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What von Neumann work preceded the axiomatiztion of quatum mechanics? | Von Neumann was the first to establish a rigorous mathematical framework for quantum mechanics, known as the Dirac–von Neumann axioms, with his 1932 work Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. | 1 | 7,100 | not entailment |
What happened to ports on Cyprus after capture of its northern territory by Turkish troops? | Around 150,000 settlers from Turkey are believed to be living in the north—many of whom were forced from Turkey by the Turkish government—in violation of the Geneva Convention and various UN resolutions. | 1 | 7,101 | not entailment |
About how many people in Somalia speak Somali? | The Somali language is spoken by ethnic Somalis in Greater Somalia and the Somali diaspora. | 1 | 7,102 | not entailment |
What did the Cardinal Augustin Bea's Secretariat promote? | Paul VI was a good friend of the Anglican Church, which he described as "our beloved sister Church". | 1 | 7,103 | not entailment |
What republican majority leader died in a plane crash? | The only exceptions during this period were Charles A. Halleck who became Republican House leader and Minority Leader from 1959 to 1965, Hale Boggs who died in a plane crash, and Dick Gephardt who became the Democrats' House leader but as Minority Leader since his party lost control in the 1994 midterm elections. | 0 | 7,104 | entailment |
How did the samurai treat concubines? | In many cases, taking a concubine was akin to a marriage. | 0 | 7,105 | entailment |
People favoring those in their group over outsiders, is an example of what? | Many people gain a sense of positive self-esteem from their identity groups, which furthers a sense of community and belonging. | 1 | 7,106 | not entailment |
Who was hired as manager in 1984? | However, Maradona's time with Barcelona was short-lived and he soon left for Napoli. | 1 | 7,107 | not entailment |
What did Muslim mathematicians add to Arabic numerals? | In mathematics, the Persian mathematician Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi gave his name to the concept of the algorithm, while the term algebra is derived from al-jabr, the beginning of the title of one of his publications. | 1 | 7,108 | not entailment |
What are electrical fields projected on to? | Polarization is the sum of the E-plane orientations over time projected onto an imaginary plane perpendicular to the direction of motion of the radio wave. | 0 | 7,109 | entailment |
About how many people live in a square kilometer in Gonggabu VDC? | The urban area of the Kathmandu valley is split among three different districts (collections of local government units within a zone) which extend very little beyond the valley fringe, except towards the southern ranges, which have comparatively small population. | 1 | 7,110 | not entailment |
The Spanish Armada suffered a defeat in what year? | The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions. | 1 | 7,111 | not entailment |
Who was the first team to win using the golden goal to their advantage? | The first World Cup game decided by a golden goal was France's victory over Paraguay in 1998. | 0 | 7,112 | entailment |
Who wrote the novel Stover at Yale? | For example, Owen Johnson's novel, Stover at Yale, follows the college career of Dink Stover and Frank Merriwell, the model for all later juvenile sports fiction, plays football, baseball, crew, and track at Yale while solving mysteries and righting wrongs. | 0 | 7,113 | entailment |
What bacteria do in fruiting bodies? | For example, about one in 10 cells migrate to the top of these fruiting bodies and differentiate into a specialised dormant state called myxospores, which are more resistant to drying and other adverse environmental conditions than are ordinary cells. | 1 | 7,114 | not entailment |
What is the earliest recorded instance of circadian rhythm? | The earliest recorded account of a circadian process dates from the 4th century B.C.E., when Androsthenes, a ship captain serving under Alexander the Great, described diurnal leaf movements of the tamarind tree. | 0 | 7,115 | entailment |
Ultimately what forced the senate to abandon Rome and flee to Greece? | The ultimatum was rejected, and the senate then passed a resolution which declared that if Caesar did not lay down his arms by July of that year, he would be considered an enemy of the Republic. | 1 | 7,116 | not entailment |
What model implies a second-order positive feedback? | Hyperbolic model implies a second-order positive feedback. | 0 | 7,117 | entailment |
A college teaches students for how many years in Canada? | Universities may be sub-classified (as in the Macleans rankings) into large research universities with many PhD granting programs and medical schools (for example, McGill University); "comprehensive" universities that have some PhDs but aren't geared toward research (such as Waterloo); and smaller, primarily undergraduate universities (such as St. Francis Xavier). | 1 | 7,118 | not entailment |
