id
int64 6
15.2k
| premise
stringlengths 37
1.45k
| hypothesis
stringlengths 0
635
| label
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|
9,632 | Information pollution refers to the phenomenon that the elements of harmful, deceptive or misleading information are mixed in the process of information dissemination, thus affecting the normal acquisition and utilization of effective information. | When Chen forwarded the news report of a provincial forest fire on Weibo, he inserted the scene picture of the Amazon rainforest fire five years ago as a matching picture is an example of information pollution. | entailment |
14,726 | Critic: An art historian argues that because fifteenth- century European paintings were generally more planimetric (that is, two-dimensional with no attempt at suggesting depth) than were sixteenth-century paintings, fifteenth-century painters had a greater mastery of painting than did sixteenth-century painters. However, this conclusion is wrong. Fifteenth-century European painters did not have a greater mastery of painting, for the degree to which a painting is planimetric is irrelevant to the painter' s mastery. | The argument is flawed in that it rejects a position on the grounds that an inadequate argument has been made for it. | entailment |
1,248 | The researchers found that the stem structure and growth pattern of ancient branch ferns were significantly different from those of living trees. In common living trees, the tissue vascular bundles that play the role of support and transportation are often a single whole. Through continuous secondary growth, it thickens the stems of trees and produces rings. In Devonian branch ferns, there are at least dozens of independent vascular bundle systems intertwined into a network. On the whole, they are cylindrical and form a three-dimensional grid system with other dredging organizations. in this grid system composed of vascular bundles, each single vascular bundle can grow thicker and produce growth rings, and at the same time, by splitting and proliferating each other, the vascular bundle system is constantly expanded to achieve the thickening of the plant as a whole. | The most suitable title for this passage is 'The long evolution of trees'. | not-entailment |
1,179 | When public opinion is in a position of direct power, when it is unequal, public opinion will not be able to gain respect for its rights, and it will not be possible to protect itself in front of power, let alone let power be obedient.Therefore, in order for public opinion to really play a role, there is no other way but to give public opinion the power. Rights, in particular, need to understand that public opinion is the premise and basis of power action, and respect for public opinion is reflected, and everything is not done in accordance with public opinion.When it is limited to certain conditions and cannot act in accordance with public opinion, confess the reasons to the public and ask the public for understanding, which is the only way to achieve a win-win situation between power and public opinion. | The author's main point of view is that the fundamental reason why public opinion cannot be respected by power is that the power of public opinion is weak. | not-entailment |
6,816 | Ralph Darrandolph wrote in 1998 that the 20th century was largely dominated by divisions, leading to a hot cold war, but it was also the origin of integration; globalization began to dominate people's lives, imagination and fear. People have to think from a global perspective to respond to this increasingly globalized reality. | The situation of the 20th century highlighted by Darrandolf here is the confrontation between countries being fierce. | not-entailment |
757 | Garden refers to an area with beautiful environment and for people to enjoy and rest by using engineering technology and artistic means in a certain area, through the transformation of terrain, planting trees, flowers and plants, building buildings and arranging garden roads | According to the above definition, the short shrubs and tall street trees are planted beside the road, so that the plants on both sides of the road are high and low and scattered belongs to Garden. | not-entailment |
1,799 | China is setting off an investment boom in 3D printing. In the face of the broad prospect of 3 D printing, various places have built 3 D printing industrial parks and introduced various preferential policies. But enthusiasm is not enough to develop the emerging technology of 3D printing. In the 3D printing industry chain, the constraints of key technologies, materials and software need to be broken through. 3D printing technology is still in its infancy. If a large number of enterprises and capital pour into the 3 D printing industry, it will not produce benefits in a short period of time. | The development of 3D printing technology encounters a bottleneck is intended to be explained in this paragraph. | entailment |
5,030 | At a company's end-of-year party, the host put a prize in each of the 3 boxes and let Xiao Li, Xiao Guo, Xiao Yang, Xiao Li guess how many prizes were placed in each box. Xiao Li said: Box 1 is the third prize, Box 2 is the special prize, Box 3 is the first prize. Xiao Guo said: Box 1 is the second prize, Box 2 is the special prize, Box 3 is the fourth prize. Xiao Yang said: Box 1 is the consolation prize, Box 2 is the third prize, Box 3 is the fifth prize. Xiao Li said: Box 1 is the second prize, Box 2 is the fourth prize, Box 3 is the consolation prize. | The second box contains Second Prize if one person happens to guess two correctly and the other three guess only one correctly. | not-entailment |
12,651 | Certain genetically modified strains of maize produce a powerful natural insecticide. The insecticide occurs throughout the plant, including its pollen. Maize pollen is dispersed by the wind and frequently blows onto milkweed plants that grow near maize fields. Caterpillars of monarch butterflies feed exclusively on milkweed leaves. When these caterpillars are fed milkweed leaves dusted with pollen from modified maize plants, they die. Ttherefore, by using genetically modified maize, farmers put monarch butterflies at risk. | It would be most useful to determine whether any maize-eating insects compete with monarch caterpillars for the leaves of milkweed plants growing near maize fields in order to evaluate the argument. | not-entailment |
12,314 | Citizens of Parktown are worried by the increased frequency of serious crimes committed by local teenagers. In response, the city government has instituted a series of measures designed to keep teenagers at home in the late evening. Even if the measures succeed in keeping teenagers at home, however, they are unlikely to affect the problem that concerns citizens, since most crimes committed by local teenagers take place between 3 p. m. and 6 p. m. | The statement 'Teenagers are much less likely to commit serious crimes when they are at home than when they are not at home' most substantially weakens the argument. | not-entailment |
3,264 | Social adaptation refers to the psychological and behavioral changes of individuals in order to achieve a harmonious relationship with the social environment. It is a continuous and changing process of interaction between individuals and various social environmental factors. | According to the above definition, after introverted Xiao Zhao turns into a sales post, the opportunity to deal with people increases and disposition becomes lively is an example of social adaptation. | entailment |
3,366 | Personal morality consists of moral cognition, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior. Moral cognition is the primary link for the transformation of social moral requirements into personal internal morality and the basis for the formation of morality. | We should strengthen moral construction in the field of social life and family life is correct. | not-entailment |
