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/*
*
* $Id: runtime.h,v 1.1 2024/02/25 04:43:16 stefan Exp stefan $
*
* Stefan's basic interpreter
*
* Prototypes for the runtime environment of the BASIC interpreter.
*
* Needs to be included by runtime.c or runtime.cpp and basic.c
*
* Parametrized by hardware.h.
*
* Author: Stefan Lenz, [email protected]
*
*/
#if !defined(__RUNTIMEH__)
#define __RUNTIMEH__
/*
* system type identifiers
*/
#define SYSTYPE_UNKNOWN 0
#define SYSTYPE_AVR 1
#define SYSTYPE_ESP8266 2
#define SYSTYPE_ESP32 3
#define SYSTYPE_RP2040 4
#define SYSTYPE_SAM 5
#define SYSTYPE_XMC 6
#define SYSTYPE_SMT32 7
#define SYSTYPE_NRENESA 8
#define SYSTYPE_POSIX 32
#define SYSTYPE_MSDOS 33
#define SYSTYPE_MINGW 34
#define SYSTYPE_RASPPI 35
/*
* Input and output channels.
* The channels are used to identify the I/O devices in the
* runtime environment.
*
* NULL is the memory channel outputting to a buffer.
* SERIAL is the standard serial channel and the default device.
* DSP is the display channel.
* PRT is the second serial channel used for printing and communication
* with external devices.
* WIRE is the I2C channel.
* RADIO is the RF24 channel.
* MQTT is the MQTT channel.
* FILE is the file system channel.
*/
#define ONULL 0
#define OSERIAL 1
#define ODSP 2
#define OPRT 4
#define OWIRE 7
#define ORADIO 8
#define OMQTT 9
#define OFILE 16
#define INULL 0
#define ISERIAL 1
#define IKEYBOARD 2
#define ISERIAL1 4
#define IWIRE 7
#define IRADIO 8
#define IMQTT 9
#define IFILE 16
/*
* The main IO interface. This is how BASIC uses I/O functions
*
* ioinit(): called at setup to initialize what ever io is needed
* outch(): prints one ascii character
* inch(): gets one character (and waits for it)
* checkch(): checks for one character (non blocking)
* ins(): reads an entire line (uses inch except for pioserial)
*
*/
void ioinit();
void iodefaults();
int cheof(int);
char inch();
char checkch();
uint16_t availch();
uint16_t inb(char*, int16_t);
uint16_t ins(char*, uint16_t);
void outch(char);
void outs(char*, uint16_t);
/*
* Global variables of the runtime env, visible to BASIC
*/
extern int8_t id; /* active input stream */
extern int8_t od; /* active output stream */
extern int8_t idd; /* default input stream in interactive mode */
extern int8_t odd; /* default output stream in interactive mode */
extern int8_t ioer; /* the io error */
/* io control flags */
extern uint8_t kbdrepeat;
extern uint8_t blockmode;
extern uint8_t sendcr;
/* counts the outputed characters on streams 0-3, used to emulate a real tab */
extern uint8_t charcount[3]; /* devices 1-4 support tabing */
/* the memory buffer comes from BASIC in this version */
extern char ibuffer[BUFSIZE]; /* the input buffer */
/* only needed in POSIX worlds */
extern uint8_t breaksignal;
extern uint8_t vt52active;
/* the string buffer the interpreter needs, here to be known by BASIC */
extern char spistrbuf1[SPIRAMSBSIZE], spistrbuf2[SPIRAMSBSIZE];
/* the mqtt variable the interpreter needs */
#define MQTTLENGTH 32
extern char mqtt_otopic[MQTTLENGTH];
extern char mqtt_itopic[MQTTLENGTH];
extern char mqttname[];
/*
* accessing the fastticker information
*/
extern uint16_t avgfasttick;
/*
* A byte in the runtime memory containing the system type
*/
extern uint8_t bsystype;
/*
* These functions are always empty on Arduino, they are only used in
* the POSIX branch of the code.
*
* BASIC calls these functions once to start the timing, wiring, and signal handling.
