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7,997 | Every time the government introduces an economic policy, it will change the income expectations of some interest groups. Out of self-interest, these interest groups always try to offset the loss caused by the policy through various behavior choices. At this time, if the government really changes the original policy, the result will not only invalidate the policy issued by the government, but also make the government's ability of economic regulation and control decline continuously due to the loss of credibility. | The main statement of this passage is that the government must continue to implement the policies it has formulated. | entailment |
11,560 | On the basis of the available evidence, Antarctica has generally been thought to have been covered by ice for at least the past 14 million years. Recently, however, three-million-year-old fossils of a kind previously found only in ocean-floor sediments were discovered under the ice sheet covering central Antarctica. About three million years ago, ttherefore, the Antarctic ice sheet must temporarily have melted. After all, either severe climatic warming or volcanic activity in Antarctica' s mountains could have melted the ice sheet, thus raising sea levels and submerging the continent. | The main conclusion of the argument is that Antarctica is no longer generally thought to have been covered by ice for the past 14 million years. | not-entailment |
10,563 | One theater plans to present seven plays over seven weeks in the fall. They are F, G., J, K, O, R, S. There is one play a week, and each play runs exactly one week. The repertory must meet the following conditions :(1) G must be performed in the third week. (2) O and S cannot be performed continuously. (3) K must be staged before J and S. (4) F and J must be scheduled to perform in two consecutive weeks. | Five kinds of arrangements are available if R is arranged in the fifth week and O in the second week. | entailment |
4,873 | One housewife discarded a pair of old sofas. Another housewife picked them back from the outside and repaired them, so that the sofas are not only practical but also beautiful at home. | Whether a thing is useful depends largely on people's judgment is correct based on the above conclusions. | entailment |
5,690 | Submissive interaction refers to the action process with the same nature or the same direction among actors, which often has three forms: sending signals or hints to others intentionally or unintentionally and causing others to respond; Act in the way of others without consideration; Actors accept the way others act under pressure from others and do so. | Everyone can see Xiao Liu's business ability. Even the picky old director agrees to choose Xiao Liu as the business director does not belong to submissive interaction according to the above definition. | entailment |
3,324 | Some skin care cosmetics with excellent results are made by Noah Company. All of Noah's skin care products are expensive, and expensive skin care products are trusted by women without exception. | Some of the skin-care products that women trust don't actually work as well can't be inferred from the conclusion of the problem. | entailment |
1,949 | Nowadays, the young and new generation of parents have generally received perfect higher education and some of them have the experience of studying and living abroad, so they have their own understanding and requirements for their children's enlightening education. Imported cartoons, no matter in narrative style or in means of expression, are closer to their aesthetic standards. At the same time, children's understanding ability is also increasing, they can observe and understand the world earlier. In fact, China is not without such animation resources, such as Journey to the West has become a classic, repeatedly adapted and popular, because its mythological system is the projection of reality. The key question is whether domestic producers have the ability to think deeply and explore reality. | According to the above passage, the author's point of view is that the depression of domestic animation stems from poor producers. | entailment |
8,110 | Although the cold winter is the high incidence of cardiovascular disease, but in the hot and sultry Indian summer season, the humidity in the air is increased, oxygen content is reduced, usually suffering from hypertension, coronary heart disease often feel uncomfortable, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness and other symptoms. In addition, high temperature weather will make the human body sweat too much, blood concentration, if not timely supplement water, easy to form plaques; Acute myocardial infarction occurs when plaque breaks off and clots form, blocking blood vessels. In addition, people often do not get a good sleep on hot summer nights, which is also an important cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Sultry weather can also make people mood swings, mood irritability, which is also a risk factor for coronary heart disease. In this period of time, because of work overworked and lack of rest, especially to guard against sudden attack of myocardial infarction. | The best heading for this paragraph is 'Prevent myocardial infarction at the turn of summer and autumn'. | entailment |
12,966 | Household indebtedness, which some theorists regard as causing recession, was high preceding the recent recession, but so was the value of assets owned by households. Admittedly, if most of the assets were owned by quite affluent households, and most of the debt was owed by low-income households, high household debt levels could have been the cause of the recession despite high asset values: low-income households might have decreased spending in order to pay off debts while the quite affluent ones might simply have failed to increase spending. But, in fact, quite affluent people must have owed most of the household debt, since money is not lent to those without assets. Ttherefore, the real cause must lie elsewhere. | The argument is structured to lead to the conclusion that high levels of household debt have little impact on the economy. | not-entailment |
1,973 | Although new retail has become the hottest concept at present, there is no accurate definition of what new retail is. The professional saying is the reconstruction of people, goods, and market under the Internet and big data. popular understanding is probably the combination of online and offline, and then supplemented by artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and other technical means to achieve all-round upgrading of the production and sales of the traditional retail industry. | The statement 'The new retail can make up for the lack of a single offline sales channel in the traditional retail industry' can be inferred from the original text. | entailment |
3,298 | In my opinion, as a strict aesthetic proposition, the statement Small is beautiful is untenable. For example, classical poets like to chant small bridges and flowing water, small mouths like cherries, but there are many people take the opposite hobby, to praise the bridge across the sea or Sophia Loren mouth. | The statement 'Small is beautiful is incorrect' can be inferred from the given information. | entailment |
546 | Witkeys refers to people who convert their wisdom, knowledge, ability and experience into actual benefits through the Internet. They make their knowledge, wisdom, experience and skills reflect economic value by solving problems in science, technology, work, life and learning on the Internet |
The website described in the above definition belongs to a Witkey mode. | entailment |