9,547 | We can be quiet in the book. When you open a book, it is like building an indestructible castle and an immortal Great Wall. You are the monarch of this kingdom, and no one else can enter without your permission. When you open a book, it is as if you have planted a peach garden and covered it with grass. You sit on the grass, in the rain, calm and quiet, enjoy the fragrance alone. When you open a book, it is as if you have found a spring that will not grow old, a ray of spring morning light, a moment of eternity, get rid of selfish thoughts, forget the existence of yourself and the things around you, and let your mind blend into nature. In this way, we can face our hearts and read out ourselves. | The option 'Reading can make one pure, serene and transcendent' does not correspond to the meaning of the text. | not-entailment |
14,282 | Historian: In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to determine the population of each village. <b> Village census records for the last half of the 1600' s are remarkably complete </b>. This very completeness makes one point stand out; in five different years, villages overwhelmingly reported significant population declines. Tellingly, each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax. This tax, which was assessed on villages, was computed by the central government using the annual census figures. Obviously, whenever the tax went up, villages had an especially powerful economic incentive to minimize the number of people they recorded; and concealing the size of a village' s population from government census takers would have been easy. Ttherefore, it is reasonable to think that the <b> reported declines did not happen </b>. | The first provides a context for certain evidence that supports the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second is that position plays the role of In the historian's argument. | entailment |
4,852 | Pharmaceutical companies that produce drugs for rare diseases suffer financial losses because sales are too small to recoup the development and production costs. | The development of drugs to treat rare diseases will promote the progress of medicine best weakens the above conclusions. | not-entailment |
10,009 | According to a psychological theory, if one wants to be happy, one must maintain a close relationship with the people around him, but the great painters in the world often spend their time alone, and they do not have close interpersonal relationships most of their time.Therefore, the above argument of this psychological theory is not valid. | The option 'Loneliness is necessary for a great painter' is most likely to be assumed by the above argument. | not-entailment |
627 | Man-made environmental anomaly refers to a phenomenon in which one or more environmental elements of the natural environment have changed significantly due to human behavior within a certain geographic area, which disrupts the relative balance of the ecosystem. | According to the above definition, the human-made environmental abnormality is the well water in nearby villages becoming turbid and accompanied by a pungent smell, containing a large amount of heavy metals and not being suitable for drinking. | not-entailment |
9,553 | At present, there is no mainstream channel for the supply of low-rent housing in China, and many functions of low-cost leased housing are undertaken by informal villages in the city. In recent years, the gap between the urban development of the south and the north is getting wider and wider. In the study of explaining this phenomenon, the proportion of the village in the city to the whole urban built-up area should be a very explanatory variable. In the south, there are many villages in the city of the semi-illegal , which make the availability of low-cost rentable housing much higher than that in northern cities. It is these low-rent housing that enable manufacturing with meagre profits to survive in big cities where land prices are expensive. | The development of manufacturing industry in southern cities is closely related to the supply of low-rent housing is the most important part of this passage. | not-entailment |
12,600 | Most of the students who took Spanish 101 at the university last semester attended every class session. However, each student who received a grade lower than B minus missed at least one class session. | Most of the students who took Spanish 101 at the university last semester received a grade higher than B minus, according to the information above. | not-entailment |
695 | There are various forecasts for the rise and fall of each stock, but up to now, no stock critic can accurately predict the rise and fall of each stock | There are no conditions for accurately predicting the rise and fall of all stocks can be inferred according to the above information. | not-entailment |
6,394 | Public shaming of students, as a cold and punitive experience, develops students' feelings of inferiority, hatred and even social aggression, and impinges on self-esteem, trust and a sense of belonging. A public humiliation is a trample on human dignity, and repeated humiliation experience will lead to the loss of personal dignity. And the most important values of human society -- love, morality, citizenship and social cohesion -- depend on recognition and appreciation of the dignity of oneself and of others. | The recognition and appreciation of self and the dignity of others will highlight the most important values of human society is not an misinterpretation of the material. | not-entailment |
5,542 | Interactive inhibition is mainly to induce patients, slowly exposed to the situation leading to neuro-anxiety and fear, and through psychological relaxation, to combat this anxiety, so as to eliminate anxiety or fear.Full irrigation therapy is a rapid behavioral therapy that encourages patients to come into direct contact with situations that cause fear and anxiety, and persists until the tension sensation disappears. | The statement "Place the patient in the back seat of the car and drive for several hours to make the patient anxious, and the fear of fear gradually weakens until the patient is completely used to riding in the car and no longer feels fear" uses full irrigation therapy for the treatment of patients with ride-hailing phobias. | entailment |
6,993 | Chinese TV people must face up to the fact that it is not the institutions and channels of these entities that pose a real challenge to television, no matter whether they are mobile phones, networks or other mobile terminals. it is the audience who is slowly changing under the immersion of these media environment. These audiences, they may be TV masses, netizens, or hand-shot mobs. The TV content has been out of the control of the producers from the moment it is delivered to them. What kind of information, fun and values these audiences will get from TV programs, and how they will interpret, derive and alter TV programs, all keep TV people awake at night. | The most likely content of this passage is the reasons for the change in the taste of TV audience. | not-entailment |
10,063 | State-owned enterprise workers are laid off and migrant workers move into cities, resulting in a high unemployment rate and a great threat to social stability. Therefore, we must increase the scale of economic development and speed up the economic development. | The statement "There is a correlation between the scale and speed of economic development and social employment rates" provides the strongest support for the argument in the above. | entailment |