Who is responsible for designing large parts of New Delhi? | Lutyens designed the central administrative area of the city as a testament to Britain's imperial aspirations. | 1 | 7,119 | not entailment |
What is a positive connotation of the label "51st state"? | The phrase "51st state" can be used in a positive sense, meaning that a region or territory is so aligned, supportive, and conducive with the United States, that it is like a U.S. state. | 0 | 7,120 | entailment |
Between which two lines of latitude is the Congo located? | To the south and east of it is the Democratic Republic of Congo. | 1 | 7,121 | not entailment |
How should consumers of the research approach these findings? | Because of the limited populations that each component captures, consumers of research should be cautious in generalizing these findings. | 0 | 7,122 | entailment |
Of what did Lord Altrincham say Elizabeth's speeches resembled? | Lord Altrincham's accusation in 1957 that her speeches sounded like those of a "priggish schoolgirl" was an extremely rare criticism. | 0 | 7,123 | entailment |
What's the impressive budget of the SeaCity Museum? | The museum received half a million pounds from the National Lottery in addition to interest from numerous private investors and is budgeted at £28 million. | 0 | 7,124 | entailment |
What year's were Cezannes painting's displayed at Salon d'Automne? Not including the retrospectives. | A retrospective of Cézanne's paintings had been held at the Salon d'Automne of 1904, current works were displayed at the 1905 and 1906 Salon d'Automne, followed by two commemorative retrospectives after his death in 1907. | 0 | 7,125 | entailment |
What is the nation's 13th-oldest university? | Public institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. | 0 | 7,126 | entailment |
Who were the candidates in the vice presidential debate at Washington University? | The university hosted the only 2008 vice presidential debate, between Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden, on October 2, 2008, also at the Washington University Athletic Complex. | 0 | 7,127 | entailment |
What Indian thinkers were early idealists? | The Hindu idealists in India and the Greek Neoplatonists gave panentheistic arguments for an all-pervading consciousness as the ground or true nature of reality. | 0 | 7,128 | entailment |
What are three digestions phases? | Different phases of digestion take place including: the cephalic phase , gastric phase, and intestinal phase. | 0 | 7,129 | entailment |
What is the stablest uranium compound? | Triuranium octoxide is (depending on conditions) the most stable compound of uranium and is the form most commonly found in nature. | 0 | 7,130 | entailment |
The Queens-Midtown Tunnel was finished in what year? | The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel when it opened in 1927. | 1 | 7,131 | not entailment |
Who did Americo-Liberians not identify with? | These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. | 1 | 7,132 | not entailment |
In what year was the Sciences Academy of Lisbon founded? | Among the largest non-state-run research institutions in Portugal are the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência and the Champalimaud Foundation, a neuroscience and oncology research centre, which in addition awards every year one of the highest monetary prizes of any science prize in the world. | 1 | 7,133 | not entailment |
What part of the organ is not connected or playable? | In 1982 and 1987, Harrison and Harrison enlarged the organ under the direction of the then abbey organist Simon Preston to include an additional Lower Choir Organ and a Bombarde Organ: the current instrument now has five manuals and 109 speaking stops. | 1 | 7,134 | not entailment |
What was Cyprus' total population when it gained independence? | Cyprus had a total population of 573,566; of whom 442,138 (77.1%) were Greeks, 104,320 (18.2%) Turks, and 27,108 (4.7%) | 0 | 7,135 | entailment |
Prior to his schooling, what was the state of Hayek's reading skills? | In school Hayek was much taken by one instructor's lectures on Aristotle's ethics. | 1 | 7,136 | not entailment |
What was similar between the three most important 5th century mosaics? | Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. | 1 | 7,137 | not entailment |
What Elevator Safety Code change required a second dished bulkhead? | Single bulkhead cylinders, typically built prior to a 1972 ASME A17.1 Elevator Safety Code change requiring a second dished bulkhead, were subject to possible catastrophic failure. | 0 | 7,138 | entailment |
In what foreign country did Dell open plants in 1995? | In 2007 the Chennai facility had the target of producing 400,000 desktop PCs, and plans envisaged it starting to produce notebook PCs and other products in the second half of 2007.[citation needed] | 1 | 7,139 | not entailment |
