you any money on it to force you to
win?”
Yorky, having already arranged to lose, modestly hinted that, for a
substantial consideration, he would be willing to come in second.
“Second? whew! then who’d be first?” said the patron, not looking
greatly pleased with the proposal. “The Gander would walk off with
the stakes. He’d be sure to come in first. Could you not let Birrel
get to the front?”
“It might be managed,” said Yorky, with a significant wink.
“Then manage it;” and the price of the “management” was thrust into
his hand in bank notes, and the matter settled.
Yorky counted the money, and ran up in his mind all that The Gander
had on the race, and decided that the old soldier would promptly
refuse to lose the race in favour of Birrel. The money was not enough
to stand halving, so Yorky decided to keep it all, and also to
“pot” a little more by the new turn things had taken. He therefore
passed the word to a boon companion to put all his spare money on
Birrel, and then took his place among the competitors dressing for
the race. The start was made, and, as all had expected, Yorky and
The Gander gradually drew together, and then moved out to the front.
Birrel at the last round was a very bad third, while the other
runners were nowhere, and evidently only remaining on the track in
the faint hope of some unforeseen accident taking place to give one
of them the chance of a place. They had not long to wait. Yorky,
running at his swiftest, and apparently in splendid form, about
three yards in front of The Gander, instead of slackening his speed
as he had arranged, suddenly reeled and fell to the ground right in
front of his companion. The result may be guessed. The Gander was
on the obstruction before he knew, and sprawling in a half-stunned
condition a yard in front of Yorky’s body, while Birrel, amid a yell
from the spectators, drew up and shot ahead. The yell roused The
| 1,411.387613 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3684290 | 4,094 | 9 |
Produced by Punch, or the London Charivari, Malcolm Farmer
and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net
PUNCH, OR THE LONDON CHARIVARI.
VOL. 109.
SEPTEMBER 7, 1895.
THAT POOR PENNY DREADFUL!
["Is the 'Penny Dreadful' and its influence so very dreadful, I
wonder?"--JAMES PAYN.]
Alas! for the poor "Penny Dreadful"!
They say if a boy gets his head-full
Of terrors and crimes,
_He_ turns pirate--sometimes;
Or of horrors, at least, goes to bed full.
Now _is_ this according to Cocker?
Of Beaks one would not be a mocker,
But _do_ many lads
Turn thieves or foot-pads,
Through reading the cheap weekly Shocker?
Such literature is _not_ healthy;
But _does_ it make urchins turn stealthy
Depleters of tills,
Destroyers of wills,
Or robbers of relatives wealthy?
I have gloated o'er many a duel,
I've heard of DON PEDRO the Cruel:
Heart pulsing at high rate,
I've read how my Pirate
Gave innocent parties their gruel.
Yet I have ne'er felt a yearning
For stabbing, or robbing, or burning.
No highwayman clever
And handsome, has ever
Induced _me_ to take the wrong turning!
A lad who's a natural "villing,"
When reading of robbing and killing
_May_ feel wish to do so;
But SHEPPARD--like CRUSOE--
To your average boy's only "thrilling."
Ah! thousands on Shockers have fed full,
And yet _not_ of crimes got a head-full.
Let us put down the vile,
Yet endeavour the while,
To be _just_ to the poor "Penny Dreadful"!
* * * * *
[Illustration: EVIDENT.
_George._ "EH--HE'S A BIG 'UN; AIN'T HE, JACK?"
_Minister_ (_overhearing_). "YES, MY LAD; BUT IT'S NOT WITH EATING AND
DRINKING!"
_Jack._ "I'LL LAY IT'S NOT ALL WI' FASTIN' AN' PRAYIN'!"]
* * * * *
FOR WHEEL OR WOE.
The Rural District Council at Chester resolved recently to station
men on the main roads leading into the city to count the number
of cyclists, with a view to estimating what revenue would accrue
from a cycle tax. Extremely high and public-spirited of the Chester
authorities to take the matter up. These dwellers by the Dee ought to
adopt as their motto, "The wheel has come full cycle."
* * * * *
"WHO IS SYLVIA?"--An opera, from the pen of Dr. JOSEPH PARRY, the
famous Welsh composer, entitled _Sylvia_, has been successfully
produced at the Cardiff Theatre Royal. The _libretto_ is by Mr.
FLETCHER and Mr. MENDELSSOHN PARRY, the _maestro's_ son, so that the
entire production is quite _parry-mutuel_.
* * * * *
THE RAILWAY RACE.
[Illustration]
A new British sport has arisen, or rather has, after a seven years'
interval, been revived within the last week or so, and the British
sporting reporter, so well-known for his ready supply of vivid and
picturesque metaphor, has, as usual, risen to the occasion. That large
and growing class of sedentary "sportsmen," whose athletic proclivities
are confined to the perusal of betting news, have now a fresh item
of interest to discuss in the performances of favourite and rival
locomotives. More power has been added to the elbows of the charming
and vociferous youths, who push their way through the London streets
with the too familiar cry of "Win-nerr!" (which, by the way, has quite
superseded that of "Evening Piper!"). And the laborious persons who
assiduously compile "records" have enough work to do to keep pace with
their daily growing collection. Even the mere "Man in the Street" knows
the amount of rise in the Shap Fell and Potter's Bar gradients, though
possibly, if you cross-question him, he could not tell you where they
are. However, the great daily and evening papers are fully alive to the
occasion, and the various sporting "Majors" and "Prophets" are well to
the fore with such "pars" as the following:--
Flying Buster, that smart and rakish yearling from the Crewe stud, was
out at exercise last evening with a light load of eighty tons, and did
some very satisfactory trials.
* * * * *
Invicta, the remarkably speedy East Coast seven-year-old, made a very
good show in her run from Grantham to York yesterday. She covered the
80-1/2 miles in 78 minutes with Driver TOMKINS up, and a weight of some
120 tons, without turning a hair. She looked extremely well-trained,
and I compliment her owners on her appearance.
* * * * *
Really something ought to be done with certain of the Southern
starters. I will name no names, but I noticed one the other day whose
pace was more like thirty hours a mile than thirty miles an hour. I
have heard of donkey-engines, and this one would certainly win a donkey
race.
* * * * *
These long-distance races are, no doubt, excellent tests for the
strength and stamina of our leading cross-country "flyers," but I
must enter a protest against the abnormally early hours at which the
chief events are now being pulled off. A sporting reporter undergoes
many hardships for the good of the public, but not the least is the
disagreable duty of being in at the finish at Aberdeen, say at 4.55
A.M. The famous midnight steeple-chase was nothing to it.
* * * * *
There was some very heavy booking last night at Euston, and Puffing
Billy the Second was greatly fancied. He has much finer action and
bigger barrel than his famous sire, not to mention being several hands
higher. It is to be hoped that he will not turn out a roarer, like the
latter.
* * * * *
There are dark rumours abroad that the King's Cross favourite has been
got at. She was in the pink of condition two days ago; but when I saw
her pass at Peterborough to-day, she was decidedly touched in the wind.
The way she laboured along was positively distressing. Besides, she was
sweating and steaming all over.
* * * * *
I will wire my prophecies for to-day as soon as I know the results.
THE SHUNTER.
* * * * *
[Illustration: "THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST."
_Hackney_ (_to Shire Horse_). "LOOK HERE, FRIEND DOBBIN, I'LL BE SHOD
IF THEY WON'T DO AWAY WITH US ALTOGETHER SOME OF THESE DAYS!"]
* * * * *
[Illustration: PICKINGS FROM PICARDY.
AFTER THE PROCESSION. A SOLO BY GRAND-PERE.]
* * * * *
CHARACTER OF THE HAPPY "COPPER."
(_After Wordsworth's "Character of the Happy Warrior."_)
[Sir JOHN BRIDGE, at Bow Street, bidding farewell to Detective-Sergeant
PARTRIDGE, retiring after thirty years' service, described the virtues
of the perfect policeman. He must be "absolutely without fear," "gentle
and mild in manner," and utterly free from "swagger," &c., &c.]
Who is the happy "Copper"? Who is he
Whom every Man in Blue should wish to be?
--It is the placid spirit, who, when brought
Near drunken men, and females who have fought,
Surveys them with a glance of sober thought;
Whose calm endeavours check the nascent fight,
And "clears the road" from watchers fierce and tight.
Who, doomed to tramp the slums in cold or rain,
Or put tremendous traffic in right train,
_Does_ it, with plucky heart and a cool brain;
In face of danger shows a placid power,
Which is our human nature's highest dower;
Controls crowds, roughs subdues, outwitteth thieves,
Comforts lost kids, yet ne'er a tip receives
For objects which he would not care to state.
Cool-headed, cheery, and compassionate;
Though skilful with his fists, of patience sure
,
And menaced much, still able to endure.
--'Tis he who is Law's vassal; who depends
Upon that Law as freedom's best of friends;
Whence, in the streets where men are tempted still
By fine superfluous pubs to swig and swill
Drink that in quality is not the best,
The Perfect Bobby brings cool reason's test
To shocks and shindies, and street-blocking shows;
Men argue, women wrangle,--Bobby _knows_!
--Who, conscious of his power of command
Stays with a nod, and checks with lifted hand,
And bids this van advance, that cab retire,
According to his judgment and desire;
Who comprehends his trust, and to the same
Keeps true with stolid singleness of aim;
And therefore does not stoop nor lie in wait
For beery guerdon, or for bribery's bait;
Thieves he must follow; should a cab-horse fall,
A lost child bellow, a mad woman squall,
His powers shed peace upon the sudden strife,
And crossed concerns of common civic life,
A constant influence, a peculiar grace;
But who, if he be called upon to face
Some awful moment of more dangerous kind,
Shot that may slay, explosion that may blind,
Is cool as a cucumber; and attired
In the plain blue earth's cook-maids have admired,
Calm, through the heat of conflict, keeps the law,
Fearless, unswaggering, and devoid of "jaw."
Or if some unexpected call succeed
To fire, flood, fight, he's equal to the need;
--He who, though thus endowed with strength and sense,
To still the storm and quiet turbulence,
Is yet a soul whose master bias leans
To home-like pleasures and to jovial scenes;
And though in rows his valour prompt to prove,
Cooks and cold mutton share his manly love:--
'Tis, finally, the man, who, lifted high
On a big horse at some festivity,
Conspicuous object in the people's eye,
Or tramping sole some slum's obscurity,
Who, with a beat that's quiet, or "awful hot,"
Prosperous or want-pinched, to his taste or not,
Plays, in the many games of life, that one
In which the Beak's approval may be won;
And which may earn him, when he quits command,
Good, genial, Sir JOHN BRIDGE'S friendly shake o' the hand.
Whom neither knife nor pistol can dismay,
Nor thought of bribe or blackmail can betray:
Who, not content that former worth stand fast,
Looks forward, persevering, to the last,
To be with PARTRIDGE, ex-detective, class'd:
Who, whether praised by bigwigs of the earth,
Or object of the Stage's vulgar mirth,
Plods on his bluchered beat, cool, gentle, game,
And leaves _somewhere_ a creditable name;
Finds honour in his cloth and in his cause,
And, when he dips into retirement, draws
His country's gratitude, the Bow Street Beak's applause:
This is the happy "Copper"; this is he
Whom every Man in Blue should wish to be.
* * * * *
"TWENTY MINUTES ON THE CONTINENT."