7,063 | When we are suffering from some psychological pain, such as loneliness, social isolation, self doubt, negative emotions, and feel that life is meaningless, nostalgia can play a role in coping mechanism. These troubles make the brain begin to screen its own memory bank and summarize some fragments with specific narrative characteristics. Through nostalgia, we can resurface past successful experiences and close interpersonal relationships, At that time, our lives were safe and orderly. The psychologist explained: you are reiterating to yourself that 'I have done great things' and hope this sentence can predict the future development.' although I am not sure now, looking at my past, I know that I am a lovable person. I am destined to achieve great things'. | The statement "Nostalgia can make us optimistic" is inconsistent with the original text. | not-entailment |
7,439 | Most people resent Mandarin and speak polite mandarin, such as attach great importance to it, personally ask, research and so on.If you do not speak Mandarin or polite words, some officials feel that they have nothing to say, or have no sense of superiority. | According to the above statement, the option 'When officials talk, they usually speak mandarin or polite words if they go on and on' is true. | not-entailment |
10,338 | All green or germinated potatoes contain more toxic alkaloids-solanine. None of the checked potatoes are green or sprouted. Therefore, the checked potatoes are safe to eat. | If the statement 'Potatoes that are not green or sprouted are safe to eat' is used as a hypothesis, the conclusion of the above reasoning can be logically inferred. | entailment |
15,204 | A survey of alumni of the class of 1960 at Aurora University yielded puzzling results. When asked to indicate their academic rank, half of the respondents reported that they were in the top quarter of the graduating class in 1960. | A disproportionately large number of high-ranking alumni responded to the survey most helps account for the apparent contradiction above. | entailment |
3,151 | Administrative act: refers to the act of state administrative organs and their staff in exercising administrative rights and producing legal consequences in order to achieve the purpose of State Administration, | A Education Bureau held a symposium for students' parents on the management of arbitrary charges in primary and secondary schools is an administrative act according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
14,027 | Analyst: A recent survey showed that although professors of biology who teach but do not pursue research made up one twentieth of all science professors, they were appointed to fewer than one twentieth of all the scientific administrative positions in universities. We can conclude from this survey that failing to pursue research tends to bias university administrators against appointing these professors to scientific administrative positions. | Biologists who hold scientific administrative positions in the university tend to hold those positions for a shorter time than do other science professors most seriously weakens the support for the analyst's conclusion. | not-entailment |
7,803 | Origin thinking refers to setting a origin for people or things, often return to the origin for thinking, state contrast, correct deviation, and keep moving towards the goal. | To unlock the golden bell, we need to find the person who tied it belongs to the origin thinking. | entailment |
14,486 | Law student: Law students cannot have a social life if they have any hope of succeeding academically. The daily reading and never-ending exam preparation frustrate all aspects of friendships. My friends sometimes invite me to watch a movie or go to a baseball game, but I can' t go. Our professors warned us of the workload and its affect on free time at the start of the semester. It' s completely impossible to budget fun into my busy schedule. I don' t know any law students who have any fun whatsoever. | The reasoning in the law student's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument improperly uses extreme language. | entailment |
13,945 | The school principal insisted that student failures are caused by bad teaching. In a relatively short time failing grades disappeared from the school. The principal happily recognized this as evidence that the teaching had improved at the school. | The flawed pattern of reasoning in the above is most similar to that in the following: "The manager insisted that the workers who filed complaints did not have enough to do. Soon there were no more complaints filed. The manager was pleased to conclude that the workers were now productively filling their time." | entailment |
8,751 | Ms. Zheng said that the GDP growth rate of Hengyuan City was higher than that of Yiyang City in the past decade, so the economic outlook of Hengyuan City was better than that of Yiyang City.Mr. Hu said, I don't agree with you. Although the GDP growth rate of Hengyuan City is higher than that of Yiyang City, the GDP value of Yiyang City is higher. | The focus of the dispute between Ms. Zheng and Mr. Hu is whether a city's good GDP growth rate means it has a good economic prospect. | not-entailment |
2,623 | Sugar-free drinks have become popular because of their high calorie content, which can easily lead to obesity. After a period of investigation, Professor Li believes that just because sugar-free drinks are low in calories doesn't mean they won't lead to weight gain. Because sugar-free drinks may lead to a high preference for sweets, this means eating more sugary foods. Moreover, sugar-free drinks have little nutrition, and drinking too much limits the intake of other healthy drinks, such as tea and fruit juices. | Many fat people report to the doctor that they often drink sugar-free drinks can best support Professor Li's point of view. | entailment |
6,818 | Medical science holds that the speed of blood circulation throughout the body is inversely proportional to the speed of muscle movement. Muscle and nerves are tense and blood vessels are squeezed, which will reduce blood flow and cause local ischemia and hypoxia. When the tension of muscle and brain nerve increases by more than 60% than usual, the local blood flow can be completely interrupted. Of all diseases today, 60% to 80% can be traced back to the excessive tension of modern life. | Modern medicine has found the root causes of most of today's diseases is intended to be explained in this passage. | not-entailment |
10,899 | In a study of the relationship between aggression and television viewing in nursery school children, many interesting interactions among family styles, aggression, and television viewing were found. High aggression occurred in both high-viewing and low-viewing children and this seemed to be related to parental lifestyle. High-achieving, competitive, middle-class parents, whose children did not watch much television, had more aggressive children than parents who planned their lives in an organized, child-centered way, which included larger amounts of television viewing. | The conclusion that low levels of television viewing often lead to high levels of aggression among children is best supported by the passage. | not-entailment |
12,890 | Oceanographer: To substantially reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in Earth' s atmosphere, carbon dioxide should be captured and pumped deep into the oceans, where it would dissolve. The cool, dense water in ocean depths takes centuries to mix with the warmer water near the surface, so any carbon dioxide pumped deep into oceans would be trapped there for centuries. | It is the density of the water in the ocean depths that plays the main role in the trapping of the carbon dioxide is an assumption that the oceanographer's argument requires. | not-entailment |