*/
void timeinit(); /* handling time - part of the Arduino core - only needed on POSIX OSes */
void wiringbegin(); /* starting wiring is only needed on raspberry */
void signalon(); /* POSIX signals - not needed on Ardunino */
/*
* Memory allocation functions.
*
* BASIC calls freememorysize() to detemine how much memory can be allocated
* savely on the heap.
* BASIC calls restartsystem() for a complete reboot.
* freeRam() is the actual free heap. Used in BASIC only in USR.
*
* Arduino data from https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/programming/memory-guide
*/
long freememorysize(); /* determine how much actually to allocate */
void restartsystem(); /* cold start of the MCU */
long freeRam(); /* try to find the free heap after alocating all globals */
/* This is unfinished, don't use, sleep and RTC interrupt code. */
void rtcsqw();
void aftersleepinterrupt(void);
void activatesleep(long);
/*
* Start the SPI bus. Called once on start.
*
* Some libraries also try to start the SPI which may lead to on override of
* the PIN settings if the library code is not clean - currenty no conflict known.
* for the libraries used here.
*/
void spibegin();
/*
* Timeing functions and background tasks.
*
* byield() is called after every statement and in all
* waiting loops for I/O. BASIC gives back the unneeded
* CPU cycles by calling byield().
*
* byield() it allows three levels of background tasks.
*
* BASICBGTASK controls if time for background tasks is
* needed, usually set by hardware features
*
* YIELDINTERVAL by default is 32, generating a 32 ms call
* to the network loop function.
*
* LONGYIELDINTERVAL by default is 1000, generating a one second
* call to maintenance functions.
*
* fastticker() is called in every byield for fast I/O control.
* It is currently only used for the tone emulation.
*
* byield calls back bloop() in the BASIC interpreter for user
* defined background tasks.
*
* the time intervall in ms needed for
* ESP8266 yields, network client loops
* and other timing related functions
*/
#define LONGYIELDINTERVAL 1000
#define YIELDINTERVAL 32
void byield(); /* the yield function called in empty loops */
void bdelay(uint32_t); /* a delay function using byield() */
void fastticker(); /* a function for very frequent background tasks */
void yieldfunction(); /* everything that needs to be done often - 32 ms */
void longyieldfunction(); /* everything that needs to be done not so often - 1 second */
void yieldschedule(); /* scheduler call for some platforms */
/*
* EEPROM handling, these function enable the @E array and
* loading and saving to EEPROM with the "!" mechanism
*
* The EEPROM code can address EEPROMS up to 64 kB. It returns
* signed byte values which corresponds to the definition of
* mem_t in BASIC. This is needed because running from EEPROM
* requires negative token values to be recongized.
*
*/
void ebegin();
void eflush();
uint16_t elength();
void eupdate(uint16_t, int8_t);
int8_t eread(uint16_t);
/*
* The wrappers of the arduino io functions.
*
* The normalize the differences of some of the Arduino cores
* and raspberyy PI wiring implementations.
*
* pulseout generates microsecond pulses.
*
* awrite requires ESP32 2.0.2 core, else disable awrite().
*/
uint16_t aread(uint8_t);
uint8_t dread(uint8_t);
void awrite(uint8_t, uint16_t);
void dwrite(uint8_t, uint8_t);
void pinm(uint8_t, uint8_t);
uint32_t pulsein(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint32_t);
void pulseout(uint16_t, uint8_t, uint16_t, uint16_t, uint16_t, uint16_t);
void playtone(uint8_t, uint16_t, uint16_t, uint8_t);
void tonetoggle(); /* internal function of the tone emulation, called by byield */
void breakpinbegin();
uint8_t getbreakpin();
/*
* DISPLAY driver code section, the hardware models define a set of
* of functions and definitions needed for the display driver. These are
*
* dsp_rows, dsp_columns: size of the display
* dspbegin(), dspprintchar(c, col, row), dspclear(), dspupdate()
*
* All displays which have this functions can be used with the
* generic display driver below.
*
* Graphics displays need to implement the functions
*
* rgbcolor(), vgacolor()
* plot(), line(), rect(), frect(), circle(), fcircle()
*
* Color is currently either 24 bit or 4 bit 16 color vga.