(_By Our Own Intrepid Explorer._)
"I tell you what you want," said my friend SAXONHURST. "You find your
morning dumb-bells too much for you, and complain of weakness--you
ought to get a blow over to France."
[Illustration]
The gentleman who made the suggestion is a kind guardian of my health.
He is not a doctor, although I believe he did "walk the hospitals" in
his early youth, but knows exactly what to advise. As a rule, when I
meet him he proposes some far-a-field journey. "What!" he exclaims,
in a tone of commiseration; "got a bad cold! Why not trot over to
Cairo? The trip would do you worlds of good." I return: "No doubt it
would, but I havn't the time." At the mere suggestion of "everyone's
enemy," SAXONHURST roars with laughter. He is no slave to be bound by
time. He has mapped out any number of pleasant little excursions that
can be carried out satisfactorily during that period known to railway
companies (chiefly August and September) as "the week's end." He has
discovered that within four-and-twenty hours you can thoroughly "do"
France, and within twice that time make yourself absolutely conversant
with the greater part of Spain. So when he tells me that I want "a blow
over" to the other side of the Channel, I know that he is proposing no
lengthy proceedings.
"About twenty minutes or so on the continent will soon set you to
rights," continues SAXONHURST, in a tone of conviction. "Just you
trust to the London, Chatham and Dover Railway and they will pull you
through. Keep your eye on the 9 A.M. Express from Victoria and you will
never regret it."
Farther conversation proved to me that it was well within the resources
of modern civilization to breakfast comfortably in Belgravia, lunch
sumptuously at Calais, and be back in time for a cup of (literally)
five o'clock tea at South Kensington. Within eight hours one could
travel to the coast, cross the silver streak twice, call upon the
Gallic _douane_, test the _cuisine_ of the _buffet_ attached to the
Hotel Terminus, and attend officially Mrs. ANYBODY'S "last Any-day." It
seemed to be a wonderful feat, and yet when I came to perform it, it
was as easy as possible.
There is no deception at 9 A.M. every morning at the Victoria Station.
A sign-post points out the Dover Boat Express, and tells you at the
same time whether you are to have the French-flagged services of the
_Invicta_ and the _Victoria_, or sail under the red ensign of the
_Calais-Douvres_. Personally, I prefer the latter, as I fancy it is
the fastest of the speedy trio. Near to the board of information is a
document heavy with fate. In it you can learn whether the sea is to
be "smooth," "light," "moderate," or "rather rough." If you find that
your destiny is one of the two last mentioned, make up your mind for
breezy weather, with its probable consequences. Of course, if you can
face the steward with cheerful unconcern in a hurricane, you will have
nothing to fear. But if you find it necessary to take chloral before
embarking (say) on the Serpentine in a dead calm, then beware of the
trail of the tempest, and the course of the coming storm. If a man who
is obliged to go on insists that "it will be all right," take care, and
beware. "Trust him not," as the late LONGFELLOW poetically suggested,
as it is quite within the bounds of possibility that he may be "fooling
thee." But if the meteorological report points to "set fair," then
away with all idle apprehensions, and hie for the first-class smoking
compartment, that stops not until it gets to Dover pier, for the pause
at Herne Hill scarcely counts for anything.
As you travel gaily along through the suburbs of Surrey and the hops of
Kent, you have just time to glance from your comfortable cushioned seat
at "beautiful Battersea," "salubrious Shortlands," "cheerful Chatham,"
"smiling Sittingbourne," "favoured (junction for Dover and Ramsgate)
Faversham," and last, but not least, "cathedral-cherishing Canterbury."
You hurry through the quaint old streets of "the Key to Brompton" (I
believe that is the poetical _plus_ strategical designation of the
most warlike of our cinque ports), and in two twos you are on board
the _Calais-Douvres_, bound for the _buffet_ of _buffets_, the pride
of the caterer's craft, or rather (to avoid possible misapprehension)
his honourable calling. The Channel is charming. This marvellous twenty
miles of water is as wayward as a woman. At one time it will compel
the crews of the steamers to appear in complete suits of oil-skin; at
another it is as smooth as a billiard-table, and twice as smiling. The
report at Victoria has not been misleading. We are to have a pleasant,
and consequently prosperous passage.
On board I find a goodly company of lunchers. Mr. Recorder BUNNY,
Q.C., sedate and silent--once the terror of thieves of all classes,
and ruffians of every degree, now partly in retreat. Then there is the
MACSTORM, C.B., warrior and novelist. Foreign affairs are represented
by MM. BONHOMMIE and DE CZARVILLE, excellent fellows both, and capable
correspondents in London. Then there are a host of celebrities. DICKY
HOGARTH, the caricaturist; SAMUEL STEELE SHERIDAN, the dramatist; and
SHAK | 1,411.388469 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.3685490 | 3,120 | 13 |
Produced by Greg Bergquist and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
A SOLDIER IN
THE PHILIPPINES
BY
N. N. FREEMAN
(PRIVATE, U.S.A.)
[Illustration]
F. TENNYSON NEELY CO.
114 Fifth Avenue
NEW YORK
96 Queen Street
LONDON
Copyright, 1901,
by
D. L. FREEMAN,
in the
United States
and
Great Britain.
Entered at
Stationers' Hall, London.
All Rights Reserved.
A SOLDIER IN THE PHILIPPINES.
CHAPTER I.
Needom Freeman, in the United States regular army during the years
1898-1900, was born in the quiet little country village of
Barrettsville, Dawson County, Ga., on the 25th of September, 1874.
Many things have been said and written of army life during the
Spanish-American war, but usually from the officers' point of view. As a
matter of fact the ideas of a private if spoken or written are
unbelieved simply because the prestige of office was not attached, and
receives but little credit.
The early part of my life was passed in and near the little village of
my birth. Working on the farm and attending the village school a few
months during the time when farming operations were suspended, consumed
about all my time. My father being a poor man with a large family and
unable to give his children the benefit of any advanced education, it
fell to my lot to receive but little instruction. I was the eighth child
in a family of thirteen--five sons and eight daughters.
Having attained the long awaited age of twenty-one, when most young men
are buoyant and full of hope and ambition, I turned my thoughts
westward, where I hoped to make my fortune. I gathered together my few
possessions and proceeded to Texas, arriving at Alvarado, Texas, the
second day of November, 1895.
Obtaining employment on a farm, my old occupation was resumed for
eighteen weeks, but finding this too commonplace and not fulfilling my
desires nor expectations, the farm work was once more given up.
I obtained a position with a wrecking crew on the Santa Fe Railroad. For
twelve months I worked with this crew, then gave it up in disgust.
A few weeks' employment in the cotton mills of Dallas, Texas, were
sufficient to satisfy me with that sort of work.
I next obtained employment with the street railroad of Dallas, filling
the position of motorman, which I held for three months. One night,
while with several friends, the subject of enlisting in the army was
discussed; this strongly appealed to me, and studying the matter
further, I became enthused over the idea. I determined to enlist at
once. My position as motorman with the street railroad company was given
up. My salary was forty-five dollars a month, as against one-third that
amount in the army, but this made little difference to me. I was anxious
to be a soldier and live the life of one.
I proceeded to the recruiting office in Dallas to stand an examination,
was weighed, then measured all over, every scar was measured, my
complexion was noted, my age, place of birth and all about my people
were taken. My fingers and toes were twisted and almost pulled off. It
occurred to me that possibly my examiners thought my fingers and toes
might be artificial. After part of two days' weighing, measuring, finger
pulling, toe-twisting and questioning I was pronounced subject and sent
to the St. George Hotel, in Dallas, to await further orders. Of twelve
applicants who were standing the same examination I was the only
successful one. I enlisted under Lieutenant Charles Flammil for a
service of three years, unless discharged before the expiration of that
time. I was to obey all the orders of my superior officers, which meant
every officer from corporal up.
From Dallas I was sent to Fort McIntosh, south-west of Dallas, on the
border of Texas and Mexico, on the Rio Grande. My long cherished hope
was now being fulfilled. I had from a mere boy had a desire to be one of
Uncle Sam's soldiers and fight for my country. I had now entered the
service for three years and will let the reader judge for himself
whether or not he thinks that I should be satisfied with the service and
experience of a soldier.
Fort McIntosh is in Laredo, Texas. Here I was assigned, upon my arrival,
to Company A, Twenty-third United States Infantry. I had only been there
a few days when Company A was ordered out on a practice march of one
hundred and twenty miles. Of course I wanted to go, thinking it would be
a picnic. I only had a few days' drilling at the fort, and that was all
I ever had, but I was anxious to go on this march with my company, and
Goodale, called "Grabby" by the men, had my uniform and necessary
equipage issued to me and let me go with the company. I learned during
the first days' march its object was not to have a picnic, but just to
try us and prepare us for the service we might at any time be called
upon to perform. We were to get hardened a little by this practice
march.
The second day out we were halted every hour and rested ten minutes.
During one of those rests I pulled off my shoes to see what was hurting
my feet. I found on each of my heels a large blister and several small
ones. A non-commissioned officer saw the condition of my feet and
ordered me into the ambulance. I was afraid the soldiers would laugh at
me for falling out. First I hesitated, but very soon I had plenty of
company in the ambulance.
The march was through a rough country, the roads were very bad, and
travel was difficult. Twenty miles a day through chaparral bushes and
cactus is a good day's march for soldiers, with all their equipage. The
infantryman carried a rifle, belt, haversack and canteen. Tents were
pitched every night and guards stationed around the camp to keep away
prowling Mexicans and others who would steal the provisions of the camp.
Tents were struck at morning and everything put in readiness for the
day's march. The company was out fifteen days on that practice march
across the plains. Four days, however, were really holidays. We spent
them hunting and fishing. Fish and game were plentiful. A few deer were
to be found, but ducks and blue quail were the principal game. The
company returned to Fort McIntosh on the third of December.
I had to be drilled as a recruit; never having had any military
training, everything was new to me. I was drilled hard for a month
before I was assigned to the company for duty. That month's drill was
very hard.
After I was assigned for duty I learned something new about military
affairs every day for a year. The manner of all the drill masters was
very objectionable to me at first; I did not like the way they spoke to
a soldier and gave commands, which, if disobeyed, punishment was
inflicted. The month I drilled as a recruit by myself I was under
Sergeant Robert Scott of my company. During that time I thought Sergeant
Scott the most unkind man I had ever seen. He looked ugly and talked
harshly. I thought he meant every word he said. After I learned how the
commands were given and was taught how to execute them, it seemed very
simple and then I was assigned for duty.
When my time came to serve on guard duty I did not understand the
"general orders" and "special orders." I went on guard perfectly
bewildered with the instructions given me about my duties.
I did not know what to do. I watched for the officer of the day to make
his round and give orders every day and night.
Two hours' duty on post was the time we stood guard before being
relieved by the proper authority. If a man is caught sitting down while
on duty he is severely punished by being placed in the guard house, and
sentenced to hard labor for a long time. Sometimes the labor sentence
runs as high as six months or more, according to the gravity of the
offense.
I was very careful not to get in the guard house or miss roll call,
having to pay fines or working hard all day with a sentry over me.
Every soldier had to be on his bunk at eleven o'clock at night; his
check was taken and delivered to the officer of the day. Nine o'clock
was bed time, but the checks were not taken up until eleven. The first
call of the morning was sounded at a quarter before six, when we must
answer to reveille, followed by a drilling exercise of fifteen minutes.