1,686 | The secrecy of official documents in ancient China can be traced back to the Xia Dynasty. According to historical records, Tai Shi Ling official collection of graphic method (that is, important national records and archives); during the Shang Dynasty, he set up the official position of keeping the history of the government, which was specially responsible for the custody of government official documents and books; and the Zhou Dynasty inherited the tradition of the Shang Dynasty. the original documents were collected in Tianfu, the earliest central archival institution in the history of our country. In the Qin Dynasty, it was a common practice to seal the documents and use sealing mud in the process of transmission. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the word sealing mud used to keep office documents secret became a metaphor for guarding the pass. The Book of the later Han Dynasty recorded: (Wang) Yuan please take a pill of mud as the king of Dongfeng Hangu pass for a lifetime. Explain that gatekeeping is like sealing mud, you should be careful not to have the slightest omission. | The main introduction of this passage is the record of the method of preservation of documents in history books. | not-entailment |
13,420 | Ethicist: A person who treats others well is more worthy of praise if this treatment is at least partially motivated by feelings of compassion than if it is entirely motivated by cold and dispassionate concern for moral obligation. This is so despite the fact that a person can choose to do what is morally right but cannot choose to have feelings. | If the ethicist's statements are true, then only what is subject to a person's choice should be used in measuring the praiseworthiness of that person could be true EXCEPT. | entailment |
11,349 | Theoretically, analog systems are superior to digital systems. A signal in a pure analog system can be infinitely detailed, while digital systems cannot produce signals that are more precise than their digital units. With this theoretical advantage there is a practical disadvantage, however. Since there is no limit on the potential detail of the signal, the duplication of an analog representation allows tiny variations from the original, which are errors. These errors tend to accumulate as signals are duplicated, until this noise obliterates the information embodied in the original signal. | The statements above, if true, most strongly support that digital systems are preferable to analog systems when the signal must be reproduced many times. | entailment |
7,339 | Extended products refer to the sum of various benefits that customers receive when purchasing products. | A 4S store promised that customers who buy a car worth more than 250,000 will be given one year of insurance are extended products. | entailment |
1,631 | Thirty-five years ago, in the second-class primary school at the entrance of Gaojing Hutong, Xizhimen Street, Beijing, there were two children with different personalities: One boy, who was born stiff, shy and cowardly, cared about the surface reputation, and cried when bullied. Another boy, naturally free and easy, energetic, stored his strength in it and didn't easily show it. He was interrupted by the teacher. His tears were so painful that he wouldn't drop a tear or beg for mercy. Because of this difference in talent, Lao She and I had different ways of life. | The statement 'Different personalities have a great impact on one's life choices' is not in line with the meaning of the text. | not-entailment |
5,585 | Environmental impact assessment refers to the investigation, prediction and evaluation of what impact the plan or project will have on the atmosphere, water, soil, organisms and the environmental system composed of them, and what impact the results of these impacts will have on human health and living environment, as well as the natural environment, economy, culture and historical environment, Based on this, the countermeasures and measures to prevent or reduce environmental pollution and damage are formulated. | After the viaduct was built in a city, residents of several nearby buildings reported that the bridge seriously affected the daylighting. The municipal government organized relevant departments to evaluate it to decide how to deal with it belongs to environmental impact assessment according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
3,456 | Consequential offense refers to a crime in the objective aspect of the crime composed of harmful acts and harmful results. The completion of consequential crime requires not only criminal acts, but also legal criminal results. Without harmful results, the objective aspects of the crime will not be complete, or the elements of the objective aspects of the crime will not be complete. The result of consequential crime refers to tangible and measurable specific harmful results, It is the result consistent with the nature of the crime. | According to the above definition, falsely accuse and frame is not a consequential offense. | entailment |
4,084 | In computer language, there is a logical operation in which if two digits are zero on the same digit, the sum is zero, one is zero, one is one, or both are one, and the sum is one. | According to the definition, if the sum is zero, both numbers must be zero is correct. | entailment |
10,315 | Seven athletes took part in the men's 5km final: S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z. The clothes worn by athletes are either red or green, and no athletes reach the finish line at the same time. The known information is as follows: for athletes who arrive at the finish line one after another, their clothes are not all red. Y reached the finish line some time before T and W. Two of the athletes who reached the finish line before Y happened to be dressed in red. S is the sixth athlete to reach the finish line. Z arrives at the finish line at some time before U. | The athlete Z must have green clothes if there are three athletes whose clothes are green. | not-entailment |
2,362 | The wind bent the trees on the side of the road, tore up the electric customers' booths, uncovered the insurance policies on the wall, obscured the sun, sang, shouted, roared, and echoed; suddenly went straight, like a panicked elf, pulling the sky and the earth away; suddenly panicked and rolled in all directions, like a demon who did not know what to do and decided to bump into the sky and the earth; suddenly panicked and rolled in all directions, like a demon who did not know what to do and decided to bump. All of a sudden, it swept across the ground and took advantage of it to attack everything on the ground, twisting branches, blowing off the tiles of the house, and breaking the power lines, but Xiangzi was watching, he had just come out of the wind, and the wind had done nothing to him! | The hardship of making a living is the content that this text is meant to emphasize. | entailment |
10,786 | A reason Larson cannot do the assignment is that she has an unavoidable scheduling conflict. On the other hand, a reason Franks cannot do the assignment is that he does not quite have the assertiveness the task requires. So, the task must be assigned to Parker, the only supervisor in the shipping department other than Larson and Franks. | The argument depends on assuming that the task cannot be assigned to anyone who has any kind of scheduling conflict. | not-entailment |
10,681 | Tabloid magazines that report alien landings and celebrity sightings may be considered plebeian, but the public evidently prefers them to weekly newsmagazines that report more conventional news. A comparison of newsstand revenues shows far higher sales volumes for tabloids than for weekly newsmagazines. | The statement 'the news is any less conventional in tabloid magazines than in weekly newsmagazines' is the most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to consider whether. | not-entailment |