7,465 | In the Six Dynasties, the famous talker Liu Zun talked a lot, but he also admired people who didn't talk. He was very happy to see Jiang Quan not speaking often, and said: Jiang Quan can't speak, but it's really admirable to be able to not speak. Jiang Quan knew that he was not talking, but he knew how to hide. Not everyone knows where his shortcomings are, so as to be a teacher, there are countless people who can talk about it. It is excusable to be able to talk and love to talk; many people know that they are not good at talking. It happens that they keep talking and explode their shortness, which is often annoying. Therefore, it can be said that Jiang Quan's doing this is actually an extremely rare kind of intelligence. | The statement 'Being able to speak without saying is a kind of extremely rare intelligence' can best support the above statement. | not-entailment |
6,101 | Most ancient Chinese scientific works are empirical summaries rather than theoretical discussions. All the inventions recorded are to solve practical problems in national and social life, rather than trying to make a major breakthrough in a certain research field. In terms of research methods, Chinese science and technology attaches importance to comprehensive overall research and grasp things as a whole, Instead of separating the research objects from the complex connections, studying their entities and attributes independently and exploring their mysteries in detail, this made the science and technology in ancient China not develop to a higher level. | The emphasis of this paragraph is the fundamental reason why the level of science and technology in ancient China did not make great progress. | entailment |
1,612 | A market research company compared the expenditure of family children's education and cultivation in Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou, and found that the expenditure level paid by families to schools for children's education in the three places was the lowest in Beijing. In terms of other education expenditure, the expenditure level of families in Shanghai is significantly lower. On the overall level, the pocket money obtained by children in Shanghai and the living expenses borne by their parents are also lower than those in Beijing. | The overall level of expenditure on children's education in Guangzhou is higher than that in Shanghai. | entailment |
664 | Robot: It is an automated machine. The difference is that this machine has some intelligence similar to humans or creatures, such as perception ability, planning ability, movement ability and coordination ability. It is an automated machine with a high degree of flexibility. | According to the above definition, a machine that looks like a human is a robot. | not-entailment |
1,328 | When it comes to the impact of ocean acidification, the treasure crab with a fishery value of about 2.20 dollars per year may be impacted by the reduction of its own food source and will face a strong downturn in the next 50 years. However, pteropods, copepods and small marine organisms with shells vulnerable to acidification may experience a slight decline because they are rich enough to withstand most of the impact. At the same time, marine mammals and seabirds are less affected by ocean acidification. | Ocean acidification affects the development of marine life can be inferred from the above words. | not-entailment |
2,236 | From the perspective of top-level design, the cultivation and construction of craftsman spirit in China should be based on building a cooperative guarantee platform, carrying out pluralistic dialogue among different subjects, constructing a cooperative development mechanism of industry, teaching and research, and strengthening the function of spiritual cultivation in vocational colleges. From the perspective of coordinated development, the main body of craftsman spirit in our country urgently needs to strengthen the market management system, cultivate high-quality consumer market, constantly improve the salary system of technical and skilled personnel and construct vocational colleges according to their own role orientation and functional attributes, training center, enterprise three-station interaction mechanism. | The main description of this paragraph is The main strategies of cultivating the spirit of craftsmen in China. | entailment |
9,674 | It is a win-win move to make use of the human resources of the sanitation workers and connect them with the standard demand for shared bicycle parking: although the concurrent ownership of bicycles will increase the labor burden of the sanitation workers, their income will also increase; the participation of sanitation workers in the management of bicycles will help bicycle enterprises to reduce losses and costs, and spend more funds on the development of enterprises. For the management of the city, bicycles are arranged in an orderly manner, and the appearance of the city will be better. | The option 'Managing bicycles can increase the income of sanitation workers' is intended to describe this passage. | not-entailment |
2,730 | Professor Zhang: the prehistoric essential tools found in South America existed 13,000 years ago. Some archaeologists believe that these tools were used by people whose ancestors migrated from Siberia to Alaska. This view is untenable. In order to reach South America, these people had to trek 13, 000 years ago, and 13, 000-year-old wooden tools were never found between Alaska and South America. Researcher Li: I'm afraid you've overlooked: these wooden tools are found in peat bogs, which are rarely found in North America. Wooden tools rot and dissolve in ordinary soil within a few years. | The problem discussed by Professor Zhang and researcher Li is whether it is possible for these people to complete the long journey from Alaska to South America by 13,000 years ago. | not-entailment |
3,979 | Administrative license refers to the act of an administrative organ granting a citizen, legal person or other organization permission to engage in certain activities upon examination in accordance with law. | The C Trade and Industry Bureau issued a business license to a school canteen on the application of it is an administrative license according to the above definition. | entailment |
5,778 | Contract of gift refers to a contract in which one party to a contract gives its property to the other party without compensation. The party giving the property is called the giver and the party receiving the property is called the grantee. | According to the above definition, providing one's residence for free to a friend to use during the period of studying abroad may result in a contract of gift. | not-entailment |
11,140 | The French novelist Colette (1873-1954) has been widely praised for the vividness of her language. But many critics complain that her novels are indifferent to important moral questions. This charge is unfair. Each of her novels is a poetic condensation of a major emotional crisis in the life of an ordinary person of her time. Such emotional crises almost invariably raise important moral questions. | A novel that poetically condenses a major emotional crisis does not have to be indifferent to the important moral questions raised by that crisis is an assumption on which the argument depends. | entailment |
12,909 | If a President is elected, then he or she won the nomination of a major party and received at least 270 Electoral College votes, even if he or she did not win the popular vote. | Some Presidents have received less than 270 Electoral College votes must be true. | not-entailment |