After breakfast every soldier had to sweep under his bunk and prepare it
and himself for inspection, which took place after drill hour, which was
from eight to nine o'clock.
A gymnastic drill of thirty minutes each day, except Saturday and
Sunday, was given the company for a month, then for three months this
was omitted, then another month's drill was given us, and then the same
intermission; thus we had them alternately the whole year.
The Sabbath receives but little notice in the army. All duties went on
just as any other day.
Several hours every day were unoccupied by the soldier's duties. The men
could amuse themselves during these hours by reading newspapers and
books, as a very good library was at hand. Aside from reading were such
amusements as billiards, cards and music. These became monotonous and
disgusting to me, and in less than two months I would have gladly given
up my position, but I was in for three years, and had to stay and make
the best of it.
CHAPTER II.
The Christmas holidays were delightful indeed for soldiers, no tasks to
perform for one whole week, except guard duty. The week was spent in
gambling and revelry.
All other holidays meant hard work all day for soldiers; usually they
were days of celebrating some event in the history of our country or
some man must be honored, and homage paid to his memory. The soldiers on
these occasions had to parade and march along the streets all day. Every
holiday, except that of Christmas, was a dreaded day to soldiers.
April first, 1898, my company was ordered out on the target range for
practice. We had had but little practice, only being there six days when
orders were received to prepare to leave our post at a moment's notice.
Those were memorable days. History was being added to, or rather made,
almost daily. Every one was talking of war with Spain, its results and
possibilities. Our camp was in a commotion, expecting war to be declared
at once. Everything was put in readiness for marching. In this condition
we remained until April seventeenth, when orders came at last for the
Twenty-third to proceed to New Orleans.
The city of Laredo gave our regiment a grand banquet before we left
there. Every man, woman and child, apparently, who could get out to see
us off, turned out.
The Twenty-third Regiment had been stationed at Laredo for eight years,
and during this time great attachment had been formed between the
soldiers and citizens. From Laredo to San Antonio was a long run,
attended by nothing of interest. At San Antonio the citizens
demonstrated their patriotism and hospitality by having a grand banquet
awaiting our arrival. Every man seemed to have a good time while there.
Before our train left, the citizens put several kegs of beer in every
car. This was appreciated very much, as beer seems to be a soldier's
favorite beverage, and one that he will have if he has money and is
where it can be bought. A soldier rarely refuses beer when offered to
him.
From San Antonio a run of forty hours carried us into New Orleans on
April nineteenth.
For a month we were there on guard duty. The majority of the regiment
seemed to enjoy their stay in New Orleans, but for me it was anything
but enjoyment.
The citizens were very kind to all soldiers, and seemed to regard them
very highly; when one went into the city he was generally given all the
beer he wished to drink, and made to feel welcome.
Soldiers care very little for anything, and do not seem to care very
much for themselves or for each other. They know that the responsibility
rests upon the officers, and that food and clothing will be furnished as
long as they are in the army. When a soldier draws his pay, usually the
first thing he looks for is some place to gamble and get rid of his
money in a few minutes, then he can be content. He is restless as long
as he has a dollar, and must gamble or take some friends to a saloon and
drink it up, then go away drunk.
If one man has any money and expects to keep it he must not let others
know of it, for they will expect him to spend it for all. Generally when
one man has any money it is free to all, and it is enjoyed as long as it
lasts. Soldiers are very generous and good-natured men; if not that way
at first they become so before a service of three years expires.
Army life is dangerous to the morals of many young men. They will take
up some bad habits if they have not power and determination to control
themselves. It is very easy for a man, especially a young man, to take
up some bad habits and lead a different life altogether in a short time
after he becomes a soldier. A man soon learns to drink and to gamble,
although he may have known nothing of these vices before his enlistment.
I thought that a soldier's life would suit me, but after a service of
three years I can truthfully state that it was not what I desired. Life
in camps at one place a little while, then at another place, winter and
summer, rain, sleet and snow, with twenty men in one wall tent, is very
disagreeable, unhealthy and unpleasant. I spent one month in camp in New
Orleans during the hot weather, and all | 1,411.388589 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.4615150 | 1,777 | 18 |
Produced by Delphine Lettau and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net
[Illustration: ALFIERI AND THE COUNTESS OF ALBANY
_From the original portrait in the possession of the Marchesa A.
Alfieri de Sostegno_]
THE COUNTESS
OF ALBANY
BY
VERNON LEE
WITH PORTRAITS
LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD
NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY. MCMX
SECOND EDITION
Printed by BALLANTYNE AND CO. LIMITED
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London
TO THE MEMORY OF MY FRIEND
MADAME JOHN MEYER,
I DEDICATE THIS VOLUME,
SO OFTEN AND SO LATELY TALKED OVER TOGETHER,
IN GRATEFUL AND AFFECTIONATE REGRET.
PREFACE
In preparing this volume on the Countess of Albany (which I consider as
a kind of completion of my previous studies of eighteenth-century
Italy), I have availed myself largely of Baron Alfred von Reumont's
large work _Die Graefin von Albany_ (published in 1862); and of the
monograph, itself partially founded on the foregoing, of M. St. Rene
Taillandier, entitled _La Comtesse d'Albany_, published in Paris in
1862. Baron von Reumont's two volumes, written twenty years ago and when
the generation which had come into personal contact with the Countess of
Albany had not yet entirely died out; and M. St. Rene Taillandier's
volume, which embodied the result of his researches into the archives of
the Musee Fabre at Montpellier; might naturally be expected to have
exhausted all the information obtainable about the subject of their and
my studies. This has proved to be the case very much less than might
have been anticipated. The publication, by Jacopo Bernardi and Carlo
Milanesi, of a number of letters of Alfieri to Sienese friends, has
afforded me an insight into Alfieri's character and his relations with
the Countess of Albany such as was unattainable to Baron von Reumont and
to M. St. Rene Taillandier. The examination, by myself and my friend
Signor Mario Pratesi, of several hundreds of MS. letters of the Countess
of Albany existing in public and private archives at Siena and at
Milan, has added an important amount of what I may call psychological
detail, overlooked by Baron von Reumont and unguessed by M. St. Rene
Taillandier. I have, therefore, I trust, been able to reconstruct the
Countess of Albany's spiritual likeness during the period--that of her
early connection with Alfieri--which my predecessors have been satisfied
to despatch in comparatively few pages, counterbalancing the thinness of
this portion of their biographies by a degree of detail concerning the
Countess's latter years, and the friends with whom she then corresponded,
which, however interesting, cannot be considered as vital to the real
subject of their works.
Besides the volumes of Baron von Reumont and M. St. Rene Taillandier, I
have depended mainly upon Alfieri's autobiography, edited by Professor
Teza, and supplemented by Bernardi's and Milanesi's _Lettere di Vittorio
Alfieri_, published by Le Monnier in 1862. Among English books that I
have put under contribution, I may mention Klose's _Memoirs of Prince
Charles Edward Stuart_ (Colburn, 1845), Ewald's _Life and Times of
Prince Charles Stuart_ (Chapman and Hall, 1875), and Sir Horace Mann's
_Letters to Walpole_, edited by Dr. Doran. A review, variously
attributed to Lockhart and to Dennistoun, in the _Quarterly_ for 1847,
has been all the more useful to me as I have been unable to procure,
writing in Italy, the _Tales of the Century_, of which that paper gives
a masterly account.
For various details I must refer to Charles Dutens' _Memoires d'un
Voyageur qui se repose_ (Paris, 1806); to Silvagni's _La Corte e la
Societa Romana nel secolo XVIII._; to Foscolo's _Correspondence_, Gino
Capponi's _Ricordi_ and those of d'Azeglio; to Giordani's works and
Benassu Montanari's _Life of Ippolito Pindemonti_, besides the books
quoted by Baron Reumont; and for what I may call the general pervading
historical colouring (if indeed I have succeeded in giving any) of the
background against which I have tried to sketch the Countess of Albany,
Charles Edward and Alfieri, I can only refer generally to what is
now a vague mass of detail accumulated by myself during the years of
preparation for my _Studies of the Eighteenth Century in Italy_.
My debt to the kindness of persons who have put unpublished matter at my
disposal, or helped me to collect various information, is a large one.
In the first category, I wish to express my best thanks to the Director
of the Public Library at Siena; to Cavaliere Guiseppe Porri, a great
collector of autographs, in the same city; to the Countess Baldelli and
Cavaliere Emilio Santarelli of Florence, who possess some most curious
portraits and other relics of the Countess of Albany, Prince Charles
Edward, and Alfieri; and also to my friend Count Pierre Boutourline,
whose grandfather and great-aunt were among Madame d'Albany's friends.
Among those who have kindly given me the benefit of their advice and
assistance, I must mention foremost my friend Signor Mario Pratesi, the
eminent novelist; and next to him the learned Director of the State
Archives of Florence, Cavaliere Gaetano Milanese, and Doctor Guido
Biagi, of the Biblioteca Vittorio Emanuel of Rome, without whose
kindness my work would have been quite impossible.
Florence,
March 15, 1884.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.--THE BRIDE 1
CHAPTER II.--THE BRIDEGROOM 14
CHAPTER III.--REGINA APOSTOLORUM 25
CHAPTER IV.--THE HEIR 33
CHAPTER V.--FLORENCE 46
CHAPTER VI.--ALFIERI 57
CHAPTER VII.--THE CAVALIERE SERVENTE 72
CHAPTER VIII.--THE ESCAPE 80
CHAPTER IX.--ROME 91
CHAPTER X--ANTIGONE 102
CHAPTER XI.--SEPARATION 120
CHAPTER XII.--COLMAR 134
CHAPTER XIII.--RUE DE BOURGOYNE 142
CHAPTER XIV.--BEFORE THE STORM 155
CHAPTER XV.--ENGLAND 166
CHAPTER XVI.--THE MISOGALLO 176
CHAPTER XVII.--CASA GIANFIGLIAZZI 190
CHAPTER XVIII.--FABRE 199
CHAPTER XIX.--THE SALON OF THE COUNTESS 207
CHAPTER XX.--SANTA CROCE 220
ILLUSTRATIONS
ALFIERI AND THE COUNTESS OF ALBANY
_From the original portrait in the possession of the Marchesa A.
Alfieri de Sostegno_
CHARLES EDWARD STUART
_From a pastel, painter unknown, once in the possession of the heir
of the Countess of Albany's heir Fabre. Now in the possession of
Mrs. Horace Walpole, of Heckfield Place, Winchfield, Hants_
LOUISE, COUNTESS OF ALBANY
_From a pastel once in the possession of the heirs of Fabre, now
in the possession of Mrs. Horace Walpole, of Heckfield Place,
| 1,411.481555 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.4640900 | 147 | 12 |
Produced by David Widger
THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS M.A. F.R.S.
CLERK OF THE ACTS AND SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY
TRANSCRIBED FROM THE SHORTHAND MANUSCRIPT IN THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY
MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE BY THE REV. MYNORS BRIGHT M.A. LATE FELLOW
AND PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE
(Unabridged)
WITH LORD BRAYBROOKE'S NOTES
EDITED WITH ADDITIONS BY
HENRY B. WHEATLEY F.S.A.
| 1,411.48413 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.4664890 | 261 | 15 |
Produced by Mark C. Orton, Les Galloway and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
file was produced from images generously made available
by The Internet Archive)
FLETCHERISM: WHAT IT IS
HORACE FLETCHER'S WORKS
THE A.B.-Z. OF OUR OWN NUTRITION. Thirty-fourth thousand. 462 pp.