*
* For non RGB ready displays, rgbcolor translates to the native color
* when BASIC requests an rgb color, in this case the nearest 4 bit
* color of the display is also stored for use in the text DISPLAY
* driver code
*/
/* generate a 4 bit vga color from a given rgb color */
uint8_t rgbtovga(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
/*
* prototypes for screen handling
*/
void dspbegin();
void dspprintchar(char, uint8_t, uint8_t);
void dspclear();
void dspupdate();
void dspsetcursor(uint8_t);
void dspsavepen();
void dsprestorepen();
void dspsetfgcolor(uint8_t);
void dspsetbgcolor(uint8_t);
void dspsetreverse(uint8_t);
uint8_t dspident();
void rgbcolor(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
void vgacolor(uint8_t);
void plot(int, int);
void line(int, int, int, int);
void rect(int, int, int, int);
void frect(int, int, int, int);
void circle(int, int, int);
void fcircle(int, int, int);
/*
* this is a generic display code
* it combines the functions of LCD and TFT drivers
* if this code is active
*
* dspprintchar(char c, uint8_t col, uint8_t row)
* dspclear()
* dspbegin()
* dspupdate()
* dspsetcursor(uint8_t c)
* dspsetfgcolor(uint8_t c)
* void dspsetbgcolor(uint8_t c)
* void dspsetreverse(uint8_t c)
* uint8_t dspident()
*
* have to be defined before in a hardware dependent section.
* Only dspprintchar and dspclear are needed, all other can be stubs
*
* VGA systems don't use the display driver for text based output.
*
* The display driver exists as a buffered version that can scroll
* or an unbuffered version that cannot scroll. Interfaces to hardware
* scrolling are not yet implemented.
*
* A VT52 state engine is implemented and works for buffered and
* unbuffered displays. Only buffered displays have the full VT52
* feature set including most of the GEMDOS extensions described here:
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VT52
*
* dspupdatemode controls the page update behaviour
* 0: character mode, display each character separately
* 1: line mode, update the display after each line
* 2: page mode, update the display after an ETX
* ignored if the display has no update function
*
*/
void dspsetcursorx(uint8_t);
void dspsetcursory(uint8_t);
uint8_t dspgetcursorx();
uint8_t dspgetcursory();
void dspbell(); /* to whom the bell tolls - implement this to you own liking */
/*
* text color code for the scrolling display
*
* non scrolling displays simply use the pen color of the display
* stored in dspfgcolor to paint the information on the screen
*
* for scrolling displays we store the color information of every
* character in the display buffer to enable scrolling, to limit the
* storage requirements, this code translates the color to a 4 bit VGA
* color. This means that if BASIC uses 24 bit colors, the color may
* change at scroll
*
* for color displays the buffer is a 16 bit object
* lower 8 bits plus the sign are the character,
* higher 7 the color and font.
* for monochrome just the character is stored
*/
#ifdef DISPLAYHASCOLOR
typedef short dspbuffer_t;
#else
typedef char dspbuffer_t;
#endif
dspbuffer_t dspget(uint16_t);
dspbuffer_t dspgetrc(uint8_t, uint8_t);
dspbuffer_t dspgetc(uint8_t);
void dspsetxy(dspbuffer_t, uint8_t, uint8_t); /* this functions prints a character and updates the display buffer */
void dspset(uint16_t, dspbuffer_t);
void dspsetscrollmode(uint8_t, uint8_t); /* 0 normal scroll, 1 enable waitonscroll function */
void dspbufferclear(); /* clear the buffer */
void dspscroll(uint8_t, uint8_t); /* do the scroll */
void dspreversescroll(uint8_t); /* do the reverse scroll only one line implemented */
/*
* This is the minimalistic VT52 state engine. It is an interface to
* process single byte control sequences of the form <ESC> char
*/
char vt52read(); /* the reader from the buffer, for messages going back from the display */
uint8_t vt52avail(); /* the avail from the buffer */
void vt52push(char); /* putting something into the buffer */
uint8_t vt52number(char); /* something little, generating numbers */
void vt52graphcommand(uint8_t); /* execute one graphics command */
/*
* this is a special part of the vt52 code with this, the terminal
* can control the digital and analog pins.