7,508 | Role pressure refers to the fact that in an organization or a specific social environment, there are unfavorable factors that interfere with the action of the role task, which causes the individual to fall into a dilemma of knowing what to do. | Role pressure refers to the requirement for bank staff to greet customers with smiles, even if some people find it difficult to do so. | not-entailment |
7,749 | Linguistic intelligence refers to the use of computer programs to achieve language communication between humans and machines, or to allow machines to autonomously complete language-related tasks. | Linguistic intelligence is the ability to excel in activities that involve the use of language, such as writing poetry or playing Go. In this context, the statement that the artificial intelligence Alpha Dog defeated many world-class Go masters with absolute advantage in a long-term competition demonstrates linguistic intelligence. | not-entailment |
47 | A new type of computer keyboard has been introduced on the market. The new type of keyboard has the three most characteristics that traditional keyboards do not have, that is, the most commonly used keys are designed at the position closest to the most flexible fingers. The new type of keyboard can greatly improve typing speed and reduce error rate. Therefore, replacing the traditional keyboard with a new keyboard can quickly improve the efficiency of the relevant departments. | The statement 'The more efficient one can use the traditional keyboard, the less proficient one can use the new keyboard in the short term' would weaken the above argument most. | entailment |
9,374 | As temperatures rise, so does the chance that tropical rainforests will be struck by lightning and start fires. However, current monitoring shows that although the American rainforest is hit by lightning more frequently, it does not cause more forest fires. The researchers believe that this may have something to do with the large increase in the number of vines in the rainforest in recent years. | The statement 'The stem of the vine has less resistance relative to the branch and can conduct lightning like a lightning rod on a building, allowing most of the current to flow from its own stem' can best support the above conclusion. | entailment |
9,195 | My running ability has never been very strong, but since I used X brand running shoes, my running performance has improved greatly. Now I can run faster and farther, and my muscles are less sore after the run. Runner magazine also said that X-brand running shoes are the best-selling shoes on the market. Therefore, all people who want to improve their running performance should buy X-brand running shoes. | If you buy X brand running shoes, they will make you run faster and farther does not lead to a more reasonable conclusion from the above than the conclusion drawn by me. | entailment |
7,616 | Through actual investigations, it was found that some defendants were innocent or even framed; not all suspects were criminals. | If the situation of the above investigation is true, then all the suspects are not criminals. | not-entailment |
10,925 | Researchers have found that when very overweight people, who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, lose weight primarily through dieting, their metabolisms generally remain unchanged. They will thus burn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do people whose weight is normally at that level. Such newly thin persons will, ttherefore, ultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolic rate. | The conclusion of the argument above depends on the assumption that relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level. | entailment |
15,062 | For one academic year all the students at a high school were observed. The aim was to test the hypothesis that studying more increased a student' s chances of earning a higher grade. It turned out that the students who spent the most time studying did not earn grades as high as did many students who studied less. Nonetheless, the researchers concluded that the results of the observation supported the initial hypothesis. | The statement 'Students who spent more time studying understood the course material better than other students did' most helps to explain why the researchers drew the conclusion described above. | not-entailment |
32 | In a certain place, two production management methods A and B were tried out in two factories. Their pilot work was carried out as follows: Method A was tried out in a large factory with leadership of high education level; Method B was tried out in a small factory with leadership of low education level, and Method A resulted in good economic benefits; Method B not good. Therefore, it was concluded that Method A was the reason for achieving better economic benefits. | The following options can weaken the above conclusion, except: Compared with Method A and Method B, Method B is actually better. Unfortunately, the foundation of the small factory that implements this method is too poor. | entailment |
13,649 | Nearly all mail that is correctly addressed arrives at its destination within two business days of being sent. In fact, correctly addressed mail takes longer than this only when it is damaged in transit. Overall, however, most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent. | A large proportion of mail is incorrectly addressed must be true if the statements above are true. | entailment |
3,863 | A manager asked several employees to cut a 30-centimeter strip from each wrinkle tape, only use visual inspection, not measuring tools. Then, each listener was asked to cut a 150 cm and 600 cm tape. After everyone was cut, the manager took out a tape measure and carefully measured each piece of paper and announced the results: 30 cm group, the average error of less than 6%, 150 cm group, the average error rose to 11%; 600 cm group, the average error was as high as 19%, with individual differences of 100 cm. | The smaller and more focused the target, the easier it is to get close to it can be derived from the options. | entailment |
3,480 | A student cheated in the exam and was found by the invigilator of the college. If the teacher reported the matter to the school, the student will be expelled from the school; If the student is expelled, the college's year-end assessment will be rejected by one vote. If the teacher does not report the matter to the school, the student's cheating in the exam will become more and more serious. | The statement 'If the college's year-end assessment is not rejected by one vote, the phenomenon of students cheating in the examination will become more and more serious' can be inferred. | entailment |
10,869 | In the last election, 89 percent of reporters voted for the incumbent. The content of news programs reveals that reporters allowed the personal biases reflected in this voting pattern to affect their news coverage: 54 percent of coverage concerning the challenger was negative, compared with only 30 percent of that concerning the incumbent. | The statement 'ignores the possibility that there was more negative news worthy of reporting concerning the challenger than there was concerning the incumbent' makes the argument logically most vulnerable to criticism. | entailment |
11,493 | Politician: The current crisis in mathematics education must be overcome if we are to remain competitive in the global economy. Alleviating this crisis requires the employment of successful teaching methods. No method of teaching a subject can succeed that does not get students to spend a significant amount of time outside of class studying that subject. | If students spend a significant amount of time outside of class studying mathematics, the current crisis in mathematics education will be overcome follows logically from the statements above. | not-entailment |