THE NEW MENTICULTURE; OR, THE A-B-C OF TRUE LIVING. Fifty-third
thousand. 310 pp.
THE NEW GLUTTON OR EPICURE; OR, ECONOMIC NUTRITION. Eighteenth
thousand. 344 pp.
HAPPINESS AS FOUND IN FORETHOUGHT MINUS FEARTHOUGHT. Fifteenth
thousand. 251 pp.
THAT LAST WAIF; OR, SOCIAL QUARANTINE. Sixth thousand. 270 pp.
FLETCHERISM: WHAT IT IS; OR, HOW I BECAME YOUNG AT SIXTY. 240 pp.
[Illustration: THE AUTHOR]
FLETCHERISM
WHAT IT IS
OR
HOW I BECAME YOUNG
AT SIXTY
BY
| 1,411.486529 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.4683970 | 1,778 | 6 | V (OF 8)***
E-text prepared by Charlene Taylor, Christine P. Travers, and the Project
Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from
page images generously made available by Internet Archive
(http://www.archive.org)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 29341-h.htm or 29341-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29341/29341-h/29341-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29341/29341-h.zip)
Images of the original pages are available
through Internet Archive. See
http://www.archive.org/details/storyofgreatwarh05churuoft
Transcriber's note:
Obvious printer's errors have been corrected. Hyphenation
and accentuation have been made consistent. All other
inconsistencies are as in the original. The author's
spelling has been retained.
Page 26: "notwithstanding he or they may believe to the
contrary" has been changed to "notwithstanding what he or
they may believe to the contrary".
Pages 178/179: Words are missing between "cross-" and "of"
in the sentence: Ten miles west of Kolki the Russians
succeeded in cross-of Gruziatin, two miles north of
Godomitchy, the small German garrison of which, consisting
of some five hundred officers and men, fell into Russian
captivity.
Page 200: "during pursuit of the Russians" has been
changed to "during pursuit by the Russians".
THE STORY OF THE GREAT WAR
History of the European War from Official Sources
Complete Historical Records of Events to Date,
Illustrated with Drawings, Maps, and Photographs
Prefaced by
What the War Means to America
Major General Leonard Wood, U.S.A.
Naval Lessons of the War
Rear Admiral Austin M. Knight, U.S.N.
The World's War
Frederick Palmer
Theatres of the War's Campaigns
Frank H. Simonds
The War Correspondent
Arthur Ruhl
Edited by
Francis J. Reynolds
Former Reference Librarian of Congress
Allen L. Churchill
Associate Editor, The New International Encyclopedia
Francis Trevelyan Miller
Editor in Chieft, Photographic History of the Civil War
P. F. Collier & Son Company
New York
[Illustration: Jutland.]
THE STORY OF THE GREAT WAR
Battle of Jutland Bank. Russian
Offensive. Kut-El-Amara
East Africa. Verdun. The
Great Somme Drive. United
States and Belligerents
Summary of Two Years' War
VOLUME V
P. F. Collier & Son. New York
Copyright 1916
By P. F. Collier & Son
CONTENTS
PART I.--AUSTRIAN PROPAGANDA
CHAPTER Page
I. Austrian Ambassador Implicated in Strike Plots--his
Recall--Ramifications of German Conspiracies 9
II. The Plot To Destroy Ships--Pacific Coast
Conspiracies--Hamburg-American Case--Scope of New York
Investigations 15
III. Von Rintelen's Activities--Congressman Involved--Germany's
Repudiations--Dismissal of Captains Boy-Ed and
Von Papen 22
IV. Great Britain's Defense of Blockade--American
Methods in Civil War Cited 28
V. British Blockade Denounced As Illegal and Ineffective
by the United States--The American Position 35
VI. Great Britain Unyielding--Effect of the Blockade--The
Chicago Meat Packers' Case 44
VII. Seizure of Suspected Ships--Trading With the Enemy--The
Appam--The Anglo-French Loan--Ford Peace Expedition 49
VIII. American Pacificism--Preparedness--Munition Safeguard 54
PART II.--OPERATIONS ON THE SEA
IX. Naval Engagements in Many Waters 59
X. Minor Engagements and Losses 66
XI. The Battle of Jutland Bank--Beginning 70
XII. Some Secondary Features of the Battle 89
XIII. Losses and Tactics 94
XIV. Death of Lord Kitchener--Other Events of the Second Year 108
PART III.--CAMPAIGN ON THE EASTERN FRONT
XV. The Eastern Front at the Approach of Spring, 1916 116
XVI. The Russian March--Offensive from Riga to Pinsk 122
XVII. Resumption of Austro-Russian Operations 133
XVIII. Thaw and Spring Floods 141
XIX. Artillery Duels 149
XX. The Great Russian Offensive 154
XXI. The Russian Reconquest of the Bukowina 162
XXII. In Conquered East Galicia 173
XXIII. The German Counteroffensive Before Kovel 178
XXIV. Progress of the Bukowinian Conquest 183
XXV. Temporary Lull in the Russian Offensive 188
XXVI. Advance Against Lemberg and Kovel 192
XXVII. The Germans' Stand on the Stokhod 198
XXVIII. Increased Strength of the Russian Drive 207
PART IV.--THE BALKANS
XXIX. Holding Fast in Saloniki 212
XXX. Military and Political Events in Greece 216
PART V.--AUSTRO-ITALIAN CAMPAIGN
XXXI. Resumption of Operations on the Italian Front 229
XXXII. The Spring of 1916 on the Austro-Italian Front 235
XXXIII. The Austrian May Drive in the Trentino 244
XXXIV. The Rise and Failure of the Austro-Hungarian Drive 255
XXXV. The Italian Counteroffensive in the Trentino 265
XXXVI. Continuation of the Italian Counteroffensive 276
XXXVII. Minor Operations on the Austro-Italian Front in
Trentino Offensive 283
PART VI.--RUSSO-TURKISH CAMPAIGN
XXXVIII. Russian Successes After Erzerum 292
PART VII.--CAMPAIGN IN MESOPOTAMIA AND PERSIA
XXXIX. Renewed Attempt To Relieve Kut-el-Amara 307
XL. The Surrender of Kut-el-Amara 318
XLI. Spring and Summer Trench War on the Tigris 326
XLII. Russian Advance Toward Bagdad 330
XLIII. Turkish Offensive and Russian Counteroffensive in
Armenia and Persia 335
PART VIII.--OPERATIONS ON THE WESTERN FRONT
XLIV. Renewal of the Battle of Verdun 340
XLV. The Struggle for Vaux Fort and Village--Battle of
Mort Homme 348
XLVI. Battle of Hill 304 and Douaumont--The Struggle at
Fleury 361
XLVII. Spring Operations in Other Sectors 371
XLVIII. Battle of the Somme--Allied Preparations--Position
of the Opposing Forces 377
XLIX. The British Attack 382
L. The French Attacks North and South of the Somme 387
LI. The British Attack (Continued) 392
LII. The Second Phase of the Battle of the Somme 401
PART IX.--THE WAR IN THE AIR
LIII. The Value of Zeppelins in Long-Distance
Reconnoitering--Naval Auxiliaries 412
LIV. Aeroplane Improvements--Giant Machines--Technical
Developments 418
LV. Losses and Casualties in Aerial | 1,411.488437 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.5622810 | 117 | 9 |
Produced by Mark C. Orton, Linda McKeown, Barbara Tozier
and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net
THE MAKING OF BOBBY BURNIT
[Illustration: I'm in for some of the severest drubbings of my life]
THE MAKING OF BOBBY BURNIT
Being a Record of the Adventures of a Live American Young Man
_By GEORGE RANDOLPH CHESTER_
AUTHOR OF
"Get Rich Quick | 1,411.582321 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.5623780 | 195 | 31 |
Produced by Audrey Longhurst, Mary Meehan and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team.
THE CHILD OF THE DAWN
By ARTHUR CHRISTOPHER BENSON
FELLOW OF MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE
[Greek: edu ti tharsaleais ton makron teiein bion elpisin]
Author of THE UPTON LETTERS, FROM A COLLEGE WINDOW, BESIDE STILL WATERS,
THE ALTAR FIRE, THE SCHOOLMASTER, AT LARGE, THE GATE OF DEATH, THE
SILENT ISLE, JOHN RUSKIN, LEAVES OF THE TREE, CHILD OF THE DAWN, PAUL
THE MINSTREL
1912
To MY BEST AND DEAREST FRIEND
HERBERT FRANCIS WILLIAM TATHAM
IN LOVE AND HOPE
INTRODUCTION
I think that a book like | 1,411.582418 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.5637100 | 2,824 | 21 |
Produced by Richard Hulse, Alan and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
HISTORY
OF THE
UNITED STATES
[Illustration]
NEW YORK CINCINNATI CHICAGO
AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY
1891
COPYRIGHT, 1891, BY AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY.
PREFACE.
To the American youth the history of our country is more important than
any other branch of education. A fair degree of knowledge respecting
the progress of the American people from the discovery of the New World
to the present is almost essential to that citizenship into which our
youth are soon expected to enter. In a government of the people, for
the people and by the people, a familiar acquaintance with the course
of events, with the movements of society in peace and war, is the great
prerequisite to the exercise of those rights and duties which the
American citizen must assume if he would hold his true place in the
Nation.
Fortunately, the means for studying the history of our country are
abundant and easy. American boys and girls have little cause any longer
to complain that the writers and teachers have put beyond their reach
the story of their native land. Great pains have been taken, on the
contrary, to gather out of our annals as a people and nation the most
important and romantic parts, and to recite in pleasing style, and with
the aid of happy illustrations, the lessons of the past.
The author of the present volume has tried in every particular to put
himself in the place of the student. He has endeavored to bring to the
pupils of our great Common Schools a brief and easy narrative of all
the better parts of our country's history. It has been his aim to tell
the story as a lover of his native land should recite for others that
which is dearest and best to memory and affection. He has sought to
bring the careful results of historical research into the schoolroom
without any of the superfluous rubbish and scaffolding of obtrusive
scholarship and erudition.
Another aim in the present text-book for our youth has been to consider
the events of our country's history somewhat from our own point of
view--not to despise the history of civilization in the Mississippi
Valley, or to seek wholly for examples of heroism and greatness in
the older States of the Union. Perhaps no part of our country is more
favorably situated for taking such a view of our progress as a nation
than is that magnificent region, constituting as it does the most
fertile and populous portion of the continent. In the present History
of the United States the author has not hesitated to make emphatic
those paragraphs which relate to the development and progress of this
region.
For the rest the author has followed the usual channel of narration
from the aboriginal times to the colonization of our Atlantic coast
by the peoples of Western Europe; from that event by way of the Old
Thirteen Colonies to Independence; from Independence to regeneration
by war; and from our second birth to the present epoch of greatness
and promise. He cherishes the hope that his work in the hands of the
boys and girls of our public schools may pass into their memories and
hearts; that its lessons may enter into union with their lives, and
conduce in some measure to their development into men and women worthy
of their age and country.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
PREFACE 3
CONTENTS 5
INTRODUCTION 8
PART I.
PRIMITIVE AMERICA.
CHAPTER
I.--The Aborigines 11
PART II.