* it is meant for situations where the terminal is controlled by a (powerful)
* device with no or very few I/O pins. It can use the pins of the Arduino through
* the terminal. This works as long as everything stays within the terminals timescale
* On a 9600 baud interface, the character processing time is 1ms, everything slower
* than approximately 10ms can be done through the serial line.
*/
void vt52wiringcommand(uint8_t);
/* the vt52 state engine */
void dspvt52(char*);
/* these functions are used to access the display */
void dspouts(char*, uint16_t);
void dspwrite(char);
uint8_t dspstat(uint8_t);
char dspwaitonscroll();
uint8_t dspactive();
void dspsetupdatemode(uint8_t);
uint8_t dspgetupdatemode();
void dspgraphupdate();
/*
* code for the VGA system of Fabgl
*/
void vgabegin(); /* this starts the vga controller and the terminal right now */
int vgastat(uint8_t); /* currently unused */
void vgascale(int*, int*); /* scale the screen size */
void vgawrite(char);
void vgaend();
/*
* Keyboard code for either the Fablib Terminal class or
* PS2Keyboard - please note that you need the ESP patched
* version here as mentioned above
*
* sets HASKEYBOARD to inform basic about this capability
*
* keyboards can implement
* kbdbegin()
* they need to provide
* kbdavailable(), kbdread(), kbdcheckch()
* the later is for interrupting running BASIC code
*/
void kbdbegin();
uint8_t kbdstat(uint8_t);
uint8_t kbdavailable();
char kbdread();
char kbdcheckch();
uint16_t kbdins(char*, uint16_t);
/*
* Arduino Real Time clock. The interface here offers the values as number_t
* combining all values.
*
* The code does not use an RTC library any more all the rtc support is
* builtin now.
*
* A clock must activate the macro #define HASCLOCK to make the clock
* available in BASIC.
*
* Four software models are supported
* - Built-in clocks of STM32, MKR, and ESP32 are supported by default
* - I2C clocks can be activated: DS1307, DS3231, and DS3232
* - A Real Time Clock emulation is possible using millis()
*
* rtcget accesses the internal registers of the clock.
* Registers 0-6 are bcd transformed to return
* seconds, minutes, hours, day of week, day, month, year
*
* On I2C clocks registers 7-255 are returned as memory cells
*/
/* No begin method needed */
void rtcbegin();
uint16_t rtcget(uint8_t); /* get the time from the registers */
void rtcset(uint8_t, uint16_t);
/* convert the time to a unix time number from https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unixzeit */
void rtctimetoutime();
void rtcutimetotime();
/*
* definitions for ESP Wifi and MQTT, super experimental.
* As networking is only used for MQTT at the moment,
* mqtt, Wifi and Ethernet comes all in one.
*
* No encryption/authetication is implemented in MQTT.
* Only public, open servers can be used.
*
* MQTT topics can only be 32 bytes long.
* Buffered incoming and outgoing messages can be 128 bytes
* per default.
*
* wifisettings.h is the generic network definition file
* all network settings are compiled into the code
* BASIC cannot change them at runtime.
*/
void mqttsetname();
void netbegin();
void netstop();
void netreconnect();
uint8_t netconnected();
/*
* mqtt event handling in BASIC can be triggered here
* the prototype uses exactly the Arduino types of the
* pubsub library.