14,175 | Ann will either take a leave of absence from Technocomp and return in a year or else she will quit her job there; but she would not do either one unless she were offered a one-year teaching fellowship at a prestigious university. Technocomp will allow her to take a leave of absence if it does not find out that she has been offered the fellowship, but not otherwise. Ttherefore, Ann will quit her job at Technocomp only if Technocomp finds out she has been offered the fellowship. | Assuming that Ann will take a leave of absence if Technocomp allows her to take a leave of absence allows the conclusion above to be properly drawn. | entailment |
4,355 | Civil servants refer to staff who perform public duties in accordance with the law, are included in the administrative staff, and are paid by the state finances for wages and benefits. | Judge of Dongcheng District Court is not a civil servant. | entailment |
827 | In trade with China, France lags far behind Japan and the United States, and even lags behind the United Kingdom and Italy. China's GDP growth rate this year is expected to reach 7.5% to 7.8%, compared with the first seven months of 2001. France Trade with China only increased by 2.7%, while the trade of China with other European countries, who are France's competitors, increased by an average of 10%. | The option "France's trade with China lags far behind other developed countries" can be inferred. | not-entailment |
9,288 | The case of Xu Yunhe in Tianjin: while driving, Xu Yunhe encountered Mrs. Wang crossing the guardrail in the center of the road. Mrs. Wang fell to the ground and was injured. Xu helped her up. Mrs. Wang insisted that she was hit by Xu. After judicial identification, Xu's car did not touch her. The court of first instance held that Xu was only four or five meters away from Mrs. Wang when she saw her, and that she must have fallen because she was frightened by Xu's car and ordered Xu to bear 40% of the responsibility and compensate Mrs. Wang 108606 yuan. | The verdict goes against traditional morality: like the Nanjing Pengyu case, it will deter the public from extending a helping hand to the injured best points out the flaws in the first instance of the case. | not-entailment |
6,791 | On the page does the German Shepherd Dog understand English, the book corrects my understanding of Jenny Goodall. The author criticizes: there is a woman in the United States who claims to be a scientist who claims to be able to talk to Gigi, the mother orangutan. She said Gigi told her interesting stories about death and heaven in orangutan Esperanto, and she answered in dumb language. Unfortunately, other researchers who imitated her found nothing, indicating that this so-called communication is actually based on fantasy. | The author's original knowledge of Jenny Goodall is that the communication between Jenny Goodall and Gigi, the mother orangutan, is actually based on fantasy. | not-entailment |
5,631 | Peak-End Rule means that the experience of remembering something depends on the feeling at the beginning and end. | The bank designed the business hall spacious and bright is not applied to the Peak-End Rule according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
10,694 | Because the death of a spouse creates a void in one' s life and leads to depression, it is very difficult to lead a normal life after the death of a spouse. The ability to lead a normal life after the death of a spouse is improved by filling the void with another important element. In one study, half of those attempting to recover after the death of a spouse were told to embark on a new career, and the other half were told to take time off work to fully comprehend their loss. After one year, those in the first group reported lower rates of depression and positive feelings about their lives, and the second group reported higher rates of depression and negative feelings about their lives. | The participants in the study mentioned in the paragraph above who embarked on a new career all reported continuing to feel relatively happy with their lives ten years after the death of their spouses strengthens the argument above EXCEPT. | not-entailment |
8,963 | People who are in favor of the death penalty usually give two reasons: first, the fear of death will prevent others from committing the same terrible crime; second, the death penalty is cheaper than its alternative, life imprisonment. However, reliable research shows that life imprisonment is preferable to the death penalty from an economic point of view. People think that it is not true that the death penalty saves money. Therefore, the death penalty should be abolished. | It is only natural to abolish the death penalty and there is no need to discuss it is an appropriate evaluation of the argument in the main part of the question. | not-entailment |
12,444 | Journalist: Obviously, though some animals are purely carnivorous, none would survive without plants. But the dependence is mutual. Many plant species would never have come to be had there been no animals to pollinate, fertilize, and broadcast their seeds. Also, plants' photosynthetic activity would deplete the carbon dioxide in Earth' s atmosphere were it not constantly being replenished by the exhalation of animals, engine fumes, and smoke from fires, many set by human beings. | The main conclusion of the journalist's argument is that just as animals are dependent on plants for their survival, plants are dependent on animals for theirs. | entailment |
10,237 | A new medical technology can be used clinically only if it is effective and safe. In 1998, American scientists successfully made human embryonic stem cells grow and proliferate in vitro. if this stem cell technology is combined with cloning technology, the necessary tissue cells can be cultured from patients' somatic cells to replace patients' damaged cells. to treat a variety of difficult diseases, this is the so-called therapeutic cloning. But now therapeutic cloning is still a long way from clinical use. | The statement "At present, scientists are far from understanding the mechanism by which human embryonic stem cells differentiate into various cells and how to prevent them from turning into cancer cells" will give the above conclusion the strongest support. | entailment |
12,789 | Terry: If You want to get a decent job, you should go to college. Mark: That is not true. There are other reasons to go to college than wanting to get a good job. | Mark's response shows that he interpreted Terry's remarks to mean that wanting to get a decent job is the only reason for going to college. | entailment |
6,424 | The Yellow River is the second largest river in China and one of the few naked rivers in the world. She started from the northern foot of Bayan Kara Mountain and accepted thousands of streams and rivers, flowing eastward through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and other nine provinces and regions, into the vast sea. With a total length of 5464 kilometers and a basin area of more than 750000 square kilometers, it is like a golden dragon lying with its head held high on the vast land in the north of our country. | The option 'The Yellow River is the cradle of the Chinese nation' does not belong to the characteristics of the Yellow River. | entailment |
10,897 | Students in a first-year undergraduate course were divided into two groups. All the students in both groups were given newspaper articles identical in every respect, except for the headline, which was different for each group. When the students were later asked questions about the contents of the article, the answers given by the two groups were markedly different, though within each group the answers were similar. | Newspaper headlines hamper a reader's ability to comprehend the corresponding articles is most strongly supported by the information above. | not-entailment |