VOYAGE AND DISCOVERY.
II.--The Norsemen in America 21
III.--Spanish Discoveries in America 24
IV.--Spanish Discoveries in America.--Continued 28
V.--The French in America 35
VI.--English Discoveries and Settlements 41
VII.--English Discoveries and Settlements.--Continued 47
VIII.--Voyages and Settlements of the Dutch 53
PART III.
COLONIAL HISTORY.
IX.--Virginia.--The First Charter 57
X.--Charter Government.--Continued 65
XI.--Virginia.--The Royal Government 70
XII.--Massachusetts.--Settlement and Union 76
XIII.--Massachusetts.--War and Witchcraft 84
XIV.--New York.--Settlement and Administration of Stuyvesant 94
XV.--New York under the English 100
XVI.--Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire 106
XVII.--New Jersey and Pennsylvania 115
XVIII.--Maryland and North Carolina 122
XIX.--South Carolina and Georgia 128
XX.--French and Indian War 135
PART IV.
REVOLUTION AND CONFEDERATION.
XXI.--Causes of the Revolution 149
XXII.--The Beginning of the Revolution.--Events of 1775 157
XXIII.--The Events of 1776 163
XXIV.--Operations of 1777 171
XXV.--Events of 1778 and 1779 178
XXVI.--Reverses and Treason.--Events of 1780 187
XXVII.--Events of 1781 192
XXVIII.--Confederation and Union 199
PART V.
GROWTH OF THE UNION.
XXIX.--Washington's Administration 205
XXX.--Adams's Administration 211
XXXI.--Jefferson's Administration 214
XXXII.--Madison's Administration.--War of 1812 221
XXXIII.--War of 1812.--Events of 1813 228
XXXIV.--The Campaigns of 1814 235
XXXV.--Monroe's Administration 244
XXXVI.--Adams's Administration 248
XXXVII.--Jackson's Administration 250
XXXVIII.--Van Buren's Administration 254
XXXIX.--Administrations of Harrison and Tyler 257
XL.--Polk's Administration and the Mexican War 261
XLI.--Administrations of Taylor and Fillmore 269
XLII.--Pierce's Administration 273
XLIII.--Buchanan's Administration 275
PART VI.
THE CIVIL WAR.
XLIV.--Lincoln's Administration and the Civil War 281
XLV.--Causes of the Civil War 284
XLVI.--Events of 1861 288
XLVII.--Campaigns of 1862 293
XLVIII.--The Events of 1863 302
XLIX.--The Closing Conflicts.--Events of 1864 and 1865 310
PART VII.
THE NATION REUNITED.
L.--Johnson's Administration 323
LI.--Grant's Administration 328
LII.--Hayes's Administration 337
LIII.--Administrations of Garfield and Arthur 344
LIV.--Cleveland's Administration 350
LV.--Harrison's Administration 361
Appendix.--Constitution of the United States 371
Index 387
MAPS AND PORTRAITS.
MAPS.
PAGE
The New World, with Routes of Discoveries 24
The Colonies at the time of the French and Indian War 144
The Colonies at the time of the Revolution 192
The States in America during the Civil War 304
OUTLINE MAPS.
PAGE
The First English Settlements 48
Early Settlements in East Mass. 78
Middle Colonies 116
Washington's Route to Fort Le
Bœuf 139
Lake Champlain 142
Quebec in 1759 145
Vicinity of Boston 160
New York and Vicinity 168
Central New Jersey 170
Hudson River 174
Philadelphia and Vicinity 176
The Carolinas 186
Western Battlefields of the War of
1812 223
Operations about Niagara 235
Vicinity of Manassas Junction 288
Vicinity of Richmond, 1862 298
Vicksburg and Vicinity, 1863 303
Sherman's Atlanta Campaign 312
Operations in Virginia, 1864 and
1865 318
PORTRAITS.
PAGE
George Washington 10
Christopher Columbus 25
Pedro Menendez 33
Samuel Champlain 39
Sebastian Cabot 42
Sir Walter Raleigh 44
Captain John Smith 60
Peter Stuyvesant 96
William Penn 119
Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore 123
James Oglethorpe 131
Patrick Henry 152
Marquis de La Fayette 173
Benjamin Franklin 179
Paul Jones 186
General Greene 193
John Adams 211
Thomas Jefferson 214
James Madison 221
James Monroe 244
Henry Clay 247
John Quincy Adams 248
Andrew Jackson 250
Daniel Webster 251
Martin Van Buren 254
William Henry Harrison 257
John Tyler 257
James K. Polk 261
John Charles Fremont 263
Zachary Taylor 269
Millard Fillmore 270
Franklin Pierce 273
James Buchanan 275
Abraham Lincoln 281
George B. McClellan 291
Robert E. Lee 299
Stonewall Jackson 307
William T. Sherman 311
Joseph E. Johnston 313
Philip H. Sheridan 317
Andrew Johnson 323
Ulysses S. Grant 328
Horace Greeley 331
Rutherford B. Hayes 337
Oliver P. Morton 342
James A. Garfield 344
Chester A. Arthur 346
Grover Cleveland 350
Thomas A. Hendricks 356
Benjamin Harrison 361
INTRODUCTION.
There are several Periods in the history of the United States. It is
important for the student to understand these at the beginning. Without
such an understanding his notion of our country's history will be
confused and his study rendered difficult.
2. First of all, there was a time when the Western continent was under
the dominion of the Red men. The savage races possessed the soil,
hunted in the forests, roamed over the prairies. This is the Primitive
Period in American history.
3. After the discovery of America, the people of Europe were for a long
time engaged in exploring the New World and in becoming familiar with
its shape and character. For more than a hundred years, curiosity was
the leading passion with the adventurers who came to our shores. Their
disposition was to go everywhere and settle nowhere. These early times
may be called the Period of Voyage and Discovery.
4. Next came the time of planting colonies. The adventurers, tired of
wandering about, became anxious to found new States in the wilderness.
Kings and queens turned their attention to the work of colonizing the
New World. Thus arose a third period--the Period of Colonial History.
5. The colonies grew strong and multiplied. There were thirteen little
seashore republics. The rulers of the mother-country began a system of
oppression and tyranny. The colonies revolted, fought side by side, and
won their freedom. Not satisfied with mere independence, they formed
a Union destined to become strong and great. This is the Period of
Revolution and Confederation.
6. Then the United States of America entered upon its career as a
nation. Emigrants flocked to the Land of the Free. New States were
formed and added to the Union in rapid succession. To protect itself
from jealous neighbors, the nation pushed her boundaries across the
continent. This Period may be called the Growth of the Union.
7. But the nation was not truly free. Human slavery existed in the
South. This institution engendered sectional hatred and desires for
disunion which finally developed into the dark and bloody Period of the
Civil War.
8. Then the reunited nation laid aside its arms and entered upon a
period of | 1,411.58375 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.5657350 | 1,159 | 8 |
Produced by Donald Lainson. HTML version by Al Haines.
THE WIND IN THE ROSE-BUSH
And Other Stories Of The Supernatural
By
Mary Wilkins
Contents
The Wind in the Rose-bush
The Shadows on the Wall
Luella Miller
The Southwest Chamber
The Vacant Lot
The Lost Ghost
THE WIND IN THE ROSE-BUSH
Ford Village has no railroad station, being on the other side of the
river from Porter's Falls, and accessible only by the ford which gives
it its name, and a ferry line.
The ferry-boat was waiting when Rebecca Flint got off the train with
her bag and lunch basket. When she and her small trunk were safely
embarked she sat stiff and straight and calm in the ferry-boat as it
shot swiftly and smoothly across stream. There was a horse attached to
a light country wagon on board, and he pawed the deck uneasily. His
owner stood near, with a wary eye upon him, although he was chewing,
with as dully reflective an expression as a cow. Beside Rebecca sat a
woman of about her own age, who kept looking at her with furtive
curiosity; her husband, short and stout and saturnine, stood near her.
Rebecca paid no attention to either of them. She was tall and spare
and pale, the type of a spinster, yet with rudimentary lines and
expressions of matronhood. She all unconsciously held her shawl, rolled
up in a canvas bag, on her left hip, as if it had been a child. She
wore a settled frown of dissent at life, but it was the frown of a
mother who regarded life as a froward child, rather than as an
overwhelming fate.
The other woman continued staring at her; she was mildly stupid, except
for an over-developed curiosity which made her at times sharp beyond
belief. Her eyes glittered, red spots came on her flaccid cheeks; she
kept opening her mouth to speak, making little abortive motions.
Finally she could endure it no longer; she nudged Rebecca boldly.
"A pleasant day," said she.
Rebecca looked at her and nodded coldly.
"Yes, very," she assented.
"Have you come far?"
"I have come from Michigan."
"Oh!" said the woman, with awe. "It's a long way," she remarked
presently.
"Yes, it is," replied Rebecca, conclusively.
Still the other woman was not daunted; there was something which she
determined to know, possibly roused thereto by a vague sense of
incongruity in the other's appearance. "It's a long ways to come and
leave a family," she remarked with painful slyness.
"I ain't got any family to leave," returned Rebecca shortly.
"Then you ain't--"
"No, I ain't."
"Oh!" said the woman.
Rebecca looked straight ahead at the race of the river.
It was a long ferry. Finally Rebecca herself waxed unexpectedly
loquacious. She turned to the other woman and inquired if she knew
John Dent's widow who lived in Ford Village. "Her husband died about
three years ago," said she, by way of detail.
The woman started violently. She turned pale, then she flushed; she
cast a strange glance at her husband, who was regarding both women with
a sort of stolid keenness.
"Yes, I guess I do," faltered the woman finally.
"Well, his first wife was my sister," said Rebecca with the air of one
imparting important intelligence.
"Was she?" responded the other woman feebly. She glanced at her
husband with an expression of doubt and terror, and he shook his head
forbiddingly.
"I'm going to see her, and take my niece Agnes home with me," said
Rebecca.
Then the woman gave such a violent start that she noticed it.
"What is the matter?" she asked.
"Nothin', I guess," replied the woman, with eyes on her husband, who
was slowly shaking his head, like a Chinese toy.
"Is my niece sick?" asked Rebecca with quick suspicion.
"No, she ain't sick," replied the woman with alacrity, then she caught
her breath with a gasp.
"When did you see her?"
"Let me see; I ain't seen her for some little time," replied the woman.
Then she caught her breath again.
"She ought to have grown up real pretty, if she takes after my sister.
She was a real pretty woman," Rebecca said wistfully.
"Yes, I guess she did grow up pretty," replied the woman in a trembling
voice.
"What kind of a woman is the second wife?"
The woman glanced at her husband's warning face. She continued to gaze
at him while she replied in a choking voice to Rebecca:
"I--guess she's a nice woman," she replied. "I--don't know, I--guess
so. I--don't see much of her."
"I felt kind of hurt that John married again so quick," said Rebecca;
"but I suppose he wanted his house kept, and Agnes wanted care. I
wasn't so situated that I could take her when her mother died. I had
my own mother to care for, and I was school-teaching. Now mother has
gone | 1,411.585775 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.6384720 | 181 | 16 |
Produced by Douglas L. Alley, III, Colin Bell and the
Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
(This file was produced from images generously made
available by The Internet Archive)
THE EXPOSITOR'S BIBLE
EDITED BY THE REV.