*
*/
void mqttcallback(char*, byte*, unsigned int);
/*
* mqtt prototypes
*/
void mqttbegin();
uint8_t mqttstat(uint8_t);
uint8_t mqttreconnect();
uint8_t mqttstate();
void mqttsubscribe(const char*);
void mqttunsubscribe();
void mqttsettopic(const char*);
void mqttouts(const char*, uint16_t);
void mqttwrite(const char);
char mqttread();
uint16_t mqttins(char*, uint16_t);
uint16_t mqttavailable();
char mqttcheckch();
/*
* The file system driver - all methods needed to support BASIC fs access
* Different filesystems need different prefixes and fs objects, these
* filesystems use the stream API
*/
char* mkfilename(const char*);
const char* rmrootfsprefix(const char*); /* remove the prefix from the filename */
void fsbegin();
uint8_t fsstat(uint8_t);
/*
* File I/O function on an Arduino
*
* filewrite(), fileread(), fileavailable() as byte access
* open and close is handled separately by (i/o)file(open/close)
* only one file can be open for write and read at the same time
*/
void filewrite(char);
char fileread();
int fileavailable(); /* is int because some of the fs do this */
uint8_t ifileopen(const char*);
void ifileclose();
uint8_t ofileopen(const char*, const char*);
void ofileclose();
/*
* directory handling for the catalog function
* these methods are needed for a walkthtrough of
* one directory
*
* rootopen()
* while rootnextfile()
* if rootisfile() print rootfilename() rootfilesize()
* rootfileclose()
* rootclose()
*/
void rootopen();
uint8_t rootnextfile();
uint8_t rootisfile();
const char* rootfilename();
uint32_t rootfilesize();
void rootfileclose();
void rootclose();
void removefile(const char*);
/*
* formatting for fdisk of the internal filesystems
*/
void formatdisk(uint8_t);
/*
* The buffer I/O device. This is a stream to write to a given bufer
* from BASIC.
*/
void bufferbegin();
uint8_t bufferstat(uint8_t);
void bufferwrite(char);
char bufferread();
char buffercheckch();
uint16_t bufferavailable();
uint16_t bufferins(char*, uint16_t);
void bufferouts(char*, uint16_t);
/*
* Primary serial code uses the Serial object or Picoserial
*
* The picoseria an own interrupt function. This is used to fill
* the input buffer directly on read. Write is standard like in
* the serial code.
*
* As echoing is done in the interrupt routine, the code cannot be
* used to receive keystrokes from serial and then display the echo
* directly to a display. To do this the write command in picogetchar
* would have to be replaced with a outch() that then redirects to the
* display driver. This would be very tricky from the timing point of
* view if the display driver code is slow.
*
* The code for the UART control is mostly taken from PicoSerial
* https://github.com/gitcnd/PicoSerial, originally written by Chris Drake
* and published under GPL3.0 just like this code
*
*/
void picobegin(uint32_t);
void picowrite(char); /* the write code, sending bytes directly to the UART */
uint16_t picoins(char *, uint16_t); /* the ins code of picoserial, called like this in consins */
/*
* picogetchar: this is the interrupt service routine. It
* recieves a character and feeds it into a buffer and echos it
* back. The logic here is that the ins() code sets the buffer
* to the input buffer. Only then the routine starts writing to the
* buffer. Once a newline is received, the length information is set
* and picoa is also set to 1 indicating an available string, this stops
* recevieing bytes until the input is processed by the calling code.
*/
void picogetchar(char);
/*
* blocking serial single char read for Serial
* unblocking for Picoserial because it is not
* character oriented -> blocking is handled in
* consins instead.