3,826 | Traditional social moral education in my country has always emphasized obedience and obligation. If what is required under the traditional society and planned economy system is to perform obligations and obey the common people, then modern society and the market economy require everyone to actively participate in the public Live, citizens who dare to own power. | The primary goal of education in the new era is to cultivate students' civic awareness and improve the quality of citizens according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
5,795 | Heroin is sometimes allowed as a painkiller in hospitals to treat critically ill patients. In fact, this should be prohibited. Because, drug traffickers will obtain heroin through this channel, causing serious harm to society. | The statement 'Heroin can be fatal if you use too much' will weaken the above argument most. | not-entailment |
12,302 | Environmental activist groups, which clean up waste left on beaches, in parks, and along the side of the road, report that glass bottles make up an ever-increasing percentage of waste they remove. It is clear that attempts to decrease the amount of glass that people litter are failing. | An increasing proportion of the paper, plastics, and metal cans that the groups used to remove is now being recycled most seriously weakens the argument. | entailment |
13,803 | Would it be right for the government to abandon efforts to determine at what levels to allow toxic substances in our food supply? Only if it can reasonably be argued that the only acceptable level of toxic substances in food is zero. However, virtually all foods contain perfectly natural substances that are toxic but cause no harm because they do not occur in food in toxic concentrations. Furthermore, we can never be certain of having reduced the concentration of any substance to zero; all we can ever know is that it has been reduced to below the threshold of detection of current analytical methods. | The main conclusion of the argument is that the government should continue trying to determine acceptable levels for toxic substances in our food supply. | entailment |
328 | The amount of money people have wasted on gadgets that they almost never use is surprising. For example, my brother bought an electronic ice cream maker for 100 yuan two years ago, and he has only used it three times so far. He insisted that no matter how many times he uses this ice cream machine, this investment is a good deal for him | The price of ice cream will rise in the future is the reason given. | not-entailment |
3,864 | Supervision is the government's regulation and restriction on microeconomic subjects in order to realize some public policy goals under market economy conditions. Mainly through the specific industry and micro-economic activities of the entry, exit, qualification, price and related to national health, life safety, sustainable development and other behaviors for supervision and management to achieve. | Supervision by the government is when a food factory may produce a food that contains excessive levels of harmful substances. | entailment |
954 | According to a survey by the health department of a country, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among urban residents is nearly three times that of rural residents. Some people assert that it should be due to the high-fat, high-protein, and high-calorie food intake of urban residents. Relatively speaking, few people in rural areas have the conditions for this kind of diseases of affluence. | Compared with rural areas, people in cities have more common sense of preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and better medical conditions can best strengthen the above rebuttal. | not-entailment |
13,442 | Letter to the editor: Middle-class families in wealthy nations are often criticized for the ecological damage resulting from their lifestyles. This criticism should not be taken too seriously, however, since its source is often a movie star or celebrity whose own lifestyle would, if widely adopted, destroy the environment and deplete our resources in a short time. | The reasoning in the letter to the editor is vulnerable to criticism in that it criticizes a characteristic of the people giving an argument rather than criticizing the argument itself. | entailment |
12,205 | Unless the building permit is obtained by February 1 of this year or some of the other activities necessary for construction of the new library can be completed in less time than originally planned, the new library will not be completed on schedule. It is now clear that the building permit cannot be obtained by February 1, so the new library will not be completed on schedule. | All of the other activities necessary for construction of the library will take at least as much time as originally planned is assumed in order for the conclusion drawn to follow logically from the premises. | entailment |
9,826 | According to the data of the National Health Commission, about 1/3 of primary and secondary school students spend less than an hour a day exercising outdoors, and more than 70 percent of primary and secondary school students do not get enough sleep. At the same time, stress also has an impact on the health of teenagers, and the rate of myopia is on the rise, mainly because homework takes too long. For this reason, some education departments believe that a good night's sleep may be more important for children. With the consent of the parents, the child may not do the unfinished homework after the specified sleep time. But parents are not happy because they worry that their children will eventually have to go to low-quality schools. | The statement 'Although the new rules may reduce the burden of students' homework, under the current rules, universities choose students according to the results of the college entrance examination' is most helpful to explain parents' concerns. | entailment |
9,610 | There are many repertoire of dazzling skills in classical music, and there are multiple forces to promote dazzling skills in the development of history. Sometimes, it is the composer who wants to test the limits of sound, writing a passage that the performer at that time generally cannot play for the sake of melody or harmony. Sometimes, it is the composer who does not know enough about a solo instrument to think rationally from the point of view of playing, so he writes a piece that is difficult or even impossible to play. Sometimes, it is the performer who takes the initiative to pursue a breakthrough, asking for music that could not be performed in the past, so as to highlight the difference between himself and other performers. | With regard to the driving force of the dazzling skills of music, the performer taking the initiative to perform a breakthrough in order to highlight his own personality is not in line with the meaning of the text. | not-entailment |
12,215 | In a recent study, researchers collected current prices for the 300 most common pharmaceutical drugs from the leading wholesalers specializing in bulk sales. It was found that these prices average 60 to 80 percent below the suggested wholesale prices listed for the same drugs in the current annual edition of a widely used, independently published pharmaceutical price guidebook. | Wholesale prices for pharmaceutical drugs often fluctuate dramatically from one month to the next would help to explain the situation described above EXCEPT. | not-entailment |
7,137 | Xiao Li said, I passed all the exams this time and got my motor vehicle driver's license. | If Xiao Li said something that is not true, then Xiao Li failed in at least one subject. | entailment |