Who was not concerned about the idea of Chinese troops moving south into Korea? | On 15 October 1950, President Truman and General MacArthur met at Wake Island in the mid-Pacific Ocean. | 0 | 7,140 | entailment |
What genre of music was soft rock descended from? | From the end of the 1960s, it became common to divide mainstream rock music into soft and hard rock, with both emerging as major radio formats in the US. | 1 | 7,141 | not entailment |
What was the first day that the new parliament met? | The leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Volodymyr Ivashko, was elected with 60 percent of the vote as more than 100 opposition deputies boycotted the election. | 1 | 7,142 | not entailment |
Interplay between pathogens and defenses of hosts results in what? | Infectious disease results from the interplay between those few pathogens and the defenses of the hosts they infect. | 0 | 7,143 | entailment |
How long did Digimon stay off the air before returning? | After a three-year hiatus, a fifth Digimon series began airing on April 2, 2006. | 0 | 7,144 | entailment |
What event produced further adaptations during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods? | The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. | 0 | 7,145 | entailment |
Who was voted to get their cathedral back in 1990? | The leader of the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU), Volodymyr Ivashko, was elected with 60 percent of the vote as more than 100 opposition deputies boycotted the election. | 1 | 7,146 | not entailment |
Where did Frederick William IV relocate the mural he purchased? | When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. | 1 | 7,147 | not entailment |
How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 95? | Microsoft's advertising budget of US$1.5–1.8 billion was significantly larger than the US$200 million campaign used to promote Windows 95. | 0 | 7,148 | entailment |
What institution was being criticized during the time of Charles and Diana's breakup? | In the years to follow, public revelations on the state of Charles and Diana's marriage continued. | 1 | 7,149 | not entailment |
What book was 'Munich' based on? | The film is based on Vengeance, a book by Canadian journalist George Jonas. | 0 | 7,150 | entailment |
The Nazi Hunger Plan and Generalplan Ost resulted in the death and imprisonment of how many people? | These partially fulfilled plans resulted in the deaths of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war. | 0 | 7,151 | entailment |
What type of postal service does Guam currently have today? | Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. | 1 | 7,152 | not entailment |
Who specifically leveled the allegations against The Sun? | The attacks came from the Prime Minister's press spokesman Alastair Campbell and the Home Secretary David Blunkett (later a Sun columnist). | 0 | 7,153 | entailment |
In 2007, what kind of contest was Jennifer Strange participating in upon her death? | More usually, the condition occurs in long-distance endurance events (such as marathon or triathlon competition and training) and causes gradual mental dulling, headache, drowsiness, weakness, and confusion; extreme cases may result in coma, convulsions, and death. | 1 | 7,154 | not entailment |
What month are most NFL preseason games in? | Every NFL team plays exactly four pre-season exhibition games a year, two at home and two away, with the exception of two teams each year who play a fifth game, the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game. | 1 | 7,155 | not entailment |
What professions has the highest rate of Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction? | Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is common in professional athletes. | 1 | 7,156 | not entailment |
What characteristic was Pliny the Elder the first to recognize about amber? | Pliny the Elder produced what is one of the largest encyclopedias of the natural world in 77 AD, and must be regarded as the rightful successor to Theophrastus. | 1 | 7,157 | not entailment |
When did the PAIGC acknowledge the executions? | In 1980 the PAIGC acknowledged in its newspaper Nó Pintcha (dated 29 November 1980) that many Gueinean soldiers had been executed and buried in unmarked collective graves in the woods of Cumerá, Portogole, and Mansabá. | 0 | 7,158 | entailment |
What is the overall climate description for Namibia? | Namibia extends from 17°S to 25°S: climatically the range of the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, arid is the overall climate description descending from the Sub-Humid (mean rain above 500 mm) through Semi-Arid between 300 and 500 mm (embracing most of the waterless Kalahari) and Arid from 150 to 300 mm (these three regions are inland from the western escarpment) to the Hyper-Arid coastal plain with less than a 100 mm mean. | 0 | 7,159 | entailment |