*/
char serialread();
void serialbegin();
uint8_t serialstat(uint8_t); /* state information on the serial port */
void serialwrite(char); /* write to a serial stream */
char serialcheckch(); /* check on a character, needed for breaking */
uint16_t serialavailable(); /* avail method, needed for AVAIL() */
void serialflush(); /* flush serial */
uint16_t serialins(char*, uint16_t); /* read a line from serial */
/*
* reading from the console with inch or the picoserial callback
* this mixes interpreter levels as inch/outch are used here
* this code needs to go to the main interpreter section after
* thorough rewrite
*/
uint16_t consins(char *, uint16_t);
void prtbegin(); /* second serial port */
char prtopen(char*, uint16_t); /* the open functions are not needed here */
void prtclose();
uint8_t prtstat(uint8_t);
void prtwrite(char);
char prtread();
char prtcheckch();
uint16_t prtavailable();
void prtset(uint32_t);
uint16_t prtins(char*, uint16_t);
/*
* The wire code, direct access to wire communication
* in master mode wire_slaveid is the I2C address bound
* to channel &7 and wire_myid is 0
* in slave mode wire_myid is the devices slave address
* and wire_slaveid is 0
* ARDUINOWIREBUFFER is the maximum length of meesages the
* underlying library can process. This is 32 for the Wire
* library
*/
void wirebegin();
void wireslavebegin(uint8_t);
uint8_t wirestat(uint8_t); /* wire status - just checks if wire is compiled */
uint16_t wireavailable(); /* available characters - test code ecapsulation prep for slave*/
void wireonreceive(int h); /* eventhandler for received data */
void wireonrequest(); /* event handler for request, deliver the message and forget the buffer */
/*
* as a master open sets the slave id for the communication
* no extra begin while we stay master
*/
void wireopen(char, uint8_t);
char wireread(); /* */
void wirewrite(char c); /* */
uint16_t wireins(char*, uint8_t); /* input an entire string */
void wireouts(char*, uint8_t); /* send an entire string - truncate radically */
int16_t wirereadbyte(uint8_t);
void wirewritebyte(uint8_t, int16_t);
void wirewriteword(uint8_t, int16_t, int16_t);
/*
* Read from the radio interface, radio is always block
* oriented. This function is called from ins for an entire
* line.
*
* In blockmode the entire message is returned in the
* receiving string while in line mode the length of the
* string is adapted. Blockmode can be used to transfer
* binary data.
*/
uint8_t radiostat(uint8_t);
uint64_t pipeaddr(const char*); /* generate a uint64_t pipe address from the filename string for RF24 */
uint16_t radioins(char*, uint8_t); /* read an entire string */
void radioouts(char *, uint8_t); /* write to radio, no character mode here */
uint16_t radioavailable(); /* radio available */
char radioread();
/*
* we always read from pipe 1 and use pipe 0 for writing,
* the filename is the pipe address, by default the radio
* goes to reading mode after open and is only stopped for
* write
*/
void iradioopen(const char *);
void oradioopen(const char *);
void radioset(uint8_t);
/*
* Arduino Sensor library code
* The sensorread() is a generic function called by
* SENSOR basic function and command. The first argument
* is the sensor and the second argument the value.
* sensorread(n, 0) checks if the sensorstatus.
*/
void sensorbegin();
float sensorread(uint8_t, uint8_t);
/*
* prototypes for the interrupt interface
*/
/* some have it and some dont */
#if !(defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MBED_RP2040) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_MBED_NANO) || defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_RENESAS))
typedef int PinStatus;
#endif
uint8_t pintointerrupt(uint8_t);
void attachinterrupt(uint8_t, void (*f)(), uint8_t);
void detachinterrupt(uint8_t);
/*
* Experimental code to drive SPI SRAM
*
* Currently only the 23LCV512 is implemented, assuming a
* 64kB SRAM
* The code below is taken in part from the SRAMsimple library
*
* two buffers are implemented:
* - a ro buffer used by memread, this buffer is mainly reading the token
* stream at runtime.
* - a rw buffer used by memread2 and memwrite2, this buffer is mainly accessing
* the heap at runtime. In interactive mode this is also the interface to read
* and write program code to memory
*
*/
/* the RAM begin method sets the RAM to sequential mode */
uint16_t spirambegin();
int8_t spiramrawread(uint16_t);
void spiram_bufferread(uint16_t, int8_t*, uint16_t);
void spiram_bufferwrite(uint16_t, int8_t*, uint16_t);
int8_t spiram_robufferread(uint16_t);
void spiram_rwbufferflush(); /* flush the buffer */
int8_t spiram_rwbufferread(uint16_t);
void spiram_rwbufferwrite(uint16_t, int8_t); /* the buffered file write */
void spiramrawwrite(uint16_t, int8_t); /* the simple unbuffered byte write, with a cast to signed char */
/*
* This code measures the fast ticker frequency in microseconds
* It leaves the data in variable F. Activate this only for test
* purposes.
*/
void fasttickerprofile();
// defined RUNTIMEH
#endif
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