8,692 | An organization has investigated the average housing prices of three types of housing (villas, ordinary commercial rooms and comfortable housing) in cities A, B and C in eastern China, and the information released is as follows: according to the price of villa housing, from high to low is A, B, C; According to the price of ordinary commercial housing, from high to low is A, C, B; According to the price of comfortable housing, from high to low is B, A, C. | The judgment that the overall average price of residential housing in City A is the highest is wrong about the overall average housing price of residents in the above three cities. | not-entailment |
2,455 | At the end of the Second World War, women of childbearing age in a country reached the lowest point. In the mid-1950s, 10 years after the end of the Second World War, the average family had 4.5 children. Ten years ago, the number of women of childbearing age in the country reached an all-time high. At present, the average family has only 1.82 children. | The fertility rate is not proportional to the number of women of childbearing age can be drawn from the above. | entailment |
1,826 | In 1923, the Preparatory Conference for the Unification of Mandarin decided to adopt the Beijing phonetic standard to promote language and dialect throughout the country, not as a tool of communication, but as a cultural carrier.At present, the miniaturization of dialects, even if the culture of one side fades, maintaining the coexistence of dialect national language and common language is conducive to maintaining cultural diversity. While popularizing Putonghua, dialects should also be given some room for expression.And the dialect is not large, applied to one side of the land, but also can enrich the color of the common language, such as happy to pay for the high and unfinished buildings and other words have entered the common language vocabulary, and have some development. | Common language identification is conducive to improving the cultural level and scientific and technological development level of the whole nation is the gist of the above. | not-entailment |
11,003 | Over 90 percent of the human brain currently serves no purpose, as is evident from the fact that many people with significant brain damage show no discernible adverse effects. So once humans begin to tap into this tremendous source of creativity and innovation, many problems that today seem insurmountable will be within our ability to solve. | The argument presumes, without providing justification, that the only reason that any problem remains unsolved is a lack of creativity and innovation most accurately describes a flaw in the argument. | not-entailment |
11,714 | Computer store manager: Last year we made an average of 13 percent profit on the high-end computer models -- those priced over $1, 000 -- that we sold, while low-end models -- those priced below $1, 000 -- typically returned at least 25 percent profit. Since there is a limit to how many models we can display and sell, we should sell only low-end models. This would maximize our profits, since we would probably sell as many low-end models if that is all we sold as we would sell both kinds combined if we continued to sell both. | The argument is vulnerable to criticism on the ground that it fails to consider the possibility that the money earned on each high-end computer is significantly higher than the money earned on each low-end computer. | entailment |
13,922 | Theories generated by scientific research were used to develop several products that, although useful, damage the environment severely. The scientists who conducted the research, however, should not be held responsible for that damage, since they merely generated the theories and could neither foresee nor restrict the kinds of products that might be designed using those theories. | Individuals who perform an activity should not be held responsible for any unforeseen undesirable consequences that arise from the use to which others put the results of that activity justifies the conclusion above. | entailment |
11,065 | One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled SuperOXY, that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since <b> the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed by the muscles is through the lungs </b>. | The statement 'frequent physical exercise increases the body's ability to take in and use oxygen' would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface. | not-entailment |
4,166 | According to the TV ratings survey, more young people watch sports programs than the middle-aged people and elderly people. | Sports programmes are prepared for young people can be inferred. | not-entailment |
12,350 | Linguist: Most people can tell whether a sequence of words in their own dialect is grammatical. Yet few people who can do so are able to specify the relevant grammatical rules. | The statement "Some people are able to tell whether any given piece of music is a waltz. But the majority of these people cannot state the defining characteristics of a waltz" best illustrates the principle underlying the linguist's statements. | entailment |
9,553 | At present, there is no mainstream channel for the supply of low-rent housing in China, and many functions of low-cost leased housing are undertaken by informal villages in the city. In recent years, the gap between the urban development of the south and the north is getting wider and wider. In the study of explaining this phenomenon, the proportion of the village in the city to the whole urban built-up area should be a very explanatory variable. In the south, there are many villages in the city of the semi-illegal , which make the availability of low-cost rentable housing much higher than that in northern cities. It is these low-rent housing that enable manufacturing with meagre profits to survive in big cities where land prices are expensive. | The most important part of this passage is the availability of low-cost rentable housing determines the development of the manufacturing industry. | entailment |
8,653 | The Chinese surname has a very big characteristic, that is, it is the same Han surname, but it is likely to have a very big difference in consanguinity. Generally speaking, taking Wuyishan-Nanling as the boundary, the consanguinity of Chinese surnames is obviously divided into two branches: the north and the south.The consanguinity of the Han nationality between the two places is quite different, even greater than that between the Han nationality in the north and south and the local ethnic minorities. This shows that with the expansion of the population, the Han nationality continued to go south and crossed the Yangtze River into Huguang more than 2000 years ago, and finally crossed the strait to Hainan Island. During this process, the Han people who moved south continued to integrate with many ethnic minorities who spoke Dong-Tai, South Asian and Miao languages, thus diluting the consanguinity of the Han nationality in the north. | The statement 'The north and south branches with the same surname may not come from the same ancestor' can best refute the above argument if it is true. | entailment |
11,070 | Professor Hartley' s new book on moral philosophy contains numerous passages that can be found verbatim in an earlier published work by Hartley' s colleague, Professor Lawrence. Ttherefore, in view of the fact that these passages were unattributed in Hartley' s book, Hartley has been dishonest in not acknowledging the intellectual debt owed to Lawrence. | The assumption that Hartley could not have written the new book without the passages in question is an assumption on which the argument is based. | not-entailment |