W. ROBERTSON NICOLL, M.A., LL.D.
_Editor of "The Expositor"_
THE PSALMS
BY
ALEXANDER MACLAREN, D.D.
_VOLUME III._
PSALM XC.-CL.
NEW YORK
A. C. ARMSTRONG AND SON
51 EAST TENTH STREET
1894
THE EXPOSITOR'S BIBLE.
_Crown_ 8_vo, cloth, price_ $1.50 _each vol._ | 1,411.658512 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.6672010 | 1,478 | 18 |
Produced by Marius Masi, Don Kretz and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Transcriber's notes:
(1) Numbers following letters (without space) like C2 were originally
printed in subscript. Letter subscripts are preceded by an
underscore, like C_n.
(2) Characters following a carat (^) were printed in superscript.
(3) Side-notes were relocated to function as titles of their respective
paragraphs.
(4) Macrons and breves above letters and dots below letters were not
inserted.
(5) [root] stands for the root symbol; [alpha], [beta], etc. for greek
letters.
(6) The following typographical errors have been corrected:
ARTICLE HINDUISM: "But, in this respect, we also meet in the epics
with the first clear evidence of what in after time became the
prominent feature of the worship of Siva and his consort all over
India..."'respect' amended from'repect'.
ARTICLE HINDUISM: "Though the Lingayats still show a certain
animosity towards the Brahmans, and in the Census lists are
accordingly classed as an independent group beside the Hindus..."
'classed' amended from 'classes'.
ARTICLE HINTERLAND: "In the purely physical sense 'interior' or
'back country' is more commonly used, but the word has gained a
distinct political significance." 'or' amended from 'on'.
ARTICLE HIPPODROME: "... so that the width was far greater, being
about 400 ft., the course being 600 to 700 ft. long." 'course'
amended from 'cource'.
ARTICLE HIRSAU: "C. H. Klaiber, Das Kloster Hirschau (Tubingen,
1886); and Baer, Die Hirsauer Bauschule (Freiburg, 1897)."
'Hirsauer' amended from 'Hirsauers'.
ARTICLE HOBBES, THOMAS: "In politics the revulsion from his
particular conclusions did not prevent the more clear-sighted of
his opponents from recognizing the force of his supreme
demonstration of the practical irresponsibility of the sovereign
power..." 'particular' amended from 'particuar'.
ARTICLE HOFFMANN, JOHANN JOSEPH: "His Japanese grammar (Japanische
Sprachlehre) was published in Dutch and English in 1867, and in
English and German in 1876." 'Sprachlehre' amended from
'Sprechlehre'.
ARTICLE HOFMEYR, JAN HENDRIK: "He was editor of the Zuid Afrikaan
till its incorporation with Ons Land, and of the Zuid Afrikaansche
Tijdschrift." 'Tijdschrift' amended from 'Tidjschrift'.
ARTICLE HOHENLOHE: "... which was to exercise an important
influence on his political activity. As the younger son of a cadet
line of his house it was necessary for Prince Chlodwig to follow a
profession." 'political' amended from 'politcal'.
ARTICLE HOLLAND: "The height of the boezem peil ranges between
1(1/3) ft. above to 1(5/6) ft. below the Amsterdam zero..."
'between' amended from 'beween'.
ARTICLE HOLLAND: "... Nieuwe Wandelingen door Nederland, by J.
Craandijk and P. A. Schipperus (Haarlem, 1888)..." 'Wandelingen'
amended from 'Wanderlingen'.
ARTICLE HOLLAND: "... agreed to accept the sovereignty of the
Netherlands provinces, except Holland and Zeeland." 'Netherlands'
amended from 'Netherland'.
ARTICLE HOLLAND: "left England on the 22nd of August for
Sainte-Mere Eglise in Normandy." 'Eglise' amended from 'Eglide'.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE
AND GENERAL INFORMATION
ELEVENTH EDITION
VOLUME XIII, SLICE V
Hinduism to Home, Earls of
ARTICLES IN THIS SLICE:
HINDUISM HODY, HUMPHREY
HINDU KUSH HOE, RICHARD MARCH
HINDUR HOE
HINGANGHAT HOEFNAGEL, JORIS
HINGE HOF
HINGHAM HOFER, ANDREAS
HINRICHS, HERMANN WILHELM HOFFDING, HARALD
HINSCHIUS, PAUL HOFFMANN, AUGUST HEINRICH
HINTERLAND HOFFMANN, ERNST THEODOR WILHELM
HINTON, JAMES HOFFMANN, FRANCOIS BENOIT
HIOGO HOFFMANN, FRIEDRICH
HIP HOFFMANN, JOHANN JOSEPH
HIP-KNOB HOFMANN, AUGUST WILHELM VON
HIPPARCHUS HOFMANN, JOHANN CHRISTIAN KONRAD VON
HIPPASUS OF METAPONTUM HOFMANN, MELCHIOR
HIPPEASTRUM HOFMEISTER, WILHELM FRIEDRICH BENEDICT
HIPPED ROOF HOFMEYR, JAN HENDRIK
HIPPEL, THEODOR GOTTLIEB VON HOFSTEDE DE GROOT, PETRUS
HIPPIAS OF ELIS HOGARTH, WILLIAM
HIPPO HOGG, JAMES
HIPPOCRAS HOGG, THOMAS JEFFERSON
HIPPOCRATES HOGMANAY
HIPPOCRENE HOGSHEAD
HIPPODAMUS HOHENASPERG
HIPPODROME HOHENFRIEDBERG
HIPPOLYTUS (Greek legend hunter) HOHENHEIM
HIPPOLYTUS (Church writer) HOHENLIMBURG
HIPPOLYTUS, THE CANONS OF HOHENLOHE
HIPPONAX HOHENSTAUFEN
HIPPOPOTAMUS HOHENSTEIN
HIPPURIC ACID HOHENZOLLERN
HIPURNIAS | 1,411.687241 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.6672410 | 7,436 | 41 |
Produced by Marius Masi, Don Kretz and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
Transcriber's notes:
(1) Numbers following letters (without space) like C2 were originally
printed in subscript. Letter subscripts are preceded by an
underscore, like C_n.
(2) Characters following a carat (^) were printed in superscript.
(3) Side-notes were relocated to function as titles of their respective
paragraphs.
(4) Macrons and breves above letters and dots below letters were not
inserted.
(5) [root] stands for the root symbol; [alpha], [beta], etc. for greek
letters.
(6) The following typographical errors have been corrected:
ARTICLE KIU-KIANG FU: "Unfortunately, however, it stands above
instead of below the outlet of the Po-yang lake, and this has
proved to be a decided drawback to its success as a commercial
port." ''commercial'' amended from ''commerical''.
ARTICLE KLONDIKE: "Gold is practically the only economic product of
the Klondike, though small amounts of tin ore occur, and lignite
coal has been mined lower down on the Yukon." ''practically''
amended from ''practially''.
ARTICLE KNARESBOROUGH: "In 1317 John de Lilleburn, who was holding
the castle of Knaresborough for Thomas duke of Lancaster against
the king, surrendered under conditions to William de Ros of Hamelak
..." ''Knaresborough'' amended from ''Knaresburgh''.
ARTICLE KNUTSFORD: "... on the Cheshire Lines and London &
North-Western railway. Pop. of urban district (1901), 5172."
''Cheshire'' amended from ''Chesire''.
ARTICLE KOREA: "Buddhism, a forceful civilizing element, reached
Hiaksai in A.D. 384, and from it the sutras and images of northern
Buddhism were carried to Japan, as well as Chinese letters and
ethics." ''Buddhism'' amended from ''Buddism''.
ARTICLE KUEN-LUN: "... have the appearance of comparatively gentle
swellings of the earth's surface rather than of well-defined
mountain ranges." ''surface'' amended from ''service''.
ARTICLE KURDISTAN: "... like another Saladin, the bey ruled in
patriarchal state, surrounded by an hereditary nobility, regarded
by his clansmen with reverence and affection, and attended by a
bodyguard of young Kurdish warriors..." ''patriarchal'' amended
from ''partriarchal''..
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE
AND GENERAL INFORMATION
ELEVENTH EDITION
VOLUME XV, SLICE VIII
Kite-Flying to Kyshtym
ARTICLES IN THIS SLICE:
KITE-FLYING KOSTER, LAURENS
KIT-FOX KOSTROMA (government of Russia)
KITTO, JOHN KOSTROMA (town of Russia)
KITTUR KOSZEG
KITZINGEN KOTAH
KIU-KIANG FU KOTAS
KIUSTENDIL KOTKA
KIVU KOTRI
KIWI KOTZEBUE, AUGUST FRIEDRICH VON
KIZILBASHES KOTZEBUE, OTTO VON
KIZIL IRMAK KOUMISS
KIZLYAR KOUMOUNDOUROS, ALEXANDROS
KIZYL-KUM KOUSSO
KJERULF, HALFDAN KOVALEVSKY, SOPHIE
KJERULF, THEODOR KOVNO (government of Russia)
KLADNO KOVNO (town of Russia)
KLAFSKY, KATHARINA KOVROV
KLAGENFURT KOWTOW
KLAJ, JOHANN KOZLOV
KLAMATH KRAAL
KLAPKA, GEORG KRAFFT, ADAM
KLAPROTH, HEINRICH JULIUS KRAGUYEVATS
KLAPROTH, MARTIN HEINRICH KRAKATOA
KLEBER, JEAN BAPTISTE KRAKEN
KLEIN, JULIUS LEOPOLD KRALYEVO
KLEIST, BERND HEINRICH VON KRANTZ, ALBERT
KLEIST, EWALD CHRISTIAN VON KRASNOVODSK
KLERKSDORP KRASNOYARSK
KLESL, MELCHIOR KRASZEWSKI, JOSEPH IGNATIUS
KLINGER, FRIEDRICH VON KRAUSE, KARL CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH
KLINGER, MAX KRAWANG
KLIPSPRINGER KRAY VON KRAJOVA, PAUL
KLONDIKE KREMENCHUG
KLOPP, ONNO KREMENETS
KLOPSTOCK, GOTTLIEB FRIEDRICH KREMS
KLOSTERNEUBURG KREMSIER
KLOTZ, REINHOLD KREUTZER, KONRADIN
KNARESBOROUGH KREUTZER, RUDOLPH
KNAVE KREUZBURG
KNEBEL, KARL LUDWIG VON KREUZNACH
KNEE KRIEGSPIEL
KNELLER, SIR GODFREY KRIEMHILD
KNICKERBOCKER, HARMEN JANSEN KRILOFF, IVAN ANDREEVICH
KNIFE KRISHNA
KNIGGE, ADOLF FRANZ FRIEDRICH KRISHNAGAR
KNIGHT, CHARLES KRISTIANSTAD
KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY KRIVOY ROG
KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON KROCHMAL, NAHMAN
KNIGHTHOOD and CHIVALRY KRONENBERG
KNIGHT-SERVICE KRONSTADT
KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN CIRCLE KROONSTAD
KNIPPERDOLLINCK, BERNT KROPOTKIN, PETER ALEXEIVICH
KNITTING KROTOSCHIN
KNOBKERRIE KRUDENER, BARBARA JULIANA
KNOLLES, RICHARD KRUG, WILHELM TRAUGOTT
KNOLLES, SIR ROBERT KRUGER, STEPHANUS JOHANNES PAULUS
KNOLLYS KRUGERSDORP
KNOT (bird) KRUMAU
KNOT (loop of rope) KRUMBACHER, CARL
KNOUT KRUMEN
KNOWLES, SIR JAMES KRUMMACHER, FRIEDRICH ADOLF
KNOWLES, JAMES SHERIDAN KRUPP, ALFRED
KNOW NOTHING PARTY KRUSENSTERN, ADAM IVAN
KNOX, HENRY KRUSHEVATS
KNOX, JOHN KSHATTRIYA
KNOX, PHILANDER CHASE KUBAN (river of Russia)
KNOXVILLE KUBAN (province of Russia)
KNUCKLE KUBELIK, JAN
KNUCKLEBONES KUBERA
KNUTSFORD KUBLAI KHAN
KOALA KUBUS
KOBDO KUCHAN
KOBELL, WOLFGANG XAVER FRANZ KUCH BEHAR
KOCH, ROBERT KUDU
KOCH (tribe) KUENEN, ABRAHAM
KOCK, CHARLES PAUL DE KUEN-LUN
KODAIKANAL KUFA
KODAMA, GENTARO KUHN, FRANZ FELIX ADALBERT
KODUNGALUR KUHNE, WILLY
KOENIG, KARL DIETRICH EBERHARD KUKA
KOESFELD KU KLUX KLAN
KOHAT KUKU KHOTO
KOHAT PASS KULJA
KOHISTAN KULM
KOHL KULMBACH
KOHLHASE, HANS KULMSEE
KOKOMO KULP
KOKO-NOR KULU
KOKSHAROV, NIKOLAI VON KUM
KOKSTAD KUMAIT IBN ZAID
KOLA KUMAON
KOLABA KUMASI
KOLAR KUMISHAH
KOLBE, ADOLPHE WILHELM HERMANN KUMQUAT