When was the second satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched? | The last operational satellite of the constellation, BeiDou-1C, was launched on May 25, 2003. | 1 | 7,160 | not entailment |
DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to what populations? | DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations. | 0 | 7,161 | entailment |
Rational emotive behavior therapy is an approach used by what psychotherapy schools? | Cognitively oriented schools approach them via their cognitive components, such as rational emotive behavior therapy. | 0 | 7,162 | entailment |
Why did the world community notice the need for help? | On May 14, UNICEF reported that China formally requested the support of the international community to respond to the needs of affected families. | 1 | 7,163 | not entailment |
In what historical period did the different types of Germanic languages stop being collectively understood? | They remained mutually intelligible throughout the Migration Period. | 0 | 7,164 | entailment |
There is false belief that the current uniforms were first worn for what event? | Members of the teaching staff (known as Beaks) are required to wear a form of school dress when teaching. | 1 | 7,165 | not entailment |
People who study the anatomy of the central nervous system are known as what? | Neuroanatomists usually divide the vertebrate brain into six main regions: the telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres), diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus), mesencephalon (midbrain), cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata. | 0 | 7,166 | entailment |
What type of climate does Nanjing enjoy? | Nanjing has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) and is under the influence of the East Asian monsoon. | 0 | 7,167 | entailment |
What s the Scientific Revolution? | The Scientific Revolution was a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected and led to doctrines supplanting those that had prevailed from Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages which would lead to a transition to modern science. | 0 | 7,168 | entailment |
What year did Southampton's Franciscan friary shut down? | From successive incarnations of the motte and bailey castle, only a section of the bailey wall remains today, lying just off Castle Way. | 1 | 7,169 | not entailment |
What is one dimension that communication is typically described along? | Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. | 0 | 7,170 | entailment |
Along with the National Museum of Nepal, what notable Nepalese museum is present in Kathmandu? | This amalgamation is also reflected in the planning and exhibitions in museums and art galleries throughout Kathmandu and its sister cities of Patan and Bhaktapur. | 1 | 7,171 | not entailment |
Who did the Siddi descend from? | The Siddi are an ethnic group inhabiting India and Pakistan whose members are descended from Bantu peoples from Southeast Africa that were brought to the Indian subcontinent as slaves by Arab and Portuguese merchants. | 0 | 7,172 | entailment |
What did producers of cotton have to re-establish after the market declined? | With the passage of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the program joined forces and began battling synthetic competitors and re-establishing markets for cotton. | 0 | 7,173 | entailment |
What did Augustine say that the knowledge of time depended on? | He goes on to comment on the difficulty of thinking about time, pointing out the inaccuracy of common speech: "For but few things are there of which we speak properly; of most things we speak improperly, still the things intended are understood." | 1 | 7,174 | not entailment |
By which year, did New York City become the largest city in the United States? | By 1790, New York had surpassed Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States. | 0 | 7,175 | entailment |
What is the citys PBS station? | Most of the area's television stations have their transmitters in nearby Needham and Newton along the Route 128 corridor. | 1 | 7,176 | not entailment |
Where was the Finnic Chud Tripe located curing this time period? | In the south, in the area around Kiev, were the Poliane, a group of Slavicized tribes with Iranian origins, the Drevliane to the west of the Dnieper, and the Severiane to the east. | 1 | 7,177 | not entailment |
What is the primary consideration for determining if projects may be carried out in areas with endangered species? | If harm cannot be avoided, the project agency can seek an exemption from the Endangered Species Committee, an ad hoc panel composed of members from the executive branch and at least one appointee from the state where the project is to occur. | 1 | 7,178 | not entailment |