12,724 | Consumers are deeply concerned about the quantity of plastic packaging on the market and have spurred manufacturers to find ways to recycle plastic materials. Despite their efforts, however, only 6. 5 percent of plastic is now being recycled, as compared to 33 percent of container glass. | The manufacture of new plastic depletes oil reserves, whereas the manufacture of new glass uses renewable resources helps to explain the relatively low rate of plastic recycling. | entailment |
5,962 | Career burnout refers to the feeling that people feel that their physical and mental energy is exhausted by work under the pressure of their long-term work. | The statement 'After engaging in many different professions, Mr wang feels that all the jobs are dull' is a state of career burnout according to the above definition. | not-entailment |
11,751 | Commentator: In academic scholarship, sources are always cited, and methodology and theoretical assumptions are set out, so as to allow critical study, replication, and expansion of scholarship. In open-source software, the code in which the program is written can be viewed and modified by individual users for their purposes without getting permission from the producer or paying a fee. In contrast, the code of proprietary software is kept secret, and modifications can be made only by the producer, for a fee. This shows that open-source software better matches the values embodied in academic scholarship, and since scholarship is central to the mission of universities, universities should use only open-source software. | The commentator's reasoning most closely conforms to the principle that the form of software technology that best matches the values embodied in the activities that are central to the mission of universities is the form of software technology that is most efficient for universities to use. | entailment |
5,491 | Mr. Li decided not to visit mountains and Jiuzhai in the future. He must have visited Wu Yue and Jiu Zhai | Lung diseases are largely related to smoking. Patients with lung tumors usually choose to quit smoking. Li Gang plans to quit smoking recently. He must have found lung tumors is most similar to the logical reasoning structure of the above sentence. | entailment |
15,115 | In setting environmental standards for industry and others to meet, it is inadvisable to require the best results that state-of-the-art technology can achieve. Current technology is able to detect and eliminate even extremely minute amounts of contaminants, but at a cost that is exorbitant relative to the improvement achieved. So it would be reasonable instead to set standards by taking into account all of the current and future risks involved. | The argument given concerning the reasonable way to set standards presupposes that there are effective ways to take into account all of the relevant risks posed by allowing different levels of contaminants. | entailment |
12,318 | Last year a record number of new manufacturing jobs were created. Will this year bring another record? Well, any new manufacturing job is created either within an existing company or by the start-up of a new company. <b> Within existing firms, new jobs have been created this year at well below last year's record pace </b>. At the same time, there is considerable evidence that the number of new companies starting up will be no higher this year than it was last year and <b> there is no reason to think that the new companies starting up this year will create more jobs per company than did last year's start-ups </b>. So clearly, the number of new jobs created this year will fall short of last year's record. | The first provides evidence in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a judgment advanced in support of that main conclusion is the role played by the two portions in boldface in the argument. | entailment |
11,124 | Arbitrator: The shipping manager admits that he decided to close the old facility on October 14 and to schedule the new facility' s opening for October 17, the following Monday. But he also claims that he is not responsible for the business that was lost due to the new facility' s failing to open as scheduled. He blames the contractor for not finishing on time, but he too, is to blame, for he was aware of the contractor' s typical delays and should have planned for this contingency. | The principle that a manager should take foreseeable problems into account when making decisions underlies the arbitrator's argument. | entailment |
10,919 | In 1883, the Indonesian island Krakatoa, home to a massive volcano, seemingly disappeared overnight as an eruption rent the entire island apart, catapulting rock and debris into the atmosphere. For the next few years, as ash circled the entire globe, the average world temperature dropped by several degrees Fahrenheit. Ttherefore, an eruption of similar power in terms of the amount of debris ejected into the atmosphere will likely cause the average temperature around the world to drop by several degrees. | The statement 'The eruption of the Indonesian island of Tambora was even larger than that of Krakatoa, yet the average world temperature did not drop as much as it did following the eruption of Krakatoa' best challenges the main claim of the argument. | not-entailment |
5,459 | Post-traumatic stress response refers to the psychological disorder sequelae after encountering or resisting major stress, but this phenomenon is the reasonable result of experiencing trauma, not the original problem of the patient's psychological state. | A World War II veteran had a bleak evening, separated his wife and children, and was diagnosed with a life-threatening illness not long ago is not a post-traumatic stress response according to the above definition. | entailment |
14,094 | Mate is a beverage found in much of South America. While it is uncertain where mate was first made, there are more varieties of it found in Paraguay than anywhere else. Also, mate is used more widely there than anywhere else. Ttherefore, Paraguay is likely the place where mate originated. | The statement 'Typically, the longer a beverage has been in use in a particular place, the more widely that beverage is used there' would most strengthen the argument. | entailment |
11,067 | TrueSave is a mail-order company that ships electronic products from its warehouses to customers worldwide. The company' s shipping manager is proposing that customer orders be packed with newer, more expensive packing materials that virtually eliminate damage during shipping. The manager argues that overall costs would essentially remain unaffected, since the extra cost of the new packing materials roughly equals the current cost of replacing products returned by customers because they arrived in damaged condition. | It would be most important to ascertain whether the products shipped by TrueSave are more vulnerable to incurring damage during shipping than are typical electronic products in order to determine whether implementing the shipping manager's proposal would have the argued-for effect on costs. | not-entailment |
9,943 | In one study, 51 volunteers from middle school students were divided into a test group and a control group and trained in the same math skills. During the five-day training, the researchers used a technique called transcranial random noise stimulation to deliver mild shocks to areas of the brain thought to be related to computing power in 25 members of the test group. The results of subsequent tests showed that the ability to perform mathematical operations of the members of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group. To their surprise, the improvement of this ability can last at least half a year. As a result, the researchers believe that to deliver mild shocks in the brain can improve the brain's ability to calculate. | Subjects with delivering mild shocks to the brain were more concerned about their behavior and were more focused during the test, if true, best supports the above view of the researchers. | not-entailment |