KOLBERG KUMTA
KOLCSEY, FERENCZ KUMYKS
KOLDING KUNAR
KOLGUEV KUNBIS
KOLHAPUR KUNDT, AUGUST ADOLPH EDUARD EBERHARD
KOLIN KUNDUZ
KOLIS KUNENE
KOLLIKER, RUDOLPH ALBERT VON KUNERSDORF
KOLLONTAJ, HUGO KUNGRAD
KOLOMEA KUNGUR
KOLOMNA KUNKEL VON LOWENSTJERN, JOHANN
KOLOZSVAR KUNLONG
KOLPINO KUNZITE
KOLS KUOPIO (province of Finland)
KOLYVAN KUOPIO (city of Finland)
KOMAROM KUPRILI
KOMATI KURAKIN, BORIS IVANOVICH
KOMOTAU KURBASH
KOMURA, JUTARO KURDISTAN (country)
KONARAK KURDISTAN (province of Persia)
KONG KURGAN
KONGSBERG KURIA MURIA ISLANDS
KONIA KURILES
KONIECPOLSKI, STANISLAUS KURISCHES HAFF
KONIG, KARL RUDOLPH KURNOOL
KONIGGRATZ KUROKI, ITEI
KONIGINHOF KUROPATKIN, ALEXEI NIKOLAIEVICH
KONIGSBERG KURO SIWO
KONIGSBORN KURRAM
KONIGSHUTTE KURSEONG
KONIGSLUTTER KURSK (government of Russia)
KONIGSMARK, MARIA AURORA KURSK (town of Russia)
KONIGSMARK, PHILIPP CHRISTOPH KURTZ, JOHANN HEINRICH
KONIGSSEE KURUMAN
KONIGSTEIN KURUMBAS and KURUBAS
KONIGSWINTER KURUNEGALA
KONINCK, LAURENT GUILLAUME DE KURUNTWAD
KONINCK, PHILIP DE KURZ, HERMANN
KONITZ KUSAN
KONKAN KUSHALGARH
KONTAGORA KUSHK
KOORINGA KUSTANAISK
KOPENICK KUSTENLAND
KOPISCH, AUGUST KUTAIAH
KOPP, HERMANN FRANZ MORITZ KUTAIS (government of Russia)
KOPRULU KUTAIS (town of Russia)
KORA KUT-EL-AMARA
KORAN KUTENAI
KORAT KUTTALAM
KORDOFAN KUTTENBERG
KOREA (country) KUTUSOV, MIKHAIL LARIONOVICH
KOREA (Indian tributary state) KUWET
KORESHAN ECCLESIA, THE KUZNETSK
KORIN, OGATA KVASS
KORKUS KWAKIUTL
KORMOCZBANYA KWANGCHOW BAY
KORNER, KARL THEODOR KWANG-SI
KORNEUBURG KWANG-TUNG
KOROCHA KWANZA
KORSOR KWEI-CHOW
KORTCHA KYAUKPYU
KORYAKS KYAUKSE
KOSCIUSCO KYD, THOMAS
KOSCIUSZKO, TADEUSZ BONAWENTURA KYFFHAUSER
KOSEN KYNASTON, EDWARD
KOSHER KYNETON
KOSLIN KYOSAI, SHO-FU
KOSSOVO KYRIE
KOSSUTH, FERENCZ LAJOS AKOS KYRLE, JOHN
KOSSUTH, LAJOS KYSHTYM
KITE-FLYING, the art of sending up into the air, by means of the wind,
light frames of varying shapes covered with paper or cloth (called
kites, after the bird--in German _Drache_, dragon), which are attached
to long cords or wires held in the hand or wound on a drum. When made in
the common diamond form, or triangular with a semicircular head, kites
usually have a pendulous tail appended for balancing purposes. The
tradition is that kites were invented by Archytas of Tarentum four
centuries before the Christian era, but they have been in use among
Asiatic peoples and savage tribes like the Maoris of New Zealand from
time immemorial. Kite-flying has always been a national pastime of the
Koreans, Chinese, Japanese, Tonkinese, Annamese, Malays and East
Indians. It is less popular among the peoples of Europe. The origin of
the sport, although obscure, is usually ascribed to religion. With the
Maoris it still retains a distinctly religious character, and the ascent
of the kite is accompanied by a chant called the kite-song. The Koreans
attribute its origin to a general, who, hundreds of years ago,
inspirited his troops by sending up a kite with a lantern attached,
which was mistaken by his army for a new star and a token of divine
succour. Another Korean general is said to have been the first to put
the kite to mechanical uses by employing one to span a stream with a
cord, which was then fastened to a cable and formed the nucleus of a
bridge. In Korea, Japan and China, and indeed throughout Eastern Asia,
even the tradespeople may be seen indulging in kite-flying while waiting
for customers. Chinese and Japanese kites are of many shapes, such as
birds, dragons, beasts and fishes. They vary in size, but are often as
much as 7 ft. in height or breadth, and are constructed of bamboo strips
covered with rice paper or very thin silk. In China the ninth day of the
ninth month is "Kites' Day," when men and boys of all classes betake
themselves to neighbouring eminences and fly their kites. Kite-fighting
is a feature of the pastime in Eastern Asia. The cord near the kite is
usually stiffened with a mixture of glue and crushed glass or porcelain.
The kite-flyer manoeuvres to get his kite to windward of that of his
adversary, then allows his cord to drift against his enemy's, and by a
sudden jerk to cut it through and bring its kite to grief. The Malays
possess a large variety of kites, mostly without tails. The Sultan of
Johor sent to the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893 a collection
of fifteen different kinds. Asiatic musical kites bear one or more
perforated reeds or bamboos which emit a plaintive sound that can be
heard for great distances. The ignorant, believing that these kites
frighten away evil spirits, often keep them flying all night over their
houses.
There are various metaphorical uses of the term "kite-flying," such as
in commercial slang, when "flying a kite" means raising money on credit
(cf. "raising the wind"), or in political slang for seeing "how the wind
blows." And "flying-kites," in nautical language, are the topmost sails.
Kite-flying for scientific purposes began in the middle of the 18th
century. In 1752 Benjamin Franklin made his memorable kite experiment,
by which he attracted electricity from the air and demonstrated the
electrical nature of lightning. A more systematic use of kites for
scientific purposes may, however, be said to date from the experiments
made in the last quarter of the 19th century. (E. B.)
_Meteorological Use._--Many European and American meteorological
services employ kites regularly, and obtain information not only of the
temperature, but also of the humidity and velocity of the air above. The
kites used are mostly modifications of the so-called box-kites, invented
by L. Hargrave. Roughly these kites may be said to resemble an ordinary
box with the two ends removed, and also the middle part of each of the
four sides. The original Hargrave kite, the form generally used, has a
rectangular section; in Russia a semicircular section with the curved
part facing the wind is most in favour; in England the diamond-shaped
section is preferred for meteorological purposes owing to its simplicity
of construction. Stability depends on a multitude of small details of
construction, and long practice and experience are required to make a
really good kite. The sizes most in use have from 30 to 80 sq. ft. of
sail area. There is no difficulty about raising a kite to a vertical
height of one or even two miles on suitable days, but heights exceeding
three miles are seldom reached. On the 29th of November 1905 at
Lindenberg, the Prussian Aeronautical Observatory, the upper one of a
train of six kites attained an altitude of just four miles. The total
lifting surface of these six kites was nearly 300 sq. ft., and the
length of wire a little over nine miles. The kites are invariably flown
on a steel wire line, for the hindrance to obtaining great heights is
not due so much to the weight of the line as to the wind pressure upon
it, and thus it becomes of great importance to use a material that
possesses the greatest possible strength, combined with the smallest
possible size. Steel piano wire meets this requirement, for a wire of
1/32 in. diameter will weigh about 16 lb. to the mile, and stand a
strain of some 250-280 lb. before it breaks. Some stations prefer to use
one long piece of wire of the same gauge throughout without a join,
others prefer to start with a thin wire and join on thicker and thicker
wire as more kites are added. The process of kite-flying is as follows.
The first kite is started either with the self-recording instruments
secured in it, or hanging from the wire a short distance below it. Wire
is then paid out, whether quickly or slowly depends on the strength of
the wind, but the usual rate is from two to three miles per hour. The
quantity that one kite will take depends on the kite and on the wind,
but roughly speaking it may be said that each 10 sq. ft. of lifting
surface on the kite should carry 1000 ft. of 1/32 in. wire without
difficulty. When as much wire as can be carried comfortably has run out
another kite is attached to the line, and the paying out is continued;
after a time a third is added, and so on. Each kite increases the strain
upon the wire, and moreover adds to the height and makes it more
uncertain what kind of wind the upper kites will encounter; it also adds
to the time that is necessary to haul in the kites. In each way the risk
of their breaking away is increased, for the wind is very uncertain and
is liable to alter in strength. Since to attain an exceptional height
the wire must be strained nearly to its breaking point, and under such
conditions a small increase in the strength of the wind will break the
wire, it follows that great heights can only be attained by those who
are willing to risk the trouble and expense of frequently having their
wire and train of kites break away. The weather is the essential factor
in kite-flying. In the S.E. of England in winter it is possible on about
two days out of three, and in summer on about one day out of three. The
usual cause of failure is want of wind, but there are a few days when
the wind is too strong. (For meteorological results, &c., see
METEOROLOGY.) (W. H. Di.)
_Military Use._--A kite forms so extremely simple a method of lifting
anything to a height in the air that it has naturally been suggested as
being suitable for various military purposes, such as signalling to a
long distance, carrying up flags, or lamps, or semaphores. Kites have
been used both in the army and in the navy for floating torpedoes on
hostile positions. As much as two miles of line have been paid out. For
purposes of photography a small kite carrying a camera to a considerable
height may be caused to float over a fort or other place of which a
bird's-eye view is required, the shutter being operated by electric
wire, or slow match, or clockwork. Many successful photographs have been
thus obtained in England and America.