What feature begins on the centre spread of The Times? | The business pages begin on the centre spread, and are followed by The Register, containing obituaries, Court & Social section, and related material. | 0 | 7,179 | entailment |
What language was used in official communications by the government of Libya? | The consumption of alcohol was banned, night clubs and Christian churches were shut down, traditional Libyan dress was encouraged, while Arabic was decreed as the only language permitted in official communications and on road signs. | 0 | 7,180 | entailment |
According to Popper, a theory is scientific only is it is susceptible to what? | He considered that if a theory cannot, in principle, be falsified by criticism, it is not a scientific theory. | 1 | 7,181 | not entailment |
How far down the road did Liszt live from Frédéric during this time? | Chaussée-d'Antin, and Liszt at the Hôtel de France on the Rue Lafitte, a few blocks away. | 0 | 7,182 | entailment |
With what kind of parts were consumers able to upgrade their Dell systems with? | While motherboard power connections reverted to the industry standard in 2003, Dell continues to remain secretive about their motherboard pin-outs for peripherals (such as MMC readers and power on/off switches and LEDs). | 1 | 7,183 | not entailment |
By 2000-01, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland? | By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English. | 1 | 7,184 | not entailment |
What is the second largest library in the US? | The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. | 1 | 7,185 | not entailment |
Of what ethnicity was Alcuin? | By the reign of Charlemagne, the language had so diverged from the classical that it was later called Medieval Latin. | 1 | 7,186 | not entailment |
When did Turkey start using the Gregorian calendar for all purposes? | On 1 January 1926 the use of the Gregorian calendar was extended to include use for general purposes and the number of the year became the same as in other countries. | 0 | 7,187 | entailment |
Ibrahim Pasha landed with his army when? | Ibrahim landed in the Peloponnese in February 1825 and had immediate success: by the end of 1825, most of the Peloponnese was under Egyptian control, and the city of Missolonghi—put under siege by the Turks since April 1825—fell in April 1826. | 0 | 7,188 | entailment |
When did Napoleon marry Marie Louise? | On 1 April 1810, Napoleon religiously married the Austrian princess Marie Louise. | 0 | 7,189 | entailment |
What happened to Swazi exports of textiles from 2000 to 2005? | Textile exports grew by over 200% between 2000 and 2005 and sugar exports increasing by more than 50% over the same period. | 0 | 7,190 | entailment |
What party was the leader in the Indian independence movement of the 20th century? | During the first half of the 20th century, a nationwide struggle for independence was launched with the leading party involved being the Indian National Congress which was later joined by other organizations. | 0 | 7,191 | entailment |
When was the Third Great Awakening? | It gathered strength from the postmillennial belief that the Second Coming of Christ would occur after mankind had reformed the entire earth. | 1 | 7,192 | not entailment |
Who wrote in 1818 about the popularity of Chopin? | Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, in his dramatic eclogue, "Nasze Przebiegi" ("Our Discourses", 1818), attested to "little Chopin's" popularity. | 0 | 7,193 | entailment |
What kind of hardware support does Dell provide? | In addition, the company provides protection services, advisory services, multivendor hardware support, "how-to" support for software applications, collaborative support with many third-party vendors, and online parts and labor dispatching for customers who diagnose and troubleshoot their hardware. | 0 | 7,194 | entailment |
What is the point of conflict between Sunni and Shia? | The major point of conflict between the Sunni and the Shia is in the interpretation of the word 'Mawla'. | 0 | 7,195 | entailment |
Does cold or warm air facilitate the transport of water vapor? | Areas of the Arctic, such as Banks Island, and the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica are considered polar deserts where glaciers cannot form because they receive little snowfall despite the bitter cold. | 1 | 7,196 | not entailment |
Define "lectio difficilior" | The second, lectio difficilior potior (the harder reading is stronger), recognizes the tendency for harmonization—resolving apparent inconsistencies in the text. | 1 | 7,197 | not entailment |
In what other type of schools is Sanskrit also taught? | Sanskrit is also taught in traditional gurukulas throughout India. | 0 | 7,198 | entailment |
What can we judge in wood just by looking at it? | It is not only the proportion of latewood, but also its quality, that counts. | 1 | 7,199 | not entailment |
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