13,202 | Psychologist: Some people contend that children should never be reprimanded. Any criticism, let alone punishment, they say, harms children' s self-esteem. This view is laudable in its challenge to the belief that children should be punished whenever they misbehave, yet it gives a dangerous answer to the question of how often punishment should be inflicted. When parents never reprimand their children, they are in effect rewarding them for unacceptable behavior, and rewarded behavior tends to recur. | The view that children should never be reprimanded functions in the psychologist's argument as a statement of a position that the psychologist's argument claims has a serious flaw though is not without value. | entailment |
1,445 | At present, the concept of TV programs focusing on media convergence and multi-terminal communication is not new. As long as the programs delivering content on different terminals claim to be media convergence. Technology expands media types and channels. Real media convergence should draw lessons from Internet users' thinking, customize content based on multi-level real needs of users from different channels, and form mutual information sharing relationship with users, forming key points of media convergence. | The text emphasizes that delivering the same content in different terminals has become a common practice for media convergence of TV programs. | not-entailment |
13,658 | Robot satellites relay important communications and identify weather patterns. Because the satellites can be repaired only in orbit, astronauts are needed to repair them. Without repairs, the satellites would eventually malfunction. Ttherefore, space flights carrying astronauts must continue. | The statement "Although satellites are indispensable in the identification of weather patterns, weather forecasters also make some use of computer projections to identify weather patterns" would most seriously weaken the argument above. | not-entailment |
6,558 | Leading cadres should also have these three realms of reading and study: first of all, they should have the lofty pursuit of looking at the Tianya Road, the coolness of withering trees by the west wind last night and the loneliness of going up the tall building alone. Calm down and study hard. Second, we should work hard, study assiduously, be willing to pay, persevere, work hard, and never regret even if we wear wider clothes and people are haggard. Third, we should persist in independent thinking, combine learning with use, learn something, use something, find him in the public thousands of degrees in study and practice, and finally suddenly look back and grasp the true meaning in dim lights. the third is to persist in independent thinking, to combine learning with use, to learn something, to find him thousands of degrees in the study and practice, and finally to suddenly look back and comprehend the true meaning in dim lights. | We should love to read, read frequently and be good at reading can best summarize the above text. | entailment |
1,461 | With the acceleration of modernization, the development space of traditional culture has been compressed. There are many factors influencing this, but the inflexibility of traditional culture and the lack of innovation ability is also an important reason. On the one hand, they are stuck in their own ways, not seeking change and falling behind The Times; On the one hand, they live in Baoshan without realizing it, and the excellent cultural wealth has not been fully exploited and utilized. The story of Mulan was made into an animated film by The Americans, and its influence has crossed national boundaries, which fully shows the charm of traditional folk culture innovation. | The main meaning of the expression is that the key to protecting traditional culture is cultural innovation. | entailment |
2,944 | There is a cross relationship between concept A and concept B if and only if (1) the existing object belongs to both A and B; (2) The existing object belongs to A but not to B; (3) The existing object belongs to B but not A. | According to the above definition, the cross relationship between the two concepts of adding points is that in order to improve the food, the 30-year-old general manager of the canteen of Luoyi primary school put several opinion books in the canteen to solicit the students' opinions. | not-entailment |
11,356 | In Malsenia sales of classical records are soaring. The buyers responsible for this boom are quite new to classical music and were drawn to it either by classical scores from television commercials or by theme tunes introducing major sports events on television. Audiences at classical concerts, however, are continually shrinking in Malsenia. It can be concluded from this that the new Malsenian converts to classical music, having initially experienced this music as recorded music, are most comfortable with classical music as recorded music and really have no desire to hear live performances. | The argument assumes that the classical records available in Malsenia are, for the most part, not recordings of actual public concerts. | not-entailment |
12,585 | The percentage of households with an annual income of more than $40, 000 is higher in Merton county than in any other county. However, the percentage of households with an annual income of $60, 000 or more is highest in Sommer county. | If the statements above are true, it can properly be concluded that some households in Merton county have an annual income between $40,000 and $60,000. | entailment |
4,329 | W-12 is a virus that seriously harms the growth of grains and causes a large reduction in grain production every year. Scientists have found that inserting a gene extracted from W-12 into a grain gene that is susceptible to infection can make The grain produces antibodies to W-12, which greatly reduces losses. | When plants acquire antibodies against certain viruses through genetic mutations, they will increase their resistance to certain other viruses does not strengthen the above conclusion. | not-entailment |
1,339 | Science in the 17th century was empirical science. At that time, it was generally believed that human beings could use their senses to collect as much data as possible and finally understand the whole world through these data. Based on this, scientific discoveries were accidental and widely accepted. However, with the development of science and the use of new scientific instruments. Let the amount of scientific research data increase exponentially. This situation makes the previous experience no longer applicable-humans can no longer process and master these data only by senses, and must use computers for analysis. At the same time, the way of exploring and mining data can even enable scientists to plan contingency. | Specific ways to explore and mine data is most likely to continue in the above paragraph. | not-entailment |
10,254 | In recent years, the number of private cars has increased sharply. In order to solve the increasingly serious problem of traffic congestion, City B decided to greatly reduce the ticket price of urban ground bus lines. It is expected that 96% of passengers will reduce their expenses after the implementation of the price reduction, which will attract passengers to take buses first, thereby alleviating traffic congestion in city B. | The statement 'Which of the followings, if true, can most effectively weaken the above conclusion?' can most effectively weaken the above conclusion if it is true. | entailment |
4,324 | Subrogation refers to the system in which the descendants of the deceased children of the deceased inherit their share of the inheritance when the children of the deceased die before the deceased. | Subrogation inheritance is when an heir dies before inheriting the estate, and the property is inherited by the deceased heir's son. | not-entailment |
