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# RPN
> [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.01497)
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## Abstract
State-of-the-art object detection networks depend on region proposal algorithms to hypothesize object locations. Advances like SPPnet and Fast R-CNN have reduced the running time of these detection networks, exposing region proposal computation as a bottleneck. In this work, we introduce a Region Proposal Network (RPN) that shares full-image convolutional features with the detection network, thus enabling nearly cost-free region proposals. An RPN is a fully convolutional network that simultaneously predicts object bounds and objectness scores at each position. The RPN is trained end-to-end to generate high-quality region proposals, which are used by Fast R-CNN for detection. We further merge RPN and Fast R-CNN into a single network by sharing their convolutional features---using the recently popular terminology of neural networks with 'attention' mechanisms, the RPN component tells the unified network where to look. For the very deep VGG-16 model, our detection system has a frame rate of 5fps (including all steps) on a GPU, while achieving state-of-the-art object detection accuracy on PASCAL VOC 2007, 2012, and MS COCO datasets with only 300 proposals per image. In ILSVRC and COCO 2015 competitions, Faster R-CNN and RPN are the foundations of the 1st-place winning entries in several tracks.
<div align=center>
<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/40661020/143973617-387c7561-82f4-40b2-b78e-4776394b1b8b.png" height="300"/>
</div>
## Results and Models
| Backbone | Style | Lr schd | Mem (GB) | Inf time (fps) | AR1000 | Config | Download |
| :-------------: | :-----: | :-----: | :------: | :------------: | :----: | :---------------------------------------: | :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: |
| R-50-FPN | caffe | 1x | 3.5 | 22.6 | 58.7 | [config](./rpn_r50-caffe_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_caffe_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r50_caffe_fpn_1x_coco_20200531-5b903a37.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_caffe_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r50_caffe_fpn_1x_coco_20200531_012334.log.json) |
| R-50-FPN | pytorch | 1x | 3.8 | 22.3 | 58.2 | [config](./rpn_r50_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r50_fpn_1x_coco_20200218-5525fa2e.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r50_fpn_1x_coco_20200218_151240.log.json) |
| R-50-FPN | pytorch | 2x | - | - | 58.6 | [config](./rpn_r50_fpn_2x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_r50_fpn_2x_coco_20200131-0728c9b3.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r50_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_r50_fpn_2x_coco_20200131_190631.log.json) |
| R-101-FPN | caffe | 1x | 5.4 | 17.3 | 60.0 | [config](./rpn_r101-caffe_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_caffe_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r101_caffe_fpn_1x_coco_20200531-0629a2e2.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_caffe_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r101_caffe_fpn_1x_coco_20200531_012345.log.json) |
| R-101-FPN | pytorch | 1x | 5.8 | 16.5 | 59.7 | [config](./rpn_r101_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r101_fpn_1x_coco_20200131-2ace2249.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_r101_fpn_1x_coco_20200131_191000.log.json) |
| R-101-FPN | pytorch | 2x | - | - | 60.2 | [config](./rpn_r101_fpn_2x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_r101_fpn_2x_coco_20200131-24e3db1a.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_r101_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_r101_fpn_2x_coco_20200131_191106.log.json) |
| X-101-32x4d-FPN | pytorch | 1x | 7.0 | 13.0 | 60.6 | [config](./rpn_x101-32x4d_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_1x_coco_20200219-b02646c6.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_1x_coco_20200219_012037.log.json) |
| X-101-32x4d-FPN | pytorch | 2x | - | - | 61.1 | [config](./rpn_x101-32x4d_fpn_2x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_2x_coco_20200208-d22bd0bb.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_x101_32x4d_fpn_2x_coco_20200208_200752.log.json) |
| X-101-64x4d-FPN | pytorch | 1x | 10.1 | 9.1 | 61.0 | [config](./rpn_x101-64x4d_fpn_1x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_1x_coco_20200208-cde6f7dd.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_1x_coco/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_1x_coco_20200208_200752.log.json) |
| X-101-64x4d-FPN | pytorch | 2x | - | - | 61.5 | [config](./rpn_x101-64x4d_fpn_2x_coco.py) | [model](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_2x_coco_20200208-c65f524f.pth) \| [log](https://download.openmmlab.com/mmdetection/v2.0/rpn/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_2x_coco/rpn_x101_64x4d_fpn_2x_coco_20200208_200752.log.json) |
## Citation
```latex
@inproceedings{ren2015faster,
title={Faster r-cnn: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks},
author={Ren, Shaoqing and He, Kaiming and Girshick, Ross and Sun, Jian},
booktitle={Advances in neural information processing systems},
year={2015}
}
```
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