The problem of lifting a man by means of kites instead of by a captive
balloon is a still more important one. The chief military advantages to
be gained are: (1) less transport is required; (2) they can be used in a
strong wind; (3) they are not so liable to damage, either from the
enemy's fire or from trees, &c., and are easier to mend; (4) they can be
brought into use more quickly; (5) they are very much cheaper, both in
construction and in maintenance, not requiring any costly gas.
Captain B. F. S. Baden-Powell, of the Scots Guards, in June 1894
constructed, at Pirbright Camp, a huge kite 36 ft. high, with which he
successfully lifted a man on different occasions. He afterwards improved
the contrivance, using five or six smaller kites attached together in
preference to one large one. With this arrangement he frequently
ascended as high as 100 ft. The kites were hexagonal, being 12 ft. high
and 12 ft. across. The apparatus, which could be packed in a few minutes
into a simple roll, weighed in all about 1 cwt. This appliance was
proved to be capable of raising a man even during a dead calm, the
retaining line being fixed to a wagon and towed along. Lieut. H. D. Wise
made some trials in America in 1897 with some large kites of the
Hargrave pattern (Hargrave having previously himself ascended in
Australia), and succeeded in lifting a man 40 ft. above the ground. In
the Russian army a military kite apparatus has also been tried, and was
in evidence at the manoeuvres in 1898. Experiments have also been
carried out by most of the European powers. (B. F. S. B.-P.)
KIT-FOX (_Canis [Vulpes] velox_), a small fox, from north-western
America, measuring less than a yard in length, with a tail of nearly a
third this length. There is a good deal of variation in the colour of
the fur, the prevailing tint being grey. A specimen in the Zoological
Gardens of London had the back and tail dark grey, the tail tipped with
black, and a rufous wash on the cheeks, shoulders, flanks and outer
surface of the limbs, with the under surface white. The specific name
was given on account of the extraordinary swiftness of the animal. (See
CARNIVORA.)
KITTO, JOHN (1804-1854), English biblical scholar, was the son of a
mason at Plymouth, where he was born on the 4th of December 1804. An
accident brought on deafness, and in November 1819 he was sent to the
workhouse, where he was employed in making list shoes. In 1823 a fund
was raised on his behalf, and he was sent to board with the clerk of the
guardians, having his time at his own disposal, and the privilege of
making use of a public library. After preparing a small volume of
miscellanies, which was published by subscription, he studied dentistry
with Anthony Norris Groves in Exeter. In 1825 he obtained congenial
employment in the printing office of the Church Missionary Society at
Islington, and in 1827 was transferred to the same society's
establishment at Malta. There he remained for eighteen months, but
shortly after his return to England he accompanied Groves and other
friends on a private missionary enterprise to Bagdad, where he obtained
personal knowledge of Oriental life and habits which he afterwards
applied with tact and skill in the illustration of biblical scenes and
incidents. Plague broke out, the missionary establishment was broken up,
and in 1832 Kitto returned to England. On arriving in London he was
engaged in the preparation of various serial publications of the Society
for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, the most important of which were
the _Pictorial History of Palestine_ and the _Pictorial Bible_. The
_Cyclopaedia of Biblical Literature_, edited under his superintendence,
appeared in two volumes in 1843-1845 and passed through three editions.
His _Daily Bible Illustrations_ (8 vols. 1849-1853) received an
appreciation which is not yet extinct. In 1850 he received an annuity of
L100 from the civil list. In August 1854 he went to Germany for the
waters of Cannstatt on the Neckar, where on the 25th of November he
died.
See Kitto's own work, _The Lost Senses_ (1845); J. E. Ryland's
_Memoirs of Kitto_ (1856); and John Eadie's _Life of Kitto_ (1857).
KITTUR, a village of British India, in the Belgaum district of Bombay;
pop. (1901), 4922. It contains a ruined fort, formerly the residence of
a Mahratta chief. In connexion with a disputed succession to this
chiefship in 1824, St John Thackeray, an uncle of the novelist, was
killed when approaching the fort under a flag of truce; and a nephew of
Sir Thomas Munro, governor of Madras, fell subsequently when the fort
was stormed.
KITZINGEN, a town of Germany, in the kingdom of Bavaria on the Main, 95
m. S.E. of Frankfort-on-Main by rail, at the junction of the main-lines
to Passau, Wurzburg and Schweinfurt. Pop. (1900), 8489. A bridge, 300
yards long, connects it with its suburb Etwashausen on the left bank of
the river. A railway bridge also spans the Main at this point. Kitzingen
is still surrounded by its old walls and towers, and has an Evangelical
and two Roman Catholic churches, two municipal museums, a town-hall, a
grammar school, a richly endowed hospital and two old convents. Its
chief industries are brewing, cask-making and the manufacture of cement
and colours. Considerable trade in wine, fruit, grain and timber is
carried on by boats on the Main. Kitzingen possessed a Benedictine abbey
in the 8th century, and later belonged to the bishopric of Wurzburg.
See F. Bernbeck, _Kitzinger Chronik 745-1565_ (Kitzingen, 1899).
KIU-KIANG FU, a prefecture and prefectural city in the province of
Kiang-si, China. The city, which is situated on the south bank of the
Yangtsze-kiang, 15 m. above the point where the Kan Kiang flows into
that river from the Po-yang lake, stands in 29 deg. 42' N. and 116 deg.
8' E. The north face of the city is separated from the river by only the
width of a roadway, and two large lakes lie on its west and south
fronts. The walls are from 5 to 6 m. in circumference, and are more than
usually strong and broad. As is generally the case with old cities in
China, Kiu-Kiang has repeatedly changed its name. Under the Tsin dynasty
(A.D. 265-420), it was known as Sin-Yang, under the Liang dynasty
(502-557) as Kiang Chow, under the Suy dynasty (589-618) as Kiu-Kiang,
under the Sung dynasty (960-1127) as Ting-Kiang, and under the Ming
dynasty (1368-1644) it assumed the name it at present bears. Kiu-Kiang
has played its part in the history of the empire, and has been
repeatedly besieged and sometimes taken, the last time being in February
1853, when the T'ai-p'ing rebels gained possession of the city. After
their manner they looted and utterly destroyed it, leaving only the
remains of a single street to represent the once flourishing town. The
position of Kiu-Kiang on the Yangtsze-kiang and its proximity to the
channels of internal communication through the Po-yang lake, more
especially to those leading to the green-tea-producing districts of the
provinces of Kiang-si and Ngan-hui, induced Lord Elgin to choose it as
one of the treaty ports to be opened under the terms of his treaty
(1861). Unfortunately, however, it stands above instead of below the
outlet of the Po-yang lake, and this has proved to be a decided drawback
to its success as a commercial port. The immediate effect of opening the
town to foreign trade was to raise the population in one year from
10,000 to 40,000. The population in 1908, exclusive of foreigners, was
officially estimated at 36,000. The foreign settlement extends westward
from the city, along the bank of the Yangtsze-kiang, and is bounded on
its extreme west by the P'un river, which there runs into the Yangtsze.
The bund, which is 500 yards long, was erected by the foreign community.
The climate is good, and though hot in the summer months is invariably
cold and bracing in the winter. According to the customs returns the
value of the trade of the port amounted in 1902 to L2,854,704, and in
1904 to L3,489,816, of which L1,726,506 were imports and L1,763,310
exports. In 1904 322,266 lb. of opium were imported.
KIUSTENDIL, the chief town of a department in Bulgaria, situated in a
mountainous country, on a small affluent of the Struma, 43 m. S.W. of
Sofia by rail. Pop. (1906), 12,353. The streets are narrow and uneven,
and the majority of the houses are of clay or wood. The town is chiefly
notable for its hot mineral springs, in connexion with which there are
nine bathing establishments. Small quantities of gold and silver are
obtained from mines near Kiustendil, and vines, tobacco and fruit are
largely cultivated. Some remains survive of the Roman period, when the
town was known as Pautalia, Ulpia Pautalia, and Pautalia Aurelii. In the
10th century it became the seat of a bishopric, being then and during
the later middle ages known by the Slavonic name of Velbuzhd. After the
overthrow of the Servian kingdom it came into the possession of
Constantine, brother of the despot Yovan Dragash, who ruled over
northern Macedonia. Constantine was expelled and killed by the Turks in
1394. In the 15th century Kiustendil was known as Velbushka Banya, and
more commonly as Konstantinova Banya (Constantine's Bath), from which
has developed the Turkish name Kiustendil.
KIVU, a considerable lake | 1,411.687281 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.6689200 | 351 | 7 |
Produced by Chuck Greif and The Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
BY-GONE TOURIST DAYS
By-gone Tourist Days
Letters of Travel
By LAURA G. COLLINS
Author of “Immortelles and Asphodels”
ILLUSTRATED
“I consider letters the most vital part of literature”
--_Elizabeth Barrett Browning_
CINCINNATI THE ROBERT CLARKE COMPANY 1900
Copyright, 1899,
By The Robert Clarke Company.
INSCRIPTION.
_Respectfully inscribed to the dear friends
to whom the letters were written,
and by them preserved._
CONTENTS.
LONDON LETTER--April 7, 1882,.....1
Trip on the Atlantic--The Steamer Adriatic--Storm
on the Ocean--Chester--English Cathedrals--To
Liverpool--Chatsworth--Stratford--The 318th Anniversary of
Shakespeare--Oxford--Magdalen College--“Addison’s Walk”--New
College--Sir Joshua Reynolds-Window--At Warwick--Bodlean
Library--Ashmolean Museum--Spofford Brooks and Canon Liddon.
LONDON LETTER--June 11, 1882,.....16
Seeing London--Advantage of being in a great city--The boarding-house,
just for Americans--Windsor Palace--Gray’s grave--Moncure Conway--Canon
Farrar--Bostonians--American Cousins--From | 1,411.68896 |
2023-11-16 18:40:35.7279160 | 342 | 7 | A COUNTRY FAIR***
E-text prepared by Juliet Sutherland, Matthew Wheaton, and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net)
Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
file which includes the original illustrations.
See 37647-h.htm or 37647-h.zip:
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/37647/37647-h/37647-h.htm)
or
(http://www.gutenberg.org/files/37647/37647-h.zip)
[Illustration: In an instant Sam was off at full speed, crying, "Stop
thief!" at the full strength of his lungs.]
THE ADVENTURES OF A COUNTRY BOY AT A COUNTRY FAIR
by
James Otis
Author of Toby Tyler Etc.
Illustrated
Boston
Charles E. Brown & Co.
Copyright, 1893,
By Charles E. Brown & Co.
S. J. Parkhill & Co., Printers
Boston
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER.
I.--A Young Fakir
II.--An Old Fakir
III.--A Friend
IV.--Uncle Nathan
V.--The Fair
VI.--A Clue
VII.--The Clerk
VIII.--The Jewelry Fakir
IX.--A Brave Rescue
X.--An Encounter
XI.--Long Jim
XII.--A Discovery
XIII.--Amateur Detectives
XIV.--The Rendezvous
XV.--Sam's Adventures
XVI.--Missing
XVII.--A Terrible Night
XV | 1,411.747956 |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.