9,579 | Digital dilemma refers to the phenomenon that the elderly are not familiar with the use of digital products because of their living habits, cultural level and other factors, which brings trouble to their daily life. | Xiao Gao installed the Internet TV for his parents. Because the operation was too complicated, the parents always couldn't find the channel they wanted to watch, so they had to move out the old TV again is not a digital dilemma. | not-entailment |
7,429 | Information Cocoon Room: refers to people in their own field of information will be accustomed to be quoted by interest to guide, and finally bind themselves, like a silkworm, and finally shackled in their own,In the Cocoon Room. | Junior Xu often uses campus network or social networking site to search for and exchange learning and entertainment materials does not belong to the information cocoon room. | entailment |
3,719 | In recent years, trace management has been widely used in grass-roots work. Its advantage is that through the retained text, pictures and other work materials, effectively restore the work of serving the masses for future verification. In order to strengthen the trace management, a grass-roots unit has greatly increased the proportion of work materials in the assessment score. Obviously, such an approach will cause local grass-roots cadres to spend a lot of energy on keeping traces of work. | The underlying hypothesis of the above argument is likely to be that some grass-roots cadres lack a sense of service to the masses. | not-entailment |
8,498 | With regard to the problem that the occupying roads of small street vendors in urban streets affects traffic, some scholars think that centralized business areas for small vendors should be set up in specific areas that do not affect urban traffic. in this way, it can alleviate the problem of traffic jams caused by small stall vendors occupying roads at will. | After setting up a centralized business area, small stalls occupying on the road will go there to set up stalls is a prerequisite that must be added in order to make the above argument valid. | entailment |
9,422 | In the face of the chronic social and psychological illness of teenagers' Internet addiction, people from all walks of life have been trying to find countermeasures. Relevant scientific research has explained the mechanism of game addiction from different angles such as biomedicine, psychology and sociology, and sought the corresponding mechanism of intervention and governance. From the point of view of biomedicine, biochemical scientists have found that game addiction should be treated as a disease of the cerebral neurodopamine system; psychologists have revealed from a large number of case studies that game addiction mostly comes from defective personality, cognitive deviation, and specific defense mechanisms that balance the inner world with the impact of external reality. Sociological research focuses on the environmental factors of life events such as national policy, social environment, family education, parent-child relationship, school teaching, social communication style and so on. | The author is most likely to describe 'How to solve the problem of teenagers' Internet addiction from all walks of life' next. | entailment |
14,464 | Economist: Global recessions can never be prevented, for they could be prevented only if they were predictable. Yet economists, using the best techniques at their disposal, consistently fail to accurately predict global recessions. | The economist's argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that it fails to address the possibility that the techniques available to economists for the prediction of global recessions will significantly improve. | entailment |
10,623 | Jessica: The budget surplus should be used only to increase government payments to those who are unemployed. Marcie: A better use of the money would be for a public works project that would create jobs. | Jessica and Marcie are committed to disagreeing about the truth of using the budget surplus to increase government payments to those who are unemployed is putting the money to good use. | not-entailment |
3,179 | Ideology: a systematic idea formed on a certain socio-economic basis and representing the interests of a class or social group. | The statement 'The Federation of literary and artistic circles of a province called on everyone to resist vulgar culture and purify the cultural environment in the new era' is ideological. | entailment |
1,765 | The reason why the financial crisis has spread to the world is largely because each economy has experienced 6 to 7 years of extraordinary financial expansion, financial innovation and the unprecedented development of financial derivatives during the economic prosperity period. Under this model, the prices of various assets are constantly being irrationally pushed up. The key to the governance crisis is to return various assets that have been hyped to high prices to their reasonable price levels. A period of asset devaluation is inevitable. , This is the debt repayment for the past speeding appreciation. | Proactive fiscal policy and appropriately loose monetary policy should be adopted to stimulate the economy is an accurate summary of the passage. | not-entailment |
10,752 | Recently an unusually high number of dolphins have been found dead of infectious diseases, and most of these had abnormally high tissue concentrations of certain compounds that, even in low concentrations, reduce dolphins' resistance to infection. The only source of these compounds in the dolphins' environment is boat paint. Ttherefore, since dolphins rid their bodies of the compounds rapidly once exposure ceases, their mortality rate should decline rapidly if such boat paints are banned. | In high concentrations, the compounds are toxic to many types of marine animals, which most strengthens the argument. | not-entailment |
13,359 | Gerrit: While browsing in a record store I noticed that one copy of a recording I wanted had mistakenly been priced at a quarter of the list price. When I finally reached the cashier I was told that the price had been mismarked and I would have to pay the full list price. Since I had wasted an hour standing in line, the retailer was morally obligated to sell me the recording at the lower price. Saskia: I disagree. You knew that a mistake had been made, and you were simply trying to take advantage of that mistake. | The principle that 'Retailers are morally obligated to sell an item to a customer at a mismarked price only if that customer was genuinely misled about the intended price by the mismarking' would most help to justify Saskia's position. | entailment |
319 | Researchers studied DNA from 1.1 million people and came up with a scoring system. The system can be used to detect someone's DNA to roughly predict someone's education level. It turns out that only 10% of those with the lowest genetic scores. In contrast, those with a genetic score in the top five have a 50% chance of graduating from college. This is the largest study of human cognitive genetics in history. Based on this, some people believe that there is a great connection between human genes and academic qualifications. | Among the 1.1 million people who are studied, more than 60% are college graduates would most call these people's views into question. | entailment |