10,069 | There are 7 heart disease patients E, F, G, H, I, J, K to be assigned to 4 doctors for treatment, they are Dr. Zhang, Dr. Li, Dr. Wang and Dr. Liu. Only one doctor can be responsible for each patient, and each doctor is responsible for the treatment of up to two patients. Among the patients, J and K are children, and the remaining 5 are adults; E, F, and J are male, and the remaining 4 are female. The following conditions must be met: (1) Dr. Zhang is only responsible for treating male patients. (2) Dr. Li can only be responsible for the treatment of 1 patient. (3) If a doctor is responsible for the treatment of a child, he must be responsible for the treatment of an adult of the same sex as the child. | Dr. Wang treats at least one female patient is definitely true according to the above. | entailment |
3,588 | Other deposit companies refer to all deposit companies except the central bank, which are mainly engaged in the activities of absorbing deposits, issuing loans and creating deposits, which are called deposit money banks in China. | The option 'City commercial bank' does not belong to other deposit companies. | not-entailment |
2,140 | Rational expectation means that when people anticipate an economic phenomenon, if they are rational, they will make full use of the information they get to act without making systematic mistakes. | According to the above definition, Lao Liu immediately buying a house nearby belongs to rational expectation. | not-entailment |
8,409 | In 1990, the incidence of bone fractures was very high among people over 70 years old in W city, and at the same time, the mortality rate of people over 70 years old was also very high, so it can be known that the high incidence of bone fractures led to an increase in mortality among people over 70 years old. | The statement 'Many people over 70 years old in W city are living alone' most weakens the above argument. | not-entailment |
9,087 | The cost of making in China has been rising in recent years, and the cost of making in China is close to that of the United States, according to data from the Boston Consulting Group of the United States. Based on the United States (100), the manufacturing index in China is 96, that is, the same product costs $1 to be made in the United States and $0.96 to be made in China. Although labor costs in China have risen, the income of Chinese workers is significantly lower than that of workers in the same industry in the United States. | The statement 'The profit margin of China's manufacturing industry is generally low' can best explain the above seemingly contradictory phenomena. | not-entailment |
5,522 | In many mobile apps, there is the problem of over collecting information, which has aroused public doubts. Once users authorize apps to collect this information, they are most worried about the security of private information. In this era of rapid development of information, absolute information security is almost impossible. In recent years, Facebook leaked users in the United States and the recent killing of big data in China, As the most basic telecommunications service provider, operators have hundreds of millions of users' privacy data. Once there is a problem, the consequences are even more difficult to estimate. | The collection and use of hidden information by mobile app and telecom operators must be standardized can be introduced. | entailment |
7,238 | The recent instability in Southeast Asia is due to the impact of bird flu. However, if there is no turbulence in the economic situation, the impact of bird flu on the situation will not be obvious. Therefore, in order to prevent instability, we must stabilize the economic situation. | Before the economic turmoil, outbreaks such as bird flu had repeatedly caused instability in Southeast Asia weakens the above conclusion most. | entailment |
11,909 | Last year Comfort Airlines had twice as many delayed flights as the year before, but the number of complaints from passengers about delayed flights went up three times. It is unlikely that this disproportionate increase in complaints was rooted in an increase in overall dissatisfaction with the service Comfort Airlines provides, since the airline made a special effort to improve other aspects of its service last year. | The average length of a flight delay being greater last year than it was the year before most helps to explain the disproportionate increase in customer complaints. | entailment |
10,567 | A committee works for two years and is composed of 4 members each year, 2 of which are from the following 4 judges: F, G, H and I, and the other 2 members are from the following 3 scientists: V, Y and Z. Each year, the committee is chaired by one member. A member who chairs the first year must retire from the committee during the second year. The person who chairs the second year must be a member of the committee during the first year. The committee members must meet the following conditions: G and V cannot be members of the committee in the same year. H and Y cannot be members of this committee in the same year. Each year, only one of I and V is a member of this committee. | If V chairs the committee in the first year, H and I must be members of the committee in the second year. | not-entailment |
14,319 | A company decided to scan all of its salespersons' important work that existed only in paper form into a central computer database that could be easily accessed using portable computers, thereby saving salespersons the effort of lugging their paper files all over the country. The project was a dismal failure, however; salespersons rarely accessed the database and continued to rely on many paper files, which they had refused to tum over to the staff responsible for creating the database. | The statement 'The papers that the salespersons found most important all contained personal information about employees of client companies, which the salespersons did not want in a central database' most helps to account for the failure described above. | entailment |
10,116 | Six scholars, F, G, J, L, M and N, will speak at a logical conference, which will be arranged according to the following conditions: (1) each speaker will speak only once, and there will be only one speaker at a time. (2) three speakers spoke before lunch and the other three spoke after lunch. (3) G must speak before lunch. (IV) only one speaker is between M and N. (5) F speaks in the first or third place. | If J speaks before F, the number N to speak is the fourth place. | entailment |
465 | Psychological research abroad has shown that when someone offends you, if you choose to forgive the offender, the offender will be more likely to feel remorse and have inner guilt. Therefore, the possibility of similar offenses happening again will be greatly reduced. | According to the above point of view, if you often forgive offenders, you may reduce your chances of being offended. | not-entailment |
3,375 | Social morality refers to the moral norms gradually formed in human long-term social practice and should be followed by every social citizen in performing social obligations or activities involving social public interests. In essence, it is the moral norms, cultural concepts and ideological traditions accumulated in social practice by a country, a nation or a group in the long history. | Xiao Zhang is introverted and not good at words. He is a law-abiding young man does not belong to the category of social morality. | not-entailment |
7,446 | The straw effect means that the juice around the tube can be inhaled by inhaling the fruit juice in the cup with a straw. Implanting some kind of straw in a certain area can gather resources and cause obvious regional effect. | The option 'This year, let the prosperity of the modern service industry be matched with convenient transportation, and the combination of the two will become a prosperous area where capital flows yearn for one after another' does not belong to the straw effect. | not-entailment |