6,680 | The air-gun bullet marks on the glass are different from those on the other shots.This is because although the air gun has rifling, it uses spring compressed air as the power to launch the warhead, which has the advantages of low speed, low energy and light weight (0.5 grams per air gun), so when the air gun hits the glass, it acts on the glass for a long time and the force is small. The penetration ability is small, and its glass smashing marks are also different from those of stone glass. | The most accurate restatement of the main idea of this passage is that the reason why the air gun smashes the glass is different from that caused by other guns is that it is powered by spring compressed air. | entailment |
10,604 | Travel agent: Although most low-fare airlines have had few, if any, accidents, very few such airlines have been in existence long enough for their safety records to be reliably established. Major airlines, on the other hand, usually have longstanding records reliably indicating their degree of safety. Hence, passengers are safer on a major airline than on one of the newer low-fare airlines. | The argument fails to consider the possibility that long-standing and reliable records documenting an airline's degree of safety may indicate that the airline is unsafe is the criticism to which the reasoning in the travel agent's argument is most vulnerable. | entailment |
13,959 | Sambar deer are physically incapable of digesting meat. Yet sambar deer have been reported feeding on box turtles after killing them. | The statement 'Sambar deer eat only the bony shells of box turtles' best resolves the discrepancy above. | entailment |
564 | Administrative punishment refers to administrative sanctions imposed by administrative agencies on citizens, legal persons or other organizations that constitute administrative violations. | The health department imposing a penalty of suspension of business on restaurants that fail the sanitation inspection is an administrative penalty according to the above definition. | entailment |
4,106 | The objective-value fallacy is a wrong reasoning whose premise is a factual description, while the conclusion expresses a description involving value meaning, and this reasoning does not presuppose an obvious value judgment premise. | According to the above definition, the statement 'There should be more exchanges and communication between people, more understanding and tolerance, and there will be fewer and fewer nation-states in the world' is an objective-value fallacy. | not-entailment |
10,026 | Plants must blossom before they can produce seeds there are two kinds of dragons, the Russian dragon and the French dragon, they look very similar. Russian dragons blossom, but French dragons do not blossom.However, the leaves of the Russian dragon pole do not have the unique fragrance that makes the French dragon pole an ideal seasoning. | As an ornamental plant, French dragons are more popular than Russian dragons can be inferred from the above discussion. | not-entailment |
2,944 | There is a cross relationship between concept A and concept B if and only if (1) the existing object belongs to both A and B; (2) The existing object belongs to A but not to B; (3) The existing object belongs to B but not A. | According to the subject matter, paintings mainly include figure painting, flower and bird painting, landscape painting, etc; According to techniques, there are mainly meticulous painting and freehand painting is the cross relationship between the two concepts of adding points according to the above definition. | entailment |
9,003 | In car accidents, airbags can greatly reduce the risk of serious injury. However, statistics show that cars without airbags are less likely to be involved in accidents than those with airbags. Therefore, cars with airbags are no safer than cars without airbags. | The argument is only hypothetical but not conclusive: the occurrence of the accident is at least as important as the serious injury caused by the accident in the assessment of safety most accurately describes the shortcomings of the above argument. | entailment |
6,411 | The world economy is in a new round of growth. International trade and investment remain strong and persistent. Increasing bilateral and multilateral coordination in the international economic field is conducive to the development and stability of the world economy. The industrial structure promoted by the new technological revolution continues to deepen rapidly. The industrial transfer from developed countries to developing countries is missing the upgrade of the international industrial structure. Both China and ASEAN are optimistic about the bright prospects of bilateral cooperation in the future. | The statement 'Bilateral and multilateral coordination in international economic field is increasing day by day' illustrates the above words. | not-entailment |
1,514 | Although architecture originated from practical life requirements such as cold prevention, heat elimination, shade and safety, in the history of architecture, human beings paid far less cooperative labor for solving practical life than for non practical aspects. Palaces, temples, altars, tombs, churches, monuments, gardens, etc. these buildings that all or basically serve spiritual life have far more achievements than houses and workshops, Fortress and other buildings serving material life. The evolution of architectural form and architectural style is often the most sensitive witness to the material and spiritual life of a generation of society. In the west, people vividly call architecture a history written in stone. | People vividly call architecture history written in stone because architecture serves both spiritual life and material life, both of which contain historical aesthetic factors. | entailment |
1,166 | Every kind of behavior comes from a certain thought, and it is not necessarily a signal of action. the more people make full use of language tools to exchange ideas freely, the more they can achieve correct understanding to dominate more rational actions. Therefore, suppressing speech is often not an action to prevent mistakes, but to prevent deliberate actions, and the result must be that if the pressure is large enough, people will be passive, and if the pressure is small, people will move at will. | The most likely meaning of the passage is that restricting speech can restrict movement. | not-entailment |
11,354 | Keeler wanted the institute to receive bad publicity. He and Greene were the only ones in a position to tell the press about the institute' s potentially embarrassing affiliations, but Greene had no reason to do so. Ttherefore, it must have been Keeler who notified the press. | Other than Helms and Lapinski, no one had access to the equipment on Thursday, the day it was tampered with. Thus, since Helms had reason to tamper with the equipment and Lapinski did not, it must have been Helms who did it is the argument that is most | entailment |
14,808 | It is undeniable that regular consumption of fast food can lead to serious health problems. However, most people agree that fast food companies should not be held liable for the effects their product has on the health of consumers. Few people, however, disagree with holding tobacco companies liable for the serious health problems caused by cigarette usage. Ttherefore, fast food must not be as unhealthy as cigarettes. | The statement 'Tobacco companies tend to use the same type of marketing for their products as fast food companies' is assumed in the passage. | not-entailment |
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