15,091 | Crimes in which handguns are used are more likely than other crimes to result in fatalities. However, the majority of crimes in which handguns are used do not result in fatalities. Ttherefore, there is no need to enact laws that address crimes involving handguns as distinct from other crimes. | The pattern of flawed reasoning displayed in the argument above most closely resembles that in which one of the following: 'Overweight people are at higher risk of developing heart disease than other people. However, more than half of all overweight people never develop heart disease. Hence it is unnecessary for physicians to be more careful to emphasize the danger of heart disease to their overweight patients than to their other patients.' | entailment |
9,220 | The Fed has always wanted to launch a third round of quantitative and loose monetary policy, also known as QE3, to boost the recovery of the US economy. If the Fed launches QE3, the global supply of dollars will increase sharply again, and countries will have to buy dollar assets in order to maintain exchange rate stability. If countries buy dollar assets, it will increase inflationary pressure in their own countries. If you don't want to import inflation, countries have to let their currencies appreciate. If the local currency appreciates, it will depress domestic exports and lead to an economic downturn. | If the above statement is true, other countries are either facing imported inflationary pressures or are in danger of economic decline must be true. | entailment |
741 | Horizontal integrated logistics refers to that multiple enterprises in the same industry obtain economies of scale and improve logistics efficiency by jointly using logistics channels. Horizontal integrated logistics must have an information platform for logistics demand and logistics supply, have a large number of enterprises to participate and have a large amount of goods | One hundred stores in the electronic city signing an agreement to designate one of them to undertake the delivery business of the electronic city belongs to horizontal integrated logistics according to the above definition. | entailment |
8,817 | There are 7 heart disease patients E, F, G, H, I, J, K to be assigned to 4 doctors for treatment, they are Dr. Zhang, Dr. Li, Dr. Wang and Dr. Liu. Only one doctor can be responsible for each patient, and each doctor is responsible for the treatment of up to two patients. Among the patients, J and K are children, and the remaining 5 are adults; E, F, and J are male, and the remaining 4 are female. The following conditions must be met: (1) Dr. Zhang is only responsible for treating male patients. (2) Dr. Li can only be responsible for the treatment of 1 patient. (3) If a doctor is responsible for the treatment of a child, he must be responsible for the treatment of an adult of the same sex as the child. | Dr. Liu treats at least one male patient is definitely true according to the above. | not-entailment |
11,945 | In response to requests made by the dairy industry, the government is considering whether to approve the synthetic hormone BST for use in dairy cows. BST increases milk production but also leads to recurring udder inflammation, decreased fertility, and symptoms of stress in cows who receive the hormone. All of these problems can be kept under control with constant veterinary care, but such levels of veterinary help would cost big farms far less per cow than they would small farms. | If the statements above are true, owners of big farms stand to gain more from government approval of BST than do owners of small farms is most strongly supported by them. | entailment |
13,296 | At one sitting, a typical doughnut eater consumes 4 doughnuts containing a total of 680 calories and 40 grams of fat. The typical bagel eater consumes exactly one bagel, at 500 calories and one or two grams of fat per sitting, though the addition of spreads can raise calorie and fat content to the four-doughnut range. Thus, as far as total calorie content is concerned, there is very little difference between what a typical doughnut eater and a typical bagel eater each consumes at one sitting. | The argument depends on assuming that the typical doughnut eater does not add to doughnuts any substances that increase the total caloric intake. | entailment |
9,452 | Man is born of nature, and man and nature are in a symbiotic relationship, and damage to nature will eventually damage human beings. Therefore, only by respecting the laws of nature can we effectively prevent detours in the development and utilization of nature. | If we do not respect the laws of nature, we cannot effectively prevent detours in the development and utilization of nature can be concluded from the above statement. | not-entailment |
10,299 | Unlike traditional coal, gas and atomic energy, solar energy does not produce pollution, does not need to be transported, has no risk of radiation, and is not subject to power companies. Therefore, people should be encouraged to use solar energy. | The statement 'The cost of solar energy equipment to meet the needs of a family of four is equal to the cost of traditional energy needed by the family for a year' will most strongly weaken the above argument. | not-entailment |
5,431 | In a mountainous area of an Asian country, the physique of newborns born in February and March is generally not as good as that of newborns born in other months. After investigation, the staff of the local medical institute believe that the main reason for this phenomenon is the lack of food in winter and the inability of pregnant women to supplement nutrition, resulting in the weakness of newborns. | The statement 'A few wealthy families in the mountain area that can provide adequate nutrition for pregnant women still give birth to weak babies in winter' best supports the above findings. | not-entailment |
1,336 | Lithium-ion battery is a very important energy storage technology, which is widely used in portable electronic devices and new energy vehicles. With the advent of the era of electric vehicles and smart grid, the large-scale development of lithium-ion battery is restricted by the bottleneck of lithium resource shortage. Compared with lithium, sodium has rich reserves, wide distribution, low cost, and similar physical and chemical properties to lithium. Therefore, the research of sodium ion battery has attracted extensive attention in scientific research and industry again. Compared with lithium-ion battery, sodium ion battery usually has low energy density. Although it is not suitable for the field of portable electronic equipment and electric vehicles with high demand for energy density, it is suitable for low-speed electric vehicles and communication base stations with low energy density and cost sensitivity, household energy storage and other fields. | The application range of sodium ion battery is wider than that of lithium-ion battery matches the meaning of this passage. | not-entailment |
10,577 | After the United Nations Security Council authorized military intervention by a coalition of armed forces intended to halt civil strife in a certain country, the parliament of one UN member nation passed a resolution condemning its own prime minister for promising to commit military personnel to the action. A parliamentary leader insisted that the overwhelming vote for the resolution did not imply the parliament' s opposition to the anticipated intervention; on the contrary, most members of parliament supported the UN plan. | In the parliamentary leader's nation, it is the constitutional prerogative of the parliament, not of the prime minister, to initiate foreign military action most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy presented above. | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.